diff --git "a/train_10M/train_10M/simple_wiki.train" "b/train_10M/train_10M/simple_wiki.train" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/train_10M/train_10M/simple_wiki.train" @@ -0,0 +1,65000 @@ +The usage of .gov as a gTLD controlled only by the U.S. is controversial, as some people believe this to be an example of arrogance by the U.S. – such views hold that usage of .fed.us or a new second-level domain of .gov.us would be more suitable. Others believe that U.S. control of .gov is a natural result of the fact that the U.S. federal government was responsible for the initial creation of the Internet and its first user. + += = = Corcelles-près-Payerne = = = +Corcelles-près-Payerne is a municipality in the Broye-Vully district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Cremin = = = +Cremin was a municipality of the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017, the former municipalities of Brenles, Chesalles-sur-Moudon, Cremin, Forel-sur-Lucens and Sarzens joined together to become the municipality of Lucens. + += = = Lucens = = = +Lucens is a municipality in Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. +History. +Lucens was first mentioned in 964 as "in villa Losingus". It was formerly known by the German name "Losingen". +In 1969, the Lucens reactor, an underground nuclear reactor started operation in Lucens. It soon had a serious accident, resulting in massive radioactive contamination of the underground site, which was then sealed. +The nearby municipality Oulens-sur-Lucens became part of Lucens municipality on 1 July 2011. +On 1 January 2017, the former municipalities of Brenles, Chesalles-sur-Moudon, Cremin, Forel-sur-Lucens and Sarzens joined together to become the municipality of Lucens. + += = = Grandcour = = = +Grandcour is a municipality in Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Sally Kirkland (editor) = = = +Sally Kirkland (El Reno, 1 July 1912 – New York City, 1 May 1989) was a fashion editor at Vogue magazine between 1947 and 1969. +Her daughter is the actress Sally Kirkland. +In July 1954 in Rome, during the "Alta Moda in Castel Sant'Angelo", in the evocative setting of the famous castle, the fashion stylists Emilio Schuberth, Vincenzo Ferdinandi, the Sorelle Fontana, Giovannelli-Sciarra, Eleanora Garnett and Mingolini-Guggenheim they gave her a prize for her role as ambassador of Italian fashion in the United States. +Kirkland also received the "Order of the Star of Italian Solidarity" in 1954 from the Italian Government for her news on the Italian fashion. She told a friend that she "was secretly pleased, because the medal was green and gold and looked well on the orange evening dress she had wear for the show". +Together with Grace Kelly and Vera Maxwell, Kirkland received a Neiman-Marcus award in 1955 for her contribution to fashion. + += = = Hook (music) = = = +A hook is a musical idea that is used in popular music to make a song appealing and to "catch the ear of the listener". It is usually a short riff, passage, or phrase. The term generally is used for popular music, especially rock, R&B, hip hop, dance, and pop. In these genres, the hook is often in the chorus. A hook can be either melodic or rhythmic, and often uses the main motif for a piece of music. + += = = Henniez, Switzerland = = = +Henniez is a municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is known for its mineral water Henniez. + += = = Henniez = = = +Henniez can mean: + += = = Roane County = = = +Roane County may refer to two counties in the United States: + += = = Vans = = = +Vans is an American manufacturer of skateboarding shoes. They also make similar apparel. They are based in Santa Ana, California. They are owned by VF Corporation. The company also sponsors surf, snowboarding, BMX, and motocross teams. Since 1996, the company has been the primary sponsor of the annual Vans Warped Tour traveling rock festival. + += = = Missy, Switzerland = = = +Missy is a municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Moudon = = = +Moudon (; ) is a municipality in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It was the capital of the Moudon District and is now in the Broye-Vully District. +History. +Montmagny was known as "Minnodunum" or "Minnidunum" during the Roman era. Around 1100, 1154 and 1180 it was mentioned as "Meldun", in 1161 it was "Moudon" and in 1167 as "Meldunum" or "Mildunum". +As ancient Minnodunum, during Roman times, the city was in the country of the Helvetii, on a road from Viviscus (modern Vevey), on the Lake of Geneva, to Aventicum (modern Avenches). + += = = Angst = = = +Angst is an emotion. It is an emotion of fear or anxiety ("anguish" is its Latinate equivalent. "Anxious" and "anxiety" have similar beginnings). The dictionary definition for angst is a feeling of anxiety, apprehension, or insecurity. It is used in English to describe a strong feeling of apprehension, anxiety, or inner turmoil. + += = = Oleyres = = = +Oleyres was a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud in the district of Broye-Vully. On 1 July 2011, became part of the municipality of Avenches. + += = = Fidlar = = = +Fidlar, stylized as FIDLAR, is a punk rock band from Los Angeles, California. +The band's name is an acronym for Fuck It Dog, Life's a Risk. + += = = Garage punk (fusion genre) = = = +Garage punk is a rock music genre. It combines the sounds of garage rock, punk rock, and other forms, that started in the indie rock underground between the late 1980s and early 1990s. Bands were influenced from stripped-down 1970s punk rock and Detroit proto-punk. They used many other styles in their sound, such as power pop, 1960s girl groups and garage rock, hardcore punk, early blues and R&B, and surf rock. + += = = Internet censorship = = = +Internet censorship is censorship of the internet. This may include websites censoring information, or entire websites being censored. Google is known for changing its search results to censor information. +As more people in more places begin using the Internet for important activities, there is an increase in online censorship, using increasingly sophisticated techniques. The motives, scope, and effectiveness of Internet censorship vary widely from country to country. The countries engaged in state-mandated filtering are clustered in three main regions of the world: east Asia, central Asia, and the MENA: Middle East & North Africa. + += = = Oulens-sur-Lucens = = = +Oulens-sur-Lucens was a municipality in the district Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011 it became part of the municipality of Lucens. + += = = Worden, Kansas = = = +Worden is an unincorporated community in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. It is seven miles west of Baldwin City and nine miles east of Overbrook. It is along U.S. Highway 56. +History. +Worden had a post office from 1884 until 1904. +The abandoned SM-65 Atlas-E missile site 548–2 is about 1.9 miles southwest of Worden. +Until 2011, USD 348 in Baldwin maintained the Marion Springs Elementary School. That school was in Worden. + += = = Prévonloup = = = +Prévonloup is a municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Trey, Vaud = = = +Trey is a municipality in the district Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Villars-le-Comte = = = +Villars-le-Comte is a municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Villarzel = = = +Villarzel is a municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2006, the municipalities of Rossens and Sédeilles became part of Villarzel. + += = = Vucherens = = = +Vucherens is a municipality in the district Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Vulliens = = = +Vulliens is a municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. Daniel Schorderet has been mayor since 2002 and there are four municipal councillors. + += = = Ballaigues = = = +Ballaigues is a municipality in the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Weekend View = = = +Weekend View was a weekend morning show on The Weather Channel that aired from 5:00 to 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time on Saturday and Sunday mornings. It gave the forecast for the weekend, as well as the week ahead. +Program history. +Weekend View was supposed to debut on September 17, 2005, but it was delayed to October 1, 2005 due to the busy Atlantic hurricane season. Initial plans included a primetime talk show in the second quarter of 2006, but that never came to function. +In fall 2006, Stephanie Abrams left the show for "Abrams & Bettes Beyond the Forecast" with Mike Bettes and was not replaced. A year later, Samantha Mohr joined The Weather Channel to replace Kelly Cass, who moved to "PM Edition". Cass returned to the program in May 2008. In April of that year, Dao Vu (who was the second non-meteorologist to host a live program, the other being Liz Jarvis-Fabian, who was with The Weather Channel from 1986 to 1989) left and was not replaced. +In March 2009, "Weekend View" was extended to 5-11 a.m. ET, replacing "Weekend Outlook". By this point Bill Keneely was moved to "PM Edition", and Betty Davis joined Kelly Cass on the 7-11 a.m. block. Jeff Morrow and Alex Wallace hosted the new 5-7 a.m. block. +In July 2010, Betty Davis left the show and The Weather Channel. She was replaced by Maria LaRosa. +In November 2010, Cass moved to "Weather Center" and Maria LaRosa joined Todd Santos for "Weekend Now". Jen Carfagno and Eric Fisher were their replacements on the 7-11 a.m. block. +In July 2012, Wallace left for "First Outlook", and was replaced by Danielle Banks. In October, Morrow left The Weather Channel, and was replaced by Ray Stagich. In November, Banks left for "Weekend Now" and "Weather Center Live", but was not replaced. +In July 2013, Eric Fisher left The Weather Channel, and was replaced by Reynolds Wolf. +On November 10, 2013, Weekend View aired its last broadcast. It was replaced by "Weather Center Live" on November 16, as part of the 2013 relaunch of The Weather Channel. + += = = Alicia Lemke = = = +Alicia Lemke (February 3, 1987 August 9, 2015) was an American singer. +Biography. +Lemke was born in Madison, Wisconsin. Her mother was Gale Lemke. She went to Shorewood Hills Elementary School, Blessed Sacramant School, and West High School. +In 2013, she opened for Fleetwood Mac. In 2013, she had also played at the Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival in Tennessee. In December 2013, she was diagnosed with a rare form of leukemia while she was on vacation in France. +She appeared in Eminem's 2017 album, "Revival" in the song, "Revival (Interlude)". The vocals were taken from an unreleased song sent to Eminem in 2012. +Death. +She died on August 9, 2015 from leukemia. + += = = Stuart B. Levy = = = +Stuart B. Levy (November 21, 1938 – September 4, 2019) was an American researcher and physician. He worked at Tufts University. He was among the first to advocate for greater awareness of antibiotic resistance and founded the Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics. Levy was born in Wilmington, Delaware. +Levy died on September 4, 2019 in Boston, Massachusetts of Parkinson's disease at the age of 80. + += = = Imata Kabua = = = +Imata Jabro Kabua (20 May 1943 – 17 September 2019) was a Marshallese politician. President of the Marshall Islands from 14 January 1997 to 10 January 2000. He became the Iroijlaplap of Kwajalein after the death of his cousin, Amata Kabua. Kabua was born in South Pacific Mandate, Empire of Japan. +Kabua died on 17 September 2019 in Honolulu, Hawaii at the age of 76. + += = = Irina Bogacheva = = = +Irina Petrovna Bogacheva (��������, ����� ��������; 2 March 1939 – 19 September 2019) was a Soviet-born Russian mezzo-soprano. She was a professor of singing at the St Petersburg State Conservatory. +She was a People's Artist of the USSR, recipient of the State Prize of the USSR, State Prize of the Russian Federation, Order For Services to the Fatherland IV Class, and Honorary Citizen of St Petersburg. + += = = Charles Gérard = = = +Charles Gérard (1 December 1922 – 19 September 2019) was a French actor and director. He appeared in more than fifty movies between 1957 through 2019. He worked with director Claude Lelouch in many movies. He was a close friend of Jean-Paul Belmondo for over 60 years. His best known movies were "The Toy"," Animal" and "". +Gérard died on 19 September 2019 in Paris at the age of 96. + += = = Bert Hellinger = = = +Anton "Bert" Hellinger (16 December 1925 – 19 September 2019) was a German psychotherapist. He worked with a therapeutic method best known as Family Constellations and Systemic Constellations. He was born in Leimen, Baden, Germany. In 1973, he left Germany for a second time and traveled to the United States to be trained for 9 months by Arthur Janov. + += = = Robert Boyd (journalist) = = = +Robert Skinner Boyd (January 11, 1928 – September 20, 2019) was an American journalist. He was born in Chicago. He spent most of his career working for the Knight Newspaper Group. +He and Clark Hoyt won a Pulitzer Prize in 1973 for discovering the fact that Senator Thomas Eagleton, George McGovern's choice for vice president, had had severe psychiatric problems and undergone three shock treatments. Instead of publishing their scoop, they told their findings to McGovern's top advisor, and Eagleton withdrew as the Democratic nominee. +Boyd died from congestive heart failure at a nursing home in Philadelphia on September 20, 2019 at the age of 91. + += = = Howard Cassady = = = +Howard Albert "Hopalong" Cassady (March 2, 1934 – September 20, 2019) was a professional American football running back. He won the Heisman Trophy in 1955. He was added into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1979. He played professionally in the National Football League (NFL) for eight seasons, seven of them for the Detroit Lions, with whom he won the 1957 NFL Championship Game. He briefly played for the Cleveland Browns and the Philadelphia Eagles. +Cassady was born in Columbus, Ohio. He studied at Ohio State University. Cassady died on September 20, 2019 at his home in Tampa, Florida at the age of 85. + += = = Séamus Hegarty = = = +Séamus Hegarty, D.D. (26 January 1940 – 20 September 2019) was an Irish Roman Catholic prelate. He was Bishop of Raphoe from 1982 to 1994, then as Bishop of Derry from 1994 to 2011. Hegarty was born in Kilcar, County Donegal, Ireland. +In November 2011, Hegarty was diagnosed with a "neurodegenerative disease" which forced him to resign from his job. The Holy See announced on 23 November 2011 that his resignation had been accepted. +Hegarty died on 20 September 2019 in Letterkenny, County Donegal, Ireland at the age of 79. + += = = Gregorio Martínez Sacristán = = = +Gregorio Martínez Sacristán' (19 December 1946 – 20 September 2019) was a Spanish Roman Catholic bishop. Martínez Sacristán was ordained to the priesthood in 1971. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Zamora in Spain from 2006 until his death in 2019. +Martínez Sacristán died on 20 September 2019 in Madrid at the age of 72. + += = = Yonrico Scott = = = +Yonrico Scott (October 6, 1955 – September 20, 2019) was an American drummer and percussionist. He was a longtime member of the Grammy winning The Derek Trucks Band. He was the bandleader of the Yonrico Scott Band, and later worked with the Royal Southern Brotherhood, with Cyril Neville. + += = = Su Beng = = = +Su Beng (9 November 1918 – 20 September 2019) (), whose given name was Shih Chao-hui (), was a Taiwanese dissident and political activist. He was born in Shirin Town, Taihoku Chō, Japanese Taiwan (modern-day Shilin District of Taipei, Taiwan). +He was known as the “Che Guevara of Taiwan". In April 1994, he began the Taiwan Independence Action motorcade, which he conceived as a way to raise the Taiwanese people’s political awareness. He fought for Taiwanese independence. +Su died in Taipei on 20 September 2019 of pneumonia at the age of 100. + += = = Marina Tsvetaeva = = = +Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva (; 31 August 1941) was a Russian-Soviet poet. Her work is thought to be some of the greatest in twentieth century Russian literature. +Life. +She lived through and wrote of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Moscow famine that followed it. +In an attempt to save her daughter Irina from starvation, she placed her in a state orphanage in 1919, where she died of hunger. +Tsvetaeva left Russia in 1922 and lived with her family in increasing poverty in Paris, Berlin and Prague before returning to Moscow in 1939. +Her husband Sergei Efron and her daughter Ariadna Efron (Alya) were arrested on espionage charges in 1941; her husband was executed. Tsvetaeva committed suicide by hanging hereself in 1941. + += = = Francesca Sundsten = = = +Francesca Sundsten (1960-Seattle,2019) was an american painter and wife of Bill Rieflin,member of King Crimson. + += = = Oui, oui, oui, oui = = = +"Oui, oui, oui, oui" (, "Yes, yes, yes, yes") is a song by French singer Jean Philippe. Pierre Cour and Hubert Giraud wrote it. The song was released as an EP and a single in 1959. It represented France in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1959. +Eurovision Song Contest 1959. +Selection. +"Oui, oui, oui, oui" participated in a national final organized by French broadcaster RTF in 1959. The song won it. For that reason, RTF sent it to represent France in the Eurovision Song Contest 1959. +In the contest. +The song competed in the contest. It was held in the Palace of Festivals and Conferences in Cannes, France, on 11 March 1959. Jean Philippe performed it. Franck Pourcel conducted the orchestra. +It was performed first, before Denmark's Birthe Wilke with "Uh, jeg ville ønske jeg var dig". In the end, the song received 15 points. It placed third out of 11. + += = = Fontanezier = = = +Fontanezier was a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011 the municipalities of Fontanezier, Romairon, Vaugondry and Villars-Burquin joined together to become the new municipality of Tévenon. + += = = Romairon = = = +Romairon was a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011 the municipalities of Fontanezier, Romairon, Vaugondry and Villars-Burquin joined together to become the new municipality of Tévenon. + += = = Villars-Burquin = = = +Villars-Burquin was a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011 the municipalities of Fontanezier, Romairon, Vaugondry and Villars-Burquin joined together to become the new municipality of Tévenon. + += = = Tévenon = = = +Tévenon is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011, the former municipalities of Fontanezier, Romairon, Vaugondry and Villars-Burquin merged to form the new municipality of Tévenon. + += = = Corcelles-près-Concise = = = +Corcelles-près-Concise is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Agiez = = = +Agiez is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Arnex-sur-Orbe = = = +Arnex-sur-Orbe is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois. + += = = Baulmes = = = +Baulmes is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Bavois = = = +Bavois is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Pomy, Switzerland = = = +Pomy is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Belmont-sur-Yverdon = = = +Belmont-sur-Yverdon is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Bioley-Magnoux = = = +Bioley-Magnoux is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Bofflens = = = +Bofflens is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Child World = = = +Child World was a toy store founded by "Sid Shneider" and "Joseph Arnesano who" opened the first store in Quincy Massachusetts in 1962. They founded the store inspired by the popularity of Toys "R" Us, which had already been around for a few decades and was favoured by most parents +Stores and Marketing. +In 1977, they took over ""Children's Palace"," another toy store founded in 1968, and became the second biggest toy store behind Toys R Us, who in some areas were located nearby of other stores. Their flagship store opened in 1989 in Framingham near the Shoppers World mall. The store was a success, and Child World attempted to change the layout of 11 other stores to match up with the store. But things started to fall for Child World in the 1990s. +Mascot. +In 1979, Child World introduced a mascot, Peter, a panda wearing overalls with his name on them. +Bankruptcy. +Toy makers stopped shipping to Child World stores, making it hard to keep toys on shelves, and many people working for Child World were fired and replaced by some people who formerly worked for Toys R Us who tried to save Child World. Child world filed for bankruptcy in May 1992 and closed half of its stores. Soon they discovered another toy store, Kiddie City, who was also having the same problems. They tried to merge Kiddie City with Child World while holding clearance sales on all 71 Child World stores. Child World says it's their only plan left of staying open. The July 12 deadline came and passed with no merger announcement, and the inventory clearance sale was now a going out of business sale. Despite this, merger talks continued in the hopes that they might be able to pull off a last-minute deal. However, on August 2, Child World announced that the plan failed and continued the process of shutting down the last 71 stores in the next 6 weeks. + += = = List of 100 Days to Heaven episodes = = = +This is a list of episodes of "100 Days to Heaven" which aired on ABS-CBN's "Primetime Bida" evening block from May 9, 2011 to November 18, 2011. The series was directed by Malu L. Sevilla, Jojo A. Saguin, and Don M. Cuaresma. +Series overview. +<onlyinclude> + += = = Islam in Assam = = = +Islam is the second largest and fastest growing religion in Assam. Assam is also home to a large number of Indian Muslims. According to the 2011 census, 36% of Assam's population is Muslim. According to the more late estimates 2021, 42% of the population could be Muslim now. 12 out of 32 districts of Assam is now Muslim majority and 5 districts have high Muslim population concentration. + += = = Malin Krastev = = = +Malin Krastev (; born 23 April 1970) is a Bulgarian actor and director. He is known for his movies "Stonehearst Asylum" (2014) and "The Petrov File" (2015). He is also known for his role as Storch on the television series "Magna Aura". He was born in Sofia. + += = = Ford Doolittle = = = +W. Ford Doolittle (born February 21, 1941 in Urbana, Illinois) is Professor Emeritus at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. +Doolittle is an evolutionary and molecular biologist. He is a member of the US National Academy of Sciences and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and other awards. +Doolittle studied cyanobacteria. He found evidence for the endosymbiont origins of chloroplasts. He has a theory for the initial evolution of eukaryotes. He has shown why horizontal gene transfer is important to prokaryotic evolution. +In 1981, Doolittle received notice for his article in "The CoEvolution Quarterly" entitled "Is Nature Really Motherly?". This was a criticism of J. E. Lovelock's formulation of the Gaia Theory. Doolittle's article is often cited by Lovelock's critics. +Doolittle thinks the idea of an all-encompassing Tree of Life is wrong. However, he is not a supporter of intelligent design. A "single" common ancestor and tree of all of life on Earth is not the only way evolution could have happened. + += = = René Huguenin Hospital = = = +The Hôpital René-Huguenin is a well-known hospital in Saint-Cloud, close to Paris. It was created in 2010. It is a partner of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines. + += = = Aron Eisenberg = = = +Aron Eisenberg (January 6, 1969 – September 21, 2019) was an American actor. He was born in Los Angeles, California. Eisenberg was known for his role as Nog on '. He appeared on "Tales from the Crypt", ', "Parker Lewis Can't Lose", "The Wonder Years", and "General Hospital". +Eisenberg died on September 21, 2019 in Los Angeles from a heart attack caused by kidney disease at the age of 50. + += = = Nashua, New Hampshire = = = +Nashua is a city in southern New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, Nashua had a population of 91,322. It is the second-largest city in the state and in northern New England after nearby Manchester. +Nashua is, along with Manchester, one of two seats of New Hampshire's most populous county, Hillsborough County. + += = = Woo Hye-mi = = = +Woo Hye-mi (; April 6, 1988 – September 21, 2019), also known by her stage name Miwoo (), was a South Korean singer. She was well known as one of the final four contestants from the first season of the South Korean talent show series "The Voice of Korea". +On 21 September 2019, Woo Hye-mi, aged 31, was found dead at her home in Seoul. + += = = Ibrahim El-Orabi = = = +Ibrahim Abdel Ghafour El Orabi (, ); 20 May 1931 – 18 September 2019) was an Egyptian Army Lieutenant General. He was the 13th and former Chief of Staff of the Egyptian Armed Forces from 1983 through 1987. He was a member of the Free Officers Movement. El-Orabi was born in El-Gharbeyya, Egypt. +El-Orabi died on 19 September 2019 in Cairo at the age of 88. + += = = Chet Baker = = = +Chesney Henry Baker Jr. (December 23, 1929 – May 13, 1988) was an American jazz trumpeter, pianist and singer. He was born in Yale, Oklahoma. He was known for his albums "Chet Baker Sings" and "It Could Happen to You". He was also known for his drug problems. Baker was in and out of jail before enjoying a career surge in the late 1970s and '80s. +Baker died after falling off a balcony from his Amsterdam apartment on May 13, 1988 while under the influence of heroin and cocaine at the age of 58. + += = = Jim Jarmusch = = = +James Robert Jarmusch (; born January 22, 1953) is an American movie director, screenwriter, actor, producer, editor, and composer. He directed "Stranger Than Paradise" (1984), "Down by Law" (1986), "Mystery Train" (1989), "Dead Man" (1995), "" (1999), "Coffee and Cigarettes" (2003), "Broken Flowers" (2005), "Only Lovers Left Alive" (2013), and "Paterson" (2016). + += = = Independence Day (India) = = = +Independence Day has been celebrated every year on 15 August since 15 August 1947. On that date, British India became an independent country, the Dominion of India. (The Dominion of India became today's Republic of India in 1950, on Republic Day.) +Mahatma Gandhi is one of those who served the country as a father and so he is called the father of the nation. Many times our freedom fighters were beaten and sent behind bars but they did not lose their confidence to fight for Indian Independence. +Apart from Gandhiji, Chandrashekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel, Dr Rajendra Prsad, Lal Bahadur Shastri, Subhash Chandra Bose, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and many others had to face the exploitation of Britishers. After a lot of struggles and difficulties, we got freedom from British rule. + += = = Bonvillars = = = +Bonvillars is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Bretonnières = = = +Bretonnières is a municipality in Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Bullet, Switzerland = = = +Bullet is a municipality in the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Grandevent = = = +Grandevent is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Fiez = = = +Fiez is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Giez = = = +Giez is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Sergey, Switzerland = = = +Sergey is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Mauborget = = = +Mauborget is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Suchy = = = +Suchy is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Mutrux = = = +Mutrux is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = The Addams Family (1991 movie) = = = +The Addams Family (1991) is an American movie based on the cartoon by Charles Addams and the TV series by David Levy. It was the first movie directed by Barry Sonnenfeld. A sequel was released in 1993. +Plot. +Gomez Addams (Raul Julia) misses his brother Fester (Christopher Lloyd), who left 25 years earlier after they had a big fight. Gomez's lawyer, Tully Alford (Dan Hedaya), owes money to Abigail Craven (Elizabeth Wilson), and notices that her adopted son, Gordon looks like Fester. Tully tells Gordon to pretend to be Fester to get close to the Addams family and find their riches. Tully and his wife, Margaret (Dana Ivey), join Grandmama to try to talk to Fester's ghost. Gordon arrives, pretending to be Fester, and Abigail tells the family Fester has been in the Bermuda Triangle. +Gomez takes him to the family vault to watch home movies from their childhood. Gordon learns that Gomez was jealous of Fester, and he dated the Amor twins to get even with Fester. Gomez starts to think that this is not the real Fester. Gordon tries to return to the vault, but can't get past a booby trap. Gomez's wife, Morticia (Anjelica Huston), threatens the fake Fester, saying how much the Addamses love family, and don't trust outsiders. +Gordon grows closer to the Addams family, particularly the children Wednesday (Christina Ricci) and Pugsley (Jimmy Workman), and he teaches them about swords for a school play. Fake Fester goes to the play, even though Abigail told him not to do so. After the play, Abigail says fake Fester must go away again, so the Addamses throw a large party. Wednesday hears Abigail and Gordon talking about plans to break into the vault. Tully learns that Fester, as the biggest brother, owns all of the Addams property. The Addamses' neighbor, Judge George Womack (Paul Benedict), helps the bad guys kick the Addamses out of their house. +Abigail, Gordon and Tully try and fail many times to get past the booby trap blocking the vault. The Addams family must move to a motel and get jobs. Morticia tries being a preschool teacher, Wednesday and Pugsley sell poisoned lemonade, and Thing (Christopher Hart)—the family's living hand—becomes a "delivery hand." Gomez is too sad to work. +Morticia returns to the Addams home and Abigail and Tully catcher her and punish her, trying to learn how to get in the vault. Thing sees them and tells Gomez. The Addamses rush to save Morticia. Abigail threatens to kill Morticia unless they give her their money. Gordon stops Abigail. He uses a magic book to make a storm hit the house. Lightening strikes his head and launches Tully and Abigail out a window and into graves Wednesday and Pugsley had dug. +Gordon's memory returns after the lightening strike, and he remembers that he was the real Fester all along. Morticia tells Gomez that she is pregnant. +Music score. +The soundtrack for "The Addams Family" features the song "Addams Groove" by MC Hammer. + += = = My Michigan = = = +"Michigan, My Michigan" is a popular anthem in the State of Michigan, and erroneously believed by many to be Michigan's official state song. The actual state song, "My Michigan", was formally adopted in 1937 but remains relatively obscure, due in part to the misconception that the official song is "Michigan, My Michigan." + += = = Sándor Sára = = = +Sándor Sára (28 November 1933 – 22 September 2019) was a Hungarian cinematographer and movie director. He directed 16 movies between 1962 and 2004. His movie "The Upthrown Stone" was listed to compete at the 1968 Cannes Film Festival. His other works include: "Ten Thousand Days" (1967), "Szindbád" (1971) and "80 Hussars" (1978). + += = = Ivan Kizimov = = = +Ivan Kizimov (; 28 May 1928 – 22 September 2019) was a Soviet-born Russian equestrian and Olympic champion. He was born in Novocherkassk. He won a gold medal in dressage at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, and a gold medal in team dressage at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. + += = = Patchur, Karaikal = = = +Patchur, Karaikal is a small revenue village (hamlet). It belongs to the Karaikal taluk, Karaikal district, Puducherry, India. This area is mostly famous for the Sri Dharmasasta Ayyapan Temple. This is the only Ayyapan temple in the Karaikal region. + += = = Anastasia Zavorotnyuk = = = +Anastasia Yuryevna Zavorotnyuk (; born April 3, 1971) is a Russian actress and television presenter. She was known for her role in the "My Fair Nanny" television show. Zavorotnyuk was born in Astrakhan, Russia. +In 2018, Zavorotnyul was diagnosed with glioblastoma. +On 13 September 2019, Zavorotnyuk was hospitalized for multiple organ failure and was in a coma. The next day, her cancer treatment stopped and was placed on a ventilator. + += = = Jevan Snead = = = +Jevan Bryce Snead (September 2, 1987 – September 21, 2019) was an American football quarterback. He played college football at Mississippi after sitting behind Colt McCoy for Texas. He was signed by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers as an undrafted free agent and then cut. Snead was also a pre-season member of the Tampa Bay Storm. +Snead died on September 17, 2019 in Austin, Texas at the age of 32. + += = = Jean-Claude Narcy = = = +Jean-Claude Narcy (born 16 January 1938) is a French journalist and news anchor. He has presented the daily news in the evening and at night on TF1. Narcy was born in Tours, Indre-et-Loire, France. Narcy was named Commander of the Legion of Honor in 2009. + += = = Alice Belaïdi = = = +Alice Belaïdi (born 18 March 1987) is a French actress. She has appeared in more than 20 movies and television shows since 2010. She is known for her roles in "The Gorillas" (2015), "Jailbirds" (2015), "Odd Job" (2016), and in the Netflix movie "The Climb" (2017). + += = = Madhav Apte = = = +Madhavrao Laxmanrao Apte (5 October 1932 – 23 September 2019) was a former Indian cricketer. He played in 7 Tests from 1952 to 1953. He was elected to the office of the President of the Cricket Club of India in 1989. Apte was born in Bombay. +Apte died on 23 September 2019 at a Mumbai hospital from cardiac arrest at the age of 86. + += = = Carl Ruiz = = = +Carl "The Cuban" Ruiz (April 4, 1975 – September 21, 2019) was a Cuban-American restaurant-owner and celebrity chef. He was born in Passaic, New Jersey. Ruiz was best known as a judge on many cooking competition shows on Food Network in the United States. He was also known for working with Guy Fieri and was a judge on his shows, including "Guy's Grocery Games" and "Guy's Ranch Kitchen". +Ruiz died in his sleep on September 21, 2019, of a suspected heart attack while visiting friends in Maryland, aged 44. + += = = Guy Fieri = = = +Guy Ramsay Fieri (, ; né Ferry; born January 22, 1968) is an American restaurateur, author, game show host, and an Emmy Award winning television personality. +He co-owns three restaurants in California, licenses his name to restaurants in New York City and Las Vegas, Nevada, and is known for hosting many television series on the Food Network. +By mid-2010, the Food Network had made Fieri the "face of the network". + += = = Power bloc = = = +In international relations, a power bloc is an association of groups, especially nations, having a common interest and acting as a single political force. + += = = Epoch (reference date) = = = +An epoch is the time that begins a calendar and is one of the things that defines a calendar, along with what the units of time are and how they fit into the calendar. The epoch could be called Year Zero, or Second Zero, or other names like that. + += = = Günter Kunert = = = +Günter Kunert (; 6 March 1929 – 21 September 2019) was a German writer and political commentator. Born in Berlin, he left the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) to live in the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany). He joined the main political party of East Germany, the Socialist Unity Party (SED) in 1948. +A poet, Kunert also wrote short stories, essays, autobiographical works, aphorisms, satires, fairy tales, science fiction, radio plays, speeches, travel writing, movie scripts, a novel, and a drama. +In the 1970s, he was a writing lecturer at the University of Texas at Austin. In 2009, Kunert won the America Award in Literature. +Life. +Kunert was born in Berlin. Kunert died in Kaisborstel on 21 September 2019 at the age of 90. +Awards. +Kunert was an honorary doctor of several universities in Italy and the United States. He was awarded the Heinrich Heine Prize of Düsseldorf in 1985, the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany in 2012 and the Kunstpreis of Schleswig-Holstein in 2014. + += = = Mack = = = +Mack may refer to: + += = = 9/11 (2002 movie) = = = +9/11 is a 2002 documentary about the September 11 attacks in New York, where two planes crashed into the buildings of the World Trade Center. The movie was directed by Jules and Gédéon Naudet and James Hanlon. + += = = Butene = = = +Butene is the third occurring chemical compound in the alkene series of compounds. It has the chemical formula C4H8. Butene is made in laboratories. Butane is formed from covalent bonds between hydrogen and carbon atoms. +There are four isomers, and all are gases at room temperature. +All four of these hydrocarbons have four carbon atoms and one double bond in their molecules, but have different chemical structures. The IUPAC and common names, respectively, of these chemical compounds are: + += = = Jan Merlin = = = +Jan Merlin (born Jan Wasylewski; April 3, 1925 – September 20, 2019) was an American character actor, screenwriter, and author. Merlin was born in New York City. His best known roles were "Hell Bent for Leather", "Guns of Diablo" (1965), "The St. Valentine's Day Massacre" (1967), "Take the Money and Run" (1969), "The Twilight People" (1972), "I Escaped from Devil's Island" (1973), "The Slams" (1973), "The Hindenburg" (1975) and "Time Trackers" (1989). +Merlin died on September 20, 2019 in Burbank, California at the age of 94. + += = = Alberto Fernández = = = +Alberto Ángel Fernández (born 2 April 1959) is an Argentine lawyer and politician who is the President of the Justicialist Party since 2021. He was also the 57th President of Argentina from 2019 to 2023. He was the Chief of the Cabinet of Ministers during Néstor Kirchner's presidency, and the early months of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner's. His tenure as Cabinet Chief from 2003 to 2008 remains the longest since the post was created in 1994. +In May 2019, Fernández announced his candidacy for president for the 2019 election. He was elected president in October 2019, beating incumbent President Mauricio Macri with a 48% to 40% vote count. +In April 2023, Fernández announced that he decided to not seek reelection to the presidency in the 2023 election. He was succeeded by Javier Milei, the current president, on 10 December 2023. + += = = Roberto Lavagna = = = +Roberto Lavagna (born 24 March 1942) is an Argentine economist and politician. He was Minister of Economy and Production from April 27, 2002 until November 28, 2005. + += = = Eduardo Duhalde = = = +Eduardo Alberto Duhalde (; born 5 October 1941) is an Argentine politician. He was the President of Argentina from 2002 to 2003. He also was the Vice President between 1989 to 1991 during the Carlos Menem presidency. + += = = Adolfo Rodríguez Saá = = = +Adolfo Rodríguez Saá (born 25 July 1947) is an Argentine Peronist politician. He was an interim President of Argentina between 23 December 2001 through 30 December 2001. + += = = Louisiana (New France) = = = +Louisiana () or French Louisiana was an administrative district of New France. It was under French control 1682 to 1762 and 1801 (nominally) to 1803 when France sold it in the Louisiana Purchase. The area was named after King Louis XIV by French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle. The area included most of the drainage basin of the Mississippi River, and it went from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico, and it went from the Appalachian Mountains to the Rocky Mountains. +Louisiana included two regions. These regions are now known as Upper Louisiana (), which began north of the Arkansas River, and "Lower Louisiana" (). Most of the French people in Upper Louisiana came from Canada. +The U.S. state of Louisiana is named for the historical region. Although it is only a small part of the vast lands claimed by France. + += = = Louisiana (New Spain) = = = +Louisiana () was an administrative district of the Viceroyalty of New Spain from 1763 to 1801. It included the area west of the Mississippi River basin, plus New Orleans. Spain got the territory from France, which had named it La Louisiane after King Louis XIV in 1682. It is sometimes called Spanish Louisiana. The district was given back to France, under the terms of the Third Treaty of San Ildefonso (1800) and the Treaty of Aranjuez (1801). In 1802, King Charles IV of Spain wrote a royal bill on 14 October. This changed the transfer and outlined the conditions. +However, Spain agreed to still run the colony until French officials came and made the transfer official (1803). The ceremony happened at the Cabildo in New Orleans on 30 November 1803. This was just three weeks before the formalities of cession from France to the United States pursuant to the Louisiana Purchase. + += = = Treaty of Aranjuez (1801) = = = +The Treaty of Aranjuez (1801) was signed on 21 March 1801 by France and Spain. It confirmed the terms of the secret Third Treaty of San Ildefonso dated 1 October 1800. That treaty said Spain would give its North American colony of Spanish Louisiana for territories in Tuscany. + += = = Chamblon = = = +Chamblon is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Champagne, Switzerland = = = +Champagne is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Baxter Springs, Kansas = = = +Baxter Springs is a city in Cherokee County, Kansas, United States. It is along the Spring River. In 2020, 3,888 people lived there. It is the biggest city in Cherokee County. +History. +One of the largest Osage bands was led by Chief Black Dog ("Manka - Chonka"). His men finished what became known as the Black Dog Trail by 1803. It started from their winter territory. This territory was east of Baxter Springs, and it went southwest to their summer hunting area at the Great Salt Plains in present-day Alfalfa County, Oklahoma. The Osage regularly stopped at the springs for healing on their way to summer hunting area. They made the trail by clearing it of brush and big rocks. They built ramps from the ground to the fords. The trail was the first improved road in Kansas and Oklahoma. It was big enough for eight horsemen to be riding side-by-side. +Geography. +Baxter Springs is at (37.023062, -94.734762). +The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that, is land and is water. +People. +2020 census. +The census of 2020 says that there were 3,888 people, 1,595 households, and 979 families living in Baxter Springs. Of the households, 63.9% owned their home and 36.1% rented their home. +The median age was 38.8 years. Of the people, 78.9% were White, 7.1% were Native American, 0.6% were Asian, 0.5% were Pacific Islanders, 0.4% were Black, 1.1% were from some other race, and 11.5% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.1% of the people. +2010 census. +The census of 2010 says that there were 4,238 people, 1,754 households, and 1,151 families living in Baxter Springs. + += = = Champvent = = = +Champvent is a municipality of the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. The former municipalities of Essert-sous-Champvent and Villars-sous-Champvent merged on 1 January 2012, into Champvent. + += = = Chanéaz = = = +Chanéaz was a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the municipalities of Chanéaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become the new municipality of Montanaire. + += = = 1896 United States presidential election = = = +The 1896 United States presidential election was the 28th presidential election in the United States. It happened on Tuesday, November 3, 1896. Former Governor William McKinley, the Republican candidate, defeated Democrat William Jennings Bryan. The 1896 campaign happened during an economic depression called the Panic of 1893. The election is considered to mark the change from the "Third Party System" to the "Fourth Party System". +Although, McKinley's 1896 nomination was his first time securing the nomination, he had received 10+ delegates in every convention since 1888. + += = = Chavannes-le-Chêne = = = +Chavannes-le-Chêne is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Rovray = = = +Rovray is a municipality in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is in the Jura-Nord vaudois district. On 1 January 2005 the former municipality of Arrissoules merged into the municipality of Rovray, which kept the name Rovray. + += = = Odawa = = = +The Odawa (also Ottawa or Odaawaa ) are an Indigenous American ethnic group. Their name means "traders". They are part of the Northeastern Woodlands cultures. Their language is part of the Algonquian language family. They mostly live in the northern United States and southern Canada. The US Government federally recognizes these Native Americans as a tribe. They have numerous recognized First Nations bands in Canada. They are one of the Anishinaabeg. They are related to but different from the Ojibwe and Potawatomi peoples. +History. +The Odawa may have come from some Hopewell traditions. The Odawa were historically grouped with the Ojibwe and Potawatomi. The three were allied in the Council of Three Fires. The fought against other tribes like the Iroquois and Dakota. +The Odawa were important in the fur trade. They traded beaver, deer, marten, raccoon, fox, otter, and muskrat. The Odawa got metal tools, cloths, weapons, jewelry and alcohol in return. The Odawa fought wars over trading. They fought against the powerful Mohawk and Iroquois in the Beaver Wars. +Many Natives later died from European diseases. The natives were not immune to these new diseases. +In 1752, the French Charles Langlade attacked the Miami people at Pickawillany with Odawa, Potawatomi, and Ojibwe. The Miami surrendered and handed over Englishmen for negotiations. The Odawa ate one Englishman and the Chief of the town. This was one of the events that led to increased tension in the Ohio Country. This eventually led to the French and Indian War between France and Britain. +The Odawa were together with the French against the British in the French and Indian War or Seven Years' War (1756-1763). Pontiac was an important Odawa chief. Chief Egushawa allied with the British during the American Revolution (1775-1783). +After the American Revolution, Odawa and other tribes fought against the United States in the Northwest Indian War. The natives lost this war and had to give up much land The Odawa gave lands in the Treaty of Greenville (1795). They gave up more land in the Treaty of Detroit (1807). After the Indian Removal Act of 1830, the remaining Odawa moved to Kansas. + += = = Valeyres-sous-Montagny = = = +Valeyres-sous-Montagny is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Gressy, Switzerland = = = +Gressy was a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. Gressy became part of the municipality of Yverdon-les-Bains on on 1 July 2011. + += = = Gressy = = = +Gressy is the name of two places in Europe: + += = = L'Abbaye = = = +L'Abbaye is a municipality in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland, in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the Vallée de Joux. Its name is from Lac de Joux Abbey, a Premonstratensian monastery. +Geography. +L'Abbaye is located on the eastern shore of the Lac de Joux at an elevation of between and . It is at the heart of the Vallée de Joux in the Jura. It includes also the villages of Les Bioux and Le Pont. +The municipality was part of the La Vallée District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and L'Abbaye became part of the new district of Jura-Nord vaudois. + += = = 3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard) = = = +The 3rd United States Infantry Regiment is a regiment of the United States Army. It currently has three active battalions. It's sometime called The Old Guard, as well as Escort to the President. The regimental motto is "Noli Me Tangere" (from Latin: – "Touch Me Not"). The regiment is a major unit of the Military District of Washington (MDW). +The regiment is the oldest active duty regiment in the US Army. It was first created as the First American Regiment in 1784. It has been the official ceremonial unit of the US Army since 1948. + += = = Zhuang people = = = +The Zhuang people (; ) are a Kra-Dai speaking ethnic group who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. Some also live in the Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou and Hunan provinces. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. With the Buyi, Tay–Nùng, and other northern Tai speakers, they are sometimes known as the Rau or Rao. Their population, estimated at 18 million people, makes them the largest minority in China. +References. +Sources. +A Senior City Police Officer Pursues His Roots In China, By Marvine Howe, New York Times, November 14, 1985. + += = = Henry Leavenworth = = = +Henry Leavenworth (December 10, 1783 – July 21, 1834) was an American soldier. He was active in the War of 1812 and early military actions against the Plains Indians. He created Fort Leavenworth in Kansas. Leavenworth, Kansas, Leavenworth County, Kansas, and the Leavenworth Penitentiary are named after him. + += = = Ojibwe = = = +The Ojibwe, Ojibwa, Chippewa, or Saulteaux are an Anishinaabe people of Canada and the United States. They are one of the biggest indigenous peoples north of the Rio Grande. In Canada, they are the second-biggest First Nations group. The only group bigger are the Cree. In the United States, they have the fifth-biggest number of people among Native American peoples. The only groups bigger are the Navajo, Cherokee, Choctaw and Sioux. +Most of the Ojibwe people live in the United States. There are 77,940 mainline Ojibwe; 76,760 Saulteaux; and 8,770 Mississauga, organized in 125 bands. They live from western Quebec to eastern British Columbia. , the US census says that there are 170,742 Ojibwe people. + += = = Squatting = = = +Squatting is when someone starts living on empty land or in an empty building (usually a residential building) which the squatter does not own, rent or have permission to use. Author Robert Neuwirth suggested in 2004 that there were one billion squatters in the world. +Most squatting is residential. Squatting usually happens when a poor and homeless population sees old property or land. +Freetown Christiania is enough popular place for squatters. +By Country. +United States. +In the United States, squatting laws are different from state to state and city to city. For the most part, it is not tolerated for long, especially in cities. +Community organizations have helped the homeless to take over empty buildings. It is done not only to change the building to be a place to live but also a part of bigger campaign to let people know about inequality in housing. They also do it to help get change in housing and land issues. + += = = Olof Thunberg = = = +Fritz-Olof Thunberg (21 May 1925 – 24 February 2020) was a Swedish actor and director. He was known for his deep voice and for his radio horror programs such as "Mannen i svart" ("The Men in Black"). He was also known as the voice of Bamse and Agaton Sax in children's movies and recordings. He also dubbed many Disney movies to Swedish. +His granddaughter is environmentalist youth activist Greta Thunberg. +Thunberg died on 24 February 2020 at his home in Nacka, Sweden at the age of 94. + += = = Harry Joseph Flynn = = = +Harry Joseph Flynn (May 2, 1933 – September 22, 2019) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis from September 8, 1995 to May 2, 2008, when his resignation was accepted by Pope Benedict XVI. He was born in Schenectady, New York. +Flynn died on September 22, 2019 from bone cancer in Saint Paul, Minnesota at the age of 86. + += = = J. Michael Mendel = = = +J. Michael "Mike" Mendel (September 24, 1964 – September 22, 2019) was an American television producer. He was a four-time Emmy Award winner for his works on "The Simpsons" and "Rick and Morty". He also produced "The PJs", "The Oblongs", "Drawn Together", "Sit Down, Shut Up", and "Napoleon Dynamite". +Mendel died suddenly on September 22, 2019 in Los Angeles, two days before his 55th birthday. + += = = Al Alvarez = = = +Alfred Alvarez (5 August 1929 – 23 September 2019) was an English poet, novelist, essayist and critic. He published under the name A. Alvarez and Al Alvarez. He was best known for his 1962 poetry anthology "The New Poetry". +Death. +Alvarez died of pneumonia on 23 September 2019 in London at the age of 90. + += = = Lennie Hoffmann, Baron Hoffmann = = = +Leonard Hubert "Lennie" Hoffmann, Baron Hoffmann, PC, GBS (born 8 May 1934) is a retired senior South African-British judge. He was a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary from 1995 to 2009. + += = = Donald Nicholls, Baron Nicholls of Birkenhead = = = +Donald James Nicholls, Baron Nicholls of Birkenhead, PC (born 25 January 1933), is a British lawyer. He was a Law Lord (Lord of Appeal in Ordinary). From 1998 to 2004, he was a Non-Permanent Judge of the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal. +He retired from the membership of the House of Lords on 3 April 2017. + += = = David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead = = = +James Arthur David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead, (born 27 June 1938) is a retired Scottish judge. He was the first Deputy President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom from 2009 until his retirement in 2013. He was on the Second Senior Lord of Appeal in Ordinary. +In 2015, he became the Convenor of the Crossbench peers in the House of Lords. + += = = Brenda Hale, Baroness Hale of Richmond = = = +Brenda Marjorie Hale, Baroness Hale of Richmond , known as Lady Hale (born 31 January 1945), is a British judge. She was President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom from 2017 to 2020. +In 2004, she joined the House of Lords as a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary. She is the only woman to have been appointed to this position. + += = = Curt Wittlin = = = +Curt Wittlin (13 April 1941 – 23 September 2019) was a Swiss philologist. He was an expert of medieval Catalan language and literature. In 1997 he became a member of the Institute of Catalan Studies and from 1990 to 1993 he was president of the North American Catalan Society. +Wittlin was born in Basel, Switzerland. He died on 23 September 2019 in Tortosa, Spain at the age of 78. + += = = Nash, North Dakota = = = +Nash is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Walsh County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 13 at the 2020 census. It was founded in 1890. +Nash is located at (48.470556, -97.513056). + += = = Phil Hardberger = = = +Phillip Duane Hardberger (born July 27, 1934) is an American politician, lawyer, and jurist. He was Mayor of San Antonio, Texas from 2005 through 2009. He is a Democrat, but he was elected on a non-partisan ballot. + += = = Ron Nirenberg = = = +Ronald Adrian Nirenberg (born April 11, 1977) is an American politician. He is the Mayor of San Antonio, Texas since 2017. He was a member of the San Antonio City Council for District 8 for two terms. He was sworn into office on June 21, 2017. + += = = Red Bay Castle = = = +Red Bay Castle () is located in County Antrim, Northern Ireland, on a piece of land projecting into the sea north of Glenariff located on the road to Cushendall. +History. +It was built by the Bissett family in the 13th century on the site of an earlier motte-and-bailey outpost of the Kingdom of Dál Riata. The Bissett family were stripped of their lands in Scotland and fled for their lives to Ireland after Walter de Bisset was accused of the murder of Patrick, Earl of Atholl, at Haddington, East Lothian in 1242. King Henry III of England granted Bisset large possessions in the Barony of Glenarm, Ireland. +John Mor MacDonald 1st of Dunnyveg married Margery Bissett of the Glens of Antrim, and acquired as a result the castle of Red Bay. His descendants known as the MacDonnells of Antrim extended and rebuilt the castle in the 16th century. In 1565, the castle was burned to the ground by Shane O'Neill, chief of the O'Neills of Tyrone; it was rebuilt by Sorley Boy MacDonnell, however later fell into disrepair. +In 1604 the castle was restored and was later destroyed by Oliver Cromwell in 1652 during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland. + += = = The Bronx (band) = = = +The Bronx is an American punk rock band from Los Angeles, California. It was created in 2002. The band's current line-up is vocalist Matt Caughthran, guitarists Joby J. Ford and Ken Horne, bass guitarist Brad Magers, and drummer Joey Castillo. The band have released five studio albums. They have also also released three more albums of mariachi music under the moniker of Mariachi El Bronx. +The original group of The Bronx consisted of Caughthran, Ford, bassist James Tweedy, and drummer Jorma Vik. + += = = Cheseaux-Noréaz = = = +Cheseaux-Noréaz is a municipality in Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Juriens = = = +Juriens is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Elaine Feinstein = = = +Elaine Feinstein (born as Elaine Coolin; 24 October 1930 – 23 September 2019) was an English poet, novelist, short-story writer, playwright, biographer and translator. She was born in Bootle, Lancashire. +She wrote 14 novels, many radio plays, television dramas and five biographies, including "A Captive Lion: the Life of Marina Tsvetaeva" (1987) and "Pushkin" (1998). "Ted Hughes: The Life of a Poet" (2001) was shortlisted for the biennial Marsh Biography Prize. +Feinstein died on 23 September 2019 at the age of 88. + += = = Cronay = = = +Cronay is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Lone Wolf, Oklahoma = = = +Lone Wolf is a town of Oklahoma in the United States. + += = = Battle of Marais des Cygnes = = = +The Battle of Marais des Cygnes was a battle during Price's Missouri Raid in the American Civil War. It happened on October 25, 1864, in Linn County, Kansas. It is also called the Battle of Osage, or the Battle of Trading Post. It was the first of three related actions on the same day. All three of those actions involved elements of Major General Sterling Price's Confederate Army of Missouri, and the Union's Provisional Cavalry Division commanded by Major General Alfred Pleasonton. + += = = Thomas Ewing Jr. = = = +Thomas Ewing Jr. (August 7, 1829 – January 21, 1896) was an attorney, the first chief justice of Kansas and leading free state advocate, Union Army general during the American Civil War, and two-term United States Congressman from Ohio, 1877–1881. He barely lost the 1880 campaign for Ohio Governor. +Civil War. +Ewing was responsible for General Order No 11. The Order was issued in response to William Quantrill's raid on Lawrence, Kansas, where 450 raiders shot and killed 150 men and boys. + += = = Column (periodical) = = = +A column is a recurring article in a newspaper, magazine or other publication. It is where a writer writes their own opinion in few columns given to them by the newspaper organization. Columns are written by columnists. + += = = Advice column = = = +An advice column is a column in a question and answer format. Usually, a reader writes to the media outlet with a problem in the form of a question. The media outlet gives an answer or response. The responses are written by an advice columnist. An advice columnist is someone who gives advice to people who send in problems to the media outlet. +"The Athenian Mercury" had the first known advice column in 1690. + += = = District of Louisiana = = = +The District of Louisiana, or Louisiana District, was an official, temporary, United States government designation for the part of the Louisiana Purchase that had not been organized into the Orleans Territory. It officially existed from March 10, 1804, until July 4, 1805, when it was incorporated as the Louisiana Territory. +On March 3, 1805, Congress passed a bill that organized the District of Louisiana into the Louisiana Territory. It started on July 4, 1805. The territorial government was organized in a way similar to the Indiana Territory. + += = = Concise = = = +Concise is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Corcelles-sur-Chavornay = = = +Corcelles-sur-Chavornay was a municipality of the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017 the municipalities of Corcelles-sur-Chavornay and Essert-Pittet joined to become the municipality of Chavornay. + += = = Essert-Pittet = = = +Essert-Pittet is a former municipality of the district of Jura-Nord vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017 the former municipalities of Essert-Pittet and Corcelles-sur-Chavornay merged into the municipality of Chavornay. + += = = Cuarny = = = +Cuarny is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Federal Emergency Relief Administration = = = +The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) was the name given by the Roosevelt Administration to the Emergency Relief Administration (ERA). President Franklin Delano Roosevelt had created it in 1933. FERA was created from the Federal Emergency Relief Act. In 1935, it was replaced by the Works Progress Administration (WPA). +From May 1933 until December 1935, FERA gave states and cities $3.1 billion (the equivalent of $55.4 billion in 2017). FERA provided work for over 20 million people and developed facilities on public lands across the country. + += = = Agricultural Adjustment Act = = = +The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) was a United States federal law of the New Deal era. it was designed to raise agricultural prices by having fewer surpluses. The Government bought livestock to kill, and they paid farmers subsidies not to plant on part of their land. The money for these subsidies was generated through a tax on companies which processed farm products. The Act created a new agency, the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, to oversee the distribution of the subsidies. + += = = Croy, Switzerland = = = +Croy is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Démoret = = = +Démoret is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Donneloye = = = +Donneloye is a municipality of the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 11 March 2007, the community decided to merge their municipality with those of the neighbouring Gossens and Mézery-près-Donneloye municipalities, with effect from 1 January 2008. On 1 January 2012, the former municipality of Prahins merged into Donneloye. + += = = Black bean = = = +Ebony bean may refer to a number of edible seeds: +Black bean may also refer to: + += = = Jackie Speier = = = +Karen Lorraine Jacqueline "Jackie" Speier (born May 14, 1950) is an American politician. She was a United States Representative for the California 14th congressional district from 2008 to 2023. Speier was born in San Francisco, California. +Speier is a former member of the California State Senate. She was elected to that office on April 8, 2008. She represented parts of San Francisco and San Mateo counties. +Speier was shot five times in 1978 while she worked with Leo Ryan during the Jonestown Massacre. Ryan was killed. +Speier ran in the Democratic primary for the Lieutenant Governor of California against the insurance commissioner John Garamendi. Garamendi won the race, getting 42.5% of the vote. Speier got 39.7% of the vote. +Speier supports abortion, same sex marriage and LGBT rights. She is a member of the United States Democratic Party. +Speier endorsed Hillary Clinton for President of the United States. + += = = Kaskaskia = = = +The Kaskaskia were one of the Native American tribes of the Northeastern Woodlands. They were one of about a dozen cognate tribes that made up the Illiniwek Confederation (also called the Illinois Confederation). They mostly lived in the Great Lakes region. Their first contact with Europeans happened in 1667 near present-day Green Bay, Wisconsin at a Jesuit mission station. +The descendants of the Kaskaskia, along with the Wea and Piankeshaw, are in the Peoria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma. That means they are a federally recognized tribe in Oklahoma. + += = = Otoe = = = +The Otoe (Chiwere: "Jiwére") are a Native American people of the Midwestern United States. The Otoe language, Chiwere, is part of the Siouan family, and it is related to that of the Iowa and Missouri tribes. +Historically, the Otoe Tribe lived as a semi-nomadic people on the Central Plains along the bank of the Missouri River in Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa and Missouri. They lived in elm-bark houses while they farmed. They used tipis when they traveled, like many other Plains tribes. They often left their villages to hunt buffalo. + += = = Kickapoo people = = = +The Kickapoo People (Kickapoo: Kiikaapoa or Kiikaapoi) are an Algonquian-speaking Native American and Indigenous Mexican tribe. "Anishinaabeg" say the name "Kickapoo" ("Giiwigaabaw" in the Anishinaabe language and its Kickapoo cognate "Kiwikapawa") means "Stands here and there." This may have referred to the tribe often moving around. The name can also mean "wanderer". +There are three federally recognized Kickapoo tribes in the United States: Kickapoo Tribe of Indians of the Kickapoo Reservation in Kansas, the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma, and the Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas. The Oklahoma and Texas bands are politically linked with each other. The Kickapoo in Kansas came from them being moved from southern Missouri in 1832 as a land exchange from their reservation there. Around 3,000 people are tribal members. + += = = Sauk people = = = +The Sac or Sauk are a group of Native Americans of the Eastern Woodlands culture group. They lived mostly in the region of what is now Green Bay, Wisconsin. This was when they were first met by the French in 1667. +They have three federally recognized tribes, together with the Meskwaki (Fox), in Iowa, Oklahoma and Kansas. + += = = Piankeshaw = = = +The Piankeshaw, Piankashaw or Pianguichia Indigenous Peoples are Native Americans and members of the Miami Indians. They lived away from the rest of the Miami nation, therefore they were known as Peeyankihšiaki ("splitting off" from the others, Sing.: "Peeyankihšia" - "Piankeshaw Person"). They live in an area that now includes western Indiana and Ohio. They are closely allied with the Wea Indians. Piankeshaw villages have been found along the White River in central Indiana, and along the Vermilion River in Illinois, near Ouiatenon. The Piankashaw were living along the Vermilion river in 1743. + += = = Bertha Holt = = = +Berta Marian Holt (February 5, 1904 – July 24, 2000) was the founder of the Holt International Children's Services. She created the organization around 1956. +Bertha Holt was also a nurse. She was known as Grandma Holt. +Holt was born in Des Moines, Iowa. She died after having a stroke at age 96 in Creswell, Oregon. + += = = Ingrid Aune = = = +Ingrid Johansen Aune (Stavanger, October 19, 1985-Namsos, August 1, 2019) was a Norwegian politician and politologist, mayor of the city of Malvik since 2015. She earned a degree in International Relations and Economics from the University of Oslo in 2010, later completing her studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States. +She died on August 1, 2019 in a boat accident on the outskirts of Namsos. She was 33 years old. + += = = Martina Gasparovič Bezoušková = = = +Martina Gasparovič Bezoušková (born January 9 1961, Prague) is a Czech theatre and film actress and teacher. +Biography. +Martina Gasparovič Bezoušková was born in Prague, Malá Strana, into an artistic family of the painter Ema Blažková (1924–2003) and Martin Gasparovič (1923–1989) as one of four children: sister Jana (* 1951), brother Lukáš (* 1953) and brother Marek (* 1954). From pre-school age, she devoted herself to classical ballet in the Ballet Preparatory School of the National Theater, tap dance, and she sang in the Czech Radio Children's Choir. Later she competed in ballroom dancing. +In 1976–1980 she studied dental laboratory at the Secondary Medical School in Prague. Subsequently, she was admitted to the Department of Dramatic Theater of the Theatre Faculty of the Academy of Performing Arts (DAMU), where she graduated in 1984. +Since 2014 she has been teaching stage speech at the Theatre Faculty of the Academy of Performing Arts. Since 2016, she has been teaching at the Faculty of Arts of Charles University in Prague at „University of the Third Age“ two programs: "Speak or not to speak" and "The road to success is paved with words". In 2018 she commenced her engagement as teacher at the Jan Deyl Conservatory and High School and also at the Prague International Conservatory. +She was featured in theatre and film as "Martina Gasparovičová", "Martina Gasparovičová-Bezoušková" or "Martina Bezoušková". +Family. +Her husband was Martin Bezouška (* 1955), a Czech screenwriter. They have four children together: Jan (* 1985), Patrik (* 1993), Anna (* 1996) and Jáchym (* 1998). + += = = Ependes, Vaud = = = +Ependes is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Essert-sous-Champvent = = = +Essert-sous-Champvent was a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2012, the former municipalities of Essert-sous-Champvent and Villars-sous-Champvent became part of the municipality called Champvent. + += = = Orbe = = = +Orbe is a small town in the Swiss canton of Vaud. It was the capital of the former district of Orbe and is now part of the district of Jura-Nord vaudois. The town is on the river of the same name. About 6,000 people live there. +The town has a coffee factory owned by Nestlé, a marionette museum, Roman ruins, and a late-Gothic church. + += = = Fontaines-sur-Grandson = = = +Fontaines-sur-Grandson is a municipality in the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = L'Abergement = = = +L'Abergement is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Grandson, Switzerland = = = +Grandson is a municipality in the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = La Praz = = = +La Praz is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Les Clées = = = +Les Clées is a municipality in the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Impeachment inquiry against Donald Trump = = = +An impeachment inquiry against Donald Trump began on September 24, 2019, when Nancy Pelosi, the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, announced in a televised speech the beginning of a formal impeachment inquiry into Donald Trump, the 45th president of the United States. +It began after President Trump and his personal attorney Rudy Giuliani repeatedly wanted the Ukrainian government to investigate Hunter Biden, the son of former vice president and 2020 presidential candidate Joe Biden, in what was seen as an attempt to hurt Biden's candidacy for president and for Trump to gain advantages in the 2020 election. +In July prior to the phone call with Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky, Trump stopped military aid to Ukraine; he released the hold in September. +Further revelations have been revealed, including; President Trump claiming to Russian officials in 2017 that he was unconcerned with Russian interference in the 2016 United States presidential election, U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo participating in the phone call to the Ukrainian President despite not being present in the released memo from the Trump Administration, as well as President Trump also pressuring Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison in a phone call to investigate the origins of the Mueller Report in an attempt to discredit it. +On October 28, 2019, Speaker Pelosi announced she would hold a floor vote on a resolution to formally establish the procedures for the impeachment hearings. On October 31, 2019, the House voted 232–196 to create procedures for public hearings. +The inquiry ended on December 3. On December 5, Nancy Pelosi asked the Judiciary Committee to draft articles of impeachment against President Trump. On December 16, the House Judiciary Committee released a report specifying criminal bribery and wire fraud charges as part of the abuse of power charge. The house voted to impeach Trump on December 18, 2019. On February 5, 2020 the Senate acquitted Trump on both count. The votes were 52-48 to acquit on the first count and 53-47 to acquit on the second count. + += = = First impeachment of Donald Trump = = = +The first impeachment of Donald Trump, the 45th President of the United States, began on September 24, 2019, after a whistleblower alleged that Trump had pressured foreign leaders. The scandal was about Trump telling Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky to investigate Hunter Biden and his father Joe Biden, a former vice-president and a candidate for the 2020 presidential election. It ended on February 5, 2020. +House trial. +The inquiry stage of Trump's impeachment lasted from September to November 2019. In October 2019, three Congressional committees (Intelligence, Oversight, and Foreign Affairs) deposed witnesses. +In November 2019, the House Intelligence Committee held a number of public hearings in which witnesses testified publicly. On December 3, the House Intelligence Committee voted 13–9 along party lines to adopt a final report. +A set of impeachment hearings before the Judiciary Committee began on December 4, 2019. On December 13, the House Judiciary Committee voted 23–17 along party lines to recommend two articles of impeachment: abuse of power and obstruction of Congress. The Judiciary Committee also released a report on the articles of impeachment on December 16. +The first hearing, held on December 4, 2019, was an academic discussion on the definition of an impeachable offense. The witnesses invited by Democrats were law professors Noah Feldman from Harvard, Pamela S. Karlan from Stanford, and Michael Gerhardt from the University of North Carolina. Republicans invited Jonathan Turley, a constitutional scholar at George Washington University. +On December 18, the full House approved the articles of impeachment, making Trump the third president in U.S. history to be impeached. +Senate trial. +On January 10, 2020, Speaker Nancy Pelosi announced that she had "asked Judiciary Committee Chairman Jerry Nadler to be prepared to bring to the Floor next week a resolution to appoint managers and transmit articles of impeachment to the Senate". +At the end of the January 21 session, the Senate voted along party lines to pass Mitch McConnell's proposed trial rules and reject 11 amendments proposed by Democrats. The prosecution's opening arguments and presentation of evidence took place between January 22–24. Trump's defense presentation began on January 25. The primary arguments were a lack of direct evidence of wrongdoing, and that Democrats were attempting to use the impeachment to steal the 2020 election. Under the U.S. Constitution, a two-thirds majority of the Senate is required to convict the president. +Verdict. +On February 5, 2020 the Senate acquitted Trump on both count. The votes were 52-48 to acquit on the first count and 53-47 to acquit on the second count. + += = = Le Chenit = = = +Le Chenit is a municipality in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the Vallée de Joux. + += = = Tom Polanic = = = +Thomas Joseph Polanic (April 2, 1943 – September 22, 2019) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. He was born in Toronto. Polanic played 19 games in the National Hockey League for the Minnesota North Stars between 1965 through 1977. He was born in Toronto. +Polanic died on September 22, 2019 in Toronto at the age of 76. + += = = Robert Hunter (lyricist) = = = +Robert C. Hunter (June 23, 1941 – September 23, 2019) was an American lyricist, singer-songwriter, guitarist, translator, and poet. He was best known for his work with the Grateful Dead. +Over the years Hunter wrote lyrics to a number of the band's signature pieces, including "Dark Star", "Ripple", "Truckin'", "China Cat Sunflower", and "Terrapin Station". Hunter was added into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame with the Grateful Dead in 1994. +Hunter died on September 23, 2019 at his home in San Rafael, California at the age of 78. He was recovering from surgery at the time of his death. + += = = Arroyo Grande, California = = = +Arroyo Grande is a city in San Luis Obispo County, California, United States. The population was 18,441 as of 2020. + += = = Artūras Rimkevičius = = = +Artūras Rimkevičius (14 April 1983 – 23 September 2019) was a Lithuanian footballer. He played as a striker. He was born in Kaunas. +Rimkevičius played for FK Tauras Tauragė, FBK Kaunas, FK Liepājas Metalurgs, FK Silute, FK Šiauliai, FK Bekentas, Atlantis FC. and Asteras Tripoli F.C.. He made his international debut against Latvia in June 2010, scoring three times for his country in seven caps, one against Estonia and two against Armenia. +Rimkevičius shot himself at his Kaunas apartment on 23 September 2019, aged 36. + += = = Arne Weise = = = +Arne Georg Fredrik Weise (28 February 1930 – 25 September 2019) was a Swedish journalist and television personality. He was known as one of SVT's most famous broadcasters. He worked at Sveriges Radio from 1952 and started working for SVT in 1979. He was born in Malmö. +On 25 September 2019, Weise died in his sleep, at the age of 89. + += = = Donald L. Tucker = = = +Donald Legrand Tucker (July 23, 1935 – September 24, 2019) was an American politician. He was born in Tallahassee, Florida. He was a member of the Florida House of Representatives between 1966 through 1978 and between 1975 through 1978, he was Speaker of the House. Tucker was a member of the Democratic Party. +Tucker died on September 24, 2019 at his Tallahassee home of cancer at the age of 84. + += = = Onnens = = = +Onnens is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = T. Terrell Sessums = = = +Thomas Terrell Sessums (June 11, 1930 – June 6, 2020) was an American politician. He was born in Daytona Beach, Florida. Sessums was the Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives from 1972 to 1974. Sessums was a member of the state house from 1963 through 1972. He is a member of the Democratic Party. From 1979 through 1988, he was Chair of the Florida Board of Regents. +Sessums died on June 6, 2020 in Tampa, Florida at the age of 89. + += = = Richard A. Pettigrew = = = +Richard Andrew Pettigrew (born June 10, 1930) is an American politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. Pettigrew was born in Charleston, West Virginia. He was in the Florida House of Representatives for the 97th district from 1963 to 1972. From 1971 to 1972, he was Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives. + += = = Ralph Turlington = = = +Ralph Donald Turlington, Sr. (October 5, 1920 – May 14, 2021) was an American politician. He was born in Gainesville, Florida. Turlington was a member of the Democratic Party. He was a member of the Florida House of Representatives between 1950 through 1975. Between 1967 through 1969, he was the Speaker of the State House. +Turlington died on May 14, 2021 in Winston-Salem, North Carolina at the age of 100. + += = = Fort Larned National Historic Site = = = +Fort Larned National Historic Site is a place that preserves Fort Larned. Fort Larned was a fort that was used from 1859 to 1878. It is about west of Larned, Kansas, United States. +History. +The Camp on Pawnee Fork was built on October 22, 1859. it was created to protect people along the Santa Fe Trail from angry American Indians. + += = = Le Lieu = = = +Le Lieu is a municipality in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is found in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the Vallée de Joux. + += = = Premier, Switzerland = = = +Premier is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Alfred Pleasonton = = = +Alfred Pleasonton (July 7, 1824 – February 17, 1897) was a United States Army officer and major general of volunteers in the Union cavalry. This was during the American Civil War. He led the Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Potomac during the Gettysburg Campaign. This would also include the biggest cavalry battle of the war, Brandy Station. +Early life. +Pleasonton was born in Washington, D.C., on July 7, 1824. + += = = Villars-Epeney = = = +Villars-Epeney is a municipality in the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Meskwaki = = = +The Meskwaki (sometimes spelled Mesquaki) are a Native American people. They are often called the Fox tribe. They are related to the Sauk people of the same language family. In the Meskwaki language, the Meskwaki call themselves "". This means "the Red-Earths". This is related to their creation story. Historically they lived in the Great Lakes region. They are part of the Northeast Woodlands. + += = = Wea = = = +The Wea were a Miami-Illinois-speaking Native American tribe. They were in western Indiana. They were related to the Miami Tribe. The name "Wea" is used today as the a shortened version of their many recorded names. The Wea name for themselves in their own language is "waayaahtanwa". This came from "waayaahtanonki", 'place of the whirlpool', where they were first recorded being seen and where they were living at that time. + += = = Peoria people = = = +The Peoria (or Peouaroua) are a Native American people. They are in the federally recognized Peoria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma. Historically, they were part of the Illinois Confederation. +Traditionally, the Peoria spoke a dialect of the Miami-Illinois language. The name "Peoria" comes from their autonym (name for themselves) in the Illinois language, "peewaareewa" (modern pronunciation "peewaalia"). It first meant "Comes carrying a pack on his back." No speakers of the Peoria language are alive; However, the Peoria Language (got people again who could speak some of the language, or) was revitalized in August 2022 by a 10-week online course that was made available by the tribe. + += = = Prahins = = = +Prahins was a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. The former municipality of Prahins merged on 1 January 2012 into the municipality of Donneloye. + += = = Boone's Lick Road = = = +The Boone's Lick Road or Boonslick Trail was an early 1800s transportation route. It went from eastern to central Missouri in the United States. It went east-west on the North side. It went along the Missouri River. The trail started in the river port of St. Charles. The trail was important in the westward expansion of the United States and the development of Missouri becoming a state. The trail ended at Franklin. Franklin was the start of the better-known Santa Fe Trail. First mapped by the sons of Daniel Boone, the path ended at a salt lick in Howard County used by the pair to manufacture salt. Today the lick is maintained as Boone's Lick State Historic Site. +Towns created along the trail include Franklin, Smithton, Columbia, Fulton, Williamsburg, and Warrenton and others. + += = = Lignerolle = = = +Lignerolle is a municipality of the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Mathod = = = +Mathod is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois, in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Molondin = = = +Molondin is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Potawatomi = = = +The Pottawatomi , also spelled Pottawatomie and Potawatomi (among many variations), are a Native American people of the Great Plains, upper Mississippi River, and western Great Lakes region. They traditionally speak the Potawatomi language. That language is part of the Algonquian family. The Potawatomi called themselves Neshnabé, a cognate of the word "Anishinaabe". The Potawatomi are part of a long-term friendship, called the Council of Three Fires, with the Ojibwe and Odawa (Ottawa). + += = = Montagny-près-Yverdon = = = +Montagny-près-Yverdon is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Montcherand = = = +Montcherand is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Arapaho = = = +The Arapaho (; , ) are a tribe of Native Americans in the Great Plains. They used to live on the plains of Colorado and Wyoming. They were close friends of the Cheyenne tribe. They were barely friends with the Lakota and Dakota. +History. +Early history. +Around 3,000 years ago, the ancestors of the Arapaho-speaking people ("Heeteinono'eino") lived in the western Great Lakes region. They lived there along the Red River Valley. This would be in what is present-day Manitoba, Canada and Minnesota, United States. The Arapaho were an agricultural people. They grew crops, including maize. +Language. +The Arapaho language is currently spoken in two different dialects. It is considered to be a part the Algonquian language family. There are only about 250 fluent speakers of Northern Arapaho. Most of them live on the Wind River Reservation in Wyoming. There are even fewer fluent Southern Arapaho speakers. All of them are very old. + += = = Novalles = = = +Novalles is a municipality of the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Fort Wise Treaty = = = +The Treaty of Fort Wise of 1861 was a treaty signed between the United States and six chiefs of the Southern Cheyenne and four of the Southern Arapaho Indian tribes. Many Cheyenne people hated this treaty because only a minority of Cheyenne chiefs had signed. They were also angry because those chiefs signed asking the rest of the tribe what they wanted. Different responses to the treaty were a reason why there was conflict between whites and Indians. This led to the Colorado War of 1864, including the Sand Creek Massacre. +Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851). +The 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie between the United States and various tribes including the Cheyenne and Arapaho says that the Cheyenne and Arapaho were supposed to have a very big amount of territory in the area between the North Platte River and Arkansas River and eastward from the Rocky Mountains to western Kansas. This area included present-day southeastern Wyoming, southwestern Nebraska, most of eastern Colorado, and the westernmost parts of Kansas. However, in November 1858, people found gold in the Rocky Mountains in Colorado (then part of the western Kansas Territory). This created a gold rush. A lot of white people went across Cheyenne and Arapaho lands. Colorado territory officials asked federal authorities to change the size of Indians lands in the treaty. In Fall 1860, A.B. Greenwood, Commissioner of Indian Affairs, came to Bent's New Fort along the Arkansas River to make a new treaty. +Treaty of Fort Wise (1861). +On February 18, 1861, six chiefs of the Southern Cheyenne and four of the Arapaho signed the Treaty of Fort Wise with the United States. This was at Bent's New Fort at Big Timbers. This was near what is now Lamar, Colorado. Lamar had been recently leased by the U.S. Government, and the name changed to Fort Wise. The Native Americans gave most of the lands given to them by the Fort Laramie treaty to the United States. + += = = Wichita State University football team plane crash = = = +On Friday, October 2, 1970 at 1:14 p.m. MDT in Colorado a chartered Martin 4-0-4 airliner crashed into a mountain eight miles (13 km) west of Silver Plume. It happened in clear weather. The twin-engined propliner carried 37 passengers and a crew of three; 29 were killed at the scene and two later died of their injuries while under medical care. It was operated by Golden Eagle Aviation. +It was one of two aircraft carrying the Wichita State University football team to Logan, Utah. They were going to Utah for a game against Utah State University. The other plane flew a normal route and arrived safely in Utah. Pilot errors, including bad in-flight choices and bad pre-flight planning, were officially reported as what caused the crash. + += = = Wichita State Shockers = = = +The Wichita State Shockers are the athletic teams that represent Wichita State University. They compete in the NCAA Division I. They are members of the American Athletic Conference. +Varsity sports. +A member of the American Athletic Conference, Wichita State University sponsors teams in seven men's and eight women's NCAA sanctioned sports. +Football team plane crash. +On October 2, 1970, the first plane carrying players and staff of the WSU football team took off from a Colorado airport after refueling. It was supposed to go to Logan, Utah for a game against Utah State University. It flew into a mountain valley too narrow to allow it to turn back. It crashed into a mountainside. This killed 31 of the 40 players, administrators and fans near a ski resort away from Denver. President Richard Nixon sent the president of the university a note which read, "Our thoughts and prayers go out to you in this time of sorrow." + += = = Spiro, Oklahoma = = = +Spiro is a town of Oklahoma in the United States. + += = = Meridian, Texas = = = +Meridian is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Bosque County. + += = = Cravant = = = +Cravant is the name or part of the name of several communes in France: + += = = Orges, Switzerland = = = +Orges is a municipality of the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Vugelles-La Mothe = = = +Vugelles-La Mothe is a municipality of the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Aliweb = = = +ALIWEB (Archie Like Indexing for the Web) is considered the first search engine, as it was the first that allowed you to search for web pages. It was announced in November 1993. by the website maker Martijn Koster, and shown in May 1994. + += = = Leipziger Messe = = = +The Leipzig Trade Fair is a major trade fair in Germany + += = = Kansas State Wildcats = = = +The Kansas State Wildcats (variously "Kansas State", "K-State", or "KSU") are the athletic teams for Kansas State University. The official color of the teams is Royal Purple. This makes Kansas State one of very few schools (as well as Syracuse and Harvard) that have only one official color; white and silver are generally used as complementary colors. +Sports sponsored. +Football. +Kansas State's football team officially started playing in 1896 with a 14–0 loss to Fort Riley on November 28, 1896. + += = = Missouri Tigers football = = = +The Missouri Tigers football program represents the University of Missouri (often referred to as Mizzou) in college football. It competes in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Since 2012, Missouri has been a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). It is currently in its Eastern Division. Home games are played at Faurot Field ("The Zou") in Columbia, Missouri. + += = = 1911 Kansas vs. Missouri football game = = = +The 1911 Kansas vs. Missouri football game was a college football game between the University of Kansas and the University of Missouri. It was played on November 25, 1911 at Rollins Field in Columbia, Missouri. It is considered to be the first college football homecoming game ever played. + += = = 1890 Kansas vs. Baker football game = = = +The 1890 Kansas vs. Baker football game was an American college football game. It was between the team of the University of Kansas and the team of Baker University. It was played on November 22, 1890 in Baldwin City, Kansas. The game ended with Baker winning 22–9. It was the first college football game played in the state of Kansas. + += = = 1905 Cooper vs. Fairmount football game = = = +The 1905 Cooper vs. Fairmount football game was a college football game. It was between Cooper College (now the Sterling College) and (now Wichita State University). It was played on October 6, 1905, at Association Field in Wichita. The game was played at night under gas lamps as a demonstration by the Coleman Company. It was the first night football game played west of the Mississippi River. Fairmount won by a score of 24–0. + += = = 1939 Nebraska vs. Kansas State football game = = = +The 1939 Kansas State Wildcats football team represented Kansas State University in the 1939 college football season. The Wildcats finished the season with a 4–5 record with a 1–4 record in conference play. The Wildcats scored 107 points and gave up 108 points. +Homecoming game against Nebraska. +Kansas State played the Nebraska Cornhuskers on October 28, 1939. This game was the first college football homecoming game ever shown on television. It was also the second ever televised college football game and the first televised game west of New York City. +Kansas State scored first with a field goal. Two minutes later Nebraska took the lead. Nebraska won the game 25–9. +Nebraska entered the game a 12–5 favorite. The matchup was considered to be important to the outcome of the Big Six Conference championship. Nebraska ended the game as one of ten college teams in the nation that were unbeaten up to that point. + += = = Asma al-Assad = = = +Asma Fawaz al-Assad (, ; , : ; born 11 August 1975) is the First Lady of Syria since 2000. +She was born and raised in London to Syrian parents. She is married to the 19th and current President of Syria, Bashar al-Assad. + += = = Black Sunday (storm) = = = +Black Sunday refers to a very bad dust storm that happened on April 14, 1935. The storm happened as part of the Dust Bowl. It was one of the worst dust storms in American history. It caused a lot of economic and agricultural damage. It is estimated to have moved 300 million tons of topsoil from the prairie area in the US. + += = = Jesus water miracle = = = +Jesus water miracle is the so called miracle in which statue of Jesus was weeping at Mumbai. People rushed to collect the 'holy water' and thus, police were called to manage the situation. Later, Indian rationalist, Sanal Edamaruku had proved that the so called holy water was actually weeping due to faulty sewage system. + += = = Sainte-Périne - Rossini - Chardon-Lagache Hospital = = = +The Hôpital Sainte-Périne - Rossini - Chardon-Lagache is a well-known hospital in Paris. It was created in 1807. It is a partner of Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines. + += = = Windshield = = = +The windshield (American English) or windscreen (Commonwealth English) is the front window of a vehicle. It lets drivers see out while at the same time protecting passengers and the driver from weather. Aircraft, cars, buses, motorbikes or trams can all have windshields. +Windshields on cars and aircraft are designed to protect the vehicle against wind and flying debris (such as dust, rocks, and insects). Windshields on motorbikes are designed to shield the driver from wind, though it doesn't protect as much as other vehicle windshields do. +Modern windshields are generally made of laminated safety glass, a type of treated glass. The laminated safety glass used for vehicles is made of two curved sheets of glass with a plastic layer between them. This laminated safety glass is then joined into the window frame. +Motorbike windshields are different to the ones found on cars or aircraft. Motorbike windshields are often made of high-impact polycarbonate or acrylic plastic. +History. +Before laminated safety glass, vehicles used ordinary window glass as a windshield. However, ordinary window glass can shatter if the vehicle had a massive physical impact, which would produce flying sharp pieces of glass that can injure people. On 1917, Henry Ford developed the laminated safety glass from the French, which would help prevent broken glass from shattering. Modern windshields were developed from Ford's developments. + += = = Archaic period (North America) = = = +In the classification of the , the Archaic period or "Meso-Indian period" in North America, starts from about 8000 BC, and it ends at about 1000 BC. In the sequence of North American pre-Columbian cultural stages, is a period defined by the "archaic stage" of cultural development. +The Archaic stage is characterized by subsistence economies. These economies were supported through the use of nuts, seeds, and shellfish. Because it ended when people started using sedentary farming, this date can be different by a lot across the Americas. +The rest of the Americas also have an Archaic Period. +Classifications. +This classification system was first proposed by Gordon Willey and Philip Phillips in the widely accepted 1958 book "Method and Theory in American Archaeology". +In the organization of the system, the Archaic period is after the Lithic stage. The Archaic period is before the Formative stage. + += = = Thatching = = = +Thatching is building a roof with dry vegetation such as straw, reeds, sedge ("Cladium mariscus"), rushes, heather, or palm branches. The vegetation is put on top of each other so as to make sure water stays away from the inner roof. +Thatch can occasionally catch fire. This is one reason for its replacement by slates in modern buildings. Ceramic slates for roofing can be made by industry, and have replaced natural slates in modern housing. Thatched rooves were once a source of fires, but slates are fireproof. That explains the gradual decline in thatched rooves. + += = = Orzens = = = +Orzens is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Provence, Switzerland = = = +Provence is a municipality in Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Rances = = = +Rances is the name of two places in Europe: + += = = Rances, Switzerland = = = +Rances is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Fort Orleans = = = +Fort Orleans (sometimes referred to Fort D'Orleans) was a French fort in colonial North America. It was the first fort on the Missouri River built by any Europeans on the Missouri River. It was built near the mouth of the Grand River near present-day Brunswick. The fort was occupied from 1723 to 1726. It was the first multi-year European settlement in what is today the U.S. state of Missouri. +History. +The fort was built on November 9, 1723. 40 French soldiers were supposed to be there. + += = = Étienne de Veniard, Sieur de Bourgmont = = = +Étienne de Veniard, Sieur de Bourgmont (April 1679 – 1734) was a French explorer. He wrote about his travels on the Missouri and Platte rivers in North America. He made the first European maps of these areas in the early 18th century. He wrote two accounts of his travels, which included descriptions of the Native American tribes he encountered. In 1723, he built Fort Orleans, the first European fort on the Missouri River, near the mouth of the Grand River and present-day Brunswick, Missouri. In 1724, he led an expedition to the Great Plains of Kansas to create trading relations with the Padouca (Apache Indians). + += = = 37th parallel north = = = +The 37th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 37 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Africa, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean. +At this latitude, the sun can be seen for 14 hours, 42 minutes during the summer solstice and 9 hours, 37 minutes during the winter solstice. This is about the northern limit of the visibility of Canopus, the second-brightest star of the night sky. +Around the world. +Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 37° north passes through: +United States. +In the United States, the parallel is the southern borders of Utah, Colorado, and Kansas, and the northern borders of Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. The border comes from the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 when Congress divided Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska north of the 37th parallel. They gave the rest to the Indian Territory to the south. + += = = Villars-sous-Champvent = = = +Villars-sous-Champvent was a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. The former municipalities of Essert-sous-Champvent and Villars-sous-Champvent merged on 1 January 2012 into the municipality of Champvent. + += = = 40th parallel north = = = +The 40th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 40 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean. +At this latitude, the sun can be seen for 15 hours, 1 minute during the summer solstice and 9 hours, 20 minutes during the winter solstice. +Around the world. +Starting in Spain at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 40° north passes through: +United States. +The parallel 40° north forms the boundary between the states of Kansas and Nebraska. On 30 May 1854, the Kansas–Nebraska Act created the Territory of Kansas and the Territory of Nebraska divided by the parallel 40° north. + += = = Sainte-Croix, Switzerland = = = +Sainte-Croix is a municipality in Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Suscévaz = = = +Suscévaz is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Treycovagnes = = = +Treycovagnes is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Tony Xia = = = +Tony Xia () is a Chinese businessman and the former chairman of English football team, Aston Villa F.C. + += = = Ursins = = = +Ursins is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Parallel 36°30′ north = = = +The parallel 36°30′ north is a circle of latitude that is 36 and one-half degrees north of the equator of the Earth. This parallel of latitude is very important in the history of the United States. This is because it was the line of the Missouri Compromise, which was used to divide the slave and free states west of the Mississippi River, with the exception of Missouri, which is mostly north of this parallel. +Around the world. +Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 36°30′ north passes through: + += = = Valeyres-sous-Rances = = = +Valeyres-sous-Rances is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Lyle Yost = = = +Lyle E. Yost (March 5, 1913 – April 5, 2012) was an American agriculture equipment manufacturer and inventor. +Yost was the designer and inventor of the 1947 unloading auger, the catalyst for the development of Hesston Manufacturing in Hesston, Kansas. The device was used to unload grain from farm combines. The company's controlling stake was sold to Italian corporation Fiat Trattori in 1977. Fiat Trattori bought the rest of Hesston Manufacturing in 1987. In 1991, a year after being created, AGCO Corporation bought the rights to Hesston Manufacturing. +Yost's success in the agriculture industry led to multiple awards and accolades. This included articles of his success in "Fortune" and "Forbes". + += = = AGCO = = = +AGCO Corporation is an American agricultural equipment manufacturer. Their headquarters are in Duluth, Georgia, United States. +History. +AGCO was created in 1990 when executives at Deutz-Allis bought out Deutz-Allis North American operations from the parent corporation KHD (Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz). KHD was a German company that owned the Deutz-Fahr brand of agriculture equipment. KHD had bought parts of the Allis-Chalmers agricultural equipment business five years earlier. +In March 1991, AGCO bought the Hesston Corporation.<ref name="AGCO-Jul-1996-S-4/A"></ref> Because of this, they gained hay and forage equipment as well as technologies such as the grain auger (used to unload grain quickly from combines), invented in 1947 by Lyle Yost. Hesston had a 50 percent joint venture with Case International, now a part of CNH Global. AGCO bought the White Tractor line from the Allied Corporation's White-New Idea company. In 1993, AGCO bought the rest of White-New Idea, gaining New Idea hay equipment and manure spreaders, and White planters. White New Idea had a big manufacturing plant in Coldwater, Ohio, USA. +In 2013, AGCO’s GSI acquired Johnson System, a manufacturer of catwalks and towers. +In 2017, AGCO acquired Precision Planting, LLC, a planting equipment and technology business. + += = = Valeyres-sous-Ursins = = = +Valeyres-sous-Ursins is a municipality in Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Vallorbe = = = +Vallorbe is a municipality in Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Vaulion = = = +Vaulion is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Vuiteboeuf = = = +Vuiteboeuf is a municipality in Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Yvonand = = = +Yvonand is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Cheseaux-sur-Lausanne = = = +Cheseaux-sur-Lausanne is a municipality in Lausanne in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is a suburb of Lausanne. + += = = Epalinges = = = +Epalinges is a municipality of the district of Lausanne in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. +It is a suburb of the city of Lausanne. + += = = Jouxtens-Mézery = = = +Jouxtens-Mézery is a municipality in Lausanne in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. +It is a suburb of the city of Lausanne. + += = = Le Mont-sur-Lausanne = = = +Le Mont-sur-Lausanne is a municipality in Lausanne in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. +It is a suburb of the city of Lausanne. + += = = Romanel-sur-Lausanne = = = +Romanel-sur-Lausanne is a municipality of the district Lausanne in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. +It is a suburb of the city of Lausanne. + += = = 1951 Central Missouri State vs. Southwestern football game = = = +The 1951 Central Missouri State vs. Southwestern football game was a college football game between the Central Missouri State Mules and the Southwestern Moundbuilders. It was played on September 14, 1951. The game was played at Sonner Stadium in Winfield, Kansas. The game is known for a team rejecting a touchdown awarded by the game officials. +Central Missouri's head coach Tate C. Page called it "the finest act of sportsmanship" that he ever saw. In the third quarter, Southwestern halfback Arthur Johnson completed a long run down the sidelines nearest Southwestern's bench. The referee signaled a touchdown. The crowd of 2,000 cheered. +Southwestern's head coach Harold Hunt ran out on the field to shout, "Southwestern rejects the touchdown!" He then told the officials that Johnson had stepped out of bounds. This would undo the touchdown. None of the referees had seen this happen, but they agreed to undo the touchdown. They put the ball back to the place where Coach Hunt said Johnson had stepped out. A photo of the run later showed Coach Hunt was correct. It was published in the Winfield Daily Courier. +Referee W. P. Astle noted that there had been only three officials at the game instead of the regulation four. He later said, "If the fourth official had been present to cover what was impossible for me to cover ... I would never have discovered the ‘biggest’ man I ever met." +Southwestern's Coach Hunt was nominated for "Football's Man of the Year" by This Week magazine. This was because he showed so much sportsmanship. + += = = Southwestern Moundbuilders = = = +The Southwestern Moundbuilders are the athletic teams that represent Southwestern College in Winfield, Kansas. They are part of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). They compete in the Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference (KCAC). +Accomplishments. +The school boasts the following accomplishments: + += = = 1905 Washburn vs. Fairmount football game = = = +The 1905 Washburn vs. Fairmount football game was a college football game between Fairmount College (now called Wichita State University) and the Washburn Ichabods. It was played on December 25, 1905, in Wichita, Kansas. It was the first experiment with the forward pass. It was also the first experiment with the ten-yard requirement for first downs. It is unclear if the game was considered "regular season", "post season", or "exhibition" in classification. +Game play. +Fairmount college was coached by Willis Bates. The head coach for Washburn that season was John H. Outland. However, since he was officiating, it is likely that the coaching job was given to assistant coach (and next year's head coach) Garfield Weede. The game ended in a 0–0 tie. +The weather for the game were good, but neither side was able to get close to the other team's goal except by a punt. Only seven first downs were made the entire game—four by Washburn and three by Fairmount. Most of the game was played in the middle of the field. The fans were upset. +New rule test. +Safer but not "conducive". +Both teams had played a previous game that same season. What made this second game different was that it was a test of a different way to play. During the game, each team's offense was required to gain ten yards in three downs instead of four to earn a new first down. +The experiment was considered a failure. Football legend John H. Outland officiated the game and said, "It seems to me that the distance required in three downs would almost eliminate touchdowns, except through fakes or flukes." The "Los Angeles Times" said that there was much kicking and that the game was considered much safer than regular play, but that the new rule was not "conducive to the sport." +Impact. +Three days later, 62 schools met in New York City to discuss rule changes to make the game safer. As a result of that meeting, the Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States, later named the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), was created. Several other rule changes were made to make the game safer for players, including the addition of the forward pass. +First forward pass. +In his history of the sport of football, David M. Nelson said that "the first forward passes were thrown at the end of the 1905 season in a game between Fairmount and Washburn colleges in Kansas." Nelson says that Washburn did three passes, and Fairmount did two. Credit for the first pass goes to Fairmount's Bill Davis, who did a pass to Art Solter. + += = = Harold Hunt (coach) = = = +Harold Seymore Hunt (December 12, 1907 – November 1, 1992) was an American football and basketball coach. He got nationwide exposure as an example of sportsmanship when he rejected a touchdown that would have won a game for his team. +Football. +Hunt was the 13th head football coach for the Southwestern College in Winfield, Kansas. He was coach for three seasons, from 1949 to 1951, and compiled a record of 6–18–3 + += = = Washburn Ichabods = = = +The Washburn Ichabods are the athletic teams that represent Washburn University in Topeka, Kansas. They are named after Ichabod Washburn. The Ichabods are a member of the NCAA Division II and the Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association. + += = = Independence Producers = = = +The Independence Producers were a minor league baseball team based in Independence, Kansas, United States. They played from 1921 to 1925 and from 1928 to 1932. From 1921 to 1924, they played in the Southwestern League, and in 1925 they played in the Western Association. They played in the Western Association from 1928 to 1932 as well. The 1921 Producers were recognized as one of the 100 greatest minor league teams of all time. Perhaps their most notable alumnus was Cy Blanton. Glenn Wright, another notable Producer, made an unassisted triple play when playing Major League Baseball in 1925. +History. +A historical marker says that the first night game in organized baseball was played in Independence on April 28, 1930, between the Independence Producers and the Muskogee Chiefs. + += = = Sterling Warriors = = = +The Sterling Warriors are the athletic teams that represent Sterling College in Sterling, Kansas. They are part of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). They compete in the Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference (KCAC). +Football. +Football at Sterling finished the 2009 season with a fourth-place finish in the conference. They had a 6–4 record. Chuck Lambert is the program's current head coach, succeeding his brother Andy, the new coach at Southern Nazarene, Okla. Notable former athletes include actor Clarence Gilyard. +During the 1905 season, the Coleman Company set up temporary gas-powered lighting for a night game against Fairmount College (now called Wichita State University). It was the first night football game played west of the Mississippi River. Fairmount won the game 24–0. + += = = AGA cooker = = = +The AGA cooker is a heat storage stove and cooker. The heavy frame is made of cast iron and absorbs heat from a low-intensity source. Originally, AGAs burnt coke or anthracite. Later versions used gas as the heat source. +The heat is used for cooking. It was invented and initially produced in Sweden. From 1957 all production has been in the United Kingdom. +The cast-iron parts were cast at the Coalbrookdale foundry in the 1940s. They were still made there by the Aga Rangemaster Group until November 2017 when the company closed the site. +Owners often talk about how the AGA actually makes their homes more energy efficient. The AGA does a number of jobs: it replaces several radiators, a tumble dryer, electric kettle and toaster. It is not just a cooker. +The company which makes AGAs also makes other stoves, such as the Rayburn range. It is the Aga Rangemaster Group, which was taken over by the US company Middleton Corporation in 2015. + += = = El Quartelejo Ruins = = = +El Quartelejo, or El Cuartelejo (from Spanish "cuartelejo", meaning "far quarter or district"), is the name given to the archeological ruins of the northernmost Indian pueblo. It is the only known pueblo in Kansas. It is in Lake Scott State Park. The ruins of the stone and adobe pueblo are north of Scott City, Kansas, on Ladder Creek. + += = = United States House Committee on Territories = = = +The United States House Committee on Territories was a committee of the United States House of Representatives from 1825 to 1946 (19th to 79th Congresses). Its job was to report on a variety to topics related to the territories. This would include legislation about them, and their admission as new states. + += = = Gossens = = = +Gossens was a municipality in Yverdon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It became part of neighbouring Donneloye on 1 January 2008. +It is on the main road between Yverdon and Moudon. The economy is mostly agricultural. + += = = Mézery-près-Donneloye = = = +Mézery-près-Donneloye was a municipality in Yverdon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2008, it joined together with Donneloye and Gossens to become one municipality called Donneloye. + += = = Berlin Tegel Airport = = = +Berlin Tegel Airport () was the main international airport of Berlin, the capital of Germany. It formerly served West Berlin. The airport had the IATA Airport Code TXL. It was referred to as the "Frequent Flyer Airport". +The airport was named after Otto Lilienthal and was the fourth busiest airport in Germany, with 20.5 million passengers in 2017 and about 22 million in 2018. The airport was a hub for Eurowings as well as a base for EasyJet. It is in Tegel, a part of the northern borough of Reinickendorf, northwest of the city centre of Berlin. +The airport had its last flight on 8 November 2020. Traffic was redirected to the new Berlin Brandenburg Airport until this date. Tegel was decomissioned on 4 May 2021. + += = = Thierrens = = = +Thierrens was a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Chanéaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become one new municipality called Montanaire. + += = = Montilliez = = = +Montilliez is a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011, the former municipalities of Dommartin, Naz, Poliez-le-Grand and Sugnens joined together to become one new municipality called Montilliez. + += = = William Levada = = = +William Joseph Levada (June 15, 1936 – September 26, 2019) was an American cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. +From May 2005 until June 2012, he was Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith under Pope Benedict XVI. He was the Archbishop of Portland (Oregon) from 1986 to 1995, and then Archbishop of San Francisco from 1995 to 2005. +Levada died on September 26, 2019, in Rome at the age of 83. + += = = Vytautas Briedis = = = +Julius Vytautas Briedis (27 August 1940 – 22 September 2019) was a Lithuanian rower. He finished fifth and third at the 1964 and 1968 Summer Olympics. +Briedis died on 22 September 2019 in Vilnius. + += = = Topeka Constitution = = = +The Topeka Constitutional Convention met from October 23 to Nov 11, 1855 in Topeka, Kansas Territory at Constitution Hall. It wrote the Topeka Constitution that would have made slavery in Kansas illegal. The convention was organized by Free-Staters to go against the pro-slavery Territorial legislature elected March 5, 1855. The territorial legislature was elected in polling that had a lot of electoral fraud and the intimidation of free state settlers. +The Topeka Constitution was the first effort to create a Kansas governmental structure and write its basis in law. Free-State people passed the constitution on December 15, 1855. The constitution was sent to Washington. They really wanted the U.S. Congress to pass it. President Pierce hated the document. It was presented in the Senate by Senator Lewis Cass of Michigan and in the House by Representative Daniel of Indiana. It passed the House by two votes on July 2. However, it was held in committee by the Senate. On July 8, Senator Stephen A. Douglas took up the Topeka Constitution in a bill counter to Senator Cass. Cass sent the issue back to the people of Kansas to follow the Kansas-Nebraska Act. + += = = Leavenworth Constitution = = = +The Leavenworth Constitution was one of four Kansas state constitutions written during the era of Bleeding Kansas. The Leavenworth Constitution was written by a convention of Free-Staters. It was the most progressive of the four proposed constitutions. Important parts of this Constitution were a Bill of Rights that referred to ""all men" (making no distinction between the rights of white men and black men), making slavery in the state illegal, and a basic framework for the rights of women. +The constitutional convention that wrote the Leavenworth Constitution was provided for by an act of the Territorial Legislature passed in February 1858, while the Lecompton Constitution was being debated in Congress. The constitution was adopted by the convention at Leavenworth April 3, 1858. It was also chosen by the people at an election on May 18, 1858. +The Leavenworth Constitution did not have a big impact on the history of Kansas since the US Senate did not approve of the laws in the document. The other proposed state constitutions were the Topeka Constitution (1855), the Lecompton Constitution (1857) and the Wyandotte Constitution (1859). + += = = Rachel Bloom = = = +Rachel Leah Bloom (born April 3, 1987) is an American comedian, writer, actress and singer-songwriter. She played the lead role of Rebecca Bunch in the CW comedy-drama series "Crazy Ex-Girlfriend". For this, she won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress-Television Series Musical or Comedy. For that same act, she also won a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actress in a Comedy Series. +In May 2013, Bloom released her first musical comedy album "Please Love Me". +Bloom was born in Los Angeles. + += = = Mid-Continent oil province = = = +The Mid-continent oil field is a big area that has hundreds of oil fields in Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas. The area, which has various geological strata and diverse trap types, was discovered and used during the first half of the 20th century. Most of the crude oil found in the onshore mid-continent oil field is the mixed base or intermediate type (a mix of paraffin base and asphalt base crude oil types). + += = = Bud Fowler = = = +John W. "Bud" Fowler (March 16, 1858 – February 26, 1913) was an African-American baseball player, manager, and club organizer. He is the earliest known African-American player in organized professional baseball; that is, the major leagues and minor leagues. +Early life. +The son of a fugitive hop-picker and barber, Bud Fowler was christened John W. Jackson. +Professional baseball career. +Early career. +Fowler first played for an all-white professional team based out of New Castle, Pennsylvania in 1872. He was 14 years old. He is documented as playing for another professional team on July 21, 1877. He was 19. On April 24, 1878, he pitched a game for the Picked Nine, who defeated the Boston Red Caps, champions of the National League in 1877. He pitched some more for the Chelsea team, then finished that season with the Worcester club. + += = = Baseball color line = = = +The color line, also known as the color barrier, in American baseball stopped players of black African descent from playing Major League Baseball and its affiliated Minor Leagues until 1947 (with a few notable exceptions in the 19th century before the line was firmly established). Racial segregation in professional baseball was sometimes called a gentlemen's agreement. This means an understanding, as there was no written policy at the highest level of organized baseball, the major leagues. There was minor league's vote in 1887 against allowing new contracts with black players within its league. It sent a powerful message that eventually led to blacks not being allowed to play at all. +African Americans created the Negro leagues starting in 1887. In these leagues, African American baseball teams played against each other. +The color line was broken for good when Jackie Robinson signed with the Brooklyn Dodgers organization for the 1946 season. +Origins. +The beginning of segregation followed the baseball season of 1867. On October 16, the Pennsylvania State Convention of Baseball in Harrisburg denied admission to the "colored" Pythian Baseball Club. + += = = Leavenworth Soldiers = = = +The Leavenworth Soldiers was the first professional baseball team from Leavenworth, Kansas. The club played in the Western League from 1886 to 1888. Their first year, they tied the Lincoln Tree Planters for last place at 31-49. In 1887, the Soldiers were 27-27 when they disbanded on July 8 due to poor attendance. In 1888, Leavenworth returned to the loop and went 7-7 under L. M. Cretors. They were in second place when the league stopped operations on June 21. A J. Curran was leading the club in batting average at .300. + += = = Western League (1885–1899) = = = +The Western League of Professional Baseball Clubs, also called the Western League, was a minor league baseball league. It created on February 11, 1885. It focused on the Midwestern United States. +History. +Before its most famous version in November 1893, the Western League existed in various forms. The League was created as a minor league on February 11, 1885. The original clubs were in Indianapolis‚ Kansas City‚ Cleveland‚ Milwaukee‚ Toledo and Omaha/Keokuk, Iowa. + += = = Barn raising = = = +A barn raising, also historically called a raising bee or rearing in the U.K., is a collective action of a community, in which a barn for one of the members is built or rebuilt by members of the community. Barn raising was common in 18th- and 19th-century rural North America. A barn was a necessary building for any farmer. Yet a barn was also a big and expensive building. Building a farm needed many people than a typical family could provide. Barn raising addressed the need by getting members of the community, unpaid, to help in the building of their neighbors' barns. Because each member was entitled to recruit others for help, the favor would eventually return to each participant. +One or more people with experience or with specific skills are chosen to lead the project. Young people helping for the first time have watched many barn raisings and know what is expected of them. + += = = Greensburg, Kansas = = = +Greensburg is a city in, Kiowa County, Kansas, United States. It is also the county seat of Kiowa County. In 2020, 740 people lived there. +In the evening of May 4, 2007, Greensburg was hit by an EF5 tornado that traveled quickly through the area. It destroyed at least 95 percent of the city. It killed eleven people between the ages of 46 and 84. +Greensburg today is a model "green town". It is often described as the greenest in America. The hospital, city hall, and school have all been built to the highest certification level issued by Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). Greensburg is also home to the world's largest hand-dug well. +History. +21st century. +At 9:45 p.m. CDT on May 4, 2007, during a deadly tornado outbreak, Greensburg was hit by an EF5 tornado. The tornado was estimated to be in width — wider than the city itself — and traveled for nearly . Tornado sirens sounded in the city twenty minutes before the tornado struck, and a tornado emergency was issued, which undoubtedly saved many lives. +Kansas Governor Kathleen Sebelius and President George W. Bush both declared Kiowa County a disaster area, which opened up the affected areas for national and international aid. The tornado killed 10 people in Greensburg and two more in neighboring towns. +Geography. +Greensburg is at (37.604875, -99.289569). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land. +Demographics. +2020 census. +The 2020 census says that there were 740 people, 329 households, and 176 families living in Greensburg. Of the households, 60.5% owned their home and 39.5% rented their home. +The median age was 44.4 years. Of the people, 88.6% were White, 2.3% were Black, 1.8% were Asian, 0.5% were Pacific Islanders, 0.3% were Native American, 0.4% were from some other race, and 6.1% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.6% of the people. +2010 census. +The 2010 census says that there were 777 people, 355 households, and 212 families living in Greensburg. +Education. +Greensburg is served by USD 422 Kiowa County Schools. The Kiowa County High School mascot is Mavericks. +Other websites. +Official sites +2007 tornado +Other sites + += = = Coronado, Kansas = = = +Coronado was an unincorporated community in Wichita County, Kansas, United States. It was platted in 1885. Coronado was involved in the bloodiest county seat fight in the history of the American West. The shoot-out on February 27, 1887, with boosters—some would say hired gunmen—from nearby Leoti left several people dead and wounded. +Coronado had a post office from 1886 until 1899. + += = = County seat war = = = +A county seat war is an American phenomenon that happened mostly in the Old West as it was being settled. Although, there were similar events elsewhere, such as in southeastern Ohio. As new towns were created and county lines were drawn, there was intense competition for the status and tax benefits received by becoming a county seat. These "wars" often involved nothing more than lining up at the ballot box. However, sometimes people from a particular town would use voter fraud, intimidation or violence. + += = = Transcontinental railroad = = = +A transcontinental railroad is a network of railroad trackage that crosses a continental land mass. It must be continuous. It has terminals at different oceans or continental borders. Such networks can be via the tracks of either a single railroad, or over those owned or controlled by multiple railway companies along a continuous route. + += = = Pacific Railroad Acts = = = +The Pacific Railroad Acts of 1862 were a series of acts of Congress that supported the construction of a "transcontinental railroad" (the Pacific Railroad) in the United States. This happened through authorizing issuing government bonds and the grants of land to railroad companies. The War Department under then-Secretary of War Jefferson Davis was authorized by the Congress in 1853 to do surveys of five different potential transcontinental routes from the Mississippi. These surveys ranging from north to south and submitted a massive twelve volume report to Congress with the results in early 1855. However, no route or bill could be agreed upon and passed authorizing the Government's financial support and land grants. This change when the secession of the southern states in 1861 ended their opposition to a central route. The Pacific Railroad Act of 1862 () was the original act. Some of its provisions were changed, expanded, or repealed by four more amending Acts: The Pacific Railroad Act of 1863 (), Pacific Railroad Act of 1864 (), Pacific Railroad Act of 1865 (), and Pacific Railroad Act of 1866 (). +The Pacific Railroad Act of 1862 started federal government land grants directly to corporations; before that act, the land grants were made to the states, for the benefit of corporations. + += = = Pee Wee Gaskins = = = +Donald Henry "Pee Wee" Gaskins Jr. (March 13, 1933 – September 6, 1991) was an American serial killer. He was executed by electrocution by South Carolina in 1991. +Gaskins was born in South Carolina, the last in a string of illegitimate children. Due to his smallness, he was nicknamed "Pee Wee". His youth was characterized by considerable neglect; for instance, when he was one year old, he drank a bottle of kerosene. He grew to 5 foot 2 inch and 130 pounds. +Gaskins' serial crime began before the concept was even realized, as a juvenile, which included along with a group of other youths: robberies, assaults and a gang rape. In prison, he was regularly raped. He escaped from prison in 1955 by sitting in the back of a garbage truck and fled to Florida; he was re-arrested, remanded and paroled in August 1961. +During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Gaskins murdered several teenaged girls and young women. He was later found guilty of eight counts of murder and sentenced to death by South Carolina. While on death row, Gaskins murdered a fellow death row inmate, earning him the title "Meanest Man in America". Gaskins was put to death in the electric chair by South Carolina on September 6, 1991. + += = = Harvey Glatman = = = +Harvey Murray Glatman (December 10, 1927 – September 18, 1959) was an American serial killer active during the late 1950s. He was known in the media as "The Lonely Hearts Killer" and "The Glamour Girl Slayer". He would use several pseudonyms, posing as a professional photographer to lure his victims with the promise of a modelling career. +Glatman was later found guilty of two counts of first-degree murder by California and sentenced to death, a sentence that he accepted willingly. He specifically asked the warden to do nothing to save his life. He was executed in the gas chamber of San Quentin State Prison on September 18, 1959. + += = = Fuzhou dialect = = = +The Fuzhou dialect (, FR: ), also Foochow, Hokchew, Hok-chiu, or Fuzhounese, is the prestige variety of the Eastern Min branch of Min Chinese spoken mainly in the Mindong region of Eastern Fujian Province. +Fuzhou dialect history. +Fuzhou dialect is also a dialect of Mindong. Unlike Minnan dialect, Fuzhou dialects say that there are fewer people. This is mainly because the social development model of Fuzhou and Minnan is different. Therefore, the two languages spread differently. The eastern part of the country is dominated by agriculture, while southern Fujian has a large number of fisheries. +Fuzhou dialect is popular in the seven counties of Fuzhou in the eastern part of Fujian, Ningde City and Nanping City, as well as Taiwan, Indonesia, Thailand, Brunei, Singapore. In addition, Fuzhou dialect is also popular in many Chinese communities in North America, South America, Europe, and Australia. +Fuzhou dialect is derived from ancient Chinese and medieval Chinese. Due to the large-scale immigration of Han, Jin and Tang Dynasty, these ancient languages merged into the current Fuzhou dialect. Fuzhou dialect has experienced slow and obvious changes in pronunciation and vocabulary in the last 200 years. +In ancient times, Yue people lived along the banks of the Li River. Since the kingdom of Chu destroyed the country, the descendants of the king led some of the subjects to migrate to Fujian and merged with the Yue people into the Yue ethnic group. In 110 BC, the Yue dynasty against Han and was settled by Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, after which most of the Yue people were moved to the Jianghuai area. During the Western Han Dynasty, the Central Plains Han people entered the shackles for the first time, and merged with the Yue and Yue people. Fuzhou dialect was integrated into the Central Plains dialect. +During the Jin Dynasty, the Central Plains people entered the country for the second time. The Han people and the Yue people further merged. The Han people became the main residents of Fuzhou, and the Central Plains dialect was once again integrated into the Fuzhou dialect. +At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Han people of the Central Plains entered the country for the third time. Wang tried to establish the Shu Kingdom and strengthened the integration of the Central Plains dialect and the Gan dialect. Fuzhou dialect was basically formed in the Tang Dynasty and is gradually developing. +The Mandarin language movement in recent decades has led to fewer and fewer people in Fuzhou. Recently, the government and civil society have realized this problem and have taken many measures to promote it. According to statistics, half of Fuzhou young people now speak Fuzhou dialect. +The first book on the pronunciation of Fuzhou is the 'Yulin Sounds', which was published in the 17th century and provides a standard for Fuzhou dialect. +In the 19th and 20th centuries, Western scholars studied Fuzhou dialect, compiled a dictionary, and translated the Bible into Fuzhou dialect. Japanese scholars published a series of books on Fuzhou dialect in the 1940s. The efforts of Western scholars have developed the use of the Latin alphabet to write Fuzhou dialect, which was standardized in 1890. This set of standards is mainly used in churches. + += = = Tony Costa = = = +Antone Charles "Tony" Costa (August 2, 1944 – May 12, 1974) was an American carpenter who achieved notoriety for committing serial murders in and around the town of Truro, Massachusetts in 1969. Costa preyed on either teenaged girls or young women, although it is unclear which, which resulted in the victims' deaths. Costa would then remove the corpses' hearts and dismember the corpses. Costa was convicted of two of the murders and sentenced to life imprisonment by Massachusetts. Four years into his imprisonment, Costa hanged himself in his prison cell. + += = = Tomiris (movie) = = = +Tomiris is a commercial movie about Queen Tomiris. This historical drama is about the ruler of the Massagetae in the sixth century B.C. +The movie was released in September 2019. Its plot is based on material from Herodotus as told through Al-Farabi. It tells how Tomiris led her nomadic people to victory over Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid Empire when he invaded her land. +The movie's director was Akan Satayev. "The historical drama was filmed based on order of the Kazakh Ministry of Culture and Sports." The producer was Aliya Nazarbayeva. The movie was made by the Kazakhfilm Film Studio with participation of Sataifilm. The movie's director of props was Kuat Tleubaev. It cost 2.259 billion tenge (about 6,500,000 US$) to make. It was filmed in Kazakhstan. +Running time is 155 minutes. +According to the "Astana Times" online, the movie "earned 480 million tenge (US$1.2 million) by the end of October and was screened more than 800 times throughout Kazakhstan." +"Tomiris" was one of three Kazakhstani movies in the Golden Globes long list of candidates for the Foreign Language Film category. +At France’s 26th L’Étrange Festival, 20202, it won the Nouveau Genre Great Prize in the International Feature Film Competition. +The movie was scheduled to be released in Turkey in April 2020. +Languages. +The narrative is in Russian with Kazakh subtitles. The characters speak in ancient Turkic and Persian languages. + += = = Victor Licata = = = +Victor Licata (c. 1912 – December 4, 1950) was an American murderer who killed most of his family with an axe. On October 16, 1933 in Ybor City, Tampa, Florida, Licata used an axe to murder his parents, two brothers, and a sister while they were asleep. All died from blows to the head. The killings, which were reported by the media as the work of an "axe-murdering marijuana addict", were used as prima facie evidence that there was a link between recreational drugs, such as cannabis, and crime. This led to the killings being used in 1930s anti-drug campaigns against marijuana. At trial, Licata was found criminally insane and committed to an insane asylum, where he later hanged himself in 1950. + += = = James S. Gracey = = = +James Steele Gracey (born August 24, 1927) is a former United States Coast Guard admiral. He was the 17th Commandant of the United States Coast Guard from 1982 to 1986. He was born in Newton, Massachusetts. He was active during the Korean War and the Vietnamese War. + += = = Paul A. Yost Jr. = = = +Paul Alexander Yost Jr. (born January 3, 1929) is a retired United States Coast Guard admiral. He was the 18th Commandant of the United States Coast Guard from 1986 to 1990. + += = = James Loy = = = +James Milton Loy (born August 10, 1942) is a retired United States Coast Guard admiral. He was Acting United States Secretary of Homeland Security in 2005 and U.S. Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security (DHS) from December 4, 2003, to March 1, 2005. +He was the second administrator of the Transportation Security Administration from 2002 to 2003, and before that as the Commandant of the U.S. Coast Guard from 1998 to 2002. + += = = Joseph P. Hoar = = = +General Joseph P. Hoar (born December 30, 1934) is a retired U.S. Marine Corps officer. He was Commander in Chief of United States Central Command. He retired from the Corps on September 1, 1994. + += = = Joseph J. Went = = = +Joseph J. Went (born September 16, 1930) is a retired United States Marine Corps four-star general. His final job was as Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps and Chief of Staff. He retired in 1990 after 38 years of service. + += = = New Milford, Connecticut = = = +New Milford is a town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is the largest town in the state in terms of land area at nearly . The population was 28,115 according to the 2020 Census. + += = = Thomas R. Morgan = = = +General Thomas R. Morgan (born January 6, 1930) is a retired American military personnel. He was the Assistant Commandant of the United States Marine Corps from June 1986 until he retired on July 1, 1988 after completion of more than 36 years of active service. +Awards and decorations. +General Morgan's personal awards and decorations include: + += = = George B. Crist = = = +George B. Crist (born January 23, 1931) is a retired four-star general of the United States Marine Corps. He was the first Marine to be promoted as a Unified Commander — serving as Commander in Chief, United States Central Command from 1985 to 1988. +Awards. +His military decorations include: + += = = John K. Davis = = = +John Kerry Davis (March 14, 1927 – July 31, 2019), also known as J.K. Davis, was a United States Marine Corps four-star general. Davis, a Vietnam War veteran, was the Commanding General of the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (1977–1978) and the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing (1978-1978). He died from cancer on July 31, 2019, at the age of 92. +His final job was as the Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps from July 1, 1983 to June 1, 1986. + += = = Paul X. Kelley = = = +Paul Xavier Kelley (November 11, 1928 – December 29, 2019) was a United States Marine Corps general. He was the 28th Commandant of the United States Marine Corps from July 1, 1983, to June 30, 1987. +In February 1980, Kelley was promoted to lieutenant general and named as the first Commander of the Rapid Deployment Joint Task Force. +Kelley died on December 29, 2019 at a care facility in McLean, Virginia from Alzheimer's disease-related problems at the age of 91. + += = = John W. Foss = = = +John William Foss (February 13, 1933 – April 25, 2020) was a retired United States Army four-star general. He was a commander of the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command. +Foss died on April 25, 2020 at the age of 87. + += = = Hutchinson, Minnesota = = = +Hutchinson is the largest city in McLeod County, Minnesota, United States, and is located along the South Fork of the Crow River. The population was 14,599 at the 2020 census. + += = = Arthur E. Brown Jr. = = = +Arthur Edmon Brown Jr. (born November 21, 1929) is an American military personnel. He was a United States Army four-star general who was Vice Chief of Staff of the United States Army (VCSA) from 1987 to 1989. + += = = Frederick F. Woerner Jr. = = = +Frederick F. Woerner Jr. (August 12, 1933 – March 29, 2023) was a four-star general of the United States Army. He was Commander-in-Chief of United States Southern Command, former Chairman of the American Battle Monuments Commission, and Professor Emeritus of Boston University. He died on March 29, 2023. + += = = Louis C. Wagner Jr. = = = +General Louis Carson Wagner Jr. (born January 24, 1932) is a retired United States Army four-star general. He was Commanding General, United States Army Materiel Command (CG AMC) from 1987 to 1989. + += = = James J. Lindsay = = = +James Joseph Lindsay (October 10, 1932 – August 5, 2023) was a United States Army four-star general. He was the first commander of the United States Special Operations Command. +Lindsay died on August 5, 2023 in Vass, North Carolina at the age of 90. + += = = Carl E. Vuono = = = +Carl Edward Vuono (born October 18, 1934) is a retired United States Army general. He was the Chief of Staff of the United States Army from 1987 to 1991. + += = = Monongahela, Pennsylvania = = = +Monongahela is a city in Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the Pittsburgh, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is south of Pittsburgh. The population was 4,159 at the 2020 census. + += = = William D. Smith = = = +William Dee Smith (born February 9, 1933) is a retired United States Navy four star admiral. He was United States Military Representative, NATO Military Committee (USMILREP) between 1991 & 1993. Smith retired in 1993. + += = = Carlisle Trost = = = +Carlisle Albert Herman Trost (April 24, 1930 – September 29, 2020) was a United States Navy officer. He was the 23rd Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) and a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1 July 1986 to 29 June 1990. He retired from active naval service on 1 July 1990, following completion of a four-year term as CNO. + += = = Valmeyer, Illinois = = = +Valmeyer is a village in Monroe County in the U.S. state of Illinois, on the Mississippi River. The population was 1,233 at the 2020 census. + += = = James B. Busey IV = = = +Admiral James Buchanan Busey IV (born October 7, 1932) is a retired United States Navy four star admiral. He was Vice Chief of Naval Operations, from 1985 to 1987 and as Commander in Chief, U.S. Naval Forces Europe/Commander in Chief, Allied Forces Southern Europe from 1987 to 1989. + += = = Sylvester R. Foley Jr. = = = +Sylvester Robert "Bob" Foley Jr. (born September 19, 1928) is a retired four star admiral in the United States Navy. He was Commander in Chief Pacific from 1982 to 1985. He was born in Manchester, New Hampshire. + += = = Thomas B. Hayward = = = +Admiral Thomas Bibb Hayward (May 3, 1924 – March 3, 2022) was Chief of Naval Operations for the United States Navy from July 1, 1978, until June 30, 1982, after which he retired from military service. +Hayward endorsed the re-election campaign of Donald Trump in 2020 and said that the United States was becoming a socialist-Marxist tyrannical government. +Hayward died on March 3, 2022 at the age of 97. + += = = Harry D. Train II = = = +Harry Depue Train II (born November 5, 1927) is a retired United States Navy admiral and a Senior Fellow at the Joint Advanced Warfighting School at the Joint Forces Staff College in Norfolk, Virginia. + += = = Ronald J. Hays = = = +Ronald Jackson Hays (born August 19, 1928) is a retired United States Navy four star admiral. He was Vice Chief of Naval Operations (VCNO) from 1983 to 1985; and as Commander in Chief, United States Pacific Command (USCINCPAC) from 1985 to 1988. + += = = Urania, Louisiana = = = +Urania is a small town in La Salle Parish, Louisiana United States. The population was 698 at the 2020 census. "Urania" is taken from the Greek muse of astronomy. Hardtner served in both houses of the Louisiana State Legislature from La Salle Parish as well as long service on the La Salle Parish Police Jury. + += = = List of mayors of Paris = = = +The Mayor of Paris () is the chief executive of Paris, the capital and largest city in France. The Mayor is responsible for the administration and management of the city, adds proposals and recommendations to the Paris City Council, is active in the enforcement of the city’s laws. +List. +Notes +† "Died in office" + += = = Adolphe Thiers = = = +Marie Joseph Louis Adolphe Thiers ( , ; 15 April 17973 September 1877) was a French politician and historian. He was the second elected President of France, and the first President of the French Third Republic. + += = = Halsey (singer) = = = +Ashley Nicolette Frangipane ( ; born September 29, 1994), known by her professional name Halsey ( ), is an American singer. +Early life. +Ashley Nicolette Frangipane was born in Edison, New Jersey. Her mother is of Italian and Hungarian descent, while her father is mostly African American with some distant Irish ancestry. She has two younger brothers. +Career. +Halsey was signed by Astralwerks in 2014. She released her first EP, "Room 93", later that year. In 2015, she released her album "Badlands", which went to number two on the "Billboard" 200 chart. She released "Hopeless Fountain Kingdom" in 2017, which reached number one. +Halsey was featured on the Chainsmokers' 2016 single "Closer", which entered at the top of the charts in several countries worldwide. She released "Without Me" in October 2018 as the lead single from her studio album, "Manic" (2020). "Without Me" became her second US number one hit after "Closer". "Manic" went to number two in the US. +In December 2020, she revealed the use of "she/they" pronouns in her Instagram bio. She released a makeup line, About-Face, in January 2021. +After 10 years experience in UMG, she departed the music business group and signed with Sony Music's Columbia Records on June 14, 2023. +Artistry. +Halsey is a soprano with three-octave vocal range. Her voice is often described as “smoky” or “husky.” This is typically a quality found in lower-pitched voices. Additionally, her vocal range spans from about F3 to C5. However, this worth noting that her voice has a lot of versatility. She is able to sing both lower and higher pitched notes with relative ease. +Personal life. +Halsey is bisexual. +She has a son, Ender Ridley Aydin (born July 14, 2021) with her former boyfriend Alev Aydin, a Turkish-American filmmaker. The two separated at some point. Halsey requested custody of their son so she could take him on tour but also wanted Aydin to have joint custody and visitation. +She was previously dated rapper G-Eazy in 2017 to 2018. +She is currently dating Canadian actor Avan Jogia. + += = = Òscar Ribas Reig = = = +Òscar Ribas Reig (, 26 October 1936 – 18 December 2020) was the first prime minister of Andorra in 1982. He twice was head of government, firstly from 8 January 1982 to 21 May 1984 with National Liberal party and then from 12 January 1990 to 7 December 1994 with the National Democratic Agreement party. +Reig died on 18 December 2020 at the age of 84 in Sant Julià de Lòria. + += = = Democratic Party (Italy) = = = +The Democratic Party (Italian: "Partito Democratico", "PD") is an Italian political party. Its secretary is Elly Schlein. +From the birth of the Conte II Cabinet, the Democratic Party formed a coalition with the Five Star Movement. +Since 2014, the party has been a member of the Center-left Party of European Socialists group in the European Parliament. + += = = CD Vision = = = +CD Vision is a Bangladeshi record label company, which is contributed production and distribution of the television programs, recording artists and full-length bengali feature movies released on Audio & Video and Online Platforms. CD Vision is also a film production house produce content including, short film, drama, telefilm, fiction, music video and documentary. + += = = G-Series (record label) = = = +G-Series is a Bangladeshi record label. The company produces cassettes, CDs, VCDs, and DVDs of dramas, telefilms, movies, and music. It is one of the largest companies in Bangladesh. The owner of the company is Nazmul Haque Bhuiyan. The Daily Star described it a major record label in Bangladesh. + += = = Jaaz Multimedia = = = +Jaaz Multimedia is a movie production and distribution house in Bangladesh. + += = = Rosewood = = = +Rosewood is wood from trees of the genus Dalbergia. +The wood of "Dalbergia nigra" is known as "Brazilian rosewood", and also as "Bahia rosewood".It has a strong, sweet smell, which lasts for many years. +Another rosewood comes from "Dalbergia latifolia" known as (East) Indian rosewood or "sonokeling" (Indonesia). It is native to India and is also grown in plantations elsewhere in Pakistan (Chiniot). +Madagascar rosewood ("Dalbergia maritima"), known as "bois de rose", is highly prized for its red colour. It is overexploited in the wild. A 2010 moratorium on trade and illegal logging is being ignored. +Throughout southeast Asia "Dalbergia oliveri" is harvested for use in woodworking. It has a fragrant odour. "Dalbergia cultrata" is being used and sold as "D. olvieri". + += = = Marsha P. Johnson = = = +Marsha P. Johnson (August 24, 1945 – July 6, 1992) was an American gay and transgender rights activist. They are best known for participating in the Stonewall riots in 1969. A founding member of the Gay Liberation Front, Johnson co-founded the advocacy group S.T.A.R. (Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries), alongside their friend Sylvia Rivera. From 1987 through 1992, Johnson was an AIDS activist with ACT UP. +Early life. +Johnson was born in Elizabeth, New Jersey on August 24, 1945. They were one of seven children. Their father, Malcolm Michaels Sr, worked for General Motors. Their mother, Alberta Claiborne, was a housekeeper. Johnson attended an African Methodist Episcopal Church as a child. Johnson was very religious. They were very interested in Catholicism, and kept a private altar at home. Johnson began wearing dresses at the age of five but stopped due to bullying from boys in their neighborhood. Johnson did not come to terms with being gay until the age of 17. Their mother was reportedly very homophobic, but Johnson has said that their mother was unaware of the LGBT community. After graduating from high school, Johnson moved to Greenwich Village, New York on their own. They supported themself by waiting tables. After meeting other gay people in the city, Johnson gained the confidence to come out themself. +Working as a performer. +Johnson began working as a drag queen after coming out as gay. They chose the drag name "Marsha P. Johnson". "Johnson" comes from the restaurant Howard Johnson's. They said that the "P" stood for "pay it no mind," a phrase they would use when people asked their gender. Johnson referred to themself as gay, a transvestite, and a drag queen interchangeably and preferred "they," rather than "she," to be used as a pronoun. Although they never referred to themself as being transgender, many modern scholars believe that was only because the term still was rarely used during their lifetime. +Johnson said that their style of drag was not serious because they could not afford expensive clothes. They made flower crowns out of leftover flowers from the Flower District of Manhattan, which they began well known for wearing. Johnson was tall, thin and wore long flowing clothes, red high heels and bright wigs. This tended to draw a lot of attention. Their style was often described as being masculine and feminine at the same time. +In 1972, Johnson became a member of the New York-based drag performance troupe Hot Peaches. Johnson also performed with the troupe The Angels of Light. In 1975, Johnson was photographed by famous artist Andy Warhol, as part of a series called "Ladies and Gentlemen". +Stonewall riots and activism. +The Stonewall riots were a series of riots in New York City in 1969. They happened after the police raided the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar in Greenwich Village. Johnson is often said to have been one of the first people to begin rioting against the police, some going as far to say they "threw the first brick at Stonewall". Johnson denied this, but they did become heavily involved in gay rights activism after the police raid. +After the Stonewall uprising, Johnson joined the Gay Liberation Front, which worked to fight against homophobia. They participated in a rally on the first anniversary of the Stonewall riots in 1970. Also in 1970, Johnson and their fellow GLF members staged a sit-in protest at New York University after the university staff canceled a dance when they learned it was sponsored by gay organizations. +Johnson and their close friend Sylvia Rivera co-founded the Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries (STAR) organization. STAR advocated for transgender rights and also provided shelter for gay and transgender youth in the "STAR House", which also provided shelter for sex workers. Johnson worked to provide food, clothing, emotional support and a sense of family for homeless gay and transgender youth. +The two were banned from participating in the gay pride parade in 1973 when the staff running the event stated they were not going to allow drag queens at marches because they were "giving them a bad name". Their response was to march defiantly ahead of the parade. They believed it was their right to participate in pride alongside other members of the LGBT community. +Mental health and death. +When they first came to New York City, Johnson became a sex worker to make money. They were arrested many times due to laws against prostitution. +Johnson spoke of first having a mental breakdown in 1970. They would purposefully get themself arrested so that they would be given antipsychotic medication. +Though remembered by most as a kind and generous person, they were known to have occasional bouts of anger and aggression. It is believed that they may have suffered from a mental illness which caused mood swings. +Johnson was found dead shortly after the 1992 pride parade. Their body was discovered floating in the Hudson River. According to their friend, Randy Wicker, a witness saw Johnson fighting a man who later bragged about killing a drag queen named "Marsha". No arrests were made following this. Many locals believed that the law enforcement was unwilling to investigate Johnson's death because of their status as a drag queen and a sex worker. +Johnson was cremated and their ashes were released over the Hudson River by her friends following a funeral at the local church. +In November 2012, activist Mariah Lopez was able to get the New York police department to reopen the case as a possible homicide. +Tributes and legacy. +Johnson is remembered by many as an important figure in the fight for gay liberation. +The 2012 documentary "Pay It No Mind – The Life and Times of Marsha P. Johnson" features segments from a 1992 interview with Johnson, which was filmed shortly before their death. Many of their friends from Greenwich Village are interviewed for the documentary. +In 2018 the "New York Times" published a belated obituary for them. +On May 30, 2019, it was announced that Johnson and Sylvia Rivera would be honored with monuments at Greenwich Village, near the site of the Stonewall club. +In June 2019, Johnson was one of fifty American “pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes” inducted on the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor within the Stonewall National Monument (SNM) in New York City’s Stonewall Inn. + += = = Spirit AeroSystems = = = +Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. ("Spirit") is the world's biggest first-tier aerostructures manufacturer. They are in Wichita, Kansas. Spirit's main competition comes from Triumph Aerostructures - Vought Aircraft Division, UTC Aerospace Systems, Leonardo, and Kawasaki Heavy Industries. + += = = Humid continental climate = = = +A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900. A place with a humid continental climate has big seasonal temperature differences. It has warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes very cold in the northern areas) winters. Precipitation usually happens throughout the year. In a humid continental climate, the average temperature of the coldest month must be below (or ) and there must be at least four months whose average temperatures are at or above . +Humid continental climates are usually found between latitudes 40° N and 60° N, within the central and northeastern parts of North America, Europe, and Asia. + += = = Assens, Switzerland = = = +Assens is a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. +The community decided to merge their municipality with Malapalud, with effect from 1 January 2009. + += = = Chapelle-sur-Moudon = = = +Chapelle-sur-Moudon was a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Chanéaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become the new municipality called Montanaire. + += = = Neyruz-sur-Moudon = = = +Neyruz-sur-Moudon was a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Chanéaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become the new municipality called Montanaire. + += = = Correvon = = = +Correvon was a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Chanéaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become the new municipality called Montanaire. + += = = Fort Leavenworth = = = +Fort Leavenworth is a United States Army installation in Leavenworth County, Kansas. It was built in 1827. It is the oldest active United States Army post west of Washington, D.C., and it is the oldest permanent settlement in Kansas. Fort Leavenworth has been historically known as the "Intellectual Center of the Army." +It became a National Historic Landmark in 1960. + += = = Denezy = = = +Denezy was a municipality of the Gros-de-Vaud in the canton district of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Chanéaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become the new municipality of Montanaire. + += = = Martherenges = = = +Martherenges was a municipality of the Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Chanéaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become the new municipality of Montanaire. + += = = Peyres-Possens = = = +Peyres-Possens was a municipality of the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Chanéaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become the new municipality of Montanaire. + += = = Saint-Cierges = = = +Saint-Cierges was a municipality of the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Chanéaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become the new municipality of Montanaire. + += = = Montanaire = = = +Montanaire is a municipality in the Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2013 when the former municipalities of Chanéaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become the new municipality of Montanaire. + += = = Penthalaz = = = +Penthalaz is a municipality in the Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Kansas Board of Regents = = = +The Kansas Board of Regents is an organization that governs six state universities in the U.S. state of Kansas. It also supervises and coordinates nineteen community colleges, five technical colleges, six technical schools and a municipal university. It has nine members. +Member selection. +The Kansas Board of Regents has nine members. All of them are chosen by the Governor of Kansas. Each Board Member also serves on committees that help solve higher education issues. + += = = The Big Short (movie) = = = +The Big Short is a 2015 American biographical comedy-drama movie. It was directed by Adam McKay. It was written by McKay and Charles Randolph. It is based on the 2010 book "The Big Short: Inside the Doomsday Machine" by Michael Lewis that shows how the financial crisis of 2007–2008 was started by the United States housing bubble. The movie stars Christian Bale, Steve Carell, Ryan Gosling, Brad Pitt, Melissa Leo, Hamish Linklater, John Magaro, Rafe Spall, Jeremy Strong, Finn Wittrock, and Marisa Tomei. +The movie had a limited release in the United States on December 11, 2015. It had a wide release on December 23 by Paramount Pictures. +Release. +On September 22, 2015, Paramount set the movie for a limited release on December 11, 2015 and a wide release on December 23, 2015. + += = = Hacksaw Ridge = = = +Hacksaw Ridge is a 2016 biographical war drama movie. It was directed by Mel Gibson and written by Andrew Knight and Robert Schenkkan. It was based on the 2004 documentary "The Conscientious Objector". The film focuses on the World War II experiences of Desmond Doss, an American pacifist combat medic who did not carry or use a weapon or firearm of any kind. This was because he was a Seventh-day Adventist Christian. Doss became the first conscientious objector to be awarded the Medal of Honor, for service above and beyond the call of duty during the Battle of Okinawa. Andrew Garfield stars as Doss, with Sam Worthington, Luke Bracey, Teresa Palmer, Hugo Weaving, Rachel Griffiths, and Vince Vaughn in supporting roles. +The movie was released in the United States on November 4, 2016. It made $175.3 million worldwide and received mostly positive reviews, with Gibson's direction and Garfield's performance getting praise. "Hacksaw Ridge" was chosen by the American Film Institute as one of its top ten Movies of the Year. It got many awards and nominations. + += = = Oulens-sous-Echallens = = = +Oulens-sous-Echallens is a municipality in the Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Dommartin, Switzerland = = = +Dommartin was a municipality in the Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011 the municipalities of Dommartin, Naz, Poliez-le-Grand and Sugnens joined together to become the new municipality of Montilliez. + += = = Naz = = = +Naz was a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011, the former municipalities of Dommartin, Naz, Poliez-le-Grand and Sugnens joined together to become one new municipality called Montilliez. + += = = Monique Coleman = = = +Adrienne Monique Coleman (or Monique Jordan; born November 13, 1980) is an American singer, actress, entrepreneur and dancer. She co-starred in Disney's "High School Musical" movies; she played Taylor McKessie. On ABC's "Dancing with the Stars", she finished in the fourth place. +In Columbia, South Carolina, at a very young age, Coleman started her acting career in theatre and television. +Monique Coleman was born in Orangeburg, South Carolina. + += = = Cardinal numeral = = = +A cardinal numeral (or 'cardinal number word') is a part of speech used to count. +Examples are the words "one", "two", "three", and also compounds like "three hundred and forty-two" (Commonwealth English) or "three hundred forty-two" (American English). +Cardinal numbers are definite numerals. They are related to ordinal numbers, such as "first", "second", "third", etc. + += = = Hiatal hernia = = = +A hiatal hernia is a kind of hernia in which abdominal organs, usually the stomach, slip through the diaphragm. This may result in gastroesophageal reflux disease (or GERD) or heartburn. There are other symptoms, like dysphagia (or trouble swallowing) and chest pain. Other problems may include bowel obstruction and iron deficiency anemia. +The most common risk factors are obesity and older age. Other risk factors are scoliosis, injury and several types of surgery. +Between ten and eighty percent of people in the United States are affected with hiatal hernias. +The symptoms from a hiatal hernia might be improved by changes, like weight loss, changing eating patterns and raising the head of a bed. +Types of hiatal hernia. +Sliding hiatal hernia:- This happens when part of the stomach and the place where the stomach and esophagus meet slide up into chest through the opening (hiatus). +Paraesophageal hernia:- Happens when part of stomach pushes up through the opening (hiatus) into chest and is next to the esophagus. + += = = Scoliosis = = = +Scoliosis is a medical condition in which the human or animal spine has a sideways curve. The curve is usually S-shaped or C-shaped. In some, the curve is stable. In others, though, +it increases over time. Mild scoliosis does not often cause problems. Severe cases, however, can interfere with breathing and can cause pain. +The cause of most cases is unknown. However, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Risk factors include having affected family members. +Diagnosis is often confirmed with x-rays. +Scoliosis usually occurs between ages 10 and 20. Males can be affected, although females are more often affected. + += = = List of Ikaw ay Pag-Ibig episodes = = = +This is a list of episodes of "Ikaw ay Pag-Ibig" which aired on ABS-CBN's "Primetime Bida" evening block from November 21, 2011 to January 27, 2012. The series was directed by Jerome Chavez Pobocan, Jojo A. Saguin, and Erick C. Salud. +Series overview. +<onlyinclude> + += = = Environmental factor = = = +An environmental factor (also called eco factor) is any factor which influences living organisms. Abiotic factors include ambient temperatures, the amounts of sunlight and PH of water soil in which organisms live. Biotic factors include the availability of food organisms and the presence of predators, parasites and competitors. +Cancers are often related to environmental factors. Having a healthy diet, healthy weight, limiting alcoholic drinks and quitting or not starting smoking cuts down the risks of getting cancer. +Environmental triggers for asthma and autism have been studied also. + += = = Consortium = = = +A consortium (which may also be called syndicate) is formed by two or more independent companies, individuals, or other economic actors that work together for a limited amount of time, usually to fulfill a purpose. Consortia are common in the building industries, roads and bridges are often built by consortia. +Overview. +Very broadly speaking there are two kinds of consortia: +The term can be traced to the 16th century, where it developed from "con sortes", which is the plural of Latin "consors". It can roughly be translated as "united by fate". The english word consort probably has the same origin. +The company Airbus started as a consortium of different companies with the aim of building airplanes. +In 1970, they officially formed a "groupement d'intérêt économique" (which is a consortium, in the French legal system). Today, Airbus is a Societas Europaea, a shareholding company under European law. Not all consortia are done for profit: The Unicode consortium wants to promote the Unicode standard. It is a non-profit organisation, based in California. + += = = Graph coloring = = = +Graph coloring is the name for a number of problems from graph theory. These problems are concerned with coloring (or labelling) the vertices of a graph, given certain conditions. A simple problem in this context might look for the minimal number of colors needed to color the vertices, when two connected vertices cannot have the same color. In the graph shown, the circles are called vertices and the lines connecting them are called edges. The minimum number of colors needed to color a graph is called its chromatic number. + += = = Cabbage Patch Kids = = = +The Cabbage Patch Kids are a line of soft-sculptured dolls. They were registered in the United States' copyright office in 1978 as 'The Little People'. When the dolls went into mass production in 1982, they were then renamed 'Cabbage Patch Kids'. +The doll brand was one of the most popular toy trends of the 1980s. It was one of the longest running doll franchises in the United States. The characters showed up in many other Cabbage Patch products, including animated cartoons, board games and record albums. +Over the years, the Cabbage Patch Kids have been produced by different companies. + += = = Infidelity = = = +People who form a couple, or who are married, very often have an agreement that they will only have sex with each other, and with no one else. If one of the two has sex with someone else, this is called infidelity. +Infidelity is common: About half of the men, and a quarter of women reported having an extra-marital affair, according to the Kinsey Reports, done in the 1950s. +In many countries, where religion is still present in everyday life (mostly in Africa and Asia), being untrue to the one you love is a criminal offense. In most European countries and the Americas, it is no longer a crime punishable by law. +Infidelity is one the reasons and causes for divorce. + += = = Bercher = = = +Bercher is a municipality in the Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria = = = +Carlos Maria Alfonso Marcelo de Borbón-Dos Sicilias y de Borbón-Parma, "Infante" of Spain, Duke of Calabria (16 January 1938 – 5 October 2015) was, at his death, the last "infante" of Spain during the reigns of his cousins King Juan Carlos I and King Felipe VI. +Additionally, he was also one of two claimants to the headship of the dynasty which ruled the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies before to its incorporation into the Kingdom of Italy in 1861, in which capacity he was also the Grand Master of one of the three branches of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George. + += = = List of Lorenzo's Time episodes = = = +This is a list of episodes of "Lorenzo's Time" which aired on ABS-CBN's "Primetime Bida" evening block from July 2, 2012 to October 5, 2012. The series was directed by Jerome Chavez Pobocan and Claudio "Tots" Sanchez-Mariscal IV. +Series overview. +<onlyinclude> + += = = Orange River = = = +The Orange River (officially called Oranje) is a river in Southern Africa. It is long. It starts in Lesotho, and is the longest river there. For large parts of its course, it forms the border between South Africa and Namibia. +Geography. +The Orange river basin extends into South Africa, Namibia, and Botswana. The river starts in the Drakensberg mountains. It passes only through the city of Upington: it does not run through other major cities. +Economic usage. +The river is important for the South African economy. Its water is used for irrigation and hydroelectric power. The river was named the Orange River in honor of the Dutch ruling family, the House of Orange, by the Dutch explorer Robert Jacob Gordon. + += = = Lariboisière Hospital = = = +Lariboisière Hospital (French: "Hôpital Lariboisière") is a hospital in Paris. It is one of Europe's largest hospitals. It was created in 1854. It is a partner of the "Université Paris Cité". + += = = George Peter Alexander Healy = = = +George Peter Alexander Healy (1813–1894) was an American painter. He is mostly known for the portraits he made, +He made portraits of Daniel Webster, Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, Arnold Henri Guyot, William H. Seward and Louis Philippe. He also made portraits of the US presidents from John Quincy Adams bis Ulysses S. Grant. His works also include "The Peacemakers" (1868) and "Abraham Lincoln" (1869). +He died, aged 80, on June 24, 1894 in Chicago. + += = = Bettens = = = +Bettens is a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Bioley-Orjulaz = = = +Bioley-Orjulaz is a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Goumoens-la-Ville = = = +Goumoens-la-Ville was a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011, the former municipalities of Eclagnens, Goumoens-la-Ville and Goumoens-le-Jux joined together to become one new municipality called Goumoëns. + += = = Goumoëns = = = +Goumoëns is a municipality of the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011, the former municipalities of Eclagnens, Goumoens-la-Ville and Goumoens-le-Jux merged to form the new municipality of Goumoëns. + += = = Bottens = = = +Bottens is a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Boulens = = = +Boulens is a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Bournens = = = +Bournens is a municipality in the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Boussens, Switzerland = = = +Boussens is a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Etagnières = = = +Etagnières is a municipality of the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Valerie Van Ost = = = +Valerie Van Ost (25 July 1944 – 10 September 2019) was an English actress. +Acting career. +At school, Van Ost became the youngest adult dancer at the London Palladium before moving into films and television at age 18. She appeared in four Carry On films - "Carry On Cabby" (1963), "Carry On Don't Lose Your Head" (1967), "Carry On Doctor" (also 1967) and "Carry On Again Doctor" (1969). Her other film roles included "The Beauty Jungle" (1964), "Mister Ten Per Cent" (1967), "Casino Royale" (1967), "Corruption" (1968), "The Smashing Bird I Used to Know" (1969), "Incense for the Damned" (1971), and the Hammer horror film "The Satanic Rites of Dracula" (1973). She appeared as the dim-witted Penny in an episode of "The Avengers" entitled "Dead Man's Treasure" (1967), and a year later was considered for the part of Diana Rigg's replacement as Steed's sidekick. +Post-acting. +Van Ost retired from performing in 1982 to form a casting company with her husband, Andrew Millington. +Death. +Van Ost died from liver cancer on 10 September 2019 at the age of 75. + += = = Goumoens-le-Jux = = = +Goumoens-le-Jux was a municipality of the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011, the former municipalities of Eclagnens, Goumoens-la-Ville and Goumoens-le-Jux merged to form the new municipality of Goumoëns. + += = = Arrissoules = = = +Arrissoules is a village of the district Yverdon of the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland. On 1 January 2005 the former municipality of Arrissoules merged into the municipality of Rovray, which kept the name Rovray. +The Arrissoules Tunnel of the A1 motorway is found near the village. + += = = Crissier = = = +Crissier is a municipality of the Ouest lausannois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. +It is a suburb of Lausanne. + += = = Poliez-le-Grand = = = +Poliez-le-Grand was a municipality of the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011, the former municipalities of Dommartin, Naz, Poliez-le-Grand and Sugnens joined together to become the new municipality of Montilliez. + += = = Merkel, Texas = = = +Merkel is a town in Taylor County, Texas, United States. The population was 2,471 at the 2020 census. + += = = Hamilton, Texas = = = +Hamilton is a city in and the county seat of Hamilton County, Texas, United States, in the state's central region. The population was 2,895 at the 2020 census. + += = = Daillens = = = +Daillens is a municipality in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is in the district of Gros-de-Vaud. + += = = Yuriy Meshkov = = = +Yuri Alexandrovich Meshkov (, ("Yuri Alexandrovich Meshkov"); October 25, 1945 – September 29, 2019) was a Crimean politician. He was a leader of the pro-Russian movement in Crimea. Meshkov was the only President of Crimea from 1994 to 1995. +Yuri Meshkov was born on October 25, 1945 in Synelnykove, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Ukraine (now Ukraine) of a mother of Ukrainian origin and a Russian father of Kossan Cossacks. He grew up in Simferopol, where he finished high school. When he was about eight years old, the Crimea region was officially transferred from the Russian RSFS to the Ukrainian SSR. For his military duties, he served in the Border Guard. In 1967 (in some sources in 1977), he graduated from the Faculty of Law of the Moscow State University. Until 1982, he worked as a detective and then as chief inspector in the district attorney's office. From 1982 to 1985, he spent time on the Skif scientific research yacht. After 1985 and until 1990, he worked privately as a legal consultant. At that time, he was also one of the heads of the "Memorial" department of the Crimean Illuminating Society "All-Union" and president of the Crimean kick-boxing Federation. +In 1990, Meshkov was elected deputy to the Supreme Council of Crimea (the parliament of the republic). There, he became the co-founder of the RDK (Republican Crimean Movement) party. In 1994, he headed the electoral block "Russia" for the Republican presidential elections, where he easily defeated Mykola Bahrov in the second round. Mykola Bahrov was at that time head of the Supreme Council of Crimea. In the second round of the presidential elections in Crimea in 1994, Meshkov won 72.9% and was elected only president of the republic. +Its main political program was to facilitate much closer relations with the Russian Federation until the possible reunification of Crimea with Russia. Mechkov tried to initiate a political-military union with Russia and completely ignored the positions of the Ukrainian government. He also tried to force the rotation of the Russian currency, issue Russian passports to the population of Crimea and even transfer Crimea to the same time zone as Moscow. Due to the unexpected resistance of the local opposition, Meshkov only managed to place his autonomous republic in the Moscow time zone. He also appointed the Deputy Prime Minister, Russian economist Yevgeny Saburov, who has practically become the head of government. He then said in confrontations with other government officials about the legitimacy of his designee that he did not even have a Ukrainian passport. Because of this, Yevgeny Saburov was forced to resign. After that, he managed to paralyze the work of the Supreme Council of Crimea. +In 1995, the Ukrainian Parliament repealed the Crimean Constitution and abolished the office of president on March 17, 1995. After some previous warnings in September and November 1994 on March 17, 1995, the President of Ukraine Leonid Kuchma , signed the law of Ukraine that repeals the amended Constitution of Crimea and some other laws of the Republic of Crimea, because they were contrary to the Constitution of Ukraine and jeopardized the sovereignty of Ukraine. + += = = Mark Zakharov = = = +Mark Anatolyevich Zakharov (; 13 October 1933 – 28 September 2019) was a Soviet and Russian theater and movie director and playwright. He was best known for his Soviet-era fantasy movies. He was also known for his productions of plays at Moscow's Lenkom Theatre. +He was also a professor of the Moscow Theatre Institute (GITIS). + += = = Prime Minister of Crimea = = = +The Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Crimea (; ; ) is the head of government of the Republic of Crimea, (previously the Autonomous Republic of Crimea located in the southern region of Ukraine). + += = = President of Crimea = = = +The President of the Republic of Crimea (; ) was the head of the state of the Republic of Crimea, Ukraine from February 16, 1994 to the time of its end on March 17, 1995. The post was ended as it had problems with the Constitution of Ukraine. +The first round of voting in the Crimean presidential elections was held on January 16, 1994, and on January 30, the second round was held. With 72.9% of the vote, the pro-Russian politician Yuriy Meshkov was declared the winner. He was the only person to hold the post of President of the Republic of Crimea. + += = = Kelantan Sultanate = = = +The Sultan of Kelantan is the constitutional head of Kelantan state in Malaysia. The executive power of the state is vested in him as the monarch of the state. The current sultan, Muhammad V, is the 29th Sultan of Kelantan. +He is the Head of Islam in the state and the source of all titles, honours and dignities of its people. He was the 15th Yang di-Pertuan Agong. His reign as the monarch and head of state of Malaysia or Yang di-Pertuan Agong began on 13 December 2016, after his election on 14 October 2016 at the 243th (special) Conference of Rulers. + += = = Ismail Petra of Kelantan = = = +Sultan Ismail Petra ibni Almarhum Sultan Yahya Petra (11 November 1949 – 28 September 2019) was the Sultan of Kelantan, Malaysia from 30 March 1979 until 13 September 2010. He was replaced by his son, Tengku Muhammad Faris Petra, as Sultan Muhammad V. +Sultan Ismail Petra died on 28 September 2019 at 8:11 am at the Raja Perempuan Zainab II Hospital, aged 69. + += = = Suad Beširević = = = +Suad Beširević "Suljo" (4 March 1963 – 28 September 2019) was a Slovene football manager and a professional football player. +He was thought to be as one of the best players of FK Borac Banja Luka, where he spent most of his career and where he won the 1987–88 Yugoslav Cup. He also won the 1990–91 Cypriot First Division and the 1991–92 Cypriot Cup with Apollon Limassol FC. +As a manager Beširević won the Slovenian Cup in the 2002–03 season. He also won the Slovenian Third League (West Group) with NK Šenčur in the 2008–09 season. +On 28 September 2019, Beširević died at the age of 56 after a long illness in his hometown of Ljubljana. + += = = José Aldunate = = = +José Aldunate Lyon (June 5, 1917 – September 28, 2019) was a Society of Jesus and Chilean teacher, worker, priest and human rights activist. He was awarded the National Prize for Human Rights in 2016. + += = = Joachim Messing = = = +Joachim Wilhelm "Jo" Messing (September 10, 1946 – September 13, 2019) was a German-American biologist. He was a professor of molecular biology and the fourth director of the Waksman Institute of Microbiology at Rutgers University. +Messing died at his home in Somerset, New Jersey on September 13, 2019, three days after his 73rd birthday. + += = = Somerset, New Jersey = = = +Somerset is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Franklin Township, in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the CDP's population was 22,968. + += = = Henry Buttelmann = = = +Henry "Hank" Buttelmann (June 26, 1929 – September 16, 2019) was an American fighter pilot of the United States Air Force in the Korean War and Vietnam War. He had seven victories over enemy aircraft in Korea, making him a flying ace. He gained his fifth kill on June 30, 1953, just after his 24th birthday, which made him the youngest ace of the war. +Buttelmann died on September 16, 2019 in Frankfort, Illinois at the age of 90. + += = = Karin Larsson = = = +Anna Karin Larsson (later "Ahlström", 30 August 1941 – 21 September 2019) was a Swedish swimmer. She won a bronze medal at the 1958 European Aquatics Championships in the 4×100 m freestyle relay. She competed in the same event at the 1956 and 1960 Summer Olympics and finished sixth in both games. She was eliminated in the preliminaries of the 100 m and 400 m freestyle. + += = = Chrissy Teigen = = = +Christine Diane Teigen (born November 30, 1985) is an American model, television personality and author. She made her debut in the annual "Sports Illustrated" Swimsuit Issue in 2010 and, alongside Nina Agdal and Lily Aldridge, appeared on the cover in 2014. +Since 2015, she co-hosts "Lip Sync Battle" with LL Cool J on Paramount Network. +Teigen married the singer John Legend on September 14, 2013. + += = = Delta, Utah = = = +Delta is a city in Millard County, Utah, United States. The population was 3,622 at the 2020 census. + += = = Lauren Lapkus = = = +Dorthea Lauren Allegra Lapkus (born September 6, 1985) is an American actress and comedian. She is known for playing Susan Fischer in the Netflix original series "Orange Is the New Black" and Jess in the HBO series "Crashing". +She has also made appearances on such television shows as "Jimmy Kimmel Live!", "The Middle", "Hot in Cleveland", "The Big Bang Theory", and "@midnight" and movies such as "Jurassic World". +Lauren gave birth to a daughter named Holly on July 24, 2021. + += = = Jesper Hoffmeyer = = = +Jesper Hoffmeyer (21 February 1942 – 25 September 2019) was a professor at the University of Copenhagen Institute of Biology. He was the President of the International Society for Biosemiotic Studies (ISBS) from 2005 to 2015, co-editor of the journal "Biosemiotics" and the Springer Book series in Biosemiotics. +He authored the books "Biosemiotics: An Examination into the Signs of Life and the Life of Signs" and "Signs of Meaning in the Universe" and edited "A Legacy for Living Systems: Gregory Bateson as Precursor to Biosemiotics". +Hoffmeyer died on 25 September 2019 of a heart attack at the age of 77. + += = = Giovanni Bramucci = = = +Giovanni Bramucci (15 November 1946 – 26 September 2019) was an Italian road cyclist. He was born in Civitavecchia, Italy. +In 1968 he won bronze medals in the team time trial at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City and UCI Road World Championships. He finished eighth at the Olympics and tenth at the world championships. After that he turned professional, but had little success and retired in 1971. + += = = Édith Cresson = = = +Édith Cresson (; born Édith Campion, 27 January 1934) is a French politician. She is the first woman to have held the office of Prime Minister of France from 1991 through 1992. During her tenure, many criticized her for being racist. + += = = Jean-Pierre Raffarin = = = +Jean-Pierre Raffarin (; born 3 August 1948) is a French politician. He was Prime Minister of France from 6 May 2002 to 31 May 2005. +He was also Vice President of the Senate from 2011 to 2014. + += = = Alain Juppé = = = +Alain Marie Juppé (; born 15 August 1945) is a French politician. He was a member of The Republicans. He was Prime Minister of France from 1995 to 1997 under President Jacques Chirac. He was President of the political party Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) from 2002 to 2004 and mayor of Bordeaux from 1995 to 2004. +He was Minister of Defence and Veterans Affairs from 2010 to 2011 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2011 to 2012. +He announced in 2015 his plan to run his party's primary election ahead of the 2017 presidential election. He came in second place in the first open primary of the right and centre, and in the run-off, he lost to François Fillon. + += = = Laurent Fabius = = = +Laurent Fabius (; born 20 August 1946) is a French politician of Jewish descent. He was President of the Constitutional Council since 8 March 2016. He has been a member of the Socialist Party. He was the Prime Minister of France from 17 July 1984 to 20 March 1986. Fabius was 37 years old when he was appointed and is, so far, the youngest Prime Minister of the Fifth Republic. +Fabius was also President of the National Assembly from 1988 to 1992 and again from 1997 to 2000. He was Minister of Finance from 2000 to 2002 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2012 to 2016. + += = = Ronald L. Schlicher = = = +Ronald Lewis Schlicher (September 16, 1956 – September 26, 2019) was an American diplomat and career foreign service officer. He was the Deputy Chief of Mission in Lebanon "(chargé d'affaires)" 1994–96 and United States Consul-General in Jerusalem in 2000–02. He also served as ambassador to Cyprus in 2006–08. He was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee. +Schlicher died on September 26, 2019 in Brentwood, Tennessee at the age of 63. + += = = Brentwood, Tennessee = = = +Brentwood is a suburb of Nashville, Tennessee, located in Williamson County, part of Middle Tennessee. The population was 45,373 as of the 2020 U.S. Census. + += = = Rob Garrison = = = +Robert Scott Garrison (January 23, 1960 – September 27, 2019) was an American actor. He was best known for his role as Tommy in the 1984 movie "The Karate Kid" and the second season of its spinoff "Cobra Kai", the 2018 YouTube web series. +Garrison began his acting career in 1977 in "Starship Invasions". He also had roles in the television shows "Coach", "St Elsewhere", and "MacGyver". +Garrison died on September 27, 2019. He was 59. + += = = Ruby Rose = = = +Ruby Rose Langenheim (born 20 March 1986) is an Australian model, actress, and television presenter. She is known for her role as Stella in "Orange Is the New Black". She also starred in action movies ' (2016), ' (2017) and "" (2017) and has co-starred in the musical comedy "Pitch Perfect 3" (2017) and the monster movie "The Meg" (2018). +In August 2018, Rose had been cast as Batwoman in the upcoming Arrowverse crossover and in the television series of the same name. +Rose is openly a lesbian. + += = = Aja Naomi King = = = +Aja Naomi King (born January 11, 1985) is an American actress. She began her career in guest-starring roles on television, and starred as Cassandra Kopelson in The CW medical comedy-drama "Emily Owens, M.D.". In 2014, King began starring as Michaela Pratt in the ABC legal drama series "How to Get Away with Murder". + += = = John J. Snyder = = = +John Joseph Snyder (October 25, 1925 – September 27, 2019) was an American prelate of the Catholic Church. He was the ninth bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of St. Augustine from 1979 through 2000. Snyder was born in New York City. +Snyder died on September 27, 2019 in St. Augustine, Florida at the age of 93. + += = = Joseph C. Wilson = = = +Joseph Charles Wilson IV (November 6, 1949 – September 27, 2019) was an American diplomat. He was best known for his 2002 trip to Niger to investigate allegations that Saddam Hussein was attempting to purchase yellowcake uranium. His "New York Times" op-ed piece, "What I Didn't Find in Africa"; and the leaking by the Bush administration of information about the identity of his wife Valerie Plame as a CIA agent. +He also was the CEO of a consulting firm he founded, JC Wilson International Ventures, and as the vice chairman of Jarch Capital, LLC. +From 1992 through 1995, he was the Ambassador of Gabon under the Bill Clinton presidency. +Wilson was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut. He studied at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Wilson died of multiple organ failure in Santa Fe, New Mexico at the age of 69. + += = = Viju Khote = = = +Viju Khote (17 December 1941 – 30 September 2019) was an Indian actor. He was known for his work in more than 300 movies in Hindi and Marathi cinema. He was known for his role as Kalia in the movie "Sholay". He also starred as Robert in movie "Andaz Apna Apna" and on the television series "Zabaan Sambhalke" (1993). He had also acted in Marathi theatre over the years. He was born in Bombay. +Khote died on 30 September 2019 at his Mumbai home due to multiple organ failure at the age of 77. + += = = Kate Gallego = = = +Kate Gallego (née Widland, October 21, 1981) is an American politician. She is the 61st and current Mayor of Phoenix, Arizona since 2019. +Gallego is a member of the Democratic Party. She was a member of the Phoenix City Council from 2014 to 2018. + += = = Ruben Gallego = = = +Ruben Marinelarena Gallego (born November 20, 1979) is an American politician. He is the U.S. Representative for Arizona's 7th congressional district since January 3, 2015. He is a Democrat. He was the National Chair of Eric Swalwell’s 2020 presidential campaign. +In January 2023, Gallego announced his candidacy for the United States Senate in the 2024 election. + += = = Katreese Barnes = = = +Katreese Barnes (January 3, 1963 - August 3, 2019) was a musician, musical director, and song writer, best known for being half of the pop duo Juicy with her brother Jerry Barnes, and her work on the music of "Saturday Night Live", including the hit "Dick in a Box". She died on August 3, 2019 at the age of 56, following a decades-long battle against breast cancer. + += = = Beatriz Aguirre = = = +Beatriz Aguirre (March 21, 1925 – September 29, 2019) was a Mexican movie and television actress. + += = = Chris Patten = = = +Christopher Francis Patten, Baron Patten of Barnes, (; born 12 May 1944) is a British politician. He is the 28th and final Governor of Hong Kong from 19 July 1992 until the end of British administration over the territory on 30 June 1997. He has been a Conservative member of the House of Lords since 2005. He represented Bath in the House of Commons from 1979 to 1992. + += = = Governor of Hong Kong = = = +The Governor of Hong Kong was the representative in Hong Kong of the British Crown from 1843 to 1997. In this office, the governor was president of the Executive Council and Commander-in-Chief of the British Forces Overseas Hong Kong. +The governor's roles were seen in the Hong Kong Letters Patent and Royal Instructions. After the end of British rule and the transfer of Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China in 1997 the office was abolished (ended) and replaced with the Chief Executive of Hong Kong. + += = = David Akers-Jones = = = +Sir David Akers-Jones KBE (, 14 April 1927 – 30 September 2019) was a British retired colonial administrator. He was the Chief Secretary of Hong Kong from 1985 to 1987, and was briefly Acting Governor of Hong Kong from December 1986 through April 1987. Akers-Jones was born in Worthing, Sussex. +Akers-Jones died on 30 September 2019 at a hospital in Hong Kong from colon cancer at the age of 92. + += = = Chief Secretary for Administration = = = +The Chief Secretary for Administration (), commonly known as the Chief Secretary of Hong Kong, is the most senior principal official of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. +The Chief Secretary is head of the Government Secretariat which is in charge of the administration of the Region to which all other ministers belong, and is responsible for his or her policies and actions to the Chief Executive and to the Legislative Council. +Under Article 53 of the Basic Law, the position is known as "Administrative Secretary". + += = = Matthew Cheung = = = +Matthew Cheung Kin-chung, GBM, GBS, JP (; born 20 November 1950) is a Hong Kong government official. He was the Chief Secretary for Administration from 2017 to 2021. He was the Secretary for Labour and Welfare from 2007 through 2017. + += = = Carrie Lam = = = +Carrie Lam Cheng Yuet-ngor, GBM, GBS (; "née" Cheng, born 13 May 1957) is a Hong Kong politician. She was the 4th Chief Executive of Hong Kong from 2017 to 2022. She was the Chief Secretary for Administration, from 2012 to 2017, and as Secretary for Development from 2007 to 2012. + += = = Chief Executive of Hong Kong = = = +The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China is the representative of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and head of the Government of Hong Kong. +The office was created to replace the Governor of Hong Kong. The office, followed by the Hong Kong Basic Law, was created on 1 July 1997 when the sovereignty of Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China. +List of Chief Executives of Hong Kong. +Political party: + += = = Leung Chun-ying = = = +Leung Chun-ying, GBM, GBS, JP (; born 12 August 1954), also known as CY Leung, is a Hong Kong politician. He was the third Chief Executive of Hong Kong between 2012 and 2017. + += = = Donald Tsang = = = +Donald Tsang Yam-kuen, GBM (; born 7 October 1944) is a former Hong Kong civil servant. He was the second Chief Executive of Hong Kong from 2005 to 2012. + += = = Rafael Hui = = = +Rafael Hui Si-yan (born 8 February 1948) is a Hong Kong politician. He was the Chief Secretary for Administration of Hong Kong from 2005 through 2007. +In March 2012, Hui was arrested for corruption. In December 2014, he was convicted of corruption and sentenced to 7.5 years in prison. + += = = Tung Chee-hwa = = = +Tung Chee-hwa, GBM (; born 7 July 1937) is a Shanghai-born Hong Kong businessman and politician. He was the first Chief Executive of Hong Kong after the transfer of sovereignty on 1 July 1997 to 12 March 2005. He is currently a vice-chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). + += = = Kornel Morawiecki = = = +Kornel Andrzej Morawiecki (3 May 1941 – 30 September 2019) was a Polish politician and theoretical physicist. He was born in Warsaw. Morawiecki was the founder and leader of Fighting Solidarity (Polish: "Solidarność Walcząca"). He was also a member of the 8th legislature of the Sejm, of which was also the Senior Marshal from 12 November 2015 until his death. +He was one of the candidates in the 2010 Polish presidential election, but received only 0.13% of the vote and did not make it into the second round. +His son Mateusz Morawiecki is the Prime Minister of Poland. +Morawiecki died on 30 September 2019 of pancreatic cancer in Warsaw at the age of 78. + += = = Ilkka Laitinen = = = +Ilkka Pertti Juhani Laitinen (22 August 1962 – 29 September 2019) was a Finnish military officer and poilitician. He was the lieutenant general and the Chief of the Finnish Border Guard from 2018 to 2019. He was the first Executive Director of Frontex, the European Union’s border protection agency, from 2004 until 2014. He was born in Nurmes, Finland. +Laitinen retired from the Finnish Border Guard due to ill health on 31 August 2019. He died on 29 September 2019, aged 57, due to illness. + += = = Kåre Tønnesson = = = +Kåre Dorenfeldt Tønnesson (1 January 1926 – 26 September 2019) was a Norwegian historian and professor at the University of Oslo. He was born in Ski, Norway. +Career. +He finished his secondary education at Valler in 1944. After enrolling in philological studies at the University of Oslo in 1945 he graduated with the cand.philol. degree in history in 1952. +His master's thesis into causality in the writings of Alexis de Tocqueville. In 1959 Tønnesson took the dr.philos. degree with the thesis "La défaite des sans-culottes", "The Defeat of the Sans-culottes". +He was a lecturer in history at the University of Oslo from 1958, research fellow from 1960, docent from 1964 and professor from 1969 to 1991. From 1973 to 1975 he was the dean at the Faculty of History and Philosophy. +From 1970 to 1974, he was the Chair of the Norwegian Historical Association. +After retiring from the professorship, he was a scholar in NAVF and the Research Council of Norway. +Death. +Tønnesson died on 26 September 2019 in Bærum, Norway at the age of 93. + += = = Bærum = = = +Bærum () is a city in Akershus County, Norway. The city was created as a municipality on 1 January 1838. It is a suburb of Oslo, Bærum is located on the west coast of the city. +Bærum has the highest income per capita in Norway and the highest proportion of university-educated individuals. +The municipality has been voted the best Norwegian place to live in considering governance and public services to citizens. + += = = Ski, Norway = = = +Ski is a town in the Nordre Follo municipality of Norway. Ski is located south of Oslo. + += = = Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball = = = +The Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball program is the intercollegiate men's basketball program of the University of Kansas. The program is in the NCAA's Division I. The team competes in the Big 12 Conference. Kansas is considered one of the best college basketball programs in the United States because they have won 5 overall National Championships (3 NCAA Tournament championships, 2 Helms National Championships), as well being a National Runner-Up six times. They also have the most conference titles in the United States. Kansas is the all-time record holder for most consecutive conference titles as they have 14 consecutive titles, a streak that ran from 2005 through 2018. The Jayhawks also own the NCAA record for most consecutive NCAA Tournament appearances with an active streak of 30 consecutive appearances. +In 2008, ESPN ranked Kansas second on a list of the best programs of the modern college basketball era. Kansas currently has the longest streak of consecutive NCAA tournament appearances of all-time (30). It also has the longest current streak of consecutive NCAA winning seasons (35), the most winning seasons in Division I history (97), the most non-losing seasons (.500 or better) in NCAA history (100), the most conference championships in Division I history (61), the most consecutive regular season conference titles in Division I (14), the most First Team All Americans in Division I history (22), and the most First Team All American Selections in Division I history (29). As of the last complete season, the program ranks third in Division I all-time winning percentage (.725) and second in Division I all-time wins (2,217). +Since Allen Fieldhouse opened (which is the Jayhawks home arena), in 1955, the Jayhawks have earned a well established home court advantage. Allen Fieldhouse is often considered one of the best home court advantages in college basketball. + += = = Bretigny-sur-Morrens = = = +Bretigny-sur-Morrens is a municipality of the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Cugy, Vaud = = = +Cugy is a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Echallens = = = +Echallens is a municipality in the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Rafael Trujillo = = = +Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina ( , ; 24 October 1891 – 30 May 1961), nicknamed "El Jefe" (, "The Chief" or "The Boss"), was a Dominican politician, soldier, and dictator. He ruled the Dominican Republic from August 1930 until his assassination in May 1961. He was President from 1930 to 1938 and again from 1942 to 1952. +Death. +On 30 May 1961, Trujillo was shot dead when his blue 1957 Chevrolet Bel Air was ambushed on a road outside the Dominican capital. + += = = Eclagnens = = = +Eclagnens was a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011, the former municipalities of Eclagnens, Goumoens-la-Ville and Goumoens-le-Jux merged to form the new municipality of Goumoëns. + += = = Héctor Trujillo = = = +Héctor Bienvenido ‘Negro’ Trujillo Molina (April 6, 1908 – October 19, 2002), was a general, and political figure. He was the President of the Dominican Republic from 1952 through 1960. He was the brother of Rafael Trujillo. + += = = Manuel Alejandro = = = +Manuel Álvarez-Beigbeder Pérez (born 20 February 1933), better known as Manuel Alejandro, is a Spanish composer. He is known for writing Latin love songs, which are better known as "ballads". He has written, composed, and arranged songs for Luis Miguel, Plácido Domingo, Nino Bravo, Julio Iglesias,Raphael, Hernaldo Zúñiga, José José, José Luis Rodríguez, Emmanuel, Enrique Guzmán, Isabel Pantoja, Rocío Jurado, Rudy Marquez, and Jeanette, among many others. He was born in Jerez de la Frontera, Spain. + += = = Fey, Switzerland = = = +Fey is a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = John Lynch = = = +John Harry Lynch (born November 25, 1952) is an American businessman and politician. He was the 80th Governor of New Hampshire from 2005 to 2013. Lynch was first elected governor in 2004, beating incumbent Craig Benson. Lynch won re-election in landslide victories in 2006, 2008, and in 2010. +Lynch is the most popular governor in New Hampshire history and, while in office, and was ranked among the nation's most popular governors. + += = = Essertines-sur-Yverdon = = = +Essertines-sur-Yverdon is a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Froideville, Switzerland = = = +Froideville is a municipality of the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Egyptian fraction = = = +A unit fraction is a fraction with 1 in the numerator. A fraction that is the sum of a limited number of unit fractions is an Egyptian fraction. + += = = Lussery-Villars = = = +Lussery-Villars is a municipality in the Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 1999, Lussery and Villars-Lussery joined together to become this new municipality. + += = = Arnex = = = +Arnex can mean: + += = = Dan Warner = = = +Daniel Lawrence Warner (April 22, 1970 – September 4, 2019) was an American Grammy Award- and Latin Grammy Award-winning guitarist, producer and songwriter. +Early life and career. +Warner was born and grew up in South Florida. He recorded with numerous artists and musicians, including Michael Jackson, Shakira, Madonna, Celine Dion, Barbra Streisand, and Barry Gibb, and wrote for artists like Enrique Iglesias, Lil Wayne and Mika. +He was the governor of The Recording Academy starting from 2005 and was the President of Recording Academy Florida Chapter from 2010 to 2012, and a Trustee for the period 2013 - 2017. +Awards and recognition. +During his career, Warner worked on five Grammy Award-winning projects. Warner received a Grammy for Best Latin Pop album for his work as a producer and engineer on Alejandro Sanz's 2009 album at the 53rd Grammy awards, and received four Latin Grammy awards for his work on Calle13's album, "Entren Los Que Quieran", Amaury Gutierrez's "Sesiones Intimas", Diego Torres's "Distinto" and the aforementioned "Paraíso Express." +Death. +Warner died on September 4, 2019 at the age of 49 in Hollywood, Florida of a heart attack. + += = = Hunting horn = = = +The hunting horn has no keys or valves. All tones and effects have to be produced using lips, cheeks, tongue and air pressure. Some tones are created by stopping the sound with the hand (“Ton Bouché”). +The French hunting horn was developed around 1817. It is called the “Trompe d’Orléans”. This natural horn is tuned in the D major key and has a 3 octave range. All musicians play the same kind of instrument, only the mouthpiece can be different. +The hunting horn is made of a brass alloy, and weights only 750 gr. The total length of the tube measures about 4.54 metres. + += = = Deaths in October 2019 = = = +The following is a list of deaths that should be noted in October 2019. Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting. + += = = Bonnie and Clyde (movie) = = = +Bonnie and Clyde is a 1967 American neo-noir biographical crime movie directed by Arthur Penn. It stars Warren Beatty and Faye Dunaway as characters Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker. It also stars Michael J. Pollard, Gene Hackman, and Estelle Parsons. +The movie won Academy Awards for Best Supporting Actress (Estelle Parsons) and Best Cinematography (Burnett Guffey). It was among the first 100 movies selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry. + += = = Cool Hand Luke = = = +Cool Hand Luke is a 1967 American prison drama movie directed by Stuart Rosenberg. It stars Paul Newman and George Kennedy, who won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the role. Newman stars as Luke, a prisoner in a Florida prison camp who refuses to work by rules and the system. + += = = Wayne Fitzgerald = = = +Wayne Fitzgerald (March 19, 1930 – September 30, 2019) was an American main title designer. He designed close to a thousand motion picture and television main and end title sequences for top directors. +He worked with many directors such as Francis Ford Coppola, John Huston, Mike Nichols, Robert Redford, Roman Polanski, Arthur Penn, Michael Cimino, Warren Beatty, Herbert Ross, John Hughes, and Quentin Tarantino. +Fitzgerald designed the titles for "Cool Hand Luke", "Bonnie and Clyde", "Annie", "The Bold and the Beautiful", "Footloose", "Tootsie", "The Big Chill", "Sixteen Candles", "The Breakfast Club", "Groundhog Day", "Ghost" and "Basic Instinct". +Fitzgerald died on September 30, 2019 in Whidbey Island, Washington at the age of 89. The cause was problems caused by the flu. + += = = Whidbey Island = = = +Whidbey Island (historical spellings Whidby, Whitbey, or Whitby) is the largest of the islands making up Island County, Washington, in the United States. Whidbey is about north of Seattle, and lies between the Olympic Peninsula and the I-5. It is home to Naval Air Station Whidbey Island. +Whidbey Island is home to around 66,000 residents (according to the 2020 census). + += = = Herbert Ross = = = +Herbert David Ross (May 13, 1927 – October 9, 2001) was an American stage actor, choreographer, director and producer. He worked in the stage and movies. He was known for working with Neil Simon. He directed the movies "Goodbye, Mr. Chips" (1969), "The Owl and the Pussycat" (1970), "T.R. Baskin" (1971), "Play It Again, Sam" (1972), "The Last of Sheila" (1973) and "Funny Lady" (1975). +On October 9, 2001, Ross died from heart failure in New York City at the age of 74. + += = = Ben Pon = = = +Bernardus Marinus "Ben" Pon (9 December 1936 – 30 September 2019) was a Dutch vintner and Olympian and motor racing driver. He competed in one Formula One race, the 1962 Dutch Grand Prix, but had a far longer career in sports car racing, before turning his back on the track to concentrate on the wine trade. +He also represented the Netherlands in clay pigeon shooting at the 1972 Summer Olympics, finishing 31st. +Pon was born in Amersfoort, Netherlands. He died on 30 September 2019 at the age of 82. + += = = Michael J. Pollard = = = +Michael John Pollard (born Michael John Pollack Jr.; May 30, 1939 – November 20, 2019) was an American character actor. He was best known for playing C.W. Moss in the 1967 movie "Bonnie and Clyde". The role earned him an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor nomination. +Pollard died of cardiac arrest on November 20, 2019 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 80. +Personal life. +Pollard was married to actress Beth Howland, In 2010, Pollard stated that he was Bisexual. + += = = Kylie Rae Harris = = = +Kylie Rae Harris (May 15, 1989 September 4, 2019) was an American singer-songwriter. She was born in Wylie, Texas. +Career. +At age twelve, Harris was enrolled in a vocal camp and began crafting her own songs and playing guitar. By the time she graduated from high school, Harris earned a music scholarship and a welding scholarship, but took neither and decided to press on with her musical career. She was one of the featured artists in "Troubadour, TX", a television show documenting her rising career as a Texas country singer/songwriter. +On July 1, 2010, Harris released her debut album titled "All the Right Reasons", followed by an EP in 2013 titled "Taking It Back". +In 2013, Harris began working on material for a second full-length album and toured with fellow "Troubadour, TX" star Zane Williams throughout the state. Then in March, 2019, she released a new self titled EP. +Death. +Harris died on September 4, 2019, when her car collided with another near Taos, New Mexico. She was 30 years old. She is survived by her daughter. Taos County Sheriff’s Office claimed that Harris caused the accident. The other fatality of the crash was a teenager, Maria Elena Cruz, whose vehicle Harris hit head-on. + += = = Hypocrisy = = = +Hypocrisy is not following a principle while telling someone else that they did not follow a principle. The person who does hypocrisy may not necessarily know that he is not following the principle. +A hypocrite is a person who does hypocrisy. A person who is a hypocrite will criticize at someone else not to do a certain behavior or activity but still do the same behavior or activity. For example, if Person A shouted at Person B that Person B should not talk loudly, then Person A is a hypocrite. + += = = Busbee = = = +Michael James Ryan (June 18, 1976 – September 29, 2019), known professionally as busbee, was an American songwriter, record producer, publisher, record label executive and multi-instrumentalist. +Biography. +Busbee was born in Walnut Creek, California and began playing music when he was seven years old, living in Los Angeles with his family. He later wrote and produced music, and was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2017. +Busbee marched with the World Class Drum Corps, Blue Devils +Busbee worked with a broad range of artists including Gwen Stefani, P!nk, Maren Morris, Timbaland featuring Katy Perry, Keith Urban, Jon Bellion, Kelly Clarkson, and Lady Antebellum. +Busbee died of brain cancer on September 29, 2019, in San Francisco, California, at age 43. + += = = Susan Landau Finch = = = +Susan Meredith Landau Finch (born August 13, 1960) is an American film producer, writer, and director. She has an independent film company called Wildwell Films, based in Los Angeles. She has been married to Roy Finch since November 28, 1999. They have one daughter born in 2009. +Early life. +Landau is the daughter of actors Barbara Bain and Martin Landau. Both her parents were Jewish. Her younger sister is American actress, director, producer and ballerina Juliet Landau. The sisters spent their early childhood in a Tudor style house in West Los Angeles. + += = = Laura Regan = = = +Laura Regan (born 17 October 1977) is a Canadian actress. She has had leading and supporting roles in the films "Saving Jessica Lynch" (2003), "My Little Eye" (2002), "They" (2002), "Dead Silence" (2007), and "" (2014). She had a recurring role as Jennifer Crane in the TV series "Mad Men" and starred as Agatha on "Minority Report" (2015). +Personal life. +Regan was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, the youngest in a family of seven. Regan is the daughter of Anita Carole Regan (née Harrison) and former Nova Scotia premier Gerald Regan, and sister of Geoff Regan, Speaker of the Canadian House of Commons and former federal Minister of Fisheries and Oceans, and "Live at Five's" Nancy Regan. Her maternal grandfather was Saskatchewan MP John Harrison. +Career. +Regan's first role was in M. Night Shyamalan's "Unbreakable". She landed her first starring role in Robert Harmon's "They". + += = = Strasbourg Airport = = = +Strasbourg Airport () () is an international airport in Entzheim. It is 10 km (6.2 miles) west-southwest of Strasbourg. In 2018, the airport had 1,297,177 passengers. + += = = Sion Airport = = = +Sion Airport (Military: LSMS) is the airport of the city of Sion, Switzerland. It is 2.5 km southwest of the city of Sion in the Rhône Valley. The airport was opened in 1935. + += = = EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg = = = +EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg is an international airport northwest of the city of Basel, Switzerland, southeast of Mulhouse in France, and south-southwest of Freiburg im Breisgau in Germany. It is in France in Saint-Louis near the Swiss and German borders. The airport is an hub for easyJet Switzerland with mainly flights to European metropolitan and leisure destinations. In 2018, the airport had 8,578,064 passengers. + += = = C. K. Menon = = = +Cheril Krishna Menon alias C. K. Menon, (18 September 1949 – 1 October 2019) was an Indian businessman and philanthropist. He was the chairman and chief executive officer of Behzad Corporation, headquartered in Doha, Qatar. He was awarded the 2006 Pravasi Bharatiya Samman. Menon was honored again by the Government of India, in 2009, with the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri. He was born in Thrissur, Kerala. +Menon died at a hospital in Chennai, Tamil Nadu on 1 October 2019 at the age of 70. + += = = Villars-Mendraz = = = +Villars-Mendraz was a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011 the municipalities of Villars-Tiercelin, Montaubion-Chardonney, Sottens, Villars-Mendraz and Peney-le-Jorat joined to become the new municipality of Jorat-Menthue. + += = = Eric Pleskow = = = +Eric Pleskow (April 24, 1924 – October 1, 2019) was an Austrian-born American movie producer. He was President of the movie studios United Artists and Orion Pictures. He was born in Vienna. +Under his presidency at United Artists, the company won the Academy Award for Best Picture three years in a row: "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" (1975), "Rocky" (1976) and "Annie Hall" (1977). +In 1978, Pleskow left United Artists and built up Orion Pictures, which he ran until 1992. Their greatest successes under his management were "Amadeus", "Dances with Wolves" and "The Silence of the Lambs". +From 1998 until his death, he was the President of the Vienna International Film Festival. +Pleskow died on October 1, 2019 in Westport, Connecticut at the age of 95. + += = = Vienna International Film Festival = = = +The Vienna International Film Festival, or Viennale, is a movie festival taking place every October since 1960 in Vienna, Austria. +The average number of visitors is about 75,000. At the end of the festival, the "Vienna Film Prize" is awarded. +During the festival, the "Fipresci Prize" is awarded by international movie critics. Another prize is awarded by the readers of the Austrian newspaper "Der Standard". + += = = Arto Tchakmaktchian = = = +Arto Tchakmakchian (, 26 June 1933 – 1 October 2019) was an Egyptian-born Canadian-Armenian sculptor and painter. He was a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. He was awarded by the Armenian Order of Honor in 2015. He was born in Cairo, Egypt and raised in Yerevan, Armenia. His career was based in Montreal, Canada. +In 1984 Tchakmaktchian won First Prize in the Wilfrid Pelletier Competition in Montreal for his bust of the competition's namesake. The work is on permanent display in the entrance hall of Place des Arts in Montreal. His works have also been exhibited at known museums internationally, notably in the Louvre. A notable exhibition was held at UNESCO Headquarters in Paris in 2010. +Tchakmakchian died on 1 October 2019 in Montreal at the age of 86. + += = = Mex, Vaud = = = +Mex is a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Montaubion-Chardonney = = = +Montaubion-Chardonney is a former municipality in the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011 the former municipalities of Villars-Tiercelin, Montaubion-Chardonney, Sottens, Villars-Mendraz and Peney-le-Jorat merged to form the new municipality of Jorat-Menthue. + += = = Morrens = = = +Morrens is a municipality of the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Corey Knebel = = = +Corey Knebel is a Major League Baseball player. He was MVP. + += = = Turkish delight = = = +Turkish delight or lokum is a type of sweet originating from modern day Turkey and Iran. It is mainly made out of rose water and several types of nuts. +Traditionally they are served after a meal with Turkish coffee. +There are a variety different flavours of Lokum, for example rose water, lemon and chocolate. +It is very popular throughout the Middle East and the Balkans. + += = = Ogens = = = +Ogens is a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Oppens = = = +Oppens is a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Vermilion County = = = +Vermilion County or Vermillion County is the name of several counties in the United States: + += = = George Docking = = = +George Docking (February 23, 1904 – January 20, 1964) was the 35th Governor of Kansas, serving between 1957 and 1961. +Biography. +Docking was born in Clay Center, Kansas. Docking was educated in the public schools of Lawrence, Kansas. He graduated from the University of Kansas in 1925. He married Mary Virginia Blackwell, and they had two children. +Career. +Docking was elected Governor of Kansas in 1956. He was elected again in 1958. This makes him the first member of the Democratic Party to serve more than a single term as governor in Kansas. +Death and legacy. +Docking died from emphysema in 1964 in a hospital in Kansas City, Kansas. He is interred at the Highland Park Cemetery in Kansas City, Kansas. + += = = Richardson, Texas = = = +Richardson is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Pailly, Switzerland = = = +Pailly is a municipality in the Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Pailly = = = +Pailly is the name of three municipalities in Europe: + += = = Ronald Evans (astronaut) = = = +Ronald Ellwin Evans Jr. (November 10, 1933 – April 7, 1990), (Capt, USN), was an American naval officer and aviator, electrical engineer, aeronautical engineer, and NASA astronaut. He was one of 24 people to have flown to the Moon. +Biography. +Early life and education. +Evans was born on November 10, 1933, in St. Francis, Kansas. His parents were Clarence Ellwin Evans (1911–1985) and Marie A. Evans (; 1913–1992). He had two siblings, Larry Joe Evans (1935–1951) and Jay Evans. He was active in the Boy Scouts of America. He achieved its second highest rank, Life Scout. He graduated from Highland Park High School in Topeka, Kansas in 1951. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Kansas in 1956. He received a Master of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering from the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School in 1964. He was a member of Tau Beta Pi, Society of Sigma Xi, and Sigma Nu. +NASA career. +Evans was one of the 19 astronauts chosen by NASA in April 1966. He served as a member of the astronaut support crews for the Apollo 7 and Apollo 11 flights. He was in the backup Command Module Pilot for Apollo 14. +Later years. +Evans retired from NASA in March 1977. He wanted to get a career in the coal industry. Later, he worked with Western American Energy Corporation in Scottsdale, Arizona. He was Director of Space Systems Marketing for Sperry Flight Systems. +He died in his sleep of a heart attack in Scottsdale, Arizona, on April 7, 1990. He was survived by his widow Jan, his daughter, Jaime D. Evans (born August 21, 1959), and his son, Jon P. Evans (born October 9, 1961). + += = = Danny Manning = = = +Daniel Ricardo Manning (born May 17, 1966) is an American college basketball coach and retired NBA player. He is the current men's head coach at Wake Forest. Manning played high school basketball at Lawrence High School in Lawrence, Kansas, college basketball at The University of Kansas, and played in the NBA for 14 years. After he retired from professional basketball, Manning became an assistant coach at the University of Kansas. He won the national championship with the Jayhawks in 1988 as a player. He won it again as an assistant in 2008. He is the all-time leading scorer in Kansas basketball history with 2,951 points. The next closest player to his point total is Nick Collison, who is 854 points behind Manning. +Early life. +Manning is the son of Ed Manning, who was a longtime NBA and ABA player and professional and college coach. +When he was a junior at Page High School in Greensboro, North Carolina, Manning averaged 18.8 points and nine rebounds per game. He led the Pirates to a 26–0 record and the state title. +When Ed Manning became an assistant coach at the University of Kansas before Manning's senior year, the family moved to Lawrence, Kansas. Manning went to Lawrence High School. While he was there as a senior, he was named Kansas Player of the Year. While in Lawrence High, Manning played along future United States federal judge Sri Srinivasan. +College coaching. +Wake Forest. +On April 4, 2014, Manning agreed to become the head coach at Wake Forest University. +Personal life. +Manning is the son of former NBA player, Ed Manning. Manning's own son, Evan, accepted a walk-on invitation for the men's basketball team at Kansas for the 2012–13 season. His daughter, Taylor, is a member of the Kansas volleyball team. + += = = Crystal oscillator = = = +A crystal oscillator, or system crystal, is a part of a computer. The computer uses it like a clock to keep track of time. It makes use of the mechanical resonance of the vibrating crystal, which has piezoelectric properties, in order to obtain an electric signal with a high-precision frequency. Crystal oscillators are considered superior to ceramic resonators as they have higher stability, higher quality, lower cost and are smaller in size. +These oscillators are usually made of Quartz crystal, even though other substances like Rochelle salt and Tourmaline exhibit the piezoelectric effect because, quartz is inexpensive, naturally-available and mechanically-strong when compared to others. + += = = Linear combination = = = +In math, a linear combination is the sum of multiplying each value in a set by a constant. +Example. +For a set formula_1, the linear combination can be anything in the pattern formula_2. +In this example, formula_3 and formula_4 are the constants. + += = = Sophie Grégoire Trudeau = = = +Sophie Grégoire Trudeau, (b. April 24, 1975) is the wife of the 23rd prime minister of Canada, Justin Trudeau. +She is a former television host. Trudeau is involved in charity work and public speaking. She focuses mainly on women's and children’s issues. +On March 12, 2020, Grégoire isolated herself, along with her husband, after she showed flu-like symptoms during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic. The Prime Minister's Office announced later that day that she had tested positive for COVID-19. She had recovered by March 28. +On August 2, 2023, Trudeau and Grégoire's separation was announced. + += = = Soft-tissue sarcoma = = = +A soft-tissue sarcoma (STS), is a form of sarcoma that develops in connective tissue, The term is sometimes is used for soft tissue which is not connective tissue. There are a number of types. + += = = Sarcoma = = = +A sarcoma is a cancer that comes from transformed cells of mesenchymal (connective tissue) origin. +Connective tissue is a term that includes bone, cartilage, fat, vascular, or hematopoietic tissues, and sarcomas can arise in any of these types of tissues. As a result, there are many subtypes of sarcoma. The word sarcoma is derived from the Greek ���� "sarx" meaning "flesh". + += = = Kaposi's sarcoma = = = +Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a type of cancer that can form masses in the skin, lymph nodes, or other organs. The skin lesions are usually purple in color. They can appear singularly, in a limited area, or be widespread. Lesions may be flat or raised. + += = = Lesion = = = +A lesion is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by disease or trauma. "Lesion" is derived from the Latin "laesio" "injury". Lesions may occur in plants as well as animals. + += = = Clear-cell sarcoma = = = +Clear-cell sarcoma is a rare form of cancer called sarcoma. It is known to happen mainly in the soft tissues and dermis. +Recurrence is common. +Clear cell sarcoma of the soft tissues in adults is not related to the pediatric tumor known as clear cell sarcoma of the kidney. + += = = Synovial sarcoma = = = +A synovial sarcoma (also known as: malignant synovioma) is a rare form of cancer which occurs mainly in the arms or legs. It is a type of soft-tissue sarcoma. +The name "synovial sarcoma" was created early in the 20th century, as some researchers thought that the microscopic similarity of some tumors to synovium. + += = = New York Post = = = +The New York Post (sometimes abbreviated as NY Post) is a daily newspaper in New York City. The "Post" also runs the celebrity gossip site PageSix.com and the entertainment site Decider.com, and produces the television show "Page Six TV". +It was created in 1801 by Federalist and Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, it became a respected broadsheet in the 19th century, under the name New York Evening Post. +In 1976, Rupert Murdoch, creator of Fox News, bought the "Post" for US$30.5 million. +Since 1993, the "Post" has been owned by News Corporation and its replacement, News Corp. Its distribution ranked 4th in the US in 2018. + += = = Martin Bernheimer = = = +Martin Bernheimer (September 28, 1936 – September 29, 2019) was a German-born American music critic. Bernheimer was born in Munich. He studied at Brown University. He worked for the "New York Post" and "The Los Angeles Times". During his thirty years with that paper, he was twice the recipient of ASCAP's Deems Taylor Award (1974 and 1978) and in 1982 won the Pulitzer Prize for Criticism. +Bernheimer died one day after his 83rd birthday on September 29, 2019 of sarcoma at his Manhattan home. + += = = Brett Cullen = = = +Peter Brett Cullen (born August 26, 1956) is an American actor. He was born in Houston, Texas. Cullen played Dan Fixx in the 1980s CBS drama "Falcon Crest" for two seasons (1986–88). In 2009, he had a recurring role in the ABC Family television series "Make It or Break It". +In 2011, he played stepfather to Selena Gomez's character in the romantic comedy "Monte Carlo", and in 2012, appeared as a congressman in the Batman movie "The Dark Knight Rises". In 2019, Cullen starred as Thomas Wayne in the 2019 movie "Joker". + += = = The Suicide Squad (movie) = = = +The Suicide Squad, also known as Suicide Squad 2, is an American superhero movie based on the DC Comics antihero team Suicide Squad. It is being distributed Warner Bros. Pictures. It is a standalone sequel to "Suicide Squad" (2016) and the eleventh movie in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU). +The movie, written and directed by James Gunn, stars Margot Robbie, Idris Elba, John Cena, Jai Courtney, Joel Kinnaman, Nathan Fillion, Michael Rooker, Pete Davidson, Sylvester Stallone, Storm Reid, Taika Waititi, Sean Gunn, David Dastmalchian, Peter Capaldi, and Viola Davis. +Principal photography began on September 20, 2019, at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in Atlanta, Georgia. Filming in Atlanta is expected to last three months before moving to Panama for a month. +"The Suicide Squad" was released by Warner Bros. Pictures in the United States on August 6, 2021. + += = = Michael Rooker = = = +Michael Rooker (born April 6, 1955) is an American actor. +He is best known for his roles as Henry in "" (1986), Terry Cruger in "Sea of Love" (1989), Rowdy Burns in "Days of Thunder" (1990), Bill Broussard in "JFK" (1991), Hal Tucker in "Cliffhanger" (1993), Jared Svenning in "Mallrats" (1995), Merle Dixon in AMC's "The Walking Dead" (2010–2013) and Yondu Udonta in "Guardians of the Galaxy" (2014) and "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2" (2017). + += = = Hayley Atwell = = = +Hayley Elizabeth Atwell (born 5 April 1982) is a British-American actress. She is best known for her role of Peggy Carter in various many and television series set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe and her appearance as Evelyn Robin in Disney's live-action "Winnie the Pooh" movie "Christopher Robin" (2018). + += = = James Gunn = = = +James Francis Gunn Jr. (born August 5, 1966) is an American director, screenwriter, producer, musician, and the co-CEO of DC Studios alongside producer Peter Safran. He is known for directing the Marvel Cinematic Universe movies "Guardians of the Galaxy" (2014) and its sequels, "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2" (2017) and "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3" (2023), and the DC Extended Universe movie "The Suicide Squad" (2021) and the spin-off television series "Peacemaker" (2022). He is also known for writing both "Scooby-Doo" (2002) and "" (2004). + += = = Tallulah Bankhead = = = +Tallulah Brockman Bankhead (January 31, 1902 – December 12, 1968) was an American actress. +Always known as just "Tallula", she was one of the most famous actresses of her time. She was born into a wealthy and influential Alabama family. Her father was a leading 'Southern Democrat', and in the 1930s became Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. She was a childhood friend of Zelda Fitzgerald, the wife of novelist F. Scott Fitzgerald. +Tallula was an actress from the beginning to the end of her life. She acted in nearly 300 film, stage, television, and radio roles. Her personal life was wild. She struggled with alcoholism and drug addiction. She was infamous for her sex life, which included both men and women. +Tallulah was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame in 1972, and the Alabama Women's Hall of Fame in 1981. +In her 1932 movie "Devil and the Deep" there were three major co-stars, with Tallulah getting top billing over Gary Cooper, Charles Laughton, and Cary Grant. David O. Selznick, producer of "Gone with the Wind" (1939) called her the "first choice among established stars" to play Scarlett O'Hara. According to a memo from Selznick, November 11, 1936: Bankhead is first choice among established stars – and many votes coming in for her. Although her screen test for the role in black-and-white was superb, she photographed poorly in Technicolor. Selznick also thought that at age 36, she was too old to play Scarlett, who is 16 at the beginning of the film. The role eventually went to Vivien Leigh. +Also notable was her performance in the Alfred Hitchcock film "Lifeboat" (1943–1944). It was her best on film and won her the New York Film Critics Circle award. +Onstage, Tallula appeared in a revival of Noël Coward's "Private Lives", taking it on tour and then to Broadway for the better part of two years. The play's run made her a fortune. On her death, she was worth $2 million, a vast sum in those days. + += = = Eloisa Cianni = = = +Eloisa Cianni, born Eloisa Aloisa Stukin Cianni (Rome, 21 June 1932), is a former Italian actress elected Miss Italy 1952 and Miss Europa 1953. +Biography. +After being elected Miss Italy in 1952 in Merano, and Miss Europe in 1953 in Istanbul, she got a part in the film "Villa Borghese" directed by Gianni Franciolini, imposing herself for her beauty. +Linked by friendship with the stylist Vincenzo Ferdinandi, she posed for him on the catwalk and in photo shoots. +In the next ten years she continued to work in the cinema and as model until she gave up his film career when she was not yet thirty. + += = = List of My Dear Heart episodes = = = +This is a list of episodes of "My Dear Heart" which aired on ABS-CBN's "Primetime Bida" evening block from January 23, 2017 to June 16, 2017. The series was directed by Jerome Chavez Pobocan and Jojo A. Saguin. +Series overview. +<onlyinclude> + += = = Nephrology = = = +Nephrology (from Greek" nephros" "kidney", combined with the suffix "-logy", "the study of") is a specialty of medicine and pediatric medicine that about the kidneys. It is the study of normal kidney function and kidney disease, the preservation of kidney health, and the treatment of kidney disease, from diet and medication to renal replacement therapy (dialysis and kidney transplantation). +The term "nephrology" was first used in about 1960. Before then, the specialty was usually referred to as "kidney medicine." + += = = Lucy Hawking = = = +Catherine Lucy Hawking (born 2 November 1970) is an English journalist, novelist, educator, and philanthropist. She is the daughter of the late theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking and writer Jane Wilde Hawking. She lives in London, and is best known as a children's novelist and science educator. + += = = Whamola = = = +The Whamola is a bass instrument used in funk-jazz styles of music. The name is a portmanteau of whammy bar and viola. +The Whamola is a direct descendant of the washtub bass, an American folk instrument popular with skiffle and jug bands, and features a single string which is manipulated via a pulley-and-lever system. + += = = Stent = = = +In medicine, a stent is a metal or plastic tube inserted into the lumen of an anatomic vessel or duct to keep the passageway open, and stenting is the placement of a stent. "Stent" is also used as a verb to describe the placement of such a device, particularly when a disease such as atherosclerosis has pathologically narrowed a structure such as an artery. +A stent is different from a shunt. A shunt is a tube that connects two previously unconnected parts of the body to allow fluid to flow between them. Stents and shunts can be made of similar materials but perform two different tasks. + += = = Pechino Express = = = +Pechino Express is the Italian TV version of the reality show Peking Express created by Ludo Poppe. It has been broadcast on Rai 2 since 2012. + += = = Saint-Géréon = = = +Saint-Géréon was a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2019, it became part of the new commune of Ancenis-Saint-Géréon. + += = = Joseph Bismuth = = = +Joseph Roger Bismuth (4 November 1926 – 1 October 2019) was a Tunisian businessman and politician. He was elected into the newly formed upper chamber, the Chamber of Advisors in July 2005. He was also a member of the International Council of Jewish Parliamentarians, formed in 2002. He founded the Tunisian-American Chamber of Commerce. +Bismuth died in Tunis on 1 October 2019 at the age of 92. + += = = Karel Gott = = = +Karel Gott (14 July 1939 – 1 October 2019) was a Czech pop singer. He was thought to be the most successful male singer in the former Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic. He was voted the country's best male singer in the annual "Český slavík" over forty times, most recently in 2017. Gott was born in Pilsen, Czech Republic. +100 albums and 100 compilation albums, and sold an estimated 50–100 million records worldwide, 23 million of them in the German-speaking market, and about 15 million in Czechoslovakia and its successor states (the Czech Republic and Slovakia). +In 1968, he competed in the Eurovision Song Contest with his song "Tausend Fenster". +On 12 September 2019 it was announced that Gott was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). He died on 1 October 2019 from the disease at a Prague hospital at the age of 80. + += = = Peter Sissons = = = +Peter George Sissons (17 July 1942 – 1 October 2019) was an English broadcast journalist. He was the presenter of the "BBC Nine O'Clock News" and the "BBC Ten O'Clock News" between 1993 and 2003, and earlier a newscaster for ITN. He also presented the BBC's "Question Time" programme. He retired from the BBC in 2009. +Sissons died at the age of 77 on 1 October 2019, at the Maidstone Hospital in Kent. + += = = Mathew Knowles = = = +Mathew Knowles (born 1952) is an American record executive, talent manager, and businessman. He is best known for being the manager of Destiny's Child. He also managed his daughters Beyoncé and Solange Knowles. He is the ex-husband of Tina Knowles and father-in-law of Jay-Z. He was born in Gadsden, Alabama. +In October 2019, Knowles announced that he is suffering from male breast cancer. + += = = Tina Knowles = = = +Célestine Ann Beyoncé (born January 4, 1954), known as Tina Knowles-Lawson, is an American businesswoman and fashion designer. She is known for her House of Deréon and Miss Tina by Tina Knowles fashion brands. She is the mother of singers Beyoncé and Solange Knowles. Until 2011, she was married to Mathew Knowles, the manager of Destiny's Child as well as Beyoncé. + += = = Richard Lawson (actor) = = = +Richard Lee Lawson (born March 7, 1947) is an American actor. He has starred in movies and on television. Lawson is perhaps best known for his roles as Ryan in the 1982 movie "Poltergeist" and Dr. Ben Taylor in the 1983 NBC miniseries "V". +He served 21 months in Vietnam during the Vietnam War and was wounded in action. + += = = Tiny Hill (rugby union) = = = +Stanley Frank "Tiny" Hill (9 April 1927 – 2 October 2019) was a New Zealand rugby union player and selector. Hill represented Canterbury and Counties. He was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, from 1955 to 1959. He played 19 matches for the All Blacks, two of which were as captain, including 11 internationals. +After retiring as a player, Hill was New Zealand Army and Canterbury selector, and as an All Black selector from 1981 to 1986. +Hill was born in New Plymouth, New Zealand. In 1996, he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire. Hill died in Rolleston, New Zealand on 2 October 2019 at the age of 92. + += = = Hargovind Laxmishanker Trivedi = = = +Hargovind Laxmishanker Trivedi, better known as H. L. Trivedi, (31 August 1932 – 2 October 2019) was an Indian nephrologist, immunologist, transplantation medicine and stem cell researcher. He was a known physician of transplantation medicine in India. He was a founding director of the Kidney Hospital in Ahmedabad. He performed more than 5200 kidney transplantations. He was awarded the Padma Shri in 2015. He was born in present-day Gujarat, India. +Trivedi died on 2 October 2019 in Ahmedabad, India from Parkinson's disease-related problems at the age of 87. + += = = Peney-le-Jorat = = = +Peney-le-Jorat was a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011, the former municipalities of Villars-Tiercelin, Montaubion-Chardonney, Sottens, Villars-Mendraz and Peney-le-Jorat merged to form the new municipality of Jorat-Menthue. + += = = Penthaz = = = +Penthaz is a municipality in the Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Mordicai Gerstein = = = +Mordicai Gerstein (November 24, 1935 – September 24, 2019) was an American artist, writer, and movie director. He was best known for illustrating and writing children's books. He illustrated the comic mystery fiction series "Something Queer is Going On". He directed the NBC television movie "The Berenstain Bears' Christmas Tree". He won the 2004 Caldecott Medal for U.S. picture book illustration, recognizing "The Man Who Walked Between the Towers", which he also wrote. He was born in Los Angeles, California. +Gerstein died on September 24, 2019 in Westhampton, Massachusetts of cancer at the age of 83. + += = = 2019–2020 Peruvian constitutional crisis = = = +The 2019–2020 Peruvian constitutional crisis began when President Martín Vizcarra dissolved the Congress of Peru on 30 September 2019. Congress responded by declaring Vizcarra's presidency suspended and appointed Vice President Mercedes Aráoz as interim president, moves that were largely seen as null and void. +The next day, on 1 October 2019, Aráoz announced her resignation while Vizcarra issued a decree for legislative elections to be held on 26 January 2020. + += = = Mercedes Aráoz = = = +Mercedes Rosalba Aráoz Fernández (born 5 August 1961) is a Peruvian economist, professor and politician. +She was the second Vice President of Peru of President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski from July 2016 through March 2018. After his resignation, she acted as the only Vice President of Martín Vizcarra from 23 March 2018 until her resignation on 1 October 2019. +Aráoz also was the Prime Minister, from 17 September 2017 to 2 April 2018. +On 30 September 2019, the Congress of the Republic of Peru suspended the presidency of Martín Vizcarra and named Aráoz as acting president of Peru through a disputed process. The decision was soon seen as null and void. The Peruvian Armed Forces continue to recognize Vizcarra as president of Peru and head of the armed forces. Aráoz resigned as vice president on 1 October 2019. + += = = Penthéréaz = = = +Penthéréaz is a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Salvador del Solar = = = +Salvador Alejandro Jorge del Solar Labarthe (; born 1 May 1970) is a Peruvian actor, lawyer and politician. He was the Prime Minister of Peru from being appointed by President Martín Vizcarra on 11 March 2019 until his resignation on 30 September 2019. He was Minister of Culture of Peru from 5 December 2016 to 27 December 2017 under President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski. + += = = Vicente Zeballos = = = +Vicente Antonio Zeballos Salinas (born 10 May 1963) is a Peruvian politician. On 30 September 2019, he was appointed Prime Minister of Peru by President Martín Vizcarra. He replaced Salvador del Solar following the constitutional crisis. He was the Minister of Justice until his appointed of Prime Minister. +Born in the southern region of Tacna, Zeballos began his political career as mayor of Mariscal Nieto Province in Moquegua, from 2003 to 2006. Subsequently in 2011, he was elected to Congress in for the National Solidarity Alliance, representing Moquegua and the only congressman from Union for Peru. Zeballos was reelected in 2016, running this time as an independent within Peruvians for Change. He left the parliamentary caucus in December 2017, in protest to the pardon granted to former president Alberto Fujimori by the leader of the party and then-President of Peru, Pedro Pablo Kuczynski. +In Martín Vizcarra's administration, Zeballos was appointed Minister of Justice and Human Rights, serving in the position until his appointment as Prime Minister after Salvador del Solar's resignation due to the denied confidence given by Congress, prompting its constitutional dissolution. His tenure was marked by controversy and subject of extensive media scrutiny regarding his management skills, specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru. Zeballos was succeeded in office by former Prime Minister Pedro Cateriano on July 15, 2020. + += = = Poliez-Pittet = = = +Poliez-Pittet is a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Rueyres, Switzerland = = = +Rueyres is a municipality in Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Muff = = = +A muff is a tube made of fur or other warm material into which the hands are placed for warmth. +They are rarely used today. Changes in fashion might be one reason. Also, vehicles which transport people today are usually heated. +History. +In Roman times, the place of the glove was taken by long sleeves (manicae) reaching to the hand, and in winter special sleeves of fur were worn. In Medieval Latin we find the word muffulae, defined by Du Cange as chirothecae pellitae et hibernae ("leather winter gloves"). He quotes from a cartulary of the year 817, of the issuing to monks of sheepskin coverings to be used during the winter. These may have been, as the Roman certainly were, separate coverings for each hand, although the cartulary referred to also tells apart the glove for summer from the muffulae for winter wear. The Old French moufle meant a thick glove or mitten, and from this the Dutch mof, Walloon mouffe, and from that time, English "muff", are probably made from. + += = = Saint-Barthélemy, Switzerland = = = +Saint-Barthélemy is a municipality in the of Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Sottens = = = +Sottens was a municipality in the Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011, the municipalities of Villars-Tiercelin, Montaubion-Chardonney, Sottens, Villars-Mendraz and Peney-le-Jorat joined together to become the new municipality of Jorat-Menthue. +It is known for its radio transmitter for the French language Swiss radio, built in 1931. + += = = Jorat-Menthue = = = +Jorat-Menthue is a municipality in the Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011, the former municipalities of Villars-Tiercelin, Montaubion-Chardonney, Sottens, Villars-Mendraz and Peney-le-Jorat merged to form the new municipality of Jorat-Menthue. + += = = Sugnens = = = +Sugnens was a municipality in the Gros-de-Vaud district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011 the municipalities of Dommartin, Naz, Poliez-le-Grand and Sugnens joined together to become the new municipality of Montilliez. + += = = Sullens = = = +Sullens is a municipality in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is in the Gros-de-Vaud district. + += = = Village-Neuf = = = +Village-Neuf is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France. + += = = Lowndes County, Mississippi = = = +Lowndes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, 58,879 people lived there. Its county seat is Columbus. The county is named for U.S. Congressman William Jones Lowndes. +Mississippi University for Women is located here. + += = = Paddy Roy Bates = = = +Paddy Roy Bates (19212012) was a major in the British Army during WWII. +He became a pirate radio broadcaster. This is one which broadcasts without a licence. The broadcasting was based on a platform in the North Sea, which he called the Principality of Sealand. + += = = Shigeru Miyamoto gameography = = = +The Shigeru Miyamoto gameography includes all video games directed, produced, or designed by Shigeru Miyamoto. Hired in 1977 at Nintendo Co, Ltd. by president Hiroshi Yamauchi for his toy creations, Miyamoto's video game career began as Nintendo entered the arcade video game market in the late 1970s, and continued to grow the company itself and take an increasing leadership role. His video game contributions began with arcade cabinet art, then pixel art design as in the arcade "Sheriff" (1979), full game codevelopment roles as in the arcade "Radar Scope" (1980),ukreplicawatch.is primary concept and development roles as in Nintendo's first phenomenal hit "Donkey Kong" (1981), and his first console-only game "Devil World" (1984). Miyamoto has become one of the most influential video game designers of all time, having started video game franchises such as "Super Mario" and "The Legend of Zelda". + += = = Bill Bidwill = = = +William Vogel Bidwill Sr. (July 31, 1931 – October 2, 2019) was an American businessman, philanthropist, and the owner of the Arizona Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL). He had co-owned the team from 1962 for ten seasons with his brother Charles Jr. and had been sole owner from 1972 until his death in 2019. +Bidwill died at age 88 on October 2, 2019 in Phoenix, Arizona. + += = = Armando Villanueva = = = +Armando Villanueva Del Campo (25 November 1915 – 14 April 2013) was a Peruvian politician. He was the leader of the Peruvian American Popular Revolutionary Alliance. Villanueva was born in Lima. He was the Prime Minister of Peru from 17 May 1988 through 15 May 1989 during Alan García's first presidency. +Political career. +At the age of 15 Villanueva became a member of APRA's "Juventud Aprista Peruana" in opposition to the military dictatorship of Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro. At the age of 18 he was imprisoned in El Frontón prison (located on the small island of "San Lorenzo" off the coast of Callao, Lima's main port) for his subversive activities in Peru. He was a political ally and personal friend of Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre, the founder and most prominent leader of the APRA party. +Villanueva spent most of his early life in different prisons for his political activities. In 1940, along with other APRA political activists, Villanueva was exiled to Chile. Between the 1940s and 1960s Villanueva spent his time in between Peruvian prisons and deportations to Chile and Argentina. While living in Santiago he met and married Lucia Ortega. They had a daughter: Lucia del Pilar Villanueva Ortega. +In late 1961, before a general amnesty was granted to members of APRA, Villanueva entered Peru secretly. He needed to start organizing the multiple party cells in preparation for their return to full political activities. Afraid that he would be caught, he sought refuge at his cousin's house in San Isidro. Ana Maria Villanueva de Riva-Vercellotti was married to an Italian, and Armando was convinced that Peru's secret police would never find him there. He was able to stay there, unperturbed, till full amnesty was granted. +From 1963 to 1968 Villanueva served as a deputy in the lower house of the Peruvian legislature representing Lima, serving as President of the Chamber of Deputies from 1967 to 1968. Villanueva led the Aprista opposition to the military government of Juan Velasco. +The death of Haya de la Torre in 1979 propelled Villanueva to the leadership of the APRA party. As leader of the party Villanueva ran for the presidency in 1980 resulting in a second-place loss to the "Popular Action" party candidate Fernando Belaúnde. It is said that he lost the elections because the opposition mounted a negative campaign against him, claiming that he was married to a Chilean-born citizen. Chile's victory in the "Guerra del Pacifico" in 1883, which resulted in Peru losing a large chunk of its southern border to Chile, is still a subject of bad feeling in Peru. +In 1985 Villanueva was elected to the Peruvian Senate and elected as the President of the Senate from July 1986 to July 1987. During the presidency of Alan García, he served as prime minister from 1988 to 1989. In 1990, Villanueva was elected to his last term in the Senate, from 1990 to 1992 when Alberto Fujimori shut down Congress. +Last years. +Villanueva retired in 2005, at the age of 90, to dedicate the rest of his life to his family and writing. In May 2005, with the death of his cousin Ana Maria, he also assumed the title of family patriarch. Villanueva died of a heart attack in Lima on 14 April 2013 at the age of 97. + += = = Jorge Ortiz de Pinedo = = = +Jorge Ortiz de Pinedo Pallás (born March 26, 1948) is a Mexican comedian, actor, movie director, screenwriter, television producer and host. He was born in Mexico City. He is known for his telenovela roles in "Dos mujeres en mi casa" (1984), "Dr. Cándido Pérez" (1987), "Cero en conducta" (1999), "Humor es... los comediantes" (1999), "La escuelita VIP" (2004), "La casa de la risa" and "Dos hogares" (2011). +In 2013, Ortiz de Pinedo was diagnosed with lung cancer. He retired in July 2019. + += = = Edward Cassidy = = = +Edward Idris Cassidy AC (5 July 1924 – 10 April 2021) was an Australian Roman Catholic cardinal priest. He was the President of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity. He was in charge of the Commission of the Holy See for Religious Relations with the Jews. He was made a cardinal on 28 June 1991. He spent most of his career in the diplomatic service of the Holy See. Cassidy was born in Sydney. +Cassidy died on 10 April 2021 in Newcastle, New South Wales at the age of 96. + += = = Kim Shattuck = = = +Kimberly Dianne Shattuck (July 17, 1963 – October 2, 2019) was the lead punk rock singer-songwriter and guitarist. She was known for her works with the band The Muffs. From 1985 to 1990, she was a member of The Pandoras. +In 2001, she was a singer, guitarist and songwriter for "The Beards", a superpop side project composed of Shattuck, Lisa Marr, and Sherri Solinger. +Shattuck was born in Los Angeles, California. She was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in 2017. Shattuck died from problems relating to the disease on October 2, 2019 at the age of 56. + += = = Adam Maida = = = +Adam Joseph Maida (born March 18, 1930) is an American cardinal prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was born in East Vandergrift, Pennsylvania. He was the Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Detroit, Michigan, from 1990 to 2009. He was elevated to Cardinal in 1994. +Cardinal Maida was the bishop of the Diocese of Green Bay, Wisconsin, from 1984 to 1990. + += = = East Vandergrift, Pennsylvania = = = +East Vandergrift is a borough in Westmoreland County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The population was 602 at the 2020 census. + += = = Juan Sandoval Íñiguez = = = +Juan Sandoval Íñiguez (; born 28 March 1933) is a Mexican Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was born in Yahualica de González Gallo, Jalisco. He was Archbishop of Guadalajara from April 1994 through December 2011. + += = = North American F-82 Twin Mustang = = = +The North American F-82 Twin Mustang is the last American propeller fighter ordered into production by the United States Air Force. Based on the P-51 Mustang, the F-82 was originally designed as a long-range escort fighter in World War II. The war ended well before the first produced units were operational. Then Haydn Douglas Griffiths Completed the first restoration of the aircraft making it fully operational, he did this amazing feat with his co-partner Eryk Alexander Deryniowski +Who was Russian refugee after Destalinization Who Then went on to become a worker in Lockheed. + += = = Canton, Massachusetts = = = +Canton is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 24,370 at the 2020 census. It is part of Greater Boston, about 15 miles (24 kilometers) southwest of downtown Boston. + += = = Guilford, Vermont = = = +Guilford is a town in Windham County, Vermont, United States. The town was named for Francis North, 1st Earl of Guilford. The population was 2,120 at the 2020 census. + += = = Selz, North Dakota = = = +Selz is a census-designated place (CDP) and unincorporated community in Pierce County, North Dakota, United States. Its population was 40 as of the 2020 census. + += = = Jayankondam = = = +Jayankondam is the town in Udayarpalayam taluk. It is near Gangaikonda Cholapuram, the famous Brihadeshwara Temple. It is 10 km away from Jayankondam. It was ruled by Cholas. Jayankondam is well known the cashew nuts. + += = = Villars-le-Terroir = = = +Villars-le-Terroir is a municipality in the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Villars-Tiercelin = = = +Villars-Tiercelin was a municipality in the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011 the former municipalities of Villars-Tiercelin, Montaubion-Chardonney, Sottens, Villars-Mendraz and Peney-le-Jorat merged to form the new municipality of Jorat-Menthue. + += = = Vuarrens = = = +Vuarrens is a municipality in the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Vufflens-la-Ville = = = +Vufflens-la-Ville is a municipality in the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Diogo Freitas do Amaral = = = +Diogo Pinto de Freitas do Amaral (; 21 July 1941 – 3 October 2019), known as Freitas do Amaral, was a Portuguese politician, writer and law professor. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 12 March 2005 to 3 July 2006. He also was the Prime Minister in an acting role from 4 December 1980 through 9 January 1981. He was born in Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal. +Frietas do Amaral was a candidate for president in 1986 and lost to Mário Soares by a small percentage. He was President of the United Nations General Assembly from 1995 through 1996. +In September 2019, Frietas do Amaral was hospitalized in critical condition for bone cancer at a Cascais hospital. He died at the hospital on 3 October 2019 at the age of 78. + += = = Arnex-sur-Nyon = = = +Arnex-sur-Nyon is a municipality in the district Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Cascais = = = +Cascais () is a municipality in the Lisbon District of Portugal, located on the Portuguese Riviera. The population in 2011 was 206,479. It has an area of 97.40 km2. Cascais is an important tourist city. + += = = Arzier = = = +Arzier is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Póvoa de Varzim = = = +Póvoa de Varzim (, ) is a Portuguese city in Northern Portugal and sub-region of Greater Porto. In 2001, there were 63,470 inhabitants, with 42,396 living in the city proper. It is the seventh-largest cities in Portugal and the third largest in Northern Portugal. + += = = Aračinovo Municipality = = = +Aračinovo Municipality ( , ) is a municipality in the northern part of the Republic of North Macedonia. "Aračinovo" is also the name of the village where the municipal seat is found. The municipality is in the Skopje Statistical Region. In 2002, 11,597 people lived there. +Geography. +Aračinovo Municipality borders with Lipkovo Municipality to the north, the City of Skopje to the west, Petrovec Municipality to the south and Kumanovo Municipality to the east. + += = = Jafar Kashani = = = +Jafar Ashraf Kashani (, March 21, 1944 – October 2, 2019) was an Iranian football player. He played for Persepolis F.C. until 1974 when he was captain. Then he was hired by Ministry of Foreign Affairs and worked in embassies in Germany and UAE. +He was also a member of board of directors at IRIFF and Persepolis. From 1968 through 1974, he played for the national team. +Kashani was born in Tehran. He died on 2 October 2019 from a heart attack in Tehran at the age of 75. + += = = Gevgelija Municipality = = = +Gevgelija (, "Opština Gevgelija") is a municipality in the southern part of the Republic of North Macedonia. "Gevgelija" is also the name of the town where the municipal seat is found. Gevgelija Municipality is in the Southeastern Statistical Region. In 2002, 22,988 people lived there. +Geography. +The municipality borders Kavadarci Municipality to the west, Demir Kapija Municipality to the northwest, Valandovo Municipality to the northeast, Bogdanci Municipality to the east, and Greece to the south. + += = = Richard Jewell = = = +Richard Allensworth Jewell (born Richard White; December 17, 1962 – August 29, 2007) was an American police officer and security guard. He was born in Danville, Georgia. +He was known for working as a security guard for AT&T during the Centennial Olympic Park bombing at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. He found a backpack filled with three pipe bombs on the park grounds, Jewell called the police and helped to evacuate the area before the bomb exploded, saving many people from injury or death. +After the bombing, Jewell was seen as a hero but later he was viewed as a suspect, before being cleared. Jewell's case is considered an example of the damage that can be done by media reporting based on unreliable or incomplete information. +Despite never being charged, the media continued to criticize Jewell and calling him the suspected bomber. Jewell was eventually found not guilty, and Eric Rudolph was later found to have been the bomber. +In 2006, Governor Sonny Perdue publicly thanked Jewell on behalf of the State of Georgia for saving the lives of those at the Olympics. +Jewell died on August 29, 2007 of heart failure caused by diabetes in Woodbury, Georgia at age 44. +In 2019, Clint Eastwood directed a movie about him titled "Richard Jewell". + += = = Detroit, Oregon = = = +Detroit is a city in Marion County, Oregon, United States. The population was 203 at the 2020 census. +In September, 2020, the city was burned to the ground by a wildfire. + += = = Danville, Georgia = = = +Danville is a town in Twiggs and Wilkinson counties in the U.S. state of Georgia. The population was 165 at the 2020 census. + += = = Woodbury, Georgia = = = +Woodbury is a town in Meriwether County, Georgia, United States. The population was 908 at the 2020 census. + += = = Aumsville, Oregon = = = +Aumsville is a city in Oregon in the United States. + += = = Turner, Oregon = = = +Turner is a city in Oregon in the United States. + += = = Tyrone, Oklahoma = = = +Tyrone is a town in Oklahoma in the United States. + += = = Lake County, Indiana = = = +Lake County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. In 2020, its population was 498,700, making it Indiana's second-most populous county. The county seat is Crown Point. +This county is part of the Chicago metropolitan area. + += = = Belle Rive, Illinois = = = +Belle Rive is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Vœgtlinshoffen = = = +Vœgtlinshoffen is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France. It is about south of Colmar. + += = = Vogelgrun = = = +Vogelgrun is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France. + += = = Walbach = = = +Walbach is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France. + += = = Walheim, Haut-Rhin = = = +Walheim is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France. + += = = Waltenheim = = = +Waltenheim is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France. + += = = Wentzwiller = = = +Wentzwiller is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France. In 2016, 745 people lived there. + += = = Westhalten = = = +Westhalten is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France. +The D18BIS and D5 roads pass through Westhalten. + += = = Baden, Morbihan = = = +Baden ("Baden" in Breton) is a commune in the Morbihan department in Brittany in northwestern France. + += = = Madison County, Mississippi = = = +Madison County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, 109,145 people lived there. Its county seat is Canton. The county is named for James Madison, 4th President of the United States (1809–1817). + += = = Belgium, Illinois = = = +Belgium is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Crainville, Illinois = = = +Crainville is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Energy, Illinois = = = +Energy is a village in Williamson County, Illinois in the United States. In 2020, it had a population of 974. + += = = Bassins = = = +Bassins is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Begnins = = = +Begnins is a municipality in Nyon, in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Andalusia, Illinois = = = +Andalusia is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Milan, Illinois = = = +'Milan ( ) is a village in Rock Island County, Illinois, United States. The population was 5,097 at the 2020 census. +The village is located near the Quad Cities of Illinois and Iowa. + += = = Campus, Illinois = = = +Campus is a village in Round Grove and Broughton townships, Livingston County, Illinois. The population was 149 at the 2020 census. + += = = Widensolen = = = +Widensolen is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of east France. + += = = Wickerschwihr = = = +Wickerschwihr is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of east France. + += = = Bogis-Bossey = = = +Bogis-Bossey is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Tsada = = = +Tsada is a Village in Cyprus in the Paphos District. Paphos is 8 kilometres south of Tsada. +Climate. +The Climate in Tsada is classified as Csa "Meditteranean" and has an average annual temperature of 16.7° C . +Topography. +Tsada is 8 kilometres north of Paphos and lies at an altitude of 600 metres above sea level. +Nearby villages. +Tsada is connected on the northeast by the villages Kallepia, (3.5 km) Letimbou, (6 km) and Polemi (8 km). In the south it is connected with the village of Armou (6 km). In the southwest it is connected with Tala and the monastery of Agios Neophytos. + += = = Paphos = = = +Paphos is a city in west Cyprus. It is the capital of Paphos District. In 2018, 63,600 people lived in the urban area. +The town is a UNESCO World Heritage site for the ancient Greek and Roman city ruins. + += = = Kallepia = = = +Kallepia is a village in Cyprus in the Paphos District. The village is very near Tsada Village. +Topography. +The village is located at an altitude of above sea level. + += = = Kili = = = +Kili is a village in Cyprus in the Paphos District. +Nearby villages. +Akoursos is west of Kili and Kathikas north of Kili. + += = = Safety razor = = = +A safety razor is a shaving implement with a protective device put between the edge of the blade and the skin. The reason for the protective devices was to make it easier for people to shave without getting hurt. This made professional barbers less needed. The term was first used in a patent issued in 1880. +Plastic disposable razors and razors with replaceable blade attachments are in common use today. Razors commonly include one to five cutting edges, which are sharp. +Design. +Safety razors first had an edge protected by a comb patterned on different types of protective guards that had been placed to open-blade straight razors during the preceding decades. +Lifespan. +To maintain the sharpness, razors can be stropped using an old strip of denim. +Safety razors are usually made of razor steel. That is a low chromium stainless steel, and it can be made very sharp. However, it corrodes easily. Drying the blades after using them can make them last longer. Salt from human skin also can corrode the blades, but washing and carefully drying them can make them last longer. + += = = Kathikas = = = +Kathikas is a village in Cyprus in the Paphos District. +Topography. +Kathikas is located approximately 650 metres above sea level. +Nearby villages. +Theletra is to the East of Kathikas. + += = = Disposable product = = = +A disposable (also called disposable product) is a product designed to be used only once, and then it would be recycled or is thrown away as solid waste. The word often implies cheapness and short-term convenience instead of something that will last for a long time. The term is also sometimes used for products that may last several months (e.g. disposable air filters) to distinguish from similar things that last forever (e.g. washable air filters). +Word meaning. +"Disposable" is an "adjective" meaning "something not reuseable but is disposed of after use". Many people now use the word as a noun or substantive (i.e. "a disposable") but it is still an adjective. This is because the "noun" (product, nappy, etc.) is implied. + += = = Cannonball Run = = = +Cannonball Run is a 1981 American Hong Kong action comedy movie starring Burt Reynolds, Jackie Chan, Dom DeLuise and Farah Fawcett. + += = = Disposable and discretionary income = = = +Disposable income is the income someone has after they have paid their taxes. Mathematically, it is total personal income minus personal current taxes. In national accounts definitions, personal income minus personal current taxes equals disposable personal income. + += = = Autonomous consumption = = = +Autonomous consumption (also exogenous consumption) is when people are paying for things when they have no income. In other words, it is the consumption expenditure that happens when income levels are zero. Such consumption is considered autonomous of income only when spending on these consumables does not change much income is changed; generally, it may be needed to pay for things that are needed and pay off debt. If income levels are actually zero, this consumption is called dissaving. This is because it is paid for by borrowing or using up savings. Autonomous consumption is different from induced consumption because it does not consistently change with income, whereas induced consumption does. The two are related, for all households, through the consumption function: +where + += = = Consumption function = = = +In economics, the consumption function shows a relationship between consumption and disposable income. It is believed that John Maynard Keynes introduced the idea in macroeconomics in 1936. He used it to develop the idea of a government spending multiplier. +Details. +Its simplest form is the "linear consumption function". It is used often in simple Keynesian models: +where formula_2 is the autonomous consumption that is independent of disposable income; in other words, consumption when there is no income. The term formula_3 is the induced consumption that is influenced by the economy's income level. It is generally assumed that there is no correlation or dependence between formula_4 and "C". + += = = Induced consumption = = = +Induced consumption is the part of consumption that changes with disposable income. It is when there is a change in disposable income “induces” (persuades or makes someone want to do something) a change in consumption on goods and services. In contrast, spending for autonomous consumption do not change with income. For example, spending on a consumable that is considered a normal good would be considered to be induced. +In the simple linear consumption function, +formula_1 +induced consumption is represented by the term formula_2, where formula_3 shows disposable income. formula_4 is called the marginal propensity to consume. + += = = Ferrodraco = = = +Ferrodraco lentoni, "Lenton's Iron Dragon", is a species of pterosaur. The only known fossil of the pterosaur was found in 2017 north east of Winton, Queensland, Australia. +The pterosaur had a wingspan of about four metres, and when on the ground walked on its four limbs. The name, "Ferrodraco lentoni", comes from the Latin word, "ferrum" (iron), for the ironstone in which the fossil was found, and "draco", the Latin word for dragon. The species also is named after Graham Thomas 'Butch' Lenton, who was the mayor of Winton. +Only small parts of 15 different pterosaurs have been found in Australia. "Ferrodraco" is the most complete specimen found. Scientists have been able to identify five vertebrae, eight limb bones, a large part of the jaw and skull, and 40 teeth. They believe that the pterosaur lived about 96 million years ago. That is in the Upper Cretaceous. +The fossil is similar to pterosaurs found in England, except that it has much smaller teeth. This might be because of the type of food it ate, perhaps a diet of fish. Bones of pterosaurs were thin, and hollow, and because of this, very few have survived. +Winton is well known as an area where dinosaur fossils are found, but this was the first pterosaur discovered here. + += = = Marginal propensity to consume = = = +In economics, the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is a measurement that can put induced consumption into numbers. Induced consumption is the idea that an increase in personal consumer spending (consumption) happens with an increase in disposable income (income after taxes and transfers). The proportion of disposable income which people spend on consumption is called the propensity to consume. MPC is the proportion of more income that a person spends. For example, if a household earns one extra dollar of disposable income, and the marginal propensity to consume is 0.65, then the household will spend 65 cents and save 35 cents of that dollar. Obviously, the household cannot spend "more" than the extra dollar (without borrowing). +John Maynard Keynes says that the marginal propensity to consume is less than one. +The MPC is higher for poorer people than in rich. +Background. +Mathematically, the formula_1 function is written as the derivative of the consumption function formula_2 with respect to disposable income formula_3, i.e., the instantaneous slope of the formula_2-formula_3 curve. +or, approximately, +Marginal propensity to consume can be found by dividing change in consumption by a change in income, or formula_10. The MPC can be explained with the simple example: +Here formula_11; formula_12 +Therefore, formula_13 or 83%. +For example, suppose you receive a bonus with your paycheck, and it's $500 on top of your normal annual earnings. You now have $500 more in income than you did before. If you decide to spend $400 of this marginal increase in income on something, your marginal propensity to consume will be 0.8 (formula_14). + += = = Consumer spending = = = +Consumer spending, consumption, or consumption expenditure is when people buy goods and services. It is the biggest part of aggregate demand in macroeconomics. There are two parts of consumer spending: induced consumption (which is changed by the level of income) and autonomous consumption (which is not). +Data. +United States. +In the United States, the Consumer Spending figure published by the Bureau of Economic Analysis includes three big categories of personal spending. + += = = Aggregate demand = = = +In macroeconomics, Aggregate Demand (AD) or Domestic Final Demand (DFD) is the total demand for final goods and services in an economy at a time. This is the demand for the gross domestic product of a country. It shows the amount of goods and services that will be bought at all possible different prices. + += = = Tommy Douglas = = = +Thomas Clement Douglas (20 October 1904 – 24 February 1986) was a Canadian socialist politician from Saskatchewan. +Douglas founded a political party called the CCF representing socialism and the working class. Douglas was elected Premier of Saskatchewan and created universal healthcare for it. Douglas’s health plan was copied by other provinces and spread to all of Canada. Douglas also created a Socialist political party called the New Democratic Party or NDP. +Douglas is generally very respected because he created Canada’s universal healthcare system but recently some people have suggested that he should not be that praised because in the 1930’s he was a supporter of eugenics. +Douglas died of cancer on 24 February 1986, at the age of 81 in Ottawa. His daughter, Shirley Douglas, was an actress. + += = = Isaac Promise = = = +Promise Isaac (2 December 1987 – 2 October 2019) was a Nigerian football player. He last played for Austin Bold FC in the USL Championship. He was the captain of the football team representing Nigeria that won the silver medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. +He played professionally for 14 seasons, much of which was spent in Turkey. He scored a total of 77 club goals during his career. Promise was born in Zaria, Nigeria. +Isaac died of a heart attack on October 2, 2019 in Austin, Texas, at age 31. + += = = Hu Yamei = = = +Hu Yamei (; 27 April 1923 – 3 October 2019) was a Chinese physician and medical researcher. She was President of Beijing Children's Hospital, and co-founded Beijing Hu Yamei Children's Medical Research Institute (BHI). She was an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering from 1994 through 2019. She researched leukemia and she cured more than 700 children. +Hu died of illness in Beijing on 3 October 2019, aged 96. + += = = Pedro Passos Coelho = = = +Pedro Manuel Mamede Passos Coelho (; born 24 July 1964) is a Portuguese politician and university teacher. He was the 118th Prime Minister of Portugal, in office from 2011 to 2015. He was the leader of the Social Democratic Party (PSD) between 2010 and 2018. + += = = Pedro Santana Lopes = = = +Pedro Miguel de Santana Lopes GCC (; born 29 June 1956), a Portuguese lawyer and politician. He was Prime Minister of Portugal from 2004 to 2005. + += = = José Sócrates = = = +José Sócrates Carvalho Pinto de Sousa, GCIH (born 6 September 1957), commonly known as José Sócrates (), is a Portuguese politician. He was the Prime Minister of Portugal from 12 March 2005 to 21 June 2011. In 2007, he acted as the President-in-Office of the Council of the European Union. +In April 2021, the court ruled José Socrates will be tried for acts of money laundering and falsification of documents but was dismissed for three charges of corruption. + += = = Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo = = = +Maria de Lourdes Ruivo da Silva de Matos Pintasilgo, (); (Abrantes, São João Baptista, 18 January 1930 – Lisbon, 10 July 2004) was a Portuguese chemical engineer and politician. She was the first and to date only woman to serve as Prime Minister of Portugal, and the second woman to serve as Prime Minister in Western Europe, after Margaret Thatcher. +Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo died of cardiac arrest at her home in Lisbon on 10 July 2004, aged 74. + += = = Carlos Mota Pinto = = = +Carlos Alberto da Mota Pinto, , , (; Pombal, 25 July 1936 – Coimbra, 7 May 1985) was a Portuguese professor and politician. + += = = Alfredo Nobre da Costa = = = +Alfredo Jorge Nobre da Costa, (Lisbon, Lapa, 10 September 1923 — Lisbon, 4 February 1996), commonly known just by Nobre da Costa (), was a Portuguese engineer and politician. + += = = Mountain View Unit = = = +The Mountain View Unit is a women's prison in Gatesville, Texas, USA. The murderer of Selena Quintanilla was held there. + += = = Europa Universalis IV = = = +Europa Universalis IV (EU4 in short) is a video game in the Europa Universalis set of games. It is made by Paradox Interactive. It came out in August 2013. The game is a strategy game. Players can play as a country between the years of 1444 and 1821. Players can trade, build colonies, and fight other countries in war. + += = = Eisenhower Executive Office Building = = = +The Eisenhower Executive Office Building, formerly known as the Old Executive Office Building, and the State, War, and Navy Building, is a U.S. government building situated just west of the White House in the U.S. capital of Washington, D.C. +The building was commissioned by President Ulysses S. Grant. It was built between 1871 and 1888, on the site of the original 1800 War/State/Navy Building and the White House stables. It is built in the French Second Empire style which caused a lot of criticism at the time. It did not fit in with other government buildings in the city which were designed in the neoclassical style. Mark Twain said it was "the ugliest building in America." President Harry S. Truman called it "the greatest monstrosity in America." Historian Henry Adams called it Mullett's “architectural infant asylum.” +It is now listed as a National Historic Landmark. +It was for years the world's largest office building, with 566 rooms and about ten acres of floor space. In 1981, work began to restore the building. The main office of the Secretary of the Navy was restored in 1987 and is now used as the ceremonial office of the Vice President of the United States. Many White House employees have their offices in the EEOB. + += = = Congerville, Illinois = = = +Congerville is a village in Illinois in the United States. It is in Woodford County. + += = = Ord, Nebraska = = = +Ord is a city in Valley County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 2,113 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Valley County. + += = = Hubert Blaine Wolfeschlegelsteinhausenbergerdorff Sr. = = = +Hubert Blaine Wolfe­schlegel­stein­hausen­berger­dorff Sr. (a.k.a. Hubert Wolfstern, Hubert B. Wolfe + 988 Sr., Hubert Blaine Wolfe+585 Sr., and Hubert Blaine Wolfe+590 Sr., among others) is the shortened name of a man who has had the record for the longest personal name ever used. Hubert's given name is made up from 27 names. Each of those names start with a different letter of the alphabet in alphabetical order; these are followed by an very longword surname. No one can agree on the exact length and spelling of his it. This is because it has been spelled differently over the years. Many of those spellings have mistakes in them. One of the longest and most reliable published versions, with a 666-letter surname, is: +Biography. +Wolfe­schlegel­stein­hausen­berger­dorff was born in Bergedorf (now part of Hamburg), Germany. Later, he moved to Philadelphia in the United States. His birthdate has been given as February 29, 1904. However, he was also reported to be age 47 in a 1964 story. Philadelphia County death records list a birthdate of August 4, 1914. + He became a typesetter according to Bennett Cerf. +He is also known to have been a member of the American Name Society for a while. +His name first got attention when it was shown in the 1938 Philadelphia telephone directory on page 1292, column 3, line 17, and in a court order of judge John Boyle of May 25, 1938: "Wolfe­schlegel­stein­hausen­berger­dorff, Jr., etc., vs. Yellow Cab Co., petition for compromise settlement granted"—with people believing that the case was settled because "they couldn't pronounce it". +In the 1970s and 1980s, Wolfe­schlegel­stein­hausen­berger­dorff appeared in the "Guinness Book of World Records" as having the longest personal name. His picture was taken for the book in front of a New York City marquee displaying his name. His name was misspelled. + += = = Lucy Flores = = = +Lucy Flores (born October 24, 1979) is an American lawyer and politician. She is a member of the Democratic Party. She was a member of the Nevada State Assembly representing the 28th district from 2011 to 2015. She was an unsuccessful candidate for lieutenant governor in 2014. She was born in Glendale, California. +In March 2019, Flores wrote an op-ed for "New York" magazine's "The Cut" alleging then Vice President Joe Biden "inappropriately kissed and touched her after he offered to help her with her 2014 campaign" while the two were at a Las Vegas campaign rally. + += = = Iliad Italia = = = +Iliad Italia S.p.A. is an Italian telephone company, part of the Iliad SA group. +In December 2022, with 9.56 million active lines, it is the fourth mobile operator in Italy following Wind Tre, TIM and Vodafone Italy. +History. +Iliad Italia was founded in 2016 as an Italian subsidiary of the French group Iliad SA. In 2017, in view of the launch and in compliance with the provisions of the European Commission, the acquisition of the frequencies ceased by Wind Tre began following the merger of Wind and 3 Italy; as of 31 December 2017, Iliad has acquired almost 300 of the sites abandoned by Wind Tre, while the remaining will be transferred, according to the agreements, by the end of 2019. +The French holding said it would invest more than €1 billion for the launch and development of the new Italian mobile operator (including those to win the new 5G frequencies in Italy) and also expected about a thousand hires. +On 16 January 2018 the name of the Italian administrator of Iliad Italia, Benedetto Levi, was officially announced, together with the presentation of the new logo and the institutional website. As part of the implementation of the infrastructures required to cover the Italian territory with its own network, on 16 February 2018, an agreement was reached with the Spanish group Cellnex, which provides Iliad Italia with over 7700 cellular antennas in Italy. Finally, on 29 May 2018, the official launch of the operator takes place, in conjunction with the presentation of the commercial offer and the start of the sale of SIM cards with new numbers or to carry out the number portability from other phone operators. On 18 July 2018, just under two months after its launch, Iliad Italia officially announced that it had reached one million customers between requests for portability and new subscriptions. On 4 September 2018, the Iliad group releases the results of the first half of 2018, reporting the achievement – by early August – of one and a half million customers in Italy; actually, on 6 September 2018, Iliad Italia issues a press release confirming the achievement of two million customers. +Simbox distributions. +Iliad introduced the Simboxes in Italy, a new type of sales point, conceived and created by the French group, "Aures" and already in use since 2014 on the French market by Free Mobile; these are SIM card vending machines, which allow customers to register and purchase it independently. +Network. +Iliad signed an agreement, respectively, with Cellnex (February 2018) and INWIT (February 2019) in order to install its antennas on their towers. +Iliad Italia utilises, inter alia, CommScope telecommunications equipment and collaborates with Cisco Systems (April 2019) and Nokia (September 2019) to implement a state-of-the-art national network (IPv6) in Italy based on segment routing (SRv6) and to achieve its 5G network. + += = = Paisley (design) = = = +Paisley means a distinctive intricate pattern of curved feather-shaped figures based on an Indian pine-cone design. +For example "a paisley silk tie" + += = = Body positivity = = = +Body positivity is a social movement that believes that people should have a positive body image. The movement says that people should accept their body, no matter what it looks like. Society has always had certain expectations, what a body is supposed to look like. Fashion designers in particular have expectations of what a human body is supposed to look like. Most people look different, and according to body positivity they should not feel bad because they do. + += = = Varsity Blues = = = +Varsity Blues is a 1999 American comedy and drama sports movie. It is about a small town high school football team and their coach. +Plot. +Jonathan "Mox" Moxon is an intelligent and academically talented quarterback on the West Canaan High School football team. But although he is popular at school, has a smart girlfriend and has easy friendships with other players, he isn't satisfied with his life. He wants to attend Brown University in Rhode Island. He is constantly disagreeing with his football-obsessed father Sam. +The verbally abusive Bud Kilmer cares just for winning, and at all costs. Kilmer has won two state titles and 22 district championships. His philosophy, though, begins taking a toll on the team's all state starting quarterback, Lance Harbor. Harbor is Jules's brother. +Reception. +The movie opened at #1 at the United States' box office. It made $17.5 million in its opening week. +Roger Ebert of the "Chicago Sun-Times" said in his review: "Scenes work, but they don't pile up or build momentum." + += = = John Kirby (lawyer) = = = +John Joseph Kirby Jr. (October 22, 1939 – October 2, 2019) was an American attorney. He was known for his successful defense for Nintendo against Universal City Studios over the copyrights of the character of Donkey Kong in 1984. In return, Nintendo named the character Kirby to honor him. +Kirby died on October 2, 2019 in New York City from myelodysplastic syndrome-related problems at the age of 79. + += = = John Buchanan = = = +John MacLennan Buchanan, (April 22, 1931 – October 3, 2019) was a Canadian lawyer and former politician. He was the 20th Premier of Nova Scotia from 1978 to 1990 and as a member of the Senate of Canada from 1990 to 2006. Buchanan was born in Sydney, Nova Scotia. +Buchanan died on October 3, 2019 at the age of 88. + += = = Ignacio Noguer Carmona = = = +Ignacio Noguer Carmona (13 January 1931 – 3 October 2019) was a Spanish Roman Catholic bishop. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1956. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Guadix, Spain from 1976 to 1990. He then was coadjutor bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Huelva, Spain from 1990 to 1993 and was bishop of the Huelva Diocese from 1993 to 2006. +Noguer Carmona was born in Seville, Spain. He died on 3 October 2019 in Huelva, Spain at the age of 88. + += = = Alberto Testa (dancer) = = = +Alberto Testa (23 December 1922 – 4 October 2019) was an Italian dancer, choreographer, dance critic and teacher. He was born in Turin. He choreographed many ballets of operatic music, and worked on movies mainly with Franco Zeffirelli and Luchino Visconti. +Testa died in Turin on October 4, 2019 of pneumonia at the age of 96. + += = = 2019 college admissions bribery scandal = = = +The 2019 college admissions bribery scandal was a conspiracy for influencing undergraduate admissions decisions at several American top universities. The investigation into the conspiracy was called Operation Varsity Blues (it was named after the movie "Varsity Blues"). +The Federal Bureau of Investigation said that starting in 2011, at least 51 parents of high school school students conspired to use bribery and other forms of fraud to illegally have their children admitted to top universities and colleges. The case is the largest of its kind to be prosecuted by the US Justice Department.<ref name="USA today Huffman/Loughlin"></ref> + += = = Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (1874-1878) = = = +Marie of Hesse and by Rhine was the youngest child of Princess Alice and Louis IV of Hesse. +In 1878, diphtheria swept through Hesse. Marie, together with her brother Ernst, and her sisters Victoria, Irene and Alix, fell ill. She died of diphtheria at the age of four and was buried with her mother, who died a few weeks later of the same disease. + += = = Apostasy = = = +Apostasy is a term used in a religious context, for leaving one's religion. Usually it means moving to another religion. Someone who does this is called an apostate. Apostasy is different from heresy: A heretic only questions one (or more) of the traditions and beliefs of their religion. An apostate questions all of them. +The word was first used in Christianity: In the Roman Catholic Church the punishment for apostasy is excommunication. Today, the word is used mostly in the context of apostasy in Islam. +Sometimes the term is used as a metaphor to refer to changing a non-religious belief or cause, such as a political party or a sports team. +Apostasy in Islam; +A person who rejects, underestimates, mocks or disrespects religious orders defined as fard or sunnah in fiqh or speaks words called "alfaz-i kufr" is called apostate. According to the Sharia law, the penalty is death. + += = = Masum Babul = = = +Masum Babul (31 December 1962 - 6 March 2023) was a Bangladeshi movie dance director and choreographer. He won Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Choreography twice for the film "Dola" (1993) and "Ki Jadu Karila" (2008). He also best known for the film Beder Meye Josna (1989), Koti Takar Kabin (2006) and Bikkhov (1994). +Babul died on 6 March 2023, at the age of 60. + += = = Todor Burmov = = = +Todor Stoyanov Burmov (; 14 January 1834 – 7 November 1906) was a Bulgarian politician. He was a member of the Conservative Party and the first Prime Minister of Bulgaria when it became independent, in 1879. + += = = House of Orange-Nassau = = = +The House of Orange-Nassau is a branch of the European house of Nassau. + += = = Eastern cottontail = = = +The Eastern cottontail ("Sylvilagus floridanus") is a New World cottontail rabbit, a member of the family Leporidae. It is the most common rabbit species in North America. + += = = Brasso, Trinidad and Tobago = = = +Brasso is a city in Trinidad and Tobago. It is in the Couva–Tabaquite–Talparo region. + += = = Yosemite Sam = = = +Yosemite Sam is an Academy Award-winning cartoon character who starred in the "Looney Tunes" and "Merrie Melodies" series of Warner Bros.. He was created by Friz Freleng. He's small man with an reddish orange mustache. He is one of Bugs Bunny's enemies. + += = = Herry Monster = = = +Herry Monster is a Sesame Street Muppet with light blue fur, long, purple nose, and the black bushy eyebrows. Herry was a Sesame Street star for three decades. Once 2000's came, Herry Monster is no longer a Sesame Street star. + += = = Borex = = = +Borex is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Bursinel = = = +Bursinel is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Bursins = = = +Bursins is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Burtigny = = = +Burtigny is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Chavannes-de-Bogis = = = +Chavannes-de-Bogis is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Chavannes-des-Bois = = = +Chavannes-des-Bois is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Chéserex = = = +Chéserex is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Coinsins = = = +Coinsins is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Bonfield, Illinois = = = +Bonfield is a village of Illinois in the United States. + += = = Harrisburg, Nebraska = = = +Harrisburg is a census-designated place (CDP) in and the county seat of Banner County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 99 at the 2020 census. + += = = Broadlands, Illinois = = = +Broadlands is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Savoy, Illinois = = = +Savoy is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Garden City, Texas = = = +Garden City is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) of Texas in the United States. It is the county seat of Glasscock County. The population was 334 at the 2020 census. + += = = Alma, Illinois = = = +Alma is a village in Illinois in the United States. The population was 318 at the 2020 census. + += = = Crans-près-Céligny = = = +Crans-près-Céligny (French for "Crans near Céligny") is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Coulterville, Illinois = = = +Coulterville is a village in Randolph County, Illinois, United States. The population was 834 at the 2020 census. + += = = Pine marten = = = +The pine marten ("Martes martes") is an animal native to Northern Europe. Alternative names (less often used) are European pine marten, baum marten, sweet marten.It belongs in the mustelid family, which also includes mink, otter, badger, wolverine, and weasel. +Martens are small predators which also eat berries, birds' eggs, nuts, and honey. They move on the ground and in trees. Their natural habitat is in pine forests. Their main enemies are said to be the gamekeepers on highland estates. In the United Kingdom, pine martens and their dens have protection under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and the Environmental Protection Act 1990. + += = = Calzedonia Ocean Girls = = = +Calzedonia Ocean Girls was an Italian reality television series. The show, presented by Simone Annicchiarico, was broadcast on Sky Uno/Cielo in 2014. + += = = Geometer moth = = = +Geometer moths are a large family of moths in the Lepidoptera. Over 23,000 species have been described. Most of them are nocturnal: only a few are active during the day. +The imagos (adults) have wingspans between and . Their caterpillars move in a special way, they seem to "measure the earth". For this reason, the caterpillars are sometimes called inchworms. +A well-known species is the peppered moth ("Biston betularia"). Many species are classified as pests. +Adults. +Many geometrids have slender abdomens and broad wings which are usually held flat with the hindwings visible. They look a bit like butterflies, but in most respects they are typical moths. Most fly at night. They have a frenulum to link the wings, and the antennae of the males are often feathered. They blend into the background with camouflage. In some species, females have reduced wings. +Caterpillars. +Most caterpillars have four pairs of feet in their central section but geometer moth caterpillars only have two. This means that they are unable to move like the other caterpillars. They use the front pair of feet to hold on to a support, and then they pull the rest of their body up close. Next, they use the pairs of feet in the back part of their body to hold on, and push the front part forward. This means they are often in a position which looks like the Greek letter Omega, as can be seen in the photo. + += = = Key derivation function = = = +In cryptography, a key derivation function (KDF) makes a long secret key (which is called a "hash") from a secret phrase, like a password. The output of a key derivation function will look common to another result made from a random phrase. They are also used to re-use secret keys in a specific format, like using a shared secret key from the Diffie–Hellman key exchange for sending secrets in AES. +Use. +Key derivation functions are important in security. They allow a smaller "secret phrase" to be expanded into a larger key (of a fixed length decided by the KDF's digest size). This makes trying to find the original "secret phrase" more difficult. The length of the key makes it more difficult to discover the phrase or the hidden secret by trial and error (i.e. through brute-forcing), by making it difficult for a computer to guess. Sometimes, a small piece of random data (called a "salt") is added to the secret phrase before it is used with a KDF to make it more difficult guess the original "secret phrase" with a list of known "hashes". +It makes checking passwords safer without using the real password. Instead of keeping the real password, a "hash" of the key is kept and when checking the password, the "hash" of the real password is checked with the input. Some software put a limit on the length of a password and is sometimes used to make larger secret phrases smaller. KDFs are also made in a way so that, it takes a computer some effort to make the "hash". This makes making a list of potential combinations difficult. + += = = Addieville, Illinois = = = +Addieville is a village in Washington County, Illinois, in the United States. Its population was 259 in 2020. + += = = Addison, Illinois = = = +Addison is a village in the Chicago metropolitan area, in DuPage County, Illinois in the United States. It had a 2020 population of 35,702. + += = = Jah = = = +Jah or Yah () is a short form of YHWH (����), one of the personal names of God according to the Hebrew Bible. + += = = Paddy = = = +Paddy () are Belgian-French animated series from 1988. It has 26 episodes. +The main character is a boy named Paddy, who lives with his sister Melodie on his grandparents' farm. Paddy experiences a variety of weird adventures with the animals around him, such as the talking raven Loewie, who constantly makes funny jokes. He also often has trouble with a neighboring boy, Fred. Only Paddy can evoke a mysterious blue man, Onyx, who has magical abilities and solves problems for Paddy. + += = = Mondo Media = = = +Mondo Media is an American company that produces animation targeted at young adults. + += = = Piedmontese language = = = +The Piedmontese language is a Gallo-Romance language spoken in Piedmont. The Council of Europe officially recognised it as a minority language in the 1980s. It is classified as an endangered language. In 2019, there were between 700,000 and 2 million speakers. +History. +Piedmontese has been in use since the 12th century. There are poems and literature, starting from the 16th century. In the 15th or 16th century, local authorities switched to the Italian language, which is based on the dialects of Tuscany. When the Italian state was founded in 1861, Italian was chosen as a national language. With urbanization, and mass media, Piedmontese was a loser again, Italian was more popular, and could reach more people. + += = = Browns, Illinois = = = +Browns is a village of Illinois in the United States. + += = = Inverness, Illinois = = = +Inverness is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. + += = = Ford Heights, Illinois = = = +Ford Heights (formerly East Chicago Heights) is a village of Illinois in the United States. + += = = Stickney, Illinois = = = +Stickney is a village of Illinois in the United States. + += = = Riverside, Illinois = = = +Riverside is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. + += = = London Stadium = = = +London Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium located at Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in Stratford, London. It was the main stadium for the London 2012 Olympic Games. It used to be called Olympic Stadium and the Stadium at Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. +On 22 March 2013, West Ham United secured a 99-year lease on the Olympic Stadium, with it planned to be used as the football club's home ground from the 2016-17 season. In September 2015, the British Government rejected holding an inquiry into the arrangement that was pressed for by rival clubs who argued West Ham United were being given an unfair advantage. +On 8 May 2018, Major League Baseball announced a two-year deal to host a series of baseball games at the London Stadium in 2019 and 2020. The Boston Red Sox and New York Yankees (a major rivalry in the American League) played a two-game series at the stadium from 29 to 30 June 2019, branded as the 2019 MLB London Series. +The London Stadium has occasionally held concerts since the end of the Olympics in 2012. + += = = Northern goshawk = = = +The northern goshawk ("Accipiter gentilis") is a medium-large raptor in the family Accipitridae. +There are other species in this genus, but this bird is spoken of as "the" goshawk because it has a wide range over most of Europe, Eurasia and North America. Probably only the golden eagle has a wider range. +The goshawk is a "true hawk", and its scientific name in Latin is "Accipiter", which means "hawk". +In the Middle Ages only the nobility were permitted to fly goshawks for falconry. +It is mainly a resident bird, but those from colder regions migrate south for the winter. In North America, migratory goshawks are often seen migrating south along mountain ridge tops at nearly any time of the fall, depending on latitude. + += = = Lake Aluma, Oklahoma = = = +Lake Aluma is a town in Oklahoma in the United States. + += = = Milburn, Oklahoma = = = +Milburn is a town in Johnston County in the state of Oklahoma in the United States. It is along the Blue River. There were 252 people living there at the 2020 census. + += = = Russellville, Illinois = = = +Russellville is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = COX-2 inhibitors = = = +COX-2 inhibitors are a special type of analgesic. Cyclooxygenase (commonly abbreviated as COX) is an enzyme that has an important role in starting an inflammation and pain. There are many different types of COX; the most common are known as COX-1 and COX-2. NSAIDs work by blocking COX. The problem with blocking all COX is that COX-1 is also used to regulate kidney function. Blocking COX-1 runs the risk of bleeding of the stomach, and reduction of the kidney function. COX-2 inhibitors only block COX-2, and do not have an effect on COX-1.. Clinical studies have shown that they increase the risk of a heart attack, and of a stroke. Several COX-2 inhibitors have been taken off the market, because of these side-effects. +Other than as an analgesic, COX-2 inhibitors have also been used in the treatment of cancer, and of some neurological conditions, such as depression, and schizophrenia. +Because of the severe side-effects, COX-2 inhibitors are usually only available with a prescription. + += = = Cornelia Cole Fairbanks = = = +Cornelia "Nellie" Cole Fairbanks (January 14, 1852 – October 24, 1913) was the second lady of the United States from 1905 to 1909 as the wife of the 26th vice president of the United States, Charles W. Fairbanks. +She was born in 1852 and attended Ohio Wesleyan University. +She got married in 1874 to Charles W. Fairbanks and had five children. She died in 1913. + += = = Mehmed V = = = +Mehmed V Reşâd (2 November 1844 – 3 July 1918) was the 35th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. He reigned from 27 April 1909 to 3 July 1918. He was born in Istanbul in 1844 and died in 1918 at the age of 73. From 1911-1913 the Italians took Libya and the Balkans had formed a Christian coalition and started a war with the Ottoman Empire. It pushed the Ottomans away back to Anatolia and Egypt. He was involved in World War 1 in the Caucasus Campaign (Russo-Turkish War: 1914-1918) fighting the Russian Empire as well as the Gallipoli Campaign fighting the British Empire and France. He was also involved in the Russian Revolution during The Great War but was not involved in the Armenian genocide by Enver Pasha. + += = = Economic surplus = = = +An economic surplus is when you have more of something in the economy than people demand. There are two types: +Consumers' surplus is the gain by consumers who can buy a product for less than the highest price that they would be willing to pay. +Producers' surplus is the amount got by producers who sell at a market price higher than the least they would be willing to sell for. + += = = Mino Caprio = = = +Mino Caprio born as Guglielmo Caprio (Rome, November 1955) is an Italian actor and voice actor. +He is the Italian voice of Peter Griffin from the cartoon Family Guy. + += = = Davide Garbolino = = = +Davide Garbolino (1968) is an italian voice actor. +Biography. +He voiced many young characters in fiction as Ash Ketchum from Pokémon and Nobita Nobi from Doraemon. + += = = Simone D'Andrea = = = +Simone D'Andrea (Milano,1973) is an Italian voice actor. +He is the italian voice of James from Pokémon. +He is married with the voice actress Cristiana Rossi. + += = = Cristiana Rossi = = = +Cristiana Rossi (1973) is an Italian voice actress. +She is the wife of the voice actor Simone D'Andrea. + += = = Gianluca Iacono = = = +Gianluca Iacono (Turin,1970) is an Italian voice actor and speaker. +He is better know for his role as Vegeta from Dragon Ball. + += = = Alessandra Karpoff = = = +Alessandra Karpoff (Milan,1963) is an Italian voice actress. +She is better known for her roles in Italian dubs of various anime as Misty from Pokémon. + += = = Franco Zucca = = = +Franco Zucca (Trieste, 26 August 1952 – Trieste 24 July 2022) was an Italian voice actor. + += = = Pietro Ubaldi = = = +Pietro Ubaldi (Milan, September 21 1955) is an Italian voice actor and singer and comedian. +Biogaphy. +Pietro Ubaldi is born in Milan on September 21 1955. He is the italian voice of Patrick Star from Spongebob, Doraemon from Doraemon and Reinhardt from Overwatch. + += = = Tex Willer = = = +Tex Willer is a fiction character from the comic Tex. +He is a fictional Texas Ranger. +He is one of the most famous italian comic characters. + += = = Martin Mystère = = = +Martin Mystère is a fiction character from The Martin Mystère comics,where is the main character. +Martin is a fictional detective from New York born on 26th june 1942,his job is to investigate weird cases,usually accompanied with the caveman Java. +He is one of the most known italian comic characters. +Martin appared also in the animated series Martin Mystery,where is a student. + += = = Gino the Chicken = = = +Gino the Chicken ( in Italian) is an satirical Italian television series. Originally it was a internet meme, only later it become a television series. + += = = VIP my Brother Superman = = = +VIP: My Brother Superman (Italian: VIP, mio fratello superuomo) is a 1968 Italian animated film directed by Bruno Bozzetto. It is a parody of superheroes and enjoyed a good commercial and critical success. In 2008 it was produced a spin-off TV-series in 3D animation, PsicoVip. + += = = PsicoVip = = = +PsicoVip is an Italian 3D animated cartoon from 2008. +It's based on 1968 movie VIP my Brother Superman. + += = = Il mondo di Stefi = = = + ("Stefi's World") is an Italian animated series produced by Rai Fiction and The Animation Band and directed by Alessandro Belli. It premiered on Rai 3 on 19 April 2008 and was added to Rai Gulp in March 2009 and RaiSat Smash Girls in May 2009. It is based on the Stefi comics by Grazia Nidasio. + += = = Monster Allergy (TV series) = = = +Monster Allergy is an Italian 2005 animated television series, produced by Rainbow S.p.A.. +Monster Allergy is based on the comic book series of the same name. The series follows 12-year-old Ezekiel Zick (called Zick) who suffers from various allergies and has the ability to see the invisible monsters that live among us. Along with help of his best friend, Elena Potato and his talking cat, Timothy, Zick hopes to hone his powers to one day become a Monster Tamer just like his dad, Zobedja Zick. + += = = Prisočka = = = +Prisočka (��������) is populated place in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republika Srpska, Kotor Varoš Municipality. +The administrative area of Prisočka includes a dozene villages; the larger is Palivuk. + += = = List of Starla episodes = = = +This is a list of episodes of "Starla" which currently airs on ABS-CBN's "Primetime Bida" evening block since October 7, 2019. The series is directed by Onat Diaz, Darnel Joy R. Villaflor, and Jerome Chavez Pobocan. +Series overview. +<onlyinclude> + += = = Robert Edmond Grant = = = +Robert Edmond Grant MD FRCPEd FRS FRSE FZS FGS (11 November 1793 – 23 August 1874) was a British anatomist and zoologist. + += = = Mad scientist = = = +A mad scientist is a fictional character who is a genius, but who wants to find out and do what no one else ever has and often what he should not. The character Victor Frankenstein is often said to be the first mad scientist, though Coppelius from The Sandman (short story) could also be called a mad scientist and The Sandman was published a year before Frankenstein was. +They often work with fictional technology, they either fail to recognise the dangers of their actions or don't care about the consequences, and some attempt to play God. +Mad scientists are often shown as evil (evil genius) or insane. Some may be neutral or good, even if their actions are dangerous and irresponsible, which can make them mad scientists. + += = = Victor Frankenstein = = = +Victor Frankenstein is a fictional character in the book Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. He creates a monster by putting together dead parts into a body and then bringing the body to life, but is scared by how ugly the monster is and abandons it. The Monster comes back and asks for a wife. Victor creates a female monster but then destroys her instead of bringing her to life. The Monster gets revenge by killing everyone Victor Frankenstein ever cared about. Victor wants revenge on the Monster but dies of pneumonia before he can get it. + += = = Bushwhacker = = = +Bushwhacking was a kind of guerrilla warfare. It happened a lot during the American Revolutionary War, American Civil War and other wars in which there were big areas of disagreeable land and few governmental resources to control them. This was very common in rural areas during the Civil War where there were disagreements between those who liked the Union and Confederacy in the war. The perpetrators of the attacks were called bushwhackers. The term "bushwhacking" is still in use today to describe ambushes done with the goal of attrition. + += = = Gungnir = = = +Gungnir is the mighty spear of the major Norse mythology god, Odin, which was fashioned for him by the dwarves known as the "Sons of Ivaldi" and is said to never miss its target. + += = = Memories (Maroon 5 song) = = = +"Memories" is a song by American pop rock band Maroon 5. It was released on September 20, 2019. The song is about loss and remembering people who have died. It uses the chord progression of Pachelbel's "Canon" but in G# minor instead of B minor. +On the October 7, 2019, episode of "The Ellen DeGeneres Show", frontman Adam Levine revealed that he was inspired to write the song after his close friend and Maroon 5's manager, Jordan Feldstein, died in 2017. Feldstein was also the older brother of actor Jonah Hill. + += = = Spencer Breslin = = = +Spencer Breslin (born May 18, 1992) is an American actor and musician. He is the older brother of actress Abigail Breslin. +Beginning at the age of three, Breslin acted in over 50 commercials. He is best known for his roles in the feature films "Disney's The Kid" (co-starring at the age of eight with Bruce Willis), "The Santa Clause 2: The Mrs. Clause" and ' (as Curtis the Elf), "Return to Neverland", "The Cat in the Hat", "Raising Helen", ', "The Shaggy Dog", "Harold", 'The Happening', and "Perfect Sisters". His television credits include "Teamo Supremo", "Stephen King's Storm of the Century", and "Law & Order". Movies in which he has acted have taken in a worldwide box office of over $1.3 billion. + += = = William Kaelin Jr. = = = +William "Bill" G. Kaelin Jr. (born November 23, 1957) is an American professor of medicine at Harvard University and the Dana–Farber Cancer Institute. His laboratory studies tumor suppressor proteins. +Kaelin Jr. won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2019 with Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza. + += = = Peter J. Ratcliffe = = = +Sir Peter John Ratcliffe, FRS, FMedSci (born 14 May 1954) is a British physician and scientist. He is trained as a nephrologist. He was a practicing clinician at the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford and Nuffield Professor of Clinical Medicine and head of the Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine at the University of Oxford from 2004 to 2016. +In 2016 he became Clinical Research Director at the Francis Crick Institute, retaining a position at Oxford as member of the Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research and Director of the Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford. +Ratcliffe was born in Morecambe, Lancashire. +Ratcliffe is best known for his work on cellular reactions to hypoxia, for which he shared the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with William Kaelin Jr. and Gregg L. Semenza. + += = = Hypoxia (medical) = = = +Hypoxia is a condition in which the body or a part of the body is lacking oxygen supply at the tissue level. +Hypoxia may be classified as either "generalized", affecting the whole body, or "local", affecting a region of the body. + += = = Gregg L. Semenza = = = +Gregg Leonard Semenza (born July 1, 1956) is an American professor of pediatrics, radiation oncology, biological chemistry, medicine, and oncology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. He is the director of the vascular program at the Institute for Cell Engineering. He is a 2016 recipient of the Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research. He is known for his discovery of HIF-1, which allows cancer cells to adapt to oxygen-poor environments. Semenza was born in New York City. +Semenza received the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability" with William Kaelin Jr. and Peter J. Ratcliffe. + += = = Cain Hope Felder = = = +Cain Hope Felder (June 9, 1943 - October 1, 2019) was an American biblical scholar. He was professor of New Testament language and literature and editor of "The Journal of Religious Thought" at the Howard University School of Divinity. +He also was chair of the Doctor of Philosophy program and immediate past chair of the Doctor of Ministry program. He had been on Howard's faculty from 1981 until his retirement in 2016. +Felder died on October 1, 2019 at his Mobile, Alabama at the age of 76. + += = = Stephen J. Lukasik = = = +Stephen Joseph "Steve" Lukasik (March 19, 1931 – October 3, 2019) was an American physicist. He worked in multiple high-level defense and scientific related jobs for advancing the technologies for national defense. He was the second longest serving Director of DARPA - the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. +He was also the first Chief Scientist of the Federal Communications Commission where he created its Office of Science and Technology and which facilitated the commercial deployment of new technology that included spread spectrum technology. He was born in Staten Island, New York. +Lukasik died on October 3, 2019 in Fairfax, Virginia of respiratory failure at the age of 88. + += = = Bill McKnight = = = +William Hunter McKnight, (July 12, 1940 – October 4, 2019) was a Canadian politician. He was in the Canadian House of Commons from 1979 to 1993, and also was the Treaty Commissioner for the Province of Saskatchewan from 2007 through 2012. McKnight was born in Elrose, Saskatchewan. He was a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada. +McKnight died in Saskatoon on October 4, 2019 at the age of 79. + += = = Pepe Oneto = = = +José Manuel Oneto Revuelta (14 March 1942 – 7 October 2019), better known as Pepe Oneto, was a Spanish journalist and writer. He was one of the greatest journalists during the Spanish transition to democracy. He was born in San Fernando, Cádiz, Spain. In 1974 he joined the staff of the magazine "Cambio 16", becoming its director in 1976. In 1986 he joined the Zeta Group, going on to run the magazine "Tiempo", until 1996. +He was also Director of Informational at Antena 3 Televisión between 1996 and 1998. In 2000, and again in 2016, he was appointed member of the Board of Directors of Telemadrid. +Oneto died on 7 October 2019 at a hospital in San Sebastián, Spain at the age of 77 from sepsis caused by peritonitis. + += = = Dennis Day (Mouseketeer) = = = +Dennis W. Day (July 12, 1942 — July 17, 2018) was an American actor, singer, dancer and theater director. He was best known as one of the original cast members of "The Mickey Mouse Club". After ending his career as a child actor, he went on to work as a theater director before relocating to Oregon in the 1980s. +Day disappeared in July 2018 and was found dead several months later at his home in Phoenix, Oregon. A roommate was charged with his death in 2019. + += = = Phoenix, Oregon = = = +Phoenix is a city in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. The population was 4,475 at the 2020 census. Phoenix is a part of the Medford Metropolitan Statistical Area. Most of the town burned down on September 8, 2020, because of the Almeda fire. In 2019, a movie with the same name was released, becoming the highest-grossing film during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. + += = = Jackson County, Oregon = = = +Jackson County is a county in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 223,259. The county seat is Medford. The county is named for Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States. + += = = Andy Buckley = = = +Andrew P. Buckley Jr. (born February 13, 1965) is an American actor, screenwriter, and stockbroker. He is best known for his role as David Wallace on the American comedy series "The Office" from 2006 to 2013. + += = = First battle of Panipat = = = +Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the first battle of Panipat in 1526. In this Babur used the Rumi (Ottoman) device of lashing a large number of carts to form a defending wall with breastwork in between to rest guns (Tughlama system of welfare). His artillery was led by Ustad Ali and Mustafa. It marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire. This was one of the earliest battles involving gun powder firearms and field artillery. +The Mughal forces of Babur, the Timurid ruler of Kabulistan, defeated the much larger ruling army of Ibrahim Lodi, Sultan of Delhi. The battle was fought on 21 April near the small village of Panipat, in the present day Indian state of Haryana, an area that has been the site of a number of decisive battles for the control of Northern India since the twelfth century. +The use of guns by troops of Babur helped them claim victory in the battle. The Lodi troops were lagging in terms of artillery skills and the sound emitted by canons frightened the war elephants of Lodi. + += = = Luke = = = +Luke may refer to: + += = = Electronic Frontier Foundation = = = +The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) is an international non-profit based in San Francisco, United States. It was started in July 1990 by John Gilmore, John Perry Barlow and Mitch Kapor to promote Internet freedoms. +The EFF sponsors legal defense, defends individuals and new technology from unfair legal threats. It also monitors proposals that may weaken internet freedoms and liberties. It also monitors for possible weakening of fair use. +Activities. +Early Cases. +One of the first high profile cases of the EFF was "Steve Jackson Games, Inc. v. United States Secret Service." In early 1990, Steve Jackson Games was under a massive search and seizure operation. Copies of the game GURPS Cyberpunk was considered as proof by mistake. Emails were also modified and were a new technology at the time. It was not considered to be protected by the right to personal privacy at the time. +"Bernstein v. United States" was the second large case of the EFF. Programmer Daniel J. Bernstein had sued the US Government for permission to release his cryptographic software against limits put by the government. +DES Cracker. +During the mid-1990s, the United States Government did not allow for international use of any cryptographic product unless the ciphertext could be decrypted by a third-party with a promise that the government could not read messages protected by the Data Encryption Standard (DES) even after it was shown as weak and broken. The EFF had made a piece of hardware called the "EFF DES Cracker" that could crack a message within 24 hours. +The plans and source code were made public. +Software. +The EFF has made software and browser add-ons like Switzerland, HTTPS Everywhere, and Privacy Badger. + += = = Photocopier = = = +A photocopier (also called copier or copy machine) is a machine that copies words or pictures from one paper to another. + += = = Jim Peebles = = = +Phillip James Edwin Peebles (born April 25, 1935) is a Canadian-American physicist and theoretical cosmologist. He is currently the Albert Einstein Professor Emeritus of Science at Princeton University. +Peebles was awarded half of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2019 for his theoretical discoveries in physical cosmology. In November 2019, Peebles noted, in his award presentation, that he does not support the Big Bang Theory, due to the lack of concrete supporting evidence, and stated, "It's very unfortunate that one thinks of the beginning whereas in fact, we have no good theory of such a thing as the beginning." + += = = Michel Mayor = = = +Michel Gustave Édouard Mayor (born 12 January 1942) is a Swiss astrophysicist. He was professor emeritus at the University of Geneva's Department of Astronomy. He retired in 2007, but works as a researcher at the Observatory of Geneva. He is co-winner of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics, the 2010 Viktor Ambartsumian International Prize, and the winner of the 2015 Kyoto Prize. +Together with Didier Queloz in 1995 he discovered 51 Pegasi b, the first extrasolar planet orbiting a sun-like star, 51 Pegasi. Because of this, Mayor and Queloz won the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of an exoplanet orbiting a solar-type star". + += = = Didier Queloz = = = +Didier Patrick Queloz (born February 23, 1966) is a Swiss astronomer. He is a professor at the University of Geneva and the University of Cambridge and a fellow of Trinity. He shared the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics with Michel Mayor and Jim Peebles. + += = = E. D. Hirsch = = = +E. D. Hirsch is Eric Donald Hirsch Jr. (; born March 22, 1928. He is an American educator and academic literary critic. He is professor emeritus of education and humanities at the University of Virginia. +In the 1960s Hirsch's "Validity in Interpretation" made an important work to contemporary literary theory and he was called "the founder of contemporary intentionalism". +In popular culture Hirsch is best known for his work on cultural literacy, and is the founder and chairman of the Core Knowledge Foundation. +He is a long-term critic of American schools, and promotes ideas for improving the education of children. His "The Schools We Need: And Why We Don't Have Them" (1996) was hated by the liberal left. It also managed to annoy the right wing because it attacked the local control of schools. in 2016 he published " Why Knowledge Matters: Rescuing our Children from Failed Educational Theories". This outlined three major problems with education in the United States. These are, according to him, the emphasis on teaching skills, such as critical thinking skills, rather than knowledge, individualism rather than communal learning, and developmentalism, that is, teaching children what is "appropriate" for their age. +Beginning in 1990s, Hirsch began publishing books in the "Core Knowledge Grader Series" which the Foundation describes as "an engaging, illustrated guide to the essential knowledge outlined in the Core Knowledge Sequence". This series of books was received well by parents educating children at home, and it has been adopted by many school systems. +Sol Stern, a senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute who has written extensively on education reform, wrote in 2013 that Hirsch was "the most important education reformer of the past half-century." + += = = Eduard Admetlla i Lázaro = = = +Eduard Admetlla i Lázaro (10 January 1924 – 8 October 2019) was a Spanish scuba diver, underwater cameraman and photographer. He was the designer of a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) and also was the tester of scuba diving gear for the Nemrod trade mark. He was born in Barcelona. +He wrote five books describing his underwater experiences: "La llamada de las profundidades", "Mis amigos los peces", "¡Fondo!", "Tierras y profundidades" and "Mi aventura submarina". +Admetlla i Lázaro died on 8 October 2019 in Barcelona at the age of 95. + += = = Municipalities of Spain = = = +The municipalities of Spain (, , , , , ; sing. "municipio") are towns or cities that have a ruling governor or mayor. If you have one of those your town or city is a municipality in Spain. + += = = Vlasta Chramostová = = = +Vlasta Chramostová (17 November 1926 – 6 October 2019) was a Czech movie actress. She appeared in 35 movies from 1950 until her death. She starred in the 1950 movie "The Trap" which was entered into the 1951 Cannes Film Festival. She was born in Brno. +Other movie roles include: "The Secret of Blood" (1953), "The Cassandra Cat" (1963), "The Cremator" (1969), "Sekal Has to Die" (1998) and "Leaving" (2011). +Chramostová died in Brno on 6 October 2019 at the age of 92. + += = = Masaichi Kaneda = = = + was a Japanese professional baseball pitcher. He was one of the best-known pitchers in Japanese baseball history, and was the only Japanese pitcher to have won 400 games. He was added in the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 1988. Kaneda was born in Heiwa, Aichi. +Kaneda died on October 6, 2019 in Tokyo of sepsis at the age of 86. + += = = Martin Lauer = = = +Karl Martin Lauer (2 January 1937 – 6 October 2019) was a West German sprinter. He won a gold medal in the 4 × 100 m relay at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was born in Cologne, Nordrhein-Westfalen. +Lauer died on 6 October 2019 at the age of 82. + += = = Karen Pendleton = = = +Karen Anita Pendleton (August 1, 1946 – October 6, 2019) was an American child television actress. She was the original "Mickey Mouse Club" Mouseketeer on ABC television from 1955 to 1959. She was one of only nine Mouseketeers who were on the show during its entire original run. Pendleton was born in Glendale, California. +Pendleton died in Fresno, California on October 6, 2019 from a heart attack at the age of 73. + += = = David Petel = = = +David Petel (, 6 September 1921 – 6 October 2019) was an Iraqi-born Israeli politician. He was a member of the Knesset for Mapai from 1959 until 1969. He was born in Basra, Iraq. He was a member of the Alignment after the Mapai party ended. Petel died in Ramat Gan on 6 October 2019 at the age of 98. + += = = Estimator = = = +In statistics, an estimator is a rule for calculating an estimate of a given amount based on observed data. The rule (the estimator), the amount that is being measured (the estimand) and its result (the estimate) are different. +An estimator of a parameter formula_1 is often written as formula_2. If the expected value of the estimator is equal to the parameter, then the estimator is called unbiased. Otherwise, it is called biased. + += = = Statistical parameter = = = +A statistical parameter or population parameter is an amount put into the probability distribution of a statistic or a random variable. It can be thought of as a numbered amount of a trait of a statistical population or a statistical model. +A statistical parameter is different from its estimator in that the parameter is a fixed amount, while the value of an estimator changes according to some probability distribution. The notations formula_1 (for the parameter) and formula_2 (for the estimator) are often used to clarify this distinction. + += = = Efficiency (statistics) = = = +In the comparison of statistical procedures, efficiency is a measure of an estimator's quality. This would be about the estimator of an experimental design, or of a hypothesis testing procedure. Basically, a more efficient estimator, experiment, or test needs fewer observations than a less efficient one to get a given performance. + += = = Method of moments (statistics) = = = +In statistics, the method of moments is a method of estimation of population parameters. +Method. +Suppose that the problem is to estimate formula_1 unknown parameters formula_2 describing the distribution formula_3 of the random variable formula_4. Suppose the first formula_1 moments of the true distribution (the "population moments") can be expressed as functions of the formula_6s: +Suppose a sample of size formula_8 is drawn, and it leads to the values formula_9. For formula_10, let +be the "j"-th sample moment, an estimate of formula_12. The method of moments estimator for formula_13 denoted by formula_14 is defined as the solution (if there is one) to the equations: +Reasons to use it. +The method of moments is simple and gets consistent estimators (under very weak assumptions). However, these estimators are often biased. + += = = IPhone 11 = = = +The iPhone 11 is a smartphone sold by Apple Inc. It replaced the iPhone X that was released in 2018. The iPhone 11 has two rear camera lenses but still has a 6.1-inch screen, like the X. It is available in purple, white, yellow, green, black, and PRODUCT(RED) finishes, with 64 GB, 128 GB, and 256 GB storage options. The starting price is US $699. It is the least expensive 2019 iPhone model, when compared to the iPhone 11 Pro and iPhone 11 Pro Max. + += = = FightAIDS@Home = = = +The FightAIDS@Home project uses the technique of distributed computing to find a way to eradicate the HIV. +FightAIDS@Home has been running since 2002 and joined World Community Grid on 21 November 2005. +The project uses the World Community Grid distributed computing platform that uses the well-known Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing distributed computing platform. + += = = Andy Etchebarren = = = +Andrew Auguste "Andy" Etchebarren (June 20, 1943 – October 5, 2019) was an American professional baseball player and minor league manager. He played as a catcher in Major League Baseball (MLB) for a total of 15 seasons for the Baltimore Orioles (1962 and 1965–75), California Angels (1975–77) and Milwaukee Brewers (1978). +Etchebarren died on October 5, 2019 in Santee, California at the age of 76. + += = = Santee, California = = = +Santee is a suburban city in San Diego County, California, with a population of 60,037 at the 2020 census. + += = = Marcello Giordani = = = +Marcello Giordani (born Marcello Guagliardo; 25 January 1963 – 5 October 2019) was an Italian operatic tenor. +He sang leading roles of the Italian and French repertoire in opera houses throughout Europe and the United States. He worked with the New York Metropolitan Opera, where he sang in over 240 performances from the time of his debut there in 1993. He founded the Marcello Giordani Foundation to help young opera singers. +Giordani died on 5 October 2019 in Augusta, Sicily from a heart attack at the age 56. + += = = Ella Vogelaar = = = +Catharina Pieternella "Ella" Vogelaar (23 December 1949 – 7 October 2019) was a Dutch politician. She was a member of the Labour Party (PvdA) and trade union leader. Vogelaar was born in Steenbergen, Netherlands. She was the Minister for Housing, Communities and Integration from February 2007 through November 2008. +Vogelaar killed herself on 7 October 2019 in Utrecht at the age of 69. + += = = Black, Illinois = = = +Black is an unincorporated community in Edwards County, Illinois, in the United States. + += = = Adair, Illinois = = = +Adair is an unincorporated census-designated place in McDonough County, Illinois, in the United States. It had a population of 212 in 2020. + += = = Adams Corner, Illinois = = = +Adams Corner is an unincorporated community in Wabash County, Illinois. + += = = PlayStation 5 = = = +The PlayStation 5 (also known by the abbreviated name PS5) is the fifth home video game console made by Sony Computer Entertainment. It was released at the end of 2020. Most games from the PlayStation 4 work with it. There are two versions of the console, one with a Blu-ray optical disc drive that costs $500. The second version costs $400 and does not have the disc drive. On the version with no disc drive, games can only be bought and downloaded from the PlayStation Store. +As of January 2023, over 30 million PlayStation 5 consoles have been sold. +Non-gaming features. +Streaming services. +Generally considered one of the best non gaming feature of PS5 is it's streaming capability. Netflix, Hulu, Disney+, and other streaming platforms are available on PlayStation 5. +Remote Play. +Remote Play is another feature of PS5. Using remote play you can play PS5 games on other compatible devices like PCs and mobile phone. + += = = John B. Goodenough = = = +John Bannister Goodenough (July 25, 1922 – June 25, 2023) was an American professor and solid-state physicist. He was a professor of mechanical engineering and materials science at The University of Texas at Austin. He is known for his creation of the lithium-ion battery, which is used on cellphones such as iphones. +Career. +In 2014, he won the Charles Stark Draper Prize for his works to the lithium-ion battery. In 2019, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with M. Stanley Whittingham and Akira Yoshino. At age 97, he is the oldest person to win a Nobel prize. His other works also focus on the field of magnetism. +He was a Professor at The University of Texas at Austin. During his time there, he has worked on research on ionic conducting solids and electrochemical devices. He wanted to study to fix materials for batteries to help create electric vehicles and help end the use of fossil fuels. Goodenough discovered the polyanion class of cathodes. They showed that positive electrodes having polyanions, sulfates, create higher voltages than oxides because of the inductive effect of the polyanion. +In 2011, Goodenough was honored with the National Medal of Science by President Barack Obama. +Personal life. +Goodenough was born in Jena, Germany, to American parents. During and after graduating from Yale University, Goodenough was a U.S. military meteorologist in World War II. He got a Ph.D. in physics from the University of Chicago. He became a researcher at MIT Lincoln Laboratory, and later the head of the Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory at the University of Oxford. He was married to Irene Wiseman from 1954 until her death in 2016. +Goodenough turned 100 in July 2022. +Goodenough died on June 25, 2023 in Austin, Texas at the age of 100. + += = = M. Stanley Whittingham = = = +M. Stanley Whittingham (born 22 December 1941) is an English-American chemist. He is currently a professor of chemistry and director of both the Institute for Materials Research and the Materials Science and Engineering program at Binghamton University, part of the State University of New York. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2019. + += = = Akira Yoshino = = = + is a Japanese chemist. He is a professor of Meijo University. He is the inventor of lithium-ion battery (LIB) often used in cellular phones and notebook computers. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2019. + += = = Cession = = = +The act of cession is the transfer of property to another entity (person, country, etc.). In international law, it commonly refers to land transferred by a treaty. It is different from annexation, where property is taken by force. Cession is voluntary or is supposed to be. +Retrocession. +Retrocession is to return something (e.g., land) that was ceded. + += = = Spring River (Missouri) = = = +The Spring River is a river in southwestern Missouri, southeastern Kansas, and northeastern Oklahoma. It is + += = = Deficit spending = = = +Deficit spending is when someone is spending more money than they have. In other words, it is when there is more spending than there is revenue. It is also called simply deficit, or budget deficit. The opposite of a deficit is a budget surplus. The term may be used for the budget of a government, private company, or person. +Government deficit spending is a point of controversy in economics, with important economists having different views. + += = = Monument Rocks (Kansas) = = = +Monument Rocks (also Chalk Pyramids) are a series of big chalk formations in Gove County, Kansas. It has many fossils. The formations were the first landmark chosen by the US Department of the Interior as a National Natural Landmark. The chalk formations reach a height of up to . It includes formations such as buttes and arches. The carbonate deposits were laid down during the Cretaceous Period in what was then the Western Interior Seaway. It split the continent of North America into two landmasses. They are estimated to have been formed 80 million years ago. +History. +On January 29, 2008, Monument Rocks, 25 miles south of Oakley, Kansas, and Castle Rock, 31 miles to the east, together were named as one of the 8 Wonders of Kansas. + += = = Marija Pejčinović Burić = = = +Marija Pejčinović Burić (; born 9 April 1963) is a Croatian politician. She was the 14th Minister of Foreign and European Affairs of Croatia and Deputy Prime Minister of Croatia from 19 June 2017 to 19 July 2019. +On 26 June 2019, she was elected as the 14th Secretary General of the Council of Europe. Pejčinović Burić's term began on 18 September 2019. + += = = Halle and Landsberg attack = = = +The 2019 Halle and Landsberg attack was a shooting incident that happened on 9 October 2019 in Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Two people were killed, and two others were severely injured. +The suspect was arrested later the same day. He is 27-year-old German, Stephan Balliet from Saxony-Anhalt. Federal investigators called the attack a far-right and antisemitic crime. +References. + += = = 2019 Ecuadorian protests = = = +The 2019 Ecuadorian protests are an ongoing series of protests and riots against the end of fuel subsidies and austerity measures by President of Ecuador Lenín Moreno and his administration. +The protests began on 3 October 2019, as taxi, bus and truck drivers came out in protest against the planned fuel subsidy abolition. Indigenous peoples groups joined the protests shortly thereafter, along with university students and labour unions. The protesters declared their plan to hold an indefinite general strike, which would last until the government overturned its decision. +President Moreno declared a state of emergency on October 4, 2019, amid nationwide protests against a hike in fuel prices. The protests had weakened the country's transport network with all major roads and bridges blocked in the capital Quito. +Shortly thereafter, President Lenín Moreno refused to discuss a potential reversal of the fuel plans and called protesting crowds as "criminals". +On 8 October 2019, President Moreno said his government had relocated to the coastal city of Guayaquil after anti-government protesters had overrun the capital Quito. On the same day, President Moreno accused his predecessor Rafael Correa of creating a coup against the government with the help of Venezuela's Nicolás Maduro, a charge which Correa denied. +During the late-night hours of 13 October, the Ecuadorian government and CONAIE reached an agreement during a televised negotiation. Both parties agreed to collaborate on new economic measures to combat overspending and debt. The austerity measures were reversed. + += = = John M. Kosterlitz = = = +John Michael Kosterlitz (born June 22, 1943) is a British-American physicist. He is a professor of physics at Brown University and the son of biochemist Hans Kosterlitz. He was awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in physics along with David Thouless and Duncan Haldane for work on condensed matter physics. + += = = Crassier = = = +Crassier is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Messier 52 = = = +Messier 52 or M52 is also known as NGC 7654. It is an open cluster of stars in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It was discovered by Charles Messier on September 7, 1774. M52 can be seen from Earth with binoculars. + += = = Messier 38 = = = +Messier 38 or M38, also known as NGC 1912, is an open cluster of stars in the constellation of Auriga. It is about away from Earth. + += = = Drummond (provincial electoral district) = = = +Drummond was an electoral district in the Centre-du-Québec region of Quebec, Canada, which elected members to the National Assembly of Quebec. Its last election had most of the city of Drummondville and all of Saint-Edmond-de-Grantham, Saint-Eugène, Saint-Germain-de-Grantham and Saint-Majorique-de-Grantham. + += = = Olga Tokarczuk = = = +Olga Nawoja Tokarczuk (; born 29 January 1962) is a Polish writer and activist. +In 2018, she won the Man Booker International Prize for her novel "Flights", becoming the first Polish writer to do so. She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for the year 2018 (awarded in 2019). + += = = Dully = = = +Dully is a municipality in the district Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Mikhail Biryukov (tennis) = = = +Mikhail Sergeyevich Biryukov (; 28 April 1992 – 4 October 2019) was a Russian junior tennis player. His highest ATP singles ranking was 292. After his retirement from professional tennis at age 22, he was a coach of under 16 player Alexey Zakharov. He was the son of four-time World Champion in modern pentathlon, Irina Kiseleva. He won the silver medal in the inaugural Youth Olympic Games held in Singapore. +On 4 October 2019, Biryukov was found dead in Moscow at the age of 27. + += = = Yevgeny Bushmin = = = +Yevgeny Viktorovich Bushmin (, 4 October 1958 – 6 October 2019) was a Russian politician. He was a Deputy of the 1st State Duma and Deputy Finance Minister. He was the member of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly as the representative of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast. +Bushmin died on 6 October 2019, two days after his 61st birthday, after a long-illness. + += = = Ugo Colombo = = = +Ugo Colombo (22 February 1940 – 10 October 2019) was an Italian racing cyclist. He rode the Giro d'Italia in 1964–1974 with Filotex, with the best result of third place in 1971, and the Tour de France in 1966–1968, placing tenth in 1968. +Colombo died on 10 October 2019 at the age of 79. + += = = Andrés Gimeno = = = +Andrés Gimeno Tolaguera (3 August 1937 – 9 October 2019) was a Spanish tennis player. In 1972, when he won the French Open and he was the oldest first-time grand slam champion of the open era at 34 years of age. +Gimeno died of cancer, on 9 October 2019, at the age of 82. + += = = Jan Szyszko = = = + (19 April 1944 – 9 October 2019) was a Polish forester, educator and politician. He was Minister of Environment from 1997 through 1999, from 2005 through 2007 and again from 2015 through 2018. Szyszko was born in Warsaw. He was elected to the Sejm on 25 September 2005. +Szyszko died on 9 October 2019 in Warsaw of a heart attack at the age of 75. + += = = Louis-Christophe Zaleski-Zamenhof = = = +Louis-Christophe Zaleski-Zamenhof (born Ludwik Krzysztof Zamenhof, 23 January 1925 – 9 October 2019) was a Polish-French civil and marine engineer of Jewish descent. He worked in the design of structural steel and concrete construction. Zaleski-Zamenhof wrote a foreword to "L'homme qui a défié Babel" ("The man who defied Babel", 2003), a French-language biography, by René Centassi and Henri Masson, of the originator of Esperanto. +Writings. +J. P. Bonin, G. Deleuil and L. C. Zaleski-Zamenhof. "Foundation analysis of marine gravity structures submitted to cyclic loading." Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas (1976). pp. 571–579 + += = = Tony Hoar = = = +Tony Hoar (10 February 1932 – 5 October 2019) was a British racing cyclist. He represented England in the road race at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Vancouver, Canada. +He finished in last place in the 1955 Tour de France. +Hoar died on 5 October 2019 of cancer at the age of 87. + += = = Blaine Lindgren = = = +Harold Blaine Lindgren (June 26, 1939 – October 5, 2019) was an American sprinter. He competed mainly in the 110 m hurdles. He won this event at the 1963 Pan American Games. He won a silver medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics. +Lindgren died on October 5, 2019 in Salt Lake City, Utah at the age of 80. + += = = Rolle = = = +Rolle is a municipality in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It was the capital of the district of Rolle until 2006, when it became part of the district of Nyon. It is on the northwestern shore of Lake Geneva ("Lac Léman") between Nyon and Lausanne. Rolle is about northeast of Geneva (Genève) in the La Côte wine-growing region, and has views of the high Alps. It has a population () of . + += = = Essertines-sur-Rolle = = = +Essertines-sur-Rolle is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Eysins = = = +Eysins is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Founex = = = +Founex is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Matteson, Illinois = = = +Matteson is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States and southern suburb of Chicago. The population was 19,073 at the 2020 census. + += = = Westchester, Illinois = = = +Westchester is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is a western suburb of Chicago. The population was 16,892 at the 2020 census. + += = = Worth, Illinois = = = +Worth is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is a suburb of Chicago. The population was 10,970 at the 2020 census. + += = = Genolier = = = +Genolier is a municipality in the district Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Gilly = = = +Gilly is a municipality in the district Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Gingins = = = +Gingins is a municipality in the district Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Bo Horvat = = = +Bo Horvat (born April 5, 1995) is an ice hockey player and the current captain of the Vancouver Canucks. He has played for the Canucks since 2014. + += = = Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762) = = = +The Treaty of Fontainebleau was a secret agreement in 1762. In this treaty, France ceded Louisiana to Spain. The treaty happened shortly after the last battle in the French and Indian War in North America. This battle was the Battle of Signal Hill, and it happened in September 1762. This battle strengthened British control of Canada. In Europe, the related Seven Years' War continued. Because France already lost Canada, King Louis XV of France proposed to King Charles III of Spain that France should give Spain "the country known as Louisiana, as well as New Orleans and the island in which the city is at." Louis proposed the cession on November 13 and Charles accepted on November 23, 1762. + += = = Givrins = = = +Givrins is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Alsey, Illinois = = = +Alsey is a village in Illinois in the United States. It was originally called Smithfield. + += = = Manchester, Illinois = = = +Manchester is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = List of County Highways in Douglas County, Kansas = = = +Douglas County, Kansas, keeps many county highways to serve the rural areas and state parks of the county. It is one of a few of Kansas counties to do so. +The major county highways are built on a grid. East–west-oriented roads have a three-digit number beginning with the number "4" and ending in an even number. The further north the road, the lower the number; the further south, the higher the number. North–south-oriented roads have a four-digit number beginning with "10" and ending in an odd number. The further west the road, the lower the number; the further east, the higher the number. +There are also minor county roads with one or two digits that go a short distance or serve a state park. +None of the county highways enters Lawrence, the county seat. +The maximum speed limit on all county highways in Douglas County is . + += = = Black Hills Corporation = = = +Black Hills Corporation is an energy company that is an electric and gas utility in South Dakota and Wyoming. They sell power throughout the American West. They are in Rapid City, South Dakota. +It gets its name from its home in the Black Hills of South Dakota. + += = = Exede = = = +Exede Internet was launched in 2012 through ViaSat. It provides broadband internet to the United States. Exede service is powered by the ViaSat-1 satellite. ViaSat-1 earned the Guinness World Record title for the highest-capacity communications satellite. The Exede service currently serves 687,000 customers in the U.S. +History. +Launched in 2012, Exede Internet is a broadband internet service that covers areas traditional internet service providers do not reach. In 2013, Exede introduced Exede Voice home service as a companion to the data service. +Exede also offers Exede Business. It launched in 2014. It also offers Exede Enterprise for live events, field operations, and disaster response. + += = = Hughes Network Systems = = = +Hughes Communications is a subsidiary of EchoStar. It is headquartered in Germantown, Maryland. It provides a high-speed satellite internet service. That service is called HughesNet. It is the biggest service of its kind because it has more than 1.3 million subscribers in the Americas. +Company history. +HughesNet. +In 1996, Hughes created a satellite Internet service for people and small businesses. The service was called DirecPC. It was renamed to Direcway in May 2002. In 2012, with Hughes' first offering of broadband satellite Internet, it was renamed HughesNet. + += = = Gitanas Nausėda = = = +Gitanas Nausėda (born 19 May 1964) is a Lithuanian politician and economist. He is the 9th and current President of Lithuania since July 2019. He is an Independent. + += = = Electric utility = = = +An electric utility is a company in the electric power industry (often a public utility). This kind of company does electricity generation and distribution of electricity for sale generally in a regulated market. The electrical utility industry is a major provider of energy in most countries. +Electric utilities are facing increasing demands including aging infrastructure, reliability, and regulation. + += = = Enrique Moreno = = = +Enrique Moreno (December 28, 1955 – October 10, 2019) was a Mexican-American attorney. His career was based in El Paso, Texas. Moreno was once a federal judicial nominee to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit by President Bill Clinton in 1999. The Republican controlled United States Senate denied to approved his nomination twice. +Early life. +Moreno was born in Chihuahua, Mexico and the son of a carpenter and a seamstress, Moreno earned a bachelor's degree from Harvard University in 1978 and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1981. +Career. +Moreno began his career as a personal injury and product liability attorney in 1981 in El Paso, Texas. He has worked for four different law firms in his career. He has been the practitioner of the Law Offices of Enrique Moreno since 1999. +Moreno won several large judgments in his legal career. In August 2001, Moreno was one of five lawyers to win a $55,515,000 judgment for an El Paso man against Kelly-Moore Paints for placing asbestos-containing fibers in a joint compound product that caused pleural mesothelioma in a patient. +On April 12, 2006, Moreno won a $27.5 million judgment for an Iran-born American citizen against Southwest Airlines in a landmark racial profiling case after Southwest's flight attendants had her arrested after she had complained about poor service on the airline. +Death. +Moreno died of cancer-related problems in El Paso on October 10, 2019 at the age of 63. + += = = Lightspeed (magazine) = = = +Lightspeed is an American online fantasy and science fiction magazine. John Joseph Adams edits and publishes the magazine. The first issue was published in June 2010 It is published every month. The magazine publishes four new, original stories and four reprints in every issue. It also includes interviews with the authors and other nonfiction. All of the content published in each issue is sold as as an ebook and for free on the magazine's website. "Lightspeed" also makes a free podcast with some stories. Stefan Rudnicki produces the podcast. +History. +"Lightspeed" was started by publisher Sean Wallace of Prime Books with John Joseph Adams as editor. Wallace also published "Fantasy Magazine." Adams also started to edit "Fantasy Magazine" from March 2011. "Lightspeed" became an SFWA-qualifying market in July 2011. +In November of 2011 Adams purchased "Lightspeed" and "Fantasy Magazine" from Wallace. From January 2012 issue, both magazines were combined with the name "Lightspeed." "Fantasy Magazine" stopped publishing. The "Fantasy Magazine" staff was also absorbed into "Lightspeed". +In September 2013, "Lightspeed" published their first Special Issue. It was called "Women Destroy Science Fiction", an anthology entirely written and edited by women. Lightspeed got $53,136 from a Kickstarter to pay for the special issue. This was much more than their goal of $5,000. The additional funds allowed "Lightspeed" to publish further volumes, entitled "Women Destroy Fantasy" and "Women Destroy Horror." +Awards and recognition. +"Lightspeed" was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Semiprozine in 2011 and 2012, and, 2013, and won the Hugo in 2014. In 2011 its podcast was awarded a Parsec award for Maggie Clark's "Saying the Names." +In 2010 two Lightspeed stories were finalists for the Nebula Award for Best Short Story: Adam-Troy Castro's "Arvies" and Vylar Kaftan's "I'm Alive, I Love You, I'll See You in Reno." In 2011 "Amaryllis" by Carrie Vaughn was a finalist for the Hugo Award for Best Short story. Also in 2011, Adam-Troy Castro's "Her Husband's Hands" and Tom Crosshill's "Mama, We are Zhenya, Your Son" were finalists for the Best Short Story Nebula. Jake Kerr's "The Old Equations" was nominated for Best Novella. In 2012, Maria Dahvana Headley's "Give Her Honey When You Hear Her Scream" and Ken Liu's "The Bookmaking Habits of Select Species" were both finalists for the Best Short Story Nebula. In 2014, Ken Liu's "The Litigation Master and the Monkey King" and Christopher Barzak's "Paranormal Romance" were both finalists for the Best Novelette Nebula. In 2014, Matthew Kressel's "The Sounds of Old Earth" and Sylvia Spruck Wrigley's "Alive, Alive Oh" were both finalists for the Best Short Story Nebula. +Some stories were nominated for the Theodore Sturgeon Award: Yoon Ha Lee's "Flower, Mercy, Needle, Chain" in 2011, Jake Kerr's "The Old Equations" in 2012, and Ken Liu's "The Bookmaking Habits of Select Species" in 2013 +Several stories from the magazine have been printed again in anthologies showing excellent writing: + += = = The Paris Review = = = +The Paris Review is an English-language literary magazine. It started in Paris in 1953. It is published four times a year. by Harold L. Humes, Peter Matthiessen, and George Plimpton. In its first five years, "The Paris Review" published works by Jack Kerouac, Philip Larkin, V. S. Naipaul, Philip Roth, Terry Southern, Adrienne Rich, Italo Calvino, Samuel Beckett, Nadine Gordimer, Jean Genet, and Robert Bly. + += = = Ansible = = = +An ansible is a kind of fictional device or technology. Ansibles can communicate faster than light. It can send and receive messages to and from a corresponding device over any distance or obstacle whatsoever with no delay, even between star systems. As a name for such a device, the word "ansible" first appeared in a 1966 novel "Rocannon's World" by Ursula K. Le Guin The word shortened from "answerable." It allowed users to receive answers to their messages quickly, even over interstellar distances. +In Le Guin's works. +Any ansible may be used to communicate through any other, by setting its coordinates to those of the receiving ansible. They have a limited bandwidth which only allows for at most a few hundred characters of text to be communicated in any transaction of a dialog session, and are attached to a keyboard and small display to perform text messaging. +Other writers. +Many other writers have ansibles in their fiction. Examples include: + += = = University of California, Riverside = = = +The University of California, Riverside (UCR or UC Riverside), is a public research university in Riverside, California. It is part of the University of California system. + += = = Nalo Hopkinson = = = +Nalo Hopkinson (born 20 December 1960) is a Jamaican-born Canadian speculative fiction writer and editor. She lives and teaches in Riverside, California. Her novels ("Brown Girl in the Ring", "Midnight Robber", "The Salt Roads", "The New Moon's Arms") and short stories such as those in her collection "Skin Folk" often use Caribbean history and language. Hopkinson's favorite writers include Samuel R. Delany, Tobias S. Buckell, and Charles Saunders. +Awards. +Hopkinson won the 1999 John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer and the Ontario Arts Council Foundation Award for Emerging Writers. +"Brown Girl in the Ring" was nominated for the Philip K. Dick Award in 1998, and received the Locus Award for Best First Novel. +"Skin Folk" received the World Fantasy Award and the Sunburst Award for Canadian Literature of the Fantastic in 2003. + += = = Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America = = = +Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, or SFWA ( or ) is a nonprofit 501(c)3 organization of professional science fiction and fantasy writers. SFWA is based in the United States but membership is worldwide. Damon Knight started the organization in 1965 with the name Science Fiction Writers of America, Inc. The president of SFWA as of 2019 is Mary Robinette Kowal. +SFWA has about 1,900 professionally published writer members worldwide. +SFWA Active members vote for the Nebula Awards. They are some of the most important English-language science fiction awards. +Board and administrative staff. +SFWA's Board of Directors includes the current president, vice president, secretary, chief financial officer, and five directors-at-large. + += = = Raoni Metuktire = = = +Raoni Metuktire (born ), also known as Chief Raoni or Ropni, is a Brazilian leader and environmentalist. He is a chief of the Kayapo people, a Brazilian Indigenous group from the plain lands of the Mato Grosso and Pará in Brazil. He is internationally famous as a living symbol of the fight for the preservation of the Amazon rainforest and indigenous culture. + += = = Landsberg, Saxony-Anhalt = = = +Landsberg is a town in the Saalekreis in the state of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. +The town is between the cities of Halle, about in the southwest, Leipzig, about in the southeast, and Bitterfeld-Wolfen, about in the north.The oldest known trace of early settlements in what is now Landsberg dates from the Neolithic. + += = = Bitterfeld-Wolfen = = = +Bitterfeld-Wolfen is a town in the district Anhalt-Bitterfeld, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is in south-eastern Saxony-Anhalt, west of the river Mulde. The average air temperature in Bitterfeld is and the yearly rainfall . +More than 40,000 people live there. + += = = Selkirk, New York = = = +Selkirk is a hamlet in the town of Bethlehem, Albany County, New York. It is located south of the city of Albany, and is a suburb of that city. + += = = Gaston Bussière = = = +Gaston Bussière (April 24, 1862 in Cuisery – October 29, 1928 or 1929 in Saulieu) was a French Symbolist painter and illustrator. +Biography. +Bussière studied at l'Académie des Beaux-Arts in Lyon before entering l'École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He studied under Alexandre Cabanel then under Pierre Puvis de Chavannes . In 1884, he won the Marie Bashkirtseff Prize. In 1885, he displayed his works at the Salon. +He was close to Gustave Moreau. Bussière was inspired by the works of Hector Berlioz, William Shakespeare and Richard Wagner. He made the illustrations of the works of Honoré de Balzac, Théophile Gautier, Oscar Wilde and Gustave Flaubert. He also contributed to the magazine "Le Monde moderne" . +He has been close to Joséphin Péladan for a short period of time, which allowed him to display his works at the Salon of the Rose-Cross between 1893 and 1895. +The Museum of Ursulines in Macôn keeps a collection of his works. + += = = Demeke Mekonnen = = = +Demeke Mekonnen Hassen (; born 27 September 1963) is an Ethiopian politician and has served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Ethiopia, since 2012. Demeke has assumed the position of the Acting Prime Minister of Ethiopia on 23 November 2021, following Abiy Ahmed's decision to engage in the ongoing Tigray War at the frontlines. + += = = Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (movie) = = = +Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets is a 2002 fantasy movie directed by Chris Columbus. It is based on J. K. Rowling's 1998 novel of the same name. The movie stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, with Rupert Grint as Ron Weasley, and Emma Watson as Hermione Granger. +It was the last movie to have Richard Harris as Professor Albus Dumbledore, because of his death that same year. +"Chamber of Secrets" was released in theatres in the United Kingdom and the United States on 15 November 2002. It was nominated for many awards, including the BAFTA Award for Best Production Design, Best Sound, and Best Special Visual Effects. +Plot. +Spending the summer with his abusive aunt, uncle and cousin, Harry meets an elf named Dobby. Elves are slaves of magical families. Dobby tells Harry not to return to Hogwarts school. The Dursleys lock Harry in his room so that he cannot escape. Harry is rescued by his friend Ron Weasley and his olde twin brothers, Fred and George. +While buying school supplies in a street named Diagon Alley, Harry sees the school bully, Draco Malfoy. Draco's father, Lucius, gives Ron's sister, Ginny, a black book. Dobby prevents Harry and Ron from getting to the Hogwarts train so they use a flying car to get to the school. +At school, Harry begins to hear voices in the walls. Mysterious writing appears on the walls saying "the Chamber of Secrets has been opened". The Chamber of Secrets is a mysterious part of the school built by Salazar Slytherin, one of the four founders of Hogwarts. The school staff learn that Ron's younger sister, Ginny, has been taken into the Chamber. Harry finds a magic black diary written by a former student named Tom Riddle. +Harry goes into the Chamber of Secrets and finds Ginny, who has been captured by the ghost of Tom Riddle, who is the younger version of Lord Voldemort. It turns out that the book Draco's father gave to Ginny was the diary of Tom Riddle and she was the one who accidentally opened the Chamber. Tom Riddle tries to kill Harry with a gigantic snake called the Basilisk. Harry kills the snake with a sword and destroys the diary, which causes the ghost of Tom Riddle to disappear. +Harry gives the book back to Lucius Malfoy and finds out that Dobby is the Malfoy family's slave. Harry tricks Lucius into freeing Dobby from his service. +Additional Voices, Charlie Adler, Tom Amundsen, Jack Blessing, Kimberly Brooks, Greg Berg, Bob Bergen, Steve Blum, Lara Cody, Rodger Bumpass, Doug Burch, Helene Vania Cardona, Charles Bartlett, Cam Clarke, Corey Burton, June Christopher, David Cowgill, Wendy Cutler, Moosie Drier, Vicki Davis, Jane Carr, Debi Derryberry, Darin De Paul, Robert Pike Daniel, David A. Thomas, Ike Eisenmann, Bill Farmer, Gary A. Hecker, Django Craig, John DeMita, Jennifer Crystal Foley, Patrick Fraley, Pat Fry, Brian George, Michael Gough, Elisa Gabrielli, Lewis Macleod, Jessica Gee, Grant George, Kerry Gutierrez, Sherry Hursey, Donna Lynn Leavy, Jim Lau, Karen Huie, David Lodge, S. Scott Bullock, Neil Kaplan, Tom Kenny, Jennifer Hale, Patricia Lentz, David Michie, Mona Marshall, Mickie McGowan, Rob Paulsen, Jim Meskimen, Dina Morrone, Jonathan Nichols, Paul Pape, Ashley Peldon, Courtney Peldon, Juan Pope, Gary Schwartz, David Sobolov, Michael Sorich, Patricia Parris, Phil Proctor, Brianne Siddall, Chris Phillips, Michael Ralph, Moira Quirk, Tony Pope, David Randolph, Noreen Reardon, Keith Szarabajka, Randy Thom, Sean Schemmel, Keith Silverstein, Patrick Seitz, Justin Shenkarow, Skip Stellrecht, Steve Susskind, Daisy Torme, Fred Tatasciore, Frank Welker, Kirk Thornton, Marcelo Tubert, Dave Willis, David Zyler, Jim Ward & Ezra Weisz. + += = = Northfield, Illinois = = = +Northfield is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is about north of downtown Chicago. As of the 2020 census, the village's population was 5,751. +The headquarters of Kraft Foods used to be in Northfield. + += = = Arenzville, Illinois = = = +Arenzville is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Grens = = = +Grens is a municipality in the district Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. Grens politics include the Green Party. + += = = Cisco, Illinois = = = +Cisco is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Bement, Illinois = = = +Bement is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Ivesdale, Illinois = = = +Ivesdale is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Jacksepticeye = = = +Seán McLoughlin (born 7 February 1990), better known as Jacksepticeye, is an Irish YouTuber. He is best known for his vlogs and comedic Let's Play series. He is the most-subscribed Irish channel. He is also known for his charity streams in which he raises money for good causes. "Business Insider" has called McLoughlin "one of YouTube's most [well known] philanthropists". +In October 2018, McLoughlin posted a video announcing Cloak, a clothing brand aimed at gamers which he created with Markiplier. In June 2020, Cloak welcomed the Twitch streamer Pokimane as a third partner and creative director for the brand. +In 2020, he created his own coffee company, named Top of The Mornin' Coffee. +As well as YouTubers, McLoughlin's channel has had celebrities, including interviews with Jack Black, Karen Gillan, Tom Holland, Dwayne Johnson, Kevin Hart, Brad Pitt, Chris Hemsworth, Ryan Reynolds, and Margot Robbie. +Each of his videos begins with an intro in which he gives a high five to the camera and says "Top of the morning to ya, laddies". + += = = Keith Whitley = = = +Jackie Keith Whitley (July 1, 1954 – May 9, 1989) was an American country music singer. During his career, Whitley only recorded two albums but charted 12 singles on the "Billboard" country charts, and 7 more after his death. + += = = Thomas Carney = = = +Thomas Carney (August 20, 1824 – July 28, 1888) was the second Governor of Kansas. +Biography. +Carney was born in Delaware County, Ohio. His parents were James and Jane (Ostrander) Carney. James died in 1828, making his wife a widow, and it left four young sons without a father. Thomas stayed at home, farming with his mother, until he turned 19 years old. He studied in Berkshire, Ohio. He lived there with an uncle. He worked in mercantile businesses. He created a successful wholesale business in Leavenworth, Kansas. He was elected to the Kansas Legislature in 1861. He married Rebecca Ann Cannady on November 13, 1861. +Career. +After he was State Representative, Carney was elected Governor of Kansas. He was governor from 1863 through 1865. While he was governor, he focused on developing the state and solving the problems caused by the Civil War. He was elected Mayor of Leavenworth in 1865. He created the First National Bank of Leavenworth. He was also director of the Lawrence and Fort Gibson Railroad Company. He continued in business until 1875. +Death. +Carney died on July 28, 1888 in Leavenworth, Kansas. He died of apoplexy. He is buried in Leavenworth in Mount Muncie Cemetery. + += = = Cutler, Illinois = = = +Cutler is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Danvers, Illinois = = = +Danvers is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Stacy's Mom = = = +"Stacy's Mom" is a pop rock song by the American rock band Fountains of Wayne. It was on their third studio album, "Welcome Interstate Managers". "Stacy's Mom" was released on the radio on May 20, 2003. The song was released as the main single from "Welcome Interstate Managers" on September 29, 2003. The album was released through S-Curve Records and Virgin Records. "Stacy's Mom" was written by bassist Adam Schlesinger and vocalist Chris Collingwood. Both of them created the song alongside Mike Denneen. The song was inspired by Schlesinger's friend when he was young, who had a crush on his grandmother. +Background. +"Stacy's Mom" was written by Chris Collingwood and Adam Schlesinger. It is a power pop song. it is a single told from the perspective of a young boy who has to tell his friend Stacy that he's actually attracted to her mother instead of her. +Chart performance. +"Stacy's Mom" debuted on the "Billboard" Hot 100 the week of October 11, 2003, at number 59. It was their first song to appear on that chart. It peaked at number 21 the week of November 21, 2003. It stayed there for two weeks. It stayed on the chart for seventeen weeks. +Formats and track listing. +Europe 7" +UK CD (Enhanced) +US CD (Promo) + += = = Still Swingin' = = = +"Still Swingin" is a song by the American rock band Papa Roach. It was released as the first single from their album "The Connection". It was released on June 24, 2012. The single was well liked by the fans for having the rap-style vocals of the band's early songs. + += = = Parks and Recreation = = = +Parks and Recreation is a television sitcom. It was on TV from April 9, 2009 to February 24, 2015, with a special reunion episode airing on April 30, 2020. During this time, it showed 126 episodes over seven seasons. It ran on the channel NBC. It was created by Greg Daniels and Michael Schur. The show is about a group of people who live in a fictional town called Pawnee in the state of Indiana. They work in the government of Pawnee, in the Department of Parks and Recreation. The main character of the show is Leslie Knope. She is an optimistic person who loves her job and the city of Pawnee. The actress who plays her is Amy Poehler. There are many other characters in the show. They are: Ann Perkins (Rashida Jones), Mark Brendanawicz (Paul Schneider), Tom Haverford (Aziz Ansari), Ron Swanson (Nick Offerman), April Ludgate (Aubrey Plaza), Andy Dwyer (Chris Pratt), Ben Wyatt (Adam Scott), Chris Traeger (Rob Lowe), Jerry Gergich (Jim O'Heir), Donna Meagle (Retta), and Craig Middlebrooks (Billy Eichner). +The series changed as time went on. The writers wanted to make the show like real life. To do this, they learned about how governments of cities really worked. They also talked about current political issues in episodes of the show. For example, one episode has the government of Pawnee shut down. This means that there is not enough money for the government to work correctly, so it stops doing everything that is not very important. The writers put this in the show because of a real government shutdown. The real shutdown happened because of a financial crisis in 2007-2008, and this was the same time that the episode was being written. Sometimes, real politicians also acted on the show. Joe Biden, John McCain, and Michelle Obama were some of the politicians who did this. The characters in the show also changed. Some people watched the first season and thought that Leslie Knope was too ditzy—that is, unintelligent and unable to do her job correctly. So the writers changed the way they showed Leslie. They wanted viewers to know she really was smart. During the show, many of the characters have changing romantic relationships and get different jobs. They changed just like people change in real life. +The first season only had six episodes. It got mixed reviews. People thought some things about it were good, and some things about it were bad. Many people thought it was too much like "The Office." Like "Parks and Recreation, The Office" was another sitcom that Daniels created. But after the first season, it got positive reviews. Many people thought it was good, and it won many awards. It was nominated for an Emmy Award 14 times. It was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series—Musical or Comedy. It won a Golden Globe Award for the good job Poehler +did playing Leslie Knope. + += = = Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award = = = +The Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award is a lifetime honor from the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America. The SFWA gives up to one award each year to a writer of fantasy or science fiction. It started in 1975 when Robert Heinlein became the first SFWA Grand Master. The name Damon Knight was added in 2002. He started the SFWA and died in 2002. +The award is given each year at the SFWA Nebula Awards banquet, but it is not one of the Nebulas. Only SFWA officers and past presidents suggest Grand Masters, and the final choice must be approved by a majority of that group. The winner is announced in advance. +Grand Masters. +There have been 34 in the 44 years from 1974/1975 to 2017/2018. + += = = May Hill Arbuthnot = = = +May Hill Arbuthnot (August 27, 1884 – October 2, 1969) was an educator, editor, writer, and critic. She worked to support children's literature. She was listed in the "American Libraries" article “100 Most Important Leaders we had for the 20th Century”. + += = = Zenaida Moya = = = +Zenaida Victoria Moya is a former mayor of Belize City, Belize. She was mayor from 1 March 2006 to 7 March 2012. She was first elected in the 2006 municipal elections. She is a former member of the United Democratic Party (UDP). Moya was Belize City’s first female mayor. + += = = Division of Burt = = = +The Division of Burt is an Australian electoral division in the state of Western Australia. +History. +The division was created in 2015. It was named after the Burt family, especially Sir Archibald Burt, Septimus Burt and Sir Francis Burt. The division is in the south-eastern suburbs of Perth. It covers areas that were once in the divisions of Canning, Hasluck and Tangney. +The seat was first contested at the 2016 federal election. +Geography. +The seat includes large parts of the City of Gosnells and the City of Armadale and portion of the City of Canning. Suburbs included are: + += = = Scott Duncan = = = +Adam Scott Mathieson Duncan (2 November 1888 – 3 October 1976) was a Scottish footballer and manager. + += = = Sakya = = = +The Sakya is the name of one of four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. Other schools are Nyingma, Kagyu, and Gelug. Sakya is one of the Red Hat sects. + += = = Drosophilidae = = = +The Drosophilidae is a huge, widespread (cosmopolitan) family of flies, which includes the famous fruit flies. The family has over 4000 species in 75 genera. A recent publication lists the species: +There is another unrelated family of flies, the Tephritidae, which includes species also known as "fruit flies". +The best known species of the Drosophilidae is "Drosophila melanogaster". This species and its relatives are often used for studies on genetics, development, physiology, and behaviour. +"D. melanogaster" is not so much studied in the field as in the laboratory. The best-known studies of "Drosophila" in a natural environment was done by Dobzhansky and colleagues on "Drosophila pseudoobscura" from the early 1930s to 1970. Reprints and discussions are in Lewontin "et al" 2003, and theoretical discussions in Dobzhansky, 1970. +The cells of fruit flies usually do not divide after the imago is hatched. The fruit fly is mostly composed of post-mitotic cells, has a very short lifespan, and shows gradual ageing. As in other species, temperature influences the life history of the animal. They live longer in colder weather. Several genes can be manipulated to extend the lifespan of these insects. +The Drosophilidae has two subfamilies, the Drosophilinae and the Steganinae. + += = = Sara Danius = = = +Sara Maria Danius (5 April 1962 – 12 October 2019) was a Swedish scholar of literature, aesthetics and former member of the Nobel prize in literature committee. Danius was professor of aesthetics at Södertörn University, docent of literature at Uppsala University and professor in literary science at Stockholm University. +Danius was a member of the Swedish Academy and its first female permanent secretary. She was one of the central figures in the 2018 controversies resulting in the cancellation of the Nobel Prize in Literature that year and the following restructuring of the academy. She was born in Täby. +Danius died on 12 October 2019, aged 57, after having suffered from breast cancer for several years. + += = = Steganinae = = = +The Steganinae is the smaller of two subfamilies in the fruit fly family Drosophilidae. The other subfamily is the Drosophilinae. + += = = Drosophilinae = = = +The Drosophilinae are the largest subfamily in the Drosophilidae. The other subfamily is the Steganinae. +A huge amount of research has shown the way the fly has evolved many species as it spread across the world. +The genus "Drosophila" is paraphyletic because several genera (with many species), such as "Zaprionus", "Scaptomyza" and "Lordiphosa", are within the genus. What this means is that they have evolved from more standard "Drosophila" over time. This is pretty well supported by the evidence of their genome. +In taxonomy, there are two ways of solving this kind of problem: +Genus "Drosophila" could be raised to a supergenus, or the related offshoot genera could be demoted to subgenera. + += = = Bantam, Ohio = = = +Bantam is an unincorporated community in Clermont County, Ohio, in the United States. + += = = Wheelchair rugby = = = +Wheelchair rugby is a team sport for athletes who are differently abled. It is played in over twenty-five countries around the world. It is a summer Paralympic game. It is also know as quad rugby in the United States. + += = = Jolene Marie Rotinsulu = = = +Jolene Marie Cholock-Rotinsulu (; born May 15, 1996) is an Indonesian-American member of the International Paralympics Games committee, disability rights activist, TV commercial model, celebrity, singer, young entrepreneur, mountaineer, and a beauty pageant titleholder who won the title of Puteri Indonesia Lingkungan 2019. She will represent Indonesia at the Miss International 2019 pageant at the Tokyo Dome City Hall in Tokyo, Japan. + += = = Seulgi (singer) = = = +Kang Seul-gi is a South Korean singer, actress, and model. She goes by the mononym Seulgi. She is known for being a member of K-pop girl group Red Velvet and its subunit Red Velvet - IRENE & SEULGI. +Seulgi was born in South Korea on 20 Feburary 1994. In 2013, she joined SM Entertainment as a trainee. Later she became a member of Red Velvet in 2014. In 2015, she made her first appearance as an actress. + += = = Sugarcane juice = = = +Sugarcane juice is the liquid extracted from pressed sugarcane. Especially, in places where sugarcane is grown commercially, it is a popular drink. Today, most sugarcane comes from Southeast Asia, India, Northern Africa, and Latin America. In Spanish-speaking countries, sugarcane juice is usually called Guarapo, or guarapa. In Portugese, it is called garapa. These names can also refer to palm syrup. +In the United States where processed sugarcane syrup is used as a sweetener in food and beverage manufacturing, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers "evaporated cane juice" to be a misleading term for "sugar" on product labels. The FDA regards "juice" as a liquid derived from fruits or vegetables, so the preferred term is "cane sugar". +In Brazil, laboratories use sugarcane juice to make ethanol fuel. + += = = Chalermpol Malakham = = = +Chalermpol Malakham () is a singer from the Isan area of Thailand. Known mostly for the Luk Thung and Mor lam styles, he is also considered a talented performer of Kantrum. Although the majority of Chalermpol's songs are in Thai, he often sings in Northern Khmer as well. + += = = John Saldivar = = = +John Birchman Saldivar is a Belizean politician. A member of the United Democratic Party (UDP), Saldivar served as the Minister of National Security and Defence from 8 March 2012 to 2020. He is also the Member of Parliament (MP) for Belmopan constituency in the House of Representatives (Belize) since it’s creation on 7 February 2008. He was previously Area Representative for Cayo South from 29 October 2003 to 7 February 2008. +On January 20, 2023, he was sanctioned by the United States Department of State citing corruption. +Early life. +John Birchman Saldivar was born in 1967 in Belmopan, then known as British Honduras. He lives in Belmopan and has lived there since birth. +Electoral history. +Saldivar first joined the UDP in 1993. In 1997 he submitted his nomination to be endorsed as the new UDP Standard bearer for Cayo South constituency in a convention and election. The former Standard-Bearer, Melvin Hulse Sr. was thought to contest the Convention (meeting), but declined the offer and resigned from the UDP to join the National Alliance for Belizean Rights (NABR). Leaving Saldivar to be endorsed. Saldivar went on to face PUP Standard-Bearer, Agripino Cawich. Both Saldivar and Cawich were political newcomers. The PUP was at the helm of Cayo South for over 3 decades. So Saldivar knew that defeating Cawich would not be easy, despite the lack of his political experience. + += = = Erwin Contreras = = = +Erwin Rafael “Winchi” Contreras (born 9 July 1966, Benque Viejo del Carmen, British Honduras) is a Belizean Politician and former Footballer. A member of the United Democratic Party (UDP), he served as Minister of Economic Development and Minister of Commerce, Industry and Consumer Protection from 8 February 2008 to 8 March 2012. After the 2012 election he was made Minister of Trade Investment, Minister of private sector Development and Minister of Consumer Protection, he served in those positions until 9 March 2018. On 9 March 2018, he was appointed as Minister of Economic Development, Minister of Petroleum and Minister of Investment, Trade and Commerce. +Contreras is a Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Representatives (Belize) for Cayo West constituency since 27 August 1998. +Biography +Erwin Rafael “Winchi” Contreras was born on 9 July 1966 in Benque Viejo del Carmen, Cayo District in the then, British Honduras. +Contreras is currently second in the Line of succession to Prime minister Dean Barrow who will retire as Prime minister on 1 April 2020 behind Deputy prime minister, Patrick Faber. He belongs to the UDP. In addition, Barrow has also decided not to seek another term in his Queen’s Square constituency and will officially resign from Electoral politics on 2 November 2020, once the results for the 2020 general election is out. On 7 February 2006, Barrow told 7 News that he will resign if the UDP losses the upcoming Municipal elections. Contreras was at that time one of the two choices who would succeed Barrow as Leader of the UDP, if he were to resign then. The other choice was Shadow Minister of Police and the Army, Michael Finnegan. After the UDP won the 2006 municipal election, Barrow kept his promise and remained as UDP Leader. +Contreras is a former member of the Belize national football team. He first joined the team in 1993. After a determined training, he played in both of Belize’s 1998 Wold Cup qualification games against Panama in March 1996. Although, his team made it through the qualification Round. They would eventually lose the World Cup that year. After the loss for his team, Contreras announced his resignation from the Team and that he no longer aspires to enter the Soccer arena. He also said that he will be looking for another opportunity to serve the People of Belize. +Electoral history +Contreras first joined the UDP in 1997 when he submitted his Nomination to contest the UDP Standard Bareer convention and election in Cayo West against Guillermo Valdez, who contested the 1993 election under the UDP ticket. Contreras had the support of Prime minister, Manuel Esquivel and Former UDP Leader, Dean Lindo, while Valdez was backed by Deputy prime minister, Barrow and Minister of Police and the Army, Michael Finnegan (Belizean politician). In the end, Contreras won 1,537 votes to Valdez’s 1,527 votes. Contreras then prepared himself to face Amin Hegar of the People’s United Party (PUP) in the 1998 Belizean general election who had been the MP for Cayo West for over five years. Contreras had a disadvantage and new that the road to Cayo West was not easy. He was even criticised for “lack of experience”. When Esquivel called the election, Contreras led his People in a March from Cinderella Plaza through downtown Belize City to the Island. It was a very Successful March which energised his Party. After the March concluded, Lindo spoke to News 5 and said that he has full confidence that Contreras will win and deliver Cayo West for his People. Public support for Contreras indicated that he was going to win his Constituency with a Landslide victory. However that all changed on Election Day. It was found that Contreras had allegedly handed out leases to over four hundred lots on Election Day and this constituted Bribery under the Election laws. The written Opinion in the case has not yet been released. After a determined Campaign, Contreras emerged Victorious, gaining 1,537 votes to Hegar’s 1,527 votes retiring the one term MP. Bucking a National trend, Contreras as the Only UDP Candidate to defeat a PUP House Incumbent In 1998 and one of the only three UDP members elected nationwide that Year. After the UDP’s Landslide lost in the 1998 election, Esquivel resigned as UDP Leader and the Party had only three suitable candidates for the post. A The first being Front-runner, Barrow who was considered favourite in the race and the others being, Finnegan and Contreras. Both declined the offer to run for Party Leader and instead Contreras submitted his Nomination to run for Second Deputy Leader of the UDP and so the Party had no other option but to elect Barrow as their Leader. Barrow formed his Shadow cabinet comprising with just three Opposition Ministers. He appointed Contreras as Shadow Minister of Economic Development, Investment and Traderesponsible for aguing with Minister, Ralph Fonseca on issues concerning the Budget planning and management, Economic development, Investment and Trade. Contreras discharged his duties in the portfolio faithfully and eagerly. In 1999, he provided free Petrol to cars in his Constituency and reduced the sales of Vechicals by $1000. As a result, many of his constituents were able to afford them. In 2000, he officially opened a Sewing shop in Benque Viejo del Carmen. Soon the 2003 general election came, and it was time for Contreras to secure another term in Cayo West. He was endorsed unopposed as Standard-Bareer for the Constituency In 2002. He then went on to go neck-a-neck against PUP Newcomer Kendall Mendez. During the campaign, Contreras sited his major Achievements in his first term and embodied the road ahead for Cayo West. Contreras was once again Victorious In Cayo West, acquiring 2,180 votes to beat Mendez, whose votes totalled 1,800. Although Cayo West remained a UDP Stronghold, it lost the election that year and was sent back to opposition. This time with a larger Shadow cabinet of 7 ministers, Barrow selected Contreras to be Shadow Minister of Economic Development, Shadow Minister of Commerce, Industry and Consumer Protection. This time with double the responsibilities. In 2005, Contreras wrote a stimulase plan on how to tackle the Economic downfall and create more industries. Two issues that the Musa Administration failed to Address during his 10-year term. The UDP was on + += = = Chinatown, Singapore = = = +Chinatown (, , ) is a subzone and ethnic enclave located within the Outram district in the Central Area of Singapore. Featuring distinctly Chinese cultural elements, Chinatown has had a historically concentrated ethnic Chinese population. +Chinatown is considerably less of an enclave than it once was. However, the precinct does retain significant historical and cultural significance. Large sections of it have been declared national heritage sites officially designated for conservation by the Urban Redevelopment Authority. + += = = Fear of the dark = = = +Fear of the dark is a common fear or phobia among children and, to some degree, adults. In severe cases, it has the name of nyctophobia or scotophobia or lygophobia. + += = = California Pines, California = = = +California Pines is a census-designated place (CDP) in Modoc County, California, United States. The population was 473 at the 2020 census. +It is found at an elevation of . + += = = Eagleville, Modoc County, California = = = +Eagleville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Modoc County, California, United States. It is about east-southeast of Alturas, at an elevation of . The population was 45 at the 2020 census. + += = = La Rippe = = = +La Rippe is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Longirod = = = +Longirod is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Luins = = = +Luins is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Marchissy = = = +Marchissy is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud. It is in the district of Nyon. + += = = Dompierre = = = +Dompierre can mean: + += = = Dompierre, Oise = = = +Dompierre is a commune in the Oise department in northern France. + += = = Dompierre-en-Morvan = = = +Dompierre-en-Morvan is a commune. It is in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France. + += = = Tekirdağ = = = +Tekirdağ is a city in the European part of Turkey. It is a part of the region historically known as East Thrace. Tekirdağ is the capital of Tekirdağ Province. The city population is 176,848 mostly Turkish people, some of Yörüks-Background, Pomak, Crimean Tatars and Romanlar. There are honorary consulates of Hungary and Bulgaria in Tekirdağ. +Tekirdağ is on the northern coast of the Sea of Marmara, west of the city of Istanbul. + += = = 700 (number) = = = +700 (seven hundred) is the natural number after 699 and before 701. + += = = 79 (number) = = = +Seventy-nine is a natural number. It comes between seventy-eight and eighty, and is an odd number. It is also the 22nd prime number, between 73 and 83. + += = = Cool, Texas = = = +Cool is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = 82 (number) = = = +Eighty-two is a number. It comes between eighty-one and eighty-three, and is an even number. It is divisible by 1, 2, 41, and 82. + += = = Mount Vernon, Texas = = = +Mount Vernon is a town in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Franklin County. + += = = Beverly Hills, Texas = = = +Beverly Hills is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is in McLennan County. + += = = Saint-Cergue = = = +Saint-Cergue is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. + += = = Gouverneur (village), New York = = = +Gouverneur is a village in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The population was 3,526 at the 2020 census. + += = = Luhansk People's Republic = = = +Luhansk People’s Republic was a partially recognised state in the Donbas region of Ukraine. When the War in Donbass started in 2014, a few hundred separatists proclaimed it in part of the Luhansk Oblast. Luhansk Oblast is to the east of Ukraine, at the Ukrainian border with Russia. Approximately at the same time, other rebels formed the Donetsk People's Republic in Donetsk Oblast. In both parts, there are many ethnic Russians. There was a claim that Russia helped start these unrecognized states. The country is loyal to Russia. +In 2022 Russia, Syria and DPRK officially recognised the state along with the Donetsk People's Republic, Abkhazia and South Ossetia. +In late 2022, the Luhansk People's Republic became a federal subject of Russia alongside three other occupied oblasts. Most of the international community agrees that Luhansk legally belongs to Ukraine. + += = = Saraswati Chaudhary = = = +Saraswati Chaudhary () is a Nepali politician. She is one of the representative of "Nepali Congress" political party. She is also a member of the Province No. 2 Provincial Assembly of Nepal. + += = = Spit (landform) = = = +A spit is a stretch of land or sand which projects out to sea. It is joined to the mainland at one end. Spits are created by deposition of sand. +Spits are formed where the prevailing wind blows at an angle to the coastline. The sand on the beach is moved by the waves along the shore, which is called 'longshore drift'. The sand collects at the end to form a spit. An example of a spit is Spurn Head, along the Holderness coast in Humberside near Hull. + += = = Flag of the United Nations = = = +The flag of the United Nations was created on December 7, 1946, and is made up of the official emblem of the United Nations in white on a blue background. It was designed by Donal McLaughlin. +The olive branches are a symbol for peace, and the world map represents all the people and the countries of the world. +White and blue are the official colours of the United Nations. + += = = Flag of Europe = = = +The Flag of Europe or European Flag, is an official symbol adopted by two separate organisations, the Council of Europe (CoE) as a symbol for the whole of Europe, and the European Union (EU). Its made up of a circle of twelve five-pointed yellow stars on a blue ("azure") field. +The design was created in 1955, and officially adopted later that year by the Council of Europe as a symbol for the whole of Europe. + += = = Abhijit Banerjee = = = +Abhijit Vinayak Banerjee (; born February 21, 1961) is an Indian-American economist. Banerjee shared the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with his wife Esther Duflo and fellow economist Michael Kremer, "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty." He is the Ford Foundation International Professor of Economics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. +He along with wife Esther Duflo are the sixth married couple to jointly win a Nobel Prize. + += = = Esther Duflo = = = +Esther Duflo, FBA (; born 25 October 1972) is a French-American economist. She is the Abdul Latif Jameel Professor of Poverty Alleviation and Development Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She is the co-founder and co-director of the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. +Duflo shared the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with Abhijit Banerjee and Michael Kremer, "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty". She is the youngest person and the second woman to win this award. + += = = Michael Kremer = = = +Michael Robert Kremer (born November 12, 1964) is an American development economist of Jewish descent. He is the Gates Professor of Developing Societies at Harvard University. In 2019 he was jointly awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics, together with Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo, "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty." + += = = Sulli = = = +Choi Jin-ri (March 29, 1994 – October 14, 2019), better known by her stage name Sulli, was a South Korean singer-songwriter, actress and model. She played the young Princess Seonhwa of Silla in the SBS drama "Ballad of Seodong" (2005). +In 2009, Sulli became a member of the South Korean girl group f(x). She left the group in 2015 to focus on her acting career. She made her solo debut album in June 2019 with the single album "Goblin". +Sulli killed herself at her Seongnam apartment on October 14, 2019 at the age of 25. She suffered from depression and was a victim of constant cyber bullying. + += = = Henry Keizer = = = +Judicus Marinus Henricus Jacobus "Henry" Keizer (4 November 1960 – 5 October 2019) was a Dutch businessman. He was Chairman of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, the leading political party in the Netherlands. + += = = Philippe Vandevelde = = = +Philippe Vandevelde, working under the pseudonym Tome (24 February 1957 – 5 October 2019), was a Belgian comics script writer. He was known for works with Janry on "Spirou et Fantasio" and "Le Petit Spirou", and with Luc Warnant and later Bruno Gazzotti on "Soda". +He also worked with Ralph Meyer on "Berceuse assassine", and with Marc Hardy on "Feux". Earlier in his career he was an assistant-artist for Dupa. + += = = England national under-21 football team = = = +The England national under-21 football team is one of the youth teams of England’s national football team. Their current head coach is Aidy Boothroyd. +The team is for English players that are 21 years of age or younger. It is also possible for older players to be eligible because FIFA allows 3 or 5 over-aged players maximum. +Records. +Most capped players. +Note: "Club(s)" represents the clubs the player was at during the player's time in the Under-21s. Those players in bold are still eligible to play for the U21's. +Leading goalscorers. +Note: "Club(s)" represents the clubs the player was at during the player's time in the Under-21s. Those players in bold are still eligible to play for the U21's. + += = = Neale Lavis = = = +Neale John Lavis (11 June 1930 – 6 October 2019) was an Australian equestrian and Olympic champion. He won a team gold medal in eventing at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, and a silver medal in individual eventing. He also participated at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, but did not win any medals there. + += = = Ted Green = = = +Edward Joseph "Terrible Ted" Green (March 23, 1940 – October 8, 2019) was a Canadian professional ice hockey coach and player. Green played defence in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Boston Bruins and in the World Hockey Association (WHA) for the New England Whalers and Winnipeg Jets. He was a head coach with the Edmonton Oilers, and was an assistant coach with the Oilers and the New York Rangers. +Green died in Edmonton on October 8, 2019 after a long-illness at the age of 79. + += = = John Giorno = = = +John Giorno (December 4, 1936 – October 11, 2019) was an American poet and performance artist. He founded the not-for-profit production company Giorno Poetry Systems. He was known for his works with Andy Warhol's and appeared in Warhol's movie "Sleep" (1963). +Giorno died of a heart attack at age 82 on October 11, 2019, at his home in Manhattan. + += = = Sture Allén = = = +Sture Allén (31 December 1928 – 20 June 2022) was a Swedish linguist and professor. He worked at the University of Gothenburg. He was the permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy between 1986 and 1999. He was born in Gothenburg. Allén was elected to chair 3 of the Swedish Academy in 1980. Allén was also a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. +Allén died on 20 June 2022 in Gothenburg, Sweden at the age of 93. + += = = Anger management = = = +Anger management is a psychotherapeutic program for anger control. It has been described as using anger successfully. + += = = Seongnam = = = +Seongnam is a city in South Korea. + += = = Martin F. Conway = = = +Martin Franklin Conway (November 19, 1827 – February 15, 1882) was a U.S. congressman, consul to France, abolitionist, and supporter of the Free-State movement in Kansas. +Career. +Conway moved to the Kansas Territory in 1854. He first started working as a special correspondent for the "Baltimore Sun". +In 1860, Conway was elected as representative to the U.S. Congress under the Wyandotte Constitution. When Kansas entered the Union in January 1861, he was the new state's first congressman. He served as a Republican until March 3, 1863. +Conway died on February 15, 1882. + += = = Multirole combat aircraft = = = +A multirole combat aircraft (MRCA) is a military airplane designed for more than one purpose. A multirole fighter is a multirole combat aircraft that can be used to attack enemy airplanes. +The term "multirole" is the ability for the airplane to perform more than one task or combat role. Many times airplanes will be designed for one task, and later someone will make small changes to the airplane to perform a different task. For example, the F-15 Eagle was first designed as an air superiority fighter to destroy other enemy fighters. Many years later its designers made changes to allow it to carry bombs and missiles and attack targets on the ground. +There are many roles that combat airplanes may fill: + += = = Chicken Run = = = +Chicken Run is a 2000 stop motion animated movie produced by Aardman Animations in partnership with DreamWorks Animation. +The voice-overs were done by Timothy Spall, Phil Daniels, Mel Gibson, Julia Sawalha, Lynn Ferguson, Imelda Staunton, Jane Horrocks, Benjamin Whitrow, Tony Haygarth and Miranda Richardson. + += = = Sherry Lynn = = = +Sherry Lynn is an American voice actress who has played roles in anime, animated television series and video games. She portrayed Sasami Jurai in the "Tenchi Muyo!" franchise. + += = = Bob Bergen = = = +Robert Snelgrove “Bob” Bergen (born March 8, 1964) is an American voice actor. He is the current voice of the Warner Bros. cartoon character Porky Pig and formerly hosted "Jep!", a kids' version of the popular game show "Jeopardy!". He is also known for voicing characters in the English dubs of various anime. +Life and career. +Bergen is best known for his work with the Warner Bros.' "Looney Tunes" franchise as the current voice of Porky Pig; however, he has also voiced Marvin the Martian, Tweety Bird and Speedy Gonzales. + += = = Defunctland = = = +Defunctland is a documentary series about defunct theme park rides. There are currently 3 seasons, with seasons 1 and 2 currently finished. +Season 3 currently has 2 episodes. Sixty-six episodes are planned, with 46 past episodes and 20 planned episodes. +There is also a spin-off called "DefunctTV" with a few episodes. They also have a Jim Henson miniseries. + += = = Candyman (1992 movie) = = = +Candyman is a 1992 American supernatural slasher movie written and directed by Bernard Rose. It stars Virginia Madsen, Tony Todd, Xander Berkeley, Kasi Lemmons, and Vanessa Williams. It is based on the short story "The Forbidden" by Clive Barker. +The movie is about a graduate student in Chicago finishing a thesis on urban legends, which leads her to the legend of "Candyman", the ghost of an artist and son of a slave who was murdered in the late 19th century. +"Candyman" was released theatrically by TriStar and PolyGram Filmed Entertainment on October 16, 1992. It made over $25 million domestically. It was followed by two sequels, ' (1995) and ' (1999). +The movie received a 74% on Rotten Tomatoes with generally positive reviews. However, the movie was controversial at the time due to many racial stereotypes being shown in the movie about African-Americans. + += = = Tony Todd = = = +Anthony Tiran Todd (born December 4, 1954) is an American actor and movie producer. He is best known for playing Sergeant Warren in "Platoon" (1986), Kurn in ' (1990–1991) and ' (1996) and the main character in the "Candyman" horror trilogy (1992–1999). + += = = Candyman (character) = = = +Daniel Robitaille, mainly known as [the] Candyman, is a fictional character and slasher icon mainly in the "Candyman" series of movies. He is the main antagonist, but originates from Clive Barker's short story "The Forbidden" in 1985. +In the movie series he is the evil ghost of an African-American man who was brutally lynched for a forbidden interracial love affair in the 19th century, and will haunt and kill anyone who calls the name of Candyman before a mirror five times in a row. He sometimes also targets those who openly deny the urban legend of his existence as a ghost. +He kills people with a hook for a hand and slashes their chest or back open causing them to bleed to death. +He is ninth in the list of slasher icons per kill count, with a total of 22 kills. He is played in "Candyman" (1992), ', ' and "Candyman" (2021) by actor Tony Todd. + += = = Fernsehturm = = = +The Berliner Fernsehturm or Fernsehturm Berlin (English: Berlin Television Tower) is the tallest television tower in central Berlin, Germany. It is tall. The tower is the fourth highest television tower in Europe. It is located in a park in Berlin's Mitte district ("Bezirk"). When it was built in 1969, it was the second tallest television tower in the world. In 2021, it is one of the 10 most popular attractions in Germany. Over one million people visit the tower each year. The international-style television tower was built in 1965-1969 by Deutsche Post in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany). It was built in the park next to the demolished Marienviertel. On October 3, 1969, the opening took place. The building is over 220 meters higher than the old Berlin radio tower from the 1920s in the western part of the city. As a landmark visible from far away, it shapes the skyline of the city. In opening scenes of movies related to Berlin, buildings such as the Brandenburg Gate, the Victory Column and the Reichstag building are often symbolized by the television tower. + += = = Luca Bottale = = = +Luca Bottale (born 1967 in Milan) is an italian voice actor. He is involved in dubbing various Anime and cartoon characters as Brock from Pokémon and Usopp from One Piece. + += = = Patrizio Prata = = = +Patrizio Prata (1972) is an Italian voice actor from Milan. He voiced several fictional characters in cartons, Anime and Videogames as C17 in Dragon Ball Z and Terry Bogard . + += = = Dylan Dog (character) = = = +Dylan Dog is a fictional character from the "Dylan Dog". He was created by Tiziano Sclavi and designed by Claudio Villa in 1986 for Sergio Bonelli Editore. + += = = Bruno Munari = = = +Bruno Munari (October 24, 1907 in Milan – September 30, 1998 in Milan) was an Italian artist, designer, and inventor. He contributed fundamentals to many fields of visual arts (painting, sculpture, movie, industrial design, graphic design) in modernism, futurism, and concrete art, and in non visual arts (literature, poetry) with his research on games, didactic method, movement, tactile learning, kinesthetic learning, and creativity. + += = = Francesco Pannofino = = = +Francesco Pannofino (born November 14, 1958) is an Italian actor and voice actor. + += = = Emir Abdelkader = = = +Abdelkader ibn Muhieddine (6 September 1808 – 26 May 1883; '), known as the Emir Abdelkader or Abdelkader El Djezairi, was an Algerian religious and military leader who led a struggle against the French colonial invasion in the mid-19th century. +Early life. +In his childhood, he learned and memorized the Holy Quran and studied linguistics. +When Algeria was invaded by France in 1830, he began a rebellion against the French for a decade until 1842 with a number of tribes. +In 1837, he signed the Treaty of Tafna with Marshall Bugeaud. But King Louis-Philippe broke the treaty two years later, leading Emir to declare against Jihad on October 15, 1839. In 1847, he was exiled to France from 1847 to October 1852. When he was released by Napoleon III, Emir then took up his residence in Damascus. In July 1860, he ceased a conflict between Muslims and Christians. While he was in Damascus, he wrote books and composed poesy. +Emir Abdelkader died on the May 26, 1883 and was buried in Damascus. On July 5, 1966, the Algerian government brought his remains back to Algeria to be interred on the occasion of the fourth anniversary of independence and the 136th anniversary of the French conquest. A mosque bearing his name has been constructed as a national shrine in Constantine. He is seen by the Algerians as their national hero. + += = = Iranian Space Agency = = = +The Iranian Space Agency (abbreviated as ISA) is the national space agency of Iran. It was founded in 2004 and it is based in Tehran. +Iran became an orbital-launch-capable country in 2009. +Iran had become one of the 24 founding members of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, which was set up in 1958. + += = = Kerbal Space Program = = = +Kerbal Space Program (abbreviated as KSP) is a 3D space flight simulator video game. It is developed by a Mexican company called Squad. It is based on real life physics. The characters in the game are called “Kerbals” which are astronauts. KSP is available for PlayStation, Xbox and Microsoft Windows platforms. + += = = Devilman = = = +Devilman (Debiruman) is a manga created by Go Nagai in 1972. Its success led to a series of Anime and spin-off as Devilman Crybaby in 2018. + += = = Steel Jeeg = = = +Steel Jeeg (Kotetsu Jeegu ?) is a manga series created in 1975 by Go Nagai and drawn by Tatsuya Yasuda. After the manga was published an anime series was released in the same year. + += = = Nessma El Jadida = = = +Nessma TV (, translation: Breeze channel) is a television channel from Tunisia. It is available in Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria, Libya and Mauritania. Mediaset owns 25% of it. All programs broadcast on the channel have subtitles in French or Maghrebi Arabic. It broadcasts such programs as the Maghreb version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?, which is called Man sa yarbah al malyoon. +The TV channel was launched on March 16, 2007, by Nabil karoui and Ghazi Karoui in partnership with Tarak Ben Ammar and Silvio Berlusconi. It was created it as a subsidiary of Karoui & Karoui World Group. +On March 11, 2022 it was inaugurated on the Iraqi satellite Shabab Sat on , Nessma TV has made an agreement between Family TV, and is continuing. + += = = Yukichi Chuganji = = = +Yukichi Chuganji (��� ��; "Chūganji Yūkichi", 23 March 1889 - 28 September 2003) was a Japanese supercentenarian and at the time of his death at age 114 years, 189 days, the oldest living person. However, he was only verified as the oldest living man, as the oldest living person was believed to be Kamato Hongo, who died of pneumonia just 33 days later at the claimed age of 116 years, 45 days (which, however, later became disputed as she was most likely born at least four years later than claimed). +Biography. +Chuganji, born in Fukuoka Prefecture on 23 March 1889, graduated from a technical school in the early 1900s and worked as a silkworm breeder, instructor in the agricultural specialty, as a bank employee, and community welfare officer. He had 4 sons and one daughter, who was 74 years old at the time of his death and his only living child, 7 grandchildren and 12 great-grandchildren. He did not like to eat vegetables but liked beef, pork and chicken, and daily ate toffee and drank a glass of milk and the occasional apple juice and only drank alcohol in moderation, which he believed as the secrets to a long life. During the last years of his life, he had failing eye sight and was bedridden. +Chuganji became the oldest living Japanese man after Sadayoshi Tanabe's death on 18 January 2000. +On 23 March 2003, Chuganji became the first Japanese man, and only the second man in the world after 115-year-old Christian Mortensen who died almost 5 years earlier, to become at least 114 years old (although the claimed 120-year-old Shigechiyo Izumi was still believed to have been older, and Denzo Ishizaki who died a year after Christian Mortensen at age 112 years, 191 days claimed to have been two years older). +On the evening of Sunday 28 September 2003, after being served a glass of apple juice by his daughter, Chuganji died of natural causes at age 114 years, 189 days and was the oldest Japanese man ever, though until 25 October 2011 when his record was broken by Jiroemon Kimura. +Chuganji was succeeded as the oldest living person by Mitoyo Kawate of Hiroshima and as the oldest living man by Spaniard Joan Riudavets. + += = = June Bacon-Bercey = = = +June Esther Bacon-Bercey ("née" Griffin, October 23, 1928 – July 3, 2019) was an American international expert on weather and aviation. She worked for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Weather Service and the Atomic Energy Commission. +She was believed to be the first African-American woman to gain a degree in meteorology and was confirmed to be the first African-American woman to be a televised meteorologist. +Bacon-Bercey died under hospice care in Burlingame, California from frontotemporal dementia on July 3, 2019 at the age of 90. + += = = President of Nicaragua = = = +The President of Nicaragua () officially known as the President of the Republic of Nicaragua () is the head of state of Nicaragua. The office was created in the Constitution of 1854. From 1825 until the Constitution of 1838, the head of state of Nicaragua was known simply as Head of State ("Jefe de Estado"). + += = = Henry Gray (musician) = = = +Henry Gray (January 19, 1925 – February 17, 2020) was an African-American blues pianist and singer. He was born in Kenner, Louisiana. His career began in the 1930s and had performed with many artists, including Robert Lockwood Jr., Billy Boy Arnold, the Rolling Stones, Muddy Waters and Howlin' Wolf. He created more than 50 albums. He was known for the creation of the distinctive sound of the Chicago blues piano. +In 2017, Gray was added in to the Blues Hall of Fame. +On October 10, 2019, it was confirmed by Gray's family that he had entered hospice care in Baton Rouge. Gray died at the age of 95 on February 17, 2020. + += = = Billy Boy Arnold = = = +William "Billy Boy" Arnold (born September 16, 1935) is an American blues harmonica player and singer-songwriter. +In the early 1950s, he joined forces with street musician Bo Diddley and played harmonica on the March 2, 1955 recording of the Bo Diddley song "I'm a Man" released by Checker Records. +Arnold signed a solo recording contract with Vee-Jay Records, recording the originals of "I Wish You Would" and "I Ain’t Got You". + += = = Robert Lockwood Jr. = = = +Robert Lockwood Jr. (March 27, 1915 – November 21, 2006) was an American Delta blues guitarist. He recorded for Chess Records and other Chicago labels in the 1950s and 1960s. He was the only guitarist to have learned to play directly from Robert Johnson. +Lockwood is known for his longtime works with Sonny Boy Williamson II and for his work in the mid-1950s with Little Walter. +He was honored with the National Heritage Fellowship awarded by the National Endowment for the Arts, which is the highest honor in the folk and traditional arts in the United States in 1995. +Lockwood died at the age of 91 in Cleveland from a cerebral aneurysm caused by a stroke on November 21, 2006. + += = = Turkey Scratch, Arkansas = = = +Turkey Scratch is an unincorporated community within Phillips County, Arkansas, United States. + += = = Coventry University = = = +Coventry University is a university in Coventry, England. It was known as Lanchester Polytechnic until 1987. From 1987 it was known as Coventry Polytechnic. It became a university in 1992. +History. +Coventry School of Design was created in 1843. It was renamed Coventry School of Art. Then it was renamed Coventry Municipal Art School in 1902. another name change took place in the 1950s. It became known as Coventry College of Art. +Lanchester College of Technology opened in 1961. It was named after the engineer Frederick Lanchester. +In 1970, three organisations were merged. These were Lanchester College of Technology, Coventry College of Art, and Rugby College of Engineering Technology. The new organisation was called Lanchester Polytechnic. +In 2010, the university opened a campus in London. This was done to attract more international students. +In July 2017, the university announced Margaret Casely-Hayford as its new chancellor. She replaced Sir John Egan. +Organisation. +Management. +The "Chancellor" is the formal head of the university. This is a mostly ceremonial role. The current chancellor is Margaret Casely-Hayford. The Chancellor is appointed by the university's Board of Governors. The Chancellor is supported by six Pro-Chancellors. The Chancellor and Pro-Chancellors are appointed for a five year period. The Chancellor can serve for several of those periods. Pro-Chancellors are limited to two periods. The day-to-day management of the university is by the Vice-Chancellor. There are also four Deputy Vice-Chancellors and three Pro Vice-Chancellors. The is Vice-Chancellor John Latham. He has been Vice-Chancellor since March 2014. +Faculties and schools. +Coventry is divided into four faculties. Each faculty is divided into different schools: +Faculty of Arts and Humanities +Faculty of Business and Law +Faculty of Engineering, Environment and Computing +Faculty of Health and Life Sciences +Notable people. +Principals (Polytechnic). +The head of the polytechnic was titled "Principal", and later "Director": +Alumni. +Notable students of Coventry University (and its previous incarnations Lanchester Polytechnic and Coventry Polytechnic) include: + += = = Wikimedian in Residence = = = +A Wikimedian in Residence is somebody who works with an organisation. They can also be known as a Wikipedian in Residence. The name is also shortened to WiR. +They help the people at the host organisation to understand Wikipedia. They also help them to understand Wikipedia's sister projects. The sister projects include Wikimedia Commons, Wikidata and Wikisource. Usually, WiR do not write about the organisation where they work. Instead, they help experts at their organisation to write about the things they know. +WiRs work with different types of organisations. These are most often GLAMs (Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums). Some residents work in educational institutions such as universities. Sometimes they work across several organizations. If they do, then they can be called a "Wikimedian at Large". one worked across New Zealand. Some WiRs are paid by the organization where they work. Or they can be paid by a Wikimedia-related organization. Some are volunteers. +History. +The first WiR was at the British Museum. That was in 2010. +By 2016, more than 100 people had been a WiRs. By 2020 there were more than 220. + += = = Richard Askey = = = +Richard Allen Askey (June 4, 1933 – October 9, 2019) was an American mathematician. He was known for his expertise in the area of special functions. The Askey–Gasper inequality for Jacobi polynomials is essential in de Brange's famous proof of the Bieberbach conjecture. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1993. +In 1999 he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. + += = = Beppe Bigazzi = = = +Giuseppe Bigazzi (Terranuova Bracciolini, 20 January 1933 – Arezzo, 7 October 2019) was an Italian executive, journalist, television presenter and writer. He was a television presenter for the RAI show "La prova del cuoco". + += = = Jeffrey Wright = = = +Jeffrey Wright (born December 7, 1965) is an American actor. He is best known for his Tony- and Emmy-winning role as Belize in the Broadway production and HBO miniseries "Angels in America". He is also known for his roles as Felix Leiter in the "James Bond" movies "Casino Royale", "Quantum of Solace" and "No Time to Die", Narcisse in the HBO series "Boardwalk Empire", and Beetee in "The Hunger Games" movies. He also played Commissioner James Gordon in the 2022 movie "The Batman". + += = = Lorand Gaspar = = = +Lorand Gaspar (28 February 1925 – 9 October 2019) was a Hungarian–born French poet. He was born in Târgu Mureș, Hungary. He published his first verse collection in 1966, "Le Quatrième État de la matière" (Flammarion) and published a number of prose works and travel books as a photographer. +Gaspar died on 9 October 2019 in Paris at the age of 94. + += = = Filippo Penati = = = +Filippo Luigi Penati (30 December 1952 – 9 October 2019) was an Italian politician. He was born in Monza. He was mayor of Sesto San Giovanni between 1994 and 2001 and president of the Province of Milan between 2004 and 2009. He died in Sesto San Giovanni, aged 66. + += = = Richard Jeranian = = = +Richard Jeranian () 17 July 1921 – 10 October 2019) was an Armenian painter, draftsman and lithographer active in France. +His works were figurative, surrealist, cubist or abstract periods covering the themes of music, woman and Armenia through figures, landscapes, genre scenes or still lifes in oil and ink. +Jeranian died on 10 October 2019 at the age of 98. + += = = Tarek Kamel = = = +Tarek Kamel (8 May 1962 – 10 October 2019) was an Egyptian politician and computer engineer. He was Minister of Communications and Information Technology from 2004 through 2011. +Kamel died on 10 October 2019 in Cairo at the age of 57. + += = = Juliette Kaplan = = = +Marlene Juliette Kaplan (2 October 1939 – 10 October 2019) was a British actress. She was most famous for playing the role of battle-axe Pearl Sibshaw in the BBC comedy "Last of the Summer Wine", from 1985 to 2010. +Kaplan died of cancer of unknown primary origin on 10 October 2019, aged 80. + += = = Marie-José Nat = = = +Marie-José Benhalassa (22 April 1940 – 10 October 2019), known professionally as Marie-José Nat, was a French actress. Her best known roles were in ' and ' (1963), directed by André Cayatte. In 1974, she received a Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actress for her performance in the movie "Violins at the Ball". +Nat died of cancer in Paris on 10 October 2019 at the age of 79. + += = = Carlo Croccolo = = = +Carlo Croccolo (9 April 1927 – 12 October 2019) was an Italian actor, director and screenwriter. He appeared in more than 100 movies since 1949. His debut came in the 1949 movie "The Firemen of Viggiù". +Croccolo died of pneumonia in Naples on 12 October 2019 at the age of 92. + += = = Yoshihisa Yoshikawa = = = +Yoshihisa Yoshikawa (�� ��, September 4, 1936 – October 12, 2019) was a Japanese shooter. He competed at the 1960, 1964, 1968 and 1972 Olympics in the 50 m pistol event. He won bronze medals in 1960 and 1964. + += = = Angelique Rockas = = = +Angelique Rockas (born in Boksburg, South Africa) is an actress, producer and activist. Rockas founded Internationalist Theatre in the UK with patron Athol Fugard. The company featured multi-racial and multi-national productions of great European classics starting in 1981. "a historic example of theatre work addressing representation in the most valuable manner" As an actress Rockas played roles that challenged casting cliches. +Career. +Stage. +"Rockas attracted admiration as an actress for her strong interpretation of roles".:Medea (play) with Theatro Technis 'Miss Julie' with her own company Internationalist Theatre. Other key performances are: Emma in The Camp by Griselda Gambaro and Annabella in 'Tis Pity She`s a Whore' which was also Rockas`s first theatre production under the banner of 'New Theatre' directed by Declan Donnellan ,and now listed as one of the major productions of Tis Pity for the decade of the 1980`s in the 20th century +Further stage roles include Carmen in 'The Balcony' , Yvette in 'Mother Courage ' ,Miriam in 'In the Bar of a Tokyo Hotel' , Lady Macbeth , Tatiana in Gorky`s 'Enemies'. +Work at London`s Theatro Technis under the name of Angeliki : Io in 'Prometheus Bound', Myrrhine in 'Lysistrata', Paphlagoonia in the adaptation of Aristophanes 'The Knights' 'Oh Democracy', 'Dowry with 2 White Doves', and Kyproula in 'The National Engagement', all directed by George Eugeniou. +Film and Television. +She played Ms Ortiki in Thodoros Maragos TV Film 'Emmones Idees' on Greek television ERT. +Films: +Prelude. +As stated in the British Library archives Rockas first production was Ford`s `Tis Pity She`s a Whore ` under the name of New Theatre in 1980 and was a prelude to her creating Internationalist Theatre. Declan Donnellan was commissioned to direct the play. "it is something of a triumph. Naked passion is as raw under a three piece suit as draped in Renaissance brocades". She herself portrayed Annabella as a sinister teenager and not the compliant passive beauty. Various accents from a Scottish, American and South African cast mixed seamlessly in this production as a start to the challenge of contemporary theatre mores +Productions of Internationalist Theatre. +The company was first named New Internationalist Theatre then changed to Internationalist Theatre +", , whose attack on the practice of war could not— with South Atlantic news filling the front pages— have been more topical.." "The cast ..is made of experienced actors from all over the world and perhaps their very cosmopolitanism helps to bring new textures to a familiar dish ." Breaking racial casting barriers: Why is a Pakistani actor playing the role of the Pastor ? was the question posed by Time Out Magazine critic Malcolm Hay +Personal life. +Rockas is a Greek Orthodox Christian. She continues her activism on several internet websites where she counteracts attacks on Christianity, offers free online education material , defends womens`, Palestinian and Greek rights + += = = Denis O'Hare = = = +Denis Patrick Seamus O'Hare (born January 17, 1962) is an American actor. He plays Russell Edgington on HBO's fantasy series "True Blood". He is known for his multiple roles on "American Horror Story". + += = = Steve Zahn = = = +Steven James Zahn (; born November 13, 1967) is an American actor and comedian. His movies include "Reality Bites" (1994), "That Thing You Do!" (1996), "SubUrbia" (1996), "Out of Sight" (1998), "Happy, Texas" (1999), "Riding in Cars with Boys" (2001), "Shattered Glass" (2003), "Sahara" (2005), "Rescue Dawn" (2007), the first three "Diary of a Wimpy Kid" movies, "Dallas Buyers Club" (2013), and "War for the Planet of the Apes" (2017). + += = = Marshall, Minnesota = = = +Marshall is a city in Lyon County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 13,628 at the 2020 census. Marshall is a regional center in southwest Minnesota, and the county seat of Lyon County. + += = = Ron Woodroof = = = +Ronald Dickson Woodroof (February 3, 1950 – September 12, 1992) was an American activist and businessman who created what would become known as the Dallas Buyer's Club in March 1988. He was born in Dallas, Texas. After being diagnosed with HIV in 1985, he created the group as part of his efforts to find and sell drugs to treat HIV at a time when the disease was poorly understood. +He sued the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) over a ban on peptide T, a drug he was using. Woodroof's final years became the plot of the 2013 movie "Dallas Buyers Club" where Matthew McConaughey played Woodroof. +Woodroof died on September 12, 1992 from pneumonia brought on by AIDS in Dallas at the age of 42. + += = = Paolo Bonaiuti = = = +Paolo Bonaiuti (7 July 1940 – 16 October 2019) was an Italian politician and journalist. He was born in Florence. Bonaiuti worked for "Il Giorno". He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1996 to 2013 and Senate from 2013 to 2018. +Bonaiuti died on 16 October 2019 in Rome after a long-illness at the age of 79. + += = = Chamber of Deputies (Italy) = = = +The Chamber of Deputies () is a house of the bicameral Parliament of Italy (the other being the Senate of the Republic). The two houses together form a perfect bicameral system, meaning they perform identical functions, but do so separately. + += = = Toney Anaya = = = +Toney Anaya (born April 29, 1941) is an American Democratic politician. He was the 26th Governor of New Mexico from 1983 to 1987. + += = = Moriarty, New Mexico = = = +Moriarty is a city in Torrance County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 1,946 at the 2020 Census. It is part of the Albuquerque Metropolitan Statistical Area. +Moriarty is located at (34.999815, -106.046667). + += = = Garrey Carruthers = = = +Garrey Edward Carruthers (born August 29, 1939) is an American politician. He was the 27th Governor of New Mexico from 1987 through 1991. +He was special assistant to the United States Secretary of Agriculture from 1974 to 1975, director of the New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute at NMSU, state chair of the Republican Party of New Mexico from 1977 to 1979, and assistant Secretary of the Interior for land and resources from 1981 to 1984. + += = = Senate of the Republic (Italy) = = = +The Senate of the Republic () or Senate () is a house of the bicameral Italian Parliament (the other being the Chamber of Deputies). The two houses together form a perfect bicameral system, meaning they perform identical functions, but do so separately. It was created in its current form on 8 May 1948, but existed during the Kingdom of Italy as (Senate of the Kingdom), itself a continuation of the (Subalpine Senate) of Sardinia created on 8 May 1848. +Members of the Senate are styled "Senator" or "The Honourable Senator" () and they meet at Palazzo Madama, Rome. + += = = Wellington Webb = = = +Wellington E. Webb (born February 17, 1941) is an American politician. He was in the Colorado House of Representatives and was the first African American mayor of Denver, Colorado, from 1991 to 2003. + += = = Michael Hancock (politician) = = = +Michael B. Hancock (born July 29, 1969) is an American businessman, author and politician. He was the 45th mayor of Denver, Colorado. He was easily reelected with no significant opposition in 2015. + += = = James F. Conway = = = +James F. Conway (born June 27, 1932) is an American businessman and Democratic politician. He was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He was elected as the 41st Mayor of the city. He served from 1977 to 1981. + += = = Francis Slay = = = +Francis Gerard Slay (born March 18, 1955) is an American politician and lawyer. He was the 45th Mayor of St. Louis, Missouri from 2001 to 2017. Slay is the longest-serving mayor in St. Louis history. His fourth term started in April 2013. He announced on April 8, 2016 that he would not seek another term as mayor. He is registered in the Democratic Party. + += = = Lyda Krewson = = = +Lyda Krewson (born November 14, 1953) is an American Democratic politician. She was the 46th Mayor of St. Louis, Missouri from 2017 until 2021. From 1997 and 2017, she was the alderman of St. Louis's 28th ward. She was the first female mayor of St. Louis. + += = = Hossein Dehlavi = = = +Hossein Dehlavi () (September 30, 1927 – October 15, 2019) was a Persian composer. He was born in Tehran. For ten years, Dehlavi was the director of and professor at the Persian National Music Conservatory in Tehran. In 1979, he wrote an opera for children called "Mana and Mani". +On October 15, 2019, Dehlavi died at his home in Tehran from Alzheimer’s disease-related problems at the age of 92. + += = = Cacho Castaña = = = +Humberto Vicente Castagna (June 11, 1942 – October 15, 2019), better known as Cacho Castaña, was an Argentine singer-songwriter, composer and actor. He was born in Buenos Aires. He was known for his role in the 2000 movie "Merry Christmas". His best known composition works were "Los Hijos de López" and "El Cabo Tijereta". +Castaña died of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related problems on October 15, 2019 in Buenos Aires at the age of 77. + += = = Tamara Buciuceanu = = = +Tamara Buciuceanu-Botez, (August 10, 1929 – October 15, 2019) was a Romanian actress. She was one of the most successful Romanian actresses of the 1960s–2000s who worked at Odeon Theatre. She was known for "Liceenii" (1986), (1992), "Silent Wedding" (2008) and "Everybody in Our Family" (2012). Buciuceanu was born in Tighina, Moldova, Romania. +Buciuceanu died of cardiovascular disease at a Bucharest hospital on October 15, 2019 at the age of 90. + += = = Ruben Salazar = = = +Ruben Salazar (March 3, 1928 – August 29, 1970) was a Mexican-American civil rights activist and a reporter for the "Los Angeles Times". He was the first Mexican-American journalist from mainstream media to cover the Chicano community. He was born in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico. +Salazar was killed, aged 42, on August 29, 1970, in Los Angeles, California after he was hit by a tear-gas projectile fired by a Los Angeles County Sheriff's deputy. No criminal charge was filed, but Salazar's family reached an out-of-court financial settlement with the county. + += = = Ivory (color) = = = +Ivory is a color that is mostly white, but with a small amount of yellow. It looks like ivory, the material from which the teeth and tusks of animals (such as, notably, the elephant and the walrus) is made. It has a very slight tint of yellow. + += = = Doc Rivers = = = +Doc Rivers is an American professional basketball coach and former player. He has coached for the Orlando Magic, Boston Celtics, Los Angeles Clippers, and the Philadelphia 76ers. As a player, he played for the Atlanta Hawks, Los Angeles Clippers, New York Knicks, and the San Antonio Spurs. +On May 16, 2023, the 76ers fired Rivers. + += = = Whirlwind = = = +A whirlwind is a vortex of wind (a straight rotating column of air) that forms because of turbulence created by heating and flow (current) differences. Whirlwinds happen all over the world and in any season. + += = = US Ben Guerdane = = = +Union Sportive de Ben Guerdane () or USBG , is a Tunisian football club, based in the city of Ben Guerdane in southeast Tunisia. Founded in 17 July 1936, the team plays in yellow and black colors. Their ground is Stade du 7 Mars, which has a capacity of 10,000. +He managed to reach for the first time in its history in Tunisian Professional League 1 during the season 2015. The club is chaired in 2016 by Mehdi Dbouba with which the team took a new dimension both on the national and continental level. + += = = Green Eyes (song) = = = +Green Eyes is a popular song. It was originally written in Spanish under the title Aquellos Ojos Verdes ("Those Green Eyes") by Adolfo Utrera and Nilo Menéndez, 1929. The English translation was made by Eddie Rivera and Eddie Woods in 1931. +The song was a bolero, written in 1929 and recorded in Cuba the same year. The English version of the song, written in 1931, became a major hit ten years later when recorded by the Jimmy Dorsey orchestra. On 78 rpm records, "Green eyes" was backed by "Maria Elena", which was also a hit.The record first reached the "Billboard" charts on May 9, 1941 and lasted 21 weeks on the chart, peaking at #1. Both numbers have been covered many times, especially in Latin music circles. + += = = Fix You = = = +"Fix You" is a song by the English band Coldplay. + += = = English-speaking world = = = +Over two billion people speak English. It is the largest language by number of speakers. It is the fourth largest language by number of native speakers. English is the most widely spoken second language. +Overview. +The United States of America is the largest English-speaking country, with 300 million native speakers. There are 60 million native speakers in the United Kingdom, 29 million in Canada, 25.1 million in Australia, 4.7 million in the Republic of Ireland, and 4.9 million in New Zealand. +In the European Union, English is one of 24 official languages and is widely used by institutions, and by almost all of the population as the native language in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It is a second language in other member states. +Estimates that include second language speakers vary greatly, from 470 million to more than 2 billion. David Crystal calculates that, as of 2003, non-native speakers outnumbered native speakers by a ratio of 3 to 1.p69 When combining native and non-native speakers, English is the most widely spoken language worldwide. +Besides the main dialects of English, countries such as South Africa, India, Nigeria, the Philippines, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago have millions of native speakers of dialect continua. These versions range from English-based creole languages to Standard English. Other countries such as Ghana and Uganda also use English as their primary official languages. +India now claims to be the world's second-largest English-speaking country. The most reliable estimate is about 10% of its population or 125 million people, second only to the US. It may be four times larger in the next decade from 2012. +Countries by English-speaking percentage. +Below is a list of some countries by the rank proficiency in English (listed alphabetically), according to the English Proficiency Index. + += = = Janaki Mandir = = = +Janaki Mandir () is a Hindu temple in Janakpur. This temple is dedicated to the Hindu goddess Sita. It is widely known as the Nau Lakha Mandir (meaning "nine lakhs"). It was built by the Queen Vrisha Bhanu of Tikamgarh. + += = = Alpha Persei Cluster = = = +The Alpha Persei Cluster (also known as Melotte 20 or Collinder 39) is an open cluster in the constellation of Perseus. +To the naked eye, the cluster has several blue spectral type B type stars. The most luminous member is the ~2nd magnitude white-yellow supergiant Mirfak, also known as Alpha Persei. Bright members also include Delta, Sigma, Psi, 29, 30, 34 and 48 Persei. The Hipparcos satellite and infrared color-magnitude diagram fitting show the cluster as about ~172 parsecs away from us. +Since the distance by the independent analyses agree, the cluster is an important rung on the cosmic distance ladder. The age of this cluster is about 5070 million years. + += = = Gould Belt = = = +The Gould Belt is a partial ring of stars local to us in the Milky Way. It is about 3000 light years across, tilted from the galactic plane by 16 to 20 degrees. It has many large and bright O- and B-type stars. +The belt may be the local spiral arm to which the Sun belongs. At present the Sun is about 325 light years from the arm's centre. The belt is thought to be from 30 to 50 million years old, and of unknown origin. Benjamin Gould identified it in 1879. +The belt contains bright stars in many constellations including (in order going more or less eastward) Cepheus, Lacerta, Perseus, Orion, Canis Major, Puppis, Vela, Carina, Crux (the Southern Cross), Centaurus, Lupus, and Scorpius (including the Scorpius-Centaurus Association). +Overview. +Star-forming regions with bright O and B stars make up the Gould Belt. These regions include the Orion Nebula and the Orion molecular clouds, the Scorpius-Centaurus OB Association, Cepheus OB2, Perseus OB2, and the Taurus-Auriga Molecular Clouds. +A theory proposed around 2009 suggests that the Gould Belt formed about 30 million years ago when a blob of dark matter collided with the molecular cloud in our region. There is also evidence for similar Gould belts in other galaxies. + += = = Drosophila subobscura = = = +Drosophila subobscura is a species of fruit fly in the family Drosophilidae. +It was originally found around the Mediterranean, but it has spread to most of Europe and the Near East. It has been introduced into the west coasts of Canada, the United States, and Chile. + This species is in the "Sophophora" subgenus. +Study organism for evolutionary biology. +In 1933, A.H. Sturtevant captured a species of Drosophila in England. It was a member of "Drosophila subobscura". +"D. subobscura", with others in its species group, is a model organism for evolutionary-biological studies. Its genetics and ecology have been studied for over fifty years. +They have served as favourable models ever since Dobzhansky and his colleagues published their influential works in the 1930s and 40s. +Their use as a regular laboratory fly was promoted by J.B.S. Haldane and John Maynard Smith at University College London over a period of about 30 years. There it was used for research into population genetics, and for teaching genetics. For many years this species was the European "rival" to the "D. pseudoobscura" favoured by the group in California led by Dobzhansky. + += = = Elijah Cummings = = = +Elijah Eugene Cummings (January 18, 1951 – October 17, 2019) was an American politician and civil rights activist. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for from 1996 until his death in 2019. Before, he was in the Maryland House of Delegates. He was a member of the Democratic Party and chair of the Committee on Oversight and Reform. +Cummings had surgery to fix his aortic valve in May 2017 and two months later he developed a surgery-related infection. Cummings was later hospitalized for a knee infection. +On October 17, 2019, Cummings died at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland at the age of 68. + += = = Morton Mandel = = = +Morton Leon Mandel (September 19, 1921 – October 16, 2019) was an American business magnate, entrepreneur, and philanthropist. He founded the Premier Automotive Supply Company in 1940. It later became one of the world's leading industrial parts and electronic distributors. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio. +Mandel died on October 16, 2019 in Florida at the age of 98. + += = = Francisco Guterres = = = +Francisco Guterres, popularly known as Lú-Olo (born 7 September 1954) is an East Timorese politician. He was the 6th President of East Timor from 2017 to 2022. He lost re-election to former President José Ramos-Horta in 2022. + += = = President of East Timor = = = +The President of East Timor, officially the President of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste (, ), is the head of state in East Timor. +The president is elected by popular vote for a five-year term. Their powers are somewhat limited, though they are able to veto legislation. Following elections, the president usually appoints as the prime minister, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition. + += = = Vicente Guterres = = = +Vicente da Silva Guterres (born 22 January 1956) is an East Timorese politician. He is a member of the National Parliament of East Timor and its Vice-President since 2007. +He was elected President of the National Parliament without opposition in July 2012. + += = = Francisco Xavier do Amaral = = = +Francisco Xavier do Amaral (3 December 1937 – 6 March 2012) was an East Timorese politician. Amaral was sworn in as the first President of East Timor when the country, then a Portuguese colony, made a unilateral declaration of independence on 28 November 1975. +He was a member of the National Parliament for the Timorese Social Democratic Association from 2001 until his death. + += = = Nicolau dos Reis Lobato = = = +Nicolau dos Reis Lobato (24 May 1946 – 31 December 1978) was an East-Timorese politician and national hero. +Lobato was the 1st Prime Minister of East Timor from 28 November to 7 December 1975. +On 31 December 1978, Lobato was ambushed by Indonesian special forces and was killed after being shot in the stomach. + += = = Prime Minister of East Timor = = = +The Prime Minister of Timor-Leste (, ) is the head of government in East Timor. The President is the head of state and appoints the Prime Minister. + += = = Rui Maria de Araújo = = = +Rui Maria de Araújo (born 21 May 1964) is an East Timorese politician. He was the Prime Minister of East Timor from 2015 to 2017. He is a member of Fretilin. +He was Minister of Health from 2001 to 2006 and Deputy Prime Minister from 2006 to 2007. + += = = Mari Alkatiri = = = +Mari bin Amude Alkatiri, GCIH ( "") (born 26 November 1949) is a Timorese politician. He was Prime Minister of East Timor from May 2002 until his resignation on 26 June 2006 and again from September 2017 until May 2018. He is the Secretary-General of the Fretilin party, as well as President of the Special Administrative Region of Oecusse. + += = = Estanislau da Silva = = = +Estanislau da Conceição Aleixo Maria da Silva (born 4 August 1952) is an East Timorese politician. He was a key member of the Fretilin. He was the 4th Prime Minister from May 2007 to August 2007. +He was re-elected to a seat in parliament in the June 2007 parliamentary election as the ninth name on Fretilin's candidate list. + += = = Baby Saroja = = = +Saroja Ramamrutham (Tamil: ����� �����������, 28 January 1931 – 14 October 2019), better known by her screen name Baby Saroja, was an Indian actress. She was known for her roles as a child actor in Tamil movies of the late 1930s. She was known as the "Shirley Temple of India" due to her popularity. Her best known roles were "Balayogini" (1937), "Thyagabhoomi" (1939) and "Kamadhenu" (1941). +Saroja died on 14 October 2019 at her Chennai home at the age of 88. + += = = Anke Fuchs = = = +Anke Fuchs (5 July 1937 – 14 October 2019) was a German lawyer and politician. She was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. She was Federal Minister for Youth, Family and Health in 1982 and as Vice President of the Bundestag from 1998 through 2002. From 2003 until 2010, she was the President of the Friedrich Ebert Foundation. Fuchs was born in Hamburg. +Fuchs died on 14 October 2019 Wilhelmshaven, Germany at the age of 82. + += = = Khenpo Karthar Rinpoche = = = +Khenpo Karma Tharchin Rinpoche (3 April 1924 – 6 October 2019), widely known Khenpo Karthar Rinpoche, was a senior lama of the Karma Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. He was abbot of Karma Triyana Dharmachakra (KTD) Monastery in Woodstock, New York from 1976 until his death in 2019. He was born in Kham, Tibet. +Rinpoche died at his home in Woodstock on 6 October 2019 at the age of 95. + += = = Louis Frey Jr. = = = +Louis Frey Jr. (January 11, 1934 – October 14, 2019) was an American politician and radio personality. He was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1969 until 1979. He represented Florida's 5th district from 1969 to 1973 and the 9th district from 1973 to 1979. He ran unsuccessfully in 1978 for the Republican nomination for governor. +Frey died under hospice care in Winter Park, Florida from dementia-related problems on October 14, 2019 at the age of 85. + += = = Rutherford, New Jersey = = = +Rutherford is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the borough's population was 18,834. + += = = Don Fuqua = = = +John Donald Fuqua (born August 20, 1933) is an American Democratic politician. He was born in Jacksonville, Florida. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Florida's 9th district from 1963 through 1967 and 2nd district from 1967 through 1987. + += = = Bill Gunter = = = +William Dawson "Bill" Gunter Jr. (born July 16, 1934) is an American politician. He was born in Jacksonville, Florida. Gunter was a member of the Democratic Party. Gunter represented Florida in the United States House of Representatives from the 5th district from 1973 through 1975. +From 1976 through 1989, Gunter was Treasurer, Insurance Commissioner, and Fire Marshal of Florida. He unsuccessfully ran for the Democratic rally for the United States Senate three times, all were failed candidacies. + += = = Bohdan Butenko = = = +Bohdan Butenko (8 February 1931 – 14 October 2019) was a Polish cartoonist, illustrator, comic book writer and artist, as well as puppet designer. He was born in Bydgoszcz, Poland. +His known works include the comic series "Kwapiszon", "Gapiszon" cartoons, as well as "Gucio i Cezar" comics (written by Krystyna Boglar). He published his cartoons in numerous children's magazines, such as "Płomyk", "Płomyczek", "Miś", "Świerszczyk", as well as the magazines "Szpilki" and "Przekrój", and illustrated many children's books. +Butenko died in Warsaw on 14 October 2019 at the age of 88. + += = = Richard Huckle = = = +Richard William Huckle (14 May 1986 – 13 October 2019) was a convicted British serial sex offender. He was arrested by Britain's National Crime Agency and convicted of 71 counts of serious sexual assaults against children while posing as a teacher, photographer and devout Christian in Malaysia. He was born in Ashford, Kent. +Huckle was seen as one of Britain's worst ever paedophiles, despite being only 28 years old at the time of his arrest. On 6 June 2016, he was given 22 life sentences with a minimum prison term of 25 years before being eligible to apply for parole. +On 13 October 2019, Huckle was stabbed to death in his cell at HMP Full Sutton in East Riding of Yorkshire at the age of 33. + += = = Charles Jencks = = = +Charles Alexander Jencks (21 June 1939 – 13 October 2019) was an American cultural theorist, landscape designer and architectural historian. He was the co-founder of the Maggie’s Cancer Care Centres. He published over thirty books and became famous in the 1980s as theorist of Postmodernism. His works include "Garden of Cosmic Speculation" and earthworks at Jupiter Artland outside Edinburgh. His continuing project "Crawick Multiverse", commissioned by the Duke of Buccleuch, opened in 2015 near Sanquhar. +Jencks was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He died at the age of 80 on 13 October 2019 in London of cancer. + += = = Adolfo Mexiac = = = +Adolfo Mexiac (August 7, 1927 – October 13, 2019) was a Mexican graphic artist. He was known for his politically and socially themed work, especially with the Taller de Gráfica Popular. He also painted several murals, the most important of which deals with the history of human law at the University of Colima. +In 2011, a “national homage” was held for the artist at the Museo de la Estampa in Mexico City. He was born in Cuto de la Esperanza, Michoacán. +Mexiac died on October 13, 2019 in Mexico City at the age of 92. + += = = Bergamot essential oil = = = +Bergamot essential oil is an essential oil produced by cells inside the rind (peel) of a bergamot orange fruit. +The oil is a common scent in perfumes. It is used in Earl Grey tea blends as flavoring. The scent of bergamot essential oil is similar to a sweet light orange peel oil with a floral note. + += = = Serbo-Croatian = = = +Serbo-Croatian is the name of a South Slavic language, which is spoken in modern-day Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro. After the breakup of Yugoslavia, it has been divided into four variants. The variants of this language are all based on a single dialect, Shtokavian. Speakers of these variants all understand each other. +History. +Between 1954 and 1992, it was one of the official languages of Yugoslavia (the others were Slovenian and Macedonian). The term Serbo-Croatian was first used in the 1830s. Today, people often speak about Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian and Montenegrin languages. Research has also shown that what is called Serbo-Croatian language, is in fact a number of slightly different sub-dialects. People speaking one of the dialects easily understand other people speaking a different dialect. People in Croatia use the Latin alphabet to write the language, while people in other parts use both Latin and Cyrillic alphabets. + += = = Iranian toman = = = +The Iranian toman (; from Mongolian "tomen" 'unit of ten thousand'), is the superunit of the official currency used in Iran, the rial. One toman is equal to ten rials. Even though the rial is the official currency, Iranians use the toman daily. +In the beginning, the toman consisted of 10,000 dinars. Between 1798 and 1825, the toman was split into eight rials, each of 1,250 dinars. In 1825, the qiran was introduced. The qiran was worth 1,000 dinars or one-tenth of a toman. + += = = Vasim Mammadaliyev = = = +Vasim Mammadaliyev (; August 27, 1942 – October 13, 2019) was an Azerbaijani scientist of oriental studies. He was the dean of theology faculty at Baku State University, chairman of a cathedra of Arabic philology and full member of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. + += = = Information economics = = = +Information economics is a branch of economics that studies how information and information systems affect an economy. +Information is not like normal physical products. It influences many decisions but it is hard to trust. It is easy to create and to spread but hard to control. + += = = Ángel Pérez García = = = +Ángel Pérez García (16 October 1957 – 17 October 2019) was a Spanish footballer. He was born in Madrid. He played as a defender, and was a manager. García played for Real Madrid from 1980 through 1982. From 1985 through 1991, he played for Real Murcia. +García died on 17 October 2019 in Madrid of cancer, a day after his 62nd birthday. + += = = Bob Kingsley = = = +Robert Gibson "Bob" Kingsley (March 19, 1939 – October 17, 2019) was an American country music radio personality. He was host of the nationally syndicated programs "American Country Countdown" (ACC) from 1978 to 2005 and "Bob Kingsley's Country Top 40" from 2006 until his death. In 2010, Kingsley was nominated and added for the National Radio Hall of Fame. +On October 9, 2019, Kingsley was diagnosed with bladder cancer. He died from the disease at his home in Weatherford, Texas a week later on October 17 at the age of 80. + += = = Baldwin Street = = = +Baldwin Street, in Dunedin, New Zealand was the steepest street in the world. In 1987, "Guinness World Records" said it was the steepest. It is in the suburb of North East Valley. It is northeast of Dunedin's central business district. +On 16 July 2019, Ffordd Pen Llech in Wales, became the world's steepest street. Baldwin Street's gradient is 35%, and Ffordd Pen Llech's gradient is 37.45%. + += = = David Hahn = = = +David Charles Hahn (October 30, 1976 – September 27, 2016) was an American who attempted to build a homemade neutron source at the age of 17. He is sometimes called the "Radioactive Boy Scout" or the "Nuclear Boy Scout". +He was a scout in the Boy Scouts of America. Hahn did his experiments without anyone knowing. He did them in a backyard shed at his mother's house in Commerce Township, Michigan. While he never actually was able to build a reactor (what he built was a neutron source), Hahn got the attention of local police when he was stopped for a different reason. The police found things in his vehicle that troubled them. He warned that it was radioactive. His mother's property was cleaned up by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ten months later as a Superfund cleanup site. Hahn attained Eagle Scout rank shortly after his lab was dismantled. +Background. +Hahn was born in Royal Oak, Michigan. +Creation of the neutron source. +Hahn was a Boy Scout. He was interested in chemistry. He spent years doing amateur chemistry experiments. Those experiments sometimes made small explosions. He was inspired by reading "The Golden Book of Chemistry Experiments", and he tried to get samples of every element in the periodic table. This included the radioactive ones. He later received a merit badge in Atomic Energy. He became interested with the idea of building a breeder reactor in his home. Hahn got a lot of radioactive material by collecting small amounts from household products. It included things such as americium from smoke detectors, thorium from camping lantern mantles, radium from clocks, and tritium from gunsights. His "reactor" was a bored-out block of lead, and he used lithium from $1,000 worth of bought batteries to purify the thorium ash using a Bunsen burner. +FBI Investigation. +On April 23, 2007, the FBI heard that Hahn may have a second breeder reactor in his freezer. The FBI contacted him via telephone. Hahn said that he did not have any radioactive material. The FBI decided he was not a terrorist threat. However, they decided to do a personal interview. During a May 16, 2007 interview at an FBI office, investigators asked Hahn about flyers that he had sent out promoting his book and upcoming film. They also asked about him stealing tires and rims from a vehicle before he joined Navy service. They also asked him about a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia. FBI agents then interviewed a person (whose name was not given) who said that Hahn was using cocaine a lot. They also said he was not taking his prescribed medication, and that he was paranoid of people that he claimed "had the ability to 'shock' his genitals with their minds". They also said he had possibly been visited by prostitutes. The person also said that he believed that Hahn was still trying to build a reactor, and that Hahn was collecting radium. He said that he did not believe Hahn wanted to hurt anyone, but was worried for his mental health. +Larceny of smoke detectors. +In Clinton Township, Michigan on August 1, 2007, Hahn was charged with larceny for removing many smoke detectors from the halls of his apartment building. He wanted to get americium from them. In his mug shot, his face is covered with sores. Investigators believe those sores could be from being near radioactive things, psoriasis, or possible drug use. +Death. +Hahn died on September 27, 2016. He was 39 years old. Hahn died in his hometown of Shelby Charter Township, Michigan. His death was accidental and due to intoxication from the combined effects of alcohol, diphenhydramine, and fentanyl. + += = = George Meredith = = = +George Meredith (12 February 1828 18 May 1909) was a Victorian poet and novelist who wrote about Women’s rights and was known for his theories about comedy. + += = = Minor character = = = +A minor character is a fictional character in a book, movie or television series who either does not appear very often or is not very important. The story can continue without the minor characters. + += = = Designer bag = = = +ita bags or "It bags" began mostly after the Second World War. They became popular and more common in the 1990s. The idea was led by the famous fashion houses, such as Hermès, Chanel, and Louis Vuitton. Their popularity was fuelled by more women having surplus money, and being competitive. Like expensive perfumes, designer bags provide a way for fashion houses to increase income by expanding their range of products. They have become an influential part of the fashion culture. +By 2008 the popularity of the "It bag" was reported to be in decline. In May 2011, although there would always be customers for expensive status bags, Celia Walden reported that the concept of the must-have "It bag" was no longer in fashion. + += = = Graham Douglas Caie = = = +Graham Douglas Caie is an emeritus Scottish scholar, who is vice president of ALLEA, the European Federation of Academies of Sciences and Humanities. In 2015, Graham Caie was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) for his services to Education and Research in Britain and Europe. +Education and career. +Graham Caie was born and raised in Aberdeen, Scotland and attended the Aberdeen Grammar School. He completed his MA (hons) in English at the Aberdeen University in 1968, then obtained the degrees of MA (research) and PhD at McMaster University, Canada. +In 1972, Graham was appointed lecturer at the University of Copenhagen, where he co-founded the Centre for Medieval Studies at Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen. In 1990, he was appointed to the Chair of English Language at Glasgow University. In 2004, he was elected as a Vice President of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He retired from the University of Glasgow, in 2012. In 2014, he became a member of the British Council’s Advisory Committee for Scotland. + += = = Trump–Ukraine scandal = = = +The Trump–Ukraine scandal was a political scandal in the United States. +In October 2019, a whistleblower anonymously complained that U.S. President Donald Trump, his lawyer Rudy Giuliani, and other high-ranking Trump administration members had made phone calls with Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelensky, asking him to have the Ukrainian government investigate Joe Biden, who was a candidate in the 2020 Democratic primaries at the time; as well as his son Hunter Biden in exchange for keeping U.S. military aid to Ukraine going. The complaint raised concerns that Trump was asking for other countries to interfere in the 2020 presidential election. +The controversy led to an impeachment inquiry against Trump. Because of the scandal, Trump was formally impeached by the U.S. House of Representatives on December 18, 2019. However, the Senate voted to clear Trump of charges. + += = = Ed Beck = = = +Edward Paul Beck (June 28, 1936 – October 16, 2019) was an American college basketball player. He was best known as the starting center and team captain of the "Fiddlin' Five," the University of Kentucky's 1958 NCAA championship team. +Beck finished his college career with 459 points scored (5.6 per game) and 783 rebounds (10.0 per game) in 78 total games. +Beck died on October 16, 2019 in Phoenix, Arizona at the age of 83. + += = = Ding Shisun = = = +Ding Shisun (; September 5, 1927 – October 12, 2019) was a Chinese mathematician, academic administrator, and politician. He was President of Peking University during the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests. He was forced to resign afterwards. He later was Chairman of the China Democratic League from 1996 to 2005 and Vice Chairperson of the National People's Congress. He was born in Shanghai. He attended Utopia University in Shanghai from 1944 to 1947. +Ding died on October 12, 2019 in Beijing, aged 92. + += = = Emilio Nicolas Sr. = = = +Emilio Nicolas Sr. (27 October 1930 – 12 October 2019) was a Mexican-American businessman. He worked with helping to create one of the earliest Spanish-language television stations in the United States. Nicolas created KWEX-TV in San Antonio, which became the cornerstone of the network that would later become Univision. +Nicolas Sr. died at his San Antonio, Texas home on 12 October 2019 from problems caused by progressive supranuclear palsy, aged 88. + += = = Hevrin Khalaf = = = +Hevrin Khalaf (; 15 November 1984 – 12 October 2019) was a Kurdish-Syrian politician and civil engineer. She was Secretary General of the Future Syria Party. he was known for her diplomatic skills. Khalaf worked towards increasing tolerance and unity among Christians, Arabs, and Kurds. +Khalaf was killed by the Turkish-backed Ahrar al-Sharqiya fighters near the M4 Motorway in Northern Syria during the Turkish military operation against SDF forces in Rojava on 12 October 2019. According to "The Washington Post", the killing "almost certainly constitute(d) a war crime, under international law". + += = = Anna Quayle = = = +Anne Veronica Maria Quayle (6 October 1932 – 16 August 2019), known professionally as Anna Quayle, was an English actress. In 1963, she won a Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for her role in the original production of "Stop the World – I Want to Get Off". +Her movie roles include "A Hard Day's Night" (1964), "Smashing Time" (1967), "Casino Royale" (1967), and "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" (1968). +Quayle was diagnosed in 2012 with Lewy body dementia. She died on 16 August 2019 at the age of 86. + += = = C. S. Holling = = = +Crawford Stanley (Buzz) Holling, (December 6, 1930 – August 16, 2019) was an American-born Canadian ecologist, born in Theresa, New York. +Holling was one of the co-founders of ecological economics. +In 2008, he won the Volvo Environment Prize. +He was an Emeritus Eminent Scholar and Professor in Ecological Sciences at the University of Florida. +Holling died on August 16, 2019 in Nanaimo, British Columbia at the age of 88. + += = = Theresa, New York = = = +Theresa is a town in Jefferson County, New York, United States. The population was 2,648 at the 2020 census. The town is named after Theresa La Ray, the daughter of an original landowner. + += = = Ecological economics = = = +Ecological economics (also called eco-economics, ecolonomy or bioeconomics of Georgescu-Roegen) is both a transdisciplinary and an interdisciplinary field of academic research about the coevolution of human economies and natural ecosystems. +By treating the economy as a system of Earth's larger ecosystem, and by the preservation of natural capital, the field of ecological economics is different from environmental economics. + += = = Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen = = = +Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen (born Nicolae Georgescu, 4 February 1906 – 30 October 1994) was a Romanian American mathematician, statistician and economist. He was best known today for his 1971 magnum opus "The Entropy Law and the Economic Process". He was a key figure in the creation of ecological economics. +Several economists have hailed Georgescu-Roegen as a man who lived well ahead of his time, and some historians of economic thought have proclaimed the ingenuity of his work. + += = = Meir Shamgar = = = +Meir Shamgar () (August 13, 1925 – October 18, 2019) was an Israeli general and judge. He was a member of the Irgun. He was the chief justice of the Israeli Supreme Court from 1983 to 1995. Shamgar was born in Danzig. +Shamgar died on October 18, 2019 at the age of 94. + += = = Aharon Barak = = = +Aharon Barak (, born Erik Brick; 16 September 1936) is an Israeli jurist. He is the Professor of Law at the Interdisciplinary Center in Herzliya. Barak was President of the Supreme Court of Israel from 1995 to 2006. Before, he was a Justice of the Supreme Court of Israel (1978–95), as the Attorney General of Israel (1975–78), and as the Dean of the Law Faculty of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (1974–75). + += = = Chris Messina = = = +Christopher Messina (born August 11, 1974) is an American actor and movie director. He is known for his roles in "Vicky Cristina Barcelona", "Argo", "Julie & Julia", "Ruby Sparks", "Celeste and Jesse Forever", "You've Got Mail" and "Birds of Prey". He starred in the movie "The Giant Mechanical Man". +On television, he appeared in roles as Chris Sanchez in "Damages", Reese Lansing in "The Newsroom" and as Danny Castellano in "The Mindy Project". + += = = Northport, New York = = = +Northport is a historic village in the Town of Huntington on Long Island, New York. Northport is known for its Victorian era village center, still bearing trolley rails. As of 2020, the village has a population of around 7,347. + += = = Shea Whigham = = = +Franklin Shea Whigham Jr. (born January 5, 1969) is an American actor. He played Elias "Eli" Thompson in the HBO drama series "Boardwalk Empire", and also had notable supporting roles in "", "Death Note", "Take Shelter", the first season of "True Detective", the third season of the anthology television series "Fargo", and "Joker". + += = = Bill Camp = = = +William Camp (born October 13, 1961) is an American actor. He became famous for playing supporting roles in many movies such as "Lincoln" (2012), "12 Years a Slave" (2013), "Loving" (2016), "Jason Bourne" (2016), "Molly's Game" (2017), "Red Sparrow" (2018), "Vice" (2018) and "Joker" (2019). + += = = Frances Conroy = = = +Frances Hardman Conroy (born November 13, 1953) is an American actress. She is best known for playing Ruth Fisher on the television series "Six Feet Under". She is also known for playing multiple roles in the "American Horror Story" television series. In 2019, she played Penny Fleck in "Joker". + += = = Frikandel = = = +A frikandel is a Dutch fast food. It is often a snack eaten with French fries. It has the appearance of a sausage with flat ends. + += = = Tobermory, Mull = = = +Tobermory (Scottish Gaelic: "Tobar Mhoire)" is a town on the Isle of Mull in Scotland. It has roughly around 1,000 people. Historically the town was a fishing port. +Tobermory is well known for hosting the children's television show "Balamory". + += = = Jambuda = = = +Jambuda (Gujarati: �������, Hindi: �������) is a small village in the Jamnagar district of the Indian state of Gujarat. The village has communities of Gadhavi, Rajgor Brahmin, Patels, shepherd, Charaniya and Kori. +Jambuda is about away from Jamnagar city, and on the way to Sainik School Balachadi. Historical book Yaduvanshprakash says that Jambuda village is older than 400 years. It is considered that the village was named as "Jambuda" due to the large number of Java plum tree, and the heavy production of Java plum fruits. karsan pala paliya was notable personality in village. + += = = John Ross Robertson = = = +John Ross Robertson (December 28, 1841 – May 31, 1918) was a Canadian newspaper publisher, politician, and philanthropy. He was from Toronto, Ontario. Between 1896 and 1900, Robertson was a member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of Canada. He represented the electoral area of Toronto East. +Robertson was involved in many projects in the Toronto community. For example, he was a leader of the Ontario Hockey Association (OHA). He fought very hard to make rules in amateur hockey. He is a part of the Hockey Hall of Fame. + += = = Multiplayer online battle arena = = = +MOBA is an abbreviation for "Multiplayer Online Battle Arena". League of Legends is an example of a MOBA. +Multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) is a subgenre of strategy video games that has gained immense popularity since the early 2000s. MOBAs are typically team-based games where players control a single character or unit and work together with their team to achieve a common goal. +Gameplay in MOBAs usually involves two opposing teams, each trying to destroy the other team's base while defending their own. Players must work together to defeat computer-controlled enemy units and gain experience and gold, which can be used to purchase upgrades and items for their characters. +One of the most popular MOBAs is League of Legends, which was released in 2009 and has since become one of the most played online games in the world. Other popular MOBAs include Dota 2, Smite, and Heroes of the Storm. +MOBAs require a combination of strategic thinking, quick reflexes, and teamwork to succeed. Players must communicate effectively with their teammates, manage resources, and make split-second decisions in order to gain an advantage over their opponents. +The rise of MOBAs has led to the development of professional esports leagues and tournaments, where teams of players compete for large cash prizes. The popularity of these events has helped to legitimize video gaming as a competitive sport and has brought gaming into the mainstream. +While MOBAs are known for their fast-paced, action-packed gameplay, they can also be complex and difficult to learn. Many MOBAs have extensive tutorials and learning resources to help new players get started, but it can take months or even years to become proficient at the game. +Despite the challenges, MOBAs remain one of the most popular genres in gaming, with millions of players around the world logging on to play each day. With new games and updates being released regularly, the MOBA genre shows no signs of slowing down anytime soon. + += = = Rural Municipality of Brenda = = = +Brenda is a rural municipality in the province of Manitoba in Western Canada. It is near the province's southern border with North Dakota. In 2011, it had a population of 469 people. Brenda covers an area of 766.00 km2 (295.75 square miles). The main settlements within the rural municipality are Goodlands, Leighton, Medora, and Napinka. + += = = Napinka = = = +Napinka is an unincorporated community in southwestern Manitoba, Canada. The village was founded in 1908. In 1986, it became part of the Rural Municipality of Brenda. + += = = Western Canada = = = +Western Canada is a region of Canada. The region includes the provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba. The last three provinces are sometimes called the Prairie Provinces. +Sometimes "Western Canada" includes the territories of Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. These territories are now often grouped as the distinct region of Northern Canada. + += = = Northern Canada = = = +Northern Canada, sometimes referred to by Canadians as simply the North, is the vast northernmost region of Canada. The term refers to the three territories of Canada: Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. Other parts of Northern Canada may include Northern Quebec and Northern Labrador. + += = = Labrador, Canada = = = +Labrador is the part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in Canada that is on the mainland. The Strait of Belle Isle to the east is between it and the island of Newfoundland in Atlantic Canada. To the south and west is the province of Quebec. +Not many people live in Labrador; in fact, only 8% of the population of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador lives in it, even though Labrador is twice as big as Newfoundland. Until the 1950s, most of the people who lived there were Aboriginals. Then some Europeans immigrated to the area and worked as merchants; these people were once called Settlers. + += = = Roman conquest of Britain = = = +The Roman conquest of Britain began in AD 43 under Emperor Claudius. His general Aulus Plautius became first Governor of Roman Britain (). +Britain had been the target of invasions by the Roman Republic and Roman Empire. It had diplomatic and trading links with the Romans after Julius Caesar's expeditions in 55 and 54 BC. Roman economic and cultural influence was already part of the British late pre-Roman Iron Age, in the south. +Between 55 BC and the 40s AD, Britain was not invaded. Augustus prepared invasions in 34 BC, 27 BC and 25 BC. The first and third were called off due to revolts elsewhere in the empire, the second because the Britons seemed ready to come to terms. Strabo's "Geography", written during this period, says that Britain paid more in customs and duties than could be raised by taxation if the island were conquered. +By the 40s AD, the political situation in Britain was apparently in some chaos. Caligula planned a campaign against the Britons in 40, but it never happened. Caligula's preparations made Claudius' invasion possible three years later. For example, Caligula built a lighthouse at (modern Boulogne-sur-Mer) that provided a model for the one built soon after at Dover. + += = = List of regions of Canada = = = +There are two kinds of regions in Canada: those formed at the national level and sometimes used for the Canadian Senate, and those used within the provinces and territories. +National regions. +Although these regions have no official status or defined boundaries the Provinces and territories are sometimes informally grouped into the following regions (generally from west to east): +Other regions are: +Seats in the Senate are equally divided among four regions: Maritimes, Quebec, Ontario, and the West, with special status for Newfoundland and Labrador, and Northern Canada ("the North"). +Provincial regions. +The provinces and territories are all sub-divided into regions for a variety of official and unofficial purposes. In some provinces, the regions are used for political purposes. In others, they are just geographic areas. + += = = Lethal Injection (album) = = = +Lethal Injection is the fourth studio album by rapper Ice Cube, released on December 7, 1993. Similar to his earlier albums, "Lethal Injection" was a chart success. It debuted at #5 on the "Billboard" 200, but was criticized for what some saw as toning down of political content. Several singles, including "You Know How We Do It", became popular. + += = = Corduroy = = = +Corduroy is a strong fabric. It is made of twisted fibers. When woven, the fibers are parallel to one another in ridges. This makes the corduroy look striped. Corduroy is used to make clothing, including trousers, jackets and shirts. It is also used for furniture, including couches. +The ridges in the fabric are called "wales". Corduroy can have from 1.5 to 21 wales per inch. It usually has between 10 and 12 wales per inch. Corduroy with fewer wales per inch is more often used to make trousers and for furniture. Corduroy with more wales per inch is usually used for clothing worn above the waist. +Some people think the word "corduroy" comes from the French words "corde du roi" ("the cord of the King"). There is no evidence that this is true. +Other names. +Other names are used for corduroy. Some of those names are corded velveteen, elephant cord, pin cord, Manchester cloth and cords. +In continental Europe, corduroy is often called "Manchester" or "Cord". + += = = Ucluelet = = = +Ucluelet is a district municipality in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Ucluelet is found on the Ucluelet Peninsula on the west coast of Vancouver Island. The name Ucluelet means "people of the safe harbour" in the native Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) language. The population of Ucluelet was 1,627 in 2011. The mayor of Ucluelet is Bill Irving. + += = = Death Certificate (album) = = = +Death Certificate was the second studio album from Ice Cube after he left N.W.A. It started at #2 on the "Billboard" 200. +The album was very controversial because of Ice Cube's statements on drug dealing, racial profiling and the right to bear and keep firearms. +The song "No Vaseline" was a criticism against his former fellow rappers. +It was released on October 29, 1991. + += = = OS X Yosemite = = = +OS X Yosemite (version 10.10) is the eighth important version of OS X. OS X is Apple's computer operating system. It was announced at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) 2014 on June 2, 2014. It was released to developers and beta testers on that same day. It was released to everyone on October 16, 2014. OS X Yosemite is named after Yosemite National Park in California. + += = = Julio Silva Solar = = = +Julio Silva Solar (8 June 1926 – 28 June 2014) was a Chilean politician and lawyer. Solar served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile from 1965 to 1973. He then served as President of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile from 9 September 1969 to 16 September 1969. +Solar died in Santiago, Chile from a heart attack, aged 88. +Early life. +Son of Julio Silva Vargas and Mercedes Solar Ruiz-Tagle. He completed his primary and secondary studies at the schools of the French Fathers in Viña del Mar and the Sponsorship of San José in Santiago. After finishing his school years at college San Ignacio, he entered the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, being sworn in as a lawyer in 1951. At this time, he was president of the National Confederation of University Students in 1951. +In the workplace, he practiced his profession in the Social Security Service. In addition, he was a collaborator in press organs and magazines, especially in the newspapers and magazines Última Hora, El Imparcial, Política y Espíritu and Panorama político. +Marriage and children. +Married to Gloria Montes Brunet, he had 2 children: Gloria and Julio Silva Montes. + += = = Olean, New York = = = +Olean is a city in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. It had a population of 13,937 as of 2020. It was founded in March 1808. + += = = William O'Dwyer = = = +William O'Dwyer (July 11, 1890November 24, 1964) was an American politician. He was the 100th Mayor of New York City. He was mayor from January 1946 to August 1950. + += = = Hell Awaits = = = +Hell Awaits is the second studio album by American thrash metal band, Slayer. "Hell Awaits" was released in March 1985. The album was released through Metal Blade Records. +"Hell Awaits" features Slayer's most progressive and diverse work compared to their older releases. According to guitarist Kerry King, he and Jeff Hanneman were into Mercyful Fate at that time and that led them to do longer and more progressive songs. +To promote the album, the band took part in the Combat Tour with Venom and Exodus. Exodus guitarist Gary Holt commented, "We immediately bonded with the Slayer guys. It was two bands of friends playing with one band of heroes, you know? We were just star-struck." Gary Holt later joined the band in 2015. + += = = Assis (footballer, born 1952) = = = +Benedito de Assis da Silva (November 11, 1952 – July 6, 2014), commonly known as Assis was a Brazilian footballer. He played for Fluminense. He was working as a manager for Fluminense's youth team until his death in 2014. +Honours. +Assis died on July 6, 2014 due to multiple organ failure at the age of 61. + += = = Dolores Claman = = = +Dolores Claman (July 6, 1927 – July 17, 2021) was a Canadian composer and pianist. She was best known for composing the theme song, known simply as "The Hockey Theme", for "Hockey Night in Canada", a song often thought as Canada's second national anthem. She composed in 1968. +Claman died on July 17, 2021 from problems caused by dementia in Spain, almost two weeks after her 94th birthday. + += = = L. Q. Jones = = = +L. Q. Jones (born Justice Ellis McQueen Jr.; August 19, 1927 – July 9, 2022) was an American character actor and movie director. He was known for his roles in some movies directed by Sam Peckinpah. He starred in "The Wild Bunch", "Hang 'Em High", "Ride the High Country", "Battle Cry", and in "Casino". +Jones died on July 9, 2022 at his home in Los Angeles, California at the age of 94. + += = = Sam Peckinpah = = = +David Samuel "Sam" Peckinpah (February 21, 1925 – December 28, 1984) was an American movie director and screenwriter. He is known for his work in the 1969 movie "The Wild Bunch". He also directed "Straw Dogs" (1971), "Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid" (1973) and "Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia" (1974). He also appeared as an actor in the 1979 movie "The Visitor". + += = = Inglewood, California = = = +Inglewood is a city in southwestern Los Angeles County, California, United States. It is southwest of downtown Los Angeles. It was incorporated on February 14, 1908. Its population was 107,762 at the 2020 U.S. Census. The city is in the South Bay region of the greater Los Angeles area. Inglewood has The Forum and SoFi Stadium + += = = Interface = = = +An interface or shell is what the user uses on an operating system to make the computer do tasks, like writing a document, or loading a web page. There are two types of interfaces, a command line interface (CLI for short) - where people write commands to make the computer perform tasks, or a graphical user interface (GUI for short), where people use their Computer mouse to click on buttons to perform tasks. +Command line interface. +"See Command line interface." +Command line interfaces ask the user to type in commands in a text-based environment, not allowing images, like the screen image to the right. +For example, if the user wanted the computer to say "Hello World", he or she would: +This is hard to use for most people, mostly because when the user has to do a long command, he or she can miss a letter or two, so the computer shows an error, and he or she has to do it all over again, which can waste hours. +Graphical user interface. +"See Graphical user interface." +Graphical user interfaces are instead made of not only text, but also images. The first computer to do this was the Apple Lisa (1983). +The following operating systems can use graphical user interfaces: +Since the top operating systems (listed above) use graphical user interfaces, they are seen on every computer. Anyone can still use a command line interface on any computer very easily. + += = = Gordon Ramsay = = = +Gordon James Ramsay (; born 8 November 1966) is a British chef, restaurateur, and television personality. He is known for his television cooking shows where he helps restaurants improve. He was awarded an OBE by Queen Elizabeth II in 2006. +He used to be a Scottish League footballer. However Ramsay was forced to retire from professional football when he was 18 due to suffering a serious knee injury. He instead focused on cooking. He is married to his wife Tana (Nee Hutcheson) with who he has six children and who he married in 1996. He is well known for his fiery demeanour by swearing constantly and loudly berating people in his television programmes whenever they make mistakes. +Cooking career. +Ramsay's flagship restaurant, the "Restaurant Gordon Ramsay" in Chelsea, London, has three Michelin stars, and has had them since 2001. He has invested in several other restaurants, trained their chefs and designed their menus. His restaurants have been awarded 16 Michelin stars in total and currently hold 7. +Television. +Ramsay has appeared as a judge on "MasterChef USA". He also presented "The F Word" and . He also has his own shows including: + += = = Bessemer, Michigan = = = +Bessemer is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 1,805. It is the county seat of Gogebic County. + += = = South of Heaven = = = +South of Heaven is the fourth studio album by American thrash metal band, Slayer. "South of Heaven" was released on July 5, 1988. The album was released through Def Jam. It is the second collaboration with record producer Rick Rubin. +The album is their second to enter the Billboard 200 and was their last album that was released under Def Jam Recordings. Guitarist Jeff Hanneman has said that the album was the only album that the band members had discussed before writing the music. They knew that they "couldn't top Reign in Blood", and that whatever they recorded would be "compared to that album", he believed they "had to slow down", something the band had never done on albums before, or since. +Guitarist Kerry King mentioned the need to "keep people guessing" as another reason for the musical shift. According to Slayer's official biography: "In order to contrast the aggressive assault put forth on Reign in Blood, Slayer consciously slowed down the tempo of the album as a whole". "They also added elements like undistorted guitars and toned-down vocal styles not heard on previous albums." + += = = Zviad Gamsakhurdia = = = +Zviad Gamsakhurdia (, tr. "Zviad K'onst'ant'ines dze Gamsakhurdia"; , tr. "Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdiya"; March 31, 1939 — December 31, 1993) was a Georgian scientist and writer. He became the first democratically elected President of Georgia in the post-Soviet era. + += = = Eduard Shevardnadze = = = +Eduard Shevardnadze (; , tr. "Eduard Amvrosiyevich Shevardnadze"; 25 January 1928 - 7 July 2014) was a Georgian politician. He was a former Soviet minister of foreign affairs. He served as President of Georgia from November 1995 to November 2003. + += = = Nino Burjanadze = = = +Nino Burjanadze (Georgian: ���� ���������, also romanized Burdzhanadze or Burdjanadze, born 16 July 1964) is a Georgian politician and lawyer. She served as the acting President of Georgia two times from 2003 to 2004 and again from 2007 to 2008. She announced in 2013 that she will run for president in the upcoming elections. + += = = Tengiz Sigua = = = +Tengiz Sigua (9 November 1934 – 21 January 2020) was a Georgian politician. He served as Prime Minister of Georgia from November 1992 to August 1993. + += = = Otar Patsatsia = = = +Otar Patsatsia () (May 15, 1929 – December 9, 2021) was a Georgian politician. He served as the country's Prime Minister from August 20, 1993 to October 5, 1995. + += = = Andrew Mango = = = +Andrew James Alexander Mango (14 June 1926 – 6 July 2014) was a Turkish-British writer and photographer. He worked for the BBC until his retirement in 1986. He was a press office for the British Embassy in London. He spent many years writing about Atatürk. + += = = Bora Todorović = = = +Borivoje "Bora" Todorović (Serbian Cyrillic: �������� "����" ���������) (November 5, 1929 – July 7, 2014) was an Serbian actor. He was known for his roles in "Who's That Singing Over There" (1980), "The Marathon Family" (1982), "Balkan Express" (1983), "Balkanski Špijun" ("Balkan Spy", 1984), "Time of the Gypsies" (1988), and "Underground" (1995). + += = = Volkmar Groß = = = +Volkmar Groß (31 January 1948 – 3 July 2014) was a German football player. He spent seven seasons in the Bundesliga with Hertha BSC, Tennis Borussia Berlin and FC Schalke 04. He represented Germany against Greece. + += = = Michael Apted = = = +Michael David Apted, (10 February 1941 – 7 January 2021) was a British director, producer, writer and actor. He directed James Bond movie "The World is Not Enough". He was known for directing "Amazing Grace" and "". +Apted died at his home in Los Angeles on 7 January 2021, at the age of 79. + += = = My Plague = = = +"My Plague" is the third single off American metal band Slipknot's second studio album "Iowa". The song was released on July 8, 2002. +Overview. +There was a remix for the song called "New Abuse Mix" that was featured on the soundtrack to the 2002 movie "Resident Evil". the remix cut a screamed layer of vocals and replaced it with a more monotone, drone-like sounding layer. +Versions. +The new version was cut by approximately 00:37 seconds by removing the transitional ""Kill you, fuck you, I will never be you" section. Some of the profanities were also replaced with less offensive phrases; like the phrase "...the everyday bullshit things that you have done" was changed to, "...the everyday abusive things that you have done" and "You fucking touch me, I will rip you apart..." was replaced with "...and if you touch me, I will rip you apart..."". The whole second verse of the chorus was removed. +In 2003, the song was nominated for a Grammy Award in the Best Metal Performance category but it lost to Korn's "Here to Stay". + += = = The Specialist = = = +The Specialist is a 1994 American action thriller movie. Sylvester Stallone plays Ray. Sharon Stone plays May Munro. This movie is about a former CIA agent getting mixed up in violence, drugs and deception. It is set in Colombia and Miami. +Many critics did not like the movie. Its box office intake, however, was positive. The movie was released on October 7, 1994. + += = = Marek Jakóbczak = = = +Marek Jakóbczak (1970 – 27 June 2014) was a Polish footballer. He graduated from a small club in Warsaw Pharmacy Tarchomin. He played with the teams Polonia Warsaw, Radomiak Radom, Steel Steel Will, Petrochemical Plock, GKS Belchatow-ie, Jagiellonia Bialystok, Silesia, Wroclaw and Israeli Hapoel Beit She'an. He had played 49 matches in the league and scored 9 goals. +Jakóbczak died in Warsaw, Poland from lung cancer, aged 44. + += = = Tymon Mabaleka = = = +Tymon Mabaleka (1950 – 27 June 2014) was a Zimbabwean footballer and music producer. He was nicknamed "The Whitehorse". His career lasted for nearly twenty years in sports and another fifteen years in the music industry. +Mabaleka was born in Nswazi in Umzingwane District. He attended Losikeyi Primary School in Bulawayo. He studied at Mpopoma High School and later moved to Mzilikazi High School. +He played for the Highlanders FC. In 1973, the Highlanders won Chibuku Trophy. He retired in 1982 to become a music producer. He worked for Gallo Records. +Mabaleka died in Harare, Zimbabwe from unknown causes, aged 64 or 65. He is survived by his wife, Josephine Mabaleka. He was buried in Harare the next day. + += = = Robert A. M. Stern = = = +Robert Arthur Morton Stern, usually credited as Robert A. M. Stern (born May 23, 1939), is an American architect. He is currently the Dean of the Yale School of Architecture. He is known for his works 15 Central Park West, Comcast Center, and the Norman Rockwell Museum. His buildings are mostly postmodernism. + += = = Margaret Fulton = = = +Margaret Isobel Fulton OAM (10 October 1924 – 24 July 2019) was a Scottish-born Australian food and cooking 'guru', writer, journalist, author, and commentator. She was the first of this genre of writers in Australia. She was born in Nairn, Scotland. Fulton's best known work was writing "The Margaret Fulton Cookbook" and for hosting "Recipes from the Duchess of Duke Street". +Fulton was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia in the 1983 Queen's Birthday Honours "In recognition of service to the media as a journalist and writer in the field of cookery". +Fulton died on 24 July 2019 at the age of 94. + += = = Alan Alan = = = +Alan Alan (born Alan Rabinowitz; 30 November 1926 - 4 July 2014) was a British escapologist and magician. He was known for creating the escape from straight jacket stunt. He performed a buried alive trick that almost killed him. He appeared in a number of television magic shows, including "The Magic of David Copperfield". + += = = C. J. Henderson = = = +Chris "C.J." Henderson (December 26, 1951 – July 4, 2014) was an American writer. He wrote books of horror and hardboiled crime fiction genres. He also comic books and was influenced by Stan Lee. Henderson was known for creating the Jack Hagee detective series and his supernatural detective Teddy London series. +Henderson died in Brooklyn, New York from cancer, aged 62. + += = = Typhoon Neoguri (2014) = = = +Typhoon Neoguri (or Typhoon Florita) was a strong tropical cyclone in the western Pacific Ocean. The storm developed in early July 2014 and was labeled "Neoguri" by the Japan Meteorological Agency. Later on July 4, "Neoguri" was upgraded to typhoon level. The storm then intensified. +Certain areas around Japan were put on alert because of the storm. + += = = Radivoj Lazić = = = +Radivoj Lazić (born 1 August 1953 in Kikinda) is a Serbian musician, clarinettist, teacher, composer, painter and children's writer. +Early life. +Radivoj was born on August 1st, 1953, in Kikinda (Banat, Voivodina). There he finished his elementary schooling. This was followed by two years of high school and basic studies of the clarinet. From 1971 to 1974 he attended the Music High school “Isidor Bajić” in Novi Sad with professor Mihajlo Kelbli. In 1974 he became a student of the Faculty of music in Belgrade with professor Bruno Brun. He graduated in 1979 with professor Milenko Stefanovic. +Career. +In 1978 he was appointed professor of clarinet at the Music school “Kosta Manojlović” in Zemun. +His pupils won several first and special prizes at the competitions in their country and abroad. +The Association of Music and Ballet pedagogues of Serbia awarded him a prize for outstanding educational results in the academic year 1994/95. +Works. +In collaboration with Vlastimir Peričić he wrote many compositions for clarinet, from beginner to highly-professional level. They have been performed worldwide. He has devoted some 30 books to clarinet and published 22. +The author’s works are: +Works in wind instruments. +Radivoj Lazić has written several books with pieces for other wind instruments accompanied by piano, such as: the oboe, flute, saxophone, trumpet and horn. + += = = Hutton Gibson = = = +Hutton Peter "Red" Gibson (August 26, 1918 – May 11, 2020) or Red Hutton; was an American writer on Sedevacantism. He was a World War II veteran. In 1968, Gibson became a "Jeopardy!" grand champion. He was the father of 11 children, one of whom is the actor and director Mel Gibson. +In a 2003 interview he questioned how the Nazis could have disposed of six million bodies during the Holocaust and claimed that the September 11, 2001 attacks were done by remote control. He has also been quoted as saying the Second Vatican Council was "a Masonic plot backed by the Jews". +Gibson died on May 11, 2020 at a hospital in Thousand Oaks, California, aged 101. + += = = Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania = = = +Westmoreland County is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 354,663. The county seat is Greensburg. + += = = Greensburg, Pennsylvania = = = +Greensburg is a city and county seat of Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. It has a population of 14,976 as of 2020. The ZIP code of Greensburg is 15601. It is southeast of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. + += = = Sedevacantism = = = +Sedevacantism is the position, held by a small group of Traditionalist Catholics, that the person in the papal see right now is not truly pope and that, for lack of a good pope, the see has been empty since the death of Pope Pius XII in 1958. + += = = Warren, Tyler County, Texas = = = +Warren is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Tyler County, Texas, United States. Its ZIP code is 77664. + += = = Warren City, Texas = = = +Warren City is a city in Gregg and Upshur Counties in the U.S. state of Texas. The population was 319 at the 2020 census. +Geography. +Warren City has a total area of 1.8 square miles. + += = = Francis Guinan = = = +Francis V. Guinan Jr. (born November 17, 1951) is an American movie, television and stage actor. He is best known for his role as Edgar Teller in the short-lived NBC series "Eerie, Indiana". + += = = M. Emmet Walsh = = = +Michael Emmet Walsh (March 22, 1935 – March 19, 2024) was an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor. He appeared in over 200 movies and television series. He is known for his roles in "The Jerk", "", "Killer Image", "Christmas with the Kranks", "Wild Wild West", "Blade Runner" and "Knives Out". +According to Roger Ebert's Stanton-Walsh Rule, "no movie featuring either Harry Dean Stanton or M. Emmet Walsh in a supporting role can be altogether bad." Ebert later conceded that this rule was broken by 1999's "Wild Wild West" (Walsh) and "Dream a Little Dream" (Stanton). +Walsh died from cardiac arrest in St. Albans, Vermont, on March 19, 2024, at the age of 88, just three days before his 89th birthday. + += = = Ogdensburg, New York = = = +Ogdensburg is a city in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The population was 10,064 at the 2020 census. The city is near the Canadian border. A bridge in Ogdensburg links Canada and the United States. + += = = Ogdensburg, Wisconsin = = = +Ogdensburg is a small village in Waupaca County, Wisconsin, United States. +People. +The population was 188 at the 2020 census. + += = = Granville Austin = = = +Granville Austin (1927 – 6 July 2014) was an American historian. He was known for helping draft the Indian Constitution. Austin is the author of two seminal political histories of the constitution of India, The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation and Working a Democratic Constitution: The Indian Experience. +Austin was born in Norwich, Vermont. He died in Washington, D.C., aged 87. + += = = Norwich, Vermont = = = +Norwich is a town in Windsor County, Vermont, United States. It is located along the Connecticut River opposite Hanover, New Hampshire. The population was 3,612 at the 2020 census. + += = = Hanover, New Hampshire = = = +Hanover is a town along the Connecticut River in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 11,870 at the 2020 census. + += = = Norwich, New York = = = +Norwich is a city in Chenango County, New York, United States. It had a population of 7,051 as of 2020. + += = = Love Affair (1994 movie) = = = +Love Affair is a 1994 American romantic drama movie. It stars Warren Beatty as Mike Gambril and Annette Bening as Terry McKay. Katharine Hepburn played Ginny. This is her last known movie acting role. +This movie was released on October 21, 1994. The movie was considered a "major flop" at the box office. +It is a remake of "Love Affair" and "An Affair to Remember". + += = = Pelagornis = = = +Pelagornis is a genus of huge fossil birds. One species, "P. sandersi", is one of the largest bird ever found. Its wingspan was twice that of the largest Albatross. Its wingspan is estimated as about 6.4 to 7.4 metres. The fossil of this particular species is from the Oligocene stage, about 25 million years ago (mya). +The pelagornithids are an extinct group of birds known for bony tooth-like beak projections, large size, and highly modified wing bones. There are many questions about their ecology. The bird was capable of highly efficient gliding. That suggests it had a long-range marine soaring life-style similar to that of living albatross. +Several later species have been found, and they are not quite so large. The whole group died out about three million years ago. + += = = 2013–14 Bundesliga = = = +The 2013–14 Bundesliga was the 51st season of the Fußball-Bundesliga, Germany's top football league. The season started on 9 August 2013 and ended on 10 May 2014. The defending champions were Bayern Munich. The champion was decided before the tournament ended. FC Bayern Munich won the tournament, with 90 points (a 19-point lead). +League table. +Below is the table for the 2013–14 Fußball-Bundesliga season. Bayern Munich, Borussia Dortmund and FC Schalke 04 directly qualified for the UEFA Champions League, while 1. FC Nuremberg and Eintracht Braunschweig were relegated to the 2. Bundesliga. Hamburger SV wasn't relegated because they won the relegation play-off match against SpVgg Greuther Fürth. +Statistics. +Top scorers. +"As of 10 May 2014" +Top assists. +"As of 10 May 2014" + += = = Pyrrharctia isabella = = = +The Isabella tiger moth ("Pyrrharctia isabella") lives in temperate and cold northern regions, including the Arctic. +Its caterpillar, the banded woollybear larva, overwinters and freezes solid. It produces a body fluid which helps its tissues avoid cold damage. In the spring it thaws out, emerges from its hibernaculum, eats, and grows in the short Arctic summer. +In temperate climates, this species has one or two broods depending on its location. In the Arctic, the warm period is so short that a woollybear feeds for several summers before it pupates. Each winter it freezes. A woollybear of another species lives through as many as 14 winters, before it pupates, and becomes an adult, having only a few-day mating period. + += = = El Zarqa = = = +El Zarqa () is a city of 17,741 people (2005). It is found in Damietta Governorate, Egypt. The city president is Mamdouh Mohammed Hagrus. + += = = José Gómez (cyclist) = = = +José Gómez Lucas (9 January 1944 – 14 June 2014) was a Spanish Olympic cyclist. His career lasted from 1969 to 1975 and participated in amateur testing in highway Olympic Games Mexico in 1968, where he finished sixteenth. +Lucas was born in Navalcarnero, Madrid, Spain. +As a professional, his most known victory was the Tour of Andalusia in 1970 besides winning a stage and overall at the Vuelta a Mallorca in 1971, the Klasika Spring in 1972 and a stage of the Tour of Aragon in 1972. He participated in the Tour de France in 1971 and in 1973, but dropped in both races. +Lucas died in Madrid, Spain from unknown causes, aged 70. + += = = Fanchang County = = = +Fanchang is a county. It's found in the province of Anhui in China. It is under the administration of Wuhu city. + += = = Wuhu County = = = +wuhu is a county. It's found in the province of Anhui in China. It is under the administration of Wuhu city. + += = = Ben Pangelinan = = = +Vincente C. "Ben" Pangelinan (June 9, 1956 – July 8, 2014) was an American-Guamanian politician and businessman. +He was born in Saipan, Guam. He received his bachelor's degree from Georgetown University. He was the president and owner of Group Pacific Suppliers. +He served in the Guam Legislature from 1994 until his death in 2014 as a Democrat. He died of cancer. + += = = Yijiang District = = = +Yijiang District is a district in the Anhui province of China. It is under the administration of Wuhu city. + += = = Snyder, Texas = = = +Snyder is a city in, and the county seat of Scurry County, Texas, United States. The population was 11,438 at the 2020 census. + += = = Northridge, Los Angeles = = = +Northridge is a neighborhood of Los Angeles, California in the San Fernando Valley. It is the home of California State University, Northridge. + += = = San Fernando Valley = = = +The San Fernando Valley (known as "The Valley") is an urbanized valley in the Los Angeles metropolitan area of southern California. It has the mountains of the Transverse Ranges circling it. It is home to 1.8 million people. It lies north of the larger and more populous Los Angeles Basin. +Nearly two thirds of the Valley's land area is part of the City of Los Angeles. The other incorporated cities in the Valley are Glendale, Burbank, San Fernando, Hidden Hills, and Calabasas. + += = = Calabasas, California = = = +Calabasas is a city in northwestern Los Angeles County, California. It is located in the hills west of the San Fernando Valley and is in the northwest Santa Monica Mountains between Woodland Hills, Agoura Hills, West Hills, Hidden Hills and Malibu, California. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the city population was 23,241. Formerly an unincorporated area of Los Angeles County, the area was incorporated as a city in 1991. + += = = San Fernando, California = = = +San Fernando is a city located in the San Fernando Valley, in the northwestern region of Los Angeles County, California, United States. + += = = Hidden Hills, California = = = +Hidden Hills is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, and a gated community. The population was 1,725 at the 2020 census. It is in the San Fernando Valley region. + += = = Tower Town = = = +Tower Town or Towertown was a district of Chicago around the Chicago Water Tower. It was known for its bohemian artists and nightlife in the 1920s. Bars and nightclubs included Chez Pierre, the Dil Pickle Club, Kelly's Stables, the Little Club, the Paradise Club and the Tent. + += = = Long Lake, Illinois = = = +Long Lake is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Illinois, United States. The population was 3,663 at the 2020 census. + += = = Willowbrook, Will County, Illinois = = = +Willowbrook is an unincorporated census-designated place in Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,346 at the 2020 census. + += = = White Heath, Illinois = = = +White Heath is an unincorporated census-designated place in Piatt County, Illinois, USA. As of the 2020 census, its population was 251. + += = = Dow, Illinois = = = +Dow is an unincorporated community in Jersey County, Illinois, United States. + += = = Luzon = = = +Luzon is the largest island in the Philippines. It is in the northern section of the country. The capital of the Philippines, Manila, as well as other cities like Quezon City, are on the island. +As of the 2010 census, 48.5 million people lived on Luzon. + += = = Medinah, Illinois = = = +Medinah is an unincorporated community in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Illinois and is a suburb of Chicago. +Medinah, largely located in DuPage County, it is between the villages of Roselle, Itasca, Bloomingdale, Elk Grove Village and Addison. + += = = Andres, Illinois = = = +Andres is an unincorporated community in Will County, Illinois, United States. It is located south of Frankfort, Illinois and a little west of Peotone on route 45. + += = = Frankfort, Illinois = = = +Frankfort is a village in Will and Cook counties, Illinois, United States. It is a suburb of Chicago. The population was 20,296 at the 2020 census. + += = = Peotone, Illinois = = = +Peotone is a village in Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 4,150 at the 2020 census. + += = = Sanshan District = = = +Sanshan is a district in the province of Anhui in China. It is under the administration of Wuhu city. + += = = Typhoon Megi (2010) = = = +Typhoon Megi (called Juan in the Philippines) was a strong tropical cyclone in the western Pacific Ocean. It was one of the most intense tropical cyclones ever. The storm started on October 13, 2010. It became a typhoon the following day. +The storm first touched land on Luzon on October 18. Thirty-one people died. Damage was over $255 million (2010 USD). +The storm also affected Taiwan and southeastern China. Overall damage was $709 million. Almost 70 people were killed. +Megi had winds sustained at 185 mph. + += = = Jinghu District = = = +Jinghu is a district. It is in the province of Anhui, China. It is under the administration of Wuhu city. + += = = Lujiang County = = = +Lujiang is a county in the province of Anhui in China. It has a population of 1,200,000 and an area of 2,352 km2. + += = = Feixi County = = = +Feixi is a county. It is in the province of Anhui, China. It is under the administration of Hefei city. + += = = Feidong County = = = +Feidong is a county in the province of Anhui, China. The county has a surface of 2,215.53 km2 and a population of 861,960 people. It contains 18 towns and 2 development zones. + += = = Changfeng County = = = +Changfeng is a county in the province of Anhui in China. The county has a surface of 1,922.24 km2 and a population of 629,535 people. It contains 9 towns, 6 townships, and a development zone. + += = = Baohe District = = = +Baohe is a district in the province of Anhui in China. The district has a surface of 294.94 km2 and a population of 817,686 people. It contains 7 subdistricts and 2 towns. + += = = Brazil v Germany (2014 FIFA World Cup) = = = +Brazil v Germany, played on 8 July 2014, was an association football match played between Brazil and Germany in the semi-finals of the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Germany's 7–1 win was the largest in FIFA World Cup semi-final history. To some, it became known as the Miracle of Belo Horizonte. To others it was called the Mineirazo or "Mineiraço", comparing it with the famous "Maracanazo", in which Brazil lost an important game against Uruguay in the 1950 World Cup. +Background. +The team met for the second time in World Cup history, with the first game being the 2002 FIFA World Cup final. In the previous game against Colombia, Neymar suffered a fractured vertebra and Thiago Silva was banned due to him getting too many yellow cards in the tournament. + += = = Malachi = = = +Malachi, Malachias, Malache or Mal'achi was the writer of the Book of Malachi which is part of the Bible. This is the last book of the Neviim (prophets) section in the Jewish Tanakh. Malachi is not mentioned by Ezra, however, and he does not directly mention the restoration of the temple. The editors of the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia think that he prophesied after Haggai and Zechariah (; , ). They believe he made his prophecies about 420 BC, after the second return of Nehemiah from Persia (Book of Nehemiah), or possibly before his return, comparing with ; with ). + += = = Dropkick Murphys = = = +Dropkick Murphys is an American Celtic punk band from Quincy, Massachusetts. The band has currently has seven members. The members are Ken Casey, Matt Kelly, Al Barr, James Lynch, Tim Brennan, Josh "Scruffy" Wallace, and Jeff DaRosa. The band made a name for themselves locally after frequent touring and yearly St. Patrick's Day week shows that were held in and around Boston. +The band released their later album "Signed and Sealed in Blood" on January 8, 2013. +History. +The band started in 1996 in Quincy, Massachusetts and was made up of lead vocalist Mike McColgan, bassist/vocalist Ken Casey, guitarist Rick Barton, and drummer Jeff Erna. Erna was later replaced the next year by Matt Kelly. The band is named after professional wrestler Dr. John "Dropkick" Murphy. The band first started playing in the basement of a friend's barbershop and soon began to tour and record music. The band's first big break was when the were selected by The Mighty Mighty Bosstones to be the opening act for their 1997 tour in support of "Let's Face It". +The band released a series of EPs before they were signed to Hellcat Records. They released their debut studio album "Do or Die" on January 27, 1998. The album was produced by Lars Frederiksen of Rancid. Lead singer Mike McColgan would leave the band later in the year to become a Boston firefighter (He returned to the punk scene later as the singer of the Street Dogs). + += = = Shushan District = = = +Shushan is a district in the province of Anhui in China. The district has a population of 1,022,321 inhabitants. It contains 8 subdistricts and two towns. + += = = Yaohai District = = = +Yaohai is a district in the province of Anhui in China. The district has 902,830 people. It contains 1 township, 1 town, 10 subdistricts, 1 industrial park, and 1 development zone. + += = = Luyang District = = = +Luyang is a district in the province of Anhui in China. It has 609,239 people. + += = = He County = = = +He is a county in the province of Anhui in China. It has a population of 650,000 people. + += = = Hanshan County = = = +Hanshan is a county in the province of Anhui in China. It has a population of 440,000 people. + += = = Dangtu County = = = +Dangtu is a county in the province of Anhui in China. It is the only county under the jurisdiction of Ma'anshan City. + += = = Bowang District = = = +Bowang is a district in the province of Anhui in China. It was created in September 2012 by splitting off the three towns of Bowang, Danyang, and Xinshi from Dangtu County. + += = = Yushan District = = = +Yushan is a district in the province of Anhui in China. It is under the administration of Ma'anshan city. + += = = Huashan District = = = +Huashan is a district in the province of Anhui in China. It is under the administration of Ma'anshan city. + += = = John V. Evans = = = +John Victor Evans, Sr. (January 18, 1925 – July 8, 2014) was an American politician. He was the 27th Governor of Idaho. He was governor for nearly ten years, from 1977 to 1987. + += = = Robert J. Bentley = = = +Robert Julian Bentley (born February 3, 1943) is an American politician and medical doctor. Bentley is the 53rd Governor of Alabama serving from 2011 through 2017. A member of the Republican Party, Bentley was elected Governor in 2010 and was sworn in on January 17, 2011. He resigned on April 10, 2017. +Resignation. +On April 5, 2016, Republican State Representative Ed Henry filed an impeachment resolution against Bentley in the State Legislature, in connection with allegations that Bentley engaged in an extramarital affair with a female political adviser. Bentley has admitted to making inappropriate remarks toward the woman, but denied having a physical affair. +On July 7, 2016, the House Judiciary Committee named a special counsel to lead the investigation into the impeachment charges against the governor. On April 5, 2017, the Ethics Commission found probable cause that Bentley violated both ethics and campaign finance laws. +Bentley resigned on April 10, 2017. + += = = Rick Scott = = = +Richard Lynn "Rick" Scott (born December 1, 1952) is an American politician and businessman. He is the junior United States Senator of Florida since January 8, 2019. He was the 45th Governor of Florida from 2011 to 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party. +In April 2018, Scott announced his plans to run for the United States Senate against current Senator Bill Nelson. In August 2018, Scott won the Republican nomination and soon won the general election. + += = = Nathan Deal = = = +John Nathan Deal (born August 25, 1942) is an American politician. He was the 82nd Governor of Georgia from January 2011 to January 2019. +He was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives as a Democratic Party candidate in 1992, but switched to the Republican Party in 1995. +On March 1, 2010, Deal announced his resignation from Congress to run for governor of Georgia. +Family background. +Deal's ancestors came to Georgia from Tennessee. Most were farmers in the Bulloch County area, such as the Brannens. Like fellow Georgia governors Sonny Perdue and Brian Kemp, Deal's ancestors in Georgia owned slaves. +From 1966 until her death in 2022, he was married to teacher Sandra Dunagan. They had two children. + += = = Butch Otter = = = +Clement Leroy "Butch" Otter (born May 3, 1942) is an American politician. He was the 32nd Governor of Idaho from January 2007 to January 2019. +He is a member of the Republican Party. Otter served as Lieutenant Governor of Idaho from 1987 to 2001 and as the United States Representative for Idaho's 1st congressional district from 2001 to 2007. + += = = Mike Pence = = = +Michael Richard Pence (born June 7, 1959) is an American politician and attorney. He was the 48th vice president of the United States from 2017 to 2021 under Donald Trump. Before becoming vice president, he served as the 50th governor of Indiana from 2013 to 2017. +Pence was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 2001 to 2013. He also chaired the House Republican Conference from 2009 to 2011. Pence is a longtime supporter of the Tea Party movement. He is a Republican. +On July 14, 2016, Donald Trump's campaign said that Pence would be Trump's choice for running mate in the 2016 presidential election. The Trump-Pence campaign went on to defeat the Clinton-Kaine campaign in the general election on November 8, 2016. Pence was inaugurated as Vice President of the United States on January 20, 2017. +On November 7, 2020 the Trump-Pence campaign lost their re-election bid to former Vice President Joe Biden and U.S. Senator Kamala Harris following the 2020 election. After the election Trump falsely claimed the election was corrupt and wanted Pence to overturn the election results. Pence did not do this and voted to certify Biden as the winner on January 6, 2021 in the aftermath of the United States Capitol attack. +In June 2023, Pence announced his campaign for President of the United States in the 2024 election. However, after low polling numbers, Pence ended his campaign on October 28, 2023. +Early life and education. +Pence was born at Columbus Regional Hospital in Columbus, Indiana, He was one of six children of Nancy Jane (née Cawley) and Edward J. Pence, Jr. His family were Irish Catholic Democrats. +Pence graduated from Columbus North High School in 1977. He earned a B.A. in History from Hanover College in 1981 and a J.D. from the Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law in 1986. +After graduating from law school in 1986, Pence worked as an attorney in private practice. He continued to practice law following his second unsuccessful run for Congress. +U.S. House of Representatives, 2001–2013. +In November 2000, Pence was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in Indiana's 2nd Congressional District after six-year incumbent David M. McIntosh (1995–2001) opted to run for governor of Indiana. +On November 8, 2006, Pence announced his candidacy for leader of the Republican Party (minority leader) in the United States House of Representatives. Pence's release announcing his run for minority leader focused on a "return to the values" of the 1994 Republican Revolution. On November 17, Pence lost to Representative John Boehner of Ohio by a vote of 168–27–1 (the one vote went to Representative Joe Barton of Texas). +Pence served for a time as the chairman of the Republican Study Committee. His Committee assignments in the U.S. House included: Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on Middle East and South Asia (Vice Chair); Judiciary, Subcommittee on the Constitution (Vice Chair), and Subcommittee on Intellectual Property, Competition, and the Internet. +While in Congress, Pence belonged to the Tea Party Caucus. Pence also belonged to the Congressional Internet Caucus, International Conservation Caucus, and Sportsmen's Caucus. +After the November 2010 election, Pence announced that he would not run for re-election as the Republican Conference Chairman. On May 5, 2011, Pence announced that he would seek the Republican nomination for Governor of Indiana in 2012. +Governor of Indiana, 2013–2017. +On November 6, 2012, Pence won the gubernatorial election, defeating Democratic nominee John R. Gregg and Libertarian nominee Rupert Boneham. +Pence became the 50th Governor of Indiana on January 14, 2013. +Pence made tax reform, namely a 10% income-tax rate cut, a priority for 2013. +On March 26, 2015, Pence signed Indiana Senate Bill 101, also known as the Indiana "religious objections" bill (RFRA), into law. The law's signing was met with widespread criticism by people and groups who felt the law was carefully worded in a way that would permit discrimination against LGBT persons. +As of March 2016, Pence has attempted unsuccessfully to prevent Syrian refugees from being resettled in Indiana. +Pence is running for a second term as governor. He was unopposed in the May 3, 2016, Republican primary for governor. He faces Democrat John Gregg, former Speaker of the Indiana House of Representatives, in a rematch of the 2012 race. Early reports on July 14 suggest Pence is likely to be announced as the VP candidate on July 15. +2016 vice presidential nomination. +In July 2016, Trump said that there was three people on his running mate shortlist: Chris Christie, Newt Gingrich and Pence himself. On July 14, 2016, it was reported that Trump selected Pence as his running mate. On July 15, 2016, Trump announced on his Twitter that Pence would be his running mate. He made a formal announcement in New York City on July 16, 2016. +Trump would go on to defeat Clinton in the general election making Pence the vice president-elect of the United States. +Vice President, 2017–2021. +Pence was inaugurated as the 48th vice president of the United States after being sworn in by Associate Justice Clarence Thomas on January 20, 2017. +On January 27, 2017, Pence spoke at the March for Life in Washington D.C., becoming the first vice president and the highest ranking United States official to ever speak at the annual event. +Following the Trump-supporter storming of the United States Capitol on January 6, 2021 many politicians and lawyers wanted Pence to use the 25th amendment of the United States Constitution to remove Trump from office. +Despite Trump's wanting to overturn the election results, Pence, as President of the Senate certified the Biden–Harris ticket as the winner of the election. He was criticized by Trump and threatened with violence by some of Trump's supporters, especially during the U.S. Capitol attack, for not trying to overturn the election results. +Pence's term as vice president ended on January 20, 2021. He was replaced by Kamala Harris as vice president. +2024 presidential campaign. +Since leaving office, Pence was speculated that he would run for president because of his criticisms of former President Donald Trump, especially over his handling of the Capitol riots. In June 2023, Pence filed paperwork to run for President of the United States in the 2024 election. Pence ended his campaign on October 28, 2023 after low polling numbers. +Personal life. +Pence and his wife Karen Pence have been married since 1985. They have three children: Michael, Charlotte, and Audrey. Pence is a born-again Christian. His brother, Greg, is the member of the United States House of Representatives. +In May 2021, the Pences bought a home north of Indianapolis. +In April 2021, Pence had heart surgery to have a pacemaker implanted to help stop his slow heart rate. + += = = Paul LePage = = = +Paul Richard LePage (born October 9, 1948) is an American businessman and Republican Party politician. He served as the 74th Governor of Maine from 2011 to 2019. +In April 2020, LePage announced his candidacy for governor, running against Governor Janet T. Mills in the 2022 election. He lost the election in November 2022. +He was the mayor of Waterville from 2003 to 2011, and was a city councilor prior to that. He worked as general manager of the 14-store discount chain Marden's Surplus and Salvage from 1996 until 2011. + += = = Brian Sandoval = = = +Brian Edward Sandoval (born August 5, 1963) is an American politician. He was the 29th Governor of the U.S. state of Nevada from 2011 to 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party. Sandoval is a former judge of the United States District Court for the District of Nevada. + += = = Pat McCrory = = = +Patrick Lloyd "Pat" McCrory (born October 17, 1956) is an American politician. He was the 74th Governor of North Carolina from 2013 to 2017. He served a record 14 years as the 53rd Mayor of Charlotte from 1995 to 2009, and as a city councilman from 1989 to 1995. In 2016, McCroy lost his re-election bid to Democrat Roy Cooper. +In April 2021, McCrory announced his candidacy for the United States Senate in the 2022 election to replace retiring Republican Senator Richard Burr. He lost the Republic nomination to Ted Budd in May 2022. + += = = Jack Dalrymple = = = +John Stewart "Jack" Dalrymple III (born October 16, 1948) is an American politician and businessman. He was the 32nd Governor of North Dakota from 2010 to 2016. +He was previously the 36th Lieutenant Governor of North Dakota from 2000 until December 2010. He assumed the office of Governor when then-Governor John Hoeven resigned and Dalrymple succeeded him. He has also served as a state representative, and ran for the U.S. Senate twice. + += = = Dennis Daugaard = = = +Dennis Martin Daugaard (pronounced "DEW-guard"; born June 11, 1953) is an American politician. He was the 32nd Governor of South Dakota from January 2011 to January 2019. + += = = Bill Haslam = = = +William Edward "Bill" Haslam (born August 23, 1958) is an American politician. He was the 49th Governor of Tennessee. A member of the Republican Party, Haslam was elected Governor in 2010 and was sworn in on January 15, 2011. + += = = Gary Herbert = = = +Gary Richard Herbert (born May 7, 1947) is an American politician. He is a member of the Republican Party. +In August 2009, Herbert became the 17th Governor of Utah. He left office on January 4, 2021. + += = = Vincent C. Gray = = = +Vincent Condol Gray (born November 8, 1942) is an American politician. He served as the seventh Mayor of the District of Columbia from 2011 to 2015. Gray served as Chairman of the Council of the District of Columbia, and as Councilmember for Ward 7. In the 1990s he also served as director of the DC Department of Human Services. +On April 1, 2014, he was defeated in the Democratic primary by future Mayor Muriel Bowser. + += = = American Fork, Utah = = = +American Fork is a city in Utah County, Utah. It is north of Utah Lake and northeast of Provo. The population was 33,337 at the 2020 census. + += = = Josh Earnest = = = +Josh Earnest (born March 10, 1977) is an American politician. He was the White House Assistant for Barack Obama. In June 2014, Earnest became White House Press Secretary succeeding Jay Carney. + += = = Lolo Matalasi Moliga = = = +Lolo Letalu Matalasi Moliga (born 1949) is an American Samoan politician, former educator, businessman, and former President of the Development Bank of American Samoa (DBAS) from 2009 to 2012. Moliga was a candidate for Governor of American Samoa in the 2012 election which he won. He left office in 2021. + += = = Eddie Calvo = = = +Eddie Baza Calvo (born August 29, 1961) is an American Guamanian politician. He was the Governor of the United States territory of Guam from 2011 to 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party. His father, Paul McDonald Calvo, also served as governor of Guam from 1979 through 1983. +Calvo was a five-term Senator within the Legislature of Guam. He became the Governor of Guam, having defeated Democrat Carl Gutierrez in the 2010 gubernatorial election. + += = = Eloy Inos = = = +Eloy Songao Inos (September 26, 1949 – December 28, 2015) was an American politician. He was born in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Inos, a member of the Republican Party, was the Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands. He previously served as Lieutenant Governor. +Inos died on December 28, 2015 in Seattle, Washington while recovering from open heart surgery at the age of 66. + += = = Alejandro García Padilla = = = +Alejandro Javier García Padilla (born August 3, 1971) is a Puerto Rican politician. He was the Governor of Puerto Rico from 2013 to 2017. He was elected governor in January 2013. + += = = John de Jongh = = = +John Percy de Jongh, Jr. (born 13 November 1957) is an American politician. He was the Governor of the U.S. Virgin Islands from 2007 to 2015. He is a member of the Democratic Party. + += = = Paint Creek, Texas = = = +Paint Creek is an unincorporated community in southeast Haskell County, Texas, United States, in north central Texas. + += = = Cypress, California = = = +Cypress is a suburb city in the northern region of Orange County in Southern California. Its population was 50,151 at the 2020 census. + += = = John Stamos = = = +John Phillip Stamos ( ; born on August 19, 1963) is an American actor, singer and musician. He is best known for his work in television, especially in his role as Jesse Katsopolis on the ABC sitcom "Full House" and as Dr. Tony Gates in the medical drama "ER". + += = = Don Stark = = = +Donald "Don" Stark (born July 5, 1954) is an American actor. He is known for his role as Bob Pinciotti on the long-running Fox Network sitcom "That '70s Show" for all eight seasons (1998-2006) and as fictional Los Angeles Devils owner Oscar Kinkade in "Hit the Floor". He also has an extensive background in dancing, bodybuilding and martial arts. + += = = Cypress, Texas = = = +Cypress is an unincorporated community in Harris County, Texas, United States. It is also a suburb of Houston, Texas. As of 2020, the population was at 184,851 people. It includes neighborhoods such as Coles Crossing, and has schools such as Farney Elementary, Goodson Middle School, Spillane Middle School, and Cy-Woods High School. The main school district for this area is Cypress Fairbanks Independent School District. + += = = UEFA Euro 1996 = = = +The UEFA Euro 1996 was the 10th UEFA European Football Championship tournament. Its formal name was the "1996 UEFA European Football Championship". It was held in 8 June to 30 June. All the European football teams could compete. The defending champion was Denmark. The tournament was hosted in England. 16 teams were qualified for the final group stage. The winner of the tournament was Germany after defeating Czech Republic. +Qualification. +Qualification began in September 1994 and ended in December 1995. The following teams qualified: +Group stage. +Group C. +"Czech Republic was placed on top of Italy because of their previous match against each other (2 – 1)" + += = = David Azrieli = = = +David Joshua Azrieli, (; May 10, 1922 – July 9, 2014) was a Polish-born Canadian-Israeli real estate tycoon, developer, designer, architect, and philanthropist. +He had an estimated net worth of $US 3.1 billion (as of March 2013). Forbes ranked Azrieli as the 9th wealthiest Canadian and 401st in the world. +He died on July 9, 2014 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, aged 92. + += = = Weston, Massachusetts = = = +Weston is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States in the Boston metro area. The population of Weston, as of the 2020 U.S. Census, was 11,851. + += = = Adam Wood = = = +Adam Kenneth Compton Wood (born 13 March 1955) is a retired British diplomat. He is the current Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man. +Career. +Wood was born on 13 March 1955. He was educated at the Royal Grammar School, High Wycombe and graduated from Oriel College, Oxford in 1977. Wood's later career consisted of major diplomatic roles in Africa. He was the British High Commissioner to Uganda from 2002 to 2005. He then served as High Commissioner to Kenya from 2005 to 2008. Prior to his retirement from the diplomatic service in 2010, he was Africa Director at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. At this post he managed Britain's embassies in Africa. Wood was announced as Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man in November 2010, and was sworn in on 7 April 2011. He is married to Catherine Richardson. They have one daughter, born in 2009. + += = = Six Flags New Orleans = = = +Six Flags New Orleans, also shortened to SFNO, is an abandoned theme park in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. The park opened on May 20, 2000 and was first known as Jazzland. The name was changed to Six Flags New Orleans on April 12, 2003 after Six Flags got the lease in March 2002. The park has been closed since just before Hurricane Katrina struck New Orleans in August 2005. It is currently owned by the City of New Orleans. After seeing the damage that was caused by Katrina, Six Flags tried to end their 75-year lease with the city in July 2006. They succeeded in September 2009. The abandoned park is a popular urban exploration spot. +There have been many different plans announced to redevelop the site such as reviving and expanding the park, creating a Nickelodeon-branded theme/water park, reviving the park as "Jazzland", and an upscale outlet mall but it still an abandoned amusement park. +In 2023, plans were approved by the city for Bayou Phoenix to begin redeveloping the land. + += = = Stygotantulus = = = +Stygotantulus stocki is the smallest crustacean in the world. It is less than . +It is an ectoparasite on two families of copepods. + += = = Marco Antonio Rodríguez = = = +Marco Antonio Rodríguez (born 10 November 1973 in Mexico City) is a retired Mexican association football referee. +He refereed the famous 2014 FIFA World Cup semi-final in which Germany defeated Brazil 7-1. + += = = Swing Out Sister = = = +Swing Out Sister are a British pop music group. They are known for songs such as "Breakout" and "Twilight World". Some songs by the group are covers of past hit songs. +Swing Out Sister started in 1985 in Manchester. + += = = Born to Sing (album) = = = +Born to Sing is a 1990 R&B studio album from American music group En Vogue. It had several hit songs, including "Hold On", "You Don't Have to Worry". +Several songs on the album sample past songs. +This album was released in April 1990. + += = = Charlotte County, New Brunswick = = = +Charlotte County (2011 population 26,549) is a county in the southwestern part of New Brunswick, Canada. It is divided into six municipalities and fourteen parishes. +There are two islands near Charlotte County which are disputed by Canada and the United States Those islands are Machias Seal Island and North Rock. + += = = Queen Charlotte Sound = = = +Queen Charlotte Sound is a sound of the Pacific Ocean in British Columbia, Canada. It is between Vancouver Island in the south and Haida Gwaii (formerly Queen Charlotte Islands) in the north. It merges with Hecate Strait in the north and Queen Charlotte Strait in the south. It has access to Johnstone Strait and Discovery Passage through Queen Charlotte Strait. + += = = Cynthia, Alberta = = = +Cynthia is a hamlet in central Alberta, Canada. It is part of Brazeau County. It is about south of Highway 16 and southwest of Edmonton. In 2005, 50 people lived there. + += = = Central Alberta = = = +Central Alberta is a region in the Canadian province of Alberta. It completely surrounds the Edmonton Capital Region. Central Alberta is the most densely populated rural area in the province. Agriculture and energy make up an important part of the economy. +The North Saskatchewan River flows through the region. The Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park is also located in the region. + += = = Castelsarrasin = = = +Castelsarrasin () is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Occitanie region of France. It is the second city in Tarn-et-Garonne with more people living in it, after Montauban. +It is a subprefecture in the department and the capital of the Castelsarrasin "arrondissement". +History. +The oldest written example of "Castelsarrasin", as "Castel Sarracenum", is from the year 961. It was written in the will of Raymond II of Rouergue where he gave the "Saint-Sauveur" church to the monastery of Moissac. +"Castel Sarracenum" ("Saracen Castle") was given that name because the castle was built in the Saracen era. +There were many wars during the early history of the city: +Later, the Hundred Years' War affected the region. Most people that lived in the city were Catholics but many Protestants lived around the city. Fights were common here between those two groups during the French Wars of Religion in the 16th century. +The region was more calm during the following centuries, up to the time of the French Revolution. +From 1790 to 1795, Castelsarrasin was the capital of the District of Castelsarrasin in the Haute-Garonne department. In 1808, when the Tarn-et-Garonne department was created, the arrondissement of Castelsarrasin was made part of the new department. +Geography. +Castelsarrasin is near the Garonne river, which runs through the southwest of the commune. The city is at to the west of Montauban, "préfecture" of the department. +It has an area of and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is . +The "communes" that are around Castelsarrasin are Saint-Nicolas-de-la-Grave, Moissac, Les Barthes, La Ville-Dieu-du-Temple, Saint-Porquier, Cordes-Tolosannes, Saint-Aignan, Castelferrus and Castelmayran. +Climate. +The climate of Castelsarrasin, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers. +Population. +The inhabitants of Castelsarrasin are known, in French, as "Castelsarrasinois" (women: "Castelsarrasinoises"). +With a population in 2014 of 13,765, Castelsarrasin has a population density of inhabitants/km2. +Evolution of the population in Castelsarrasin +Administration. +Castelsarrasin is a subprefecture of the Tarn-et-Garonne department since 1809. It is also the capital of the "arrondissement" of Castelsarrasin and the administrative centre () of the canton Castelsarrasin with 6 "communes" and 20,937 inhabitants in 2014. +It is part of the intercommunality "Terres des confluences". +Twin cities. +Castelsarrasin is a twin town of: +Places of interest. +Some interesting places in Castelsarrasin are: + += = = Elsa (Disney) = = = +Elsa is the Queen of Arendelle in the Disney movie "Frozen". For most of the movie, she is voiced by singer and actress Idina Menzel. However, "Young Elsa" is voiced by Eva Bella, and "Teen Elsa" is voiced by Spencer Lacey Ganus. Elsa has a sister named Anna who is younger than her. +Elsa was born with magic powers. She freezes everything that she touches. When she can't control them, she shuts herself away from everyone. +About. +This is what the Official Frozen Website says about Elsa: +"From the outside, Elsa (voice of Idina Menzel) looks poised, regal and reserved, but in reality, she lives in fear as she wrestles with a mighty secret." +Appearances. +Elsa is based on the main character of the story The Snow Queen. In the movie, Elsa is born with ice powers and hurts her sister Anna, causing her parents to lock her up in her room for her young life. Elsa's parents die, and Elsa becomes the queen, but escapes to finally have freedom for herself and avoid hurting people with her ice powers. When Elsa accidentally freezes the kingdom, she flees to a far-off mountain. Anna goes after her sister. +Trivia. +Elsa was the hardest character Disney had ever made. For example, a normal person has 100,000 hairs on her head, but Elsa has 420,000 hairs on her head. +Reception. +Elsa's song "Let It Go" received many positive reviews from viewers and critics. + += = = Lloydminster = = = +Lloydminster is a city in Canada. Part of it is in Alberta and part of it is in Saskatchewan. +The city was founded in 1903. It was named for George Lloyd, who was the Anglican Bishop of Saskatchewan in the 1920s. At the time, the area was part of the Northwest Territories. People expected the area to become a single province. Instead, the area was split into two provinces, with the border along the 110th meridian west, which ran down the center of the town. + += = = Anglican Church of Canada = = = +The Anglican Church of Canada is the member church of the Anglican Communion in Canada. In 2007, it had over 545,000 members in 1,676 parishes. It is the third largest church in Canada, after the Roman Catholic Church and the United Church of Canada. +English settlers brought the Church of England with them when they settled Canada in the 1500s. Until the 1830s, the Canadian church was completely under the control of the Church of England: the Church of England appointed all Canadian bishops and all funding for the Canadian church came from the British parliament. + += = = Funky Divas = = = +Funky Divas is a new jack swing-R&B studio album from 1992 by American group En Vogue. The album had the songs "Free Your Mind", "My Lovin' (You're Never Gonna Get It)" and "Giving Him Something He Can Feel". It sold five million records worldwide. +This album was released on March 24, 1992. + += = = Estádio Nacional Mané Garrincha = = = +The Estádio Nacional Mané Garrincha is a stadium in Brasília, Brazil. It was one of the main stadiums used in the 2014 FIFA World Cup. +References. +<br> + += = = Jini Dellaccio = = = +Jini Dellaccio (née Duckworth; January 31, 1917 – July 3, 2014) is an American photographer. He is best known for her images of rock and pop acts of the 1960s. Her photographs of the Sonics, the Wailers, Merrilee Rush, the Daily Flash and many others were used for album covers, posters, and publicity stills. + += = = Plínio de Arruda Sampaio = = = +Plínio Soares de Arruda Sampaio (July 26, 1930 – July 8, 2014) was a Brazilian intellectual and political activist. He was with the Partido Socialismo e Liberdade (PSOL). He ran as a candidate for the presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil in 2010. +Sampaio was born in São Paulo, Brazil. +He graduated from the University of São Paulo School of Law in 1954. He was president of the Catholic University Youth and was an active member of Popular Action. +He has been a prosecutor, deputy in the 1988 Constituent Assembly and chaired the Brazilian Association for Land Reform (ABRA), an institution that fights for land reform in Brazil. He also directed the weekly newspaper Correio da Cidadania. +Sampaio died in a hospital in São Paulo, Brazil from bone cancer. He had cancer for about a month. He was 83 years old. + += = = Prosopagnosia = = = +Prosopagnosia, also called face blindness, is a condition where a person cannot recognize faces, "even their own". At first it was thought to be a condition caused by severe brain damage (acquired prosopagnosia). It may be caused by a head injury to the temporal lobe of the brain. +However, a congenital (inherited birth defect) or developmental form of the disorder does exist, with a prevalence rate of 2.5%. That is quite a high rate. What this defect shows is that our picture of the world is built up by various brain systems, and we do not notice how this is done. It seems seamless and automatic. Actually, there are many brain mechanisms which normally work together, tying the visual scene to memory so that we recall vital information. It is difficult to think of anything more vital than remembering who we know, and what their relationship is to us. +"People with prosopagnosia never develop the ability to recognize faces". They may be able to rely on other physical features, such as the way someone walks and talks, their hair color, their height and build, etc. Prosopagnosia is not curable or treatable. +The opposite of prosopagnosia is the skill of superior face recognition ability. People with this ability are called "super recognizers". +Cause. +Prosopagnosia can be caused by lesions (damage or changes to body tissue) in the lower part of the brain. It can also be caused by damaging the nerves in the lower part of the brain, called 'acquired prosopagnosia'. It can be caused by birth defects, carbon monoxide poisoning, encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), Parkinson's disease, or Alzheimer's disease. +Doctors can check patients for prosopagnosia by using PET and fMRI scans to see if their brain reacts when they see faces. +An analysis of family inheritance (pedigree trees) suggest that a dominant gene mutation may be the root cause of the condition when it is present from birth. This mode of inheritance explains why HPA is so common among certain families. +An account of a woman who cannot recognise her own face is an example of prosopagnosia. Its special interest is that she can recognise all inanimate objects, and all animals except humans and chimpanzees! + += = = Tokyo Decadence = = = +Tokyo Decadence is a Japanese erotic 1991 pink movie. The movie is about four sex sequences. +Plot. +A timid Japanese college student works as a specialty prostitute. She does this for an exclusive escort agency that caters to wealthy Japanese men in Tokyo. To please her clients, she plays out elaborate fantasy scenarios with sadomasochism and bondage. +Controversy. +This movie has been banned or refused classification in South Korea and Australia. It is rated NC-17 for sadomasochistic sex content. + += = = Pink movie = = = +The term pink movie (or pink film) refers to Japanese movies having sexual or adult content. This term means anything from drama movies to violent movies. The so-called "pink movies" are part of ongoing cycles of movies rather than an actual genre. +The pink movie scene first began around World War II. + += = = Giovannino Guareschi = = = +Giovannino Oliviero Giuseppe Guareschi (; 1 May 1908 – 22 July 1968) was an Italian journalist, cartoonist and humorist. He was known for creating the priest Don Camillo and the production of its movies. + += = = Peter Riegert = = = +Peter Riegert (born April 11, 1947) is an American actor, screenwriter, and movie director. He is best known for his roles as Donald "Boon" Schoenstein from "Animal House", the fast talking gangster Aldo in "Oscar", the tough Lt. Kellaway in "The Mask", and crooked New Jersey State Assemblyman Ronald Zellman on the HBO original series "The Sopranos", and "Mac" MacIntyre, in "Local Hero". + += = = L.I.E. = = = +L.I.E. is a 2001 American drama movie. The movie is about a relationship between a 15-year old boy and a pedophile. The title is an acronym for "Long Island Expressway". +"L.I.E." received an NC-17 rating from the MPAA. The rating was surrendered, meaning that the filmmakers preferred to release the movie without a rating instead of releasing it with the NC-17 rating. Later, an edited R-rated version was also released. + += = = John Ellis (baseball) = = = +John Charles Ellis (August 21, 1948 – April 5, 2022) was an American professional baseball player. He played as a first baseman and catcher in Major League Baseball from 1969 to 1981. He played for the New York Yankees, Cleveland Indians, and Texas Rangers. +Ellis died on April 5, 2022 from cancer at a hospital in New Haven, Connecticut at the age of 73. + += = = Michael Neidorff = = = +Michael F. Neidorff (1943 – April 7, 2022) was an American business executive. From 1996 until March 2022, he was the CEO of Centene Corp. +Neidorff was listed on Fortune's Businessperson of the year list in 2017. +In April 2020, Neidorff joined the White House economic recovery task force on reopening the United States after the COVID-19 pandemic. +Neidorff died on April 7, 2022, at the age of 79. + += = = Bergedorf = = = +Bergedorf () is a borough of Hamburg, Germany. In 2020 the population of the borough was 130,994. + += = = Rayfield Wright = = = +Larry Rayfield Wright (August 23, 1945 – April 7, 2022) was an American professional football player. He was an offensive tackle for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL) for 13 seasons from 1967 until 1979. He is a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame. Wright was born in Griffin, Georgia. +Wright was diagnosed with early-onset dementia in 2013. He died on April 7, 2022 in Fort Worth, Texas at the age of 76. + += = = W. V. D. Hodge = = = +Sir William Vallance Douglas Hodge (; 17 June 1903 – 7 July 1975 G) was a geometer. +Works. +He discovered deep topological relations between algebraic and differential geometry. This is an area of harmonics now called Hodge theory. It is used in manifolds. It had big sway in academic geometry for several generations of mathematics education. + += = = Tony Knowles = = = +Anthony Carroll Knowles (born January 1, 1943) is an American politician and businessman. He was the Governor of Alaska from 1994 to 2002. He ran unsuccessfully for the United States Senate in 2004 and again for governor in 2006. +In 2008, Knowles was seen as a possible candidate for U.S. Secretary of Energy or U.S. Secretary of the Interior under the Barack Obama administration. + += = = Arliss Sturgulewski = = = +Jane Arliss Sturgulewski ("née" Wright; September 27, 1927 – April 7, 2022) was an American Republican politician and businesswoman. She was born in Ferndale, Washington. Sturgulewski was a member of the Alaska Senate from 1979 until 1993. She was the unsuccessful Republican nominee for Governor of Alaska two times in 1986 and 1990. +Sturgulewski was hospitalized on April 5, 2022 in Anchorage, Alaska. She died two days later, aged 94. + += = = Ferndale, Washington = = = +Ferndale is a city in Whatcom County, Washington, United States. The population was 15,048 at the 2020 census. + += = = Wally Hickel = = = +Walter Joseph Hickel (August 18, 1919 – May 7, 2010) was an American businessman, real estate developer, and Republican politician. He was the 2nd and 8th Governor of Alaska from 1966 until 1969 and again from 1990 until 1994. He was also the United States Secretary of the Interior from 1969 until 1970 during the Richard Nixon administration. +Hickel died on May 7, 2010 in Anchorage, Alaska at the age of 90. + += = = William A. Egan = = = +William Allen Egan (October 8, 1914 – May 6, 1984) was an American Democratic politician. He was the first and the fourth governor of the State of Alaska from January 3, 1959 to 1966 and 1970 to 1974. +Egan died on May 6, 1984 at the age of 69 from lung cancer in Anchorage, Alaska. + += = = Jay Hammond = = = +Jay Sterner Hammond (July 21, 1922 – August 2, 2005) was an American politician of the Republican Party, who served as the fourth governor of Alaska from 1974 to 1982. +Hammond survived a rafting accident on August 6, 1988, while shooting an episode of the series on the Tana River in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park. + += = = Port Alsworth, Alaska = = = +Port Alsworth is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake and Peninsula Borough, Alaska, United States. It is by air southwest of Anchorage. The population was 186 at the 2020 census. + += = = King Salmon, Alaska = = = +King Salmon is a census-designated place (CDP) in Bristol Bay Borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is southwest of Anchorage. As of the 2020 census the population was 307. It is home to Katmai National Park and Preserve. +King Salmon is the borough seat of neighboring Lake and Peninsula Borough, Alaska. + += = = Naknek, Alaska = = = +Naknek () is a census-designated place located in and the borough seat of Bristol Bay Borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population of the CDP was 470. + += = = Ellinwood, Kansas = = = +Ellinwood is a city in Barton County, Kansas, United States. In the 2020 census, the population of the city was 2,011. + += = = John A. Burns = = = +John Anthony Burns (March 30, 1909 – April 5, 1975) was an American Democratic politician. Burns was the second governor of Hawaii from 1962 to 1974. He almost lost his primary re-election nomination. + += = = William F. Quinn = = = +William Francis Quinn (July 13, 1919 – August 28, 2006) was an American lawyer and politician. He was the 12th and last governor of the Territory of Hawaii from 1957 to 1959 and the first governor of the State of Hawaii from 1959 to 1962. +Quinn died on August 28, 2006 in Honolulu, Hawaii at the age of 87. + += = = Trachycephalus helioi = = = +Trachycephalus heloi is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have only seen it in one place. + += = = Displacement current = = = +In electromagnetism, displacement current density is the quantity ∂D/∂"t" appearing in Maxwell's equations that is defined in terms of the rate of change of D, the electric displacement field. + += = = 1986 enlargement of the European Communities = = = +Spain and Portugal joined the European Communities, now the European Union, in 1986. This was the third enlargement of the Communities. + += = = Xenohyla = = = +Xenohyla is a genus of tree frogs in the family Hylidae. They live in deserts and other dry places in the middle of Brazil, not far from the Atlantic Ocean. "Xenohyla eugenioi" lives in the State of Bahia and the State of Sergipe, and "Xenohyla truncata" lives in the State of Rio de Janeiro. These frogs have strong bodies, wide flat heads, short faces, short front legs, and a body that looks short from above. They live near bromeliad plants, where they hide during the day. They eat the insects that also live in the plant. They lay eggs in temporary pools of water that are formed by rainwater. Both species are orange or brown with a white stripe down the edges of their backs. "X. truncata" loses this stripe when it becomes an adult but "X. eugenioi" keeps it as an adult. +"Xenohyla truncata" is the only known amphibian that eats fruit. It finds the fruit and swallows it whole. The seeds from the fruit come out of its body in its waste, which helps the plant spread. This frog also eats insects and other animals without bones. How much depends on the time of year. It eats more fruits when the plants grow fruit and more small animals when they do not. Scientists do not know whether or not "Xenohyla eugenioi" eats fruit too. +The genus name comes from Ancient Greek xeno (����� meaning "strange" or "alien") and hyla (��� meaning "wood" or "forest") which is used for tree frogs, so the genus name means "strange tree frog." "Xenohyla truncata" means "strange truncated tree frog" after the short shape of its body. "Xenohyla eugenioi" is named after Brazilian amphibian scientist Eugênio Izecksohn who wrote the first formal paper about the genus and type species. The name means "Eugênio's strange tree frog." +Species. +There are two species in this genus: + += = = St. Andrew's Cross = = = +The St. Andrew's Cross ('X-shaped cross' or 'Cross in the shape of a Roman ten') is a cross with two diagonal intersecting bars. It cross consists of slanting beams (also of different lengths), the term sloping cross is also used. There is this cross often at a level crossing. +The name refers to the apostle Andrew, who is said to have died as a martyr on such a cross, reports from the 4th century suggest. The diagonal cross has therefore become an attribute of this apostle and found expression in religion and especially in late medieval Christian iconography. Originally a symbol of the crossed sticks of the fire sacrificial altar, it can also be found in depictions of the sacrifice of Isaac. It also contains the Greek letter Chi (�) as a symbol for Christ, as in the Christ monogram. Especially in early Christian times, the St. Andrew's cross was often used for the name of Christ, e.g. B. was used as an identifier. +Symbolism. +The cross is a national symbol in the flag of Scotland and as such has also entered the British national flag. The flag of the Basque Country also has such an element. +Also, as a traditional Orthodox symbol, the St. Andrew's Cross has become part of the flag of the Russian Navy (naval warfare flag). +In heraldry, the St. Andrew's Cross is also called tray cross. The common figures arranged crosswise are then placed in tiers (also tiered) or diagonally crossed. The cross can also appear as a herald image in the coat of arms and follows the possible representation of crosses. An older heraldic expression is the shield ten, based on the Roman ten (X), which reflects the shape of the St. Andrew's Cross. In a narrower and smaller version, the herbalist uses the French term flan chis, as in the Amsterdam coat of arms. + += = = Oj, svijetla majska zoro = = = +"Oj, svijetla majska zoro" (Cyrillic: ��, �������� ������ ����; "Oh, Bright Dawn of May") is the national anthem of Montenegro adopted in 2004. It was a popular folk song with many variations of its text. The oldest version dates back to the second half of the 19th century. + += = = Sauro Pazzaglia = = = +Sauro Pazzaglia (26 May 1954 - 14 July 1981) is an Italian professional Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. +Death. +Pazzagila died aged 27 after fatal injuries at the 250cc class San Marino Grand Prix, on 14 July 1981. +The 1981 San Marino Grand Prix was held on the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari circuit located in Imola, Italy, between 12-15 July 1981. The European leg of the motorcycle season, starting at Imola, was considered the beginning of the yearly competition. +Crash. +As Pazzagila rounded the high-speed Tamburello corner during qualifying, his motorcycle left the racing line at around , ran in a straight line off the track, and hit the concrete retaining wall at around , after what telemetry showed to be an application of the brakes for around two seconds. The red flag not allowed was shown as a consequence of the accident. +Rescue. +Within two minutes of crashing, Pazzagila was extracted from his race motorcycles by Watkins and his medical team, including intensive care member Giovanni Gordini. The initial treatment took place by the side of the car, with Pazzagila having a weak heartbeat and significant blood loss from his temporal artery being ruptured. At this point, Pazzagila had already lost around 4.5 litres of blood, 90% of his blood volume. Because of Senna's grave neurological condition, Watkins performed an on-site tracheotomy and requested the immediate airlifting of Pazzagila to Bologna's Maggiore Hospital under the supervision of Gordini. +Hospital announcement. +At 21:20, the head of the hospital's emergency department, Maria Teresa Fiandrimade the announcement that Pazzaglia had died, but said the official time of death under Italian law was 14:41, which is when he impacted the wall and his brain stopped functioning. Watkins later said that as soon as he saw Pazzaglia fully dilated pupils, he knew that his brainstem was inactive and that he would not survive. +Comparison. +These crashes were the worst of several that took place that weekend and were the first fatal collisions to occur during a motorsports race event (and not repeated until the fatal crash of Roland Ratzenberger and Ayrton Senna at the 1994 San Marino Grand Prix at Formula One). +Funeral. +Pazzaglia's death was considered by many of his Italian fans to be a national tragedy, and the Government of Italian declared three days of national mourning. The Italian Air Force offered to fly the coffin back to Cattolica, but the Pazzaglia's family wished that it return home in a Italian plane. Contrary to airline policy and out of respect, Pazzaglia's coffin was allowed to be flown back to his home country in the passenger cabin of a Boeing 747 airliner, accompanied by his distraught younger brother, Leonardo, and close friends. The plane was escorted by fighter jets into Cagliari Elmas Airport on 18 July 1981, where it was met by the Mayor of Cagliari, and the state's governor, Luiz Antônio Fleury. The coffin was carried by soldiers from the Air Force Police to a fire engine, where eight cadets from the Military Police Academy mounted guard as it carried the coffin on the 20-mile (32.2 km) journey into the city. Leading the motorcade were 17 police motorbikes, and 2,500 policemen lined the route to keep the crowds at bay. + += = = List of scientists from Argentina = = = +This is a short list of notable scientists from Argentina. + += = = Mobile news = = = +Mobile news is creating and sending news by mobile devices. +Today, mobile news send by SMS or specialized programs or mobile websites. According to a recent market study across six countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK, and US), 16.9% of clients get news and information by mobile devices, either like browsers, programs, or SMS alerts. +The need for mobile news is growing quickly. For example, the New York Times mobile site registered 19 million views in May 2008, in January 2007 it was 500,000. +From 2014 many media companies creates their native mobile programs. So many users in the whole world can get quick and short news. +Mobile news also sends the power of breaking news reporting. Mobile phones are more easily used than radio, TV or newspapers. Mobile telephony also helps activism and citizen journalism. Big media like CNN, Reuters, and Yahoo feel the power of citizen journalists. +The creation of mobile news receiving text alerts. Now, social media makes content creation easy and accessible. + += = = Serhiy Zhadan = = = +Serhiy Viktorovych Zhadan (Ukrainian: ������� ����������� ������; born 23 August 1974) is a Ukrainian poet, novelist, essayist, and translator. +Serhiy Zhadan's literary works have received numerous national and international awards, have been translated into more than twenty languages, making the author one of the most famous contemporary Ukrainian writers. Serhiy Zhadan is also an active organizer of the literary life of Ukraine and a participant in multimedia art projects. In 2017, he founded the Serhiy Zhadan Charitable Foundation. +After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Zhadan remained in his hometown of Kharkiv, helping to organize humanitarian aid. + += = = Griff Rhys Jones = = = +Griffith Rhys Jones (born 16 November 1953) is a Welsh comedian, writer, actor, and television presenter. He starred in a number of television series with his comedy partner, Mel Smith. +Rhys Jones came to national attention in the 1980s for his work in the BBC comedy sketch series "Not the Nine O'Clock News" and "Alas Smith and Jones". With Smith, he co-founded the television production company Talkback Productions. It is now part of RTL Group. In 2005, he created the production company Modern Television. +Rhys Jones also worked as a television presenter and writer while he was acting. From 2008 to 2016, he presented the television bloopers show "It'll be Alright on the Night" for ITV. He replaced Denis Norden.Norden had hosted the series for almost 30 years. Rhys Jones was replaced in 2018 by David Walliams. + += = = Feminist Anti-War Resistance = = = +Feminist Anti-War Resistance (FAR, Russian: ������������ ����������� �������������) is a group of Russian feminists founded in February 2022 to protest the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 during the Russo-Ukrainian War. Attracting more than 26,000 followers on Telegram. +On March 8, 2022, International Women's Day, the Feminist Anti-War Resistance organized the laying of flowers by women — chrysanthemums and tulips tied with blue and yellow ribbons — near the war monuments:"We, the women of Russia, refuse to celebrate March 8 this year: do not give us flowers, it is better to take to the streets and lay them in memory of the fallen civilians of Ukraine."Protests took place in 94 cities in Russia and abroad, including St. Petersburg, Moscow, Vladivostok, Yekaterinburg, Perm, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Yaroslavl, Syktyvkar, Smolensk, Izhevsk, Volgograd, Nizhny Novgorod, Gelendzhik, Kazan, Saratov, Biysk, Khimki, Chelyabinsk, Krasnodar, Novovoronezh, Vologda, Vladimir, Stavropol, Arkhangelsk, Yoshkar-Ola, Rostov-on-Don, Cheboksary, etc. + += = = Kastuś Kalinoŭski Battalion = = = +The Kastuś Kalinoŭski Battalion (Ukrainian: ��������� ����� ������� �������������, Belarusian: �������� ��� ������� ������������) is a group of Belarusian volunteers, which was formed to defend Ukraine against the 2022 Russian invasion. +It is named after Kastus Kalinowski — one of the leaders of the national liberation uprising of Belarusians, Poles, Lithuanians and Ukrainians, the national hero of Belarus. +As of March 2022, it was reported that more than a thousand Belarusians have joined the unit. +In September 2022, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus recognized the Internet resources of the unit as an extremist group. + += = = Martial law in Ukraine = = = +Martial law in Ukraine is a special legal regime imposed in the event of a threat to national security. +The introduction of martial law was proposed by the National Security and Defense Council, approved by the President, and approved by a decision of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. +President Volodymyr Zelenskyy declared martial law on 24 February 2022, after the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Speaking on television shortly before 7 a.m. he said that able-bodied men from 18–60 years old were not allowed to leave the country as the country began a general mobilization of all reserve forces. +On February 26, Kyiv Mayor Vitali Klitschko declared a curfew from 5pm to 8am every day to expose Russian subversives. The curfew was lifted on February 28 after a two-day search for Russian commando forces. + += = = Marking of military equipment of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation = = = +Marking of military equipment of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation involved in Russia's invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. +Symbols V and Z were called swastikas in the media and were banned by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine as symbols of the military invasion of Ukraine by the Russian neo-Nazi totalitarian regime. Also banned in some countries. +As a militarist symbol, the "Z" has been used in Russian propaganda, and by Russian civilians as a sign of support for the invasion. Outside Russia, the symbol has been banned from public display in several states. The "Z" symbol has been called a "zwastika" in the media, derived from the word "swastika". + += = = Slava Ukraini = = = +Glory to Ukraine! (Ukrainian: ����� �������!, "Sláva Ukrayíni!", [ˈsɫaʋɐ ʊkrɐˈjinji]) is a Ukrainian national salute, known as a symbol of Ukrainian sovereignty and resistance and as the official salute of the Armed Forces of Ukraine since 2018. In the 1920s and 1930s, it was common in western Ukraine and the Ukrainian diaspora. It was revived in Greater Ukraine after the proclamation of Ukraine's independence (1991). It gained popularity during the Euromaidan (2013) and the Russian-Ukrainian war (since 2014). The salute Slava Ukraini is a military salute in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and in the National Police since 2018. + += = = List of Austrian scientists = = = +This is a list of scientists from Austria. + += = = Kamen Rider Ghost = = = +Kamen Rider Ghost is a Japanese tokusatsu drama, Kamen Rider Series. +Schedule. +Super Hero Time aired alongside "Shuriken Sentai Ninninger" and later "Doubutsu Sentai Zyuohger". + += = = U-24 (association) = = = +U-24 is Ukraine's initiative to end the conflict immediately, voiced by President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. +The idea is that the U-24 should provide all necessary assistance during the day, including armed assistance, to stop the conflict immediately. +In addition, such an association "could provide assistance to those who are experiencing natural disasters, man-made disasters. Who fell victim to a humanitarian crisis or epidemic". +The idea is that the U-24 should provide all necessary assistance, including armed assistance, within a 24 hour response window. + += = = Trostianets = = = +Trostianets (also Trostyanets; Ukrainian: ����������) is a city in the Sumy Oblast in Ukraine, and serves as the administrative center of the Trostianets Raion. +Many were killed and the city was badly damaged during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. +Trostianets was a settlement in the Akhtyrka Uyezd. It arose in the first half of the 17th century, during a new wave of migration of peasants and Cossacks from the Right-bank Ukraine to Sloboda Ukraine. The name of the city is associated with the name of the river Trostyanka, which flows nearby. +During World War II, the city was occupied by Axis troops from October 1941 to August 1943. In January 1989 the population was 25,706 people. +During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Trostianets — strategically located between the larger settlements of Sumy and Kharkiv — was attacked by Russian forces shortly after the invasion was launched on 24 February and was captured by them on 1 March 2022. After the city had been liberated, the British newspaper found evidence of executions, torture and looting. + += = = Peng Ming-min = = = +Peng Ming-min (; 15 August 19238 April 2022) was a Taiwanese democracy activist and politician. He was a supporter of Taiwan independence. Peng was born in modern-day Dajia District, Taichung, Taiwan. +Peng was arrested for sedition in 1964 for printing materials for pro-democracy protests. He escaped to Sweden and became a university professor in the United States. After 22 years in exile, he returned to become the Democratic Progressive Party's first presidential candidate in Taiwan's first direct presidential election in 1996. +Peng was the Senior Adviser to the President Chen Shui-bian. +Peng died on 8 April 2022 in Kaohsiung, Taiwan at the age of 98. + += = = Taiwan independence movement = = = +The Taiwan independence movement is a political movement which supports an independent and sovereign Taiwanese state. People who support this movement are against the idea of "Two Chinas" or Taiwan being part of China. +Currently, Taiwan's political status is mixed. China says it is a province of the People's Republic of China. Taiwan and other islands are currently under the control of the Republic of China (ROC), a country that has official diplomatic relations with and is recognized by 13 United Nations-recognized countries. Today, Taiwan says it is already an independent country, and therefore does not have to push for any sort of formal independence. + += = = Bussang = = = +Bussang is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Vosges department in northeast France. + += = = Lien Chan = = = +Lien Chan (; born 27 August 1936) is a Taiwanese politician. He was the Chairman of the Taiwan Provincial Government from 1990 to 1993, Premier of the Republic of China from 1993 to 1997, Vice President of Taiwan from 1996 to 2000, and was the Chairman of the Kuomintang (KMT) from 2000 to 2005. + += = = Garibaldi Alves = = = +Garibaldi Alves (27 May 1923 – 7 April 2022) was a Brazilian politician. He represented Rio Grande do Norte in the Federal Senate from 2011 to 2014. He was vice-governor of Rio Grande do Norte from 1987 to 1991. He was a member of the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party. Alves was also a member of the Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Norte from 1957 until 1969. Alves was born in Angicos, Brazil. +Alves died on 7 April 2022 in Natal, Brazil at the age of 98. + += = = Angicos = = = +Angicos is a city in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. It in the Northeast region of Brazil. + += = = Kramatorsk railway station attack = = = +The Kramatorsk railway bombing was the launching of two missiles at the Kramatorsk railway station in the Ukrainian city of Kramatorsk, Donetsk Oblast on April 8, 2022 during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. +At least 50 people were killed and 87 to 300 people were injured. +Ukraine said that the attacks were done by Russia, however Russia denied this and says that Ukraine did the attack on themselves to blame Russia. + += = = Kramatorsk = = = +Kramatorsk ( ) is a city and the administrative centre of Kramatorsk Raion in the northern portion of Donetsk Oblast, in eastern Ukraine. + += = = Viamão = = = +Viamão is an Brazilian city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Its area is 1,494.263 km2 and 256,302 people lived here in 2020. + += = = War in Donbas (2014–2022) = = = +The war in Donbas, or the Donbas War, is an armed conflict in the Donbas region of Ukraine, part of the Russo-Ukrainian War. +In March 2014, after the Euromaidan protest movement, protests by pro-Russian, anti-government separatist groups took place in the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts of Ukraine. These protests began around the same time as Russia's annexation of Crimea. + += = = Meme coin = = = +A meme coin (also spelled memecoin) is a cryptocurrency that becomes an Internet meme or other joke. It may be used in the wade sense like a critique of the cryptocurrency market etc. This term is often used in a humorous tone. Compared to real cryptocurrencies, they are not significant. Supporters, on the other hand, say that some meme coins have reached high market capitalizations. +In late 2013, Dogecoin was created as a joke on the Doge meme by software engineers. This started the creation of several next meme coins. In October 2021, there were about 124 meme coins circulating in the market. Notable examples is Dogecoin and Shiba Inu. +Some countries start to regulate meme coins. In early 2021, Thailand Securities and Exchange Commission banned meme coins as part of an end to digital goods with "no clear objective". +Meme coins became popular since Elon Musk validated the use of Dogecoin, one of the first meme coins. He continues to post tweets about Dogecoin in 2022. +Moreover there are meme tokens. Tokens differs from coins as the first ones does not have their own blockchain and work in blockchains of other coins (e.g. Shiba Inu). + += = = Canoas = = = +Canoas is an Brazilian city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. About 340,000 people lived there. It is the fourth-largest city in the state by population. + += = = United Nations list of non-self-governing territories = = = +A non-self-governing territory (NSGT) as a territory without a full self-government. In practice, a NSGT is a territory considered by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) to be "non-self-governing". +Current entries on the list of non-self-governing territories. +The following 17 territories are currently included on the list. + += = = Imperatriz = = = +Imperatriz is an Brazilian city in the state of Maranhão. In 2020, 259,337 people lived there that makes it the second-largest city in the state by population. + += = = Kamen Rider Ex-Aid = = = +Kamen Rider Ex-Aid is a Japanese tokusatsu drama Kamen Rider Series. +Schedule. +Super Hero Time aired alongside "Doubutsu Sentai Zyuohger" and later, "Uchu Sentai Kyuranger". + += = = Timon, Maranhão = = = +Timon is an Brazilian city in the state of Maranhão. Its area is 1,764.612 km2 and 170,222 people lived here in 2020. + += = = Aparecida de Goiânia = = = +Aparecida de Goiânia is an Brazilian city in the state of Goiás. 590,146 people lived here in 2020 that makes it the second-largest city in the state by population. + += = = São Leopoldo = = = +São Leopoldo is an Brazilian industrial city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Its area is 102.313 km2 and 238,648 people lived here in 2020. + += = = Rondonópolis = = = +Rondonópolis is an Brazilian city in the state of Mato Grosso. It is about from Cuiabá, the state capital. Its area is 10,787.90 km2 and 236,042 people lived here in 2020. + += = = Pelotas = = = +Pelotas is an Brazilian city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. 343,132 people lived here in 2020 which makes it the third-largest city in the state by population. + += = = Publishing mark = = = +Publishing mark is a trademark of a publishing house or printing house (private or public) specializing that creating books and periodicals. +The first printer's mark is found in the 1457 Mainz Psalter by Johann Fust and Peter Schöffer. The owner of a printing house in Venice chose a dolphin and an anchor as his publishing mark. The sign is based on the ancient paradox "Hurry slowly" (Latin Festina lente). The dolphin was a sign of speed, the anchor — stability. In addition, both symbols were on the image of port Venice, the capital of the Adriatic. +Previously, books had a material value. Protection was the sign of the ruler — a piece of paper with the name and surname of the ruler. The best artists of the day were involved in the creation of bookplates and trademarks. Only a limited number of collectors and bibliophiles knew the history of printing stamps. +Publishing stamps be close to bookplates, but they also have their own specifics. They have a different purpose. In bookplates — coats of arms, initials, images of architectural structures, individual sculptures that have long received the meaning of symbols, allegories and more + += = = Magnus III of Sweden = = = +Magnus III (1240 - December 18, 1290) was King of Sweden from 1275 until 1290. Not much is known about his early life. It is believed he was born around 1240 in an unknown location. +Children. +One of his children was Birger of Sweden (1280 - May 31, 1321). + += = = Birger of Sweden = = = +Birger (1280 - May 31, 1321) was King of Sweden from 1290 until 1318. +Birth. +Birger was born in 1280 to Magnus III of Sweden (1240-1290). + += = = Imbituba = = = +Imbituba is a port and coastal city in the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina. Its area is 184,787 km2 and 45,286 people lived here in 2020. + += = = Yalutorovsk = = = +Yalutorovsk () is a town in Tyumen Oblast, Russia. It is about southeast of Tyumen on the Tobol River. In 2010, 36,493 people lived there. + += = = Jausiers = = = +Jausiers (; Vivaro-Alpine: "Jausièr") is a commune. It is in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeastern France. + += = = Tyumen Oblast = = = +Tyumen Oblast (, "Tyumenskaya oblast") is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia, located in western Siberia. Its administrative center is the city of Tyumen. In 2010, 3,395,755 people lived in the oblast. + += = = Épenoy = = = +Épenoy is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Étalans = = = +Étalans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. On 1 January 2017, the former communes of Charbonnières-les-Sapins and Verrières-du-Grosbois were merged into Étalans. + += = = Charbonnières-les-Sapins = = = +Charbonnières-les-Sapins is a former commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the commune of Étalans. + += = = Verrières-du-Grosbois = = = +Verrières-du-Grosbois is a former commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the commune of Étalans. + += = = Étray = = = +Étray is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Évillers = = = +Évillers is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Eysson = = = +Eysson is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Order of Kurmet = = = +The Order of Kurmet (, "Qurmet ordeni") is one of the most famous and oldest state orders of Kazakhstan. +It is awarded to citizens for good work in the economy, social issues, science and culture, education, for service in the government and active social activities. +The order has no grades or classes. +Description. +The medal of the order is made of silver. It has a gilded (golden) five-pointed star with green elements and end with elements of Kazakh ornament. There are silver stripes in the form of diverging (moving away) beams. There is a round blue medallion with an image of a golden sun. Under the medallion there is a red ribbon that says "KURMET" (from kaz. honour). + += = = Fallerans = = = +Fallerans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Flangebouche = = = +Flangebouche is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = People’s Gratitude medal = = = +The medal "People's Gratitude" () is a state award of the Republic of Kazakhstan. It was established by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev dated June 8, 2020. +Rules. +The medal is given to Kazakh civilians for their works in education, health care, social protection and for their works to COVID-19 pandemic response. +The Medal is given by the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as on behalf of and by order of the President, the State Secretary, Akims of provinces and cities of Nur-Sultan, Almaty and Shymkent and other officials. +The medal is awarded publicly in a ceremony. Before the awards ceremony, a decree of the President on awarding is announced. Every medal has a certificate issued during the ceremony. +Design. +The medal has a coin-like medallion and a suspension brooch. The round shape medallion is 32 mm in diameter. It is made of goldish brass. +There is the "Birgemiz" logo on the obverse of the medal in the foreground. The upper part of the medal is decorated with a Kazakh ornamental pattern. There is an inscription (People’s Gratitude) at the bottom. The reverse of the medal is decorated with a Kazakh ornamental pattern around the circumference. There is an inscription (the Republic of Kazakhstan 2020) in the centre. The medallion is connected to a rectangular 32 mm wide suspension brooch made of goldish brass with an eye and a suspension ring. The central part is decorated with a Kazakh ornamental pattern. The background of the suspension brooch is covered with blue enamel. All the images and inscriptions on the medal are convex. The medallion edge is rimmed. The reverse of the suspension brooch includes a pin with lock. +Recipients. +A total of 60 doctors and 39 policemen, 30 servicemen, 41 volunteers and 34 philanthropists were awarded the medal. In addition, the medal was given to 38 artists and educators, as well as 25 media representatives. + += = = Fournets-Luisans = = = +Fournets-Luisans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Savigny-le-Temple = = = +Savigny-le-Temple is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Seine-et-Marne department in north-central France. In 2019, 29,987 people lived there. +The commune is in the south-eastern suburbs of Paris, from the center. + += = = Le Perreux-sur-Marne = = = +Le Perreux-sur-Marne is a commune. It is in the Val-de-Marne department in France. In 2019, 33,588 people lived there. +The commune is in the eastern suburbs of Paris, from the center. + += = = Wilhelm, Prince of Albania = = = +Prince Wilhelm of Wied (German: "Wilhelm Friedrich Heinrich Prinz zu Wied", 26 March 1876 – 18 April 1945), reigned from 7 March to 3 September 1914, when he left for exile. His reign officially ended on 31 January 1925, when the country was declared an Albanian Republic. + += = = Le Plessis-Trévise = = = +Le Plessis-Trévise is a commune. It is in the Val-de-Marne department in France. In 2019, 19,829 people lived there. +The commune is in the eastern suburbs of Paris, from the center. + += = = List of current senators of Canada = = = +This is a list of members of the Senate of Canada (), the upper house of the Canadian Parliament. +, there are 90 senators. 41 senators are part of the Independent Senators Group. 16 are part of senate caucus of the Conservative Party of Canada. 14 senators are part of the Progressive Senate Group. 12 are part of the Canadian Senators Group. 7 aren't part of any group. 15 seats are empty. +Standings. +Members of the Senate of Canada can be the representatives of a political party if agreed by themselves and their party.The current party standings in the Senate of Canada these: +Upcoming retirements. +Twenty-five current senators are scheduled to retire before the end of 2025: +Longest jobs. +Furthest year of retirement of existing senators, by prime minister + += = = Multiculturalism in the United Kingdom = = = +Multiculturalism is the presence of several distinct cultural or ethnic groups within a society. In the UK, this usually means people who are visibly different, because of the colour of their skin, their clothing, or their behaviour. +Multiculturalism in the UK has its roots in the early seventeenth century. The UK had the biggest Empire in the history of the world - the British Empire. In the nineteenth century, it covered roughly 25% of the world's land surface and ruled around one-fifth of the entire population of the world. In the age of colonialism, the culture of all the colonies, like India, Australia, New Zealand, Egypt, and many other countries collided together. From 1801-81, the United Kingdom saw many immigrants arrive on British shores due to a booming economy domestically. In this period, over 2,000,000 people from Ireland moved to Great Britain, and over 1,500,000 from Germany and other parts of Europe arrived as well. +Since the time of the British Empire, many people have moved to the UK. After World War II, the UK needed more people to fill labour shortages, so it motivated Commonwealth citizens to come to Britain; viewed by many as the "mother country". During the Great War, one quarter of a million Belgians came to Britain to escape the wrath of the war. During the 1930s before World War II, Jews started to migrate to the UK with the rise of Hitler and fascism across the continent. During the 1940s to 1960s, Polish people were invited to come and stay in the United Kingdom with the promise of jobs and a house. Due to the massive migration of Polish people since, the Polish community is deeply anchored in present society. From the 1950s to 1960s immigrants from Pakistan and India settled in the UK. The year 1972 saw a further increase in Asian arrivals in the United Kingdom, those who had been expelled by dictator Idi Amin of Uganda. Though the immigrants helped the UK by contribution to the workforce, racism was a big problem in British society. +Since 2016, immigration from outside Europe has increased considerably in the UK, as it has in most European countries. +Most immigrants come and live in cities, where there are other people from their community. In the past they mostly settled in seaports. Immigrant communities in London, Liverpool and Glasgow are very old, and were started by sailors. Chinese people moved out of the cities and started laundries and restaurants, often in small country towns where they were the only immigrants. George Formby made several songs about "Mr. Wu", a Chinese laundry man in the 1930s. +In the 1960s, the UK made a change to immigration policy. The immigration policy of Britain became more about tolerating immigrants, but not actively caring about integration. In 1962, the Commonwealth Immigrants bill was passed to restrict immigration. There was quite a lot of discrimination against immigrants. The punk singer John Lydon, who was born in London in 1956, called his autobiography "No Irish, No Blacks, No Dogs." His parents were poor Irish immigrants who settled in North London. People say these words were used by landlords then. That may not be true, but there were certainly signs saying “no West Indians”. As Lydon says, Irish people blend in better than the Jamaicans. +Enoch Powell, when he was Minister for Health, recruited nurses for the NHS from the Caribbean. Later, in 1968 he made a speech and said that if the United Kingdom let too many immigrants in, there would be bloodshed in the streets. +The Race Relations Act 1965 was the first law in the UK to say that discrimination on the "grounds of colour, race, or ethnic or national origins" in public places in Great Britain was prohibited. It was followed by more, stronger, laws. +Today, there is still a strong connection with many of the old colonies and most of them are still part of the Commonwealth of Nations. Due to this history, immigrants from all over the world come to the UK and bring with them their food, religion, and music; this forms the multicultural society of the UK. +About 14.4% of the people in the United Kingdom in 2021 were born overseas. About 3,346,000 of them lived in London. 18% of people counted in the 2021 Census said they belonged to a Black, Asian, mixed or other ethnic group. In the Community Life Survey 2019/20 84% of these people said they felt strongly that they belonged to Britain. +Although 'multiculturalism' initially seemed like a good idea on paper, it has proven difficult in practice given some new groups' desire for greater recognition and rights in recent years. The UK has increased its multicultural representation in recent years as well but is still struggling with issues related to 'multiculturalism'. Overall, it's important to understand and respect each cultural group without giving them preferential treatment- doing so can help create a more unified nation that is far richer from a cultural perspective. +The multicultural face of the UK. +The following table shows that the UK is home to numerous ethnic minorities. Most immigrants come from India, Poland, Pakistan, and Ireland. Around 90% of immigrants who entered the UK went to England. They settled in English cities, giving England the largest number of cultural districts. +Language plays an important part in the multicultural aspect of Britain. English is the main language for 92% of the UK (48.9M people). Less than 5% of the population aged 3 to 15 had a main language other than English in 2011. Foreign languages are concentrated in London, where 21% of people don't speak English, or at least not well. These are the top 5 languages spoken at home other than English: Polish, Indian dialect, Arabic, French, and all other Chinese. However, in the UK, 1.6% of the British population doesn't speak English at all. +There are numerous cultural districts in which immigrants of a nation have settled and brought their culture with them to their new homeland. In Brick Lane, in London's East End, mainly people from Bangladesh have settled. There, for example, there are also street names that have been translated into Bengali under the English sign. The street is best known these days for its South Asian restaurants and street markets. Since the 19th century, the Richmond district has been shaped primarily by German immigrants. After a German school was founded there, the district became even more attractive as an emigration destination for Germans. +Multiculturalism can also be seen in food. +From 2018 to 2019, there was a total of 103,379 hate crimes recorded by the police in England and Wales, and 8% of hate crimes were related to religion. +This multiculturalism is also caused by the increasing birth rate of other ethnic groups in England: in 2016, 90,500 births from other ethnic groups and in 2020, 158,000. +London; a multicultural area? +In London, we find over 200 languages spoken and nearly one-third of the population was born abroad. It is considered the most multicultural city in Europe for some. As seen in the table above, only 43.4% are white British. This is because most of them are moving to the countryside instead of the city, which is a rural migration. It is a city filled with culturally diverse areas, especially Chinatown with its Chinese bakeries, restaurants, and supermarkets/stores, Camden Town and Brixton that was declared as the unofficial capital of British, African, and Caribbean descent. It is also home to many religions. + += = = Archduke of Austria = = = +An Archduchess or Archduke was the son/daughter of the Emperor or Kaiser of Austria. + += = = Zavodoukovsk = = = +Zavodoukovsk () is a town in Tyumen Oblast, Russia. It is southeast of Tyumen on the Bolshoy Uk River. In 2010, 25,647 people lived there. + += = = Ishim = = = +Ishim () (previously known as Korkina Sloboda: until 1782) is a town in Tyumen Oblast, Russia. In 2010, 65,243 people lived there. + += = = Sverdlovsk Oblast = = = +Sverdlovsk Oblast (, "Sverdlovskaya oblast") is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Yekaterinburg, formerly known as Sverdlovsk. In 2010, 4,297,747 people lived in the oblast. + += = = Voronezh Oblast = = = +Voronezh Oblast (, "Voronezhskaya oblast") is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Voronezh. In 2010, 2,335,380 people lived in the oblast. + += = = Kursk Oblast = = = +Kursk Oblast (, "Kurskaya oblast") is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. In 2010, 1,127,081 people lived in the oblast. + += = = Ananindeua = = = +Ananindeua is an Brazilian city in the state of Pará. 535,547 people lived here in 2020 that makes it the second-largest city in the state by population. + += = = Franz Strasser = = = +Franz Strasser (1899 - 10 December 1945) was a convicted Nazi murderer. He was sentenced to death by hanging. The sentence was carried out on 10 December 1945. + += = = Santarém, Pará = = = +Santarém is an Brazilian city in the state of Pará. The Tapajós joins the Amazon River there, and it is a popular location for tourism. +Santarém is the third-largest city in the state by population. + += = = Fuans = = = +Fuans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Germéfontaine = = = +Germéfontaine is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Gilley, Doubs = = = +Gilley is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Roulans = = = +Roulans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Amagney = = = +Amagney is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Amancey = = = +Amancey is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = American Song Contest = = = +The American Song Contest is an American music reality competition television series based on the Eurovision Song Contest. It sees all 50 U.S. states, five territories, and Washington, D.C. compete for the title of Best Original Song. The contest takes place between March 21 and May 9, 2022, and airs on NBC. The show is hosted by the rapper, songwriter, media personality, actor, and entrepreneur Snoop Dogg and the singer, songwriter, actress, author, and television personality Kelly Clarkson. +Some of the competitors are famous singers include: Allen Stone (famous soul and R&B singer and musician from Chewelah, Washington), Michael Bolton (famous New Havener singer), Christian Pagán (winner of Idol Puerto Rico), Jordan Smith (famous singer from Harlan). +The latest winner (and first) of the American Song Contest is K-pop idol AleXa of Oklahoma, achieving her state's first win of the contest (and first of the competition) in Universal City, California in 2022, with her song "Wonderland". +The American Song Contest was postponed in favor of the "America's Got Talent: Extreme" due to COVID-19 related concerns involving the Omicron variant. +International broadcasting. +The show is also set to be broadcast in multiple European countries, as well as in Canada: + += = = Cathedral of Christ the Saviour = = = +The Cathedral of Christ the Savior (), is a Russian Orthodox cathedral located in Moscow on Sparrow Hill, on the banks of the Moskva River, it is known for having been demolished in the 1930s for the construction of the Palace of the Soviets, which was never made. +History. +The Original Cathedral had been built by order of Tsar Alexander I of Russia, in honor of Christ the Savior, stating on December 25, 1812: "To express our gratitude to Divine Providence for saving Russia from the Ruin that overshadowed it" (due to the Napoleonic Wars), the design of the cathedral was in charge of the architect Aleksandr Lavrentyevich Vitberg in 1817, who designed it with a Neoclassical design in the style of Masonic Symbolism, after the succession of Alexander I by his brother, Nicholas I, he would not like the architecture of the previous design and would hire his trusted architect Konstantin Thon. +The new architect would be based on the design of Neo-Byzantinism, and would be based on Hagia Sophia (Previously the Basilica of Saint Sophia until the Fall of Constantinople), in Istanbul and in 1832 the Russian Architectural Renaissance would be approved, in the place a old Convent and Church and the first stone would be laid until 1839, the interior would be painted by the best Russian painters of the time and the scaffolding would not be removed until 1860, and the dome would be placed using the Electroplating technique, and in 1882 Tchaikovsky would premiere the "1812 Overture", even though the cathedral was half finished, it would finally be consecrated on May 26, 1883, one day after the coronation of Alexander III, its interior had paintings of Russian saints and the Napoleonic withdrawal from Moscow. +After the Russian Revolution, the place was closed due to religious persecution in Russia. After the death of Lenin and succession by Stalin, he saw the Churches in Moscow as an unnecessary space and would decide to demolish them. In the place of the Cathedral, the Construction of a Palace for the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, and in 1930 this idea would start, this work would be in charge of Mikhail Kalinin and before demolishing the cathedral, around 25 tons of gold would be removed, Stalin saw the cathedral as an unnecessary luxury for the Soviet state and the demolition would begin on July 23, 1931 to try to erase Russia's imperial past, which this cathedral represented. +After the demolition the land would be flattened and a ditch would be made, and in 1938 the foundations of the new palace would be laid but the construction would stop due to the flooding of the river and the German invasion of the USSR, the material for the palace would be destined for the war, the project would try to resume construction but finally it would be canceled in 1957 and the Moskva Pool would be built in the place, the largest heated pool in the world, after the Fall of the USSR, many people asked for the reconstruction of the cathedral which would begin in 1995 to be finally consecrated in 2000, would be reconstructed in detail based on photos and the original plan of the Konstantin Thon cathedral. +The punk rock group Pussy Riot organized a Guerrilla rig in front of this cathedral due to the support of the Orthodox Church to Vladimir Putin, three of the members were arrested. + += = = Minority language = = = +A minority language is a language spoken by a minority of the population. There are 196 sovereign states and about 5,000 to 7,000 languages. This makes most languages in every country are a minority language. Some minority languages are also official languages. This happens with Irish in Ireland. + += = = Estadio Mansiche = = = +Estadio Mansiche is a football stadium in Peru. They play host to the most important football clubs from Trujillo, Carlos A. Mannucci and Universidad César Vallejo. + += = = Estadio Manuel Rivera Sánchez = = = +Estadio Manuel Rivera Sánchez is a football stadium in Chimbote, Peru. They play host to the José Gálvez FBC. + += = = Catholic University Los Angeles of Chimbote = = = +Catholic University Los Angeles of Chimbote, also known in Spanish as Universidad Católica Los Ángeles de Chimbote (ULADECH CATOLICA), is a private university with main campus located in Chimbote, Peru. + += = = Second Mexican Empire = = = +The Second Mexican Empire (), Officially the Mexican Empire (), was a Constitutional Monarchy and Client state of the Second French Empire in Mexico, it was ruled by Maximilian of Habsburg who ruled as "Maximilian I of Mexico" and his wife "Charlotte of Mexico", it was established during the Second French intervention in Mexico as a client state to compete with the powerful United States, This is nothing related to the First Mexican Empire of Agustín I. + += = = Tony Harrington = = = +Tony Harrington is an English football referee who referees in the Premier League. He was promoted to Select Group 1 in June 2021. +Career. +He was promoted to a Select Group 2 referee in 2016. +On May 22nd 2021, Tony refereed the 2021 FA Trophy Final at Wembley Stadium. Only eight days later, Harrington was back at Wembley when he officiated the 2021 EFL League One play-off Final between Blackpool and Lincoln City. +After becoming a Select Group 1 referee in June 2021, Harrington officiated his first Premier League game on 16 December 2021. +Personal life. +He is the grandson of former Hartlepool United player Tommy McGuigan who is in the club's record books for top 10 number of appearances and goals for the club. +Harrington supports his hometown club, Hartlepool. + += = = The Golden Coach = = = +The Golden Coach (; ) is a 1952 French Italian comedy drama movie directed by Jean Renoir and is based on the 1829 play "Le Carrosse du Saint-Sacrement" (The Coach of the Blessed Sacrament) by Prosper Mérimée. It stars Anna Magnani, Odoardo Spadaro, Duncan Lamont, Nada Fiorelli. + += = = Xenohyla eugenioi = = = +Xenohyla eugenioi is a frog that lives in Brazil. People have seen it between 128 and 960 meters above sea level. +People have seen this frog in bromeliad plants that grow in dry forests and on rocky ground. Scientists believe the frog's tadpoles swim in ponds that dry up for part of the year, but they are not sure. +This frog is not in danger of dying out, but there are fewer of them than there were. Scientists say this is because human beings take away its bromeliad plants and change the places where the frog lives to make farms and places for animals to eat grass and to get wood to build with. + += = = Indo-pacific sailfish = = = +The Indo-Pacific sailfish ("Istiophorus platypterus") is a sailfish that is native to the Indian Ocean and the Pacific. It is a predator that occurs almost globally, in tropical and subtropical seas. There's also another species, the Atlantic sailfish, "Istiophorus albicans", which occurs in the Atlantic Ocean. The two species are very similar, and more and more scientists think they are the same species. The fish occur in areas between 35° and 45° northern and southern latitude. The fish feed on smaller fish, crustaceans and molluscs. Fully grown, the fish reach a length of . They reach a weight between and . They also occur in the Red Sea, and have migrated to the Mediterranean, as a Lessepsian migrant. + += = = Les Abymes = = = +Les Abymes is a commune in France. It is the most populous commune in the overseas department of Guadeloupe. + += = = Beverly Hills Cop III = = = +Beverly Hills Cop III is a 1994 American action comedy movie directed by John Landis and starring Eddie Murphy, Judge Reinhold, Héctor Elizondo, Timothy Carhart, John Saxon, Theresa Randle, Alan Young, Stephen McHattie, Joey Travolta, John Singleton. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and was the weakest of the "Beverly Hills Cop" franchise. + += = = Graham Scott (referee) = = = +Graham David Scott (born 10 October 1968) is an English professional football referee who officiates in the Premier League. +Career. +He studied at Abingdon School from 1980 to 1987 and the London School of Economics. In 2015, he was promoted to the Select Group of Referees, who officiate the matches in the Premier League. He replaced long-time referee Chris Foy. In 2016, former referee Keith Hackett suggested the promotion was "a mistake". The PGMOL wanted to demote Scott at the end of the 2016—17 season because he only refereed a few matches. However, Scott appealed against his demotion and retained his place for the 2017—18 season. A number of improved performances has led him to officiate an increased number of matches, with 13 Premier League matches and an EFL League Cup semi-final by the end of January 2018. + += = = Illinois City, Illinois = = = +Illinois City is an unincorporated community on the Mississippi River. It is across the river from Muscatine, Iowa. The area is in southwestern Rock Island County. + += = = Kehl = = = +Kehl is a town in Ortenaukreis in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is on the river Rhine, directly opposite the French city of Strasbourg. +Twin towns. +Kehl is twinned with: + += = = Montmorency, Val-d'Oise = = = +Montmorency is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north-central France. In 2019, 21,723 people lived there. +The commune is in the northern suburbs of Paris, from the center. + += = = Enghien-les-Bains = = = +Enghien-les-Bains is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north-central France. In 2019, 11,470 people lived there. +The commune is in the northern suburbs of Paris, from the center. It is a famous spa town, also known for its casino. + += = = London Metal Exchange = = = +The London Metal Exchange (LME) is the world's largest market in metals. The activities are organised into categories. +The main categories are forward contracts, futures contracts and options on base metals. Forward contracts decide the price at a time in the future. Futures contracts set the price for delivery at a specific time, but is between parties not yet known to each other. Options are the right but not the obligation to buy or sell. +The Exchange also offers contracts on ferrous metal (iron(II) oxide) and precious metals. The LME also allows for cash trading. It offers hedging, an investment to avoid loss, worldwide reference pricing, and the option of physical delivery to settle contracts. +Select traders do go into a ring (of seats), and round the ring are a couple of dozen other traders. These days there are people on phones and many trades are done electronically. "Open-outcry" is the oldest method of dealing, and it is done along with all the modern methods. This qualified to deal in the ring are a select group of nine companies. About 100 other companies do trade at the LME. + += = = Viersen = = = +Viersen is the capital of Viersen in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is about 8 km north-west of Mönchengladbach, 15 km south-west of Krefeld and 20 km east of Venlo (Netherlands). +Twin towns. +Viersen is twinned with: + += = = Amreeka = = = +Amreeka is a 2009 American United Arab Emirates Canadian Kuwaiti Jordanian drama movie directed by first time director Cherien Dabis and starring Nisreen Faour, Melkar Muallem, Hiam Abbass, Alia Shawkat, Yussuf Abu-Warda, Joseph Ziegler, Miriam Smith. + += = = Arizona Colt Returns = = = +Arizona Colt Returns () is a 1970 Italian Spanish western movie directed by first time director Sergio Martino and starring Anthony Steffen, Marcella Michelangeli, Aldo Sanbrell. + += = = Luziânia = = = +Luziânia is an Brazilian city in the state of Goiás, 68 km south of Brasília. Its area is 3,961.536 km2 and 211,508 people lived here in 2020. + += = = Swords, Dublin = = = +Swords ( or ) is the county town of County Fingal in Ireland. It is about 10 km north of Dublin. + += = = Paysandú = = = +Paysandú is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Paysandú Department. + += = = Ciudad de la Costa = = = +Ciudad de la Costa is a city in Canelones Department in Uruguay. It was founded on 19 October 1994. + += = = Artigas, Uruguay = = = +Artigas is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Artigas Department. Its name comes from the national hero José Gervasio Artigas. + += = = Abbas the Great = = = +Abbas the Great or Abbas I of Persia (Persian: ��� ���� ����; 27 January 1571 – 19 January 1629) was a Persian ruler, the 5th Safavid Shahanshah of Iran, and is generally considered one of the greatest rulers of Iranian history and the Safavid dynasty. He was the third son of Shah Mohammad Khodabanda. +Muhammad Kodabanda had weak eyes and was not determined in the administration of the country and the monarchy. He was not a suitable politician to run Persia. Abbas the Great, with the help of Qizilbash tribal leaders, managed to gradually took power from his father during numerous wars, such as the Khorasan Wars, and finally sat on the throne in 1588. +Early life. +Abbas was a member of the Safavid dynasty of Kurdısh origin, the Safavid family were descendants of the Persian dervish ("mystic") Safi ad-Din Ardabili. His mother, Khairun Nissa was of Mazanderani origin. + += = = Trinidad, Uruguay = = = +Trinidad is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Flores Department. In 2011, 21,429 people lived there. +History. +Trinidad was founded on 14 April 1804 by Manuel Ubeda. +Formerly it was called "Santísima Trinidad de los Porongos", or simply "Porongos". Even to this day, the inhabitants are known as 'trinitarios' or 'porongueros'. + += = = Oliwia Dabrowska = = = +Oliwia Dabrowska is a Polish actress known for "Schindler's List". She has also become famous by helping refugees of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. In 2023 she led a worldwide campaign of peace and became an international symbol of HOPE. +Personal life and acting career. +Dabrowska was born on 28 May 1989 in Kraków, Poland. She starred in movies such as "Schindler's List", "The Seventh Room" and "The List of Lovers", mostly getting fame from "Schindler's List". In 2022, she was noticed by many because she was helping Ukrainian refugees who were fleeing the Russian invasion of Ukraine. + += = = Tacuarembó = = = +Tacuarembó is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Tacuarembó Department. + += = = Mercedes, Uruguay = = = +Mercedes is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Soriano Department. + += = = Tussilago = = = +Tussilago (also known as coltsfoot) is a plant within the Asteraceae family, The plant is typically 10–30 cm in height. + += = = Canelones, Uruguay = = = +Canelones is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Canelones Department. +Population. +Source: "Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay" + += = = Canelones = = = +Canelones can mean: + += = = Juliaca = = = +Juliaca is a city in Peru. It is in the Puno Region. + += = = Minas, Uruguay = = = +Minas is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Lavalleja Department. + += = = San José de Mayo = = = +San José de Mayo is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the San José Department. + += = = Florida, Uruguay = = = +Florida is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Florida Department. + += = = Rocha, Uruguay = = = +Rocha is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Rocha Department. It was founded in 1793. + += = = Las Piedras, Uruguay = = = +Las Piedras is a city in Canelones Department in Uruguay. About 70,000 people lived there and it is part of the Greater Montevideo agglomeration. +Las Piedras was founded in 1744. + += = = Public defender (United States) = = = +In the United States, a public defender is an attorney-at-law appointed by the courts and given by the state or federal governments to represent and advise those who cannot afford to hire a private attorney. Public defenders are full-time attorneys hired by the state or federal governments. The public defender program is one of many types of criminal legal aid in the United States. + += = = Dwayne Haskins = = = +Dwayne Haskins Jr. (May 3, 1997 – April 9, 2022) was an American football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for three seasons. He played for the Washington Redskins / Washington Football Team from 2019 until 2020 and for the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2021. Haskins was born in Highland Park, New Jersey. +Haskins was killed on April 9, 2022 in Boca Raton, Florida after getting hit by a car, aged 24. + += = = Goux-les-Usiers = = = +Goux-les-Usiers is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Grandfontaine-sur-Creuse = = = +Grandfontaine-sur-Creuse is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Michel Delebarre = = = +Michel Delebarre (27 April 1946 – 9 April 2022) was a French politician. He was a member of the Senate of France from 2011 until 2017. He represented the Nord department. He was a member of the Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche. He was also mayor of Dunkirk from 1989 until 2014. Delebarre was born in Bailleul, France. +Delebarre died on 9 April 2022 in Lille, France from problems caused by diabetes at the age of 75. + += = = Guyans-Vennes = = = +Guyans-Vennes is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Landresse = = = +Landresse is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Uwe Bohm = = = +Uwe Bohm (born Uwe Enkelmann; 23 January 1962 – 9 April 2022) was a German actor. He appeared in over 70 movies and television shows. His career began in 1976. He was in the 1990 movie "Herzlich willkommen", which was entered into the 40th Berlin International Film Festival. Bohm was born in Hamburg, then-West Germany. +Bohm was also in the movies "In the Shadows" (2010), "Gold" (2013), "Sanctuary" (2015) and "Tschick" (2016). +Bohm died on 9 April 2022 in Hamburg of a possible heart attack, aged 60. + += = = Laviron = = = +Laviron is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Longechaux = = = +Longechaux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Longemaison = = = +Longemaison is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Carlos Barrera Sánchez = = = +Carlos Barrera Sánchez (3 December 1950 – 7 April 2022) was a Spanish politician. He was a member of the Aranese Democratic Convergence. He was Sindic d'Aran from 1995 to 2007 and again from 2011 to 2019. He was born in Vielha, Spain. +Barrera Sánchez died on 7 April 2022 in Vielha from cancer at the age of 71. + += = = Domingo Romera = = = +Domingo Romera Alcázar (26 May 1936 – 6 April 2022) was a Spanish politician. He was a member of the People's Alliance and later the People's Party. He was in the Senate of Spain from 1984 to 1986 and in the European Parliament from 1986 to 1994. Romera was born in Barcelona, Spain. +Romera died in Lleida, Spain on 6 April 2022 at the age of 85. + += = = Longevelle-lès-Russey = = = +Longevelle-lès-Russey is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = La Longeville = = = +La Longeville is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = John Creighton (rugby union) = = = +John Neville Creighton (10 March 1937 – 6 April 2022) was a New Zealand rugby union player. He played as a hooker. He played for Canterbury at a provincial level in over 100 games. He also played for the New Zealand national rugby union team making six appearances in 1962. Creighton was born in Rotherham, New Zealand. +Creighton died in Christchurch, New Zealand on 6 April 2022 at the age of 85. + += = = Karine Danielyan = = = +Karine Danielyan (; 9 June 1947 – 4 April 2022) was an Armenian environmentalist and politician. She was Minister of Nature and Environment Protection from 1991 to 1994. She was born in Yerevan, Armenia. +Danielyan died on 4 April 2022 in Yerevan at the age of 74. + += = = Loray = = = +Loray is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. +The neighbouring communes are Domprel, Flangebouche, Grandfontaine-sur-Creuse, Orchamps-Vennes, Plaimbois-Vennes, La Sommette and Vennes. + += = = Vennes = = = +Vennes is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. +The neighbouring communes are Fournets-Luisans, Guyans-Vennes, Loray, Orchamps-Vennes and Plaimbois-Vennes. + += = = Orchamps-Vennes = = = +Orchamps-Vennes is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Magny-Châtelard = = = +Magny-Châtelard is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Montbenoît = = = +Montbenoît is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Montflovin = = = +Montflovin is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Orsans, Doubs = = = +Orsans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Shane Bieber = = = +Shane Robert Bieber (born May 31, 1995) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Cleveland Guardians of Major League Baseball (MLB). He was named an All-Star in 2019 and 2021. + += = = Orsans = = = +Orsans is the name of two communes in France: + += = = Franmil Reyes = = = +Franmil Federico Reyes (born July 7, 1995) is a Dominican professional baseball outfielder and designated hitter for the Cleveland Guardians of Major League Baseball (MLB) since 2019. He made his MLB debut with the San Diego Padres in 2018. + += = = Triston McKenzie = = = +Triston Andrew McKenzie (born August 2, 1997) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Cleveland Guardians of Major League Baseball (MLB). He made his MLB debut in 2020. + += = = Ouhans = = = +Ouhans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. The source of the river Loue is in the commune. + += = = Ouvans = = = +Ouvans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Passonfontaine = = = +Passonfontaine is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = HD1 (galaxy) = = = +HD1 is a possible high-redshift galaxy. It is thought to be the earliest and most distant known galaxy yet identified in the observable universe. +The discovery of HD1 (RA:10:01:51.31 DEC:+02:32:50.0) in the Sextans constellation, along with a related galaxy, HD2 (RA:02:18:52.44 DEC:-05:08:36.1) in the Cetus constellation. It was reported by astronomers at the University of Tokyo on 7 April 2022. + += = = San Carlo Canavese = = = +San Carlo Canavese is a "comune" (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont. + += = = Pierrefontaine-les-Varans = = = +Pierrefontaine-les-Varans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Renédale = = = +Renédale is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Rosureux = = = +Rosureux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Saint-Gorgon-Main = = = +Saint-Gorgon-Main is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Jimmy Tarbuck = = = +James Joseph Tarbuck (born 6 February 1940) is an English comedian, singer, actor, entertainer and game show host. He was a host of "Sunday Night at the London Palladium". He also hosted many game shows and quiz shows on ITV during the 1970s, 1980s and early 1990s. +In February 2020, Tarbuck revealed that, the day after his 80th birthday, he had been diagnosed with prostate cancer. + += = = Paul Gambaccini = = = +Paul Matthew Gambaccini (born April 2, 1949) is an American-British radio and television presenter and author. He is known as "The Great Gambo" and "The Professor of Pop". Gambaccini was a BBC Radio 1 presenter for 16 years. He presented "Kaleidoscope". +He was the host of the 12-part Classic FM series "Paul Gambaccini's Hall of Heroes", and chairs the Radio 4 music quiz "Counterpoint". He has been the presenter of "Pick of the Pops" on BBC Radio 2. +On 1 November 2013, it was reported that Gambaccini had been arrested on possible sexual offences as part of an investigation by Operation Yewtree in the United Kingdom. He was released on bail and his spokesman said that he denied the allegations. It was announced on 10 October 2014 that no charges would be brought. Gambaccini said he believed he was used as "bait" to have people make false accusations about him. He was cleared of all charges and eventually successfully sued police officials. +Gambaccini is openly gay. + += = = Septfontaines, Doubs = = = +Septfontaines is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Sombacour = = = +Sombacour is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = La Sommette = = = +La Sommette is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Vellerot-lès-Vercel = = = +Vellerot-lès-Vercel is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Vercel-Villedieu-le-Camp = = = +Vercel-Villedieu-le-Camp is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Vernierfontaine = = = +Vernierfontaine is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Ville-du-Pont = = = +Ville-du-Pont is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Anteuil = = = +Anteuil is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Amathay-Vésigneux = = = +Amathay-Vésigneux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Amondans = = = +Amondans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Appenans = = = +Appenans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Arbouans = = = +Arbouans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Arc-et-Senans = = = +Arc-et-Senans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Arcey, Doubs = = = +Arcey is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Audeux = = = +Audeux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Houplin-Ancoisne = = = +Houplin-Ancoisne is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 3,337 people lived there. + += = = Sainghin-en-Mélantois = = = +Sainghin-en-Mélantois is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,830 people lived there. + += = = Rozvadov = = = +Rozvadov () is a municipality and village in Tachov District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It is on the border with Germany. + += = = Vertigo Records = = = +Vertigo Records is a record company. It started in the United Kingdom. It was first created for progressive rock in 1969. Today a bigger company called Universal Music Germany runs it. + += = = Anthology (disambiguation) = = = +An anthology is a group of items collected together. They may have similar themes, characters or settings or they could be entirely different. +Anthology may also refer to: + += = = West Java = = = +West Java () is a province of Indonesia. It is in the western part of Java. Its capital city is Bandung. It is the native home of the Sundanese people. +West Java was one of the first provinces created after the independence of Indonesia. In 1966, the city of Jakarta was removed from the province. Jakarta became a special city. In 2000, the western part of the province was split. This became Banten province. + += = = Hal Sparks = = = +Hal Harry Magee Sparks III (born September 25, 1969) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, musician, political commentator, television and radio host and television personality. He is known for his contributions to VH1, hosting E!'s "Talk Soup", and the role of Michael Novotny on the American television series "Queer as Folk", Donald Davenport in "Lab Rats" and as the voice of Tak in the "Tak and the Power of Juju" television series and video games. + += = = List of American scientists = = = +This is a list of American scientists. + += = = SquareSoft = = = +Square Co., Ltd also known as SquareSoft Inc. was a video game company in Japan. Masafumi Miyamoto started SquareSoft in 1986. It joined with Enix to become SquareEnix in 2003. + += = = Minden = = = +Minden is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the capital of the district of Minden-Lübbecke. About 81,000 people lived there. + += = = Ornans = = = +Ornans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. On 1 January 2016, the former commune of Bonnevaux-le-Prieuré was merged into Ornans. + += = = Bonnevaux-le-Prieuré = = = +Bonnevaux-le-Prieuré is a former commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the commune of Ornans. + += = = Autechaux = = = +Autechaux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Autechaux-Roide = = = +Autechaux-Roide is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Les Auxons = = = +Les Auxons is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2015 and consists of the former communes of Auxon-Dessus (the seat) and Auxon-Dessous. + += = = Auxon-Dessus = = = +Auxon-Dessus is a former commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. On 1 January 2015, the former communes of Auxon-Dessus and Auxon-Dessous joined together and became the new commune of Les Auxons. + += = = Auxon-Dessous = = = +Auxon-Dessous is a former commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. On 1 January 2015, the former communes of Auxon-Dessus and Auxon-Dessous joined together and became the new commune of Les Auxons. + += = = Avanne-Aveney = = = +Avanne-Aveney is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Avilley = = = +Avilley is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Campo Limpo Paulista = = = +Campo Limpo Paulista is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. 85,541 people lived here in 2020 and its area is 79.4 km2. + += = = Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul = = = +Santa Maria is an Brazilian city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Its area is 1,823.1 km2 and 283,677 people lived here in 2020. + += = = Treinta y Tres = = = +Treinta y Tres is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Treinta y Tres Department. + += = = Xenohyla truncata = = = +Izecksohn's Brazilian tree frog ("Xenohyla truncata") is a frog that lives in Brazil. It is the only frog that eats fruit. Scientists have seen it no higher than 50 meters above sea level. +Some of these frogs live near sand dunes where there are cacti, shrubs, and bromeliad plants. The frogs can also live in trees where the adults hide in bromeliad plants. When it is time to lay eggs, they climb down to the forest floor. They lay eggs in pools of water that dry up for part of the year. +"Xenohyla truncata" is the only known amphibian that eats fruit. It finds the fruit and swallows it whole with no chewing. The seeds from the fruit come out of its body in its waste, which helps the plant spread. This frog only eats very small fruits and seeds, from 3 to 10 mm in size. Scientists think this frog could be a pollinator. It moves the tree's pollen, or seed-making material, from plant to plant as it looks for food. This is important because most of the pollinators we know of are insects and other animals without bones. This frog also eats insects and other animals with no bones and hard, jointed outsides. + += = = Durazno = = = +Durazno is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Durazno Department. About 30,000 people lived there. +Geography. +Durazno is on the south banks of the Yí River. This river is an tributary to the Río Negro River. +History. +The city was founded on 12 October 1821, under the name of "San Pedro del Durazno", as a homage to Brazilian Emperor Pedro I. + += = = List of Bulgarian scientists = = = +This is a list of scientists from Bulgaria. + += = = Colonia del Sacramento = = = +Colonia del Sacramento () is a city in southwestern Uruguay, by the Río de la Plata, facing the Argentine capital Buenos Aires. It is the oldest town in the country and capital of the Colonia Department. Around 27,000 people lived there. +Its historic quarter is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995. + += = = Fray Bentos = = = +Fray Bentos is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Río Negro Department. +In 2015, the Barrio Anglo is the location of the industrial landscape that was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site as the "Fray Bentos Cultural-Industrial Landscape". + += = = Sukkur = = = +Sukkur (; ) is a city in Pakistan. It is in the Sindh province and is the capital of the Sukkur District. + += = = Sullana = = = +Sullana is a city in Peru. It is in the Piura Region. + += = = Montivilliers = = = +Montivilliers is a commune. It is in Normandy in the Seine-Maritime department in north France. + += = = Badevel = = = +Badevel is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Bart, Doubs = = = +Bart is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Bartherans = = = +Bartherans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Battenans-les-Mines = = = +Battenans-les-Mines is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Battenans-Varin = = = +Battenans-Varin is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Belfays = = = +Belfays is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Belleherbe = = = +Belleherbe is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = The Raven (1935 movie) = = = +The Raven is a 1935 American psychological horror directed by Lew Landers and was based on the 1845 poem by Edgar Allan Poe. It stars Boris Karloff, Bela Lugosi, Lester Matthews, Irene Wane, Inez Courtney, Ian Wolfe, Spencer Charters and was distributed by Universal Pictures. + += = = Belvoir, Doubs = = = +Belvoir is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Berche = = = +Berche is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Berthelange = = = +Berthelange is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Beure = = = +Beure is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = La Honda, California = = = +La Honda is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Mateo County, California. + += = = Oakley, California = = = +Oakley is a city in Contra Costa County, California. It is in the San Francisco Bay Area. At the 2020 United States Census, 43,357 people lived there. Oakley was incorporated in 1999. + += = = Adam Falckenhagen = = = +Adam Falckenhagen (26 April 1697 6 October 1754) was a German composer and lutenist (somebody who plays the lute). He was one of the last baroque composers to write music for the lute. +Life. +Falckenhagen was born in Großdalzig, a city near Leipzig. He learned to play the lute and the harpsichord. From 1719-1720 he studied in the Leipzig University. Between 1720 and 1727 he worked in Weißenfels as a court musician. He went to Dresden to study with Sylvius Leopold Weiss. In 1734 he moved to Bayreuth. He worked for Margrave Frederick of Bayreuth. He died in Bayreuth on 6 October 1754. + += = = Bad Oeynhausen = = = +Bad Oeynhausen is a spa town in Minden-Lübbecke in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. About 49,000 people lived there. +It is on the left bank of the Weser river. +Twin towns. +Bad Oeynhausen is twinned with: + += = = Guérard = = = +Guérard is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Seine-et-Marne department in north-central France. + += = = Yambol = = = +Yambol () is a city in southeastern Bulgaria and is the capital of Yambol Province. About 80,000 people lived there. + += = = Pazardzhik = = = +Pazardzhik () is a city in southern Bulgaria and is the capital of Pazardzhik Province. It is along the banks of the Maritsa river and has about 70,000 people living there. +The city is considered known for its sports, mainly volleyball, as it has co-hosted the 1981 Men's European Volleyball Championship (with Varna and Burgas) and in early 2020, it became the European City of Sports. + += = = Šibenik = = = +Šibenik is a city in Croatia, located in central Dalmatia. It is on the Krka river flows into the Adriatic Sea. In 2011, 46,332 people lived there. + += = = Karlovac = = = +Karlovac is a city in central Croatia. In 2011, 55,705 people lived there. It is the county seat of Karlovac County. + += = = Velika Gorica = = = +Velika Gorica is a city in Zagreb County, Croatia. In 2011, 63,517 people lived there. +Franjo Tuđman Airport, the largest airport in Croatia, is in Velika Gorica. + += = = Varaždin = = = +Varaždin is a city in Croatia. In 2011, 46,946 people lived there. It is the county seat of Varaždin County. + += = = Bikini Atoll = = = +The Bikini atoll is a group of islands (an atoll) in the Pacific Ocean. It is part of the Ralik chain. Today, it is part of the Marshall Islands. It used to be known as Eschscholtz Atoll. The atoll is made of 23 islands, which have a surface area of . The lagoon is about by , and has a surface area of about . The lagoon has a depth of up to . The two biggest islands are Bikini, at and Enyu, at . +Majuro, the capital of the Marshall Islands, is about to the south. New Guinea is about to the southwest. +Nuclear tests. +Today, the atoll is mostly known for many nuclear tests, done by the US government in the 1940s, and 1950s. In 1946, about 200 people were moved from these two islands, all other islands of the atoll were uninhabited. The people were moved to the smaller Rongerik Atoll, which was uninhabited at the time. +Over 42.000 people were taking part in the nuclear tests. In total, 67 tests were done. +In the 1970s, about 100 people again moved to the islands, but they had to leave again, because high levels of Strontium-90 and Caesium-137 were found. Today, the atoll is largely uninhabited, except for a few caretakers. +Problems with islanders returning. +Even though the atoll may be habitable again soon, there's a problem: Many of the Bikini islanders (or their offspring) have never lived on the island, and haven't even visited it. There's a high unemployment rate on the Marshall islands. As the Marshall islands have a special agreement with the United States, unemployed people from the Marshall islands can go look for jobs in the United States. It is therefore unclear how many of the original islanders or their offspring will return to the atoll. + += = = San Leo = = = +San Leo is a "comune" in the Province of Rimini in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna. +San Leo is next to these municipalities: Acquaviva (San Marino), Chiesanuova (San Marino), Città di San Marino (San Marino), Maiolo, Montecopiolo, Monte Grimano, Novafeltria, Sassofeltrio, Torriana, Verucchio. + += = = Sassofeltrio = = = +Sassofeltrio is a "comune" in the Province of Rimini in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna. It is about southeast of Bologna and about south of Rimini. +Sassofeltrio is next to these municipalities: Chiesanuova (San Marino), Faetano (San Marino), Fiorentino (San Marino), Gemmano, Mercatino Conca, Montegiardino (San Marino), Monte Grimano, Montescudo, San Leo, Verucchio. + += = = Talamello = = = +Talamello is a "comune" in the Province of Rimini in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna. It is about southeast of Bologna and about south of Rimini. +Talamello is next to these municipalities: Maiolo, Mercato Saraceno, Novafeltria, Sogliano al Rubicone. + += = = Livigno = = = +Livigno is a "comune" in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region of Lombardy. It is in the Italian Alps, near the Swiss border. + += = = Javier Chércoles Blázquez = = = +Javier Chércoles Blázquez born in Caracas (Venezuela) in 1964, is a director in fashion sector, university professor and crisis advisor in humanitarian disasters. +Trajectory. +He holds a degree in Law from UNED and in Economics and Business from Universidad Complutense. +Between 2000 and 2010 he worked for Inditex, a multinational based in Galicia. Chércoles was responsible for preparing Zara 's "Internal Code of Ethics", a document that regulates the operation of the factories that work for Inditex. +He also worked for PwC . +in Bangladesh. +In 2008, Chércoles went to Bangladesh to personally check the situation of a factory in Dhaka, where there were verbal and physical abuse, as well as salary cuts. Chércoles acknowledged that the factory was in "very bad" condition, but said there was no evidence they were manufacturing for Inditex. He later discovered that he was associated with another factory that produced clothes for Zara. The workshops were close to each other, and Chércoles admitted that it was possible to transfer part of the production from one to another without Inditex's permission or knowledge. A few years earlier he had discovered that the victims of the Bhopal disaster had not yet been compensated, because, as he told Kofi Annan, "there is no way to calculate them, nor any political intention (to pay them)". +As CSR director, he decided to deepen labor controls in the production chain, control measures with which Inditex's management did not agree. In 2010 he left the position receiving 1.57 million euros. +In April 2013, in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, the Rana Plaza building collapsed and 1,134 workers were killed. He was hired by Primark to pay 14 million euros to victims being the first multinational to deal with compensation. +At the University. +He was voluntarily confined to the monastery of Santo Domingo de Silos for six months to write his doctoral thesis in the English language . Since June 2013, he has been working as a professor at the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh, at the Institute of Disaster & Vulnerability Management Studies. +He was also a professor at Complutense, URJC and ESADE Universities and an academic lecturer at Harvard, Georgetown (United States), Andrés Bello (Caracas, Venezuela) and Antonio Ruiz de Montoya (Lima, Peru) universities + += = = Brunate = = = +Brunate is a "comune" in the Province of Como in the Italian region of Lombardy. + += = = Beutal = = = +Beutal is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Bief = = = +Bief is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Blamont = = = +Blamont is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Gravataí = = = +Gravataí is an Brazilian city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, near Porto Alegre. About 280,000 people lived there. + += = = Altamira, Pará = = = +Altamira is a municipality in the state of Pará, in northern Brazil. It has an area of , making it the largest municipality by area both in Pará state and Brazil. 115,969 people lived here in 2020. + += = = Barcelos, Amazonas = = = +Barcelos is an Brazilian municipality in the state of Amazonas. 27,638 people lived here in 2020 and its area is , making it the second-largest municipality by area in Brazil (after Altamira, Pará). + += = = Shrimad Vidyadhiraj Teerth Swamiji = = = +Shrimad Vidyadhiraj Teerth ( 3 August 1945 – 19 July 2021), was a Hindu philosopher & 23rd peethadhish of Gokarna math. He was the Mathadipathi of the Partagali Gokarna math of Goa from 26th Feb 1967 to 19 July 2021. + += = = Rugrats Go Wild = = = +Rugrats Go Wild is a 2003 animated adventure comedy movie. It is based on the Nickelodeon TV show Rugrats. It was the last movie in the rugrats series. + += = = Renfield = = = +Renfield is an upcoming American dark fantasy horror-comedy film directed by Chris McKay and written by Ryan Ridley. It is based on an original pitch by Robert Kirkman. It stars Nicholas Hoult as Renfield, a henchman to Count Dracula who decides to leave his line of work after falling in love. Nicolas Cage, Awkwafina, Ben Schwartz, Adrian Martinez, Shohreh Aghdashloo, Bess Rous, and James Moses Black co-star. The film is scheduled to be released on April 14, 2023, by Universal Pictures. +Premise. +Count Dracula's lackey Renfield finds a new lease on life when he falls in love with Rebecca Quincy, a feisty traffic officer. + += = = Mutualism (economic theory) = = = +Mutualism is a thought and economic theory. + += = = Oedipus complex = = = +Oedipus complex is a term Sigmund Freud introduced. Freud said it was that someone wanted to have a sexual relationship with the parent of the opposite sex, and to kill the parent of the same sex. Freud uses the figure Oedipus, from Greek mythology: Oedipus killed a man in a fight, when he didn't know this man was his father, king Laios of Thebes. In that time, the Sphinx besieged Thebes, and gave riddles to those who passed. Those who weren't able to answer or solve the riddles, would be killed or eaten. Oedipus was able to solve the riddle, and as a prize, he received Iokaste, the widow of king Laios. He didn't know that Iokaste was his mother. The Sphinx was very ashamed that someone had been able to solve the riddle, and killed itself. +Freud developed a whole theory, and he says that humans are driven, which is comomnly known as drive theory ("Triebtheorie" in German). He said that all children between ages three and five have what he called fantasies of incest. He also thought that the opposite case: the love of the same-sex parent, and the rivalry with the opposite-sex parent was normal. +After Freud, people like Carl Gustav Jung made a difference between the Oedipus complex they associated with boys, and a similar phenomenon they called Electra complex they associated with girls. + += = = Ostrov (Karlovy Vary District) = = = +Ostrov, also known as Ostrov nad Ohří (), is a town in Karlovy Vary District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. About 16,000 people lived there. + += = = First Empire of Haiti = = = +The First Empire of Haiti (), officially Empire of Haiti (), was an Elective Monarchy on the current Island of Hispaniola, after the Independence of Haiti on January 1, 1804 by Jean-Jacques Dessalines, the Empire would be founded until September 24, 1804, and would be crowned as "Jacques I of Haiti" on October 6 of that same year, he would be assassinated on October 17, 1806 and the Empire would be dissolved to give way to the State and Republic of Haiti, it is not related to the Second Empire of Haiti by Faustin Soulouque. +During the creation of the constitution, it was known for the banning of white people from Haiti, except for the nationalized Germans and Poles. + += = = Mělník = = = +Mělník () is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It is the capital of the Mělník District. About 20,000 people lived there. It is at the confluence of the Elbe and Vltava rivers, about north of Prague. + += = = Oleśnica = = = +Oleśnica is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. In 2019, 37,169 people lived there and its area is 20.96 km2. + += = = Chełm = = = +Chełm (; ) is a city in Lublin Voivodeship in Poland. It is about from the border with Ukraine. In 2015, 63,949 people lived there. + += = = Blarians = = = +Blarians is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Blussangeaux = = = +Blussangeaux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Blussans = = = +Blussans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Bolandoz = = = +Bolandoz is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Bondeval = = = +Bondeval is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Bonnal = = = +Bonnal is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Arguel, Doubs = = = +Arguel is a former commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune of Fontain. + += = = Bonnay, Doubs = = = +Bonnay is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Bonnay = = = +Bonnay is the name of three communes in France: + += = = Kamen Rider Build = = = +Kamen Rider Build is a Japanese tokusatsu drama in Kamen Rider Series. +Schedule. +Super Hero Time aired alongside "Uchu Sentai Kyuranger" and later "Kaitou Sentai Lupinranger VS Keisatsu Sentai Patranger". As the web series "Kamen Rider Amazons". + += = = Bouclans = = = +Bouclans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. On 1 January 2018, the former commune of Vauchamps was merged into Bouclans. + += = = Vauchamps, Doubs = = = +Vauchamps is a former commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the commune of Bouclans. + += = = Bourguignon, Doubs = = = +Bourguignon is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Bournois = = = +Bournois is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Braillans = = = +Braillans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Branne, Doubs = = = +Branne is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Aincourt = = = +Aincourt is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north-central France. + += = = Vauréal = = = +Vauréal is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north-central France. In 2019, 16,456 people lived there. +The commune is in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, from the center. + += = = Lee Yi-hsiu = = = +Lee Yi-hsiu ( ; born on 10 June 1988), known as History Bro (Chinese: ���), is a Taiwanese political activist, radio personality, and Internet celebrity. Lee has a master's degree. Lee supported Han Kuo-yu. Born in 1988 and raised in Kaohsiung, he has a YouTube channel. + += = = Campbell, California = = = +Campbell is a city in Santa Clara County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. In 2020, 43,959 people lived there. + += = = Vimpeli = = = +Vimpeli () is a municipality in Southern Ostrobothnia, Finland. It had 2,756 people living there on 31 December 2021. The municipalities next to it are Alajärvi, Lappajärvi, Perho and Veteli. +Villages. +Hallapuro, Huopana, Kirkonkylä, Koskela, Lakaniemi, Pokela, Pyhälahti, Rantakylä, Sääksjärvi, Viitaniemi and Vinni. + += = = Veteli = = = +Veteli () is a municipality in Central Ostrobothnia, Finland. It had 3,005 people living there on 31 December 2021. The municipalities next to it are Evijärvi, Halsua, Kaustinen, Kronoby, Lappajärvi, Perho and Vimpeli. + += = = Lestijärvi = = = +Lestijärvi is a municipality in Central Ostrobothnia, Finland. It had 719 people living there on 31 December 2021, that makes it the smallest municipality in Central Ostrobothnia by population. The municipalities next to it are Halsua, Kinnula, Kokkola, Perho, Reisjärvi, Sievi and Toholampi. + += = = Kauhava = = = +Kauhava is a town and municipality in Southern Ostrobothnia, Finland. It had 15,319 people living there on 31 December 2021. The municipalities next to it are Evijärvi, Isokyrö, Lappajärvi, Lapua, Nykarleby, Pedersöre, Seinäjoki and Vörå. +The bordering municipalities of Alahärmä, Kortesjärvi and Ylihärmä were merged with Kauhava on 1 January 2009. + += = = Saltillo Municipality = = = +Saltillo is one of the 38 municipalities of Coahuila, in northeastern Mexico. The municipal seat is Saltillo. The municipality covers an area of 6837 km2. +In 2005, the municipality had a total population of 648,929. + += = = Meinerzhagen = = = +Meinerzhagen is a town in Märkischer Kreis in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. About 21,000 people live there. It is in the Sauerland region. + += = = Hilden = = = +Hilden is a town in Mettmann in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. About 56,000 people live there. + += = = Breconchaux = = = +Breconchaux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Brères = = = +Brères is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Channel Islands Brussels Office = = = +The Channel Islands Brussels Office (CIBO) is an organisation which aims "to promote the interests of the Channel Islands in Europe, to represent the Channel Islands to the EU institutions, and to advise the governments of Guernsey and Jersey on EU policy issues." It was founded in 2011. + += = = Les Bréseux = = = +Les Bréseux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = La Bretenière, Doubs = = = +La Bretenière is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Bretigney = = = +Bretigney is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Bretigney-Notre-Dame = = = +Bretigney-Notre-Dame is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Brognard = = = +Brognard is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Buffard = = = +Buffard is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Burgille = = = +Burgille is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Burnevillers = = = +Burnevillers is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Busy, Doubs = = = +Busy is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = By, Doubs = = = +By is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Byans-sur-Doubs = = = +Byans-sur-Doubs is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Cademène = = = +Cademène is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Cendrey = = = +Cendrey is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Cernay-l'Église = = = +Cernay-l'Église is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Cessey = = = +Cessey is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Chalèze = = = +Chalèze is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. + += = = Sandstorm (1982 movie) = = = +Sandstorm (, , translit. Rih al-raml) is a 1982 Algerian drama movie directed by Mohammed Lakhdar-Hamina and starring Nadir Benguedih, Himmoud Brahimi, Leila Shenna, Sabrina Hannach, Albert Minski. + += = = Scinax = = = +Scinax is a genus of frogs (snouted treefrogs) in the family Hylidae. These frogs live in eastern and southern Mexico to Argentina and Uruguay, Trinidad and Tobago, and Saint Lucia. These are small to medium-sized tree frogs. Duellman and Wiens brought this genus back into use in 1992. The name originates from the Greek word "skinos", meaning fast-moving or nimble. +Species. +These species are in the genus "Scinax:" + += = = Ronald Ryan = = = +Ronald Joseph Ryan (21 February 1925 - 3 February 1967) was the last man hanged in Australia, there were many protests to commute his sentence however the governor of Victoria, Henry Bolte wanted him hanged. +Birth. +Ronald Ryan was born on 21 February 1925 at the Royal Women's Hospital in Melbourne's inner suburb of Carlton. +Protests. +Many people protested against the hanging on Ryan, with some comparing the premier Henry Bolte to Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, and calling for his death sentence to be commuted as he was believed to be innocent, however Bolte claimed that the next death sentence would go ahead no matter what, this led to him having to have the more progressive Rupert Hamer succeed him in 1972. +Execution. +Ryan was executed at 8am on 3 February 1967 at HM Prison Pentridge, Melbourne and his final words were "God bless you please make this quick". + += = = I Wake Up Screaming = = = +I Wake Up Screaming is a 1941 American psychological crime movie directed by H. Bruce Humberstone and was based on the novel of the same name. It stars Betty Grable, Victor Mature, Carole Landis, Allyn Joslyn, Laird Cregar, Chick Chandler, Cyril Ring and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = My Stupid Boss = = = +My Stupid Boss is a 2016 Indonesian Malaysian Bruneian adventure comedy movie directed by Upi Avianto and was based on the four part novel of the same name by Chaos@Work. It stars Reza Rahadian, Bunga Citra Lestari, Alex Abbad, Bront Palarae, Chew Kin Wah, Nadiya Nisaa. It was followed up in 2019 with "My Stupid Boss 2". + += = = High Sierra (movie) = = = +High Sierra is a 1941 American crime movie directed by Raoul Walsh and was based on the novel of the same name. It stars Humphrey Bogart, Ida Lupino, Arthur Kennedy, Joan Leslie, Joan Leslie, Henry Travers, Cornel Wilde, Jerome Cowan, Isabel Jewell, Elisabeth Risdon and was distributed by Warner Bros. + += = = Giant virus = = = +A giant virus is a very large virus. They are sometimes called a girus. Some of them are larger than typical bacteria. All known giant viruses belong to the phylum Nucleocytoviricota. +The genomes of many giant viruses code for unusual genes which are not found in other viruses. These include genes involved in glycolysis and the TCA cycle, fermentation, and the cytoskeleton. +The first giant viruses to be described were discovered in 1981. +Note, in the illustration from an electron microscope, the virus is surrounded by a thick (~100 nm) layer of filamentous protein fibres. +Origin. +There are two main hypotheses. Either they evolved from small viruses by picking up DNA from host organisms; or they evolved from very complicated organisms by genome reduction. + += = = Agribusiness = = = +Agribusiness (also called bio-business or bio-enterprise) refers to the enterprises, the industry, the system, and the field of study in agriculture and bio-economy. +The first goal of agribusiness is to maximize profit. + += = = Gutian people = = = +The Guti () or Quti, also known by the derived Gutians or Guteans, were a nomadic people of West Asia, around the Zagros Mountains (Modern Iran) during ancient times. +History. +Their homeland was known as Gutium (Sumerian: ,"Gu-tu-umki" or ,"Gu-ti-umki"). There has been little scholarly support for theories linking the Turkic names Kutrigur and Utigur to the Gutians. Widely believed to have spoken an Indo-European (rather than Turkic) language. Iranologist W. B. Henning proposed that the Yuezhi were descended from the Guti (Gutians) and a closely associated but little known tribe referred to as the Tukri (Turki), who were native to the Zagros mountains during the mid-3rd millennium BC. Analysing the grammatical structure of the Gutian language, German Assyriologists Benno Landsberger, however, came to the conclusion that the Gutians not only were closely related to Turkic peoples, but most probably even identical. + += = = Ribeira Square = = = +The Ribeira Square () is a historical square in Porto, Portugal. It is in the historical centre of the city and is designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. +The square is located in the historical district of Ribeira, part of the São Nicolau parish. The Ribeira district spreads alongside the Douro river. During the Middle Ages, Ribeira Square was the site of many shops that sold fish, bread, meat and other goods. + += = = Scinax ruber = = = +The red-snouted tree frog, Allen's snouted tree frog, common snouted tree frog or two-striped snouted tree frog ("Scinax ruber") is a frog that lives in Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela, Ecuador and the Guianas. Human beings also brought it to Puerto Rico. +The adult male frog is 3.1 to 3.7 cm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 4.0 to 4.2 cm long. The male frog is yellow or almost white in color and the female frog is brown or gray in color. This frog has dark brown spots down its sides and yellow or orange spots on its legs and middle. +This frog lives in trees and looks for food at night. This frog can lay eggs at any time, but it usually does when the weather is rainy. The male frog sits on a tree branch over the water and sings for the female frog. The female frog lays her eggs, about 590 eggs at a time, on plants near the water. When the tadpoles hatch from the eggs, they fall into the water. + += = = Vantablack = = = +Vantablack is a substance made of carbon nanotubes. Scientists at Surrey NanoSystems invented it in 2014. They invented it so scientists and engineers could use it in inventions. In 2016, artists started fighting over Vantablack, for example Anish Kapoor and Stuart Semple. +Vantablack can absorb 99.965 percent of the light that hits it. Because it absorbs so much light, it looks very dark and black. In 2014, it was the blackest black thing in the world. It could make a flat circle look like a deep hole. Artist Anish Kapoor thought Vantablack would be good in art. In 2016, Kapoor made a deal with Surrey NanoSystems. He bought the exclusive rights to use Vantablack in art. This means Kapoor is the only artist allowed to use that black paint. +Some artists did not like that Kapoor wanted to be the only artist who could use Vantablack paint. For example, Christian Furr said "All the best artists have had a thing for pure black – Turner, Manet, Goya... This black is like dynamite in the art world. We should be able to use it. It isn't right that it belongs to one man." +Another artist Stuart Semple invented another pigment in 2016. He named it "Pinkest Pink". Semple sold Pinkest Pink to other artists on his website. But he added words to the order form in which his buyers had to promise not to give any Pinkest Pink to Anish Kapoor: +By adding this product to your cart you confirm that you are not Anish Kapoor, you are in no way affiliated to Anish Kapoor, you are not purchasing this item on behalf of Anish Kapoor or an associate of Anish Kapoor. To the best of your knowledge, information and belief this paint will not make its way into the hands of Anish Kapoor. +Semple said: "I thought I might sell one or two, but the website itself would be almost like a piece of performance art, and the pink jar would be like an artwork." This means he did not think many people would care that he was not selling his pink paint to Anish Kapoor. He also said he did it "to raise a dialogue in a debate about ownership and elitism and privilege and access to the arts". +Anish Kapoor found out about Semple's rule. He posted a picture on Instagram. The picture had a jar of Pinkest Pink and a middle finger (an insulting hand signal) covered in Pinkest Pink. +Many people saw Kapoor's Instagram picture. They wrote to Semple asking him to make a black paint like Vantablack. In 2017, Semple made black pigments called "Better Black", "Black 2.0" and "Black 3.0". He made a glitter paint called "Diamond Dust". He would not sell any to Anish Kapoor. Semple's black paint was not as black as Vantablack, but it was very, very black. It was also much easier to use and cost much less money. One tube of Black 3.0 cost ₤21.99. Semple also opened an art store in London and said he would not let Anish Kapoor come inside it. +Anish Kapoor told Buzzfeed news that his lawyers would take action against Semple because Semple was using his name so people would buy paint from him. Semple said later that Kapoor never sued him. +In 2019, scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology made a paint even blacker than Vantablack. This paint could absorb 99.995 percent of light. MIT artist Diemut Strebe made artwork using this paint: Strebe painted a $2 million yellow diamond black with this paint. This made the diamond almost disappear. Strebe named the artwork "The Redemption of Vanity". It is at the New York Stock Exchange. +Strebe and the scientists said "The project can also be interpreted as a statement against British artist Anish Kapoor's purchase of" Vantablack. They said any artist who wanted could use their new paint. + += = = São Nicolau (Porto) = = = +São Nicolau () was a civil parish in the municipality of Porto, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Cedofeita, Santo Ildefonso, Sé, Miragaia, São Nicolau e Vitória. The population in 2011 was 1,906, in an area of 0.25 km2. + += = = Monke = = = +Monke may refer to: + += = = Government of Portugal = = = +The Government of Portugal is one of the four sovereignty bodies of the Portuguese Republic, together with the President of the Republic, the Assembly of the Republic and the courts. The government is responsible for the general politics of the country and is the superior body of the Portuguese public administration. +After the elections for the Assembly of the Republic or the resignation of the previous government, the president listens to the parties in the Assembly of the Republic and invites someone to form a government. +The prime minister chooses members of the council of ministers. Then the president swears in the prime minister and the Government. +Each government is identified by a roman number. The present government (formed in March 2022) is the XXIII Constitutional Government of Portugal since the establishment of the current democratic regime in 1976. + += = = John Monke = = = +John Monke (c. 1659 – 13 November 1701) was an English politician who was a Member of Parliament from 1689 to 1690. +Monke was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for New Shoreham in 1689 and stood until 1690. +Monke died in November 1701. + += = = Oostmalle Airfield = = = +Oostmalle Airfield is an airport in the Antwerp province of the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is east of the town of Zoersel, south of the town of Oostmalle, and west of the town of Wechelderzande, in the municipality of Malle. + += = = Overboelare Airfield = = = +Overboelare Airfield (, ) is a private use airport near Geraardsbergen, East Flanders, Belgium. + += = = List of airports in Belgium = = = +This is a list of airports (aerodromes and heliports) in Belgium, sorted by location. +Names in bold show airports with scheduled service on commercial airlines. + += = = Chiasmocleis = = = +Chiasmocleis is a genus of frogs in the family Microhylidae. They live in tropical South America north and east of the Andes. English speakers call them humming frogs or silent frogs. +Taxonomy. +Scientists have trouble deciding where to put this genus because it looks like not all of these frogs have the same ancestor. As of mid 2021, scientists agreed to put frogs that used to be in the genus "Syncope" into "Chiasmocleis", but they also agreed to make three clades into subgenera: +Of these, "Relictocleis" is the most different from the other two. Some scientists think it should be its own genus. "Relictocleis gnoma" would be its only species. +Description. +"Chiasmocleis" frogs have small bodies and small legs. The male and female frogs look different: Male frogs have darker chins, and some of them have spines. The frogs from the subgenus "Syncope" are even smaller and have fewer bones in their paws and tose. "Relictocleis" frogs are also very small. +Ecology. +"Chiasmocleis" live underground some or most of the time. They are hard to see against dirt or dead leaves. They only look for food on the surface for a few days during the time when they lay eggs. This is at the beginning of the rainy season. They live in both forests and open places. +Species. +These species are in "Chiasmocleis": + += = = Far Cry 2 = = = +Far Cry 2 is a 2008 first-person shooter game made by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. It is the second main game in the "Far Cry" series. The mobile version of the game is made and published by Gameloft. + += = = Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Siege = = = +Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Siege is an online tactical shooter video game made by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft. It was released around the world for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One on December 1, 2015; the game was also released for PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X and Series S on December 1, 2020. + += = = Pelodryadinae = = = +The Pelodryadinae are a subfamily of frogs. How these frogs are classified is disputed. They are found in Australo-Papuan regions. +Classification. +The Amphibian Species of the World puts the Pelodryadinae in the family Pelodryadidae. There are two genera: +The AmphibiaWeb says that Pelodryadinae are in the family Hylidae and have three genera: + += = = Ogdo Aksyonova = = = +Ogdo Yegorovna Aksenov () (February 8, 1936 in Boganida, Taymyr Autonomous Okrug, USSR - February 14, 1995 in Dudinka, Russia) was a Dolgan poet, founder of Dolgan written literature. +Biography. +Aksyonova was born in the family of a reindeer herder began writing poems in high school. For her story, "Paul Chuprin", in 1956 she was given the "Soviet Taimyr" award. She became a cultural worker, and in 1967 was awarded a "Badge of Honor." She published works in "Valery Kravets" ( "The Polar Truth") and in the popular magazine "Worker." +Later she printed poems and tales in the Dolgan language. Yakut printers promised to find the right fonts, which would take into account the specifics of Dolgan language. The book was published in 1973. It was called "Baraksan." In the second book, Aksenova wanted to build the whole song on the material. She called it "Songs Dolgan." +Ogdo Aksyonov died on the night of January 14, 1995. + += = = Deaths in 1995 = = = +The following is a list of deaths that should be noted in 1995. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting. +Each listing of death, must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, where they came from, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and a source. + += = = Deaths in January 1995 = = = +The following is a list of deaths that should be noted in January 1995. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting. +Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, where they came from, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and a source. + += = = Henry Bolte = = = +Henry Bolte (20 May 1908 - 4 January 1990) was Premier of Victoria from 1955 until 1972, he received criticism for refusing to commute Ronald Ryan's death sentence, this cost him support, allowing Dick (Rupert) Hamer to become the 39th Premier of Victoria. +Birth. +Bolte was born on 20 May 1908 in Ballarat, Australia. +Death penalty controversy. +When Ronald Ryan was sentenced to death, Henry Bolte supported this and said it would go on no matter what, which made him unpopular, he was compared to the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler. +Drink driving controversy. +On 24 March 1984, Bolte was involved in a serious head-on accident when he was driving home after an evening in the local hotel near his property at Bamganie. + += = = Dom Luís I Bridge = = = +The Dom Luís I Bridge (), or Luís I Bridge, is an arch bridge in Portugal. It goes across the River Douro. It connects the cities of Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia. + += = = Peneda-Gerês National Park = = = +The Peneda-Gerês National Park (, ), is a national park in northern Portugal. Created on 8 May 1971, it is the oldest protected area and the only national park in Portugal. The park have an area of . + += = = Far Cry 5 = = = +Far Cry 5 is a 2018 first-person action-adventure shooter game, made by Ubisoft Montreal and Ubisoft Toronto and published by Ubisoft. It is the successor to 2014's "Far Cry 4", and the fifth main game in the "Far Cry" series. + += = = Far Cry 4 = = = +Far Cry 4 is a 2014 first-person shooter game made by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft. It is the successor to the 2012 video game "Far Cry 3", and the fourth main game in the "Far Cry" series. + += = = Kamen Rider Zi-O = = = +Kamen Rider Zi-O is a Japanese tokusatsu drama in the Kamen Rider franchise. +Schedule. +Super Hero Time joining "Kaitou Sentai Lupinranger VS Keisatsu Sentai Patranger" and later, the miniseries "Super Sentai Strongest Battle" aired alongside "Kishiryu Sentai Ryusoulger". + += = = Ubisoft Montreal = = = +Ubisoft Divertissements Inc., known as Ubisoft Montreal, is a Canadian video game developer and a studio of Ubisoft based in Montreal. +Games made. +Ubisoft Montreal is the main developer for games in the "Assassin's Creed", "Far Cry", "Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six", and "Watch Dogs" series. + += = = Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six = = = +Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six is a video game franchise published by Ubisoft that is based on American author Tom Clancy's 1998 novel "Rainbow Six". The franchise and its games is about a fictional international counter-terrorist unit called "Rainbow". + += = = Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Extraction = = = +Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Extraction (originally known as Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Quarantine) is an online multiplayer tactical shooter video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft as a spin-off of "Rainbow Six Siege" (2015). The game was released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Amazon Luna, Google Stadia, Xbox One and Xbox Series X and Series S on January 20, 2022. It received mixed reviews from critics. + += = = Alentejo = = = +Alentejo ( , ) is a region of south–central and southern Portugal. In Portuguese, its name means "beyond () the Tagus river" ("Tejo"). + += = = Sopa de gato = = = +Sopa de gato (in English: "Cat soup") is a simple soup from southern Spain. It is served hot and is a suitable dish for the winter. Typical ingredients include water, bread, oil, garlic and salt. + += = = Thomas Johnson (murderer) = = = +Thomas Johnson ( March 1898 - 23 January 1939) was an Australian murder born in Tasmania in 1898, he was executed by hanging on 23 January 1939 at HM Prison Pentridge. + += = = Angelique Boyer = = = +Angelique Monique-Paulette Boyer Rousseau (born July 4, 1988, Saint-Claude, Jura, France), known as Angelique Boyer, is a French-Born Mexican actress. + += = = Deaths in February 1995 = = = +The following is a list of deaths that should be noted in February 1995. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting. +Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, where they came from, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and a source. + += = = Battle of Konotop (2022) = = = +The Battle of Konotop was a military engagement that took place around the city of Konotop, Ukraine between the military forces of Russia and Ukraine as part of the Northeastern Ukraine offensive during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. + += = = Peter I of Courtenay = = = +Peter of Courtenay (September 1126 - 10 April 1183) was a son of Louis VI of France. +He had many children. One of them was Peter II, Latin Emperor. + += = = Peter II of Courtenay = = = +Peter II (1155 - 1219) was Latin Emperor and the son of Peter I of Courtenay. + += = = María Teresa Jiménez Esquivel = = = +María Teresa Jiménez Esquivel (May 25, 1984, Valle de Bravo, State of Mexico) is a Mexican politician and current governor of Aguascalientes, member of the National Action Party and former deputy of the Chamber of Deputies, she was Municipal President of Aguascalientes. + += = = Yannick Jadot = = = +Yannick Jadot (born 27 July 1967) is a French environmentalist and politician. He has been a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since the 2009 European election, representing the West France constituency. +On 30 January 2021, Jadot announced that he would be running as a candidate in the 2022 French presidential election. In the primaries, he won 51.03 percent of the party’s votes, beating Sandrine Rousseau. He came in sixth place, winning 4.63% of the vote. + += = = Éric Zemmour = = = +Éric Justin Léon Zemmour (; born 31 August 1958) is a French far-right politician, political journalist, essayist, writer and pundit. He was an editor and panelist on "Face à l'Info", a daily show broadcast on CNews, from 2019 to 2021. +In late 2021, Zemmour declared his candidacy for President of France in the 2022 election. He created Reconquête, a new political party. He came in fourth place, winning 7.07% of the vote. + += = = Rhodesian Bush War = = = +The Rhodesian Bush War was a civil war in the British colony of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) from 1964 to 1979. +It was a triangular war. It was fought between the white Government of Rhodesia, the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (which was the military wing of Robert Mugabe's Zimbabwe African National Union), and the Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army of Joshua Nkomo's Zimbabwe African People's Union. +Rhodesia was supported by Estado Novo (Portugal) until 1974 and Apartheid South Africa. +After the war ended in 1979, Southern Rhodesia became independent as Zimbabwe in 1980. + += = = K. P. Thakkar = = = +Khatau Thakkar was an Indian swimmer. He won a gold medal in 1951 Asian Games in men's 3m springboard and 10m platform. He also won a bronze medal in 1954 Asian Games. He had won three Asian Games medals. The Government of India honored him with the Dhyan Chand Award in 2014. He died in 2016. + += = = Rajesh Singh = = = +Rajesh Kumar Singh (born 1968) is an Indian businessperson and movie producer. He is the founder and managing director of Dayal Group. He is noted for producing Hindi movies, "Fareb" (2005) and "Anwar" (2007). Singh received the Mahatma Gandhi Award in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh state Yogi Adityanath awarded him the Uttar Pradesh Ratna Award in 2020. +Biography. +He was born in 1968 in Varanasi, India and was raised in Lucknow. He ventured into business in 1997 and founded his company, Dayal Group of Companies, which is into real estate, education and movie production. +In 2005, Singh produced the Bollywood movie, "Fareb", starring Manoj Bajpayee. He produced by the romantic thriller "Anwar" in 2007. He founded Kunwar's Global School in Lucknow, which is run by Kunwar's Education Foundation, where Singh serves as the chairman. + += = = Vivek Agnihotri = = = +Vivek Agnihotri is an Indian movie director, movie producer, screenwriter and author. He works in Hindi cinema. He made his debut in Bollywood with the crime thriller film "Chocolate" in 2005 and has directed many films such as "Dhan Dhana Dhan Goal" (2007), "Hate Story" (2012), "Zid" (2014), " Buddha in a Traffic Jam" (2016) and "The Kashmir Files" (2022). +He won the National Film Award for Best Screenplay - Dialogues for "The Tashkent Files" (2019). He also won the Best Writer and Director at Jakarta International Film Festival for his movie, "Buddha in a Traffic Jam". In 2018, Vivek Agnihotri authored a book titled "Urban Naxals: The Making of Buddha in a Traffic Jam". +He is a member of the board of Central Board of Film Certification, India and a cultural representative of Indian Cinema at the Indian Council for Cultural Relations. + += = = Three Violent People = = = +Three Violent People is a 1957 American western movie directed by Rudolph Maté and starring Charlton Heston, Anne Baxter, Gilbert Roland, Tom Tyron, Forrest Tucker, Bruce Bennett, Elaine Stritch, Roy Engel. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Snot (rapper) = = = +Snot (born December 16, 1997) is an Americans rapper whose real name is Edy Edouard. He was born in New York City and started to upload his music to Soundcloud in 2016. Snot was starting to be famous after he released "Gosha" in September 2018. He began rapping when he was 17 years old. Snot has collaborated with Night Lovell, Wifisfuneral, and Cochise. + += = = Museu de Belles Arts de València = = = +The Museu de Belles Arts de València (; ; English: "Museum of Fine Arts of Valencia") is an art gallery in Valencia, Spain, founded in 1913. + += = = Rui Moreira (politician) = = = +Rui de Carvalho de Araújo Moreira (born 8 August 1956) is a Portuguese businessman and politician, he is the current Mayor of Porto. His term started on 22 October 2013, and he was re-elected for a new term on 1 October 2017 and 26 September 2021. He has been supported by the CDS – People's Party and has supported the IL – Liberal Initiative. + += = = Montjoie-le-Château = = = +Montjoie-le-Château (; German previously: "Frohberg") is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. + += = = Villars-lès-Blamont = = = +Villars-lès-Blamont (, literally "Villars near Blamont") is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. + += = = Corcelles-Ferrières = = = +Corcelles-Ferrières () is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. + += = = Dannemarie, Doubs = = = +Dannemarie (; unofficial also "Dannemarie-lès-Glay") is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. + += = = Fessevillers = = = +Fessevillers is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. + += = = Fontain = = = +Fontain is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. On 1 January 2019, the former commune Arguel was merged into Fontain. + += = = Goumois, Doubs = = = +Goumois is a commune in the department of Doubs, in the eastern French region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. + += = = Montfaucon, Doubs = = = +Montfaucon () is an affluent commune in the Doubs department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France. + += = = Nommay = = = +Nommay () is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. + += = = Quingey = = = +Quingey () is a commune and former canton seat in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. + += = = Zingem Heliport = = = +Zingem Heliport is a private heliport near Zingem, East Flanders, Belgium. + += = = Scinax x-signatus = = = +The Venezuelan snouted tree frog or Venezuela snouted tree frog (Scinax x-signatus) is a frog that lives in Brazil, Colombia, Suriname, and Venezuela. Human beings also brought it to Guadeloupe, Marie Galante, and La Désirade. + += = = Rosières-sur-Barbèche = = = +Rosières-sur-Barbèche () is a commune in the Doubs département in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. + += = = Vieux-Charmont = = = +Vieux-Charmont () is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. + += = = Francesca Caccini = = = +Francesca Caccini (; 18 September 1587 – after 1641) was an Italian composer, singer, lutenist, poet, and music teacher of the early Baroque era. + += = = Scinax nebulosus = = = +The blue-headed snouted tree frog or Spix's snouted tree frog ("Scinax nebulosus") is a frog that lives in Brazil, Venezuela, the Guianas, and Bolivia. + += = = Villers-Grélot = = = +Villers-Grélot () is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. + += = = Jigarthanda (2016 movie) = = = +Jigarthandaa () is a 2016 Indian Kannada-language satirical black comedy film. It was directed by Shiva Ganesh, written by Karthik Subbaraj and produced by Kichcha Creations and SRV Productions. The film was a remake of the 2014 Tamil film of the same name which itself was inspired by the 2006 South Korean movie "A Dirty Carnival". +It stars Rahul and Samyukta Hornad along with P. Ravi Shankar, Chikkanna, Dharma, K. Manju, Guruprasad, Sadhu Kokila and Veena Sundar in supporting roles. Arjun Janya composed film's score and soundtrack. It released on June 24, 2016. + += = = Mainz Republic = = = +The Republic of Mainz was the first democratic state in the current German territory. It was in Mainz. It was made because of the French Revolutionary Wars. It lasted from March to July 1793. + += = = AB Aurigae b = = = +Aurigae b (or AB Aur b) is a protoplanet in the Protoplanetary disk of the star AB Aurigae. The star is about 505 light years from Earth. It is a young star, about two million years old. The star and everything in its system are in its early stages. In this growing solar system, astronomers can see the formation of the new gas giant. They can learn if the theories they have created about how stars are formed are correct. +The current theory of “core accretion” says that planets are formed from small objects collecting dust, gas, and other materials as they all orbit a star. +Aurigae b has about 9 times the mass of Jupiter. This would make it about 12,000 times bigger than Earth. The planet has an orbit of 8.6 billion miles from its star. This is twice the distance between our sun and Pluto. It is thought that core accretion could not happen this far from a star. +An other theory. called “disk instability”, says that Aurigae b could have been formed in a more “top-down” process. It say that the protoplanetary disk is cooling and quickly breaking up. When this happens, gravity causes gas and matter to come together and form new planets. +These findings come from an international team who used the adaptive optics system, infrared spectrography, and visible camera of the Subaru Telescope as well as the Hubble Space Telescope. The team was only able to collect solid evidence by using a variety of techniques and working with different groups. The findings were published by the University of Arizona. Their findings are creating a large number of discussions because this evidence supports what might be new facts in astronomy + += = = Collegium Carolinum (Kassel) = = = +The Collegium Carolinum (also known as ) was a scientific institution in Kassel. It was founded in 1709 by Charles I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel. It was closed after the death of Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel in 1785. + += = = Chiasmocleis anatipes = = = +The Santa Cecilia humming frog ("Chiasmocleis anatipes") is a species of frog. It is in the family Microhylidae. It is from northeastern Ecuador. It lives in parts of Peru and Colombia too. The species name "anatipes" is from its "duck-like" feet. Scientists have seen it between 200 and 400 meters above sea level. +The adult male frog is 18.0 to 19.4 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 25.0 to 30.0 mm long. It lives in primary and secondary forest. It lives in the same area as other frogs with the same ancestor frog: "Chiasmocleis bassleri" and "Ctenophryne geayi". It looks for food at night. People tend to see them sitting on plants no more than 25 cm above the ground. +When it is time to lay eggs, the male frogs go to ponds. They sing together for the female frogs. The female frogs lay eggs near the surface of the water. The tadpoles swim alone near the surface of the water during the day. +Scientsts found red ants in the stomach of one humming frog. They think this frog eats ants. + += = = José Andrade = = = +José Andrade (22 November 1901 - 5 October 1957) is an Uruguayan footballer. He enjoyed great success as a player for the Uruguay national football team, with which he also won the first World Cup. Andrade was described as an intelligent and calm player who never celebrated his goals exuberantly. He was a dynamic, fast and highly technical player who was able to dominate on the pitch without influencing his teammates. During his prime he was considered as one of the greatest defensive midfielders in the world. +Early days. +Andrade was born in Salto in 1901 to an Argentine mother. José Ignacio Andrade, who is said to have been his father, is listed on his birth certificate as a witness. The elder Andrade, who was 98 years old when José Leandro Andrade was born, was an expert in African magic and is said to be an African-born slave who escaped from Brazil. At an early age, Andrade went to live with his aunt in a slum in Montevideo. +Prior to the introduction of professional football in Uruguay, Andrade held a number of jobs. At one point he worked as a carnival musician, playing mainly the drums. At various times in his life he also worked as a shoe shiner and as a newsboy. +Club career. +In addition to his passion for music, Andrade was an avid footballer. In youth he played football for Miramar Misiones. In the early 1920s, Andrade signed with Bella Vista, where he went on to play 71 games and score 7 goals. It was at Bella Vista that Andrade was first selected to the national team. Andrade later moved to Nacional where he became four-time Uruguayan champions and three national cups. In 1930, Andrade moved to CA Peñarol, where he played 88 games in the years that followed. Andrade had previously trained with the club as a teenager but was not hired at the time. From the mid - 1930s, Andrade played for several Argentine clubs including CA Atlanta and CA Lanús CA Talleres. He also played a short stint with Wanderers in Uruguay before ending his career. +International career. +Andrade played 34 caps for the Uruguay national football team between 1923 and 1930, scoring once. +South American Championship. +Andrade won the South American Championship (predecessor to the Copa América ) of 1923, 1924 and 1926. +1924 Summer Olympics. +Andrade won his first Olympic gold medal at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. He was recognized as the first black international footballer in the Olympics. He was nicknamed maravilla negra ( the black miracle ), a nickname later used for Pelé. +After winning the Summer Olympics, the Uruguayans were challenged by Argentina to a diptych. In the second game at the Estadio Sportivo Barracas in Buenos Aires, Andrade was pelted with stones by the Argentine crowd, to which Andrade and his teammates responded by throwing the stones back. In the ensuing riots, a teammate was arrested and the Uruguayans refused to play out the rest of the game. +1928 Summer Olympics. +In 1928 Andrade won his second Olympic gold medal at the 1928 Summer Olympics, held in Amsterdam. During the semi-final against Italy, Andrade collided with one of the goal posts, resulting in a serious injury to his eye. This later deteriorated to the point that he became blind in that eye. +1930 FIFA World Cup. +Despite not being at his peak, Andrade managed to become one of Uruguay's best players in the tournament, which the Uruguayans won. At the end of the tournament, he was named to the "All-Star team". In 1994 he was selected by France Football as number ten in their World Cup Top 100. +A plaque was placed in the Estadio Centenario in honor of his achievements. +Life after football. +Andrade was a guest at the 1950 World Cup, when Uruguay won the tournament for the second time. His cousin Víctor Rodríguez Andrade, a member of the 1950 winning team, had adopted Andrade as his middle name in honor of José Leandro Andrade. +In 1956, when he was discovered by the German journalist Fritz Hack, he had descended from alcoholism and was living in a small flat in a poor area of ​​Montevideo. +Andrade died in 1957 in the Piñeyro del Campo nursing home in Montevideo from the effects of tuberculosis. His burial took place at Cementerio del Cerro, Montevideo. + += = = Chiasmocleis bassleri = = = +Bassler's humming frog ("Chiasmocleis bassleri") is a frog that lives in Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil and Peru. +The adult male frog is 16.8 to 20.3 mm long from nose to rear end, and the adult female frog is 19.5 to 21.6 mm long. This frog lives in primary and secondary forest no higher than 300 meters above sea level. It lives in the same places as other frogs with the same ancestor frog: "Chiasmocleis tridactyla", "Chiasmocleis antenori", "Chiasmocleis carvalhoi", "Chiasmocleis anatipes", "Ctenophryne geayi", and others. +This frog is a uniform brown-gray color on its back with black marks near its middle. It has pink spots on its sides. +It looks for food at night. It can dig in the ground to make burrows. Human beings have seen it on the ground and as high as 20 cm up in the plants. + += = = Tepic = = = +Tepic (), is the largest city and capital of the municipality of the same name and of the State of Nayarit. + += = = Chiasmocleis antenori = = = +The Ecuador silent frog ("Chiasmocleis antenori") is a species of frog. It is in the family Microhylidae. They are from Ecuador, Peru and small parts of western Brazil. +Etymology. +The name "antenori" is for Antenor Leitão de Carvalho. +Description. +The male frog is 11.7 mm to 12.2 mm long from nose to rear end. The female is 12.3 mm to 13.8 mm long. Ecuador silent frogs are brown with a bluish-white stomachs. They have red irises in their eyes. The frogs have three fingers on their front feet and four toes on their back feet. + += = = Yolanda Díaz = = = +Yolanda Díaz Pérez (born 6 May 1971) is a Spanish politician and lawyer specialised in labour law, serving as Second Deputy Prime Minister since 2021 and Minister of Labour and Social Economy of the Government of Spain since 2020. A member of the Congress of Deputies since 2016, she has previously been a former Ferrol municipal councillor (2003–2012) and member of the Parliament of Galicia (2012–2016). She was the National Coordinator of Esquerda Unida (EU) from 2005 to 2017. + += = = Ctenophryne geayi = = = +The brown egg frog ("Ctenophryne geayi") is a species of frog. It is in the family Microhylidae. It lives in Suriname, Guyana, Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. Scientists have seen it as high as 600 meters above sea level. +The adult male frog is 32.2 to 43.3 mmt long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 42.4 to 55.1 mm long. This frog looks for food at night. This frog is easiest to find during the rainy season. That is when the females lay eggs. They lay eggs at the edges of ponds. The tadpoles hatch after 36 hours. They spend 12 hours stuck to the surface of the water before they start to swim. + += = = Villers-Saint-Martin = = = +Villers-Saint-Martin is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. + += = = National Guard (France) = = = +The National Guard () is a French military, gendarmerie, and police reserve force, it is active in its current form since 2016 but was originally founded in 1789 during the French Revolution. + += = = Reinhilde Decleir = = = +Reinhilde Decleir (16 May 1948 – 6 April 2022) was a Flemish actress and director. In 2009, she had the lead role as Maria 'moemoe' Vangenechten in the television series "Van Vlees en Bloed". +Decleir died at the age of 73 from euthanasia in Borgerhout, Belgium while having cancer on 6 April 2022. + += = = Shamsha Berkimbayeva = = = +Shamsha Kopbaevna Berkimbayeva (; 10 October 1942 – 7 April 2022) was a Kazakh academic and politician. She was Minister of Education and Science from 2002 to 2003. +Berkimbayeva died on 7 April 2022 at the age of 79. + += = = Minori Matsushima = = = + was a Japanese actress. She worked for Aoni Production. She was most known for the roles of Candice White Adley in "Candy Candy", Hiyoko Isu in "The Song of Tentomushi", Alexandria Meat in "Kinnikuman", Sayaka Yumi in "Mazinger Z", Hiroshi Ichikawa in "Kaibutsu-kun", Dororo in "Dororo" and Gyopi in "Goldfish Warning!". +Matsushima was born in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. She died on April 8, 2022 at age 81 from pancreatic cancer. + += = = José Vilariño = = = +José Antonio Vilariño (19 May 1961 – 8 April 2022) was an Argentine engineer and politician. He was a member of the Victory Party. He was in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies from 1995 to 1999 and again from 2003 to 2015. He was born in San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, Argentina. +Vilariño died of cardiac arrest in Buenos Aires, Argentina on 8 April 2022 at the age of 60. + += = = Chris Bailey (musician) = = = +Christopher James Mannix Bailey (1957 – 9 April 2022) was an Australian singer-songwriter, musician and producer. He was the co-founder and singer of rock band the Saints. +Bailey died on 9 April 2022 at the age of 65. + += = = Michael Degen = = = +Michael Degen (31 January 1932 – 9 April 2022) was a German-Israeli actor. His career began in 1963. His best known works were "Supermarket", "Beyond Good and Evil" and "Dr. M". +Degen survived the Holocaust as a child in Berlin. His father died in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in 1940. +Degen died on 9 April 2022 in Hamburg, Germany at the age of 90. + += = = Sergei Yashin = = = +Sergei Anatolievich Yashin (6 March 1962 – 12 April 2022) was a Russian professional ice hockey left winger. Yashin played in the Soviet Hockey League for HC Dynamo Moscow. He was also a member of the Soviet Union national ice hockey team and played in the 1988 Winter Olympics where he won a gold medal. Yashin was born in Penza, Soviet Union. +Yashin died on 12 April 2022 at the age of 60. + += = = Hans Junkermann = = = +Hennes "Hans" Junkermann (6 May 1934 – 11 April 2022) was a German professional racing cyclist who won 35 road races in 18 seasons from 1956 to 1973. He won the German National Road Race in 1959, 1960, and 1961. Junkermann was born in St. Tönis, near Krefeld, Rhine Province. He rode the Tour de France eight times. +Junkermann died on 11 April 2022, aged 87. + += = = Mohammad Hussain (cricketer) = = = +Mohammad Hussain (8 October 1976 – 11 April 2022) was a Pakistani cricketer. He played in 2 Tests and 14 ODIs between 1996 and 1998. Hussain was born in Lahore, Pakistan. +Hussain died on 11 April 2022 at a hospital in Lahore from problems caused by kidney disease, aged 45. + += = = Joe Horlen = = = +Joel Edward Horlen (August 14, 1937 – April 11, 2022) an American professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1961 to 1972 for the Chicago White Sox and Oakland Athletics. He was born in San Antonio, Texas. +In 2017, it was announced that he had Alzheimer's disease. He died on April 11, 2022 at the age of 84. + += = = Gábor Görgey = = = +Gábor Görgey (born "Artúr Görgey"; 22 November 1929 – 11 April 2022) was a Hungarian writer, poet, director and politician. He was Minister of Culture between 2002 and 2003. +Görgey died on 11 April 2022 in Solymár, Hungary at the age of 92. + += = = Eduardo Guardia = = = +Eduardo Refinetti Guardia (January 19, 1966 – ) was a Brazilian economist and politician. He was the Finance Minister of Brazil from 2018 to 2019 during the Michel Temer presidency. He was Executive Secretary of the Ministry of Finance from 2016 and 2018 and Secretary of the National Treasury in the early 2000s. In 2019, he became a partner in and the CEO of BTG Pactual Asset management. Guardia was born in São Paulo, Brazil. +On April 11, 2022, it was announced that Guardia had died at the age of 56. + += = = 2022 New York City Subway attack = = = +On April 12, 2022, at approximately 8:45 AM, a gunman opened fire on a subway car at 36th Street Station in Brooklyn, New York City, United States. At least 29 people were injured, 10 of whom were hit by gunfire. Authorities said none of the injuries were life-threatening. The gunman was reported to have used a smoke bomb before firing. 62 year-old Frank Robert James, the suspect, was later arrested by police. He is reported to have addresses in Philadelphia and in Wisconsin. +He was arrested on April 13, 2022 by the New York City Police Department for terrorism. + += = = Mohammad Feyz Sarabi = = = +Ayatollah Mohammad Feyz Sarabi (; 23 August 1928 – 11 April 2022) was an Iranian Shiite cleric and politician. He was a member of the 4th and 5thAssembly of Experts from the East Azerbaijan electorate from 2006 until his death. He was born in Sarab, East Azerbaijan, Iran. +Feyz Sarabi died on 11 April 2022 in Qom, Iran at the age of 93. + += = = Daniel Defert = = = +Daniel Defert (born 10 September 1937 died 7 February 2023) is a French sociologist and HIV/AIDS activist. He was a partner to academic Michel Foucault. Defert co-founded France's first AIDS advocacy group, AIDES, after Foucault's death from the disease. + += = = Estela Rodríguez = = = +Estela Rodríguez Villanueva (November 12, 1967 – April 10, 2022) was a Cuban judoka. She won silver medals at the 1992 and 1996 Summer Olympics. She used the illegal diuretic drug called furosemide at the 1996 Olympics, but was only issued a warning and was allowed to keep her medals. She was born in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. +Rodríguez died in Havana, Cuba on April 10, 2022 from cardiac arrest at the age of 54. + += = = Ray McKinley = = = +Ray McKinley (June 18, 1910 – May 7, 1995) was an American jazz drummer, singer, and bandleader. +Early career. +McKinley started working with local bands in the Dallas–Fort Worth area, before joining Smith Ballew in 1929, when he met Glenn Miller. The two formed a friendship that lasted from 1929 until Miller's death in 1944. McKinley and Miller joined the Dorsey Brothers in 1934. Miller left for Ray Noble in December 1934, while McKinley remained. +After Dorsey brothers. +The Dorsey brothers split in 1935. McKinley remained with Jimmy Dorsey until 1939, when he joined Will Bradley, becoming co-leader. McKinley's biggest hit with Bradley, as a singer, was "Beat Me Daddy, Eight to the Bar", which he recorded early in the year 1940 (and for which he got partial songwriting credit under his wife's maiden name Eleanore Sheehy). McKinley is referred to as "Eight Beat Mack" in the lyrics to the song "Down the Road a Piece," which he recorded as a trio with Will Bradley and Freddie Slack in 1940. This was the earliest recording of the song, which was written specifically for Bradley's band by Don Raye. +McKinley and Bradley split in 1942 and McKinley formed his own band, which recorded for Capitol Records. The McKinley band was short-lived. When McKinley broke up the band, he joined Glenn Miller's Army Air Force band, which he co-led with arranger Jerry Gray after Miller's disappearance in December 1944. Upon being discharged at the end of the following year, McKinley formed an excellent, remarkably modern big band that featured a book of original material by legendary arranger Eddie Sauter (along with a helping of novelty vocals by the leader). Sam Butera, later of the back-up band for Louis Prima was also a member. +But with the business in decline, by 1950 that band was history and McKinley began evolving into a part-time leader and sometime radio and TV personality. +McKinley and Bradley split in 1942 and McKinley formed his own band, which recorded for Capitol Records. The McKinley band was short-lived. When McKinley broke up the band, he joined Glenn Miller's Army Air Force band, which he co-led with arranger Jerry Gray after Miller's disappearance in December 1944. Upon being discharged at the end of the following year, McKinley formed an excellent, remarkably modern big band that featured a book of original material by legendary arranger Eddie Sauter (along with a helping of novelty vocals by the leader). Sam Butera, later of the back-up band for Louis Prima was also a member. +Ray McKinley's last recording session was in 1977 for Chirascuro records. + += = = Hazem Nuseibeh = = = +Hazem Zaki Nuseibeh (6 May 1922 – 10 April 2022), also spelled Nusseibeh and Nusaybah, was a Jordanian politician. He was Minister of Foreign Relations from 1962 until 1965. He was also a Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 1976 until 1985. He was seen as one of the most important ideologists of Arab nationalism. Nuseibeh was born in Jerusalem, Mandatory Palestine. +Nuseibeh died on 10 April 2022, one month before his 100th birthday. + += = = Jill Knight = = = +Joan Christabel Jill Knight, Baroness Knight of Collingtree, (; 9 July 1923 – 6 April 2022) was a British politician. She was a member of the Conservative Party. She was a Member of Parliament from 1966 to 1997. She was later a member of the House of Lords from 1997 until 2016. She was appointed an MBE in 1964 and DBE in 1985. Knight was born in Bristol, England. +Knight died on 6 April 2022, aged 98. + += = = Oleksandr Bakumenko = = = +Oleksandr Borysovych Bakumenko (; 29 April 1959 – 11 April 2022) was a Ukrainian politician. He was a member of European Solidarity. He was in the Verkhovna Rada from 2014 to 2019. +Bakumenko died on 11 April 2022 at the age of 62. + += = = Andrea Brillantes = = = +Andrea Brillantes (born March 12, 2003) is a Filipino actress. She is known for Marga Bartolome in the Filipino show "Kadenang Ginto" + += = = William Walker (cyclist) = = = +William Walker (born 31 October 1985) is a retired Australian professional road racing cyclist. He was born in Subiaco, Western Australia. He won a silver medal at the 2005 UCI World Championships. +Walker retired in 2014 after having a case of ventricular tachycardia. + += = = Problem Child (movie) = = = +Problem Child is a 1990 American dark comedy movie directed by Dennis Dugan. It stars John Ritter, Michael Oliver, Amy Yasbeck, Gilbert Gottfried, Jack Warden, and Michael Richards. It was released on July 27, 1990 to strong negative critic reviews. The movie performed good at the box office. +It had two sequels, "Problem Child 2" (1991) and "" (1995). + += = = Chiara Frugoni = = = +Chiara Frugoni (4 February 1940 – 9 April 2022) was an Italian historian and academic. Her works focused in the Middle Ages and church history. She won the Viareggio Prize in 1994 for her essay, "Francesco e l'invenzione delle stimmate". She taught at the University of Pisa and at the University of Rome Tor Vergata. +Frugoni died on 10 April 2022, at the age of 82. + += = = Chiasmocleis albopunctata = = = +The white-spotted humming frog ("Chiasmocleis albopunctata") is a frog that lives in Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Brazil. + += = = Chiasmocleis leucosticta = = = +The Santa Catarina humming frog or Bokermann's humming frog ("Chiasmocleis leucosticta") is a frog that lives in Brazil. + += = = John Drew (basketball) = = = +John Edward Drew (September 30, 1954 – April 10, 2022) was an American professional basketball player. He played as a small forward. He played eleven seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1974 until 1984 for the Atlanta Hawks and Utah Jazz. Drew was a two-time NBA All-Star. Drew was born in Vredenburgh, Alabama. +Drew died of bone cancer on April 10, 2022 in Houston, Texas at the age of 67. + += = = Philippe Boesmans = = = +Philippe Boesmans (17 May 1936 – 10 April 2022) was a Belgian composer. He was known for composing operas. Boesmans was born in Tongeren, Belgium. He was composer in residence at the La Monnaie opera house in Brussels. He also composed the opera "Reigen" was premiered in 1993. His opera "Au monde" won the International Opera Award 2015. +Boesmans died after a short illness on 10 April 2022 in Brussels, Belgium, at the age of 85. + += = = 2022 Sacramento shooting = = = +On April 3, 2022, at around 2:00 a.m. PDT, a mass shooting happened in downtown Sacramento, California, United States. Six people were killed, and 12 others were injured. The shooting was caused by a gang fight between Bloods and Crips members. +The shooting happened outside a well known bar and club area in Sacramento, blocks away from the California State Capitol building. The shooting caused damage to at least three buildings and three vehicles. +"The Sacramento Bee" described it as the "worst mass shooting in Sacramento's history". Five shooters are suspected to be involved in the incident. +President Joe Biden called on the United States Congress to work on new gun control measures. He proposed a requirement of checking people's background for gun purchases and a ban of ghost guns. + += = = Brent Rivera = = = +Brent Rivera is an American YouTuber and social media personality. He is mostly known for making funny videos on the +video platforms TikTok and YouTube. + += = = Jim Kolbe = = = +James Thomas Kolbe (born June 28, 1942 – December 3, 2022) was an American politician. He was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives for Arizona's 5th congressional district from 1985 until 2003 and for the 8th congressional district from 2003 until 2007. +Kolbe came out as gay in August 1996 after his vote in favor of the Defense of Marriage Act. He won re-election that year. In 2000, he became the first openly gay person to address the Republican National Convention. +In 2018, Kolbe left the Republican Party as a protest from President Donald Trump. +Kolbe supported Joe Biden for president in the 2020 presidential election. +In December 2022, Kolbe died from a stroke. + += = = Kacy Catanzaro = = = +Kacy Esther Catanzaro (born January 14, 1990) is an American professional wrestler, gymnast and television personality. She works for WWE on the NXT brand. Catanzaro was previously on "American Ninja Warrior". She was the first woman to complete a City Qualifiers course and the first woman to complete a City Finals course. +Early life and education. +Catanzaro was born in Glen Ridge, New Jersey. She grew up in nearby Belleville where she attended Belleville High School. Catanzaro is of Italian descent. She stands about 5 ft (1.524 m) tall and weighs . She began doing gymnastics at age 5. She attended Towson University in Towson, Maryland, from 2009 until 2012. At Towson, she studied early childhood education. +Gymnastics career. +Junior Olympic. +Catanzaro was a Junior Olympic gymnast. She began her training at age 6. She reached level 10 in 2007 and competed at the 2007 New Jersey Level 10 State Championships. At the State Championships, she placed fifth in the Senior-A division. In 2008, Catanzaro competed at the 2008 New Jersey Level 10 State Championships. This time she placed third. This allowed her to compete at the 2008 Junior Olympic National Championships. She finished 23rd overall at Nationals. She finished 6th on the balance beam. +NCAA. +Catanzaro competed in gymnastics for Towson in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). She started in the 2009 season. Catanzaro helped the Towson Tigers gymnastics team win the Eastern College Athletic Conference Championships in 2009 and 2010. In 2012, her senior year, she was the Southeast Regional Gymnast of the Year. She was also the 2012 Eastern College Athletic Conference Gymnast of the Year and was the top-ranked gymnast in that conference for that year. +Obstacle competitor career. +American Ninja Warrior. +Catanzaro worked for Alpha Warrior from February 2013. It is an obstacle-course gym in San Antonio, Texas. +She spent two years training for "American Ninja Warrior". She did not complete the qualifying course in Venice, California, but was a wildcard at the 2013 finals. +In 2014, Catanzaro became the first woman to finish the qualifying course of "American Ninja Warrior" (season 6). She made it up the warped wall on her second try at 5:26.18 at the Dallas qualifiers. She was ranked 21 out of 30 people. She was also the first woman to ever make it up the warped wall in competition. Later in 2014, Catanzaro competed in the Dallas finals of "American Ninja Warrior". She was the first woman to complete a city finals course. She was only the second woman to attempt it. The first was Jessie Graff in season 5). Catanzaro qualified for the national finals in Las Vegas with a time of 8 minutes, 59 seconds. No other woman competed in a City Finals course matched until 2019. +Professional wrestling career. +WWE. +NXT (2017–present). +On January 4, 2017, Catanzaro received a tryout with WWE at their WWE Performance Center. She had her first match at a NXT live event on April 19, in Sanford, Florida. She lost to Reina González. +Catanzaro continued to make appearances during 2018. She wrestles as a face and takes inspiration from WWE's Alexa Bliss's slogan "Five Feet of Fury". This also refers to Catanzaro's own small size. The 2nd episode of the Mae Young Classic aired on September 12, Catanzaro had her first televised match, She beat Reina Gonzalez in the first round match. On Episode 5, she lost in the second round to Rhea Ripley. On January 27, 2019, Catanzaro had her first match on the main roster. She entered the Royal Rumble at number 19 and lasting 10:45. She was eliminated by Ripley. Her first NXT match was on March 13. +In September 2019, it was reported that Catanzaro had quit the WWE and retired from professional wrestling because of a long term back injury. She returned on the January 15, 2020 episode of "NXT" in a women's battle royal. Catanzaro said that she took some time off because she had doubts about continuing in the Professional Wrestling business. On the September 16 episode of "NXT", Catanzaro teamed with Kayden Carter. They beat beat Jessi Kamea and Xia Li. The next week, she competed in a battle royal to chose the number one contender for the NXT Women's Championship. Catanzaro beat Indi Hartwell to reach the final four. She lost to Dakota Kai, with help from Candice LeRae. +Catanzaro and Carter took part in the 2021 Women's Dusty Rhodes Tag Team Classic tournament. They beat Mercedes Martinez and Toni Storm in the quarterfinals. They were beaten by Dakota Kai and Raquel González in the semifinals. +On the August 24 episode of "NXT", after beating Gigi Dolin and Jacy Jayne, Catanzaro and Carter said that they were going after the NXT Women's Tag Team Championship. They got their chance on the next episode but lost to champions Io Shirai and Zoey Stark. + += = = Bridgerton = = = +Bridgerton is an American series created by Chris Van Dusen and produced by Shonda Rhimes. It is based on Julia Quinn's novels set in the Regency era. It is Rhimes's first scripted Netflix show. +"Bridgerton"s first season was released on Netflix on December 25, 2020. +In April 2021, it was announced the series had been renewed for a third and fourth season. +Plot. +The Bridgerton siblings – Anthony, Benedict, Colin, Daphne, Eloise, Francesca, Gregory and Hyacinth – navigate the high London society in search of love, surrounded by friends and rivals . Each episode includes narration by Julie Andrews, who voices the anonymous and scandalous newsletter writer known as Lady Whistledown, who has knowledge of all the information in London, drawing everyone's interest, even Queen Charlotte. +Unlike the novel, the show is set in a racially integrated London where people of color are members of the high society of London at that time , some with titles granted by the queen. Van Dusen says the series is not "color-blind" because "that would imply that color and race were never considered, when color and race are part of the show." +Filming. +Filming for the first season commenced in July 2019 and ended in late February 2020. "Bridgerton" was filmed in London and Bath, as well as at various estates and parks around England. Although the series takes place in London, most street scenes were filmed in Bath, York, and Chatham. The grounds of Wilton House were used for Hyde Park and the grounds of Somerley were used for Hampstead Heath. Garden scenes were filmed at Painshill near Cobham and the Commissioner's House in Chatham. +Filming locations included Ranger's House in Greenwich (standing in for the Bridgerton House exterior); Halton House at RAF Halton (Bridgerton House interior, Featheringtons' interior); Wilton House (Simon's Hastings House, Clyvedon estate interior, throne room); Syon House and Badminton House (Hastings House); Castle Howard (Clyvedon estate); Coneysthorpe (Clyvedon village); Hampton Court Palace and Lancaster House (St. James's Palace); Holburne Museum (Lady Danbury's estate); Hatfield House (Featheringtons' interior); No. 1 Royal Crescent +Production on the second season began in March 2021. Production for the second season ended on November 20, 2021. +Music. +Kris Bowers arranged the songs and soundtrack of the series. The series included contemporary covers from popular songs such as Ariana Grande's "Thank u next" and Taylor Swift's "Wildest dream". The first season of the series featured 19 songs and soundtracks. +Release. +"Bridgerton" was released on December 25, 2020. The teaser and promotional posters were released in the months prior. The second season was released on March 25, 2022. +Reception. +For the first season, the website Rotten Tomatoes reported an approval rating of 87% based on 97 reviews, with an average rating of 7.9/10. +For the second season, Rotten Tomatoes reported an approval rating of 79% based on 76 reviews, with an average rating of 7.1/10. +Impact. +Following the series success, Netflix in May 2021 ordered a prequel series from Shonda Rhimes. It is to focus on the love life of young Queen Charlotte. + += = = Little Trees = = = +Little Trees (Also called Wunder Baum, Arbre Magique and Magic Tree in the United Kingdom until 2011) is a company that makes car fresheners shaped like evergreen trees. Little Trees is owned by Car Freshener Corporation. Little Trees are usually hung from rear-view mirrors. They were invented in 1952 by Julius Samann, a Jewish Canadian who left Germany to escape the Nazis. Little Trees usually last a month before losing their smell. In November 2015, Car Freshener Corporation made one hundred million USD a year. In 2022, it was making $84.5 million a year. +History. +Little Trees were invented in 1952 by Julius Sämann in a rented garage in Watertown, New York. Julius Samann was a Jew from Germany who left Germany and immigrated to Canada at the start of World War II to escape the Nazis. In Canada, Sämann studied the smell of Alpine Trees for five years. Sämann invented Little Trees after a milk driver complained to him about the smell of spilled milk. Julius Samann filed a patent for Little Trees in 1954. Little Trees was the first car freshener. +Locations. +The headquarters is in Watertown, New York, but it has 2 factories in total in the United States. The other factory is in Dewitt, Iowa. There used to be a third factory in Berlin, New Hampshire, but in April 2012 it was announced that it would close. Little Trees had several locations in Watertown in the 1950s and 1960s. Little Trees has around 310 people working at the factories in the United States. Little Trees is called Wunder Baum in Germany, Poland, Norway, Finland and Sweden. Little Trees is called Arbre Magique in France, Spain and Italy. Little Trees was called Magic Trees in the United Kingdom until they announced they would change their name to Little Trees in 2011. On March 22, 2020 the factory in Watertown, New York closed for a short time and fired many workers because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cheryl Mayforth estimated that 20 to 30 percent of workers would be fired by the end of the pandemic. +Trademark. +The company is very serious about its trademark and has filed over 70 lawsuits. +Laws against Little Trees. +Hanging things from rear-view mirrors in a way that could make it hard for drivers to see is illegal in Quebec, Switzerland, and Luxembourg. It is also illegal in the United States states of Minnesota, California, Pennsylvania, Arizona, Illinois, and Texas. It is illegal to hang objects from rear-view mirrors in Virginia, but police can not stop a car for it. +Popular uses. +Little Trees has been in many movies. Little Trees is on the cover of Rear View, a 2004 novel made by Pete Duval. +Movies. +Little Trees have been in movies like Ocean's Eleven (2001). Little Trees were also in Uncut Gems (2019), (2020), Hooking Up (2020) and Lorelei (2020). In Seven (1995), Little Trees were hung from the ceiling in a room where a murder happened to hide the smell of a dead body. In The Fisher King Robin Williams wears a Little Tree around his neck. In Grumpy Old Men Walter Matthau hangs six Little Trees from the rear-view mirror to hide the smell of dead fish. +Art. +In 2009 Jack Williams made "Forest", he hung 350 Little Trees from the ceiling. He did it because he liked the smell of Little Trees. + += = = Chiasmocleis bicegoi = = = +The Cecilia humming frog ("Chiasmocleis bicegoi") is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have only seen it in one place. +Scientists used to think this was the same frog as "Chiasmocleis albopunctata", but they decided in 2018 that it is not. + += = = Tornado outbreak = = = +A tornado outbreak happens when a single storm creates multiple tornadoes. There have been many tornado outbreaks in the United States. A tornado outbreak can happen very quickly, or happen over the course of a few days. + += = = Deaths in March 1995 = = = +The following is a list of deaths that should be noted in March 1995. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting. +Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, where they came from, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and a source. + += = = Shrimad Vidyadheesh Teerth Swamiji = = = +Shrimad Vidhyadheesh Teerth Swami (born 16 October 1995), also referred to as Shri Vidhyadhish Teerth Swamiji, became head (Mathadipathi) of the Gokarna Partagali Math in July 2021. He is the 24th successive person of Gokarna Math according to "Guru Parampara." +Head of Gokarna Partagali Math. +Shrimad Vidhyadhish Teerth Swamiji, the predecessor Shrimad Vidyadhiraj Teerth Swamiji as mathadipathi, attained moksha on 19 July 2021. In accordance with the guru–shishya tradition followed by the math, He had initiated Vidhyadhish Teerth as the shishya who would succeed him upon his death and thus Vidhyadhish Teerth became the new mathadipathi. He officially took charge on 30 July 2021 at Partagali, Poinginim, Canacona, Goa. + += = = Chiasmocleis hudsoni = = = +Hudson's humming frog ("Chiasmocleis hudsoni") is a frog that lives in Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, and Suriname. + += = = Kids Street = = = +Kids Street is an American pay television channel. It is operated by Condista Networks aimed at the 3 to 7-year-old Latino market in the United States. The channel launched on Comcast Xfinity systems on January 6, 2017. +Operations. +The channel operates an evening/late night block aimed at older audiences called Family Central Explorer. All programming aired on Kids Street is offered in English with Spanish available as a secondary audio program. The channel was added to Charter Spectrum on June 30, 2020. +New name. +In September 2020, the channel changed its name from "Kids Central" to its current name of "Kids Street." + += = = TV Venezuela = = = +TV Venezuela (also known as TVV) is a Venezuelan-American television channel. It airs in the United States for the Venezuelan diaspora. It features programming from many Venezualan television networks. + += = = Blood Hook = = = +Blood Hook is a 1986 American horror comedy movie directed by Jim Mallon and starring Mark Jacobs, Lisa Todd, Patrick Danz, Sara Hauser, Christopher Whiting, Paul Heckman. It was distributed by Troma Entertainment. + += = = Des McAnuff = = = +Desmond Steven McAnuff (born June 19, 1952) is the Canadian-American former artistic director of Canada's Stratford Festival and director of such Broadway musical theatre productions such as "Big River", "The Who's Tommy" and "Jersey Boys". + += = = Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022) = = = +The Battle of Sievierodonetsk was a military engagement that started on 6 May 2022. It is located in the Luhansk Oblast; however, Russia uses another name, for the oblast - Luhansk People's Republic. +By 29 May 2022, Russian forces were engaged in close quarters fighting with Ukrainian soldiers; Combat was taking place in the "middle of the city", according to media. On 25 June, Russian LPR forces captured the city and advanced on the nearby city of Lysychansk. + += = = Monégasque dialect = = = +Monégasque (; ; ) is the type of Ligurian spoken in Monaco, where it is the national language. Although it is not an official language of Monaco (which is only French), it does enjoy an official status, and it is taught in schools and is compulsory. + += = = Nicholas I of Montenegro = = = +Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš (; – 1 March 1921) was the ruler of Montenegro from 1860 to 1918. He was the prince from 1860 to 1910. He was the country's only king, which was from 1910 to 1918. After Austria-Hungary collapsed in 1918, Montenegro joined the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. + += = = Adjoa Andoh = = = +Adjoa Andoh is a British actress. She is mostly known for playing Lady Dunbary in the Netflix series "Bridgerton". + += = = Didymosphenia geminata = = = +Didymosphenia geminata, commonly known as didymo or rock snot, is a species of diatom. +Habitat. +The current distribution of Didymospenia Geminata are mostly in: + += = = Lorraine Ashbourne = = = +Lorraine Ashbourne (born 10 April 1961) is a British actress. + += = = Phoebe Dynevor = = = +Phoebe Harriet Dynevor (; born 17 April 1995) is a British actress. She began her career as a child actress, appearing in the BBC One school-based drama series "Waterloo Road" (2009–2010). She then had recurring roles in the BBC drama series "Prisoners' Wives" (2012–2013) and "Dickensian" (2015–2016), the TV Land comedy-drama series "Younger" (2017–2021), and a main role in the Crackle crime series "Snatch" (2017–2018). +Dynevor gained international fame for her role as Daphne Bridgerton in the Netflix period drama series "Bridgerton" (2020–present). +Early life. +Phoebe Harriet Dynevor was born on 17 April 1995 in Trafford, Greater Manchester. + += = = Dick Murphy = = = +Richard M. Murphy (born December 16, 1942) is a former American politician and lawyer. He was the 33rd mayor of San Diego, California from 2000 to 2005. + += = = Scinax nasicus = = = +The lesser snouted tree frog or common washroom frog ("Scinax nasicus") is a frog that lives in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Bolivia. + += = = Vlak (video game) = = = +Vlak () is a 1993 freeware video game for DOS developed and published by Miroslav Němeček. The game was very popular because it cost nothing and was small, at only 13 kB. +A sequel, Vlak 2, came out in 2002. +Gameplay. +The train is moved to collect cars, planes, diamonds and other objects, which are collected in attached wagons. Collecting all the objects unlocks the golden gate to the next level. If the train touches walls or wagons, the level restarts. There are 50 levels, which are available with passwords. + += = = Lovington, Illinois = = = +Lovington is a village in Moultrie County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,069 at the 2020 census. + += = = Harriet Cains = = = + Harriet Cains (born 17 September 1993) is a British actress. She is best known for her role as Jem Walker in the BBC Three series "In the Flesh". + += = = Jürgen Reents = = = + Jürgen Reents (5 August 1949 – 7 April 2022) was a German politician and journalist. He was born in Bremerhaven, West Germany. He was a member of the Alliance 90/The Greens. He was in the Bundestag between 1983 until 1985. +Reents died on 7 April 2022, aged 72. + += = = Garrett Burnett = = = +Garrett "Rocky" Burnett (September 23, 1975 — April 11, 2022) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. He played with the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim of the National Hockey League in the 2003–04 season. +Burnett died on April 11, 2022 at the age of 46. + += = = Larysa Khorolets = = = +Larysa Ivanivna Khorolets (; 25 August 1948 – 12 April 2022) was a Ukrainian actress and politician. She was the 1st Minister of Culture of Ukraine from 1991 until 1992 during Leonid Kravchuk presidency. Khorolets was born in Kyiv, Ukraine. +Khorolets died on 12 April 2022 in Kyiv at the age of 73. + += = = Irina Vorobieva = = = +Irina Nikolayevna Vorobieva (; June 30, 1958 – April 12, 2022) was a Russian pair skater. She competed for the Soviet Union. She and Igor Lisovsky were the 1981 World champions and the 1981 European champions. They were married. She came in 4th at the 1976 Olympics. Vorobieva was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union. +Vorobieva died on April 12, 2022 in Colorado Springs, Colorado at the age of 63. + += = = Michel Bouquet = = = +Michel Bouquet (6 November 1925 – 13 April 2022) was a French actor. He was in more than 100 movies from 1947 to 2020. He won the Best Actor European Film Award for "Toto the Hero" in 1991 and two Best Actor Césars for "How I Killed My Father" (2001) and "The Last Mitterrand" (2005). He received the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor in 2018. Bouquet was born in Paris, France. +Bouquet died on 13 April 2022 at a hospital in Paris, aged 96. + += = = Charles Maurras = = = +Charles-Marie-Photius Maurras (; ; 20 April 1868 – 16 November 1952) was a French author, politician, poet, and critic. His philosophies influenced many 20th century ideologies. + += = = MS Achille Lauro = = = +The MS "Achille Lauro" was an Italian cruise ship registered in Naples and built between 1939 and 1947 in the Netherlands under the name of "Willem Ruys." It burned in the Indian Ocean off Somalia in 1994. +She was hijacked by the Palestinian Liberation Front, where Jewish American Leon Klinghoffer was shot dead and thrown overboard from this cruise ship in 1985. + += = = Deaths in April 1995 = = = +The following is a list of deaths that should be noted in April 1995. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting. +Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, where they came from, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and a source. + += = = Royalism = = = +Royalism is the political ideology that supports a specific monarch (king, queen, or pretender) as head of state for a country. Royalism is not to the same as monarchism, which supports a monarchical system of government, but not always a specific monarch. For example, in 19th-century France, a royalist might be either a Legitimist, Bonapartist, or an Orléanist. + += = = First Italo-Ethiopian War = = = +The First Italo-Ethiopian War was a conflict between the Ethiopian Empire and the Kingdom of Italy during the Scramble for Africa from 1895 to 1896, initiated by the disputed Treaty of Wuchale where the Italians tried to convert Ethiopia into an Italian Protectorate. +The Italians would invade Ethiopia from Eritrea until they would be besieged by the Ethiopian forces in the Fort of Mek'ele, finally the Italians would sign the Treaty of Addis Ababa where the conflict would end where the sovereignty of Ethiopia would be recognized, this would bring years later the consequence of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, which occurred between 1935 and 1936. + += = = Milan, Ohio = = = +Milan ( ) is a village in Erie and Huron counties in the U.S. state of Ohio. The population was 1,371 at the 2020 census. It is the birthplace of Thomas Alva Edison, the inventor of light bulb. + += = = Biomagnification = = = +Biological magnification or biomagnification is the increase in concentration of a substance. A pesticide, for example, may increase in the tissues of organisms. This increase can occur as a result of: +Pesticides or heavy metals work their way into lakes, rivers and the ocean. They may move up the food chain in progressively greater concentrations as they are eaten by aquatic organisms such as zooplankton, which in turn are eaten perhaps by fish, which then may be eaten by bigger fish, large birds, animals, or humans. The substances become increasingly concentrated in tissues or internal organs as they move up the chain. Bioaccumulants are substances that increase in concentration in living organisms as they take in contaminated air, water, or food because the substances are very slowly metabolized or excreted. + += = = Scinax acuminatus = = = +The Mato Grosso snouted tree frog ("Scinax acuminatus") is a frog that lives in Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul in Brazil. It also lives in Paraguay, Argentina, and Bolivia. + += = = List of German scientists = = = +This is a list of German scientists. + += = = Colombey-les-Deux-Églises = = = +Colombey-les-Deux-Églises () is a commune in the Haute-Marne department in north-eastern France. It was the home of Charles de Gaulle, leader of the French Resistance. + += = = Autograph book = = = +An autograph book is a book for collecting the autographs of others. Traditionally, they were exchanged among friends, colleagues, and classmates to fill with poems, drawings, personal messages, small pieces of verse, and other mementos. + += = = Maurrassisme = = = +Maurrassisme is a political ideology made by Charles Maurras during the 20th century, which is popular with the "Action française" movement. "Maurassisme" supports integral nationalism, monarchism, corporatism and national syndicalism. + += = = Bart Howard = = = +Bart Howard was the composer for the song "Fly Me to the Moon" also titled "In Other Words". + += = = Miguel Primo de Rivera = = = +Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, 2nd Marquess of Estella (8 January 1870 – 16 March 1930), was a dictator and military officer who was the Prime Minister of Spain from 1923 to 1930 during the Restoration era. + += = = John V of Portugal = = = +"Dom" John V (; 22 October 1689 – 31 July 1750) was King of Portugal from 9 December 1706 until his death in 1750. + += = = Joseph I of Portugal = = = +"Dom" Joseph I (, ; 6 June 1714 – 24 February 1777) was King of Portugal from 31 July 1750 until his death in 1777. + += = = Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor = = = +Leopold I (Leopold Ignaz Joseph Balthasar Felician; ; 9 June 1640 – 5 May 1705) was the Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary, Croatia, and Bohemia. + += = = Neil Fanning = = = +Neil Fanning (born 12 April 1967) is an Australian actor, safety supervisor, stuntman and voice artist. He is best known for voicing the titular character in the live-action movie adaptation "Scooby-Doo" and its sequel "". Fanning's entertainment career has spanned over 30 years performing live shows and over 50 movie, commercial and television roles. + += = = Cebu North Road = = = +The Cebu North Road, also known as Cebu North Hagnaya Wharf Road is a road starting from Cebu City to San Remigio in the province of Cebu. +History. +The route markers were added in 2014, with National Route 8 (N8) for the Cebu to Danao section, and National Route 810 (N810) for the Danao to Bogo section. + += = = Empire of China (1915–1916) = = = +The Empire of China (1915-1916) was a short-lived nation (1915–1916), which was established by the president of China at that time, Yuan Shikai, who would be crowned Emperor of China since the Qing Empire collapsed during the 1911 Xinhai Revolution led by Sun Yat-sen. The Empire will shortly after disintegrate due to the period known as the Age of the Warlords, which separated China for many years. + += = = Lucas Lira = = = +Lucas Lira (born Lucas Lira Soares, 16 April 1994) is a Brazilian youtuber. +Biography and career. +Lira was born in Samambaia Norte, Brasilia, Brazil. He is the creator of the YouTube channel "Invento na Hora." It is one of the top 100 on YouTube Brazil. After high school, Lira studied web design. He also worked as a photo editor, clerk and lottery assistant. After this, he decided to create the channel Invento na Hora on YouTube . +Lira began posting videos on YouTube in 2012. He wanted to express his opinions on many subjects in 2010 but did not have a camera for recordings until 2012. The name "Invento na Hora" came from the fact that he did not plan any scripts for the videos. It translates as "I invent on the spot" Glasses, bandanas and caps were part of the channel's early identity. He later stopped using them. +In 2014, Lucas Lira was a part of the "Phenomenon of the Internet", from "the Eliana Program", on SBT. One of his 2013 videos had gone viral on the web. He did not win the competition but was ranked first in Twitter's Trending Topics. This gave "Invento na Hora" more visibility. In November 2014, Lucas Lira reached 1 million subscribers. +Because of his recognition as a youtuber, he has participated in other television programs. These include "Legendários", "Programa Raul Gil" and "Domingo Legal" . In 2016, he wrote the book "Minha Vida Antes do Invento na Hora". It mainly tells stories from when he was younger. In the same year, he was the winner of "Entubados." It is a reality show for youtubers on the Sony channel. +As of April 2022. the "Invento Na Hora" channel has more than 14 million subscribers. Lira also has almost 6 million Instagram followers and over 3 million Twitter followers . +Personal life. +Lira has been dating youtuber Sunaika Bruna de Souza since 2014. They became engaged to be married in 2020. They have been in several videos together since when they started dating. On July 5, 2020, it was announced that the two were expecting their first child. Their son, Noah de Souza Lira Soares, was born in February 2021. +In 2015, Lucas left his parents' house and moved to São Paulo He lived there for 6 years. In 2021, he returned to live in Brasília. + += = = Vila Nova de Gaia = = = +Vila Nova de Gaia () is a city and a municipality in Porto District in Norte Region, Portugal. It is located south of the city of Porto on the other side of the Douro River. There was a population of 178,255 people in 2001. + += = = 2022 KwaZulu-Natal floods = = = +In April 2022, many days of heavy rain across KwaZulu-Natal in southeastern South Africa caused deadly floods. Areas that were affected were in and around Durban. At least 306 people have been reported dead, and several thousand homes were damaged or destroyed. +It is the deadliest storm in South African history, one of the deadliest natural disasters in the country in the 21st century, and the deadliest storm since the 2019 Durban Easter floods. + += = = Charnett Moffett = = = +Charnett Moffett (June 10, 1967 – April 11, 2022) was an American jazz bassist. +Moffett began playing bass in the family band in 1975 at the age of eight. In the mid-1980s, he played with Wynton Marsalis and Branford Marsalis. In 1987 he recorded his debut album "Netman" for Blue Note Records. +He also performed on many movie soundtracks, including "Glengarry Glen Ross" (1992),"The Visit" (2001) and "The Score" (2001). +Moffett died at a hospital in Stanford, California on April 11, 2022 from a heart attack, aged 54. + += = = Letizia Battaglia = = = +Letizia Battaglia (; 5 March 1935 – 13 April 2022) was an Italian photographer and photojournalist. She was born in Palermo, Italy. Her photos were about the Sicilian Mafia and life in Sicily. +Battaglia died on 13 April 2022 in Cefalù, Italy at the age of 87. + += = = Cefalù = = = +Cefalù (), the classical Cephaloedium (), is a city and comune in the Italian Metropolitan City of Palermo. + += = = French language in Lebanon = = = +The French language in Lebanon started in 1920 after the French conquered Syria and Lebanon from the Ottomans after World War One. Ever since then the French language has been influenced in the Lebanese dialect, such as with “Bonjour kifak”. "Bonjour" means "Good morning" in French, and "Kifak" means "How are You?" in the Lebanese dialect of Arabic. The two languages are combined to say "Hello, How are you?" in conversation. + += = = Desai Williams = = = +Desai Williams (June 12, 1959 – April 2022) was a Canadian sprinter. He won an Olympic bronze medal in 4 x 100 metres relay in 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born in Basseterre, St. Kitts and Nevis. +Williams was fired as a coach by Athletics Canada in 2015. An investigation found that Williams had violated the organization's sexual harassment policy while a coach in 2010. In 2018, he was handed a lifetime ban by Athletics Canada. +Williams died in April 2022 at the age of 62. + += = = Freddy Rincón = = = +Freddy Eusebio Rincón Valencia (; 14 August 1966 – 13 April 2022) was a Colombian professional footballer. He played 84 games for the Colombia national team between 1990 and 2001. He was born in Buenaventura, Colombia. +At club level he played for Independiente Santa Fé, América de Cali (Colombia), Napoli (Italy), Real Madrid (Spain), Palmeiras, Santos, and Corinthians (Brazil). His playing career lasted from 1986 until 2004. +On 11 April 2022, Rincón was hospitalized with head injuries after being in a car crash in Cali, Colombia. He died two days later from his injuries, aged 55. + += = = Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca = = = +Buenaventura is a coastal seaport city in the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia (South America). Buenaventura (Spanish for "good fortune") is the main port of Colombia in the Pacific Ocean. +The city is part of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network after it was named "City of Gastronomy" in 2017. + += = = Artocarpus integer = = = +Artocarpus integer is a green, scaly fruit that is normally shaped like a pear. + += = = Rashad al-Alimi = = = +Rashad Muhammad al-Alimi (born 1954) is a Yemeni politician. He is the Chairman of the Presidential Leadership Council since 7 April 2022. + += = = Jonathan Bailey = = = +Jonathan Bailey is a British actor. He has had roles in shows such as "Leonardo","Broadchurch" (2013–15), "W1A" , and "Crashing" (2016). In 2020,he was cast for the role of Viscount Anthony Bridgerton in the Netflix series "Bridgerton". + += = = H.E.R. = = = +Gabriella Sarmiento Wilson (born June 27, 1997), known professionally as H.E.R. (an acronym for "Having Everything Revealed"), is an American R&B singer-songwriter and actress. She won two Grammy Awards in 2019, another one in 2021 and the Academy Award for Best Original Song also in 2021. +Early life. +Gabriella Sarmiento Wilson was born in Vallejo, California to a Filipina-American mother and an African American father and raised in California's San Francisco Bay Area. +Career. +Her first album "H.E.R." (2017), was nominated for five Grammy Awards, winning Best R&B Performance and Best R&B Album. +Her second album, "I Used to Know Her", was nominated for five Grammy Awards, including Album of the Year and Song of the Year for "Hard Place". +In 2021, she won the Grammy Award for Song of the Year for "I Can't Breathe" and the Academy Award for Best Original Song for "Fight for You" from the movie "Judas and the Black Messiah" with her also winning the Grammy Award for Best Traditional R&B Performance. +Her debut full-length album "Back of My Mind" was released in June 2021. +In August 2021, she was cast in the upcoming movie remake version of "The Color Purple", playing the role of Squeak. + += = = Ruby Barker = = = +Ruby Barker (born 23 December 1996) is a British actress. She is best known for playing Marina Thompson in the Netflix television series Bridgerton. + += = = Castle of Macconago = = = +Macconago Castle () is a castle defensive of medieval origin in the ancient village of Macconago, a locality in the municipality of Milan near the Prada Foundation, inside the Mirasole Oasis. +History. +The history of the castle of Macconago dates back to 1030 when a square defensive structure was first erected, completed in 1040 with the construction of a series of watchtowers. The structure was entrusted in castellania to the Pusterla family (whose coats of arms can still be admired today at the two main entrances on the front and back), which however fell out of favor with the Visconti, who definitively requisitioned the castle, later entrusted to the Vimercati family, then passing to the Calchi family, the Marliani, the Ferrario, the Tarlaini, the Greppi and the Gavanas, current owners of the structure. +Structure. +The structure of the castle, with the typical square plan, has watchtowers and embattled walkways that have also undergone various transformations and extensions over the centuries. The castle is organized on three floors, of which the only original from the fourteenth century is in the basement, being the one less altered by subsequent interventions. +Inside, the structure retains traces of Renaissance-era graffiti. On the ground floor there are also some period stables. In front of the castle there is also a church dating back to the 18th century. + += = = Bessie Carter = = = +Bessie Beatrice Carter (born 25 October 1993) is an British actress. She is known for her role as Evie Wilcox on the BBC television series "Howards End" (2017) and Violet Woodhouse on the ITV television series "Beecham House" (2019). + += = = Nicola Coughlan = = = +Nicola Mary Coughlan (born 9 January 1987) is an Irish actress. She is mostly known for playing the role of Penelope Fetherington in the Netflix series Bridgerton. + += = = Castle of Cassino Scanasio = = = +Cassino Scanasio Castle () is a castle defensive of medieval origin. It is in the ancient village of Rozzano near the Prada Foundation, inside the Mirasole Oasis. +History. +The Castle of Cassino Scanasio dates back to 1000 AD. In some documents, the presence of a fortified rural building called " “casinae scanasane” " with appurtenances on the surrounding land is mentioned for the first time. +The real turning point for the structure came at the beginning of the sixteenth century when the complex was bought by the Milanese family of Trivulzio. They changed it from a fortress into a real country house, having the characteristic towers built cylindrical. +In 1836, the castle was bought by the Visconti di Modrone family. +Structure. +The castle, with a quadrangular structure, stands near the West Milan ring road, in a position that was once strategic for controlling both access to the capital of the Duchy of Milan from that point and the surrounding countryside. +Once surrounded by a moat with water, the same was filled by hiding the base of the towers which therefore appear more squat than normal, and which were built after the walls. Access to the structure is possible through a brick ravelin that replaces what once must have been a wooden drawbridge. +It is accessed through the masonry bridge that connects to the main entrance on whose key of the arch the visonteo snake is imprinted. + += = = Castle of Tolcinasco = = = +Tolcinasco Castle () is a medieval defensive castle in the ancient village of Tolcinasco, a locality in the municipality of Opera near the Prada Foundation, inside the Mirasole Oasis. +History. +The Tolcinasco Castle was built by the D'Adda family in the sixteenth century. It is a rare example of an agricultural fortress to protect the surrounding countryside and the food supplies contained within it. +The castle, with the surrounding land, has become the seat of a golf course, started by Arnold Palmer. In 2018, after restoration, the castle was reopened to visitors. +Structure. +The castle is a large block structure, with four towers on the sides that defended the granary inside. The ground floor, less than three meters high, was originally a food store, and was accessible from the wagons directly from the outside for loading and unloading. Access to the main floor of the building was by outdoor stairways. Around the castle today there are the large farmhouses where the farmers who worked for the estate lived, together with the stables for farmed animals. + += = = Roman Dmowski = = = +Roman Stanisław Dmowski ( , 9 August 1864 – 2 January 1939) was a Polish politician and co-founder of the National Democracy political movement. + += = = Angerme = = = +, previously , is a Japanese idol girl group from the musical collective Hello! Project. There have been nine generations and twelve departures. In November 2021, the group had nine members. +History. +2009: Formation. +On April 4, Tsunku announced on his blog that a new girl group consisting of Hello! Pro Egg members would be formed. The members would consist of Ayaka Wada, Yuuka Maeda, and Kanon Fukuda, all formerly of Shugo Chara Egg!, as well as fellow Egg Saki Ogawa. The group leader was Ayaka. A month later, on May 7, 2009, he revealed that the group would be called "Smileage". +2010: Debut. +After releasing three singles, Tsunku announced that the group would become a full-time group in the spring of 2010 and their debut was set for May 2010. The group made their official event debut in Nagoya on March 19, with their fourth single "Otona ni Narutte Muzukashii!!!", released March 14, their first release on the Up-Front Works label. +Their first major single, "Yume Miru Fifteen", was released on May 26. Their debut album, "Warugaki 1", was released on December 8, 2010. On December 30, Smileage received the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist. + += = = Tumbleweed Connection = = = +Tumbleweed Connection is the third studio album by English singer-songwriter Elton John. It was released in October 1970 in the UK and in January 1971 in the United States. It was largely inspired by country and western music. +Songs in the album. +All tracks are written by Elton John and Bernie Taupin, except where noted. + += = = Tidewater = = = +The Tidewater region is a low-lying region in the state of Virginia. It's well known for the Tidewater Accent. + += = = Cajun English = = = +Cajun English is a dialect spoken predominantly by Cajuns in southern Louisiana. It can be described as being akin to AAVE with some French zest. +Features of this dialect include nonrhoticity r-dropping, glide deletion of the long "i", possible h-dropping, similar grammar to AAVE, etc. + += = = H-dropping = = = +H-dropping, also called h-deletion is not saying the letter "h", making "house" and "hit" sound like "ouse" and "it". + += = = Rui Barbosa State School = = = +Rui Barbosa State School is a Brazilian school in Campo Grande, founded on March 1, 1972. +History. +In 1970, 3 rooms were built for catechesis, a missionary work of the Salesians, at the request of parents who were already working in the community. Literacy classes started in October. +In 1971, 14 more classrooms were built, in a joint effort by the community. The construction material was donated by the Campo Grande society linked to the Salesian Mission. +Promotions were carried out with the objective of seeking financial resources to complete the work. As the SED proves the need to create and authorize the Paulo VI Parish Gymnasium to operate, as of March 1, 1972, an agreement was signed between SED and the Paulo VI Social Work, creating the Rui Barbosa State College. This name was chosen due to the death of Rui Barbosa . + += = = Ilkka Kanerva = = = +Ilkka Armas Mikael Kanerva (28 January 1948 – 14 April 2022) was a Finnish politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1975 until 2022. He was born in Lokalahti, now a part of Uusikaupunki, Finland. Kanerva was Deputy Prime Minister of Finland for a few months in 1991. +Kanerva was the Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2007 to 2008. Kanerva was a member of the National Coalition Party. Kanerva was the Minister of Labour from 1975 until 2022. +Kanerva died after a short-illness in Turku, Finland on 14 April 2022 at the age of 74. + += = = Russian cruiser Moskva = = = +Moskva (), formerly Slava (), was a guided missile cruiser of the Russian Navy. She was named after the city of Moscow. She was the flagship of the Russian Black Sea Fleet and had led Russia's naval assault on Ukraine. It had a crew of 510. +On 13 April 2022, two Ukrainian officials said that "Moskva" had been hit by Ukrainian anti-ship missiles and exploded. The Russian Ministry of Defense said the ship was seriously damaged after a fire caused a munitions explosion. The next day, the ship had sunk. + += = = Rear-view mirror = = = +A Rear-view mirror is a mirror inside of a vehicle. +Hanging objects from rear-view mirrors. +Hanging objects like Little Trees from rear-view mirrors is illegal in Luxembourg, Switzerland, and Quebec. + += = = Sonny Caldinez = = = +Sonny Caldinez (1 July 1932 – 12 April 2022) was a Trinidadian actor and professional wrestler. He played many Ice Warriors on the British programme "Doctor Who" and also in the movies such as "The Man with the Golden Gun", "Raiders of the Lost Ark", "Ali G Indahouse", "Arabian Adventure" and "The Fifth Element". +Caldinez died on 12 April 2022, at the age of 89. + += = = Alex Gilady = = = +Alex Gilady (9 December 1942 – 13 April 2022) was an Iranian-born Israeli journalist and sports official. +Gilady became a sports commentator for television in 1968. From 1981 to 1996, he was vice president of the channel NBC Sports, and from 1985 to 2008 he was the Chairman of the Television Commission of the IAAF. +In 1994, Gilady became a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). In 2020, Gilady was Vice-Chairman for the Coordination Commission for the 2020 Summer Olympic Games in Tokyo. +Gilady died on 13 April 2022 in London, England from cancer, aged 79. + += = = Deaths in May 1995 = = = +The following is a list of deaths that should be noted in May 1995. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting. Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, where they came from, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and a source. + += = = Four Books and Five Classics = = = +The Four Books and Five Classics (Chinese: ����; pinyin: "Sìshū Wǔjīng") are books about Confucianism written in China before 300 BCE. The Four Books and Five Classics are the most important books written about Chinese Confucianism. +Four Books. +The Four Books (��; "Sìshū") are Chinese classic texts that explain the important parts of Confucianism. During the Song dynasty, Zhu Xi chose them because he thought they would help people learn more about Confucianism. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, people who wanted to take the civil service examination had to read them. The Four Books are: +Great Learning +This book was originally one chapter in the "Book of Rites." The main part of the book is a short section which people believe Confucius wrote. There are also nine chapters of commentary written by Zengzi, who was one of Confucius's students. Zengzi wrote that this book is the "gateway to learning." +Doctrine of the Mean +This book was originally another chapter in the "Book of Rites". The purpose of this small, 33-chapter book is to explain the way that people should live by following certain Confucian rules. It focuses on the Way (�) that everyone should follow, not just leaders. If people follow these instructions by learning and teaching, it will automatically result in a Confucian virtue. Because the way to perfect virtue has been explained, it is not difficult to follow. +Analects +This book is a collection of speeches that Confucius and his students gave. This book also contains discussions they had with each other. Analetics had a big impact on philosophy and morals in China, as well as other countries in East Asia. +Mencius +This book is a collection of conversations that the scholar Mencius had with different kings. +Five Classics. +The Five Classics (��; "Wǔjīng") are five Chinese books that were written before the Qin dynasty. They are part of the traditional Confucian canon. Several of the books were already well-known by the Warring States period. Mencius, the main Confucian scholar at that time, thought that the "Spring and Autumn Annals" were just as important as the very well-known books written in earlier periods. During the Western Han dynasty, which used Confucianism as its official ideology, these books became part of the state-sponsored curriculum. During this time period, people started to think of these books as belonging together in a set, and to call them the "Five Classics". The Five Classics are: +Classic of Poetry +This book is a collection of 305 poems. It has 160 folk songs, 105 festal songs which were sung during court ceremonies, and 40 hymns and eulogies which were sung during sacrifices to heroes and the spirits of people's ancestors. +Book of Documents +This book is a collection of documents and speeches. People believe they were written by rulers and officials during and before the early Zhou period. It might be the oldest Chinese narrative, and could be as old as the 6th century BC. It has early examples of Chinese prose. +Book of Rites +This book explains how ancient rites and ceremonies were performed. The version of this book that people are currently studying was edited by scholars in the 3rd century BC, and is not the original. The original book may have been edited by Confucius himself. +I Ching (Book of Changes) +This book explains a divination system to predict the future. It is similar to Western geomancy and African Ifá. In Western cultures and East Asia, people still use it to predict the future. +Spring and Autumn Annals +This book is a historical record of the State of Lu from 722–481 BC. The State of Lu is where Confucius was from. +The "Classic of Music" is sometimes considered the sixth classic but was lost. + += = = Right to a healthy environment = = = +The right to a healthy environment or the right to a supportable and healthy environment is a human right. It is openly supported by human rights organizations and environmental organizations. The purpose is to protect the ecological systems that provide human health. The right was accepted by the United Nations Human Rights Council. It was during its 48th session in October 2021 in HRC/RES/48/13. The right is often based on the human rights defense by environmental defenders. Examples include land defenders, water protectors and indigenous rights activists. +Connections with other rights. +The right is connected with other health-focused human rights. Examples include the human right to water and cleanliness, right to food and right to health. The right to a healthy environment uses a human rights propose to protect the quality of environment. This addresses the results of environmental harm upon individual humans. It is as opposed to the more traditional point of view of environmental regulation. It focuses on results to other states or the environment itself. Another point of view to environmental protection is the rights of nature. It tries to extend the rights enjoyed by humans as well as teamworks to nature. +Role of the state. +The right creates a duty of the state. The duties include regulation and enforcement of environmental laws, control of pollution, and justice and protections for communities harmed by environmental problems. The right to a healthy environment has been an important right for creating environmental legal examples for climate change litigation and other environmental issues. +International Approaches. +In the past, there were major United Nations' human rights tools like the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights or International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. These do not recognize the right to a healthy environment. The 1972 Stockholm Declaration recognizes the right but is not a legally binding document. The 1992 Rio Declaration does not use the language of human rights. However, it says that individuals shall have access to information on environmental matters, participation in decision-making and access to justice. The currently proposed UN resolution is the "Global Pact for the Environment". If it is adopted, it would be the first UN human rights instrument to include the right to a healthy environment. +Recognition. +Over 150 states in the UN have independently recognized the right in some form through legislation, legal action, constitutional law, treaty law or other legal authority. The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, American Convention on Human Rights, Escazu Agreement, Arab Charter on Human Rights, and ASEAN Declaration on Human Rights each include a right to a healthy environment. There are other human rights frameworks such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child. They refer to environmental issues as they relate to the framework's focus, in this case children's rights. +UN responses. +UN Special Rapporteurs on Human Rights and the Environment John H. Knox (2012–2018) and David R. Boyd (2018–) have recommended on how to formalize these rights in international law. This was signed on back by many committees at the UN level. Besides, it was also backed by many local legal communities such as the New York City Bar, in 2020. +Importance. +The right to a healthy environment is the most important to the international approach to human rights and climate change. The effects of climate change on human rights are presented by OHCHR in a fact sheet with the most frequently asked questions on the subject. + += = = Carousel (TV channel) = = = +Carousel or Carousel International, also known by its transliterated Russian name ��������, is a Russian television dedicated to children and youth. It was founded by Russian President Dmitry Medvedev. It is currently available in Russia, in France via Free, and in the United States via DirecTV. +Since the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, they are only airing Russian cartoons and some cartoons outside Russia, except 2x2 and still airing animated films of the world. +Shows. +Carousel programming consists of a wide range of shows ranging from original animated and live-action Russian productions to famous cartoons from around the world, all either original or voiced-over into the Russian language. The schedule changes on an almost weekly basis to accommodate its vast library of shows both modern and vintage. + += = = Mickey Mouse Funhouse = = = +Mickey Mouse Funhouse is an American computer-animated children's television series created by Phil Weinstein and Thomas Hart. +Schedule. +The series debuted with a special on July 16, 2021, and was followed by the official premiere on Disney Junior on August 20. In October 2021, the series was renewed for a second season. +Disney Junior created the series to continue its pattern of original pre-school animated series set within the Mickey Mouse universe. Many key members of the creative team of "Mickey Mouse Mixed-Up Adventures" developed the series. +Premise. +Mickey Mouse returns with his friends Minnie Mouse, Donald Duck, Daisy Duck, Goofy and Pluto. The friends meet Funny, an energetic playhouse. Funny magically moves the group of friends to a range of destinations which allows them to embark on adventures unique to that land. He can also change his shape and to match the new surroundings. He can even project his face on any surface to talk with Mickey and friends. + += = = Whispering Smith = = = +Whispering Smith is a 1948 American western movie directed by Leslie Fenton and was based on the novel of the same name. It stars Alan Ladd, Robert Preston, Brenda Marshall, Donald Crisp, Fay Holden, William Demarest, Murvyn Vye, Ward Wood and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Communist Russia = = = +Communist Russia may refer to: + += = = Teat = = = +Teats are what mammals use to feed their babies. They let milk be taken by the young. Milk is digested by the babies with a special hormone. +The number and position of the teats varies with the species. Humans are different to most mammals in that they may continue to drink milk throughout life. Normal mammals stop digesting milk at a certain stage. This forces the young to change to an adult diet. +The word "teat" is from the Old French or Dutch word, "tete" or the Greek word "������". + += = = Philippine highway network = = = +The Philippine highway network is a network of roads that are maintained by the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) and made into three types according to their function or purpose: national primary, national secondary and national tertiary. The national roads connecting major cities are numbered N1 to N82. +Types. +The national roads are divided into three types according to their functions and purpose. +National Primary. +National primary roads connect the most important cities or towns in a place. +National Secondary. +National secondary roads connect at least one major area and connect smaller areas to the primary roads. They can be diversion roads, bypass roads, seaport roads or airport roads. +National Tertiary. +National tertiary roads provide access to local and small areas. +Numbering system. +National roads are seen with pentagonal black-on-white shields with a number. National primary routes are divided into two types: the main routes, which connect at least three cities with a population of at least 100,000 people. they are numbered from N1 to N49. The other primary routes connect at least two major cities or towns, numbered N50 to N99. National secondary routes are numbered N100 to N999. National tertiary routes do not have any route numbers at all, as they are highways the provide access to small areas. +Numbered routes. +The Philippine highway network consists of the followng routes, as of 2022: + += = = Get a Horse! = = = +Get a Horse! is a 2013 American animated comedy short film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and directed by Lauren MacMullan. Combining black-and-white hand-drawn animation and color computer animation, the short features the characters of the late 1920s "Mickey Mouse" cartoons. +Features. +The film features archival recordings of Walt Disney in his role as Mickey Mouse. ("Goodbye, goodbye, little feller!" is an uncredited line by Jimmy MacDonald sourced from an archival recording.) Disney's voice is also heard as Minnie Mouse in one instance (crying out "Help! Help! Help!"), though he is uncredited in that role. +It is the first original Mickey Mouse theatrical animated short since "Runaway Brain" (1995), and the first appearance of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit in a Disney animated production in 75 years. + += = = Sabrina Bartlett = = = +Sabrina Lois Bartlett (born September 1991) is a British actress. She is known for playing Siena Rosso in the Netflix series Bridgerton. + += = = Ruth Gemmell = = = +Ruth Katrin Gemmell (born October 1967) is a British actress. She is known for portraying the role of Lady Violet Bridgerton in the Netflix period drama series "Bridgerton". + += = = Bernard Wasserstein = = = +Bernard Wasserstein is a British-American historian. He was born on January 22 1948 in London. He was a professor at the University of Chicago for 11 years. +Books. +Wasserstein has written 12 books + += = = Fear Is the Key (movie) = = = +Fear Is the Key is a 1972 British action thriller movie directed by Michael Tuchner and was based on the 1961 novel of the same name by Alastair MacLean. It stars Barry Newman, Suzy Kendall, Dolph Sweet, John Vernon, Ben Kingsley, Ray McAnally, Tony Anholt, Peter Ellis, Elliott Sullivan and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Martins Imhangbe = = = +Martins Isoken Imhangbe (born 7 July 1991) is a British-Nigerian actor. He is mostly known for playing Will Mondrich in the Netflix series Bridgerton. + += = = TyC Sports = = = +TyC Sports is an Argentine pay television sports channel. It is owned by Torneos and Clarín Group. They are based in Buenos Aires. +Broadcasts. +In Argentina, the channel broadcasts the Argentine B Nacional, CONMEBOL Qualifiers, Argentina national football team friendly matches, Liga Nacional de Básquet, the Argentina Open and other sports. +Outside Argentina, the channel broadcasts the Argentine Primera División. It broadcasts in Spanish. In DirecTV Latin America watch on the channel 629, and 1629 in HD. +Channels. +Torneos and the Clarín Group currently operate the domestic pay TV channel TyC Sports. They also have two international pay TV channels TyC Sports Latin America and Europe, and TyC Sports USA. + += = = Claudia Jessie = = = +Claudia Jessie is a British actress. She is mostly known for her role as Eloise Bridgerton in the Netflix series Bridgerton. + += = = Julia Quinn = = = +Julie Pottinger, mostly known as Julia Quinn, is an American romance novelist. Her book "Bridgerton" was adapted into a television series titled "Bridgerton" by Shonda Rhimes for Netflix. + += = = Vme Kids = = = +Vme Kids is a Spanish-language children's television channel. It is operated by V-me Media aimed at the preschool Hispanic market in the United States. +The channel launched through AT&T U-verse cable systems on September 1, 2010. +Vme Kids was added to Verizon Fios in May 2011. The following October, it was picked up by Cablevision. Vme Kids was added nationally to Comcast Xfinity systems in late 2012. On April 7, 2017, Sling TV added the channel as both a linear and on-demand service. +Launch. +V-me Media launched the first 24-hour Spanish-language children's channel in the US. The channel launched on AT&T U-verse on September 1, 2010. +After launch. +The channel received over-the-air distribution in June 2011, when Puerto Rico-based V-me affiliate WIPR-TV added it as a subchannel. It was also made available on the local Choice and Liberty Cable systems. + += = = Scinax boulengeri = = = +Boulenger's snouted tree frog ("Scinax boulengeri") is a frog that lives in Central America. People have seen it as far north as Nicaragua and as far south as Colombia. Scientists have seen it as high as 600 meters above sea level. +The adult male frog is 36 to 49 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog was 42 to 53 mm long. This frog is gray, dull green, or light brown in color. It has dark brown marks. It can have a triangle between its eyes. There are bars on its front and back legs. It has a white throat. Its belly is white. Its middle is green. Its sides are yellow-green. +This frog hides during the day and looks for food at night. It lives in the trees. Unlike other tree frogs, it lays eggs whether it has rained hard or not. The male frogs hide in plants near the edges of ponds. Then they sing for the female frogs. The female frog lays her eggs in water that is not deep, 600-700 eggs at a time. The eggs hatch after one or one and a half days. The tadpoles are silver-yellow in color. They grow into frogs in 40 to 88 days. + += = = Super Canal = = = +Super Canal is a Dominican television network operating from studios in Santo Domingo and broadcasting on channel 33. The station is owned by Supercanal, S.A. +Operations. +Super Canal also operates an international feed, Super Canal Caribe. This is seen on cable and satellite systems in El Salvador, Curaçao and the United States. +Dominican View is for the United States with a focus on news and sports programming. +Tele El Salvador is an international channel carrying programs from several Salvadorean television networks. + += = = Luke Thompson = = = +Luke Thompson (born 4 July 1988) is a British actor. He is mostly known for playing Benedict Bridgerton in the Netflix series Bridgerton + += = = Luke Newton = = = +Luke Paul Anthony Newton is a British actor. + += = = Jobbik = = = +The Movement for a Better Hungary (Hungarian: Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom), commonly known as Jobbik, is a conservative political party in Hungary. +Originating with radical and nationalist roots,at its beginnings, the party described itself as "a principled, conservative and radically patriotic Christian party", whose "fundamental purpose" is the protection of "Hungarian values and interests." In 2014, the party was described as an "anti-Semitic organization" by The Independent and a "neo-Nazi party" by the president of the European Jewish Congress. From 2015 to 2020, the party started to re-define itself as a more moderate conservative people's party and changed the controversial elements of its communication, culminating with its new declaration of principles now defining itself as a centre-right, pro-European party with some residual moderated nationalist tendencies (the position Fidesz originally occupied). According to the party's "Declaration of Principles", Jobbik will "always focus on the interests of Hungary and the Hungarian people instead of a political group or an ideology. On the other hand, Jobbik reject[s] hatemongering and extreme political views that are contrary to Christian values and ethics +After the Hungarian parliamentary elections on 8 April 2018, the party polled 1,092,806 votes, securing 19.06% of the total, making it Hungary's second-largest party in the National Assembly. + += = = Regé-Jean Page = = = +Regé-Jean Page (born 27 April 1988) is a British actor. He is mostly known for playing the role of Simon Basset in the Netflix series "Bridgerton". Page also appeared as Guy Braxton in the BBC One school-based drama series "Waterloo Road". + += = = Simone Ashley = = = +Simone Ashwini Pillai (born 30 March 1995), known professionally as Simone Ashley, is a British actress. She is best known for her roles in the Netflix series "Sex Education" and "Bridgerton". + += = = Swabhiman - Shodh Astitvacha = = = +Swabhiman - Shodh Astitvacha is an Indian television drama series aired on Star Pravah. + += = = Lisbon Regicide = = = +The Lisbon Regicide or Regicide of 1908 () was the assassination of King Carlos I of Portugal and the Algarves and his heir-apparent, Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal. The events happened on 1 February 1908 at the Praça do Comércio along the banks of the Tagus River in Lisbon. + += = = Louňovice pod Blaníkem = = = +Louňovice pod Blaníkem () is a town in Benešov District, the Czech Republic. Around 700 people live there. + += = = Scott Innes = = = +Scott Innes (born October 1, 1966) is an American author, radio personality, songwriter and voice actor. He is best known for his voice over work in various Warner Bros. and Hanna-Barbera animated movies, television shows, video games and commercials, most notably as Scooby-Doo, Shaggy Rogers, Scrappy-Doo, Popeye, Fred Flintstone, Barney Rubble, Foghorn Leghorn, Muttley, Bugs Bunny, Yogi Bear and Captain Caveman. He has also provided the voice of Fred Jones, Boo-Boo Bear, Snagglepuss, Papa Smurf, Elroy Jetson, Quick Draw McGraw, Baba Looey, Elmer Fudd, Spike and Ranger Smith in various commercials. + += = = Monastery of Serra do Pilar = = = +The Monastery of Serra do Pilar was a monastery in Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal, on the other side of the Douro River from Porto, overlooking the Dom Luís I Bridge. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996. The monastery is notable for its church and cloister, both of which are circular. + += = = Custard tart = = = +Custard tarts are a baked pastry with an outer pastry crust filled with egg custard. + += = = Area code 716 = = = +Area code 716 is an area code for New York. It was one of the primary area codes created in 1947. It initially covered the entire western portion of the state, but after it was split by 607 in 1954 and 585 in 2001, it now covers the far western portion of New York, consisting of cities such as Buffalo, Olean, Jamestown, and Niagara Falls. + += = = Area code 317 = = = +Area code 317 is an area code for Indiana. It was one of the first area code created in 1947. It initially covered the northern and central portion of Indiana, but after it was split by 219 in 1948 and 765 in 1997, it now covers the central portion of Indiana. It covers areas such as Indianapolis, its capital city, and counties such as Johnson, Hendricks, Boone, Madison, and Shelby. It was overlaid by 463 in 2016. + += = = Adriane Lopes = = = +Adriane Barbosa Nogueira Lopes (born 26 June 1976) is a Brazilian politician and lawyer. She is the current Mayor of Campo Grande since April 2022. +Biography. +Lopes was born in Grandes Rios, in the interior of Paraná in Brazil. She moved to Campo Grande in Mato Grosso do Sul with her family when she was 9 years old. +She has a degree in Law and Theology, a postgraduate degree in Public Administration and City Management. She is also a Coach and Leader Coach by the Brazilian Institute of Coaching (IBC). +She started working with the sale of ice cream to pay for law school, was a lawyer, worked at the State Agency for the Administration of the Penitentiary System (Agepen) for four years. +She also developed several social projects. She was elected vice mayor for two terms and now assumes the prefecture of Campo Grande. Adriane is married to state deputy Lídio Lopes and has two children. She was deputy mayor of Campo Grande from January 1, 2017 to April 1, 2022, when she helped to develop projects aimed at social assistance. +On April 2, 2022, she became the Mayor of Campo Grande. +Personal life. +Lopes is the daughter of Antônio Ferreira Barbosa and Gisleni Garcia Barbosa. She is married to politician Lídio Lopes and has 2 children, Matheus and Gabriel Lopes. + += = = Area code 717 = = = +Area code 717 is an area code for Pennsylvania. It was one of the first area codes created in 1947. It initially covered the entire central portion of the state, but after it was split by 570 in 1998, it now covers the southern central portion of the state. It consists of towns including its capital city, Harrisburg, Lancaster, and York. It was overlaid by 223 in 2017. + += = = Area codes 217 and 447 = = = +Area codes 217 and 447 are area codes for Illinois. Area code 217 was one of the first area codes created in 1947. It covers the central portion of the state, consisting of towns such as its state capital, Springfield, Champaign, Urbana, Taylorville, and Danville. It was overlaid by 447 on March 27, 2021. + += = = Texoma = = = +Texoma is an interstate region in the United States, split between Oklahoma and Texas. The name is a portmanteau of Texas and Oklahoma. Businesses use the term in their names to describe their intended service area. This includes 8 counties with a population estimate of 319,455. + += = = Josef Göppel = = = +Josef Göppel (16 August 1950 – 13 April 2022) was a German politician. He was born in Herrieden, Bavaria. He represented the CSU. He was a member of the Bundestag from the state of Bavaria from 2002 until 2017. +Göppel died on 13 April 2022 in Munich, Germany from problems caused by kidney disease, aged 71. + += = = Bilquis Edhi = = = +Bilquis Bano Edhi (), (14 August 1947 – 15 April 2022) was a Pakistani professional nurse and philanthropist. She was co-chair of Edhi Foundation. She has been named "The Mother of Pakistan". In 2015, she was honored with the Mother Teresa Memorial International Award for Social Justice. +Edhi died on 15 April 2022 in Karachi, Pakistan from heart failure 74. + += = = Jean-Paul Fitoussi = = = +Jean-Paul Fitoussi (19 August 1942 – 15 April 2022) was a French economist and sociologist. From 1979 until 1983, he was a professor at the European University Institute in Florence, and a visiting professor at the University of California, Los Angeles, in 1984. +He was a professor of economics at the "Institut d'études politiques de Paris", where he taught since 1982. He was also Professor Emeritus at LUISS "Guido Carli" University, in Rome. +Fitoussi died on 15 April 2022 in Paris, France at aged 79. + += = = French protectorate of Tunisia = = = +The French protectorate of Tunisia (; '), commonly known as French Tunisia, was created in 1881, during the French colonial Empire era, and lasted until Tunisian independence in 1956. + += = = Eunice Muñoz = = = +Eunice Muñoz, (30 July 1928 – 15 April 2022) was a Portuguese actress. She was thought to be one of the best Portuguese actresses. She was born in Amareleja, Portugal. Her career began in 1943. Her best known roles were in "A Morgadinha dos Canaviais" (1949) and "Hard Times" (1988). +In 2013, Muñoz was diagnosed with thyroid cancer and later lost her voice. In January 2022, she was hospitalized for high blood pressure. Muñoz was hospitalized on 13 April 2022 in Carnaxide, Portugal. She died two days later at aged 93. + += = = Kantoku Teruya = = = + was a Japanese politician. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party. He was in the House of Representatives from 2003 to 2021. Teruya is part of the All-Okinawa coalition. Teruya was born in Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands. He was a member of the House of Councillors between 1995 and 2001. +Teruya died on April 15, 2022 in Nishihara, Japan from stomach cancer, aged 76. + += = = Lawson, Arkansas = = = +Lawson is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Union County, Arkansas, United States. + += = = Titanic II (project) = = = +Titanic II is a planned ocean liner, based on the original RMS "Titanic"; the project is directed by Australian billionaire Clive Palmer who announced this project in April 2012. The project has been delayed over the years due to financial disputes that have affected the project of $500 million. +This project is not related to the Chinese project, "Romandisea Titanic". + += = = Area code 218 = = = +Area code 218 is an area code for Minnesota. It was one of the earliest area codes created in 1947. It initially covered the entire state excluding the southeastern portion of the state, but after it was split by 507 in 1954 and 320 in 1996, it now covers the northern portion of the state. It covers cities such as Duluth and Fergus Falls. + += = = Colombian lesserblack tarantula = = = +The Colombian lesserblack tarantula (Xenesthis immanis) is a species of tarantula. They are from Colombia. It is from 6–7 cm. Its length width is from 19-22 cm. It usually has a commensal or mutualistic relationship with the frog "Chiasmocleis ventrimaculata". + += = = Brotherhood of Justice = = = +Brotherhood of Justice is a 1986 American action drama movie. It was directed by Charles Braverman. The movie stars Keanu Reeves, Kiefer Sutherland, Lori Loughlin, Joe Spano, Billy Zane, Darren Dalton, Danny Nucci. It was distributed by Lionsgate. + += = = FuboTV = = = +FuboTV Inc. is an American television streaming service. It serves customers in the United States, Canada and Spain. The service focuses mainly on channels that deal with live sports. Depending on country, the channels offered by Fubo may include access to EPL, NFL, MLB, NBA, NHL, MLS and international soccer, The service also provides news, network television series and movies + += = = Plaion = = = +Plaion is a German-Austrian media company with the headquarter in Höfen, Tyrol, Austria. The company was founded in 1994 by Franz Koch and Klemens Kundratitz. +In November 2020, Koch Media acquired Flying Wild Hog. Koch Media opened a new publishing division, Prime Matter, in June 2021. It operates in Munich. + += = = Deep Silver = = = +Deep Silver is a German-Austrian video game publisher. It is a division of Koch Media. Eugenio Vitale is the director of games development for Deep Silver. + += = = Arno Kompatscher = = = +Arno Kompatscher (born 19 March 1971) is an Italian politician and governor of South Tyrol, an autonomous province. From 15 June 2016 to 7 July 2021 he was also the president of the region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. + += = = Legend of the Three Caballeros = = = +Legend of the Three Caballeros is a American animated television series based on the 1944 animated Disney film "The Three Caballeros" and features the characters Donald Duck, José Carioca and Panchito Pistoles. +It was first released in 2018 in the Philippines following the success of "DuckTales". In the United States, it was released on Disney+ on November 12, 2019, and later aired on Disney XD from August 7 to October 30, 2021. +Voice cast. +The show's main voice cast includes: + += = = ¡Sorpresa! = = = +¡Sorpresa! ("Surprise!" in Spanish) is an American Spanish-language children's television channel. +The channel is currently available for the United States and Puerto Rico on Charter Spectrum, Claro Puerto Rico, Cox Communications, Frontier Communications, Grande Communications, Liberty Puerto Rico, RCN, Suddenlink, and member systems of the National Cable TV Cooperative. ¡Sorpresa! is also available through third-party mobile TV and broadband platforms, including VEMOX, Brightcove and MobiTV. The channel was also formerly available through Akimbo. +History. +In August 2009, Olympusat Inc. bought the channel ¡Sorpresa! from its previous owner, Firestone/Juniper Content Corp. +On March 1, 2019, Verizon Fios removed the channel from its lineup. + += = = My Boyfriend's Back (movie) = = = +My Boyfriend's Back is a 1993 American zombie movie directed by Bob Balaban. It was a movie debut for Matthew Fox and Matthew McConaughey. It was distributed by Touchstone Pictures. + += = = On Ice (movie) = = = +On Ice is a 1935 theatrical cartoon short in the "Mickey Mouse" film series, produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios. +It was the 79th Mickey Mouse short film to be released, and the eighth of that year. +Plot. +The cartoon revolves around three different storylines that all take place on a frozen lake during wintertime. In the first, Mickey helps Minnie learn how to skate. The second storyline has Goofy attempting to catch fish by dropping tobacco into the water and making the fish come up to spit. Donald pulls a prank on Pluto by putting ice skates on his feet and luring him out onto the ice in the third one. The subplots come together when Donald skates around with a kite on his back. The wind kicks up and sends him flying over the waterfall. Mickey hears his cries for help and saves him by pulling on the yarns of his sweater, sending him flying. Donald ends up landing right where Goofy is fishing. +Home media. +The short was released on December 4, 2001, on ' and on December 7, 2004, on '. + += = = Society Dog Show = = = +Society Dog Show is a 1939 "Mickey Mouse" cartoon short produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by RKO Radio Pictures. The animated short was directed by Bill Roberts and animated by Al Eugster, Shamus Culhane, Fred Moore, John Lounsbery, Norm Ferguson, and Leo Salkin. The film originally released on February 3, 1939. It was the 104th short in the "Mickey Mouse" film series to be released, and the first for that year. +In the short, Pluto's romantic partner is Fifi, a Pekingese who also appears in "Puppy Love" (1933), "Pluto's Quin-puplets" (1937) and "Mickey's Surprise Party" (1939). +Plot. +Mickey Mouse enters Pluto in a ritzy dog show. The two arrive there in a makeshift wooden car. While Mickey grooms Pluto, Pluto starts swooning over Fifi the Peke. When Pluto is called to the judge's stand, Mickey quickly retrieves him. Things don't look good for Mickey and Pluto after he attacks the judge (due to him being rude to Pluto), resulting in the two getting kicked out. Upon hearing trick dogs coming onstage to perform, Mickey decides to reenter Pluto in the dog show as a trick dog, but Pluto is nervous about the idea. When a photographer attempts to take a picture of the trick dogs, the camera's flash powder ignites a curtain, causing a fire to break out in the building. Fifi gets stuck under a fallen microphone stand. As Mickey is about to go back in with Pluto as a roller skating dog, a crowd of people and dogs run out. Pluto hears Fifi and bravely goes in, still wearing his roller skates. Mickey tries to follow, but is stopped by falling debris. After hitting a column and narrowly avoiding a collapsing part of the floor and a falling wall, Pluto skates his way across wooden beams and saves Fifi just before the floor that she's on gives way. They escape the burning building by crashing through a window and land on a drain pipe that folds down like a spring and launches them out onto the street. Mickey and the others gather around Pluto and the judge awards Pluto with a medal as everyone cheers for him, hailing him as a hero. Pluto then uses his ear to pull Fifi behind the medal, presumably sharing a kiss. +Home media. +The short was released on May 18, 2004, on "". + += = = Mickey's Twice Upon a Christmas = = = +Mickey's Twice Upon a Christmas is a 2004 American Christmas movie. It was directed by Matthew O'Callaghan. Segments of the anthology movie were directed by Peggy Holmes, O'Callaghan, Theresa Cullen, and Carole Holliday. It was produced by DisneyToon Studios. The movie is the computer-animated sequel to "Mickey's Once Upon a Christmas" (1999), It features Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Pluto, Goofy, Max, Donald Duck, Daisy Duck, Huey, Dewey, and Louie and Scrooge McDuck in five different segments. +Cast. +Additional voices were provided by Gregg Berger, Cork Hubbert, Jane Krakowski, Sherry Lynn, Haley J. Osment, John Rhys-Davies, Peter Siragusa and Gene Weygandt. +Release. +The movie was first released on DVD and VHS on November 9, 2004. For its 10th anniversary, the movie was released in a 2-Movie Collection Blu-ray and DVD with "Mickey's Once Upon a Christmas" on November 4, 2014. +Reception. +Joe Leydon of "Variety" wrote that the movie will appeal mostly to parents who wish to distract their children, as children "will not realize the novelty value of computer-animated Disney characters". Robert Pardi of "TV Guide" rated the movie 3/5 stars and wrote, "A candy-cane palate and a festive soundtrack bolster this omnibus, which allows Disney favorites a chance to strut some new stuff." + += = = Mickey's Once Upon a Christmas = = = +Mickey's Once Upon a Christmas is a 1999 direct-to-video animated Christmas anthology comedy fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Television Animation. +Home media. +The film was originally released on VHS and DVD on November 9, 1999. It was later re-released on VHS and on DVD (as part of the Walt Disney Gold Classic Collection) on November 7, 2000. The film was released in a 2-Movie Collection Blu-ray and DVD with "Mickey's Twice Upon a Christmas" on November 4, 2014. + += = = Jean-Jacques Dessalines = = = +Jean-Jacques Dessalines (Haitian Creole: "Jan-Jak Desalin"; ; 20 September 1758 – 17 October 1806), was one of the leaders of the Haitian Revolution and the first ruler of Independent Haiti under the Constitution of 1805. Jacques ended slavery in Haiti, he was named Emperor of Haiti by the leaders of the Revolution. He was assassinated in 1806. He is regarded as one of the founding fathers of Haiti. During the Haitian revolution, he won a number of victories against Napoleon, who had re-introduced slavery in Saint Domingue. These victories made Dessalines one of the most successful military commander in the struggle against Napoleonic France. +Dessalines was directly responsible for the country. Under his rule, Haiti became the first country in the Americas to permanently abolish slavery. Dessalines served as an officer in the French army when the colony was fighting against Spanish and British incursions. Later he rose to become a commander in the revolt against France. As Toussaint Louverture's principal lieutenant, he led many successful engagements, including the Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot. +In 1802 Louverture was betrayed and captured. Louverture was sent to prison in France where he died. Dessalines then became the leader of the revolution and Général-Chef de l'Armée Indigène on 18 May 1803. His forces defeated the French army at the Battle of Vertières on 18 November 1803. Saint-Domingue was declared independent on 29 November. It was called independent Republic of Haiti on 1 January 1804. A council of generals chose Dessalines to be its governor-general. +Dessalines ordered the 1804 Haitian Genocide of the remaining French population in Haiti. Between 3,000 and 5,000 people were killed, including women and children, as well as thousands of refugees. Some modern historians classify the massacre as a genocide due to its systemic nature. Dessalines excluded surviving Polish Legionnaires, who had defected from the French legion to become allied with the enslaved Africans, as well as the Germans who did not take part in the slave trade. He granted them full citizenship under the constitution and classified them as "black", along with all other Haitian citizens. Tensions remained with the minority of mixed-race or free people of color, who had gained some education and property during the colonial period. + += = = Plants vs. Zombies = = = +Plants vs. Zombies is a video game franchise. It is developed by PopCap Games, a subsidiary of Electronic Arts (EA). PopCap developed and released the first game of the series, "Plants vs. Zombies". At the time, the game "Plants vs. Zombies" was the only game of the series. After EA bought PopCap Games, EA expanded the game into a franchise with games on many different platforms. +Other media. +Plants vs. Zombies (Comic) + += = = George Fan = = = +George Fan is an American video game designer. He currently works at the company All Yes Good. He is known for designing the game "Plants vs. Zombies" (2009) while he worked at PopCap Games. He is also known for developing the games "Insaniquarium" (2001) and "Octogeddon" (2018). + += = = Aerial Gunner = = = +Aerial Gunner is a 1943 American World War II drama movie directed by William H. Pine and starring Chester Morris, Richard Arlen, Jimmy Lydon, Amelita Ward, Robert Mitchum, Dick Purcell. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Himalaya (movie) = = = +Himalaya: Caravan () is a 1999 Nepalese French British Swiss Monégasque adventure movie directed by Éric Valli and starring Thinle Lhondup, Tsering Dorjee, Lhakpa Tsamchoe, Gurgon Kyap. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 2000. + += = = St. Francis Xavier's College = = = +St Francis Xavier's College is a boys' Catholic secondary school in Kowloon, Hong Kong. The school was moved from Shanghai in 1955. Most lessons are taught in English, but there are lessons taught in Mandarin and Cantonese (both dialects of Chinese) as well. +History. +Founded by the Jesuit Fathers in Shanghai in 1874, the Marist Brothers owned the college starting from 1985. Due to Communist China's religion policies, the brothers moved to Hong Kong in 1949 and the school was rebuilt and classes started on 9 December 1955. Now the school has more than 700 students and 50 teachers (including one foreign teacher). Mr Mario Leung, the current principal, was appointed in 2021. +Trivia. +Lead: Saint Marcellin Champagnat, +Answer: Pray for us; +Lead: Saint Francis Xavier, +Answer: Pray for us. + += = = Experimental psychology = = = +Experimental psychology is psychology with experimental methods. It includes animals to understand how to work human emotions, memory, connections and so on. + += = = Lautenwerck = = = +The lautenwerck is a keyboard instrument. It is also called the lute-harpsichord. Like the harpsichord, it makes sound by plucking the strings with a plectrum. It uses gut strings instead of metal strings. The gut strings make the instrument sound like a lute. There are no lautenwercks from the 18th century which survive today. +Johann Sebastian Bach had two lute-harpsichords. It is thought that some of the music that he wrote for the lute is actually for the lautenwerck. + += = = Scinax auratus = = = +The Santa Ines snouted tree frog ("Scinax auratus") is a frog that lives in Brazil. + += = = Faithfully Yours = = = +Faithfully Yours is a 1988 Hong Kong romantic comedy movie directed by Wong Wa-kei and starring Jacky Cheung, Max Mok, Stephen Chow, Sharla Cheung, Richard Ng, Lydia Shum, Mak Ho Wai, Joyce Cheng. + += = = Johanna Braddy = = = +Johanna Braddy Is An American Actress & Singer. + += = = Azis = = = +Vasil Troyanov Boyanov (; born 7 March 1978), professionally known as Azis (), is a Bulgarian recording artist, of Romani ethnicity. Azis initially rose to prominence in Eastern Europe performing songs mostly in chalga, a genre which can be described as the Bulgarian rendition of pop-folk. Azis remains a prominent figure in the Bulgarian music scene. +Biography. +Azis was born Vasil Troyanov Boyanov in Sliven, although his childhood was spent in Kostinbrod and Sofia. In 1989, after the fall of communism in Bulgaria, he moved with his family to Germany. There, his sister, Matilda, and brother Ryan were born. Azis married Nikolay "Niki Kitaetsa" Petrov Parvanov on 1 October 2006. Their marriage is not legally recognized under Bulgarian law. Azis' daughter was born on 5 August 2007 and was named Raya. Her mother is Azis' longtime friend, Gala. In 2008, Azis and Parvanov separated amicably. +Discography. +Collaborations. +In 2011, Azis sang a duet called "Sezam" with Indira Radić, a Serbian singer, on her album "Istok, sever, jug i zapad". After that, in 2012 he sang another duet with Serbian singer Marta Savić, which was featured on her studio album "13". The song was called "Mama" and it was one of Balkan hit songs in 2012. In 2022, Azis made a song "Fališ mi" with Croatian singer Severina. + += = = Pháo = = = +Nguyễn Diệu Huyền (born 28 March 2003), known by her stage name Pháo, is a Vietnamese rapper and producer. She was raised in Tuyên Quang and lives in Hanoi as of 2021. Her name "Pháo" means passion. She was a student at the Hanoi College of Art. +Pháo started rapping around 2018. She has said she admires Cardi B, and Vietnamese rapper Kimmese. She wasn't known to the public until her song "2 Phút Hơn", with Vietnamese producer Masew released, gaining over 30 million views. The KAIZ remix of the song gained global popularity, mostly on social media app TikTok. She released a new version of the song in 2021 with American rapper Tyga. Pháo has also participated on Vietnamese TV show "King of Rap". + += = = Black Sherif = = = +Mohammed Ismail Sherif (born 9 January 2002), professionally known as Black Sherif, formerly Blacko, is a Ghanaian singer and rapper. He initially gained popularity in 2021 with his song "First Sermon," which he released that May. This was followed up with the "Second Sermon" in July. +His breakthrough came in March 2022 with his hit single "Kwaku the Traveller," which reached Number 1 on the Ghanaian and Nigerian Apple Music charts. (Its music video has been viewed 17 million times.) He then released his debut album, "The Villain I Never Was", on October 5, 2022. +Early life and education. +Mohammed Ismail Sherif was born and raised in Konongo-Zongo, in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. As both his parents worked mostly overseas, he started living with his aunt and other extended family members at the age of 10. His nomadic lifestyle exposed him to multiple influences and different cultures at a very early age. +Sherif attended his basic education at Konongo Zongo Islamic Basic School and later at Pinamang Educational Complex, where he graduated junior high school. He then later completed his secondary education at Kumasi Academy, where he picked up an interest in music and dancing. +A former student of the University of Professional Studies (UPSA), he was studying at the University of Ghana as of October 2022. +Career. +Black Sherif began his career in 2019 with the release of his song "Cry for Me" on YouTube. His debut single "Money" was released on May 25, 2020, along with a music video. In May 2021, his single "First Sermon" was released, further increasing his audience. The song's sequel, "Second Sermon," was released in July and received a remix with fellow African artist Burna Boy. +Black Sherif breakthrough came in March 2022 with his single "Kwaku the Traveller," which reached Number 1 on the Ghanaian and Nigerian Apple Music charts and became his most popular song. He released his debut album, "The Villain I Never Was," in October, supported by the singles "45" and "Soja". +Black Sherif have worked on songs by Sarkodie, Stormzy, Amerado, DJ Breezy, Larry Gaaga and others. +Black Sherif performed at the 25th anniversary of the Music of Black Origin (MOBO) Awards, which took place at the OVO Arena in Wembley, London. In December 2022, he hosted his debut concert, the "Mozama Disco Concert," in Accra. +On 20 February 2023, Black Sherif won the Best Hip Hop award at the Soundcity MVP Awards, which were held at the Eko Convention Centre in Lagos. He played the Palladium Times Square in New York City on May 20. +Since March 2023 Black Sherif has performed at the Wireless Festival in Abu Dhabi, Something In The Water Festival in Virginia Beach and Afronation Miami. He is the first Ghanaian to perform at the Wireless Festival in the UK. +Artistry. +Black Sherif's music is a blend of highlife, reggae, and hip-hop, specifically UK drill, a subgenre of drill music and road rap, borrowing from the U.S. Chicago styles that originated in Brixton, London, from 2012 onwards that are often about violent and hedonistic criminal lifestyles. Many of his lyrics are in an Akan dialect, Twi, his native tongue. He has stated his musical influences are rappers Kanye West, Travis Scott, Saint Jhn, Dave, Stormzy, J Hus, and Ghanaian artists Mugeez and Sarkodie. +Controversies. +On 11 April 2022, a lawsuit was filed against Black Sherif for alleged breach of contract after he signed a deal with Empire Shadrach Agyei Owusu; the CEO of Waynes Chavis Consult, was seeking the court to restrict Black Sherif from performing at events without his authorization. The Accra High Court (Commercial Division) dismissed the injunction filed against him which sought to prevent the singer from performing music he released under his old management. +Discography. +Albums +Personal life. +Black Sherif is a muslim. + += = = Killing Eve = = = +Killing Eve is a British spy thriller television series, produced in the United Kingdom by Sid Gentle Films for BBC America and BBC Three. +The series follows Eve Polastri (Sandra Oh), a British intelligence investigator. She has to capture or kill psychopathic assassin Villanelle (Jodie Comer). As the chase progresses, the two develop a fascination with each other which verges on obsession. The relationship moves to and fro during the series. The consequences of some of Villanelle's murders drive the events scripted. Villanelle is Russian-trained, yet politics is in the background of the series. The relationship between the two women is the real driving force. The fourth series premiered on 27 February 2022 on BBC America, 28 February 2022 on BBC iPlayer and 5 March 2022 on BBC One and concluded on 10 April 2022. + += = = Kim Bodnia = = = +Kim Bodnia (born 12 April 1965) is a Danish actor, writer, and director. He became widely known for his role as police detective Martin Rohde in the Scandinavian crime drama series "The Bridge" (2011–2013). He became internationally known for his lead role as the drug dealer "Frank" in Nicolas Winding Refn's 1996 directorial debut film "Pusher". In recent years, he has become best known for playing the role of Konstantin Vasiliev in the critically acclaimed BBC spy thriller series "Killing Eve" (2018–2022). +In 2009, Bodnia won the 62nd Bodil Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role, and in 2014 he won the Monte-Carlo Television Festival Award for Outstanding Actor in a Drama Series. In 2019, he earned a British Academy Television Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in "Killing Eve". + += = = Photosensitivity = = = +Light sensitivity, photophobia or hypersensitivity to light is a medical symptom that causes higher than usual intolerance of bright light, and usually the glare that accompanies it. When someone with photophobia is exposed to bright light, such as sunlight or modern florescent lighting, he or she usually experiences discomfort and or pain. +Various conditions and diseases like glaucoma, dyslexia, albinism, and concussions can cause light sensitivity. +One common remedy is to wear glasses with tinted lenses while in sun or florescent lighting. The glasses tints can be anything from barely noticeable tints to full on sunglasses + += = = Far Cry 3 = = = +Far Cry 3 is a 2012 first-person shooter game made by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft. It is the third main game in the "Far Cry" series after "Far Cry 2". + += = = Justine Musk = = = +Justine Musk is an author born in the 2 September 1972 in Canada and spent most of her early life in Canada. +Life. +She attended Queen's University in Kingston and obtained a degree in English literature. She then moved to Japan where she taught English as a second language before finally settling in California. In January 2000 she married Elon Musk and in 2002 they had there first child Nevada who died of sudden infant death syndrome at the age of 10 wks. Between 2004 and 2008 they had 5 children. On September 13 2008 Justine and Elon got divorced. +Books. +Her first book was published in 2005 named "Bloodangel" followed by "uninvited" in 2007 and "lord of bones" in 2008, her latest book "Smalltown Canadian girl" was published last year in 2016. + += = = Ruins of Gedi = = = +The ruins of Gedi (also known as Gede) are a historical and archaeological site near the Indian Ocean coast in Kenya. +Overview. +The site of Gedi includes a walled town and its outlying area. The earliest evidence for occupation at Gedi is a grave dating to between 1041 to 1278. Gedi was abandoned in the middle of the seventeenth century. +The Gedi ruins were first discovered by colonialists in 1884 after a British resident of Zanzibar, Sir John Kirk, visited the site. However, Gedi remained unknown to most of British East Africa's colonists until the 1920s. +3D Model. +Most of the Gedi Ruins were spatially documented in 2010. A 3D model can be viewed here. +Administration. +Gedi was made a historic monument in 1927. The site was declared a protected monument in 1929. Gedi and the surrounding forest was declared a national park in 1948. The site is currently administered by the museum's Department of Coastal Archaeology of Kenya. +In popular culture. +The final scene of the 1992 film "Nel continente nero" ("On the Black Continent") directed by Marco Rizi takes place and was filmed among the ruins of Gedi. +The ruins of Gedi are described and repeatedly mentioned in Andrei Gusev's 2020 novel “Our Wild Sex in Malindi”. + += = = Remchingen = = = +Remchingen is a town in Enzkreis district in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is southeast of Karlsruhe. +12,000 people live in Remchingen. + += = = Bohn = = = +Bohn is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: + += = = Angus MacAskill = = = +Angus MacAskill (1825 - 8 August 1863) was the tallest non-pathological giant in recorded history. His height was . + += = = Eliza Schneider = = = +Eliza Jane Schneider is an American actress, voice actress, singer, playwright, dialect coach and dialectologist. She has appeared on television and as a voice actress in video games and animated productions. She also performs various musical and stage shows. + += = = Mona Marshall = = = +Mona Morticia Ianotti, simply and better known as Mona Marshall (born August 31, 1947) is an American voice actress, known for her work in a number of cartoons, anime, movies and video games. Her major credits include "South Park", where she voices many of the female characters on the show; "Fraggle Rock: The Animated Series", "CBS Storybreak" and "Digimon". She has also appeared on stage in television shows such as "Cheers" and "Who's the Boss?". + += = = Puyo Puyo = = = +Puyo Puyo is the puzzle tile-matching video game series created by Compile. Seven year later, Sega was owned the "Puyo Puyo" franchises, with games being developed by Sonic Team. "Puyo Puyo" series was created as an spin-off series from "Madō Monogatari" ("Sorcery Saga"), the series of first-person dungeon crawler role-playing games published by Compile, where the "Puyo Puyo" characters originated. +History. +Compile games. +The first "Puyo Puyo" games was developed by Compile in 1991 for MSX2 and Family Computer Disk System, the latter release by Takuma Shoten as a pack-in for their "Famimaga" magazine. The game features the 1990 role-playing video game "Madō Monogatari 1-2-3", it also developed by Compile. Including "Endless" mode where the player attempts to amass huge score, "Mission" mode, where the player is given a pre-configured board to satisfy conditions, and two-player competitive mode. +Later, Compile and Sega was colaborated to created an arcade version of "Puyo Puyo". It was released in October 1992 for Sega's System C2 hardware. The game was ported to Sega Mega Drive, and becoming a best-selling video game. +The game followed by its sequel "Puyo Puyo 2" in September 1994, also released in Sega's System C2 hardware. "Puyo Puyo 2" adds the ability to counter the opponent's chain, additionally, it changes the single-player gauntlet from a linear structure to a roulette -based that requires player to pass sertain score thresholds to advance . Like the original game, "Puyo Puyo 2" has released on many platfoms. Except PlayStation 2, for the compilations of Sega Ages 3500 line. +The final game was developed by Compile, "Puyo Puyo DA!" a dancing game released in 1997 for PlayStation. + += = = Plants vs. Zombies (video game) = = = +Plants vs. Zombies is a tower defense video game developed and published by PopCap Games. It was created in 2009. "Plants vs. Zombies" was first released for Windows and Mac OS X, and it has been ported to consoles, handhelds, and mobile devices. In this game, the player is a homeowner who must defend against a zombie apocalypse. Zombies appear on multiple lanes that can reach the player's house. The player defends by placing plants that attack zombies. Plants can be bought with a currency called "sun". If a zombie makes it to the house on any lane, the player loses and must restart the level. +"Plants vs. Zombies" was designed by George Fan. He initially was going to make a game that would be a more defense-oriented game sequel to his fish simulator game "Insaniquarium". During development, he converted it into a tower defense game featuring plants fighting against zombies. The game takes inspiration from multiple games and movies. It took three and a half years to make "Plants vs. Zombies". Rich Werner was the main artist, Tod Semple programmed the game, and Laura Shigihara composed the game's music. In order to make the game interesting for casual and hardcore gamers, the tutorial was designed to be simple and spread throughout "Plants vs. Zombies". +"Plants vs. Zombies" was given positive reviews by critics. The game was also nominated for multiple awards, including "Download Game of the Year" and "Strategy Game of the Year" as part of Golden Joystick Awards 2010. Reviewers praised the game's humorous art style, simplistic but engaging gameplay, and soundtrack. When it was released in May 2009, it was the fastest-selling video game developed by PopCap Games and quickly became their best-selling game, much faster than "Bejeweled" and "Peggle". By 2010, "Plants vs. Zombies" had sold over a million copies worldwide. +In 2011, PopCap was bought by Electronic Arts (EA). Electronic Arts had fired George Fan and 49 other employees. Since then, it has marked the transition to mobile and social gaming. After EA bought PopCap Games, "Plants vs. Zombies" has grown into an entire franchise. This includes two direct sequels, three third-person shooters, and two spin-offs. +Gameplay. +In "Plants vs. Zombies", the player takes on the role of a homeowner in a suburban neighborhood who must defend their house from zombies with the help of various plants. The game is divided into several levels, each taking place in a different location around the house. The player must plant various types of plants, each with their own unique abilities, to defend against waves of zombies that approach from the right side of the screen. + += = = Live burial = = = +Live burial or premature burial is interred in a grave while still alive. Some cases of premature burial occurred because the technology to accurately determine death didn't exist so people were routinely wrongfully pronounced dead when in a coma or similar vegetative state. To guard against this, some cultures buried the dead with bells that could be rung if the person in the coffin was still alive, so they could be rescued. Live burial has also been used as a form of murder or execution. A related practice is immurement. + += = = Jet Set Radio = = = + is a video game series developed by Smilebit and published by Sega. + += = = Gung Ho (movie) = = = +Gung Ho (released in Australia as Working Class Man) is a 1986 American comedy movie directed by Ron Howard and starring Michael Keaton, Gedde Watanabe, George Wendt, John Turturro, Mimi Rogers, Clint Howard, Rance Howard, So Yamamura, Rick Overton. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and was spun off into a short lived TV series in 1987. + += = = Subbasement = = = +A subbasement, sub-basement or subcellar is a floor level below the main or uppermost basement level. Sub-basements are common in commercial buildings at high, dry altitudes but rare in houses. + += = = Commercial building = = = +A commercial building is an enclosed structure designed to be occupied by businesses. Building codes tend to be stricter for commercial buildings than residential ones, as on matters of accessibility and in the United States are usually limited to commercial only zoning districts. Examples of commercial buildings include + += = = Tokyo Xtreme Racer = = = +Tokyo Xtreme Racer known in Japan as and Tokyo Highway Challenge in Europe is an arcade racing video game series developed by Genki, and inspired by street racing in the Shuto Expressway in Tokyo. + += = = Zoning in the United States = = = +In law, particularly that in North America, zoning is the collective term for land use policies. Usually, zoning divides cities and counties into districts where only one property use is allowed, and only at a certain density (units per acre\hectare). In these cases, zoning districts include: +Zoning can also regulate things like the appearance of buildings, in a similar fashion as deed restrictions. + += = = Covenant (law) = = = +Deed restrictions, also called restrictive covenants, CCRs, or covenants, conditions and restrictions are rules imposed usually by a real estate developer to promote uniformity and cleanliness in a subdivision. + += = = Subdivision = = = +A subdivision, real estate development or tract is a large piece of land and divided into land lots. Subdivisions are usually residential and typically have deed restrictions and sometimes homeowners associations or their equivalent. When residential, subdivisions are often called housing developments, housing estates, etc. + += = = Homestead (buildings) = = = +A homestead is a largely self sufficient farmhouse. + += = = Dwelling = = = +A dwelling or domicile is a building or unit ( such as an apartment or house which is designed for living in. This term is often used in the legal sphere to mean one's official home + += = = Devil's Island = = = +Devil's Island is a former penal colony and forced labor camp in French Guiana. It's notorious for the extremely cruel conditions inmates were made to endure there. + += = = Zoning = = = +Zoning is a method of urban planning. A local government divides land into areas called zones. Each of these has regulations for new development different from other zones. +Zones may be defined for a single use (e.g. residential, industrial), or they may combine several uses. Regulations may govern the density, size and shape of buildings, whatever their use. +Zoning laws that limit the construction of new housing may be a big factor in segregation in the United States by income and race. +Some countries, like the United Kingdom, have town planning, but not strict zoning + += = = Robert Woolsey = = = +Robert Rollie Woolsey (August 14, 1888-October 31, 1938) is an American actor and Comedian in a Double act with Bert Wheeler because his Woosley Scream and he is always wears round glasses in 1929 and 1937 just like Harold Lloyd. +Death. +He died of Kidney failure at the age of 50 in the End of October in 1938 in Malibu, California at Halloween. + += = = John William Rogan = = = +John William Rogan (16 February 1868 - 12 September 1905) was the second tallest man to ever live. His height was . He was shorter than Robert Wadlow. He developed ankylosis during his teenage years. + += = = Tiky = = = +Tiky is a soft drink that tastes like pineapple from Guatemala, owned by Fabrica de Bebidas Gaseosas Salvavidas, S.A, part of the Coca-Cola company. + += = = Scinax rostratus = = = +The Caracas snouted tree frog ("Scinax rostratus") is a frog that lives in Panama, Suriname, Colombia, Venezuela, and Brazil. + += = = 2015 FIFA corruption case = = = +The 2015 FIFA corruption case was a court case that was about corruption in FIFA and its associations. + += = = Charithra Chandran = = = +Charithra Surya Chandran (born 17 January 1997) is a British actress. She is best known for her role as Edwina Sharma in season two of the Netflix series "Bridgerton" and her role in the science fiction series "Alex Rider". + += = = Shelley Conn = = = +Shelley Deborah Conn is a British actress. + += = = Polly Walker = = = +Polly Alexandra Walker (born 19 May 1966) is a British actress. She has starred in the movies "Enchanted April" (1991), "Patriot Games" (1992), "Sliver" (1993), "Restoration" (1995), "The Gambler" (1997), and "Savage Messiah" (2002),"Rome" (2005–2007). She is also known for her roles in BBC One dramas "Prisoners’ Wives" (2012–2013), "Line of Duty" (2016, 2019) and Netflix Original period drama "Bridgerton" (2020-). + += = = Taffy (TV series) = = = +Taffy is a French animated comedy television series. It was produced in the program, Adobe Animate, by Cyber Group Studios and Turner Broadcasting System Europe. The show aired in Boomerang since December 17, 2018 and has since been renewed for a second season. The show focuses on a raccoon named Scraggs, who is mistaken for a cat named "Taffy" by Mrs. Muchmore, an old woman who also owns a pet dog. Bentley, her dog in question, thus will have to reveal to her "Taffy"'s secret. + += = = The Last Man on Earth (1964 movie) = = = +The Last Man On Earth is a 1964 post-apocalyptic movie. It is based on the 1954 novel I Am Legend. The Last Man on Earth is in the public domain. + += = = Unreal Engine = = = +Unreal Engine is a game engine made by Epic Games, it was first showcased in the 1998 first-person shooter game "Unreal". It has since been used mainly in three-dimensional (3D) and is also used in the film and television industry. Unreal Engine is written in C++ and supports many desktop, mobile, console and virtual reality platforms. + += = = Steam Deck = = = +The Steam Deck is a mobile gaming computer made by Valve and released on February 25, 2022. The Steam Deck can be played as a handheld or connected to a monitor similar to the Nintendo Switch. It is an x86-64-v3 that lets user access the Steam library and other Microsoft Windows PC games there was always kind of this classic chicken and egg problem with the Steam Machine. + += = = USB-C = = = +USB-C (USB Type-C) is a 24-pin USB connector. This type of USB connector is commonly found on Android devices and computers. The USB-C specifications were first published and finalized in August of 2014, roughly the same time as USB 3.1 specifications. It is both smaller and faster than USB-A. The USB-C 3.1 has the potential to have higher data transfer speeds. It can also deliver 100 watts of power over a single cable (this is done by upping the voltage to 20 volts). + += = = Ernestine Eckstein = = = +Ernestine Eckstein (April 23, 1941 – July 15, 1992) was a Black lesbian woman who fought for lesbian rights. Eckstein participated in LGBTQ rights protests that occurred before the famous Stonewall Riots of 1969. +Activism. +Eckstein was often one of the few women at early LGBTQ rights protests. Usually she was the only Black women in attendance. +Ernestine Eckstein was the vice president of the New York chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis organization. The Daughters of Bilitis were a nationwide group that fought for lesbian rights, and offered help to lesbians who needed it. Eckstein was on the cover of The Ladder in June 1966, fighting against racism in both the United States and the LGBTQ movement, representing a Black lesbian advocate. Eckstein believed that it was more important for her to fight for LGBTQ rights than Black rights because as a Black person she already had rights, but as a member of the LGBTQ community, she didn’t have the same freedom. + += = = Cavalier Johnson = = = +Cavalier Johnson (born November 5, 1986) is an American politician. He is the 45th and current mayor of Milwaukee, Wisconsin since 2021. He was Milwaukee Common Council president as well as Milwaukee's 2nd District alderman. +In April 2022, Johnson won a special election, becoming the first African-American elected mayor of Milwaukee. + += = = Zitkála-Šá (Gertrude Simmons Bonnin) = = = +Zitkála-Šá (Lakota for Red Bird; February 22, 1876 – January 26, 1938), also known by her missionary and married names Gertrude Simmons Bonnin, was a political activist in the 20th century. Through out her life she wrote nine books that brought attention to the life of an Native American person in the 20th century, including American Indian Stories, Old Indian Legends, American Indian Stories and other writings, Dance in a Buffalo Skull, American Indian and Old Indian Legends, Impressions of an Indian childhood Dreams and Thunder, Iktomi And The Ducks And Other Sioux Stories and The School Days Of An Indian Girl, and An Indian Teacher Among Indians. She won the Indiana State Oratorical Contest in 1896 after she gave her speech "Side By Side." In 1916 she was elected as the secretary of the Society of American Indians. She worked there until 1919. In 1924 she helped to pass the Indian Citizenship Bill. In 1928 she joined the Merriam Report, which was a group of people working together to investigate and show the rights of American Indians at the time. In the middle of December 1928 she gave another speech speaking about the group's findings. She started the council of American Indians in 1926 and spent the rest of her working life working there. + += = = An American Citizen = = = +An American Citizen is a 1914 American silent romantic comedy movie directed by J. Searle Dawley and was based on the 1897 Broadway play of the same name. It stars John Barrymore (in his movie debut), Peter Lang, Alexander Gaden, Wellington A. Playter, Hal Clarendon and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. It is a lost movie. + += = = CryEngine = = = +CryEngine is a game engine designed by the German game developer Crytek. It has been used in games made by Crytek and other third-party games. Ubisoft, the current owner of the Far Cry franchise, uses a modified version of CryEngine called the Dunia Engine. + += = = ECMAScript = = = +ECMAScript is a standard made for the JavaScript scripting language. It was created for JavaScript to run the same on all browsers, since different ones used different versions of JavaScript. +In November 1996, Netscape announced a meeting of Ecma International to standardize JavaScript. Microsoft critcised this decision, since they were leading in the JavaScript war with their Internet Explorer browser. + += = = Emma Tenayuca = = = +Emma Beatrice Tenayuca (December 21, 1916 - July 23, 1999) was a Civil Rights Activist and Mexican American Labor Organizer. +Early life. +Tenayuca was born into a large Mexican Comanche family. Her family suffered from the Great Depression. +Work. +Tenayuca led strikes and protests. She wanted Mexican American workers to have better working conditions and better pay in 1930s Texas. Tenayuca worked with many moderate unions such as the League of United Latin American Citizens or the International Ladies Garment Workers. But she believed those groups ignored many workers who needed help. She started her own organiation. This organization was a communist Texas group called the Workers Alliance of America. The group helped unemployed people. Tenayuca said that "Mexicans need to unite, not divide on the basis of citizenship, class or educational status." +Pecan Sheller Strike. +In 1938, Tenayuca led a huge strike of pecan shellers, or workers who took the hard shells off of pecans. It was the largest strike in San Antonio, TX's history. About 12,000 people refused to do their work until they got better pay and improved work conditions. + += = = Malcolm II of Scotland = = = +Malcolm II (5 October 954 - 25 November 1034) was King of Scotland from 1005 until 1034. + += = = Kumyk people = = = +Kumyks (Kumyk: ����������, qumuqlar, ) are a Turkic people living in north-eastern Dagestan. The territories traditionally populated by Kumyks, and where their historical states used to exist, are called Kumykia. The land inhabited by Kumyks once used to be a part of a Kumyk statehood Tarki Shamkhalate. +Their origins can be traced to Sunni-Kipchak Cossacks and the "Borchali" (or "Burjoglu"), originally the name of a seventeenth century Turkic tribe that settled in Caucasian Georgia with Turkic-Khazar roots. Montclair State University professor H. Mark Hubey traces the origins of the Kumyk people to the Bronze/Iron Age tribe "Kumukku" of the Ancient Near East. Kumyks are divided into six clans: Arpali (connected with the Árpád dynasty), Sarali, Targulu, Zhan-Ahmetli, Chagarli and Ulashli. The dialects of the Kumyks are: Kaitag, Terek, Buynaksk and Xasavyurt. +Kaitag (Mountain Kayı), which for ten centuries (10–19 cc.) was a lingua franca in the North Caucasus, is the Russified name of the Kayı tribe who played a prominent role in the history of the Caucasus. Kaitag principality was a leading component of the Shamkhalate of Kazi-Kumukh state on the Caspian western seaboard that, in different forms, lasted from the 8th to the 19th centuries. +Kaitag textiles, stamped out under Soviet rule, their artistry and artistry remain distinct. + += = = Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence = = = +Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) was a statement adopted by the Cabinet of Rhodesia on 11 November 1965, announcing that Southern Rhodesia, a British territory in southern Africa that had governed itself since 1923, now regarded itself as an independent sovereign state. Despite the UDI, Rhodesia remained a British colony until it became Zimbabwe in 1980. + += = = Scinax staufferi = = = +The Middle American snouted tree frog, Stauffer's snouted tree frog, Stauffer's longnosed tree frog, or Stauffer's tree frog ("Scinax staufferi") is a frog that lives in Mexico south to Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. +This frog lives in grasslands and forests. + += = = Nastaliq = = = +Nastaliq is a modified version of the Perso-Arabic Alphabet. + += = = Crysis = = = +Crysis is a sci-fi first-person shooter video game series made by German developer Crytek. + += = = Right to health = = = +There is the idea that everyone has the right to a minimum standard of health. Some people have called this right to health. They said it is an economic, social, and cultural right. There are several international agreements which have included this idea. Some of these agreemenrs are the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. There are still some discussions, as people do not fully agree on things like the exact definition of health. They also do not agree about what a minimum standard of health should be, and who should be responsible to ensure this right to health. +The Human Rights Measurement Initiative measures the right to health for countries around the world, based on their level of income. +Definition. +There are different definitions of what health is: + += = = Far Cry New Dawn = = = +Far Cry New Dawn is a 2019 first-person shooter game made by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft. It is a spin-off and sequel to 2018’s "Far Cry 5". + += = = Battlefield V = = = +Battlefield V is a first-person shooter game made by DICE and published by Electronic Arts. It is the sixteenth game in the "Battlefield" series and the successor to 2016's "Battlefield 1", it was released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on November 20, 2018. + += = = Right to life = = = +The right to life is the belief that a being has the right to live and, in particular, should not be killed by another entity, including a government. This concept has led to some discussion: +The right to life may apply in any of these cases, and different groups have different opinions where it should apply. + += = = Goten = = = +Goten,is a fictional character from the dragon ball franchise. His first appearance was the start of the Tenkaichi Budokai (World Martial Arts Tournament) saga where he attended the world Martial arts tournament with his friend trunks. +Goten is not mostly involved in fights or other parts of the series like Super Dragon Ball Heroes but he's in games and in merchandise. +Appearance. +In Dragon Ball Z. +Goten was born seven years after the Cell games. He was trained by his mother,ChiChi in the martial arts but also allowing him to transform into a super saiyan to the disappointment in which she forbids him not to transform into it again. He then trains with his older brother Gohan, who is shocked to find he can turn into a super saiyan half the age Gohan was. Gohan teaches him and his soon to be sister in-law Videl, and he quickly learns how to fly before Videl. +He then attends the world martial arts tournament where he meets his father Goku for the first time. At the tournament, Goten easily defeats his opponent and advances to the finals where he fights his best friend Trunks. Trunks overwhelmed Goten, which forces to transform into a super saiyan and brake out trunk's clutches. Trunks challenges Goten by fighting him using one arm but Goten overwhelmed him and also forcing him to go super saiyan. Goten loses to trunks after the latter tricks him knocking him out of the ring. +He and Trunks then disguise themselves as mighty mask, to participate in the adult division. After the defeat of Videl,two warriors,Spopovitch and Yamu,ambushed Gohan and most of the fighters ran after them. Hercule decide to have a battle royale with the remaining warriors, mighty mask(Goten and Trunks) defeats his opponent and Android 18 aslo defeats hers and they end up fighting her. They hold their own using their coordinated attacks but #18 overwhelmed them,forcing them to go super saiyan blowing their cover causing instant disqualification because teams are not allowed in the tournament. + += = = Bishesh Huirem = = = +Bishesh Huirem is an Indian actress and model. She belongs to the Meitei ethnicity of Manipur. She is best remembered for representing India at the "Miss International Queen for Transgender" organised in Pattaya, Thailand in 2016. She is the first Indian transgender person who represents her country in the "Miss International Beauty Queen" Contest. She is the first Indian transgender person to be appointed as a state icon for the parliamentary polls in the Lok Sabha elections. She is the first transgender person to win the "Best Actor Award" in the 14th Manipur State Film Awards, 2022. "Ang Tamo," "It's Not My Choice" and "Apaiba Leichil" are some of her notable films. +2016 apology demand incident. +On 13 September 2016, Huirem was allegedly beaten up by the personal security guards and armed personnel of Rural Development Minister Moirangthem Okendra in Imphal, Manipur. The incident happened in a road rage at around 10 pm during night. Consequently, Bishesh protested and served an ultimatum to Okendra to apologize for the incident within seven days or face outcomes. However, the officials of the Minister rejected her claim over the incident. According to them, Bishesh was driving “dead drunk” and was even not able to reverse her car which was blocking the minister’s security escorts. Further, the minister's officials said that Bishesh was throwing tantrums claiming she had the right to drive and even attempted to forcibly open the minister’s vehicle's door. In response, Bishesh denied all the claims from the minister's officials as "baseless charges". She denied she was drunk. She clarified that she was not even consuming salt and oil in her diet for her hormone therapy in a preparation for a beauty contest. Shocked by the incident, she was hospitalized. The associations and organizations of various artistes banned all mobile theatres, films and music programmes in the Heirok Assembly Constituency (Okendra's vonstituency) until and unless he apologized. + += = = Ikumi Fujii = = = +Ikumi Fujii (born 2 November 1982) is a Japanese wheelchair basketball player. She is a member of the Japan women's national wheelchair basketball team, and her club Scratch. She plays as a forward. She competed at the 2020 Summer Paralympics. +Life. +Fujii used to play able-bodied basketball as she did in third grade at primary school. When she was 15 years old at middle school she sustained an osteosarcoma and underwent surgery for a prosthetic knee replacement of her right leg. After the surgery she couldn't play basketball anymore. Encouraged by her teacher she started playing wheelchair basketball. When she was 19 years old she had ulcerative colitis and her entire colon had to be removed. When she was 20 years old, she started playing and competing at seriously in Yokohama. She made her debut for the national team in 2005. As Fujii was diagnosed with breast cancer she underwent surgery in September 2017 for the removal of her right breast. She became a member of the "All Star Five Player" at the Emperor's Cup in 2017, 2018 and 2019. She won with the team the silver medal at the 2018 Asian Para Games. +Fujii is married to wheelchair basketball player Shingo Fujii, who competed at the Paralympic Games in 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016. He is also assistant coach of the women's national team and so he also coaches Ikumi Fujii. They have a son since 2014 named Sora. + += = = Crysis 2 = = = +Crysis 2 is a sci-fi first-person shooter video game made by Crytek, published by Electronic Arts and released in North America, Australia and Europe in March 2011 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360. Officially announced on June 1, 2009, the game is the second main game of the "Crysis" series, and a sequel to the 2007 video game "Crysis". + += = = IO Interactive = = = +IO Interactive A/S (IOI) is a Danish video game developer based in Copenhagen, best known for making the "Hitman" franchise. IO Interactive's most recent game is "Hitman 3", which was released in January 2021. + += = = Hitman (franchise) = = = +Hitman is a stealth video game franchise made by the Danish developer IO Interactive, and was published by Eidos Interactive and Square Enix. IO Interactive completed a management buyout in June 2017 and gotten the legal rights to the series. The games are available for macOS, Linux, Microsoft Windows and many consoles, including the PlayStation 2, Xbox, GameCube, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, PlayStation Vita, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X, Nintendo Switch, and Stadia. + += = = Stealth game = = = +A stealth game is a type of video game in where the player uses "stealth" to avoid or defeat opponents. Games in the genre usually allow the player to remain undetected by hiding, sneaking, or using disguises. + += = = Roberto Bendini = = = +Roberto Bendini (28 July 1945 – 14 April 2022) was an Argentine lieutenant general. He was chief of the general staff of the Army from 28 May 2003 to 19 September 2008. Bendini was the general who took down the paintings of former de facto presidents Jorge Rafael Videla and Reynaldo Bignone in 2004 at the Casa Rosada. +Bendini died of pancreatic cancer on 14 April 2022 at the age of 76 in Del Viso, Argentina. + += = = Newton Cruz = = = +Newton Araújo de Oliveira e Cruz (30 October 1924 — 15 April 2022) was a general in the Brazilian Army. He was known for his role during the military dictatorship in Brazil between 1964 and 1985. +In 1994, he ran for governor of Rio de Janeiro for the Social Democratic Party (PSD), finishing third, with 14% of the votes. +Cruz died in Rio de Janeiro on 15 April 2022, at the age of 97. + += = = Bernhard Germeshausen = = = +Bernhard Germeshausen (21 August 1951 – 15 April 2022) was an East German bobsledder. He competed from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s. He took part in two Winter Olympics, he won four medals with three golds (Two-man: 1976, Four-man: 1976, 1980) and one silver (Two-man: 1980). + += = = Michael O'Kennedy = = = +Michael O'Kennedy (21 February 1936 – 15 April 2022) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician. He was born in Nenagh, Ireland. O'Kennedy was Minister for Labour from 1991 to 1992 and Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1977 to 1979. +He was a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Tipperary North constituency from 1969 to 1981, 1982 to 1992 and 1997 to 2002. He was a Senator from 1965 to 1969, and from 1993 to 1997. +O'Kennedy died on 15 April 2022 in Dublin, Ireland at the age of 86. + += = = Rosario Ibarra = = = +María del Rosario Ibarra de la Garza (24 February 1927 – 16 April 2022), also known by her marital name Rosario Ibarra de Piedra, was a Mexican activist and politician. She was a presidential candidate and was president of Comité Eureka at the time of her death. She was a member of the Senate from 2006 until 2012. + += = = Gloria Sevilla = = = +Gloria Sevilla (January 31, 1932 – April 16, 2022) was a Filipino actress. Her best known movie roles were in "Dyesebel" (1978), "Bida si Mister, Bida si Misis" (2002), and "El Presidente" (2012). She also had a role in the television drama "Be Careful With My Heart". +Sevilla died on April 16, 2022 at the age of 90 in Oakland, California. + += = = Joachim Streich = = = +Joachim Streich (13 April 1951 – 16 April 2022) was a German footballer. He won the bronze medal with East Germany at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. He played for the national team from 1969 until 1984, making 98 appearances. +Streich died on 16 April 2022 in Leipzig, Germany from myelodysplastic syndrome, three days after his 71st birthday. + += = = Ray Tindle = = = +Sir Raymond Stanley Tindle (8 October 1926 – 16 April 2022) was a British newspaper and radio businessman. He founded the Tindle Group of regional newspapers and radio stations. +He was appointed a CBE in the 1987 Birthday Honours and knighted in 1994 for services to the newspaper business. +In 2017, Tindle stepped down as Chairman of the company at the age of 90. He died on 16 April 2022 at the age of 95. + += = = Jon Wefald = = = +Jon Michael Wefald (November 24, 1937 – April 16, 2022) was an American educator. He was the twelfth president of Kansas State University from 1986 until 2009. Wefalf was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. +Wefald died on April 16, 2022 in St. Cloud, Minnesota from a heart attack, aged 84. + += = = Mireya Baltra = = = +Mireya Baltra Moreno (25 February 1932 – 17 April 2022) was a Chilean sociologist, journalist and politician. She was a member of the Communist Party of Chile. She was a councillor (1963–1969) and a deputy (1969–1973) for Santiago. She was Minister of Labour and Social Welfare in Salvador Allende's government. +Baltra died on 17 April 2022 in Santiago, Chile at aged 90. + += = = Jens Bergensten = = = +Jens Peder Bergensten (born 18 May 1979), also known as Jeb, is a Swedish video game programmer and designer. He is the lead designer of "Minecraft". In 2013, he and Markus Persson was named as one of "Time" 100 most influential people in the world. He was the co-developer in 2010. In 2011, he became the lead designer in 2011. He got full control in 2014 when Persson left the company. + += = = Catherine Spaak = = = +Catherine Spaak (3 April 1945 – 17 April 2022) was a Belgian-Italian model, actress and singer. She was born in Boulogne-Billancourt, France. Her career began in 1959 and she retired in 2014. +Spaak's best known roles were in "Circle of Love" (1964), "The Man, the Woman and the Money" (1965), "The Incredible Army of Brancaleone" (1966), "Adultery Italian Style" (1966), "Hotel" (1967), "The Libertine" (1969), "Diary of a Telephone Operator" (1969), the drama "The Cat o' Nine Tails" (1971), "Story of a Cloistered Nun" (1973), "My Darling Slave" (1973), "Take a Hard Ride" (1975), "Sunday Lovers" (1980) and "Miele di donna" (1981). +Spaak had a cerebral hemorrhage in March 2020 and it caused health problems afterwards. She died on 17 April 2022 in Rome, Italy at the age of 77. + += = = Andrzej Korzyński = = = +Andrzej Waldemar Korzyński (2 March 1940 – 18 April 2022) was a Polish composer. He worked with movie directors Andrzej Wajda and Andrzej Żuławski. His best known works were "The Birch Wood", "Man of Marble", "The Devil" and "Possession". He was born in Warsaw, Poland. +Korzyński died on 18 April 2022 at the age of 82. + += = = Vyacheslav Trubnikov = = = +Vyacheslav Ivanovich Trubnikov (; April 25, 1944 – April 18, 2022) was a Russian journalist, political scientist, intelligence officer, and diplomat. He worked as the Director of Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia) and was a First Deputy of Foreign Minister of Russia. In 2004, he was nominated as the Ambassador of Russia to India by President Vladimir Putin. +He was a Senior Network Member at the European Leadership Network (ELN). + += = = Kamen Rider Zero-One = = = +Kamen Rider Zero-One (also called Kamen Rider 01) is a Japanese tokusatsu drama "Kamen Rider" Franchise. +Schedule. +Super Hero Time joined "Kishiryu Sentai Ryusoulger" and later, "Mashin Sentai Kiramager". + += = = Mere, Wiltshire = = = +Mere is a small town and civil parish in Wiltshire, England. It is on the southwestern tip of Salisbury Plain, close to the borders of Somerset and Dorset. + += = = Evan Mecham = = = +Evan Mecham ( ; May 12, 1924 – February 21, 2008) was an American businessman and politician. He was the 17th governor of Arizona from January 5, 1987, until his impeachment conviction on April 4, 1988. He was very unpopular in Arizona because many of the things he said were seen as racist and was accused of hiring close friends and family to high state jobs. +Mecham was removed from office following conviction in his impeachment trial on charges of obstruction of justice and misuse of government funds—funds. In his later career, he unsuccessfully ran for governor again and for the United States Senate against John McCain. +Mecham died at a retirement home in Phoenix, Arizona on February 21, 2008 from problems caused by Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease at the age of 83. + += = = Marios = = = +Marios is a given name. The pronunciation of the name is [ mahr-ee-oh, mar-; "Italian", "Spanish" mah-ryaw ]. This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021). + += = = Air freshener = = = +Air fresheners are consumer products that make an area smell different or better. +Car Freshener. +Car fresheners are air fresheners for cars. They were invented in 1952 by Julius Samann after a milk driver complained about the smell of spilled milk. The first car freshener was Little Trees. +Air fresheners are used in bathrooms. Bathroom need air fresheners to help make the bathroom smell good at all times. + += = = Summersville, Missouri = = = +Summersville is a city in Shannon County, Missouri. Most of it is in Texas County, Missouri, though. In 2020, 453 people lived there. There has been a post office in Summersville since 1871. + += = = Gellért Hill = = = +Gellért Hill (; ; ) is a high hill overlooking the Danube in Budapest, Hungary. + += = = Church of Saint Ildefonso = = = +The Igreja de Santo Ildefonso is an eighteenth-century church in Porto, Portugal. The church is located near Batalha Square. + += = = Batalha Square = = = +Batalha Square () is a historic public square in the city of Porto, in Portugal. + += = = Palácio da Bolsa = = = +The Stock Exchange Palace () is a historic building in Porto, Portugal. It is in the centre of Porto. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. + += = = Casa da Música = = = +The Casa da Música is a concert hall in Porto, Portugal. It was designed by architect Rem Koolhaas and opened in 2005. + += = = Karl Liebknecht = = = +Karl Liebknecht was a Socialist leader (1871-1919). He was also one of the representatives of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. From about 1915, he worked with Rosa Luxemburg to define many of the political positions of the Spartacus League. In 1918 and 1919, he was one of the founders of the Communist Party of Germany. In 1919 there as a civil unrest in Berlin, which is known as the Spartacist uprising today. Shortly after the end of the uprising, members of the Prussian army shot Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg.This happened on the orders of Gustav Noske, who was in charge of resolving the many Communist uprisings that happened between 1918 and 1920. + += = = Infield fly rule = = = +The infield fly rule is a special rule in baseball that makes it so the batter is out even if the ball is not caught. The point of the rule is to stop the defensive team from getting an easy double play by dropping the ball on purpose. Because the rule is called only at a certain case, it doesn't happen all the time so it can be confusing to people who are new to baseball or don’t know the rule. +Background. +Suppose the batter hits the ball into the air over the field, which is a pop up or fly ball. Normally, a defensive player can try and catch it before it hits the ground. If the ball is caught, then the batter is out. Any runners that tried to run to the next base must go back and touch the base they were on before, known as “tagging up”. Once the runner has tagged up, he can try to run to the next base, but most of the time the offensive players play it safe and stay. If the runner does not tag up, the defensive team can have a player who is holding the ball tag the base. This will "double off" the runner and he will be called out. If the batted ball touches the ground first or is dropped, then the runner does not need to tag up and can try and run to the next base. +Rule. +The umpire can call an infield fly when all this is true: +The words in the rule book for calling an infield fly are “ordinary effort”. Ordinary effort means that a player should normally be able to catch the ball without too much trouble. The umpire's job is to decide if the ball can be caught with ordinary effort. +The umpire will then call an infield fly by saying “infield fly, batter's out” or “infield fly if fair”. The batter is automatically out even if the ball is dropped, and the runners must tag up. +Reason. +If there was no infield fly rule, then the runners would have a problem. If the ball is caught, then they have to go back and tag up. But if the ball is not caught, then it immediately turns into a force play and they have to run to the next base. The defensive team could drop the ball on purpose and easily tag out the runners, getting a double or even triple play. The infield fly rule gets rid of this problem by letting the runners stay at their bases without having to wait and see if the ball will be caught. + += = = Kevin Meates = = = +Kevin Francis Meates (20 February 1930 – 17 April 2022) was a New Zealand rugby union player. He played as a flanker. He was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, in 1952. Meates was born in Greymouth, New Zealand. +Meates died in Christchurch, New Zealand on 17 April 2022 at the age of 92. + += = = Lidiya Alfeyeva = = = +Lidiya Nikolayevna Alfeyeva (, ) (17 January 1946 – 18 April 2022) was a Soviet athlete. She mainly competed in the women's long jump event. She competed for the USSR in the 1976 Summer Olympics, where she won the bronze medal in the women's long jump event. Alfeyeva was born in Dnipropetrovsk, Soviet Union. +Alfeyeva died on 18 April 2022 at the age of 76. + += = = Valerio Evangelisti = = = +Valerio Evangelisti (20 June 1952 – 18 April 2022) was an Italian writer. His books were science fiction, fantasy, historical novels, and horror. He was known for his novels about Nicolas Eymerich and for his Nostradamus trilogy. Evangelisti was born in Bologna, Italy. His career began in 1993. He won a Urania Award in 1993. +Evangelisti died on 18 April 2022 in Bologna at the age of 69. + += = = Rein Ratas = = = +Rein Ratas (9 May 1938 – 18 April 2022) was an Estonian Centre Party politician. He was in the Riigikogu from 2007 until 2011 and again from 2015 until 2018. Ratas was the father of Prime Minister Jüri Ratas. He was born in Häädemeeste, Estonia. +Ratas died on 18 April 2022 in Tallinn, Estonia at the age of 83. + += = = Doctor Fate (Kent Nelson) = = = +Kent Nelson is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character first appeared in "More Fun Comics" #55 (May 1940). He is the first character to become Doctor Fate and is the best known version of the character. +In the DC Universe, Kent Nelson and his father discovered a tomb that held the ancient being known as Nabu. When Kent's mind was forced by Nabu to release him, the gas that filled the tomb killed his father. Feeling bad, Nabu said he would take the young Kent Nelson as his apprentice. Nabu used his magical powers to age him to adulthood and helped him become Doctor Fate. +Many people would replace Nelson as Doctor Fate such as Hector Hall, Jared Stevens, and his grand-nephew, Kent V. Nelson. +Kent Nelson as Doctor Fate has appeared in the television series "Smallville", where he was played by Brent Stait. He will appear in the DC Extended Universe movie "Black Adam", where he will be played by Pierce Brosnan. + += = = Devon Energy Center = = = +The Devon Energy Center (also known as the Devon Tower) is a 50-story skyscraper in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. It is the tallest building in the city and state. It is tied with Park Tower in Chicago as the 62nd tallest building in the United States. +Construction began October 6, 2009, and was completed in October 2012. + += = = J. D. Vance = = = +James David Vance (born James Donald Bowman; August 2, 1984) is an American Republican politician, conservative commentator, businessman, and author. Vance is the United States Senator from Ohio since 2023. He is best known for his memoir "Hillbilly Elegy", which became popular during the 2016 election. +In January 2017, Vance became a CNN contributor. +In July 2021, Vance announced his candidacy for the United States Senate in the 2022 election to replace retiring U.S. Senator Rob Portman. In April 2022, former President Donald Trump announced his support for Vance. He won the Republican nomination in May 2022. In November 2022, he was elected U.S. Senator after defeating U.S. Representative Tim Ryan in the general election. + += = = Julius Sämann = = = +Julius Sämann (April 15, 1911 – May 9, 1999) was a German businessman. He was born in Uffenheim, Germany. He was a Jew. He left Germany because of the Nazis. He studied the smell of Alpine Trees for five years in Canada. Sämann developed methods to get essential oils from ever-green trees and started an oil company. He sold the interest from the company in 1946. In 1952, a milk driver in Watertown, New York complained to him about the smell of spilled milk. Because of this, he invented Little Trees. + += = = Blake Masters = = = +Blake Gates Masters (born August 5, 1986) is an American venture capitalist, author, and politician. He is the president of the Thiel Foundation. Masters co-wrote "Zero to One: Notes on Startups, or How to Build the Future" with Peter Thiel in 2014. He was the unsuccessful Republican candidate for the United States Senate in Arizona in the 2022 election. He is a supporter of former President Donald Trump. + += = = Lincoln Bible = = = +The Lincoln Bible is a Bible that was owned by William Thomas Carroll, a clerk of the U.S. Supreme Court. The bible was used by President Abraham Lincoln at his inauguration in 1861. It was also used by President Barack Obama at his inaugurations in 2009 and 2013. It was most recently used by President Donald Trump at his inauguration in 2017. +The bible was returned to Caroll after Lincoln's first inauguration. He later gave it to the Lincoln family sometime after Lincoln's assassination. The family donated the Bible to the Library of Congress in 1928. The Bible was on display at the Library of Congress from February to May 2009 in a celebration of Lincoln's 200th birthday. +The Bible is an Oxford University Press edition of the King James Bible. It was published in 1853, it has 1280 pages, and is about long by wide, and thick. +The Bible is not a rare edition, and a similar Bible without Lincoln Bible's historical importance, would be valued about $30 or $40. + += = = George Washington Inaugural Bible = = = +The George Washington Inaugural Bible is the Bible that was sworn upon by George Washington when he took office as the first President of the United States on April 30, 1789. +The Bible is the King James Version from 1767. St. John's Lodge No. 1, Ancient York Masons, own the bible. +Some people believe the Bible was randomly opened to Genesis 49 during the ceremony, although some experts believe Washington purposely chose it. +The Bible has since been used for the inaugurations of Warren G. Harding in 1921, Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1953, Jimmy Carter in 1977, and George H. W. Bush in 1989. + += = = Nida Patcharaveerapong = = = +Nida Patcharaveerapong (; 13 September 1984 — 24 February 2022), also known as Pattaratida Patcharaveerapong (), better known as Tangmo (), was a Thai actress. Her acting career began in 2003. She was known for appearing in many soap operas and drama shows in Thailand. She was born in Bangkok, Thailand. She appeared in "The Fallen Leaf", "Ghost of Mae Nak" and "". +On 24 February 2022, she fell from a speedboat in Chao Phraya River near Mueang Nonthaburi, Thailand. Her body was found two days later. She was 37 years old. + += = = Juan Carlos Osorio = = = +Juan Carlos Osorio Arbeláez (; born 8 June 1961) is a Colombian professional football manager and former footballer. He played as a midfielder. He managed the Mexico national football team from 2015 until 2018 and Paraguay from 2018 until 2019. + += = = George Herbert = = = +George Herbert was an English poet and Anglican priest. + += = = The Woman Who Walked Alone = = = +The Woman Who Walked Alone is a 1922 American silent drama movie directed by George Melford and stars Dorothy Dalton, Milton Sills, E. J. Ratcliffe, Wanda Hawley, Frederick Vroom, Mayme Kelso, Mabel Van Buren, John Davidson. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Huirem Seema = = = +Huirem Seema ("full name:" Huirem Ningol Laimayum Ongbi Seema; 8 November 1970 - 17 September 2011) was an Indian actress from Imphal, Manipur. She had appeared in more than 100 movies in Meitei language (Manipuri language). Besides, she had also produced four movies. She was best remembered for her roles in movies like "Kanaga Hinghouni", "Chang Shi Chang", "Lakhipurgi Lakhipyari", "Naoshum", "Yumleima Lamleima" and "Thasi Thanou". Two of her movies "Yenning Amadi Likla" (feature) and "Ngaihak Lambida" (non-feature) made entries into the Indian Panorama of the International Film Festival of India. +Many of her movies including "Tolenkhomba (Lakhpati)", "Amamba Sayon", "Naoba Naobi" and "Langon" were released after her death. +Early life and career. +Seema started her movie career at a young age of five years. Her father was a popular theatre artiste. She also acted in a few plays of the top leading theatre group, "Rupmahal Theatre" and teleplays for "Doordarshan" Television. It was before she shaped her career in movies. Her appearance in movies started since the times of celluloid era of Meitei cinema (Manipuri cinema). She acted in 15 celluloid movies and around 100 digital movies. Her first movie was "31st December". It was directed by L. Surjakanta. Her notable celluloid movies include "Nongju Ahing", "Aroiba Bidai" and "Kanaga Hinghouni". Her appearance in video format movies include "Mantri Dolansana" and "One Way". In digital movies, "Seema" generally played as supporting roles. But her acting talents and versatility could be seen clearly in digital movies where she took leading roles. "Yumleima Lamleima", "Sanahanbi" and "Thasi Thanou" were such examples of the movies. +Besides acting, she had produced four films under the banner of Seema Productions (SF). The movies were "Asha", "Kalpana", "Thamoinungda" and "Yumleima Lamleima". She co-directed "Yumleima Lamleima" with Homen D' Wai. She was recognized as an approved artiste in the "All India Radio, Imphal". + += = = Lovelace Watkins = = = +Lovelace Watkins (March 6, 1938 – June 11, 1995) was a Las Vegas-based singer and performer. He was famous in America as well as in Europe and Australia. +In apartheid South Africa, Watkins did better than Sidney Poitier who had to stay on a farm out of town due to lack of accommodation for black people. Watkins was the guest of honor at a woman banquet. He was pictured in "The Sunday Express" dancing with a white woman, which wasn't good for the hotel where it was taken as it nearly lost it's license. + += = = Looped (TV series) = = = +Looped is a Canadian animated television series created by Todd Kauffman and Mark It first premiered in United Kingdom on March 5, 2010. It also premiered on January 1, 2010 in Latin America on Cartoon Network and in the Underdogs United Kingdom Force on CITV. + += = = Royal Barge procession = = = +Thailand's Royal Barge Procession (; RTGS: "krabuan phayuhayattra chonlamak") is a ceremony in Thailand. The ceremony is related to religion, and it is related to the monarchy. The ceremony has been known for about 700 years. +During 70 years as king, King Bhumibol Adulyadej, ruled over the procession 16 times. +These ceremonies now use 52 barges. The newest barge, the Royal Barge, the Narai Song Suban, was built in 1994; It is the only barge built during King Bhumibol's reign; 51 older barges are also part of the procession. These barges are manned by 2,082 oarsmen. The procession travels down the Chao Phraya River, from the Wasukri Royal Landing Place in Khet Dusit, Bangkok. It passes the Temple of the Emerald Buddha, the Grand Palace, Wat Po and it arrives in the end, at Wat Arun, 'Temple of the Dawn'). +Barges (in the procession) that have less importance than the Royal barge: +The Tangmo ('watermelon') and the E. Leeung barges sail in front of the royal barges. They have the shape like the Police and Saeng barges, but are smaller and sit lower in the water. The oarsmen dress like the rowers on the Saengs. + += = = Howard Devoto = = = +Howard Devoto (born Howard Andrew Trafford, 15 March 1952) is an English singer and songwriter. He was the lead singer for the punk rock band Buzzcocks. He left and formed Magazine, one of the first post-punk bands. After Magazine, he went solo and later formed indie band Luxuria. + += = = Ryan Campbell = = = +Ryan John Campbell (born 7 February 1972) is an Australian former cricketer. He played as a wicket-keeper. He represented both Australia and Hong Kong internationally. He is the current head coach of the Dutch national team since 2017. +Campbell was born in Osborne Park, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia. He represented his home state from 1995–96 to 2005–06. +On 16 April 2022, Campbell was placed in an induced coma going into cardiac arrest. + += = = Scinax granulatus = = = +The ranita roncadora ("Scinax granulatus") is a frog that lives in Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil. + += = = Ospedale degli Incurabili = = = +The Ospedale degli Incurabili is a hospital building in Venice. It was built in the sixteenth century. Now it is used by the Accademia di Belle Arti di Venezia. +History. +The hospital was built by Gaetano da Thiene. At first it was a hospital for sick people who can not be cured. Later, it became an orphanage. A church was built on the hospital's courtyard in 1565. The church was closed in 1831. It was later destroyed. +Music. +The Incurabili was known for its musicians. The girls of the Incurabili were taught music. Their performances are known internationally. Charles Burney, Goethe, Johann Joachim Quantz and Jean-Jacques Rousseau wrote about the concerts in the Incurabili. Johann Adolf Hasse was the "maestro di capella" of the Incurabili. He wrote church music for the Incurabili. + += = = Matthias Church = = = +The Church of the Assumption of the Buda Castle (), commonly known as the Matthias Church (), is a Roman Catholic church in the Holy Trinity Square, Budapest, Hungary. +History. +The original church dates back to the 11th century during the time of King Stephen I, who is a Roman Catholic. +In the early 13th century, Hungary had been invaded by the Mongols, the original church was destroyed in 1241. King Béla IV replaced the church with a Romanesque basilica. + += = = Markian Popov = = = +Markian Popov was a soviet Military Commander. He was given the Hero of the Soviet Union in 1960. He was born in 1902. + += = = 2014–15 FC Augsburg season = = = +The 2014–15 FC Augsburg season was the 108th season in the football club's history and fourth consecutive season in the top flight of German football, the Bundesliga. It was the sixth season for FC Augsburg in the SGL arena. +Having finished fifth in Bundesliga, FC Augsburg also qualified for the UEFA Europa League for the first time in the club's history. They will enter at the group stage. +First team squad. +"As of 1 September 2014" + += = = 2015–16 FC Augsburg season = = = +The 2015–16 FC Augsburg season was the club's fifth consecutive season in the Bundesliga and their 47th season overall. +Player information. +Squad and player statistics. +As of 7 July 2015 + += = = Turcophone Iran = = = +The term Turcophone Iran or Turks of Iran typically applies to Iranian Azerbaijan, Fars Province ( nomads) and northern . The Azerbaijanis, who inhabit the Âzerbâyjân provinces, form the vast majority of these Turkish-speaking Iranians: between 20 and 25% of the total population. Because of their large numbers in big cities, like Tabriz and especially in Tehran and its surrounding region, these languages are dominant in only 12% of the rural cantons (). Turkish-speaking areas are often very homogeneous (more than 90% of Turkish-speaking villages in the same dehestân) in Âzerbâyjân and in the . Because of the great dispersion of Turkish villages in the Zagros mountains, Fars region and northern Khorasan since the mid-nineteenth century, the Turkish-speaking population gradually mixed with and Persian-speakers, especially in Tehran and suburban cities such as Karaj, and . The Turkish-speaking population in Iran is the result of a long history that began in the eleventh century with the invasion of Iran by the and lasted to the long ruling Turkic-speaking tribes such as the Safavids (1501-1736) who founded modern Iran in the sixteenth century and the (1786-1923). +Among the Turkish-speaking population of Iran, Azerbaijanis are the least proficient in Persian. The Turkish composition of Tehran is estimated from about one-third to over half of the citie's population. This ratio, of around 6-7 million people, places Tehran in the first place among the densest Turkish habitation in Iran. Azerbaijanis alone comprised at least one-third of Iran's population in 1850. It is likely that this proportion has continued to increase as Iranian Azerbaijanis exhibit greater fertility in rural areas. +List of Turkish-speaking tribes in Iran. +Turkish nomads in Iran (Qashqai). +The Qashqai is one of the largest and most famous tribal confederacies in Iran, composed of settled, semi-settled, and pastoral nomadic communities. In the 1982 census, around 200,000 members of the Qashqai were recorded. According to other sources, the Qashqai consisted of 30,000 families in 1980, which corresponded to about 400,000 people. The international linguistic compendium of the "" estimated their number at 1.5 million in 1997. According to the 2015 census, the total number of the Qashqai ethnic group was given between 1.6 and 2.5 million. + += = = Who Will Be Ningthou? = = = +"Who Will Be Ningthou?" () is a fictional moral story of a Meitei King (), his Queen (), three princes and a princess of Kangleipak (Manipur). It is the story of the decision of the Ningthou and the Leima regarding the succession of the throne of the kingdom among his four children. The story is written by "Indira Mukherjee". +Synopsis. +The Ningthou and the Leima of Kangleipak were good rulers. They just wished for the prosperity and the happiness of their kingdom. Similarly, the people of the kingdom also loved their royalties very much. Even the birds, animals and all living beings loved them very much. The Ningthou and the Leima had four children. Among the royal children, three were the princes and one was a princess. The princess was kind with a pure heart. Her name was "Sanatombi". She was loved by everyone. The Ningthou wanted to choose a successor for the kingdom. Everyone thought that the successor would be one of the princes. However, the Ningthou chose his daughter as the heir because she was ever so kind. The Ningthou decided to test all his three sons to select the right successor. He tested if they had the qualities of a good ruler. However, he was disappointed. It was because all his sons were not worthy enough to be the ruler. The Ningthou crowned his daughter, princess "Sanatombi", as the future successor of the kingdom. Sanatombi was only twelve years old during her crowning. She was chosen by her father because she was a very kind person with all the qualities of a true leader. She was merciful and could understand the conditions of the people of her kingdom. She equally cared about animals, birds, and even the trees. So, everyone were quite happy with their future queen of Kangleipak. +Moral applications. +The story carries a message about what qualities make a good ruler and how everyone must be pitiful to everyone to make the world a good place to live together. + += = = Cloud gaming = = = +Cloud gaming, is a type of online gaming that runs video games on servers and streams them to the user using the cloud. Most cloud gaming services require a good internet connection and a controller to play but does not require expensive gaming computers. + += = = Google Stadia = = = +Stadia is a cloud gaming service made by Google. Users are able to stream video games at up to 4K resolution at 60 frames per second. + += = = Hermann Nitsch = = = +Hermann Nitsch (29 August 1938 – 18 April 2022) was an Austrian avant-garde artist. He worked in experimental and multimedia art works. He was a main representative of the Viennese Actionism. +Nitsch died on 18 April 2022 in Mistelbach, Austria at the age of 83. + += = = Pedro Pinto Rubianes = = = +Pedro Alfredo Pinto Rubianes (31 January 1931 – 18 April 2022) was an Ecuadorian politician. He was Vice President of Ecuador from 27 January 2000 to 15 January 2003, during the presidency of Gustavo Noboa. He was a member of the National Congress from 1998 until 2000. Pinto Rubianes was Minister of Finance in the government of Osvaldo Hurtado from 1982 to 1984. He was born in Quito, Ecuador. +Pinto Rubianes died on 18 April 2022 at his home in Quito, aged 91. + += = = Kamen Rider Saber = = = +Kamen Rider Saber is a Japanese tokusatsu drama "Kamen Rider" Franchise. +Schedule. +Super Hero Time joined "Mashin Sentai Kiramager" and later, "Kikai Sentai Zenkaiger". + += = = Sandra Pisani = = = +Sandra Pisani OAM (23 January 1959 – 19 April 2022) was an Australian field hockey player. He played 85 international games for Australia and was the captain from 1985 to 1987. She competed in the 1984 Summer Olympics and was part of the team that won Australia's first Olympic gold medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics. +Pisani died from cancer in Adelaide, South Australia on 19 April 2022 at the age of 63. + += = = Brad Ashford = = = +John Bradley Ashford (November 10, 1949 – April 19, 2022) was an American politician and lawyer. He was a member of the Nebraska Legislature from 1987 until 1995 and again from 2007 until 2015. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Nebraska's 2nd congressional district from 2015 until 2017. +Ashford was born in Omaha, Nebraska. He studied at Colgate University and at Creighton University. He was married to Ann Ferlic and had three children. +Ashford was a Democrat from 1982 until 1988 and again from 2013 until his death in 2022. He was also a Republican from 1971 until 1982 and again from 1989 until 2011. He was also an Independent from 2011 to 2013. +Ashford lost his re-election in 2016 to Republican Don Bacon. He ran again in 2018, but lost the Democratic nomination. +In May 2019, Ashford was hospitalized with pulmonary edema caused by blood clots. In February 2022, Ashford announced he had been diagnosed with brain cancer. He died on April 19, 2022 at the age of 72. + += = = Kathryn Kimball Mizelle = = = +Kathryn Kimball Mizelle (born 1987) is an American politician and lawyer. She is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida since 2020. At age 33, she was the youngest person chosen by President Donald Trump for a lifetime judge term. + += = = Marc Bolan = = = +Marc Bolan ( ; born Mark Feld; 30 September 1947 – 16 September 1977) was an English rock singer-songwriter and musician. He was the originator of glam rock. He was known for being part of the band T. Rex. Bolan was born in London. His career began in 1967 +Bolan's March 1971 appearance on the BBC's music show "Top of the Pops", wearing glitter under his eyes while performing "Hot Love", is seen as the beginning of the glam rock movement. From 1973, he started mixing rock music with funk, soul, gospel, disco, and R&B. +Bolan never learned to drive because he was scared of dying young. He died in a car crash two weeks before his 30th birthday on 16 September 1977 near London. +Bolan was posthumously honored into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2020. + += = = Area code 901 = = = +Area code 901 is an area code of Tennessee. It was created as one of the original area codes in 1947. It used to cover the entire state, but after being split by 615 in 1954 and 731 in 2001, it now covers the southern leftmost portion of the state. It covers Memphis and its surrounding suburbs. + += = = Area code 902 = = = +Area code 902 is an area code for Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. It was one of the original area codes created in 1947. It covers the entire province. It was overlaid by 782 in 2014. + += = = Buda Castle = = = +Buda Castle (, ) is the historical castle and palace in Budapest, it is a World Heritage Site. + += = = Bazita Peak TV Tower = = = +Bazita Peak TV Tower is a broadcasting tower in Zalaegerszeg, Hungary. The TV tower has a antenna on the top and an observation level up the structure. The Alps can be seen from the observation deck. It was built in 1975. + += = = Option (finance) = = = +An option in finance is a contract allowing a buyer the right to exercise, to receive the underlying asset at a specified time, and price. The seller, or counterparty, is responsible for delivering the asset, if the contract were to be exercised. The premiums are owed to the seller of the option, and the seller receives the full premium if the option expires worthless. Contracts are priced using the , which prices the standard deviation (implied volatility) of prices, time decay, and in some cases, dividends into the premium. Contracts that are like options have been used since ancient times. + += = = Hungarian Parliament Building = = = +The Hungarian Parliament Building ( ) is the seat of the National Assembly of Hungary, it is a popular landmark of Hungary and a tourist destination in Budapest. + += = = Elisp = = = +ELisp is the programming language developed exclusively for Emacs by Richard Stallman. Elisp was developed exclusively for use with Emacs and is a version of the language Lisp. Lisp is an acronym that stands for "LISt processing". + += = = Ghostforce = = = +Ghostforce (also referred to as Ghost Force because of its name originally meaning to have a space between Ghost and Force) is a French-Korean CGI animated series. It is a co-production between Zag Animation, Method Animation, Disney Channel EMEA, Toei Animation, SAMG Animation, and PGS Entertainment. It premiered around the world starting in August of 2021. The show is licensed by Disney in the United States where it aired the first season on Disney XD, then on Disney Channel a month later. +The series consists of one season with 56 episodes, comprising 52 11-minute episodes and 4 44-minute episodes, along with a live-action film. +Plot. +Three secondary school students secretly fight the ghosts that haunt their city. + += = = Kennda Lynch = = = +Kennda Lian Lynch is an American astrobiologist, a person who studies life on other planets. She studies extremophiles. She works with with NASA. +Works. +She identifies places on Earth that might be like places on other planets. She looks at life in those places on Earth and predicts what life would look like on other planets. Lynch also looks at fossils and other signs of past life. She hopes to help us identify what the same signs of life might look like on other planets. Much of Lynch's research has been in the Pilot Valley Basin in the Great Salt Desert of northwestern Utah, U.S. In ancient times that area had a lake. Mars has a similar ancient lake called Jezero Crater. Because of Lynch's research in the Pilot Valley Basin, NASA decided to land the Perseverance Rover mission at Jezero Crater. Jim Greene, Chief Scientist at NASA, called Lynch "a perfect expert to be involved in the Perseverance rover." She is also helping to select a landing site for NASA's first manned mission to Mars in 2035. Lynch has appeared in two television series. She also appeared in "The New York Times", "Nature", "Scientific American", and "Popular Science". Science magazine "Cell Press" called Lynch one of the most inspiring Black scientists in the United States. + += = = Umma (2022 movie) = = = +Umma (which means "Mum" in the Korean language) is a 2022 American supernatural horror movie. It is written and directed by Iris K. Shim and it stars Sandra Oh, Fivel Stewart, MeeWha Alana Lee, Tom Yi, Odeya Rush, and Dermot Mulroney. Sam Raimi serves as a producer on the film. The film follows Amanda (Oh), a single mother who lives with her daughter in a isolated farm being haunted by her mother's ghost. +"Umma" was released in the United States on March 18, 2022 by Sony Pictures Releasing. The movie had mixed-to-negative reviews from critics, who liked Oh's performance and the movie's themes, but criticized its as cliché, its screenplay, many jump scares and no tension. +Plot. +Korean immigrant Amanda and her homeschooled daughter Chrissy “Chris” live on a rural farm, raising bees, selling honey, raising chickens, and living without modern technology as Amanda has an “allergic reaction” to electronics and electricity. She's upset to learn that Chrissy wants to leave the farm in order to pursue college, as Amanda had wanted her to remain on the farm. When Amanda receives the cremated ashes of her recently deceased estranged mother, who she called Umma, in a suitcase from her uncle visiting her from Korea, she is confronted with memories of her abusive childhood. +Umma had been left to raise Amanda alone in the United States, unable to speak English and surrounded by those who did not understand or practice her culture. It is revealed that Amanda fabricated her “allergy” to electronics after being electrically shocked multiple times by Umma as punishment. When Amanda cut ties with her mother she also cut ties with her Korean heritage as a whole, including giving up her family name. As her uncle left, he shamed Amanda for abandoning her own mother and heritage, and for not teaching Chrissy Korean language and culture. +Soon after the ashes arrive a vicious spirit appears, intent on claiming Amanda's body for itself. As the supernatural phenomena following the delivery of her mother’s ashes progress, from visions of tormented Korean spirits (including Umma’s spirit) to an encounter with a kumiho that was eating her chickens, Amanda suddenly becomes more paranoid and fearful that she’s slowly becoming her own mother. This fear becomes realized when Umma successfully possesses her daughter when Amanda tries to bury the ashes. +Chrissy finds her mother performing the Jesa and wearing a mask and hanbok. She's attacked by Amanda, but manages to avoid being killed after pleading for her life. Amanda decides to confront her mother. She forgives her for the abuse. Amanda acknowledges that it was unfair that Umma had been expected to raise a child all alone in a country far from home and in her circumstances, but that it was not an excuse for the abuse. This compassion and understanding allows Umma to finally move on and be at peace, as she had also come to understand that what she did to Amanda was unfair. The film ends with Amanda rediscovering her family heritage and sharing it with her daughter, as well as coming to terms with Chrissy’s need to live her own life. + += = = Valence and conduction bands = = = +The valence band and conduction band are a concept in physics. They do not mean anything when working with metal. In other solids, they are the last places before the fermi level. + += = = Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs = = = +The Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security Affairs is a person who works in the United States government. They help the President make decisions about weapons, nuclear bombs, and how to keep people safe from these things. + += = = Dasvi = = = +Dasvi () is a 2022 Indian Hindi-language social comedy film written by Ritesh Shah and directed by Tushar Jalota. The film is produced by Dinesh Vijan under his banner Maddock Films in collaboration with Jio Studios and Bake My Cake Films. The film stars Abhishek Bachchan, Yami Gautam and Nimrat Kaur. +Bachchan plays the role of an uneducated politician, with Gautam as an IPS officer. The film premiered on Netflix and JioCinema on April 7, 2022. The script and dialogue of the film is doctored by famous poet Dr Kumar Vishwas. The movie received mixed reviews from critics and positive response from the audiences. +Plot. +Ganga Ram Chaudhary, the charismatic and arrogant Chief Minister of the fictional state of Harit Pradesh, is implicated in a scam and remanded to judicial custody. He appoints his wife Bimla Devi "Bimmo" Chaudhary interim CM until he can post bail. Initially meek and subservient, Bimmo quickly learns the ropes and establishes herself as a powerful politician, undergoing an image makeover in the process. Meanwhile, Chaudhary's popularity and street-smarts gain him a following in jail and he receives preferential treatment. When Jyoti Deswal, a new superintendent, arrives at the jail, Chaudhary's life takes a turn for the worse. Incorruptible and no-nonsense, Jyoti revokes Chaudhary's privileges and treats him like any other prisoner. Chaudhary's attempts to bribe a judge fail, and his immediate bail request is denied. +Following a confrontation, Jyoti embarrasses Chaudhary by evoking his lack of education - he dropped out in 8th grade - and puts him to work in the prison workshop making chairs as he is unqualified for any other work. Spurred by this and by the fact that prisoners attempting to gain a 10th-grade diploma are exempt from work, Chaudhary resolves to study and clear the 10th-grade exams to gain his high-school diploma. Jyoti believes this is a scam, but her hands are tied as Indian Law grants Chaudhary the right to complete his education. Chaudhary struggles to stay engaged in his studies, frequently falling asleep, until he is inspired by a history textbook detailing India's struggle for independence; he begins to take his studies much more seriously. He declares that if he cannot clear his exams, he will never accept the post of Chief Minister again. +Meanwhile, Bimmo grows ambitious and plots to make her interim post permanent, suggesting to Chaudhary that he feign mental illness to gain asylum in a lavish hospital. Jyoti foils this by exposing Chaudhary's lies, saving his career in the process (as people proved to be mentally unfit are disqualified from contesting elections). When Chaudhary suffers a minor heart attack, Jyoti saves him by performing CPR, drawing Bimmo's ire. Chaudhary progresses in his studies with help from inmates he has befriended, but struggles in Hindi as he is practically illiterate and cannot visualize the alphabet. Bimmo exacerbates this problem by arranging the release of the prisoner who is helping him with Hindi. Jyoti, beginning to see the change in character that the focus on education has brought on in Chaudhary, agrees to help him. As they make progress, they develop mutual respect. +Chaudhary's bail application is processed and he is cleared for release, but Jyoti hides this from him so he can focus on his studies. Chaudhary appears for his exams but is uncertain of how he has performed. When he is released, he finds out about Jyoti's deceit. Irate, he threatens her and warns her that he'll never change; Jyoti is disappointed by his intransigence. When Chaudhary returns to the political arena, he discovers that Bimmo has usurped the CM chair and he has no support in his own party. He aligns with a rival party and contests the upcoming election making education his primary agenda. The election results and exam results are due on the same day. While votes are being counted, Chaudhary rushes back to jail to discover that he has passed the exams. As a token of gratitude, he gifts Jyoti a chair that he'd made in the workshop as her Gurudakshina (traditionally a gift given by a student to a teacher). His new party wins the election and Chaudhary reconciles with Bimmo. He refuses the Chief Minister post and chooses to become the Minister of Education instead. During his oath ceremony, he makes it a point to convey his gratitude to Jyoti and the other inmates who helped him clear the exams. + += = = Villers-sous-Montrond = = = +Villers-sous-Montrond was a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. On 1 January 2022, it became part of a new commune, Les Monts-Ronds. + += = = Ann Veneman = = = +Ann Margaret Veneman (born June 29, 1949) is an American politician and lawyer. She was the executive director of UNICEF from 2005 to 2010. Veneman was the United States Secretary of Agriculture from January 20, 2001 to January 20, 2005 during the George W. Bush administration. She also was California's Secretary of Food and Agriculture from 1995 to 1999. + += = = Our Lady of Vendôme = = = +Our Lady of Vendôme () is a title of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the city of Porto, Portugal, where she is the patron saint. + += = = Dan Glickman = = = +Daniel Robert Glickman (born November 24, 1944) is an American politician, lawyer, lobbyist, and nonprofit leader. He was the United States Secretary of Agriculture from 1995 until 2001. He represented as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives from 1977 until 1995. +He was Chairman and CEO of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) from 2004 to 2010. + += = = Frank Lucas (Oklahoma politician) = = = +Frank Dean Lucas (born January 6, 1960) is an American politician. He is the U.S. representative for since 2003. He represented the 6th district before from 1994 to 2003. He is a member of the Republican Party. +In April 2014, Lucas introduced the Customer Protection and End User Relief Act (H.R. 4413; 113th Congress) into the House. + += = = Marian apparition = = = +A Marian apparition is a supernatural event where somebody says they have seen Mary, the mother of Jesus. If a person claims they have heard Mary or have dreamt of Mary, this is not enough; the person needs to claim that they have seen Mary in their environment. + += = = Glenn English = = = +Glenn Lee English Jr. (born November 30, 1940) is an American Democratic politician. He represented Oklahoma's 6th congressional district from 1975 until 1994. + += = = Charlie Dent = = = +Charles Wieder Dent (born May 24, 1960) is an American politician. He was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives for from 2005 to 2018. From 1991 to 2004, he was in the Pennsylvania General Assembly. +Dent was on the House Committee on Appropriations. He had chaired the House Ethics Committee before. +In September 2017, Dent announced that he would retire from Congress and not run for re-election to another term in 2018. In April 2018, Dent announced that he would retire in May 2018, not finishing out the rest of his term. He resigned on May 12, 2018, leaving the seat empty until Susan Wild won the special election to replace him. +In August 2020, Dent announced his support for Joe Biden, the Democratic nominee for the 2020 presidential election. + += = = Mariology = = = +Mariology is the theological study of Mary, the mother of Jesus. The goal is to relate doctrine or dogma about Mary to other doctrines of the faith, such as redemption, intercession and grace. + += = = Mosharraf Hossain (cricketer) = = = +Khondaker Mosharraf Hossain (20 November 1981 – 19 April 2022), nicknamed Rubel, was a Bangladeshi cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman and slow left arm orthodox bowler. He had played five One Day International (ODI) matches for Bangladesh. Hossain was born in Kishoreganj, Dhaka, Bangladesh. +In March 2019, Mosharraf was diagnosed with brain cancer. On 15 March 2022, he was hospitalized in Dhaka. A month later on 19 April, he died from the cancer, aged 40. + += = = Organ failure = = = +Organ failure is a condition of the human body in which an important internal organ is unable to perform its necessities as it would if it were still functioning. For example, kidney failure is when the kidneys are unable to filter the body's urine. +Organ failure is often the result of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), where the organ begins to fall ill. +Causes. +Failure of a vital organ is not defined to a single cause. Rather, it can be the result of many diseases, such as the aforementioned multiple +organ dysfunction system, but it can also be the result of sepsis, an extreme response to an infection which causes inflammatory chemicals to be released into the bloodstream. + += = = The Case of Becky = = = +The Case of Becky is a 1921 American silent drama movie directed by Chester Franklin and was based on the 1912 play of the same name by David Belasco and Edward J. Locke. It stars Constance Binney, Glenn Hunter, Montagu Love, Margaret Seddon, Jane Jennings and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Antoine Forqueray = = = +Antoine Forqueray (September 1672 – 28 June 1745) was a French composer and viola da gamba player. +Life. +Forqueray was born in Paris. At the age of ten, he played a "bass de violon" for King Louis XIV. King Louis was impressed by Forqueray's skills. He asked somebody to teach Forqueray the bass viol. +Forqueray worked for the French court. He played for the king and visitors to the French court. In 1689 he became "musicien ordinaire" of the "chambre du roi". He was the music teacher of the Duke of Orléans. +He married Henriette-Angélique Houssu in 1697. Their marriage was not happy. His wife left Forqueray five times. They separated in 1710. +Music. +Forqueray was mainly a composer for the viol. He wrote over 300 pieces of music. However, only a few survive today. His music was virtuosic and contain unusual harmonies. +His son, Jean-Baptiste Forqueray made arrangements of his works. + += = = Juan de Fuca = = = +Ioannis Phokas, better known by his Spanish name Juan de Fuca, was a Greek maritime pilot for the Spanish Empire. +Voyages to the north. +According to de Fuca himself, he went on two voyages after being told to do so by the leader of New Spain, Luis de Velasco. Both voyages were meant to find the supposed Strait of Anián, which was believed to be a Northwest Passage. The first voyage saw 200 soldiers and three small ships under the overall command of a Spanish captain (with de Fuca as pilot and captain) told the crew to find the Strait of Anián and to fortify and protect it in case the English wanted to take it. +The first expedition failed. Allegedly due to the captain's wrongdoing, the soldiers rose up against him and returned home to California. +In 1592, on his second voyage, de Fuca was far more successful than his previous voyage. He returned to Acapulco and claimed to have found the strait, with a large island at its opening. However, despite the promises of Velasco, de Fuca never got any of the rewards that he was supposed to get for his service. +Legacy. +When the English captain Charles William Barkley discovered the strait de Fuca had written about, he renamed it the "Strait of Juan de Fuca". +His discoveries in the Western Hemisphere led to the Juan de Fuca tectonic plate being named after him. +Juan de Fuca Provincial Park on Vancouver Island's West Coast is named for the strait, as is the hiking trail of the same name. + += = = Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church = = = +The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (,), or simply Ethiopian Orthodox Church is the largest Oriental Orthodox Church. +It was part of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria from 4th century until 1959. +The Church accepts the doctrine of Miaphysitism, which believes in the one person of Jesus Christ, divinity and humanity are united in one. +The Church has 500 bishops in the patriarchates of Alexandria, Antioch and Jerusalem. + += = = Albert Pierrepoint = = = +Albert Pierrepoint (30 March 1905 - 10 July 1992) was a British executioner, responsible for the executions of over 400 people. He was known as a famous hangman, in addition, he owned a bar. One of his executions involved an acquaintance who visited his bar often; James Corbitt (20 October 1913 - 28 November 1950) nicknamed Tish by Pierrepoint. +Pierrepoint said this about Corbitt's final moments. At twenty seconds to nine the next morning, he went into the death cell. He seemed under a great strain, but he did not see stark fear in his eyes, only a more childlike worry. He was anxious to be remembered and to be accepted. "Hello, Tish," he said, not confidently. "How are you?" he was not effusive, just gave the casual warmth of his nightly greeting from behind the bar. +Birth. +Albert was born in 1905 in Clayton, which was a civil parish of Bradford, his father Henry Pierrepoint was removed from the list of Executioners in 1910 after an argument with his assistant John Ellis, Thomas was reported to have said about John Ellis that "it was impossible to work with him". + += = = Henry Pierrepoint = = = +Henry Pierrepoint (30 November 1877 - 14 December 1922) was a British executioner, from 1901 until 1910 when he was struck off the list for arguing with his assistant, his brother Thomas Pierrepoint and Henry's son Albert Pierrepoint would later become Executioners. + += = = Noisestorm = = = +Eoin O'Broin (born 1 October 1995) is an Irish DJ known for creating the song Crab Rave. + += = = Scinax fuscovarius = = = +Miranda's snouted tree frog, fuscous-blotched tree frog, snouted tree frog, or San Luis snouted tree frog ("Scinax fuscovarius") is a frog that lives in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. Scientists have seen it between and 150 and 1800 meters above sea level. + += = = Voujeaucourt = = = +Voujeaucourt () is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. + += = = Michael Chobanian = = = +Michael Chobanian (Ukrainian: ������� �������, born 23 November 1983) is a Ukrainian businessman and public figure in IT, finance, cryptocurrency, and blockchain. Founder of the first cryptocurrency exchange in Ukraine, KUNA.io and ideologist of the cryptocurrency community of Ukraine. President of the Blockchain of Ukraine Association. +Education. +Michael studied in City, University of London. In 2010-2012 he received a Master's degree in Business Administration (EMBA) from the London Business School, the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Columbia University. +Career. +2010s. +In 2014, he founded the first bitcoin agency in Eastern Europe and Ukraine – Kuna Bitcoin Agency. +In 2015, he founded the first public Ukrainian cryptocurrency exchange KUNA.io. +In September 2014, he opened the first Bitcoin Embassy in the CIS. +In 2018, at the World Economic Forum in Davos, he presented the concept of Blockchain HUB being developed in Kyiv. +2020s. +Since the start of Russia's full-scale war against Ukraine, Mikhail Chobanyan has launched a Crypto Fund for Ukraine to help the Armed Forces which has raised over $100 million of donations. At the request of the Ministry of Digital Transformation, Chobanyan helped the Government of Ukraine to create and manage state cryptocurrency wallets for donations in Kuna Exchange. +In March 2022, Michael Chobanyan spoke at a hearing of the US Senate Committee on how cryptocurrencies help Ukraine during the war with Russia and why Russian oligarchs will not be able to circumvent sanctions with their help. + += = = Sugar Daddy (candy) = = = +Sugar Daddy is a candy bar on a stick made by Tootsie Roll Industries. It is a block of somewhat hard caramel. A jelly bean version named Sugar Babies is also sold. +Nabisco (now Mondelēz International) bought the James O. Welch Company in 1963. The Welch brands were bought in 1988 by Warner-Lambert, which Tootsie Roll Industries bought in 1993. +There are Junior Pop (53 kcal) and Large Pop (200 kcal) sizes. Half-pound (964 kcal) and one-pound (1928 kcal) sizes are also available every Valentine's Day and Christmas. + += = = Chinese University of Hong Kong = = = +The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) is a state owned university in Shatin, Hong Kong, established in 1963. +It is one of the oldest universities in Hong Kong, the second oldest after the University of Hong Kong. The motto of the university is "����", which in Chinese means "to expand the intellectual horizon and keep within the bounds of decency." Teaching at the university is carried out in Chinese and English. According to the QS ranking of the best universities in the world, in 2016 the University ranks 44th in the world and 3rd in Hong Kong. + += = = London Business School = = = +London Business School also known as LBS is a higher education institution in London. +It is a business school of the University of London, established in 1964. Starting from the 2010 graduation, it issues its own diploma, until this period a diploma from the University of London was issued. The school offers a full program of study in the MBA (Master of Business Administration) program, as well as doctoral and many other programs for further education and education, including: the world's first Masters in Finance program (since 1993, and in 2011 the MiF program was recognized Financial Times No. 1 in the world), Masters in Management, Executive MBA, Sloan, etc. +The school is in first place in the list of world business schools, published in the global list of the Financial Times (Financial Times Global MBA Rankings 2010). + += = = Mátyás Rákosi = = = +Mátyás Rákosi (; born Mátyás Rosenfeld; 9 March 1892 – 5 February 1971) was a Hungarian communist politician who was the "de facto" leader of Hungary from 1947 to 1956. +During his rule in Hungary, there was a political transition from the regime of people's democracy to a socialist state, as well as the accelerated Sovietization of Hungary, accompanied by political repression. Three years after Stalin's death, some time after the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, which adopted the historic resolution "On the cult of personality and its consequences", he was dismissed. + += = = Waxhaw lands = = = +The Waxhaw lands are a region on both sides of the border between what now is North Carolina and South Carolina, United States. It encompasses the areas currently known as Lancaster, Union and Mecklenburg counties. The name comes from that of the Indigenous people who first inhabited the landbase, the Waxhaw people. +History. +The region was named for its first inhabitants, the Waxhaw people. The Waxhaw tribe had been almost annihilated by Eurasian infectious diseases following their first European contacts. Those who remained were killed or dispersed during the Yamasee War of 1715. +Around the year 1740, Irish, Scots-Irish, and German immigrants began to move into The Waxhaws region and to establish farms. What is now the Old Waxhaw Presbyterian Church was built in 1752. +During the American Revolution, under the command of militia Colonel William Davie the settlers in The Waxhaws fiercely resisted the British. In 1781, the British forces of General Cornwallis briefly occupied the town of Charlotte, already the largest town in the region, but his garrison was soon driven out by the local militia. Cornwallis later wrote that Charlotte was "a hornet's nest of rebellion", and Charlotte still is nicknamed, "The Hornet's Nest". +The seventh president of the United States, Andrew Jackson, was born and raised in The Waxhaws region. At the time of his birth, a border between the Carolinas did not exist. The exact site of his birth is uncertain. Later in life, perhaps for political reasons, Jackson claimed he was born on the South Carolina side of the new border, however, a midwife reportedly birthed Jackson in a cabin north of the border. + += = = Ada, Serbia = = = +Ada (; ) is a town and municipality located in the North Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It is near the river Tisa. The town has a population of 9,564 and 75.04% of the people there are ethnic Hungarians. + += = = Xai-Xai = = = +Xai-Xai () is a city in the south of Mozambique. The city was named João Belo until 1975. It is the capital of Gaza Province. In 2007 it has a population of 116,343. + += = = 2016–17 FC Augsburg season = = = +The 2016–17 FC Augsburg season was the 110th season in the club's history and 6th consecutive and overall season in the Bundesliga. This was the 8th season in which Augsburg played at the WWK Arena, located in Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany. The season covers a period from 1 July 2016 to 30 June 2017. +Statistics. +Appearances and goals. +! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Goalkeepers +! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Defenders +! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Midfielders +! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Forwards +! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Players transferred out during the season + += = = Pairs trade = = = +A pairs trade is a type of stock market trade. It is a spread trade where one asset is shorted and another asset is bought. If the spread between the two assets changes, the trade is profitable or at a loss. This depends on the direction of the change. + += = = Vilnius University = = = +Vilnius University () is a public research university in Lithuania. It is the oldest university in the Baltic states. It is one of the oldest and most famous universities in Northern Europe. It is ranked in the top 400 universities worldwide (QS). + += = = Heroes' Square (Budapest) = = = +Hősök tere (), lit. Heroes' Square, is one of the major squares in Budapest, Hungary, it is popular for its statues of the Seven chieftains of the Magyars and other important Hungarian leaders. The square is also popular for the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. + += = = Cheetham Hill = = = +Cheetham Hill is a part of Manchester. In 2011, it had a population of 22,562. + += = = Districts of Prague = = = +Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic has a local-government structure. Prague is divided into 10 municipal districts (1-10), 22 administrative districts (1-22), 57 municipal parts, or 112 cadastral areas. + += = = Prague 1 = = = +Prague 1 () is a second-tier municipality in Prague. + += = = Prague 2 = = = +Prague 2 () is a second-tier municipality in Prague. + += = = Prague 3 = = = +Prague 3 () is a second-tier municipality in Prague. + += = = Bird women = = = +Bird women are the legendary hybrid creatures with parts of human females and birds. They appear in various stories of many mythological as well as folk tales across different cultures of the world. +Some of the prominent examples include: + += = = Prague 4 = = = +Prague 4 () is a second-tier municipality in Prague. + += = = Prague 5 = = = +Prague 5 () is a second-tier municipality in Prague. + += = = Prague 6 = = = +Prague 6 () is a second-tier municipality in Prague. + += = = Prague 7 = = = +Prague 7 () is a second-tier municipality in Prague. + += = = Prague 8 = = = +Prague 8 () is a second-tier municipality in Prague. + += = = Prague 9 = = = +Prague 9 () is a second-tier municipality in Prague. + += = = Prague 10 = = = +Prague 10 () is a second-tier municipality in Prague. + += = = Prague 11 = = = +Prague 11 () is a municipal district in Prague, Czech Republic. It is located in the south eastern part, 8 km from the City Center. + += = = Amy Uyematsu = = = +Amy Uyematsu (October 18, 1947 – June 23, 2023) was a Japanese American poet who has written six highly acclaimed poetry collections. +Works. +Prominent writer Naomi Hirahara called Uyematsu, "One of LA's finest poets." Her writing mainly focused on the discrimination she experienced as both an Asian-American and a woman. Much of her early work explored the origins of the yellow power movement, which was a campaign inspired by the Black Power movement that worked towards equal rights for Asian Americans. Uyematsu won the Nicholas Roerich Poetry Prize for her first book, 30 Miles from J-Town, in 1992. She attended UCLA during the late 1960s and early 1970s, where she began writing poetry in response to anti-Asian racism in the U.S. that was largely caused by the ongoing Vietnam War. Uyematsu’s activism spurred her to help start up UCLA’s Asian American Studies Program immediately after her graduation. Her writing appeared in many anthologies and journals published internationally. Her essay from 1969, “The Emergence of Yellow Power in America,” has had a lasting impact on Asian-American studies across the country, through her criticism of social inequities: “Although the race situation in America is not strictly analogous to white colonialism and imperialism, the blacks and yellows have suffered similar consequences as Third World people at the hands of the American capitalist power.” Uyematsu was also an experienced educator and taught high school mathematics for over thirty years in Los Angeles. + += = = Josefov = = = +Josefov (also Jewish Quarter; ) is a town quarter and the smallest cadastral area of Prague, Czech Republic, it was the Jewish ghetto of the town. Jewish people were forced to wear the yellow Magen David (Star of David) during the German occupation of Czechoslovakia. + += = = Anne Burlak = = = +Anne Burlak Timpson (or “Red Flame”; May 24th, 1911–July 9th, 2002) was a well-known union organizer. +In 1928, Timpson was a representative in the founding (starting) convention (meeting) for the National Textile Workers Union. During the 1930’s, she worked with the union in textile mills and held protests there almost every day. During this time, she was arrested moments before she was supposed to give a speech at an Atlanta hall. She spent seven weeks in jail before facing the death penalty for violating Georgia's insurrection law. However, she was eventually released and the charges were dropped. She then became one of the leaders in the Lawrence textile strike where she organized protests against layoffs, pay cuts, and shortened hours. She earned the title the “Red Flame” at this time. In 1932, she led a group of 3,000 people from Rhode Island in the national Hunger March to Washington D.C. Shortly after, she became an official organizer for the National Textile Workers Union. She was granted the Wonder Woman Award by the Wonder Woman Foundation in 1982 and was later recognized by the Rhode Island Labor Society in 1990. + += = = LaNada War Jack = = = +LaNada War Jack (or LaNada Boyer and LaNada Means; born 1947) is a Native American activist and author who participated in the Occupation of Alcatraz from November 20, 1969 – June 11, 1971. She is a member of the Shoshone Bannock Tribes. +War Jack majored in Native American Law and Politics at UC Berkeley and participated in the Third Worlds Strike as a student. At Berkeley, she began the first Native American Studies program in the country with other students. War Jack was also part of the negotiation team that assisted with creating The Department of Ethnic Studies in 1969. Later that same year, she participated in the organization of the nineteen-month Occupation of Alcatraz: a peaceful protest where almost 100 Native Americans (plus other supporters) inhabited Alcatraz Island. Deynon Means, War Jack’s son, and Claudene Boyer, her sister, came too. Students from other universities and colleges in California also participated. +War Jack worked as a professor. She taught Native American History at many colleges. She was a distinguished professor at Boise State University, War Jack taught Native American Law and Politics. In 2014, she published the book "" about the treatment Native Americans have received throughout the years and the story of herself as an activist. For three years, she also served as the Executive Director for the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes. Now she is President of Indigenous Visions Network. + += = = Cadastre = = = +A cadastre or cadaster is a recording of the real estate or real property's metes-and-bounds of a country. + += = = Artvin Province = = = +Artvin Province (Laz and Georgian: �������, romanized: artvini; Armenian: �������, romanized: Artuin) is a province in Turkey, on the Black Sea coast in the northeastern corner of the country, on the border with Georgia. +Armenian (Hemshin), Georgian, Laz and Turkish people live in Artvin. + += = = Miriam W. Yeung = = = +Miriam W. Yeung is a queer, Asian-American immigrant activist for reproductive justice, immigrant rights, and LGBTQ+ rights. +She is the former executive director of the National Asian Pacific American Women's Forum. She worked in different roles at the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Community Center in New York for 10 years. She raised over 40 million dollars in funding while she worked there. She has been published in many different publications and is a highly regarded speaker. In 2016, she was honored as the Woman of Vision at the Gloria Awards. Yeung has also been given recognition from the New York City Council for her work for the LGBTQ+ youth community. +Early Life and Education. +Yeung was born in Hong Kong and came to the United States with her parents in 1977. She was raised in Brooklyn. She holds a master's degree in public administration from Baruch College and a bachelor's degree from New York University. + += = = Aliya Ogdie Hassen = = = +Aliya Ogdie Hassen (born Aliya Ogdie; April 30, 1910–May, 1990) was an Arab American community organizer in Detroit, MI. She founded several organizations, including ACCESS in Dearborn, Michigan. +Works. +Hassen fought for Muslim rights and feminism within Islam. Even as a child, she didn’t follow what was expected of her. She wrote many works that focused on getting rid of false common ideas about Muslims, Arabs, and Muslim women. She used quotes from the Holy Quran and the Prophet Muhammad as evidence. Hassen also participated in protests to support Arabs. Along with her husband, Ali Hassen, she started the Egyptian Arab American Seaman’s Society to spread the message of Islam to the wider public and support Arab-American Muslims. She also began another organization, the Islamic Sorority, to give a safe space for Muslim women and their children to practice Islam. Hassen held leading roles in other Islamic organizations, such as the Islamic Center of New York and the Federation of Islamic Associations. Hassen became friendly with many important Muslim and Arab people, such as Malcolm X, and the Saudi prince Talal bin Abdulaziz. She wrote multiple works about Muslim feminism, like “Feminine Participation in Islamic Affairs.” Her work reached many people and changed their ideas on Arab-Americans, Muslims, and Islamic feminism. + += = = Luigi's Mansion 3 = = = +Luigi's Mansion 3 is a 2019 video game made by Nintendo. It is the third game in the "Luigi's Mansion" series. The game was released on the Nintendo Switch on October 31, 2019. The main setting of this game is a haunted hotel. The new gameplay feature in this game is the addition of Gooigi, a slimy version of Luigi, the main character and protagonist. + += = = Bo Thao-Urabe = = = +Bo Thao-Urabe (born 1973) is the founder and network director for the Coalition of Asian American Leaders (CAAL). The group's goal is to unite Asian American leaders across different generations and ethnicities. CAAL works for justice, peace, and prosperity. Bo Thao-Urabe was Senior Director at Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders in Philanthropy (AAPIP). She created social justice initiatives. She has been recognized for her work for women's rights. Thao-Urabe's goal is to make Minnesota an welcoming place for all people. +Recognition. +She has improved the community by working with local and national businesses and non-profit businesses by serving on the Boards of Nonprofits, Drake Bank, and the Minneapolis Foundation. She has won numerous awards; the National Philanthropy Day Award from the Association of Fundraising Professionals-Minnesota's Chapter, the Newsmaker Award from Minnesota's Women Press, the Impact Award from Hmong National Development, the Courageous Woman Award from Augsburg College, and the Facing Race Award from the Saint Paul Foundation. She also received a Buck fellowship award in 2019 in honor of her work to improve the community. +Early life. +Bo Thao-Urabe was born on 1973 in Laos. She was born during America's war in Vietnam. Bo's family fled to Thailand. They spent three years in a refugee camp. In December 1797, she came to Chicago, IL, America, as an immigrant. She learned English quickly. She helped her mother use the public bus system. She moved to St. Paul, MN. In St. Paul Thao-Urabe found people who had similar life experiences. They talked about their experiences in a similar way. As she got older, she felt angry about the racism she saw. She believed that racism made it harder for her family to live in the United States. For example, it meant she needed to be the English interpreter for her parents. Also, it meant her family did not have help taking care of her sister, so she had to do it. + += = = Evelyn Yoshimura = = = +Evelyn Yoshimura (b. 1948) is a Japanese American scholar and ethnic studies activist. She helped change the curriculum at Cal State University Long Beach (CSULB). +Ethnic studies. +She wanted universities to have ethnic studies courses--a class where you learn about the culture and history of non-White races. Yoshimura and other students of color fought for these classes to be added. They wanted their classes to reflect all the different races at the university. The university ignored the students. The students held protests. At one protest, violence started between protestors and people who did not want ethnic studies classes. After the protests, CSULB added some ethnic studies courses to the curriculum. +Yoshimura also helped create the Amerasia bookstore. The bookstore was one of the only places that sold books by Japanese-American authors. In the early 1970s, Evelyn joined the newspaper Gidra. Gidra wrote about the Asian-American movement. It’s often viewed as “the voice of the Asian-American movement”. She’s also an original staff member for the Little Tokyo Service Center (LTSC), which supports Japanese-Americans, especially in Los Angeles’ “Little Tokyo” district. After the LA riots in 1992, they helped Asian-Americans and other riot victims as well. The LTSC was an existing community service group that was already organized. This made it easier for them to help. + += = = Cindy Sheehan = = = +Cindy Lee Miller Sheehan (born July 10, 1957) is an American anti war activist. She was one of the most well-known faces in the United States' antiwar movement of the 2000s. +Works. +She was the mother of Casey Sheehan. He was a soldier who died in the Iraq War. After his death, Sheehan grieved. She protested because of her son. Months later, she started traveling around the United States. She spoke at universities, churches, and other communities around the country. President Bush refused to meet with her at the White House. In 2005, Sheehan set up camp outside President Bush’s home in Texas to protest. Sheehan’s strong protests created controversy throughout the U.S.. Many people did not like her protesting against her country. Sheehan knew many people who lost family members and friends in the war. She protested for all of those people. + += = = Alicia Escalante = = = +Alicia Escalante (born 1933) became one of the leading activists in the Chicano Movement in the 1960s. +Early life. +Escalante was born in El Paso, Texas, USA. Her family had seven children. She was the second born. Her mother divorced her father. He was not a kind person. Because her mother did not have a job, her father gained custody of all the children. Escalante's mother moved to Los Angeles, California, USA, to live with her sister. Escalante was close to her mother and did not want to live with her father. At age nine, she got on a train to try to get to her mother. The police found her, but her father let her go to California. She moved to Lost Angeles with her mother. She moved during World War II. +Works. +Escalante fought for welfare rights, women's rights, and economic equality during the Chicano Movement. In 1967 she created the East Los Angeles Welfare Rights Organization with her family doctor, Doctor Carlo. It was one of the first Chicana organizations. This organization taught people about welfare rules and rights. They gave information in Spanish and English. It also helped people to apply for welfare and fix problems. +In 1968 she participated in the Salvador Castro's East Los Angeles Walkouts. She was arrested. In 1969 she participated in Ricardo Cruz's Catolicos por la Raza's demonstration. Escalante’s activism and involvement in the Chicano Movement made her friends with other activists: Gloria Arellanes and poet Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzalez. She taught Spanish and Welfare rights at Gonzalez’s Escuela Tlatelolco. She also created a bilingual Spanish and English newspaper, La Causa De Los Pobres. The newspaper helped Spanish speakers understand the government and Welfare rights. She wrote for several other newspapers to try to enable people to create change. Escalante wrote a lot of speeches, articles, and letters. She also protested police hurting people, the Vietnam War, and world hunger. Escalante also participated in the Poor People’s Campaign March on Washington. +Escalante was very good at creating partnerships with other activists. She partnered with many African American organizations. For example, she worked with Catherine Jermany and the Los Angeles County Welfare Rights Organization. She worked with many student groups. +Her work was featured in the documentary called "Chicana," made in 1979 by Sylvia Morales. Her papers are at the University of California, Santa Barabara's California Ethnic and Multicultural Archives. +Personal life. +Escalante had five children. She was a single mother. The family lived in East Lost Angeles, California, USA. They moved to Sacramento in 1974. + += = = Queen Mother Moore = = = +Queen Mother Moore (born Audley Moore; July 27, 1898 – May 2, 1997) was a strong African-American civil rights leader and Black nationalist (someone who fights for Black people to be thought of as an individual race) as well as being an activist for 70 years. +Life. +She spent her life fighting for Black freedom and her rights. Her childhood was filled with racism and shaped her ideas for the future. In the 1920s, she was involved in Marcus Garvey’s UNIA, which fought for the creation of organizations by and for the Black community. In 1933, she turned to the Communist party because they were the only ones focused on her rights. With them, she deepened her studies of race, class, gender, and reparations (giving back to victims of slavery and their descendants). She publicly spoke against Italy’s invasion of Ethiopia and in favor of the Scottsboro Boys. She left the party in 1950 and became a republican, then a democrat. For most of the 1950s and 1960s, Moore was the most known leader for African-American reparations. She was a “shero” (heroine) in Harlem and a role model. She went on to create the Universal Association of Ethiopian Women and the in the 1960s, which was a diverse community organization fighting for reparations, and strengthened other organizations along the way. The efforts of UAEW members caused the state of Louisiana to rethink the idea of reparations. In 1963, in honor of the 100-year anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation, the group helped Black Americans file formal reparations claims (asking for something to make up for an unfair act) to the US government. On a trip to Africa in 1972, the Ashanti people in Ghana gave her the honorary title of “Queen Mother”. + += = = Seymour Papert = = = +Seymour Aubrey Papert (29 February 1928, Pretoria, Union of South Africa – 31 July 2016, Maine, U.S.) was a groundbreaking mathematician, computer scientist, and educator. He spent his career at MIT. He was an early leader in the field of artificial intelligence. He is one of the founders of the constructivist movement in education. With Cynthia Solomon and Wally Feurzeig he invented the Logo Programing Language. He was co-director of the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab with Marvin Minsky. He advocated for computers in education as a tool for constructivist education. His work influenced many 21st-century thinkers in American education. + += = = Balenciaga = = = +Balenciaga SAS ( ; ) is a luxury fashion company founded in 1919 by the Spanish designer Cristóbal Balenciaga in San Sebastián, Spain. The headquarters is now in Paris, France. Balenciaga closed in 1972 and was reopened under new ownership in 1986. Since 2001, the brand has been owned by the luxury group Kering. + += = = Little Rock Central High School = = = +Little Rock Central High School (LRCHS) is a public high school in Little Rock, Arkansas, United States. The school was the site of forced desegregation in 1957 after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public schools was unconstitutional three years before. This was during the height of the civil rights movement. It has since been listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places and named as a U.S. National Historic Landmark and National Historic Site. + += = = Henny Hilberink = = = +Henny Hilberink (also known as Hennie Hilberink 21 December 1943 — 16 November 2016) was a Dutch Paralympic swimmer from Dedemsvaart. She won a total of four gold medals at the 1972 Summer Paralympics and 1976 Summer Paralympics. +She competed in one of the most impaired disability classes. During the 1969 Paralympics in class 2 and during the 1972 Paralympics in class 1B. +At the 1972 Summer Paralympics she won the gold medal in the 25 m Backstroke event ahead of Quirien Jonker. Four years later at the 1976 Summer Paralympics she competed in the 1B disability class and won three gold medals. She won the 25 m Backstroke event, 25 m Breaststroke event and 25 m Freestyle event. + += = = Vic Snyder = = = +Victor Frederick "Vic" Snyder (born September 27, 1947) is an American physician, lawyer, and politician. He was the U.S. representative for from 1997 to 2011. He is a member of the Democratic Party. +Snyder announced on January 15, 2010 that he would retire at the end of his term. + += = = Prague 12 = = = +Prague 12 () is a municipal district ("městská část") in Prague, Czech Republic. + += = = Earl Devaney = = = +Earl E. Devaney (June 8, 1947 – April 15, 2022) was an American police officer and politician. He was the Inspector General for the United States Department of the Interior from 1999 until 2011. He was the Chairman of the Recovery Accountability and Transparency Board from 2009 until 2011. Devaney was from Massachusetts. He was also a United States Secret Service agent. +Devaney died on April 15, 2022 at the age of 74. + += = = Municipal House = = = +Municipal House () is a civic building that houses Smetana Hall in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. + += = = Carlos Lucas = = = +Carlos Lucas Manríquez (4 June 1930 – 19 April 2022) was a Chilean boxer. He won the bronze medal in the light heavyweight division at the 1956 Summer Olympics. He also won bronze at the 1959 Pan American Games in Chicago. Lucas was born in Villarrica, Chile. +Lucas died on 19 April 2022, aged 91. + += = = 1959 Pan American Games = = = +The 1959 Pan American Games were held in Chicago, Illinois, United States between August 28 and September 7, 1959. The event was opened by Milton S. Eisenhower, the brother of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower. It was held at Soldier Field. The United States won the most medals winning 121 gold medals and a total of 252 medals. Argentina and Canada came in second and third place. + += = = Coat of arms of the Czech Republic = = = +The coat of arms of the Czech Republic () shows the three historic regions of the Czech lands (Bohemia Moravia and Czech Silesia). The country started using this coat of arms in 1992. Czech heraldist, Jiří Louda, designed it. + += = = Coat of arms of Monaco = = = +The coat of arms of Monaco, is the symbol of the House of Grimaldi. They are the royal family of the principality of Monaco + += = = Rize Province = = = +Rize Province (Armenian: ����, romanized: Rrize; Laz: ������, romanized: Rizini; Georgian: ����, romanized: Rize) is a province of northeast Turkey, on the eastern Black Sea coast between Trabzon and Artvin. +Armenian (Hemshin), Georgian, Laz and Turkish people live in Rize. + += = = List of Dutch politicians = = = +This is a list of Dutch politicians. + += = = Goulash = = = +Goulash (), is a soup of meat and vegetables seasoned with paprika and other spices. Goulash came from Hungary and is commonly eaten in Central Europe and other parts of Europe. It is one of the national dishes of Hungary and a symbol of the country. In Hungary, goulash is a soup and not a stew! + += = = José Vasconcelos = = = +José Vasconcelos Calderón (January 28, 1882 – June 30, 1959), known as the "Cultural Caudillo" of the Mexican Revolution, was a Mexican writer, philosopher and politician and is one of the most influential and controversial personalities of Modern Mexico. + += = = Treuenbrietzen = = = +Treuenbrietzen is a town in Brandenburg, Germany. + += = = Status quo ante bellum = = = +Status quo ante bellum is a Latin phrase which means "the condition before the war". It means that nothing has changed after a war. No side loses territory or power. + += = = Truth table = = = +A truth table summarizes how we combine two logical conditions based on AND, OR, and NOT. Logic tells us that if two things must be true in order to proceed, then both condition 1 AND condition 2 must be true. If it only takes one out of two things to be true, then condition 1 OR condition 2 must be true. De Morgan's Laws tell us how to negate a Boolean expression and what it means to do so. + += = = Carboxylate = = = +A carboxylate is the conjugate base of a carboxylic acid, RCOO− (or RCO−2). It is an ion with negative charge. Carboxylate ions are made when a carboxylic acid loses a hydrogen ion. Such acids usually have pKa of less than 5, meaning that many bases, such as sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate can remove the hydrogen ions from them. +RCOOH + NaOH → RCOONa + H2O +Examples. +Some examples of carboxylates include; + += = = The Quarterback (1926 movie) = = = +The Quarterback is a 1926 American comedy movie directed by Fred C. Newmeyer and starring Richard Dix, David Butler, Esther Ralston, Harry Beresford. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Norman Surplus = = = +Norman Surplus (1963 – 18 April 2022) was a Northern Irish pilot. He traveled around the world in an autogyro, nicknamed "Roxy". His trip began in 2010 and ended on 28 June 2019. +Surplus died on 18 April 2022. + += = = Freeman Williams = = = +Freeman Williams (May 15, 1956 – April 19, 2022) was an American professional basketball player in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was born in Los Angeles, California. His career lasted from 1978 until 1993. He played for the San Diego Clippers, Atlanta Hawks, Utah Jazz, Tampa Bay Thrillers, Washington Bullets and Miami Tropics. +Williams died on April 19, 2022 in Los Angeles at the age of 65. + += = = Ian Brooks = = = +Ian James Brooks (21 April 1928 – 20 April 2022) was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party. He was born in Blenheim, New Zealand. Brooks was a member of the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1970 until 1975. +Brooks died on 20 April 2022 at a hospital in Blenheim, one day before his 94th birthday. + += = = Javier Lozano Barragán = = = +Javier Lozano Barragán (; 26 January 1933 – 20 April 2022) was a Mexican Roman Catholic Cardinal. He was president of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers from 1997 to 2009. He was made a cardinal in 2003. He was auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Mexico from 1979 to 1984 and bishop of Zacatecas from 1984 to 1996. Lozano Barragán was born in Toluca, Mexico. +Lozano Barragán died on 20 April 2022 while being hospitalized in Rome, Italy for a bowel obstruction, aged 89. + += = = J. D. Rymbai = = = +J. Dringwell Rymbai (26 October 1934 – 21 April 2022), better known as J. D. Rymbai, was an Indian politician. He was a member of the United Democratic Party. He was in the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly from 1983 until 1988 and again from 1993 until 2008. Rymbai was also the Chief Minister of Meghalaya from 2006 until 2007. Rymbai was born in Shillong, Meghalaya. +Rymbai died on 21 April 2022 in Shillong, aged 88. + += = = Pat Schroeder = = = +Patricia Nell Scott Schroeder (July 30, 1940 – March 13, 2023) was an American politician and writer. She represented Colorado in the United States House of Representatives from 1973 to 1997. She was a member of the Democratic Party. Schroeder was the first female U.S. Representative elected in Colorado. She was born in Portland, Oregon. +Schroeder unsuccessfully ran for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1988. +On March 13, 2023, Schroeder died from complications of a stroke at a hospital in Celebration, Florida, at the age of 82. + += = = Diana DeGette = = = +Diana Louise DeGette (; born July 29, 1957) is an American lawyer and politician. She is the U.S. representative for since 1997. She is a member of the Democratic Party. +DeGette was a Chief Deputy Whip from 2005 to 2019 and is the dean of Colorado's congressional delegation. +She was the Colorado State Representative for the 6th district from 1993 until her election to the U.S. House. +DeGette was born in Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan, the daughter of American parents. She graduated from Colorado College and New York University. + += = = Jessica Cox = = = +Jessica Cox (born 1983 in Arizona) is the first armless person to get a pilot's license. She is also the first armless black-belt in the American Taekwondo Association. She was born without arms due to a rare birth defect. + += = = Debjani Chatterjee = = = +Debjani Chatterjee is a Bengali film actress. + += = = Scinax fuscomarginatus = = = +The brown-bordered snouted tree frog ("Scinax fuscomarginatus") is a frog that lives in Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname, and Paraguay. + += = = Erwina Ryś-Ferens = = = +Erwina Lilia Ryś-Ferens (née "Ryś"; 19 January 1955 – 20 April 2022) was a Polish speed skater and politician. She competed in four Winter Olympics from 1976 to 1988 in all distances from 500 m to 3000 m. She reached fifth place in 1980 (3000 m), in 1984 (1500 m) and in 1988 (3000 m). She won a silver and a bronze medal at the World Junior Speed Skating Championships in 1974 and 1975. +She unsuccessfully ran for the national and European Parliament in 2001, 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2009. +Ryś-Ferens was born in Elblag, Poland. She died on 20 April 2022, aged 67. + += = = Gloria Gervitz = = = +Gloria Gervitz (29 March 1943 – 20 April 2022) was a Mexican poet and translator. She was born in Mexico City, Mexico. Between August and September 1976, she began writing an organic poem, "Migraciones". She also translated the works of Ezra Pound in Spanish. +In 2011, she received the PEN Mexico Prize for Literary Excellence. In 2019, Gervitz received the Pablo Neruda Ibero-American Poetry Award. +Gervitz died on 20 April 2022, aged 79. + += = = St. Stephen's Basilica = = = +St. Stephen's Basilica ( ) is a Roman Catholic basilica in Budapest, Hungary + += = = János-hegy = = = +János Hill () is the highest place in Budapest with a height of , it is in the western part of the city. + += = = Theorbo = = = +The theorbo is a musical instrument. It is a lute with a longer neck. It is played by plucking the strings with one hand. Another hand presses the strings. This changes the pitch. It has an extra set of bass strings. This gives the theorbo a bigger range of notes to play. It was used to play basso continuo parts in the baroque period. It was also played as a solo instrument. + += = = Marie de' Medici = = = +Marie de' Medici (, ; 26 April 1575 – 3 July 1642), was Queen of France and Navarre as the second wife of King Henry IV of France of the House of Bourbon, her regent was succeeded by her son Louis XIII of France. + += = = Something of Value = = = +Something of Value is a 1957 American drama movie directed by Richard Brooks and was based on the 1955 novel of the same name by Robert Ruark. It starred Rock Hudson, Dana Wynter, Sidney Poitier, Wendy Hiller, Robert Beatty, Ivan Dixon, William Marshall, Walter Fitzgerald and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. + += = = Prague 13 = = = +Prague 13 () is a municipal district in Prague, Czech Republic. + += = = Prague 14 = = = +Prague 14 () is a municipal district in Prague since 1994. It is located in the north-eastern part of the city, east of district Prague 9. + += = = Prague 15 = = = +Prague 15 () is a municipal district in Prague, Czech Republic. + += = = Prague 16 = = = +Prague 16 () is a municipal district in Prague. It is located in the south-western part of the city. + += = = Prague 17 = = = +Prague 17 () is a municipal district in Prague. It is located in the western part of the city. + += = = Prague 18 = = = +Prague 18 () is a municipal district in Prague. It is located in the north-eastern part of the city. + += = = Košíře = = = +Košíře is a district of Prague, part of the municipal area Prague 5. + += = = Camila Vallejo = = = +Camila Antonia Amaranta Vallejo Dowling (; born 28 April 1988) is a Chilean communist politician, geographer and former student leader. She is the Minister General Secretariat of Government since 11 March 2022. She was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 2014 until 2022. +She was president of the University of Chile Student Federation (FECh) and was the main spokesperson of the Confederation of Chilean Students (Confech). + += = = Gladys Marín = = = +Gladys del Carmen Marín Millie (; July 16, 1938 – March 6, 2005) was a Chilean activist and politician. She was Secretary-General of the Communist Party of Chile (PCCh) from 1994 until 2002 and then president of the PCCh until her death. She was a critic of General Augusto Pinochet and accused him of committing human rights violations during his seventeen-year dictatorship. +Marín died of brain cancer on March 6, 2005 in Santiago, Chile at the age of 66. + += = = Kamen Rider Revice = = = +Kamen Rider Revice is a Japanese tokusatsu drama "Kamen Rider" Series. Super Hero Time joined "Kikai Sentai Zenkaiger" and later, "Avataro Sentai Donbrothers". + += = = Prague 19 = = = +Prague 19 () is a municipal district in Prague. + += = = Prague 20 = = = +Prague 20 () is a municipal district ("městská část") in Prague. + += = = Prague 21 = = = +Prague 21 () is municipal district in Prague, Czech Republic. + += = = Prague 22 = = = +Prague 22 () is a municipal district in Prague, Czech Republic. + += = = Prague Castle = = = +Prague Castle (; ) is a castle complex in Prague, Czech Republic, built in the 9th century. It is the official office of the President of the Czech Republic. The castle was used by the kings of Bohemia, Holy Roman emperors, and presidents of Czechoslovakia. + += = = Coat of arms of Prague = = = +The coat of arms of the city of Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic, has a lesser and a greater version. + += = = Open Fortress = = = +Open Fortress is free and easily configured mod for Valve's Team Fortress 2 created by over a hundred developers from the Team Fortress 2 community. It includes a new character, the Deathmatch mercenary, new and modified weapons, and over 50 maps. It also introduces the deathmatch game mode from Quake. Other additions include all the playable characters from Team Fortress Classic and the game mechanic of bunny hopping. +On September 10th, 2021, Open Fortress, along with the mod Team Fortress 2 Classic were removed for download due to an arrangement with Valve. By July 1st, 2022, both mods were once again available for download. +Gameplay. +Game modes in Open Fortress include deathmatch, Capture the Flag, and duel. In the deathmatch game mode, players move quickly around the map, trying to kill as many opponents as possible. Weapons and powerups are available around the map. The gameplay of deathmatch is based on Quake. In Capture the Flag, players attempt to bring the objective from the enemy base to their own while preventing the enemy from the doing the same. Variants of the game mode are played with the deathmatch mercenary, the mercenaries of Team Fortress 2, or both. Duel is a game mode where two players fight in an arena until a certain number of kills is achieved. This is similar to the unofficial game mode of MGE in the TF2. Other game modes include arena, where players do not respawn and each team attempts to wipe out the entire enemy team, and arsenal, where players face off against waves of computer-controlled enemies. + += = = Běchovice = = = +Běchovice () is a suburb of Prague, it is a municipal district in Prague 21. The suburb is located about 13 km east of the city centre. + += = = Dancing House = = = +The Dancing House () is the nickname of the Nationale-Nederlanden building on the Rašínovo nábřeží in Prague, Czech Republic. It was designed by the Croatian-Czech architect Vlado Milunić with architect Frank Gehry in 1992. + += = = Óbuda = = = +Óbuda () was a town in Hungary that became part of Buda and Pest on 17 November 1873. Óbuda is currently part of the District III-Óbuda-Békásmegyer of Budapest. + += = = Pest, Hungary = = = +Pest () is the eastern part of Budapest, Hungary. It is separated by the Danube River from Buda and Óbuda, the western parts of Budapest. Pest is famous for the Hungarian Parliament Building, Heroes' Square and Andrássy Avenue. + += = = Andrássy út = = = +Andrássy Avenue () is a boulevard in Budapest, Hungary. It was recognised as a World Heritage Site in 2002. + += = = Human rights in the Comoros = = = +Historically, Comoros has had a relatively poor human rights record. In early 1979, Comorian authorities arrested some 300 supporters of the Soilih's regime and imprisoned them without trial in Moroni. Four of Soilih's former ministers also disappeared. For the next two years, there were further arrests, shootings, and disappearances. Under pressure from France, some trials were held but many Comorians remained political prisoners, despite protests from Amnesty International and other humanitarian organizations. As there are no recognition of legal rights for same-sex couples. + += = = Human rights in Somalia = = = +Both male and female same-sex sexual activity is illegal and could be punished by death. +On October 3, 2020, a UN human rights investigator raised concerns over Somali government's backtracking of human rights commitments. According to information collected by the investigator, Somali authorities were regressing on commitments to protect peoples’ economic, social and cultural rights. + += = = Sue Ko Lee = = = +Sue Ko Lee (March 9, 1920 – May 15, 1996) was a labor organizer with the Chinese Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Association. +In 1938, she joined the longest strike in San Francisco’s Chinatown's (at the time) history. This strike was a fifteen week long strike against the National Dollar Stores factory. Lee and the other workers who striked were tired of the low wages and poor working conditions they were given. They did not have many job options to choose from, so were forced to take the work they could get at the National Dollar Stores factory. This was because many white owned businesses would not hire them due to the fact that they were Chinese American. She helped organize and lead the strike and delivered speeches. The Dollar Store Strike was successful, in part due to her efforts. The workers got a 5 percent raise, and the conditions in which they were working also started to improve. This strike directly impacted the workers at the National Dollar Stores factories. In addition, after the company closed, more companies, even those that were previously made up of only white people, were willing to hire Chinese Americans. After the strike, Lee also became a leader of the International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union. +Personal Life. +Lee was born in Honolulu, Hawaii on March 9, 1920. She moved to Watsonville, California, as a child. She was the oldest of ten children. At eighteen, she married Lee Jew Hing. He was an immigrant from China. He worked as a bookkeeper for National Dollar Stores, causing Lee to eventually work at the same factory. Sue Ko Lee and Lee Jew Hing had two children together. Lee saved all of her memories, documents, and items from the strike in a scrapbook, and participated in an interview before she died. The interview and scrapbook helped give much of the currently known information about the strike. Lee died in El Cerrito, California on May 15, 1996. + += = = Human rights in Djibouti = = = +The issue of Human rights in Djibouti is a matter of concern for several human rights organizations. Djibouti is a small African country. It is on the Horn of Africa, The US State Department Country Report on Human Rights Practices for 2019 said there were unlawful or arbitrary killings by government agents; arbitrary detention by government agents; harsh and life-threatening prison conditions; arbitrary or unlawful interference with privacy; unjustified arrests or prosecutions of journalists; criminal libel; substantial interference with the rights of peaceful assembly and freedom of association; significant acts of corruption; and violence against women and girls with inadequate government action for prosecution and accountability, including female genital mutilation/cutting. It states also that the government seldom takes steps to identify and punish officials who committed abuses, whether in the security services or elsewhere in the government. +Minority and women's rights. +Female genital mutilation is common. Equality, however, has been making strides; over 50% of judges are now women. According to American advocacy group Freedom House, minority groups such as Yemenis and Afars are not being treated fairly. + += = = Human rights in Eritrea = = = +Human rights in Eritrea are viewed, as of the 2010s, by non-governmental organisations (NGOs) such as Human Rights Watch as among the worst in the world, particularly in regard to freedom of the press. +LGBT rights. +The Government of Eritrea has denied an appeal by the United Nations Human Rights Council's Universal Periodic Review process to legalize same-sex sexual activity. This was said to be "in direct contradiction with the values and traditions of the Eritrean people". + += = = Pat Maginnis = = = +Patricia Theresa "Pat" Maginnis (June 9, 1928 – August 30, 2021) was one of the earliest American abortion rights activists. Before "Roe v. Wade", Maginnis worked towards eliminating rules and regulations governing abortion providers. In addition, she focused on women's rights to control their own body. She shed light on the importance of providing women access to safe and legal abortion services. Maginnis worked to decriminalize terminating pregnancies, speaking out about her personal abortions. She was one of the first people to publicly argue that medical control over women's reproductive rights was destructive and unjust. +Pat founded the Citizens Committee for Humane Abortion Laws promoting safe and legal abortions in San Francisco around 1962. Later renamed the Society for Humane Abortion (SHA), the committee worked to educate medical and legal personal while running a free post-abortion clinic. Additionally, the SHA ran an underground network helping women access abortions. Obtaining abortions was extremely hard to do as it was rare doctors granted exceptions for "therapeutic abortions." Maginnis and other activists would encourage and teach women seeking abortions how to fake these conditions (psychosis, excess vomiting, etc). She handed out leaflets on how a woman could terminate a pregnancy and taught ways to induce abortion at home. Pat was arrested several times as she often went against anti-abortion laws. +Once the Supreme Court ruled that women had the constitutional right to abortions, Maginnis worked on other issues such as gay rights and animal welfare. She regularly protested the Catholic church and it's anti-abortion policies, demanding they take responsibility in cases of sexual abuse by priests. + += = = Elizabeth Martínez = = = +Elizabeth "Betita" Martínez (December 12, 1925 – June 29, 2021) was a Chicana civil rights activist. +Martínez fought alongside other women fighting for their voting rights. She was also a writer. In 1960, she joined the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) where she helped design a book on civil rights. She also reported on the Delano Grape Strike. Additionally, she participated in the Civil Rights movement, however, she felt lonely as she was a non-black woman. She decided to go home and help people of Mexican descent or heritage. It was in New Mexico that she founded a bilingual newspaper named "El Grito del Norte" which translates to "The Cry of the North." Another reason she moved to Mexico was to fight for land rights agreed upon in the "Treaty of Guadalupe." She lead protests and marches fighting for women's rights. She used her platform to better failing systems around her and helped raise awareness of the sexism and homophobia surrounding Latino culture. She reclaimed the term “Chicana” which was a derogatory term at the time. She did this to fight back against racist ideologies and norms. She worked to unite people that were black and brown and encouraged them to form alliances as they were the main minority populations in the United States. In her writings, she talked about how Chicana women were suppressed by Chicano men. Her writings often had themes of freedom and power for all people of color, specifically women. + += = = Loretta Ross = = = +Loretta J. Ross (born August 16, 1953) is an activist, author and teacher who has taught at schools and led many activism organizations. +Ross is a visiting professor and during her career has taught at Smith College, Arizona State University and Hampshire College. She has taught classes on topics such as White Supremacy, Human Rights and Calling In The Calling Out Culture. Ross has also written multiple books and has a book that is soon to be released, called Calling In The Calling Out Culture. At Smith College, Ross teaches a class on her ideas about calling in the calling out culture. Ross also talks about calling people in during her TED talk that she gave in 2021. In addition, Ross hosts a podcast, called “Dred Feminist with Loretta J. Ross”. Ross has worked at many human rights and activism organization, including the SisterSong Women Color Reproductive Justice Collective, the National Center for Human Rights Education and the National Black Women's Health Project. + += = = Florynce Kennedy = = = +Florynce Rae Kennedy (February 11, 1916 – December 21, 2000) was a Black activist and feminist who founded the Feminist Party, which in 1972, nominated Shirley Chisholm for President. +She was one of the first Black women to graduate from Columbia University and she fought her way to get into Columbia Law and became one of the first Black women to graduate and become a lawyer. In the 1960’s and 1970’s, she led and participated in many protests including protesting at CBS headquarters, rallying against President Richard Nixon, protesting against abortion rights, and protesting at Harvard for a lack of women’s restrooms. In 1997 when she was 81 years old and after fighting many health issues, she continued on to fight a sexual harassment case against the National Urban League which was one of the biggest civil rights groups in the United States. Kennedy was a member of the National Organization of Women, or NOW. While she was a lawyer, she helped to end New York's strict abortion laws that were passed in the late 1960's. Kennedy was very engaged in protests, but she was also very influential in combining anti-racist protests as well as protests fighting sexism. She has helped protesters and activists in future generations to understand the combination of the ideas of anti-racism and women’s rights to fight for peace. + += = = Mary McLeod Bethune = = = +Mary McLeod Bethune (or Mary Jane McLeod Bethune; July 10, 1875 - May 18, 1955) was a black educator and civil and women's rights leader. +The daughter of former slaves, Bethune believed that education was the key to racial advancement. She served as the president of the National Association of Colored Women's Clubs and was the founder of the National Council of [Black Women]. She also founded the Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School for [Black] Girls, which later became Bethune-Cookman College. At Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School for [Black] Girls, she became the first African American woman to serve as a college president. She was a key organizer for the , which was an advisory board to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In 1945, she was the only African American women to present at the opening of the United Nations, and won the Medal of Honor and . She merged 28 different organizations to help improve the lives of women and their children, and through her organizations she helped African American women into military roles through the Women's Army Corps during World War II. + += = = Cecilia Chung = = = +Cecilia Chung (; born 1965) is a transgender woman and civil rights activist for LGBTQIA+ rights and equality, healthcare for everyone, social justice, and HIV/AIDS treatment access and awareness. She is a founder of the annual Trans March held in San Francisco. She was the first Asian and first transgender President of the Board of Directors of San Francisco Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Pride Celebration Committee. Chung was also a test counselor and residential counselor for the UCSF AIDS Health Project. During her time there, she helped draw attention to transgender people and people living with HIV. + += = = TrueVisions = = = +TrueVisions is a television company in Thailand. It offers satellite and cable services. It started in 1998. It used to be called the United Broadcasting Corporation. + += = = Transmedicalism = = = +Transmedicalism is when people think that one needs gender dysphoria to be transgender. The people who think this are called transmedicalists. People who disagree with transmedicalists sometimes call them truscum or transmeds. +Some transmedicalists also do not agree with the idea of being non-binary. + += = = Antonov Airlines = = = +Antonov Airlines is the ’s subdivision that specializes in international cargo transportation.The airlines’ fleet includes one AN-225 Mriya, seven AN-124-100 Ruslans, one AN-22 Antei, two AN-12s one AN-26 and one AN-74T. Every year it carries hundreds of thousands of tons of unique cargoes, including those which can not be transported otherwise, to 800 airports across the world. + += = = Old Town (Prague) = = = +The Old Town of Prague () is an old settlement in Prague, the capital city of the Czech Republic. The old town is currently part of Prague 1. + += = = Old Town Square = = = +Old Town Square ( ) is a historic square in the Old Town quarter of Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. + += = = Malá Strana = = = +Malá Strana is a district of the city of Prague, Czech Republic, it is one of the city’s most historic neighbourhoods. + += = = Wallenstein Palace = = = +Wallenstein Palace () is a Baroque palace in Malá Strana, Prague. The palace currently houses the Senate of the Czech Republic. + += = = Liboc = = = +Liboc is a district of the city of Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. It is part of Prague 6, located near Divoká Šárka. + += = = Divoká Šárka = = = +Divoká Šárka () is a nature reserve in northwestern part of outer Prague, the capital city of the Czech Republic. + += = = Black woodpecker = = = +The black woodpecker ("Dryocopus martius") is a large woodpecker that lives in mature forests in parts of Eurasia. It does not migrate. + += = = Dryocopus = = = +Dryocopus is a genus of large powerful woodpeckers, it is usually 35–45 cm in length. It has representatives in North and South America, Europe, and Asia. + += = = Katherine A. Flores = = = +Katherine A. Flores (born 1953) is a American doctor of Mexican descent. She develops programs to train more Latin American doctors in the United States. She is a Professor of Family Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine. She helped start the National Hispanic Medical Association. Flores works to have more and better doctors serving the Latin American communities in California's Central Valley. She encourages students to pursue careers in medicine and education. The students she works with are not usually encouraged to get education or pursue these jobs. She founded the California Borders Health Education and Training Center (HETC) program, Partnerships for Health Professions Education (PHPE), and the Hispanic Centers of Excellence (HCOE), the California Health Professions Consortium, and the Latino Center for Medical Education and Research. The Latino Center for Medical Education and Research offer the Junior Doctors Academy and Doctors Academy. Both academies support middle and high school students as they get education and study for careers in medical fields. She received a James Irvine Foundation Leadership Award in 2010. +Childhood and family life. +Flores' family moved from Mexico to the United States. They worked on farms. Flores was born in Fresno, California. Her mother died when she was an infant. She was raised by her grandparents. She worked with them in farm jobs from about age four to age 16. +After earning admission and full scholarship to Stanford University, Flores found college a struggle. In particular, she missed her family and community. Flores says support from two classmates kept her in school. She also got involved with advocacy for Latin American farmworkers' rights, including marching with Cesar Chavez. She began working with Latin American organizations in California and the whole United States. She wanted to convince more Latin American people to become doctors. Then Flores decided to go to medical school. She decided that helping other students succeed would also be part of her life's work. +She married a professor of teacher education, Juan Flores. They have two children. +Education. +Flores studied in Human Biology at Stanford University in 19701-1975. She graduated from University of California, Davis School of Medicine in 1979. After medical school, Flores returned to Fresno. She eventually started her own doctor's office there in 1983. +Career. +Flores serves a diverse population. Her medical practice works in English and Spanish. Her area has many Latin American people, but very few Latin American doctors or nurses. She leads several large medical education programs. To help fight against that problem. +In 1984, Flores took on her roll as a professor at UCSF School of Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine. In 1996, she founded the Latino Center for Medical Education and Research at UCSF, and is still the director there in 2021. From 1993-1999 Flores was the assistant dean of the University of California, San Francisco Fresno Medical Education Program. +After attending the White House Health Care Reform Task Force meetings in 1993-1994, Flores was one of the ten Latin American participants who went on to found the National Hispanic Medical Association. She was one of the Association's Leadership Fellows in 1999, and went on to serve on the board of the organization, including serving as Secretary and later Chairwoman. +In 2013, California Governor Jerry Brown appointed Flores to the California Healthcare Workforce Policy Commission. + += = = Jessie Lopez De La Cruz = = = +Jessie Lopez De La Cruz (Jesuita Lopez; 1919 – September 2, 2013) was a Chicano-American who worked with Dolores Huerta and Caesar Chavez to fight for farm worker rights. +She was born in Anaheim, California, and started working on the farm at age 5. In 1932 she worked for the San Juan Capistrano to translate during a farm worker strike. She joined the National Farm Workers Association (later known as the United Farm workers) and was the first female recruiter and became one of the best. She participated in strikes and helped to ban the short-handed hoe, which led to back injuries of the farm workers. She also helped teach farm workers English. +Jessie de la Cruz worked for the Fresno County Economic Opportunity Commission, the Central California Action Associates, and California's Commission on the Status of Women. While working for the United Farm Workers, she advocated for more women in leadership roles. She retired from the United Farm Workers in 1993 and began working in the California Rural Legal Assistance and a Catholic Charity. +She continued to be a political activist until she died in 2013. + += = = Jovita Idár = = = +Jovita Idár Vivero (September 7, 1885 – June 15, 1946) was a Mexican American teacher, writer, and activist. She fought for the right to education, the right for women to vote, and for the rights of Mexican-Americans. +She became a teacher in 1903 but quit to write for "La Crónica" (a newspaper owned by her father). In October, 1911 she founded "La Liga Feminil Mexicaista" (the League of Mexican Women). The League of Mexican Women allowed Mexican-American students get access to education. In 1914, she wrote an editorial in "El Progreso" (The Progress) newspaper which criticized the US army interfering in the Mexican Revolution. She also wrote an editorial supporting women's suffrage. The Texas Rangers tried to shut the newspaper down, but when they came to "El Progreso"’s office, Jovita Idár stood in the doorway so they had to turn back. The officers shut it down the next day when she was not there. However, she continued to use "La Crónica" to voice her opinions. Eventually, she and her brothers took it over. For the rest of her life, she used the freedom of the press to keep arguing for civil rights. + += = = Guitar Shorty = = = +David William Kearney (September 8, 1934 – April 20, 2022), known as Guitar Shorty, was an American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter. He was known for his guitar style. He was inspired by Jimi Hendrix and Buddy Guy. Guitar Shorty recorded and toured from the 1950s until the 2010s. +Guitar Shorty died on April 20, 2022 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 87. + += = = Jacques Perrin = = = +Jacques Perrin (born Jacques André Simonet; 13 July 1941 – 21 April 2022) was a French actor, producer and director. He was born in Paris, France. His career began in 1957. Perrin was known for his roles in "The Sleeping Car Murders" (1965) as Daniel and in "Z" (1969) as the Photojournalist. He also produced "Z" and "Black and White in Color" (1976) which won the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film. +Perrin died on 21 April 2022 in Paris, aged 80. + += = = Amy Jacques Garvey = = = +Amy Euphemia Jacques Garvey (31 December 1895 – 25 July 1973) was a journalist, feminist, and race activist. +In 1918, she started working in the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA). and became Marcus Garvey’s personal secretary. She later became the office manager at U.N.I.A. headquarters in 1920. Two years later, in July 1922, Amy Jacques and Marcus Garvey married, following his divorce from Amy Ashwood. Jacques was dedicated to spreading information on the principles (principles - a basic law or truth on which action or behavior is based) and philosophies (philosophy - a way of thinking about the world, the universe, and society) of race and self-reliance (self-reliance - relying on your own abilities and resources instead of someone else's). +On June 21, 1922, her husband was convicted of mail fraud and sent to prison. During this time, Jacques took leadership of the U.N.I.A. and acted as his personal representative. She rallied (rallied - to call people together for a common effort) to his defense, made speeches to U.N.I.A. branches, and met with U.N.I.A. officers and public officials. Marcus Garvey had asked Jacques to edit two volumes of his Philosophy and Opinions and to distribute them to members of the United States Congress, so in 1923, Jacques published Volume One of "The Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey". Volume Two came out in 1925. She additionally became the associate editor of the U.N.I.A.’s newspaper and created a page called "“Our Women and What They Think."" This section had information on the status of women and profiles of black female leaders/historical figures. With these publications, she raised money for her husband’s legal defense. However, Marcus Garvey was deported (deported - to force someone who is not a citizen to leave the country) and had to go back to Jamaica. Jacques returned with him and their children, Marcus Garvey Jr. and Julius Garvey. She still continued to contribute to the U.N.I.A.’s newspaper, and wrote about her impressions of England, France, and Germany as she toured the countries with her husband. +After her husband’s death in 1940, she continued to fight for African independence and became a contributing editor to the "African", a black nationalist (nationalist - strongly identifying with their own nation) journal. She also started the African Study Circle of the World in Jamaica in the 1940s and published the book "Garvey and Garveyism" in 1963. Amy Jacques Garvey died on July 25, 1973 in Kingston, Jamaica, the same place where she was born. + += = = Ericka Huggins = = = +Ericka Huggins ( Jenkins; born January 5, 1948) is an African American activist. She was in the Black Panther Party. She was active in the Black Power Movement. +She is an activist, writer, and educator. She illustrated a book called "Insights & poems". Huggins was a former director of the Oakland Community School from 1973-1981. The Oakland Community school was founded by the leader of the Black Panther Party, Huey Newton. The Oakland Community School wanted to focus on quality education for Black and poor students. Huggins was the first woman and first Black person to be on the education board of Alameda County. Huggins worked on the Shanti Project which is a volunteer organization to help out create a better quality of life for people with terminal, life-threatening, or disabling conditions/illnesses. +She also worked as a professor of Women and Gender Studies at San Francisco State University and California State University from 2003-2011. She was also a professor in Sociology and African American Studies from 2008 to 2015 at the Peralta Community College District. After high school Ericka attended Cheyney University of Pennsylvania, then went to Lincoln University studying education. + += = = Peggy Saika = = = +Peggy Saika (b. 1945) is a Japanese-American activist. +She was the executive director of Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders in Philanthropy. Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders in Philanthropy is a non-profit organization. They work to improve the lives of Asian American communities. Saika has done a lot of work in California. In 1988, Saika helped open a shelter in San Franciscocalled San Francisco's Asian Women’s Shelter. She was chairperson of the board of The California Wellness Foundation. In 1996, she helped found NAPAWF (the National Asian Pacific American Women’s Forum) in Los Angeles. Saika has also worked for many other organizations. She is the Interim CEO of Common Counsel. Common Counsel brings resources to social movements across the US. She was also the first executive director of the Asian American Environmental Network. From 1983-1991, she was the executive director of the Asian Law Caucus. Saika is also passionate about women's rights. She organized groups of female activists. She also worked at the Chinatown Health Center. In 2008 she won the LEAD (Leadership for Equity and Diversity) Award. Women & Philanthropy gave her the award. The award is given to people who work for groups that help women. + += = = Ardeth Platte = = = +Ardeth Platte, O.P., (10 April 1936 – 30 September 2020), was an American Dominican religious sister and anti-nuclear activist, and inspired a character named Sister Jane Ingalls (played by Beth Fowler) in the Netflix hit “Orange is the New Black.” She was admitted into the Michigan Women’s hall of fame in 1999. +Activism. +Platte is most famously known for breaching a nuclear missile site in Colorado with fellow Dominican nuns Sister Carol Gilbert and Sister Jackie Hudson. Snipping through the chain-link fence using bolt cutters, Platte and the other nuns poured blood out of a baby bottle in the shape of a cross on a nuclear silo to remember victims of war. They then unfurled a peace banner, reciting a prayer, “Oh God, help us to be peacemakers in this hostile world.” For these actions, Platte was sent to prison in Danbury, Connecticut, where she stayed for 41 months. + += = = Esther Uranday = = = +Esther Tarango Uranday (April 26, 1933 - December 18, 2017) was a Filipino American activist for the United Workers Front (UFW). She told Cesar Chavez that Filipino farm workers were striking against grape growers and helped get him involved in their work. She got more involved inthe UFW. Uranday managed the UFW and contracts. She helped build the UFW, and was a close friend of Helen Chavez. She traveled with Helen and Cesar Chavez to lead the National Boycott Tour, encouraging people to not eat grapes from certain growers. She also was an active and regular participant in picket lines (protests where the protestors try to stop people from getting into an area/place of work) at grape farms. +Protests. +Besides helping manage hiring for the union, Uranday protested every day. She would get up early to strike at the grape fields. The protestors picketed (formed a picket line) against the terrible treatment of the migrant workers. Most of them were workers themselves, who were on strike (refusing to work as a form of protest). They caught the attention of both newspapers and the grape companies. They lost their jobs. For many, they and their families barely scraped by. They made a picket line near the grape fields and yelled “¡Huelga!”, which means “Strike!” Police would come and arrest them. However, they didn't let the arrests ruin their day and sang and told jokes in jail. + += = = Clara Lemlich = = = +Clara Lemlich Shavelson (March 28, 1886 - July 12, 1982) was a Jewish, Ukrainian labor activist. She helped organize the shirtwaist workers strike called the "Uprising of 20,000." +Early life. +Clara Lemlich was born on March 28, 1886 in Gorodok, Ukraine. Lemlich’s parents were very religious Jews, which brought Clara into some tough situations later in life. In her early life Lemlich experienced many occurrences of Anti-Jew violence, as well as lack of education opportunities just because of her religion and gender. After being denied admission to a public school in Gorodok because she was Jewish, her parents banned her from reading, listening, or seeing anything Russian. Even though she had these restrictions, Lemlich continued to read these Russian books and continued to educate herself. +As a child Lemlich experienced the many struggles of people living under the Russian Monarchy. Lemlich and her family fled Ukraine in 1903, and they worked very hard to find jobs and a new home. Many immigrants had a hard time finding jobs and having money, so many just joined the manufacturing workforce. Lemlich worked to make shirtwaists in unbelievable conditions with a very low wage. Shocked by this sexist environment, Lemlich joined the Uprising of 20,000 (also known as The New York shirtwaist strike of 1909), a strike against sexism in the workplace, horrible working conditions, unfair pay and hours, and much more. She continued to inspire many people, becoming a very important women's suffrage activist. +In 1905, her family decided to move to The United States of America, specifically New York City. Lemlich decided she would be a passionate and fiery socialist with many opinions. Once in the states, Lemlich followed in the path of many other immigrants in need of work and joined a shirt and dress factory. Lemlich was very appalled by the horrid conditions of that factory and wrote about how the conditions for Men and Women were completely different, and the women were always given the worse option. She wrote about how the wage gap was insanely unfair, how the better work stations were given to men, and how the hours she worked and the amount she got paid were completely unfair. Lemlich decided to lead a strike, called The Uprising of 20,000 (or The New York shirtwaist strike of 1909) to strike against unbelievable unfair situations in the workplace. +After this very well known strike, Lemlich became very well known. This led to many people having very mixed feelings about her. Although she did receive some hate because of her opinions, it never stopped Lemlich from doing what she believed was right. She continued being a socialist, and fought for many other important things, as well as helping to found and sustain the Wage Earner's League for Woman Suffrage. +In 1913, Lemlich married printer's union activist Joe Shavelson, and proceeded to have 3 kids. In 1926, Lemlich joined the Communist Party USA, where she worked to create The United Council of Working Class Housewives, helping organize people and getting funding for many more strikes yet to come. Through the age of 58 Lemlich continued to speak at protests and strikes, about many topics including Women's Suffrage and Nuclear Weapons. +Recognition. +After retiring from the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU), was awarded two honorary stipends by ILGWU president David Dubinsky. + += = = Byllye Avery = = = +Byllye Yvonne Avery (born October 20, 1937) is an American health activist who centers her efforts on low income African American women. She builds through self-help groups and support networks. Avery is one of the co-founders of the Gainesville (Florida) Women's Health Center and Birthplace, and another birth center also in Gainesville. In 1983 she founded the National Black Women's Heath Project (NBWHP). The organization grew to reach over 22 states and six foreign countries. She made the first Center for Black Women's Wellness, and made the first documentary by African American women on their experiences on reproduction and sexuality. In 2008 she received to Ruth Bader Ginsburg Award for Pioneers in Women's Rights. In January 2009 she became a community host for the first expert-guided online health and wellness network, BeWell.com. + += = = Marii Hasegawa = = = +Marii Kyogoku Hasegawa (September 17, 1918 to July 1, 2012) was a Japanese woman who was passionate about peace and justice. Hasegawa worked with an organization called the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom because she was significantly impacted by her experiences at the Japanese internment camp and the use of atomic bombs in Japan. +Early life. +Hasegawa was educated in California. She graduated from the University of California at Berkeley in 1938 and got a degree in home economics. +Work. +At the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom organization, she was a national board member and the President of the organization from 1971 to 1975.A documentary about Marii's life first opened in 2012 called "Gentle Woman of a Dangerous Kind." She traveled to Tokyo in 1996 to receive the Niwano Peace Prize which is awarded to people who have contributed to world peace. + += = = Broncho Billy Anderson = = = +Gilbert M. "Broncho Billy" Anderson (born Maxwell Henry Aronson; March 21, 1880 – January 20, 1971) was an American actor, writer, director, and movie producer. He was the first star of the Western movie genre. He was a founder and star for Essanay studios. In 1958, he received an Honorary Academy Award. + += = = Jack Rutherford (cricketer) = = = +John Walter Rutherford (25 September 1929 – 21 April 2022) was an Australian cricketer. He played in one Test match in 1956. Rutherford was the first player from the Western Australia cricket team to be picked for a senior cricket tour and the first to win a Test cap for Australia. He was born in Bruce Rock, Western Australia. +Rutherford died on 21 April 2022, at the age of 92. + += = = Renate Holm = = = +Renate Holm (10 August 1931 – 21 April 2022) was a German-Austrian actress and operatic soprano. Holm was born in Berlin, Branderburg, Prussia, Germany. She performed with Vienna State Opera. +Holm died in Vienna, Austria on 21 April 2022 at age 90. + += = = Anna Maria Alberghetti = = = +Anna Maria Alberghetti (; born May 15, 1936) is an Italian-American actress and soprano. Her career began in 1942. She won a Tony Award in 1962 for her performance in "Carnival!". She appeared on "The Ed Sullivan Show" more than 50 times. +Alberghetti was born in Pesaro, Italy. She was married to Claudio Guzmán from 1964 until they divorced in 1974. They had two children. +Alberghetti was a child prodigy. At age six, she sang in a concert on the Isle of Rhodes with a 100-piece orchestra. She performed at Carnegie Hall in New York at the age of 13. +Alberghetti became a U.S. citizen in 1961. Her sister is singer Carla Alberghetti. + += = = Carla Alberghetti = = = +Carla Alberghetti (born 24 June 1939) is an Italian actress and soprano singer. Alberghetti made her singing debut at the Hollywood Bowl with the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra in 1955. In 1960 she appeared in a touring production of the musical "Kismet". +Alberghetti played Lili in "Carnival" from her older sister, Anna Maria Alberghetti. She made guest appearances on "The Ed Sullivan Show", "Tonight Starring Jack Paar" and "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson". + += = = Franklin Pangborn = = = +Franklin Pangborn (January 23, 1889 – July 20, 1958) was an American comedic actor. He was known for his roles in "International House", "The Bank Dick", and "Never Give a Sucker an Even Break". He was secretly gay. + += = = Egghead (DC Comics) = = = +Egghead is a fictional character created for the 1960s "Batman" television series where he was played by Vincent Price. The character was known his pale bald head and white and yellow suit. He calls himself "the world's smartest criminal", and his crimes are usually related to eggs. He also includes egg-related puns in his speech. He also has egg-shaped weapons, such as laughing gas eggs and tear gas eggs. + += = = Victor Buono = = = +Victor Charles Buono (February 3, 1938January 1, 1982) was an American actor, comedian and recording artist. He was known for playing the villain King Tut in the television series "Batman" (1966–1968) and musician Edwin Flagg in "What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?" (1962), for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. He was secretly gay. +Buono died on January 1, 1982 in Apple Valley, California of a heart attack, aged 43. + += = = Jean de Sismondi = = = +Jean Charles Léonard de Sismondi (also known as Jean Charles Leonard Simonde de Sismondi) (; 9 May 1773 – 25 June 1842), was a Swiss historian and political economist. +Works. +Sismondi is best known for his works on French and Italian history, and his economic ideas. His goals were to promote unemployment insurance, sickness benefits, a progressive tax, regulation of working hours, and a pension scheme. He was also the first to use the term "proletariat" to describe the working class created under capitalism. + += = = Scinax haddadorum = = = +Scinax haddadorum is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scienitsts have only seen it in one place, in Mato Grosso. + += = = François Quesnay = = = + François Quesnay (; 4 June 1694 – 16 December 1774) was a French economist and physician of the Physiocratic school. + += = = Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein = = = +Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein, known as the "Goethe Tischbein" (15 February 1751 in Haina – 26 February 1829 in Eutin), was a German painter. He was from the from the Tischbein family of artists. +After 1808, he worked for Grand Duke Peter I. He lived in Eutin until he died. His autobiography, "Aus meinem Leben", was not published until 1861. It has been not reissued since. + += = = Benice (Prague) = = = +Benice is a municipal district and cadastral area in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. + += = = World Games sports = = = +The World Games sports are all of the sports that are played during The World Games. +Sports. +Disciplines from the same sport have the same color. +Past TWG sports and disciplines. +These sports were played at previous World Games, but are not played anymore. +The following sports were part of The World Games in the past. However, they are now official events at the Olympics. + += = = The Warrens of Virginia (1915 movie) = = = +The Warrens of Virginia is a 1915 American Civil War drama movie directed by Cecil B. DeMille and is the first version of the 1907 play of the same name by William C. de Mille. It stars Blanche Sweet, James Neill, House Peters, Dick La Reno, Mildred Harris, Raymond Hatton, Mabel Van Buren and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Scinax crospedospilus = = = +The Campo Belo snouted tree frog ("Scinax crospedospilus") is a frog that lives in Brazil. It lives in the mountains in Rio de Janiero, São Paulo, and Minas Gerias. + += = = Regine Velasquez = = = +Regina Encarnacion Ansong Velasquez ( ; born April 22, 1970) is a Filipino singer, actress, and record producer. She is seen as a cultural icon in the Philippines. She became known after winning the television talent show "Ang Bagong Kampeon" in 1984 and the Asia Pacific Singing Contest in 1989. +Velasquez also appeared on television shows such as "Forever in My Heart" (2004), "Ako si Kim Samsoon" (2008), "Totoy Bato" (2009), "Diva" (2010), "I Heart You, Pare!" (2011), and "Poor Señorita" (2016). She was a judge on "StarStruck" (2015) and "Idol Philippines" (2019). +Regina Encarnacion Ansong Velasquez was born on April 22, 1970, in Manila. + += = = Cynthia Plaster Caster = = = +Cynthia Plaster Caster (born Cynthia Albritton, May 24, 1947 – April 21, 2022) was an American artist and "recovering groupie". She was known for creating plaster casts of famous persons' erect penises. In 2000 she added casting female artists' breasts. Albritton was born in Chicago. She was an unsuccessful candidate for Mayor of Chicago in the 2011 election. +Albritton died on April 21, 2022 from a long-illness in Chicago, aged 74. + += = = 4A Games = = = +4A Games Limited is a Ukrainian-Maltese video game developer based in Sliema, Malta. The company was founded in Kyiv, Ukraine. The company is best known for making the "Metro" video game series. + += = = Metro Exodus = = = +Metro Exodus is a horror first-person shooter video game developed by 4A Games and published by Deep Silver. + += = = Évora District = = = +Évora District ( is located in Alentejo, in southern Portugal. The district capital is the city of Évora. +Municipalities. +The district has 14 municipalities: + += = = Arraiolos = = = +Arraiolos () is a municipality in Évora District in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 7,363, in an area of 683.75 km2. + += = = 2022 East Timorese presidential election = = = +Presidential elections were held in East Timor on 19 March 2022. Incumbent Francisco Guterres is running for a second term. None of the presidential nominees gotten at least 50% of the votes, so a runoff election was held on 19 April 2022, between the top two candidates, José Ramos-Horta and Guterres. Ramos-Horta won the runoff with 62% of the total votes cast. + += = = Fretilin = = = +The Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor (, Fretilin) is a centre-left political party in East Timor. They hold 23 of 65 seats in the National Parliament. + += = = Abdi Pasha the Albanian = = = +Abdurrahman Abdi Pasha the Albanian (; 1616–1686) was an Ottoman politician and military leader of Albanian descent, he was the last governor of the province of Budin in Hungary. + += = = Tori Tsui = = = +Tori Tsui is a climate activist and mental health lawyer. She is from Hong Kong. She lives in Bristol in England. +Early life and education. +Tsui was born and grew in Hongkong. +She completed her graduation in 2015 as Master of Research in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation at Imperial College London. It built the foundation of Climate Science and its sustainability. One year after her graduation, Tsui moved to Bristol. She learned about natural history documentary industry. +Activism movement. +Tsui's participation as a part of extinction rebellion was for making short movies. The movies are about how climate change affects particular species. The movies are made for Extinction Rebellion's social media. This led her to be called by creative director of Stella McCartney to be part of their campaign. In April 2019, two girls from the campaign's team met her in Extinction Rebellion's event in London. She was interviewed by them about her involvement in Climate activism. She became a part of the advertising campaign named ‘Agents of Change’ as one of activist. Examples include Jane Goddall, Deya Ward and Ruby Munslow. The campaigns are also accompanied by models like Amber Valletta, Chu Wong, Trinity Hill and Chloe Pearson. +Her connection with McCartney doesn't end there as Mccartney also helped Tsui in a project called "Sail To The COP". It was a think tank approach to 36 European ethnicities to sail through Atlantic Ocean. The purpose was to attend "2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference" in Santiago, Chile. + += = = Attje Kuiken = = = +Attje Harma Kuiken (born 27 October 1977) is a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA). +Kuiken was born in Groningen and worked at the Ministry of Internal Affairs. She has been an MP since 30 November 2006 (except from January to May 2010). She succeeded Lilianne Ploumen as parliamentary group leader on 22 April 2022. + += = = Sophia Li = = = +Sophia Li is a Chinese-American journalist, movie director and enviromental lawyer. She lives in Brooklyn and Upstate New York. +Early life and education. +Sophia Li was born in Minnesota, United States. She lived in province of Shandong, China for two years. After that, she came to Minnesota before her pre-school. She completed her graduation in 2013 from Virginia Commonwealth University with a Bachelor of Arts. She graduated from the Department of Fashion Design and Merchandising. +Career. +She works as an "entertainment media editor" in for 4 years until 2017. After that, she went to freelance. She became a co-founder of a television show on climate change named "All of the Above". Her business partner was Céline Semaan Vernon. Their show was aired on YouTube and its respective website. They met in an event of HER. Li became a co-host with Babba Riveira and Semaan as the guest. At the same time, Li was also invited to become a board member of Slow Factory Foundation. Besides being a member of Slow Factory, Li was also a board member of Better Shelter. +She also hosted a podcast called "Climate talks" in Meta Platforms. +Honours. +Li was named as one of the 16 climate influencers to watch in 2022 by "Harvard Medical School Center for Health and the Global Environment". It was partnered with Pique Action. + += = = Ridhima Pandey = = = +Ridhima Pandey is an Indian environmental activist from India. She works for actions against climate change. She has been favoured to Greta Thunberg. During the age of 9 years, she filed against the Indian Government a case for not taking enough steps to fight for climate changes. She was also one of the people who complained cases to the United Nations. She is one of the several young climate activists. She stands against several nations' failure to take actions against the climate crisis. +Background. +Pandey lives in Haridwar, Uttarakhand. Her father is Dinesh Pandey. Her father works in Wildlife Trust India. Her father is also a climate activist and has worked in Uttarakhand in this capacity for 16 years. Her mother is Vinita Pandey. Her mother works for Forest Department of Uttarakhand. +Her interest in climate change started when her home has been affected by severe weather over the past three years. In 2013, over 1000 people died in cause of "2013 North India floods" and landslides. These also made her fell interested in these topics. Almost 100, 000 people had to be taken out from the disaster region. According to the World Bank, climate change is likely to increase pressure on the water supply in India. +Climate activism. +Legal actions against the Indian Government. +At age of nine, Pandey filed a case against the Indian Government. Her case was based on the lack of the steps taken against climate change. Such steps had been agreed in the Paris Agreement. This court case was presented in the (NGT). Pandey also asked the Government to prepare a plan to reduce carbon emissions. She also asked about a nationwide plan to control the impacts of climate change. +In an interview with , Pandey said:“My Government has failed to take steps to regulate and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which are causing extreme climate conditions. This will impact both me and future generations. My country has huge potential to reduce the use of fossil fuels, and because of the Government's inaction I approached the National Green Tribunal.” +The NGT rejected her request. They said stating that it was "covered under the environment agreement assessment". +Complaint to the United Nations. +During her application for a Norwegian visa to go to , she heard about an organization for young climate activists. She went to the organization. She was selected to go to New York City for the . During the summit, on 23 September 2019, Pandey with 15 other children, complained to the . She accused Argentina, Brazil, Germany, France and Turkey for violating the "Convention on the Rights of the Child". It was because the said countries failed to explain the climate problems sufficiently. +Award. +Pandey was listed in the BBC's announced on 23 November 2020. She was also given the in 16 December 2021 in New Delhi. + += = = Splatoon 3 = = = +Splatoon 3 is a 2022 shooter game. It was developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Switch. It has many returning elements from the previous games in the series, "Splatoon" and "Splatoon 2". It was released on September 9, 2022. + += = = ABC islands (Leeward Antilles) = = = +The ABC islands is the island group of Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao in the Caribbean Sea. + += = = Marinel Sumook Ubaldo = = = +Marinel Sumook Ubaldo is a Filipinos climate activist from the Philippines. She helps to organise the first in her country. She proves as a community witness for the Philippines . It was done as a part of her checking on the responsibly helping each other of people. Besides, she was also checking whether the effects of climate change can be considered violations of Filipinos’ human rights or not. +Activism. +Ubaldo stands against the usage of the single-use plastics, the reduction of carbon emissions and in renewable energy. +In 2015, Ubaldo spoke at the . In the meeting, she said, ‘"please think about us, think about the coming generations who will suffer because you did not make decisions in time"'. Ubaldo said that fighting climate change was the ‘purpose of her life’. At the same year, she was also shown in a documentary movie directed by Christoph Schwaiger. The movie was named "Girl and Typhoons". +In October 2019, Ubaldo participated in a climate leadership training event in Yokohama, Japan. The event was established by Al Gore. She also spoke at various Japanese universities. +In one of the occasions, Ubaldo said:First World countries... [could] stop fueling climate change, and change business practices so your carbon emission could be lessened...These countries should be responsible and be held accountable. It’s so unfair for people, for nations like the Philippines, to suffer from a phenomenon that we haven’t caused. +Ubaldo says that fossil fuel companies should not be allowed to do whatever they want in name of climate change. She sahd that she was an optimistic person. Her strategies were to stand for the effects of climate change that can be developed. +Carrer. +Presently, she is working as an Advocacy Officer for Ecological Justice and Youth Engagement in Living Laudato Si’ Philippines. + += = = Kaossara Sani = = = +Kaossara Sani is a Togolese environmentalist, writer and sociologist. She lives in Lomé, Togo. She founded the "Africa Optimism". She is the co-founder as well as the Executive Director of the "Act on Sahel Movement". +Early life. +Kaossara Sani was born in Burkina Faso. Later, she came to Togo at the age of 9 years. She grew up in Lomé. She lives with her mother and two brothers. +Activism. +She founded the Africa Optimism. It is a movement that publicises the solution of climate and environmental problems with education. She is also a co-founder of "Act On Sahel Movement". It raises money to pay for seeds and fertilizer for farmers in the Sahel region of Africa. It also raises money to buy cleaning products and provide clean water and renewable energy to people. +Her works were further recognised when she sent a manifesto to the . In the document, she said that the cost for traveling to Glasgow would be better used to build a borehole to provide clean water to the people of Togo. In her statement, she also reminds the rich countries of their "broken promise" to provide $100 billion annually in climate finance for developing countries till the end of 2020. It should be continued to 2025 from 2015. She also requested the rich countries to give climate finance to the 46 least developed countries. She also requested them to invest in weather and climate change research by building weather stations. + += = = M-105 (Michigan highway) = = = +M-105 was the name of a state trunkline highway inside The Thumb in the US state of Michigan. It connected M-53 in Popple and M-83 near Elkton. M-83 is now known as M-142. The name was used in the 1920s and 1930s, and it has not been used since. +Route description. +M-105 started at an intersection with M-53 (Van Dyke Road) in the community of Popple, just before M-53 curved east towards Bad Axe. M-105 was known as Pinnebog Road. The trunkline traveled north and then northwest, and crossed the Pinnebog River. After intersecting Stein Road, M-105 turned north for about through farm country and rural areas before meeting M-83 (Pigeon Road), a few miles east of Elkton. The highway was used as a shortcut between M-53 and M-83. +History. +The M-105 first appeared on maps in 1928. The highway was decommissioned in 1939 when it was changed back to local control. The name has not been used since. + += = = Nafesha Richardson = = = +Nafesha Veronica Richardson is the founder of Spark SVG. She is a youth rights defender from . She is a member of the Commonwealth Youth Gender and Equality Network (CYGEN), a Youth Champion of the Escazú Agreement. She is also a volunteer at the Girl Guides Association. +Activism and Works. +At the age of 7, Nafesha Richardson joined the St. Vincent and the Grenadines Girl Guides Association willingly to learn and fight for the social and domestic issues. Those issues were affecting the people of . Those issues are mostly domestic and sexual violences. In May 2019, at the age of 22, Nafesha founded the "Spark " (Spark SVG). With this, she aimed to inspire, empower and motivate young people in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines to improve positive changes in the society. She attended Commonwealth Banquet in the year 2020. +She attended "Youth4Climate: Driving Ambition" held in Milan, Italy. In the event, she was a representative from on the 28th-30th of September 2021. It was a Pre-COP event organized by , Connect4Climate and , launched on June 2020. Presently, she is an active ambassador for "One Young World". + += = = Camillo Astalli = = = +Camillo Astalli (21 October 1616 – 21 December 1663) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal of Pope Innocent X who was the Cardinal Priest of San Pietro in Montorio from 1653 to 1662. + += = = Anita Soina = = = +Anita Soina is a Kenyan environmental lawyer. She is from the Maasai community. She wrote "The Green War". She founded the Spice Warriors. It is a group that stands for climate change in Kenya. +Activism. +In 2018, Soina founded the Spice Warriors. It was under the mentorship of Eric Mastsanza. It was an environmental initiative group in Nairobi. It stands for environmental sustainability in Kenya. She also attended "2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference" in November 2021. In the event, she gave her opinion about her country's National Drought emergency and flood in . +Politics. +Soina joined (UDA) as her first party. She contested on Member of Parliament position. She represented North Kajiado, Kenya in the 13th Parliament of Kenya. Later, on 24 March 2022, she left UDA to join "Green Thinking Action Party" (GTAP). She represented the same position. She moved to GTAP because the party decided to remove nomination fee for women aspirant who join the election in the party. + += = = Xenoblade Chronicles = = = +Xenoblade Chronicles is a series of role-playing games developed by Monolith-Soft and published by Nintendo. There are 4 entries in the series. + += = = Xenoblade Chronicles (video game) = = = +Xenoblade Chronicles is a 2010 role-playing game developed by Monolith-Soft, and published by Nintendo. + += = = Ayisha Siddiqa = = = +Ayisha Siddiqa is a Pakistani environmentalist. She is from Coney Island, New York City. She is the co-founder of "Fossil Free University" and "PollutersOut!". +Activism. +Siddiqa started her works when she founded university's branch in May 2019. The organization was doing a strike on the 7th of October 2019 at Lower Manhattan, New York City. The strike was willingly joined by 300,000 people. One of her notable actions was that she doused fake blood on the "Charging Bull" in Wall Street. +In response to the "2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference", she founded "Polluters Out" with Isabella Fallahi and Helena Gualinga. The organization was created because they had realised that fossil fuel industries are playing a big part in the issues. The fossil fuel companies who funded in the event include Endesa, Iberdrola, Banco Santander and Acciona. One of the companies which was affected by this decision was . + += = = Milka Chepkorir = = = +Milka Chepkorir is an anthropologist, climate and human right activist. Her activism was further known when she represented for living around the . She stood to protect their rights from being forcefully expelled by Kenya Forest Service (KFS). +Activism. +Her activism started from her high school life. She was widely known only when she became one of fellows for "UN Human Rights Office Indigenous Fellowship Programme" in the year 2016. +Through this fellowship, she attended the 16th in New York. In the event, she reported about the lack of regulations on by the UN. She represented the Forest People's Programme, Natural Justice and 20 other organisations. She also highlighted about the violation of KFS by burning 90 homes of Sengwer people. It started when European Union and World bank started funding them. +Career. +Currently, she is working as a Coordinator of "Community Land Action NOW!" (CLAN). She is also working as a Coordinator for "Defending Territories of Life". Besides these, she is also an advisor for Agroecology fund. + += = = Locke & Key = = = +Locke & Key is an American fantasy horror drama television series ,based on the Locke & Key comic-book series by Joe Hill and Gabriel Rodríguez. It was released on Netflix on February 7, 2020. The series stars Darby Stanchfield, Connor Jessup, Emilia Jones, Jackson Robert Scott, Laysla De Oliveira, Petrice Jones, and Griffin Gluck. +In March 2020, Netflix announced that the series had been renewed for a second season which premiered on October 22, 2021. In December 2020, the series was renewed for a third season which is set to be released in 2022. + += = = François de Vendôme, duc de Beaufort = = = +François de Vendôme, duc de Beaufort (16 January 1616 – 25 June 1669) was the son of César, Duke of Vendôme, and Françoise de Lorraine. + += = = Monika Sadkowska = = = +Monika Emilia Sadkowska is a Polish climate activist, culture expert and actress. She is also a Coordinator of Secretariat for "Forum of Mayors for Just Transition". It is a project from of Poland. She is the co-organizer of "Climate Camp" in Świętno. +Activism. +Her activism started when she knew about "Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement" with "Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership". She was also influenced by "The geopolitics of Hunger book" by Jean Ziegler. +She is also a co-organizer of first in Poland. It happened in July 2018 on . The event was joined by around 400 people. She also created "Climate Choir" in 2020 with Aleksandra Gryka. The Climate Choir has organized a meeting on the 18 September 2020. +Career. +Before becoming an activist, Sadkowska was a vocalist for Żywiołak from 2008 to 2011. Monika was replaced by Izabella Byra on 2008. It was when she was on "maternity leave". Currently, she is working in "WWF Poland" as a coordinator of "Secretariat of the Forum of Mayors for Just Transition". "Forum of Mayors for Just Transition" is a place where mayors exchange information and experience about the process of their town. The process was for leaving coal as a source of energy. + += = = Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor = = = +Ferdinand I (; 10 March 1503 – 25 July 1564) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1556, King of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia from 1526, and Archduke of Austria from 1521 to 1564. + += = = Royal Garden of Prague Castle = = = +The Royal Garden () is an Italian Renaissance garden in Prague Castle. It was created in 1534 based on the project by Emperor Ferdinand I of Habsburg. + += = = St. Vitus Cathedral = = = +The Metropolitan Cathedral of Saints Vitus, Wenceslaus and Adalbert () is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. + += = = Tishiko King = = = +Tishiko King is a campaign director in the . She took part in the "2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference" (COP26) in Glasgow. She also represented the Torres Strait island organization named "Our Islands Our Home". She is originally from Yorke Island in the Torres Strait Islands of Australia. +Career and activism. +King studied ocean science at "Griffith University" in South East Queensland. It was possible with the financial help from . It was the Australian agency responsible for scientific research. She then worked as an indigenous communication officer with a bauxite mining company in Weipa, on the Cape York Peninsula in Queensland. She then became the campaign director at "Seed Indigenous Youth Climate Network". She also works as a volunteer impact coordinator with "Environmental Film Festival Australia". She is also a community organizer for "Our Islands, Our Home". +King represented "Seed Indigenous Youth Climate Network" and "Our Islands, Our Home" at the COP26 meeting in Glasgow in November 2021. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, she was one of relatively few Australians to participate in the event. She first got awareness of the impact of climate change when she saw the impact of sea erosion on the graveyard of her ancestors on Masig Island. There was a picking up of their bones for reburial. There was also disappearance of the fishes from traditional fishing grounds. She declared the federal government of Australia as unfit. It was because of the failure to make indigenous people reach net zero emissions by 2050. + += = = Mokry Dwór, Pomeranian Voivodeship = = = +Mokry Dwór (; ) is a village. It is in the district of Gmina Pruszcz Gdański in Gdańsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is about north-east of Pruszcz Gdański. It is south-east of Gdańsk, the regional capital. +The village has a population of 218. + += = = Nicole Becker = = = +Nicole "Nicki" Becker is a climate activist from Argentina. She is one of the founders from Jóvenes por el Clima, which is a part of 's movement. She became youth champion for . She is also a "Sanitation and Water for All" (SWA) champion in the year 2021. +Activism. +Right from the age of 8 years, she joined "Habonim Dror" and also a part of "Ni una menos". Her enviromental activism started during February of 2019. It was when she saw a video on Instagram of young people doing climate march in Europe. "Cause of the first International March for the Climate Crisis" was held on 15th of March, 2019. On the day, Becker, and other friends founded Jóvenes por el Clima. It is a part of on the end of February of 2019. After that, they arranged the march on Argentina. It was joined by 5,000 people. The organisation was pushing Argentinan authorities to do "Climate and Ecological Emergency Declaration". The government finally declared on the 17th of July, 2019. In 2019, she received a grant to attend the UN Climate Conference in Madrid on behalf of the Argentine youth. She represented as a part of "UnaSolaGeneración campaign" on by UNICEF and America Solidaria. She promoted climate change to youth around Latin America and the Caribbean during COVID-19 pandemic. +Honour. +On 10 March 2020, the honored her a special distinction because of her contributions to social actions. She was given a diploma and a medal with 21 other women. + += = = Bohnice = = = +Bohnice () is a district in the north of Prague, capital of the Czech Republic. It is located in Prague 8, about 5 km north of city centre. + += = = Třebonice = = = +Třebonice is a district of Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. It is part of the "Prague 5" administrative district, and the local government districts of "Prague 13" and "Prague 17". +The area is 4.58 km2, the population is 461 and the population density is 101 inhabitants / km2. + += = = House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha = = = +The House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha is a term used to describe the royal house of the Kingdom of Portugal until the declaration of the republic in 1910. Its name came from King Ferdinand II of Portugal (House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry) and Queen Maria II of Portugal (House of Braganza). + += = = Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim = = = +Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim is a Chadian environmental activist and geographer. She is the Coordinator of the "Association of Peul Women and Autochthonous Peoples of Chad" (AFPAT). She served as the co-director of the "World Indigenous Peoples’ Initiative and Pavilion" at COP21, COP22 and COP23. +Activism and Works. +Ibrahim is working on behalf of her people, the Mbororo in Chad. She was educated in Chad's capital city of N'Djamena. She spent her holidays with the indigenous Mbororo people. These people are traditionally nomadic farmers, herding and tending cattle. During her educational courses, she got aware of the discrimination against an indigenous woman. She discovered that her Mbororo people were excluded from the educational opportunities. In 1999, she founded the "Association of Indigenous Peul Women and Peoples of Chad" (AFPAT). It was a community-based organization. It promoted the rights of girls and women in the Mbororo community. It inspired leadership and works in environmental protection. The organization received its operating permission in 2005. Since then, it participated in international negotiations on climate, sustainable development, biodiversity and environmental protection. + += = = LAMP (software bundle) = = = +LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP/Perl/Python) is an acronym that was used for one of the most common software stacks for many of the web's most popular web applications. As of 2022, LAMP refers to a generic software stack. The software used to make up the group is largely interchangeable. + += = = House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry = = = +The House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry is the Catholic cadet branch of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Some of its descendants were the last four kings of Portugal (Pedro V, Luís I, Carlos I, Manuel II) and the last three Tsars of Bulgaria (Ferdinand I, Boris III, Simeon II). + += = = Sara Cognuck = = = +Sara Cognuck González is a Costa Rican climate activist. +Early life. +Growing up in the middle of the forests in Peñas Blancas in the Esparza canton, Cognuck developed a connection with nature. This prompted her to work for conservation and sustainable management. She is a natural resource manager, specialising in coastal marine management. For example, she has merged her profession with her activism and has been an activist since she was 16 years old. +Activism. +Cognuck is a co-founder of "Red de Juventudes y Cambio Climático de Costa Rica" ("Network of Youth and Climate Change of Costa Rica"). She was a youth representative for Costa Rica at the "Asamblea Nacional de la Persona Joven". She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the "Consejo de la Persona Joven" (Youth Council). She led environmental and climate action efforts. +In 2019, Cognuck hosted the first youth event in a PreCOP. She was a part of the team presenting the "Declaratoria Intergubernamental de Juventudes, Niñez y Cambio Climático" (Intergovernmental Declaration on Youth, Children and Climate Change) at COP25. On 3 November 2020, she was one of the speakers at "TEDx PuraVidaJoven2020". + += = = Sunishma Singh = = = +Sunishma Singh is a Fijinese climate activist and influencer. +She was 19-year-old when she was financially helped by "Miss Cal Valley Solar". She participated in the Hibiscus Festival. She credited the festival for giving her the knowledge and skills in managing her time wisely. +Activism. +Singh is from Nadroga-Navosa. She studied in the University of the South Pacific (USP). She got a Bachelor of Science in Geospatial Information Systems in 2018. She got a postgraduate degree in Climate Change in 2020. +In 2015, she worked for the use of renewable energy to reduce the impact of climate change on the economy. It was also done at the Hibiscus Festival in Suva. Singh has been a Resilience Officer for the "UN-Habitat" (United Nations Human Settlements Program) since 2019. "UN-Habitat" is working in Fiji with the "Accelerator Lab Pacific" to find solutions for the 13 informal settlements in the central and western parts of Fiji (in the municipality of Lami, Sigatoka, Nadi and Lautoka). Its purpose is to develop systems and ways to deal with with food and income for the local population living there. +Singh served as a youth environmental activist for Fiji at COP25 in Madrid in 2019. In March 2021, she was one of the speakers at the 7th Asia-Pacific Adaptation Forum (APAN). + += = = Prague Zoo = = = +Prague Zoological Garden (Czech: "Zoologická zahrada hl. m. Prahy") is a zoo in Prague, Czech Republic. In 2013, the zoo have with used for exhibits, the zoo have around 5,000 animals from 676 species. + += = = Lucy Hicks Anderson = = = +Lucy Hicks Anderson (1886–1954) was an African-American transgender woman. +Life. +She was born in Waddy, Kentucky. The doctor said she was a boy. As a child, she insisted on wearing dresses to school. Her mother took her to the doctor, the doctor suggested letting Lucy live as a girl. She changed her name to Lucy at 15, and moved away from home. She married Clarence Hicks in 1920, and she divorced him in 1929. She was a chef and a nanny. She hosted fancy parties, and won awards for her cooking. She married Reuben Anderson in 1944, and lived in Oxnard, California. She saved enough money to start a brothel and speakeasy. In 1945 an outbreak of disease was connected to her establishment. All of the people working there had to be examined by a doctor. It was discovered that Lucy was born male. Her husband Reuben Anderson and her were tried for fraud on their marriage license. Lucy had gotten money because of her marriage to a soldier which was also deemed fraud. She was one of the first African-American transgender people to defend her identity in court, she said, “I defy any doctor in the world to prove that I am not a woman. I have lived, dressed, and acted just what I am—a woman.” Lucy and her husband were put on 10 years of probation. She was not allowed to wear anything that was feminine, and her family was banned from Oxnard for 10 years. She moved with her husband to Los Angeles, where she lived until her death in 1954. + += = = Barbara Dane = = = +Barbara Dane (born Barbara Jean Spillman; May 12, 1927) is an American singer. She is known for being a fighter of civil rights, and her opposition against the Vietnam War and discrimination. +Career. +She started her singing career in jazz and blues. Dane later moved activism. She preformed at anti-war protests and marches as well as every big peace demonstration in Washington. As Barbara gained recognition she got invited onto TV shows, and opened her own clubs. In 1966, Barbara Dane became the first U.S. musician to tour post-revolutionary Cuba. She received a cultural honor in Cuba, Barbara was made an honorary member of the Union of Cuban Writers and Artists. In 1969 Barbara Jean and her husband founded Paredon Records, which is a label that was made to publish records of cultural expression, and protests as a way to preserve them. From 1970 to 1985 Dane released 50 albums that documented protest music from around the world. Paredon's music reflects civil rights, women's rights and anti-colonial movements. Barbara believed that if she saw something wrong in the world, the best thing to do was to speak up, and her way of doing that is singing in protest. + += = = Rose Schneiderman = = = +Rose Schneiderman (April 6, 1882 - August 11, 1972) was the president of the New York Women’s Trade League from 1917 to 1949. She was also the president of the National Women’s Trade Union League (WTUL) from 1926 through 1950. She was the first-ever woman elected into a labor union in national office. +She changed the American labor system and improved the lives of many American workers. In 1933, Franklin Delano Roosevelt put her on the National Labor Advisory Board. She was the only woman on the National Labor Advisory Board. She fought to include domestic workers in social security and for equal pay for female workers. Also, from 1937 to 1943 she was secretary of the New York State Department of Labor. Also, throughout the 1930s and 1940s, she worked to help Jewish refugees escape Europe during the Holocaust. Specifically, she helped relocate Jews to the United States and Palestine. Before becoming president of the New York Women’s Trade League, she was a full-time organizer for the league. She worked in the garments industry. In 1949, she began to spend time writing memoirs and speaking on radio shows. +Early life. +Schneiderman was born on April 6, 1882, in Saven, Poland. In 1990, she moved to New York City with her family, and lived on the Lower East Side of Manhattan. Her parents valued education, and she knew Yiddish, English, Hebrew, and Russian. Her father died at an early age, so she left school to support her family. She first worked at a department store, then found better paying work at a garment factory. +Career. +Jewish work and legacy. +In the later 1930's through the 1940's, Schneiderman worked to became very involved in moving European Jews to both Palestine and the United States. This worked was praised by Albert Einstein, and he is quoted saying,It must be a source of deep gratification to you to be making so important a contribution to rescuing our persecuted fellow Jews from their calamitous peril and leading them toward a better future. - Albert Einstein, 1939 +Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire. +The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire caused an outburst of anger from labor activists demanding safer work environments and better safety requirements for workplaces. In the aftermath of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, in which 146 workers died trapped in the burning building, Schneiderman presented a speechI would be a traitor to these poor burned bodies if I came here to talk good fellowship. We have tried you good people of the public - and we have found you wanting...This is not the first time girls have been burned alive in the city. Every week I must learn of the untimely death of one of my sister workers. Every year thousands of us are maimed. The life of men and women is so cheap and property is so sacred. There are so many of us for one job it matters little if 143 of us are burned to death. - Rose Schneiderman, 1909This further strengthened her role as an activist for women's labor unions. +Women's suffrage. +Schneiderman helped start the in 1911, then later toured in Ohio during 1912 during the 1912 Ohio women's suffrage vote. She also participated in a tour sponsored by the National Woman Suffrage Association. In 1917, after lots of work from Schneiderman and other suffragettes, the right to vote was given to New York Women. Her campaign and activism during World War I to stop the New York state assembly from suspending labor laws that protected women caused conservative members of the state legislature to dislike her. She was called “the Red Rose of Anarchy” by many of those conservative members. +Relationship with the Roosevelts. +Schneiderman became friends with Eleanor Roosevelt through the New York Women's Trade Union League. She often came over to dinner with the Roosevelts, and helped Roosevelt connect to the working class. Schneiderman helped Franklin Delano Roosevelt come up with labor laws. +Legacy. +The woman worker needs bread, but she needs roses too - Rose Schneiderman, 1911This quote became a representation of what Schneiderman worked for her whole career. She worked tirelessly for basic human rights, like living wages, better hours of work, and better working conditions. Roses represented the extra, but still very important things she worked for in her life. Roses would include schools, more job opportunities, enjoyment of the arts, and exercise facilities. +The phrase also became the name and lyrics of a song written by John Oppenheim and Farina Mimi, performed by Judy Collins and John Dever, among other artists. + += = = Norma Meras Swenson = = = +Norma Meras Swenson (born 1932 as Norma Meras) is an expert on health for mothers and children. She started the organization Our Bodies, Ourselves (OBOS) along with thirteen other women. It which aims to educate women about women's health including, birth control, contraceptives, and reproductive and sexual health. Swenson co-authored the organization's book "Our Bodies, Ourselves" and currently serves as the chair for their Latina Health Initiative Committee. In this position, she works with female rights activists to help solve Puerto Rico's humanitarian crisis (an event that puts many people in danger) and with groups and individual Latina people who have needed to leave their homelands. Swenson also helped lead three women-led acts: maternity care, feminist health and sexuality, and global health and human rights. During the United Nations' World Conferences on Women, Swenson was a representative for OBOS. She helped shape and create the information about reproductive and sexual health that is accessible today. +Education. +Norma Meras Swenson went to the Boston Girls' Latin Day School and graduated in the Tufts University class of 1953. +Career. +Before joining Our Bodies Ourselves (formerly called the Boston Women's Health Collective), Swenson served as the president of the International Childbirth Education Association. She is the tenth founder of OBOS. In 1970 they published a booklet called "Women and Their Bodies," which Swenson co-authored. A year later, it was republished as a book, "Our Bodies, Ourselves". For over twenty years, Swenson worked at at Harvard's T.H. Chan School of Public Health. She taught medical students about issues involving women's health and reproductive rights as well as gender. Swenson is a board member of Refugee Place, an organization located at the center of the Ebola outbreak in Liberia. The organization helps with care for mothers and children. She also co-taught the Graduate Consortium in Women's Studies at MIT. +Written works. +Swenson co-authored "Women and Their Bodies" (later "Our Bodies, Ourselves") along with the other founding members of the Boston Women's Health Collective. + += = = Miné Okubo = = = +Miné Okubo (June 27, 1912 – February 10, 2001) was an American artist during World War II. She drew over one thousand sketches of her time in the Japanese American internment camps. Many were turned into formal paintings and went on to win many prizes. Her sketches and artworks gave a lot of information about what is was like in the internment camps. +Life. +In 1912, Miné Okubo was born in 1912 in Riverside, California. Her parents were both Japanese immigrants who had entered the United States twelve years before. They worked in the St. Louis Exposition of Arts and Crafts; Okubo's mother being a calligrapher and her father was a scholar. Later, her mother raising seven children and her father became a gardener. She attended Riverside Junior College in 1931, Graduated UC Berkeley with Bachelor of Arts degree in art in 1935, and again with Master of Arts degree in art and anthropology in 1936. She won the Berthat Taussig Traveling Art Fellowship, so she was able to study art for two-years in Europe. However, with the rise of Nazi Germany and the starting of World War II, she escaped back to the States when she still had six months left on her fellowship.After Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, President Roosevelt sent Japanese American immigrants and their children to internment camps. During Okubo's time in the internment camps, she drew sketches of how life was, which included day-to-day activities such as having to share restrooms, being bored every day, and living in undesirable conditions. She made over a thousand drawings, which she compiled together into a novel called "Citizen 13660." "Citizen 13660" was published in 1946, and was the first primary source of the Japanese American internment camp experience. Miné Okubo is most known for her novel "Citizen 13660," but she was an important and prolific artist who kept drawing until her death in 2001. + += = = Katsi Cook = = = +Sherrill Elizabeth Tekatsitsiakawa “Katsi” (pronounced “Gudji”) Cook (January 4, 1952 - ) Katsi Cook is a Native American who is a part of the Native Mohawk tribe. +Life. +She is a midwife--someone who helps women give birth--and an environmental and indigenous activist. She worked at the First Environment Collaborative. There, she helped found the Akwesasne Mothers’ Milk Project in 1985. This was to help educate others (such as leaders or people of authority) on how toxic chemicals have affected the Mohawk tribe, especially mothers’ milk. Cook is also an executive director of the Spirited Aligned Organization--an organization that helps strengthen the Native community--in the early 2000s. At the Spirited Aligned Organization, she focuses on making sure that indigenous people and the organization are recognized and have a voice. She also serves as an ambassador for indigenous women's and girls’ land. In 2018, Cook partnered with the Elders Council of the Indigenous Justice Division of Ontario. This was in response to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, an organization bringing awareness to Canada’s residential schools. The Canadian government had stripped kids of their parents and their culture. As these schools tried to Christianize indigenous people, they also physically and sexually abused them. At least thousands of children never came back home after being sent to these residential schools. TRC (Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada) brings survivors and families to talk about their experiences to bring attention to the abuse against indigenous people. + += = = Velma Hopkins = = = +Velma Hopkins (February 24, 1909 – March 19, 1996) was a labor rights activist. +She was a member of Local 22 of the Food, Tobacco, Agricultural, and Allied Workers of America-CIO (FTA). During the 1940s, she helped organize and lead a labor campaign agent R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. This campaign fought for better working conditions and pay for African American workers who experienced long hours in hot working conditions while breathing in tobacco dust. Hopkins helped lead a protest that over 10,000 workers attended. Apart from that, she also helped organize a labor strike. The work she did inspired many other people such as State Sen. Earline Parmon. Parmon says she partly owns her career to Hopkins as her work not only helped people who were directly affected by R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. but also expanded to other social justice issues such as voting rights and integration. + += = = Emma Gee = = = +Emma Gee was a Chinese-American activist. She was one of the founders of the Asian American Political Alliance (AAPA). The AAPA was the first organization that used the term “Asian American” to describe themselves. Gee was also the editor of “Counterpoint: Perspectives on Asian America”, a collection of essays and thinking about and exploring Asian Americans’ experiences. + += = = Eveline Shen = = = +Eveline Shen (born 1968) is the Chinese-American director of Forward Together. After she started to lead in 1999, the organization has been in the spotlight of reproductive justice. Forward Together helps women of color, especially those in the Asian community, with their reproductive health. + += = = Helen Zia = = = +Helen Zia (Chinese: ���; 1952) is a queer Chinese American journalist, activist and author. She is an activist for both Asian American and LGBTQ+ rights. +Works. +Considered a big figure in Asian American activism, she had a huge role in getting justice for Vincent Chin. Vincent Chin was a Chinese-American. He was killed while working. +Zia has also written six books. One book she co-wrote is My Country Versus Me. Zia wrote the book with Wen Ho Lee. My Country Versus Me is about Wen Ho Lee’s unfair arrest. Another book she’s written is Asian American Dreams: The Emergence of An American People. The book is about the Asian-American population growing. Other works by her include, Last Boat Out of Shanghai, Notable Asian Americans, Asian American Studies Now and One Way or Another: Asian American Art Now. +Zia also worked as an executive editor at Ms. Magazine. Ms. Magazine is a feminist magazine. She also wrote some articles for other companies. Helen Zia also started a nonprofit with another person. The nonprofit is called American Citizens for Justice (ACP). The nonprofit helps people who’ve faced/are facing discrimination. Zia was also an expert witness on Hollingsworth v. Perry. Hollingsworth v. Perry was a Supreme court case for LGBTQ+ rights. Today, Helen Zia is married and continues to speak out. + += = = Hilda Jensen = = = +Hilda Reyes Jensen (née Reyes) was a former Brown Beret. She was a big contributor to the Chicano movement and women's rights within the movement. Jensen joined the Brown Berets when she was 14 years old. A photographer took a picture of her wearing a bandolier. The photo became the face of the Brown Beret movement. The image was put on posters, buttons, books and more things to raise funds for the Brown Berets. Because of the sexist environment of the Brown Berets, Jensen ended up leaving the it and forming a new movement with other former Brown Beret women called Las Adelitas de Aztlán. Unfortunately, violence occurred at a rally leaving many protestors dead, in the same year Las Adelitas de Aztlán fell apart. Jensen decided not to ever join an organization again because of the lives that had been lost. + += = = Sylvia Woods = = = +Sylvia Woods (March 15, 1909) was an African American labor rights activist. During the Great Depression, Woods fought for the rights of both black workers and white workers. She also fought for racial and sexual equality in the work force. She did so by organizing sit-down strikes and other protests at the laundry she worked at. Woods was one of the organizers of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). She helped to establish United Autoworkers local (UAW) in Bendix. Because of her efforts, the local UAW passed rules to stop discrimination based on sex. Woods was also one of the organizers of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). Woods was also the chair of the Chicago Committee to Free Angela Davis. Angela Davis was an African American politician who was in prison for crimes she didn't commit. +Early life. +Sylvia Woods was born in New Orleans. Some of her views on life and labor rights were inspired by her father, a follower of Marcus Garvey and a military trade unionist. When Woods was 16, she moved to Chicago to find work. Due to the Great Depression, jobs were hard to get. Woods still managed to get a job at the Great Western Laundry on the Near West Side. Later on, she would stage her first strike at the laundry. + += = = New Zealand bellbird = = = +The New Zealand bellbird ("Anthornis melanura"), also known by its Māori names korimako and makomako, is a genus of passerine bird. It is from New Zealand. It is green and the only species in its genus, "Anthornis" that is not extinct. + += = = Blueprint for Robbery = = = +Blueprint for Robbery is a 1961 American crime movie directed by Jerry Hooper and starring J. Pat O'Reilly, Robert J. Wilke, Robert Gist, Henry Corden, Tom Duggan, Joe Conley, Marion Ross. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Easy Come, Easy Go (1947 movie) = = = +Easy Come, Easy Go is a 1947 American drama movie. John Farrow directed it. Barry Fitzgerald, Sonny Tufts, Diana Lynn, Dick Foran, Frank McHugh, Allen Jenkins, Arthur Shields, Frank Faylen, and Ida Moore acted in it. Paramount Pictures distributed it. + += = = Zeinab Mokalled = = = +Zeinab Mokalled () alias Mahmoud Makled Noureddine alias Mrs. Umm Nasser is a Lebanese educator, environmental activist and human rights defender. +Activism. +At the beginning of the 70s, the first civil society was established in the village of Arabsalim. It was under the name of "The Working Women's Association". As a result of the exacerbation of the garbage problem in the village, it reached its climax in 1995. It was with the state’s neglect of it under the complex political circumstances. Mokalled and a number of village women decided to solve this problem by establishing the “Arabsalim Women Gathering” association. The association later turned into “Nida al-Ard". It was registered as a civil organization in 1998. In cooperation with the volunteers and her friend Khadija Farhat, who bought an old truck, they collected wastes from the village's homes for $40 per year from each contributor. Then, they sort the recyclable wastes into a simulated home garden. The reason for success of the garbage recycling project managed by Mokalled was that the village was not affected by the waste problems in Lebanon that occurred in 2015. Before her retirement in 2000, Mokalled established a public library at Nabatiyeh High School for Girls. + += = = Lina Al-Tarawneh = = = +Lina Nayel Al-Tarawneh () is a Jordanian-Qatari climate activist. +Activism. +Lina Al-Tarawneh has Jordanian nationality but she was born in Qatar. She lived in Doha and studied "medicine" at Qatar University. In 2015, she and her parents made a trip to Al Khor Island (also known as Purple Island) about 50 kilometers north of Doha. There, she saw the mangroves for the first time. She fell in love with the beautiful region. She discovered that few people in Qatar knew this region. She also saw that there was a lot of litter. So, she decided to do something about it. In October 2016, Al-Tarawneh applied and won a competition called the "Harvard Social Innovation Collaborative Global Trailblazer". The program gave five young entrepreneurs from around the world the opportunity to present their ideas at the annual "Igniting Innovation Summit on Social Entrepreneurshipat Harvard University". Together with her elder sister Dina, she founded the NGO "Green Mangroves" in 2017. After receiving a $15,000 of grant from the Ford Motor Company in 2017, she invested in the NGO. It was through the purchase of kayaks. The association organizes kayak trips with the aim of clearing litter. + += = = Juan de Fuca Plate = = = +The Juan De Fuca Plate is a small tectonic plate. It was created from the Juan de Fuca Ridge which is sinking underneath the western side of the North American Plate. +The plate is west of the American states of Washington and Oregon and the Canadian province of British Columbia. Both the plate and ridge are named after the explorer of the same name. It is the smallest tectonic plate in the world. The second smallest tectonic plate (the Scotia plate) is 6.6 times larger. + += = = Brainfuck = = = +The brainfuck programming language is an esoteric (weird and unusual) programming language. It was created by Urban Müller in 1993. It has eight instructions (commands) which operate (do things on) a tape. Instructions are done one by one, in order. The tape has multiple sections. Each section is a number. Each section is, in the beginning, zero. Brainfuck is like a Turing machine. +Examples. +If the current section is not zero, these three commands subtract one until the current section is zero. Otherwise, they leave it at zero. +These five commands first add three to the current section. Then, they subtract two from the current section. Since formula_1, these five commands are the same as "+" alone. +Derivatives. +As a result of brainfuck's fame, many derivatives (versions) of brainfuck have been created. These include Brain-Flak, pbrain, and tinyBF. Most are also Turing complete, just like brainfuck. + += = = Quebec (1951 movie) = = = +Quebec is a 1951 American historical adventure movie directed by George Templeton and starring John Drew Barrymore, Corinne Calvet, Barbara Bush, Patric Knowles, John Hoyt. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Man-Trap = = = +Man-Trap is a 1961 American crime thriller movie directed by first time director Edmond O'Brien and starring Jeffrey Hunter, David Janssen, Stella Stevens, Elaine Devry, Virginia Gregg, Hugh Sanders, Bob Crane, Perry Lopez, Frank Albertson. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Rolando Hinojosa-Smith = = = +Rolando Hinojosa (January 21, 1929 – April 19, 2022) was an American novelist, essayist and poet. He was the Ellen Clayton Garwood professor in the English Department at the University of Texas at Austin. He was born in Mercedes, Texas. He was known for his "Klail City Death Trip Series,". Hinojosa was the first Chicano author to win Premio Casa de las Américas award. +Hinojosa-Smith died on April 19, 2022 at the age of 93. + += = = Viktor Zvyahintsev = = = +Viktor Oleksandrovych Zvyahintsev (, ; 22 October 1950 – 22 April 2022) was a Ukrainian footballer. He was born in Stalino, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union. He played as a defender. He mainly played for FC Shakhtar Donetsk. His career lasted from 1968 until 1981. +Zvyahintsev played for the Soviet Union national football team thirteen times from 1975 until 1976. He won a bronze medal at the 1976 Summer Olympics. +Zvyahintsev died on 22 April 2022, aged 71. + += = = Ashish Jha = = = +Ashish Kumar Jha (born December 31, 1970) is an Indian American general internist physician and academic. He was a Dean at the Brown University School of Public Health. He was also a professor at Harvard University and a Senior Advisor at Albright Stonebridge Group. Jha's role at Brown University focuses on improving the quality and cost of health care, and on the impact of public health policy. +On March 17, 2022, US President Joe Biden announced that Jha would replace Jeffrey Zients as White House COVID-19 Response Coordinator. Jha took office on April 5, 2022. + += = = Madhubani, India = = = +Madhubani is a city in the Indian state of Bihar. The word "Madhuban" means "forest of honey". + += = = Firstborn (1984 movie) = = = +Firstborn is a 1984 American psychological drama movie directed by Michael Apted and starring Teri Garr, Peter Weller, Corey Haim, Christopher Collet, Sarah Jessica Parker, Robert Downey Jr.. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Scinax squalirostris = = = +The striped snouted tree frog ("Scinax squalirostris") is a frog that lives in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay. + += = = Nina Hillman = = = +, known professionally as Nina Hillman, is an American-Japanese actress, idol singer and model. She made her debut in the Japanese group NiziU in December of 2020. +Early life. +Hillman was born on February 27, 2005 in Seattle, Washington, United States. She was born to a Japanese mother and an American father of French descent. She is the youngest of two siblings and has an older sister. Her family moved to Japan in 2018. +Career. +While at ACT (A Contemporary Theatre), Nina starred as Trixie in "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof" (2015). Nina was the understudy for the musical theatre performance "The Secret Garden" for the role of Mary Lennox. +Nina participated in JYP Entertainment's reality survival program Nizi Project where she competed against 12 finalists to secure a spot in the label's next girl group. Coming in ninth place, she went on to join the new girl group, which was later revealed to be named NiziU. + += = = Baby It's You (movie) = = = +Baby It's You is a 1983 American romantic comedy-drama movie directed by John Sayles and starring Rosanna Arquette, Vincent Spano, Joanna Merlin, Leora Dana, Bill Raymond, Liane Curtis, Matthew Modine, Robert Downey Jr.. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = The Ice Age Adventures of Buck Wild = = = +The Ice Age Adventures of Buck Wild is a 2022 American computer animated comedy adventure film directed by John C. Donkin and produced by 20th Century Animation. It's a spin-off to the Ice Age franchise. It stars Simon Pegg reprising his role of Buck with Seann William Scott and Josh Peck being replaced with Vincent Tong and Aaron Harris as Crash and Eddie with Justina Machado and Utkarsh Ambudkar joining them voicing new characters. It focuses on Buck, Crash, Eddie and Buck's old love interest Zee trying to protect the Dinosaur World from a dwarf talking Triceratop named Orson that wants to rule the place with his Raptors. +It premiered on Disney+ on 28 January 2022. +Synopsis. +One month after the events of "" (2016), Buck is back in the Lost World and continues protecting the place from rogue dinosaurs until his old nemesis Orson, a talking dwarf Triceratop with a big brain, comes back for revenge and wants to rule the Lost World, getting ride of all mammals in it and avoiding every mammal to enter in there. Crash and Eddie, that wanted to prove theimselves and living with Buck to live an adventerous life, and his love interest and former teammate Zee found theimselves forced to help him as they must stop Orson from killing all mammals. + += = = Fantasia and Fugue in C minor, BWV 906 = = = +The Fantasia and Fugue in C minor (BWV 906) is a musical work for keyboard by Johann Sebastian Bach. It has two movements. The first movement is a fantasia. The second movement is a fugue. The fugue is not finished. The work is written in the galant style. +History. +The work is written on two autograph manuscripts. One of the manuscripts only has the fantasia. The other manuscript has the fantasia and the unfinished fugue. The Fantasia may have been written around 1728-1730. The Fugue may have been written around 1738. +Structure. +Fantasia. +The fantasia is written in the sonata form. It has hand-crossings and triplets. +Fugue. +The fugue is not finished. It ends after forty-seven bars. The fugue has hand-crossings as well. It has the most hand-crossings of any Bach fugue. + += = = Britannia Stadium = = = +The Britannia Stadium, otherwise known as the bet365 Stadium for sponsorship reasons, is an association football stadium in Stoke-on-Trent. It is the home of Stoke City F.C. + += = = The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910 movie) = = = +The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is a 1910 American silent fantasy movie directed by Otis Turner and was based on the 1900 novel of the same name by L. Frank Baum. It stars Bebe Daniels and the movie is currently in archive. + += = = Gohan = = = +Gohan is an anime and manga fictional character in the "Dragon Ball" universe. He is one of the main protagonists of the "Dragon Ball" series. Gohan is the son of Chi-Chi and Goku, the brother of Goten, the husband of Videl and the father of Pan. Gohan is a human and Saiyan hybrid. He was created by Akira Toriyama. +Gohan is also a part of movies, video games and merchandise based on the franchise. +Appearance. +Dragon Ball Z. +Gohan first appears as a normal human child. He wears a red hat that has a four star dragon ball on top of it. As a child, Gohan has a tail. Gohan wanders around the forest until he meets a tiger. The tiger steals his hat and runs away. As the tiger runs away, it becomes on a branch near a waterfall. Before Goku can save it. the tiger falls. It appears that the tiger jumped off the branch. This is a relief to Goku. +Gohan and Goku arrive at Kame house to meet Master Roshi, Krillin, Bulma and Mr. Turtle. Their celebration ended when Goku's older brother, Raditz, takes Gohan away. Goku and Piccolo form an alliance to save Gohan and defeat Raditz. He is too powerful for them to beat. Gohan does not want to see his father get hurt any further. This causes him to headbutt Raditz. The headbutt damages Raditz's armor but Gohan is knocked unconscious. +After the defeat of Raditz, Gohan was taken away by Piccolo to train for upcoming saiyan arrival. After six months of surviving in the woods, Gohan trains with Piccolo in the martial arts. +The day the saiyans arrived, Gohan and other "Dragon Ball Z" fighters were ready. After the death of Yamcha and destruction of the saibamen, the saiyan warrior Nappa fights Gohan, Tien, Piccolo, Krillin and Chiotzu .Chiotzu and Tien died. This left Gohan, Krillin and Piccolo as Earth's last defenders. + += = = Beta (finance) = = = +Beta is a financial measurement of an assets' sensitivity to a certain weight. Typically, this weight is the S&P 500. Beta uses past performance, and cannot predict future results. +Formula. +Beta is calculated by dividing the covariance of returns between the index, and the stock, to the variance for the index returns. + += = = Future Trunks = = = +Future Trunks is a fictional character of the "Dragon Bal"l franchise. He is the son of Bulma and Vegeta. Trunks is the only fighter of his timeline. +Future Trunks is mainly seen in "Dragon Ball Super". +Appearances. +Trunks was first shown as a baby when the heart virus killed Goku and the androids #18 and #17 killed most of the fighters. Trunks and his master Gohan were the only fighters that were not killed. Trunks trained to become Super Saiyan. He did this so he could fight the androids. +Trunks and Gohan decided to fight the androids but again the androids won. Gohan lost an arm in the fight. Trunks tried to transform into a Super Saiyan but he failed. Trunks tried to stop Gohan from fighting the androids alone but was knocked out by his master to keep him safe. Trunks woke up and learned that that Gohan had went to fight the androids alone. When Trunks got to the scene of the fight. he found Gohan was dead. This was what was needed for him to change into a Super Saiyan. +Three years later, Trunks prepared himself for the fight against the androids. His mother, Bulma, created a time machine that was to be used if Trunks fails. Trunks fought the androids with Super Saiyan power. He did well for a time but he eventually fails and had to escape. He returned to capsule Corp and planned to go back to the past and change it. This would also change his present time. + += = = Gardens of Versailles = = = +The Gardens of Versailles ( ) is a garden of the château of Versailles. Most of the garden is designed by landscape architect André Le Nôtre. + += = = Trunks (Dragon Ball) = = = +Trunks is a fictional character appearing in the Dragon Ball franchise. He's the son of Bulma and Vegeta. +Trunks appears as a major character in Dragon Ball Z and Dragon Ball Super. He also appears in many spinoff videogames and merchandise. + += = = Pedrie Wannenburg = = = +Pedrie Johannes Wannenburg (2 January 1981 – 22 April 2022) was a South African rugby union player. He was a flanker. He played for the South African national team from 2002 to 2007. He played for the Bulls in Super Rugby. He also played for Irish side Ulser and French teams Castres Olympique and Oyonnax. +After moving to the United States, he played for the Denver Stampede and Austin Elite / Gilgronis. He was later on the Austin Elite's coaching staff. +Wannenburg was born in Nelspruit (now Mbombela). He was married to Evette and had two children. +On 22 April 2022, Wannenburg died when his car was struck by a teenaged suspect being trailed by police during a highspeed chase in Houston, Texas, US. He was 41. + += = = Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D's = = = +Yu-Gi-Oh 5Ds,is a spin-off series of the original Yu-Gi-Oh franchise. It follows the protagonist Yusei Fudo on adventure, first to get his Stardust dragon back then many other adventures throughout the series. +Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D's composes of many song sets and was aired at the specific time. +Plot. +Yusei Fudo, tests his duel runner and his friend Riley gives him a chip. Meanwhile the world champ Jack easily beats him. + += = = Warsaw Stock Exchange = = = +The Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE), () is a stock exchange in Warsaw, Poland. It has a market capitalisation of PLN 1.05 trillion (EUR 232 billion; as of December 23, 2020). + += = = CD Projekt = = = +CD Projekt S.A. () is a Polish video game developer, publisher and distributor based in Warsaw, Poland. The company was founded in May 1994 by Marcin Iwiński and Michał Kiciński. + += = = GOG.com = = = +GOG.com (Good Old Games) is a digital distribution platform for video games and movies. It is owned by CD Projekt based in Warsaw, Poland. GOG.com lets user download DRM-free video games through its platform for Microsoft Windows, macOS and Linux. + += = = Max Fincham = = = +Max Fincham (born 28 June 2004 in London, England) is an English actor. He is known for playing Isaac Mensah in the BBC One drama miniseries "Dark Money", Thomas in the American television series "The Alienist", Young Tim Goodman in "" and for voicing the title character in the animated series "Ricky Zoom". In 2021, he began playing Jerome Hall in the Apple TV science fiction series "Invasion". + += = = Nadiad = = = +Nadiad is a city in the state of Gujarat, India. It is also the administrative center of the Kheda district. The city is managed by the Nadiad municipal corporation. It is known for the santram mandir, the mai mandir, the historic swaminarayana temple built in 1824, and the anand and hari om ashram. + += = = Red Dead Redemption 2 = = = +Red Dead Redemption 2 is an American +Western themed video game. It is part of the "Red Dead" series and a prequel to "Red Dead Redemption". +It was released on October 26, 2018. + += = = Michigan State Trunkline Highway System = = = +The State Trunkline Highway System is all the state highways in Michigan. The system is controlled by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT). + += = = Go, Diego, Go! = = = +Go, Diego, Go! is an American animated educational interactive children's television series that premiered on Nickelodeon on September 6, 2005 in the United States. It is a spin-off of "Dora the Explorer", as both were created and executive produced by Chris Gifford and Valerie Walsh Valdes, and follows Dora's cousin Diego, an 8-year-old boy whose adventures frequently involve rescuing animals and protecting their environment. +The series aired for five seasons consisting of 80 episodes in total premiered in primetime on Nickelodeon on Tuesday, September 6, 2005 at 8:00 p.m. The show aired in reruns on "Nick on CBS" for 11 months and 3 weeks from September 17, 2005 to September 9, 2006. +Plot. +The show features an eight-year-old boy named Diego (voiced by Jake T. Austin, Seasons 1-3; Matt Hunter, Season 4; Brandon Zambrano, Season 5), who helps animals in danger, mainly in the rainforest. His cousin is Dora (voiced by Kathleen Herles) from "Dora the Explorer", as revealed in multiple episodes. Diego was first introduced in an episode of "Dora the Explorer" entitled "Meet Diego!" (originally voiced by brothers Andres and Felipe Dieppa). Dora makes several appearances throughout the series, usually without Boots by her side. + += = = Harashim = = = +Harashim (, ) is a village in northern Israel. +Location. +This place is located in the Upper Galilee region to the north of Karmiel. It falls under the jurisdiction of Misgav Regional Council in the Northern District. In it had a population of . Its elevation is . Harashim is the wettest settlement in Israel. +History. +The village was established in 1980. It was made as part of the Galilee plan to encourage Jewish settlement in the region. Its name comes from nearby Tel Harashim, an Iron Age Jewish village where it is believed the inhabitants worked as blacksmiths. +Climate. +Harashim has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: "Csa") with hot, dry summers and cool, rainy and occasionally snowy winters. The village receives of precipitation per year. Summers are rainless and hot with an average high temperature of and an average low temperature of . Winters are cool and wet, and precipitation is occasionally in the form of snow. Winters have an average high temperature of and an average low temperature of . Harashim is the wettest inhabited place in Israel. + += = = Audubon, Minnesota = = = +Audubon is a city in Becker County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Callaway, Minnesota = = = +Callaway is a city in Becker County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Frazee, Minnesota = = = +Frazee is a city in Becker County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Lake Park, Minnesota = = = +Lake Park is a city in Becker County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Ogema, Minnesota = = = +Ogema is a city in Becker County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Wolf Lake, Minnesota = = = +Wolf Lake is a city in Becker County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Funkley, Minnesota = = = +Funkley is a city in Beltrami County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Kelliher, Minnesota = = = +Kelliher is a city in Beltrami County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Solway, Minnesota = = = +Solway is a city in Beltrami County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Tenstrike, Minnesota = = = +Tenstrike is a city in Beltrami County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Turtle River, Minnesota = = = +Turtle River is a city in Beltrami County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Wilton, Minnesota = = = +Wilton is a city in Beltrami County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Gilman, Minnesota = = = +Gilman is a city in Benton County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Rice, Minnesota = = = +Rice is a city in Benton County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Sauk Rapids, Minnesota = = = +Sauk Rapids is a city in Benton County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Apple Valley, Minnesota = = = +Apple Valley is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. It is home of the state-owned Minnesota Zoo. + += = = Burnsville, Minnesota = = = +Burnsville is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Coates, Minnesota = = = +Coates is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Farmington, Minnesota = = = +Farmington is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Hampton, Minnesota = = = +Hampton is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota = = = +Inver Grove Heights is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Lakeville, Minnesota = = = +Lakeville is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Lilydale, Minnesota = = = +Lilydale is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Mendota, Minnesota = = = +Mendota is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Mendota Heights, Minnesota = = = +Mendota Heights is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Miesville, Minnesota = = = +Miesville is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = New Trier, Minnesota = = = +New Trier is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Randolph, Minnesota = = = +Randolph is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Rosemount, Minnesota = = = +Rosemount is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = South St. Paul, Minnesota = = = +South St. Paul is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Sunfish Lake, Minnesota = = = +Sunfish Lake is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Vermillion, Minnesota = = = +Vermillion is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = West St. Paul, Minnesota = = = +West St. Paul is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Golden Triangle (Mississippi) = = = +The Golden Triangle (GTR) is a region in the east central portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The "triangle" is formed by the cities of Columbus, Starkville, and West Point but the region is often more broadly-defined to include all of Clay, Lowndes, and Oktibbeha counties and sometimes additional surrounding communities and counties as well. + += = = Basilica of Our Lady Help of Christians, Turin = = = +The Basilica of Our Lady Help of Christians () is a church in Turin, Italy. + += = = Brewster's Millions (1914 movie) = = = +Brewster's Millions is a 1914 American comedy movie directed by Cecil B. DeMille and Oscar Apfel and is the first adaption of the 1902 novel of the same name by George Barr McCutcheon and the 1906 play of the same name. It stars Edward Abeles, Joseph Singleton, Sydney Deane, Dick La Reno, Monroe Salisbury and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. It is a lost movie. + += = = 2021 Fijian presidential election = = = +Indirect presidential elections were held in Fiji on 22 October 2021, in which members of parliament elected the president. +Candidates. +Wiliame Katonivere was nominated as the FijiFirst government's candidate by Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, while Teimumu Kepa was nominated by Opposition Whip Lynda Tabuya. Katonivere was able to gain the support of a majority of MPs in the first round of voting, defeating Kepa by 28 votes to 23. An opposition MP, Mosese Bulitavu of SODELPA, also voted for Katonivere. +Two former prime ministers weighed in on the appointment; Mahendra Chaudhry called on the nominees to be disqualified, citing Section 83 (1) (c) of the 2013 constitution, which requires that the holder of the office not be affiliated with any political party as Katonivere was the incumbent president of FijiFirst party, and Kepa was a member of SODELPA. Meanwhile Sitiveni Rabuka praised Katonivere's appointment, adding that it showed that the people still have respect for the chiefly system of Fiji. + += = = May Ying Chen = = = +May Ying Chen (born 1948) is a labor organizer who specializes in immigrant workers rights. For more than twenty years, she has been actively advocating for immigrant and women’s worker rights. +Early life. +Born and raised in Boston, MA, she went to Radcliffe College, receiving a BA, and UCLA attaining her MA in Education. After her graduation, she worked as a high school and adult education teacher while staying in California. +Career. +She founded a day care center that aimed on employing mainly immigrant women. Chen also taught Asian and Asian American Studies at California State University. After being inspired by the Third World Liberation movement in California from 1968-1969, Chen started her own labor movement in 1983 where she was a member in the International Ladies Garment Workers Union’s(ILGWU) and later worked on the ILGWU Immigration Project in 1984. Working on The Immigrant Project, Chen helped thousands of members apply for U.S. citizenship, sponsorship petitions on behalf of relatives, among other things. Chen began a full-time position at Local 23-25’s Education Department in 1989. She worked on numerous things like coordinating labor education programs, English and Civics classes, voter registration and political action projects and various other union and community activities for members. She also became active in other labor-related groups. She served on the Coalition of Labor Union Women’s National Executive Board from 1984 to 1993. She also participated in the Asian Labor Committee of New York City Central Labor Council and was a founding member and officer of AFL-CIO’s Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance(APALA). Up until June 2009 when she retired, Chen served as the International Vice President of UNITE HERE, manager of Local 23-25 and as Secretary of the New York Metropolitan Area Joint Board. + += = = 2018 Myanmar presidential election = = = +An indirect presidential by-election was held in Myanmar on 28 March 2018. It was after the resignation of Htin Kyaw. Members of the Assembly of the Union voted for his replacement. +The election was the first by-election presidential election held under the 2008 constitution. +Win Myint was elected president. +Electoral system. +Under the 2008 constitution, Myanmar has a President, and two Vice-Presidents. They are elected by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the national legislature. +The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw consists of two chambers, Pyithu Hluttaw, and Amyotha Hluttaw. Most seats are directly elected. But a quarter of the seats in both chambers are appointed by the Tatmadaw. +The Presidential Electoral College is made up of three committees: +Candidates. +Win Myint was nominated by the committee from Pyithu Hluttaw. He was a member of that house from the Tamwe Township. He was also the Speaker. Thaung Aye, a member of the Pyithu Hluttaw from the Pyawbwe Township, was nominated by the USDP. +The nomination election occurred on 23 March 2018. +Seven Pyithu Hluttaw seats were vacant. +Myint Swe (USDP) and Henry Van Thio (NLD) were the Vice-Presidents, and therefore became candidates. + += = = Fine art = = = +A fine art is an art for aesthetics or creativity. It has to have some sort of practical meaning. + += = = List of most expensive artworks by living artists = = = +This is a list of the most expensive pieces of art made by artists that are still alive. +The highest price for a piece of art by a living artist was for Jasper Johns's 1958 painting "Flag". It was sold privately for what is thought to be $110 million USD ($ million in dollars). +All-time. +This is a list of highest prices paid for an artist when they were living when the sale happened. +History of sales records. +This is a list of the most expensive pieces of art at the time in an auction by a living artist. + += = = Gwen Patton = = = +Gwendolyn (Gwen) M. Patton (October 14, 1943 - May 11, 2017) was an activist in the Civil Rights Movement who fought for voting rights. She grew up in Alabama and graduated from G.W. Carver High School and Tuskegee Institute, where she was the first female president of the student government association in 1965. Her many accomplishments that made her an important figure in the civil rights movements began when Patton was a student. Patton was a youth founder of the Alabama Democratic Conference in 1960 and she continued to push students to fight for social, political, and economic change. She graduated with a master's degree from Antioch University. In 1968, Patton founded the National Black Antiwar Antidraft Union, which fought against Black men being drafted in the Vietnam War. She became the director of the Southern Student Human Relations Project in the late 1960s. She also founded the National Association of Black Students in 1969. Throughout her life, Patton continued to fight for civil rights and was deeply involved in politics, specifically during Jesse Jackson’s presidential campaign in 1983-1984, when she served as a delegate. Patton then helped found the Alabama New South Coalition in 1986. She worked at Trenholm State University as the archivist for the Special Collections on Montgomery Pioneer Voting Rights Activists and retired in 2014. + += = = Valentin Sulzbacher = = = +Valentin Sulzbacher (born 11 March 2005) is an Austrian footballer. He plays as a defender for 2. Liga club FC Liefering. He also plays for the Red Bull Academy U18 team. +Carreer. +He started his career with FC Altmünster und ASKÖ Ohlsdorf. 2015 he went on to the FC Red Bull Salzburg Academy. In the 2021-22 season he played his first match for FC Liefering. His debut was on April 18th when he played in the starting team versus SV Lafnitz. In this match he also scored his first professional goal. + += = = Patrik Kovács = = = +Patrik Kovács (born 9 February 2005) is a Hungarian professional footballer. He plays as a defender for FC Liefering in the Austrian 2nd league and the Red Bull Salzburg Academy U18 team. +Career. +Kovács started his career with Gyáli Lurkó SE and Gloriett SE . 2015 he went to Ferencváros Budapest, from 2020 to 2021 he played for MTK Budapest. 2021 he went to the Red Bull Salzburg Academy. +In April 2022 he debutet for FC Liefering in the league match versus SV Lafnitz where he was in the starting team. +National team. +He played in the Hungarian U-16 and the Hungarian U-17 team. + += = = The Prince and the Pauper (1990 movie) = = = +The Prince and the Pauper is a 1990 American animated comedy action-adventure featurette. It was produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and directed by George Scribner. Featuring the voice of Wayne Allwine as Mickey Mouse, it is inspired by Mark Twain's 1881 novel of the same name. It was Disney's final use of the traditional ink-and-paint and camera process, before the CAPS digital-ink-and-paint process rendered the traditional techniques and equipment obsolete. Some objects, such as the carriage, were created on computers before being printed out on paper and photocopied onto animation cels. +Release. +The film was released on November 16, 1990, as the first animated short produced by Disney to accompany the original release of a Disney animated feature, accompanying the original release of Walt Disney Feature Animation's 29th animated feature film "The Rescuers Down Under", a sequel to the 1977 animated film, "The Rescuers". +Home media. +VHS/LaserDisc. +The short was released on VHS several times. The VHS and LaserDisc counterparts were first released on June 4, 1991 as part of the Walt Disney Mini-Classics line. On January 28, 1994, the Disney Favorite Stories line was introduced a couple of months after the discontinuation of the Mini-Classics line and that same date, "The Prince and the Pauper" was one of the first few Disney short films that returned to VHS as part of it. The Favorite Stories version was later re-released on April 21, 1995 and May 21, 1996. +DVD. +The short was later released on May 18, 2004 on "". + += = = The Squaw Man (1914 movie) = = = +The Squaw Man is a 1914 American western movie directed by Cecil B. DeMille (who also stars) and Oscar Apfel and is the first version of the 1905 play of the same name by Edwin Milton Royle. It stars Dustin Farnum, Monroe Salisbury, Lillian St. Cyr, Winifred Kingston, William Elmer, Fred Montague and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Tunstall = = = +Tunstall is a town in Stoke-upon-Trent, one of the six pottery towns. + += = = Stoke-upon-Trent = = = +Stoke-upon-Trent is commonly called just "Stoke". +Rather confusingly, it is just one of the six towns that make up the city of Stoke-on-Trent, in Staffordshire, England. +The other towns that make up Stoke-on-Trent are Hanley, Burslem, Fenton, Longton and Tunstall. + += = = Marcel Moswitzer = = = +Marcel Moswitzer (born 26 February 2005) is an Austrian professional footballer. He plays as a Midfielder for 2. Liga club Liefering. He also plays for the Red Bull Academy U18 team. +Career. +He started in the Carinthian teams of ASKÖ St. Egyden, ATUS Velden and ATUS Feistritz/Rosental . In 2019 he came to the Red Bull Salzburg Academy where he played in all youth teams. +In March 2022 he debuted for FC Liefering versus Floridsdorfer AC when he came in in the second half for Lukas Wallner. + += = = Hanley, Staffordshire = = = +Hanley is one of the six towns that make up the city of Stoke-on-Trent in Staffordshire, England. The others are Burslem, Longton, Fenton, Tunstall and Stoke-upon-Trent. +Hanley has an important city centre. It has been for a long time the commercial hub of the city of Stoke-on-Trent. It is home to the Potteries Shopping Centre and many high street chain stores. +The Pottery towns are connected by double-carriageway roads, and have the M6 motorway nearby. Hanley no longer has a train link, but the canal which carried the goods is still active. +Hanley was a centre of the 1842 Pottery Riots, and part of the 1842 General Strike. This is a reminder that coal mining was as important as pottery in the area during the 19th century. Coal fired the huge kilns in which the clay objects were baked. Indeed coal was as important to potteries as the clay itself. +Both the pottery and the coal was moved by barge along canal waterways. It is still more efficient to move heavy cargo on water than any other way. + += = = 1998 Algarve Cup = = = +The 1998 Algarve Cup was the fifth edition of the Algarve Cup. +Seventh Place. +Portugal finished bottom of their group for the fifth year in a row. But they won the match to decide seventh place on penalties after a 2–2 draw with Finland. + += = = Scinax cuspidatus = = = +The coastal lowland snouted tree frog or long-snouted tree frog ("Scinax cuspidatus") is a frog that lives in eastern Brazil. + += = = Aposthia = = = +Aposthia is a rare genetic disorder in humans. It causes a male baby who is born without a foreskin or with a very short foreskin. This is sometimes called a natural circumcision. It is very rare and a genetical family issue. + += = = Pahlavi Iran = = = +Pahlavi Iran or the Pahlavi Empire was a sovereign state until 1979 revolution. It was a monarchy, ruled by the Pahlavi Dynasty. It is the last dynasty of Iran. + += = = Rangpur, Assam = = = +Rangpur was among the few capitals of the Ahom Kingdom. The city was formed in 1707 by Swargadeo Rudra Singha. + += = = Ahom Kingdom = = = +The Ahom kingdom (/ˈɑːhɔːm/, 1228–1826) was a late medieval kingdom in the Brahmaputra Valley in Assam. It maintained its sovereignty for nearly 600 years having successfully resisted Mughal expansion in Northeast India. Established by Sukaphaa, a Tai prince from Mong Mao (present-day Yunnan Province, China), it began as a mong in the upper reaches of the Brahmaputra based on wet rice agriculture. It expanded suddenly under Suhungmung in the 16th century and became multi-ethnic in character, casting a profound effect on the political and social life of the entire Brahmaputra valley. The kingdom became weaker with the rise of the Moamoria rebellion, and subsequently fell to repeated Burmese invasions of Assam. With the defeat of the Burmese after the First Anglo-Burmese War and the Treaty of Yandabo in 1826, control of the kingdom passed into East India Company hands. + += = = Krillin = = = +Krillin is a fictional character from the Dragon Ball franchise, he's the best friend of Goku and husband of Android 18 and has a daughter named Marron. +Krillin makes an appearance in Dragon Ball, Dragon Ball Z and Dragon Ball Super and other movies and merchandise were made about him as well. +Appearance. +Krillin is munk who came to the Kame House to get special training from the Turtle hermit master Roshi. He meets his soon to be best friend but now a rival Goku. Master Roshi sends them to find him a beautiful lady then he'll train them. Krillin and Goku find who was being harassed but they save her. The girl's name was launch and was revealed to be criminal and the two man were policeman. +Master Roshi finally approves Krillin and Goku as his successors and begins the training. Krillin and Goku do many tasks like chores such as delivering milk,digging through the ground, swimming away from a deadly shark and dodging bees. After that master Roshi tells Krillin and Goku that they'll be training with shells on their back from now on. +8 months later,Krillin joins the world martial arts tournament. + += = = Mongolian spot = = = +The "Mongolian spot" is a clear bluishgrey mark on newborns back. It completely disappears at the age of 12-14 months. It is not so big as a penny in diameter. This is mainly due to the accumulation of melamine pigment in the dermis. This name was given mainly due to the fact that it was first discovered in Mongolian children. In fact, it is observed not only in people belonging to the Mongoloid race, but also in members of other races. These spots are found in 90% of Asian children. The "Mongolian spot" is also observed in the peoples of Europe. An example of this are the Roma people. + += = = Longton, Staffordshire = = = +Longton is one of the six small towns which make up the city of Stoke-on-Trent. The area is known as "the Potteries". + += = = Fenton, Staffordshire = = = +Fenton is one of the six small towns which make up the city of Stoke-on-Trent. The area is known as "the Potteries". + += = = Licypriya Kangujam = = = +Licypriya Kangujam (born 2 October 2011) is a child environmental activist from Manipur, India. She belongs to the Meitei ethnicity of Manipur. She is one of the youngest global climate activists that has addressed world leaders at the 2019 to take immediate climate actions. Licypriya has been campaigning for climate action in India since 2018. Her campaigns were to pass new laws to change India's high pollution levels. She also campaigned to make climate-change literacy mandatory in schools. +She has been called as "India's Greta Thunberg". However, she does not like the usage of this term. +Activities. +Licypriya started working against climate change in July 2018. She was inspired by the climate activist Greta Thunberg. On 21 June 2019, Licypriya started spending a week outside the Indian Parliament House to draw the attention of Prime Minister Narendra Modi to pass a climate change law in India. On 31 August 2019, Licypriya received the "World Children Peace Prize 2019". It was given by Mr. Charles Allen, Director of Partnerships of Global Peace Index – Institute of Economics & Peace (IEP), Australia. She received the award in an event organized by the Regional Alliance of Fostering Youth and Ministry of Youth Sports and Community Empowerment, Government of Maldives. She was also honored with the title "Rising Star" by the Earth Day Network, Washington, D.C., USA. +On 19 November 2019, she was given the "SDGs Ambassador Award 2019" at Chandigarh University by and , Government of India. Licypriya also received the "Global Child Prodigy Award 2020" on 3 January 2020 in New Delhi by Lieutenant Governor of Pondicherry Kiran Bedi. +On 18 February 2020, she addressed the TEDxSBSC held in University of Delhi, New Delhi, India. On 23 February 2020, she addressed the TEDxGateway held in Mumbai and received a standing ovation for her speech. She addressed TEDx talks for the six times by the time she was nine years old. + += = = Will Friedle = = = +William Alan Friedle (born August 11, 1976) is an American actor, comedian and writer. He is best known for his role as the elder brother Eric Matthews on the long-running TV series "Boy Meets World" from 1993 to 2000. More recently, he has voiced a number of animated characters such as Terry McGinnis/Batman, the title character of "Batman Beyond" and Ron Stoppable in "Kim Possible". He voiced Deadpool in "Ultimate Spider-Man" and Star-Lord in the animated version of "Guardians of the Galaxy". He also performed the voice of Doyle in "The Secret Saturday", Lion-O in the rebooted "ThunderCats" series, and Blue Beetle on "Batman: The Brave and The Bold". He has been the speaking voice of Bumblebee since the final episode of "Transformers: Prime" and has voiced the character in the movie "Transformers Prime Beast Hunters: Predacons Rising" and in the stand-alone sequel "Transformers: Robots in Disguise", as well as in "Transformers: Rescue Bots". + += = = Wil Wheaton = = = +Richard William Wheaton III (born July 29, 1972) is an American actor, blogger and writer. +He portrayed Wesley Crusher on the television series "", Geordie Lachance in the film "Stand by Me", Joey Trotta in "Toy Soldiers" and Bennett Hoenicker in "Flubber". Wheaton has also appeared in recurring voice acting roles as Aqualad in "Teen Titans", Cosmic Boy on "Legion of Super Heroes" and Mike Morningstar/Darkstar in the Ben 10 franchise's original continuity. He appeared regularly as a fictionalized version of himself on the sitcom "The Big Bang Theory" and in the roles of Fawkes on "The Guild", Colin Mason on "Leverage" and Dr. Isaac Parrish on "Eureka". Wheaton was the host and co-creator of the YouTube board game show "TableTop". He has narrated numerous audio books, including "Ready Player One" and "Ready Player Two". + += = = 2018 United States Senate elections = = = +Elections happened on November 6, 2018 to elect 35 class 1 members to the United States Senate. The winners were elected into a six-year term from January 3, 2019, to January 3, 2025. Two special senate elections were also held on the same day: one in Minnesota after Al Franken resigned and Mississippi after Thad Cochran resigned. + += = = 2022 United States Senate election in Utah = = = +The 2022 United States Senate election in Utah was held on November 8, 2022. The election was between Republican nominee Mike Lee and independent candidate Evan McMullin. Mike Lee won the election. +This was the first Senate election in Utah's history where there was no Democratic nominee. +Democratic convention. +The Utah Democratic Party state convention took place on April 23, 2022. However, as opposed to nominating Kael Weston, the only Democrat running in the convention, the party chose to support Evan McMullin's independent campaign, following encouragement from many Democrats in the state, including former Rep. Ben McAdams and Salt Lake County Mayor Jenny Wilson. +Convention vote. +The Utah Democratic Party held a state convention on April 23, 2022. At here they endorsed candidates for state offices. Supporters of Evan McMullin, led by Salt Lake County mayor Jenny Wilson, introduced a motion for the state party to forgo nominating a Democratic candidate for the U.S. Senate and to instead "join Evan McMullin’s independent coalition to beat Mike Lee". They contended that not doing so would split the anti-Lee vote in the general election. The motion was opposed by supporters of Kael Weston, the lone Democratic candidate for the seat who thus would have received the nomination had the motion failed. The delegates passed the motion by a 57%–43% margin. + += = = Michael's Gate = = = +Michael's Gate () is a city gate in Bratislava, Slovakia. + += = = Grassalkovich Palace = = = +The Grassalkovich Palace () is a palace in Bratislava and the home of the president of Slovakia. The building is a Rococo-late Baroque summer palace with a French garden. + += = = Devín Castle = = = +Devín Castle is a castle in Devín, a borough of Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia. + += = = Monte (Funchal) = = = +Monte is a civil parish in Funchal, Madeira. Local people also call it "Nossa Senhora do Monte". 6,701 people lived there in 2011. The area of Monte is 18.59 km2. + += = = Liatris = = = +Liatris, or gayfather, is a genus of flowering plants. It is in the sunflower family of the boneset tribe. It is native to North America (Canada, United States, Mexico and the Bahamas). Its most common name is blazing star. +They are perennials, meaning they grow leaves and flowers every year. They survive winter as corms. +"Liatris" species are used as food by the larvae of some butterflies and moths. The bleeding flower moth's larvae only feed on "Liatris". + += = = Louisiana State University Shreveport = = = +Louisiana State University Shreveport (LSU Shreveport or LSUS) is a public university in Shreveport, Louisiana. It is part of the Louisiana State University System. Initially, a two-year college, LSUS has expanded into a university with 21 undergraduate degree programs, a dozen master's degree programs, and more recently a Doctorate of Education (Ed.D.) in Leadership Studies. LSUS offers more than 70 extra-curricular organizations and operates Red River Radio, a public radio network based in Shreveport. The school's athletic programs, nicknamed the Pilots, are members of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) and the Red River Athletic Conference. + += = = Wangfujing station = = = +Wangfujing Station is a railway station located in Dongcheng, Beijing, It is the transfer station of Line 1 and Line 8. The station is decorated with the color yellow, the color of prosperity. +Location. +This station is located at the intersection of Wangfujing Street and Chang'an Avenue. Wangfujing Ancient Human Culture Site Museum is at the A port. +Structure. +Station Hall and Transfer. +The station hall of Wangfujing Station of Line 1 is located under East Chang'an Avenue, passing through two underground passages that cross East Chang'an Avenue.The station hall of Line 8 is located in the underground on the north side of the intersection of Wangfujing Street and East Chang'an Street, there are two transfers on the south side The passage entrance and the mural "Wangfu Ancient Charm", the station hall of Line 8 is connected to the station hall of Line 1 on the upper floor through the stairs and escalators in the transfer passage, and there is another straight elevator leading to the station hall of Line 1 in the southwest corner. . From the station hall to the platform on the southernmost side of the escalator brow wall is the mural "Century Time-honored Brand", and on the northernmost escalator brow wall is "Wangfujing Xinjie Times Xing". +Platform. +The platform of Wangfujing Station of Line 1 is located at the bottom of East Chang'an Street. It is an island-style platform. At present, Half-Height Security Gate has been installed (officially opened on July 23, 2017). Line 8 has an island-style platform at the bottom of Wangfujing Street, and Line 1 goes under the rail area. +Exit. +This subway station has 5 exits: A northeast (to Oriental Plaza), B southeast, C southwest, E3 north, F1 east, of which exits B and C are on the east and west side of Wangfujing intersection, respectively. In the passage, according to the exit of the underground passage, it is divided into B1 (northeast east), B2 (southeast east), B3 (southeast west), C1 (northwest west), C2 (northwest east), C3 (southwest east), C4 (southwest west) Exit, E3 is next to Gongmei Building on the north side of the intersection of Wangfujing Street and Dongdan Santiao, F1 is located on the east of Wangfujing Street side (between Dashamao Hutong and Xigongfu Street), northwest of the west gate of Oriental Plaza. E3 and F1 exits are equipped with ramps, of which the F1 ramp is dedicated to luggage. + += = = Sorority Boys = = = +Sorority Boys is a 2002 American comedy movie. Wallace Wolodarsky directed it. It is about a group of college boys who dress up as girls to prove they did not steal from their friends. Along the way, they learn about unfairness toward women. The movie starred Barry Watson, Michael Rosenbaum and Harland Williams. +Plot. +Three college friends, Dave, Adam, and Dooferwho are head of the Social Committee in a fraternity house called Kappa Omicron Kappa ("KOK" sounds like a slang word for penis)are living the party lifestyle. The KOKs throw wild parties. Many other college students like to come to these parties, but the KOKs are mean to the women. For example, they take photographs of women waking up after having sex with a KOK. They do not allow ugly women to come to their parties. They often make fun of the all-girl sorority group Delta Omicron Gamma ("DOG" is a slang word for "unattractive woman"), who protest the actions of the KOKs as rude and sexist. +The frat president, Spence, accuses Dave, Adam, and Doofer of stealing money from the frat treasury. Spence convinces the other KOKs that the three are thieves, and they are kicked out of the house. +Doofer tells his friends that he thinks Spence himself stole the money. Because the frat's safe was in Adam's room, he says, Adam may have accidentally recorded Spence stealing the money while Adam was making a movie of a sexual encounter. But to find the tape, they must re-enter the house. Doofer says they should dress as beautiful women so that the KOKs will let them into the house during the next party. They call themselves Adina, Roberta, and Daisy. The KOKs believe that all three are women, but they throw them out of the frat for not being beautiful enough. +The women of the DOG sorority rescue Dave, Adam, and Doofer, thinking they are "plus-size girls" and let them stay at their sorority house. For the rest of the movie, the boys switch between wearing their own clothes and dressing as women. They try to sneak back into the KOK house to find the tape many times. Along the way, they become friends with the DOG sisters. They learn that they and the KOKs had been treating women very badly. All three become better and wiser men. +Reception. +Critics said this was a very bad movie. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has an approval rating of 12% based on 65 reviews, with an average score of 3.22/10. The website reads: "A sloppy fratboy movie, "Sorority Boys" offers up a parade of gross-out gags and sex jokes, while insulting and ogling women." On Metacritic, the movie has a rank of 25 out of 100 based on 20 critics, meaning that most critics had not liked it. +The movie cost $12 million budget and only made a little more money than that: $12,517,488 worldwide. +Lisa Schwarzbaum of "Entertainment Weekly" gave the movie a score of a "B," saying that "There are moments of real funniness in this smarter-than-anticipated goof-fest." +Ed Gonzalez of "Slant Magazine" gave the movie 1.5 stars out of 5, explaining his reasoning by the fact that ""Sorority Boys" only confirms the threat posed to the film industry when homo-wary frat boys are allowed to play director." +"The New York Times"s A. O. Scott criticized the movie's director, saying that "[he] has made a film that even a rabid lowbrow like Homer Simpson (or, when the mood strikes, this critic) would find beneath his dignity." + += = = Ladyhawke = = = +Ladyhawke is a 1985 American Italian fantasy movie directed by Richard Donner and starring Michelle Pfeiffer, Matthew Broderick, Rutger Hauer, John Wood, Ken Hutchison, Leo McKern. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and Warner Bros.. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1986. + += = = List of Danish monarchs = = = +This is a list of Danish monarchs since 950 + += = = List of tallest people in the world = = = +This is a list of men and women who are (or have been) the tallest people in the world. + += = = Ontong Java Plateau = = = +The Ontong Java Plateau (OJP) is a huge oceanic plateau in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, north of the Solomon Islands. +The OJP was formed around 120 million years ago. When eruption of lava ended, the Ontong plateau covered 1% of Earth's surface. It had a volume of of basaltic magma. +This Ontong Java event was the largest volcanic event of the past 200 million years. Its magma production was several times larger than the Deccan Traps. +The smooth surface of the OJP is punctuated by seamounts such as the Ontong Java Atoll, one of the largest atolls in the world. + += = = Mickey's Birthday Party = = = +Mickey's Birthday Party is a 1942 American animated short film directed by Riley Thomson, produced by Walt Disney Productions and distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. The 114th short to feature Mickey Mouse, it was released on February 7, 1942. The animated film was directed by Riley Thomson and animated by Les Clark, James Moore, Ken Muse, Armin Shaffair, Riley Thompson, Bernie Wolf, and Marvin Woodward. It was the 116th short in the "Mickey Mouse" film series to be released, and the first for that year. +Production. +This short is an update of the 1931 black and white short "The Birthday Party". The 1931 version only had Mickey, Minnie, Clarabelle and Horace, since none of the other characters existed at the time. +It also has some marks of 1932's "The Whoopee Party". +Some of the animation of Mickey's wild dance was actually originally done by Ward Kimball for "The Reluctant Dragon", not only used in the film. +Home media. +The short was released on May 18, 2004, on "". + += = = How to Stay at Home = = = +How to Stay at Home is a television series of animated shorts produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios. The series is directed by Eric Goldberg. It stars Bill Farmer and Corey Burton. The series is about Goofy being forced to stay in his home because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The three shorts were released in August 11, 2021, on Disney+. +Synopsis. +Told in the style of the classic "How to..." series, the series follows Goofy's life in his home during the COVID-19 pandemic. +Release. +"How to Stay at Home" was released on Disney+, in August 11, 2021. The series consists of three shorts. + += = = Fatma Zohra Ksentini = = = +Fatma Zohra Ouhachi-Vesely (née Ksentini)() is an Algeria woman officeholder. She is the first on toxic wastes from 1995 to 2004. Before having her position, she was a "Special Rapporteur" in the from 1989 to 1994. +Career. +Ksentini was a part of the "Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities". It was when she was named "special rapporteur" on Human Rights and the Environment in 1989. For the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, she started a four-year search work into environmental human rights in 1990. After completing her research in 1994, she submitted her findings to the "Draft Declaration of Principles on Human Rights and the Environment". +In 1995, Ksentini became the "United Nations Special Rapporteur" on Toxic Wastes. During the starting of her office, she collected some information on the health effects of throwing out of toxic wastes. After submitting her report in 1997, Ksentini gave negative comments on the "Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights". It was for not providing her the necessary funding to carry on the actual finding. After being selected again in 1998, Ksentini developed many proposals on the destroying of toxic waste disposals into developing countries. Her final term as "Special Rapporteur" started in 2001 and ended in 2004. +Outside of her work as Special Rapporetur, Ksentini was the chairwoman of the "Working Group on Contemporary Forms of Slavery" in 1991. +Personal life. +Ksentini was married to a Mr. Ouhachi-Vesely. + += = = Elizabeth Mrema = = = +Elizabeth Maruma Mrema is a Tanzanian biodiversity leader and a lawyer. She is currently living in Montreal, Canada. She was appointed as an executive secretary of the United Nations "Convention on Biological Diversity" (CBD) in 2020.She is the first African woman to hold this role. She previously had many top leading positions in the "United Nations Environment Programme". +Education. +Mrema had a "Bachelor of Law" from Tanzania's . Later, she had by a "Master of Law" degree from "Dalhousie University" in , Canada. She also had a "Postgraduate Diploma in International Relations and Diplomacy" from the Centre of Foreign Relations and Diplomacy in , Tanzania. +Career. +Before starting her work with , Mrema worked for Tanzania's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. She was serving as a Counsellor/Senior Legal Counsel. She was also a lecturer in Public International Law and Conference Diplomacy at Tanzania's Centre for Foreign Relations and Diplomacy. +From 2009 to 2012, she worked at an organisation in Bonn, Germany. In 2009, she became Acting Executive Secretary of the UNEP/ASCOBANS (Agreement on the Conservation of Small Cetaceans of the Baltic, North East Atlantic, Irish and North Seas), Executive Secretary of the UNEP/Secretariat of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) and Interim Executive Secretary of the UNEP/Gorilla Agreement. +Starting from 2012, she has been working as Deputy Director of the Ecosystems Division at the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). While doing so, she oversaw the organization's coordination, operations and programme delivery. She then became the Director of the Law Division at the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in June 2014. In 2018, she again worked as the Acting Director of the "Corporate Services Division". In November 2019, Mrema worked as a temporary "Officer in Charge of the CBD Secretariat". Starting from December 2019, she worked as the Acting Executive Secretary of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Secretariat. In July 2020, she became the Executive Secretary role. +Elizabeth Maruma Mrema was the Director of the Law Division. She had worked with UNEP for over twenty years. +Other professional works. +Besides doing leading roles, Mrema serves as a willing lecturer without taking any salary at the University of Nairobi - Law School. She has previously lectured without taking any salary at International Development Law Organization (IDLO), Rome, Italy. +She wrote many articles on international environmental law. She also created many handbooks and guides for many-sided environmental agreements and other topics on environmental law. +Awards and Honors. +In 2007, she was given the first-ever UNEP-wide Best Manager of the Year Award (the UNEP Baobab Staff Award) "for exceptional performance and dedication towards achieving the goals of UNEP". +In 2021, the IUCN World Commission on Environmental Law (WCEL) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) awarded Elizabeth with the "Nicholas Robinson Award for Excellence in Environmental Law". + += = = Bratislava Castle = = = +Bratislava Castle (, ) is the main castle in Bratislava, Slovakia. + += = = The Simple Things = = = +The Simple Things is a 1953 animated short subject, part of the "Mickey Mouse" series, produced by Walt Disney Productions. Released by RKO Radio Pictures on March 27, 1953, the short is notable as the 126th and final regular entry in the "Mickey Mouse" theatrical cartoon series. +Following this short, one-shot Mickey shorts were produced: the featurettes "Mickey's Christmas Carol" (1983) and "The Prince and the Pauper" (1990), and the shorts "Runaway Brain" (1995), and "Get a Horse!" (2013). +Other appearances. +The cartoon was featured in the video game "Disney's Magical Mirror Starring Mickey Mouse". +Home media. +The short was released on May 18, 2004 on "". + += = = Anti-abortion violence = = = +Anti-abortion violence is violence committed against individuals and organizations that perform abortions. +The murders of David Gunn (1993), John Britton (1994), Barnett Slepian (1998) and George Tiller (2009) are examples of anti-abortion violence in the United States. + += = = Milenio Televisión = = = +Milenio Televisión is a Mexican television cable news channel owned by Grupo Multimedios. +Programming. +The news programming uses the resources of the Milenio newspaper, one of the largest in the country. Programming is 24 hours a day. They have news, analysis and specialized programs. The channel is available in various pay TV systems at Mexico and the US, and on the internet. Milenio has also been available on the second digital subchannels of Multimedios television stations, as well as those of XHIJ-TDT and XHILA-TDT. +Production. +The network produces newscasts for Los Angeles called "Noticias 22 Milenio". The newscasts air weekdays from 3 to 4 p.m., daily from 7 to 8 p.m. and daily from 10 to 11:30 PM (Pacific Time). on KWHY-TV 22. +History. +During 2012, Milenio Television began broadcasting on Digital Television on 12.2 of XHAW-TDT; until 2015 it moved to 12.2 of XHSAW-TDT. In 2017, it changed to channel 13.2. In February 2018, due to the change of XHAW-TDT from 12.1 to 6.1, XHSAW-TDT returned to 12.1 and Milenio Television in 12.2. +In 2016, Milenio Televisión's open signal increased when it was authorized to be transmitted as part of the multiprogramming of the main channel in the cities of: Torreón, León, Nuevo Laredo, Ciudad Victoria, Tampico and Matamoros. +As a result of the IFT-6 tender, Multimedia won frequencies in Mexico City, Guadalajara, Durango, Ciudad Juarez and Monclova, Milenio Televisión is available at stations in those cities. + += = = Beer Boys and Vodka Girls = = = +Beer Boys and Vodka Girls is a teenage comedy web series. It was developed by Rahul Gupta. Prime Flix App released a web series Beer Boys and Vodka Girls. +Plot. +The adult comedy web series revolves around the complicated life stories of six characters in total. There are three boys living in the same flat and three girls in another. These young people have much different lifestyles and problems. If the boys discussion focuses mostly on their sexual desire and wild fantasies, girls often talk about office issues, relationships, or bra sizes. + += = = Edmund Beckett, 1st Baron Grimthorpe = = = +Edmund Beckett, 1st Baron Grimthorpe, QC (12 May 1816 – 29 April 1905), known previously as Sir Edmund Beckett, 5th Baronet and Edmund Beckett Denison, was a "lawyer, mechanician and controversialist" as well as a notable horologist and architect. + += = = Wireless broadband = = = +Wireless Internet is often used to connect remote and rural places to the Internet. Technologies such as 4G, satellite, or radio are used to achieve this. This may be because it is too expensive or not possible to run cables to very remote areas. +This is not the same as Wi-Fi, which is wireless access to an Internet connection that is already in a house. + += = = List of The Haunted House (anime) episodes = = = +The Haunted House is a Korean animated television series. The series premiered on July 20, 2016 on Tooniverse. +Series overview. +<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> + += = = Gérard van Opdorp = = = +Gérard M. van Opdorp (16 November 1925 - 3 October 2003) was a Dutch Paralympic archer and wheelchair basketball player. +Van Opdorp became impaired due to the war. He was part of the first Dutch team at the Stoke Mandeville Games in 1952. As an archer he competed at the 1968 Summer Paralympics and 1972 Summer Paralympics, winning a silver medal. He also competed in wheelchair basketball at the Summer Paralympics. +On 5 August 1963, he married Paralympic swimmer Delphine Ariens Kappers, who won the first ever gold medal at the Paralympic Games in 1960. +He died in 2003 in Doorn at the age of 77. + += = = UBlock Origin = = = +uBlock Origin ( "you-block") is a free and open-source browser extension for filtering content, including ad blocking. The extension is available for Chrome, Chromium, Edge, Firefox, Opera, Pale Moon, as well as versions of Safari prior to 13. uBlock Origin has received praise from technology websites and is said to use much less memory than other extensions with similar functionality. +uBlock Origin's purpose is to give people the ability to enforce their own filters for blocking. +uBlock Origin is actively developed and maintained by its creator and lead developer Raymond Hill. + += = = Gert Hekma = = = +Gerhardus "Gert" Hekma (24 September 1951 – 19 April 2022) was a Dutch anthropologist and sociologist. He was known for his research and publications about homosexuality. He taught gay and lesbian studies at the Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences of the University of Amsterdam from 1984 to 2017. + += = = Ronald J. Zlatoper = = = +Ronald Joseph Zlatoper (March 21, 1942 – April 21, 2022) was a United States Navy four star admiral. He was Commander in Chief, United States Pacific Fleet (CINCPACFLT) from 1994 to 1996. +Zlatoper died on April 21, 2022 at the age of 80. + += = = Michelle Suárez Bértora = = = +Michelle Suárez Bértora (21 February 1983 – 22 April 2022) was a Uruguayan activist, lawyer, lecturer, politician, and writer. She was Uruguay's first transgender university graduate, first trans lawyer, and first transgender person elected to office. She was a Senator from 2014 until 2017. She was born in Salinas, Uruguay. +She transitioned at the age of 15 with the support of her mother. Suárez went to primary and secondary school in Salinas in 2004. After six years of study, and a legal transition to allow her to graduate with her proper gender. She was the first (and only) trans-woman to become a lawyer in Uruguay. +She graduated in 2010 from the University of the Republic as the first transgender person to complete university studies in the country. +In 2014, she also became the first transgender person elected to the Uruguayan legislature. +Suárez Bértora died on 22 April 2022 in Montevideo, Uruguay from a heart attack at the age of 39. + += = = Arno (singer) = = = +Arnold Charles Ernest Hintjens (21 May 1949 – 23 April 2022), better known by his stage name Arno, was a Belgian singer and actor. He was the frontman of TC Matic, one of the best-known Belgian bands of the 1980s. He had a role in "Camping Cosmos" where he played the homosexual lifeguard Harry. +In 2020, Arno was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. He died from the disease on 23 April 2022 in Brussels, Belgium at the age of 72. + += = = Carmelo Borobia = = = +Joaquin Carmelo Borobia Isasa (16 August 1935 – 23 April 2022) was a Spanish Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Cortes, Navarre, Spain. He became a priest in 1959. He was auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zaragoza, Spain and as titular bishop of Elo from 1990 to 1996. He then was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tarazona, Spain, from 1996 to 2004 and then as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toledo, Spain and as titular bishop of Rubicon from 1994 until his retirement. +Borobia died on 23 April 2022 in Zaragoza, Spain at the age of 86. + += = = Enoch Kelly Haney = = = +Enoch Kelly Haney (November 12, 1940 – April 23, 2022) was an American Democratic politician and artist. He was principal chief of the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma from 2005 until 2009 and was a member of both houses of the Oklahoma Legislature from 1980 until 2022. He was also a candidate for Governor of Oklahoma in the 2002 election. Haney was born in Seminole, Oklahoma. +Haney died on April 23, 2022 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma at the age of 81. + += = = Chico Heat = = = +The Chico Heat is the name of two baseball teams that have operated in Chico, California. +Teams. +The first was a professional team in the Western Baseball League from 1997 to 2002. The second team was a part of the summer collegiate wood bat league known as the Great West League. It began operations in 2014 and ended in 2018. The team's title sponsor was Golden Valley Bank. +Broadcasting. +The original Chico Heat were broadcast on KPAY NewsTalk 1290 AM during their entire time. Area broadcaster Rory Miller was the "voice" of the team on the radio for the entire time. Miller also was the broadcaster for the second team on The Edge 101.7 FM. He broadcast with KPAY's Mike Baca. +The death of Steve Nettleton. +On January 11, 2019, Heat founder and majority owner Steve Nettleton died at age 79. He had Parkinson's Disease. + += = = Dimpal Kumari Jha = = = +Dimpal Kumari Jha (; 12 July 1979 – 24 April 2022) was a Nepalese politician. She was a member of the Provincial Assembly of Province No. 2. She was nominated as a Proportional representation member to participate in the Provincial Assembly of Province No. 2. She was a member of the Rastriya Janata Party Nepal. +She also was a member of the 2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly. +Jha died on 24 April 2022 of colon cancer, aged 42. + += = = Josep Massot = = = +Josep Massot i Muntaner (3 November 1941 – 24 April 2022) was a Spanish historian, Roman Catholic monk and philologist. +Massot was a member of the Reial Acadèmia de Bones Lletres de Barcelona, elected in 2002. He won the National Prize for Popular Culture in 1997. Massot was also honored with the Premi d'Honor de les Lletres Catalanes in 2012. +Massot died on 24 April 2022, at the age of 80. + += = = Ursula Lehr = = = +Ursula Lehr (5 June 1930 – 25 April 2022) was a German academic, age researcher and politician. She was federal minister of youth, family, women and health from 1989 to 1990. She was also a member of the Bundestag from 1990 until 1991. Lehr was a member of the Christian Democratic Union. Lehr was born in Frankfurt, Germany. +Lehr died on 25 April 2022 in Bonn, Germany at the age of 91. + += = = Hossein Mollaghasemi = = = +Seyed Hossein Ebrahimian (also Mollaghasemi, , 15 March 1933 – 25 April 2022) was an Iranian wrestler. He won a silver medal at the 1957 World Championships. He then changed to Greco-Roman wrestling and placed fifth-sixth at the world championships in 1961–62. He competed at the 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics and shared sixth place in 1960. Mollaghasemi was born in Tehran, Iran. +Mollaghasemi died on 25 April 2022 in Amsterdam, Netherlands at the age of 89. + += = = Henny Vrienten = = = +Henny Vrienten (27 July 1948 – 25 April 2022) was a Dutch musician. He was best known as the singer and bassist of the popular 1980s ska pop band Doe Maar. He also composed television and movie scores. Vrienten was born in Hilvarenbeek, Netherlands. +Vrienten died on 25 April 2022 from a short-illness at the age of 73. + += = = Deidre Downs = = = +Deidre Downs Gunn (born July 7, 1980) is former Miss America winner and fertility specialist. Deidre Downs Gunn is a UAB obstetrician-gynecologist and a Chief resident physician at Alabama Medical center. Deidre Downs Gunn was Miss America in 2005, and Miss Alabama in 2004. is the first title winner who is in a same sex marriage.Her and her now wife met back in 2017 and in 2021 had their first baby together. During the pregnancy, Deidre preformed IVF transfers on her wife Abbott downs. + += = = Geological history of Earth = = = +Earth's geological history is a period of time since the Earth's formation to the present day. It is divided into eons, eras and periods. These periods of time are usually determined via rocks or rock layers. + += = = Islamic City Council of Mashhad = = = +The Islamic City Council of Mashhad () is the council for the city of Mashhad. + += = = School of the Air = = = +In some places, very few children are in a large area. These people usually live far apart. If there are settlements, they are also far apart. In most places of the world, children of a certain age need to go to school. School of the Air is a phrase which describes children being taught using radio, or other technologies. The children do not need to travel, they stay at home. The phrase was first used for a kind of distance learning, which is targeted at chldren going to primary or secondary schools. It was first used in remote areas of Australia, especially the outback. In these areas, people live too far apart, and there are too few school-age children to run a normal school in a village. +History. +Around 1929, Alfred Traeger invented a radio that could be run by human power, it was called the pedal radio. With Adelaide Miethke, who was a teacher, they made up a programme for schools, which also used the radio communication services of the Royal Flying Doctor Service. These were important milestones that helped develop the School of the Air. +The first School of the Air lessons were officially sent from the Royal Flying Doctor Service in Alice Springs on 8 June 1951. The service celebrated its 50th jubilee on 9 May 2001, ahead of the real jubilee on 8 June; and its 70th year on 8 June 2021. Each state of Australia that uses this means of training has well-documented checks and overviews of the service. +Method. +There are School of the Air programmes in all states except Tasmania. +School classes were conducted via shortwave radio from 2003 until 2009. After 2009, most schools switched to wireless internet technologies: The lessons include live one-way video feeds and clear two-way audio. +Each student has direct contact with a teacher in an inland town such as Broken Hill, Alice Springs or Meekatharra. Each student typically spends one hour per day receiving group or individual lessons from the teacher. The rest of the day, the students spend working through the assigned materials with a parent, older sibling or a hired home-stay tutor. +Originally the students got their course materials and returned their written work and projects to their hub centre using either the Royal Flying Doctor Service or post office services. However the extension of Internet services into the outback now allows for more rapid review of each child's homework. +The children using this kind of training are living far away from other people. Very often, the School of the Air is their first chance to get to know other children who are not part of their family. Three or four times a year, the children travel to the school, where they spend a week with their teacher and classmates. +Studies have shown that in most cases, this kind of schooling has the same quality as traditional methods of schooling; in some cases it was even better than the traditional methods. +Awards. +In 2009 as part of the Q150 celebrations, the School of the Air was announced as one of the Q150 Icons of Queensland for its role as an iconic "innovation and invention". +Schools of the Air. +Schools of the Air operate from: + += = = Ronald R. Van Stockum = = = +Ronald Reginald Van Stockum (July 8, 1916 – April 24, 2022) was a United States Marine Corps brigadier general. He took part in Bougainville, Guam and Iwo Jima campaigns. He was director, Marine Corps Reserve and later as commanding general, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific (Forward) on Okinawa during the Vietnam War. +Van Stockum turned 100 in July 2016. He died in Shelby County, Kentucky on April 24, 2022, at the age of 105. + += = = Scinax altae = = = +Scinax altae is a frog that lives in Panama. Scientists have seen it as high as 700 meters above sea level. + += = = Hviezdoslavovo námestie (Bratislava) = = = +Hviezdoslavovo námestie () is a town square in Bratislava, Slovakia. + += = = Robert Golob = = = +Robert Golob (born 23 January 1967) is a Slovenian businessman and politician who is the Prime Minister of Slovenia since 2022. Before becoming a politician, he was an environmental businessman and co-founded GEN-I. +Early life. +Golob went to University of Ljubljana in 1994. After his studies, he was a post-doctoral Fulbright scholar in the United States at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta. +Business career. +In 2004, Golob co-founded an energy trading company GEN-I, where he was chairman until 2021. +Political career. +Between May 1999 and June 2000, Golob was the State Secretary at the Ministry of Economic Affairs. In 2002, he was elected to the City Council of Nova Gorica. +In January 2022, he ran for the president of a non-parliamentary green party Z.Dej. The party won the most votes and seats of any party in the 2022 parliamentary election in April. Two months later on 1 June 2022, he became the Prime Minister. + += = = Ken Paxton = = = +Warren Kenneth Paxton Jr. (born December 23, 1962) is an American lawyer and politician. He is the Attorney General of Texas since January 2015. He was Texas State Senator for the 8th district and the Texas State Representative for the 70th district. +Paxton has been under indictment since 2015 on state securities fraud charges. He has pleaded not guilty. In October 2020, many public officials accused him of bribery. +After Joe Biden won the 2020 presidential election and Donald Trump did not accept losing while making false claims of election fraud, Paxton help Trump in his efforts to overturn the result. He filled the unsuccessful "Texas v. Pennsylvania" case in the Supreme Court. He spoke at the rally Trump held on January 6, 2021, that happened shortly before the 2021 United States Capitol attack. + += = = Ferdinand III of Habsburg = = = +Ferdinand III (baptised as Ferdinand Ernest; 13 July 1608 in Graz – 2 April 1657 in Vienna) was Archduke of Austria from 1621, King of Hungary from 1625, King of Croatia and Bohemia from 1627 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1637 to 1657. +Biography. +Early life. +Ferdinand was born in Graz and grew up in Carinthia, he is the third son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg. He received education and training from the Jesuits. After the deaths of his brothers Karl (1603) and Johann Karl (1619), he became the successor of his father. + += = = Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election = = = +The attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election was a political scheme made by then President Donald Trump, who lost the 2020 U.S. presidential election to his Democratic opponent Joe Biden, the former U.S. vice president. +Trump did not accept his defeat and claimed the election was rigged and had voter fraud. This was an effort to overturn the election, with support and assistance from his campaign, proxies, political allies, and many of his supporters. +Many unsuccessful lawsuits were filed to change the election results in Pennsylvania, Georgia, Nevada, Arizona, Wisconsin and Michigan. Efforts to change the election results caused the 2021 United States Capitol attack, which was widely described as an attempted coup d'état. +False claims. +Trump and his allies called the election a "big lie" based on false claims and conspiracy theories claiming that the election was stolen by rigged voting machines, electoral fraud and an international communist conspiracy. Trump, The Proud Boys and QAnon spread fake information on social media saying the election was rigged and stolen. +These allegations were not proven and were tossed out by many state and federal judges, election officials, governors, and government agencies. On December 1, 2020, U.S. Attorney General William Barr said U.S. attorneys and FBI agents had investigated complaints and allegations of fraud, but found none of significance. Director of National Intelligence John Ratcliffe said no evidence had been found of other countries trying to hack the election. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Director Chris Krebs called the election "the most secure in American history", which caused Trump to fire him. Trump attorney Joseph diGenova wanted Krebs to be executed. +Response. +Many elected Republicans, including members of Congress and governors, did not want to say that Biden won the election fairly. Many of Trump's supporters would protest the election results by chanting "Stop the Steal". Emily Murphy, the administrator of the General Services Administration, delayed the start of the presidential transition until sixteen days after most media outlets had called Biden the winner. Former Trump National Security Advisor Michael Flynn wanted Trump to suspend the United States Constitution, force martial law, silence the press, and hold a new election under military supervision. +Attempts. +A small group of Trump supporters, including Trump's chief of staff, Mark Meadows and several Republican lawmakers from the House Freedom Caucus, tried to keep Trump in power. They wanted state legislatures to force a Trump win and change the electoral vote certification at the Capitol for favor Trump. Trump and his allies wanted state officials to throw out legally cast ballots, challenge vote-certification processes, and overturn certified election results. In an early January 2021 phone call, he wanted the Georgia secretary of state to "find" the 11,780 votes needed to win his victory in the state. He also wanted Georgia Governor Brian Kemp to create a special session of the legislature to overturn Biden's certified victory in the state. He wanted the Pennsylvania state government to do the same. Trump asked 300 Republican state legislators to look for ways to reverse the election results in their states. +Lawsuits. +Trump wanted Justice Department leaders to challenge the election results and publicly state the election was corrupt. His legal team wanted a path to bring a case before the United States Supreme Court, but none of the 63 lawsuits they filed were successful. Many of these lawyers hoped that the "Texas v. Pennsylvania" would work, but on December 11, 2020, the Supreme Court said they would not hear that case. +Possible military action. +After the failure of "Texas", Trump thought about a military intervention, taking voting machines and another appeal to the Supreme Court, as well as challenging the congressional counting of the electoral votes on January 6, 2021. +Electoral college certification. +By December 30, 2020, many Republican members of the House and Senate said they would try to force both chambers to debate whether to certify the Electoral College results. Mike Pence, who as vice president would be in charge over the proceedings. He supported this by saying on January 4, "I promise you, come this Wednesday, we will have our day in Congress." Trump and some supporters promoted a false "Pence card" theory that, even if Congress were to certify the results, the vice president would have the power to reject them. +On the day of the electoral certification, supporters of Trump, attacked the United States Capitol to try to overturn the election, with some calling it an attempted coup d'état. One week later, Trump was impeached a second time for incitement of insurrection but was acquitted by the Senate. Depending on the findings of the House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack, which is expected to release its report in 2022, the U.S. Department of Justice may decide to investigate whether Trump committed a crime. +Aftermath. +After the vote certification, some Republicans changed their opinion to say Biden won the election. However, some continued to support Trump's claims. , Trump has publicly continued to insist that the election was stolen. Although Trump has said he lost the election to a group of historians in , saying, "We had a deal all set [until the election was lost and] the deal went away." Trump supporters continue attempts to overturn the results, pushing for state legislature resolutions and new lawsuits. + += = = Snout-vent length = = = +Snout–vent length (SVL) is the length of an animal's body. It is measured from the tip of its snout to its rear end. The snout is the part of the face at the front. Snout-vent length does not count the tail or any teeth or tusks. +So, in a frog, it is the length of the frog's body but not the frog's legs. For turtles, scientists use carapace length (CL, the length of the shell) and plastral length (PL) instead. +The SVL can change depending on whether the animal is alive, dead, moving, or still. It can change if scientists have used chemicals to stop its dead body from rotting. Scientists also use snout-vent length on fossils. With fossils, they use osteological correlate, which is a way the bone can match the rest of the body. Precaudal length is one osteological correlate. A scientist can look at the animal's SVL, weight, and body and may be able to tell if it is male or female or how old it is. +Advantages. +Scientists use snout-vent length instead of the animal's whole body length because it does not change much. In some animals, young ones do not have tails or do not have large tails. +Methods. +The scientist or other person can measure snout-vent length with dial calipers or digital calipers. +The scientist can use other tools to hold the animal still. For example, snake tubes, "Mander Mashers," or a "Salamander Stick." +Limitations. +The term is useful for mammals. It's not so useful for animals where the tail is an important part of the body. For example, fish have tails that are parts of their bodies. But horses and elephants use their tails to hit flies but not much else. Dinosaurs that walk on two legs are a good example too. It took a long time for dinosaur scientists to understand this. Snake tails go far past their vent. + += = = United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack = = = +The U.S. House Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the United States Capitol is a select committee of the U.S. House of Representatives to investigate the attack on the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021. The attack, inspired by President Donald Trump's false claim of a stolen election, was an attempt to overturn the 2020 election results, in which Trump lost to Democrat Joe Biden. +Creation. +The committee was formed through a party-line vote on July 1, 2021 with Democrats supporting it and a majority of Republicans going against it. Liz Cheney and Adam Kinzinger were the only two House Republicans to be on the committee, and the Republican National Committee eventually censured them for their participation. +Investigations. +The investigation started with public hearings on July 27, when four police officers testified. By March 2022, the committee had interviewed nearly 700 people. Steve Bannon, Mark Meadows, Peter Navarro, and Dan Scavino have been held in criminal contempt of Congress for refusing to testify; Bannon was indicted by a federal grand jury. Other members of Trump's inner circle are working with the committee. +Purpose. +The committee has argued that Trump knew he did not win the election and was committing fraud, and it may recommend that the U.S. Department of Justice open a criminal investigation into Trump's responsibility for the attack on the Capitol. However, the Justice Department already has its own inquiries and investigations, the committee may instead focus on creating its final report. + += = = South Wilts Grammar School = = = +South Wilts Grammar School and formerly was South Wilts Grammar School for Girls, is a Grammar school in Salisbury, south Wiltshire, for pupils aged between 11 to 18 it's Established in 1927, the school converted to an academy in 2011. + += = = Texas v. Pennsylvania = = = +Texas v. Pennsylvania, 592 U.S. ___ (2020), was a lawsuit filed at the United States Supreme Court saying that the 2020 presidential election in certain states were rigged and that Joe Biden did not beat President Donald Trump. This was one of the many attempts by Trump to overturn the election results. +The case was filed by Texas State Attorney General Ken Paxton on December 8, 2020. "Texas v. Pennsylvania" said that Georgia, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin violated the United States Constitution by changing election rules through non-legislative means. Three days later, the United States Supreme Court said they will not hear the case thus ending the lawsuit. +Purpose. +This case was filed by Trump supporters to stop the certified vote count from these four states before the Electoral College vote on December 14. The suit was filed after about 90 lawsuits from disputes over the election results filed by Trump and the Republican Party had failed in many state and federal courts. +Creation. +The suit had been created by a team of lawyers with ties to the Trump presidential campaign. Paxton agreed to file the case after other state attorneys general declined to do so. The Solicitor General of Texas Kyle D. Hawkins did not support the suit and refused to let his name be added. +Within one day of Texas's filing, Trump, over 100 Republican Representatives, and 18 Republican state attorneys general filed motions to support the case. Trump called this case as "the big one" of the election-challenging lawsuits. Many who were against this case urged the Court to refuse the case, with Pennsylvania's brief calling it a "seditious abuse of the judicial process". Many legal experts did not believe this case would be successful to Trump. +Supreme Court decision. +The Supreme Court said on December 11, 2020 that they would not hear the case because there was no "legal standing" to challenge the results of the election held by another state. + += = = Big lie = = = +The big lie () is a lie of the truth, used as a propaganda technique. The German expression was created by Adolf Hitler, when he wrote his 1925 book "Mein Kampf", to describe the use of a lie so big that no one would believe it. + += = = Voting machine = = = +A voting machine is a machine used to record votes without paper. The first voting machines were mechanical but it is increasingly more common to use electronic voting machines. Voting machines should not be confused with tabulating machines, which count votes done by paper ballot. + += = = Bogor = = = +Bogor (, ) is a city in West Java, Indonesia. It is south of Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia. More than 1 million people live in it. +Bogor was the capital of the Sunda Kingdom. It was called or . It was also the summer residence of the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies. +Because it often rains in Bogor, the city is called (English: "Rain City") + += = = Oldsmobile Toronado = = = +The Oldsmobile Toronado is a Personal luxury vehicle manufactured and sold by Oldsmobile, over three generations between 1966 and 1992, historically the first Front-wheel drive vehicle in the US since Cord's demise in 1937. +In 1966, due to its design, it would gain publicity from the division and win the Motor Trend's Award for Car of the Year. + += = = Buffy Sainte-Marie = = = +Buffy Sainte-Marie, (born Beverly Jean Santamaria; February 20, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, musician, and social activist. Her best known songs were "Universal Soldier", "Until It's Time for You to Go", "Now That the Buffalo's Gone", and her covers of Mickey Newbury's "Mister Can't You See" and Joni Mitchell's "The Circle Game". +Her song "Up Where We Belong" won both the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 55th Academy Awards and the Golden Globe for Best Original Song. + += = = Remembrance poppy = = = +The remembrance poppy is an artificial flower worn in some countries to honor their military personnel who died in war. Veterans' associations give out poppies for charitable donations used to give financial, social and emotional support to members and veterans of the armed forces. +They were inspired by the war poem "In Flanders Fields". They were first used near the end of World War I to honor British Empire and United States military deaths of the war. + += = = Ioana Ciută = = = + use both this parameter and |birth_date to display the person's date of birth, date of death, and age at death) --> +Ioana Ciută is a Romanian environmental activist and journalist. She lives in Bucharest. She works as the Energy Campaigns Coordinator of the CEE Bankwatch Network. It is a global network operating in Central and Eastern Europe. It is one of the largest networks of environmental NGOs in that country. +Professional Career. +Ciută joined Bankwatch in 2014 as coordinator of the "Balkan Without Coal" campaign. It was preventing the construction of new coal mines in the Western Balkans. Ciută covered nuclear energy development in Romania and Bulgaria. It was before joining Bankwatch. She followed international negotiations on global warming. She holds a degree in journalism. However, her environmental activism long preceded her journalistic work. +Roles in International politics. +Ioana Ciută builds a close relationship with her groups of members as well as project partners from different countries including Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Macedonia. She supported them to the national campaigns. Besides, she also supported them for stricter environmental regional policies. + += = = RCN Televisión = = = +RCN Televisión, also known as Canal RCN (Radio Cadena Nacional) is a Colombian television network, which began operations on March 23, 1967, is known for having broadcast "Yo soy Betty, la fea". one of the most successful Colombian telenovelas. + += = = Josefa Tauli = = = + use both this parameter and |birth_date to display the person's date of birth, date of death, and age at death) --> +Josefa Cariño Tauli (Sefa Tauli) is a Filipino indigenous people's rights activist. She is +an Ibaloi-Kankanaey Igorot indigenous youth from the Cordillera, Philippines. She is policy co-coordinator and a member of the Steering Committee of the Global Youth Biodiversity Network (GYBN). The network is the international coordination platform for youth participation in the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). +Activism. +Josefa Cariño Tauli is an advocate for meaningful youth participation and indigenous peoples' rights. Since 2018, she has contributed to the Global Youth Biodiversity Network's participation in global biodiversity policy processes, such as the development of the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework. She is also an honorary member of the ICCA Consortium, an international association dedicated to promoting the appropriate recognition of and support for territories and areas conserved by indigenous peoples and local communities. +Awards and honours. +In the year 2020, Josefa Tauli was part of the Fall 2020 Cohort of National Geographic Young Explorers. + += = = Raising Arizona = = = +Raising Arizona is a 1987 American black comedy crime movie directed by Coen brothers. It stars Nicolas Cage, Holly Hunter, Trey Wilson, William Forsythe, John Goodman, Sam McMurray, Frances McDormand, Randall "Tex" Cobb and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Under Fire (1983 movie) = = = +Under Fire is a 1983 American Mexican thriller movie directed by Roger Spottiswoode and starring Nick Nolte, Gene Hackman, Joanna Cassidy, Ed Harris, Richard Masur, Hamilton Camp, René Enríquez. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. + += = = Scinax garbei = = = +The Eirunepe snouted tree frog ("Scinax garbei") is a frog that lives in Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil. Scientists have seen it as high as 700 meters above sea level. +The adult male frog is 42 to 46 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 48 mm. They are brown or light brown with darker brown marks on the back. They have green color on parts of their legs. They belly is white. +This frog lives in trees and looks for food at night. + += = = Pluto's Christmas Tree = = = +Pluto's Christmas Tree is a 1952 Mickey Mouse cartoon in which Pluto and Mickey cut down a Christmas tree that Chip n' Dale live in. It was the 125th short in the "Mickey Mouse" movie series to be released, and the second for that year. + += = = Boat Builders (movie) = = = +Boat Builders is an animated short movie produced by Walt Disney. It was released on February 25, 1938. The film was directed by Ben Sharpsteen and animated by Frenchy de Trémaudan, Louie Schmittt, Chuck Couch, Eddie Strickland, Clyde Geronimi, Paul Satterfield, Archie Robin, Don Patterson. It was the 99th short in the "Mickey Mouse" film series to be released, and the first for that year. + += = = Brewster's Millions (1921 movie) = = = +Brewster's Millions is a 1921 American comedy movie directed by Joseph Henabery and is the second adaption of the 1902 novel of the same name by George Barr McCutcheon and the 1906 play of the same name. It stars Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle, Betty Ross Clarke, Fred Huntley, Marian Skinner, James Corrigan, Jean Acker, Neely Edwards and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. It is a lost movie. + += = = NTN24 = = = +NTN24 (acronym for Nuestra Tele Noticias 24) is a Colombian free-to-air (only on digital terrestrial television) and cable television news channel, owned by Grupo RCN and operated by RCN Televisión. +NTN24 was launched on 3 November 2008 with journalist Claudia Gurisatti appointed as the channel's first editorial director. Its main headquarters are in Bogotá, Colombia. + += = = Mask of Desire = = = +Mask of Desire (; "Mukundo") is a 2000 Nepalese Japanese drama movie directed by Tsering Rhitar Sherpa and starring Mithila Sharma, Gauri Malla, Ratan Subedi. + += = = Mason Ramsey = = = +Mason Ramsey (born c. 2006 or 2007) is an American singer and guitarist. He became known for singing Lovesick Blues in a Walmart in Golconda, Illinois on March 24, 2018. He released his debut single in 2018 titled "Famous". +In 2019, he announced he was going on a break from singing. He now plays basketball under the name Mason Blake. +In 2022, Ramsey revealed he is working at a Subway. + += = = Joannah Stutchbury = = = + use both this parameter and |birth_date to display the person's date of birth, date of death, and age at death) --> +Joannah Stutchbury was a Kenyan land and environmental rights defender (LED) activist. She was the one of the leading conservationists of the environment of Kenyan forests. She was remembered for her dedicated efforts to protect Kiambu forest from encroachment. She helped a lot to the Kenya Forest Service during her lifetime. She raised her voice against the destruction of the Kiambu forests. She was shot multiple times and was killed on 15 July 2021. She died at the age of 67. Joannah was the great-niece of . +Activism and Murder. +Joannah Stutchbury was campaigning against the developer businessmen encroaching on the Kiambu Forest near Nairobi. She had spoken out against land-grabbers and famous private developers. In 2018, she hit the headlines when she single-handedly confronted those developers. The developers were felling trees in the Kiambu Forests. Due to her intense activism, Stutchbury was threatened to be killed many times. However, she received no protection from police. She was told by unknown people that they would kill her if she continued intervening and destroying their plans. They warned her not to stop them in constructing a roadway through the forest. +On 15 July 2021, Joannah Stutchbury was shot dead near her home in Kenya, because of her campaign against the development of wetlands in a national park. On the day of the incident, she stopped her car to clear branches blocking her driveway. Then, suddenly, she was shot several times. Later, her neighbours found her body in her car. Her car engine was still running. Surprisingly, her valuables were still in the vehicle. From that, it was confirmed that the attack was not a robbery. Stutchbury had raised her voice against the local businessmen, against the encroachment and building up of structures on the nearby Kiambu Forest. Before the incident, she had received multiple death threats, but nevertheless continued to stand for the environment until her death. +According to a report from "Permaculture", Joannah Stutchbury was shot four times during her murder. The World Forest Organisation petitioned to the President of Kenya, to protect an area of the forest at national level, in honour of Joannah. + += = = Stavropol Krai = = = +Stavropol Krai (Russian: ��������������� ����) is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia. It is in the North Caucasus region in Southern Russia, and is part of the North Caucasian Federal District. Stavropol Krai has a population of 2,786,281. The administrative center is the city of Stavropol. + += = = Russian America = = = +Russian America (), was a colonial possession of the Russian Empire in North America between 1799 and 1867, in the current State of Alaska, also included some fortifications, such as Fort Ross in California and four other forts (including Russian Fort Elizabeth) located in Hawaii, its capital would be Novo-Arkhangelsk (current Sitka), this colony would be monopolized by the Russian-American Company and the arrival of the Russian Orthodox Church. +This territory prospered due to the fur trade even though it would decline due to logistical difficulties and many settlements would be abandoned in the 1860s, it was finally sold to the United States in 1867 for $7.2 Millions ($120 Millions today) + += = = Lipaksaïs, Arpaksaïs and Kolaksaïs = = = +In Greek mythology, Lipaksaïs, Arpaksaïs and Kolaksaïs are the three mythical kings of the Scythians. Their names indicate a tripartite division of Scythian mythology, a feature which is also seen in Turkic mythology in the agricultural context of the Oghuz progenitor. Herodotus writes that during their reign one day four golden objects fell from the sky, a plow, a yoke, an axe and a bowl. + += = = Sandra Liliana Peña Chocué = = = + use both this parameter and |birth_date to display the person's date of birth, date of death, and age at death) --> +Sandra Liliana Peña Chocué (1985-2021) was a Colombian indigenous people rights activist and defender. +She was the authority of the Nasa people (Paez people) of Colombia. She was the governor of the indigenous reserve “La Laguna-Siberia SAT Tama kiwe” in Cauca. Being a community leader at a very young age, she was appointed the Education Programme Policy Coordinator of the Reserve. While serving as the governor, she cleared up the reserve from the illegal crops. +On 20 April 2021, Sandra Liliana Peña Chocué was shot dead by 4 unknown men. These unknown men forcibly kidnapped her from her home in the indigenous reserve of “La Laguna-Siberia” in Caldono, Cauca. Later, they brought her somewhere and killed her. +Activism, death threats and murder. +Sandra Liliana Peña Chocué worked for the protection of the autonomy and the ancestral culture of the Nasa Indigenous Peoples in Colombia. She worked for the recognition of the role of women in the indigenous reserve. She protected the territory by facing dead threats and pressures from armed forces. The powerful people wanted to expand the illegal crops, illegal mining and actions that impacted Nasa collective and territorial rights and culture. She dedicated herself to create peace in the Nasa people's territories. She was upholding the rights of the indigenous peoples. +On 20 April 2021, Sandra Liliana Peña Chocué was preparing for a meeting with officials from the Colombian government in the city of Popayán. It was when her home was broken into by the gangs. Then, she was attacked by the 4 unknown men holding weapons. According to a report from the "Regional Indigenous Council of Cauca" (CRIC), before she was killed, she had spoken out against the increase in the cultivation of illegal crops in the reserved place. As a result of her speech, she was threatened by the illegal groups. Those groups exercised control over the territory of the Department of Cauca. She even reported about the threats to the authorities. + += = = Peter Tobin = = = +Peter Britton Tobin (born 27 August 1946 died 8 October 2022) is a Scottish convicted serial killer and sex offender. He is serving a life sentence at HM Prison Edinburgh for three murders committed between 1991 and 2006. Police believe Tobin is responsible for other deaths of young women and girls. +In January 2022, Tobin was hospitalised after collapsing, but was returned to prison after less than two days. He was taken to hospital again in March 2022, before being released two days later. + += = = White-throated needletail = = = +The white-throated needletail ("Hirundapus caudacutus"), also known as needle-tailed swift or spine-tailed swift, is a large swift in the genus Hirundapus. It can reach speeds of up to 170 km/h (105 mph) in flight. +They build their nests in rock areas in cliffs or hollow trees. They do not like to sit on the ground and spend most of their time in the air. They feed on small, flying insects like beetles, flies, bees and moths. + += = = Freddy Hall = = = +Frederick Michael George Hall (3 March 1985 – 24 April 2022) was a Bermudian professional footballer. He played as a goalkeeper. He made ten appearances for the Bermuda national football team between 2011 and 2015. +On 24 April 2022, Hall was killed in a car crash in St. George's, Bermuda at the age of 37. + += = = Günter Guillaume = = = +Günter Guillaume (1 February 1927 – 10 April 1995) was a German spy. His job was to get information as an agent for East Germany's secret service, the Stasi, in West Germany. Guillaume became West German chancellor Willy Brandt's secretary, and his discovery as a spy in 1973 led to Brandt's resignation as chancellor in what became known as the Guillaume affair. + += = = Willa Cather = = = +Willa Sibert Cather (; born Wilella Sibert Cather; December 7, 1873 – April 24, 1947) was an American writer. She was known for her novels of life on the Great Plains. Her best known works were "O Pioneers!", "The Song of the Lark", and "My Ántonia". In 1923, she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for "One of Ours". +Personal life. +Many people believed Cather was a lesbian. +Cather, who had terminal breast cancer, died in New York City on April 24, 1947 from a cerebral hemorrhage, aged 73. + += = = Gore, Virginia = = = +Gore is an unincorporated community in western Frederick County, Virginia, United States. It is west of Winchester. It has been called "Back Creek". + += = = Nicktoons MLB = = = +Nicktoons MLB is a baseball game for Xbox 360, Wii, Nintendo DS, and Nintendo 3DS. + += = = SiriusXM Hits 1 = = = +Sirius XM Hits 1 is a Top 40 radio station on Sirius XM Radio channel 2 and Dish Network channels 6002 and 099-02 (099-02 is only for Hopper users). Like most Sirius XM stations, it plays no commercials. The channel was formerly known as US-1 until 2004. The name is a take-off of VH1, whose name was originally an abbreviation of "Video Hits 1". Vh1 Satellite Radio once existed on XM but the channel was discontinued prior to the merger. + += = = KDWB-FM = = = +KDWB-FM (101.3 FM) is an American commercial radio station broadcasting in the Twin Cities region of Minnesota, licensed to suburban Richfield. KDWB's radio format is Top 40/CHR. Its transmitter is located in Shoreview, while its studios are in St. Louis Park. The station is owned by iHeartMedia. + += = = Old Town, Bratislava = = = +Staré Mesto () is the historic centre and one of the boroughs of Bratislava, the capital city of Slovakia. + += = = Martin Luther King III = = = +Martin Luther King III (born October 23, 1957) is an American human rights activist and philanthropist. He is the oldest son and oldest living child of civil rights leaders Martin Luther King Jr. and Coretta Scott King. +King was the 4th President of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference from 1997 to 2004. + += = = Golden angle = = = +In Geometry, the golden angle is the smaller of the two angles created by sectioning the circumference of a circle according to the golden ratio into two arcs. +according to algebra, let "a+b" be the circumference of a circle, divided into a longer arc of length "a" and a smaller arc of length "b" such that: +The golden angle is then the angle subtended by the smaller arc of length "b". + += = = Wendy Rogers (politician) = = = +Wendy Rogers (born July 24, 1954) is an American far-right politician. She is a member of the Arizona State Senate from the 6th legislative district since 2021. +She is a supporter of Donald Trump. +Since her election, Rogers has been a controversial person, supporting white nationalists and appearing on TruNews. Rogers is a member of the Oath Keepers, an anti-government militia whose members took part in the 2021 U.S. Capitol attack. +In March 2022, the Republican-controlled Arizona Senate censured her. + += = = Christopher Luxon = = = +Christopher Mark Luxon (born 19 July 1970) is a New Zealand politician and businessman. He is the Prime Minister of New Zealand since 27 November 2023. He is the leader of the New Zealand National Party since 2021. He has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Botany electorate since 2020. He was the chief executive officer of Air New Zealand from 2012 to 2019. + += = = Debbie Ngarewa-Packer = = = +Debbie Anne Ngarewa-Packer is a New Zealand politician. She is a Member of Parliament and co-leader of the Māori Party, and is the leader and chief executive of the Ngāti Ruanui iwi. + += = = Karen (slang) = = = +Karen is a disparaging term for a white woman who is seen as entitled, privileged, or wanting something that is beyond normal. The term is often seen in memes about white women who some say use their white privilege to get something their own way. +Stereotypes used by ‘Karens’ are wanting to “speak to the manager“, being racist, or having a bob cut hairstyle. +The term has been seen as ageist, sexist, racist, classist, misogynistic and seeking to control women’s behavior. As of 2020, the term appeared largely in media and social media as a criticism of middle class white women, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic and Black Lives Matter protests. + += = = Bob cut = = = +A bob cut, also known as a bob, is a short to medium length haircut, in which the hair is usually cut straight around the head at about where the jaw is, but no longer than shoulder-length. It usually has bangs at the front. The standard bob cut shows the back of the neck and keeps all of the hair above the shoulders. +Hairdressers in the 1920s, whose training was mainly in arranging and curling long hair, did not realize that short hairstyles for women had become popular, and many barbers in many cities found lines of women outside their shops, waiting to have short bob cuts. + += = = Danai Gurira = = = +Danai Jekesai Gurira (; born February 14, 1978) is an American actress and playwright. She is best known for her starring roles as Michonne on the AMC horror drama series "The Walking Dead" (2012–2020) and as Okoye in the Marvel Cinematic Universe superhero movies. She also wrote the Broadway play "Eclipsed", for which she was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Play. Gurira has won three Saturn Awards during her career. +Gurira identifies as a Zimbabwean-American. She speaks four languages: French, Shona, basic Xhosa, and English. + += = = Taihoku Imperial University = = = +Taihoku Imperial University is a university in Taipei. It was founded on March 16, 1928. At the time Japan controlled Taiwan. It was renamed National Taiwan University (NTU). After Japan lost the war, the Republic of China took over and made part of it the National Chung Hsing University. + += = = Funland, Rehoboth Beach = = = +Funland (Rehoboth Beach) is a family owned amusement park in Rehoboth Beach, Delaware. It has 19 rides. There are also family style games and an arcade. The park is off the Rehoboth Beach boardwalk. It opened in 1939 as The Rehoboth Beach Sports Center. It was purchased by the Faschnacht family in 1962., They changed the name to Funland. In 2023, it is owned and run by the Faschnacht family. Funland has some rides that were there when it was purchased. The two oldest rides are The Boats and The Fire Engines. Both of them were likely opened in 1946 or 1947. The park is known for its cheaply priced tickets and its Haunted Mansion ride. It is the only amusement park in the state of Delaware. Funland opened for its 61st season on May 7, 2022. +History. +Before the name was changed to Funland in 1962, the park was known as The Rehoboth Beach Sports Center. It was owned by the Dentino family. On March 6, 1962, nine days before the sale was final, the Ash Wednesday Storm of 1962 started. The storm lasted three days. The Rehoboth Beach Sports Center was one of the few business that were not destroyed by the storm. It was damaged but the Faschnacht family decided they still wanted buy it. Funland gets between 250,000 and 350,000 visitors each year. +Rides. +Funland has 19 rides. It also has a play area for children. Five of the nineteen rides were there when Funland was bought. These rides are the Merry Go Round, Boats, Fire Engines, Sky Fighters, and Helicopters.<ref name=":42"> + += = = Scinax dolloi = = = +Werner's Brazilian tree frog ("Scinax dolloi") is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have seen it in exactly one place, in the Mantiqueira Range. + += = = Back Home and Broke = = = +Back Home and Broke is a 1922 American silent comedy movie directed by Alfred E. Green and starring Thomas Meighan, Lila Lee, Frederick Burton, Cyril Ring, Larry Wheat, Eddie Borden, Maude Turner Gordon. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and is a lost movie. + += = = Ebb Tide (1922 movie) = = = +Ebb Tide is a 1922 American silent adventure movie directed by George Melford and is the adaption of the 1894 novel of the same name by Robert Louis Stevenson. It stars Lila Lee, James Kirkwood, Raymond Hatton, George Fawcett, Noah Beery, Jacqueline Logan and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. It is a lost movie. + += = = Sonia Manzano = = = +Sonia Manzano (born 1950) is an American actress, best known for playing Maria in "Sesame Street". + += = = Zeteny Jano = = = +Zeteny Jano (born 13 March 2005) is an Austrian professional footballer. He plays as midfielder for Austrian Second League club Liefering. He also plays for the FC Salzburg squad in the UEFA Youth League 2021-22 and the U18 team of the Red Bull Academy. +Club career. +He started in Hungary with Soproni VSE and SC Sopron. 2018 he went to SC Lichtenwörth and in the same year to the Red Bull Salzburg Academy where he played in all three teams. +In February 2022 he debuted for FC Liefering when he came in for Luka Reischl in minute 74 versus SKN St. Pölten. He also played five matches for FC Salzburg U19 in the UEFA Youth League 2021-22. In July 2023 he received a contract with Red Bull Salzburg until 2027. He stayed with the farm team. +International. +Jano made his debut in September 2021 against Denmark for the Austrian U-17 team. In September 2022 he made his debut versus Sweden for the U-18 team. + += = = Senyera = = = +The Senyera is a vexillological symbol based on the coat of arms of the Crown of Aragon. This coat of arms is usually called "bars of Aragon." +Quadra-Salcedo died in Madrid on May 20, 2016 at the age of 84. + += = = Depression (economics) = = = +A depression is a long period of time in which the economy of a country is not working well. It is usually marked by a large number of people being without jobs. A depression is a more severe kind of recession. A depression can last for several years. In addition to high unemployment, depressions hurt banks, trade and manufacturing. Prices fall, credit is harder to get and there is an increase in bankruptcies. +A depression in one country can quickly spread to other countries. For example the Panic of 1873 started in Vienna and spread to other parts of Europe and to America, bringing what was called "the Great Depression" until a worse one came in 1929. +The Great Depression. +The Great Depression (1929-39) was the longest lasting and deepest economic depression in the history of the modern industrial world. It started after the U.S. stock market crash in 1929. The prices on the Wall Street stock market fell from October 24 to October 29, 1929. It sent Wall Street into a panic. Millions of investors were financially ruined. By 1933 nearly half the banks in the United States had failed and between 13 and 15 million Americans were unemployed. The beginnings of World War II in Europe ended the depression. The Great Depression affected countries worldwide. Unlike previous depressions in which a few countries were hurt, the Great Depression was felt by nearly all industrialized countries. Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North and South America all suffered. Countries tried to protect their own economies by raising tariffs on goods they imported into their countries. This caused world trade to fall by some 30 percent. An estimated 30 million people were unemployed worldwide by 1932. +The Great Depression had far-reaching political consequences. As economies failed some people looked to military dictators to save their countries. For example, countries like Argentina and several in Central America had dictators. In Germany, Italy and Japan, Fascism took hold which directly led to World War II. In the Soviet Union the depression allowed Joseph Stalin to come to power. He exiled millions to labor camps and began a reign of terror called the Great Purge. As many as 20 million Soviets died in the 1930s alone. In the west, one response was Welfare Capitalism. This took hold in countries such as Canada, France and Great Britain. +Signs of a depression. +As of 2013, some countries in Europe were suffering greater unemployment than they did during the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Gross domestic product has been shrinking faster than some European nations can cut spending. Europe's financial crisis shows every sign of getting worse, not better. While called a recession by some government officials, economists are already calling it a depression. As European countries are locked into the Euro they cannot devalue their own currency to adjust their economies. This means they cannot lower the price of their exports to make them more attractive and so cannot achieve a balance of trade. + += = = You Don't Own Me = = = +"You Don't Own Me" is a popular song. This single was recorded by Lesley Gore when she was 17 years old in 1963. It was written by Philadelphia songwriters David White and John Madara. The song hit #2 on the "Billboard" Pop Singles Chart in the United States. It was #2 for three straight weeks during February 1964. +The song is about a woman telling her man he should never tell her what to do or what to say. The man should also not put her on display. It is considered to be a feminist anthem with a connection to the civil rights movement. +Other singers have covered the song, like Dusty Springfield, Joan Jett and Grace Sewell. +Lyrics. +You don't own me +I'm not just one of your many toys +You don't own me +Don't say I can't go with other boys +And don't tell me what to do +Don't tell me what to say +And please, when I go out with you +Don't put me on display 'cause +You don't own me +Don't try to change me in any way +You don't own me +Don't tie me down 'cause I'd never stay +I don't tell you what to say +I don't tell you what to do +So just let me be myself +That's all I ask of you +I'm young and I love to be young +I'm free and I love to be free +To live my life the way I want +To say and do whatever I please +And don't tell me what to do +Oh, don't tell me what to say +And please, when I go out with you +Don't put me on display +I don't tell you what to say +Oh, don't tell you what to do +So just let me be myself +That's all I ask of you +I'm young and I love to be young +I'm free and I love to be free + += = = Frutigen = = = +Frutigen is a municipality in Frutigen-Niedersimmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. + += = = Burgistein = = = +Burgistein is a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. + += = = William Safire = = = +William Lewis Safir (December 17, 1929 – September 27, 2009), better known as William Safire (), was an American author, columnist, journalist, and presidential speechwriter. +He was best known as a long-time political columnist for the "New York Times" and the author of "On Language" in the "New York Times Magazine", a column on popular etymology, new or unusual usages, and other language-related topics from its inception. +Safire died from pancreatic cancer at a hospice in Rockville, Maryland, on September 27, 2009, aged 79. + += = = Sándor Tarics = = = +Sándor Tarics (23 September 1913 – 21 May 2016) was a Hungarian water polo player. He won a gold medal in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was born in Budapest. +He attended the 2012 London Olympics as the oldest living Olympic champion and turned 100 in September 2013. +Tarics died in San Francisco, California on 21 May 2016 at the age of 102. + += = = Friedrich Schattleitner = = = +Friedrich Schattleitner (28 September 1923 – 4 May 2016) was an Austrian sport shooter. He competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics, where he finished 35th among a field of 86 competitors in the 50 m rifle - prone position event. He was born in Kalwang. + += = = Sylvia Kauders = = = +Sylvia Kauders (December 1, 1921 – May 5, 2016) was an American movie, TV and theater actress. She was known for many small but known roles on Broadway and in movies. +She was known for her roles in "American Splendor", "Analyze That", "Predator 2", "City Hall", two Woody Allen movies: "Crimes and Misdemeanors" (1989) and "Manhattan Murder Mystery" (1993). She appeared in "Inside Llewyn Davis" (2013) by Joel and Ethan Coen. +Kauders died on May 5, 2016 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from a heart attack, aged 94. + += = = Tonita Castro = = = +Tonita Castro (1952/53 – May 8, 2016) was a Mexican-born American actress. She was born in Guadalajara, Mexico. She appeared on television shows such as "Little Britain USA", "The Sarah Silverman Program", "Kroll Show", "Life in Pieces", and "Dads". She also appeared on movies such as "Imagine That", "Funny People", "Our Family Wedding", "Bad Ass", "Seeking a Friend for the End of the World" and "The Book of Life". +Castro died on May 8, 2016 from stomach cancer in Los Angeles, California, aged 63. + += = = Gaston Berghmans = = = +Gaston Petrus Bernardina Berghmans (11 March 1926 – 21 May 2016) was a Flemish actor and comedian. From 1972 through 1993, he and Leo Martin formed a comic duo called Gaston and Leo. They also made four mvoies together: "The boat to Spain" (1982), "Thugs" (1984), "The Panic Sowers" (1986) and "Gaston en Leo in Hong Kong" (1988). + += = = Marion Tournon-Branly = = = +Marion Tournon-Branly (23 September 1924 – 15 May 2016) was a French architect. She was born in Paris. His father was architect Paul Tournon and mother was painter Élisabeth Branly. She studied at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts. She worked with her father and Auguste Perret. +She designed villas, elementary schools, buildings for the Fleury Abbey and the modern church of the Fontenelle Abbey. +Tournon-Branly died in Paris on 15 May 2016, aged 91. + += = = Benjamin de Roo = = = +Benjamin hielke de Roo (11 February 1940 – 17 May 2016) was an Dutch-born Australian gymnast. He was born in Enschede, the Netherlands. In 1957 his family immigrated to Australia. In 1960, he became Australian citizen. He competed for Australia at the 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics. +De Roo died at a hospital in Katoomba, New South Wales on 17 May 2016 from complications of a stroke, aged 76. + += = = Ashure = = = +Ashure () is a traditional Middle Eastern pudding. Ashure is made from grains, dried fruits and nuts. There are no animal products (butter, milk, cheese, etc.) and ashure is vegan. Sufi Muslims make it to celebrate the Day of Ashura. +The Armenian version of the grain pudding ashure is called anoushabour. Since Armenians serve this pudding during Christmas and on New Year's Eve. + += = = Gritstone = = = +Gritstone or grit is a hard, coarse-grained, siliceous sandstone. This term is especially applied to sandstones quarried for building material. +British gritstone was used for millstones to mill flour, to grind wood into pulp for paper and for grindstones to sharpen blades. "Grit" is often applied to sandstones with angular sand grains. It may commonly contain small pebbles or breccia. +Millstone Grit is an informal term for gritstones found in the Peak District and Pennines of northern England. These sediments were laid down in the late (upper) Paleozoic era, in the Carboniferous period, in deltaic conditions. The Millstone Grit Group is a formal stratigraphic term for this sequence of rocks. + += = = Goofy and Wilbur = = = +Goofy and Wilbur is an animated cartoon short. It was made by Walt Disney Productions. It was released by RKO Radio Pictures on March 17, 1939. It was the first cartoon with Goofy in a solo role without either Mickey Mouse or Donald Duck. +In this cartoon Goofy goes fishing with his pet grasshopper, Wilbur. They have nothing but bad luck. The smarter dog, Goofy, and his dumb insect friend catch fish in a fishing net using Wilbur as bait. This cartoon shows a lot of violence, because Wilbur is nearly, or perhaps actually, killed. +The cartoon is known for its 13 slapstick adventures during the eight minutes of action. It was released two years after "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" (1937) and a year before "Pinocchio" and "Fantasia" (both in 1940). +Plot. +Goofy and his friend Wilbur, a tame grasshopper, team up for a fishing expedition. Goofy decides to use Wilber as bait, but he realizes too late that his friend might actually get eaten by a fish. Goofy has a boat he is rowing and a net, but no fishing rod. Wilbur, being a live bug, becomes the perfect choice for bait inside their fishing net, which will attract the fish as food. +Wilber's life depends on Goofy to save the little bug, who becomes the bait for a half-dozen fish. As Wilber gets tricked again and again, he is at last swallowed by a frog; then that frog gets eaten by a stork, all while Goofy desperately attempts a chasing rescue. In the end Wilbur hatches out of the stork egg, and to Goofy's relief, seems okay. It is not explained how Wilber ended up in the egg of the stork. One blog writer says: "I wonder if Goofy has had a psychotic break at the end of the cartoon, and the reappearance of Wilbur is simply a delusion." + += = = Gate of Yemen = = = +Gate of Yemen () is the main gate of the old city of Sana'a, the capital of Yemen. The gate is in a square in the northern wall of the old city. It was built in the 17th Century by the Turks. + += = = Peak District = = = +The Peak District is an upland area in England at the southern end of the Pennines. It is mostly in northern Derbyshire but also includes parts of Cheshire, Greater Manchester, Staffordshire and Yorkshire. +The area has two main parts. The northern 'Dark Peak' is where most of the moorland is found. Its geology is gritstone. The southern 'White Peak' is where most of the population lives: its geology is mainly limestone. +Much of the area is uplands above , with a high point on Kinder Scout of . Despite its name, the landscape generally lacks sharp peaks, but has rounded hills and gritstone escarpments (the "edges"). The area is surrounded by major conurbations, including Huddersfield, Manchester, Sheffield, Derby and Stoke-on-Trent. +The area is very difficult to travel across. The roads are few and narrow. This is due to the terrain, which is hilly, rough and uneven. Major motorways run east and west of the area. +The Peak District National Park became the first national park in the United Kingdom in 1951. It attracts many visitors every year. +Geology. +The Peak District is formed almost exclusively from sedimentary rocks dating from the Carboniferous period. They comprise the Carboniferous limestone, the overlying gritstone and finally the coal measures at the margins of the area. There are outcrops of igneous rocks including lavas, tuffs and volcanic vent agglomerates. The Peak District is like a broad dome (see image below). +Earth movements after the Carboniferous period resulted in the up-doming of the area. This resulted in the dome-like shape. The shale and sandstone were worn away until limestone was exposed. At the end of this period, the Earth's crust sank here which led to the area being covered by sea, depositing a variety of new rocks. +Some time after its deposition, mineral veins were formed in the limestone. These veins and rakes have been mined for lead since Roman times. +The Peak District was covered by ice during at least one of the ice ages of the last 2 million years. Glacial meltwaters eroded a complex of sinuous channels along the margin of the Peak District during this period. Glacial meltwaters helped form many of the caves in the limestone area. Wild animal herds roamed the area, and their remains have been found in several of the local caves. +The different types of rock that lie beneath the soil strongly influence the landscape. They determine the vegetation and so the animals that will live in the area. Limestone has fissures (cracks) and is soluble in water, so rivers carve deep, narrow valleys. These rivers then often find a route underground, creating cave systems. Millstone Grit on the other hand is insoluble but porous, so it absorbs water. Water moves through the grits until it meets the less porous shales beneath, creating springs when it reaches the surface again. The shales are friable and easily attacked by frost. They form areas where landslides may occur, as on Mam Tor. + += = = English National League = = = +The National League is a league for Association football teams in England (though some teams come from Wales). It is the fifth highest division of Football in England. The league is made up of professional and non professional clubs. +History. +The league was created in 1979 from the Northern Premier League and the Southern League. In 1987, teams began to be promoted to Football League Two, and since 2003, a second team was also promoted. The league was renamed from the Conference National to the National League in 2015. Vanarama also announced their sponsorship the same year, so the league became the Vanarama National League. +In 2004, two divisions were created below the main league, known as the National League North and National League South. In 2006, the league expanded from 22 to 24 teams. + += = = Finsterhennen = = = +Finsterhennen () is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. + += = = Trub = = = +Trub is a municipality of the administrative district of Emmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. +The mountain Napf is in the municipality. + += = = Internal Revenue Service = = = +The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is the part of the Federal government of the United States responsible for collecting taxes and enforcing tax laws. The IRS decides how much tax is owed and collects the revenue on a regular basis. The IRS is the largest bureau in the United States Department of the Treasury. It is one of the world's most efficient tax collection agencies. The IRS processed over 224 million tax forms and collected over $2 trillion in revenue in 2004. +The IRS collects taxes in advance by withholding them through employers. Individuals who overpay through tax withholding are issued refunds after they file their income tax return. In 2006 the Seattle Times reported that up to 11.6 million refunds were not paid back because the IRS suspected fraud. According to the Seattle Times the affected taxpayers were not informed of the reason for not getting their refund. Many or most of the people who were not issued refunds were low-income individuals +History. +Beginning in 1791, the federal government was supported by taxes on distilled beverages, tobacco, sugar, corporate bonds and slaves. These were indirect taxes, the only kind permitted by the United States Constitution. In 1812, the cost of the war added the first sales taxes on gold, jewelry, and silverware. In 1817, the government did away with all these taxes and relied on the funds from tariffs on imported goods. +During the American Civil War, funds were needed to finance the war. In 1861, Congress drafted a bill for a direct tax on personal and corporate income. This first income tax charged 3% on incomes over $800. The bill passed both houses of Congress but never went into effect. In 1862, however, Abraham Lincoln signed a bill that called for a 3% tax on incomes between $600 and $5,000, 7.5% on incomes between $5,000 and $10,000 and 10% on incomes over $10,000. There were debates in Congress over the constitutionality of the direct income tax, but no action was taken. It was allowed to expire in 1872 when it came up for renewal. +In 1862, Congress had authorized the office of Commissioner of Internal Revenue. Much as today, he had the power to assess, levy and collect taxes. He also had the right to enforce the tax laws by prosecution and seizing property and income. George S. Boutwell was the first commissioner of the Bureau of Internal Revenue. +In 1894, Congress passed the Wilson-Gorman Tariff. It reduced the Tariffs on certain imports into the United States. However, it made up for this by charging a 2% direct income tax. The Supreme Court, in "Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co" ruled the income tax unconstitutional a year later. The Court ruled that the Constitution did not allow an income tax without apportionment among the states. +On February 3, 1913, the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified. Free of the critical apportionment issue, it allowed Congress to impose an income tax. The Bureau of the IRS was charged with collecting income taxes. Personal income tax was 1% on income above $3,000. Incomes over $5,000 were subject to an additional 6% tax. Income taxes were as high as 77% in 1918 to help finance World War I. In 1929 they dropped to a high of 24% but rose again during the Great Depression in 1929. During World War II withholding and quarterly taxes were introduced. +In 1953, the Bureau of Internal Revenue reorganized and changed its name to the Internal Revenue Service. +In 1998, the IRS Restructuring and Reform Act again reorganized and modernized the agency. Taxpayer rights were further expanded. +The current Commissioner of Internal Revenue is Charles P. Rettig. + += = = Koh-i-Noor = = = +The Koh-i-Noor (also spelled Koh-i-Nûr and Kooh-è Noor) is a large, colourless diamond that was found near Guntur in Andhra Pradesh, India, possibly in the 13th century. The name means Mountain of Light in the Persian language. +Before it was cut for jewellery, it weighed . It was first owned by the Kakatiya dynasty. Ownership of the stone changed several times between various ruling groups in South Asia over the next few hundred years. The Koh-i-Noor ended up in the possession of Queen Victoria after the British conquest of the Punjab in 1849. It is now part of the British Crown Jewels, part of the Royal Collection held in trust by Queen Elizabeth II for her successors and the UK. +In 1852, Prince Albert, the husband of Queen Victoria, unhappy with its dull and irregular appearance, ordered it cut down from . It emerged 42 per cent lighter as a dazzling oval-cut brilliant weighing and measuring 3.6 cm x 3.2 cm x 1.3 cm. +Since arriving in the U.K., it has only ever been worn by female members of the family, starting with Queen Victoria. After Queen Victoria's death, the Koh-i-Noor was set in the crown of Queen Alexandra, the wife of Edward VII. It was used to crown her at their coronation in 1902. The diamond was transferred to Queen Mary's crown in 1911, and finally to the Queen Mother's crown in 1937. When The Queen Mother died in 2002, it was placed on top of her coffin for her state funeral. +Today, the diamond is set in the front of the crown, as part of the Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom. It is seen by millions of visitors to the Tower of London each year. + += = = Leonorilda Ochoa = = = +Leonorilda Ochoa Pagaza (30 October 1937 – 22 May 2016) was a Mexican actress and comedian. She was on movies, television, and theatre productions. She became popular as La Pecas in the sitcom "Los Beverly de Peralvillo" (1968-1973). She was born in Mexico City. She was in the movies "Capulina Speedy Gonzalez" (1970), "Los Beverly de Peralvillo" (1971) and "Que familia tan cotorra!" (1973). Her last telenovelas were "Rubí" (2004) and "Código postal" (2006-2007). +Ochoa died of Alzheimer's disease in Mexico City on 22 May 2016, aged 78. + += = = Send My Love (To Your New Lover) = = = +"Send My Love (To Your New Lover)" is a song recorded by English singer-songwriter Adele. It was on her third studio album, "25". It was released on streaming services on May 16, 2016. It was released to radio in the U.S. on May 17, 2016. It was the album's third single, after "Hello" and "When We Were Young". Adele has said that she heard fellow singer-songwriter Taylor Swift's 2012 single "I Knew You Were Trouble" and asked who the writers of that song were. After learning that they were producers Max Martin and Shellback, Adele worked with them on "25". +A music video of the song premiered on May 22 at the 2016 Billboard Music Awards. It was uploaded to the singer's official Vevo account soon afterwards. The video shows the singer in front of a black backdrop. +The song reached number 8 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 and number 1 on the Mainstream Top 40 (Pop Songs) chart. It reached the top five in the UK and the top 10 in Canada. It ranked #26 on the Year-End "Billboard" Hot 100 of 2016. +Critical reception. +"BBC News"' Mark Savage said this is a "nimble pop song" and wrote that it "shows a fresh, playful side to the star". +Rob Garratt of "The National (Abu Dhabi)" said the song is a "bouncy pop nugget" and it "falls into that classic pop tradition of transforming a turn-down into a lover's rebuke". +In a positive review, a writer for "The Hindu" wrote that the song is a "spritely song" and called it "an I'm-so-glad-you're-gone number". +"Los Angeles Times" Mikael Wood wrote that the song is "a welcome flash of sass". +Maeve McDermott and Patrick Ryan of "USA Today" included "Send My Love (To Your New Lover)" in their list of 2015's 50 best songs. McDermott wrote "this song is among the most interesting of her career". +Michael Arceneaux, of "Complex" magazine, says that the track was the least sad song on "25". He also wrote, "It’s a little melancholy, but it comes with some shimmy-inducing production". +"Business Insider"s Tony Manfred says this song is different from Adele's earlier work. He writes that "she wades into the waters of contemporary pop music like never before". +Nick Messitte of "Forbes" gave the song a positive review, writing "It’s got the grace of damning individuals without sinking to their level; it boasts nostalgia—not the least of which for a sound popularized in 2013". +"Vanity Fair"'s Josh Duboff called "Send My Love (To Your New Lover)" "the poppiest song Adele has ever recorded". He named it his "pick for the breakout track on "25"". +Music video. +A small clip of the video was released on Adele's Twitter page. She wears a flower-printed dress and sways while different scenes of her play on top of each other. The full music video was shown during the 2016 "Billboard" Music Awards on May 22, 2016. It also appeared on Adele's Vevo channel shortly after the show. + += = = Flag of Chile = = = +The national flag of Chile was adopted in 1817. +Appearance. +The flag shows two equally horizontal bands of white (top right); and red (bottom). There is a blue square (left of the white band). The squrare is the same height as the white band. The square shows a white five-pointed star in the center. +Protocol dictates that it can hang horizontally or vertically, but the star must always be located in the top-left corner. +The colors have meanings: +Note: the Chilean flag is similar to the flag of the American state of Texas. + += = = Coat of arms of Chile = = = +The Coat of Arms of Chile consist of a shield holding the national symbol of a star in a blue and red field. This shield is supported by a condor and huemul. +At the top of the shield are three feather plumes in the colors of the national flag. The center shield has the star found on the national flag on a blue and red background. The blue represents the sky, and the red represents the blood of martyrs, as well as the Andes. The condor and huemel are animals found in Chile. The crowns they wear are naval crowns, and represent the rich naval history of Chile. + += = = Chilean peso = = = +The peso is the money of Chile. It was divided into 100 "centavos". The number is written with a $ sign and then the number. +In 2011, 483.36 pesos were equal to one United States dollar. In 2014, 570.01 pesos are equal to one United States dollar. + += = = Ayora = = = +Ayora is a town in the Community of Valencia. It has 5,303 people. It is in the district of Valle de Ayora and the province of Valencia. +Ayora is in the inland and near Castilla-La Mancha. Sierra Palomera and Sierra del Mugrón are the mountains to the west. Muela de Cortes and Pico Caroig are the mountains to the east. The flat land to the south connects with Almansa. The river valley runs to the north. It connects with Confrentes. + += = = Nick Menza = = = +Nicholas "Nick" Menza (July 23, 1964 – May 21, 2016) was a German-born American professional drummer and songwriter. He was best known for his work in Megadeth from 1989 to 1998 and in 2004. He recorded drums on four of Megadeth's albums: "Rust in Peace" (1990), "Countdown to Extinction" (1992), "Youthanasia" (1994) and "Cryptic Writings" (1997). +Menza died on May 21, 2016 from heart failure while performing with his band, OHM, in Los Angeles, California, aged 51. + += = = Alexander Van der Bellen = = = +Alexander Van der Bellen (born 18 January 1944) is an Austrian politician and economist. He is the President of Austria since 2017. He won the 2016 election after multiple court battles and narrow victories. He was sworn into office on 26 January 2017 officially becoming the president. Van der Bellen is the country's second green president and the first to be directly elected by popular vote. He was re-elected in 2022. +Early life. +Van der Bellen was born in Vienna. His father was Russian and his mother was Estonian. He is the son of aristocratic refugees from Russia's Bolshevik Revolution. They first escaped from Pskov to Estonia. +In 1962, he graduated from the Akademisches Gymnasium in Innsbruck. He studied economics at the University of Innsbruck. He received a doctorate in 1970. +Political career. +Van der Bellen is a retired professor of economics at the University of Vienna. He is a member of the Austrian Green Party. He served as a member of the National Council from 1994 to 2012. He was the chairman of the parliamentary club and federal spokesperson of his party from 1997 to 2008. +Presidency (since 2017). +He ran as a nominally independent candidate supported by the Green Party in the 2016 presidential election, and finished second in the first round before winning the second round against far-right candidate Norbert Hofer. A second election was ordered since the votes were too narrow. In December 2016, Van der Bellen won the election with more votes. He became the first Austrian president to be directly elected by popular vote. He took office on 26 January 2017. +He was re-elected in October 2022 with almost 57% of the vote. +Political views. +Van der Bellen supports green and social liberal policies, and is supportive of the European Union. + += = = John Brophy = = = +John Brophy (January 20, 1933 – May 23, 2016) was a Canadian ice hockey coach and former hockey player. He was born and raised in Antigonish, Nova Scotia. +Brophy spent most of his career in minor professional leagues, including 18 years as a player in the Eastern Hockey League and 13 seasons as a coach in the East Coast Hockey League. From 1986 to 1988, he was head coach of the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League. +Brophy died in his sleep at his home in Antigonish on the morning of May 23, 2016 from a long-illness, aged 83. + += = = Aar de Goede = = = +Arie "Aar" de Goede (21 May 1928 – 16 May 2016) was a Dutch politician. He was a member of the Democrats 66. He served in the House of Representatives (1967–1973), European Parliament (1979–1984) and Senate (1986–1987). As part of the executive he was State Secretary of Finance between 1973 and 1977. +De Goede died in Zoeterwoude on 16 May 2016, aged 87. + += = = Suberin = = = +Suberin is a waxy, waterproof substance that is found in plants. It is described as having a 'rubbery' material. Suberin blocks the movement of water and solutes. It is in the walls of cork cells. Suberin is named after the cork oak, "Quercus suber". + += = = Akhtar Mansour = = = +Mullah Akhtar Mohammed Mansoor (; pronounced or ; 2 June 1953 – 21 May 2016) was an Afghan politician, soldier, Islamic scholar and a religious leader who was the 2nd Leader of the Taliban from 2015 until his death in 2016. Previously, he was the First Deputy Leader of the Taliban from 2010 to 2015, Second Deputy Leader of the Taliban from 2007 to 2010, and also a Member of the Leadership Council of Afghanistan from 2002 to 2007 and the Civil Aviation Minister of Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001. +Mansour took power over the Taliban after the death of his predecessor, Mullah Omar in 2013. However, Mansour served as acting leader and wasn't officially sworn in on 29 Juky 2015 when they officially admitted Omar's death. +During Mansour's rule, the Taliban expanded greatly in Afghanistan. He also greatly improved ties with al-Qaeda by meeting their leader, Ayman al-Zawahiri, the successor and close ally of Osama bin Laden. +A United States Department of Defense official has announced that Mansour was killed in a U.S. drone strike in Ahmad Wal, Pakistan while driving his car to visit his family get medical treatment for some of his injuries on 21 May 2016, at the age of 62. He was succeeded by his first deputy, Hibatullah Akhundzada, who successfully retook power over Afghanistan following the Fall of Kabul on 15 August 2021. + += = = The Scream (1893) = = = +The Scream is Edvard Munch's most famous painting. It is an example of modern art. +The picture shows an imaginary creature with its mouth and eyes open. +Munch got the idea for the painting when he was walking with friends. It was sunset and the sky was red, like the color of blood. Munch heard a sound in his ears, like the sound of nature screaming. +The painting was made with oil, tempera and pastel on cardboard. The size of the painting is 91 x 73.5 cm (35 7/8 x 29"). The painting is in the Nasjonalgalleriet (National Gallery) in Oslo, Norway. +From 1893 to 1910, Munch made four paintings of “The Scream”. Three of the paintings are in Norwegian museums. The fourth painting has a private owner. +In 1994, thieves stole the painting from the Norwegian National Gallery. Three months later, the painting was found. The value of the painting is about $55 million. + += = = Lamboing = = = +Lamboing was a municipality of the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Lamboing, Diesse and Prêles merged into the new municipality of Plateau de Diesse. + += = = Steffisburg = = = +Steffisburg is a municipality in Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020, the municipality Schwendibach became part of Steffisburg. + += = = Hebron Old Jewish Cemetery = = = +Hebron Jewish Cemetery is an ancient cemetery in Hebron. the cemetery was open in 1290 near the "Cave of the Patriarchs (Tel Rumeida of today)". + += = = The Last Judgment (Toma din Suceava) = = = +The Last Judgment is a fresco by Toma din Suceava at the Moldovita Monastery in Romania. The name of the work in Romanian is "Judecata de Apoi". +"The Last Judgment" covers the west wall of the monastery. It shows the day of judgment with a river of fire and the dead coming out of the sea. Prince Mohammed is one of the heretics. There are 105 paintings of angels near the roof. +The Moldovita Monastery also has famous frescos of the "Siege of Constantinople" and the "Tree of Jesse", showing Christ's genealogy. +Prince Rares and the artists. +The Moldovita Monastery is a UNESCO site. It was started in 1532 by Prince Petru Rares, the illegitimate son of Stephen the Great. It was built on the location of an old stone church built by Alexandru cel Bun (1400-1432). The old church fell in the early 16th century because of rain and landslides. +Petru Rares ruled Moldavia between 1527-1538 and 1541-1546. He had new ideas for the churches in Bukovina. Rares hired artists to cover the walls of the churches with complicated designs of saints, prophets, and scenes from the life of Jesus. +The best preserved monasteries are in Sucevita, Moldovita, Voronet, Humor, Suceava, Pătrăuţi, and Probota. Seven monasteries were put on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1993. The Moldovita Monastery was consecrated to the Annunciation (Romanian: "Bunei Vestiri") on March 25. It is one of five monasteries in northern Moldavia with frescoes painted on the outside walls. +The monastery is in the style of Moldavian Gothic architecture. It combines Gothic and Byzantine elements. It is a Romanian Orthodox monastery. +The Moldoviţa frescoes were completed by Toma of Suceava in 1537. Toma of Suceava's painting is in the Italian Renaissance style, with humanized characters. +The Last Judgment in art. +The theme of death is a common subject for religious art, but the frescos in the monasteries in northern Moldavia are special. These frescos are more complex than art in other areas of the former Byzantine Empire. The Moldovan work was a model for Mount Athos. +The oldest image of the Last Judgment is from the seventh century CE. It is in the "Christian Topography" of Cosmas Indicopleustes. The manuscript is in the Vatican library. The first known frightening picture of the Judgment in fresco are from 1075. They are in the church "San Angelo in Formis" near Naples. The oldest mosaic with this theme is in Venice, in the church of Torcello. It is probably from the twelfth century. + += = = Canton of Capellen = = = +Capellen () is a canton in Luxembourg. Its capital is Capellen. +History. +On 1 January 2012, the "communes" of Bascharage and Clemency were combined to make the new "commune" of Käerjeng. +Geography. +With an area of , and a population (2017) of 47,209, the Capellen canton has a population density of inhabitants/km2. +The canton has the Redange canton to the north, the Mersch canton to northeast, the Luxembourg canton to the east and the Esch-sur-Alzette canton to the south. The canton borders, to the west, the "arrondissement" of Arlon in Belgium. +Communes. +The Capellen canton consists of the following 10 communes (2017 population). + += = = Emergency medical services = = = +Emergency medical services (EMS), also known as ambulance services or paramedic services, are agencies that deal with medical emergencies, mostly by sending ambulances or other vehicles to help people who are severely ill or injured. Their job is to treat these people at the incident and to take them to a hospital if needed. There are several types types of staffing. Most Ambulances and other medical vehicles have personnel who provide Advanced levels of Emergency Medical Care. This is called Advanced Life Support (ALS). Sometimes it is called Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS). Some ambulances or other medical vehicles also have staff with more basic training,and they are known as Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs). They provide Basic levels of Emergency Medical Care. This is called Basic Life Support (BLS). Sometimes there are both on Ambulances. Doctors sometimes assist with care. +The exact role of the emergency medical services varies by country. In some countries like the US and UK, their job is seen as bringing the patients from an incident to treatment. Until the 1970s, their ambulances carried patients to hospital and gave them little medical care. Since then, paramedics have been trained to give some medical care before they get to hospital. Other countries like France and Germany run them in a different way, where their job is seen as bringing treatment to the patients. In those countries, doctors work on ambulances and they try to treat patients at the scene rather than take them to the hospital. +The type of organization that provides emergency medical services also varies by country. This may be: + += = = Canton of Clervaux = = = +Clervaux () is a canton in Luxembourg. Its capital is Clervaux. +Geography. +With an area of , and a population (2017) of 17,631, the Clervaux canton has a population density of inhabitants/km2. +It is bordered on the north by the "arrondissement" of Verviers in Belgium, to the east by the German district of Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm (part of the "Land" of Rhineland-Palatinate), to the southeast by the Vianden canton, to the south by the Diekirch canton, to the southwest by the Wiltz canton, and to the west by the "arrondissement" of Bastogne in Belgium. +Communes. +The Clervaux canton has 5 communes (2017 population). + += = = Adolf Born = = = +Adolf Born (12 June 1930 – 22 May 2016) was a Czech painter, illustrator, caricaturist, animator and film-maker. He was known as a children's illustrator for most of his career. Born was a finalist for the biennial, international Hans Christian Andersen Award in 2008. The asteroid 17806 Adolfborn is named after him. +Born died on 22 May 2016 in Prague at the age of 85. + += = = Lucjan Avgustini = = = +Lucjan Avgustini (August 28, 1963 – May 22, 2016) was an Albanian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sapë. +Avgustini was born in Ferizaj, SFR Yugoslavia. Avgustini was a priest of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Prizren from 1989 to 2006. In 2006, he was made the Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sapë in Albania. +Avgustini died on May 22, 2016 from a brain tumor in Vau i Dejës, Albania, aged 52. + += = = Bata Živojinović = = = +Velimir "Bata" Živojinović (Serbian Cyrillic: ������� "����" �����������; 5 June 1933 – 22 May 2016) was a Serbian actor and politician. His best known movie was "Valter brani Sarajevo". He become popular in China for his role in the movie. In 1990 he was elected for the Serbian Parliament, as a member of the Socialist Party of Serbia. He was a candidate in the September-October 2002 presidential election, receiving 3.27% of the popular vote. +Živojinović died on 22 May 2016 in Belgrade from complications of gangrene at the age of 82. + += = = Veiled Christ = = = +The Veiled Christ (Italian: "Cristo velato") is a statue made of marble. It was made by Giuseppe Sanmartino. It is in Cappella Sansevero, Naples. +The sculpture, made in 1753, is considered one of the world's masterpieces. Antonio Canova who once tried to acquire the work declared that he would willingly give up ten years of his own life to produce a similar masterpiece. +History and description. +The order for the Veiled Christ was given to Antonio Corradini. However, he died a short time later. +Sanmartino took over the work. He decided to place the Christ figure on a couch, covered by a veil. It was to show the suffering that Christ has undergone. +At the sculpture's feet, finally, the artist also carves the instruments of his torture: the crown of thorns, pliers, and some shackles. +Legend of the veil. +An analysis shows that the work is completely made in marble. A receipt of payment to Sanmartino dated 16 December 1752, signed by the prince, is preserved in the historical archive of the Bank of Naples. It states: + += = = Ljubiša Samardžić = = = +Ljubiša Samardžić (19 November 1936 – 8 September 2017) was a Serbian actor and director. He was best known as "Šurda" in the popular television series "Vruć vetar". He was a popular cinema actor in the Serbian movie industry. Samardžić was a member of the Central Committee of Yugoslav Communist Party in late 1980s. +Samardžić was born in Skopje, Kingdom of Yugoslavia. + += = = Isaac Parker = = = +Isaac Charles Parker (October 15, 1838 – November 17, 1896) was an American politician and jurist. He served as the United States Congressman for Missouri's 7th congressional district for two terms and presided over the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas for 21 years. He was known as the "Hanging Judge". +Parker died of complications due to Bright's disease in Fort Smith, aged 58. +In 21 years on the federal bench, Parker tried 13,490 cases; more than 8,500 defendants either pleaded guilty or were convicted at trial. He sentenced 160 people to death and 79 were executed; the others died while incarcerated, were acquitted, pardoned, or their sentences were commuted. +Other websites. + += = = Clash of Clans = = = +Clash of Clans is a freemium mobile strategy game made by the Finnish company Supercell. It was released to the App Store for iOS platforms on August 2, 2012 and to Google Play for Android on October 7, 2013. +"Clash of Clans" is a massively multiplayer online game where players train their troops and attack other players' towns to earn gold and elixir, the in-game currency. Gold and elixir can be used to build defenses for the player's town, make upgrades, and more. Also, players can join a group called a clan to help its members or to receive help from them. + += = = Mario Almada = = = +Mario Almada Otero (born January 7, 1922 – October 4, 2016) was a Mexican actor. His career has lasted for over 70 years. He has appeared in over 300 movies. He was most known for his roles in urban westerns and action movies. +Almada died in his sleep of natural causes in Mexico City, Mexico, aged 94. + += = = Manuel Valdés = = = +Manuel "El Loco" Valdés (29 January 1931 – 28 August 2020) was a Mexican actor and comedian. He was member of the Valdés family. He was the brother of Ramón Valdés (aka "Don Ramón"), from the sitcom "El Chavo", and Germán Valdés (aka "Tin Tan"). +He was also the father of singer Cristian Castro and Marcos Valdés. +He was known for his roles in "La Carabina de Ambrosio", "La pulquería", "La leyenda de la Nahuala", "Caperucita y Pulgarcito contra los monstruos" and "Calabacitas tiernas". He was in three telenovelas: "Amy, la niña de la mochila azúl" (2004), "Entre el amor y el odio" (2002) and "Siempre te amaré" (2000). +Valdés died on 28 August 2020 from problems caused by pancreatic cancer in Mexico City, aged 89. + += = = Pasir Ris = = = +Pasir Ris is a place in the east of Singapore. It is near Changi. The Pasir Ris MRT Station is located here. + += = = Acid–base reaction = = = +An acid-base reaction is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base. The products of such a reaction are a salt and water. This reaction may also regarded as neutralization reaction. +The reaction can be simplified to +The other ions remain constant because they are not affected by the reaction. They are called spectator ions. +Acids and oxides. +An example of an acid-oxide reaction is sulfuric acid and copper(II) oxide reacting to form copper sulfate and water: +Another example of an acid-oxide reaction is nitric acid reacting with sodium oxide to form sodium nitrate and water: +The general equation is: +Acids and hydroxides. +This is one of the more common acid-base reactions. This reaction is one of the few processes to make sodium chloride using hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide: +Acids and carbonates. +An acid can also react with a carbonate, which is a relatively weak base. An example is +acetic acid reacting with calcium carbonate to form calcium acetate, carbon dioxide and water: +The products of an acid-carbonate reaction is a soluble salt, carbon dioxide and water. + += = = Auswil = = = +Auswil is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Berne in Switzerland. + += = = The Parish Church of St. Lawrence = = = +The Parish Church of St. Lawrence in Radymno is a historic church in Poland. It is in the Przemyśl archdiocese. +The church was built in the years 1724-1730 in the Baroque style. The bishop Aleksander Antoni Fredro was the prime mover of this facture. By the church there is a belfry from the year 1729, an antique manse and a nuns' home. During the First World War St. Lawrence's church was vastly damaged but shortly after the war it was renovated. After the Second World War the aim was to embellish the temple which is why, the front of the church and the belfry renovations. The temple's historic door was rebuilt as well. +The interior has got 7 altars. Some of the altars are: St. Anna's altar, Jezus's Sacred Heart altar, St. Agnes's altar and St. Nicholas's altar. Inside the church there is a solid pulpit which has got a rich wood carving decoration. There is also the fontal source with figures of Jesus and John the Baptist. It comes from the first half of the 19th century. + += = = Ballmoos = = = +Ballmoos was a municipality of the district of Fraubrunnen in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2010, the municipality of Ballmoos merged into the municipality of Jegenstorf. + += = = Scion FR-S = = = +The Scion FR-s is a sports car developed by Toyota and Subaru. It features a rear wheel drive drivetrain and 2+2 seating. +It is sold worldwide under three different brands with respective model names: + += = = Great Seal = = = +Great Seal might refer to the official seal of a political unit, such as: + += = = Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond = = = +Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond (Welsh: "Edmwnd ap Owain ap Maredudd ap Tudur"; 11 June 1430 — 3 November 1456) was a Welsh knight and nobleman who was the Earl of Richmond from 1452 until his death in 1456. Edmund was the father of Henry VII, who invaded England and became king of England in 1485. He was the oldest child of Owen Tudor and his wife, the dowager queen Catherine of Valois. He was also a half-brother to Henry VI. +In 1455, he married the 12-year-old woman, Lady Margaret Beaufort, who would become one of the most powerful women in Europe. He was a brave knight. He participated in the War of the Roses fighting for the Lancaster side. However, while he was fighting, he was captured by a Yorkist soilder and was imprisoned at Carmarthen Castle where he was murdered there at the age of 26. He was buried at St David's Cathedral in Pembrokeshire. His only child would be born two months after his death. + += = = Algonquin Provincial Park = = = +Algonquin Provincial Park is a provincial park in Canada. It is the oldest provincial park in the province of Ontario, opened in 1893. It is very large at 7,653 square kilometres (2,955 square miles), and is the third largest provincial park in Ontario after Polar Bear and Wabakimi. The park contains many streams, lakes, rivers, and other water sources. Its forests are a mix of deciduous and coniferous. The variety of environments in the park makes it home to many species of plants and animals, and it is an important park for wildlife research. It is a very popular park with campers because of its size and how close it is to large cities such as Toronto and Ottawa. +In 1992 Algonquin Park became a National Historic Site of Canada. +History. +Algonquin Park started as a logging area, where people would come to cut down trees. A group of loggers wanted to make the area a park because of how beautiful it was and to protect the animals that lived there. In 1892 a request was made by five members of the government asking for a park to be opened on the land. The next year in 1893 the park was officially made. It was the first provincial park in Ontario, but when it was opened it was called a national park. It was changed to a provincial park in 1913. +In 1896 a railway was built on the park. In 1898 cottages, lodges and camps started being sold to tourists, and in 1908 the first hotel in the park was built. The hotel was very popular. After that hotel opened others started being built. +Activities. +The park is a very popular place for outdoor activities all year. Many people camp in campgrounds on the park. Fishing, hiking, horse riding and canoeing are other popular things to do. In winter people skate on the lakes, and the park opens their own skating rink. +There is also a museum, called the Algonquin Logging Museum, on the park. This museum tells people about the history of the park as well as the logging that happens today. There is a book store, exhibits with information about the park and a remade version of a logging camp from the late 1800s. + += = = University of Trieste = = = +University of Trieste ("Università degli Studi di Trieste") is a university in Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, Italy. It was founded in 1924. The university is composed of 10 faculties. + += = = Ladies' Code = = = +Ladies' Code () was a South Korean girl group formed by Polaris Entertainment and 1TheK (formerly LOEN Music) in 2013. The group originally consisted of five members: Ashley, Sojung, EunB, Rise and Zuny. Their debut album was "Code#01". +They won the New Artist of The Year award at Gaon Kpop Chart Awards and the MBC music star award at MelON music awards. +On September 3, 2014, at 1:20 KST time, the group was involved in a car crash which killed members EunB and Rise, leaving the group as a trio. +In late 2015, Ladies' Code and the other Polaris artists held a memorial concert for the dead members. +In 2016, Ladies Code returned for the first time since the accident with the single album "Myst3ry". +Members. +Current members +Past members + += = = Jan Kochanowski = = = +Jan Kochanowski (; 1530 – 22 August 1584) was a Polish Renaissance poet, translator and playwright. He is generally regarded as one of the greatest poets in Polish literature. +Biography. +Jan Kochanowski was born into a noble family in the village of Sycyna, Poland. His parents were +Piotr Kochanowski, a lawyer and judge, and Anna Białaczowska. Among their 11 children, two of Jan's brothers were also writers. He studied at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow. Then he attended the University of Königsberg (Królewiec), in Ducal Prussia, and Padua University in Italy. He returned to Poland in 1559. In 1563 he became a secretary at the royal court of Sigismund II Augustus. He married Dorota Podlodowska around 1575 and settled at the family estate at Czarnolas ("Blackwood"). Kochanowski is sometimes called "Jan z Czarnolasu" ("John of Blackwood"). He died of a heart attack in 1584 in the town of Lublin. +Works. +Jan Kochanowski wrote in Polish and Latin. He wrote "Fraszki", a cycle of epigrams, "Pieśni" ("Cantos") and "Treny" ("Laments"). The last work was written by the poet after death of his daughter Ursula. He lost another daughter, named Hanna, too. Kochanowski wrote also "Pieśń świętojańska o Sobótce" ("Midsummer Night's Song") and "Odprawa połów greckich" ("The Dismissal of the Grecian Envoys"). Many of his poems are free translations from Horace. Kochanowski translated "The Book of Psalms" and "Chess" by Marco Girolamo Vida. Kochanowski established rules of Polish versification and introduced sonnet to Polish poetry. Many poems by Kochanowski were translated into English. +The translator Piotr Kochanowski was Jan Kochanowski's nephew. + += = = Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria = = = +The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir presumptive to the throne of Austria-Hungary, and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, happened on 28 June 1914 in Sarajevo. They were shot dead by Gavrilo Princip. +Princip was one of a group of seven assassins (five from Serbia and one from Bosnia) from the Black Hand secret society. The political reason for the assassination was to break off Austria-Hungary's South Slav provinces so they could be combined into a new country, Greater Serbia. +This led to the outbreak of war in Europe at the end of July 1914. Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Both country's allies became involved in the war. + += = = South Mills, North Carolina = = = +South Mills is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Camden County, North Carolina, United States. Its population was 362 as of the 2020 census. South Mills has a post office with ZIP code 27976, which opened on March 2, 1840. The community is located near U.S. Route 17. U.S. Route 17 Business and North Carolina Highway 343 pass through the community. +The William Riley Abbott House, Dismal Swamp Canal, and Morgan House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. + += = = Quantum tunnelling = = = +Quantum tunnelling is a part of the theoretical branch of physics known as quantum mechanics. It states that electrons can behave like both particles and waves, and can cancel the effects of an energy barrier if the energy barrier is thin enough, due to quantum mechanics being dependent on probability. In other words, particles can travel through walls, doors, etc. if the door or wall is thin enough. The particle—usually a subatomic or quark particle such as an electron or photon—can become a wave to focus a great deal of energy on the barrier, ultimately negating it. There is also a non-zero chance that it could be found "inside" the barrier. However, this only noticeably works for subatomic particles, as the chance for macroscopic objects to do this is very, very low, small enough to not be thought about much. + += = = Caazapá Department = = = +The Caazapá department () is a department of Paraguay. The capital is the city of Caazapá. Its code is PY-06. +Its name comes from Guarani "ka �aguy jehasapá", that means "beyond the forest". +People from the department are calle "Caazapeño" (women: "Caazapeña"). +Geography. +The Caazapá department is in the southeast of the "Oriental" region. It has an area of . , the department has a population of 151,415 ( of the population of the country) for a population density of . +The Caaguazú mountain range crosses the department from east to west and divides the department in two regions: the northwestern region, with flat lands, and southeastern region, with small hills with forests. +The Tebicuary river flows from east to west in the south of the department; it serves as limit with the Itapúa department. The Tebicuary–mí river serves as limit with the Paraguarí department. +The protected areas in the department are the National park Caaguazú, the Golondrina Private Reserve and the Protected Wildlife Area Susu Island. +Climate. +, the total amount of precipitation in the city of Caazapá was . The month with the most precipitation was October with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation was August with . +The average temperature for the year 2012 in Caazapá was . The warmest month, on average, was January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is June, with an average temperature of . +Districts. +The department is divided in 11 districts: +Economy. +Farming is the main economic activity in the department. The main crops are cotton and soybean. But cattle raising is the most important activity. + += = = Olmec figurine = = = +Olmec figurine is the name for figurines which were produced in Central America, from about 1000 BCE to about 500 BCE. Many come from the Olmec heartland, which is the gulf region of modern-day Mexico. Olmec figurines show the influence of the Olmec culture. In 2016, it is not known how far this influence extended. It is therefore possible that some of these figurines were produced by other people, who were influenced by the Olmec. +Many of the figurines were found in household waste and in landfill used for construction. Outside the Olmec heartland they were also found in graves. often took these figurines. It is impossible to tell where the looted figurines are from. +Most of the figurines are made from terracotta. Since terracotta is fragile, most only survive in parts. Wooden busts have been discovered in the site El Marati, but no figurines made of wood have been found. +The figurines best known to the public are made of stone or minerals,such as jade, serpentine, greenstone or basalt. Figurines of stone or minerals are often carved, while those made of terracotta are simpler in design. +Motifs. +The figurines found show different motifs or designs: + += = = Sigismund II Augustus = = = +Sigismund II Augustus (1520-1572) was a Polish king, the last member of the Jagiellon dynasty. He was also the Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1548 to 1572. +Biography. +Sigismund II Augustus was born in Kraków on 1 August 1520. He was the only son (he had sisters) of king Sigismund I the Old and his wife, Italian princess Bona Sforza. His great grandfather was Wladislaw II Jagiello, the founder of the dynasty. Sigismund II Augustus was crowned as a child on 20 February 1530 when his father was still alive (in Latin "vivente rege"). From 1544 he ruled in Lithuania. He was married three times but remained childless. He died on 7 July 1572 in Knyszyn. He was a Roman Catholic, but was known for his tolerance for Protestants. +When king Sigismund II Augustus received diplomats or made important decisions, he did so in the audience hall in the royal castle. This room was also called "Under the Heads" for the carved heads set in the ceiling. One of these was a woman's head. The legend says whenever he would make a decision she would speak in Latin (using rhyme and alliteration): "Rex Auguste, iudica iuste" ("King August, judge justly"). He followed her advice but after that her mouth was covered with a ribbon so she would never again interfere in royal decisions. + += = = Yoshinori Ohsumi = = = + (born 9 February 1945) is a Japanese cell biologist. He won the 2016 Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries of how cell autophagy works. +Autophagy is the process that cells use to break down and recycle cellular components. This allows the orderly recycling of cellular components. +Ohsumi is a professor in Tokyo Institute of Technology's Frontier Research Center. He got the Kyoto Prize for Basic Science in 2012. + += = = Autophagy = = = +Autophagy (which means "eating itself"), is one of the basic cell mechanisms. It allows the controlled breaking down of cell parts which do not work, or are not needed. The cell parts can then be recycled as required. +There are several ways this happens. Targeted cell parts may be isolated from the rest of the cell in an "autophagosome" (a double-membraned vesicle). The autophagosome fuses with lysosomes and the contents are broken down and recycled. In the extreme case of starvation, the breakdown of cellular components promotes cellular survival by maintaining cellular energy levels. +The name "autophagy" was coined by Belgian biochemist Christian de Duve in 1963. The identification of autophagy-related genes in yeast in the 1990s let researchers figure out the mechanisms of autophagy. This led to the award of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Japanese researcher Yoshinori Ohsumi. + += = = Mikołaj Sęp Szarzyński = = = +Mikołaj Sęp Szarzyński (c. 1550 – c. 1581) was a Polish nobleman and poet. He is generally regarded as one of the most important Polish writers and the first representative of Baroque in Poland. +Biography. +Little is known about life of Mikołaj Sęp Szarzyński. He was born around 1550 in the village of Zimna Woda near Lviv (today in Ukraine, then in the Kingdom of Poland). He was a member of Protestant family. He was the son of Joachim Sęp called Szarzyński. He studied abroad in Germany at universities of Wittemberg and of Lepzig. Then he continued his studies at the University of Padua in Italy. +Szarzyński is believed to have become a Roman Catholic, but some scholars are not convinced of that. +Szarzyński's poems were written probably in the years 1568-1581. They were published by the poet's brother in 1601. The book was named "Rytmy abo wiersze polskie" (Rhythms or Polish Verses). +Works. +Mikołaj Sęp Szarzyński did not write many poems. All his published works can be printed on one hundred pages. He wrote in Polish and in Latin. He wrote six sonnets and some other poems, cantos and epitaphs. His poetry focuses on religious themes. Thus it is similar to Sebastian Grabowiecki's work. +Szarzyński shaped his sonnets according to a French scheme that is abba abba cdcd ee. Julian Krzyżanowski, editor of Szarzyński's poems, points out the use of alliteration in them. +Szarzyński's poems were translated into English by Steven Clancy and Richard Sokoloski. + += = = Great Green Wall = = = +The Great Green Wall of Africa is a strip of trees being planted across Africa to stop the Sahara desert from moving south. The Sahara desert moving south is affecting countries such as: Niger, Chad, Sudan, Mali and many more. The expansion of desert areas may affect the lives of up to 19 million people, including more than 1 million children. +The strip of trees is planned to be about 15 kilometers wide. +Unfortunately some people, when they see these trees, gather wood as timber for them to make fire or other uses. + += = = California's Gold = = = +California's Gold is a public television travel program that explores the natural, cultural, and historical features of the state of California. The series ran for 18 seasons from 1994 to 2012. There were 443 episodes. It was produced and hosted by Huell Howser for its entire run. The minimal production allowed locations and people to remain the focal point of the program. The series stopped after Howser's death in 2013, although reruns have continued to air after his death. +The series' theme song varies between several renditions of "California, Here I Come," but was most often played on the series by local musicians Eddie Enderle and Richard Chon. + += = = Taurine = = = +Taurine is an organic compound. It is up to 0.1% of total human body weight, and is a main constituent of bile. Taurine is essential for the heart, the skeletal muscles, the retina, and the nerves. The body makes it from the amino acid cysteine. +Taurine comes from the Latin /taurus/ which means bull or ox. It was first extracted from ox bile in 1827. +Food. +Taurine is in fish and meat. The daily intake is around 58 mg (range from 9 to 400 mg). It is low or negligible from a strict vegan diet. Taurine intake is generally less than 200 mg/day. +Energy drinks. +Synthetic taurine is used to make some "energy drinks". Many contain 1000 mg per serving, and some as much as 2000 mg. + += = = Wladyslaw I of Poland = = = +Wladyslaw I of Poland (1261 2 March 1333) was the ruler who united Polish lands into one state at the beginning of 14th century. +Biography. +Władysław was born probably in 1261. He was a son of duke Casimir of Kuyavia. He was the step-brother of duke Leszek the Black. He was called Łokietek, that means "the Short" or "Elbow-high". +At the time of his birth Poland was divided into many independent states. For years Władysław struggled to unite Poland into one strong state. He was at war with a powerful king of Bohemia, Wenceslaus II. His lands were also in danger of the Teutonic Knights who had seized the town of Gdansk. Despite all odds, Władysław united Greater Poland and lesser Poland and was crowned in 1320. +He had still to fight in defence of the country. In 1331 he defeated the Teutonic knights in the battle at Płowce. He was seventy then. He died two years later. His only son, Casimir III of Poland, succeeded him. Wladyslaw I was buried in the cathedral at Wawel Castle. +An anecdote. +At the time of Władysław's reign many Germans lived in Polish towns. They opposed him and rioted against him. After the riot of Lord Mayor Albert Władysław ordered his soldiers to expel all Germans from the town. One of them asked Władysław, how to recognise a German. The duke ordered them to make everyone speak aloud the words "Soczewica, koło, miele, młyn" (that means "Lentil, wheel, grinds, mill"). A man who could not speak it correctly was regarded as a German. + += = = Simone Biles = = = +Simone Arianne Biles (born March 14, 1997) is an American artistic gymnast. Biles is the 2016 Olympic individual all-around, vault and floor gold medalist. She was part of the gold medal-winning team dubbed the "Final Five" at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. She also won the bronze medal for the balance beam during the Olympics. Biles is a three-time world all-around champion (2013–15), three-time world floor champion (2013–15), two-time world balance beam champion (2014, 2015), four-time United States national all-around champion (2013–16), and a member of the gold medal-winning American teams at the 2014 and 2015 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships. +Having won a combined total of nineteen Olympic and World Championship medals, Biles is the most decorated American gymnast. She took this over from Shannon Miller, who had held this record since 1996. With her win in Rio, Biles became the sixth woman to have won an individual all-around title at both the World Championships and the Olympic Games. With four Olympic gold medals, Biles set a new American record for most gold medals in women’s gymnastics at a single game. +On April 22, 2023, she married American football player Jonathan Owens. + += = = Corps of Topographical Engineers = = = +The U.S. Army Corps of Topographical Engineers was established by the United States Congress in 1838. It was made up of only officers who were hand-picked graduates of the United States Military Academy at West Point. Their main purpose was to map and make military surveys for routes to the Pacific. They were at the center of the westward expansion of the United States between the War of 1812 and the American Civil War. They mapped the frontier regions of the West encouraging Americans to move into those areas. They laid out trails, roads, railroad routes and waterways. During the Civil War, the functions of the Corps of Topographical Engineers were transferred to the Army Corps of Engineers. +Background. +From 1777 to 1863, topographical engineers were used in the United States Army. In 1813, Congress authorized eight officers to be a part of the general staff. Each was to have the brevet rank and pay of a major in the U.S. Cavalry. They also authorized eight assistants, each with the brevet rank and pay of a captain in the U.S. Infantry. They formed the Topographical Bureau as a branch of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. +In 1829, John James Abert, became the head of the Topographical Bureau. In 1838, he used his political influence to persuade Congress to form an independent army unit separate from the Corps of Engineers called the Corps of Topographical Engineers. Informally they became known as “topogs". +Accomplishments. +Their first priority was to explore the American West to make it accessible. Early on they worked to make the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers navigable. The work of charting these rivers actually started under the Topographical Bureau over a decade before the establishment of the Corps of Topographical Engineers. During the mid-1800s, they worked on floodind issues of major rivers. They designed lighthouses, mapped navigational routes and worked on many other federal projects. The General Survey Act gave them the authority to survey all canals and roads in the United States. They surveyed the National Road that connected the Potomac and Ohio Rivers. This was a main transport path to the West for thousands of settlers. +During the 1840s and 1850s, the Corps was very active. John C. Frémont led several western explorations starting in 1841. He led an exploration of the North Platte River. He next explored west to what is now Pueblo, Colorado. His next exploration was south going through Bent's Fort on the Arkansas River. With Kit Carson as his guide, Fremont began a two year journey that greatly expanded the knowledge of what lay to the west. It took him as far as the Sacramento Valley in early 1846. They were also involved in surveying boundary lines, especially in Texas during the Mexican–American War. Until they were merged with the Corps of Engineers in 1863, they surveyed and built roads bridges and forts for the Union Army during the Civil War. + += = = Lluta River = = = +The Lluta is a river in the Atacama Desert. It is the most northern of the great transversal Chilean rivers that start in the Andes and flow into the Pacific Ocean. It flows through the Arica y Parinacota region. +It has a broad estuary near the port city of Arica that forms a wetland, a habitat used by many water birds (birds that live on or near water). +Geography. +The Lluta river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of approximately . +Course. +The Lluta river starts on the Andean mountain slopes near the border with Peru and Bolivia, at an elevation of about , in the place called "Humapalca", "comuna" of General Lagos, Parinacota province, Arica y Parinacota. +The river is formed by the confluence of two streams: +Along its first , the river flows southeast and then slowly begins to turn towards the west. In its descent to the lower elevations of the valley, the river starts to run through a canyon formed by the same river; in some parts, the canyon could be deep. +Near the village of "Socoroma" (in the "comuna" of Putre), the river turns directly west and, after getting out of the canyon, the river begins to widen. Near the village of "Chironta", about from the sea, appear the first farms. +Finally, the river flows in the Pacific Ocean north of the city of Arica, in the sector Chacalluta, near the airport. +The Lluta river only flows through small villages except Putre, a small town with only 1,977 inhabitants (2022 census). +Wetland of the Lluta river. +The mouth of the Lluta river in the Pacific Ocean covers more of . The resulting coastal wetland is the most important of its kind in the region with extensive vegetation and many water birds, including migratory birds. +Main tributaries. +Because the Lluta river flows throug a very arid region, the Atacama desert, there are very few permanent tributaries, and most of them join the Luta by its left side; some of them are Allane, Putre, Socoroma and Colpitas. +Water quality. +Apart from its problems of salinity and acidity, the river has very high levels of boron, arsenic, and sulfate, among other pollutants, which limit the agricultural activities that can be developed along the river. + += = = Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey = = = +Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (1517-1547) was an English nobleman and poet. +Biography. +Henry Howard was born in Hunsdon, Hertfordshire in 1517, during the reign of Henry VIII. His father was Thomas Howard. His mother was Elizabeth Stafford. He took the title of Earl of Surrey in 1524. Today he is known chiefly under that name. In 1532 he married Frances the Vere, who was fourteen years old at the time. Then he became a soldier and fought in Scotland in 1542 and in France and Flanders from 1543 to 1545. He was wounded in the siege of Montreuil. After he came back to England he was accused of treason, as was his father. Henry Howard was executed by beheading in the Tower of London at the age of thirty on 19 January 1547. His father was sentenced to death, too. He was however saved, as the king Henry VIII died. He was kept in prison for some years. He was set free by queen Mary. +Works. +Henry Howard is known mainly for two reasons. First, he wrote sonnets. He is often regarded as one of the fathers of English sonnet. He introduced a new rhyme pattern for English sonnet that runs abab cdcd efef gg. Today it is called Shakespearian sonnet, but Surrey was first to use it. Second, he invented blank verse that is unrhymed iambic pentameter. This metre was later used by Thomas Kyd in drama and by John Milton in epic poems. Everyone knows blank verse from Shakespeare's works. Henry Howard used blank verse in his translations from Virgil. + += = = Harry Hamlin = = = +Harry Robinson Hamlin (born October 30, 1951) is an American actor. He is well known for his role as Perseus in the 1981 fantasy movie "Clash of the Titans". He also played Michael Kuzack in "L.A. Law". + += = = Cancioneiro Geral = = = +Cancioneiro Geral (that means "The General Book of Songs") is an anthology (collection) of Portuguese poetry organized by the poet Garcia de Resende (1470-1536). The book was published in 1516. It contains poems by Portuguese authors of the 15th and 16th centuries. It was the largest collection of Portuguese poetry, written mostly in Portuguese but also in Castilian. It contains about 1000 poems by 286 authors and covers a variety of subjects. It is the main source for history of early modern Portuguese poetry, as it was the first collection of poetry printed in Portugal, and the main repository for poetry at the time. The book was republished in 1846 Stuttgart, Germany. It was edited by Eduard Heinrich von Kausler. Francisco de Sá de Miranda's poems were included into Cancioneiro Geral. Cancioneiro Geral can be compared to Carmina Burana or Tottel’s Miscellany. +The "Songbook" follows the models of Castilian poems compilations performed earlier, as the "Songbook of Baena" 1445 and the "General Songbook" of Hernando del Castillo, published in 1511. [ 2 ] Garcia de Resende (c.1470-1536), who was a poet , chronicler and courtier in the court of D. Manuel I , gathered a set of almost a thousand poems of 286 authors, of which about 150 are written in Castilian and the rest in Portuguese. [ 2 ] The production period of poems ranges from the mid-fifteenth century to the early sixteenth century. [ 3 ]Unlike the Castilian songbook of 1511, the poems of the Portuguese work are not arranged by themes. [ 4 ] +The work of Resende was published for the first time in 1516, in the workshop of Hermão de Campos , and is dedicated to Prince John, future John III of Portugal . [ 3 ] The themes reveal a palatial character of poetry, on the day to day in court, and other religious themes, loving, elegiac , and some attempts to epic poetry . [ 3 ]Unlike the time troubadour , when poetry was meant to be sung and bailada, the poems of "Cancioneiro" are autonomous, and the pace is achieved by the sound of words and the Organizationverses and stanzas . [ 2 ] +Among the many authors include João Roiz de Castel-Branco , Sá de Miranda , Bernardim Ribeiro and Garcia de Resende himself. [ 2 ] + += = = Research and development = = = +Research and development (R&D) refers to a wide range of activities by businesses, governments and academic institutions designed to gather knowledge and test new ideas. This often leads to the development of new products or new ways of doing things. R&D generally has three main activities. These are: basic research, applied research and development. Basic research is aimed at getting new knowledge with no immediate use or purpose in mind. Applied research is just the opposite. It is research for a definite purpose or product. Development has more to do with adding features to a product. Often, development is a process of eliminating all but the best idea to arrive at the best solution. Basic and applied research costs are often written off as expenses while the costs of development are added to the cost of the product. R&D often results in owning intellectual property such as patents. In Europe, R&D is called research and technical/technological development (RTD). +In 2015, Volkswagen was the world's leading spender in R&D + += = = Institut d'optique Graduate School = = = +Institut d'optique Graduate School (SupOptique) is a renowned graduate engineering school in France. It is in a campus of the University of Paris-Saclay. +Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees : +Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at SupOptique. +Research labs. +Research activities at SupOptique relate to the following topics: + += = = Mary Sidney = = = +Mary Sidney (1561-1621) was an English poet. She was the sister of more famous poet Philip Sidney. +Biography. +Mary Sidney was the daughter of Henry Sidney and Mary Dudley. She was born on 27 October 1561 at Tickenhall near Bewdley in Worcestershire. She was well educated, which was unusual for a girl at the time. She knew French, Italian, Latin and Greek. When she was fifteen, she married Henry Herbert, Earl of Pembroke. Thus she became Countess of Pembroke. She had four children, Katherine, Anne, William and Philip. She died of smallpox in London on 25 September 1621. She is buried in the cathedral in Salisbury. +Works. +Mary Sidney was a poet and translator. She translated 107 Psalms, using 128 different verse forms. She wrote also the poem for her brother, named "To the Angel Spirit of the Most Excellent Sir Philip Sidney". She is said to have been the most important woman poet in 16th century England save the queen. + += = = Vladimír Holan = = = +Vladimír Holan (September 16, 1905 – March 31, 1980) was a Czech poet. +Biography. +Vladimír Holan was born in 1905 in Prague. He got his high-school certificate in 1926 and started to study law. However, he was not much interested in it and left the university quickly. He worked in an office and after some years abandoned it because of ill health. +In 1926 Holan published his first book of poetry named "Blouznivý vějíř" ("A Thoughtful Fan"). The poet himself was not much pleased with the book. In 1930 he published another book which was more successful, named "Triumf smrti" ("The Triumph of Death"). Many other books followed that. The most important work by Holan is "Noc s Hamletem" ("A night with Hamlet"). Holan wrote poems till 1977 when his only daughter died. After it he wrote nothing more. Holan was awarded many times and nominated for Nobel prize. The poet died in Prague in 1980. He was buried at Olšany Cemetery in Prague. +Work. +Holan's poems are different and usually regarded as difficult. The poems are full of symbols and images that can be understood in different ways. He used classical verse forms and free verse as well. He is also known to have employed alliteration and puns. Holan was also a translator. He translated European literature into Czech. + += = = Iambic pentameter = = = +Iambic pentameter is a kind of verse. It is the most common kind of verse in English literature. +The two words seem difficult, because the words are Greek. "Pentameter" means "consisting of five measures" and "iambic" "consisting of iambs". +The rhythm which words make in the line is measured in small groups of syllables called "feet". The word "iambic" refers to the type of foot that is used, known as the "iamb". This is an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. The word "pentameter" indicates that a line has five of these "feet". +In theory every line is composed of ten syllables and have five stresses. Stresses fall on the second, the fourth, the sixth, the eighth and the tenth syllable. This is marked with two signs. The sign "x" stands for a syllable with no stress, and the sign "/" stands for a syllable with stress. So a line of iambic pentameter is: +Use in poetry. +In real poems lines have often an extra syllable at the end and sometimes lack the first unaccented syllable. A line can be divided in five units that are called "feet". The unit x / is called an "iamb" or "iambic foot". Sometimes the pattern is changed. First foot can be reversed: / x x / x / x / x /. +When iambic pentameter is unrhymed it is called blank verse. Blank verse was introduced into English poetry by Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey. Thomas Kyd used it in his "The Spanish Tragedy". +There are no rhymes in blank verse, but alliteration often occurs in it, for example "prime and pride". +William Shakespeare's dramas are written chiefly in blank verse. The first line of the famous Hamlet's monologue is an example: +Examples. +John Milton used blank verse in Paradise Lost. Many other poets (for example Edwin Atherstone, John Fitchett, Alfred Tennyson, Robert Browning and Matthew Arnold employed it long poems. John Fitchett's "King Alfred" is perhaps the longest epic poem written in blank verse. It consists of more than 130 000 lines. But Alexander Pope wrote iambic pentameter with rhymes. One line rhymes with the next. It is called heroic couplet. +Dramatic monologues are usually written in blank verse. Good examples are Tennyson's "St Simeon Stylites" and "Ulysses" or Browning's "The Ring and the Book". Robert Frost wrote similar poems in the United States. +Lines of iambic pentameter can be set also into stanzas. An example of a stanza is rhyme royal that consists of seven lines and rhymes ababbcc. It was used by Emma Lazarus in the poem "Sympathy" from the sequence "Epochs". +Iambic pentameter is used also in English sonnets. +The rhythm of iambic pentameter is close to the rhythm of everyday English speech. Iambic pentameter is common in German literature, too. This example is from "The Flamingos" by Rainer Maria Rilke: + += = = John Fitchett = = = +John Fitchett (1776-1838) was an English poet. +Biography. +John Fitchett was born on 21 September 1776. He became an orphan very early. He studied law and became an attorney. He lived in Warrington, England. In 1796 he published his first work named "Bewsey, a Poem". John Fitchett never married. He died on 20 October 1838. +"King Alfred". +John Fitchett is remembered as the author of an epic poem named "King Alfred". It was published in the years 1841-1842. It took forty years to write it. It tells about English King Alfred the Great, who lived during the 9th century and fought against the Vikings. The poem is a literary curiosity. It is probably the longest poem ever written in English. John Fitchett left it unfinished, but his friend Robert Roscoe finished and published it. "King Alfred" is over 131 000 lines long. 2585 more lines were added by Roscoe. + += = = Currituck County, North Carolina = = = +Currituck County is the northeastern-most county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,100. Its county seat is Currituck. The county was formed in 1668 as a precinct of Albemarle County and later gained county status in 1739. The name is "traditionally said to be an Native American word for wild geese; "Coratank"." +Currituck County is included in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Area. It is in the northeastern section of the state and is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean, Currituck Sound, Camden County, Dare County and the state of Virginia. Currituck Court House, mentioned as early as 1755, was the name of the county seat. Today the words "Court House" have been dropped and only Currituck is used as the town name. + += = = Tyrrell County, North Carolina = = = +Tyrrell County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,245 making it the least populous county in the state. Its county seat is Columbia. The county was created in 1729 as Tyrrell Precinct and gained county status in 1739. +Tyrrell County is included in the Kill Devil Hills, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk, VA-NC Combined Statistical Area. + += = = Gates County, North Carolina = = = +Gates County is a small, rural county located in the northeast portion of the U.S. state of North Carolina, on the border with Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,478. Its county seat is Gatesville. +Gates County is included in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is part of the Albemarle Sound area of the Inner Banks. + += = = United States Revenue Cutter Service = = = +The United States Revenue Cutter Service (USRCS) was set up in 1790 when President George Washington signed an act allowing the building of 10 boats. They were designed to collect customs duties and taxes and to protect against smuggling. They were also tasked with making sure shipments of goods from the United States were getting through to markets in other countries. In 1915, President Woodrow Wilson signed the "Act to Create the Coast Guard". This designated the United States Coast Guard as a branch of the US military. It was formed by merging the Revenue Cutter Service with the United States Life-Saving Service. +History. +Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury suggested the creation of the Revenue Cutter Service in a letter dated October 2, 1789. After being approved by Congress, the service started with 10 boats called cutters. At the time a cutter was a small fast sailing vessel described as "a small, decked ship with one mast and bowsprit, with a gaff mainsail on a boom, a square yard and topsail, and two jibs or a jib and a staysail." Before the Revenue Cutter Service began, the Continental Navy had been disbanded. Until the United States Navy was formed in 1794, the Revenue Cutter Service was the nation's only naval force. +After the American Revolutionary War, the United States was struggling financially. The new country depended on the money it received from import tariffs. Smuggling had been seen as a patriotic duty during the war, but was now a robbing the country of one of its major sources of revenue. Hamilton realized that if something was not done quickly, the country would suffer financially. He suggested that a fleet of 10 cutters could collect revenues and prevent smuggling. +The original specifications stated they were to be between and long. Each would be manned by two officers, six marines and crews of about 10 men and boys. +First 10 cutters. +Although it was not one of the first 10 cutters called for by Hamilton, the "North Carolina" was purchased in 1792 for use by the Revenue Marine Service. Before the first 10 were approved a number of vessels were used as revenue boats, some as early as the confederation period (March 1, 1781, to March 4, 1789). The first 10 cutters built were: +Quasi-War with France. +Disagreements over treaties and America's status of neutrality during the French Revolution led to an undeclared war between France and the United States. The conflict was fought at sea from July 7, 1798, until the Treaty of Mortefontaine was signed on September 30, 1800. However, French privateers had been robbing American ships for several years before the Quasi-War began. American merchant ships were also being attacked by barbary pirates. USRC cutters were sent to deal with the pirates but soon the combination of French privateers and pirates were more than the service could handle alone. Congress passed the Naval Act of 1794 which established a permanent standing navy. The Naval Act ordered the construction and manning of six frigates. Three years later the first three ships were welcomed into the U.S. Navy. As the Quasi-War heated up, both the Navy and Revenue Cutter Service worked together to protect American ships. +Revenue Cutters were first sent to the Caribbean Sea to protect American shipping from French warships in the spring of 1799. About 12 French warships were captured by Revenue cutters in 1799 in the Caribbean. Of these, the 6-gun "Bon Perre", captured by the USRC "Eagle", was put into service as a Revenue cutter and served until 1801. In 1800, the brigantine "Pickering" and the frigate "Insurgente" both departed the East Coast to join the fleet in the Caribbean. Both were lost at sea. There were no survivors to explain what happened to the two cutters. On February 3, 1801 the treaty with France was ratified. At this time many in Washington, D.C. thought that the Revenue Cutter Service should be reduced in size. Many of its larger cutters were too big and too expensive to maintain. Many of the larger and older cutters were sold and many junior officers were let go. +War of 1812. +When the war started, the Navy only had six vessels smaller than a frigate. None of these were the "small fast sailing ships" the cutters were. The shallow-draft cutters suffered significant losses but managed to distinguish themselves as a fighting force. The cutter "Jefferson" captured the first British merchant ship, the "Patriot", in June 1812. In July the cutter "James Madison" captured the British ship "Shamrock". In one battle, the cutter "Surveyor" put up such a fight against the larger British frigate "HMS Narcissus", that when the "Surveyor" finally surrendered, The British Captain returned the sword of the American captain in recognition of his bravery. The cutter "Commodore Barry" was captured by British forces after putting up a strong defense. In one incident, the cutter "Eagle" was run aground during a battle with a British brig, the HMS "Dispatch" and a British sloop that was with her. The cutter's crew dragged the cutter's guns onto a bluff and kept fighting until late in the day. When they ran out of shot, they began firing back the spent British cannonballs (according to the legend). The War of 1812 saw the only USRCS prisoners of war taken by an enemy until World War II. The War proved the USRCS could hold their own against even the greatest naval force of the time. +Mexican–American War. +During the Mexican–American War, President James K. Polk ordered the Secretary of the Treasury to have cutters in the Gulf of Mexico report to the United States Army (instead of the Navy). By the end of the war, eight cutters had served with the Army. This was out of a total fleet of only 14 cutters. They had capabilities the Navy (or Army) did not have. This was boats that could operate in shallow water and be used for amphibious landings. The Revenue cutters served on blockade duty, ferried men and supplies and supported Army and Navy operations. +On October 8, 1847, the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury informed his commanders that the service was low on funds. The expenses of operating in Mexico had reduced funds to a new low. The service needed to cut back on new ships and retire those too expensive to keep running. The USRCS was reduced to eight cutters. By 1849, six new cutters had been ordered but between the Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Florida, there were only two cutters. One more served in the Gulf of Mexico. Two of the new cutters, when they became available, would serve in the Atlantic while four would serve on the West Coast. +Civil War. +Just before the start of the American Civil War the Revenue Cutter Service had just 24 cutters to guard both coasts of the United States. Of these, 23 were wooden sailing ships ranging in length of from to . All but one were either fore-and-aft rigged sloops or topsail schooners. The remaining cutter was a brig. The service also owned one modern (for that time) wooden paddle steamer measuring in length, the "USRC Harriet Lane" built in 1857-1858. The "Harriet Lane" was the pride of the Revenue Cutter Service. It was also the only cutter that had a full crew. The rest of the fleet barely had enough officers and men to operate the ships. Cutbacks in funding during the 1840s and 1850s and no pay raises left the service short of men. During this same period, the service began winter patrols in the North Atlantic Ocean to protect sailors. They also took on the task of enforcing immigration laws, especially on the West Coast where large numbers of Chinese coolies were being brought in on overcrowded ships. +At the start of the war a small number of officers and men left the service to join the Confederacy and formed the core of the Confederate Revenue Marine. Six cutters had been seized by Confederate forces while in Southern ports. The "Harriet Lane" was temporarily transferred to the Union Navy. President Abraham Lincoln requested the Navy to transfer a number of ships to the Revenue Cutter Service, however no records show if any were actually transferred. During the remainder of the war, Revenue cutters protected Northern shipping and assisted the Navy in blockading Southern ports. The cutter "Harriet Lane" fired the first shots of the Civil War from a ship. But in 1863, in a battle with the Confederate Army and Navy, the "Harriet Lane" was captured and nearly all the crew members were killed. +Spanish–American War. +On April 21, 1898, the United States declared war against Spain. President William McKinley temporarily transferred the ships of the Revenue Cutter Service to operate under the direction of the Secretary of the Navy. They were ordered to cooperate with the Navy and became part of their auxiliary forces. The Revenue Cutter Service provided 13 cutters to assist the Navy. Eight served in the North Atlantic Squadron, four patrolled the West Coast and one served with Admiral George Dewey's Asiatic Squadron. +United States Coast Guard. +Together, the Revenue Cutter Service and the U.S. Life-Saving Service formed the United States Coast Guard on 28 January 1915. The law made the Coast Guard a permanent member of the United States military and allowed it to be transferred to the U.S. Navy whenever necessary. The practice of placing the Revenue Cutter Service under control of the Navy in times of crisis had been the custom in the past. But now it was made official by the new law which also changed its name. + += = = Vittoria Colonna = = = +Vittoria Colonna (1490-1547), marchioness of Pescara, was an Italian noblewoman and poet. +Biography. +Vittoria Colonna was born at Marino, Lazio, Italy in 1490. She was a daughter of Fabrizio Colonna and Agnese di Montefeltro. In 1509 she married Francesco Ferrante D'Avalos, who was the Marquis of Pescara. He was a knight and was often absent from home. He took part in many battles and wars. He was taken prisoner by the French in 1512. In 1525 he died from wounds after the battle of Pavia. From that time Colonna, a childless widow, lived in a nunnery although she did not become a nun. She was the most admired woman poet in Italy during the Renaissance. Vittoria Colonna died in Rome in 1547. +Works. +The first edition of Colonna's book of poems, named "Rime" ("Rhymes") was published in 1538. They turned out to be very popular. There were twelve editions of the book published before she died. Vittoria Colonna was admired for her poetry by Ludovico Ariosto. She was a friend of many other poets and artists, Jacopo Sannazzaro, Pietro Bembo, Baldassare Castiglione and especially Michelangelo. Colonna wrote sonnets, "canzone" (songs) and short poems in ottava rima. She wrote also a longer poem named "Capitolo del trionfo di Cristo" ("The chapter about the Triumph of Christ"). + += = = Kordshuli (tribe) = = = +The Kurdshuli are a nomadic and pastoral tribe of the Fars Province in Iran.They speak Luri language. + += = = Anil Kumble = = = +Anil Kumble (full name:Anil Radhakrishna Kumble)is a retired Indian cricketer who captained Indian national cricket team for a few matches.Anil Kumble is a right arm leg spin bowler.One of the best bowler in world cricket. +Birth. +Anil Kumble was born in Bangalore,Karnataka to Krishnaswamy and Saroja.Anil Kumble has a brother named Dinesh Kumble.Kumble studied his studies in Holy Saint English School.He started playing cricket in streets in Bangalore.Kumble completed B.E in Rashtriya Vidhyalaya College of Engineering in 1991-92. +Cricket. +Anil Kumble made his first-class debut against Hyderabad on 30 November 1989 playing for Karnataka. He took 4 wickets in the match.Anil played his debut Test match against England national cricket team.He picked 3 wickets in the second match of the series.Anil picked 18 wickets with the average of 25.94 at the economy rate of 1.84 in the four match series against South Africa in 1992.He picked 21 wickets against the series with England in the same year.In the third match of the series he picked 7 wickets for 165 runs and was awarded the Man of the Match award. On November 27 1993, Kumble picked 6wickets/12 runs against West Indies in the final match of Hero Cup. This record was broke by Stuart Binny against Bangladesh.Kumble picked 15 wickets in 1996 World Cup and became the leading wicket taker in the tournament.He picked 61 wickets in that single year.Anil along with Jim Laker are the persons who picked all the ten wickets in a single Test inning. He achieved this against Pakistan in the year 1999.Kumble had bowled over 40850 balls totally in his international cricket career, stands after Muttiah Muralidharan. + += = = Canindeyú Department = = = +The Canindeyú department () is a department of Paraguay. The capital is the city of Salto del Guairá. Its code is PY-14. +Its name comes from Tupi Kaninde - macaw; ju - yellow, blue-and-yellow macaw ("Ara ararauna"). +Geography. +The Canindeyú department is in the northeast of the "Oriental" region. It has an area of . , the department has a population of 191,447 ( of the population of the country) for a population density of . +The Amambay and Mbaracayú mountain ranges are in the department and form the limits with Brazil. +Climate. +, the total amount of precipitation in the city of Salto del Guairá was . The month with the most precipitation was April with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation was August with . +The average temperature for the year 2012 in Salto del Guairá was . The warmest month, on average, was February with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is July, with an average temperature of . +Districts. +The department is divided in 13 districts: +Economy. +Farming is the main economic activity in the department. The main crops are soybean, tobacco and maize. Cattle raising is also an important activity. + += = = Guido Guinizelli = = = +Guido Guinizelli (c. 1230–1276) was an Italian poet. He is best remembered as the founder of Dolce Stil Novo. +Biography. +Guido Guinizelli (or Guinizzelli) was born around 1230 in Bologna. He was a son of Guinizzello da Magnano, a famous judge. He studied law and became a lecturer at the university of Bologna. He died in Monselice in 1276. +Works. +Guido Guinizelli wrote canzone and sonnets. He introduced into Italian poetry a new style which was named "Dolce Stil Novo" that is "The Sweet New Style". Dante Alighieri called him "padre mio" ("my father"), regarding him as his teacher of poetry. + += = = Church of St. Anthony in Jerzmanice-Zdrój = = = +The Church of St. Anthony located in Jerzmanice-Zdrój, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland is a Roman Catholic church. The date of build is assessed on the 14th century. +The scheme of the church is very untypical as a Lower Silesian customs building. Since 1527 until 1945 the church was used by Protestants. In 1945, after the World War II, the church was taken by the Roman Catholic Church. +The Catholic temple was significantly affected by the fight, that took place for example during the Thirty Years' War and Napoleonic campaigns. + += = = Eurovision Song Contest 2017 = = = +The Eurovision Song Contest 2017 ("shortly ESC)" was the 62nd edition of the Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in the International Exhibition Centre in Kiev, Ukraine, after Jamala won for Ukraine in 2016 in Stockholm, Sweden with her song "1944". +Ukraine hosted the contest for the second time after 2005. The competition was held from 9th to the 13th; the first semifinal was on Tuesday, May 9, the second semifinal on Thursday, May 11 and the grand final was on Saturday, May 13. +Venue. +The contest happened in the International Exhibition Centre in Kiev. The venue holds 13,000 people and the venue will be rebuilt for the contest. +The ESC 2005, which was also held in Kiev, took place in the Palace Of Sports. This was also a possible venue for 2017, but might not fulfill today's demands. +However, the venue must have a maximum capacity of 10,000. The venue also has to be covered and an international press centre has to be in reach. Also it must have a capacity for 1,550 journalists. +The following cities applied for being a host city: +Returning artists. +Some artists participated in the contest before and will represent their country again or as a another role: +Semi-Final. +Portugal and Romania will return; both quit last year's contest. Bosnia and Herzegovina, who returned in last year's contest, have quit this year because of financial difficulties. +On the 31th of October 2016 it was announced by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), that there will be 43 countries to participate in 2017. +First Semi-Final. +The first semi final will take place on Tuesday, the 9th of May 2017. 18 countries will compete, the 10 countries with the most votes of them will qualify for the final. +The running order will be decided and announced when all the countries have selected their entry. +Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom will vote in this semi-final. +Second Semi-Final. +The second semi-final will take place on Thursday, the 11th of May 2017. 19 countries will compete, the 10 countries with the most votes of them will qualify for the final. +The running order will be decided and announced when all the countries have selected their entry. After a request of the Swiss TV-broadcaster SRF, Switzerland was directly determined to participate and vote in Semi-Final 2. +France, Germany and Ukraine will vote in this semi-final. +Big-Five (including host country Ukraine). +These five countries are directly qualified for the final. Ukraine, as the host country, will also be performing directly in the Grand Final. +Detailed list of participating countries. +"" + += = = Philip Sidney = = = +Philip Sidney (1554–1586) was an English poet, diplomat and soldier . +Biography. +Philip Sidney was born on 30 November 1554. He was the son of Henry Sidney and his wife, Mary, née Dudley. On 17 October 1564 he was enrolled in Shrewsbury School. One of the boys that began their learning on that day was Fulke Greville, First Lord Brooke, who became Philip Sidney's friend. Much later he became his biographer, too. After he finished school, at the age of 13, Philip Sidney went to Oxford to study at Christ College. He did not however get any scholarly degree. He went to France when he witnessed the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. He also travelled to Germany, Austria and Hungary. He was in Italy, too. He went as a messenger from Queen Elizabeth to Prague, where the emperor Maximilian II ruled. Then he went to a war in Netherlands. There he was wounded in the thigh 23 September 1586 at Zuphen. Because of that he got an infection and died at 17 October 1586 at Arnhem. He was buried on February 16, 1587 at St. Paul’s Cathedral in London. +Works. +Philip Sidney is generally regarded as best English lyrical poet of the Renaissance. He was also considered a hero after his death Phillip Sidney wrote both poetry and prose. He is famous for his sonnets. They were edited in the sequence named "Astophil and Stella". He also wrote "Arcadia" and "The Defence of Poesy". Philip Sidney's poems were translated into many languages, among others into Czech. +Philip Sidney's sister was the poet and translator Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke (1561-1621). + += = = Technologist = = = +A technologist/technician is a person who specializes in using technology. A technologist/technician is someone who completely understands the technology and other technologies that can be applied. In the field of health care, for example, may be called a "lab tech". The lab technologist is the project manager who supervises the lab. +Role of a technologist. +A technologist may be known by different job titles in various organizations. For example, a Director of Information Technology is often a technologist. The same is true for a Technology Project Manager. Smaller organizations may use a technologist to perform many functions. In some cases, a project may be started using a staff member or technician, then handed off to a technologist as the project progresses. The technologist is a specialist in how technologies can be used to meet the goals of the project owner. In Canada, engineers with training from other countries may find themselves working as an engineering technologist. + += = = South Jamaica, Queens = = = +South Jamaica is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Queens. It is located south of Jamaica Avenue in Jamaica, Queens, New York. Its border to the west is the Van Wyck Expressway. Its border to the east is Guy R. Brewer Boulevard. Its border to the south is the North Conduit Expressway. + += = = Egolzwil = = = +Egolzwil is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. + += = = Ettiswil = = = +Ettiswil is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. +On January 1, 2006 the municipality of Kottwil. +It is south of the Wauwilermoos. + += = = Fischbach, Switzerland = = = +Fischbach is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. + += = = Gettnau = = = +Gettnau was a municipality in Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021, Gettnau became a part of Willisau. + += = = Gandria = = = +Gandria is a quarter and former municipality in Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. +On 4 April 2004 the former municipalities of Breganzona, Cureggia, Davesco-Soragno, Gandria, Pambio-Noranco, Pazzallo, Pregassona and Viganello merged into the city of Lugano. + += = = Viganello = = = +Viganello is a quarter of the city of Lugano, Switzerland. Until 2004, it was a municipality on its own. Then it was created to Lugano. + += = = Linares Province = = = +Linares () is one of four provinces of the central Chilean region of Maule (VII). The provincial capital and largest city is Linares. +History. +In 1873, the province of Linares was created from the old province of Maule; it had three departments: Linares, Parral and Loncomilla. +In 1927, Linares is eliminated as a province and became part of the new province of Maule but, in 1936, Linares was made again a province. When the regions were created in 1975, the Maule region was formed with the Curicó, Linares, Maule and Talca; later, the province of Cauquenes was added. +Geography. +Linares is a landlocked province (it does not border the ocean) with an area of , the largest province in the Maule region. +The province is at the very center of mainland Chile, and its capital is at south of Santiago and south of Talca, the regional capital, in the middle of a rich agricultural area and with many vineyards. +Linares is a landlocked province (it does not border the ocean) and is bordered to the north by the Talca province, to the east by Argentina, to the south by the Ñuble province (Bío Bío region) and to the west by the Cauquenes province. +Population. + (last national census), there were 253,990 people living in the province, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km2. The urban population was 139,742 persons ( of the total). +The largest city of the province is Linares, its capital, with a population, in 2002, of 65,133 inhabitants, followed by the cities of Parral (26,397 inhabitants) and San Javier (20,524 inhabitants). +Administration. +As a province, Linares is a second-level administrative division, consisting of 8 communes ("comunas"). The city of Linares serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor. + += = = Names for ordinal numbers = = = +Here are some words for small ordinal numbers. Words in bold are irregular. +When writing other numbers between 21 and 99, only use the cardinal form of the last number. Also, you must use a hyphen (-). +The ordinal number 100 is written as "one hundredth", but sometimes people say "the hundredth". +To write a number from 100 to 999: +Examples: +You can also write ordinal numbers by writing the number, then the ending (-st, -nd, -rd, or -th) from above. + += = = Ministro Pistarini International Airport = = = +Ministro Pistarini International Airport or also called as Ezeiza International Airport is an airport located in nearby Ezeiza, Buenos Aires, Argentina. +Its IATA code is EZE and ICAO code is SAEZ. +It is the direct entrance of long-distance international flights to the country, since the domestic and regional connections operate mostly from the Jorge Newbery Airport, which makes it the largest and most modern air terminal in Argentina. It recently received a rating of over 8 points out of 10 in the 2019 AirHelp Score, earning it 20th place in this ranking. +It is currently the base of operations for Aerolíneas Argentinas internationally. It is also the headquarters of the Ezeiza Naval Air Station of the Argentine Navy. +Opened in 1949, it was for three years the largest air base in the world. It operates with several airlines. Given its geographical location and market size, an important part of its flights have stopovers in Santiago, São Paulo and Lima. +Here are some of North American carriers that currently serve Ministro Pistarini: +Extensions. +Modernization 2017-Current. +In January 2017, the Minister of the Interior, Rogelio Frigerio, presented the Advance Passenger Information system that speeds up immigration procedures and obtains accurate information on the criminal record of passengers entering the country. +In March 2018, the Argentine government presented a $15 billion investment plan to transform the Ezeiza International Airport. +Infrastructure. +The airport has the capacity to serve the Airbus A380 superjumbo in hangar 5. + += = = Clapper = = = +Clapper or Clappers may refer to: + += = = Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport = = = +Arturo Merino Benitez International Airport or also called as Santiago-Pudahuel Airport is an airport located in Santiago, Chile, is Chile's largest aviation facility. +Its IATA code is SCL and ICAO code is SCEL. +The building is the hub for various Chilean airline companies, such as Chile's largest national and international airlines, which has been the subject of a drug trafficking investigation by chilean police. +Airlines which serve Comodoro Arturo Merino Benitez International Airport include: + += = = São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport = = = +São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport is an airport that serves São Paulo, Brazil, located 25 km north of the city centre. It is sometimes called Cumbica Airport, after the suburb in which it is located. +Its IATA code is GRU and ICAO code is SBGR. +The following airlines fly into Guarulhos: +Many of these airlines have lounges at Guarulhos, most of which have internet access and mobile phone support, along with two meeting rooms for corporate executives. +There are also several restaurants, bookstores and cafés in the airport. + += = = Linares, Chile = = = +Linares is a Chilean city and commune in the Maule Region, in the Chilean Central Valley. Linares is the capital city of the province of Linares. +History. +Linares was founded on 23 May 23 1794, as the "Villa de San Ambrosio de Linares" by Ambrosio O'Higgins, father of Bernardo O'Higgins. O'Higgins was then "Captain General" (a military governor) of Chile and Francisco de la Mata Linares was the Governor of Concepción. +In 1873, the province of Linares was created from the old province of Maule; it had three departments: Linares, Parral and Loncomilla. +In 1927, Linares was eliminated as a province and became part of the new province of Maule but, in 1936, Linares was made again a province with the same departments. When the regions were created in 1975, the Maule region was formed with the Curicó, Linares, Maule and Talca provinces. +Population. + (last national census), there were 83,249 people (40,518 men and 42,731 women) living in the commune, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km2. The urban population was 68,224 persons ( of the total). +The people from Linares are called "Linarenses", both men and women. +Geography. +The commune has an area of and the city proper, . +The city of Linares is at south of Santiago and south of Talca, the regional capital. +The rivers Ancoa, Putagán and Achibueno are the main rivers that flow through the commune or form its natural borders. +Most of the territory of the commune is within the central plain ("Valle Central de Chile"). Some low hills are in the most western part of the commune, while its most eastern part is marked by the presence of the foothills of the Andes mountains. +The commune of Linares is bordered on the west by San Javier; on the north by Villa Alegre, Yerbas Buenas and Colbún; on the east, by Colbún, and on the south, by Longaví. +Climate. +The climate of Linares is a mild Mediterranean climate, Csb in the Köppen climate classification. +The average amount of precipitation for the year in Linares is . The month with the most precipitation on average is June with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of . +The average temperature for the year in Linares is . The warmest month, on average, is January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is July, with an average temperature of . +Main sights. +The city and its surroundings have many attractions, for example: +Some natural attractions in the surrounding area include the piedmont of the Andes mountains, with forests of pines and other trees; lakes (the artificial Colbún lake); rivers, and good camping and hiking areas. +Economy. +Linares is an important agricultural, industrial and financial center of the region. + += = = Camilo Pessanha = = = +Camilo Pessanha (1867-1926) was a Portuguese poet. He is regarded as the most important representative of symbolism in Portuguese literature. +Biography. +Camilo de Almeida Pessanha was born in Coimbra on 7 September 1867. His parents were Francisco António de Almeida Pessanha and Maria do Espírito Santo Duarte Nunes Pereira. He studied law at the university of Coimbra. After finishing his studies he went to Macao, a Portuguese town in China. He worked as a teacher there. Pessanha became interested in Chinese culture. He learned Chinese. He died in Macao on 1 March 1926. His death may have been caused by the poet's opium habit. +Works. +Camilo Pessanha is the author of only one poetic book. It is named Clépsidra and was published in 1922. He also wrote some books about Chinese culture. He collected some works of art in China. He translated some classic Chinese poems, too. Pessanha's works influenced Fernando Pessoa's poetry. He wrote chiefly sonnets. + += = = Enid Lyons = = = +Dame Enid Muriel Lyons AD, GBE (née Burnell; 9 July 1897 – 2 September 1981) was an Australian politician. She was the first woman to be elected to the Australian House of Representatives and the first woman in the federal Cabinet. She was the wife of the Premier of Tasmania and later Prime Minister of Australia, Joseph Lyons. +Lyons was born Enid Muriel Burnell in Smithton, Tasmania, one of three daughters of William and Eliza (née Taggett) Burnell. She trained to be a teacher in Hobart. Her mother was active in the Labor party and community groups in Tasmania. She was one of the first women appointed as a Justice of the Peace in Tasmania. +Lyons was made a Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE) in the Coronation Honours of 1937.[4][5] Joseph Lyons died in 1939, aged 59, the first Australian Prime Minister to die in office, and Dame Enid returned to Tasmania. She bitterly resented Joseph Lyons's successor as leader of the UAP, Robert Menzies, who had, she believed, betrayed her husband by resigning from the Cabinet, shortly before Joseph's death.[1] +At the 1943 election Dame Enid Lyons narrowly won the Division of Darwin in north-western Tasmania for the UAP, becoming the first woman in the House of Representatives. Her Labor opponent, who received more primary votes than she did, was the future Tasmanian Premier Eric Reece. At the same election, Dorothy Tangney was elected as a Labor Senator for Western Australia, the nation's first woman Senator. +In retirement, Dame Enid's health recovered. She was a newspaper columnist (1951–54), a commissioner of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1951–62), and remained active in public life promoting family and women's issues. She published three volumes of memoirs, which embarrassed the Liberal Party by reviving her complaints about Menzies' 1939 behaviour towards her husband.[1] +She was nevertheless made a Dame of the Order of Australia (AD) on Australia Day 1980,[8] the second woman to receive this honour. She was the first Australian woman to receive damehoods in different orders. She died the following year and was accorded a state funeral inDevonport, Tasmania, before being buried next to her husband at Mersey Vale Lawn Cemetery.[1] + += = = Kappa Mikey = = = +Kappa Mikey is an American animated television series. It was created by Larry Schwarz. The series was created by Schwarz's studio Animation Collective. The series was first broadcast on February 25, 2006. It ended on September 20, 2008. 52 episodes were made. + += = = List of programs broadcast by Nick Jr. (block) = = = +This is a list of television programs currently or formerly broadcast on Nickelodeon's morning block, Nick Jr. from 1988 to 2009 and since 2014 under its current name, 2009 to 2012 under the "Nick Play Date" name, and 2012 to 2014 under the "Nick: The Smart Place to Play" name. + += = = Sapphic stanza = = = +Sapphic stanza is a strophe that is widely used in European poetry. It is of Greek origin and is named after the ancient Greek female poet Sappho. +The stanza consists of four lines. Three of them are composed of eleven syllables and the last one is made up of five syllables. In Greek verse the quantity of syllables is important—whether the syllables are long or short. In other languages, this is no longer significant. +Sapphic stanza was adopted by Roman poets like Horace. His popularity helped in expanding the use of the stanza and became common in many works of literature. The Sapphic stanza was extremely popular in Polish poetry from the 16th century. In English however, is not used often. Among poets who experimented with it was Algernon Charles Swinburne. + += = = International Youth Arts Festival = = = +International Youth Arts Festival (IYAF) is an annual youth arts festival held in the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames every July. The festival was founded in 2009 by Robin Hutchinson MBE and has involved more than 25,000 young people as participants and volunteers since 2009. +It is an open-access performing arts festival: it does not book performers and anyone may participate. The festival programme includes a range of art forms including theatre, dance, music, comedy, visual arts and children's shows. +Venues. +Venues across the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames support artists in the festival by transforming their spaces into performance venues. The festival includes over 200 staged events in venues including Rose Theatre, Arthur Cotterell Theatre, Kingston Library, Fairfield Recreation Ground, Eagle Brewery Wharf and The Library club. The venues are close together, enabling audience members to visit multiple performances. +People. +Artistic Directors. +2016 - Andy Currums +2015 - Trevor Blackman +2009 - 2014 Aniela Zaba +Patrons. +Patrons of International Youth Arts Festival include Angellica Bell, Michael Underwood, Tom Holland, Tom Chambers, Sheridan Smith and Matt Lucas. +Chairman and founding Trustee. +Robin Hutchinson MBE + += = = Olea capensis = = = +Olea capensis (synonyms are "Olea undulata" and O. laurifolia) is also called black ironwood. +It is an African tree species belonging to the olive family (Oleaceae). It is widespread in Africa south of the Sahara. It grows from the east in Somalia, Ethiopia and Sudan, south to the tip of South Africa, and west to Cameroon, Sierra Leone and the Islands of the Gulf of Guinea, as well as Madagascar and the Comoros. It occurs in the bush, littoral scrub and evergreen forest. +The Guinness Book of World Records lists this tree as the world's most dense wood, with a specific gravity of 1.49. It is known for sinking in water, unlike other woods. It is also the one of the world's hardest woods. The timber resists abrasion and is very strong. It is an excellent turnery wood, widely used for wooden items. + += = = USRC Vigilant (1791) = = = +Vigilant was one of the original ten cutters built and used by the United States Revenue Cutter Service. Her name meant: On the alert; watchful. "Vigilant" was launched in 1791 in New York and was used to patrol New York waters. +History. +Her design was that of a schooner. She was rigged with fore-and-aft sails on two masts. She was long and had a shallow of only . "Vigilant", launched in March 1791, it was probably the first cutter in the water. She was not, however, the first to enter into active service. Her first patrol was in December 1791. Her first master was Patrick Dennis, appointed on 6 October 1790. He also supervised the construction. Dennis served as master until his death on February 9, 1798. +Her assigned waters included New York Harbor, the coast of New York and New Jersey, Long Island Sound and the Hudson River as far as Albany, New York. On November 14, 1798 "Vigilant" was sold for £348. The Revenue Cutter Service decided the "Vigilant" was not large enough to carry out her duties. Nothing further is known of the cutter after that date. + += = = USRC Massachusetts = = = +USRC "Massachusetts" was one of the original ten cutters built and used by the United States Revenue Cutter Service. While not the first USRS cutter to be launched, it was the first to enter active service. +History. +"Massachusetts" was built at Newburyport, MA by shipwright William Searle. She was designed as a schooner. She was rigged with fore-and-aft sails on two masts. +On July 15, 1791 "Massachusetts" was launched. John Foster Williams was its first master. Her crew consisted of four officers, four enlisted men and two cabin boys. She was long by wide and had a shallow draft of only . Williams ordered an increase in her size without getting approval by the service. This increased her cost over what was originally budgeted. But the government accepted the "Massachusetts" as changed by Williams. +She had the shortest service life of any of the original ten cutters. The first "Massachusetts" turned out to be too expensive to operate and was too slow. On 9 October 1792 she was sold. In 1793 she was replaced by a smaller lighter sloop, the "Massachusetts II". + += = = Lucrezia Marinella = = = +Lucrezia Marinella (or Marinelli, 1571-1653) was an Italian poet. +She was born in Venice. Her father, named Giovanni Marinelli was a physician, so was her brother, Curzio Marinelli. Nothing is known however about her mother. The social position of the family enabled her to learn. She married Girolamo Vacca, who was also a physician. +Marinella wrote many works. She is widely known as the author of "La nobiltà et l'eccellenza delle donne co' diffetti et mancamenti de gli uomini" ("The Nobility and Excellence of Women and the Defects and Vices of Men", 1600). Her greatest work is an epic poem "L'Enrico ovvero Bisanzio acquistato". At that time the genre of epic poem was regarded as suitable for only men. Lucrezia Marinella proved that a woman can write a heroic poem. The poem is written in ottava rima which is considered to be a difficult form. It was translated into English by Maria Galli Stampino. +Lucrezia Marinella lived long for her time period. She died of malaria in Venice on 9 October 1653. She was buried in the church of S. Pantalone. + += = = USRC Active (1791) = = = +USRC "Active" (1791) was one of the original ten cutters built and used by the United States Revenue Cutter Service. It was commissioned in 1792 and remained in service until 1800. +History. +"Active" was built by the shipwright David Stodder in Baltimore, Maryland. She was designed as a schooner. She was rigged with fore-and-aft sails on two masts. She was launched on April 9, 1791 and was based in Baltimore. USRC "Active" was used to patrol the waters of the Chesapeake Bay. +Her first master was Simon Gross. Her first mate was Isaac Roach and her second mate was Benjamin Rue. Goss resigned in 1792 and President George Washington promoted the former first mate, David Porter, as master. The 1791-built cutter named "Active" was sold in 1800. + += = = National Serbian Clarinet Association = = = +The National Serbian Clarinet Association (NSCA, Serb. "���������� ������ ��������������� �����������"/"Nacionalna srpska klarinetistička asocijacija") is an association established in 2015, by Serbian clarinetists. Most of the founders were members of the International Clarinet Association (ICA) and European Clarinet Association (ECA) who are active professional performers of classical music. There are also students and clarinetists who perform other genres of music. +Aims. +The main aims of the NSCA, declared in its Founding Act and Statute, include assembling Serbian clarinetists interested in researching the clarinet and clarinet literature, organizing clarinet-related events, and collaborating with foreign clarinetists and clarinet associations. +Board of Directors. +The Board of Directors consists of: +Council. +The Council members are: Nicholas Cox (UK), Heike Fricke (Germany), James Gillespie (USA), Andrea Massimo Grassi (Italy), Alan R. Kay (USA), Joze Kotar (Slovenia), Milan Milosevic (Canada), Jean-Marie Paul (France), Kyrill Rybakov (Russia), Vladimir Skorokhodov (Belarus), Robert Spring (USA), Stephan Vermeersch (Belgium), Eva Wasserman-Margolis (Israel), Anton Weinberg (UK) and Floyd Williams (Australia). + += = = International Clarinet Association = = = +The International Clarinet Association is the main international organization bringing together players of the clarinet. It is based in the United States. The ICA publishes a quarterly journal "The Clarinet", produces an annual festival "ClarinetFest", supports a research library and score collection, and in other ways advances the international study of the clarinet. + += = = ECA = = = +ECA may refer to: + += = = European Clarinet Association = = = +The European Clarinet Association is association that assembles clarinetists from various European countries. +History. +At the 2009 ClarinetFest in Porto, Portugal, a group of European clarinetists decided to found the European Clarinet Association - ECA. The Board of Directors included clarinetists from different European regions, under the leadership of Matthias Müller from Zurich. +Aims. +The aims of the European Clarinet Association are: + += = = Educational technologist = = = +An educational technologist is someone trained in the field of educational technology. Educational technologists try to analyze, design, develop, implement and evaluate processes and tools to make learning easier. The term does not necessarily, or even mainly, refer to hardware. The most significant ideas came from applied psychology and programmed learning. +There are various other terms which are alternatives, most obviously 'instructional technologist'. There have been various names for institutions specialising in the activity. The description used originally at the UK Open University was 'Applied Educational Sciences', changed later to 'Institute of Educational Technology'. To produce the landmark program "Sesame Street", the Childrens' Television Workshop employed applied psychologists to pre-test all programs. This was a typical activity for educational technologists even if they were not called by that name. + += = = Māori religion = = = +Traditional Māori religion, a pre-European belief system of the Māori, was very like the religion of the tropical Eastern Polynesian homeland (Hawaiki Nui). Both religions conceive of everything, including natural elements, all living things, and that all are connected by common descent through whakapapa or genealogy. All things were thought of as possessing a life force or mauri. Illustrating this concept of connectedness through genealogy are the major personifications of pre-contact times. +Tangaroa was the personification of the ocean and the ancestor or origin of all fish; Tāne was the personification of the forest and the origin of all birds. Rongo was the personification of peaceful activities and agriculture and the ancestor of cultivated plants. According to some, the supreme personification of the Māori was Io; however this idea is controversial. + += = = Vincent du Vigneaud = = = +Vincent du Vigneaud (May 18, 1901 – December 11, 1978) was an American biochemist. He won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1955 for his work on oxytocin. +Du Vigneaud was born in Chicago, Illinois. He studied chemistry at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and then worked for the chemical company DuPont for one year. He then went back to university to study for his Ph.D degree. He received his Ph.D in 1927. He taught for one year at the medical school of Johns Hopkins University and then went to Europe. He did research in Dresden in Germany and at the medical school of the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. When he went back to America, he became a professor at the University of Illinois. In 1932 he moved to the George Washington University Medical School. In 1938 he moved to Cornell University Medical College in New York City. He was a professor at Cornell until he retired in 1967. + += = = Stove fan = = = +Stove fans are small fans that are usually set on top of a wood-burning stove, although they can be put on top of anything warm, like an oven. A stove will slowly radiate heat into the surrounding room, but it can take a long time for this to warm up a room. A fan will make air move past the stove and into the room, which will make the room warm up much faster. (This type of heat is called "convection.") +Although any kind of fan can help warm move air around a room, this type of stove fan is placed directly on the top of the stove. You don't plug it in, and it doesn't have any batteries. Instead, the heat from the stove itself causes the fan to move. +There are two main ways a stove fan can work: + += = = Englischer Garten = = = +The Englischer Garten, German for "English Garden", is a large public park in the centre of Munich, Bavaria, Germany stretching from the city centre to the northeastern city limits. It was created in 1789 by Sir Benjamin Thompson (1753–1814), later Count Rumford (Reichsgraf von Rumford), for Prince Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria. Thompsons' successors, Reinhard von Werneck (1757–1842) and Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell (1750–1823), advisers on the project from its beginning, both extended and improved the park. + += = = Benjamin Zephaniah = = = +Benjamin Obadiah Iqbal Zephaniah (15 April 1958 – 6 December 2023) was a British Jamaican writer, dub poet and Rastafarian. He was included in "The Times" list of Britain's top 50 post-war writers in 2008. +Zephaniah was a young black boy who had dyslexia and encountered Racism at his new school in Birmingham. He grew up in Handsworth up until the age of 9 when his mother who was also a Jamaican nurse who fled from his father who was a postman back in Barbados. Leaving his twin sister Velda and other siblings Zephaniah felt isolated as being a young black boy with a disability +Zephaniah faced prejudice frequently while residing in London and was involved in the racial riots of the 1980s: "They happened all around me. Racism was really evident back then. The National Front opposed foreigners and people of color, and the police were also very racist. +Zephaniah died on 6 December 2023 because of a brain tumor at the age of 65. + += = = Gabriel Pereira de Castro = = = +Gabriel Pereira de Castro (1571-1632) was a Portuguese priest, lawyer and poet. +Biography. +Gabriel Pereira de Castro was born in Braga on 7 February 1571. He became a priest there. Then he studied law at the University of Coimbra. He died on 18 October 1632 in Lisbon. +Works. +Gabriel Pereira de Castro wrote some books about law. He is however known chiefly for his epic poem "Ulisseia ou Lisboa Edificada" ("Ulisseia or Lisbon Built"). It was published in 1636. It consists of ten books. It is written in ottava rima. Its form is typical for Renaissance epic poems. The poem imitates "The Lusiads" by Luís Vaz de Camões. It is about the founding of the town of Lisbon by Ulysses (Odysseus). + += = = Grossdietwil = = = +Grossdietwil is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. + += = = Hergiswil bei Willisau = = = +Hergiswil bei Willisau is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. + += = = Télécom Paris = = = +Télécom Paris (also known as ENST or Télécom or École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, also Télécom ParisTech until 2019) is a renowned graduate engineering school in France. It is in a campus of the University of Paris-Saclay (Northern France). +Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees : +Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at Télécom Paris. +Most of the 1600 graduate engineer students at Télécom Paris live in dedicated residential buildings nearby research labs and metro public transports. +Research labs. +Research activities at Télécom Paris relate to the following topics: + += = = Luthern = = = +Luthern is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. +Villages. +Hofstatt, Flühlen, Luthern, Luthern Dorf and Luthern Bad. + += = = Menznau = = = +Menznau is a municipality of the district Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. + += = = USRC General Green = = = +USRC "General Green" was one of the original ten cutters built and used by the United States Revenue Cutter Service. Although misspelled, she was named for the Revolutionary War hero Major General Nathanael Greene. +History. +The "General Green" was launched on July 7, 1791 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was built by shipwright David Price and stationed in the Delaware Bay. Her first master was James Montegomery. In 1791, her First Mate was Isaac Roach and her Second Mate was Charles Nuttle. "General Green" was rigged as a schooner with a displacement of and had a crew including four officers, four enlisted men and two cabin boys. She was armed with 10 four-pounder guns. Her first patrol was on July 7, 1791. The "General Green" was sold in December, 1797. She was replaced by the "USRC General Green (1797)" which was built to be loaned out to the United States Navy during the Quasi-War with France. + += = = Coby Bryant = = = +Coby Bryant (born March 29, 1999) is an American football cornerback for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Cincinnati. + += = = Armancourt, Somme = = = +Armancourt is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +Geography. +The commune is about southeast of Amiens. + += = = Arrest, Somme = = = +Arrest is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 868. + += = = Arvillers = = = +Arvillers is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 737. + += = = Assainvillers = = = +Assainvillers is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 165. + += = = Assevillers = = = +Assevillers is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 267. + += = = Athies, Somme = = = +Athies is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 2006. + += = = Aubercourt = = = +Aubercourt is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 57. + += = = Development regions of the Dominican Republic = = = +The development regions of the Dominican Republic are groups of provinces made only for planning purposes and without any administrative function. They were created on 30 June 2004. +There are 10 development regions in three groups: +Cibao +Suroeste +Sureste +The population data in the following tables are from the last national census (). +Cibao. +The Cibao is one of the tradicional division of the country; it corresponds with the northern half of the country. + += = = Aubigny, Somme = = = +Aubigny is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 528. + += = = Aubvillers = = = +Aubvillers is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 114. + += = = Auchonvillers = = = +Auchonvillers is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 137. + += = = Aumâtre = = = +Aumâtre is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 204. + += = = Aumont, Somme = = = +Aumont is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 138. + += = = Authie, Somme = = = +Authie is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +The river Authie begins in Coigneux. + += = = Avelesges = = = +Avelesges is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +The commune is 44 km away from Amiens. + += = = Avesnes-Chaussoy = = = +Avesnes-Chaussoy is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 54. + += = = Ayencourt = = = +Ayencourt is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 194. + += = = Bacouel-sur-Selle = = = +Bacouel-sur-Selle is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2010 the population was 474. + += = = Bailleul, Somme = = = +Bailleul is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2012 the population was 278. + += = = Baizieux = = = +Baizieux is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2010 the population was 213. + += = = Balâtre = = = +Balâtre is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2006 the population was 83. + += = = Barleux = = = +Barleux is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2010 the population was 264. + += = = Bavelincourt = = = +Bavelincourt is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2017 the population was 106. + += = = Bayencourt = = = +Bayencourt is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2010 the population was 83. + += = = Bazentin = = = +Bazentin is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2010 the population was 76. + += = = Beaucamps-le-Jeune = = = +Beaucamps-le-Jeune is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. +In 2010 the population was 191. + += = = Bangarra Dance Theatre = = = +Bangarra Dance Theatre is an Australian dance company. It specialises in presenting works by Indigenous Australian dancers, choreographers and musicians. It began in 1989. It is based in Sydney. Bangarra Dance Theatre performed in the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2000 Summer Olympics. + += = = Smokey Mountain = = = +Smokey Mountain is a big landfill site in Manila in the Philippines. It was called "Smokey Mountain" because of the thick smoke coming from burning waste. There were 2 million tons of waste dumped there. It made a big mountain. Many poor people lived in a shanty town at Smokey Mountain. They earned money by selling things they found in the dumped waste. These were things like plastic bottles, glass, cardboard, and copper wire. +The Philippine government closed Smokey Mountain in 1995. No more waste was dumped there. The government cleaned up the landfill site. They covered up the mountain of waste with dirt. They planted grass and trees. They knocked down the shanty town. New houses were built next to Smokey Mountain. +This did not stop all the problems. Many poor people moved to a new landfill very close to Smokey Mountain. Waste is still dumped in that new landfill. The poor people built a new shanty town there. In the new landfill they still work all day looking in the waste for things they can sell. + += = = Vulnicura = = = +Vulnicura is the ninth studio album by Icelandic singer-songwriter Björk released in March 2015. The album deals the break-up with her long-time partner Matthew Barney chronologically. The name Vulnicura is a latin word that means "Cure for wounds". +The album was produced by Björk, Venezuelan producer Arca and British producer The Haxan Cloak. To promote the album, Björk embarked in the Vulnicura Tour. No song was released as promotional single. +It received universal acclaim from music critics and drew comparison to Björk previous albums Homogenic (1997) and Vespertine due to its instrumentation (strings and electronic beats) as well as its lyrical content. +Two different versions of the album were released during 2015 and 2016: Vulnicura Strings, which feature all the songs with new string arrangements, and Vulnicura Live, featuring Live versions of the album tracks as well as songs from her previous albums with new arrangements. + += = = 1932 Cuba hurricane = = = +The 1932 Cuba hurricane was (at the time) the deadliest hurricane in the history of Cuba. The storm was the only Category 5 Atlantic hurricane in the month of November until 2020. +Cuba was hit with heavy storm surge during the hurricane. Few buildings withstood the storm. +There were around 3,033 deaths in Cuba from the storm. It did over US$40 million in damage on the island. +The storm also affected the Cayman Islands, Bermuda and the Bahamas. + += = = Nebikon = = = +Nebikon is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. + += = = Ohmstal = = = +Ohmstal was a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2013, the former municipality of Ohmstal merged into the municipality of Schötz. + += = = Pfaffnau = = = +Pfaffnau is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. + += = = Schwarzenbach, Lucerne = = = +Schwarzenbach is a village and former municipality of the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. +Since 2005, it is part of the municipality of Beromünster. + += = = United States Life-Saving Service = = = +The United States Life-Saving Service (USLSS) was a United States government agency that grew out of concerns for saving the lives of shipwrecked sailors and ship's passengers. The federal life-saving service was established on June 28, 1848 as an agency of the United States Department of the Treasury. In 1915, the USLSS merged with the United States Revenue Cutter Service to form the United States Coast Guard. +Background. +Large areas of the Atlantic coast of the United States were relatively unpopulated during the 18th and 19th centuries. Any ship that ran aground, even within sight of land, could not expect much help. Even if people saw a ship in trouble they did not have organizations or the equipment to go out and rescue those who were in trouble. Even in places like New York Harbor ships could run aground on sandbars during storms and not have anyone to help them. In a storm a ship caught on a sandbar could be broken into pieces in just hours. Some survivors might be able to swim to shore, but in winter they could die from hypothermia before anyone might find and help them. An example was the American sailing ship "Mexico". In 1837 it ran aground on the New Jersey coast and before anyone knew of the wreck, all 112 passengers had died. +History. +There were early organizations that provided life-saving services in certain areas. For instance, in 1786, the Massachusetts Humane Society was formed by a number of Boston citizens who were concerned over the needless loss of life from shipwrecks in the area. They started the first lifeboat station at Cohasset, Massachusetts in 1807. These stations were small sheds that held the small boats and equipment that volunteers could use to rescue mariners. The society had recognized that only small boats were useful for life-saving since larger boats risked being shipwrecked as well. But the early sheds were only placed near busy ports and large areas of the coast remained unprotected. +On 14 August, 1848, Congress approved s for equipment for volunteers to provide life-saving rescues on the coastlines of New Jersey, New York and Massachusetts. Some funds went to the Massachusetts Humane Society because of their leadership in providing rescues for shipwreck victims. In 1850, a lifeboat station was built in Rhode Island and others were built in North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida and Texas. In 1854, Congress approved $12,500 for metal surfboats for use in the Great Lakes. While Congress was providing funds from time to time, the efforts to save shipwrecked crews was still largely unorganized. Lifeboat stations and equipment were not kept up. Some equipment was stolen while the buildings were suffering from neglect and the effects of the weather on the shorelines. When the ship "Powhattan" was lost on April 16, 1852 and over 200 people died, the wreck happened just from a lifeboat station. To make matters worse, the bodies that washed up on shore were robbed of their belongings and left there. This got Congress to begin thinking about creating a federal life-saving service. In 1854 they began to take actions toward creating such a service. But progress on the idea stalled during the American Civil War. +The 1870 Atlantic hurricane season caused widespread destruction and casualties on a large scale. There was an national call for Congress to do something. Sumner Increase Kimball was an attorney who had joined the United States Department of the Treasury in 1862. In 1871 he was appointed to head the Life-Saving Bureau. Under his leadership the service was extended to the West Coast and the Great Lakes. +At this time there were two ways to save people in the water. One, which was used if the ship was close, was to rig a breeches buoy, a device on a rope used to pull someone to safety. The other method was to use a boat to row out through the surf to reach victims. Boats at this time were around long and were partially covered to keep water out. Crews often rowed through waves that were higher than the length of their boats. In about 1907, the boats began using gasoline-powered engines. +On January 28, 1915, the U.S. Coast Guard was formed by combining the Revenue Cutter Service with the Life-Saving Service. The law provided retirement of Kimball and many of the services' older employees. During its 44 year existence, the Life-Saving Service provided help to 28,121 ships and 178,741 people. During this time only 1,455 people lost their lives in rescues or attempted rescues by the USLSS. + += = = Jan Matejko = = = +Jan Alojzy Matejko (; also known as Jan Mateyko; 24 June 1838 – 1 November 1893) was a Polish painter. He is generally regarded as the greatest one in the 19th century. +Biography. +Jan Matejko was born in Kraków (Cracow). on 24 June 1838. His father was Czech musician František Xaver Matějka (in Poland Franciszek Ksawery Matejko), a music teacher. His mother was Joanna Karolina Rossberg, who was half-German. He was never good at school. He never learned a foreign language well. However, he showed great artistic talent. +He studied at the School of Fine Arts in Kraków from 1852 to 1858. His professors were Wojciech Korneli Stattler and Władyslaw Łuszczkiewicz. He also studied in Munich and Vienna. Then he returned to Kraków and stayed in the town for the rest of his life. He was the principal of the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków. Among his students were Jacek Malczewski, Józef Mehoffer and Stanisław Wyspiański. +Matejko died on 1 November 1893 in Kraków. He is buried at Rakowicki Cemetery in Kraków. +Works. +Matejko is famous for his historical paintings. He painted portraits, too, especially those of his children. His best known paintings are "Astronomer Copernicus - Conversation with God", "Hanging of the Zygmunt bell", "Prussian Homage" and "Battle of Grunwald". He also published a book named "Portraits of Polish Kings" (1890). Most of these portraits are imaginary, meaning he painted kings and princes who lived many centuries before. There are no earlier pictures of them. + += = = Union of Azerbaijani Writers = = = +The Union of Azerbaijani Writers () is the largest public organization of Azerbaijani writers, poets and publicists. It has over 1500 members at present. It was founded on June 13, 1934. At this time Azerbaijan was a part of the Soviet Union as the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic. +It is currently chaired by the writer Anar since 1987. He is the son of writer Rasul Rza. Rza was the chairman between 1938–1939. + += = = USRC Scammel (1791) = = = +Scammel was one of the original ten cutters built and used by the United States Revenue Cutter Service. The "Schammel" was named by Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton, after the American Revolutionary War Adjutant general of the army, Alexander Scammell. General Scammell was captured by the British at the Battle of Yorktown and shot. As with the USRC "General Green" (1791), the name is misspelled. The "Scammel" was built at Portsmouth, New Hampshire and launched in 1791. She was used to patrol New England waters. +History. +The "Scammel" was built at Portsmouth but problems delayed her construction. She was not launched until a month after the USRC General Green (1791), on August 24, 1791. She was to be stationed at Portsmouth and her patrol area was from Nantucket, Massachusetts to the Passamaquoddy Bay in Maine. Her first master was Hopley Yeaton, the first seagoing officer to be commissioned in the U.S. Revenue Cutter Service. John Parrott was the second mate while John Adams was third mate. Originally Hamilton had some difficulty in finding a first mate when the "Scammel" went into service. In November 1792, John Adams was promoted to first mate and Benjamin Gunnerson became the new second mate. The first-named cutter "Scammel" was sold Sold on 16 August 1798. +Description. +"Scammel" was a schooner which was built at a cost of $1,225.65. She displaced about She was long by wide and had a draft of . She had a crew of four officers, four enlisted men and two cabin boys. Her arms included 10 muskets and 20 pistols. + += = = Moon landing = = = +A Moon landing is the arrival of a spacecraft on the surface of the Moon. It is a follow up to Project Mercury. This includes both crewed and uncrewed (robotic) missions. The first man-made object to reach the surface of the Moon was the Soviet Union's Luna 2 mission, on 13 September 1959. +The United States' Apollo 11 was the first crewed mission to land on the Moon, on 20 July 1969. There have been six missions with people onboard that landed on the Moon between 1969 and 1972. There were also numerous landings without people onboard, with no soft landings happening from 22 August 1976 until 14 December 2013. +To date, the United States is the only country to have successfully landed humans on the Moon. The last mission was in December, 1972, and the last human to walk on the Moon was Gene Cernan. + += = = Lady Mary Wortley Montagu = = = +Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (baptized 26 May 1689 – 21 August 1762) was an English letter writer and poet. She is famous for her letters about her travels to the Ottoman Empire. Her husband was the British ambassador to Turkey. She also introduced and encouraged smallpox inoculation to Britain. + += = = Xu Zhimo = = = +Xu Zhimo (; Pronunciation: Hsü Chih-mo, 1897-1931) was a Chinese poet. Influenced by western poetries, his romantic work style was a great contribution to modern Chinese literature. His poetry is usually about love, beauty and freedom. +Biography. +Early life. +Xu Zhimo was originally given the name Zhangxu when he was born on January 15th, 1895. He was the only child from a rich family in Xiashi town, China. Though Zhimo’s father had always wanted him to either become a successful businessman or a scholar, Zhimo had shown interest in nature since he was a child. He started studying at age of five, which was early at that time. His teachers considered him an intelligent, clever, and active student. +Later on, in Hangzhou Secondary School, he not only had excellent academic performance but also made many friends whom they shared the same interest ― writing. That was also when Zhimo started to show his great writing ability. Right after his first marriage in 1915, Zhimo continued his study in Tianjin University. There he met Liang Qichao, a well-known Chinese writer who first encouraged him to go study in the U.S. +Study & Career. +Xu Zhimo went to the U.S. to accomplish his education in 1918. He first studied history in Clark University, and then transferred to Cornell and Columbia Universities for economics in 1919. During the time in Columbia University, he wrote articles about social issues and political science. In 1920, he left for London School of Economics and Political Science because he wanted to study with Bertrand Russell and Harold Laski, the two philosopher and theorist whom he really admired. Later he went to King’s College, Cambridge, where he was influenced by English poets such as Keats and Shelley. Being taught by Goldsworthy Lowes Dickinson, it was when Zhimo started working on poetries that showed influence of English romantic literature. Before returning to China, Zhimo had translated some English and French romantic works into Chinese. +In China, he put most of his efforts on producing poetries, in which he combined western romantic elements and modern Chinese forms. He published a monthly magazine “Goal”, which was to encourage Chinese people to achieve their goals. With Liang Qichao and Hu Shi, Zhimo formed a poetry society, “The Crescent Moon Society”. Their modern work style and the everyday language tone in their works were huge breakthroughs in Chinese literature. +In the last few years of his life he was editors in several bookstores and professors in many universities. +Love Life. +Xu Zhimo, throughout his life, was pursuing beauty, freedom and love. In search of true love, there were three especially important women ― Zhang Youyi, Lin Huiyin and Lu Xiaoman, who influenced both Zhimo’s life and works. +By the time Zhimo graduated from Hangzhou Secondary School in 1915, his father arranged his marriage with Zhang Youyi, which was a Chinese tradition that Zhimo tried to get rid of. Later while he was studying at Cambridge University in 1920, he met Lin Huiyin, who was also influenced by western culture and English romantic literature. They fell in love and that was when Zhimo was able to produce many romantic poetries about love. +Zhimo then divorced with Zhang Youyi in 1922. However, Lin Huiyin decided to go back to China and marry Liang Qichao’s son, Liang Sicheng. In order to search for Huiyin, Zhimo returned to China. He met Lu Xiaoman in Beijing and they were both impressed by each other’s talents and knowledge. They soon fell in love with each for several years and got married in 1926 and lived happily for the first few years. However, when Xiaoman became wasteful, Zhimo had to teach in two universities to sustain the expenditure. That was also when Zhimo’s production in poems decreased. +Death. +On November 19th, 1931, Zhimo took a plane from Beijing to Nanjing in order to attend Lin Huiyin’s speech. During the flight the plane crashed into the hills near Jinan because of the thick fog. Zhimo died at the age of 35. +Works, Style and Influence. +Xu Zhimo was the leader of modern Chinese poetry movement. He was one of the pioneers who combined modern and romantic elements in Chinese poetry. Influenced by western forms, his romantic works broke old Chinese literary forms. In his short life, Zhimo translated many English poems, published four poetry anthologies, four collections of essays, and many significant poetries. Also, as editors for many different monthly magazines, he promoted and introduced western literature and liberal ideas to Chinese people. +Xu Zhimo’s Translations of English Poems. +William Blake - The Tiger, Thomas Hardy - A Week, The Wound, The Division, Her Initials, To The Moon, I Look into My Glass, Katherine Mansfield - The Meeting, The Gulf, Sleeping Together, James Elroy Flecker - Tenebris Interlucentem V. II, Matthew Arnold - Requiescat, Christina Rossetti - Song, The Hour and the Ghost +Xu Zhimo’s Original Poems. +By Chance, Go, It is Not Easy to Survive Nowadays, Spring, Saying Goodbye to Cambridge Again (also: Leaving Cambridge), Cricket, I Don’t Know Which Direction the Wind is Blowing, Insignificance, You Are in His Eyes, Wind in the Pines at Midnight, The Wide Sea, A P'i-pa Tune in an Alley at Midnight + += = = Reiden = = = +Reiden is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2006, the former municipalities of Langnau bei Reiden and Richenthal merged into the municipality of Reiden. + += = = Canary Wharf = = = +Canary Wharf is a major business district in Tower Hamlets, East London. It is one of the United Kingdom's two main financial centres, second only to the traditional City of London. It contains many of Europe's tallest buildings, including the second-tallest in the UK, One Canada Square. Canary Wharf is located on the West India Docks on the Isle of Dogs. +West India Dock Company. +From 1802 to the late 1980s, the Canary Wharf Estate was a part of Millwall, Limehouse and Poplar and was one of the busiest docks in the world. West India Docks was primarily developed by Robert Milligan (c. 1746–1809) who set up the West India Dock Company. After the 1960s, the port industry began to decline, leading to all the docks being closed by 1980. +Canary Wharf today. +The Canary Wharf of today is a complete reworking of the old dock area into a new business area. +Initially, the City of London saw Canary Wharf as a threat. Recovery in the property market generally, and demand for Grade A office space, improved the level of interest. A critical event was the much-delayed start of work on the Jubilee line extension, which the government wanted ready for the Millennium celebrations. +Public transport. +Canary Wharf has stations on the Jubilee Line and the Docklands Light Railway and since 2022 the Elizabeth Line. + += = = Antonina Domańska = = = +Antonina Domańska (September 1853 – 26 January 1917) was a Polish writer. She wrote lots of books for children. +Biography. +Antonina Domańska was born in September 1853 in Kamieniec Podolski (now in Ukraine). The exact date of birth is unknown. She was a daughter of physician Aleksander Kremer and Modesta Płońska. She was the aunt of a poet Lucjan Rydel. In 1865 she moved to Kraków (Cracow). She met her future husband, Stanisław Domański there. He was a physician. She was present at Lucjan Rydel's wedding in the village of Bronowice near Kraków in 1900. This is why she was portrayed in the drama "Wesele" ("The Wedding") by Stanisław Wyspiański. She died in on 26 January 1917. +Works. +Domańska's most famous books for children are "Historia żółtej ciżemki" ("The Story of Yellow Shoe", 1913) and "Paziowie króla Zygmunta" ("King Sigismund's Pageboys", 1910). Two films were based on them. + += = = USRC Argus = = = +USRC "Argus (1791)" was one of the original ten cutters built and used by the United States Revenue Cutter Service. Of the first ten cutters, the "Argus" was in service the longest. +History. +"Argus" was built and launched in 1791 at New London, Connecticut where she remained stationed. The first-named Argus was sold in 1804. "Argus" was designed as a sloop. She was long by wide and had a draft of . She displaced about . +Jonathan Maltbie was her first master. He died on 11 Feb. 1798 while still in command of the "Argus". He served in the Continental Navy during and after the American Revolutionary War. His last assignment was as a first lieutenant on the frigate "USS Trumbull." + += = = Garuda Indonesia Flight 152 = = = +Garuda Indonesia Flight 152 was a scheduled domestic Indonesian passenger flight from Soekarno-Hatta International Airport in Jakarta to Polonia International Airport in Medan, North Sumatra. It was flown using an Airbus A300B4 registered PK-GAI and operated Garuda Indonesia. +On September 26, 1997, Flight 152, piloted by Hance Rahmowiyogo, crashed into mountainous woodlands from Medan during low visibility caused by the 1997 Southeast Asian haze. All 234 passengers and crew were killed in the disaster. Rahmowiyogo, age 42, had over 20 years of flying experience at Garuda Indonesia and over 12,000 flying hours. The crash site was in a ravine near the village of Buah Nabar in the Sibolangit district south of Medan. +Flight 152 remains the deadliest single-plane crash in Indonesia, and the deadliest aviation accident in 1997. + += = = Guairá Department = = = +The Guairá department () is a department of Paraguay. The capital is the city of Villarrica. Its code is PY-04. +Geography. +The Guairá department is in the central part of the "Oriental" region. It has an area of , one of the smallest of the "Oriental" region and of the country, with an estimated population (2013) of 198,532 for a population density of . +Limits. +The highest points of Paraguay are in the Guairá department; these are: +Rivers. +The main river in the department is the "Tebicuary", a tributary of the Paraguay river. The "Tebicuari-mi" is an important tributary of the Tebicuari. +Climate. +, the total amount of precipitation in the city of Villarrica was . The month with the most precipitation was April with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation was August with . +The average temperature for the year 2014 in Villarrica was . The warmest month, on average, was February with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is July, with an average temperature of . +Districts. +The department is divided in 18 districts: + += = = Julie Trustrup Jensen = = = +Julie Trustrup Jensen (born 6 April 1994) is a Danish football midfielder who plays for Brøndby IF of Denmark's Elitedivisionen. Since 2013, she has been a member of the senior Danish national team. +Club career. +Trustrup Jensen played for B73 Slagelse until 2009, when she joined Brøndby IF. Good form in season 2010–11 led to Trustrup Jensen being named Denmark's Young Player of the Year. She scored a goal in the 3–2 Danish Women's Cup final win over rivals Fortuna Hjørring. She quit football in 2014 to travel round the world, but soon came back to her career with Brøndby. In June 2015 she scored an injury time winning goal in the Cup final against Fortuna, as Brøndby won 2–1. +International career. +Trustrup Jensen's first match for Denmark came in September 2013. She was a substitute for Brøndby team-mate Nanna Christiansen after 53 minutes of a 4–0 friendly win over Hungary in Budapest. + += = = Acanthuridae = = = +Acanthuridae is the family of surgeonfish, tangs, and unicornfish. +The family includes about 86 living species. It is made up of marine fish living in tropical seas, usually around coral reefs. Many of the species are brightly colored and popular for aquaria. +One of the characteristics of this family is that they have spines on the tail (also known as "thorn tail"). +Morphology. +Surgeonfish have dangerously sharp spines and can slash a person, causing serious injury. Most species of the family are of small size, between 15-40 cm (6-15 in), but the genera "Prionorus" or "Naso" can be larger. The whitemargin unicornfish is the largest species in the family. +Extinct genera. +Acanthuridae includes several extinct genera: +In the aquarium. +Tangs are very sensitive to disease in the home aquarium. It is necessary to quarantine the fishes before introducing them to the aquarium. + += = = State of Palestine = = = +The State of Palestine is a partially recognized country in southwestern Asia. It claims East Jerusalem as its capital, however its administrative center is located in Ramallah. It is recognized by 139 United Nations members. Since 2012, it has non-member observer status in the United Nations. This amounts to a "de facto", or implicit, recognition of statehood. +The Palestinian National Authority claims the West Bank and the Gaza Strip as its territory. It declared independence on 15 November 1988. In 2012, the United Nations voted to recognize it as a State. On 26 February 2024, the Palestinian government collapsed. + += = = Cauquenes Province = = = +Cauquenes Province () is one of four provinces of the central Chilean region of Maule (VII). The provincial capital and largest city is Cauquenes. +Geography. +The Cauquenes province has an area of , the smallest province in the Maule region. The provincial capital, Cauquenes, is about southwest of Santiago. +The province is bordered to the north by the Talca province, to the east by the Linares province, to the south by the Ñuble province (Bío Bío region) and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. +Population. + (last national census), there were 57,088 people living in the province, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km2. The urban population was 38,660 persons ( of the total). +The largest city of the province is Cauquenes, its capital, with a population, in 2002, of 30,771. +Administration. +As a province, Cauquenes is a second-level administrative division, consisting of 8 communes ("comunas"). The city of Cauquenes serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor. + += = = Acanthuroidei = = = +Acanthuroidei is a suborder of Perciformes, the largest order of fishes. +Members of this suborder have a vertically-shaped body covered with small scales. The name for the suborder comes from that of the surgeonfish (Acanthuridae) family. It is derived from the Greek words "akantha" and "oura", which loosely translate as "thorn" and "tail". + += = = 21 Mincing Lane = = = +The Minster Court complex, at 21 Mincing Lane, is an important building in the City of London. +The London Underwriting Centre (LUC) is there. It runs in parallel with the Underwriting Room at Lloyd's of London. It may be visited by up to 4,000 brokers each day. + += = = Julian Brazier = = = +Sir Julian William Hendy Brazier (born 24 July 1953) is a British Conservative Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Canterbury from 1987 to 2017. + += = = St Botolph Building = = = +The St Botolph Building is an office building in Houndsditch, London. The commercial office opened in January 2011. +It is one of a number of landmark buildings recently developed to the east of the Gherkin in the City of London. It is in the centre of the UK insurance industry. + += = = GR 8 (galaxy) = = = +GR 8, or UGC 8091, is a gas-rich dwarf galaxy. The NED database gives the distance between this galaxy and the Earth as about 7.9 million light years. Although near the Milky Way, it is not decided whether it is a member of the Local Group. + += = = Wacław Potocki = = = +Wacław Potocki (1621 – 1696) was a Polish Baroque poet. +Biography. +Wacław Potocki was born in the village named Wola Łużańska near the town of Biecz in Southern Poland. He was a member of noblemen family. They were Polish Brethren, Christians of the Minor Reformed Church. He was married to Katarzyna Morsztyn. After all Polish Brethren were given order either to become Roman Catholic or to go out of Poland forever, he changed his faith. Wacław Potocki died at Łużna in 1696. He was buried in Francuscan Church in Biecz. +Works. +Wacław Potocki wrote a lot. He is the author of "Ogród fraszek" ("The Garden of Verses") that consists of more than 2 000 short poems. Another book by Potocki, named "Moralia" is composed of more than 2 000 pieces, too. This was based on "Adagia" by Erasmus of Rotterdam. He wrote many poems, sometimes in ottava rima. His best known work is an epic poem "Wojna chocimska" ("The War of Chocim"). It was compared by Claude Backvis, a Belgian scholar, to John Milton's Paradise Lost. It narrates about the great battle against the Turks. The battle was fought in 1621, when the poet was born. The poem was written fifty years after. It is in heroic couplets. Lines of the poem consist of thirteen syllables with feminine rhymes. + += = = New7Wonders of the World = = = +New7Wonders of the World (2000–2007) was an idea to choose new Wonders of the World from a selection of 200 existing monuments. The popularity poll was led by Canadian-Swiss Bernard Weber and organized by the New7Wonders Foundation in Zürich, Switzerland. Winners were announced on 7 July 2007 in Lisbon. +The foundation took only private donations and the sale of broadcast advertising. It had no public funding or taxpayers' money. After the final announcement, New7Wonders said it did not make money and barely recovered its investment. +The seven wonders of the world can be seen on various Celebrity Cruises itineraries. +Official reactions. +The program caused different reactions from countries and organisations. Some countries praised their finalist and tried to get more people to vote for it. Others criticized the contest or did not think it was very important. +United Nations. +In the beginning, UNESCO helped the New7Wonders Foundation by giving advice on nominee selection. Then they decided they could not continue to help. Saying they have to give equal status to all world heritage sites, they dropped out of the program in 2001 and again in 2007. +In 2007 the Foundation became partners with the United Nations to help promote their shared goals. The UN posted on its website: +But in a press release on June 20, 2007, UNESCO said again that it has no link with the "private initiative". +Brazil. +In Brazil there was a campaign named "Vote no Cristo" (Vote for the Christ) which had the support of private companies. Among them were telecommunications workers that stopped charging voters to make telephone calls and SMS messages to vote. Also, important corporate sponsors spent millions of Brazilian reals in an effort to have the statue voted into the top seven. These included a banking company (Banco Bradesco) and a television network (Rede Globo). Newsweek magazine said the campaign was so widespread that: +An article in Newsweek said that an estimated 10 million Brazilians had voted in the contest by early July. An airplane message, with a huge flying sign "4916 VOTE FOR CHRIST" flew in Rio de Janeiro for a month. +Egypt. +Egyptians were not happy that the only surviving ancient wonder, the Great Pyramid of Giza, would have to compete with the Statue of Liberty, the Sydney Opera House, and other modern sites. "This is probably a conspiracy against Egypt, its civilization and monuments", a state-owned daily newspaper wrote. +The Minister of Culture of Egypt, Farouq Hosny said the project was "absurd". Nagib Aymin, an Egyptian expert on World Heritage Sites, said that "in addition to the commercial aspect, the vote has no scientific basis." +After the complaints from Egypt, the Pyramids of Giza were named an honarary candidate, and removed from the voting. They were listed as one of the 21 finalists and given honorary status among the winners. +Voting. +The New7Wonders Foundation said that more than 100 million votes were cast through the Internet or by telephone. Voting by the Internet was limited to one vote for seven monuments per person. More voting was allowed by telephone. This led to criticism that the poll was not valid. At the time, New7Wonders Foundation had "the largest poll on record". +Winners. +The Great Pyramid of Giza was granted honorary status. It is the largest and oldest of the three pyramids at the Giza Necropolis in Egypt. It is also the only structure still remaining of the original Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. + += = = Esociformes = = = +Esociformes are a small order of ray-finned fish (the Actinopterygii). There are two families, the Umbridae (mudminnows) and the Esocidae (pikes). +The Esocidae are named after the pike genus "Esox". One highly successful species is "Esox lucius" or northern pike. +The Esociform fishes live in freshwater, in North America and northern Eurasia. +The order is very similar to the Salmonidae. +Families. +Esocidae. +The family Esocidae has three extant genera ("Esox", "Novumbra", and "Dallia") that comprise a holarctic distribution. +Umbridae. +Umbridae is another family. So far, the genus "Umbra" is the only extant genus. The other genera have gone extinct. + += = = Matilda (name) = = = +Matilda (or Mathilda) is a female first name. The name comes from Gothic language. It also comes from the Old High German words "maht" (meaning "might" and "strength") and "hild" (meaning "battle). The pronunciation of the name is [ m"uh"-til-d"uh" ]. +The name has been popular in Scandinavian countries. "Mathilde" appeared in the Top 10 most popular names for girls in Denmark in 2008. "Mathilde" was also very popular in Norway, Sweden and Finland. The name has also risen in popularity in other European countries. +As "Matilda", the name was most popular in the United States between 1880 and 1910. During those years, it was in the Top 200 names for girls. It went out of the Top 1,000 names in the United States by 1964. However, it reappeared 44 years later in the Top 1,000 names. + += = = Bethany (given name) = = = +Bethany [beth-uh-nee]is a female first name. It comes from the Biblical place Bethany, the town where Lazarus lived in the New Testament.The origin of the name Bethany can be traced back to the Hebrew term bethania, which translates to "house of figs" or "house of affliction."In English speaking countries, Bethany has been very popular. It was the 59th most popular name for England and Wales in 2010. In 1999, it had gone as high as number 11. In the United States, the name was the 87th most popular in the late 1980s. This name is ranked #646 on the "Popular Names in 2021". +"Beth" is a short version of this name. "Beth" can also be a short version of the female name Elizabeth. + += = = Santiago, Cape Verde = = = +Santiago (Portuguese for “Saint James”), or Santiagu in Cape Verdean Creole, is the largest island of the Cape Verde archipelago. It is the most important agricultural centre and home to half the nation’s population. Praia, the capital of the country is in this island. +The Santiago island is part of the Macaronesia, a group of islands in the Atlantic Ocean with similar ecosystems. +History. +The island was discovered in around 1460 by António de Noli (or António da Noli), a 15th-century nobleman and navigator from Genoa that worked for Henry the Navigator of Portugal. De Noli founded in 1462 the old capital of the islands, Ribeira Grande, now known as Cidade Velha. +Population. + (last national census), there were 273,919 people living in the island, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km2. +The largest city of the island is Praia, its capital, with a population, in 2010, of 131,602. +Geography. +Santiago is in the southern "Sotavento" group of islands, at about to the west of the island of Maio and at about to the east of the island of Fogo. +The Santiago island has an area of ; it is long, north to south, and about wide, east to west. +The island is mountainous, although slightly flatter in the southeast. There are two volcanic mountain ranges: +There are two natural parks in the island to protect the plants and animals in the two mountain ranges: +Climate. +Praia, in the southeast coast, has a Tropical and Subtropical Desert climate (Köppen climate classification : Bwh). +The average temperature for the year in Praia is . The warmest month, on average, is August with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of . +The average amount of precipitation for the year in Praia is 8.3". The month with the most precipitation on average is August with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is March without any precipitation. There are an average of 49.0 days of precipitation, with the most precipitation occurring in September with 7.0 days and the least precipitation occurring in December with 2.0 days. +Administration. +The Santiago island is divided in 9 municipalities ("conselhos") and 10 parishes ("freguesias"). + += = = Jackson, Nebraska = = = +Jackson is a village in Dakota County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 207 at the 2020 census. +History. +Before Jackson was formed, the town Old St. John's was started about 1.5 miles north of where Jackson is on June 2nd, 1856 by a Catholic colony of sixty Irish immigrants led by Father Trecy. The colony was one of the first towns started in Dakota County, and the first group of Catholic people to start a town together in Nebraska. When the rising Missouri River started to make it dangerous to live there around 1860, all of the residents of Old St. John's moved south to what is now called Jackson. +Jackson was originally called Franklin, and was started with that name around 1860. The people who lived in there later found out that there was already a place in Nebraska that was called Franklin. To make things less confusing, they renamed the town after Andrew Jackson so nobody would get confused. St. Patrick's Catholic Church, which is in Jackson, is where the Nebraska State Historical Society put historical marker 34. The historical St. Patrick's Catholic church was built on land that was given to the church by the McCormick family around the time Jackson was started. +Location. +Jackson can be found at (42.448789, -96.566207). +The United States Census Bureau says that the village takes up about , of land. + += = = Hayride = = = +A hayride, which can also be called a hayrack ride, is an American activity where people go on a ride in an open truck, or wagon pulled by a tractor. Inside of the ride there is hay or straw for the people to sit on. Hayrides in the past were a way to celebrate the Autumn harvest. Hayrides today are usually started to give farms or companies a way to make more money during the fall. Sometimes hayrides are run by companies that help farms set up hayrides for people. +Haunted Hayrides. +Hayrides on Halloween are called 'haunted hayrides'. During the fall, a hayride might let people stop near some pumpkins and pick one. These hayrides can put on a show with special effects and actors dressing up as ghosts, monsters, and other spooky creatures. Haunted hayrides attract people who like to get scared, and make money for farms during the Halloween season. +Accidents. +Even though hayrides are supposed to be a way for people to have fun, they can also be dangerous. Some hayrides have flipped over or gone off-road, hurting or killing people. Other kinds of accidents happen when hayrides crash into cars or trucks on the road. + += = = Robert Graves = = = +Robert von Ranke Graves (also known as Robert Ranke Graves and most commonly Robert Graves; 24 July 1895 – 7 December 1985) was an English poet, novelist, critic and classicist. He wrote more than 140 works. He wrote poems about Greek myths and historical novels. Many of his novels were set in ancient Rome or were about stories from Greek myths. He also wrote about Greek myths and translated them into English. +Life. +Graves was born in Wimbledon, now part of London. He was the third of five children. His father was Alfred Perceval Graves (1846–1931). He came from an Irish family. His mother was Amalie von Ranke (1857–1951). She came from a German family. Robert went to many schools when he was young. In 1909 he won a scholarship to Charterhouse, a famous boarding school in Surrey.When the First World War began in August 1914, Graves joined the army right away. He wrote many poems about the war. He became a good friend of another war poet, Siegfried Sassoon. Graves was very badly wounded in the Battle of the Somme. He nearly died and was sent back to a hospital in England. He also had mental problems called by shell shock from the bad experience of battle. His mental problems lasted for several years. +In 1918 he married the artist Nancy Nicholson. He went to study at Oxford University in 1919. At Oxford his good friend was T. E. Lawrence. He later wrote a biography of Lawrence called "Lawrence and the Arabs". His marriage to Nancy Nicholson ended in the 1920s. He went to live with the poet Laura Riding in Spain They lived in Deià, a small village on the island of Majorca. Graves and Laura Riding lived in America during the Spanish Civil War. Their relationship broke down in 1938. Graves went back to England. He fell in love with Beryl Hodge (1915–2003). Graves wrote many beautiful love poems to Beryl. They moved to Spain in 1946 and lived in Deià with their children. They were married in 1950. Their house in Deià is now a museum. From 1961 to 1966 Graves was Professor of Poetry at Oxford. +Robert Graves died at his house in Deià on 7 December 1985. He was 90 years old. He was buried in a churchyard on a hill near his house. Graves had eight children—four with his first wife Nancy and four with his second wife Beryl. +Novels by Robert Graves. +Some of his most important novels were: + += = = Sushil Chhetri = = = +Sushil Chhetri () is a Nepalese actor who has worked in the Nepalese film industry for more than a decade. He debuted in Kollywood with the film ‘’Aaago’’ which received much hype and sensation. Unfortunately as the story based on the Maoist crisis it was banned before release. He is known for his movies Aago (2000), Gaajal (2001) and Anjuli (2002). Chhetri acted in 100s of Nepali movies and 11 Bhojpuri movies. Recently after a sort of disappearance from Nepali Film Industry, he came back with his new movie ‘’Bich Bato(2015)’’, before entering Kollywood as an actor he started his career as background dancer. +Education. +Chhetri completed his primary education from Tika High School, Kathmandu. He further completed I Com from Tahachal Campus and studied B Com till second year from Patan Campus. +Filmography and Awards. +Chhetri has been honoured with many prestigious awards from national and international organizations. He was one of the nominees for the categories of leading Actor in Dabur Anmol Motion Picture Award (2004) for the nepali movie ‘’’Triveni’’’. He was also honoured with the title ‘’’Best Actor’’’ in Kolkata for his first movie ‘’’Aago’’’ in Kalakar Awards. He received the award from Bollywood actress Rani Mukherjee. +Television. +Chhetri appeared in an Indian television series "The Ring" broadcasted on Star Plus. + += = = Anastasia of Sirmium = = = +Anastasia of Sirmium or Saint Anastasia was a Christian saint and martyr from the 4th century. She died at Sirmium in the Roman province of Pannonia Secunda. Today that place is in the modern country of Serbia. Little is known about her life. Most stories about her began many years after her death. Some stories say she was a Roman. Others say she was born in Sirmium. Roman Catholic tradition states that her mother was St. Fausta of Sirmium. She is as a healer and an exorcist. Her relics lie in the Cathedral of St. Anastasia in Zadar, Croatia. She is one of seven women, along with the Blessed Virgin Mary, who were mentioned by name in the Mass. +Her feast day is December 22 in the Eastern Orthodox Church church. It is January 15 in the Roman Catholic Church. + += = = Protacanthopterygii = = = +Procanthopterygii is a superorder of teleost fishes. These fish mostly live in temperate waters, and in the northern hemisphere. They may live in both fresh and salt water. +Best-known examples of this group are the salmon, trout, and pikes. +The main groups are: + += = = Hapsa Hatarnai = = = +Hapsa Hatarnai is a Bodo ceremony performed by an individual household in the company of his neighbours while entering a new house or a homestead. The principal domestic deities, such as, Bathou, Mainao together with other lesser divinities are worshipped with prayers and oblations. The ceremony is consummated with liberal drinking of country liquor called 'zou' or 'zu' followed by feast. + += = = Roggliswil = = = +Roggliswil is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. + += = = Schötz = = = +Schötz is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2013, the former municipality of Ohmstal merged into the municipality of Schötz. + += = = Heaven Help Us All = = = +"Heaven Help Us All" is a 1970 song by Stevie Wonder and taken from his 12th studio album "Signed, Sealed & Delivered". It went to number 9 in the United States, number 14 in Canada and number 29 in the United Kingdom. + += = = Babiker Awadalla = = = +Babiker Awadalla (2 March 1917 – 17 January 2019) was a Sudanese Arab nationalist politician. He was born in Gitena, White Nile State. +He held the position of Speaker of the Parliament from 1954 to 1957, and became Chief Judge in 1964. In 1966, he resigned from the court in protest of the government's refusal to reinstate the Sudanese Communist Party, which the court had held to be unconstitutionally banned from parliament. After 1972, he moved to Egypt, and later Dublin, Ireland, where he lived until his death. He turned 100 in March 2017. +Awadalla was the oldest living former head of state or government, a title he has held from the death of Đỗ Mười on 1 October 2018. Awadalla died on 17 January 2019 in Dublin, aged 101. + += = = Tom Hayden = = = +Thomas Emmet "Tom" Hayden (December 11, 1939 – October 23, 2016) was an American social and political activist, author and politician. He was director of the Peace and Justice Resource Center in Los Angeles County, California. He was a member of the Chicago Seven. +Hayden was best known for his major role as an anti-war, civil rights and radical intellectual counterculture activist. Hayden was the former husband of actress Jane Fonda and the father of actor Troy Garity. +Hayden died in Santa Monica, California from heart disease and from complications of a stroke on October 23, 2016, aged 76. + += = = Chung Won-shik = = = +Chung Won-shik (5 August 1928 – 12 April 2020) was a South Korean politician, educator, soldier, and author. He was the 23rd Prime Minister of South Korea from 1991 through 1992. From 1951 to 1955, he served as an officer in the South Korean Army. Following that, he worked as a professor of Seoul National University. He served as South Korea's Education Minister from 1988 through 1990. +President Roh Tae-woo named him Acting Prime Minister on 24 May 1991. On 8 July 1991, he was appointed Prime Minister of South Korea. He ran for mayor of Seoul in 1995, but lost. +Chung died on 12 April 2020 in Seoul of kidney disease at the age of 91. + += = = Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award = = = +The Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award is an award given "in recognition of distinguished members of the newspaper profession whose words have brought honour to journalism and to hockey". Recipients are selected by the Professional Hockey Writers' Association. + += = = Foster Hewitt Memorial Award = = = +The Foster Hewitt Memorial Award is an award named after Foster Hewitt and presented by the Hockey Hall of Fame to members of the radio and television industry who make outstanding contributions to their profession and the game of ice hockey during their broadcasting career. The award winners are selected by the NHL Broadcasters' Association. +This award should not be confused with the ACTRA Foster Hewitt Award, which was presented by ACTRA, the Canadian association of actors and broadcasters, for excellence in general sports broadcasting. That award was discontinued in 1986. + += = = Bob McKenzie = = = +Robert Malcomson "Bob" McKenzie (born August 16, 1956) is a Canadian hockey commentator who has covered ice hockey since joining TSN in 1986. +Growing up, McKenzie was a fan of the hometown Toronto Maple Leafs, and his favourite doughnut shop was Tim Hortons. +McKenzie provides analysis for "NHL on TSN" telecasts, as well as for international hockey events, notably the annual IIHF World U-20 Hockey Championship. He also covered the NHL Entry Draft. Prior to joining TSN, McKenzie was editor-in-chief of "The Hockey News" for nine years and a hockey columnist for "The Toronto Star" for six years. +McKenzie is heard weekly on the TSN 1040 in Vancouver on the "Canucks Lunch with Rick Ball", as well on TSN Radio 690 (CKGM) in Montreal, on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday on the Morning Show at 8:05 a.m. He is also a frequent contributor to the Ottawa Senators pre-game show on TSN 1200 radio in Ottawa. +On May 7, 2015, McKenzie surpassed 1,000,000 followers on Twitter. He goes by the Twitter handle @TSNBobMcKenzie and his account has been verified by Twitter. +In October 2014, McKenzie began appearing as a full-time contributor on NBCSN. +He currently resides in Whitby, Ontario. + += = = Elmer Ferguson = = = +Elmer Ferguson (February 25, 1885 – April 26, 1972) was a Canadian sports journalist. Born in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Ferguson moved to Montreal in 1910 and became the sports editor of the Montreal Herald in 1913. Ferguson was one of the most respected and promiant columnists of his time. He became a Hockey Hall of Fame media honouree in 1982 and was the namesake of the Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award. +Career. +At the age of six, Ferguson started selling newspapers on the streets of Moncton, New Brunswick and became a copy boy with the Moncton Transcript when he was 17. He soon became a sports writer with the paper and became the news editor in 1910. With Ferguson as editor, the Moncton Transcript became the first Maritime newspaper to print a full sports page every day. +Soon after, Ferguson left for Montreal where he got a job as an editor at the Montreal Herald. He became sports editor of the paper in 1913 and soon became a well known sports journalist with his column "The Gist and the Jest of It". He was sports editor for the paper for 39 years and continued to write columns until the Herald folded in 1957. He continued to write columns for The Montreal Star until a few months before his death in 1972. +In addition to his work in the print media, he was also a colour commentator on radio broadcasts for the Montreal Maroons (1933–1938) and the Montreal Canadiens (1938–1967), where he was partnered with Hall of Fame broadcasters Doug Smith and Danny Gallivan. +Ferguson was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame as a builder in 1968. In 1984, Ferguson was recognized as one of the first Hockey Hall of Fame media honourees. The award that is given out was named the Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award in his honour. + += = = Bad (Bodo culture) = = = +In the culture of the Bodo people, a bad (���) is a social crime or offense. There are five different types of bad: + += = = List of Garja gods = = = +In Bodo language 'garja' means 'god' or 'deity'. The garja are propitiated at a place which is away from home. + += = = Gil Vicente = = = +Gil Vicente (1470-1540) was a Portuguese poet and playwright. +Biography. +Gil Vicente was born in 1470 in the town of Guimarães. He came to Lisbon as a boy. He studied law but did not take any scholarly degree. In 1493 he was prince Manoel's teacher of rhetorics. Some of his poems were included into Cancioneiro Geral by Garcia de Resende. He wrote plays. He was an actor, too. He was married to Branca Bezerra and had four children. His daughter Paula was known a learned woman at the court. +Works. +Gil Vicente wrote poetry and plays. He wrote both in Portuguese and in Spanish. He is called the father of Portuguese drama. His works were translated into English by Aubrey F. G. Bell. Among his poems there are vilancetes, pastoral poems. A famous example is "Adorae montanhas". + += = = Ardèche (river) = = = +The Ardèche () is a long river in south-central France, a right-bank tributary of the River Rhône. The river gives its name to the French department of Ardèche. +Geography. +The Ardèche river has a length of and a drainage basin with an area of approximately . +Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is 64.8 cubic metres per second at Saint-Martin-d'Ardèche in the Gard department. +Course. +The Ardèche river starts in the Massif Central, within the "Parc naturel régional des Monts d'Ardèche" ("Regional nature park Mountains of Ardèche"), in the "commune" of Astet (Ardèche department), at an elevation of about . +It then flows roughly to the southwest and, after the towns of Aubenas and Ruoms, it gets into its famous gorge (or canyon) below Vallon-Pont-d’Arc. +The valley of the Ardèche is very scenic, in particular a section known as the Ardèche Gorges (or the Canyon of Ardèche). The walls of the river here are limestone cliffs up to high. A kayak and camping trip down the gorge is not technically difficult and is very popular in the summer. The most famous feature is a natural stone arch across the river known as the Pont d'Arc. +Finally, the river flows into the Rhône river, on the right side, near the "commune" Pont-Saint-Esprit, Gard department. +Communes. +The Ardèche passes through the following regions, departments and communes: +Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes +Occitanie +Main tributaries. +The main tributaries of the Ardeche river are: +Left tributaries: +Right tributaries: + += = = Stéphane Dion = = = +Stéphane Maurice Dion (born 28 September 1955) is a Canadian diplomat and former politician. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Cabinet headed by Justin Trudeau from 2015 to 2017. +He was a Member of Parliament of Canada for the riding of Saint-Laurent—Cartierville in Montreal since 1996. He was the leader of the Liberal Party of Canada and the Leader of the Opposition in the House of Commons of Canada from 2006 to 2008. +Since 2017 he has been ambassador to the European Union and Germany. + += = = Federica Mogherini = = = +Federica Mogherini (; born 16 June 1973) is an Italian politician. She is the High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice-President of the European Commission in the Juncker Commission since 1 November 2014. + += = = Fumio Kishida = = = + is a Japanese politician. Kishida is the Prime Minister of Japan since 4 October 2021. In September 2021, he was elected President of the conservative Liberal Democratic Party. He was Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan from 2012 to 2017 during the Shinzo Abe government. Kishida was elected to the House of Representatives in 1993. +Early life. +Kishida was born in Shibuya, Tokyo on 29 July 1957. He spent his early years in New York City. +Kishida studied law at Waseda University and graduated in 1982. +Political career. +He is a member of the House of Representatives for the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) since 1993. He served in Yasuo Fukuda's cabinet as minister of state for Okinawa and northern territories affairs, science and technology policy, quality-of-life policy, and regulatory Reform. He became the longest-serving foreign minister in postwar history, unseating Abe's father Shintaro Abe. In 2017, for a short time he was the Minister of Defense. +Leadership campaigns. +Kishida thought about running in the 2018 LDP presidential election; but Prime Minister Shinzo Abe talked him into not to run and promised to support him as his replacement in the future. He ran in the 2020 LDP presidential election; however lost to Yoshihide Suga who was very popular among LDP politicians. +Prime Minister. +In August 2020, he announced his candidacy for the Liberal Democratic leadership election to replace Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. He lost the election on 14 September to Yoshihide Suga, coming in second place. In August 2021, he announced his candidacy for the Liberal Democratic leadership again in the 2021 election. He won the leadership election on 29 September 2021. +Kishida officially became the 100th Prime Minister on 4 October 2021 after being elected by the National Diet. He set the date of the 2021 election for 31 October shortly before taking office. During the general election, the Liberal Democratic party lost fifteen seats in the House of Representatives; however still won the majority of seats. +Personal life. +Kishida is married to Yuko Kishida and has two children. + += = = Paolo Gentiloni = = = +Paolo Gentiloni Silveri (; born 22 November 1954 in Rome) is an Italian politician. He became the Prime Minister of Italy in December 2016 after the resignation of Matteo Renzi. He served until 1 June 2018. +He is a member of the Democratic Party. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 31 October 2014 through 12 December 2016. He was also Minister of Communications during the government of Romano Prodi. + += = = Lenín Moreno = = = +Lenín Boltaire Moreno Garcés (born 19 March 1953) is an Ecuadorian politician. Moreno was the 46th President of Ecuador from 2017 until 2021. He was the Vice President of Ecuador from 2007 to 2013, serving under President Rafael Correa. His election as Vice President was well known because as a paraplegic, Moreno was one of the world’s few disabled national leaders. +On 2 April 2017, Moreno was elected President of Ecuador defeating banker Guillermo Lasso in the 2017 Ecuadorian presidential round-off with 51% of the vote to Lasso's 49%. +On 24 May 2017, Moreno became the world’s only current head of state in a wheelchair. +Early life. +Moreno was born in Nuevo Rocafuerte, Orellana Province. He studied at Central University of Ecuador. He married Rocio Gonzalez and together they have three children. +Shooting. +On January 3, 1998, two young men approached Moreno in a grocery store parking lot in Quito and told him they wanted his car and his money. He freely gave them his wallet and keys, but one of the men shot him in the back anyway. This incident left Moreno paralyzed. +Vice presidency (2007–2013). +During his first year in the office of Vice President of Ecuador, Moreno investigated the state of disabled people in Ecuador. He also founded the Manuela Espejo Solidarity Mission for the Disabled, which offers rehab, technical help, and psychological support to thousands of disabled Ecuadorians. +Moreno left the Vice Presidency on May 24, 2013 and was succeeded by Jorge Glas. He is the first Ecuadorian vice president to complete his term since 1992. +Honors. +For his work providing respect and dignity to handicapped people, he was nominated for the 2012 Nobel Peace Prize. Moreno was appointed as Special Envoy on Disability and Accessibility by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon in December 2013. +President of Ecuador. +2017 Presidential campaign. +In October 1st, 2016, he was nominated to the elections to the Ecuadorian presidency by his party, Alianza País. In February 2017, Moreno and Guillermo Lasso made it to the run-off election which was held on April 2, 2017. Moreno won the election with 51% of the vote to Lasso's 49%. Moreno was then sworn-in as President of Ecuador on 24 May 2017 in Quito. +Presidency. +Though Moreno is a member of the PAIS Alliance, the same party as Rafael Correa, Moreno has taken Ecuador in a different direction than Correa did. Moreno is a more moderate, centrist figure and has restored presidential term limits, improved Ecuador's ties with the United States, and he has distanced himself from Nicolas Maduro's government in Venezuela. +He did not run for re-election in the 2021 election and was replaced by conservative banker Guillermo Lasso who won the election. + += = = Rafto Prize = = = +The Thorolf Rafto Memorial Prize is a prize founded in the memory of the Norwegian human rights activist, Thorolf Rafto (1922-1986). The prize is now $20,000. It began in 1987 and is awarded each year. The prize ceremony takes place on the first Sunday of November in Bergen, Norway at the National Theatre of Bergen. +Past winners. +The first person to receive the prize was Jiří Hájek (1913–1993), a Czech politician and diplomat. He was one of the founders of Charter 77, an organization that worked for human rights in Czechoslovakia. Some other winners of the Rafto Prize are: + += = = Hagramayao Jinahari = = = +Hagramayao Jinahari, also known as "Rape in The Virgin Forest", is a 1995 Indian crime movie directed by Jwngdao Bodosa. It received many awards. The movie is in the Bodo language. The Bodo language is spoken by the Bodo people of India. It is one of the official languages of the Indian state of Assam. The movie starred Tikendrajit Narzary as Budang and Onjali Basumatary as Budang's daughter Mithinga. + += = = Battle of Kororāreka = = = +The Battle of Kororāreka was a battle in New Zealand between Maori warriors and the British Army. It took place on 11 March 1845 in the small town of Kororāreka. Today that town is called Russell. The town is on the North Island of New Zealand. The Māori were unhappy with the problems in the town. They cut down the flag pole flying the British flag. Each time the Maori cut down the flag pole, the British Army made a new one. This happened three times. When the British Army put the flag pole back a fourth time, the Māori attacked the town. Hōne Heke and Te Ruki Kawiti were the leaders of the Māori. William Hulme was the leader of the British soldiers. The Maori had many more fighters than the British. There were 600 Māori warriors and only 140 British soldiers. The Māori won the battle. The town was destroyed in the fighting. The British Army left the town. The British citizens living there also left. British and American ships waiting in the harbour took them to Auckland. + += = = Alayaron (movie) = = = +Alayaron (English: "The Dawn") is one of the first Bodo feature movies. It was released in 13 March 1986 at Ganga Talkies, Kokrajhar. It was directed by Jwngdao Bodosa, based upon the short story Mwdwi arw Gwlwmdwi (Tears and Sweat) by Nilkamal Brahma. The movie stars Amar Narzary and Rohila Brahma. It was also the winner of the National Film Award in 1986. +Based on. +Mwdwi arw Gwlwmdwi + += = = Circinus galaxy = = = +The Circinus galaxy (ESO 97-G13) is a Seyfert galaxy, very bright and emitting huge amounts of electromagnetic radiation. +Circinus is in a constellation of the same name, Circinus (constellation). It is one of the closest and nearest galaxies to the Milky Way. It is probably slightly further away than Centaurus A. +The galaxy just 4 degrees below the galactic plane and 13 million light years from our galaxy. Its outer ring is 700 light years from the galaxy's centre, and the inner ring just 130 light years from the centre. You can see the galaxy with a small telescope. +The galaxy was not noticed until 1977 because it lies close to the plane of the Milky Way and is obscured by galactic dust. + += = = Seyfert galaxy = = = +Seyfert galaxies are a type of galaxy. They are named after Carl Seyfert who first described them in 1943. +These galaxies are one of the two main types of active galaxies. The other large group are quasars. Seyfert galaxies have quasar-like nuclei: they are very distant luminous sources of electromagnetic radiation. Their very high surface brightness has spectra with strong, high-ionisation emission lines. However, unlike quasars, their host galaxies are clearly visible. +Seyfert galaxies are about 10% of all galaxies, and are some of the most intensely studied objects in astronomy. They are thought to be powered by the same phenomena as quasars, although they are closer and less luminous than quasars. These galaxies have supermassive black holes at their centers which are surrounded by accretion discs of in-falling material. The accretion discs are believed to be the source of the observed ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet emission lines and absorption lines are the best way to analyse the surrounding material. +Seen in visible light, most Seyfert galaxies look like normal spiral galaxies. However, when studied under other wavelengths, it becomes clear that the luminosity of their cores is as big as the luminosity of whole galaxies the size of the Milky Way. +Examples. +Here are some notable examples of Seyfert galaxies: + += = = Relativistic jet = = = +Relativistic jets are very powerful jets of plasma with speeds close to the speed of light. They are emitted by the central black holes of some active galaxies (notably radio galaxies and quasars), and by the black holes of massive stars and neutron stars. Their lengths can reach several thousand or even hundreds of thousands of light years. +If the jet speed is close to the speed of light, the effects of the special theory of relativity are significant. The mechanics behind how jets are created, and what they are made of, are still a matter of debate. Jet composition might vary. +Massive galactic central black holes have the most powerful jets. Similar jets on a much smaller scale develop from neutron stars and black holes in other stars. Even weaker and less relativistic jets may be associated with many binary star systems. +The general hypothesis among astrophysicists is that the formation of relativistic jets is the key to explaining the production of gamma-ray bursts. These jets have Lorentz factors of ~100 or greater (that is, speeds over roughly 0.99995c), making them some of the fastest celestial objects known at present. + += = = I Zw 36 = = = +I Zwicky 36 (often shortened to I Zw 36) is a blue compact dwarf galaxy, meaning that it is small for a galaxy, that its stars are close together and that it gives off blue light. The stars in I Zwicky 36 are young for stars, no older than three million years. +Recent observations. +Astronomers studied I Zw 36 (≈Z⊙/14) using the Hubble Space Telescope. Before that, they took pictures using ultraviolet light using the pre-COST Faint Object Camera (FOC) and Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS). FOC seemed to show that I Zw 36 had large, hot stars but NICMOS said it had cold stars that were small or medium sized. Some evidence shows the stars were active and then the galaxy became compact and blue. The evidence of luminous and asymptotic branches of stars suggests they formed several million years ago. The giant red branches of the galaxy may have at least 1-2 billion years. + += = = Cadmium nitrate = = = +Cadmium nitrate is an inorganic compound. The general formula of the compound is Cd(NO3)2. +Uses. +Cadmium nitrate is used for colouring glass and porcelain. It is also used as flash powder in photography. +Preparation. +Cadmium nitrate is prepared by dissolving cadmium or its oxide or its hydroxide, or its carbonate, in nitric acid followed by crystallization method: + += = = Palladium(II) nitrate = = = +Palladium(II) nitrate is the inorganic compound with the formula Pd(NO3)2. It is a red-brown solid with a tendency to absorb water. +Preparation. +Palladium nitrate may be prepared by dissolving palladium oxide hydrate in dilute nitric acid, followed by crystallization. The nitrate crystallizes as yellow-brown deliquescent prisms. The compound also may be got by treating palladium metal with nitric acid. + += = = Yuriko Koike = = = +Yuriko Koike (born 15 July 1952) is a Japanese politician and the current governor of Tokyo. +She was born and raised in Ashiya, Hyōgo Prefecture. She dropped out of University in Japan, who moved to the Middle East and studied Arabic. She graduated from Cairo University in Egypt, and she began to work an interpreter and translator of Arabic. She worked as a journalist in the 1980s and entered politics in the 1990s. + += = = Americium dioxide = = = +Americium dioxide is a black compound made with Americium. As a solid, AmO2 has the same structure as fluorite (CaF2). +Uses. +Americium-Aluminium alloys are made when americium dioxide is melted and mixed with aluminium and a fluxing agent. These alloys can be used to make atoms of some elements. These elements have a higher atomic number than Uranium. + += = = Phoenix Dwarf = = = +The Phoenix Dwarf is a galaxy discovered as a mistaken globular cluster. It's correctly 1.14 Mly away the Earth +Characteristics-special features. +It has got some young stars inside it in east-west direction and the oldest are in north south direction. It seems that it's one of the Milky Way's satellite galaxies. + += = = Iggy Arbuckle = = = +Iggy Arbuckle is an American/Canadian animated show created by Guy Vasilovich and produced by Blueprint Entertainment, National Geographic Kids' Entertainment, C.O.R.E. Toons and Cartoon Network and serviced by Cartoon Network. The show was debuted in July 21, 2007. + += = = CJ the DJ = = = +CJ the DJ is a Canadian-Australian animated series that ran on YTV in Canada and ABC3 in Australia from December 4, 2009 to 2010. Its program creator was Mark Gravas. +Multimedia. +DVD releases. +On 1 July 2010, the Australian Broadcasting Company released the first DVD of "CJ The DJ", featuring the first eight episodes. +Digital downloads. +CJ the DJ Series 1 Volumes 1 (Episodes 1 - 26) and 2 (Episodes 27 - 52) are available for download at the NBC Online Store. +NBC iView. +CJ the DJ was released on NBC iView for public viewing, though each episode was only available for viewing over a limited amount of time. +International broadcast. +Brazil: Gloob +Israel: Arutz HaYeladim (�� �'�� ��� �'��) +Denmark: TV2 +Finland: MTV Juniori +Portugal: RTP2 + += = = Parabolic trough = = = +A parabolic trough is similar to a solar panel tower, because it has parabolic mirrors that collect large amounts of heat which is reflected on water-filled pipes . +The water is heated until it turns into steam, rotating a turbine using a large steam piston. +The rotating turbine produces electricity, which is then transferred by transformer, before being converted DC to AC and transferred by current lines. + += = = I Zwicky 18 = = = +The I Zwicky 18 is an irregular dwarf galaxy. It is 45 million years light from Earth in the constellation of the Ursa Major. It was identified by first time in the 1930s by the astronomer Fritz Zwicky. +A young galaxy. +I Zwicky 18, only 500 million years of age, is a recently born galaxy compared with most. It is still making population III stars, almost entirely made of hydrogen and helium. The Milky Way is about 12,000 million years old. + += = = Ufhusen = = = +Ufhusen is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. + += = = Wauwil = = = +Wauwil is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. + += = = Wikon = = = +Wikon is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. + += = = Willisau = = = +Willisau is a town of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. +History. +On 1 January 2006, the former municipalities of Willisau Land (W. Country) and Willisau Stadt (W. Town) merged into the new town of Willisau. On 1 January 2021, Gettnau became a part of Willisau. + += = = Zell, Lucerne = = = +Zell is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. + += = = Wilihof = = = +Wilihof is a village and former municipality of the district of Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2005 the former municipalities of Wilihof and Kulmerau merged into the municipality of Triengen. + += = = Schinznach = = = +Schinznach is a municipality of the district Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Oberflachs and Schinznach-Dorf merged into the new municipality of Schinznach. + += = = Border states (American Civil War) = = = +The Border states were those states that during the American Civil War did not leave the Union. The border states were Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri. After West Virginia separated from Virginia, it was also considered a border state. Most border states had strong ties to the South culturally, but they had economic ties to the North. While remaining loyal to the Union, the Border States were themselves slave-holding states. +In the Border States the war caused divided loyalties. They were the scene of often brutal guerilla warfare where neighbor fought against neighbor. The bitter feelings in the Border States lasted long after the Civil war. +Background. +In the border states, slavery was already dying out in urban areas and the regions without cotton. Several cities were rapidly industrializing, including Baltimore, Louisville, and St. Louis. By 1860, most of the African Americans in Delaware were free. By the start of the Civil War, slave ownership in the south had become concentrated into fewer and fewer hands. In 1830, 36% of Southern families owned slaves. By 1860, the number had fallen to 25%. In the Upper South it had fallen even more. In 1830, slaves made up 18% of the population. In 1860, they made up only 10%. During the same period in Kentucky, it fell from 24% to 19%. In Maryland, it went from 23% to 13%. Some slaveholders made a profit by selling surplus slaves to traders to be resold in the slave markets in the Deep South. They needed field hands for the cotton plantations. +In the South, slavery had become less and less useful to farmers as tobacco prices began to fall after the American Revolutionary War. But in 1793, Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. This made Southern grown cotton highly profitable. Cotton also required large numbers of slaves. Most Southerners, however, did not own slaves. But by 1860 cotton and slavery was the strong link in the Southern economy. Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri, which had many areas with much stronger cultural and economic ties to the South than the North, were deeply divided. +The five border states. +Each of these five states shared a border with Union states. All but Delaware also share borders with states that joined the Confederate States of America (CSA). +West Virginia. +In October 1859 John Brown's raid on the Harpers Ferry Armory in what is now Harpers Ferry, West Virginia (at the time part of the state of Virginia) sent shock waves through the South. Although Brown was quickly captured and executed, the incident had a profound effect on the 1860 presidential election. When Abraham Lincoln won over three Democratic Party candidates, it triggered Southern secession. At the outbreak of the Civil War, the 40 western counties of Virginia were strongly against secession and they seceded from Virginia. The counties that later became West Virginia had relatively few slaves. +Delaware. +By 1860 Delaware was tied to the Northern economy and slavery was rare except in the southern parts of the state. Overall, 91.7% of the black population of Delaware was free by this time. Both houses of the state General Assembly rejected secession. Delaware's lower house was unanimous in rejecting the idea. The state senate voted against secession five to three. Many of the state's politicians including the governor, their two U.S. Senators and their sole representative in Congress, were sympathetic towards the South. But the state legislature better represented the feelings of the people of the state in remaining with the Union. However, they also disapproved of forceful abolitionism. Generally, most people in the state wanted a compromise that would prevent a war between the North and South. +Maryland. +Maryland found itself trapped by the war. The state was split. They were clearly tied economically to the North but culturally to the South. By 1860, 49.1% of Maryland's black population was free. But Maryland's Southern and Eastern counties had a history of over 200 years of using slaves in growing tobacco and other crops. This put them in a difficult position. Their politicians had worked hard to prevent government from interfering with slavery in their counties. In the 1860 presidential election, Lincoln did not receive a single vote from these counties. This was in spite of the fact that Lincoln promised not to interfere with slavery in the states where it already existed. But the Maryland legislature never considered a resolution to secede from the Union. The governor suggested calling a convention to consider secession, but the legislature ignored his request. +On April 19, 1861, Union troops moving through Baltimore were attacked by angry mobs of Southern sympathizers. It left 14 people dead and lasted for three days. Many rushed to the outskirts of Baltimore to set up roadblocks to try to prevent Union troops from passing through the city. The riots and protests might have led to secession had they been organized. But Union troops moving to Washington, D.C. were quickly changed to being transported by water to avoid the tense situation in Baltimore. Throughout the winter and spring of 1861, Maryland decided against neutrality and against joining the Confederacy. But in May of 1861, acting without orders, General Benjamin Franklin Butler marched into Baltimore. He occupied Federal Hill and set up cannons threatening anyone who would move against them. Lincoln was furious and promptly relieved Butler of his command. Still, the Massachusetts troops were left on Federal Hill. To prevent further trouble Lincoln suspended "habeas corpus" and imprisoned without charges or trials one sitting U.S. congressman as well the mayor, police chief, entire Board of Police, and the city council of Baltimore. +Chief Justice Roger Taney, acting only as a circuit judge, ruled on June 4, 1861, in "Ex parte Merryman" that Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus was unconstitutional, but the president ignored the ruling in order to meet a national emergency. On September 17, 1861, the day the legislature reconvened, federal troops arrested without charge 27 state legislators (one-third of the Maryland General Assembly). They were held temporarily at Fort McHenry, and later released when Maryland was secured for the Union. Because a large part of the legislature was now imprisoned, the session was canceled and representatives did not consider any additional anti-war measures. The song "Maryland, My Maryland" was written to attack Lincoln's action in blocking pro-Confederate elements. Maryland contributed troops to both the Union (60,000) and the Confederate (25,000) armies. During the war, Maryland adopted a new state constitution in 1864 that prohibited slavery. It also freed all remaining slaves in the state. +Kentucky. +Kentucky was strategic to Union victory in the Civil War. Lincoln once said, +"I think to lose Kentucky is nearly the same as to lose the whole game. Kentucky gone, we cannot hold Missouri, nor Maryland. These all against us, and the job on our hands is too large for us. We would as well consent to separation at once, including the surrender of this capitol [Washington, which was surrounded by slave states: Confederate Virginia and Union-controlled Maryland." +Lincoln reportedly also declared, "I hope to have God on my side, but I must have Kentucky." In the spring of 1861, Kentucky Governor Beriah Magoffin along with the state legislature declared the state would remain neutral. They would not provide troops to either the Union or the Confederacy. At the same time the declaration offered to mediate a peace between the two sides. +Neutrality was broken when Confederate General Leonidas Polk occupied Columbus, Kentucky, in the summer of 1861. This caused Kentucky to call for Northern aid to repel the Confederate invaders. Union General Ulysses S. Grant, who was waiting across the Ohio River in Illinois, moved to occupy Paducah and Southland, Kentucky. Polk's blunder cost the Confederacy any chance of getting Kentucky to join them. The occupied areas gave the Union a tremendous advantage in both Kentucky and Tennessee. During the war, about 35,000 men from Kentucky joined the Confederacy. Those who joined the Union army totaled about 74,000, including about 24,000 African Americans. +Missouri. +Missouri had been involved in fighting on the Kansas-Missouri border since 1854 over the issue of slavery. The dispute was aptly named Bleeding Kansas. When the Civil War began on April 12, 1861, the entire state of Missouri was firmly divided between pro-Confederate and pro-Union forces. The governor of Missouri, Claiborne Jackson refused to send volunteers from the state to fight for Abraham Lincoln when he called for troops. Instead, the governor had the state militia muster outside the city to begin training in preparation to join the Confederate forces. He called upon the legislature to authorize a state constitutional convention on secession. A special election approved of the convention, and sent delegates to it. This Missouri Constitutional Convention voted to remain within the Union. +Jackson, who was pro-Confederate, was disappointed with the outcome. He called up the state militia to their districts for annual training. Jackson had designs on the St. Louis Arsenal, and had been in secret correspondence with Confederate President Jefferson Davis to obtain artillery for the militia in St. Louis. Aware of these developments, Union Captain Nathaniel Lyon struck first, encircling the camp, and forcing the state militia to surrender. While his troops were marching the prisoners to the arsenal, a deadly riot erupted (the Camp Jackson Affair). This caused greater Confederate support in the state. The already pro-Southern legislature passed the governor's military bill creating the Missouri State Guard. Governor Jackson appointed Sterling Price, who had been president of the convention, as major general of this reformed militia. Price, and Union district commander Harney, came to an agreement known as the Price–Harney Truce, which calmed tensions in the state for several weeks. After Harney was removed, and Lyon placed in charge, a meeting was held in St. Louis at the Planters' House among Lyon, his political ally Francis P. Blair, Jr., Price, and Jackson. The negotiations went nowhere. After a few fruitless hours, Lyon declared, "this means war!" Price and Jackson rapidly departed for the capital. +Lyon quickly moved his army to attack the pro-confederate forces at Jefferson City, Missouri, the state capital. He moved quickly enough to catch them unprepared. On June 15, Lyon's small Union army occupied Jefferson City. Lyon installed a pro-Union government after Jackson and most of his militia retreated to the southwest corner of Missouri. Lyon moved his army to go after the rebels. On June 17, both sides fought the Battle of Boonville which lasted only about 30 minutes. The Union forces completely routed the pro-confederates. He then lead his troops into a series of skirmishes with the Missouri State Guard and the Confederate Army. +Lyon next moved to Springfield, Missouri where the army camped. On August 10, Lyon's Army of the West was defeated by a combined force of the Missouri Militia and Confederate troops under the command of Benjamin McCulloch near Springfield, Missouri. This was called the Battle of Wilson's Creek. Lyon was killed while trying to rally his outnumbered soldiers. However, Lyon’s efforts prevented the State of Missouri from joining the Confederacy. Missouri abolished slavery during the war in January 1865. + += = = The ZhuZhus = = = +The ZhuZhus (originally titled Polly and the Zhu Zhu Pets) is a Canadian/American animated television series produced by Nelvana, and the YTV. The series aired in the United States on Disney Channel on September 12, 2016. +Premise. +"The ZhuZhus" is about a young girl named Frankie Pamplemousse, her mom and dad, and her four talking hamsters: Pipsqueak, Mr. Squiggles, Num Nums, and Chunk. The group of five go on adventures in their town, Anytown. +Episodes. +Zhu's News (2017). +A webseries called "Zhu's News" was released to YTV's YouTube channel starting July 17, 2017. Each episode stars Whendy Sails of Channel 5 recapping moments in the series. + += = = William Dampier = = = +William Dampier (baptised 5 September 1651; died March 1715) was the first Englishman to explore parts of Australia. He was the first person to circumnavigate the world three times. On one voyage he rescued Alexander Selkirk, a sailor who may have inspired Daniel Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe". + += = = Alto Paraná Department = = = +The Alto Paraná department () is a department of Paraguay. The capital is the city of Ciudad del Este. +Its code is PY-10. +Geography. +The Alto Paraná department is in the central eastern part of the country, in the east of the "Oriental" region. It has an area of , with a population of 785,747 for a Population density of . +Rivers. +The main river in the department is the Paraná river. The Acaray is an important tributary of the Paraná. +Climate. +Ciudad del Este, the capital of the department, has a humid subtropical climate that is mild with no dry season, constantly moist (year-round rainfall). (Köppen climate classification : Cfa). +The average amount of rainfall for the year in the city is . The month with the most precipitation on average is January with of rainfall, followed by October with . +The month with the least rainfall on average is July with an average of and the second is August with . +Ciudad del Este is in a warm region; the average temperature for the year is . The warmest month, on average, is January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is June, with an average temperature of . +Districts. +The department is divided in 22 districts: + += = = Blown Away = = = +Blown Away is the fourth studio album by Carrie Underwood. The album was released on May 1, 2012 through Arista Nashville. + += = = Tropical Storm Gamma (2005) = = = +Tropical Storm Gamma was the twenty-fourth named storm of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. Gamma formed in the eastern Caribbean Sea but quickly died a few days later from wind shear. On November 18, it restrengthened and became a tropical storm for a few more days before dying off the coast of Honduras on November 20. Although Gamma never made any landfall, it caused minor damages in the Lesser Antilles and medium damages in Honduras. +Storm history. +The National Hurricane Center began monitoring a tropical wave that would later become Gamma around November 11, but the system did not develop into a tropical depression until after it had passed the Lesser Antilles on November 13. At that time, the storm was called Tropical Depression Twenty-Seven and was predicted to strengthen into a strong tropical storm or a weak hurricane as it moved across the Caribbean Sea. However, a second system developing in the southwestern edge of the Caribbean began pushing wind shear onto the depression on November 14, then weakening the depression into a tropical low; advisories were then temporarily stopped. On later reanalysis, it was found that the depression had probably become a tropical storm by November 15 at 0600 UTC for less than 6 hours, but was not named during the time. +As the remnants of Twenty-Seven moved west, the system in the southwestern Caribbean moved onto land in Nicaragua and quickly weakened, reducing wind shear on the remnant low. Near Honduras, the two systems combined and rapidly gained the characteristics of a tropical cyclone on November 18, when it was upgraded directly to a tropical storm and given the name "Gamma". It is clearly unknown whether the remnant low of Gamma absorbed the low pressure system or happened the other way, but forecasters at the National Hurricane Center though that it was more likely that Gamma absorbed the other system. (If it were determined to be the other way around, the previously mentioned Tropical Storm Twenty-Seven would have been a separate and unnamed tropical storm.) +Gamma strengthened a little bit more to reach its maximum strength of 50 mph (85 km/h) winds during that day, but a trough moving into the Gulf of Mexico stopped any more strengthening. Gamma stayed just north of the coast of Honduras for about a day, then weakened to a tropical depression as it was beginning to be absorbed into the front as it entered the Caribbean. On November 20, wind shear had destroyed Gamma and advisories were stopped, although the low level circulation of Gamma survived for an extra 36–48 hours. Later, the last remnants of Gamma were absorbed into the approaching front. Gamma never made landfall as a tropical storm. +Preparations. +Because the storm was not predicted to make landfall (and it did not), few preparations were taken in Honduras for the storm. But non-stop rainfall for more than a day as Gamma wandered offshore created floods that forced more than 23,000 people to leave their homes. +Impact. +Death toll. +As of January 24, 2006, a total of forty-one people were reported dead (while thirty-seven killed directly) as a result of Tropical Storm Gamma, mostly in Honduras, with 13 missing in Honduras. +Honduras. +Thirty-four people died in Honduras with at least thirteen other people missing. All deaths were because of flooding and mudslides rather than wind damage since tropical storm-force winds did not affect the mainland. +According to the COCEP (the Honduran civil emergency committee) dozens of bridges were washed away and about 2,000 homes were destroyed. According to the NHC, 10 bridges were destroyed from flooding, and 7 were damaged. And 5,200 acres worth of banana crops were also destroyed, causing $13-18 million (2005 USD) in damage. In addition, an unofficial report of 4.44 inches of rain was reported on Roatan Island. +Belize. +Five fishermen who were at sea during Tropical Storm Gamma have been reported missing and, as of November 25, were thought to be dead after five unidentified bodies were found on the Honduran coast. Three people were killed in a plane crash from Gamma's outer rain bands; it was thought that the weather was a part of the reason. Other effects to Belize were minimal. +Caribbean islands. +Two people were killed by a mudslide in St. Vincent and the Grenadines from Tropical Depression Twenty-Seven (which would eventually become Tropical Storm Gamma) when the system came close to the island. Seven homes were also destroyed by flood waters in the area and others were damaged. +Other effects across the rest of the Lesser Antilles were minimal and were no worse than that of a normal rain event. Also, two fishermen who were reported dead in Jamaica were thought to have been killed by Gamma. +Aftermath and retirement. +After Gamma slowly moved away from land, Honduran government officials carried out helicopter rescues for people and families trapped by flood waters, as UN agencies began airlifting food and water to the impacted areas. +The government of Andalucía, in Spain, donated 40 million lempiras to aid in disaster efforts, and the United States sent helicopters to help in the delivery of food to the people affected by the storm. +Because damage was minimal, Gamma was not retired and will be used again whenever the regular list of names is all used up in the future. +Naming and records. +After all of the twenty one assigned hurricane names for the 2005 season were used up after Hurricane Wilma, the Greek alphabet was used, starting with Tropical Storm Alpha. This storm was named "Gamma" once it was known to have reached tropical storm strength (after it restrengthened). This was the first time that the name Gamma had been used for a tropical cyclone. +Because Gamma was the only twenty-fourth tropical storm to form in any single Atlantic hurricane season, Gamma also holds the record for being the earliest twenty-fourth tropical storm, reaching tropical storm strength on November 18. Gamma also extended the 2005 season's record for tropical storms to twenty-four, which was also enlarged four more times and ended at twenty-eight storms after Tropical Storm Zeta and a post-season addition of an unnamed subtropical storm which went originally unnoticed in October. Also, Gamma tied the record set during the 1992 Pacific hurricane season for most storms in a single basin monitored by NOAA. + += = = Kherai Puja = = = +Kherai Puja is the most important religious festival of the Bodo people. They perform this puja on some specific occasions. +Description. +The Kherai Puja is of four kinds. +Darshan Kherai. +The Darshan Kherai (������� �����) is performed during the first week of the month of 'Kati' or 'Kartik'. It celebrates the goddess of wealth and welfare, so it is also called as the 'Lwkhi Kherai'. +Umrao Kherai. +The Umrao Kherai (����� �����) is held during the month of 'Ashara' at the end of the 'Amthi Sua' (the unclean period) for the welfare of the villagers as well as of the crops. This Kherai is also known as the 'Ashu Kherai'. +Phalo Kherai. +The Phalo Kherai (���� �����) is also known as the "Danshrang Kherai" as it is performed during the full moon at the month. +Nowani Kherai. +The Nowani Kherai (�'�� �����) is performed by the family when it deems necessary. The Bodo people who believe in the traditional practice rely on the Kherai Puja and the Garja Puja for their welfare at all times. + += = = Ausserferrera = = = +Ausserferrera () is a village and former municipality in the district of Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2008 the former municipalities of Ausserferrera and Innerferrera merged into the new municipality of Ferrera. + += = = Partial fraction decomposition = = = +Partial fraction decomposition is taking a big algebra fraction and splitting it into a bunch of smaller fractions that are added together. Partial fractions are used to get the antiderivatives of algebra fractions. +In math writing, we're turning this: +formula_1 +Into this: +formula_2 +The denominators of all these fractions are factors of g(x). + += = = Pygmy slow loris = = = +The pygmy slow loris ("Nycticebus pygmaeus") is a species of slow loris. It is a small nocturnal primate with large eyes. It lives in thick forest and bamboo groves. They are found in Vietnam, Laos, China, Thailand, and parts of Cambodia. Because their habitat is reduced, their status is "vulnerable". +Life style. +They have small hands and feet, but an extraordinarily strong grasp. They can hang from branches as they catch their food. Their large eyes help them find their food. +Their diet consists of insects and soft fruit. They eat gum from trees and this may help them survive food shortages. +With their small size they weigh between 0.8 to 1 pound in adulthood. Usually once a male has reached maturity, they become territorial and do not tolerate other males. This is why their social life is described as solitary, although they are known to be able to live among females of their species. In captivity the lifespan of the pygmy slow loris may be 20 years. +They produce offspring every 12 to 18 months. The females have gestational periods of about 188 days and have small litters of one or two babies. This species does not share parenting. The offspring stay with their mothers until they reach maturity. +Survival. +When the loris feels threatened it has a defense mechanism. It gives off a bad odor. If a predator is not scared away by the smell they produce some kind of toxic secretion from their elbows. If they bite the predator, the poison is passed on. +Despite conservation efforts, they are captured and sold for pets in markets in Vietnam. They have a very cuddly appearance but in no way are suitable to be pets. + += = = Punta La Marmora = = = +Punta La Marmora () is a mountain in the Gennargentu range, Sardinia (Italy). +Name. +The mountain is named after Alberto della Marmora, an Italian geographer and naturalist who described the island in two works: "Voyage en Sardaigne" (1826) and "Itinéraire de l'île de Sardaigne" (1860). +The name of the mountain, in the Sardinian language, was "Perdas Carpìas", which means "split stones" because of its rocks of schist which tend to break into pieces. +Geography. +The Punta La Marmorea is in the communes of Desulo and Arzana (province of Nuoro), in the "Barbagia" mountain area of inner Sardinia. With its summit at an elevation of , it is the highest peak on the Sardinia island. +Near Punta La Marmorea, there are other high mountains as "Bruncu Spina" that, with an elevation of , is the second highest point of Sardinia. They are part of the Gennargentu National Park. +The mountain is formed by metamorphic rocks, mainly shales, from Paleozoic era. +Punta La Marmora is just east of the approximate centre of Sardinia. On a clear day, it is possible to view from the top over a large part of Sardinia and the mountains of southern Corsica. +Climate. +Snowfalls are frequent in winter, usually with an average depth over of snow. Snowfalls are stronger in January and February. +The wind on the summit can reach up to . +Hiking. +The summit is reached by hiking. The easiest route is from the "Bruncu Spina" mountain where there are ski lifts to get to the top; from there, it is easy to get to the five highest summits of Sardinia, including Punta La Marmora. + += = = Joanne (album) = = = +Joanne is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Lady Gaga. It was released on October 21, 2016. It was named for Gaga's aunt, her father's sister, who died before Gaga was born. Joanne is also Gaga's middle name. +The album was produced by Gaga, Mark Ronson, Kevin Parker, and BloodPop, among other producers. Gaga collaborated with RedOne on the song "Angel Down", which was written about Trayvon Martin, who was killed in 2012. RedOne also helped produce Gaga's previous blockbuster hits, such as "Just Dance", "Poker Face", and "Bad Romance". Country songwriter Hillary Lindsey also worked with Gaga on "Joanne" on songs like "Million Reasons". Singer-songwriter Beck worked with Gaga on the dance song "Dancin' in Circles". +Two singles were released for the album: "Perfect Illusion" and "Million Reasons". The first single reached the top 20 in several countries, like the US, Canada, Australia, and the UK. "Million Reasons" first peaked at number 52 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. However, after her Super Bowl halftime performance on February 5, 2017, the song entered the "Billboard" Hot 100 again at number four. This is Gaga's 14th top-ten song and her 10th song to reach the top five on the chart. +Gaga went on a Dive Bar Tour at three different dive bars in the United States to promote "Joanne". +Critics have said that "Joanne" is different from Gaga's previous releases, such as "The Fame", "The Fame Monster", "Born This Way", and "Artpop". The album sold 201,000 copies in its first week in the United States. The album entered the "Billboard" 200 albums chart at number one. It became Gaga's fourth number-one album in the U.S. After the album was released, Gaga became the female artist with the most number-one albums of the 2010s decade. "Joanne" ranked at number 108 on the "Billboard" 200 year-end chart of 2016 in the US. +In August 2017, Gaga began the Joanne World Tour, which was set to run through December. However, in September 2017, Gaga canceled her performance at the Rock in Rio festival in Brazil, with Maroon 5 taking her place. The European leg of her tour was postponed to early 2018 due to severe chronic pain. She is set to continue the remainder of the North American dates. +On October 22, 2017, Gaga announced that the album had been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for over one million certified units in the United States. +Track listing. +The standard version of the album has 11 songs, while the deluxe version has 14. + += = = Milky Way–Andromeda collision = = = +The collision between the Milky Way and Andromeda will happen about four billion years in the future. +The Andromeda galaxy is approaching the Milky Way at about as shown by its blueshift. Until 2012, it was not known whether the possible collision was definitely going to happen or not, because its proper motion was too small to measure. +In 2012, researchers concluded that the collision is sure to happen. They used the Hubble Space Telescope to track the motion of stars in Andromeda between 2002 and 2010 with great accuracy. Andromeda's tangential or sideways velocity with respect to the Milky Way was much smaller than the speed of approach. Therefore, it is expected that it will collide with the Milky Way in around 4 billion years. +Such collisions are relatively common. Andromeda, for example, has collided with at least one other galaxy in the past. Several dwarf galaxies such as SagDEG are already colliding with the Milky Way and being merged into it. The Antennae galaxies are an example of two roughly equal spiral galaxies colliding. + += = = Slow loris = = = +Slow lorises are the genus Nycticebus, nocturnal species of strepsirrhine primates. They live in southeast Asia and nearby areas. +There are about eight species: the Sunda slow loris ("N. coucang"), Bengal slow loris ("N. bengalensis"), pygmy slow loris ("N. pygmaeus"), Javan slow loris ("N. javanicus"), Philippine slow loris ("N. menagensis"), Bangka slow loris ("N. bancanus"), Bornean slow loris ("N. borneanus"), and Kayan River slow loris ("N. kayan"). +The group's closest relatives are the slender lorises of southern India and Sri Lanka. Their next closest relatives are the African lorisids, the pottos, false pottos, and angwantibos. They are less closely related to the remaining lorisoids (the various types of galago), and more distantly to the lemurs of Madagascar. Their evolutionary history is uncertain: their fossil record is patchy and molecular clock studies have given various results. +Slow lorises eat insects, small birds and reptiles, eggs, fruits, gums, nectar and some vegetation. A 1984 study of the Sunda slow loris found its diet was 71% fruit and gums, and 29% insects and other animal prey. A more detailed study of another Sunda slow loris population in 2002 and 2003 showed different dietary proportions: 43.3% gum, 31.7% nectar, 22.5% fruit, and just 2.5% arthropods and other animal prey. + += = = Scrapie = = = +Scrapie is a fatal disease that affects the nervous system of sheep and goats. It is similar to Mad cow disease which affects cattle. Scrapie was first described in 1732. Much like with mad cow disease, prions seem to be involved in transmitting it. + += = = Stone slab = = = +A stone slab is a big stone, flat and of little thickness, that are generally used for paving floors, for covering walls or as headstones. +Other definitions refine the meaning a bit more: +Slabs used in dolmens. +Most dolmen constructions they were build using stone slabs of big dimensions. Their architecture often includes a corridor of access that can be constructed usins stone slabs or dry stones. The burial chamber, with variable shapes (rectangular, polygonal, oval, circular ...) can also be preceded by an anteroom. In some dolmens, the entrance has a door cut into one or more vertical stone slabs. +Slabs in the construction. +The main applications of the slabs as material of construction are for pavings and in the construction of roofs. But they can be employed for other uses, among them: +Slabs in the gastronomy. +A system to cook the foods is “to the slab”. In like manner to the systems of “to the iron” or “grilled”, in the procedure to bake to the slab the foods course (meat, fish, vegetables...) They put on a slab hot on of the fire. With oil, butter or lard and all the aditaments with that want to dress the teak. +Grave slabs. +From prehistoric times there are examples of graves covered with a stone slab, in its natural state or carved. This use as tombstone has extended the concept of natural slab to the tombstone variant: flat, thin and polished. Example: the tomb of King Peter the Great, +The tombstones use to have some inscriptions. The information on the stone slab traditionally includes the name of the deceased and his date of birth and death. The inscriptions are generally in the frontal side of the stone slab but also in some cases in the verso and around the edges of the slab, some families request to write an inscription in the unseen part of the stone slab (oriented to the ground). Apart from the name, some slabs also have epitaphs in praise of the deceased or citations of religious texts, as "Requiescat in pace". + += = = Marecchia = = = +The Marecchia () is a river of the Emilia-Romagna region. The city of Rimini gets its name from the Latin name of the river. +Its low course marks the end of the Padan Plain (). +Geography. +The Marecchia river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of approximately . +Its discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) depends of the season: in the autumn could be as high as but is very low during summer. Most of the time, the discharge is about . +Course. +The Marecchia river flows through a valley named after it, "Valmarecchia". The river starts at about west of "Viamaggio" ("comune" of Pieve Santo Stefano) and about southwest of the "comune" of Badia Tedalda, in the province of Arezzo (Tuscany), in the "Alpe della Luna" at an elevation of above sea level. +At about to the northeast of Badia Tedalda, the river flows into the Emilia-Romagna region, in the Casteldelci "comune", province of Rimini. Then it flows through Ca 'Raffaello, an exclave of Badia Tedalda; to the north of here, the Senatello river flows into the Marecchia as a left tributary. Later, in "Ponte Masa", the Masa river flows from the right into the Marecchia. +Shortly after "Torello", the San Marino river flows as a right tributary and, after the Verucchio "comune", the Ausa flows also from the right. +Between the "frazioni" (Italian subdivisions of a municipality) of "Rivabella" and "San Giuliano", in Rimini, the Marecchia river ends in the Adriatic Sea. +The Bridge of Tiberius () or Bridge of Augustus () is a Roman bridge in Rimini. Its construction began in the times of Augustus but was finished in 20 AD in the times of Tiberius. +Main tributaries. +The tributaries of the Marecchia river are: + += = = Shijiazhuang = = = +Shijiazhuang (���) is a city in China. It is the capital of Hebei province. +The city is at the edge of the North China Plain. It is about southwest of Beijing. + += = = Manchu queue = = = +The Manchu queue or the Manchu braid was a hairstyle that all men in China during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) had to wear. After the overthrow of the Qing dynasty, Chinese men no longer had to wear the Manchu queue. + += = = War bride = = = +During war, or when a country is occupied, many people who serve in the military are present in that country. Some of these people are soldiers, other people are part of military personnel. Women who marry those people are known as war brides. The effect is well-documented for the period of the First and Second World War, but it also applies to other wars, such as the Philippine–American War, the Vietnam War, the Korean War or the Occupation of Japan. + += = = Neravy = = = +Neravy is a town in the Karaikal district of Puducherry Union territory, India. This town is located 145km away from Pondicherry, the capital of this union territory. +Population. +The population of Neravy is 10890 according to 2001 Census of India. The male population is 5392 and female population is 5494. The literacy rate of the town is 81.19%. +Commune. +Neravy commune is one of the 5 communes in Karaikal district. + += = = Catenary = = = +A catenary is a type of curve. An ideal chain hanging between two supports and acted on by a uniform gravitational force makes the shape of a catenary. (An ideal chain is one that can bend perfectly, cannot be stretched and has the same density throughout.) The supports can be at different heights and the shape will still be a catenary. A catenary looks a bit like a parabola, but they are different. +The equation for a catenary in Cartesian coordinates is +where formula_2 is a parameter that determines the shape of the catenary and formula_3 is the hyperbolic cosine function, which is defined as +Hence, we can also write the catenary equation as +The word "catenary" comes from the Latin word "catena", which means "chain". A catenary is also called called an alysoid and a chainette. + += = = Perfect information = = = +Perfect information has different definitions depending on the field. +In economics, the term perfect information refers to an element of competition in a market which is perfect and idealized. This is commonly known as perfect competition. +In the mathematical branch of game theory, a perfect information game uses perfect information if all the actions taken in the game are known, and the state of the game's materials is available to all players. Perfect information is a type of common knowledge. Perfect information relates to the materials of the game, and to the rules of the game. +It follows that imperfect information is when elements of the game (materials or rules) are not equally available to all participants. +Perfect information games do not require that each player has a working memory of past positions but that merely they have had the opportunity to view such past actions. +Examples. +In a game of chess or go, the pieces and the rules are known, but the implications of the position are not. This identifies chess as a perfect information game. In competitive card games like bridge and poker, the cards held by opponents are not known, or only partly known. They are not perfect information games. + += = = Holon Children's Museum = = = +Holon Children's Museum () is the first museum dedicated for children in Israel. It was opened in 2001. The museum is located in Shimon Peres Park in Holon. + += = = Compromise of 1850 = = = +The Compromise of 1850 was a series of laws passed in 1850 that dealt with the controversial issue of slavery in the United States. As a result of the Mexican–American War, the United States acquired a large amount of new territory. The laws admitted California as a free state, and created the new territories of New Mexico and Utah. A dispute over the boundary between Texas and New Mexico was settled with Texas losing the New Mexico territory. It put an end to the slave trade in Washington, D.C. and made it easier for Southern slave owners to recover runaway slaves. The compromise called for each new state to decide for itself whether it would be a slave or free states. The commerce and trade compromise ended the slave trade and eventually led to the Emancipation Proclamation. +Background. +The Missouri Compromise, passed in 1820, was an agreement between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States Congress. It concerned the regulation of slavery in the western territories. It admitted Missouri as a slave state to please the South. It admitted Maine as a free state to please the North. It kept the balance of power in the United States Senate between the free states and slave states. The plan also called for slavery to be banned from the Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36 degrees 30' north (also known as the Missouri Compromise Line), except within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri. It was a temporary measure that reduced the conflict over slavery. But there was continued resentment between North and South. The South resented Congress interfering with slavery. The North resented having to compromise on the moral issues of slavery. Both sides wanted the political power necessary for their issue to win. In his book "Negro President: Jefferson and the Slave Power", historian Garry Wills wrote, “the South was not demanding slave representation to achieve a near-parity at the moment, but as a way of achieving majority control in the immediately foreseeable future.” +In 1849, when Zachary Taylor became president, the new territories the U.S. gained after the Mexican-American war caused the issue of slavery to become critical again. The California Gold Rush had caused the population there to suddenly increase and Californians now wanted statehood as a free state. This upset the balance of 15 free states and 15 slave states established by the Missouri Compromise. +Debate. +Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky presented resolutions on January 29, 1850 saying they represented the spirit of compromise that would keep the Union together. Former Vice President and Senator from South Carolina John C. Calhoun saw it differently. For a month he worked on a speech but was too ill to deliver it. Virginia Senator James A. Mason read it on the floor of the Senate on March 4. In a speech on March 7, Senator Daniel Webster of Massachusetts spoke in favor of compromise. Abolitionists in the North saw this as a betrayal and giving in to slavery interests. William H. Seward, then the Senator from New York, spoke next for the abolitionists. He claimed there was a "higher law than the Constitution," which prevented any compromise with slavery. +At the same time the House of Representatives was also debating the question. No agreements had been reached by early April so a committee was suggested by Senator Henry S. Foote of Mississippi. Called the "Committee of Thirteen" it was made up of seven Whigs and six Democrats. The committee drafted a bill based mainly on Clay's compromise resolutions made in January. Clay himself was the chairman and presented the bill on May 8. +The Compromise. +Each side got some benefits from the compromise: + += = = Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War = = = +A timeline of events leading up to the American Civil War describes the events which historians recognize as contributing to the American Civil War. Many of these events lead back to the founding of the country. The United States Constitution makes only a few mentions of slavery leaving it largely up to the individual states to govern it. As the Northern and Southern United States developed along separate lines, slavery eventually disappeared from the North. It became an institution in the South. As new parts of the country opened up to settlement the issues over slavery started a long-standing controversy between North and South. It became a burning issue and led to secession of several Southern states. This in general led to the Civil War. + += = = West London Synagogue = = = +West London Synagogue is the oldest Reform synagogue located in London, England, United Kingdom. The synagogue was established on 15 April 1840. +Building. +The current building, built in 1870, is located near Marble Arch in London. The main sanctuary is built in the Byzantine architectural style. The premises also contain offices, a library and community facilities. + += = = Julio César Turbay Ayala = = = +Julio César Turbay Ayala (18 June 1916 – 13 September 2005) was the 25th President of Colombia from 1978 to 1982. +Biographic data. +Turbay was born in a poor neighborhood on June 18, 1916. His father, Antonio Amín Turbay, was a businessman who emigrated from Tannourine, Lebanon. +His mother, Rosaura Ayala, was a peasant from the province of Cundinamarca. Turbay’s father was a hard working merchant who had built a fortune, which he completely lost during the civil war of the Thousand Days War. +Presidency. +1978 Security Statute. +In response to an increase in guerrilla activity, a 1978 decree known as the Security Statute was implemented by Turbay's administration. +The Security Statute gave the military an increased degree of freedom of action, especially in urban areas, to detain, interrogate and eventually judge suspected guerrillas or their collaborators before military tribunals. Human rights organizations, newspaper columnists, political personalities and opposition groups complained about an increase in the number of arbitrary detentions and acts of torture as a result. +1980 Dominican embassy crisis. +In late 1980, sixteen ambassadors were held hostage for 61 days as part of a takeover of the Dominican Republic's embassy. The incident soon spread throughout worldwide headlines, as ambassadors from the United States of America, Costa Rica, Mexico, Peru, Israel and Venezuela had been taken hostage, as well as Colombia's top representative to the Holy See. +Turbay, despite pressure from military and political sectors, avoided deciding to solve the crisis through the use of direct military force, and instead eventually agreed to let the M-19 rebels travel to Cuba. Allegedly, the rebels also received USD 1 million as payment, instead of the initial $50 million that they had originally demanded from the government. +Personal life. +Turbay married his niece, Nydia Quintero Turbay, on July 1, 1948. They had four children together: Julio César, Diana, Claudia, and María Victoria. However, their marriage was annulled by the Roman Catholic Church, and in 1986 he married his longtime companion Amparo Canal, to whom he remained married until his death. +In January 1991, Turbay's daughter Diana was kidnapped by orders of the Medellín Cartel and died during a failed police rescue operation not sanctioned by her family. Her kidnapping is chronicled in "News of a Kidnapping" by the Nobel Prize-winning author Gabriel García Márquez (1996) and depicted in multiple onscreen productions. +Death. +Turbay died on September 13, 2005. He was honored by a state funeral personally led by President Álvaro Uribe and was buried at the Sacromonte Caves at Canton Norte, an army base in Bogotá. + += = = Conan the Barbarian (1982 movie) = = = +Conan the Barbarian is a 1982 American fantasy-adventure movie directed by John Milius. Based on the stories of Robert E. Howard, the movie tells the story of a warrior prince (Arnold Schwarzenegger) who must battle and defeat Thulsa Doom (James Earl Jones), an evil sorcerer who murdered his parents. Although initial reception for the film was poor, it was a box-office hit and launched Schwarzenegger's career, and in the years since, it has become a cult movie. A sequel, Conan the Destroyer, was released in 1984, and a remake was also released in 2011. +Plot. +In the fictional country of Cimmeria, a sword is forged by a blacksmith (William Smith), who shows it to his young son Conan as he tells him "the Riddle of Steel", which is an aphorism of the importance of metal to their people. One day, the Cimmerians are massacred by the warriors of the sorcerer Thulsa Doom (James Earl Jones), who is the leader of a snake cult. Dogs kill Conan's father and his mother is killed when Doom decapitates her with his sword. The children, Conan among them, are taken into slavery and chained to a mill called The Wheel of Pain. Conan grows into a young man (Arnold Schwarzenegger), whose muscles have built from years of pushing the heavy grindstone. His master eventually trains him into a gladiator; he is eventually freed after winning several pit fights and receiving training in the East. Conan travels to a warrior's tomb and retrieves a sword. He later on encounters a prophetic witch (Cassandra Gava) and befriends the thief Subotai (Gerry Lopez). +On the advice of the witch Conan and Subotai travel to the city of Zamora to find Doom. There, they encounter the female warrior Valeria (Sandahl Bergman). They steal treasure from the Tower of Serpents-killing a giant snake in the process-and after escaping, the thieves celebrate and Conan and Valeria fall in love. The city guards capture the trio and bring them to the court of King Osric (Max von Sydow), who requests that they rescue his daughter-who has become a follower of Doom-for a reward. Subotai and Valeria refuse, but Conan-driven by his hatred of Doom-sets off alone to the Temple of Set, where the sorcerer resides. +Conan infiltrates the temple disguised as a priest, but ends up being discovered, captured and tortured. Doom lectures him on the power of flesh, which he demonstrates by forcing one of his followers to commit suicide by jumping off a cliff, before ordering the barbarian to be crucified on the Tree of Woe. Subotai discovers the dying Conan and brings him to the Wizard of the Mounds (Mako), who lives on a burial site for warriors and kings. The wizard summons spirits to heal the barbarian, warning that they will "exact a heavy toll", which Valeria is willing to pay. These spirits try to capture Conan but he fully recovers from his wounds when Subotai and Valeria fight them off. +Subotai and Valeria agree to help Conan complete the quest and infiltrate the temple of Set. As the cult indulges in a cannibalistic orgy, the thieves attack and flee with the princess. Doom shoots Valeria with a stiffened snake and is mortally injured. She dies of her wounds and Conan has her cremated at the Mounds, where he later prepares with Subotai and the wizard to fight Doom. With the use of booby traps and exploiting the terrain, the two manage to slay Doom's soldiers when they arrive. Valeria reappears briefly as a Valkyrie to protect Conan from a mortal blow. After the death of his men, Doom tries to shoot the princess with a stiffened snake, but Subotai blocks the shot with his shield and the sorcerer flees to his temple. +Conan sneaks back to the temple where Doom addresses the cult members. He confronts Doom, who attempts to mesmerize him. Conan, however, resists and decapitates the sorcerer. After the disillusioned cultists disperse, Conan razes the temple to the ground and returns the princess. + += = = Aisne (river) = = = +The Aisne is a river in northeastern France. It is a left tributary of the Oise river. It gave its name to the French department of Aisne. It was known in Roman times with its Celtic name of Axona. +Geography. +The Aisne river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of . +Course. +The source of the Aisne is in the "Forest of Argonne", in the Rembercourt-Sommaisne "commune" (Meuse), near the border with the Marne department, at an altitude of about . From here, the Aisne flows to the west. +The Aisne river flows through 2 regions and 5 departments. It flows through the following "communes", among others: +Finally, it flows into the Oise river in the city of Compiègne. +Main tributaries. +The main tributaries of the Aisne river are: +Left tributaries: +Right tributaries: +Hydrology. +Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Trosly-Breuil in the Oise department. +The Aisne shows typical seasonal fluctuations. The highest levels of the river are in winter and spring, from December to May inclusive, with the highest level in February. They are followed by a rapid fall in the flow during the low water period that goes from July to October. + += = = Damodar River = = = +The Damodar River is a river in India. It flows through the states of West Bengal and Jharkhand. The river is nicknamed "the Sorrow of Bengal" because of the floods in the plains of West Bengal. +Tributaries. +The Damodar River has many tributaries. They are: +Sorrow of Bengal. +Chota Nagpur Plateau receives an annual rainfall of around . The volume of this monsoon rain produces the floods of the Damodar River. Many of the floods of the Damodar River is recorded in the years of 1700, 1855, 1866, 1926, 1935 and 1943. + += = = History of the United States (1789–1849) = = = +The History of the United States (1789–1849), sometimes called the Antebellum period, is the history beginning with the Presidency of George Washington and ending just before the American Civil War. The first government, formed under the Articles of Confederation, had ended and a new government based on the United States Constitution began. In the early 19th century, the country went though a number of dramatic changes. The country expanded its borders, cities became industrial centers and the economy grew. Sections of the United States developed differently leading to conflicts and eventually up to a civil war. +Federalist Era. +This is the period from 1789 to about 1801 when the Federalist Party controlled the American government. +In 1789, Washington was elected the first President of the United States. The Constitution only gave a vague outline of what a president should be. Washington defined the position of President and left office after two terms. During Washington's term, there was a Whiskey Rebellion, where country farmers tried to stop the government from collecting taxes on whiskey. In 1795, Congress passed the Jay Treaty, which allowed for increased trade with Britain in exchange for the British giving up their forts on the Great Lakes. However, Great Britain was still interfering with the U.S., such as impressment (making American sailors join the British Royal Navy). +John Adams defeated Thomas Jefferson in the election of 1796 to become the second President of the United States. This was the first American election that was between two political parties. Under Adams, the United States Navy was created on April 30, 1798. It replaced the earlier Continental Navy which had been disbanded by 1785. By the end of 1798 the U.S. Navy had 14 ships with more being built. Adams pushed for and signed the controversial Alien and Sedition Acts. +In the election of 1800, Jefferson defeated Adams. One of the most important things he did as President was to make the Louisiana Purchase from France, which made the United States twice as big. By 1800 24 treaties had been signed with nine European powers. +Jeffersonian period. +This is the period from 1800 through 1815 which includes the administrations of two Democratic-Republican Party presidents, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. They are commonly called Jeffersonian Republicans. During this time the country nearly doubled in size with the Louisiana Purchase from France. This, in turn, was one of the causes behind the War of 1812, when Great Britain attempted to re-claim her former American colonies.<!Era of good feelings • http://www.ushistory.org/us/23a.asp --> +Era of good feelings. +In 1816, the Federalist Party candidate Rufus King ran against the Democratic-Republican candidate James Monroe. Monroe received 183 electoral votes to King's 34. That was the last time the Federalist Party ran a candidate. The Congressional election of 1818 gave the Democratic-Republicans a majority of 85%. Monroe served for two terms from 1817 to 1825. Due to the dominance of one political party this is often called the "Era of Good Feelings". But the party was deeply divided by this time. Many of the Federalist policies of Alexander Hamilton were adopted during this time and Monroe continued many of the economic policies of Madison. Three in particular were a national bank, protective tariffs and federal funding of the infrastructure. +Two party system. +The one-party Era of Good Feelings system of cooperation between politicians lasted only about a decade. It was replaced by a new two-party system, which continues to today. Political parties took on the job of building coalitions between many different groups with different interests. This new system broke away from the patronage system based on personal loyalties. The Founding Fathers of the United States had never imagined a system based on political parties but by the 1830s they had become the main system of American politics. +The presidential election of 1824 had no Federalist party candidate. There were five candidates with Andrew Jackson winning the electoral college with 99 votes. Second to Jackson was John Quincy Adams with 84 votes and third was William H. Crawford who received 41 votes. Because nobody received a clear majority of electoral votes, following the Twelfth Amendment, the decision would be made by the House of Representatives. +The Speaker of the House was Henry Clay, another of the five candidates for President in 1824. Despite his state legislature instructing him to vote for Jackson, Clay formed a coalition to elect Adams president. On the first vote, Adams won the majority of votes. At first, Jackson accepted the decision gracefully. But after Adams became president he appointed Clay his Secretary of State. This brought cries of a "corrupt bargain" between Clay and Adams. Jackson's 1828 political campaign to end government corruption began immediately afterwards to make sure Adams would be a one-term president. +Era of Jacksonian Democracy. +Andrew Jackson was elected president in 1828. He got nearly 70% of the electoral votes and over 60% participation in his election. This was largely due to Jackson's popularity as "Old Hickory", the hero of the Battle of New Orleans. His military career had included service in the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812 and the Seminole Wars. Jackson also benefited from the perceived "corrupt bargain" between Adams and Clay to expand his political base. +During his presidency, Jackson founded the party that began calling itself the "American Democracy". Changes in the electoral rules and political campaigns also contributed towards the feeling the country was becoming more democratic than it had been up to this point. For both reasons this era was called Jacksonian democracy. The period itself was from 1828 into the 1840s but its influence lasted much longer. It was a period of democratic reforms in voting and changes to the structure of the federal government. Some historians see it as a contradiction in terms since it also defended slavery, the pushing of Native Americans westward and white supremacy. Jackson's policies during his two terms were best described as "laissez-faire". +Democratic Party. +His Democratic Party stood for a smaller simpler government that did not involve itself in the economy or in regulating business. They opposed religious intrusion into government, especially in the forms of temperance, abolitionism and in officially keeping the Sabbath. Jackson and his Democrats wanted to keep government spending to a minimum. +The Democrats, under Jackson and his successor Martin Van Buren, became much better organized. They created a structure of local, state and national branches which controlled organizing membership as well as their caucuses and political conventions. They popularly claimed to be a grassroots party but were in fact controlled from Washington. They represented themselves as defending the common man against the "aristocrats" of the Whig Party. They started a spoils system of rewarding party loyalty with government jobs. After the War of 1812, Constitutional changes allowed more men to vote by erasing the requirement to own property. By Jackson's presidency, nearly all white men could vote. In 1812, only half of the states chose their electors in a presidential election by popular vote. By 1832, all states except South Carolina chose their presidential electors by popular vote. The Democrats were quick to take advantage of these changes. +Nullification Crisis. +Jacksonian Democrats fought against the Second Bank of the United States. They wanted to remove the political influence of bankers on the national economy. They helped farmers and planters by taking away the lands of Native Americans and making cheap land available for settlers. But this did not get them the support of all planters in the South. Mostly centered in South Carolina, some thought the Jacksonian egalitarianism might threaten the institution of slavery itself. This led to the Nullification Crisis of 1832-1833. Farmers and planters had hoped that when Jackson was elected, he would reduce the unpopular tariffs that benefited Northern manufacturers and hurt the economy of the South. South Carolina passed the Ordinance of Nullification which declared the federal tariffs of 1828 and 1838 illegal within the borders of South Carolina. They also began to raise funds for a military to defend themselves. +In November 1832, Jackson sent a fleet of seven navy ships and one warship to Charleston. He called the state act "insurrection and treason". While other states in the south may have sympathized with South Carolina, they called the state's actions unconstitutional. South Carolina finally gave in and removed their objections to the tariff. In response, in 1833, Henry Clay got a bill through Congress that reduced the tariff in stages for any that were over 20%. So in the end South Carolina had shown it could force its will on Congress by resisting a federal law. +Social reforms. +A number of reform movements began during this period after 1815. The improved economy after the War of 1812 provided a new class of people who had the time and financial resources to become involved in social movements. New technologies in printing increased the number of publications including those about subjects such as abolition. Better transportation meant lecturers could move from place to place more easily. A temperance movement began about 1819. A religious movement, sometimes called the Second Great Awakening, swept through the country during this time. Common themes ran through most of these reform movements. One of the most important was the belief that people had the ability to choose between right and wrong. For example, slavery was wrong. The term "slave" was used to show anything that was held to be wrong in society. Drunkards were "slaves" to alcohol, workers were "slaves" to the factory owners, and women were "slaves" to men. It was also common for those who believed in anti-slavement movements to also believe in women's rights, religious reforms and temperance reforms. People were given to joining local organizations because there were no strong political leaders championing these causes. There were no national church organizations to lead these causes. Reform movements went around the political and religious systems, at least until the 1840s. The movements themselves, such as the abolitionist movement, were not completely unified and had internal disagreements over what should be done or how to go about it. +Antebellum slavery. +Slavery was mainly concentrated in the South by 1830. Slaves were used on small farms and large plantations. They were also used in towns as domestic workers and labor for various industries. Slaves were considered to be property because they were black. They were kept as slaves by the constant threat of violence. They were not allowed to forget they were slaves even though they lived with their masters. Many slaveowners genuinely cared about their slaves, but never saw them as their equal. But the largest percentage of Southerners did not own slaves. Most Southerners worked their own farms yet, curiously, they defended slavery as an institution. Many resented the wealth and power of the large plantation owners but at the same time held out the hope that someday they could join those ranks. Also, while poor Southerners were looked down on by rich plantation owners, they could themselves look down on blacks as an inferior group. +Cotton had become the largest cash crop. But plantations also grew corn, rice, sugarcane and tobacco. Slaves on plantations may have averaged 50 or less, but the largest plantations had hundreds of slaves. In addition to field work, slaves also were skilled in trades such as blacksmithing, carpentry and mechanics. Domestic slaves did the cooking for the family, raised their children and performed all the work in the household. They were always supervised and had to work at all times they were not sleeping. Domestic slaves had virtually no privacy. Young white children formed close attachment to their black nannies. But as they grew up they were educated as to how slaves were to be treated. +The Agrarian South. +During this time period cotton plantations became very profitable in the South. Advances such as the cotton gin, power looms and the Sewing machine created a demand for cotton. It was exported from the South to New England and to England. Plantation owners needed more land and more slaves to grow more cotton. They were especially interested in expanding into new territories. They needed more slaves and after the ban on importing African slaves into the U.S., the prices went up. Small farmers found it profitable to sell their slaves to the large plantation owners. Wealth in the South often reflected how many slaves a planter owned. Slaves gave them political power and prestige. +The industrial North. +The textile industry started the industrial revolution in the North. Other advances in manufacturing were in making paint, furniture, paper and glass. Between 1814 and 1865, the population grew by a factor of four. Manufacturing output grew to twelve times and the price of manufactured goods grew to eight times what it was before. Most of this growth was in New England. Rivers provided power for mills. In Pennsylvania coal and iron ore were mined. Agriculture remained an important industry in the North. Schools provided education provided a literate supply of workers and inventors. Large ports and ships provided transportation to foreign markets. Also railroads and water transportation such as the Erie Canal provided goods and services further west. A steady supply of immigrants provided much of the labor force that ran the Northern industries. During this period a number of social movements including anti-slavery began to have noticeable effects on society. In 1831 more radical forms of abolitionist movements emerged. + += = = Domain name registrar = = = +A domain name registrar is a company designed to provide domain registration service to other companies or individuals that would like to own a particular web address. The party seeking to register the site will usually pay the domain name registrar a flat or monthly fee to keep the name registered, so that no other person is able to acquire the web address. The systems setup by the domain name registrar translates IP addresses into easily identifiable domain names. this is called the domain name registrar. + += = = Magnetic storage = = = +Magnetic storage is a way of storing data that uses magnets to store binary data. It uses patterns of positive and negative magnetisation to store data using read/write heads, which can view and change the magnetisation. A few examples include hard disk drives, floppy disks, and magnetic stripes. + += = = Arrondissements of the Aisne department = = = +There are 5 arrondissements in the Aisne department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into "arrondissements", which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture. +If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture. +Arrondissements are further divided into communes. +The arrondissements of the Aisne are: +History. +Since its creation, the Aisne department has had few changes: + += = = United Arab Emirates Armed Forces = = = +The United Arab Emirates Armed Forces is the armed forces of the United Arab Emirates. It defends all seven emirates. They have about 65,000 personnel. Their headquarters are in Abu Dhabi, UAE. It has been used twice in Sharjah. + += = = Tecumseh = = = +Tecumseh ( ; March 1768 – October 5, 1813) was a Native American leader of the Shawnee and a large tribal confederacy (known as Tecumseh's Confederacy) which opposed the United States during Tecumseh's War and became an ally of Britain in the War of 1812. He is also the earliest known ruler of the Shawnee Tribe. +Family. +Tecumseh had a brother named Tenskwatawa. Tenskwatawa was known as the town drunkard in the town until he changed and became religious. When Tecumseh left for a business trip and left Tenskwatawa in charge, he didn't do a good job. He started a war with his leadership, and a while after Tecumseh returned, Tecumseh was killed. Tecumseh also has a son named Cheeseekau. +References. +Notes + += = = Arrondissement of Château-Thierry = = = +The arrondissement of Château-Thierry is an arrondissement of France, in the Aisne department, Hauts-de-France region. Its capital is the city of Château-Thierry. +History. +When the Aisne department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry was part of that original department. +On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry was eliminated but in 1942 it was made again an "arrondissement". +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry is the most southern of the "arrondissements" of the Aisne department. It is bordered to the north by the Soissons "arrondissement", to the south and southeast by the Marne department, to the southwest by the Seine-et-Marne department and to the northwest by the Oise department. +The "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry is the second smallest "arrondissement" of the department both in area, , and population (73,188 inhabitants). +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +The cantons of the "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry are: +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry has 108 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Croquet = = = +Croquet is a sport. It was officially registered by Isaac Spratt in November 1856. It involves hitting plastic or wooden balls with a mallet through hoops (often called "wickets" in the United States) embedded in a grass playing court. + += = = Computational linguistics = = = +Computational Linguistics is a field of linguistics that deals with making computers understand human language. Some of the biggest sub-fields of computational linguistics are: +Speech recognition, which is a computer program that listens to people talk and writes down what they said +Speech synthesis, which is a computer program that takes writing and reads it out loud +Machine translation, which is a computer program that turns a language into a different one +Dialog Systems, which is a computer program that talks with a human to help them do something + += = = Arrondissement of Laon = = = +The arrondissement of Laon is an arrondissement of France, in the Aisne department, Hauts-de-France region. Its capital, and the Prefecture of the department, is the city of Laon. +History. +When the Aisne department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Laon was part of that original department. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Laon is the central "arrondissement" of the Aisne department. It is bordered to the northwest by the Saint-Quentin "arrondissement", to the northeast by the Vervins "arrondissement", to the east by the Ardennes department, to the southeast by the Marne department, to the south by the Soissons "arrondissement", to the southwest by the Oise department and to the northwest by the Somme department. +The "arrondissement" of Laon is the largest "arrondissement" of the department both in area, , and in population (165,489 inhabitants). +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +The cantons of the "arrondissement" of Laon are: +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Laon has 244 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Arrondissement of Saint-Quentin = = = +The arrondissement of Saint-Quentin is an arrondissement of France, in the Aisne department, Hauts-de-France region. Its capital is the city of Saint-Quentin. +History. +When the Aisne department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Saint-Quentin was part of that original department. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Saint-Quentin is in the northwest of the Aisne department. It is bordered to the north by the Nord department, to the east by the Vervins "arrondissement", to the south by the Laon "arrondissement" and to the west by the Somme department. +The "arrondissement" of Saint-Quentin is the smallest "arrondissement" of the department in area, , but is the second in population (130,918 inhabitants). +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +All the cantons of the "arrondissement" of Saint-Quentin have their "communes" in the "arrondissement"; they are: +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Saint-Quentin has 126 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Arrondissement of Soissons = = = +The arrondissement of Soissons is an arrondissement of France, in the Aisne department, Hauts-de-France region. Its capital is the city of Soissons. +History. +When the Aisne department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Soissons was part of that original department. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Soissons is in the central part of the Aisne department. It is bordered to the north by the Laon "arrondissement", to the east by the Marne department, to the south by the Château-Thierry "arrondissement" and to the west by the Oise department. +The "arrondissement" of Soissons has an area of and a population of 103,840 inhabitants. +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +The cantons of the "arrondissement" of Soissons are: +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Soissons has 166 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Full Circle (Creed album) = = = +Full Circle is the fourth and final studio album by American post-grunge band Creed. The album was released on October 27, 2009 through Wind-up Records. + += = = Arrondissement of Vervins = = = +The arrondissement of Vervins is an arrondissement of France, in the Aisne department, Hauts-de-France region. Its capital is the city of Vervins. +History. +When the Aisne department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Vervins was part of that original department. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Vervins is in the northeast of the Aisne department. It is bordered to the north by the Nord department, to the northeast by Belgium (), to the east by the Ardennes department, to the south by the Laon "arrondissement" and to the west by the Saint-Quentin "arrondissement". +The "arrondissement" of Vervins has an area of . It is the "arrondissement" of Aisne with fewest people living in it, 66,348 inhabitants. +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +The cantons of the "arrondissement" of Vervins are: +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Vervins has 130 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Dhuys-et-Morin-en-Brie = = = +Dhuys-et-Morin-en-Brie is a commune in the Aisne department of northern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Artonges, La Celle-sous-Montmirail, Fontenelle-en-Brie and Marchais-en-Brie. +The town hall is in Marchais-en-Brie. +Name. +The "commune" of Dhuys-et-Morin-en-Brie gets is name from: +Geography. +Dhuys-et-Morin-en-Brie is in the southern part of the Aisne department at to the south of Laon, the prefecture of the department, and at to the southeast of Château-Thierry, the subprefecture of the "arrondissement". +It has an area of with an altitude of . +Composition. +The "commune" is formed by: + += = = Gennifer Flowers = = = +Gennifer Flowers (born January 24, 1950) is an American model and actress. She became known after she revealed a sexual affair with President Bill Clinton. Before Clinton's presidency, she posed nude in "Penthouse" magazine. She also acted in two movies and one television show. +Flowers was born in Oklahoma City. + += = = IOS 10 = = = +iOS 10 is a version of iOS released on September 13, 2016, preceded by iOS 9. iOS 10 includes new features such as 3D touch improvements, the lock screen, Emojis in Messages, Siri's compatibility to third-party apps, and many others. This is the first time Apple has dropped support for devices since iOS 8. Apple since then have a limited support for the iPhone 5, iPhone 5C, and the fourth-generation iPad. +Changes. +iOS 10 supports Xserve. +Messages. +The user now has the option of downloading applications from a app store in Messages. + += = = Ivory-billed woodpecker = = = +The ivory-billed woodpecker ("Campephilus principalis") is a possibly extinct species of woodpecker. It would be about in length. Its wingspan would be . It is one of 23 species which the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has declared extinct.However, the UCN have not changed its assessment of the species, and the USFWS statement might be revoked in 2022, according to Matt Courtman from Mission Ivorybill. +The last sighting was in Arkansas in 2004. They were often mistaken for pileated woodpeckers. The males had red crests, and the females had black crests. + += = = McCollough effect = = = +The McCollough effect is a phenomenon of human vision: Colorless gratings appear colored contingent on the orientation of the gratings. People need time to see the effect. For example, if someone looks at a red horizontal grating and then at a green vertical grating for a few minutes, a black-and-white horizontal grating will look greenish and a black-and-white vertical grating will then look pinkish. The effect is remarkable for often lasting up to three months or more. +The effect was discovered by American psychologist Celeste McCollough in 1965. + += = = Vallées-en-Champagne = = = +Vallées-en-Champagne is a commune in the Aisne department of northern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Baulne-en-Brie, La Chapelle-Monthodon and Saint-Agnan. +The town hall is in Baulne-en-Brie. +Geography. +Vallées-en-Champagne is in the southeastern part of the Aisne department, on the border with the Marne department, at to the south of Laon, the prefecture of the department, and at to the southeast of Château-Thierry, the subprefecture of the "arrondissement". +It has an area of with an altitude of . +Composition. +The "commune" is formed by: + += = = Mitch Hedberg = = = +Mitchell Lee "Mitch" Hedberg (February 24, 1968 – March 30, 2005) was an American stand-up comedian, actor, and comedian. He was born and raised in St. Paul, Minnesota. Hedberg's trademark was his hippie look and his relaxed unconventional comedic delivery. +Career. +Hedberg began his stand-up career in Florida. He later moved to Seattle and began to tour. He soon appeared on MTV's "Comikaze". This was followed by a 1996 appearance on the "Late Show with David Letterman" that brought him his big break. He won the 1997 grand prize at the Seattle Comedy Competition. The next year he appeared in an episode of Fox's series "That '70s Show". +In 1999, he completed his own independent feature movie, "Los Enchiladas!". He was the star, writer, director and producer. He recorded three comedy CDs: "Strategic Grill Locations", "Mitch All Together", and "Do You Believe in Gosh?". The last was released posthumously. He also appeared at the Montreal Just for Laughs comedy festival in 1996, and again in 1998 and 2001. +At the same time as his rising fame in the entertainment industry, Hedberg appeared on Letterman nine more times. He signed a half-million dollar deal with Fox for a television sitcom. Hedberg was supposed to be the next Jerry Seinfeld. George Carlin, Dave Chappelle, Mike Birbiglia and Lewis Black were reportedly among his comedian fans. + += = = Les Septvallons = = = +Les Septvallons is a commune in the Aisne department of northern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Glennes, Longueval-Barbonval, Merval, Perles, Révillon, Vauxcéré and Villers-en-Prayères. +The town hall is in Longueval-Barbonval. +Geography. +Les Septvallons is in the eastern part of the Soissons "arrondissement", in the valley of the Aisne river; the "commune" is on the border with the Marne department, at to the south of Laon, the prefecture of the department, and at to the east of Soissons, the subprefecture of the "arrondissement". +It has an area of with an altitude of . +Composition. +The "commune" is formed by: + += = = Decongestant = = = +A decongestant (or nasal decongestant) is a type of pharmaceutical drug that is used to help stop nasal congestion in the upper respiratory tract. The active ingredients that most decongestants have are pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine. + += = = 2016–17 NHL season = = = +The 2016–17 NHL season was the 100th season of operation (99th season of play) of the National Hockey League. +There were 82 games for each team in the regular season from October 12, 2016 to April 9, 2017. The 2017 Stanley Cup playoffs began on April 12 and ended on June 11 when the Pittsburgh Penguins won game six of the 2017 Stanley Cup Final against the Nashville Predators. This was the penguins' fifth Stanley Cup in their history and their third in nine seasons. They also won the Stanley Cup in 2016 and that means they are the first team since the Detroit Red Wings in 1997 and 1998 to win two Stanley Cups in a row. +The Washington Capitals were the Presidents' Trophy winners for being the best team of the regular season. Edmonton Oilers player, Connor McDavid, won both the Hart Memorial Trophy, for being the most valuable player to his team, and the Art Ross Trophy for scoring the most goals and assists. The Oilers also made the playoffs for the first time since the 2005-06 NHL season. This tied the record for longest time without making the playoffs at 10 seasons. The Detroit Red Wings missed the playoffs. The last time this happened was in the 1989-90 NHL season. This 25-season streak was the fourth longest in NHL history and the longest in the NHL, Major League Baseball, National Basketball Association and theNational Football League. The team with the longest streak in the NHL became the Penguins at 11 seasons. The first round of the playoffs broke the record for most overtime games with 18. The Eastern Conference runner-up was the Ottawa Senators for losing the Conference Final to the Pittsburgh Penguins. The Western Conference runner-up was the Anaheim Ducks for losing the Conference Final to the Nashville Predators. Pittsburgh Penguins' player Sidney Crosby was the Conn Smythe Trophy winner for being the most valuable player of the playoffs. +Standings. +Tie Breakers:<br> +1. Fewer number of games played.<br> +2. Greater Regulation + OT Wins (ROW)<br> +3. Greatest number of points earned in head-to-head play (If teams played an unequal # of head-to-head games, the result of the first game on the home ice of the team with the extra home game is discarded.)<br> +4. Greater Goal differential + += = = Metropolitan Division = = = +The National Hockey League's Metropolitan Division was formed in 2013 as part of the Eastern Conference in a league realignment. It followed the Atlantic Division which and some teams also joined from the Southeast Division. Six of its teams had been in the Patrick Division from 1981–93 (one joined in 1982). As of the 2013–14 season, it is the only NHL division without a Canadian team. Five of the division's teams are located in either the New York City area or in Pennsylvania. +Metropolitan Division titles won by team. +Teams in bold are currently in the division. + += = = 2015–16 NHL season = = = +The 2015–16 NHL season was the 99th season of operation (98th season of play) of the National Hockey League (NHL). Thirty teams competed. There were 82 games in the regular season from October 7, 2015 to April 10, 2016. +The 2016 Stanley Cup playoffs began on April 13, 2016 and ended June 12. The Pittsburgh Penguins won their fourth Stanley Cup. None of the seven Canadian-based teams qualified for the playoffs. The only other time in league history with no Canadian teams in the playoffs was in 1970. + += = = List of United States senators from Utah = = = +Utah was admitted to the Union on January 4, 1896. It elects senators to Class 1 and Class 3. In early January 2019, its senators were Republicans Mike Lee and Mitt Romney. +List of senators. +! rowspan=2 | 1 +! 1 +! rowspan=4 | 2 +! rowspan=3 | 2 +! rowspan=15 | 3 +! rowspan=6 | 3 +! rowspan=12 | 4 +! rowspan=9 | 4 +! rowspan=3 | 5 +! rowspan=6 | 6 +! rowspan=12 | 5 +! rowspan=10 | 7 +! rowspan=10 | 6 +! rowspan=21 | 8 +! rowspan=9 | 7 +! rowspan=6 | 8 +! rowspan=3 | 9 +Living former U.S. senators from Utah. +, there were two living former U.S. senators from Utah. The most recent senator to die was Bob Bennett of Class 3 (1993-2011) on May 4, 2016. The most recent Class 1 senator to die was Frank Moss (1959-1977) on January 29, 2003. + += = = Bagnes = = = +Bagnes was a municipality in Entremont in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021, the former municipalities of Bagnes and Vollèges merged to form the new municipality of Val de Bagnes. +Villages. +Val de Bagnes, Bruson, Champsec, Cotterg, Fionnay, Le Châble, Les Morgnes, Lourtier, Medières, Mauvoisin, Montagnier, Prarreyer, Sarreyer, Verbier, Versegères and Villette + += = = Verbier = = = +Verbier is a village in southwestern Switzerland in the canton of Valais. It is a holiday resort and ski area of the Swiss Alps and is recognized as one of the premiere "off-piste" resorts in the world. +Verbier is in the municipality of Bagnes, in the Swiss canton of Valais. The village lies on a south oriented terrace at around 1,500 metres facing the Grand Combin massif. The terrace lies on the east side of the Val de Bagnes, a valley located south of Martigny. + += = = Piezoelectricity = = = +Piezoelectric material generates a small electrical voltage, when its shape is deformed. This can be by as little as a 0.09% change, and can produce 12mAh worth of electricity at 230V (standard power output). It is important to note that the actual values of a piezoelectric material's volume or surface area do not change, as only the ratios of each axis (x, y and z) that are altered. E.g. a cuboid with 20 meters cubed volume can have the normal dimensions 1 meter by 2 meters by 10 meters, and the deformed dimensions 2 meters by 2.5 meters by 4 meters; the volume would remain the same, . +When processed, the piezoelectric crystal become sharper as they get refined through heating and cooling. This process makes the material much more sensitive to changes in pressure, as well as increases their resistance to compressive stress that would impede its ability to function. + += = = Bourg-Saint-Pierre = = = +Bourg-Saint-Pierre (German name: "St. Petersburg") is a municipality of the district of Entremont in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Liddes = = = +Liddes is a municipality of the district Entremont in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +Villages. +Liddes-Ville, Chandonne, Fontaine, Rive-Haute, Drance, Fornex, Les Moulins, Vichères, Chez-Petit and Palasui + += = = Orsières = = = +Orsières is a municipality of the district of Entremont in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +Villages. +Branche, Chamoille, Champex-Lac, Chez-les-Addy-Maligue, Chez-les-Giroud, Chez-les-Reuses, Commeire, Issert, La Douay, La Fouly, La Rosière, Le Biolley, Les Archales, Orsières, Prassurny, Prayon, Praz-de-Fort, Reppaz, Somplaroz, Soulalex and Verlonnaz. + += = = Yvan Cournoyer = = = +Yvan Serge "The Roadrunner" Cournoyer (born November 22, 1943) is a retired Canadian hockey right winger who played in the National Hockey League for the Montreal Canadiens from 1963 to 1979. + += = = 2016 IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia = = = +The 2016 IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia became the 9th IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia, an annual international ice hockey tournament held by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). It took place between 12 and 18 March 2016 in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. +Top Division. +Participants +Awards and statistics. +Goaltending leaders. +Only the top five goaltenders, based on save percentage, who have played at least 40% of their team's minutes, are included in this list. +Division I. +The Division I competition will played between 9 and 14 April 2016 in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. +Participants + += = = 2015–16 Euro Hockey Tour = = = +The 2015–16 Euro Hockey Tour is the 20th season of Euro Hockey Tour. It started on 5 November 2015 and lasted until 30 April 2016. It consisted of Karjala Cup, Channel One Cup and Euro Hockey Tour Games. Sweden won the tournament. +Total standings. +<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> +Karjala Cup. +The Karjala Cup was played between 5–8 November 2015. Five of the matches were played in Helsinki, Finland, and one match in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden. Tournament was won by Sweden. +<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> +Channel One Cup. +The Channel One Cup was played between 17–20 December 2015. Five of the matches were played in Russia, and one match in Czech Republic. Tournament was won by Czech Republic. +<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> + += = = 2015 IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia = = = +The 2015 IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia became the 8th IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia, an annual international ice hockey tournament held by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). It took place between 14 and 19 March 2015 in Taipei City, Chinese Taipei. +Top Division. +Participants +Division I. +The Division I competition will played between 18 and 25 April 2015 in Kuwait City, Kuwait. +Participants + += = = 2016–17 NLA season = = = +The 2016–17 National League A season is the tenth ice hockey season of Switzerland's top hockey league, the National League A. Overall, it is the 79th season of Swiss professional hockey. +SC Bern is the defending champions. +Coaching changes. +On September 22, 2016, Fribourg-Gottéron's Gerd Zenhäusern was relieved of his duties of head coach after posting a 1-1-1-3 record through 6 games this season. It was later announced that Larry Huras would take over the job for the remainder of the season. +On October 1, 2016, the SCL Tigers fired head coach Scott Beattie after posting a 1-0-2-7 record through 10 games this season. He eventually went on to coach his final game that same day against EHC Kloten, which Langnau won 5-3. On October 2, 2016, it was announced that Heinz Ehlers would be Langnau's new head coach for the remainder of the season and through the 2017-18 season should the team stay in the NLA. +Arenas. +Lausanne is playing its final season at Malley before playing two seasons in a temporary arena which will be located in the old city's slaughterhouse. Meanwhile, their new 10,000-seat arena will be built on the site of the old Malley. +This is Fribourg's last season in the current BCF Arena before it undergoes major renovations in the spring of 2017, which will last for about two years and increase the capacity from 6,500 to 8,500. The team should still be able to play in the arena during the renovations. + += = = John Gilliland = = = +John Sanford Gilliland, Jr. (October 18, 1935 – July 27, 1998) spoke on the radio. He made the "Pop Chronicles" music documentary, which told the story of popular music in America. He was an original member of The Credibility Gap comedy group. He was born and died in Quanah, Texas. He worked for radio stations in Texas and California including KOGO in San Diego (1961–1965), KRLA 1110 in Los Angeles (1965–1970), and KSFO (AM) in San Francisco (1971–1978). +Gilliland worked on his radio documentary, "The Pop Chronicles", for over two years. He interviewed many famous musicians. Then it was first broadcast in 1969. It covered popular music of the 1950s and 1960s. In 1969, KRLA and many other radio stations broadcast this show. This show can now be heard online. +At KSFO in San Francisco, he also produced and broadcast, beginning in 1972, "The Pop Chronicles 40’s". This show is about the popular music of the 1940s. +He edited and in 1994 published "Pop Chronicles: the 40's" as a four-cassette audiobook. This book was also called "The Big Band Chronicles". When he was retired, he still worked for KREB in Houston and KXIC in Quanah. He died in 1998. In 2003, Gilliland's sister donated the Pop Chronicles tapes to the University of North Texas Music Library. They form The John Gilliland Collection. + += = = Eva Vik = = = +Eva Vik (born Eva Doležalová May 5, 1991) is a Czech filmmaker, film director, screenwriter, and producer, represented by Ridley Scott Creative Group worldwide. She is known for films such as Serpentine (2023), Raven (2022) and Carte Blanche (2019). She has been recognised with numerous film awards for her rapidly rising career including the Breakout Director's Award at the Hollywood Film Festival, the Audience Award and the Best Genre Award at the Mammoth Film Festival, and the Best Director at ISA. She was also awarded at Centre Pompidou for her Transformational Trilogy Sounds of Sun, Somnio, Samice in 2019. Moreover, her most recent film Serpentine(2023) has also been nominated for the X award at the Tribeca Film Festival. In 2021, Forbes magazine had also ranked Eva Vik among the 30 most influential people under 30. +Early life and education. +At the age of 10, she began to take an interest in the world of cinema and theatre by taking part in local film productions and theatre plays where she had the opportunity to have roles and a first introduction to scriptwriting. These experiences then led her, at the age of 18, to enroll at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London, allowing her to subsequently land roles in productions, some of which were directed by Shane Black or Mike Figgis. She then moved to Paris. +Eva Vik is a polyglot, she speaks English, French, Czech, Italian, and Polish. +Career. +In 2017, Eva Vik moved to Los Angeles to pursue a career as a screenwriter and director and made her first short film called Sound of Sun starring Sean Penn and Suki Waterhouse. +Several other short films followed, including: "Carte Blanche" with Dylan Sprouse, Suki Waterhouse, and Jack Kilmer who won the Audience Award at the Mammoth Film Festival in 2019 and a Breakout Director Award at the Hollywood Film Festival in 2020. And "Maestro", with Clara McGregor and Karel Dobrý, which awarded her the Best Director Award and the Grand Jury Prize at the Independent Shorts Awards in 2021. +In 2022 and 2023, Eva Vik wrote and directed two science fiction works: "Serpentine" featuring Barbara Palvin, Luke Brandon Field, and Soo Joo Park, which earned her a Premiere screening at the Tribeca Festival, a nomination for the Tribeca X Award and the award for best genre short film at the Mammoth Film Festival. And Raven, released by Vogue magazine which was awarded at the HollyShorts Oscar-Qualifying Film Festival in 2022. +Eva Vik directed two projects in collaboration with Bulgari, Serpentine, a short film starring Barbara Palvin, and a Bulgari Omnia campaign starring Cailee Spaeny who was awarded the Volpi Cup at the Venice Film Festival (2023). +Personal life. +Eva Vik announced, in an interview with LA Weekly in 2023, that she would henceforth bear the maiden name Vik of her maternal grandmother. Indeed, she declared that she no longer wanted to perpetuate the patronymic patriarchal tradition and give the strong women of her family the place they deserve. +Eva Vik is also, apart from her film activity, a philanthropist, committed to the protection of women and children who are victims of domestic violence all over the world through the White Ribbon Campaign. + += = = 2017 IIHF World U18 Championships = = = +The 2017 IIHF U18 World Championship will be the 19th IIHF World U18 Championship, and will be hosted by Poprad and Spišská Nová Ves, Slovakia. The tournament will played 13 to 23 April 2017. Finland will enter the tournament as the defending champions. +Division I. +Division I A. +The Division I A tournament will be played in Bled, Slovenia, from 7 to 13 April 2017. +Division I B. +The Division I B tournament will be played in Bled, Slovenia, from 15 to 21 April 2017. +Division II. +Division II A. +The Division II A tournament will be played in Gangneung, South Korea, from 2 to 8 April 2017. +Division II B. +The Division II B tournament was played in Novi Sad, Serbia, from 13 to 19 March 2017. +Division III. +Division III A. +The Division III A tournament will be played in Taipei, Taiwan, from 21 to 27 March 2017. +Division III B. +The Division III B tournament will be played in Querétaro, Mexico, from 17 to 19 March 2017. + += = = GNU Anubis = = = +GNU Anubis is an outgoing mail processor. It goes between the Mail User Agent (MUA) and the Mail transport agent (MTA), and can perform various sorts of processing and conversion on the outgoing mail in accord with the sender's specified rules, based on a configurable regular expressions system. It operates as a proxy server, independently from mail user agents. + += = = 2014–15 NHL season = = = +The 2014–15 NHL season was the 98th season of operation (97th season of play) of the National Hockey League (NHL). +Thirty teams competed. There were 82 games in the regular season from October 8, 2014 to June 15, 2015. The 2015 Stanley Cup playoffs began on April 15, 2015, and ended on June 15, 2015. The Chicago Blackhawks won the Stanley Cup. + += = = 2013 World Junior A Challenge = = = +The 2013 World Junior A Challenge was an international Junior "A" ice hockey tournament organized by Hockey Canada. It was hosted in Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, from November 4–10, 2013, at the Mariners Centre. The event included the 9th annual Canadian Junior Hockey League Prospects Game Challenge, marking the third time the two events have been paired together. +Background. +Canada East, Canada West, Russia, United States, Switzerland, and Czech Republic all return. +Awards. +All-Star Team +CJHL Prospects Game. +For the third consecutive year, the Canadian Junior Hockey League Prospects Game was a part of the WJAC festivities. Just like the previous four Prospects Games, the event was actually two "prospect" games with the President's Cup going to the winning goal aggregate. +Prospects East won their fourth President's Cup in nine years with an 8-4 aggregate victory (4-2, 4-2) over Prospects West. + += = = 2013 IPC Ice Sledge Hockey World Championships = = = +The 7th IPC Ice Sledge Hockey World Championships took place in the SPART Complex in Goyang, South Korea from April 12 - 20, 2013. It was the first time that South Korea hosted the IPC Ice Sledge Hockey World Championships. In the final, Canada defeated the United States 1-0, to win their third title. Russia defeated the Czech Republic 3-0 for the bronze medal. + += = = 2011–12 NLA season = = = +The 2011–12 National League A season was the fifth ice hockey season of the National League A since the reorganization of the Swiss league. 12 teams participated in the league, which was won by EV Zug. +Playout. +The bottom 4 teams of the National League A will compete in a losing team advances tournament to determine if they should stay in the League. The loser of this tournament will compete against the champions of the National League B to determine which league they will play in next season. +Playdowns. +Ambrì-Piotta would later defeat SC Langenthal, Champions of the National League B, 4–1 to remain in the National League A + += = = 2013–14 NHL season = = = +The 2013–14 NHL season was the 97th season of operation (96th season of play) of the National Hockey League (NHL). +This season had a realignment. The league's 30 teams changed from six divisions to four divisions. The regular season began October 1 and ended April 13. The 2014 Stanley Cup playoffs began April 16. For the first time since 1973, only one Canadian team made the playoffs: the Montreal Canadiens. +There was no all-star game this season, due to the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia. Prior to the season, the NHL, International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) and Olympic officials reached an agreement to send NHL players to the Olympics game. The league took a break on February 9 and resumed play on February 25. +The new divisions are: +Western Conference +Eastern Conference + += = = 2013–14 NLA season = = = +The 2013–14 National League A season is the seventh ice hockey season of Switzerland's top hockey league, the National League A. Overall, it is the 76th season of Swiss professional hockey. It was won by ZSC Lions after beating Kloten Flyers 4-0 in the play offs. +Regular season. +Teams. +After the 2012–13 season, SCL Tigers were defeated by Lausanne HC of National League B, switching places with them. The number of teams stands at 12. +Relegation round. +Six games were played as part of the relegation round. Results from the regular season carried over. +Final. +The bottom two teams played in the final. +Playouts. +The bottom team from the relegation round, EHC Biel, played against HC Viège, the National League B champion, for the right to play in the 2014-15 NLA season. + += = = 2012–13 NHL season = = = +The 2012–13 NHL season was the 96th season of operation (95th season of play) of the National Hockey League (NHL). +30 teams competed. There were 48 games. The regular season began on January 19, 2013 and ended on April 28, 2013. The season start was to begin on October 11, 2012 but was delayed due to the 2012–13 NHL lockout +The playoffs began on April 30, 2013. The Chicago Blackhawks won the Stanley Cup on June 24, 2013 after defeating the Boston Bruins in six games. + += = = 2014 Pan American Ice Hockey Tournament = = = +The 2014 Pan American Ice Hockey Tournament was the first Pan American Ice Hockey Tournament, an annual event run by the Federación Deportiva de México de Hockey sobre Hielo. It took place in Mexico City, Mexico between March 2 and March 9, 2014. Canada won the tournament, winning all five of its game and defeating Mexico in the gold medal game. Colombia finished third place after defeating Argentina in the bronze medal game. + += = = 2011–12 NHL season = = = +The 2011–12 NHL season was the 95th season of operation (94th season of play) of the National Hockey League (NHL). Thirty teams competed. There were 82 games in the regular season from October 6, 2011 to April 7, 2012. +The 2012 Stanley Cup playoffs began on April 11, 2012. The Los Angeles Kings won the Stanley Cup. +During the off-season, the Atlanta Thrashers relocated to Winnipeg, Manitoba, to become the Winnipeg Jets. + += = = 2015 Stanley Cup Finals = = = +The 2015 Stanley Cup Finals was the championship series of the National Hockey League (NHL) . +The Western Conference champion Chicago Blackhawks defeated the Eastern Conference champion Tampa Bay Lightning four games to two. This was the sixth championship for the Blackhawks. +Rosters. +Years in boldface under the "Finals appearance" column signify the player won the Stanley Cup in the given year. + += = = 2014 Stanley Cup Finals = = = +The 2014 Stanley Cup Finals was the championship series of the National Hockey League (NHL)'s season. +The Western Conference champion Los Angeles Kings defeated the Eastern Conference champion New York Rangers four games to one. This was the second championship for the Los Angeles Kings. +Rosters. +Years in boldface under the "Finals appearance" column signify the player won the Stanley Cup in the given year. + += = = 2013 Stanley Cup Finals = = = +The 2013 Stanley Cup Final was the championship series of the National Hockey League (NHL) season. The Western Conference playoff champion Chicago Blackhawks defeated the Eastern Conference playoff champion Boston Bruins in six games. This was the fifth championship for the Blackhawks. +Due to the 2012–13 NHL lockout the 2013 Cup Finals began on June 12. The last game was June 24. This tied the , also impacted by a lockout, for the latest in June that the Stanley Cup was awarded. +In Game six, the Blackhawks were losing 2-1 with 76 seconds left in the third period. In 17 seconds, Bryan Bickell and then Dave Bolland scored to take the lead and win the series. +Rosters. +Years in boldface under the "Finals appearance" column signify the player won the Stanley Cup in the given year. + += = = Hoek van Holland Haven metro station = = = +Hoek van Holland Haven ("Hook of Holland Harbour") is a railway station in the Netherlands. Trains used to connect with the Stena Line Dutchflyer boat service to Harwich International in England. This station is being converted into the Rotterdam Metro. Buses replace trains. + += = = Dark web = = = +The dark web is the world wide web content that exists on darknets. These are overlay networks which use the public internet but need specific software, configurations or authorization to access. The dark web is a small part of the deep web. The deep web is the part of the web not accessed by search engines. Sometimes the term "deep web" is wrongly used to refer to the dark web only. +The dark web includes small, friend-to-friend peer-to-peer networks, as well as large networks like Freenet, I2P, and Tor. Users of the dark web refer to the regular web as the clearnet because it is not encrypted. The Tor dark web may be referred to as onionland, + += = = Vollèges = = = +Vollèges was a municipality in Entremont in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021, the former municipalities of Bagnes and Vollèges merged to form the new municipality of Val de Bagnes. +Villages. +Vollèges, Le Levron, Chemin-Dessus, Vens, Etiez and Cries. + += = = Bellwald = = = +Bellwald is a municipality in the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Forever (Brooke Valentine song) = = = +"Forever" is a song by Brooke Valentine. It was released in February 2012. The song's video premiered on 106 & Park on February 22, 2012. + += = = Virtual image = = = +In optics, a virtual image is an image formed when the outgoing rays from an object always diverge (move apart). A plane mirror forms a virtual image positioned behind the mirror. Light from the source only exists in front of the mirror. The image in a plane mirror appears to be as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of the mirror. +In contrast, a real image is one that is formed when the outgoing rays form a point converge at a real location. Real images can be projected onto a diffuse reflecting screen, but a screen is not necessary for the image to form. + += = = 2016 California Proposition 64 = = = +The Adult Use of Marijuana Act (also known as AUMA or Proposition 64) was a 2016 voter initiative that legalized Cannabis in California. The full name of the measure was the "Control, Regulate and Tax Adult Use of Marijuana Act". A similar initiative was on the ballot in 2010, Proposition 19. It did not pass. The initiative passed with 56% voter approval and became law on November 9, 2016. +Content. +The initiative made recreational cannabis legal for anyone over the age of 21. It also allowed people to grow marijuana plants and sell them. The state would then be able to tax the sale of purchase of the substance. +AUMA allows adults to carry up to an ounce of marijuana. They can also grow up to six marijuana plants in their home. Marijuana packaging would be required to provide the net weight, origin, age, and type of the product, as well as how much of tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, and other cannabinoids are in the product. It must also provide any information about if any pesticides were used during the production. +Smoking marijuana in public is still illegal, and anyone caught doing so will have to pay a $100 fine. Driving under the influence of marijuana is also still illegal. The penalty for unlicensed sale of marijuana is now reduced from four years in state prison to six months in county jail. +60% of the revenue from the new cannabis taxes is going towards to youth programs, 20% to environmental damage cleanup, and 20% to public safety. +Results. +The results were determined on 8 November 2016. + += = = Novolac = = = +Novolac is a high type cyclic steroid hormone found in plants. The discovery of this substance led to creation of velox photographic paper which is an indigenous substance for making of print paper. + += = = Marxism–Leninism = = = +Marxism–Leninism was practiced by the Soviet Union (USSR) after the Bolshevik Revolution. It was also practiced by the Stalinists in the USSR. +The purpose of Marxism–Leninism is to turn a capitalist state into a socialist state. This is done by a revolution by the proletariat to overthrow the old government. The new government then creates a "dictatorship of the proletariat". This new government leads the country based on democratic centralism. +The communist party is supposed to lead society from capitalism to socialism. According to ML, socialism was more "advanced" than capitalism, but communism would be more "advanced" than socialism. Indeed, ML is supposed to provide only a first step: from capitalism to socialism, on the way to a communist society with no class or state.. +Today, the only remaining countries that claim adherence to Marxism-Leninism are: China, Cuba, Vietnam, and Laos, with North Korea moving to its own political philosophy, Juche, though the ideology was also influenced by Marxism-Leninism. +Lenin introduced the NEP in 1921 because Russia was in a state of collapse. +Beliefs. +Marxism–Leninism is an extension of Leninism. It developed as a form of Marxism with adaptations from the works and theories of Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin. Mao Zedong has also made contributions to Marxism–Leninism through Maoism. + += = = Mahesh Chandra Mehta = = = +Mahesh Chandra Mehta, born on 12 October 1946, is a public interest attorney from India. He was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize in 1996 for his legal work against pollution-causing industries. He received the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Asia for Public Service in 1997. The Government of India awarded him the civilian honour of the Padma Shri in 2016. + += = = Dairy farming = = = +Dairy farming is a type of agriculture that is focused on producing milk. This is different from raising animals to produce meat. Milk can be used to produce dairy products, including cheese. Species commonly used are cows (so-called dairy cows), but goats, sheep and camels are also used. Sometimes donkeys are used to produce an alternative to cows' milk for babies. Some babies can digest donkeys' milk better than cows' milk. +Producing milk has been part of farming since prehistoric times. In the 20th century, farmers have become more specialized. Some farmers started with farms that only produce milk. + += = = Mambru Went to War = = = +Mambru Went to War ("Mambrú se fue a la guerra" in Spanish) is a 1986 Spanish dramatic-black comedy movie. Fernando Fernán Gómez both directed and starred in the movie. +Plot. +The news of the death of Francisco Franco has special meaning to the family of Florentina. The family includes her daughter Encarna, her son Hilario, and her grandchildren Juanita and Manolín. At the same time, Florentina tells the rest of the family that her husband Emiliano is still alive. He was thought to have died in the Spanish Civil War. He actually spent the time hidden at their family home. + += = = Binn = = = +Binn (Walliser German: "Bìi") is a municipality of the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +The Binn valley is known for its rich mineral deposits, some types of which are unique to the area. The notable Lengenbach Quarry is in Binn. + += = = Blitzingen = = = +Blitzingen was a municipality, in the new municipality of Goms and the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +Villages. +Bodme, Wiler, Ammern, Gadmen and Blitzingen. + += = = The Many Adventures of Mr. Mailman = = = +The Many Adventures of Mr. Mailman is an American-British television series is an Sprout from July 3, 2006 until December 20, 2010. which premiered on United States on Sprout on July 3, 2006. as postman vehicle most Sprout shows, as an Sprout-programming block. Similar to Roary the Racing Car, Mopatop's Shop, Fifi and the Flowertots and Driver Dan's Story Train on Sprout. The Many Adventures of Mr. Mailman is a vehicle postman car post for children in the 2006 year old age group. The series uses postman mail carrier vehicle and car to bus, car, postman car and police car. +This is stills channels on United States on Sprout on July 3, 2006. +Characters. +Mr. Mailman. +Mr. Mailman is a postman. +Yr. Police. +Yr. Police is a police car. + += = = Ukraine International Airlines = = = +Ukraine International Airlines is the flag carrier of Ukraine. The airline began in 1992, after Ukraine became an independent country from the Soviet Union. It started flying cargo in 1994. It flies mostly Boeing 737 airplanes. It goes from Ukraine to Europe, Asia, the Middle East and Commonwealth of Independent States. 74% of the airline owned by Ukraine and 26% is owned by Cyprus. + += = = MAX Linux = = = +MaX: Madrid_Linux is an operating system of the Ministry of Education and Employment of the Community of Madrid, specially adapted for using it in primary and secondary schools, due to its simplicity, robustness and included data collection software. +Even the second version was based on Knoppix, a distribution based on Debian GNU/Linux. The current version of MaX (MaX 9.5, is based on Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS) is specially designed for using it in the educational environment as a system for teacher or student. However, it can also be used by the users of personal computers. In addition, it comes ready to be installed and used, and is equipped with multimedia and variety of programs on three desktops: GNOME, KDE and Xfce. In any case, it can be fully used in "live" mode, that is to say, directly from the DVD without having it installed on the hard disk. +Its explicit are: +Installation and users. +The installation disc is a DVD that can be used "en vivo" (live) before installing MaX on the hard disk, that is to say, from the DVD drive. Besides, even if the opposite is claimed, these programs can be installed if the computer has the access to the Internet, so that you can test the applications that do not come installed on the live system. There is yet another way to use live MaX version installed accessibility. In the guide mentioned before installation you can find a lot of useful information about the facilities. +On the other hand, the installation for desktop MaX is even easier than Ubuntu, because a username is needed. All versions of MaX always have two users incorporated: "student" and "Madrid". The first is intended, of course, for students, and has fewer privileges on the system that the user "Madrid has", but this is not the root user or system administrator. In short, when entering the "Madrid" system,the user has to type his or her username and "cmadrid" (the letter ce + "madrid") and password. This has always been so in MaX, but you can change passwords once inside the system, and can also create new users, for those who have to choose the privileges they have. What I have done from the beginning was to stay as the user "madrid", and whenever you need to get access as an administrator, click "cmadrid" password, which is also the root. +The desktop. +MaX desktop is highlighted with a bright blue background and a rounded image resembling the terrestrial sphere. This is the "GNOME" desktop, which MaX used as principal, but you can login with the other two desktops: "KDE" and "XFace". This requires logout (not restart) and re-enter after choosing another desk in the "Session menu", which is done in seconds. But the three desks maintain the same background and the panel bar at the bottom of the screen. In addition, programs are the same in all three desks, with some changes that depend on the chosen desktop. Actually, it could be using a desk with other programs. +Programs. +The programs that MaX Linux contains are distributed as follows: + += = = Nouvelle cuisine = = = +Nouvelle cuisine (French, "new cuisine") is an approach to cooking and food presentation in French cuisine. In contrast to the older haute cuisine, nouvelle cuisine has lighter, more delicate dishes, and pretty presentation. It started in Paris in the 1970s, and by the 1980s was seen in London and New York. The movement is now almost worldwide. +The reasons are connected with modern business life, where long two-hour lunches are a thing of the past. Also, customers began to look for lighter food menus. Food critics Henri Gault and his colleagues André Gayot and Christian Millau put out a new restaurant guide, the "Gault-Millau", or "Le Nouveau Guide". +Gault and Millau listed ten characteristics of this new style of cooking. They were: +History. +However, the term "nouvelle cuisine" has been used several times in the history of French cuisine. +In the 1730s and 1740s, several French writers emphasized their break with tradition. They called their cooking "modern" or "new". In 1742 Menon introduced the term "nouvelle cuisine" as the title of the third volume of his "Nouveau traité". François Marin worked in the same tradition. +In the 1880s and 1890s, the cooking of Georges Auguste Escoffier was sometimes described as "nouvelle cuisine". + += = = Afonso Africano (epic poem) = = = +Afonso Africano is an epic poem by Portuguese poet Vasco Mouzinho de Quevedo e Castelo Branco. It was first published in 1611. It is composed of twelve cantos. It is written in ottava rima which in Portugal is known as oitava rima. This stanza is made up of eight lines and rhymes abababcc. The same was earlier used by Luís de Camões in his Lusiads. Vasco Mouzinho de Quevedo's poem narrates about Portuguese king Afonso who was called The African. In the poem his expedition to Morocco, the war and the sieges of Arzilla and Tanger are described. The first stanza is typical for Renaissance epic poems. + += = = Sumitra Mahajan = = = +Sumitra Mahajan (born 12 April 1943) is an Indian politician and 16th Speaker of the Lok Sabha from 5 June 2014 to 19 June 2019. She is a member of the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party.In 2014 she got elected 8 times and she is currently the longest serving women member. She also served as the Union Minister. Sumitra Mahajan is the second longest serving women speaker after Meira Kumar. +Sumitra Mahajan was born in Chitpavan Brahmin family in Chiplun, Maharashtra on 11 April 1943. She married Jayant Mahajan of Indore. She received MA and LLB after marriage from the Indore University. +Sumitra became the first Indian women to represent the same Lok sabha constituency on the same party eight times in a row.Her record was included in the LIMCA book. + += = = Kingdom of Galicia = = = +The Kingdom of Galicia (; ; ; ) was a political entity (a state) in southwestern Europe. +Galicia was part of the Kingdom of the Spanish Visigoths from 585 to 711. In the 8th century Galicia became a part of the newly founded Christian kingdoms of the northwest of the peninsula, Asturias and León. Sometimes it got independence under its own kings. +Compostela became capital of Galicia in the 11th century. The independence of Portugal (1128) made its southern boundary. The accession of the Castilian King Ferdinand III to the Leonese kingdom in 1230 brought Galicia under the control of the Crown of Castile. The kingdom of Galicia was now a political division in the larger realm. + += = = Sikandar Lodi = = = +Sikandar Lodi was the Sultan of Delhi and second ruler of the Lodi dynasty after Bahlul Lodi. He was the most successful sultan of the Lodi dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. Sikandar Lodi ruled the sultanate from 17 July 1489 to 21 November 1517. +Sikandar Lodi was born to the first sultan of the Lodi dynasty Bahlul Lodi and Bibi Ambha, daughter of a Hindu goldsmith, in 1458.After he became the ruler he proved that he is an ablest ruler. He encouraged trade across his territories. He conquered Gwalior from the Rajputs in 1490 and Bihar from the rebellious Afghan chiefs in the region. +Sikandar Lodi constructed the present day city of Agra. He wrote Persian poetry using the pen name "Gulrukhi". Sikandar enlarged his territories in his sultanate that extended from the region of Punjab to Bengal and the territories between River Satluj and Bundelkhand region. +He died on November 21 1517 and was buried in the Lodi Gardens located in Delhi. + += = = Talca Province = = = +Talca Province () is one of four provinces of the central Chilean region of Maule (VII). Its capital and the largest city is Talca. +Geography. +The Talca province has an area of , the second largest province, after the Linares province, in the Maule region. The provincial capital, Talca, is about south of Santiago. +The province is bordered to the north by the Curicó province, to the east by Argentina, to the south by the Linares and the Cauquenes provinces and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. +Population. + (last national census), there were 352,966 people living in the province, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km2. The urban population was 266,742 persons ( of the total). +The largest city of the province is Talca, its capital, with a population, in 2002, of 189,505. +Administration. +As a province, Talca is a second-level administrative division, consisting of 10 communes ("comunas"). The city of Talca serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor. + += = = Gertrude Bell = = = +Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell CBE (14 July 1868 – 12 July 1926) was a British archaeologist, traveller, and diplomat. +She explored and mapped countries in the Middle East. She influenced British imperial policy-making with her knowledge and contacts. Bell travelled mainly in Greater Syria, Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, and Arabia. +Early life. +Gertrude's father was Hugh Bell (later Sir Hugh Bell, 2nd Baronet). Gertrude Bell was the oldest of her father's five children, and his only daughter. Gertrude's mother was Bell's first wife, Mary. Theirs was a rich family. Hugh Bell worked in the iron industry, and his own father had been the industrialist Sir Isaac Lowthian Bell, 1st Baronet. +Gertrude Bell grew up at Red Barns, her father's house near Redcar in County Durham. Gertrude's mother Mary Bell died in 1871, after she gave birth to her son Maurice. Mary's death made Gertrude unhappy but also made her more independent. She had a close connection with her father. He married Gertrude's step-mother Florence Olliffe in 1876, and together they had Gertrude's three step-siblings: Hugh Lowthian; Florence Elsa; and Mary Katharine. Gertrude was very good at all kinds of things: she was good at sport, she was good at school, and she was funny and clever in conversation. Her school was Queen's College, London. In April 1886, Bell started studying at Lady Margaret Hall (a college of the University of Oxford). She studied for seven hours every day and did all kinds of sports. She was friends with Janet E. Courtney (then Janet Hogarth) and Edith Langridge. Bell graduated in 1888, with a first-class bachelor's degree in Modern History. After this she went on a tour of Europe. +Bell was in Bucharest in 1888 and 1889, where she lived with Frank Lascelles: he was the brother-in-law of Bell's stepmother Florence. Lascelles was the British diplomatic representative in the Kingdom of Romania. There Bell met Valentine Chirol, the journalist for "The Times" in the area. Through Chirol, Bell met Charles Hardinge and started to learn about diplomacy between the Great Powers. Bell returned to Britain in 1899, after first going to Constantinople. For three years she did charity work and was part of the London "season" in the summers. + += = = Orchard Island, Ohio = = = +Orchard Island is an unincorporated community and tourist area located in Washington and Stokes townships, Logan County, Ohio, United States. Orchard Island is part of an island chain which includes the southeastern shore of Indian Lake, north of Russells Point. Orchard Island is the largest of the nearby islands. These include Wolfe, Fox, Willow Bank, and Crystal Beach. + += = = Ernen = = = +Ernen (Walliser German: "Ärne", ) is a municipality in the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2005, the former municipalities of Ausserbinn, Ernen, Mühlebach and Steinhaus merged into the municipality of Ernen. +In 1997, Ernen was awarded the Wakker Prize for the preservation of its architectural heritage. + += = = Theory of mind = = = +Theory of mind is the ability to understand that other people have their own minds with their personal state of knowledge, their personal beliefs, wishes and intentions, and that these may differ from one's own mind. Autistic people typically show an impaired ability to recognize other people's minds. They experience difficulties with explaining and predicting other people’s behaviour. This leads to problems in social communication and interaction. Children on the autistic spectrum usually develop the theory of mind more slowly than other children. They have difficulties with it throughout their lives. However, autistic people's performance on theory of mind tasks varies. +For testing whether someone lacks the theory of mind, the "Sally-Anne" test is performed. The child sees the following story: Sally and Anne are playing. Sally puts her ball into a basket and leaves the room. While Sally is gone, Anne moves the ball from the basket to the box. Now Sally returns. The question is: where will Sally look for her ball? The test is passed, if the child correctly assumes that Sally will look in the basket. The test is failed if the child thinks that Sally will look in the box. Children below the age of four as well as older autistic children typically fail this test. + += = = Fiesch = = = +Fiesch is a municipality in Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It is at the foot of the Eggishorn mountain. +Fiesch has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its view of the Jungfrau-Aletsch Protected Area. + += = = Fieschertal = = = +Fieschertal is a village and municipality in the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Grafschaft = = = +Grafschaft was a municipality of the district Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2001, the former municipalities of Biel, Ritzingen and Selkingen merged into the municipality of Grafschaft and On 1 January 2017, the former municipalities of Grafschaft, Blitzingen, Münster-Geschinen, Niederwald and Reckingen-Gluringen merged into the new municipality of Goms. + += = = Lax, Switzerland = = = +Lax is a municipality of the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Niederwald, Switzerland = = = +Niederwald was a municipality, in the new municipality of Goms and the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Secession in the United States = = = +Secession in the United States refers mainly to state secession. It applies to the outbreak of the American Civil War when on December 20, 1860, South Carolina officially declared their secession from the United States. It was followed four months later by the states of Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas and Louisiana. These initial seven seceding states formed the Confederate States of America based in Montgomery, Alabama. Then, on April 12, 1861, hostilities began at Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina. After this, the states of Virginia (except the northwestern counties), Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina joined the Confederacy. The capital was then moved Richmond, Virginia. The Northern and Border states remained with the Union. +History. +In 1860, secession was not a new threat. It had been discussed as early as 1776 when the Continental Congress wanted to tax all of the colonies based on a population count that included slaves. South Carolina threatened to separate themselves from the other 12 colonies over the issue. From then until the outbreak of the American Civil War, anytime a minority sectional dispute came up (often over slavery) the threat of secession would be used. It was a matter of concern when the Constitutional Convention met in 1787 in Philadelphia. Secession was closely tied to the thinking of members of the Whig party. Their thinking was that rebellion (such as in 1776) was a right of a state against any form of despotic government. +When the South seceded in 1860-61, one argument was that in 1776, when the thirteen Colonies rebelled against Great Britain, it was a secession. Others argued the two situations were very different. The thirteen colonies revolted against Great Britain, they did not secede from it. What resulted was the American Revolutionary War. It can also be argued that the Southern states were revolting against the Union. Each of the colonies was regarding itself as a sovereign state and was waging a war of independence in cooperation with twelve other sovereign nations. +Reasons for secession. +Following the war, scholars disagreed on what caused the Civil War. The disagreements still go on today. Many said that slavery was the main cause of the war. The Southern states wanted to continue it while the Northern states wanted to stop it. Others say slavery was not the main issue. They point to states' rights and taxation as leading causes. +Each state that seceded wrote an "Article of Secession" formally declaring they were leaving the Union. Four states, Texas, Mississippi, Georgia and South Carolina, added a "Declarations of Causes." These were written to explain the reasons for leaving in more detail. +Georgia. +Georgia gave the following reasons why they were dissolving their connections to the United States. These included: +Mississippi. +In their declaration of causes, Mississippi wrote that slavery was necessary for their commerce. They added, only the black man can work in our hot climate. The North gives us only two choice: either abolishing slavery and suffering complete ruin or seceding from the Union. Included in their reasons were: +South Carolina. +South Carolina gave its reasons for seceding in its Declaration of Immediate Causes which was adopted on 24 December 1860. The reasons included: +Texas. +Texas became a state on December 29, 1845 with the assurances of becoming an equal state in the Union and was accepted with her own constitution. That constitution protected and maintained the institution known as slavery. Texas gave up a being a sovereign country to join the United States to promote the welfare, security and liberty of her people. Her declaration of causes included: + += = = Curicó Province = = = +Curicó Province () is one of four provinces of the central Chilean region of Maule (VII). Its capital and largest city is Curicó. +Geography. +The Curicó province has an area of , the third largest province in the Maule region. The provincial capital, Curicó, is about south of Santiago. +The province is bordered to the northwest by the Cardenal Caro province (O'Higgins region), to the north by the Colchagua province (O'Higgins region), to the east by Argentina, to the south by the Talca provinces and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. +Population. + (last national census), there were 244,053 people living in the province, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km2. The urban population was 157,876 persons ( of the total). +The largest city of the province is Curicó, its capital, with a population, in 2002, of 93,447. +Administration. +As a province, Curicó is a second-level administrative division, consisting of 9 communes ("comunas"). The city of Curicó serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor. + += = = My Own Prison = = = +My Own Prison is the first studio album by Creed. The album was released on August 26, 1997 through Wind-up Records. It reached multiple platinum sales. + += = = Magnús Scheving = = = +Magnús Örn Eyjólfsson Scheving (born 10 November 1964) is an Icelandic writer, actor, producer, entrepreneur, and athlete. He is the creator, CEO & Co-founder of Lazytown Entertainment, from which he is the creator and co-star of the children's television show "LazyTown", in which he starred as Sportacus. + += = = ISIPCA = = = +Institut supérieur international du parfum, de la cosmétique et de l'aromatique alimentaire (ISIPCA) is a renowned graduate cosmetics school in France. It is in a campus of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Northern France). +Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees : +Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. +Research labs. +Research activities at ISIPCA relate to the following topics: + += = = South African Border War = = = +The South African Border War refers to the conflict that took place from 1966 to 1990 primarily in South West Africa (now Namibia) between South Africa on one side and the South-West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) and its allies on the other. +The roots of the conflict can be traced back to World War I, when South Africa invaded and conquered the colony of German South West Africa on behalf of the British Empire and the other Allies of World War I. In the aftermath of the German defeat, the League of Nations awarded South Africa a mandate to administer the territory until its inhabitants were ready to govern themselves. +Following World War II, South Africa refused to surrender South West Africa to a proposed United Nations Trusteeship agreement and instead requested the right to annex it as a fifth province. Steps were taken to integrate South-West Africa into South Africa, including giving the local white population the right to elect representatives to the Parliament of South Africa. +In 1962, SWAPO was formed to resist South African rule and petition for South West African independence. With support from the Soviet Union, SWAPO began training guerrillas and from 1966 onwards frequently clashed with the South African police and army. The war entered a new phase in 1975, when Angola gained independence and its new communist government began providing support to the guerrillas. South African troops launched raids into Angola to destroy SWAPO bases, which led to battles with the Angolan army. Cuba, which had sent troops to bolster the Angolan government, was directly involved in some of these battles. +In 1988, South Africa, Angola, and Cuba signed a Tripartite Accord committing them to peace. Cuba agreed to withdraw from Angola if South Africa withdrew from South West Africa and granted that territory independence. South-West Africa gained independence as Namibia in early 1990. + += = = Lindisfarne Castle = = = +Lindisfarne Castle is a castle on Holy Island, near Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland, England. The island is accessible from the mainland at low tide by means of a causeway. A fort was built here in 1550 during the time of Henry VIII. About 20 years later it was replaced by a stone fortress. It was abandoned in 1893 and afterwards used as a lookout by the Coastguard. In 1903, repair work started to change the fortress into a home by the new owner, Edward Hudson. In 1944, it was donated to the National Trust. + += = = Curicó = = = +Curicó is a Chilean city and commune in the Maule Region, in the Chilean Central Valley. Curicó is the capital city of the province of Curicó. +Curicó means, in Mapudungun, "Land of Black Water". +History. +Curicó was founded on 9 October 1743 by José Manso de Velasco when Chile was a Spanish colony with the name "San José de Buena Vista". +In 1747, the Governor Juan Manuel de Rosas moved the city about to the north, where it is now on the foot of the Buena Vista hill (now called "Cerro Condell"), because the original place was too humid. +Curicó got the title of "city" in 1830. The city was destroyed by an earthquake in 1928 and rebuilt during the following year. It was badly damaged in the earthquake of February 2010. +Population. + (last national census), there were 119,585 people living in the commune, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km2. The urban population was 100,506 persons ( of the total). +The people from Curicó are called "Curican" (in Spanish: "Curicanos" for men and "Curicanas" for women). +Geography. +The commune has an area of and the city proper, . +The city of Curicó is at south of Santiago and . +The rivers Guaiquillo and Mataquito are the main rivers that flow through the commune. Most of the territory of the commune is within the central plain ("Valle Central de Chile"). The valley is between low mountains to the west and east. +The commune of Curicó is bordered on the west by Rauco; on the north by Teno; on the east, by Romeral, and on the south, by Molina and Sagrada Familia. +Climate. +The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Curicó is a "dry-summer subtropical climate" (also known as Mediterranean Climate) and of the subtype "Csb". +The average amount of precipitation for the year in Curicó is . The month with the most precipitation on average is July with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is January with an average of . +The average temperature for the year in Curicó is . The warmest month, on average, is January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is July, with an average temperature of . +Economy. +The city's economy is based mainly on agriculture, because the Mediterranean climate creates comparative advantages with markets such as apples, wines, and cherries. + += = = Vasco Mouzinho de Quevedo = = = +Vasco Mouzinho de Quevedo (or Quebedo, 16th/17th century) was a Portuguese poet. Little is known about his personal life. He studied law at the University of Coimbra. He wrote lyrical poems, for example sonnets, but is best known fo his epic works. One of them is "Discurso sobre a Vida e Morte de Santa Isabel Rainha de Portugal" that was published in Lisbon in 1596. The greatest work by the poet is Afonso Africano, an epic poem in ottava rima (1611). + += = = Lyudmila Pavlichenko = = = +Lyudimila Mykhailivna Pavlichenko (12 July 1916 10 October 1974 was a Soviet sniper. She shot German soldiers in World War 2. She was one of the top military snipers of all time, and is credited with 309 kills. She was the most successful female sniper in history. + += = = Institut des sciences et techniques des Yvelines = = = +Institut des sciences et techniques des Yvelines (ISTY) is a graduate engineering school in France. It is in a campus of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Northern France). +Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degree : +Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. +Research labs. +Research activities at ISTY relate to the following topics: + += = = 2016 clown sightings = = = +The 2016 clown sightings are reports of people dressed up as evil clowns scaring and stalking passersby, such as near forests and schools. and other clown-related businesses have been affected. This was a case of mass hysteria with some marketing and a lot of social media. +In 2013, the fad started when a "creepy clown" known as the Wasco Clown started stalking people and causing terror in the entire town since around September or October 2013. +Maine. +A clown was in Orono standing in a neighborhood for 15 minutes. Other towns reported seeing clowns. + += = = Trident = = = +A trident is a three-pronged spear. It is used for spearfishing. Historically it was used as a polearm. Gladiators used them in Ancient Rome after they cast a net to trap their opponent. The trident is the weapon of Poseidon, or Neptune, the god of the sea in classical mythology. In Hindu mythology it is the weapon of Shiva, known as "trishula" (Sanskrit for "triple-spear"). The word "trident" comes from the French word "trident", which in turn comes from the Latin word "tridens". + += = = Mary Anna Custis Lee = = = +Mary Anna Randolph Custis Lee (1 October 1808 – 5 November 1873) was the wife of Confederate Army military officer Robert E. Lee. She was also his third cousin. They married at her parents' home, and had seven children together. +Life. +She was born in Clarke County, Virginia on 1 October 1808; although her birth appears in the Custis family Bible and in records kept by her mother to have happened in 1807. She was born at the Annefield plantation when her mother's coach stopped there during a journey. She was well educated, having learned both Latin and Greek. +She liked talking about politics with her father and later her husband. She kept current with all the new literature. After her father died, she edited and published his writings as "Recollections and Private Memoirs of Washington, by his adopted son George Washington Parke Custis, with a Memoir of this Author by his Daughter" in 1859. +She was a small but spirited woman. She knew her third cousin, Robert E. Lee, since childhood. She also dated Governor of Texas, Sam Houston. +Mary and Robert were married at her parents' home, Arlington House, on 30 June 1831. They had three sons and four daughters together: George Washington Custis "Custis", William H. Fitzhugh "Rooney", Robert Edward Jr., Mary, Eleanor Agnes (called Agnes), Anne, and Mildred Lee. +When the American Civil War began, her husband Robert and their sons were all called to service in Virginia. She didn't evacuate her home until 15 May 1861. Robert wrote to his wife saying: +War is inevitable, and there is no telling when it will burst around you . . . You have to move and make arrangements to go to some point of safety which you must select. The Mount Vernon plate and pictures ought to be secured. Keep quiet while you remain, and in your preparations . . . May God keep and preserve you and have mercy on all our people. +After the war, the Lees lived in Powhatan County for a short time before moving to Lexington. Robert E. Lee would become the president of the Washington College. Mary Anna Custis Lee visited her old home, the Arlington House, one last time in 1873.She hardly recognized the estate except for a few old oaks and some of the trees that she and Robert had planted. +She eventually got severe rheumatoid arthritis. Mary Anna Custis Lee died at 66 years old. She is buried next to her husband at the Lee family crypt at Lee Chapel on the campus of Washington and Lee University. + += = = Fred Hampton = = = +Fred Hampton was a member of the Black Panther Party (BPP) in Chicago, Illinois. He was the chairman of the Illinois chapter of the BBP and the deputy chairman of the national BPP. He is mainly known for the way he died in 1969, aged 21. His apartment was raided on December 4th. In a gun battle lasting 20 minutes, Hampton was shot. Mark Clark, was also killed and four other Panthers were wounded. In spite of a ballistics report that showed the 14 police officers fired almost all the bullets in the raid, a grand jury failed to indict anyone. Hampton’s family later filed a civil suit, eventually winning the case with a $1.8 million settlement. The background and events of Hampton's death have been made into several documentary movies. + += = = Patrick De Lacey = = = +Captain Patrick DeLacy (November 25, 1835 – April 27, 1915) was an American soldier. He fought in the American Civil War. DeLacy received the Medal of Honor. It is the United States highest award for bravery in combat. He got the medal for his action during the Battle of the Wilderness in Virginia on 6 May 1864. He was given the award on 24 April 1894. +Biography. +DeLacy was born in Carbondale, Pennsylvania on 25 November 1835. He enlisted into the 143rd Pennsylvania Infantry. He was promoted from private to sergeant major to lieutenant before he got out of the army in June, 1865. He was promoted to the rank of Captain after he died and after the war on June 8, 1987. This was due to the work of Elizabeth Hicks Jaquinot. He died on 27 April 1915 and his remains are interred at Saint Catherine's Cemetery in Moscow, Pennsylvania. He got his Medal of Honor on 6 May 1864 when he shot a Confederate color bearer and took the flag of the 1st South Carolina Infantry regiment. + += = = Norman F. Bates = = = +Norman Francis Bates (November 6, 1839 - October 16, 1915) was an American soldier. He got the Medal of Honor for valor during the American Civil War. The Medal of Honor is the highest military award of the United States. +Biography. +Bates served in the American Civil War. He was in the 4th Iowa Cavalry for the Union Army. He got the Medal of Honor on June 17, 1865 for his actions at Columbus, Georgia. +Medal of Honor citation. +Citation: +Capture of flag and bearer + += = = Carbondale, Pennsylvania = = = +Carbondale is a city in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania. Carbondale is located in Northeastern Pennsylvania. It is about 15 miles northeast of Scranton. The population was 8,828 at the 2020 census. +The land area that became Carbondale was developed by William and Maurice Wurts. They were the founders of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company. The company mined anthracite coal mining in the early 19th century. Carbondale was the site of the first deep vein anthracite coal mine in the United States. It was also a major terminal of the Delaware and Hudson Railroad. + += = = States' rights = = = +States' rights is a belief found in the United States Constitution in which some rights are reserved for state governments and may not be changed by the federal government. They are also protected by the Tenth Amendment as part of the Bill of Rights. The discussion over states' rights is the oldest constitutional debate in the United States. People are still debating about it. +History. +States' rights, meaning the sovereignty and independence of individual US states, was guaranteed in the Articles of Confederation, the precursor to the US Constitution. It stated that the individual states "hereby severally enter into a firm league of friendship with each other, for their common defense, the security of their liberties, and their mutual and general welfare". The articles created a weak central government with most of the power being kept by the individual states. Within a short time, it was realized that a stronger central government and a constitution was needed. +States' rights were debated at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787. The question was the main point of debates between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists while the Constitution was being ratified. +Fueled mainly by the issue of slavery, the question came up during the 1820s and the 1830s, when the United States was expanding westward. Southern states wanted the new territories to allow slavery. Northern states wanted the territory to be free of slavery. As the North's economy grew and the South's economy stalled, the two began moving farther apart on the issue. By the 1840s and 1850s, both had adopted extreme positions, which were based on the morality of slavery and economic self-interests. As long as both North and South had equal representation in the US Senate, neither side could dictate to the other. However, with each new state applying for statehood, the balance of power was threatened. In the 1850s, the issue of secession was raised again. The South made the argument was that when it agreed to join the United States in the late 1780s, it kept the power to cancel the agreement. South Carolina threatened to secede unless the Senate passed a constitutional amendment to give the South “the power she possessed of protecting herself before the equilibrium of the two sections was destroyed.” +Several peaceful attempts were made to find a compromise. The Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, and the 1854 Kansas–Nebraska Act were aimed at reaching a compromises. However, only the Fugitive Slave Act clearly benefited the South. Northerners bitterly resented the law, which made citizens responsible for catching runaway slaves and returning them to their masters. +Southern states' rights. +While many people believe that the Civil War was about states' rights, not slavery, the Southern states were in favor of states' rights for themselves, not for all states. They did not favor states' rights for new states joining the Union on the question of slavery. They wanted the federal government to decide that all news states would allow slavery. That can be seen in the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793, the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and the 1850 Compromise. All oth themwere designed to force the Northern states to accept slavery in the territories. +In December 1835, Representative James Hammond of South Carolina proposed the House of Representatives force a gag rule against any member who brought up anti-slavery petitions. It was referred to a committee, which decided the gag order should go into effect for anything regarding slavery. House Speaker James Polk of Tennessee referred the issue to a special committee. The committee chairman was Henry L. Pinckney of South Carolina, who decided that any issue regarding slavery should be tabled without discussion permanently. John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts objected but was outvoted. He fought against the gag rule for the next four Congresses. Each session, he brought up the issue until December 3, 1844, wen the gag rule was finally overturned. +Bleeding Kansas was another case of Southerners fighting against states' rights. Most settlers came to Kansas from North. They were not interested in the conflict over slavery but wanted only to create farms and to live in peace. Kansas was on the border with Missouri, a slave state. Many Missourians were driven to believe that all settlers in Kansas were "negro thieves" and abolitionists. Missourians believed that they had to defend slavery, attacked Kansas communities across the border, and killed or drove out Kansas settlers who were against slavery. Abolutionists also came to Kansas to make sure that it would vote to become a free state. That turned Kansas into a battleground. +Northern states' rights. +Many in the North were in favor of states determining their own course, but when it came to slavery, there was a considerable anti-slavery political faction at work in the North. Many in New England had grown wealthy in the slave trade before it was banned, but that part of the North had become a center for abolitionist movements. Beginning in the 1830s, Northern churches and politicians became prominent in the movement. That contributed to the resentment felt by Southerners. Abolitionists took a hard line against slavery, wanted all slaves freed and to end racial segregation immeduately everywhere in the country. Other groups in the North, notably the Free Soil Party, the wanted to end slavery in the new western territories but for different reasons. They had no slaves themselves, but most were prejudiced against black people and believed the popular idea at the time that blacks were inferior. They wanted the new lands to be for whites only. Southern slaveholders saw no real difference between the two groups and but only that both were against slavery. +American Civil War. +During the American Civil War, the struggle over states' rights was between the individual Southern states and the federal government over who ultimately had the political power. Some historians argue slavery was the man cause of the war, and others say states' rights was the cause, but both issues were very closely connected. At issue was whether the federal government could regulate or even end slavery within the terrritories. There were other factors that divided the country between Southern slaveholding states and Northern industrial states. The South saw the institution of slavery as necessary to its economy and its way of life. Even Southern churches supported slavery when Northern churches saw the ownership of another person as an abomination. +Those who defended Southern states' rights pointed to the Tenth Amendment: +The Constitution did not even mention the word "slave". The framers of the Constitution, many of them slave owners, wanted to avoid the problem at the federal level. The only reference was to the three-fifths rule, which counted three-fifths of a state's slave population which gave a state extra representation, extra votes in the Electoral College, and an increase in its direct taxes. There, the text said not "slaves" but used the expression "all other persons" to mean the same thing. +On March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln gave his first inaugural address as part of his being sworn in as 16th President of the United States. The speech was addressed primarily to South ern states and was intended to lay out his intended policies and desires toward the South. There, seven states had formed the Confederate States of America. His speech was written in a spirit of friendship toward the seceded states. +He touched on several points. Lincoln promised not to interfere with slavery in the states in which it already existed. He said that there would be no federal hostility for the time being towards the states that had seceded . He said, however, that the US government would “hold, occupy, and possess” its property and that it would also collect its taxes. He closed his speech with a warning: +By 1863, two years into the war, Lincoln had changed the focus of the war to slavery and issued the Emancipation Proclamation. It made freeing the slaves a goal of the Civil War. It also weakened Confederate efforts to get help from the United Kingdom and France, which had thought about officially recognizing the Confederacy. As Union troops advanced into Confederate territory, they freed thousands of slaves per day. Manyof them did not wait for the troops but fled their owners to claim their freedom. Five slave states, called the border states, had remained loyal to the Union and were not at war with the federal government. Thus, Lincoln did not have authority to free slaves in those states and so the Proclamation was not applied to those states. The Proclamation also did not apply to Tennessee and to areas within Virginia and Louisiana that Union forces already controlled. +The Thirteenth Amendment, passed on December 6, 1865, abolished slavery in all of the United States and gave Congress the power to enforce it. +Supreme Court cases. +The following Supreme Court decisions had to do with states' rights. Some of them were later overturned. + += = = Mk 19 grenade launcher = = = +The Mk 19 (or Mark 19) is a grenade machine gun capable of firing one grenade every second at a maximum range of . The Mk 19 fires 40mm grenades at a rate of 325-375 rounds per minute (rpm). It has a maximum effective range of . It was originally used by the U.S. Navy in Vietnam for river patrol boats. Later it was adopted and improved upon by the U.S. Army. It is a man portable crew-served weapon that can fire from a mounted position. It also fires from a vehicle mounted position (this is the preferred method since the weapon alone weighs ). The ammunition comes in 32 or 48 round ammunition boxes weighing and . + += = = Lampeter = = = +Lampeter (), also known locally as "Llambed", is a town and community in Ceredigion, Wales. In 2011, it had a population of 2,970 people. It is the United Kingdom's smallest university town. +Its population makes it Ceredigion's third-largest settlement, after Aberystwyth and Cardigan. +The town's Welsh name "Pont Steffan" means "Stephen's Bridge". +Lampeter is best known as being the founding place of the Free Wales Army, a paramilitary organisation that wanted independence for Wales. +Twinning. +Lampeter is twinned with: + += = = Obergesteln = = = +Obergesteln is a village and former municipality in the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Obergesteln, Oberwald and Ulrichen merged into the new municipality of Obergoms. + += = = Oberwald = = = +Oberwald is a village and former municipality of the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Oberwald, Obergesteln and Ulrichen merged into the new municipality of Obergoms. + += = = Champex-Lac = = = +Champex-Lac or Champex is a village of the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +Champex-Lac is in the municipality of Orsières. +Champex is also a small ski-resort. + += = = Scripting language = = = +A scripting or script language is a programming language that supports scripts. Scripts are usually short computer programs that do steps that could be done one at a time by a person. This automates a job to make it easier and more reliable. A scripting language is often a simpler language, and easier to learn than other languages, but still can do many things. +Scripts may run inside of another program, like in a web browser or Microsoft Excel. They may also be a "shell" that runs from a command line interface and makes calls to the operating system (OS). The shell is considered "interactive" - the user can choose what to type, and the shell responds to the command. These can be used to control jobs on mainframes and servers. +Some people say a scripting language must be tied to a specific use. Others use a wider definition and include general-purpose programming languages that are interpreted, not compiled. "General-purpose" means it can be used in many ways for different things. Some general-purpose languages (such as Java) have variations that can be scripted . There is no specific rule on what is, or is not, a scripting language. +Examples. +Some common examples of scripting languages: +Characteristics. +Most scripting languages are made to be easy to learn. They often can be either short files with source code, or entered one command at a time in a command line interface, which has a read–eval–print loop (REPL, language shell). This usually means a simple set of commands. There might not be functions or a "main", it just runs from start to finish. If something doesn't work, a programmer can make quick changes and run it again. This makes a scripting language good for making a "rapid prototype" to see if an idea works. +For example, most people do not call Java a scripting language, because of its lengthy syntax and rules about which classes exist in which files, and because Java cannot be executed interactively in a REPL. It needs files with source code, and they can only contain definitions that must be used by a host application or application launcher. (Java is not the same as JavaScript). +But Python allows choices - functions can be put in a file, it can be run without functions and use imperative programming style, or even use it interactively (type and run one line at a time). +codice_1 +This one line of Python code prints "Hello World"; no "main()" function or anything else is needed. +A scripting language is usually interpreted from source code or bytecode. However, something has to run the script (interpret it) so the computer understands it. This is an application, or something in the OS. That is often written in a compiled language and distributed in machine code form (as an "executable" that doesn't make sense to humans). +Scripting languages may be designed to be used by the people using a program — end-user development. Other times they may be built by programmers for their own use. Scripting languages often use abstraction, a form of information hiding. This means users do not need to know the details of variable types, data storage, and memory management. +Scripts are often made or changed by the person executing them, but some are shared or sold to others. For example, when large parts of games are written in a scripting language. Sometimes a script can be compiled before others use it. Once compiled, it will run faster and doesn't need another application to run it. And this prevents end users from changing the code. +History. +Early mainframe computers (in the 1950s) were not interactive, but used scripts stored in "batch files". IBM's Job Control Language (JCL) is the common example of a scripting language used to control batch processing. +The first interactive shells were made in the 1960s to help remote operation of the first time-sharing systems. These used shell scripts, which can run computer programs within a computer program, the shell. Calvin Mooers in his TRAC language is generally given credit with inventing "command substitution". This lets commands change the script (self-modifying code). Multics calls these "active functions". Louis Pouzin wrote an early processor for command scripts called RUNCOM for CTSS around 1964. Stuart Madnick at MIT wrote a scripting language for IBM's CP/CMS in 1966. He originally called this processor COMMAND, later named EXEC. Multics included an offshoot of CTSS RUNCOM, also called RUNCOM. EXEC was eventually replaced by EXEC 2 and REXX. +Languages such as Tcl and Lua were made from the start to be general-purpose scripting languages that could be put into any application. Other languages such as Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) could do much of the same, but needed to work only with certain applications. Using a general-purpose scripting language instead of making a new language for each application usually makes it easier for both the person writing the application and the user writing the scripts. +Types of scripting languages. +Glue languages. +Scripting is sometimes used to connect different applications. This is called glue code, and a language made just for this purpose is a "glue language". Pipelines and shell scripting are common examples of glue languages. But if a lot of logic is written in a script file, it is better to think of it as simply another software application, not "glue". +Glue languages are especially useful for writing and maintaining: +Glue language examples: +Devices like programmable calculators may also have their own glue languages. For example, the Texas Instruments TI-92, by factory default can be programmed with a command script language. The TI-NSpire calculator understands the Lua language. Others understand some kind of Basic language, or maybe Lisp or something else. +Job control languages and shells. +This group has come from the automation of job control, which relates to starting and controlling the behavior of system programs, starting from IBM's JCL. Many of these languages' interpreters also work as command-line interpreters such as the Unix shell or the MS-DOS codice_2. Others, such as AppleScript offer the use of English-like commands to build scripts. +GUI scripting. +When building graphical user interfaces, a way of testing it is needed. Specialized scripting languages were made to control graphic windows, menus, buttons, and so on just like a human user would. Many times, these can be used to copy exactly what a person does (moving a mouse, clicking or typing on a keyboard). This action or set of actions that is copied and remembered is called a macro. +Application-specific languages. +Many large applications include a scripting language built just for that application. The application can be a game or a business program. This type of language is made for a single application. They make look like a general-purpose language (e.g. QuakeC, modeled after C), they have custom features that distinguish them. +Extension/embeddable languages. +This is like an application-specific scripting languages, in that it controls an application, but the language can be used in many applications. +JavaScript started as a language for scripting inside web browsers; but it is now a general-purpose embeddable language. It is also used in Adobe products for instance. +Some languages shift from one type to another over time, usually as they add capability to do more things. + += = = Reckingen-Gluringen = = = +Reckingen-Gluringen was a municipality, in the new municipality of Goms and the district Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2004, the former municipalities of Reckingen and Gluringen merged into the new municipality of Reckingen-Gluringen. + += = = Ulrichen = = = +Ulrichen is a village and former municipality of the district Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Ulrichen, Obergesteln and Oberwald merged into the new municipality of Obergoms. + += = = Emilia Lanier = = = +Emilia Lanier (1569-1645) was an English poet, the author of only one book of poems named (in Latin) "Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum". +Biography. +Emilia Lanier was the first woman in England who published a sepatate book of poems. Her name and surname were written in many ways, Emilia, Aemilia, Amelia, Lanier or Lanyer. She was born in the beginning of 1569. She was baptised on 27 January 1569. She was partly of Italian origin. Her father was Baptist Bassano. He was a musician. He came from Venice. Her mother was Margaret Johnson. For some years she was in informal relation with Henry Carey. He was a cousin and chamberlain of the queen Elizabeth the Great. She got pregnant. She married her cousin Alphonso Lanyer, who was a musician like her father. In 1593 she gave birth to her son Henry who was named after his father, Henry Carey. In 1598 she gave birth to a daughter, Odillya, who lived for only ten months. The poet lived with her son's family. In 1623 he married Joyce Mansfield. Emilia Lanier had two grandchildren, Mary (born 1627) and Henry (born 1630). +Works. +Emilia Lanier published her collection of poems in 1611. It contains pieces of religious poetry. They differ from each other in the field of poetic form. Emilia Lanier used many stanzas, build of six lines (rhymed ababcc), seven lines (ababacc or ababbcc that is rhyme royal) or eight lines (abababcc that is ottava rima). +Emilia Lanier or Dark Lady. +Emilia Lanier is considered to be the Dark Lady of William Shakespeare's sonnets. John Hudson suggests that she was the real author of some Shakespeares plays. + += = = Satyameva Jayate = = = +"Satyameva Jayate" ( ; lit. "Truth alone triumphs.") is a "mantra" from the ancient Indian scripture "Mundaka Upanishad". Upon independence of India, it was adopted as the national motto of India. +It is inscribed in script at the base of the national emblem. The emblem and the words "Satyameva Jayate" are inscribed on one side of all Indian currency. The emblem is an adaptation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka which was erected around 250 BCE at Sarnath, near Varanasi in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is inscribed on all currency notes and national documents. + += = = Angioedema = = = +Angioedema is swelling that is similar to hives, but the swelling is under the skin instead of on the surface. +Hives are often called welts. They are a surface swelling. It is possible to have angioedema without hives. +Causes. +Angioedema may be caused by an allergic reaction. During the reaction, histamine and other chemicals are released into the bloodstream. The body releases histamine when the immune system detects a foreign substance called an allergen. +In most cases, the cause of angioedema is never found. +The following may cause angioedema: +Hives and angioedema may also occur after infections or with other illnesses (including autoimmune disorders such as lupus, leukemia, and lymphoma). +A form of angioedema happens in families and has different triggers, complications, and treatments. This is called hereditary angioedema. + += = = Institut d'études politiques de Saint-Germain-en-Laye = = = +Institut d'études politiques de Saint-Germain-en-Laye is a special university in France. The school is in Saint-Germain-en-Laye. It was created in 2013. +It is a specialist in the fields of economics, administration, social sciences and politics. + += = = Obergoms = = = +Obergoms is a municipality of the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Obergesteln, Oberwald and Ulrichen merged into the new municipality of Obergoms. + += = = Ain (river) = = = +The Ain (in Franco-Provençal: En) is a river in eastern France. It is a right tributary of the Rhône river. It gave its name to the French department of Ain. +Geography. +The Ain river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of . +Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Chazey-sur-Ain in the Ain department. +Course. +The source of the Ain is a "karst spring" (a spring that is part of a karst system) in the Jura mountains, between the Conte an the La Favière "communes" (Jura department), at an altitude of about . From here, the Ain flows to the south. +The Ain river flows through 2 regions, 2 departments and 66 "communes". It flows through the following "communes", among others: +Finally, it flows into the Rhône river in the "commune" of Saint-Maurice-de-Gourdans, on the border with the Isère department. +Main tributaries. +The main tributaries of the Ain river are: +Left tributaries: +Right tributaries: + += = = WSTRN = = = +WSTRN is an English West London singing group consisting of Akelle Charles, Louis Rei and Haile. +They are known because of their debut song, "In2", which was released on 13 October 2015 and peaked at number 4 on the UK Singles Chart. Louis Rei was formerly known as LB, Akelle was formerly known as A-Star and is Haile's cousin. + += = = Human skeleton = = = +human skeleton is the internal framework of the body. It is made up of about 300 bones at birth. As some bones join together, there are 206 bones in adulthood. The bones are at their strongest around age 20. The human skeleton can be divided into the "axial skeleton" and the "appendicular skeleton". The axial skeleton is formed by the vertebral column, the rib cage, the skull and other associated bones. The appendicular skeleton, which is attached to the axial skeleton, is formed by the shoulder girdle, the pelvic girdle and the bones of the upper and lower limbs. +The human skeleton performs six major functions. These are: support, movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of minerals, and endocrine regulation. +The male and female skeletons are not so different as those of many other primates. There are subtle differences between sexes in the morphology of the skull, teeth, long bones, and pelvis. In general, female skeletal elements tend to be smaller and less robust than corresponding male elements. +The human female pelvis is different from that of males in order to facilitate child-birth. The hips on a female are proportionately wider than males, and so the ball joints at the top of the legs are set more apart than in males. This, and the pelvic shape, gives a birth channel which allows the newborn foetus to pass through. The critical factor is the baby's head, which is much larger than in other primates. +Unlike most primates, human males do not have penile bones. This is an adaptation to the human upright stance. + += = = Brihadisvara Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram = = = +Brihadeshwara Temple (also called Gangaikonda Cholapuram temple and Gangaikondacholeeswaram) is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva located in Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Ariyalur district, in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. + += = = Didier Guillemot = = = +Didier Guillemot (born in 1960) is a French doctor, specialized in infection. He was President of the "Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines" from May 2016 to Septembre 2017. +Graduate from the Paris Diderot University in innovation and public health, he starts his career at Inserm in 1994. He moved to Institut Pasteur in 2001. +He worked on the HIV. +On April 2016, he was elected President of the "Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines", succeeding Jean-Luc Vayssière. He left his in September 2017 for health reasons. + += = = Joseph Gérard = = = +Blessed Joseph Gérard, OMI (March 12, 1831 – May 29, 1914) was a French Catholic missionary. +Gérard mostly worked among the Basotho people of modern-day Lesotho and the Free State province of South Africa. +Gérard was beatified by Pope John Paul II on September 15, 1988. His feast day is on May 29. + += = = Ambattur = = = +Ambattur is a neighbourhood place of Northern Chennai. It is located in the Ambattur taluk of the Chennai Corporation, Tamil Nadu. It was added in the part of the Chennai Corporation in the year 2011. +It is one of the fast growing residential area in the Chennai Corporation. The area of the place is 45 km2.The neighbourhood is served by the Ambattur Railway Station. +In the time of 1960s Ambattur was a village with large extends of agricultural lands. The Ambattur Lake supported the irrigational purpose.The growth of the village heightened when the Ambattur industrial estate was established in the year 1964. +It was said that the place has got its name of Ambattur from the Tamil words (�������� ���) becvause this place was the colloboration of 50 places. +The population of this area in 2011 is 466,205 with a sex ratio of 985 per 1000 males and literacy rate of 82%. + += = = SJ T21 = = = +T21, originally T2 is a diesel-hydraulic locomotive operated by Swedish State Railways () and Nora Bergslags Järnväg (NBJ) of Sweden. 60 units were built during the 1950s by Maschinenbau Kiel and Svenska Järnvägsverkstäderna based on the German DB Class V65. The T21 was technically identical with the MaK 800D. The T21 was used to replace steam locomotives on branch lines. They were used until the 1990s. +The order consisted of 56 locomotives, of which ten were to be built in Sweden with a Swedish hydraulic shift, designated T3, later T22. The shift did not work particularly well, and only four were delivered, the rest with a German shift. Later two units were rebuilt to T21s. NBJ bought four T21 units in 1963. + += = = Vossloh DE 18 = = = +The Vossloh DE 18 is a Bo-Bo diesel-electric locomotive. It is the first new diesel-electric locomotive to be built in Kiel since production of the DE 1002 ended in 1993. Up to 60% of the components are shared with the diesel-hydraulic G 18. +Operations. +The prototype locomotive was shown together with the smaller, diesel-hydraulic G 12 on InnoTrans 2010. The launch customer for the DE 18 was BASF, ordering 2 DE 18 locomotives for services at its plants in December 2011. + += = = SNCF Class BB 61000 = = = +The SNCF Class BB 61000 diesel locomotives were built by Vossloh to their G1206 design between 2002-2005 for the French state railways. Twenty three locomotives were built, numbered 61001-61023. As they are operated by the freight sector, the locomotives carry a '4' prefix (i.e. they are numbered 461001-461023). +These are the second locomotives to be numbered in this range, the first being the Class C 61000 (+ TC 61100). + += = = SNCF 040.DF = = = +SNCF 040.DF was a class of one prototype diesel-hydraulic locomotive built for the SNCF built in 1952 by Renault. +In 1962 it was renumbered from 040.DF.1 to BB 60041. +Like the 060.DA, it was delivered in a livery of dark green with a yellow stripe. + += = = TCDD DH3600 = = = +TCDD DH3600 were diesel-hydraulic locomotive built for shunting operations on the Turkish State Railways. 38 units were built by Tüvasaş under licence from Maschinenbau Kiel (MaK). In 1980-81 the shunters were rebuilt with Cummins Diesel KT1150L engines. + += = = SNCF Class BB 7200 = = = +The SNCF Class BB 7200 is a 1.5 kV DC electric locomotive. It is operated by the SNCF in France. The BB 7200 are part of the "Nez Cassé" family of locomotives. SNCF Class BB 15000 is the alternating current (AC) version. The Class BB 22200 is a dual-voltage version. They are numbered to show that the DC and AC class make the dual-voltage locomotives (7200 + 15000 = 22200). Another similar model is the NS Class 1600. It is operated in the Netherlands. It is a DC locomotive based on the BB 7200. +Locomotive numbers 7209, 7210, 7308 and 7348 have all been destroyed in accidents. +The class are numbered 7201 - 7440. Some have cast plates. +In 2012 and 2013, the locomotives numbered 7311, 7312, 7314, 7325, 7327, 7330m 7332, 7335, 7337, 7339, 7341 and 7342 were modified. They became BB 7600 locomotives. They were operated on the Transilien Paris – Montparnasse line. +Names. +Some of the class carry the name of a city in France: + += = = Composition of the Russian Regional Parliaments = = = +Regional parliaments of Russia are the legislative/parliamentary bodies of power in the regions of Russia (Republics, Krais, Oblasts, Autonomous okrugs and Federal Cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg), which have different names, often collectively referred to in the media as regional parliaments. +The federal structure of Russia includes 83 regional parliaments. The biggest regional parliament is the State Assembly of Bashkortostan which consists of 120 deputies. The smallest one is the Assembly of Deputies of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug which consists of 11 deputies. +Parties in Each Parliament. +In the table are marked in bold parliaments, elected solely by the proportional system. + += = = Crêt de la Neige = = = +Crêt de la Neige is a high mountain in the "commune" of Thoiry. It is the highest peak in the Jura Mountains and the department of Ain in France. +It is in the Jura Mountains Regional Natural Park (). +Geography. +Crêt de la Neige is between the "communes" of Lélex (to the northwest) and Thoiry (to the southeast) in the Ain department. +It is found in the "Haute Chaîne", the most eastern and highest chain of the French Jura mountains; it is in the "Pays de Gex" (the Arrondissement of Gex, Ain department), about to the northwest of the city of Geneva. +The Crêt de la Neige is surrounded by the plain of the "Pays de Gex" to the east and the Valserine valley (a valley among the Jura mountains formed by the Valserine river) to the west. +From the summit (or near the summit because it is covered with shrubs and trees), it is possible to see Geneva and the "Pays de Gex" and there is a 360° view over the Lake Geneva, the Valserine valley, La Dôle (a peak of the Jura mountains that is in Switzerland) and the Alps. On a clear day, it is possible to see the Vosges mountains and the Black Forest. +Elevation. +In the past, the official elevation given for the Crêt de la Neige was , and so it appears in old maps, only higher than the near peak of Reculet . But recent studies made by the Institut géographique national (IGN) in Villeurbanne found that the true altitude of the Crêt de la Neige is above sea level. +Getting there. +The easiest route to get to the Crêt de la Neige is from the Tiocan lookout point that is beyond Thoiry. + += = = 2016 United States presidential election in California = = = +During the 2016 United States presidential election on November 8, in the state of California, all 55 electoral votes were for Democrat, Hillary Clinton because 61.7% of people in the state voted for her. +Presidential. +Polling. +The following are poll results from www.realclearpolitics.com All polls showed that Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton had a big lead. +Primaries. +Democratic. +By county. +Again, yellow is a victory for Clinton while green is a victory for Sanders. + += = = Udara = = = +Udara is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species are found in the Indomalayan and the Australasian realms. + += = = President-elect of the United States = = = +President-elect of the United States is the title used for an incoming president of the United States between the general election on Election Day in November and noon Eastern Standard Time on Inauguration Day, January 20. During this time, the elected nominee is not in office yet. +Since the election for U.S. president is not by popular vote, the title is used for the apparent winner. The decision is finalized when votes of the Electoral College, cast in December, are counted by a joint session of Congress in early January. +If the current president has won re-election, they are not given the title of president-elect because he or she is already in office and not waiting to become president. If a new president is scheduled to enter, then the current-standing one is said to hold the office on a lame duck basis. + += = = O.T. Genasis = = = +Odis Oliver Flores (born June 19, 1987) is an American rapper. His stage name is O.T Genasis. He is well known for his songs "CoCo", "Do It" and "Cut It". + += = = Laura Ashley = = = +Laura Ashley (née Mountney; 7 September 1925 – 17 September 1985) was a fashion designer and business woman from Wales. She began by making simple items out of her own printed cloth, but when her work became more popular she opened factories making clothes and furniture too. Ashley, along with her husband Bernard, set up a large business to sell her designs, with 219 across the world. The business faced difficult times in the 1990s, after Ashley's death, but there are still many Laura Ashley shops today, in Europe, Asia and Australia. + += = = Itapúa = = = +The Itapúa department () is a department of Paraguay. The capital is the city of Encarnación. +Its code is PY-7. +Geography. +The Itapúa department is in the southeastern part of the country, in the "Oriental" region. It has an area of , with a estimated population for 2013 of 551,128 for a Population density of . +Rivers. +The main river in the department is the Paraná river. +Climate. +, the total amount of precipitation for the year 2012 in the city of Encarnación was . The month with the most precipitation was December with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation was January with . +The average temperature for the year 2012 in Encarnación was . The warmest month, on average, was February with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is July, with an average temperature of . +Districts. +The department is divided in 30 districts: + += = = 2016 United States presidential election in Alaska = = = +The 2016 United States presidential election in Alaska was held on 8 November 2016. It was part of the 2016 United States presidential election, in which all other states plus the District of Columbia voted. +On 1 March and 26 March 2016, the state also voted for who they wanted to be the nominee of their respective parties. +Presidential. +Polling. +Below is a table with the polling results in Alaska. Alaska has voted Republican in the general election since 1968. +Caucuses. +Democratic. +The Democratic caucus occurred on 26 March 2016. +Republican. +The Republican caucus occurred on 1 March 2016. + += = = Dakota people = = = +The Dakota people are a Native American tribe. They are also a part of the First Nations. They make up two of the three main subcultures of the Sioux people. They are usually divided into the Eastern Dakota and the Western Dakota. +The Eastern Dakota are also called the Santee, and are located in the eastern Dakotas, central Minnesota and northern Iowa. They have many federally recognized tribes. +The Western Dakota are also called the Yankton or Yanktonai, and are located in the Missouri River area. They also have many notable federally recognized tribes. They were often mistaken to be the Nakota (who are actually a group of tribes that broke away from the main branches of the Sioux nation in earlier times). +History. +The Dakota lived in Wisconsin and Minnesota in the 17th century. By 1700 some had moved to present-day South Dakota. Late in the 17th century, the Dakota became alliances with French merchants. The French tried to use this alliance to help them control the North American fur trade against the English. +Dakota War of 1862. +In the late 1850s, treaty violations by the United States and unfair payments by Indian agents (governmental people who were allowed to interact with the natives) led to increasing hunger and hardship among the Dakota. Even though the Dakota tried to negotiate with the U.S. government, nothing was successful. On 16 August 1862, a group of Dakota hunters killed a family of settlers. This led to more attacks on settlers, and soon a full war had begun. On 5 November 1862, 38 Dakota warriors were sentenced to death by hanging. This would later become the largest mass execution in U.S. history. +During and after the revolt, many Eastern Dakota and their family left Minnesota and Eastern Dakota to go to Canada, or settle in the James River Valley in a short-lived reservation. They were then forced to move to the Crow Creek Reservation on the east bank of the Missouri river. Some joined the Western Dakota and moved further west to help the Lakota tribes to continue their fight against the U.S. military. +Others remained in Minnesota and the east, in small reservations that still exist, including Sisseton-Wahpeton, Flandreau, and Devils Lake (Spirit Lake or Fort Totten) Reservations in the Dakotas. Some moved to Nebraska, where the Santee Sioux Tribe today has a reservation on the south bank of the Missouri river. +Those who fled to Canada left nine small reservations for their families in Manitoba (Sioux Valley, Long Plain, Dakota Tipi, Birdtail Creek, and Oak Lake [Pipestone]) and the four more (Standing Buffalo, Moose Woods [White Cap], Round Plain [Wahpeton], and Wood Mountain) in Saskatchewan. +Language. +The Dakota language is part of the Siouan languages. People who speak Dakota can also understand the Lakota language. Dakota is written in the Latin script. The language has two major dialects between the Eastern and Western Dakota tribes. + += = = Mie Jans = = = +Mie Leth Jans (born 6 February 1994) is a Danish football defender. She plays for Brøndby IF of Denmark's Elitedivisionen. Since 2013, she has been a member of the senior Danish national team. +Club career. +Jans started her football career at Dragør Boldklub. She moved to Brøndby and then Ballerup-Skovlunde Fodbold (BSF) in 2012. After two seasons playing in BSF's first team, she went back to Brøndby in June 2014. +International career. +Jans's first match for Denmark came in November 2013. She was a substitute for future Brøndby team-mate Nanna Christiansen after 79 minutes of a 5–0 win over Malta in Valetta. + += = = President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers = = = +President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers were the militia of the loyal U.S. states called up on April 15, 1861 following the attack on Fort Sumter by the forces of the Confederate States of America. This was the beginning the American Civil War. President Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers for a period of 90 days. These limits were established by laws that had been passed in the late eighteenth century and were not necessarily a reflection of the number of troops or the amount of time Lincoln actually thought it would take to put down the rebellion. +The proclamation. +Lincoln wrote the proclamation himself showing his lawyer's style of writing: +Background. +There was a great deal of tension over the issue of slavery in the Western territories during the presidency of James Buchanan (1857-61). People were taking sides in the issue as never before. When open war broke out in the Kansas Territory (called Bleeding Kansas), Southern slaveholders, Northern abolitionists and Free-soilers flooded into Kansas. Each was trying to influence the vote whether Kansas would join the Union as a slave state or a free state. President Buchanan sent part of the Regular Army to stop the violence but they were too few and too scattered to stop the fighting. +The abolitionist John Brown who played a part in Bleeding Kansas, seized the Harpers Ferry Armory in 1859. He intended to use the weapons to start a slave uprising in the South. Federal troops were called on to put down the outbreak and capture Brown. +On November 6, 1860, when Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States. South Carolina seceded from the Union. Followed by six more Southern states, on February 18, 1861, at Montgomery, Alabama they formed the Confederate States of America. Their elected president, Jefferson Davis, called for 100,000 volunteers to serve for one year. In less than six weeks, other Southern states seceded. The Confederates seized federal property in the South including several military posts. The exceptions were Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina and Fort Pickens near Pensacola, Florida. +When these seven states seceded, it caused a breakup in the U.S. Army. Many were from the South and felt they had a responsibility to resign from the U.S. Army and join the Confederate Army. In April of 1861, the United States Army had only 16,000 men organized into fewer than 200 companies. Most of them were at posts west of the Mississippi River. While the army was made up of trained professional soldiers, Lincoln realized he could not put down a rebellion of this size with the army he had. +State Militias before 1861. +During the Colonial Period in North America, each colony had the right to summon all able-bodied white males to provide for the defense of that colony. Colonies had militia laws that required every able-bodied man to be available for militia duty and to provide his own arms. In 1774 and 1775, the British government, which now had a larger presence, attempted to disarm American colonists. This caused the colonists to form private militias, independent of any control by the governors who were appointed by the British government. The Minutemen who fought the British Army at the Battles of Lexington and Concord were an independent militia. The American colonies saw standing armies as tools of a despotic monarch. +After the formation of the United States, the founding fathers saw state militias as the main force to defend the new country. They were controlled by the individual states and not by a central government. When the United States Constitution was ratified, it gave the federal government the right to raise a standing army but the feeling at the time was that such an army was to be kept small. This was the prevailing thought up to the 20th century. The Second Amendment to the United States Constitution and other laws of 1792 gave the President the power to call out the state militias to put down rebellion and to fight against any foreign invaders. But, the call for militias had to be authorized by the state legislatures, the militias themselves could only serve for three months in any given year and the size of the militia the President was allowed to call up was limited to 75,000. +During the War of 1812 militia units had the reputation of being poorly trained and poorly disciplined. Massachusetts and Connecticut refused to call out their militias during this time. Vermont would not allow its militia to serve outside of state borders. From 1815 until 1845, many of the Northern states did not require militia service by their citizens. The Mexican-American War was fought mainly by the regular army and volunteers served for one year terms of service. Very few state militias participated. By the 1840s, with no state laws requiring militia service in many states, the militias were replaced by voluneteer groups who served on weekends and provided their own weapons. In exchange for state-supplied weapons and uniforms, many agreed to become part of their respective state militias, especially in Northern states. +State militias had several shortcomings. During the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812, they developed a reputation as poor fighters and frequent deserters. +Lincoln's volunteers. +When Lincoln called for 75,000 men for federal service, members of his cabinet had advised him to ask for as many as 200,000. However, Lincoln knew that he would be breaking the law if he tried to call up that many men, and on a more practical note he probably also recognized the army did not have the arms or supplies to equip a larger number and so he settled for the legal limit of 75,000. This was still four times the size of the regular army. Each state was given a quota it had to meet based on its population. New York's quota was 17 regiments (13,280 men). Pennsylvania was to send 16 regiments. Other states were given their quotas as well. The slave states refused to send any men, with four of them joining the Confederacy instead. The free states filled out their quotas quickly. Some states did not send any more than their quota required while other states sent more so that Lincoln still got the 75,000 men he asked for. Rhode Island sent four times their quota. Connecticut and Missouri each sent three times their quota. Massachusetts sent two and a half times their quota. +All the new officers and soldiers had to undergo military training. Officers spent their evenings learning tactics and other military matters from books and field manuals. Soldiers spent their days learning to drill and shoot their weapons. Many quickly found that military life was not as romantic as they had pictured it. None realized that training could be the difference between life and death on a battlefield. So training suffered, but the Confederate army had the same problems with their militia units. When the war started, both sides had to depend on their militias. +Congress soon changed the militia law to allow the President to call up serve for longer periods of time. + += = = Survivor Series (2016) = = = +Survivor Series (2016) was a wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) made by WWE for the "Raw" and "SmackDown Live" brands. It happened on November 20, 2016. It happened at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was the thirtieth time a Survivor Series PPV was held and the first to be held in Canada after the Montreal Screwjob in 1997. +Eight wrestling matches were performed at the event. In the most important match, Goldberg beat Brock Lesnar in one minute and 26 seconds in his first match in 12 years. In addition, there were three Survivor Series matches between the wrestlers of "Raw" and "SmackDown". +Brock Lesnar vs. Goldberg. +At WrestleMania XX, Goldberg beat Brock and the next day, both men left WWE. Brock wrestled in New Japan Pro Wrestling, fought in Ultimate Fighting Championship and returned to WWE in April 2012 but Goldberg hardly wrestled again. In 2016, the covers and commercials for the WWE 2K17 video game were shown for the first time and Goldberg was on/in both of them. This made many people think that he would return to WWE and maybe get a rematch with Brock. The two started talking about the match they could have at conventions like the ones for the video game. In October 2017, Paul Heyman said Brock was challenging Goldberg because he was the one wrestler Brock could never beat. That month, Goldberg returned and agreed to fight Brock. +To start the match, Brock pushed Goldberg into the corner and rammed him between the ropes but Goldberg pushed him back hard and Brock fell back. When Brock got up, he took a spear from Goldberg. This happened again and then Goldberg picked Brock up and performed a Jackhammer and won the match. +Results. + Natalya replaced Nikki Bella, who was attacked backstage before the match. + += = = Hérémence = = = +Hérémence is a municipality of the district of Hérens in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Cooperative = = = +A cooperative (also spelled co-operative, or co-op) is when several people come together in cooperation to reach a common goal through mutural aid. It is a type of organization used to make the lives of its members easier; it is usually not focused on making profit, instead focusing on serving member needs. +Characteristics. +Cooperative ownership can have different details about what ownership means and how cooperation works. A basic cooperative-ownership structure has the following characteristics: +Co-operatives are democratic organizations owned by the people who use them. Cooperative organizations help people adapt to capitalism. +History and examples. +The first cooperative was a store in Rochdale, England started in 1844. The people who started it wanted food that was cheaper and better quality. Since then, people have found many ways to cooperate. +Examples of cooperatives: +The International Cooperative Alliance was started in 1885. It reports that there are 800 million cooperative members in the world. + += = = WWE Raw Tag Team Championship = = = +The WWE Raw Tag Team Championship is a professional wrestling world tag team championship of WWE, and it's wrestled for on the "Raw" brand. From April 5, 2009 to August 16, 2010 it was made into one with the World Tag Team Championship until the other title was retired. Currently it is made into one with the WWE SmackDown Tag Team Championship as the Undisputed WWE Tag Team Championship. +History. + After the Brand Extension in World Wrestling Entertainment, the WWE Undisputed Championship and WWE Women's Championship became the only titles allowed to be fought for on both the Raw and SmackDown! brands, while the remaining titles were made where they could only be fought for on their own brands. Originally a part of the SmackDown brand after the company's first brand extension in the spring of 2002, the Tag Team Championship was moved to the Raw brand that following summer. The Tag Team Championship became apart of the Raw brand only, leaving the SmackDown! brand without a tag team title. As a result, SmackDown General Manager Stephanie McMahon, introduced the new "WWE Tag Team Championship" and made it the tag team title for the SmackDown! brand. She stated that the first champions would be the winners of an eight-team tournament. On October 20, 2002, the team of Kurt Angle and Chris Benoit beat Rey Mysterio and Edge at No Mercy in the tournament final to become the first ever WWE Tag Team Champions. +On October 17, 2007, SmackDown! and ECW announced a talent sharing agreement that made it where talent from either brand's roster can compete on both brands. As a result, the title was fought for on both brands. In late 2008 through early 2009, WWE Tag Team Champions The Colóns (Carlito and Primo) started a rivalry with the World Tag Team Champions John Morrison and The Miz, which resulted in the announcement on the March 17 edition of "ECW" that at WrestleMania XXV both teams would fight for their titles against each other and the winning team would hold both titles. +The result was the Unified WWE Tag Team Championship, a combination of the two titles though both were kept active by themselves (and thus keeping their own title histories), they were defended as one by one tag team. The champions could appear on and defend the titles on any WWE brand. Though eventually, on August 16, 2010, the World Tag Team Championship was retired in favor of continuing the history of the WWE Tag Team Championship following the introduction of new championship belts to then-champions David Hart Smith and Tyson Kidd of The Hart Dynasty. The champions continued to compete on any brand until the end of the brand extension in August, 2011. However, WWE decided to bring back the brand split in July 2016. During the draft for this, the champions at the time, The New Day, were chosen to wrestle on Raw. This meant that SmackDown didn't have a tag team title. So, SmackDown's general manager Daniel Bryan and commissioner Shane McMahon created the SmackDown Tag Team championship. After this, the WWE Tag Team Championship was renamed the Raw Tag Team Championship. +At WrestleMania 34 on April 8, 2018, the champions at the time, Cesaro and Sheamus, were going to fight Braun Strowman and a partner for him to choose. At the show, Strowman said that his partner would be a fan from the audience. Then, he went out into the crowd and picked a 10-year-old named Nicholas and they beat Cesaro and Sheamus for the titles. This made Nicholas the youngest person to ever win a championship in WWE. The two gave up the titles the next night on "Raw." +On the May 20, 2022, episode of "SmackDown", reigning SmackDown Tag Team Champions The Usos (Jey Uso and Jimmy Uso) defeated Raw Tag Team Champions RK-Bro (Randy Orton and Riddle) in a Winners Take All match to win both championships and become recognized as the Undisputed WWE Tag Team Champions. WWE called the match as a championship unification match; however, both titles remain independently active. The Usos defended both titles together across both brands as the Undisputed WWE Tag Team Championship, but on a couple of occasions in early 2023, they also defended the titles separately. +In the main event of WrestleMania 39 Night 1, The Usos defended the Undisputed WWE Tag Team Championship against the team of Kevin Owens and Sami Zayn. This subsequently made both the Raw and SmackDown titles the first tag team championships to be defended in the main event of WWE's biggest event, WrestleMania. At the event, Owens and Zayn defeated The Usos to become champions. The titles would again be defended in the main event of a pay-per-view and livestreaming event at Night of Champions the following month on May 27 when Owens and Zayn defeated The Bloodline (Roman Reigns and Solo Sikoa). + += = = Perfect Illusion = = = +"Perfect Illusion" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Lady Gaga. It is the lead single from her fifth studio album, "Joanne". The song was released on September 9, 2016. It reached the top twenty in the US, UK, Australia, and Canada. It reached number one in France and Spain. + += = = Georgian Wikipedia = = = +The Georgian Wikipedia is a Georgian language edition of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Georgian Wikipedia started in November 2003. The Georgian Wikipedia has more than 130,000 articles. +Administrators and users. +There are 3 administrators and more than 73,000 registered users working in Georgian Wikipedia. + += = = Malagasy Wikipedia = = = +Malagasy Wikipedia is the Malagasy language edition of Wikipedia. Malagasy is an austronesian language mostly spoken in Madagascar as the first language. It is also the national language of Madagascar. +Articles. +Total number of articles written in Malagasy Wikipedia is 82000+. +Administrators. +This wikipedia has 3 administrators along with 13,423 registered users and 42 active users. + += = = Breton Wikipedia = = = +Breton Wikipedia is the Breton language version of Wikipedia. It was established in June 2004. +Breton Wikipedia reached 20,000 articles in August 2008. It reached 30,000 articles in October 2009. On 2014 July it reached 50,000 articles. It has 69,790 articles as of August 2021. It also became the 71st largest Wikipedia by the article count. +Breton Wikipedia is the second largest Wikipedia of a Celtic language after the Welsh Wikipedia. The total number of registered users in Breton Wikipedia is 34,786. + += = = Tessellation = = = +Tessellation of a flat surface refers to the repeated placement of shapes with no overlaps and no gaps. These shapes are also called "tiles". In mathematics, tessellations can be generalized to higher dimensions and a variety of geometries. + += = = Vítězslav Nezval = = = +Vítězslav Nezval (26 May 1900 – 6 April 1958) was a Czech poet. +Biography. +Vítězslav Nezval was born in the village of Biskoupky on 26 May 1900. In 1919 started to study law at the University of Brno, but quickly realised that he did not want to be a lawyer. He went to Prague instead and entered the Faculty of Philosophy of Prague University. He attended lectures given by František Xaver Šalda, a famous literary critic, there. He was active in the Devětsil literary group. In 1926 he met Františka Řepová, who later became his wife. During the Second World War he was shortly imprisoned. After the war he worked for the Ministry of Information. He died on 6 April 1958 in Prague. +Works. +Vítězslav Nezval was a poet, playwright, author of novels, translator and literary critic. He wrote a lot. He was a representative of Poetismus, which was Czech avantgarde. He was also a leading Czech surrealist. His poetry was strongly influenced by modern French literature. He also wrote a book of ballads in the manner of François Villon "52 hořkých balad věčného studenta Roberta Davida". Nezval's most important works are poems "Edison", "Signál času", "Akrobat" and "Podivuhodný kouzelník". They were collected in the book named "Básně noci". His novel "Valérie a týden divů" was made into a movie in 1970 by Jaromil Jireš. Many his poems were translated into English. For example Ewald Osers translated "Edison". + += = = Bamboo floor = = = +A bamboo floor is a kind of flooring which is made using bamboo plants. Today, most of the bamboo flooring products come from China and other parts of Asia. Moso bamboo is a type of bamboo most commonly used for this type of flooring. + += = = Vinča culture = = = +The Vinča culture was a culture during the stone age, roughly from 5400 BC to 4600 BC. It is named for a large site found close to modern-day Belgrade, Serbia. In addition to the territory of modern-day Serbia, sites have also been discovered in Romania, Hungary and Bosnia. Today, it is known for many ceramic figurines. Some of these figurines also have symbols on them, which have been interpreted as an early form of writing. These symbols are called Vinča symbols. +The Vinča culture was the first to develop the knowledge and skills to process copper, in the late 6th millennium BC.[2] + += = = Vinča script = = = +The Vinča script is a cache of symbols found belonging to the Vinča culture of the central Balkans over 7000 years ago. The symbols have been a topic of debate amongst historians. +The Tărtăria tablets are three tablets discovered in 1961 in the village of Tărtăria(Hungarian: Alsótatárlaka). This is about 30 km (19 mi) from Alba Iulia in Romania.[10]The tablets, dated to around 5300 BC,[11] have symbols inclay: the Vinča symbols. Some claim they are a yet undeciphered language. If this is so, they would be the earliest known form of writing. In 1908 similar symbols were found during excavations, by Miloje Vasić (1869–1956) in Vinča. This is a suburb of Belgrade (Serbia), some 300 km from Turdaș. Later, more were found in another part of Belgrade. Since 1875 over one hundred and fifty Vinča sites have been found in Serbia alone. Many, including Vinča itself, have not been fully excavated. The culture of the whole area is called the Vinča culture. Although some of these symbols look exactly the same as some letters in Etruscan, Greek, and Aramaic,[12] they are generally regarded as a an original, independent development.[13] + += = = American Expeditionary Force = = = +The American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) were the United States Armed Forces sent to Europe under the command of General John J. Pershing in 1917 to help fight World War I. At first, the AEF fought in France alongside French and British allied forces. The war started in August 1914 and the AEF arrived in April 1917, the last year of the war. They were fighting against the German Empire. In September 1918 the AEF launched its first major offensive as an independent army. + += = = Minister of Foreign Affairs (Azerbaijan) = = = +This is a list of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan, from the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan to the Republic of Azerbaijan. + += = = Hair clipper = = = +Hair clippers are tools used to cut hair very short and close to the scalp. Similar tools are used to cut wool from sheep. +Hair clippers have two rows of small comb-like blades which move back and forth very fast. The clippers are moved so that the blades cut the hair as it passes through it. +History. +Manual clippers were invented between 1850 and 1890 by Nikola Bizumic, a Serbian barber, and the short hairstyles became popular amongst boys and men in school, prison, and the military. +Leo J. Wahl invented the first electric hair clipper. He first designed a hand-held massager for his uncle, Dr. Frank Wahl. Frank Wahl opened a manufacturing plant in Sterling, Illinois to produce and sell Leo’s massager. Leo would sold massagers to barbers and noticed an opportunity to improve upon the tools barbers were using at the time. +Use. +Modern electric clippers often come with "guards". The guards can be attached to the blade to determine how short the hair will be cut. The largest guard is often a #8, which leaves the hair an inch long (25mm). The smallest guard is a #1, which cuts the hair to 3mm. When there is no guard, the clipper completely shaves the hair. +Clippers are often used for men's haircuts as well as cutting facial hair. A popular men's hairstyle is a buzz cut, in which the hair all over the head is shaved very short using clippers. Buzz cuts are often used in the military. Many young boys and teenage boys are given buzz cuts as well because they are easy to take care of. + += = = Merry Christmas with Love = = = +Merry Christmas with Love is Clay Aiken's first Christmas album. It was released by RCA Records on November 16, 2004. It was certified platinum and was recognized by "Billboard" as the Best-selling Christmas/holiday album of 2004 and the Best-selling Christian album of 2005. The album was re-released on August 18, 2009 on the Sony label. +"Merry Christmas with Love" debuted at number four on the U.S. "Billboard" 200 chart with about 270,000 copies sold. This was its highest position on the chart. By the end of 2004, around 1,004,000 copies of the album had been sold. +The album set a new record for fastest-selling holiday album, since SoundScan began in March 1991. It tied Céline Dion's record for the highest debut by a holiday album in the history of "Billboard" magazine. +On January 6, 2005, "Merry Christmas with Love" was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for shipments of one million copies in the U.S. Going into the 2010 Christmas season, 1,416,000 copies had been sold in the U.S. and 2 million worldwide. +Awards and nominations. +"Billboard" Awards +American Christian Music Awards + += = = Arauco Province = = = +The Arauco Province () is one of three provinces of the Chilean region of Bío Bío (VIII). The provincial capital Is the city of Lebu. +History. +In 1852, the old province of Arauco was created with the southern parts of the province of Concepción; it had three departments: Arauco, Laja and Nacimiento. +In 1927, Arauco was eliminated as a province and became again part of the province of Concepción but, in 1934, Arauco was made again a province with the departments Arauco, Cañete and Lebu. When the regions were created in 1975, the Bío Bío region was formed with the Arauco, Biobío, Concepción and Ñuble provinces. +Geography. +The Arauco province is in the southwest of the Bío Bío region along the Pacific Ocean, with an area of . The capital, Lebu, is on the coast about south of Concepción, the capital of the region. +Arauco is bordered to the north by the Concepción province, to the northeast by the Biobío province, to the east by the Malleco province (Araucanía region), to the south and southwest by the Cautín province (Araucanía region and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. +The Mocha island is a small island that is west of the Arauco province, in the Pacific Ocean. It is part of the "comuna" of Lebu. It has an area of about . +Population. + (last national census), there were 157,255 people living in the province, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km2. The urban population was 117,569 persons ( of the total). +The largest city in 2002 of the province is Curanilahue with 30,126 inhabitants. Its capital Lebu, has a population of 20,838 inhabitants. Other cities are Cañete (19,839 inhabitants), Arauco (16,291 inhabitants) and Los Álamos (13,035 inhabitants). +Administration. +As a province, Arauco is a second-level administrative division, consisting of 7 communes ("comunas"). The city of Lebu serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor. + += = = Rocky De La Fuente = = = +Roque "Rocky" De La Fuente (born October 10, 1954) is an American businessman, political activist, and politician. +He was the unsuccessful nominee of the Reform Party and that of his self-created American Delta Party for President of the United States in the 2016 election. De La Fuente was an unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic nomination in Florida's 2016 election for United States Senator and for the Democratic presidential nomination in the 2016 primaries. +In May 2019, De La Fuente announced his plans to run for the presidency again, seeking the Republican nomination challenging incumbent President Donald Trump. +Early life. +De La Fuente was born to Roque Antonio De La Fuente and Bertha Guerra Izaguirre on October 10, 1954 in San Diego, California. He studied at National Autonomous University of Mexico and studied Accounting & Business Administration at Anahuac University. +Career. +Between 1976 and 1990, De La Fuente had bought automobile dealerships from Alfa Romeo, American Motor Corporation, Audi, Cadillac, Chrysler, Daihatsu, Dodge, GMC, Honda, and others. +In 2004, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation issued an order barring De La Fuente from participating in an FDIC-insured institution. De La Fuente went to court and the case was resolved. +He owns businesses and properties in the Dominican Republic, Mexico, United States, and Uruguay. +Political Campaigns. +2016 presidential. +De La Fuente ran a presidential campaign in the 2016 election. De La Fuente sought the Democratic Party's nomination during their presidential primaries. De La Fuente's campaign came in Third behind Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders. +De La Fuente founded the American Delta Party and ran as that party's nominee with his running mate Michael Steinberg and was nominated as the presidential candidate of the Reform Party which had ballot access in Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota and Mississippi. +2016 Senate campaign. +On June 20, 2016, De La Fuente paid the $10,440 qualifying fee to run for the Democratic nomination of the 2016 Senate election in Florida to decide the Democratic nominee for the Senate seat occupied by Republican Marco Rubio. He competed with Patrick Murphy, Alan Grayson, Pam Keith, and Reginald Luster for the nomination. Murphy won the nomination; De La Fuente came in fourth-place out of five candidates, receiving 60,606 votes (5.38% of the overall vote). +2018 Senate Campaigns. +In 2018, De La Fuente, ran for US Senate in seven Republican primaries and the California and Washington open primaries to show how problematic the current election process was. He lost the primaries in Wyoming (1,280 votes, 1.1% of the vote), Hawaii (3,065 votes, 9.4% of the vote ), Minnesota (17,051 votes, 5.9% of the vote), Vermont (1,057 votes, 2.9% of the vote), Delaware (1,998 votes, 5.3% of the vote), and Rhode Island (3,722 votes, 12.3% of the vote). In Florida, he got 11.4% of the vote against Republican Gov. Rick Scott. He also filed to run for the 2018 Senate election in California under the Republican Party to unseat incumbent Dianne Feinstein, but failed in the June 5 primary. +2020 presidential campaign. +On January 9, 2017, De La Fuente announced his plans to run for president again for the Democratic nomination in 2020. He soon filed to run for the Republican nomination. As of September 30, 2019, he had raised $6,735 from outside sources and had loaned his own campaign $10.18 million. He has qualified as a candidate in Alabama, Delaware, Vermont, Arkansas, New Hampshire, Colorado, and Texas. +On July 30, De La Fuente filed a federal lawsuit against the new California law that says no one can be on a presidential primary ballot unless he or she reveals the last five years of federal income tax returns. On August 6, 2019, he filed a brief on it. +2020 congressional. +De La Fuente ran as a Republican in the campaign for the U.S. House of Representatives seat for California's 21st district. (Unlike most other states, California has no law prohibiting simultaneously running for the presidency and for Congress.) His son Ricardo ran for the same seat as a Democrat. Neither De La Fuente lives in the district. Rocky felt that his candidacy would help his son's chances of getting the seat, which was the outcome he desired. Neither De La Fuente succeeded in this primary, coming in third (Ricardo) and fourth (Rocky) in a four-candidate jungle primary in which the top two vote-getters compete in the general election. However, on the same day, Ricardo, who had previously run for the House from California's 34th and Florida's 23rd districts, won the Democratic primary for U.S. representative for Texas's 27th district, but went on to lose the general election. +Personal life. +De La Fuente married Katayoun Yazdani. +De La Fuente has five children. De La Fuente has a stated goal of creating a political dynasty. Two of his sons have also sought office. +His son Ricardo "Ricky" De La Fuente has sought several congressional seats. He first ran as a Democrat in the 2017 California's 34th congressional district special election. He then, in 2018, unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for Florida's 24th US congressional district. In 2020 he unsuccessfully ran as a Democrat in the California's 21st US congressional district (competing against his father, who ran unsuccessfully as a Republican) and successfully won the Democratic nomination for Texas's 27th US congressional district (where he hopes to become a resident). In 2020, Ricardo was also originally running for the Democratic nomination in Florida's 24th US congressional district. +In 2020, his son Roque De La Fuente III entered the Democratic presidential primaries in Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Missouri, New Hampshire, Texas, and Utah. + += = = Rocky De La Fuente 2016 presidential campaign = = = +Rocky De La Fuente ran a third-party campaign for the presidency of the United States in the 2016 election. De La Fuente had sought the Democratic Party's nomination during their presidential primaries. De La Fuente's campaign did not win a single delegate to the 2016 Democratic National Convention, but he came in fourth by total votes received. +De La Fuente founded the American Delta Party, and ran as its presidential nominee with running mate Michael Steinberg. He was also nominated as the presidential nominee of the Reform Party which has ballot access in Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi. + += = = Catherine Cortez Masto = = = +Catherine Marie Cortez Masto (born March 29, 1964) is an American attorney and politician. She is the senior United States Senator from Nevada. She was the Attorney General of Nevada from 2007 to 2015, elected to replace George Chanos. She is a member of the Democratic Party. +When her term began in 2017, Masto became the first Latina United States senator in American history. + += = = Todd Young = = = +Todd Christopher Young (born August 24, 1972) is an American politician. He is the senior U.S. Senator from Indiana. He previously served as a U.S. Representative for from 2011 to 2017. He is a member of the Republican Party. On November 8, 2016, Young was elected to the United States Senate in the general election. Young defeated Evan Bayh. + += = = Evan Bayh = = = +Birch Evans "Evan" Bayh III ( ; born December 26, 1955) is an American lawyer and Democratic politician. He served as the junior U.S. Senator from Indiana from 1999 to 2011. He earlier served as the 46th Governor of Indiana from 1989 to 1997. His father was former Senator Birch Bayh. +On February 15, 2010, Bayh unexpectedly announced he would not seek reelection to the Senate in 2010. After leaving the Senate, he was replaced by his predecessor, Dan Coats. +Following the withdrawal of 2016 Democratic primary winner Baron Hill, Bayh announced that he would be running to take back his old Senate seat from retiring Republican incumbent Dan Coats. He was defeated in the general election. + += = = John C. Carney Jr. = = = +John Charles Carney Jr. (born May 20, 1956) is an American politician serving as the 74th governor of Delaware since 2017. Before becoming governor, he served as the U.S. representative for from 2011 to 2017. He was also the 24th lieutenant governor of Delaware from 2001 to 2009. +Carney also served as Delaware's secretary of finance from 1996 to 2000. + += = = Eric Holcomb = = = +Eric Holcomb (born May 2, 1968) is an American politician. He currently serves as the 51st Governor of Indiana. He previously served as the 51st Lieutenant Governor of Indiana. He was nominated to fill the remainder of Sue Ellspermann's term. Ellspermann resigned on March 2, 2016 to become president of Ivy Tech Community College. He is a member of the Republican Party, and successfully ran for Governor of Indiana in the 2016 election. + += = = Eric Greitens = = = +Eric Robert Greitens (born April 10, 1974) is an American politician, author, humanitarian, and former Navy SEAL. He is the 56th Governor of the state of Missouri from January 9, 2017 until his resignation in June 1, 2018. Greitens is the Former President and founder of The Mission Continues, a nonprofit organization for veterans. +On March 22, 2021, Greitens announced that he would be running for the United States Senate in the 2022 U.S. Senate elections. He lost the nomination to Eric S. Schmitt in the August primaries. +Controversy. +On February 22, 2018, Greitens got in big trouble when he was accused of a serious crime that happened while he was having sex with another woman who was not his wife. He admitted that he was having sex with the woman but disagreed that he had committed a crime. She said that he secretly took naked pictures of her and then threatened to show them to other people and embarrass her if she told anybody what they had been doing together. A grand jury agreed there was enough evidence to proceed and he was indicted on felony invasion of privacy charges. On May 29, 2018 Greitens announced that he would resign from office effective 5pm on Friday, June 1, 2018. He and his wife Sheena got divorced in 2020. +Greitens is now a Republican. He used to be a Democrat. + += = = Chris Sununu = = = +Christopher T. "Chris" Sununu (born November 5, 1974) is the 82nd Governor of New Hampshire. Sununu was a Republican member of the New Hampshire Executive Council from 2011 to 2017. +Sununu was born in Salem, New Hampshire. +He also serves as chief executive officer of the Waterville Valley Ski Resort in Waterville Valley, New Hampshire. He earned a bachelor's degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Sununu is a son of former New Hampshire Governor John H. Sununu and brother of former U.S. Senator John E. Sununu. +On July 19, 2023, Sununu announced that he would not run for a fifth term as governor. + += = = Doug Burgum = = = +Douglas James Burgum (born August 1, 1956) is an American entrepreneur, philanthropist and politician. He is the 33rd Governor of North Dakota as a member of the Republican Party. He joined Great Plains Software in 1983 and became the company’s President in 1984 until resigning in 2016 for his gubernatorial run. He briefly ran for President of the United States in the 2024 election. +Early life. +Burgum was born and raised in the small town of Arthur, North Dakota. He studied at North Dakota State University and Stanford University. While at Stanford, he became friends with Steve Ballmer, who would later be CEO of Microsoft. +Business career. +In 1983, Burgum invested in a small technology startup company, Great Plains Software. He became the company's president in 1984. Burgum sold the company to Microsoft for $1.1 billion in 2001. While working at Microsoft, he managed Microsoft Business Solutions. He was board chairman for Atlassian and SuccessFactors. Burgum is the founder of Kilbourne Group, a real-estate development firm. +Governor of North Dakota. +In 2016, Burgum announced his plan to run for Governor of North Dakota as a Republican. He ran against State Attorney General Wayne Stenehjem, who won the party's support at the party convention in April. However, Burgum was able to beat Stenehjem in the primary election two months later to win the nomination. Burgum would go on to win the November general election with over 75% of the vote. +Burgum was sworn in as the 33rd governor of North Dakota on December 15, 2016. +Burgum has set a goal for North Dakota to become carbon-neutral by 2030. In 2018, Burgum created the Vision Zero project. Since then, traffic-related deaths in North Dakota have reached record lows. +Burgum announced on January 22, 2024 that he would not run for a third term. +Personal life. +Burgum married his first wife, Karen Stoker, in 1991. They divorced in 2003. They had three children. In 2016, Burgum married Kathryn Helgaas. +2024 presidential campaign. +On June 7, 2023, Burgum announced his presidential candidacy for the 2024 presidential election. His announcement made him the first North Dakotan to run for president. Burgum is reported to have spent more money on advertisements than any other presidential candidate since he began his campaign. After low polling numbers and failing to qualify in the third and fourth presidential debate, Burgum suspended his campaign on December 4, 2023. Afterward, Burgum began campaigning for former President Donald Trump, who said he wanted Burgum to be an important member of his administration. + += = = Phil Scott = = = +Philip Brian Scott (born August 4, 1958) is an American politician. He is the 82nd and current Governor of Vermont since January 5, 2017. Before being Governor, he was the Lieutenant Governor of Vermont from 2011 to 2017. A Republican, he won the 2016 general election with over 52% of the vote. + += = = Jim Justice = = = +James Conley Justice II (born April 27, 1951) is an American coal and agriculture businessman and politician from West Virginia. He is the Governor of West Virginia. He is the owner of over 50 companies, including The Greenbrier, a luxury resort. Justice is the only billionaire from the state of West Virginia. +Career. +A Republican, Justice ran for Governor of West Virginia in the 2016 general election as the Democratic nominee. He won the general election and became Governor of West Virginia in 2017. +On August 3, 2017, Justice announced at a Trump rally that he was switching political parties becoming a member of the Republican Party. +In April 2023, Justice announced his candidacy for the United States Senate in the 2024 election, against incumbent Democratic Senator Joe Manchin. +Health. +On January 11, 2022, Justice tested positive for COVID-19 and described feeling "extremely unwell". He said that his heart rate and blood pressure were high. + += = = Jodo = = = +Jōdō (��:�����?) or is a Japanese martial art. +Jōdō uses a short staff called a "jō". The "jō" is a short staff, usually about 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 m) long. Jōdō is strongly focused upon defense against the Japanese sword. +The art is similar to "bōjutsu". + += = = Conor McGregor = = = +Conor Anthony McGregor (born 14 July 1988) is an Irish mixed martial artist and boxer. He started his career in 2008. He is signed to the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). He is the former UFC Featherweight Champion and UFC Lightweight Champion. He has fought as a featherweight, lightweight and welterweight. +At UFC 194, he defeated Jose Aldo to win the UFC featherweight championship. In his welterweight debut at UFC 196, he was defeated by Nate Diaz in the second round via submission. On 6 October 2018, he won the UFC lightweight championship by defeating Eddie Alvarez and won via KO. In his boxing debut in 2017, he was defeated by Floyd Mayweather Jr.. He returned to MMA in 2018 and was defeated by Khabib Nurmagomedov via submission at UFC 229. The event set the record for the biggest MMA pay-per-view event, with 2.4 million buys in the United States. Throughout his career, McGregor has become the subject of many controversies due to his behaviour. +McGregor was born in Dublin. His parents are Timmy and Súsan McGregor. He started kickboxing in 2008, the same year he started dating his girlfriend Dee Devlin. Their son, Conor Jack McGregor, was born in May 2017. + += = = The Nutshack = = = +The Nutshack is a Filipino-American animated sitcom created by Jesse Hernandez and Ramon Lopez. + += = = Aquarius (astrology) = = = +Aquarius is the eleventh astrological sign of the Zodiac. The name is from the constellation Aquarius. It is an air sign. It is ruled by Uranus (Modern) and Saturn (Ancient.) + += = = Roger Joseph Boscovich = = = +Roger Joseph Boscovich (18 May 1711 - 13 February 1787) was a Croatian polymath and Jesuit from the city of Dubrovnik in the Republic of Ragusa (modern-day Croatia). He studied and lived in Italy and France, where he published many of his works. +He produced a precursor of atomic theory and made many contributions to astronomy. In 1753 he discovered the absence of atmosphere on the Moon. +In Vienna in 1758, he published the first edition of his famous work, "Philosophiæ naturalis theoria redacta ad unicam legem virium in natura existentium" ("Theory of natural philosophy derived to the single law of forces which exist in nature"). It included his atomic theory and his theory of forces. A second edition was published in 1763 in Venice and a third again in Vienna in 1764. In 1922 it was published in London, and in 1966 in the United States. Another edition was published in Zagreb in 1974. +Life. +Boscovich was born in Dubrovnik as the youngest of seven children. He joined the Jesuit school in Dubrovnik, leaving for Rome in 1725. In Rome he was under the care of 2 Jesuit priests whom introduced him to the Society of Jesus. In 1731, enrolled in college at Sant'Andrea delle Fratte. There, he studied mathematics and physics and in 1740 he was appointed professor of mathematics in the college. +Boscovich studied the transit of Mercury, the Aurora borealis, the figure of the Earth, the observation of the fixed stars, the inequalities in terrestrial gravitation, the application of mathematics to the theory of the telescope, the limits of certainty in astronomical observations, and various problems in solid geometry and spherical trigonometry. +In 1742 he and other scientists were consulted by Pope Benedict XIV, as to the best way of securing the structure of the dome of St. Peter's, Rome, in which a crack had been discovered. His suggested placing five iron bands and it was accepted. +In 1758, Roger Joseph Boscovich described a version of atomic theory. He explained the resistance of hard bodies as due to force rather than "hardness". "The primary elements of matter are in my opinion perfectly indivisible & non-extended points". +As a devoted Jesuit, Boscovich spent his life without ever getting married or having children. +References. +About Boscovich: +Cerqueiro, Daniel. Boscovich, the Time Traveler. Buenos Aires: Small Ed. Venice. 2008. ISBN 978-987-9239-18-6 + += = = Les Agettes = = = +Les Agettes was a municipality in the district of Hérens in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +Since 2017, it is part of the municipality of Sion. + += = = Mase, Switzerland = = = +Mase was a municipality of the district of Hérens in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2011, the former municipalities of Mase, Nax and Vernamiège were combined to make the new municipality of Mont-Noble. + += = = Nax = = = +Nax was a municipality of the district of Hérens in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2011, the former municipalities of Nax, Mase and Vernamiège merged into the new municipality of Mont-Noble. + += = = Saint-Martin, Valais = = = +Saint-Martin is a municipality of the district Hérens in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +Villages. +Saint-Martin, Eison, La Luette, Liez, Praz-Jean, Suen and Trogne. + += = = Ventilation = = = +Ventilation is the introduction of fresh air, usually from the outside, into a space, while sending stale air back out. Fans and pumps, vent grates and air flow tunnels are common in these structures. +The simplest systems are called “natural ventilation,” which usually means that they get their airflow through vents opening to the outside. Mechanical systems are more popular for industry. Mechanical systems are able to regulate other things, including temperature, relative humidity, and oxygen levels. +Uses. +Fresh air prevents issues like mold and bacteria growth, as well as the spread of disease. It helps eliminate dust, which can lead to cleaner living standards. Single rooms can sometimes be ventilated by opening a window or door, but this isn’t as successful for larger structures. +Ventilation usually collaborates with heating and cooling systems, but not always and they aren’t only limited to buildings. Vehicles frequently have ventilation systems that control air circulation and air quality. +History. +In ancient Persia, structures called windcatchers were built to create natural ventilation. These structures are a traditional method in Persia. They became very popular and are still in use across the Middle East. + += = = African Americans in the American Civil War = = = +The history of African Americans in The American Civil War includes the over four million slaves and approximately 500,000 free African Americans who were living in the United States at the beginning of the war. Altogether they made up 14% of the population of the country. Many served as soldiers in the Union Army. +Background. +Slavery began in the English colony of Jamestown in 1619. It started with the purchase of 20 Africans—not as reported by John Rolfe from a Dutch ship—but rather from an English warship named the "White Lyon." The Colonists in the Virginia Colony bought the contracts of the Africans as indentured servants. Not long after this it became a custom to hold slaves for life in the colonies. During the 17th and 18th centuries, slaves were used to raise crops of tobacco and food crops. After the invention of the cotton gin in 1793, cotton became the most important crop. At this point slavery became a critical part of the South's economy. With westward expansion, the question of slavery in the new territories became a subject of great debate. It polarized the nation between the interests of the Northern industrial economy and the South's agricultural economy. +This led to the American Civil War. Millions of slaves were brought to America between the 17th and 19th centuries. Slavery was one of the main issues that led to the outbreak of the Civil War. +Union forces. +Union Navy. +The United States Navy, during the Civil War termed the Union Navy, had separate traditions regarding African Americans. The Militia Acts of 1792 excluded black men from serving in the United States Army. This policy remained in place until the second year of the Civil War. The Navy, however, never had such a policy. In the 1840s they limited the number of blacks serving to 5 percent of the enlisted force. But before and after, black and white men served together often performing the same duties. Up to the start of the Civil War, several hundred black men were serving in the Navy. After Fort Sumter was captured by Confederates, a large number of men enlisted in the Navy. The percentage of black men in the Navy rapidly increased. In 1861, they made up about 6 percent of the force. By the summer of 1862 they made up about 15% of the enlisted men. +Many of the African Americans who joined the Navy were from the East Coast of the United States. Many were experienced sailors. Others had worked on the docks and in other related jobs in the shipping industry. The largest number came from Maryland and the Chesapeake Bay area. Also, a large number were transferred from the Army to the Navy in 1864. +African Americans fought in every major campaign and naval battle of the Civil War. They served in the blockading squadrons on the South and Gulf Coasts and in the brown-water navy in the tributaries in the South. African American women served also, most as nurses aboard the "USS Red Rover (1859)", a hospital ship on the Mississippi River. African Americans served in the Navy with great distinction and eight were awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor, the nation's highest honor. +Union Army. + Unfortunately, this was exactly what President Abraham Lincoln did not want at the time. He was afraid that if he armed African Americans, especially escaped or former slaves, the border states would secede. This would only make the situation worse for the Union than it already was. But after two years of war, Lincoln began to reconsider the idea. The war was not going well for the North and they badly needed soldiers. +The Militia Act of 1862 allowed the army to use African Americans as laborers and soldiers for the first time since 1792. It did not invite blacks to join the Army but it did cause some blacks to form private militia units. In New Orleans three all-black Louisiana Native Guard units were formed (they later became the 73rd, 74th and 75th U.S. Colored Infantry). In Kansas the First Kansas Colored Infantry was formed (later officially becoming the 79th U.S. Colored Infantry). They fought in a skirmish at Island Mound, Missouri in November 1862. The First South Carolina Infantry, African Descent, fought for the first time in November 1862 (later becoming the 33rd U.S. Colored Infantry). In January 1863, these unofficial units were allowed to become part of the Union Army. +Probably the most famous unit was the 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment. In February 1863, Massachusetts governor John Albion Andrew, issued the first call for black soldiers in the North. Over 1,000 men joined, many from as far away as Canada and even the Caribbean. To lead them the governor chose Robert Gould Shaw, a young white officer. On July 18, 1863, they attacked Fort Wagner guarding the southern approach to Charleston Harbor. The 54th lost 600 men in the attack including Colonel Shaw—nearly half of the regiment. The fort was defended by 1,700 Confederates. +Pay and treatment. +Black soldiers did not receive equal pay to the white soldiers. They also did not receive the same treatment. Their pay was $10 a month, less $3 for uniforms. White soldiers received $13 a month and had no deductions for uniforms. This was changed in June 1864 when Congress voted to grant black soldiers equal pay and made the change retroactive. While black soldiers were allowed to fight for their country, they were not treated as equals to white soldiers. Their units were racially segregated and were commanded by white officers. Some of their officers had very low opinions of black soldiers and did not train them well. +Captured black Union soldiers were a problem for the Confederacy. They could not treat them the same as captured white soldiers or they would be legitimizing them as being equal. It would also imply they accepted Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, which they did not. Three days before the Emancipation Proclamation was to take effect, Jefferson Davis stated: “All negro slaves captured in arms be at once delivered over to the executive authorities of the respective States to which they belong.” The Congress of the Confederate States decided to take it a step further. They later adopted a resolution that any negroes taken in arms would be put on trial for "inciting servile insurrection" and would be punished by the death penalty. +Lincoln declared that “the law of nations ... permit no distinction as to color in the treatment of prisoners of war." He stated that if the Confederacy executed any Union soldier, the Union would do the same to a Confederate soldier. If the Confederacy enslaved a Union soldier, a Confederate soldier would be put to hard labor. While Davis publicly denounced Lincoln's order, it did have the desired effect on black prisoners of war. No more were executed or sent into slavery. But, afterwards it depended on the commander of the Confederate units as to what to do about taking black prisoners. Many simply did not take prisoners of war but shot them as they were surrendering. This happened at the Battle of Poison Spring, the Battle of Fort Pillow and at the Siege of Petersburg. +Confederate forces. +African Americans did serve with the Confederacy. Some went with their masters or were used as labor behind the front lines. They also worked as teamsters and cooks. But for most of the war black men were not allowed to serve as soldiers. +There are, however, nine known photographs of African American men dressed in Confederate uniforms. But the photos do not come with explanations. Of the men in the photos, four are known by name and were slaves who went with their masters to the front lines. +Near the end of the war the idea of using black soldiers was debated. In 1864, General Patrick Cleburne suggested enlisting black slaves into the army. The idea was considered, but it raised the question by at least one Southern politician: "What did we go to war for, if not to protect our property?" Another said: "If slaves will make good soldiers, our whole theory of slavery is wrong." General Robert E. Lee knew he needed soldiers. He stated: "We must decide whether slavery shall be extinguished by our enemies and the slaves be used against us, or use them ourselves." Lee suggested the slaves be freed in exchange for their service as soldiers. But that condition was not in the bill that was approved by the Confederate Congress on March 13, 1865. Only a few thousand blacks enlisted before the war ended. By that time over 200,000 African Americans had served with the Union army. + += = = Arrondissements of the Ardennes department = = = +There are 4 arrondissements in the Ardennes department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into "arrondissements", which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture. +If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture. +Arrondissements are further divided into communes. +The 4 arrondissements of the Ardennes department are: +History. +Since its creation, the Ardennes department has had some changes: + += = = Gwen Ifill = = = +Gwendolyn L. "Gwen" Ifill (; September 29, 1955 – November 14, 2016) was an American journalist, television newscaster, and author. She was the moderator and managing editor of "Washington Week" and co-anchor and co-managing editor, with Judy Woodruff, of "PBS NewsHour", both of which air on PBS. +Ifill was a political analyst and moderated the 2004 and 2008 American vice-presidential debates. In 2016, she moderate the New Hampshire Democratic Primary debate between Bernie Sanders and Hillary Clinton. +She was the author of the best-selling book "The Breakthrough: Politics and Race in the Age of Obama". +Ifill died of endometrial cancer while under hospice care in Washington, D.C. on November 14, 2016, at age 61. + += = = Leon Russell = = = +Leon Russell (born Claude Russell Bridges; April 2, 1942 – November 13, 2016) was an American musician and songwriter. He recorded as a session musician and sideman. He had a solo career. He had 31 albums to his credit and recorded about 430 songs. +He wrote the song "Delta Lady", recorded by Joe Cocker. He also organized Cocker's "Mad Dogs and Englishmen" tour in 1970. More than 100 artists have recorded his "A Song for You" (1970). +Russell produced and played in recording sessions for Bob Dylan, Frank Sinatra, Ike & Tina Turner, the Rolling Stones, and others. He wrote and recorded the hits "Tight Rope" and "Lady Blue". In 2011 he was added into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and introduced by longtime friend Elton John. +Russell died in his sleep at his home in Nashville, Tennessee, on November 13, 2016 from heart failure while recovering from heart surgery, at the age of 74. + += = = Lincolnshire, Illinois = = = +Lincolnshire is a village in southern Lake County, Illinois. + += = = Arrondissement of Charleville-Mézières = = = +The arrondissement of Charleville-Mézières is an arrondissement of France in the Ardennes department in the Grand Est region. Its capital is the city of Charleville-Mézières. +It is the most northern of the "arrondissements" of the department. It has an area of , the largest "arrondissement" of the department. It is the "arrondissement" with more people living in it, with 160,939 inhabitants and a density of inhabitants/km2. +History. +When the Ardennes department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Charleville-Mézières was part of that original department, sometimes we the name of Charleville and other times with the name of Mézières until 1966 when the two "communes" of Charleville and Mézières were joined to form the "commune" of Charleville-Mézières. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Charleville-Mézières is bordered to the northwest and north by the Namur province (Belgium), to the northeast by the Luxembourg province (Belgium), to the east by the "arrondissement" of Sedan, to the southeast by the "arrondissement" of Vouziers, to the southwest by the "arrondissement" of Rethel and to the west by the Aisne department. +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +There are 11 cantons in the "arrondissement" of Charleville-Mézières; they are (with their INSEE codes): +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Charleville-Mézières has 160 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Ricardo Rosselló = = = +Ricardo Antonio "Ricky" Rosselló Nevares (born March 7, 1979) is a Puerto Rican college professor, scientist, and politician. He was the Governor of Puerto Rico and President of the New Progressive Party. +In mid-July 2019, Rosselló faced controversy after his phone messages were leaked which revealed homophobic messages, plans to create troll accounts for Facebook, evidence of corruption and death threats towards Mayor of San Juan Carmen Yulín Cruz. In July 21, he announced that he would not seek re-election in 2022. On July 24, Rosselló announced his resignation on August 2. + += = = Charles Wesley Turnbull = = = +Charles Wesley Turnbull (February 5, 1935 – July 3, 2022), was the 27th Governor of the U.S. Virgin Islands serving from 1999 through 2007. During his tenure as governor, Turnbull served as a member of the National Governors Association, the Southern Governors' Association, and the Democratic Governors Association. +Turnbull died on July 3, 2022 in Washington, D.C. at the age of 87. + += = = Pedro Tenorio = = = +Pedro "Teno" Pangelinan Tenorio (April 18, 1934 – May 21, 2018) was a Northern Mariana Islander politician. He was the second and fifth elected Governor of the United States Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. With 12 years in office, Tenorio is the longest-serving Governor in CNMI history. +Tenorio died on May 21, 2018 at the Commonwealth Health Center in Saipan of complications from a stroke at the age of 84. + += = = Paul McDonald Calvo = = = +Paul McDonald Calvo (born July 25, 1934) is an Guamanian politician. He was the third elected Governor of Guam from January 1, 1979 to January 3, 1983. He is a member of the Republican Party. +Calvo was born in Agana, Guam. He studied at Santa Clara University. His son, Eddie Calvo, was elected governor of Guam in 2011. + += = = Carlos G. Camacho = = = +Carlos Garcia Camacho (November 16, 1924 – December 6, 1979) was a Guamanian politician and member of the Republican Party. He served as the last appointed Governor of Guam from 1969 to 1971 and the first elected Governor of Guam from 1971 to 1975. +Camacho died on December 6, 1979 in Tamunimg, Guam from a heart attack, aged 55. + += = = Carlos Camacho = = = +Carlos G. Camacho is the former Governor of Guam. +Carlos Camacho may also refer to: + += = = Carlos S. Camacho = = = +Carlos Sablan Camacho (born February 27, 1937) was the first elected Governor of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, a commonwealth of the United States. He served as governor from January 9, 1978 through January 11, 1982. He was a member of the Democratic. +Camacho was born in Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands. He studied at the University of Hawaii and at the Fiji School of Medicine. + += = = Peter Tali Coleman = = = +Peter Tali Coleman (December 8, 1919 – April 28, 1997) was an American politician. He was the first person of Samoan descent to be appointed Governor of American Samoa and later became the territory's first popularly elected governor. +He was a member of the Republican Party, he is the only U.S. governor whose service spanned five decades (1956–1961, 1978–1985 and 1989–1993) and one of the longest-serving governors of any jurisdiction in American history. +Coleman died in Honolulu, Hawaii on April 28, 1997 from complications of liver cancer, aged 77. + += = = A. P. Lutali = = = +Aifili Paulo Lauvao (December 24, 1919 – August 1, 2002) was an American politician. He served twice as governor of American Samoa from 1985 through 89 and again from 1993 through 1997. He was the founder of the U.S territory's Democratic Party. He had a long career in the legislature and the judiciary in American Samoa. +Lutali was born in Aunu'u Island, American Samoa. He was elected to the American Samoa House of Representatives in 1955 and served as its speaker from 1955 through 1958. Lutali died on August 1, 2002 from complications of a stroke at a hospital in Pago Pago, American Samoa, aged 82. + += = = Kay Starr = = = +Katherine Laverne Starks (July 21, 1922 – November 3, 2016), known as Kay Starr, was an American singer. She was popular in the 1940s and 1950s. She is best remembered for introducing two songs that became #1 hits in the 1950s, "Wheel of Fortune" and "The Rock And Roll Waltz". +Starr died on November 3, 2016 at her home in Beverly Hills, California from complications of Alzheimer's disease at the age of 94. + += = = Blinky Bill (2015 movie) = = = +Blinky Bill the Movie is a 2015 Australian computer-animated adventure movie. It is based on the Blinky Bill character, an anthropomorphic koala created by Dorothy Wall for a children's book series in 1933. +Production. +The movie was produced by Flying Bark Productions. It was co-produced by Assemblage Entertainment (India) and Telegael (Ireland). +Plot. +Blinky Bill is a koala with a big imagination. An adventurer at heart, he dreams of leaving the little town of Green Patch and following in his explorer father's footsteps. Mr Bill went missing in the Outback sometime ago and Blinky is the only one who believes his father is still alive. When Blinky discovers a mysterious marker that hints at his Dad's whereabouts, he embarks on a journey that takes him beyond the boundary of Green Patch and into the wild and dangerous Outback. He quickly makes friends with Nutsy, a zoo koala, and Jacko, a nervous frill-necked lizard. Pursued relentlessly by a vengeful feral cat who has a personal score to settle with Blinky, the trio must learn to work together if they ever want to survive the rugged Australian landscape and find Blinky's father! +Heroes. +This is an important list about the heroes who appear in the movie. +Villains. +This is an important list about the villains who appear in the movie. + += = = Ryan Kwanten = = = +Ryan Kwanten (born 28 November 1976) is an Australian actor. He played Vinnie Patterson from 1997 to 2002 in the Australian soap opera "Home and Away". After his stint ended he joined the American teen drama series "Summerland", portraying Jay Robertson. In 2008, he was cast as Jason Stackhouse in "True Blood", he roles the animated voice talents in "" and "Blinky Bill the Movie". + += = = David Wenham = = = +David Wenham (born 21 September 1965) is an Australian actor who has appeared in movies, television series and theatre productions. He is known in Hollywood for his roles as Faramir in "The Lord of the Rings" movie trilogy, Carl in "Van Helsing", Dilios in "300" and its sequel ', Al Parker in "Top of the Lake", and Lieutenant John Scarfield in '. He is known in his native Australia for his role as Diver Dan in "SeaChange". Wenham was born in Marrickville, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. + += = = Robin McLeavy = = = +Robin McLeavy (born 19 June 1981) is an actress from Sydney, Australia. +Filmography. +Accolades. +In 2012, McLeavy was nominated for the Fangoria Chainsaw Award for Best Leading Actress for "The Loved Ones", but lost against Elizabeth Olsen for "Silent House". + += = = Deborah Mailman = = = +Deborah Mailman (born 14 July 1972) is an Australian television film actress, and singer. She was the first Aboriginal actress to win the Australian Film Institute Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and had gone on to win four more both in television and film. The awards are now known as the AACTA Awards. +She is well known for having played the character Kelly Lewis on successful Australian television series, "The Secret Life of Us". She is also well known for her current role as Cherie Butterfield in the successful Australian drama series "Offspring". She also portrayed the role of Lorraine in the rotating cast of the acclaimed Australian TV series about Aboriginal life "Redfern Now". +She starred in lead roles in the acclaimed films "Rabbit-Proof Fence", "Oddball", "The Sapphires", "Blinky Bill", and "Paper Planes". + += = = Enantiornithes = = = +Enantiornithes is a group of extinct avialans ("birds" in the broad sense). They are the most abundant and diverse group known from the Mesozoic era. +Most had teeth and clawed fingers on each wing, but otherwise looked much like modern birds. Over 80 species of enantiornitheans have been named, but some names represent only single bones, so probably not all are valid species. +Enantiornitheans became extinct at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary, as did the hesperornithids and all other non-avian dinosaurs. The Enantiornithes are thought to have left no living descendants. +The name "Enantiornithes" means "opposite birds", from Ancient Greek "enantios" ("��������") "opposite" + "ornithes" ("�������") "birds" . The name was coined by Cyril Alexander Walker in a landmark paper which established the group. In his paper, Walker explained what he meant by "opposite": +This refers to an anatomical feature. The articulation of the shoulder bones has a concave-convex socket joint which is the reverse of the joint in modern birds. + += = = Barry Otto = = = +Barry Otto (born 1941) is an Australian actor and voice actor, primarily of cinema. He is also an amateur artist. +Career. +Otto received an AACTA Award for Best Supporting Actor in "Strictly Ballroom". He was also nominated for "Bliss", "Cosi" and "The More Things Change...". Otto portrayed Administrator Allsop in Australia in 2008. He has appeared in "The Dressmaker", "Kiss or Kill", "Dead Letter Office", "The Visitor", "The Great Gatsby", "", "Love's Brother", "Blinky Bill". +An amateur artist, he often paints members of his family. Otto has twice entered the Archibald Prize. He is the father of actresses Gracie and Miranda Otto. + += = = History of the automobile = = = +The early history of the automobile can be divided into a number of eras, based on the method of propulsion. Later periods were defined by trends in exterior styling, size, and utility preferences. The question of who invented the first automobile depends on how automobiles are defined. +Evolution of the automobile. +Invention era. +This is the period starts with the car made by Karl Benz in 1885. There were earlier inventions that used mainly steam-power to move the vehicles but the Benz car was the first to use a gasoline powered internal combustion engine in what could be called an automobile. The period goes up to the start of the production of Henry Ford's Model T. +Manufacturing era. +This period dates from 1908 to 1914 and the beginning of World War I. While earlier designs were more ornamental, vehicles from this period are simpler and more affordable. It is the time when hundreds of smaller automobile manufacturers were trying to compete for attention and sales. A number of improvements were developed during this time. These include the electric ignition system, four-wheel brakes and the independent suspension. Transmissions were adopted. Along with throttle controls, these allowed the vehicles to travel at a number of speeds depending on conditions. +Coachwork era. +From about 1920 to 1930, car manufacturers began creating a closed body on the vehicle. This protected the driver and passengers from the weather. Vehicles began using curved glass and the new enclosed bodies gave a sense of privacy. Heaters were added for comfort. Many of the features of modern cars came from this period. These include four-wheel drive, front-wheel drive, and hybrid electric vehicles. Safety glass protected those inside the car from sharp glass in cases of an accident. By the end of the 1920s cars were becoming faster and were showing a level of style and beauty. +Classic era. +The classic era began about 1930 during the Great Depression and ended just before World War II. The Great Depression was a time when many in the United States were just trying to survive. But it is also the era of some of the most significant improvements to the automobile. Cars took on a great deal of style and sophistication. They became works of art in many cases. +Many new features were introduced during this era including the automatic transmission, the V-8, the V-12 and the V-16 engines. The gearshift lever moved to the steering column, hydraulic brakes were introduced for faster stopping and cars got trunks to carry luggage and cargo. +The car industry changed during the 1930s. It saw the rise of the Big Three automakers. These were General Motors, Ford Motor Company and Chrysler. They were able to successfully design and sell cars during the Great Depression when fewer people could afford a new car. +Integration period. +In 1949, the automobile industry finally got back on its feet after World War II. This same year General Motors, Cadillac and Oldsmobile introduced the integrated one-piece automobile body. The process joined all the different parts of the body into one body shell. Cars produced during this period concentrated on safety. Cars were big during this time. But in the late 1960s carmakers tried to market much smaller cars. The attempts by General Motors, Chrysler and Ford were all marketing failures. Instead, what sold was the performance car. Cars like the Ford Mustang and the Plymouth Barracuda were very successful. During the late 1950s, many smaller countries began producing cars. Both India and Iran were making cars from about 1959. The first Indian car design from 1950 was very similar to the Opel Kapitän. The first Iranian cars were very similar to several American cars. Both were designed in the United Kingdom. +Modern era. +This period started about 1968 and continues to today. Body styles changed dramatically. The three most popular are the hatchback, the Minivan and the Sport utility vehicle (SUV). Starting in the Integration period, car manufacturers began designing cars for men while others are designed to attract women. The body shapes, colors and other cues are designed to appeal to a particular sex. +Today, women tend to prefer crossovers more than men. Examples are the Kia Sportage and the Honda CR-V. Men seem to prefer powerful cars like the Chevrolet Camaro and the GMC Sierra pickup truck. In car colors, men seem to prefer brighter colors while more women seem to prefer traditional neutral colors. + += = = Arrondissement of Rethel = = = +The arrondissement of Rethel is an arrondissement of France in the Ardennes department in the Grand Est region. Its capital is the city of Rethel. +It is in the southwest of the department with an area of , the second smallest "arrondissement" of the department. It has 37,142 inhabitants and a density of inhabitants/km2. +History. +When the Ardennes department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Rethel was part of that original department. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Rethel is bordered to the north by the "arrondissement" of Charleville-Mézières, to the east by the "arrondissement" of Vouziers, to the south by the Marne department and to the west by the Aisne department. +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +The cantons in the "arrondissement" of Rethel are (with their INSEE codes): +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Rethel has 101 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes): +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Arrondissement of Sedan = = = +The arrondissement of Sedan is an arrondissement of France in the Ardennes department in the Grand Est region. Its capital is the city of Sedan. +It is the most eastern of the "arrondissements" of the department and has an area of , the smallest "arrondissement" of the department. It has 59,584 inhabitants and a density of inhabitants/km2. +History. +When the Ardennes department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Sedan was part of that original department. +On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissement" of Sedan was eliminated but in 1942 it was made again an "arrondissement". +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Sedan is bordered to the north by Belgium (Luxembourg province), to the east by the Meuse department, to the south by the "arrondissement" of Vouziers and to the west by the "arrondissement" of Charleville-Mézières. +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +There are 5 cantons in the "arrondissement" of Sedan; they are (with their INSEE codes): +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Sedan has 73 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes): +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Antero de Quental = = = +Antero de Quental (1842-1891) - Portuguese thinker and poet, leader of generation of seventies. +Biography. +Antero Tarquínio de Quental was born on 18 April 1842 in Ponta Delgada in the islands of Azores. He was a son of Fernando de Quental, a former soldier, and his wife Ana Guilhermina da Maia. He studied at the University of Coimbra and soon became a leader of his fellow students. He protested against the shape of Portuguese poetry of the time. He shot himself on 11 september 1891 in his native town. +Works. +During his stay at the university he wrote "Raios de Extincta Luz" ("Rays of Vanishing Light") and "Primaveras Românticas" ("Romantic Springtimes"). Antero de Quental's most famous work however is "Odes Modernas", published in 1865. He wrote in the first place sonnets. They were translated into English in 1922 by Sylvanus Griswold Morley as "Sonnets and poems of Anthero de Quental". He wrote essays, too, for example "Bom Senso e Bom Gosto" ("Good Sense and Good Taste"). + += = = Arrondissement of Vouziers = = = +The arrondissement of Vouziers is an arrondissement of France in the Ardennes department in the Grand Est region. Its capital is the city of Vouziers. +It is in the southeast of the department with an area of , the second largest "arrondissement" of the department, but the one with fewest people living in it with 22,050 inhabitants and a density of inhabitants/km2. +History. +When the Ardennes department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Vouziers was part of that original department. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Vouziers is bordered to the northwest by the "arrondissement" of Charleville-Mézières, to the north by the "arrondissement" of Sedan, to the east by the Meuse department, to the south by the Marne department and to west by the "arrondissement" of Rethel. +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +There are only two cantons in the "arrondissement" of Vouziers: +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Vouziers has 118 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Mose Allison = = = +Mose John Allison, Jr. (November 11, 1927 – November 15, 2016) was an American jazz blues pianist, singer and songwriter. It was not until 1963 that his record label allowed him to release an album entirely of vocals. He was known for his songs "Parchman Songs" and "Young Man Blues". +Allison died on November 15, 2016 at his home in Hilton Head, South Carolina from natural causes, ages 89. + += = = Robert A. McDonald = = = +Robert Alan McDonald (born June 20, 1953) was the eighth United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs. He is the retired chairman, president, and CEO of Procter & Gamble. On July 29, 2014, the U.S. Senate voted 97-0 to confirm McDonald as President Barack Obama's choice to succeed General Eric Shinseki as the Secretary of Veterans Affairs. On July 30, 2014 he was sworn into office. + += = = Steven Mnuchin = = = +Steven Terner Mnuchin (born December 21, 1962) is an American banker, movie producer and political fundraiser. He was the 77th United States Secretary of the Treasury, under the Trump Administration from February 13, 2017 to January 20, 2021. +Early life. +Mnuchin was born to a Jewish family, circa 1963. He is the son of Elaine Terner Cooper and Robert E. Mnuchin. He earned his Bachelor of Arts degree at Yale University. +Career. +Mnuchin had a fortune estimated at over $40 million while working for Goldman Sachs. In 2002, Mnuchin left Goldman and worked briefly for his Yale roommate Edward Lampert, chief executive of Sears. He also briefly worked for Soros Fund Management. +In Hollywood, Mnuchin, along with movie producer Brett Ratner and financier James Packer, working with RatPac-Dune Entertainment, produced "American Sniper" and "". +Political activity. +Mnuchin supported Mitt Romney during the 2012 U.S. presidential election. +Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign. +In May 2016, he was named finance chair of the Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign. After Trump won the presidency, he is seen as Trump's top pick for United States Secretary of the Treasury. +United States Secretary of the Treasury (2017–2021). +On November 30, 2016 it was announced that Mnuchin would be nominated as Secretary of the Treasury in the coming administration of President-elect Donald Trump. +On February 13, 2017, Mnuchin was confirmed by a 53–47 vote in the U.S. Senate. He was sworn-in by Vice President Mike Pence the same day. +As Secretary of the Treasury, Mnuchin has been a supporter of proposed tax reform, and for reducing corporate tax rates. Mnuchin supports a partial repeal of Dodd-Frank. Mnuchin's use of government aircraft for personal usage has come under fire from watchdog groups. +Personal life. +In 1999, he married Heather deForest Crosby, who was his second wife, and they had three children together. They divorced in 2014. He married actress Louise Linton in 2017. They lived in Los Angeles, California and currently lives in Washington, D.C.. + += = = Fugitive slave laws = = = +The Fugitive Slave Acts were two federal laws that concerned runaway slaves in the United States. The two acts were passed in 1793 and in 1850. They required federal involvement in catching runaway slaves in Northern States. The laws were designed to protect Southern slave owners. They required those states and jurisdictions to help in the capture and delivery of fugitive slaves. The laws were very unpopular in the North. They caused a great deal of resentment in the years leading up to the American Civil War. +Background. +Slavery in America began in the English colony of Jamestown in 1619. It started with the purchase of 20 Africans from an English warship named the "White Lyon." The Colonists in the Virginia Colony bought the contracts of the Africans as indentured servants. Not long after this it became a custom to hold slaves for life in the colonies. During the 17th and 18th centuries, slaves were used to raise crops of tobacco and food crops. After the invention of the cotton gin in 1793, cotton became the most important crop. At this point slavery became a critical part of the South's economy. +The issue of slavery caused difficulties for the United States almost from its beginning as a country. The framers of the Constitution used ambiguous language regarding the holding of slaves. Neither the word "slave" or "slavery" were used in the Constitution. The problem was in creating a democracy that ensured its citizens freedom while keeping a considerable part of the population in slavery without any freedoms. +In the United States, up to the 1860s, slaves and indentured servants were treated as personal property. They were subject to the property laws of the individual states. At first, most of the laws concerned indentured servants. But the laws began to differentiate between indentured servants and slaves around the middle of the 17th century. They also began to differentiate between races. People of African descent began to be held as slaves for life. +Men and women slaves were generally treated the same under most state laws. However, some states had laws that applied only to women slaves. For example, Virginia passed laws punishing women who had children by their masters. They also confirmed the slave status of any children born of a "Negro or mulatto women". Great Britain had a structured system whereby children claimed their lineage through their father. This also applied to illegitimate children (parents were not married). Virginia was the first colony to change this. Slave children were considered the same race and status as the mother, even if the child was fathered by a white man. Laws concerning rape did not apply to black and Indian women. A slave woman could not defend herself against the attack by a white person. If she did, she was subject to beatings. While it was illegal to have relations with a slave woman, the laws were not usually enforced. This system increased the wealth of slave owners. They did not have to buy slaves if they could breed their own. +Slaves, whether born into slavery or purchased as a slave, had no legal rights. The United States Supreme Court decision "Dred Scott v. Sandford" (1857) confirmed that slaves were not citizens of the United States nor of any state they reside in. In 1868 the Fourteenth Amendment overturned the Dred Scott decision. +Early pro-slavery legislation. +Northwest Ordinance 1787. +The Northwest Ordinance (1787) was an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States (before the United States Constitution). It created the Northwest Territory, the first organized territory of the United States. The Ordinance provided that the territory would be formed into "not less than three nor more than five States". +The territory was made up of lands beyond the Appalachian Mountains. It was south of British North America and the Great Lakes. It was north of the Ohio River. Article VI of the Northwest Ordinance prohibited slavery in the new territory. However, it contained a provision that any fugitive slaves caught in the territory would be returned to their owners. It also did not place any restrictions on slavery within any new states formed from the Northwest Territory. Southerners had no problems with the ban on slavery. They thought that most of the new settlers would come from Southern states. Once a state was formed, the former Southerners would vote to allow slavery. However, none of the states formed from the Northwest Territory ended up allowing slavery. +U.S. Constitution 1789. +When the United States Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation in 1789, Article Four of the United States Constitution contained the Fugitive Slave Clause. It states: +Fugitive slave acts. +Fugitive Slave Act 1793. +While Article IV, Section 2 of the United States Constitution did guarantee the right of slave owners to reclaim fugitive slaves. However, it did not set up the legal mechanism. The Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 passed by the second Congress added that mechanism. It authorized the arrest of runaway slaves and gave any magistrate of a town, city or county to rule on the arrest. The slave hunter only had to state the person captured was a runaway slave. No proof was required and there was no trial. It added a fine of $500 to any person who helped a runaway slave. It was passed in response to the rise of abolitionism in the North and also to the Underground Railroad that was set up to help slaves escape the South. +Fugitive Slave Act 1850. +The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was a controversial part of the Compromise of 1850. The 1850 slave law added penalties for officials who did not arrest alleged runaway slaves. It fined them $1,000. Any law enforcement official was required to arrest anyone suspected of being a runaway slave. All that was required was a persons sworn testimony of ownership. As before there was no trial and the suspect could not testify on their own behalf. Anyone who provided food or shelter to any suspected runaway slave was subject to six months in prison and a fine of $1,000. An officer who captured a runaway slave would get a bonus or a promotion. The 1850 law provided for special commissioners to decide if the alleged fugitive was to be returned to slavery. He received $10 if the fugitive was returned, but only $5 if the fugitive was freed. This amounted to a legal form of bribery. This caused a large number of free blacks to be sent into slavery. +Results of the slave law. +The 1850 Fugitive Slave Law caused outrage in the Northern States. It caused thousands of Northerners to be convinced slavery should not be allowed in the western territories. Eight states in the North passed "personal liberty" laws. These prevented any official from helping to return a runaway slave. Southerners regarded these laws as being illegal attempts to prevent the return of their slaves. In the North, free black communities provided runaway slaves with sanctuary and hid them from the hired kidnappers searching for them. About 15,000 free blacks emigrated to Canada, the Caribbean and Africa after the 1850 law was passed. Thousands of others including free blacks were not so lucky and were sent South. +In 1851, a gun battle broke out between abolitionists and slave catchers in Christiana, Pennsylvania. In Wisconsin a fugitive named Joshua Glover was forcibly freed from a jail. In Boston, a mob tried to free a fugitive named Anthony Burns. It took 22 companies of state troopers to stop them. The Southern states were completely convinced the North would not follow the slave laws. + += = = Jack Vettriano = = = +Jack Vettriano, OBE (born Jack Hoggan, born 17 November 1951), is a Scottish painter. His 1992 painting, "The Singing Butler", became a best-selling image in Britain. +Jack Vettriano grew up in the industrial seaside town of Methil, Fife. He was raised in poverty, and lived with his mother, father and older brother in a spartan miner’s cottage, sharing a bed with his brother and wearing hand-me-down clothes. From the age of 10, his father sent him out to earn money. His father took half his earnings. Vettriano left school at 16. +Much of his art education came from studying paintings at the Kirkcaldy Museum and Art Gallery. +Paintings. +It is fair to say that Vettriano is controversial. Professional art critics do not seem to like his work, but the public does. He is one of at least three modern British artists to make a great deal of money from his works. +In 1989 Vettriano had two canvases in the Royal Scottish Academy annual show. Both paintings sold on the first day and Vettriano was approached by several galleries. Further exhibitions followed in Edinburgh, London, Hong Kong and Johannesburg. In November 1999, Vettriano’s work was shown for the first time in New York City, when 21 paintings were displayed at The International 20th Century Arts Fair at The Armory. More than 40 collectors from the UK flew out for the event and 20 paintings were sold on the opening night. +His easel paintings cost between £48,000 and £195,000 new. According to "The Guardian" he earns £500,000 a year in print royalties. Vettriano's 1992 painting, "The Singing Butler", has been the best-selling image in Britain. On 21 April 2004 the original canvas of "The Singing Butler" sold at auction for £744,500. It had been rejected in 1992 by the Royal Academy summer exhibition. +In March 2010, "Days Of Wine And Roses" was opened by Scottish First Minister Alex Salmond at the Kirkcaldy Museum. The exhibition then transferred to Vettriano's gallery in London. +In February 2011, it was announced that Vettriano's self-portrait "The Weight" would be displayed at the re-opened Scottish National Portrait Gallery from November 2011, the first time he had exhibited at a national gallery. Deputy director Nicola Kalinsky said Vettriano was "a figure we have wanted on our wall for a while for obvious reasons". First Minister, Alex Salmond said of Vettriano, "He is a wonderful artist of considerable talent and achievement and this is a magnificent tribute to the special place he holds in the hearts of people in Scotland." +In September 2013, a major retrospective of Vettriano's work opened at Glasgow's Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum. 'Jack Vettriano: A Retrospective' ran until 23 February 2014 and featured over 100 works. + += = = Devendra Jhajharia = = = +Devendra Jhajharia (born 10 June 1981) is an Indian Paralympic javelin thrower competing in F46 events. The first Indian Paralympian to win two gold medals at the Paralympics, he won his first gold in the javelin throw at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens, becoming only the second gold medalist at the Paralympics for his country.[1] At the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, he won a second gold medal in the same event, bettering his previous record.[2] Devendra is currently being supported by the GoSports Foundation[3] through the Para Champions Programme. +h + += = = Umayyad conquest of Hispania = = = +The Umayyad conquest of Hispania was the expansion of the Umayyad Caliphate over Hispania, from 711 to 788. +The conquest destroyed the Visigothic Kingdom and set up the Emirate of Cordova under Abd ar-Rahman I. This completed al-Andalus, the unification of Muslim-ruled Iberia (756–788). The conquest was the westernmost expansion of the Umayyad Caliphate and Muslim rule into Europe. Charles Martel defeated them in the Battle of Tours, so they did not conquer France. +The conquering army was made up mainly of Berbers (north-western Africa). They had only recently come under Muslim influence. They arrived in early 711 at Gibraltar. +The Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus was overthrown around 750 AD, but continued in al-Andalus until 1031. +The period from 710 to the fall of the last Islamic state in the Battle of Granada in 1492 is called the "Reconquista". + += = = John Brown's Body (poem) = = = +John Brown's Body is an epic poem by American poet Stephen Vincent Benét. +History. +In 1925 Stephen Vincent Benét decided to write a long poem. With this proposal he approached the Guggenheim Foundation. He asked for 2 500 dollars and got it. Then he went to France. He settled in Paris and began to write. The poem was published in 1928. At once it became very popular. No American poem gained such popularity earlier. Ever Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's works were not so widely read. 130 000 copies of the book were sold during two years. For this poem the poet received the Pulitzer Prize in 1929. Many years later he got the second Pulitzer Prize for the poem "Western Star". +Form. +The poem in written in many measures. The poet employs both regular blank verse, free verse and different stanzas. This fragment is an example of classical blank verse. +From time to time the poet uses alliteration. +The story told. +John Brown's Body is a poem about Civil War in America. The story begins with John Brown and his deeds. It ends with general Lee’s surrender at Appomattox. In this work historical and fictional persons are presented together. In 1953 Charles Laughton turned the poem into a play. It was performed in many theatres in America. + += = = Slave Power = = = +Slave Power, also called the Slave Power conspiracy and Slaveocracy, was a term first used by abolitionists in 1839 and was in common use by the 1850s. It referred to the economic, social and political influence held by slaveholders in the Southern United States. Southern slaveholders had a great deal power in Congress and many other federal offices up to and including the presidency. This is in spite of the fact they made up only a small minority of the population of the nation. These few very powerful men used their influence to maintain the institution of slavery. The fear in the North was that the slave power conspiracy intended to not only to spread slavery to the Western territories but to all the states in the North. +Background. +Slavery in America began in the English colony of Jamestown in 1619. It started with the purchase of 20 Africans from an English warship named the "White Lyon." The Colonists in the Virginia Colony bought the contracts of the Africans as indentured servants. It became a custom to hold slaves for life in the colonies. During the 17th and 18th centuries, slaves were used to raise crops of tobacco and food crops. After the invention of the cotton gin in 1793, cotton became the most important crop. Slavery became a critical part of the South's economy. +By the late 1850s, there was a widespread belief that a slaveholding oligarchy ran the country. That they ran it for their own benefit to spread slavery was also a popular belief. It was what Abraham Lincoln and the new Republican Party used to gain political power. It was also popular among conspiracy theorists. The Free Soil Party in the 1840s and the Republicans in the 1850s gave Slave Power its credibility. On March 12, 1857, the Cincinnati Daily Commercial published an article about Slave Power. The article called the United States "one great homogeneous slave-holding community" and said slavery had removed all state boundaries. It charged that Slave Power had three objectives. These were: to reopen the slave trade; to extend slavery to the entire country and beyond; and to make the white man a slave to the slave-holding Southern aristocracy and the Northern capitalists. +After 1850, Southern slaveholders had been lobbying for the reopening of the slave trade. So that charge seemed valid. Abolitionists had ample evidence Slave Power wanted to extend slavery to all the states and even the hemisphere. The third claim, that white men would become slaves to the Slave Power was harder to prove even though many believed it was true. +Those who defended slavery had a number of arguments to justify the institution. They said abolition would destroy the economy of the South. Without slave labor they could not raise cotton, tobacco or rice. Freeing the slaves would cause widespread unemployment, it would lead to uprisings, bloodshed and complete chaos. They pointed to the French Revolution as an example. They pointed out slavery had existed all through history. It was in the Bible and even Abraham had slaves. Their legal argument pointed to the Supreme Court of the United States who decided in "Dred Scott v. Sandford" (1857) that blacks were not citizens but were property. +Economic power. +Southern plantations could be very profitable. Sources differ as to just how profitable they were. Between 1770–1860, land was abundant and easy to obtain making it virtually worthless by itself. It was hard to get rich by just owning land. The Southern elite got very wealthy by owning the labor force that produced the crops on the land. The value of the slaves themselves was between one and two years of the entire national income of the United States. Only a small minority held slaves and it was limited to the Southern United States. Slaves were the real wealth. +A study by Alfred Conrad and John Meyer computed the rate of return for "slave capital". They calculated that slave ownership was at least equal to other forms of investments and higher than most. Slave ownership alone could return as high as 13% per year while railroad bonds would return 6–8%. +The slave trade was banned in the United States after January 1, 1808. Slave ownership was still legal, but no more African slaves could be brought into the country. Until that time slave traders had become very wealthy by transporting slaves. +Examples of the enormous wealth of Southern slave owners includes Joshua John Ward of Georgetown County, South Carolina. He owned 1,130 slaves and controlled six large plantations. In 1850, he grew of rice earning his nickname as the "King of the Rice Planters". Another was Stephen Duncan. He was the wealthiest cotton planter before the Civil War. Over his lifetime he owned more than 2,000 slaves. He owned 15 plantations. The largest one used 858 slaves. +Political power. +The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was a large political concession given to the South. It created a new commission that acted similar to the United States Marshals Service but with several differences. They were paid a reward by the federal government for each slave (or those who were claimed to be slaves) that was captured. They quickly became the largest federal employer at the time. The new act was anything but pro-States' rights as Northern state laws were ignored. There was no due process of law. In short, the Fugitive Slave act gave Southern states the power over the laws of Northern states by using the federal government to do their bidding. +The Act of 1850 alarmed Northerners both black and white. Free blacks had much to fear about being kidnapped and finding themselves a captive slave in the South. Northern whites were alarmed because their communities were being assaulted by slave hunters. Northerners saw this as proof positive of a Slave Power conspiracy that was threatening their liberty. +Northern Free-Soilers and Republicans had their differences. But one thing they agreed on was they both opposed slavery expanding to the territories. Both opposed the Southern planters who they called "slave oligarchs". Together they had an advantage over earlier attempts by political parties to oppose slavery. Earlier, Northern politicians had to go easy on slavery issues because they needed the political power of the Southerners to win national elections. For that reason they supported slaveholding presidents, congressmen and senators. But the Republicans and Free-Soilers did not need to please the Southern politicians and they attacked their power at every opportunity. They brought up old arguments that Slave Power had too long held power in American politics. That argument was used when Thomas Jefferson had been elected president. It came up when Missouri was admitted as a slave state in 1820 and again in 1845 when Texas was annexed. This time the Republicans hammered the idea hard. It hurt Northern Democrats the most. Republicans won many offices in the North that had been held by Democrats for decades. In the 1860 election, the Democrats split between North and South with each supporting their own candidate. This allowed Lincoln to win even though he did not have a majority. This ended the Slave Power dominance in politics and was a contributing factor to the American Civil War. +Presidents who owned slaves. +Most Antebellum Period presidents were not only from the South, but also owned slaves themselves. Many figured prominently in maintaining the economics of slavery. One reason for so many Southern presidents is that they benefited from the electoral college advantage they held, especially those from the largest slaveholding state, Virginia. In the Constitutional Convention (1787) delegates from Northern states did not want slaves counted as each being one person for the purposes of a state's representation in Congress. Southern delegates wanted slaves to count as individuals even though they could not vote. The delegates finally arrived at the Three-Fifths Compromise. In Article I, section 2 of the United States Constitution, calling slaves by the euphemism "all other persons", the founders counted each slave as three-fifths of a person. This gave slave states one-third more seats in Congress than they would otherwise have based on the number of citizens they had. This factor was decisive in the 1800 presidential election giving Thomas Jefferson the win by the House of Representatives. +One of the key reasons Washington, D.C. was selected as the United States Capitol was that it located around a slave town, Alexandria, Virginia. New York City was in a free state and in Philadelphia a slave could only be kept for six months before being freed. This was inconvenient for slave owning politicians. Also, Washington D.C. was promoted by George Washington, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison—three key Southerners who owned slaves. <br> + += = = Neotribalism = = = +Neotribalism (neo-tribalism; modern tribalism) is a sociological concept. The idea is that human beings have evolved to live in tribal society, as opposed to mass society. So they will naturally form social networks of new "tribes". + += = = Rory's Place = = = +Rory's Place is an American children's television series produced by Johnny Devon. The series premiered on Ready Set Learn as part of the TLC programming block on September 27, 1997 and ended on January 23, 1999. +The series premiered on Ready Set Learn as part of the TLC programming block on September 27, 1997 and ended on January 23, 1999. + += = = Protests against Donald Trump = = = +Protests against Donald Trump occurred in the United States in 2016. They occurred because of Trump's presidential campaign, and because of the results of the 2016 presidential election. +During Trump's presidential campaign, activists organized demonstrations inside Trump rallies who sometimes called for the rallies to be shut down. +After Trump won the presidential election, students and activists made larger protests in several major cities across the United States. The protesters chanted that Trump is "Not my President!" and other slogans. + += = = Tory Lanez = = = +Daystar Peterson (born July 27, 1992), better known by his stage name Tory Lanez, is a Canadian rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. Lanez was perhaps first recognized for his 2014 mixtape "Lost Cause" and his single "Say It" (2015). Lanez is signed to Mad Love Records and Interscope Records. His single "Say It" peaked at number 23 on the Billboard Hot 100. +Legal trouble. +On July 12, 2020, Lanez was charged with carrying a concealed weapon. While being arrested, he was pulled over in a limo with fellow rapper Megan Thee Stallion. Megan exited the car with an injured foot. She said it was because of broken glass but she later said that it was from a bullet. +He denied shooting Megan on his fifth studio album "Daystar". +In October 2020, he was charged with felony counts of assault with a semiautomatic firearm, personal use of a firearm, and carrying a loaded, unregistered firearm in a vehicle. On December 23, 2022, a jury convicted him on three charges. On August 8, 2023, he was sentenced to 10 years in prison. + += = = Turkification = = = +Turkification was the process of turning a culturally, linguistically, or ethnically non-Turkish area into a cultural, linguistic, or Turkish area. Turkification was sometimes voluntary and sometimes forced. Turkey was once the home to many different ethnic groups before the arrival of the Turks. Among these groups were Greeks, Kurds, Armenians, and many more. These groups had been subjected to centuries of cultural assimilation. However, under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, these groups were subjected to a second wave of forced Turkification, this time targeting their languages. +Turkification partially explains why Turkish culture is a mixture of Western, Islamic, and Shamanistic cultures. + += = = Zugangserschwerungsgesetz = = = +The Zugangserschwerungsgesetz was a German law which aimed to make the access to child pornography over the internet more difficult. It was in use in 2010 and 2011. + += = = Newton Aycliffe = = = +Newton Aycliffe is a town in County Durham, England. It is about 5 miles north of Darlington. It makes up a part of the civil parish of Great Aycliffe. It has a town centre, Beveridge Way, and has a few superstores and supermarkets including Aldi and Tesco. + += = = NP-hardness = = = +An NP-hard problem is a type of mathematical problem used in computer science. It is a yes/no problem where finding a solution for it is at least as hard as finding a solution for the hardest problem whose solution can quickly be checked as being true. Some NP-hard problems are ones where a working solution can be checked quickly (NP problems) and some are not. NP-hard problems that are also NP problems fit into a category called NP-complete. +Examples. +An example of a problem that is at least as hard to solve as any other problem that we can quickly check solutions for, which is also quickly checkable (it is both NP-hard and NP): +A travelling salesman wants to visit 100 cities by driving, starting and ending his trip at home. He has a limited supply of gasoline, so he can only drive a total of 10,000 kilometers. He wants to know if he can visit all of the cities without running out of gasoline. +People don't know how to solve this problem faster than testing every possible answer, but if a solution is found that allows the salesman to do this, we can use an algorithm check that it is true. This problem is also known as Travelling salesman problem. +An example of a problem that is at least as hard to solve as any other problem that we can quickly check solutions for, but that can not be checked quickly (it is NP-hard, but it is not NP): +if someone starts a program that simply goes, +and never stops it, will it run forever? +There is no known way to find a solution to all problems of this kind, and this also cannot be checked. + += = = Vernamiège = = = +Vernamiège was a municipality in the district Hérens in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2011, the former municipalities of Vernamiège, Mase and Nax merged into the new municipality of Mont-Noble. + += = = Lake Louise (Alberta) = = = +Lake Louise, also called Lake of the Little Fishes by the Stoney Nakota First Nations people, is a glacial lake within Banff National Park in Alberta, Canada. The village of Lake Louise is on the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1), which is west of Banff, Alberta. The emerald color of the water comes from rock flour carried into the lake by melt-water from the glaciers that overlook the lake. The lake has a surface of and is drained through the 3 km long "Louise Creek" into the Bow River. Moraine Lake and Lake Agnes are also accessible from Lake Louise. +Lake Louise was originally named "Emerald Lake". In 1884 the name was changed, naming it after the daughter of Queen Victoria, Princess Louise Caroline Alberta. + += = = Anastasio Somoza García = = = +Anastasio Somoza García (1 February 1896 – 29 September 1956) was the President and dictator of Nicaragua from 1937 until his death in 1956. He ran one of the most corrupt governments in history. But because his administration was anti-communist he was supported by the United States. García was the son of a wealthy coffee planter. He was educated in Philadelphia where he met and married Salvadora Debayle Sacasa. She was also from a wealthy Nicaraguan family. He became very wealthy through investments in land, transport, real estate and manufacturing. After winning the 1936 Presidential Election, he took control of the National Guard. He placed family members in key positions of the government. He and his family controlled the Nationalist Liberal Party which controlled the legislature and Judiciary. This gave him absolute control of the country. On September 21, 1956 he was shot in León, Nicaragua by a poet. He died eight days later. His family continued to rule in Nicaragua for two more decades. + += = = Stevo Todorčević = = = +Stevo Todorčević (; born February 9, 1955) is a Canadian-French-Serbian mathematician, one of the world’s leading logicians and a world leader in set theory and its applications to pure mathematics. He is a Canada Research Chair Professor in mathematics at the University of Toronto, and a senior director of research at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) in Paris. +Early life and education. +Todorčević was born at Ubovića Brdo, Bosnia and Herzegovina where he lived until the second grade of primary school. After, his family moved to Banatsko Novo Selo where he finished primary school. He enrolled "Uroš Predić" grammar school in Pančevo. He demonstrated his talent and affinity toward mathematics in the third and fourth years of the grammar school. After finishing grammar school he enrolled Faculty of Science, Belgrade University, where he studied pure mathematics. During his undergraduate studies he attended Đuro Kurepa's advanced mathematical classes. In 1978 he finished graduate studies. Kurepa validated Todorčević's master thesis as good enough to be accepted as a doctoral thesis. Regardless, Todorčević wrote his doctoral thesis in 1979 with Kurepa as his advisory. In his address, preceding the oral defense of the doctoral thesis, Kurepa stressed that he was not able to find external readers of the Stevo's doctoral thesis in Yugoslavia, capable of fully understanding and evaluating Stevo's work, and turned to two university professors from England. Kurepa added that Stevo's talent was a miracle and that Stevo was the most talented out of the 40 Ph.D. students he advised in the past. +Career. +According to the Centre de Recherches Mathématiques, the Fields Institute and the Pacific Institute for Mathematical Sciences announcement, as of December 14, 2014,his work is recognized for its striking originality and technical brilliance. He was an invited speaker at the 1998 ICM in Berlin for his discovery and work on rho-functions. He made major contributions to the study of S- and L-spaces in topology, proved a remarkable classification theorem for transitive relations on the first uncountable ordinal, made a deep study of compact subsets of the Baire class 1 functions thus continuing work of Bourgain, Fremlin, Talagrand, and others in Banach space theory. Together with P. Larson he completed the solution of Katetov’s old compact spaces metrization problem. Among the most striking recent accomplishments of Todorčević (and co-authors) are major contributions to the von Neumann and Maharam problems on Boolean algebras, the theory of non-separable Banach spaces, including the solution of an old problem of Davis and Johnson, the solution of a long-standing problem of Laver, and the development of a duality theory relating finite Ramsey theory and topological dynamics. +Further, Todorčević is known for his the side-condition method in set-theoretic forcing, the invention and development of walks on ordinals and their characteristics, and other research that bridge between different areas of mathematics. +Todorčević's first recognized contribution to Set theory was given in his 1978 Master’s Thesis. He constructed a model of formula_1 in a way to allow him to make the continuum any regular cardinal and derived a variety of topological consequences of formula_2 Here formula_3 is an abbreviation for Martin's Axiom and formula_4– for weak Kurepa Hypothesis. +Todorčević earned his doctoral degree in 1979 at the University of Belgrade with Đuro Kurepa as advisor and Keith Devlin as outside reader. Devlin attended the defense; he encouraged Todorčević to visit Jerusalem where he attended Saharon Shelah's lectures on forcing. +In the July–August 1980 Todorčević attended the six-week summer school called Settop held in Toronto. At the conference, Todorčević along with Abraham had proved the existence of rigid Aronszajn trees and the consistency of formula_5 + there exists a first countable formula_6-space. formula_7 is an abbreviation for the Continuum Hypotesis. +He gave a survey of work on trees from combinatorial and set-theoretic perspectives, in the 1980s., and continued this work on exploring consistent possibilities for various types of trees, looking for results for trees on multiple cardinals, or with required or forbidden types of subtrees. The elegance of his presentation drew a wide audience for this work. +As to the partition calculus in 1980’s, "Todorčević proved a startling square bracket partition result for the uncountable and introduced new technology whose ramifications are still unfolding, and proved a stepping up lemma for negative square bracket partition relations." +Todorčević was a Miller Research Fellow in Berkeley from 1983 to 1985. In the 1985/6 academic year, he was a member of the Institute for Advanced Study. +For his proof of the partition relation formula_8, Todorčević earned explicit appreciations. Paul Erdös wrote, "This certainly is an unexpected and sensational result." and Jean A. Larson added, "... (it) was a wonderful shock that introduced a wide audience to the walks on ordinals and the oscillation function." Todorčević obtained this partition relation in September 1984, while lecturing on it in the Berkeley seminar, wrote up the notes of his lectures and circulated them in January 1985 and published the result later, in 1987. The walks on ordinals method Todorčević devised in May 1984 when he came up with a new proof of the existence of a Countryman line. +In order to establish this partition relation, Todorčević discovered an entirely new mathematical object called rho functions. Sierpinski in 1933 coloured the edges of the complete graph formula_9 whose vertices are the elements of the smallest uncountable cardinal number. He coloured the edges of formula_9 with 2 colours in such a way that each colour appears on some edge of any uncountable subgraph of formula_9. Galvin and Shelah in 1980s had increased the number of colours from 2 to 3. Improving 3 to 4 seemed beyond any available methods. Todorčević used his newly discovered rho functions to increase the colours not just to 4, but all the way up to the smallest uncountable cardinal, which is the maximum conceivable number. This was one of the results for which he was invited to the Berlin ICM. +The discovery of rho functions (and the various applications they have found), an entirely new mathematical object, one out of the five in Set theory in the twentieth century, is celebrated as a major advance in understanding of mathematics and an extended period of exciting progress. +In 1989 Todorčević published a monograph, "Partition Problems in Topology". He wrote that proof techniques developed for solving +the S-space problem and the L-space problem turn out to be useful in many other problems in general topology, writing "this is so because Ramsey-type theorems are basic and so much needed in many parts of mathematics and (S) and (L) happen to be Ramsey-type properties of the uncountable most often needed by the topologist". +He became a corresponding member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts as of 1991 and a full member of the Academy in 2009. +He was invited to deliver the Tarski Lectures in 2014. +Todorčević is the Royal Society of Canada fellow. In the 2016 RSC fellowship nomination detailed appraisal it was written: +Advisory work. +One of his Ph.D. students, Ilijas Farah, won the 1997 Sacks Prize for his Ph.D. dissertation. The Ph.D. was received on June, 1997, at the University of Toronto. Farah, now a York University professor, was an invited speaker on the ICM, Seoul 2014, Logic session where he presented his work related to the Logic and operator algebras. Another Todorčević's Ph.D. student, Justin Tatch Moore, won the "Young Scholar's Competition" award in 2006, in Vienna, Austria. The Competition was a part of the "Horizons of Truth" celebrating the Gödel Centenary 2006. Moore, now a Cornell University professor, was an invited speaker on the ICM, Hyderabad 2010, Logic session where he presented his work related to the Proper forcing axiom. +Awards. +Todorčević is the winner of + += = = Mont-Noble = = = +Mont-Noble is a municipality of the district of Hérens in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2011, the former municipalities of Mase, Nax and Vernamiège merged into the new municipality of Mont-Noble. +Villages. +Nax, Vernamiège and Mase. + += = = Bratsch = = = +Bratsch is a village and former municipality of the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2009 the former municipalities of Bratsch and Gampel merged into the new municipality of Gampel-Bratsch. + += = = Ergisch = = = +Ergisch (Walliser German: "Ärgisch") is a municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Erschmatt = = = +Erschmatt was a municipality of the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2013, the former municipality of Erschmatt merged into the municipality of Leuk. + += = = Selkingen = = = +Selkingen is a village and former municipality in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2001 the former municipalities of Selkingen, Biel and Ritzingen merged into the new municipality of Grafschaft. + += = = Burlington County, New Jersey = = = +Burlington County is a county in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Its county seat is Mount Holly. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 461,860, making it the 11th-largest of the state's 21 counties. + += = = Judea (Roman province) = = = +Judea was a small third-class province in the Roman Empire. It occupied the same area as modern Israel and Palestine. For centuries Judea had been under the rule of the Seleucid Empire. As that empire broke down, Rome gradually took control of the eastern parts of the Mediterranean. By 64 BC, after nearly two centuries of independent rule, those struggling for the Judean crown asked Emperor Pompey the Great to decide. Pompey stepped in and made Judea a client state. It briefly became a procuratorship between 41 and 44 AD under King Herod Agrippa. After his death it was returned to a province again. It was the scene of several wars called the Jewish–Roman wars. In 70 AD it was the scene of the Great Jewish Revolt resulting in the institution of the Fiscus Judaicus. After Bar Kokhba's revolt (132–135), the Roman Emperor Hadrian changed the name of the province to Syria Palaestina. The name Jerusalem was changed to Aelia Capitolina. + += = = Mut = = = +Mut was an ancient Egyptian goddess. Mut meant "mother" in the ancient Egyptian language. Her name can also be spelled Maut or Mout. She is associated with the waters from which everything was born. +Some of Mut's many titles included "World-Mother", "Eye of Ra", "Queen of the Goddesses", "Lady of Heaven", "Mother of the Gods", and "She Who Gives Birth, But Was Herself Not Born of Any". +In art, Mut was pictured as a woman with the wings of a vulture. She holds an ankh and wears the united crown of Upper and Lower Egypt. Her dress is bright red or blue. There is a feather of the goddess Ma'at at her feet. +Mut is sometimes shown as a cobra, a cat, a cow, or as a lioness as well as the vulture. + += = = Sopdet = = = +In Egyptain mythology Sopdet was the goddess of the star Sothis. Sothis is thought to be the star Sirius. +The name "Sopdet" means "sharp" in Egyptain. This is a reference to the brightest star in the night sky. In art she is shown as a woman with a five-pointed star upon her head. + += = = Monthu = = = +Monthu is a god of war in Egyptian mythology. He is usually shown as a falcon-headed man with two long feathers and a sun disk. +Monthu's name can be written in English as Mont, Montu, Montju, or Menthu. +Montu had several partners, including the goddess Tenenet, the goddess Iunit, and a female form of Ra. + += = = Qetesh = = = +Qetesh was a goddess in the ancient Egyptian religion, popular during the New Kingdom. +Qetesh was a fertility goddess of sacred ecstasy and sexual pleasure. She was adopted from Canaan in what is now Syria. + += = = Arrondissements of the Var department = = = +There are 3 arrondissements in the Var department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into "arrondissements", which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture. +If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture. +Arrondissements are further divided into communes. +The arrondissements of Var are: +History. +Since its creation, the Var department has had few changes: + += = = Wosret = = = +Wosret is an Egyptian goddess with a cult centre at Thebes in Upper Egypt. She is initially a localised guardian diety whose cult rose widely to prominence during the stable 12th dynasty when three pharaohs were named as her son; for example, Senwosret the man of Wosret. + += = = Wepwawet = = = +In late Egyptian Mythology Wepwawet (also rendered Upuaut) was originally a war deity whose cult centre was Asyut in Upper Egypt. His name means "opener of the ways" and he is often depicted as a wolf standing at the prow of a solar boat. Some interpret that Wepwawet is seen as a scout going out to clear routes for the army to proceed forward. One inscription from the Sinai states that Wepwawet "opens the way" to king Sekhemkhet's victory. +Over time, the connection to war, and thus to death, led to Wepwawet also being seen as one who opened the ways to, and through, Duat, for the spirits of the dead. + += = = East Africa Time = = = +East Africa Time or EAT is a time zone used in Eastern Africa. It is often named as UTC+3. There is no daylight saving time since it is so near the equator. + += = = Arrondissement of Draguignan = = = +The arrondissement of Draguignan is an arrondissement of France, in the Var department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Its capital is the city of Draguignan. +History. +When the Var department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Draguignan was part of that original department. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Draguignan is the most eastern of the "arrondissements" of the Var department. It is bordered to the north by the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department, to the east by the Alpes-Maritimes department, to the south by the Toulon "arrondissement" and to the west by the Brignoles "arrondissement". +The "arrondissement" of Draguignan is the largest "arrondissement" of the department in area, , but the second in population (321,569 inhabitants). +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +There are 9 cantons in the "arrondissement" of Draguignan and 3 of them do not have all their "communes" in the "arrondissement": +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Draguignan has 54 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Tatenen = = = +Tatenen is the god of primordial mound in the ancient Egyptian religion. His name mean "risen land" or "exalted earth", as well as referring to the silt of the Nile. As a primeval chthonic deity, Tatenen is identified with creation. He is an androgynous protector of nature from the Memphis area the ancient capital of the Aneb-Hetch nome in Lower Egypt. + += = = Heka (god) = = = +Heka was the deification of magic in ancient Egypt. The name is the Egyptian word for "magic" . According to Egyptain writing "Heka" existed "before duaity had yet come into being". The term "Heka" was also used to refer to the practice of magical rituals. + += = = Arrondissement of Brignoles = = = +The arrondissement of Brignoles is an arrondissement of France, in the Var department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Its capital is the city of Brignoles. +History. +When the Var department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Brignoles was part of that original department. +The "arrondissement" was eliminated in 1926 but it was made again an "arrondissement" in 1974. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Brignoles is in the northwest of the Var department. It is bordered to the north by the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department, to the east by the Draguignan "arrondissement", to the south by the Toulon "arrondissement" and to the west by the Bouches-du-Rhône department. +The "arrondissement" of Brignoles is the second largest "arrondissement" of the department in area, , but the one with fewest people living in it (150,974 inhabitants). +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +In the "arrondissement" of Brignoles there are 6 cantons but only 2 of them have all their "communes" in the "arrondissement": +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Brignoles has 67 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Cree language = = = +Cree (also known as Cree–Montagnais–Naskapi) is an Algonquian language spoken by about 117,000 people across Canada from the Northwest Territories and Alberta to Labrador. This makes it the aboriginal language with the highest number of speakers in Canada. Despite having a large number of speakers within this wide-ranging area, the only region where Cree has any official status is in the Northwest Territories. This is along with eight other official aboriginal languages. + += = = Arrondissement of Toulon = = = +The arrondissement of Toulon is an arrondissement of France, in the Var department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Its capital is the city of Toulon. +History. +When the Var department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Toulon was part of that original department. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Toulon is in the southern part of the Var department. It is bordered to the north by the Brignoles "arrondissement", to the east by the Draguignan "arrondissement", to the south by the Mediterranean Sea and to the west by the Bouches-du-Rhône department. +The "arrondissement" of Toulon is the smallest "arrondissement" of the department in area, , but the one with more people living in it (565,669 inhabitants). +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +There are 14 cantons in the "arrondissement" of Toulon and 4 of them do not have all their "communes" in the "arrondissement" +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Toulon has 32 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Humane Society of the United States = = = +The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization that does activism against animal cruelty. It was founded in 1954. They do this by organizing campaigns to get laws passed and by investigating companies. +HSUS opposes cruelty against animals used for food. +The organization works on a full range of animals, including pets, wildlife, farm animals, horses, and animals used in research, testing and education. +HSUS works with another organization, the Fund for Animals, to operate animal sanctuaries in five states. However, it does not operate animal shelters itself. HSUS also trains rescue groups and shelters. +HSUS has been criticized for the way it spends its money. +History. +In 1954, there were disagreements in the American Humane Association (AHA), another animal rights organization. The AHA thought that animals could be used in experiments, but some members disagreed. Many of the staff were fired, including Larry Andrews, Marcia Glaser, Helen Jones, and Fred Myers. These people set up HSUS in Washington, DC. At first, it was called the "National Humane Society". This organization focused on national policy. Their first goal was to get laws about humane slaughter passed. +Humane slaughter legislation. +In 1958, the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act passed. This law required slaughterhouses to use humane slaughter methods. +Exposure of cruelty in the dog trade. +In 1961, HSUS employee Frank McMahon began an investigation of dog dealers around the United States. In February 1966, "Life" magazine published an article about some of the poor conditions he found. Tens of thousands of Americans read the article and wrote letters to Congress members, asking them to protect animals more. Later that year, the U.S. Congress approved the Laboratory Animal Welfare Act. +Recent history. +Animal Protection Litigation section. +In 2005, HSUS started an Animal Protection Litigation Section. This is a part of the organization that works with attorneys around the country to participate in legal cases. This group had won approximately three dozen cases by 2015. In 2010, the section estimated that it had filed more than 50 legal actions in 25 states, and won 80% of its cases. +Hurricane Katrina animal rescue. +In September 2005, thousands of animals were left behind as people evacuated during Hurricane Katrina. HSUS and other organizations rescued approximately ten thousand animals. +Political and legislative initiatives. +During 2013, HSUS helped to pass 109 state laws to protect animals. +Pets. +The HSUS has a department that focuses on pets. It also wants to end dog-fighting. + += = = Blockade runners of the American Civil War = = = +The blockade runners of the American Civil War were specially outfitted Confederate ships designed to slip through the blockade of Southern by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. On April 19, 1861, one week after Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter, President Abraham Lincoln ordered the blockade. In response, the Confederacy used small fast ships known as blockade runners. During the first two years of the Civil War, the blockade had very limited success. As many as two out of every three ships entering or leaving Southern ports were successful. The Union Navy had to patrol nearly 3,500 miles of seashore along the Atlantic and Gulf coastlines. But as the Union built more ships, the blockade became more effective. As few as 25% of blockade runners were successful later in the war. +Background. +The blockade was part of General Winfield Scott's Anaconda Plan to put economic pressure on the Confederacy until it returned to the Union. It was the most ambitious blockade ever attempted in world history. In 1861, the Confederate states had little manufacturing compared to the North. They did not have the capacity to make the weapons and ammunition they needed to wage a war. What they did have was cotton, which was highly profitable because they used slave labor. At the time, the South supplied cotton to both England and France for use in their textile mills. The South needed to export cotton to Europe and import arms and food for its army in return. A successful blockade could severely damage the Confederate government's ability to continue fighting. +Proclamations. +President Lincoln issued two proclamations regarding the blockade. On April 19, he declared a blockade of the Southern ports from South Carolina to Texas. On April 27, he issued a second proclamation, extending the blockade to include Virginia and North Carolina. It read: +Legal issues. +The proclamation raised an immediate question of whether the action by the seceding states was a rebellion or a war. Legally, based on the United States Constitution it was an armed insurrection "levying war against the United States" which made them guilty of treason. But, in dealing with foreign governments, the U.S. always treated the Confederates as rebels and not belligerents at war with the United States. +Lincoln knew very well the importance of semantics. He treated the act of secession as an act of rebellion against the democratic self-government of a state. In his view a minority of people had taken over the governments in the South because they did not like the way the 1860 presidential election had turned out. This act defied a main principle of democracy, which is a freely elected government. Lincoln stated "It is now for [us] to demonstrate to the world, that those who can fairly carry an election, can also suppress a rebellion." +In 1861, both the Confederacy and the Union wanted the help of Great Britain. The North counted on them because of their condemnation of slavery. The Confederacy counted on their help because of the great importance their cotton had to Britain's economy. So both sides had diplomatic relations with Great Britain. The South needed Britain's help to win the war. Also, without the aid of Britain, France would not dare interfere even though they were already friendly with the South. On May 4, 1861, Queen Victoria issued a proclamation declaring Britain's neutrality in the war and recognizing the Confederacy as a belligerent in the conflict. This enraged Lincoln. Seward, his Secretary of State, had already issued instructions to the new minister to Britain to quit and come home should the Queen recognize the Confederacy. France followed with a similar declaration which also recognized the CSA as a nation. Seward warned both nations of the possibility of war with the United States over this issue. +Union blockade. +When Lincoln ordered the blockade, the United States Navy had fewer than 9,000 men. By the end of 1861 it had increased to 24,000 men. The blockade was made up of squadrons of ships set up at different points along the Southern coast line. Each group was responsible to monitor a particular area. Two early victories aided the blockade. In April 1862, Union forces captured Fort Pulaski and Savannah, Georgia. A few weeks later New Orleans was captured. In August of 1865, Mobile, Alabama, the last Confederate port in the Gulf of Mexico fell to Union forces. +Confederate efforts. +At first, blockade running was done by ships of all sizes. The most successful were the steamboats that were put out of work when the war broke out. They could hug the coast and haul their cargoes of cotton to Cuba or The Bahamas and bring back items of lesser value. This collection of mostly small boats worked well at first when the Union Navy could not effectively guard all areas of the coast. So they did not need to be fast or stealthy and the work was fairly easy. The captains knew the coast very well which allowed them to avoid the Union warships. Cotton is gathered in September and shipped during the winter and spring. When the blockade went into effect in April 1961, most of that year's cotton had already been shipped. Only about one-seventh remained for the smaller ships to haul. The 1860 cotton crop had been huge and there was no shortage of cotton either in the Northern states or in England. So there were no great profits to be made or money available to buy war supplies. This worked in favor of the Union even though the blockade was not that effective yet. Still, the blockade runners could make some profit, but not nearly as much as later in the war. +As the war progressed and more Union warships became available for the blockade and the number of available ports became fewer and fewer. But blockade running became more specialized. In 1863, 199 blockade runners arrived in Confederate ports. In 1864 the number grew to 244. In 1865, by the end of the war another 30 had successfully carried their cargoes to Southern ports. More and more this depended on a very special type of ship. They were steamers, built for speed, they had large cargo capacities and had a very low silhouette making them harder to see at a distance. The work was dangerous but a successful trip could gain enormous profits for the crews. They became the South's main outlet for trade with Europe. Without them the Confederacy could not have lasted as long as they did. Risking war with the United States, England secretly built several blockade runners for the South. + += = = Franklin Township, Somerset County, New Jersey = = = +Franklin Township is a township in New Jersey. In 2020, about 68,000 people lived in Franklin. + += = = Valles Marineris = = = +Valles Marineris is a canyon system on Mars. It is long. + += = = Beatboxing = = = +Beatboxing is making percussive noises with the mouth, lips, tongue and voice. Performers try to imitate the sounds of a drum machine. They could also try to imitate turntablism and other instruments. It is used a lot in hip-hop music. This includes the use of humming, singing and tapping. + += = = Golaghmuli Valley = = = +Golaghmuli Valley is a high mountainous valley in Upper Ghizer of Gilgit-Baltistan Pakistan. This valley is east of Chitral and north of Swat. Golaghmuli Valley is separated from the Chitral and Swat by high mountain passes. To reach Golaghmuli Valley, a person must take the Gilgit-Chitral road west from Gilgit, and then continue straight by Gupis. After Gupis, one continues northwest to reach the Yasin Valley and the straight road goes to Golaghmuli Valley. Golaghmuli Valley has a spectacular natural beauty. + += = = Battle of Stamford Bridge = = = +The Battle of Stamford Bridge took place near the village of Stamford Bridge, East Riding of Yorkshire, in England. On the 25 September 1066, an English army under King Harold Godwinson fought an invading Norwegian army led by King Harald Hardrada. +Harold's brother Tostig Godwinson joined Hardrada's forces. After a bloody and brutal battle, both Hardrada and Tostig, along with a large number of the Norwegians, were killed. Godwinson's achieved a complete victory. The battle marks the end of the Viking Age in England. Less than three weeks later, Godwinson's English army was defeated by William the Conqueror at the Battle of Hastings. +Background. +King Edward the Confessor of England died in January 1066 without having left an heir. This caused a struggle over who would be king after him. A number of claimants from across northwestern Europe thought that they should be the next king and included the King of Norway, Harald Hardrada. According to the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle", the Norwegians assembled a fleet of 300 ships to invade England. The Norwegian army numbered about 11,000 men. Arriving off the English coast in September, Hardrada was joined by forces recruited in Flanders and Scotland by Tostig Godwinson. Tostig was angry with his older brother Harold, who had been elected king by the witan on the death of Edward. Tostig lost his position as Earl of Northumbria and was exiled in 1065. Tostig had mounted a series of attacks on the Sussex coast England in the spring of 1066. The king believed Tostig's raid on the coast was a sign that William, the Duke of Normandy, was about to invade England. +In the late summer of 1066, the Norwegian-led invaders sailed up the Humber River, then the River Ouse, before they advanced on York. They landed at Riccall after Godwinson had first learned of their invasion. her On 20 September they defeated a northern English army led by Edwin, Earl of Mercia, and his brother Morcar, Earl of Northumbria, at the Battle of Fulford. After the victory, they received the surrender of York. They briefly occupied the city and took hostages and supplies from the city. Then they returned to their ships at Riccall. Hardrada offered peace to the Northumbrians in exchange for their support for his bid for the throne. Then, he demanded more hostages from all of Yorkshire. +At this time Godwinson was in southern England. He was waiting for an invasion from France by the Duke of Normandy. Duke William was another contender for the English throne. Learning of the Norwegian invasion, Godwinson headed north at great speed with his houscarls and as many thegns as he could gather. He made the journey from London to Yorkshire, a distance of about 190 miles, in only four days. Godwinson learned that the Northumbrians had been ordered to send the additional hostages and supplies to the Norwegians at Stamford Bridge. Godwinson hurried on through York to attack them at this place on 25 September. Until the English army came into view, the invaders did not even know that there was an English army anywhere nearby. +Battle. +No one is certain of the exact location of the battle. There is no abbey, marker or cross to mark the place. However, an area southwest of the town called "battle flats" may be the actual location of the battle. +The Vikings were taken completely by surprise. They were resting in the heat of the day. Hardrada was confident enough that he left one third of the Viking forces, along with much of the army's armor, at their camp at Riccall. As the English army attacked downhill many of the Vikings were completely unprepared. The main part of the Viking army was on the other side of the bridge. A small Viking force held the approach to the bridge but they were quickly swept aside. According to legend, a single Viking warrior held the narrow bridge against the English for a time. He killed about 40 English warriors before he was killed. +In the fierce fighting that followed, both Hardrada and Tostig were killed. Most of the Vikings at the bridge were killed. Out of the original fleet of 300 ships, there were only enough men left to man 24 ships on the return to Norway. It has been said that before fighting started, Godwinson offered to return his brother's earldom if he would change sides, but Tostig flatly refused. +Aftermath. +Stamford Bridge was a major victory for Godwinson. It showed he was a very capable commander. It also demonstrated how well trained his Housecarls were. However, Stamford Bridge will always be overshadowed by the Battle of Hastings, which took place just under three weeks later. The battle at Stamford Bridge left Godwinson's army very tired and in need of rest. He had lost the forces of his two earls from the earlier battle. However, he received news that Duke William had landed. +Harold quickly marched his tired army down to London and stopped at Waltham Abbey long enough to pray for another victory. On October 12 he was in London trying to find more soldiers to add to his army before facing William at Hastings. On October 14, Godwinson formed his army on the ridge looking down on the battlefield. That started the Battle of Hastings and the end of Anglo-Saxon rule in England. + += = = François Villon = = = +François Villon was a French poet. Villon was born in Paris in 1431, he died after 1463. His real name was likely François de Montcorbier or François des Loges. Today, he is considered the most important poet of the late Middle Ages in France. His parents were poor and died when he was still young; Guillaume de Villon was responsible for his upbringing. In 1455, he changed his name to Villon. + += = = David Gentleman = = = +David Gentleman (born 11 March 1930) is an English artist. He studied at the Royal College of Art and was taught by Edward Bawden and John Nash. He works in watercolour, lithography and wood engraving. Some of his work is very large, such as the platform-length murals for Charing Cross underground station in London. Some of his work is very small, including postage stamps and logos. +His themes include landscape and environmental posters, drawings of street life, and protest placards. He has written and illustrated many books, mostly about countries and cities. + += = = Gampel = = = +Gampel is a village and former municipality in the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Gampel and Bratsch merged into the new municipality of Gampel-Bratsch. + += = = Gampel-Bratsch = = = +Gampel-Bratsch is a municipality of the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Bratsch and Gampel merged into the new municipality of Gampel-Bratsch. + += = = Weather vane = = = +A weather vane is a device with a freely rotating pointer used to indicate the direction of the wind. Weather vanes served as simple devices for showing the direction of the wind and its speed for centuries. They were a critical tool for agriculture, travel and shipping. They serve a largely decorative function today. They have been replaced by specialized weather instruments. +To work correctly a weather vane should be at the highest point of a building. It needs to be as far away as possible from other things that might interrupt the wind. The simplest form is a horizontal arrow or other form freely rotating on a vertical rod. When the wind blows, the arrow shows the direction and speed. The earliest known weather was made by the astronomer Andronicus in 48 BC. It sat on top of the Tower of the Winds in Athens. It was between and long and was the shape of a head and torso of a man with the tail of a fish. +The word 'vane' comes from the Old English "fana banner". This is related to the Old High German "fano" (cloth); from the Latin "pannus" (cloth or rag). + += = = Tatar Wikipedia = = = +Tatar Wikipedia is the Tatar language edition of Wikipedia. There are an estimated 5.2 million speakers of Kazan Tatar. Many live in Russia and the countries of the former Soviet republics. Most are concentrated in Tatarstan and in Bashkortostan. There are also Tatar speakers in the cities of Moscow, St.Petersburg and elsewhere in Russia. Tatar is the largest of the minority languages spoken in Russia. +The total number of articles written in this wikipedia edition is 69,865. The number of administrators in this wikipedia is 3. There are about 54 active users of this wikipedia out of a total number of 21,495 users. + += = = Arrector pili = = = +Musculus arrrector pili are muscles found at the end of hair in mammals. + += = = Guttet-Feschel = = = +Guttet-Feschel is a municipality of the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 October 2000, the former municipalities of Feschel and Guttet merged into the new municipality of Guttet-Feschel. + += = = Inden, Switzerland = = = +Inden is a municipality of the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +It is on a high plateau and along the road that runs from Leukerbad to the Gemmi Pass. + += = = Leukerbad = = = +Leukerbad (, Walliser German: "Leiggerbad") is a municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Oberems = = = +Oberems is a municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Var (river) = = = +The Var () is a river in southeastern France. It is a right tributary of the Rhône river.It gave its name to the French department of Var. It is a unique case in France of a river not flowing in the department named after it (see Var) +Geography. +The Var river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of . +Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Nice (Pont Napoléon III) in the Alpes-Maritimes department. +Course. +The source of the Var is in the small town of Estenc, in the "commune" of Entraunes, at an altitude of about , to the south of the Col de la Cayolle, a mountain pass high, in the Alpes-Maritimes department. From here, the Var flows, in general, to the southeast. +The Var flows through the Alpes-Maritimes department for most of its length; it flows through the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department for a short distance, about . +The Var river flows through 1 region (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur), 2 departments and 31 "communes". It flows through the following "communes", among others: +Finally, it flows into the Mediterranean Sea between Nice and Saint-Laurent-du-Var. +Main tributaries. +The five main tributaries of the Var river are: +Left tributaries: +Right tributaries: + += = = Friesian horse = = = +The Friesian horse is a horse breed that originated from the Friesland province of the netherlands. + += = = Beverly Tyler = = = +Beverly Tyler (July 5, 1927 – November 23, 2005) was a US-American singer and actress in American film and television from the 1940s into the 1960s." +Life. +Born "Beverly Jean Saul" in Scranton, Pennsylvania, the daughter of a secretary, she was just a teenage girl when she had her singing debut on the local radio. A short time later she moved with her mother to Hollywood and gave her film debut in the 1943 premiere comedy "The Youngest Profession". +Until 1947 she worked in six feature films and afterwards only 1950 again a film role. Her last role in a feature film was in the 1958 premiere thriller "Hong Kong Confidential". +Between 1956 and 1961 she also co-operated in various television series; Including the episode " When Mr. Twilight Died" (original title: "Vengeance") of the Western series "Bonanza". Her last appearance in front of the camera was in a Thanksgiving themed episode of the TV series "Hazel". +In the context of her marriage to Jim Jordan Jr. on May 6, 1962, she completed her career as a film actor and later appeared only on stage at supper clubs and playhouses in Reno, Nevada throughout the 1980s. +Tyler died on 23 November 2005 at the age of 78 years following a lung embolism and was laid to rest in Our Mother of Sorrows Cemetery in Reno, PA.Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons, 3d ed. + += = = Adinath Temple = = = +Adinath temple may refer to: + += = = Irving A. Fradkin = = = +Irving A. Fradkin (March 28, 1921 – November 19, 2016) was an optometrist and founder and president emeritus of Scholarship America. +Career. +Fradkin has been called the "Johnny Appleseed" of college scholarships due to his leadership in scholarship access; his work has received national media coverage and government support. + += = = Sharon Jones = = = +Sharon Lafaye Jones (May 4, 1956 – November 18, 2016) was an American soul and funk singer. She was the lead singer of Sharon Jones & The Dap-Kings, a soul and funk band based in Brooklyn, New York. +Jones died on November 18, 2016 in Cooperstown, New York of complications from pancreatic cancer, aged 60. + += = = António Guterres = = = +António Manuel de Oliveira Guterres, (; born 30 April 1949) is a Portuguese politician and diplomat. He became the Secretary-General of the United Nations in 2017. Guterres was Prime Minister of Portugal from 1995 to 2002, as leader of the Socialist Party. He also served as President of the Socialist International from 1999 to 2005. +He was the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees from June 2005 to December 2015, and in October 2016 the United Nations General Assembly elected him by acclamation to become the next United Nations secretary-general. He replaced Ban Ki-moon. +Early life. +Guterres was born and raised in Lisbon, Portugal. He studied Physics and Electrical Engineering at Instituto Superior Técnico in Lisbon. He graduated in 1971. +He was Assistant Professor teaching Systems Theory and Telecommunications Signals, before leaving academic life to start a political career. +Early career. +Guterres' political career began in 1974. He became a member of the Socialist Party. He served as the Head of Office of the Secretary of State of Industry (1974 and 1975), Deputy for Castelo Branco in the Portuguese National Parliament (1976–1995) and Leader of the parliamentary bench of the Socialist Party, succeeding Jorge Sampaio (1988). +Prime Minister of Portugal. +The Socialist Party won the 1995 parliamentary election. President Mario Soares appointed Guterres as prime minister and his Cabinet took the oath of office on 28 October that year. +Guterres was a popular prime minister in the first years of his office. Portugal had a strong economic expansion which allowed the Socialists to reduce budget deficits while increasing welfare spending and creating new conditional cash transfer programs. Guterres was against homosexuality during his term as Prime Minister. He supported United Nations intervention in East Timor in 1999. +After the 1999 parliamentary election, Guterres was re-appointed for the office and from January to July 2000. This second term in government was not as successful. The Hintze Ribeiro Bridge disaster damaged his authority and popularity. In October 2000, the Parliament approved the decriminalization of drug use (effective from 1 July 2001) and in March 2001, same-sex marriage were legalized. +In December 2001, Guterres resigned to "prevent the country from falling into a political swamp". +President of Socialist International. +Guterres was elected President of Socialist International in November 1999. He remained President of the Socialist International until June 2005. +UN High Commissioner for Refugees. +As High Commissioner, Guterres had more than 10,000 staff working in 126 countries providing protection and helping over 60 million refugees, returnees, internally displaced people and stateless persons. +His time in office was known by a huge organizational reform, cutting staff and administrative costs in the UNHCR's Geneva head office and expanding UNHCR's emergency response capacity during the worst displacement crisis since the World War II. +Guterres appointed American actress Angelina Jolie as his Special Envoy to represent UNHCR and himself at the diplomatic level in 2012. +In early 2015, the General Assembly voted to extend Guterres' mandate by 61⁄2 months to 31 December, on recommendation of United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. Guterres left office on 31 December 2015. +United Nations Secretary-General. +Guterres became United Nations Secretary-General on 1 January 2017, following his formal election by the UN General Assembly on 13 October 2016. +During his first year, Guterres made world peace a first priority. In June 2017, he criticized the Trump administration and said the United States would be replaced from the United Nations if they do not take action on any international issues. Guterres criticized the intervention of Yemen and said a war from this would be "stupid". +In 2018, he called Syria a "living hell" in response to the Bashar al-Assad regime. He praised Trump and Kim Jong-un's summit and called it a "crucial milestone" for nuclear disarmament. In August 2018, Guterres wanted an independent investigation into a Saudi Arabian air strike in Yemen that killed 51 people. +Personal life. +In 1972, Guterres married Luísa Amélia Guimarães e Melo. They had had two children. She died at a London hospital from cancer in 1998. +In 2001, he married his second wife Catarina Marques de Almeida Vaz Pinto. + += = = Christos Sartzetakis = = = +Christos Sartzetakis (; 6 April 1929 – 3 February 2022) was a Greek jurist and former supreme justice of the Court of Cassation. He was the President of the Third Hellenic Republic from 1985 to 1990. +He was born in Neapoli, Thessaloniki in 1929. +Sartzetakis died at an Athens hospital on 3 February 2022 from acute respiratory failure, aged 92. + += = = Michael Flynn = = = +Michael Thomas "Mike" Flynn (born December 1958) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general. On January 20, 2017, Flynn became the 25th United States National Security Advisor. He resigned on February 13, 2017. He last served as the 18th Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency, from July 22, 2012 to August 7, 2014. +On November 18, 2016, Flynn accepted president-elect Donald Trump's offer of the position of National Security Advisor. +"The Wall Street Journal" reported on January 22, 2017, that Flynn was under investigation by U.S. counterintelligence agents for his communications with Russian officials. On February 13, 2017, Flynn resigned the position of National Security Advisor. +On December 1, 2017, it was reported that Flynn had accepted a deal with Special Counsel Robert Mueller to plead guilty to a single count, that of "willfully and knowingly" making "false, fictitious and fraudulent statements" to the FBI, a felony. +On July 4, 2020, Flynn announced his support and belief in the pro-Trump QAnon conspiracy theory. +On November 25, 2020, Flynn was issued a presidential pardon by President Trump. +After Trump lost his re-election in 2020, Flynn wanted Trump to suspend the United States Constitution, force martial law, silence the press, and hold a new election under military supervision as an attempt to overturn the election results. + += = = Steve Bannon = = = +Stephen Kevin 'Steve' Bannon (born November 27, 1953) is an American campaign manager, businessman and media executive and former Counselor and Senior Adviser to Donald Trump. +He became chief executive officer of the 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump in August 2016. He was later hired as his chief strategist and Senior Counselor. President Trump signed an executive order giving Bannon a seat on the United States National Security Council. He was removed from the National Security Council on April 5, 2017. +Bannon resigned on August 4, 2017, but his resignation became in effect on August 18, 2017 during the aftermath of the Unite the Right rally. +In August 2020, Bannon was arrested in New York and indicted for fraud in connection with an online fundraising scheme. +In November 2020, Bannon's Twitter account was permanently suspended after he said that Anthony Fauci and FBI Director Christopher Wray should be beheaded. Bannon was held in contempt of Congress in October 2021 after ignoring a subpoena by the House of Representatives committee investigating the 2021 United States Capitol attack. He was indicted by a federal grand jury on November 12, 2021. He turned himself in to the FBI later that month. + += = = Joe Kennedy III = = = +Joseph Patrick "Joe" Kennedy III (born October 4, 1980) is an American lawyer, politician, and a member of the Kennedy family. He was the U.S. Representative for from 2013 to 2021. In 2022, he became the United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland. He is a Democrat whose district stretches from the western suburbs of Boston to the state's South Coast. +He is the son of former U.S. Representative Joseph P. Kennedy II and grandson of Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Skakel Kennedy. He worked as a Peace Corps volunteer and as an assistant district attorney in the Cape and Islands and Middlesex offices before his election to Congress. +On January 30, 2018, Kennedy delivered the Democratic response to President Trump's State of the Union address. +On September 21, 2019, Kennedy announced his plans to run against Ed Markey in the 2020 Massachusetts United States Senate race. He lost the primary to Markey on September 1, 2020, making him the first Kennedy family member to lose an election in Massachusetts. +In December 2022, Kennedy was named the United States Special Envoy to Northern Ireland for Economic Affairs by President Joe Biden. + += = = Adam Kokesh = = = +Adam Charles Kokesh (born February 1, 1982 in San Francisco, California) is an American political activist. He is a decorated veteran of the War in Iraq, Kokesh came to disparage war and advocate nonviolent resistance to power. He is a member of the Libertarian Party. He has called for a "new American revolution" for the "orderly dissolution of the federal government." He was raised in Santa Fe, New Mexico. He now lives in Arizona. +Kokesh announced that he would run for President of the United States under the Libertarian Party ticket in the 2020 United States presidential election. + += = = Black Awareness Day = = = +In Brazil, Black Awareness Day or Black Consciousness Day () is held every year on November 20. It is a day "to celebrate a regained awareness by the black community about their great worth and things they have done for the country". The date is an official public holiday in five Brazilian states. +Black Awareness Day has been celebrated since the 1960s. It has become bigger in the last few years. First, it was celebrated on May 13 (the date of abolition of slavery in Brazil). It was later moved to November 20 to honour Zumbi's death, and is sometimes called Zumbi Day. +Events. +Members of the organization "Black Movement" (the largest of its kind in Brazil) organize educational and fun events involving mainly children of African parents. These events wants to get rid of the fact that many people see Afro-Americans as less important. Other "hot topics" in the Black community during the Day of Black Awareness are the working together of African-Brazilian workers with Caucasian-Brazilian and other workers, ethnic identity, and black pride. +Similar days celebrating racial groups in Brazil. +The "Day of the Caboclo" ("Dia do Caboclo") is held on June 24. It celebrates the contributions and identity of the original caboclos and their children. This date is an official public holiday in the State of Amazonas. +"Mixed Race Day" ("Dia do Mestiço") is held on June 27, three days after the Day of the Caboclo. It celebrates all mixed-race Brazilians, including the caboclos. The date is an official public holiday in three Brazilian states. +"Indian Day" ("Dia do Índio") is held on April 19. It recognizes and honours the indigenous peoples of Brazil. + += = = Pukhrayan train derailment = = = +The Pukhrayan train derailment was an accident that happened on 20 November 2016 in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The Indore-Rajendra Nagar express derailed in the place of Pukhrayan, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.It has resulted in 140 deaths and 200+ injuries. +Accident. +The Indore-Rajendra Nagar Express is a passenger train between the Indore Junction and Rajendra Nagar Terminal. On 20 November 2016 at the time 3:00 the train derailed in the place of Pukhrayan, a town in Uttar Pradesh. +Death. +After the derailment about 142 passengers travelled in the train were reported dead and 200+ passengers were injured. It has been reported as one of the deadliest derailments after the 2010 Jnaneshwari Express derailment. + += = = Mount Selinda = = = +Mount Selinda is a village and mission station in the province of Manicaland in the eastern mountains of Zimbabwe. Its altitude is 1,100 meters. +Mount Selinda is on the very edge of the Chirinda Forest Botanical Reserve – the southernmost tropical rainforest in Africa. It is at the southern end of the Eastern Highlands mountain range which separates Zimbabwe from neighboring Mozambique. The Indian Ocean is about 400 kilometers away. +Flora and fauna. +The Mount Selinda area is home to a variety of indigenous African flora, fungi, birds, butterflies, insects and reptiles. This is mainly due to being near the Chirinda Forest Botanical Reserve, which is protected by law. +Among the hundreds of indigenous trees found in Mount Selinda are: Red mahogany, Brown mahogany, Natal mahogany, Albizia, White stinkwood, Chirinda stinkwood, Ironwood and colossal specimens of strangling figs. The largest Red Mahogany tree in southern Africa stands at Mount Selinda. +Other smaller flora include thousands of specimens of the yucca-like "Dracaena fragrans", numerous ferns, creepers, vines, epiphytes, montbretia, orchids and flame lilies. +Mount Selinda boasts a dazzling array of bird life, with Trumpeter hornbills, Livingstone's turaco, African pygmy kingfishers, Firefinches, Sunbirds, African green pigeons, Owls, Nightjars, Eagles and Bee-eaters. +The reptile population includes pythons, cobras, vipers, mambas, adders, chameleons, geckos, skinks and lizards. The endemic Marshall's pygmy chameleon, "Rhampholeon marshalli", is found within the forest and at the forest margin. +The variety and brilliant colors of butterflies in the area is also noteworthy. +Agriculture. +Avocadoes, tea, bananas, sweet potatoes, taro, citrus, pineapples, sugarcane, coffee, macadamia nuts are grown in the area. There are also commercial timbers such as eucalyptus, wattle and pine. Dairy farming is also a part of the agriculture. + += = = Afrocarpus falcatus = = = +Afrocarpus falcatus is a tree in the family Podocarpaceae. Common terms include common yellowwood, bastard yellowwood, outeniqua yellowwood, African fern pine, and weeping yew. +The tree is native to the montane forests of southern Africa. It can be found in Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, and Swaziland. The tree is widespread in some areas and not considered threatened. In South Africa it is a protected tree in South Africa. +Description. +This is an evergreen conifer. It often grows up to about 45 meters tall, but is known to reach 60 m. The trunk can be 2 to 3 m wide, and is gray-brown to reddish. The leaves are arranged in spirals on the branches. They are small and narrow, up to 4.5 cm long by about 6 mm wide. +Biology. +Female trees bear their fruit only every few years. The main agents of seed dispersal are fruit bats. They eat the fleshy covering but discard the hard, woody seed. +Many birds feed on the fruits, such as hornbills, Cape parrot, purple-crested turaco, Knysna turaco, Ross's turaco, African olive pigeon, African green pigeon, and eastern bronze-naped pigeon. Colobus monkeys, bushpigs and rodents also feed on the fruits. + += = = Latin rock = = = +Latin rock is a term to describe a music subgenre. It has traditional sounds and elements of Latin American and Caribbean folk music merged with with rock music. However, it is widely used in the English-language media to refer any kind of rock music featuring Spanish or Portuguese vocals. +The archaetypal latin rock band was led by Carlos Santana. His band "Santana" was far and away the most popular latin rock fusion of the late 1960s to the early 2000s. "Santana" has sold more than 90 million records worldwide, making them one of the world's best-selling groups of all time. +In 1969, after the release of the debut album by "Santana", Latin rock appeared in the US and other parts of the world. The band's musical style is a fusion of Latin American and Caribbean rhythms, soul, jazz, funk, blues, psychedelia and rhythm and blues based on rock music. +Equally important to their success was the use of English lyrics. In the United States of fifty years ago, to sing in Spanish was to limit the audience to Puerto Rican, Mexican and Cuban immigrants. To sing in English was to open up the chance of really wide popularity. + += = = New York City Hall = = = +New York City Hall is located at the center of City Hall Park in the Civic Center area of Lower Manhattan. The building is the oldest city hall in the United States that still houses its original governmental functions. It has the office of the Mayor of New York City and the chambers of the New York City Council. While the Mayor's Office is in the building, the staff of thirteen municipal agencies under mayoral control are located in the nearby Manhattan Municipal Building. +It was built from 1810 to 1812. The New York City Hall is a National Historic Landmark. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Both the outside (1966) and the inside of the building (1976) are designated New York City landmarks. + += = = Gateway drug theory = = = +Gateway drug theory is the idea that once a person uses one illegal drug, they are more likely to use other drugs. It is also called stepping-stone theory, escalation hypothesis, or progression hypothesis. +If the gateway theory is true, people who use one drug may be more likely to use other drugs because: +The gateway theory helps shape education and lawmaking about drugs. Scientific study of the possible causes of the gateway theory is important for health policy. + += = = Kavaratti = = = +Kavaratti is a town and is the capital of Lakshadweep in India. It is also the name for the atoll on which the town stands. It is well known for its sandy beaches and calm lagoons. This makes it a popular tourist destination. + += = = Jnaneswari Express train derailment = = = +The Jnaneshwari Express derailed on 28 May 2010 in West Midnapore district, West Bengal. It is believed that the track was bombed or sabotaged, damaging it. +Derailment. +At that time The Communist Party of India (Maoist) arranged a four-day bandh in that area. State police said that the track of length about 46 cm was removed by the Maoist-Naxalites. At 1:30pm Jnaneshwari Super Deluxe Express train with 13 carriages which was travelling from Howrah to Mumbai derailed. +Casualties. +At least 148 people were killed and over 200 others were injured. Compensation was announced Rs.5Lakhs for the family of the people who were killed. + += = = 2004 Sri Lanka tsunami train wreck = = = +The 2004 Sri Lanka tsunami train wreck was the largest single rail disaster in history (by death toll). It was caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. +Train. +Train #50, the "Matara Express," also known as the "Queen of the Sea" line, was a regular train between the Sri Lankan capital Colombo and Matara. The train, overcrowded with 1800+ passengers, left Colombo on 26 December 2004. +Tsunami strikes the train. +At 9:30 am in the village of Peraliya gigantic waves arrived at the beach. The first wave flooded the carriages and caused panic among the passengers. The next wave arrived after 10 minutes. It was huge and washed away the train and smashed it against trees and houses which were nearby. +Casualties. +The huge waves of tsunami destroyed the train and only 150 passengers out of more than 1800 survived. About 1700 were reported dead, even though only 900 bodies were recovered. The Sri Lankan authorities did not know where the train was washed to. After 4 pm, Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa's helicopter identified it. Even though there were rescue operations not more than 150 people survived and the village was also washed away by the waves. + += = = Charlottetown Conference = = = +The Charlottetown Conference was a conference about the Canadian Confederation. The representatives of the unions in British North America were present at the conference. The meeting took place in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island from September 1st to September 9th 1864. +The purpose of the conference was to discuss the future of the maritime provinces in what later became Canada. The maritime provinces were Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland. + += = = National Anthem of Saudi Arabia = = = +The national anthem of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (), which can be known by its incipit "Hasten!" (), was first adopted in 1950. A few years before, this song was a present given by the Fâruq of Egypt to King Abdulaziz when he visited Egypt. It was composed by Abdol-Raħman al-Xaṭib, which was then rearranged by Serâġ Omar. Later in 1984, ‘Ebrâhim Xafâġi wrote the lyrics to the song; in the same year, the anthem was officially readopted with the lyrics. + += = = Agave nectar = = = +Agave nectar (also called agave syrup) is a sweetener produced from several species of agave, including blue agave ("Agave tequilana)". Agave syrup is sweeter than honey and tends to be less viscous. Most agave syrup comes from Mexico and South Africa. + += = = Chuvash language = = = +Chuvash (, "Čăvašla"; ) is a Turkic language. It is spoken in Chuvashia, a part of central Russia. It is the only language from the Oghur branch of the Turkic languages that is still spoken today. Though many Turkic languages can be understood by different speakers, Chuvash is quite different. +Chuvash is written using the Cyrillic script. Its alphabet has all of the letters of the Russian alphabet and adds four letters of its own: �, �, � and �. + += = = Playback singer = = = +A playback singer is a singer whose singing is pre-recorded for use in movies. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks. The actors or actresses lip-sync the songs for cameras. The actual singer does not appear on screen. +South Asian movies produced in the Indian subcontinent are particularly known for using this technique. A majority of Indian movies as well as Pakistani movies typically include six or seven songs. Popular playback singers in India enjoy the same status as popular actors. Most of the playback singers are initially trained in classical music. Mohammed Rafi and Ahmed Rushdi are regarded as two of the most influential playback singers in South Asia. + += = = AQ = = = +AQ, Aq, aQ, or aq may refer to: + += = = Tuvalu mo te Atua = = = +"Tuvalu mo te Atua" (; "Tuvalu for the Almighty") is the national anthem of Tuvalu. The words and music are by Afaese Manoa. + += = = Bihar train derailment = = = +On June 6, 1981, a train crashed in Bihar, India. It was carrying more than 800 passengers, traveling between Mansi railway station and Saharsa railway station. It derailed and fell into the River Bagmati while it was crossing the bridge over the river. +Casualties. +Five days after the accident only 200 out of 800 passengers had been recovered as dead bodies with hundreds more people missing. The missing passengers were thought to have been washed away by the River Bagmati. Total deaths were listed as 500-800. This derailment stands in 4th place in the worst railway accidents by death toll in the world. +Reasons. +Many reasons were given for this railway derailment accident. They were: + += = = Snitch = = = +Snitch may refer to: + += = = Firozabad rail disaster = = = +Firozabad rail disaster is the second most worst rail accident in India after the Bihar train derailment. It occurred on 20 August 1995 near Firozabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. +Accident. +The crash happened at 02:55 when a passenger train named Kalindi Express from Kanpur Railway station collided with Purushottam Express from Puri. At first the Kalindi Express from Kanpur Railway station struck a cow but was unable to proceed further as its brakes were damaged. Next the Purushottam Express from Puri struck the Kalindi Express behind with a speed of 70 kph. +The last three carriages of the Kalindi Express and two carriages along with the engine of Purushottam Express were destroyed. About 358 passengers were killed. + += = = Gordon Welchman = = = +William Gordon Welchman (15 June 1906, Bristol – 8 October 1985, Newburyport, Massachusetts) was a Second World War codebreaker at Bletchley Park. He was a British mathematician, university professor, and author. +After the war he moved to the US, and later took American citizenship. +Bletchley Park. +Welchman was one of four early recruits to Bletchley park (the others being Alan Turing, Hugh Alexander and Stuart Milner-Barry). They were also the four signatories to the letter to Winston Churchill in October 1941, asking for more resources for the code-breaking work at Bletchley Park. Churchill responded with one of his 'Action This Day' written comments. +Welchman's main work at Bletchley was "traffic analysis" of encrypted German communications. This is, first, looking for an increase in signals. Major events in warfare are signalled in advance by a huge increase in messages. Second, there are standardized parts of a message, such as message origination, message destination, time/date information, and so on. These are much easier to decipher than the actual message content. Welchman developed this approach. Today we describe this as "metadata" analysis. +Welchman helped improve Alan Turing's design of the Polish electromechanical Enigma-cipher-breaking machine, the bombe. Welchman's 'diagonal board', made the device much more efficient in the attack on the ciphers of the German Enigma machine. Bombes became the main mechanical aid in breaking Enigma ciphers during the war. They speeded up the search for current wheel order settings being used with the Enigma machines. The settings were changed often, initially at least once per day. +Welchman was initially head of Hut Six, the section at Bletchley Park responsible for breaking German Army and Air Force Enigma ciphers. During his time at Bletchley, Welchman opposed engineer Tommy Flowers' efforts on the Colossus computer (the world's first programmable electronic computer) because Colossus used vacuum tubes. +In 1943, he became Assistant Director in charge of mechanisation and also had responsibility for cryptographic liaison with the US. +Post-war. +Welchman moved to the United States in 1948 where he taught the first computer course at MIT in the United States. He followed this by employment with Remington Rand and Ferranti. Welchman became a naturalised American citizen in 1962. In that year, he joined the MITRE Corporation, working on secure communications systems for the US military. He retired in 1971 but was retained as a consultant. +In 1982 his book "The Hut Six Story" was published, initially by McGraw-Hill in the US and by Allen Lane in Britain. The British Secret Service objected, and so did the National Security Agency. The book was not banned but Welchman lost his security clearance (and therefore his consultancy with MITRE). He was forbidden to discuss with the media either the book or his wartime work. +Welchman died in 1985; his final conclusions and corrections to the story of wartime code breaking were published posthumously in 1986 in the paper 'From Polish Bomba to British Bombe: the birth of Ultra' in "Intelligence & National Security", Vol 1, No l. The entire paper was included in the revised edition of "The Hut Six Story" published in 1997 by M & M Baldwin. + += = = Accession = = = +Accession is the attainment or acquisition of a position of rank or power, typically that of monarch or president. Eg."the queen's accession to the throne". +Accession day is a celebration. It is usually the anniversary of when a monarch takes office. The earliest record of accession celebrations are from the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England. +Accession is not the same as coronation or inauguration. Coronation and inauguration are both ceremonies which take place after the accession. + += = = Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision = = = +Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision occurred on 12 November 1996 over the village of Charkhi Dadri in Haryana, India. The collision happened between Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747-100B from Delhi to Dhahran(Saudi Arabia) and Kazakhstan Airlines Illyushin II-76 from Chimkent, Kazakhstan to Delhi. The collision caused 349 fatalities and 0 survivors. +Incident. +SVA763 (Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747-100B) departed from Delhi International Airport to Dhahran at 18:35. KZA1907 (Kazakhstan Airlines Illyushin II-76) was descending to Delhi airport at the same time. Both flights were controlled by VK Dutta. KZA1907 was cleared to descend 15,000 feet altitude, whereas SVA763 was cleared to climb to 14,000feet. After 8 min, KZA1907 reported that they reached 15000 ft altitude, but they were descending to 14,500 ft at that time and were continuing the descent. +Collision. +Not noticing it, soon the KZA1907's tail cut through SVA763's left wing. SVA763 lost control and hit the ground at 1135 kmph. The Ilyushin remained structurally intact as it went in a steady but fast and uncontrolled descent until it crashed in a field. In the end, all 312 people on board SVA763 and all 37 people on KZA1907 were killed. +Place. +The collision took place about west of Delhi. The wreckage of the Saudi aircraft crashed near Dhani village, Bhiwani District, Haryana. The wreckage of the Kazakh aircraft hit the ground near Birohar village, Rohtak District, Haryana. +Investigation. +The crash was investigated by the Lahoti Commission, headed by then-Delhi High Court judge Ramesh Chandra Lahoti. The flight data recorders were decoded by Kazakhstan Airlines and Saudi Airlines under the supervision of air crash investigators in Moscow and Farnborough, England, respectively. +The commission determined that the accident had been the fault of the Kazakh Il-76 commander, who had descended from the assigned altitude of and subsequently and even lower. The report says that the cause of this serious problem in operating procedure was due to the lack of English language skills on the part of the Kazakh aircraft pilots; they were dependent entirely on their radio operator for communications with the ATC. +Just a few seconds from impact, the Kazakh plane climbed slightly and the two planes collided. This was because the radio operator of Kazakhstan 1907 discovered only then that they were not at 15,000 feet and asked the pilot to climb.The tail of the Kazakh plane clipped the left wing of the Saudi jet, severing both parts from their respective planes. +Documentaries. +The disaster was again the subject of an episode in the documentary series "Mayday (TV series)" on 2 March 2009 entitled "Sight Unseen", in a wide-screen format with sophisticated computer animations on National Geographic Channel. + += = = Church of the Company Fire = = = +Church of the Company Fire is the largest fire accident ever by death toll in the world. It occurred on 1863 December 8 in Santiago, Chile. About 2000 to 3000 people are said to have been killed in the fire accident. +Church of the Company of Jesus was a Jesuit church located in Santiago, Chile.The day of the fire was the celebration of the Feast of the Immaculate Conception. The fire started at 7 P.M. when an oil lamp had ignited the place and it caught fire. About 2000-3000 people inside the church got roasted. +The cleanup of the bodies took about ten days, and since most of the bodies were burned beyond recognition, they were placed in a mass grave at the Cementerio General de Santiago. A Santiago newspaper printed the names of over 2,000 known victims, and the same paper also printed a list of the objects saved by the priests and their value, which led to public outcry against the priests who had saved valuable objects but not people. +The tragedy, and the fact that one of the contributing factors was the lack of an organized fire-brigade, motivated José Luis Claro y Cruz to organize the first Volunteer Firemen's Corps in Santiago, on December 20 of the same year. Fire brigades in Chile, even today, are still made up only of unpaid volunteers. New fire regulations also resulted, and the tragedy contributed to the partial secularization of Chilean government over the next two decades. + += = = 1931 China floods = = = +The 1931 China floods or the 1931 Yellow River Floods were a series of floods that occurred in China in the year 1931. It is the most deadly natural disaster by death toll. About 1,000,000-3.7 million people were said to be dead in this series of floods. +Cause. +In the period of 1928-30 China faced a severe drought. Due to some abnormal weather conditions heavy snowstorms and heavy rainfall occurred in parts of central China. The water levels increased in the rivers. The rain grew heavier in July and August in 1931. China faced nine cyclones in July 1931 alone. +Death. +Chinese sources say 1,000,000 died due to the overflow of the Yangtze River. Western sources say a death toll of 3.7 million-4 million people. In July alone, four weather stations along the Yangtze River reported rain totaling over for the month. +The Yangtze and Huai River floods soon reached Nanjing, the capital of China at the time. The city, located on an island in a massive flood zone, suffered catastrophic damage. Millions died of drowning while some died due to starvation, from waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhus. The high-water mark was reached on 19 August at Hankou town in Wuhan, with the water level exceeding above normal. On the evening of 25 August 1931, the water rushing through the Grand Canal washed away dikes near Gaoyou Lake. Some 200,000 people drowned in their sleep in the resulting deluge. + += = = Trans-Siberian Orchestra = = = +The Trans-Siberian Orchestra is an American progressive rock group. They were founded around 1996. They became popular around 1999. This was when they began touring with their second studio album, "The Christmas Attic". +Both "Billboard Magazine" and "Pollstar" ranked them as one of the top ticket-selling groups in the first decade of the new millennium. + += = = Great Chinese Famine = = = +Great Chinese Famine was a great famine in China from 1958 to 1961. Drought, poor weather and some of the policies of the Communist Party of China were among the reasons of the three years of famine. This also further resulted in the Great Leap Forward movement. +History. +According to the government's statistics the total death toll is 15 million people. Historian Frank Dikotter, having been granted special access to Chinese archival materials, estimates that there were at least 45 million premature deaths from 1958 to 1962, although far from all these deaths came about as a result of starvation. +Chinese journalist Yang Jisheng concluded there were 36 million deaths due to starvation, while another 40 million others failed to be born, so that "China's total population loss during the Great Famine then comes to 76 million. +The Great Chinese Famine was caused by a combination of adverse weather conditions, social pressure, economic mismanagement, and radical changes in agriculture imposed by government regulations. +Mao Zedong, chairman of the Chinese communist party, introduced drastic changes in farming which prohibited farm ownership. Failure to abide by the policies led to persecution. The social pressure imposed on the citizens in terms of farming and business, which the government controlled, led to state instability. Owing to the laws passed during the period and Great Leap Forward during 1958–1962, according to government statistics, about 36 million people died in this period. + += = = Confederate States Navy = = = +The Navy of the Confederate States (CSN) was the Navy of the Confederate States of America. After the Confederacy established itself in 1861, the elected president, Jefferson Davis appointed Stephen Mallory as his Secretary of the Confederate Navy. At the time the South had no ships capable of challenging the United States Navy's frigates. It did not have the shipbuilding capability or the raw materials necessary to build a navy. While they had limited resources, and did not have the firepower of the Union Navy, they developed a number of technologies. The Confederates developed naval mines, ironclad techniques and managed to sink a Union warship with a working submarine. +History. +The Republican Party, led by Abraham Lincoln, won the 1860 presidential election. Southerners were outraged by the election of Lincoln, who opposed slavery in territories and new states. After the election seven Southern states seceded and declared their independence from the Union. They formed the Confederate States of America, even before Lincoln became president on March 4, 1861. The outgoing U.S. president, James Buchanan, said this was against the law, but did nothing to stop them. Lincoln and his Republican party treated this secession as a rebellion. +Fighting started when the Confederates bombarded Fort Sumter, a Union Army fort. Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers for a period of 90 days. He also set up a blockade of the Southern coast and ports. Lincoln had no more than 40 usable warships and needed to start building up his Navy. This was to prevent the South from exporting its cotton and importing the war materials they needed to wage war. The North also needed to develop a fleet of gunboats for a "brown-water navy". This was to support the Union Army in operations around major rivers like the Mississippi. +Norfolk shipyard. +In 1861, Virginia joined the Confederate States of America. Fearing that the Confederacy would take control of the facility, the shipyard commander Charles Stewart McCauley ordered the burning of the shipyard. At the time it was called the Gosport Navy Yard. Despite conflicting orders from the Secretary of the Navy, the resignation of many of his officers, and most of his yard workers leaving, his remaining men began destroying the shipyard. Ships that could not leave on their own were burned. This included the Union warship "USS "Merrimack"". Finally the two men who were placing explosives to blow up the dry dock were captured before they could finish their work. The Confederates were able to repair Gosport and make it a working shipyard again. +The capture of the shipyard allowed a tremendous amount of war material to fall into Confederate hands. In all, 1,195 heavy guns were taken and used by the Confederacy. They were used in many areas from Hampton Roads all the way to Fort Donelson Tennessee. When they left the shipyard, the Union forces withdrew to Fort Monroe across Hampton Roads. This was the only land in the area which remained under Union control. +In early 1862, the Confederate ironclad warship CSS "Virginia" was rebuilt using the burned-out hulk of the "USS Merimack". In the haste to abandon the shipyard, the "Merrimack" had only been destroyed above the waterline. The Confederates built an armored superstructure over the burned out hull. In March and April of 1862 the Confederate ironclad came close to upsetting the Union Navy's superiority. At Hampton Roads, the "Virginia" began sinking the blockading Union warships almost at will. The fleet was saved by the arrival of the Union ironclad "USS Monitor" which engaged the Virginia at the Battle of Hampton Roads. But after hours of fighting neither ship was able to defeat the other. Both ships left the fight claiming the victory. But the Confederates failed to break the blockade. When Norfolk fell in May 1862, the CSS "Virginia" was destroyed by its crew so it wouldn't be captured. The Confederate Navy had two more ironclads under construction. But before they could be completed the Union fleet captured the port and city of New Orleans where they were being built. +Commerce raiders. +The Confederate Navy realized the Union Navy had more ships, guns and men they had with their limited resources. This called for a change in strategy. First, they would build forts to guard their key rivers and ports. They would build gunboats to assist this effort. Secondly, the South set up a fleet of naval vessels to attack Union merchant ships at sea. They also commissioned privateers to help with this effort. +This was not a new concept. The Americans had been successful using commerce raiding against British merchant ships during the American Revolutionary War. Outgunned by the Union Navy they realized building lighter and faster cruisers would allow them to outrun the larger warships and go after the slower and usually unarmed merchant ships. Because the South had little shipbuilding capacity, they had these ships built in Great Britain. This was technically illegal, since Great Britain was a neutral country. So these ships had to be built in secret. +Some the more successful and famous of the Confederate commerce raiders were: +Privateers. +The Confederacy also issued a Letter of marque to any private ship captain who wanted to make a profit raiding United States merchant vessels. At first the risk was low and they kept the ship and its cargo much the same as pirates did. The owner and crew divided up the large profits. They avoided doing battle with Union warships and were usually fast enough to outrun them. +There was only one problem with the scheme. In the Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law signed in 1865, privateering was outlawed. All privateers were considered pirates and were subject to the death penalty when they were captured. Even though the United States had not signed the agreement, President Lincoln declared Confederate privateers were pirates and pirates were subject to death. This didn't stop a number of enterprising Southerners from outfitting a ship and getting involved in piracy on the high seas. One of the first ships seized actually hurt the South. It was a cargo of fruit going to the port of New Orleans. +Soon the illegal privateers were taking cargo ships in the Gulf of Mexico and all up and down the East Coast of the United States. An early Union victory was the capture of the "CSS Savannah" which had just been out to sea two days. The crew quickly found themselves on trial for piracy. The Confederacy threatened to hang captured Northern seamen if the crew was executed. In the end, the Union court dropped the charges of piracy and held the crew as prisoners of war. The crew was later traded in a prisoner exchange. +Torpedo service. +A modern torpedo is a cigar-shaped, self-propelled, underwater explosive device designed to destroy another ship or submarine. During the Civil War, what was then called a torpedo would be best described as a naval mine.Confederate president Davis was opposed to their use. He thought they were cowardly weapons and it was unethical to use them against anyone. Despite Davis' objections, the Congress of the Confederate States passed a law authorizing rewards for anyone inventing new ways to blow up enemy vessels using submersibles and mines. +In St. Louis, Missouri Confederates were hiding explosives in the firewood used to fuel the boilers of Union steamships on the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. In 1861, Matthew Fontaine Maury first used mines as a weapon against enemy ships. In Virginia, his "infernal machines" made the James River almost completely impassible. +Another invention was the coal torpedo. Disguised to look like a lump of coal it exploded when shoveled into a boiler. Another invention was called the "horological torpedo". It had a timer that allowed a delay in the explosion. They also developed better fuses and more powerful explosives. +Underwater mines were used by both sides. The Confederacy had more success. In 1862 Confederate mines sank the Union ironclad, the USS Cairo. The destroyed or damaged dozens more Union ships while Union torpedo mines sank only about six Confederate naval ships. +Singer Secret Service Corps. +The Confederate secretary of war, James Seddon, decided to issue rules that "passenger vessels of citizens of the United States on the high seas and private property on the water and [on] railroads or within the territory of the United States ... not be subject of operations." But he added, "The public property of the enemy may be destroyed wherever it may be found." Seddon hired up to 25 secret agents to place torpedoes and explosives wherever they could across the Confederacy. +Known as the "Singer Secret Service Corps" and Singer's Torpedo Company", they were a group of middle age Freemasons from a wide variety of backgrounds. They developed and used inventions such as torpedo boats, underwater mines and submarines during the last two years of the war. Some of these inventions had never been seen before while others were advancements on earlier designs. One of their main weapons was patented by Edgar C. Singer, the underwater contact mine. It contained of black powder. They used up to seven different types of mines, torpedos, torpedo boats, and submarines. +They built the submersible "H. L. Hunley". This submarine destroyed the Union warship "USS Housatonic" by ramming it with a torpedo mounted on a pole. +From their headquarters in the Spotswood Hotel in Richmond, Virginia, Singer and his agents set up secret workshops all over the South in coastal cities. During their two years of operations they blew up ships, trains, and railroad bridges killing a large number of people. Most of their missions were done at night close to Union patrol boats and sentries. Northern newspapers called Singer's inventions "infernal machines" and condemned their use as unchristian and assassinations of the worst kind. To cover up who they were and what they had done, their records were burned at the end of the war. They were constantly hunted as saboteurs and spies by Northern authorities. Admiral David Dixon Porter ordered that any of Singer's agents were caught with any of these inventions they were to be "shot on the spot". Names and descriptions of Singer's operatives were distributed by Union commanders. +One group, under the notorious Henry Dillingham, was sent by Davis near the end of the war to occupied Kentucky and Missouri to destroy a key bridge and any federal transportation they could. They were known to use the "coal torpedos" and several sources say one was used to blow up the "Sultana" in April 1865. It was in the area Dillingham was operating in and it was ferrying ex-confederate prisoners of war at the time it was destroyed. + += = = Joan Chen = = = +Joan Chen (born April 26, 1961) is a Chinese-American actress, movie director and movie producer. She became famous for her performance in the Academy Award-winning 1987 movie "The Last Emperor". She also had a role in the 1990-1991 television series "Twin Peaks". Chen played Mrs. Yee in the 2007 award-winning erotic thriller "Lust, Caution". +Chen was born in Shanghai, China. + += = = Sylvia Chang = = = +Sylvia Chang (born 21 July 1953) is a Taiwanese movie director, actress, singer and producer. She began her career in the 1970s. She has acted in, directed and produced many movies. +Chang won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actress. Her movies have been accepted into movie festivals. +She was born in Chiayi City, Taiwan. + += = = Azerbaijanfilm = = = +Azerbaijanfilm () is an Azerbaijani state movie studio. It is located in the capital city Baku. They mainly make movies and sometimes documentaries. +History. +"Azerbaijanfilm" started in 1920 as a photo-cinema department at the Azerbaijan SSR People's Commissariat (Government Ministry). In 1923 it was renamed to "Azerbaijani Photo-Cinema Office" (AFKI). There were several name changes, including "Azdovletkino" (1926–1930), "Azkino" (1930–1933), "Azfilm" (1933), "Azdovletkinosenaye" (1934), "Azerfilm" (1935–1940), and "Baku Cinema Studio" (1941–1959). In 1960 it became "Azerbaijanfilm" cinema studio named after Jafar Jabbarly. +Currently, "Azerbaijanfilm" is a part of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Azerbaijan. + += = = Cognitive impairment = = = +Cognitive impairment (also called cognitive deficit) is a condition in which mental functioning is not good. The term "cognitive impairment" may mean problems with intelligence, like intellectual disability (also called "mental deficiency"). It may also mean specific problems, such as learning disability, slow learning or dyslexia. +Cognitive impairment may be congenital or caused by environmental problems, such as brain injuries, neurological disorders or mental illness. + += = = Borderline intelligence = = = +Borderline intelligence (also called borderline intellectual functioning or borderline mental disability) is a category of intelligence in which a person has lower than normal mental ability. IQ levels are between 70 and 85. It is not as bad as intellectual disability (IQ 69 and under). +In school years, people with borderline intelligence are known as "slow learners". + += = = X.509 = = = +In cryptography, X.509 is a common "PKI" (public key infrastructure) used to manage digital certificates and public-key encryption and a key part of the Transport Layer Security protocol used to secure web and email communication. X.509 specifies ways in which public key certificates, certificate revocation lists, attribute certificates, and a certification path validation algorithms are formatted. + += = = 2016 United States presidential election in Texas = = = +The 2016 United States presidential election in Texas was held on 8 November 2016. It was part of the 2016 United States presidential election, in which all other states plus the District of Columbia voted. +On 1 March 2016, the state also voted for who they wanted to be the nominee of their respective parties. +Presidential. +Prediction. +Texas has not voted for the Republican candidate since the 1980 election. Below is a list of predictions from credible news organizations: +Caucuses. +Democratic. +The Democratic caucus occurred on 26 March 2016. +Republican. +The Republican caucus occurred on 1 March 2016. + += = = Profilage = = = +Profilage is a French crime drama TV series. It was developed in 2009 by Fanny Robert and Sophie Lebarbier along with TF1. +Background. +The series focuses on Chloé Saint-Laurent ("Odile Vuillemin"), a criminologist who works at police department in Paris. To solve crimes she uses her own experiences and intelligence. + += = = Vegas Golden Knights = = = +The Vegas Golden Knights are a professional ice hockey team based in the Las Vegas metropolitan area and are owned by Bill Foley. The team started play in the 2017–18 NHL season as a member of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL). In their very first season, they reached the Stanley Cup Finals where they lost to the Washington Capitals in five games, and five years later, they won their first Stanley Cup over the Florida Panthers in five games. This accomplishment was predicted by owner Bill Foley before the team had even been named. +History. +Formation and First Season (2017-2018). +After a successful vote on June 22, 2016, Las Vegas was officially approved to get an expansion team. They were allowed to begin playing in the 2017-2018 season. George McPhee was announced as the first general manager of the team. On November 22, 2016, it was revealed that the team name would be the Vegas Golden Knights. After the team paid their expansion fees on March 1, 2017, the Vegas Golden Knights were officially able to start operating. Gerard Gallant was announced as the teams first Head Coach on April 13, 2017. +On June 21, 2017, the Vegas Golden Knights participated in the 2017 NHL Expansion Draft at the T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas. The Knights were able to select 1 player from each of the 30 teams in the NHL to join the Golden Knights. +The Vegas Golden Knights played their first game on October 6th against the Dallas Stars. They won the game 2-1. The Golden Knights played their first home game at T-Mobile Arena on October 10, 2017 against the Arizona Coyotes. Before the game started, the team honoured the victims of the October 1 mass shooting that happened in Las Vegas just 9 days prior. The Golden Knights won the game 5-2. The Golden Knights had a very successful first season. The players on the Golden Knights played a lot better than people thought they would, so they got labelled as the "Golden Misfits". They won the Pacific Division with 109 points and made it to the playoffs. +The Golden Knights played against the LA Kings in the first round of the 2018 Stanley Cup Playoffs. The Golden Knights won the series 4-0. Golden Knights goalkeeper, Marc-Andre Fleury, had 2 shutouts and only let in 3 goals total during the 4 games. In the second round, the Golden Knights played against the San Jose Sharks. Fleury had another 2 shutouts and the Knights won the series after 6 games. The Golden Knights then played against the Winnipeg Jets in the Western Conference Finals. After losing game 1, the Golden Knights won 4 games in a row to beat the Jets. +The Golden Knights became the third team to ever make it to the Stanley Cup Finals in their first year. The only other teams to do it were the Toronto Arenas in 1918 and the St. Louis Blues in 1968. The Golden Knights ended up losing to the Washington Capitals in 5 games. +2022-2023 Season and Stanley Cup Champions. +During the off season, the Golden Knights fired head coach Pete DeBoer and hired Bruce Cassidy to take over. It was also announced that starting goaltender Robin Lehner would not be playing for the 2022-2023 season due to surgery. This led to the Golden Knights getting Adin Hill to be the backup goaltender to Logan Thompson (and eventually Laurent Brossoit). The Golden Knights had a very successful season despite injuries to Thompson, Hill, and Brossoit. Their captain, Mark Stone, also had injuries that forced him to sit out from mid January until April 18th. The Golden Knights finished the 2022-2023 season with a franchise record 111 points. They were first in the Western Conference and qualified for the Stanley Cup Playoffs for the 5th time in team history. +In the first round of the Playoffs, the Golden Knights played against the Winnipeg Jets. After losing the first game in the series, the Golden Knights won 4 games in a row to win the series 4-1. With the Golden Knights moving on to the second round, they played against the Edmonton Oilers. During game 3 of the series, Brossoit – who was the Golden Knights starting goaltender at the time – got injured in the first period and Hill had to take over. Despite losing their starting goalie, the Golden Knights won the series in six games. The Western Conference Finals match up featured the Golden Knights vs. the Dallas Stars. The Golden Knights had a very strong start to the series, winning the first 3 games in a row. In the end, the Golden Knights won the series 4-2 to move on to the Stanley Cup Finals against the Florida Panthers. +On June 13, 2023, after a big 9-3 victory in game 5 of the finals, the Golden Knights won their first Stanley Cup just 6 seasons after the team was created. They defeated the Florida Panthers 4 games to 1. The Golden Knights are the fastest expansion team in the NHL to win the Stanley Cup, beating the last record of 7 years set by the Philadelphia Flyers in 1974. + += = = Salgesch = = = +Salgesch () is a municipality in the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Turtmann = = = +Turtmann was a municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Turtmann and Unterems merged into the new municipality of Turtmann-Unterems. + += = = Janjaweed = = = +The Janjaweed are a militia that operate in Western Sudan and Eastern Chad. They are one of the main players in the Darfur conflict. + += = = Unterems = = = +Unterems (Walliser German: "Unneräms") was a municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Unterems and Turtmann merged into the new municipality of Turtmann-Unterems. + += = = Turtmann-Unterems = = = +Turtmann-Unterems is a municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Turtmann and Unterems merged into the new municipality of Turtmann-Unterems. + += = = Varen, Switzerland = = = +Varen (Walliser German: "Faru"; ) is a municipality in Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +It is known as the birthplace of skier Brigitte Albrecht-Loretan. + += = = Bovernier = = = +Bovernier is a municipality of the district Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Septic shock = = = +Septic shock is a medical condition which can result from sepsis. Sepsis is a special form of infection. With septic shock, the circulation of blood changes or stops. This makes septic shock a medical emergency, which is usually treated in intensive care. Between a quarter and half the people with the condition die. +Treatment is usually done in the following steps: + += = = Caucasian = = = +Caucasian might refer to: + += = = Evan McMullin = = = +David Evan McMullin (born on April 2, 1976) is a former CIA operations officer and independent presidential candidate. He ran for office as an independent in the 2016 United States presidential election. He calls himself a conservative alternative to the main presidential candidates. McMullin did not win any states in the election, but he performed well in Utah, where he got 20% of the popular vote. +Early life and career. +McMullin was born on 2 April 1976 in Provo, Utah, to David McMullin and Lanie Bullard. At a young age, his family moved to a rural area outside of Seattle, Washington, where his father worked as a computer scientist and his mother sold bulk foods to neighbors from the family's garage. +He joined the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) after the September 11 attacks. +2016 Presidential campaign. +On 8 August 2016, McMullin announced that he would run as a candidate for President of the United States in the 2016 presidential election as an independent. He decided to run because he saw Donald Trump as being an unfit conservative candidate. +McMullin had the support of several anti-Trump Republican donors. McMullin's campaign was supported by some members of the "Never Trump" movement. +On 6 October, he named Mindy Finn to be his running mate. +His support in Utah mainly arrived after a 2005 audio recording in which Donald Trump was heard bragging in about making unwanted sexual advances on women. +After the 2016 campaign. +After the 2016 campaign, McMullin became a strong critic of Trump and Putin. In a December 2016, op-ed, McMullin blasted Trump as a threat to American constitutional government, saying that the president-elect's actions were "consistent with the authoritarian playbook" and "undermined critical democratic norms including peaceful debate and transitions of power, commitment to truth, freedom from foreign interference and abstention from the use of executive power for political retribution." +To answer if there was any possibility of him running for Jason Chaffetz's seat in 2018, he said: "It is likely that I will seek public office again. That might be in 2018 or it might be sometime down the road, perhaps very far down the road. I genuinely just don't know yet. I'm very focused on things that I think need to be done ASAP and Mindy Finn and I, with our team at Stand Up Republic, advancing them now. It is possible that I will challenge Chaffetz or Senator Hatch, but there are a lot of factors that go into that decision." In the end, he did not run for either office. +On October 5, 2021, McMullin launched an independent campaign to unseat U.S. Senator Mike Lee in the 2022 election. He lost the election in November 2022. +Presidential results. +Below is a table showing his performance in various states. He did not win any state, so subsequently, he did not win any electoral votes. +Political beliefs. +McMullin is against abortion. He also wants to overturn "Roe v. Wade". He said that we would want to reduce unintended pregnancies and promote adoption. +He believes in the "traditional marriage between a man and a woman," but "respects" the "Obergefell v. Hodges" decision (which allowed same-sex marriage nationwide) and wants to "move on" from the issue. +McMullin supports free trade, and believes that it has a lot of benefits. He supports NAFTA and the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership. +He also wants to reduce the corporate tax, individual income tax. and the estate tax. +He wants to cut some support of programs like Social Security, and raise the retirement age. +McMullin is one of the few conservatives in the United States who believes in climate change that is caused by humans. He said,"I do believe that the climate is changing, and I do believe that human activity is contributing to it. If I were president, I would increase investment in technologies that can help us limit and decrease our carbon emissions." +On immigration, McMullin supports more border security but not mass deportation. +McMullin supports the part of Obamacare that doesn't allow health insurance companies to deny coverage against people with preexisting conditions. However, he also said that "we also need to do better than ObamaCare." +McMullin admires foreign leaders like Benjamin Netanyahu and Shinzō Abe. +He believes that Donald Trump, the Republican candidate, has an "allegiance to Russian President Vladimir Putin." McMullin accused Putin of trying to destabilize European and North American countries "through fomenting discord between different racial groups, different ethnic groups and different religious groups." +McMullin supports keeping the Guantanamo Bay detention camp open and opposes the use of torture and has criticized Trump's support for it. + += = = Bulgogi = = = +Bulgogi is a Korean dish. It is usually made of grilled beef which has been soaked in sauce for a long time. +History. +Bulgogi is believed to have come from Goguryeo, one of the three kingdoms of ancient Korea. It was called "Maekjeok" at first. In the Joseon dynasty, it was called "Neobiani" which means 'thinly spread'. +Nutrition. +There are a lot of essential nutrients in bulgogi. In bulgogi, there are lots of lysine, which is an Essential amino acid. It help children's growth and development. + += = = They = = = +They is the third person plural pronoun in English, used to describe a subject. The object form is "them". "They" can be used for both people or objects. +'They' can also be used for the singular third person if the gender of the person is unknown, or to purposely be ambiguous, or neither male nor female. Some people choose to use 'they' as their pronouns. Singular 'they' is conjugated the same way as the plural form, similar to the matching conjugations of the plural and singular 'you' in English. Singular 'they' is never used for objects, only people. +'They' can also be used to refer to a generic group of people, such as "In Britain, they celebrate Christmas in December". + += = = Lençóis Maranhenses National Park = = = +The Lençóis Maranhenses National Park (Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses) is a national park in Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. +It is an area with low, flat, occasionally flooded land, between large sand dunes. It is about . Despite abundant rain, it has almost no vegetation. +With large, white, sweeping dunes, Lençóis Maranhenses looks like a typical desert, but in fact it is not one. Being just outside the Amazon Basin, the region gets a regular rainy season in first half of the year. When it rains, fresh water collects in the valleys between sand dunes. The water is prevented from sinking down by a layer of rock underneath the sand. This results in blue, green and black lagoons surrounded by the desert-like sand. The lagoons are at their fullest between July and September. +When the lagoons are full, they are interconnected to rivers such as the Rio Negro. From the river, large numbers of fish arrive. One species of fish, however, is resident. The wolf fish or tiger fish ("Hoplias malabaricus") stays dormant in the mud and moist areas after most of the water has evaporated, re-emerging during the next rainy season. + += = = Military glider = = = +Military gliders (a variation of the common glider) have been used by the military of various countries for carrying troops and heavy equipment into a war zone. They were used mainly during the Second World War. These aircraft with no engines were towed into the air and most of the way to their target by military transport planes. One of the most popular tow aircraft was the C-47 Skytrain or Dakota. They could also be towed by bombers. Military gliders do not soar. Once released from the tow craft near the front lines, they were to land on any convenient open terrain close to their target. +They tried to landed with as little damage as possible to the cargo and crew as possible. But most landing zones (LZ) were far from ideal. The one-way nature of the missions meant that military gliders were treated as being disposable. This is why they were made from common and inexpensive materials such as wood. They were unarmored, fragile, aircraft with crude steering and no brakes. This is why a large number of them crashed on landing. Troops landing by glider were referred to as airborne infantry. Pilots called themselves "tow targets" while the soldiers referred to the gliders as "flying coffins." Casualties for some missions ran as high as 40%. +Gilders had certain advantages, however. Paratroopers, soldiers landing by parachute, were usually spread over a large area. They could easily be separated from other paratroopers and from air-dropped equipment, such as vehicles and anti-tank guns. Gliders, on the other hand, could land troops and equipment precisely at the target landing area. Once released from the tow aircraft, military gliders were silent and difficult for the enemy to identify. Larger gliders were developed to land heavy equipment like anti-tank guns, anti-aircraft guns, small vehicles, such as jeeps, and also light tanks (e.g., the Tetrarch tank). This heavier equipment made glider forces much more capable. During World War II, the United States had about 6,000 trained glider pilots. Some were given a second chance to fly as glider pilots after failing to complete conventional aircraft training. The Soviets also experimented with ways to deliver light tanks by air, including the Antonov A-40, a gliding tank with detachable wings. +By the time of the Korean War, helicopters had largely replaced gliders. Helicopters have the advantage of being able to deliver and extract soldiers to and from the battlefield with more precision. Also, modern advances allow even light tanks to be dropped by parachute. Only special forces use gliders for silent, small-scale insertion today. + += = = Freedom of Information Act 2000 = = = +The Freedom of Information Act 2000 was introduced by the British Government in the year 2000. +The Act creates a general right of access, on request, to information held by public authorities. That means any member of the public may demand that withheld information about them is released to them. +About 120,000 requests are made each year. Private citizens made 60% of them, with businesses and journalists accounting for 20% and 10% respectively. The Act cost £35.5 million in 2005. +Although there are some groups which are exceptions to the Act, it covers over 19,000 authorities. + += = = Cannabis (drug) = = = +Cannabis, also known as marijuana, weed, sativa, and indica (as well as other names) is a psychoactive drug from the "Cannabis" plant used for medical or recreational purposes. (in legalized states). The main psychoactive part of cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), one of the 483 known compounds in the plant, including at least 65 other cannabinoids, which are chemicals only found in Cannabis. Cannabis can be used by smoking, vaporizing, within food, or as an extract. +Cannabis is mostly used recreationally or medically although like other psychoactive drugs it may also be used for spiritual purposes. In 2013, between 128 and 232 million people used cannabis (2.7% to 4.9% of the global population between the ages of 15 and 65). It is the most commonly used illegal drug in the world, though it is legal in some jurisdictions, with the highest use among adults () in Zambia, the United States, Canada, and Nigeria. Recently many states have begun to legalize cannabis for recreational use. Marijuana is becoming more widely used. +Marijuana plants are grouped into 3 categories: Sativa, Indica, and Hybrid. A hybrid is a combination of Sativa and Indica. Sativa is an upper strand whilst indica is a downer. These 3 categories are then divided and categorized more into different strains. Strains are minor differences in how you feel when you use Cannabis. Some of the most famous and well-known strains of marijuana are: Acapulco Gold, Gelato, Grape Ape, White Widow, Purple Haze, Skunk and G13. + += = = Draguignan = = = +Draguignan () is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, in southeastern France. +It is a subprefecture of the department. +History. +Draguignan became the prefecture of the Var in 1797, at the beginning of the French Revolution. This was even if the town was not the biggest city in the department. It remained as the prefecture until 1974 when it was moved to Toulon. +Geography. +The city is at the foot of the Malmont mountain, in a valley that is about long, from northwest to southeast. The Nartuby, a tributary of the Argens river, flows to the west of the city. +Draguignan has an area of , and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is . +Draguignan is surrounded by the "communes" Saint-Rémy, Maleville, La Bastide-l'Évêque, Morlhon-le-Haut, Sanvensa, La Rouquette, Savignac and Toulonjac. +Climate. +The climate of Draguignan, in the Köppen climate classification, is Csb - Mediterranean climate with template summers. +Population. +With a population in 2013 of 39,174, Draguignan has a population density is of inhabitants/km2. +The inhabitants of Draguignan are known, in French, as "Dracenois" (women: "Dracenoises"). +Sister cities. +Draguignan is twinned with: + += = = The Conquest of Malacca (epic poem) = = = +The Conquest of Malacca ("Malaca conquistada") is an epic poem by Portuguese poet Francisco de Sá de Meneses. +General information. +"The Conquest of Malacca" is an epic poem. It was published in 1634. It is one of the more noted Portuguese poem of the 17th century. +Author. +Francisco de Sá de Meneses was a poet of Baroque. He was born about 1600 and died in 1664. +Form. +The poem is written in ottava rima (oitava-rima in Portuguese). In other words it is composed of stanzas of eight lines, rhymed abababcc. The same strophe was used earlier by Luís de Camões in "The Lusiads". +Story. +The poem by Francisco de Sá de Meneses tells about the batles of Malacca. The battle was fought in 1511. Portuguese forces, led by Afonso de Albuquerque, the governor of India, seized the city of Malacca. The city was a strong fortress. It controlled the strait of Malacca, which was the way to China. +Translation. +The poem was translated into English by Edgar C. Knowlton, Jr. The book was published by University of Malaya Press in Kuala Lumpur in 1970. + += = = Bielski partisans = = = +The Bielski partisans were a group of Jewish partisans (an irregular military group) who fought against the Nazis during World War II. They rescued Jews from extermination. They fought against the Nazis, who had taken over Poland. They also fought against people who cooperated with the Nazis. They lived and fought around Nowogródek (Navahrudak) and Lida in Poland (now western Belarus). They were named after the Bielskis, a family of Polish Jews who led the group. +Under the Bielski partisans' protection, 1,236 Jews survived the war. This was one of many remarkable rescue missions in the Holocaust. The group spent more than two years living in the forests and was initially organised by members of the Bielski family. +Background. +The Bielski family were millers and grocers in Stankiewicze (Stankievichy) near Nowogródek. At the beginning of WWII, this area belonged to the Second Polish Republic. It was taken over by the Soviet Union in September 1939 (cf. Polish September Campaign and Soviet invasion of Poland) as part of an agreement between Nazi Germany and Josef Stalin's Soviet Union that they would not fight each other. +The Bielski family served as low-level administrators in the new government set up by the Soviets. This made many local Poles unhappy, because they saw the Soviets as occupiers. +On 22 June 1941, Nazi Germany began Operation Barbarossa and invaded the Soviet Union. Nowogródek became a Jewish ghetto. The Nazis took over and began their genocidal policies in Poland and Belarus. +Partisans. +Formation. +The Bielski's parents and older family members were killed in the ghetto on 8 December 1941. The four Bielski brothers - Tuvia, Alexander (also known as "Zus"), Asael, and Aron Bielski - managed to escape to the nearby forest. Together with 13 neighbours from the ghetto, they formed their partisan combat group in the spring of 1942. Originally, about forty people were in the group, but it grew quickly. +The oldest brother, Tuvia, was the group's commander. Tuvia had served in the Polish Army from 1927 to 1929, rising to the rank of corporal. He had been interested in the Zionist youth movement. He sent people to sneak into the ghettos in the area, recruiting new members to join the group in the Naliboki Forest. Hundreds of men, women and children eventually found their way to the Bielski camp. At its largest, 1,236 people belonged to the group. Seven out of every ten members were women, children, or elderly. No one was turned away. About 150 group members used weapons to fight the Nazis and the people who cooperated with them. +Organization. +The partisans lived in underground dugouts (zemlyankas) or bunkers. In their forest camp, they built many things, including: +Members of the group did many different jobs. For example: +The group also set up a school in one of the dugouts. The camp even had its own jail and court of law. +Some accounts say that poor members of the group were not treated as well as richer members. +Activities. +The Bielski group's partisan activities were aimed at the Germans and their collaborators (people who cooperated with the Nazis, like Belarusian volunteer policemen or local residents who had betrayed or killed Jews). The group also used sabotage to fight the Nazis. The Nazi regime offered a reward of 100,000 Reichsmarks to anyone who could help them catch Tuvia Bielski. In 1943, the Nazis led major efforts to get rid of all partisan groups in the area. Some of these groups suffered major casualties, but the Bielski partisans fled safely to a deeper part of the forest, and continued to offer protection to the non-fighters among their band. +Like other partisan groups in the area, the Bielski group would raid nearby villages and force people to give them food. Sometimes, peasants who refused to share their food with the partisans were attacked or even murdered. This made many of the peasants in the villages angry at the Bielski partisans, though some would willingly help the Jewish partisans. +The Bielski partisans eventually teamed up with Soviet groups around the Naliboki Forest under General Platon (Vasily Yefimovich Chernyshev). Soviet commanders tried several times to get Bielski fighters to join their units, but they refused. Tuvia continued to command the Bielski partisans. This allowed him to continue in his mission to protect Jewish lives along with engaging in combat activity. However, it would also cause problems later on. +The Bielski partisan leaders split the group into two units, one named "Ordzhonikidze", led by Zus, and the other "Kalinin", commanded by Tuvia. Fighting on the Soviet side, they took part in fights between Polish and Soviet forces. On 1 December 1943, they helped the Soviets disarm a group of Polish partisans. According to records kept by the partisans, the Bielski fighters from both units claimed to have killed a total of 381 enemy fighters, sometimes during joint actions with Soviet groups. +Disbandment. +In the summer of 1944, the Soviets began to fight back against the Nazi occupiers in Belarus, and took over the area. At this point, the "Kalinin" unit, which included 1,230 men, women and children, came out of the forest and marched into Novogrodek. +Even though they have previously worked and cooperated with the Soviets, relations between the Soviets and the Bielski partisans got worse quickly. The NKVD started interrogating the Bielski brothers about the rumours of loot they had reportedly collected during the war, and about their failure to "implement socialist ideals in the camp". Asael Bielski was conscripted into the Soviet Red Army and fell in the Battle of Königsberg in 1945. The remaining brothers escaped Soviet-controlled lands, emigrating to the West. Tuvia's cousin, Yehuda Bielski, was sought by the NKVD for having been an officer in the pre-war Polish Army. However, with Tuvia's help, he managed to escape to Hungary, then to Israel. +Post-war. +After the war, Tuvia Bielski returned to Poland, then emigrated to present-day Israel in 1945. Tuvia and Zus eventually settled in New York, where they ran a successful trucking business. When Tuvia died in 1987, he was buried in Long Island, New York. However, a year later, surviving partisans in Israel got his body to be exhumed (taken out of the ground). He was given a hero's funeral at Har Hamenuchot, the hillside graveyard in Jerusalem. His wife, Lilka, was buried beside him in 2001. +The last living Bielski brother, Aron Bielski, emigrated to the US in 1951. He changed his name to "Aron Bell." The remainder of the Bell family now lives in upstate New York and California. Aron lives in Florida. None of the Bielskis ever sought any praise or reward for their actions. +Yehuda Bielski, their first cousin and fellow partisan, moved to Israel to fight in the Irgun. +Stankiewicze (Stankevichi) no longer exists. It was at , just off Route P11, approximately halfway between Biarozauka and Navahrudak. +Allegations of war crimes. +Some of the members of the Bielski partisans (but not the Bielski brothers themselves) have been accused of war crimes in the villages near them. In particular, Bielski partisans have been accused of being involved in the 1943 Naliboki massacre of 129 people, committed by Soviet partisans. Some witnesses and some historians say that members of the Bielskis' unit were at the massacre. However, former group members and other historians say this is not true. They say that the partisans did not arrive in the area until several months later. +The Polish Institute of National Remembrance has been investigating the massacre since the early 2000s. As of April 2009, it has not issued official findings. However, some historians working at the Institute have written in other publications that the Bielski brothers had not been involved in the massacre. +Books and film. +Two recent English language books have focused on the Bielski story: "Defiance" (1993) by Nechama Tec, and "The Bielski Brothers" (2004) by Peter Duffy. The group is also mentioned in numerous books about this period in history. A new book (January 2009) in Polish by two reporters from Gazeta Wyborcza, "Odwet: Prawdziwa historia braci Bielskich" ("Revenge: The True Story of the Bielski Brothers") focuses on the larger political and historical context in which the partisans operated, specifically the fighting between Polish and Soviet resistance groups in the Kresy (former Eastern Poland) region. "Fugitives of the Forest: The Heroic Story of Jewish Resistance and Survival During the Second World War", by Allan Levine (first published 1998, 2008 reissue, by Lyons Press), tells the story of Jewish fighters and refugees in forests across Europe, including the Bielski partisans. "With Courage Shall We Fight: The Memoirs and Poetry of Holocaust Resistance Fighters Frances "Fruma" Gulkowich Berger and Murray “Motke” Berger" tells the story of two Bielski Brigade fighters before, during and after the War. +In 2006, the History Channel aired a documentary titled "The Bielski Brothers: Jerusalem in the Woods", written and directed by filmmaker Dean Ward. +An episode of the BBC series "Who Do You Think You Are?" featured UK television personality Natasha Kaplinsky discovering that her great uncle Ytsak Kaplinski was a member of the Bielski partisans. He survived the war and emigrated to South Africa. +The BBC series Ray Mears's "Extreme Survival" featured an episode about the Bielski partisans. +The feature film "Defiance", co-written, produced and directed by Edward Zwick, was released nationwide on 16 January 2009. It stars Daniel Craig, Liev Schreiber, Jamie Bell, and George MacKay as Tuvia, Zus, Asael and Aron Bielski respectively. It opened to mixed reviews and raised questions about the roles various groups played during the war. + += = = Roman dictator = = = +A dictator was the senior magistrate of the Roman Republic. They were regularly appointed from the earliest period of the Republic down to the Second Punic War. +Dictators had the full authority of the state to deal with a military emergency or to undertake a specific duty. The right of the Tribune of the plebs to veto his actions was extremely limited. However, to prevent the dictatorship from threatening the state itself, limitations were placed on his powers. A dictator had a clear sphere of authority. He had to resign once his task was done, or after six months. +After the Second Punic War, no dictators were appointed for over a century. Then the idea was revived by Sulla, and later by Caesar. Sulla was a tyrant, and Caesar was murdered soon after becoming dictator. +The office was formally abolished after the death of Caesar, and not revived under the Empire. + += = = Vargas tragedy = = = +Vargas tragedy is one of the worst disaster that struck the Venezuelan country's Vargas state on 15 December 1999. It was a result of heavy downpour of rain, flash floods and mudslides that followed on 14-16 December 1999 which killed 10,000*30,000 peoples.This disaster led to an complete collapse of the infrastructure of the state of Vargas. +Many towns were swept away to the ocean due to the floods.Whole towns like Cerro Grande and Carmen de Uria completely disappeared. As much as 10% of the population of Vargas perished during this event.The coastal area of Vargas has long been subject to mudslides and flooding: geologically similar catastrophes occurred with regularity. The most recent major flood was in 1951, however that event did not cause as much damage. +In a 52-hour span during 14, 15 and 16 December 1999, of rain (approximately one year's total rainfall for the region) was measured on the north-central coast of Venezuela at Simón Bolívar International Airport in Maiquetia, Venezuela. These heavy rains included of accumulation in just one hour, between 6 and 7 AM on the 16th; precipitation on both the 15th and 16th exceeded the 1,000-year probability rainfall event. Even so, the coast received much less rain than some regions upstream. +The disaster caused estimated damages of USD $1.79 to $3.5 billion. The death toll was considered to be between 10,000 and 30,000—the exact number of casualties is difficult to determine as there was no reliable census data, especially about shanty towns and small communities that were completely wiped out; moreover, only some 1,000 bodies were recovered, with the rest swept to sea by the mud or buried in the landslides. More than 8,000 homes and 700 apartment buildings were destroyed in Vargas displacing up to 75,000 people. + += = = Charrat = = = +Charrat was a municipality in Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021, Charrat became a part of Martigny. + += = = Fully = = = +Fully is a municipality in the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Isérables = = = +Isérables is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Leytron = = = +Leytron is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +Villages. +Leytron, Ovronnaz, Les Moulins, Produit, Montagnon, Les Places, Le Four, Dugny, Morthey and Lui Teise. + += = = Martigny-Combe = = = +Martigny-Combe is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +Villages. +Martigny-Croix, Le Brocard, Le Borgeaud, Les Rappes, La Fontaine, Le Cergneux, Le Fays, Le Sommet-des-Vignes and Ravoire. + += = = Riddes = = = +Riddes is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Viriato Trágico = = = +Viriato Trágico is a long poem by Portuguese poet Brás Garcia de Mascarenhas (1596-1656). +General information. +Viriato Trágico is a heroic poem, one of the most important Portuguese poems of the 17th century. It consists of twenty books. It was first printed in 1699, many years after author's death. +Form. +The poem about Viriatus by Garcia de Mascarenhas is written in ottava rima (oitava rima in Portuguese). This strophe was very popular in Portugal in 17th century. It was introduced into Portuguese literature by Francisco de Sá de Miranda. After Luís de Camões used the strophe in The Lusiads all poets emloyed it in long works. The strophe consists of eight lines rhymed abababcc. The lines are composed of ten syllables each. +Story. +The poem tells about an ancient hero, Viriatus. He was a warrior from Lusitania (old Portugal). He was famous for his struggle for independence against the Romans. He was invincible in any battle. As the Romans could not defeat him in the open field, the decided to get rid of him by an unlawful deed. Viriatus was assasinated in his sleep. +He died, but his fame outlived the Roman empire. + += = = Saillon = = = +Saillon is a town and municipality in the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = SPQR = = = +SPQR are the initials of a Latin phrase "Senātus Populusque Rōmānus". It means "The Senate and People of Rome". +It refers to the government of the ancient Roman Republic. It is still used as an official emblem of the modern-day municipality of Rome. +SPQR appears on Roman coins, at the end of documents made public by inscription in stone or metal, in dedications of monuments and public works, and on the flag (vexilloid) of the Roman legions. +The phrase appears in Roman political, legal and historical literature, such as the speeches of Cicero and "Ab Urbe Condita Libri" ("Books from the Founding of the City") of Livy. +The date of first use of SPQR is not known. It first appears in inscriptions of the later Republic, from about 80 BC onwards. It last appears on coins of Constantine the Great (ruled AD 312-337), the first Christian Roman emperor. +The signature continued in use under the Roman Empire. The emperors were considered the representatives of the people, although the decrees of the Senate were dictated by the wishes of the emperor. +Similar language in more modern political and social revolutions no doubt comes from this usage. During the Fascist regime of Benito Mussolini, SPQR was emblazoned on many public buildings in an attempt to promote his dictatorship as a "New Roman Empire" + += = = The National Museum of Computing = = = +The National Museum of Computing is a museum in the United Kingdom dedicated to collecting and restoring old computer systems. The museum is based at Bletchley Park in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire. It opened in 2007. The building — "Block H" — was built in 1944. At the end of World War II it housed six Colossus computers. It is the first computer centre in the world. +The museum has a rebuilt Colossus computer. It also has an exhibition of the most complex code cracking activities that were performed at Bletchley Park during World War II. More modern computers can be seen. They show the history of the development of computing from the 1940s to the present day. The museum tries to have these machines in working order. +Although located on the Bletchley Park "campus", The National Museum of Computing is an entirely separate charity. It receives no public funding. It relies on the generosity of donors and supporters. Tickets for admission to the museum are separate from those for the other museum on the site. + += = = Day of the Dead = = = +Day of the Dead () is a Mexican holiday celebrated in Mexico known around the world by the skull painting face. It is celebrated by people of Mexico living in other places, especially the United States. Family and friends gather for this multi-day holiday to pray for and remember friends and family members who have died while creating an Ofrenda. They do Ofrenda on a altar at home and also on the grave. It is also to help support their spiritual journey. In 2008, the tradition was inscribed in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. +The origin of the day of the dead comes from a mix of culture. Aztec and Christian are the main influence of it. In some countries people use sugar skull painting for Halloween but it is not the same celebration. Everyone is welcomed to join in on the celebration, but nearly everyone in Mexico celebrates it. The Day of the Dead is a holiday celebrated all throughout Mexico. It is a day to celebrate, remember and prepare special foods in honor of those who have died. The traditional food is the bread of the dead (pan de muertos). People paint there faces to match Caleveras. The famous decoration is the skulls, Marigolds, and candles. People believe the spirit of the dead goes and visits their families from October 31 (aka Halloween) then leaves on November 2. The Day of the Dead is held every year on the of November in Mexico. This Mexican holiday is celebrated because families do it to honor their loved ones who have passed. + += = = Betsy DeVos = = = +Elisabeth "Betsy" DeVos (née Prince; born January 8, 1958) is an American billionaire businesswoman, philanthropist, and education activist from Michigan. She was the 11th United States Secretary of Education from February 7, 2017 to January 8, 2021. DeVos is known for her advocacy of school choice and voucher programs. +On November 23, 2016, it was announced that DeVos would be nominated to serve as Secretary of Education in the coming administration of President-elect Donald Trump. On February 7, 2017, she was confirmed by the United States Senate by a 50-50 vote with Vice President Mike Pence breaking the tie in her favor. +In January 2021, DeVos resigned from the Trump cabinet over the events of the storming of the United States Capitol. +Early life. +DeVos was born Elisabeth Prince on January 8, 1958 in Holland, Michigan. She was educated at the Holland Christian High School, a private school in her home town of Holland, Michigan. She graduated from Calvin College in Grand Rapids, Michigan, where she earned a bachelor's degree in business administration and political science. +Business career. +DeVos is chairwoman of the Windquest Group, a privately held operating group that invests in technology, manufacturing, and clean energy. DeVos and her husband founded it in 1989. +Political activity. +Since 1982, DeVos has participated in the Michigan Republican Party. She served as a local precinct delegate. She was a Republican National Committeewoman for Michigan between 1992 and 1997, and served as chairwoman of the Michigan Republican Party from 1996 to 2000. DeVos resigned the position in 2000. She said in 2000, "It is clear I have never been a rubber stamp... I have been a fighter for the grassroots, and following is admittedly not my strong suit." +In 2003, DeVos ran again for party chairman and was elected to the post without opposition. +United States Secretary of Education. +On November 23, 2016, it was announced that DeVos was President-elect Trump's choice to be the next United States Secretary of Education. Upon her nomination, DeVos said "I am honored to work with the President-elect on his vision to make American education great again. The "status quo" in ed is not acceptable". +Former presidential candidates Jeb Bush, Mitt Romney, and Carly Fiorina respectively called DeVos an "outstanding pick", a "smart choice", and the "transformative leader our students need". Republican Senator Ben Sasse said DeVos "has made a career out of standing up to powerful and connected special interests on behalf of poor kids who are too often forgotten by Washington." In an opinion editorial, "The Chicago Tribune" wrote that "DeVos has helped lead the national battle to expand education opportunities for children." +The confirmation hearing for DeVos was initially scheduled for January 10, 2017, but was delayed for one week after the Office of Government Ethics requested more time to review her financial disclosures. The confirmation hearing was later held on January 17. +On February 7, 2017, DeVos was confirmed by the Senate by a 51–50 margin, with Vice President Mike Pence breaking the tie in favor of DeVos's nomination; it was the first time a vice president had done so for the appointment of a cabinet nominee. +Betsy DeVos and her family spend millions promoting education privatization schemes. Long before she became Secretary of Education, Betsy DeVos used her family’s wealth to privatize public schools. She funds politicians who support voucher schemes. DeVos won confirmation despite 1.1 million letters and 80,000 phone calls from NEA supporters urging senators to vote no. Vice President Mike Pence cast the deciding vote, the first time in the nation’s history a vice president’s vote was necessary to approve a cabinet nominee. +On January 7, 2021, DeVos resigned from her job as Secretary of Education after the January 6 U.S. Capitol riots. She was the second cabinet member to resign following the storming, the first being the United States Secretary of Transportation Elaine Chao. +Personal life. +DeVos is married to businessman and millionaire Dick DeVos. Together, they have four children and one grandchild. DeVos' father-in-law, Richard DeVos is the current owner of the Orlando Magic. + += = = Orville Turnquest = = = +Sir Orville Alton Turnquest (born 19 July 1929) is a retired Bahamian politician. He was the Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of the Bahamas from 1992 to 1994, and the fifth Governor-General of the Bahamas from 3 January 1994 until his retirement on 13 November 2001. +Turnquest was born in Grants Town, New Providence. He was educated at the University of London. + += = = Ivy Dumont = = = +Dame Ivy Leona Dumont, DCMG (born 2 October 1930) is a retired Bahamian politician. She was the sixth Governor-General of the Bahamas. +She was the first woman in the Bahamas to hold this office, from 1 January 2002 (on an acting basis since 13 November 2001) until 30 November 2004. She previously served as Education Minister from 1995 to 2001. + += = = Luis García Meza = = = +Luis García Meza Tejada (August 8, 1929 – April 29, 2018) was a former Bolivian dictator. In 1980, he led a military coup d'état on President Lidia Gueiler Tejada, his cousin. He later made himself president on 17 July 1980. He left office on 4 August 1981 after being exiled for human rights violations. Before becoming president, he worked closely with Bolivian president Hugo Banzer. +García Meza died in La Paz on April 29, 2018, of a heart attack at the age of 88. + += = = Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada = = = +Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada Sánchez de Bustamante (born 1 July 1930), familiarly known as "Goni", is a Bolivian politician and businessman. He served as President of Bolivia for two non-consecutive terms from 6 August 1993 through 6 August 1997 and again from 6 August 2002 through his resignation on 17 October 2003. He is a lifelong member of the Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (MNR). + += = = I'll Be Missing You = = = +I'll Be Missing You is a song performed by American rapper Puff Daddy and singer Faith Evans featuring 112. It was in memory of Christopher "The Notorious B.I.G." Wallace. He was killed in Los Angeles on March 9, 1997. It sampled the melody of The Police's Every Breath You Take song from the 1980s. As well as these artists, Sting (vocalist from The Police) joined in at the MTV Video Music Awards in 1997. + += = = Hate groups in the United States = = = +A hate group is a group that hates a specific group of people. For example, a hate group might hate everyone who belongs to a different ethnic group, religion, sex, and/or sexual orientation. +Statistics. +According to the Southern Poverty Law Center, as of 2015, there were 892 hate groups currently operating in the United States. Hate groups exist in every state. +According to the Southern Poverty Law Center: +Types of hate groups. +There are many different types of hate groups. Of the 892 hate groups currently operating in the U.S.: +According to the Anti-Defamation League, as of 2015, 21,000,000 people in the United States admitted to having anti-Semitic attitudes. For example, 31% of people admitted that they think "Jews are more loyal to Israel than to [this country/the countries they live in]. + += = = SMS Posen = = = +SMS Posen was a German battleship built in 1907 and launched in 1910. She had twelve 11 inch guns in six turrets. +The ship sailed during most of the First World War, in the North Sea. The main battle she was in was the Battle of Jutland where she hit another German ship which then sank. +The ship served with her three sister ships for the majority of World War I. She saw extensive service in the North Sea, where she took part in several fleet sorties. These culminated in the Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916, where "Posen" was heavily engaged in night-fighting against British light forces. In the confusion, the ship accidentally rammed the light cruiser SMS "Elbing", which suffered serious damage and was scuttled later in the night. +The ship also conducted several deployments to the Baltic Sea against the Russian Navy. In the first of these, "Posen" supported a German naval assault in the Battle of the Gulf of Riga. The ship was sent back to the Baltic in 1918 to support the White Finns in the Finnish Civil War. At the end of the war, "Posen" remained in Germany while the majority of the fleet was interned in Scapa Flow. In 1919, following the scuttling of the German fleet in Scapa Flow, she was ceded to the British as a replacement for the ships that had been sunk. She was then sent to ship-breakers in the Netherlands and scrapped in 1922. +About. +Posen was 146 m long and 27 m wide. She weighed 18,873 tonnes. Her crew was 40 officers and 968 sailors, 1008 total. She had three coal engines and could go at 20 knots or 9600 miles at 12 knots. +Her guns were 28 cm wide and were in six twin turrets in a hexagon shape around the ship. She also had 15cm and 8.8 cm anti aircraft guns. She carried six torpedo which she could shoot out the front, back and sides. She had thick armour along both sides, 30cm thick in most places. +History. +Posen was first ordered in 1906 as the Ersatz Baden. She started being built on 11 June 1907 in secret. She sailed for the first time in December 1908. She cost the German government 36,920,000 Marks. +She went to Wilhelmshavenin 1910 and sailed out of there for the next 4 years. In World War 1 she spent a lot of time in the North Sea, and sometimes going down to the Baltic sea to fight the Russian Navy. She was part of the Battle of Jutland, and in the fight she hit another German ship and made it sink. + += = = No. 77 Squadron RAAF = = = +No. 77 Squadron is a squadron in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). It flies out of RAAF Williamtown in New South Wales, Australia. It is part of No. 81 Wing and has F18 Hornet fighters. +The squadron started at RAAF Pearce in Western Australia in 1942 during the Second World War, and fought in the Pacific Theatre with P40 Kittyhawks. After the war it got new P51 Mustangs and went to Japan. +In 1950 it went to Korea to support the United Nations against North Korea. It got Meteor jets there and shot down five MiG 15s and 5,000 buildings and vehicles. +When they went back to Australia in 1956 they got new Sabre jets. In 1958 they went to Malaya to help the Commonwealth there. They stayed there, looking after the country until 1969. Then they went back to Williamtown and got new Mirage jets, then F18 Hornets in 1987. It went to Afghanistan in 2001 and again in 2015. In 2021 it will get F35 Lightning fighters. +Jobs and planes. +The squadron has F18 Hornets which they got in 1987. They look after an area of sky in New South Wales. + += = = Gautam = = = +Gautam is a mythological Hindu sage (Rishi) and one of the seven Rishis. Hindu scriptures have named them as saptarishis, that is, the seven sages. The seven sages were Kashyapa, Atri, Vashitha, Vishvamitra, Gautam, Jamdagni, and Bharadvaja. According to Hindu mythology, these seven sages had become like divine beings. Ancient astrology of Hindus identified these seven sages with the stars of the sky, the Great Bear. Their wives formed the Pleiades. +The Rig Veda has several 'hymns' that go with his name. Sage Gautam is one of the greatest amongst all Saptarshis (seven sages). He was the son of Rahugana. He married to Ahalya and had two sons Vamadeva and Nodhas both themselves discoverers of Mantras. Ramayan and Mahabharatha have references to Sage Gautam as he lived during these two Yugas. +Sage Gautam's sixty-year-long penance is mentioned in the Shanti Parva of the Mahabharata. He is the progenitor of the Gautama gotra. + += = = Atri = = = +Atri is a mythological Hindu sage. He is one of the seven Rishis. Hindu scriptures have named them as saptarishis, that is, the seven sages. The seven sages were Kashyapa, Atri, Vashitha, Vishvamitra, Gautam, Jamdagni, and Bharadvaja. According to Hindu mythology, these seven sages had become like divine beings. Ancient astrology of Hindus identified these seven sages with the stars of the sky, the Great Bear. Their wives formed the Pleiades. + += = = Boro language (India) = = = +Bodo (��') or Boro is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken primarily by the Bodo people of Northeast India. It is official language of the Bodoland autonomous region and co-official language of the state of Assam in India. It is also one of twenty two languages listed in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India. The Bodo language has been written using Devanagari script since 1963. Some scholar believe that at ancient time boro language were written in "Deodhai" script which is now lost. +History and linguistic classification. +Bodo is a Sino-Tibetan language of the Bodo group. It is closely related to the Dimasa language and Tiwa (Lalung) Language of Assam. It is also related to the Garo language of Meghalaya and the Kokborok language of Tripura. The Bodo speaking areas of Assam stretch from Dhubri in the west to Sadiya in the east. In Alipurduar, Cooch Behar and Jalpaiguri and other parts of Bengal, the Boros are known as "Mech". According to the 1991 census, the population of Boro speakers was 1,984,569 (Bodo 1,324,748), (Mech 659,821). The census reports of Bodo tribe, however, includes only the Bodos. It excludes the Mech tribe. The word "Boro" means the language and the community. It is pronounced with a high tone on the second syllable. +Dialects. +The dialects spoken in this area can be divided into three main groups: +The Western Boro dialects are spoken in the districts of Kokrajhar and Bongaigaon. The Eastern Bodo dialects are found mainly in the districts of Barpeta, Nalbari and Kamrup and some parts of Darrang. The Western Boro dialect has gained the status of a standard dialect. It has also developed a written form. The variations between these two dialect groups are mainly phonological and lexical. +The Bodo language of Assam has at least four clear-cut dialect-areas with a sufficient number of dialectal variations. There are the northeastern, southwestern, north-central and southern dialect areas. Each has distinct differences. +Geographic distribution. +"Ethnologue" lists the following districts where Bodo is spoken. Bodo is spoken mainly in the lowlands and foothills of Assam and West Bengal. +History. +Although the Bodo language is a rich and ancient language, it did not have any written literature until the second decade of the 20th century. Christian missionaries, who entered the Bodo speaking areas to preach their religion, published some books on religion, tales, rhymes and songs. These missionaries also published some books on grammar and dictionary. Reverend Sidney Endle compiled "An Outline of the Kachari Grammar" in 1884. The grammar is based on the dialect of Darrang district. Endle also wrote an important book on the Bodos. It is titled "The Kacharis". The book was published in 1911 and it contains chapters on social customs, agriculture practices, festivities, food habits, rituals, crafts and textiles of the Bodos. The book also included examples of Bodo folktales, rhymes and grammars. J.D. Anderson's "Collection of Bodo Folktales and Rhymes" (1895) included seventeen Bodo folktales translated into the English language. This is in addition to the original versions in the Bodo language. +In 1963 the language was used in teaching in the primary schools in Bodo dominated areas. The Bodo language is used in schools up to the secondary level. The language has become a matter of pride with the opening of the post-graduate course in the Bodo language. Bodo literature has been used in the University of Guwahati since 1996. The Bodo language now has a large number of books of poetry, drama, short stories, novels, biography, travel, children's literature and literary criticism. Though the spoken language has been affected by other communities and dialects, it is still to be heard in its pure form in and around the Udalguri district. +Writing system. +The language is officially written using the Devanagari script. It also has a long history of using the Latin script and the Assamese script. Some researchers have suggested that at one time the language used a now-lost script called Deodhai. + += = = Piotta = = = +Piotta is a village in the municipality of Quinto in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. +Piotta has an ice hockey Club, called the HC Ambrì-Piotta, that plays in indoor sporting arena of "Valascia". + += = = Ambrì = = = +Ambrì is a village in the municipality of Quinto in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. +Ambrì has an ice hockey club, called the HC Ambrì-Piotta, that plays in indoor sporting arena of "Valascia". + += = = Saxon, Switzerland = = = +Saxon is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +It is famous as the birthplace of figure skater and choreographer of Stéphane Lambiel. + += = = Trient, Switzerland = = = +Trient is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Champéry = = = +Champéry is a municipality of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = The Fall of Nineveh (poem) = = = +"The Fall of Nineveh" is a poem by English poet Edwin Atherstone (1788-1892). +"The Fall of Nineveh" is a long poem. It consists of the Prelude and thirty books. It was published in parts between 1828 and 1868. It has more than six hundred pages and more than twenty thousand lines. Because of that it is one of the longest epic poems in English and European literature. Nineveh was the capital city of the Assyrian empire. It was really destroyed in 612 B.C. +Author. +Edwin Atherstone was a romantic poet. He is forgotten now. He was the author of some poems, dramas and two novels, "Sea kings in England" and "Handwriting on the Wall". +Form. +The poem is written almost entirely in blank verse. This form, unrhymed iambic pentameter, is typical for long poems in English literature. It was introduced into English literature by Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey in 16th century. It was widely used in Elizabethan drama, for example by Thomas Kyd and William Shakespeare. In 17th century John Milton employed it in "Paradise Lost". From that time blank verse prevails in English epic poems. From time to time the poet used alliteration: "Thus in her pride of power I see her now;/Her swarming streets; her splendid festivals;/Her sprightly damsels" ("The Prelude"). +Sources. +The poem is based on the strory written by Greek physician and historian Ctesias. Lord Byron wrote a tragedy about Sandanapalus earlier. +Story. +The poem narrates about a great war. It was a conflict between the Assyrian and the coallition of nations that had been conquered by them earlier. The Assyrian were ruled by Sardanapalus, king of Nineveh. He was a tyrant. All the nations around had to pay high taxes and send some soldiers to the king. They did not want to do it any longer. They started a war for independence. After many battles they won the whole war. They took the city of Nineveh, but it was destroyed by an earthquake. +Reception. +Edwin Atherstone's poems were never much appreciated by critics. Sometimes he was even called "stupid". +Translation. +"The Fall of Niniveh" has not been probably translated in any language. There are only some fragments in Polish translation. + += = = Sir Breunor = = = +Bruenor the Black, also called the Knight of the Ill-fitting Coat, was one of the Knights of the Round Table in Arthurian legend. He was the son of Sir Brunor, the "Good Knight without Fear". His brothers were Sir Dinadan and Sir Daniel. Both were killed by Sir Lancelot. Their father had been murdered and Brunor swore to wear his father's ill-fitting coat until the murder was avenged. Sir Breunor was the lord of Pendragon Castle. He was married to Maladisant. + += = = 1936 North American heat wave = = = +The 1936 North American heat wave was the most severe heat wave in United States history. It happened in the middle of the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl of the 1930s. +The heat wave began in late June. It created great human suffering. It also caused drought in the Midwest and Great Plains. The lack of moisture, along with heat, destroyed huge numbers of crops. +This heat wave set records in many states, including Iowa, Minnesota and Illinois. In some states, the 1936 records were not broken until 2012. In Ohio, the temperature reached , almost tying the 1934 temperature record there. +More than 5,000 people in the United States died from this heat wave. +The heat also affected Canada. + += = = Collombey-Muraz = = = +Collombey-Muraz is a municipality of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. There is an oil refinery in the municipality. + += = = Port-Valais = = = +Port-Valais is a municipality of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Saint-Gingolph, Switzerland = = = +Saint-Gingolph is a municipality in the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Troistorrents = = = +Troistorrents is a municipality of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Val-d'Illiez = = = +Val-d'Illiez is a municipality of the district Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = La Fouly = = = +La Fouly is a village of the canton of Valais in Switzerland. +La Fouly is in the municipality of Orsières. +It sits at the foot of Mont Dolent (3,823 m) and the Tour Noir (3,836m) in the Mont Blanc massif. + += = = Kempes (Brazilian footballer) = = = +Everton Kempes dos Santos Gonçalves (b. 3rd September, 1982 in Carpina, Pernambuco - f. 28th November, 2016 in La Unión, Antioquia) was a Brazilian footballer who played as forward. +He made his debut in 2004 as Paraná's player and spent most of his career in Brazil. +He was named by the former Argentinian footballer: Mario Kempes. +Death. +On 28 November 2016, Kempes died along his team, Chapecoense and other passengers after the LaMia Airlines Flight 2933 was crashed near La Unión, Antioquia. It was expected that Chapecoense played the final of the South American Cup against Atlético Nacional in Medellín. + += = = Nugget = = = +Nugget may refer to: +Things + += = = Alappuzha = = = +Alappuzha is a city in Kerala, India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Alappuzha district. Alappuzha is considered as the oldest planned city in the region. It is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Kerala. The city is located in the coastal region of Laccadive Sea. In 2016, the Centre for Science and Environment rated Alappuzha as the top cleanest town in India. +Population. +According to 2011 census the population of the city is 174,176. The male population is 83,853 and female population is 90,323. The Literacy rate is 96.2%. The languages spoken here are Malayalam, Tamil and Konkani. Most of the population of Alappuzha are of Hindu and Christian religions with a small Muslim population. +Famous places and events. +Alappuzha is famous for Snake boat races, especially the Nehru Trophy Boat Race. Games of cricket, football and basketball are also popular in the city. The Kerala Backwaters of Alappuzha are the most popular tourist attraction in Kerala. +Alappuzha is most famous for its attractions. The attractions here are: + += = = Zakir Husain (politician) = = = +Zakir Husain (8 February 1897 – 3 May 1969) was the 3rd President of India. He was the first Muslim president of Indian nation and also the first to die in office. Zakir Husain was the shortest serving president of India. He previously served as the second Vice-President of India and Governor of Bihar. Zakir Husain was also the co-founder of Jamia Milia Islamia. He served as its Vice-Chancellor. Under Husain, Jamia became closely to the Indian freedom movement. +Career of serving the nation. +Zakir Husain was born in Hyderabad, Telangana in 8 February 1897. He became the Governor of Bihar in 1957 to 1962. Later he became the 2nd Vice President of India after Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. He served in the post from 13 May 1962 to 12 May 1967.In 13 May 1967 he was elected as the 3rd President of India after Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan.He was the Muslim President of India. But his term was short-lived. He died in New Delhi on 3 May 1969 and became the 1st President to die in the office period. + += = = Puducherry district = = = +Puducherry district is one of the four districts of the union territory of Puducherry in southern India. The district occupies an area of , spread over 11 non-contiguous enclaves lying on or near the Bay of Bengal within a compact area in the state of Tamil Nadu. +Demographics. +Puducherry district's total population according to the 2011 census is 946,600.It is said that the population roughly equals that of Fiji and US state of Delaware. Literacy rate - 86.13% and Sex ratio is 1031 per 1000 males. +Divisions. +For administrative purpose, the union territory of Puducherry is divided into eight taluks.Some are Puducherry taluk, Villianur taluk, Ozhukarai taluk and Bahour taluk. Among these Ozhukarai taluk is the only taluk without rural areas.Puducherry taluk's rural area is covered in a commune named Ariyankuppam.Villianur taluk has two rural communes namely Mannadipet and Villianur. Bahour taluk consists of two rural communes namely Bahour and Nettapakkam. + += = = Yellowstone fires of 1988 = = = +The Yellowstone fires of 1988 were the largest wildfires in the history of the Yellowstone National Park. They began as smaller individual fires. They spread quickly out of control. The fires were made worse by increasing wind and severe drought in the Western United States. +The fires burned for several months. On September 8, 1988, the entire park was closed to all non-emergency people for the first time in its history. The arrival of cool and moist weather in the late autumn brought the fires to an end. + += = = Confederate States Marine Corps = = = +The Confederate States Marine Corps (CSMC) was a branch of the Confederate States armed forces during the American Civil War. It was established on March 16, 1861. The CSMC's manpower was initially authorized to include one major, one quartermaster sergeant, and 600 men divided into six companies of 100 marines each. This was increased on May 20, 1861 raising the rank of officers and adding more men. The organization of the corps began at Montgomery, Alabama. It was completed at Richmond, Virginia, when the capital of the Confederate States of America was moved there. The CSMC headquarters and main training facilities remained in Richmond, Virginia throughout the war. It was located at Camp Beall on Drewry's Bluff and at the Gosport Shipyard in Portsmouth, Virginia. The last CSMC unit surrendered on April 9, 1865, with the Confederacy itself surrendering a month later. +History. +The Corps was established by an act passed by the Congress of the Confederate States on March 16, 1861. It was modeled after the United States Marine Corps. Many of its officers were U.S. Marines who joined the Confederacy after the war started. The strength of the Corps were authorized for 46 officers and 944 enlisted men. But it always had fewer marines than it was authorized to have. One of the reasons was that Marines were paid $3 a month less than other Confederate enlisted men. Late in the war they drew men from Confederate Army conscripts and were finally given bounties. Both of these helped to fill out their ranks. Lloyd J. Beall served as a colonel and as Commandant of the Corps. He had no marine experience and was a former United States Army paymaster. +While similar to the United States Marine Corps, there were some differences. They replaced the Marine Corps fife with the bugle. Their uniforms were similar to the British Royal Marines. The Confederate Marines were organized into permanent companies, unlike the U.S. Marines. Their tasks were much the same as the U.S. Marines. They provided detachments of marines for warships, commerce raiders, shore batteries and to guard shipyards. They served as landing forces and sharpshooters. Later their duties including manning the main guns of warships. A detachment of Company A served as part of the crew of the ironclad "CSS Virginia" during the Battle of Hampton Roads. +During the entire Civil War, a total of 148 Confederate Marines were killed in action. Another 312 Marines died from other causes. +Uniforms. +Officers. +Officers wore a French "Kepi" of different colors, but most were grey and blue. They wore frock coats in a shade of gray. The coats had two rows of seven brass buttons (for a total of 14) which were made in England. They wore dark trousers, usually blue in color. +The Marines used the Confederate Army's rank insignia. One collar stripe for a second lieutanant, two for a first lieutanant and three for a captain. A major wore a star on his collar. A lieutenant colonel wore two stars while a colonel wore three. Officers also wore Austrian knots on their sleeves. A lieutenant wore one braid, a captain wore two and field officers wore three. +Enlisted men. +The enlisted ranks also wore the "kepis". They wore a grey coat trimmed in black around the collar and cuffs. Non-commissioned officer coat sleeves were trimmed in flax-colored linen. All enlisted men had one row of brass buttons on their coats. Like the officers' buttons, they had a Roman numeral "M". Enlisted ranks were indicated by black chevrons. They were the same as those worn by the army, but instead of wearing them with the points down, marines wore them with the points up. The ranks insignia was the same. A corporal had two stripes while a sergeant had three. A first sergeant wore three stripes with a diamond in the center. A sergeant major wore three stripes up with three arcs below. +Both officers and men also wore Fatigues when not in their dress uniforms. + += = = Chennai district = = = +Chennai district, formerly known as Madras district, was one of the 32 districts in the Tamil Nadu state of India. It is the smallest district of Tamil Nadu but has the highest population density. Most of the Chennai Metro region comes under this district. +Demographics. +According to the 2011 census, the population of the Chennai district is 4,646,732. The male population is 2,335,844 and female population is 2,310,888. The literacy rate is 90.18%. The density of population in this district is 26,553 people per square kilometre. The sex ratio is 989 females per 1000 males. +Administrative divisions. +Chennai district is divided into various taluks for administration purposes. They are: +Geographical area. +The total area of the Chennai district is . The district is in the Coromandel coast of the Bay of Bengal. The Guindy National Park region covers of reserved forest. The waterways here are the Cooum River, Adyar River, Buckingham Canal and Otteri Nullah stream. + += = = Thanjavur district = = = +Thanjavur district is one of the district is known as the "Granary of South India" and "Rice bowl of Tamil Nadu". This is one of the important district for the Tamil Nadu agriculture and economy. +Population. +The Thanjavur district's total population is 2,405,890 according to Census of 2011. Literacy rate is 74.44%. The sex ratio is 1035 per 1000 males.Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes consist of 18.91% and 0.15% of the population respectively. +Agriculture and Tourism. +The Thanjavur district is famously known as the "Granary of South India", since the rule of Chola dynasty.This district lies at the Kaveri delta region, the most fertile region in the Tamil Nadu state. The district is the main rice producing region in the state and therefore known as "Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu". Kaveri River and its tributaries are the main source of irrigation in Thanjavur district. Farmers also grow coconut and sugarcane and it is the largest producer of coconut in Tamil Nadu. + += = = Cuddalore district = = = +Cuddalore district is one of the 32 districts in Tamil Nadu, South India. Cuddalore city is the headquarters of the Cuddalore district. It was the mostly affected district in the 2015 South Indian floods along with Chennai district. Cuddalore is on the sea shore, so most of the cyclones affecting Tamil Nadu hit this district. +Geography. +The district area is 3,564km2. It is bounded on the north by Viluppuram District, on the east by the Bay of Bengal, on the south by Nagapattinam District, and on the west by Perambalur District. The district is drained by Gadilam River and Pennaiyar River in the north, Vellar River and Kollidam River in south. +Economy. +In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Cuddalore one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of Districts of 640). It is one of the six districts in Tamil Nadu currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). +Demographics. +According to 2011 census of India, Cuddalore district had a population of 2,605,914 with a sex-ratio of 987 females for every 1,000 males. A total of 279,950 were under the age of six, constituting 147,644 males and 132,306 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 29.32% and 0.6% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the district was 69.66%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. + += = = Manchester Metropolitan University = = = +The Manchester Metrropolitain University is the fourth largest university in the United Kingdom (UK). + += = = Vionnaz = = = +Vionnaz is a municipality in the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Vouvry = = = +Vouvry is a municipality in the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Ausserberg = = = +Ausserberg is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Norwich (disambiguation) = = = +Norwich could mean: + += = = Norfolk (disambiguation) = = = +Norfolk could mean: + += = = Arrondissements of the Indre-et-Loire department = = = +There are 3 arrondissements in the Indre-et-Loire department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into "arrondissements", which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture. +If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture. +Arrondissements are further divided into communes. +The arrondissements of Indre-et-Loire are: +History. +Since its creation, the Indre-et-Loire department has had few changes: + += = = Paget's disease = = = +Paget's disease is the name for different diseases, which where first described by Sir James Paget. + += = = Arrondissement of Chinon = = = +The arrondissement of Chinon is an arrondissement of France, in the Indre-et-Loire department, Centre-Val de Loire region. Its capital is the city of Chinon. +History. +When the Indre-et-Loire department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Chinon was part of that original department. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Chinon is the most western of the "arrondissements" of the Indre-et-Loire department. It is bordered to the north and east by the "arrondissement" of Tours, to the southeast by the Loches "arrondissement", to the west by the Vienne department and to the northwest by the Maine-et-Loire department. +The "arrondissement" of Chinon is the smallest "arrondissement" of the department in area, , but the second in population (86,952 inhabitants). +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +The cantons in the "arrondissement" of Chinon are: +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Chinon has 106 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = 1991 Azerbaijani independence referendum = = = +An independence referendum was held in Azerbaijan on 29 December 1991, three days after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The result was 99.8% in favor, with turnout reported to be 95.3%. + += = = Arrondissement of Tours = = = +The arrondissement of Tours is an arrondissement of France, in the Indre-et-Loire department, Centre-Val de Loire region. Its capital is the city of Tours. +History. +When the Indre-et-Loire department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Tours was part of that original department. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Tours is the northern half of the Indre-et-Loire department. It is bordered to the north and east by the Loir-et-Cher department, to the southeast by the Loches "arrondissement", to the southwest by the Chinon "arrondissement", to the west by the Maine-et-Loire department and to the northwest by the Sarthe department. +The "arrondissement" of Tours is the largest "arrondissement" of the department in area, , and the one with more people living in it with 466,232 inhabitants. +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +The cantons of the "arrondissement" of Tours are: +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Tours has 54 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = West Indian manatee = = = +The West Indian manatee ("Trichechus manatus") or "sea cow" is a manatee. It is the largest living member of the order Sirenia (which also includes dugongs and the extinct Steller's sea cow). +The West Indian manatee is a different species from the Amazonian manatee ("T. inunguis") and the African manatee ("T. senegalensis"). The West Indian manatee is in two subspecies, the Florida manatee ("T. m. latirostris") and the Antillean or Caribbean manatee ("T. m. manatus"). New research shows that there may be three groups: +The Florida manatee and the Antillean manatee are endangered. Federal, state, private, and nonprofit organizations are working to protect these species from natural and human threats, such as collisions with boat propeller blades. + += = = Arrondissement of Loches = = = +The arrondissement of Loches is an arrondissement of France, in the Indre-et-Loire department, Centre-Val de Loire region. Its capital is the city of Loches. +History. +When the Indre-et-Loire department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Loches was part of that original department. +In 1926, the "arrondissement" of Loches was eliminated but in 1943 it was made again an "arrondissement" of the Indre-et-Loire department. +Geography. +The "arrondissement" of Loches is the southeast of the Indre-et-Loire department. It is bordered to the north by the Tours "arrondissement", to the northeast by the Loir-et-Cher department, to the east and southeast by the Indre department, to the southwest by the Vienne department and to the west by the Chinon "arrondissement" +The "arrondissement" of Loches is the second largest "arrondissement" of the department in area, , but the one with fewest people living in it with 50,740 inhabitants. +Composition. +Cantons. +After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". +There are only 2 cantons in the "arrondissement" of Loches: +Communes. +The "arrondissement" of Loches has 113 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː +The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are: + += = = Xeroderma pigmentosum = = = +Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare genetic disorder. +Ultraviolet (UV) light damages the DNA in skin cells. Normally the DNA damage is repaired. But if a person has a defective repair gene, the DNA is not repaired. +Consequences. +This disease causes the skin to be sensitive to sunlight. A person with this disorder must always stay out of the sun, or they will get a sunburn. People with this disease are often called a "Moon child" because they can only go outside during the night. This disease is present in both genders and in all races, with one in 250,000 people living in the US having this disease. A Japanese person is about six times more likely to have this disease. +This disorder is found in one in 250,000 people. People with xeroderma pigmentosum are about 1,000 times more likely to get skin cancer. +There is no cure for xeroderma pigmentosum. The symptoms can be minimized if you do not go outside into sunlight. Fewer than 40% of individuals with the disease survive beyond the age of 20. Some XP victims with less severe cases do manage to live well into their 40s. +People that have xeroderma pigmentosum are sensitive to UV light from the sun, and have dry, flaking skin and pigmented spots that can become skin cancer. +Other symptoms include: +The most important part of treatment is avoiding going into sunlight. You may have to wear protective clothes and wear sunscreen. +Technical note. +XP can be caused by mutations in any one of eight genes. Seven of these genes help repair of ultraviolet-induced photoproducts. + += = = James Bradley = = = +James Bradley FRS (1693 – 13 July 1762) was an English astronomer. He was born in Sherborne, Gloucestershire, England. Bradley was educated at Northleach Grammar School and at Balliol College, Oxford. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1714 and a Master of Arts in 1717. +He became a member of the clergy and received an income at Bridstow in Herefordshire. Because of his friendship with Edmond Halley, in 1718 he was elected as a fellow of the Royal Society. He gave up his living at Bridstow to become a professor at Oxford in 1721. Bradley succeeded Edmond Halley as Astronomer Royal at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in 1742. He held this post until his death in 1762.In 1729 he published his discovery of the aberration of light (also called astronomical aberration). This was he first observational proof of the Copernican Hypothesis that the Sun is at the centre of the Solar System and not the Earth. He noticed a motion in the stars that did not fit the accepted pattern of the time. What he discovered was stellar aberration. In 1748 he published his discovery. That same year he was awarded the Copley Medal from the Royal Society for his discovery. + += = = 1962 Stanley Cup Finals = = = +The 1962 Stanley Cup Finals was played between the defending champion Chicago Black Hawks and the Toronto Maple Leafs. The Maple Leafs were also in the Final in 1960. The Maple Leafs would win the best-of-seven series four games to two to win the Stanley Cup. This was their first win since 1951. + += = = Betten = = = +Betten is a former municipality in the district of Raron, Canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Betten and Martisberg merged into the new municipality of Bettmeralp. + += = = Silesian Wikipedia = = = +Silesian Wikipedia is the Silesian language edition of Wikipedia. It was started on 26 May 2008. +In October 2010 the Silesian Wikipedia was mentioned as one of the arguments for Silesian to become one of the regional languages in Poland. + += = = Eshtaol Forest = = = +The Eshtaol Forest is a forest in Israel, located north of Beit Shemesh and near Ta'oz and Neve Shalom. The Forest of the Martyrs lies to the east. The forest is a popular recreation area and is one of the largest forests in Israel. The forest (like most other forests in Israel) was planted in by the Jewish National Fund, which continues to expand it. The forest covers an area of . + += = = Ganges Delta = = = +The Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta is a river delta in the South Asia region of Bangladesh and in West Bengal, India. It is the world's largest delta. +The delta is also known as the Brahmaputra Delta, the "Sunderbans Delta", or the Bengal Delta. Because it is also one of the most fertile regions in the world, it is called The Green Delta. +The Ganges Delta empties into the Bay of Bengal. It is approximately across at the Bay of Bengal.. The floodplain is from three rivers: Ganges, the Brahmaputra River and the Meghna River. +The delta stretches from the Hooghly River on the west to the Meghna River on the east. In India Kolkata and Haldia are the main seaports. In Bangladesh the main seaports are the Port of Mongla and Chittagong. + += = = Piedmontese Wikipedia = = = +Piedmontese Wikipedia is the Piedmontese language edition of Wikipedia. Piedmontese is a Romance language spoken by over 1 million people in Piedmont, northwest Italy. + += = = Latvian Wikipedia = = = +Latvian Wikipedia is the Latvian edition of Wikipedia. It was started on 6 June 2003. + += = = Bosnian Wikipedia = = = +Bosnian Wikipedia is the Bosnian language edition of Wikipedia. It was started on 12 December 2002. + += = = Luxembourgish Wikipedia = = = +Luxembourgish Wikipedia is the Luxembourgish language edition of Wikipedia. + += = = Neapolitan Wikipedia = = = +Neapolitan Wikipedia is the Neapolitan language edition of Wikipedia. Neapolitan is the language of much of southern continental Italy. + += = = Salem district = = = +Salem district is a district in Tamil Nadu, South India. Salem is the district headquarters and other major towns in the district include Mettur, Omalur and Attur. Salem is surrounded by hills and the landscape dotted with hillocks. Ancient Salem Nadu ruled by Mazhavar kings. +Population. +According to 2011 census of India, Salem district had a population of 3,482,056 with a sex-ratio of 954 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 16.67% and 3.43% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the district was 65.64%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. +Education. +Salem district has many educational institutions including government schools, private schools and hundred years traditional institution Government arts college ,Government arts college for women and the Government College of Engineering and Periyar University. +Industries. +The Salem handloom industry is one of the most ancient cottage industries and producing quality saree, doti etc out of silk yarn and cotton yarn. More than 75,000 handlooms are working and the total value of cloth produced per annum is estimated at Rs.5,000 crores. With more than 125 spinning mills, with modern weaving units and garment units Salem established itself as one of the major textile center in Tamil Nadu . + += = = École nationale supérieure d'électrotechnique, d'électronique, d'informatique, d'hydraulique et des télécommunications = = = +École nationale supérieure d'électrotechnique, d'électronique, d'informatique, d'hydraulique et des télécommunications is a renowned graduate engineering school in France. It is in a campus of the University of Toulouse (Southern France). +Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees : +Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at ENSEEIHT. +Most of the 1500 graduate engineer students at ENSEEIHT live in dedicated residential buildings nearby research labs and metro public transports. +Research labs. +Research activities at ENSEEIHT relate to the following topics: + += = = Thiruvarur district = = = +Thiruvarur district is one of the districts in Tamil Nadu, South India. Thiruvarur town is the district headquarters of Tamil Nadu. +Before 1991 Thiruvarur district and Nagapattinam district were part of the Thanjavur district. After that, the present Taluks of Thiruvarur district and Nagapattinam district were separated from the Thanjavur District, and formed the Nagapattinam district. +The total area of Thiruvarur district is 2161 km2. Major towns of the district are Thiruvarur, Thiruthuraipoondi, Nachikulam, Muthupettai and Mannargudi. +Population. +In the 2011 census of India, Thiruvarur district had a population of 1,264,277. There was a sex-ratio of 1,017 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. Scheduled Castes were 34.08% of the population. Scheduled Tribes were .24% of the population. The average literacy of the district was 74.86%, close to the national average. + += = = Madurai district = = = +MADURAI district is one of the 32 districts in Tamil Nadu, South India. Madurai district is the second largest district by population. Madurai is the headquarters of this district. It is an important place for making movies. +Population. +According to 2011 census of India, Madurai district had a population of 3,038,252. The population was 2,578,201 in the 2001 census. This is a growth rate of 17.95%. The district had a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males. This is up from 978 in 2001, and much above the national average of 929. +Administrative divisions in Madurai district. +The district of Madurai has 13 taluks and revenue blocks with the same boundaries and names. They are: + += = = 2016 Kaikoura earthquake = = = +The 2016 Kaikoura earthquake was a magnitude 7.8 (Mw) earthquake in the South Island of New Zealand. It happened two minutes after midnight on 14 November 2016 NZDT (11:02 on 13 November UTC). The epicentre where shaking started was about north-east of Culverden and south-west of the tourist town of Kaikoura. The epicentre was about 15 kilometres deep (9 mi). +The earthquake lasted for more than a minute, and was one of the three largest earthquakes in 2016. + += = = Infobot = = = +Infobot is a Perl IRC bot, first written in 1995 by Kevin Lenzo. The bot's main goal was to remember URLs and associate them with a name, so if someone needed a specific web address they could ask the bot. For this reason, the first Infobot, in the #macintosh channel in the EFnet IRC network, had the nickname 'url'. +The main project is now inactive, many forks from the original program were made, some of which are still active. Many of these forks carry extra features. + += = = Parole = = = +Parole is the release of a prisoner before the end of his or her original sentence. This is based on the prisoner accepting certain conditions. Usually these include remaining on good behavior. They also agree to be monitored for a period of time by a public official called a parole officer. + += = = Coverture = = = +Coverture is a long-standing legal practice in the United States that comes from the English common law. Coverture holds that a man and a woman are a single legal entity—that of the husband. A married woman loses her own legal obligations and rights, and becomes "covered" by her husband. Traditionally a woman took her husband's last name as a symbol of this identity. A female child was covered by her father's identity. When she married that coverage transferred to her husband. Under this system a woman did not legally exist and did not own anything. +In the mid-19th century, with the rise of feminism, coverture began to be criticized as being unfair to women. Various laws began to be weakened and eventually done away with. But parts of coverture laws, mainly having to do with the husband being responsible for his wife's debts, lasted into the 1960s in some parts of the U.S. + += = = Form-based interface = = = +A form-based interface is a kind of user interface. In it, the user interacts with the application by selecting one of a number of possible values, and by entering text into the fields that accept it. A word processor which is used to write documents, might offer settings for the font size, the font to use, and the alignment of the paragraph on the page. Many databases support a technology called query by example: Users who do not know SQL can easily select database records which are similar to the information entered. +Other places where form based interface can be use is +Online application for job, school, college +Bank to fill cash details a +Hospital for filling patients detail. + += = = Metric space = = = +A metric space is a mathematical concept. It is a set of points with a way to measure the distance between them. This distance is measured by a function called a metric. +Take for example a flat surface, or plane. You can measure distances on it in different ways. Like if you're walking in a city (taxicab metric), you can't walk through buildings, so the distance is how far you walk up and down the streets. This might be longer than if you could walk in a straight line from point to point (Euclidean metric), like a bird might fly. Both are useful in different situations. +The metric can measure physical distance, like on a sphere or in a 3D space. But it can also measure more abstract things. Like how many changes you need to make to turn one word into another (Hamming distance). +Many mathematical objects can be turned into metric spaces because they have a natural way to measure distance. These include things like curved surfaces, vector spaces, and graphs. Even the rational numbers can be turned into a metric space. +Metric spaces can be used in many branches of mathematics. This is because they are so general but also because the concept of distance is very intuitive and common in many contexts. +Metric spaces can also help us understand many basic ideas in mathematical analysis. These include balls, completeness, continuity, and the idea of open and closed sets. +Definition of Metric Space +To be a metric space, a set of points (M) and a metric (d) must follow these rules: +Examples of Metric Spaces +Subspaces +A subset of a metric space can also be a metric space. We just measure distances the same way as in the bigger space. For example, a sphere in a 3D space can be considered a metric space. The distance is just the straight line between two points on the sphere. + += = = Brahmanas = = = +The Brahmanas are a collection of Indian books. The books give more information on the Vedas, the four holiest books of the Hindu religion. +The "Brahmanas" give instructions on the proper performance of rituals. They also explain the original symbolic meanings. +Each Vedic "shakha" (school) has its own "Brahmana". Many "Brahmana" texts existed in ancient India. Most of these have been lost. + += = = Bister, Switzerland = = = +Bister is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Bitsch, Switzerland = = = +Bitsch is a municipality in the district of Raron in the Swiss canton of Valais. + += = = Blatten (Lötschen) = = = +Blatten (Lötschen) is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Bürchen = = = +Bürchen (Walliser German: "Birchu") is a municipality of the district Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Land of Punt = = = +Land of Punt is a name for a place found in Ancient Egyptian texts. At times it is also called Pwenet or Pwene. People from Ancient Egypt traded with this place from 6.000 BC. It was known for producing and selling gold, aromatic resins, blackwood, ebony, ivory, and wild animals. The region is known from ancient Egyptian texts because people went there to trade. Some teachers of the bible think that it is the same as the biblical land of Put. +At times Punt is called Ta netjer, the "Land of the God". +It is not known where exactly this place was. Most scholars today believe Punt was to the southeast of Egypt, most likely in the coastal region of what is today Somalia, Djibouti, Eritrea, northeast Ethiopia and the Red Sea coast of Sudan. However, some scholars point instead to other ancient writings which say Punt was in the Arabian Peninsula. It is also possible that the territory covered both the Horn of Africa and Southern Arabia. Puntland, the Somali administrative region at the edge of the Horn of Africa, is named in reference to the Land of Punt. +Inhabitants formed three groups which wore different clothing, and hairstyles. They held cattle and lived in stilt houses. Starting from the Nile a caravan could reach Punt in five days. +Tomb. +A tomb was discovered in the 19th century; however, it was neglected. In 2003, in response to concerns about its deterioration, it was cleaned by British Egyptologists and was found to contain an 22-line inscription with important historical significance. The inscription was made with red paint on the doorway between the two internal chambers. +It records a massive Nubian invasion, aided by peoples from the land of Punt and the Medjay, on the small and fragile 16th or 17th Dynasty city state of Thebes. Sobeknakht II claims to have strengthened El-Kab's defenses, got a fighting force, and launched a counter-attack, which was victorious due to the aid of the vulture-goddess Nekhbet A celebration is attended by an unnamed Egyptian king, and Sobeknakht endows the temple of Nekhbet with "a new sacred barque worked in electrum." +A vessel with Sobeknakht's name was discovered in Sudan, which seems to match the events depicted. It also hints that Sobeknakht's tomb had already been filled and finished by the time of the invasion, and that the red text was added as a late addition to reflect these new events in his life, the corridor being the only remaining space left. +Egyptian expeditions to Punt. +The earliest recorded Egyptian expedition to Punt was organized by Pharaoh Sahure of the Fifth Dynasty (25th century BC). Gold from Punt was in Egypt as early as the time of Pharaoh Khufu of the Fourth Dynasty. +Egyptian trade. +There were more expeditions to Punt in the Sixth, Eleventh, Twelfth and Eighteenth dynasties of Egypt. In the Twelfth Dynasty, trade with Punt was celebrated in popular literature in the "Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor". +In the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt, Hatshepsut built a Red Sea fleet to make it easier to trade between the head of the Gulf of Aqaba and south as far as Punt to bring mortuary goods to Karnak in exchange for Nubian gold. Hatshepsut personally made the most famous ancient Egyptian expedition that sailed to Punt. During the reign of Queen Hatshepsut in the 15th century BC, ships regularly crossed the Red Sea in order to get bitumen, copper, carved amulets, naptha and other goods transported overland and down the Dead Sea to Elat at the head of the gulf of Aqaba where they were joined with frankincense and myrrh coming north both by sea and overland along trade routes through the mountains running north along the east coast of the Red Sea. +A report of that five-ship voyage can still be seen on reliefs in Hatshepsut's mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahri. Throughout the temple texts, Hatshepsut "maintains the fiction that her envoy" Chancellor Nehsi, who is mentioned as the head of the expedition, had travelled to Punt "in order to extract tribute from the natives" who admit their allegiance to the Egyptian pharaoh. In reality, Nehsi's expedition was a simple trading mission to a land, Punt, which was by this time a well-established trading post. Moreover, Nehsi's visit to Punt was not so brave since he was "accompanied by at least five shiploads of [Egyptian] marines" and greeted warmly by the chief of Punt and his immediate family. The Puntites "traded not only in their own produce of incense, ebony and short-horned cattle, but [also] in goods from other African states including gold, ivory and animal skins." According to the temple reliefs, the Land of Punt was ruled at that time by King Parahu and Queen Ati. This well illustrated expedition of Hatshepsut occurred in Year 9 of the female pharaoh's reign with the blessing of the god Amun: +The Egyptians were not good at travelling at sea. For them, the travel to Punt must have been similar to modern-day explorers travelling to the moon. But the reward of obtaining frankincense, ebony and myrrh clearly outweighed the risks. Hatshepsut's 18th dynasty successors, such as Thutmose III and Amenhotep III continued the tradition of trading with Punt. The trade with Punt continued into the start of the 20th dynasty. Papyrus Harris I, a contemporary Egyptian document which detailed events that occurred in the reign of the early 20th dynasty king Ramesses III, includes an explicit description of an Egyptian expedition's return from Punt: +After the end of the New Kingdom of Egypt period, Punt became "an unreal and fabulous land of myths and legends." +"Ta netjer". +At times, the ancient Egyptians called Punt "Ta netjer", meaning "God's Land". It was among the regions of the Sun God, that is, the regions in the direction of the sunrise, to the East of Egypt. These eastern regions' resources included products used in temples, notably incense. Older literature (and current non-mainstream literature) said that the label "God's Land" meant that the ancient Egyptians viewed the Land of Punt as their ancestral homeland. W. M. Flinders Petrie believed that the Dynastic Race came from or through Punt and E. A. Wallis Budge said that "Egyptian tradition of the Dynastic Period held that the aboriginal home of the Egyptians was Punt...". The term was not only applied to Punt, located southeast of Egypt, but also to regions of Asia east and northeast of Egypt, such as Lebanon, which was the source of wood for temples. +Queen Ati, shown in the reliefs of Hatshepsut, shows advanced Steatopygia, associated though not limited to Khoi-San people of East and South Africa. It has been suggested that this may be evidence of the survival of Khoi-San cultures since the Sangoan culture in North Eastern Africa prior to the arrival of Cushitic speaking cultures in the region. +Location. +The products of Punt (as they are shown in Hatshepsut's temple) are easily found in the Horn of Africa. They are less common or absent in Arabia. For this reason, most scholars think that Punt was in Northeast Africa. These products included gold and aromatic resins such as myrrh, frankincense, and ebony; the wild animals depicted in Punt included giraffes, baboons, Hippopotamus, and leopards. According to Richard Pankhurst: "[Punt] has been identified with territory on both the Arabian and the Horn of Africa coasts. Consideration of the articles which the Egyptians obtained from Punt, notably gold and ivory, suggests, however, that these were primarily of African origin. ... This leads us to suppose that the term Punt probably applied more to African than Arabian territory." +Some scholars disagree with this view and point to a range of ancient inscriptions which locate Punt in Arabia. Dimitri Meeks has written that "Texts locating Punt beyond doubt to the south are in the minority, but they are the only ones cited in the current consensus about the location of the country. Punt, we are told by the Egyptians, is – in relation to the Nile Valley – both to the north, in contact with the countries of the Near East of the Mediterranean area, and also to the east or south-east, while its furthest borders are far away to the south. Only the Arabian Peninsula satisfies all these indications." +In 2010, a genetic study was conducted on the mummified remains of baboons that were brought back from Punt by the ancient Egyptians. Led by a research team from the Egyptian Museum and the University of California, the scientists used oxygen isotope analysis to examine hairs from two baboon mummies that had been preserved in the British Museum. One of the baboons had distorted isotopic data, so the other's oxygen isotope values were compared to those of modern-day baboon specimens. The researchers at first found that the mummies most closely matched modern specimens seen in Eritrea and Ethiopia as opposed to those in neighbouring Somalia, with the Ethiopian specimens "basically due west from Eritrea". The team did not have the opportunity to compare the mummies with baboons in Yemen. The scientists believed that such an analysis would yield similar results since, according to them, regional isotopic maps suggest that baboons in Yemen would closely resemble those in Somalia. Professor Dominy, one of the lead researchers, concluded from this that "we think Punt is a sort of circumscribed region that includes eastern Ethiopia and all of Eritrea." In 2015, the scientists conducted a followup study to confirm their initial findings, and concluded that "our results reveal a high likelihood match with eastern Somalia and the Eritrea-Ethiopia corridor, suggesting that this region was the source of Papio hamadryas exported to Ancient Egypt." + += = = Eischoll = = = +Eischoll (Walliser German: "Eyschol") is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Ferden = = = +Ferden is a municipality of the district Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Filet, Switzerland = = = +Filet was a municipality, in the new municipality of Mörel-Filet and the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Grengiols = = = +Grengiols is a municipality of the district of Raron of the canton of Valais in Switzerland. + += = = Sihlbrugg = = = +Sihlbrugg is a village in the municipality of Baar (ZG), Hausen am Albis (ZH), Hirzel (ZH) and Neuheim (ZG) in the canton of Zug and Zurich in Switzerland. + += = = Mülenen = = = +Mülenen is a village in the municipality of Reichenbach im Kandertal in the canton of Berne in Switzerland. + += = = Auressio = = = +Auressio is a village and former municipality of the district of Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. +In 2001 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Berzona and Loco to form a new and larger municipality Isorno. + += = = Dumbarton = = = +Dumbarton (Dùn Breatainn or 'fort of the Britons'} is a town in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland. It is on the north bank of the River Clyde where the River Leven flows into the Clyde estuary. In 2006, it had an estimated population of 19,990. +Dumbarton was the capital of the ancient Kingdom of Alclud, and later the county town of Dunbartonshire. +Dumbarton Castle, on top of Dumbarton Rock, dominates the area. Dumbarton was a Royal burgh between 1222 and 1975. +Dumbarton became a centre for shipbuilding, glassmaking, and whisky production. However, these industries have declined. Dumbarton today is more a commuter town for Glasgow east-southeast of it. Dumbarton F.C. is the local football club. + += = = Roy Cooper = = = +Roy Asberry Cooper III (born June 13, 1957) is an American politician. He is currently the 75th Governor of North Carolina. He served as the Attorney General of North Carolina from 2001 to 2017. He was a member of the North Carolina State Senate. Cooper is a member of the North Carolina Democratic Party. +He ran for Governor of North Carolina in the 2016 election against incumbent Pat McCrory. On December 5, McCrory conceded the election, making Cooper the first challenger to defeat a sitting governor in North Carolina since 1850. Cooper took office as the 75th governor of North Carolina on January 1, 2017. The Republican-dominated legislature passed bills in a special session before he took office to reduce his power. The legislature has overridden several of his vetoes of legislation. He was reelected in 2020 against his own lieutenant, Dan Forest. + += = = Marne (river) = = = +The Marne is a river in France. It is a right tributary of the Seine in the area east and southeast of Paris. Four departments are named after it: Haute-Marne, Marne, Seine-et-Marne and Val-de-Marne. +The Marne is famous as the place of two battles during the First World War, the first in 1914 and the second in 1918. +Geography. +The Marne river has a length of , one of the longest in France, and a drainage basin with an area of . +Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Gournay-sur-Marne in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, for a period of 44 years. +Average monthly discharge (m3/s) at Gournay-sur-Marne +Course. +The source of the Marne river is in the "Plateau de Langres", in the "commune" of Balesmes-sur-Marne, at an altitude of about , in the Haute-Marne department. It flows generally to the north then turns to the west between Saint-Dizier and Châlons-en-Champagne. +The Marne river flows through 3 regions, 7 departments and 218 "communes". It flows through the following "communes", among others: +Finally, it flows into the Seine river between Charenton-le-Pont and Alfortville in the Val-de-Marne department, in the area of Paris. +Main tributaries. +The main tributaries of the Marne river are: +Left tributaries: +Right tributaries: +Painters of the Marne. +During the 19th and 20th centuries the Marne inspired many painters: some of them are: + += = = Wilbur Ross = = = +Wilbur Louis Ross, Jr. (born November 28, 1937) is an American politician, investor, businessman and former banker. Ross was the 39th United States Secretary of Commerce from February 28, 2017 to January 20, 2021 +Ross is known as the "King of Bankruptcy” for his experience in buying bankrupt companies, primarily in the manufacturing and steel industries, and later selling them for a large profit after operations improve. He was known for restructuring failed companies in industries such as steel, coal, telecommunications, foreign investment and textiles. +Early life. +Ross was born on November 28, 1937 in Weehawken, New Jersey. He grew up in suburban New Jersey. His father, Wilbur Louis Ross, Sr., was a lawyer who later became a judge, and his mother, Agnes (O'Neill), was a school teacher. +Ross earned his B.A. degree from Yale University and M.B.A. degree at Harvard University. +Business career. +In 2002, Ross founded International Steel Group after purchasing the assets of several bankrupt steel companies. +Ross had support of the local Steelworkers Union, negotiating a deal with them to "save" Pennsylvania's steel industry. Leo Gerard, international president of the United Steelworkers union stated about Ross that "he was open and accessible and candid and honest and he put a lot of money back into the mills, so literally tens of thousands of jobs were saved." Ross sold International Steel Group to Mittal Steel Company for $4.5 billion, half in cash and half in stock, in April 2005. +Ross combined Burlington Industries and Cone Mills in 2004 to form International Textile Group. ITG operates five businesses, all of which operate under separate brand names: Cone Denim, Burlington Apparel Fabrics, Home Furnishings, Carlisle Finishing and Nano-Tex. In 2005, Ross purchased 77.3% of Safety Components International for $51.2 million. In 2006, Ross merged the firm into his International Textile Group. +Ross founded the International Coal Group, which was formed after several coal companies went bankrupt. The United Mine Workers of America protested the bankruptcy reorganization as it led to changes in health care and pensions for the existing employees. +United States Secretary of Commerce (2017–2021). +On November 24, 2016, it was reported by the Associated Press that Ross will be tapped for United States Secretary of Commerce by the incoming Trump Administration. The Trump transition team confirmed the intent to nominate him on November 30, 2016. +Ross was confirmed by the United States senate on February 27, 2017 by a 72-27 vote from the United States senate. He was sworn in by Vice President Mike Pence the next day. +Paradise Papers. +In November 2017, a leaked database of documents known as the Paradise Papers revealed that after becoming commerce secretary, Ross had investments in a Navigator Holdings he once controlled that has significant business ties to Russia which was subject to American sanctions and President Vladimir Putin’s son-in-law. +Personal life. +Ross married Judith Nodine in 1961. They had two daughters. Ross and Nodine divorced in 1995. His second wife was former New York Lt. Governor Betsy McCaughey. They married in 1995 and divorced in 2000. +On October 9, 2004, Ross married his third wife, Hilary Geary, a society writer for "Quest" magazine. +He now lives in Palm Beach, Florida and Washington, D.C. + += = = Elaine Chao = = = +Elaine Lan Chao-McConnell (; born March 26, 1953) is an American politician. She was the 18th United States Secretary of Transportation from January 31, 2017 to January 11, 2021 during the Donald Trump administration. +She served as the 24th United States Secretary of Labor under President George W. Bush from 2001 to 2009, and Deputy Secretary of Transportation under President George H. W. Bush. She was the first Asian-American woman and the first Taiwanese American in U.S. history to be appointed to a U.S. president's cabinet. +Early life. +Chao was born in Taipei, Taiwan. Her parents were Ruth Mulan Chu Chao (1930–2007) and James S. C. Chao (born 1927). Her parents immigrated to the United States in 1961. She studied at Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts and at Harvard University. +United States Secretary of Labor (2001–2009). +Chao was the only cabinet member in the George W. Bush administration to serve for the entirety of his eight years. She was also the longest-serving Secretary of Labor since Frances Perkins, who served from 1933 to 1945, under President Franklin D. Roosevelt. +United States Secretary of Transport (2017–2021). +On November 29, 2016, it was announced that President-elect Donald Trump planned to nominate Chao for Secretary of Transportation when he takes office. +On January 31, 2017, the United States Senate confirmed Chao's nomination with a 93-6 vote. She assumed office on the same day, with Vice President Mike Pence swearing her in. +Following the 2021 United States Capitol attack, Chao announced her resignation as Secretary of Transportation on January 7, 2021. She resigned on January 11, 2021. +Personal life. +Chao is married to Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky. + += = = Tom Price = = = +Thomas Edmunds "Tom" Price (born October 8, 1954) is an American physician and politician. He is the 23rd United States Secretary of Health and Human Services serving from February 10, 2017 to September 29, 2017. +Price was U.S. Representative for , serving from 2005 through 2017. He is a member of the Republican Party. He formerly served as chairman of the Republican Study Committee and the Republican Policy Committee. +Early life. +Price was born in Lansing, Michigan. He was raised in Dearborn, Michigan. He studied at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He moved to Atlanta, Georgia in the 1980s. +United States representative (2005–2017). +Price served as a United States representative from 2005 through 2017. Price's district served the northern suburbs of Atlanta. Price served as chairman of the House Budget Committee. +United States Secretary of Health and Human Services (2017). +On November 29, 2016, it was announced that Price would be nominated for Secretary of Health and Human Services by President-elect Donald Trump when he takes office. +On February 1, 2017, the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee approved his nomination by a vote of 11-0 with all Democrats boycotting the vote, sending the nomination to the Senate floor. On February 10, the Senate confirmed Price in an 52-47 vote. +In March 2017, Price endorsed the American Health Care Act, a bill proposed by House Republicans that would repeal the individual mandate and make several other major changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. +In a series of reports in September 2017, "Politico" reported that since May 2017, Price had expended more than $1 million of Department funds for his own travel on private charter jets and military aircraft. Many of the flights were between cities that are easily accessible by train or car and have frequent, low-cost commercial airline service. +On September 29, 2017, Price resigned, becoming the shortest tenured Secretary of Health and Human Services. +Samora Machel Constituency (formerly known as Wanaheda Constituency) is a constituency in Windhoek in the Khomas Region of central Namibia. It had 50,110 people living there in 2011, and 29,382 people in 2001. it had 45,962 registered voters. +History. +The area which made up the constituency was named Wanaheda during colonial and apartheid times, an acronym for 'Wambos, Namas, Hereros and Damaras', the four peoples that were allowed to live there. In 2003, the constituency was renamed in honour of Mozambican President Samora Machel. +Politics. +2004 regional election. +The 2004 regional election was won by John Ya Otto Nankudhu of the SWAPO Party with 8,370 votes. Followed by Victoria Gawanas of the United Democratic Front with 594 votes, Fransiska Hipondoka of the Congress of Democrats with 475 votes, Gabriel Rukero of the National Unity Democratic Organisation with 380 votes, and Adolphe Kaurimuje of the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance with 201 votes. +2015 regional election. +The 2015 regional election was by SWAPO candidate Fanuel San Shivute who gained 8,774 votes. Followed by Tuyenikelao Kanyiki of the Rally for Democracy and Progress with 1,078 votes. +2020 regional election. +The SWAPO candidate also won the 2020 regional election, Nestor Kalola of SWAPO received 4,802 votes, followed by Erastus Kupololo of the Independent Patriots for Change with 3,402 votes. + += = = Bergtheim = = = +Bergtheim is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Bieberehren = = = +Bieberehren is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. It is on the river Tauber. + += = = Bütthard = = = +Bütthard is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Eibelstadt = = = +Eibelstadt () is a town in Würzburg, in Bavaria, Germany. +Geography. +Eibelstadt is among vineyards on the right edge of the Main, 10 km southeast of Würzburg. + += = = Eisenheim = = = +Eisenheim is a market town and municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. It is on the river Main. + += = = Eisingen, Bavaria = = = +Eisingen is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Erlabrunn = = = +Erlabrunn is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany, on the left edge of the river Main. It forms an administrative division together with its neighbour Margetshöchheim. +Erlabrunn is about north of Würzburg. Its neighbours are in the south Margetshöchheim und Veitshöchheim, in the west Leinach and in the north Zellingen and Thüngersheim. It was first mentioned in 1209. +Erlabrunn has had a town twinning arrangement with the French commune Quettehou since 1985. + += = = Estenfeld = = = +Estenfeld is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. + += = = Frickenhausen am Main = = = +Frickenhausen am Main is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. It is on the river Main. + += = = Gaukönigshofen = = = +Gaukönigshofen is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. + += = = Gelchsheim = = = +Gelchsheim is a market town and municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Gerbrunn = = = +Gerbrunn is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. It is about 3 km from Würzburg. + += = = Geroldshausen = = = +Geroldshausen is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Bektashi = = = +Bektashism or in Turkish language: Bektaşilik and in Albanian language: Tarikati Bektashi, is one of the largest Sufism Dervish Tarika. In the Balkans and East Thrace the European part of Turkey, there are followers in Albania and Kosovo, in North Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Bulgaria. +History. +Bektashism dates back to the 13th century. The founder was Haji Bektash Veli. It is very close to Alevism. +Membership. +Every Person can be a Member of this Tarika. + += = = Giebelstadt = = = +Giebelstadt is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. + += = = Greußenheim = = = +Greußenheim is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Güntersleben = = = +Güntersleben is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. + += = = Hausen bei Würzburg = = = +Hausen bei Würzburg is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. +Twin towns. +Hausen bei Würzburg is twinned with Villerville (France). + += = = Helmstadt = = = +Helmstadt is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. +Geography. +Municipal structure. +Helmstadt has two districts: +Twin towns. +Helmstadt is twinned with: + += = = Wells of Baján = = = +Wells of Baján (Spanish: Norias de Baján) are water wells located in Coahuila (Mexico). + += = = Hettstadt = = = +Hettstadt is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Höchberg = = = +Höchberg is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. Höchberg borders, in the east, directly on the city of Würzburg. Höchberg has two main urban areas: Altort and Hexenbruch. Residential construction areas have been added in recent years, for example "Mehle" +and " Mehle II". + += = = Badhaai Ho = = = +Badhaai Ho () is a 2018 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama film. It was directed by Amit Ravindernath Sharma. It was also produced by Sharma, Aleya Sen and Hemant Bhandari under Chrome Pictures and Vineet Jain under Junglee Pictures. The movie stars Ayushmann Khurrana and Neena Gupta with Gajraj Rao, Surekha Sikri, Shardul Rana and Sanya Malhotra in supporting roles. The film tells the story of a middle-aged couple who get pregnant, much to the disappointment of their sons. Based on a script written by Shantanu Srivastava and Akshat Ghildial and a story conceived by Jyoti Kapoor. The plot is loosely based on the 1994 Malayalam movie Pavithram starring Mohanlal and Shobana. +"Badhaai Ho" got positive reviews and it was also a commercial success. With earnings of over against a budget of , it became the ninth-highest-grossing Bollywood film of 2018. The film won four awards at the 64th Filmfare Awards, including Best Actress (Critics) for Gupta, Best Supporting Actress for Sikri, and Best Supporting Actor for Rao. It also won two National Film Awards: Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment, the first time where two films featuring the same lead actor (Khurrana) has won both Best Film awards at the National Awards as Andhadhun won Best Film, and Best Supporting Actress for Sikri. In 2022, a spritual sequel to the film titled "Badhaai Do" was released. + += = = Holzkirchen, Lower Franconia = = = +Holzkirchen is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Kirchheim, Lower Franconia = = = +Kirchheim is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. + += = = Kist, Bavaria = = = +Kist is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. + += = = Kleinrinderfeld = = = +Kleinrinderfeld is a municipality within Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Kürnach = = = +Kürnach is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. The distance from Kürnach to the state capital of Bavaria München is about 221 km (137.6 miles). + += = = ESTIA Institute of Technology = = = +École supérieure des technologies industrielles avancées (ESTIA) is a engineering graduate school in France. The university is in Bidart. It is in a cluster of science and technology universities and "Grandes Écoles". +The school was founded in 1985 to train highly qualified engineers, support continuing education and conduct research. The five-year curriculum aims to train engineers who possess human qualities and knowledge in science and engineering. The school if partners of "Groupe ISAE". + += = = Moses ǁGaroëb Constituency = = = +Moses ǁGaroëb Constituency is a constituency in Windhoek, the capital of Namibia. It had 45,564 people living there in 2011, and 25,642 people in 2001. it had 41,550 registered voters. +The constituency was created in 2003 with the name Western Hakahana when the regional government suggested that the constituency of Hakahana should be split. In 2008 the constituency was named after the politician Moses ǁGaroëb. The eastern part of Hakahana is now called Tobias Hainyeko constituency, named after politician Tobias Hainyeko. +Politics. +2015 regional election. +The SWAPO party of Namibia won by a landslide. SWAPO candidate Martin David with 5,330 votes, followed by Paulus Shikwamhanda of the Rally for Democracy and Progress with 286 votes. +2020 regional election. +Aili Venonya of SWAPO won with 5,983 votes, followed by Tommy Efraim of the Independent Patriots for Change with 3,960 votes. + += = = Louis Vasquez = = = +Luis Fernando "Lucho" Vásquez Díaz (born 3 January 2003) is a Colombian footballer. He plays as a defender for 2. Liga club Liefering on loan from Red Bull Salzburg. +Career. +He started at the Academia Alemana de Fútbol Popayán. In January 2021 he went to FC Red Bull Salzburg. He signed a contract till May 2025. Then he was loaned to SV Horn in the Second League. He made his debut for Horn versus SKU Amstetten in February 2021 when he was in the starting XI. For the 2021-22 season he came back to Salzburg and became part of the FC Liefering team. + += = = Angelo Lo Forese = = = +Angelo Lo Forese ( 27 March 1920 Milan – 14 May 2020 Milan), was an Italian tenor. +Life. +During World War II, he lived in Switzerland. He studied with Primo Montanari, Emilio Ghirardini, and Aureliano Pertile. +He debuted as Silvio in "Pagliacci" in 1948"." +He retired to Casa di Riposo per Musicisti. + += = = Zou Diarra = = = +Zoumana Diarra (1 July 1960 Tominian – 28 July 2020) was a Malian musician, instrument maker and composer. +He played with Leonie Jansen, Marco Borsato and Trijntje Oosterhuis. + += = = Atme = = = +Atme (, also spelled Atma, Atima, Atmeh) is a town in northern Syria, part of the Idlib Governorate. It is located north of Idlib and just east of the border with Turkey. In the 2004 census, it had a population of 2,255. + += = = Tatiana Farnese = = = +Tatiana Idonea (19 April 1924 – 31 January 2022), better known by the stage name of Tatiana Farnese, was an Italian actress. She was born in Rome, Italy. Her best known roles were in "Schoolgirl Diary" (1941), "A Garibaldian in the Convent" (1942), "The Gorgon" (1942), "The Mad Marechiaro" (1952), "Your Whole Life Ahead of You" (2008) and "Three Days Later" (2013). +Farnese died in Rome on 31 January 2022, at the age of 97. + += = = Thomas A. Pankok = = = +Thomas A. Pankok (July 9, 1931 – January 31, 2022) was an American Democratic Party politician. He was in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1982 to 1986. Pankok was born in Salem, New Jersey. +Pankok died on January 31, 2022 in Mannington Township, New Jersey at the age of 90. + += = = Mannington Township, New Jersey = = = +Mannington Township is a township in Salem County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the township's population was 1,475. + += = = Silvio Santos = = = +Senor Abravanel, known professionally as Silvio Santos (Portuguese: ) (born December 12, 1930), is a Brazilian businessman and television host. He is the owner of SBT, the second largest television network in the country. His net worth was US$3.2 billion in 2020. +He is the host of the second longest running Brazilian program: " Programa Silvio Santos". + += = = America (band) = = = +America is a rock band that was formed in London in 1970 by Dewey Bunnell, Dan Peek, and Gerry Beckley. They were sons of US Air Force personnel stationed in London. +His first singles were "A Horse with No Name" and "I Need You". +America won a Grammy Award for Best New Artist and were nominated for Best Pop Vocal Group at the 15th Annual Grammy Awards in 1973. The group were added into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 2006 and have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2012. + += = = Antonio Ortega Franco = = = +Antonio Ortega Franco (22 December 1941 – 1 February 2022) was a Mexican Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Empalme Escobedo, Mexico. Ortega Franco was made a priest in 1968. He was the auxiliary bishop of México between 2004 until 2019. +Ortega Franco died on 1 February 2022 in Mexico City, aged 80. + += = = Trude Feldman = = = +Trude Feldman (August 13, 1924 – January 2022) was an American reporter and columnist. He was a member of the White House Press Corps and State Department Press Corps. She wrote for "McCall's" magazine and for "The New York Times" Syndicate and "The Washington Post". Feldman interviewed every U.S. president between Lyndon B. Johnson and George W. Bush; and every U.S. vice president from Hubert Humphrey to Al Gore. She was raised in Hollywood, California. +Feldman died in January 2022 in Washington, D.C., at the age of 97. + += = = Second Spanish Republic = = = +The Spanish Republic (), commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic (), was the government in Spain from 1931 to 1939. The Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931 and was dissolved on 1 April 1939. + += = = KTM = = = +KTM AG (German: "Kraftfahrzeug Trunkenpolz Mattighofen", formerly KTM Sportmotorcycle AG) is an Austrian company which produces bicycles, motorcycles and sports cars. + += = = Santa Bárbara, Honduras = = = +Santa Bárbara is a city in Honduras. In 2020, about 30,000 people lived there. About 47,000 people lived in its urban area. Santa Barbara is the capital city of the Department with the same name. There is a hospital, a technical university, and a university focusing on educating teachers. + += = = Antonio Segni = = = +Antonio Segni (; 2 February 1891 – 1 December 1972) was an Italian politician. He was the president of Italy from May 1962 to December 1964 and the prime minister two times between 1955 and 1960. +He was the first Sardinian ever to become head of state and government. He was also the second shortest-serving president in the history of the Republic and the first one to resign from office due to illness. + += = = Bill Fitch = = = +William Charles Fitch (May 19, 1932 – February 2, 2022) was an American professional basketball head coach in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2019. He was a NBA champion in 1981. Fitch coached for the Cleveland Cavaliers, Boston Celtics, Houston Rockets, New Jersey Nets and the Los Angeles Clippers. Fitch was born in Davenport, Iowa. +Fitch died on February 2, 2022 in Conroe, Texas at the age of 89. + += = = Antonio Miró = = = +Antonio Miró (18 March 1947 – 3 February 2022) was a Spanish fashion designer. Miró was born in Sabadell, Spain. He was a costume designer in the 1979 Spanish drama "Caniche". In 1986, he create a fashion company "Antonio Miró". He was one of the founders of the Association of Fashion Creators of Spain. Miró also designed the costumes for the opening ceremony of the 1992 Summer Olympics. +Miró died on 3 February 2022 in Barcelona, Spain from a heart attack, at the age of 74. + += = = Lauro António = = = +Lauro António (18 August 1942 – 3 February 2022) was a Portuguese movie director, producer and screenwriter. His 1980 movie "Morning Undersea" was entered into the 12th Moscow International Film Festival and won a special award. He was born in Lisbon, Portugal. His career began in 1975. +António died on 3 February 2022 in Lisbon at the age of 79. + += = = Dieter Mann = = = +Dieter Mann (20 June 1941 – 3 February 2022) was a German actor. He was known for playing Wilhelm Keitel in the 2004 movie "Downfall". He also played Professor Schäfer in the 2009 movie "13 Semester". Mann was born in Berlin. +Mann was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. He died from the disease on 3 February 2022 in Berlin at the age of 80. + += = = Madis Milling = = = +Madis Milling (24 November 1970 – 3 February 2022) was an Estonian actor, television and radio presenter and politician. He was born in Tallinn, Estonia. He was a host in many radio stations, including Sky Plus, Vikerraadio, Radio Kuku. From 2003, he was a member of Estonian Reform Party. He was a member of the Riigikogu from 2015 until his death. +Milling died on 3 February 2022 from cardiac arrest while volunteering as a firefighter to help stop a fire in Lokuti, Estonia at the age of 51. + += = = Will Hutchins = = = +Will Hutchins (born Marshall Lowell Hutchason; May 5, 1930) is an American actor. He was known for his lead role of the young lawyer Tom Brewster, in the Western television series "Sugarfoot". He was born in Los Angeles, California. His career began in 1956 and he retired in 2010. +He had small roles in the Warners movies "Bombers B-52" (1957), "Lafayette Escadrille" (1958), and "No Time for Sergeants" (1958). + += = = Merdeka 118 = = = +Merdeka 118 (also known as PNB 118, and formerly known as KL 118 and Warisan Merdeka Tower) is a 118-story, megatall skyscraper. It is currently under construction in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. "Merdeka" means independent or free in Malaysian. +The spire of the building was completed in November 2021. +The building is expected to be finished by the end of 2022. It will become the tallest skyscraper in Malaysia and Southeast Asia. + += = = The Exchange 106 = = = +The Exchange 106 is a skyscraper in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The 95-floor building is tall. +The Exchange 106 is currently the 21st tallest building in the world and the third-tallest building in Malaysia. +The tower, along with Merdeka 118, have been controversial and were called a "national disgrace" because of a project scandal that led to their creation. +As of December 2021, the overall building of TRX is mostly done with the mall section being under construction until late 2022. + += = = Technical (vehicle) = = = +A technical is an improvised fighting vehicle. It is typically an open-backed civilian pickup truck, mounting a machine gun, anti-aircraft gun, automatic grenade launcher, etc. +They are very common in African and Middle Eastern countries. These vehicles have been used in different conflicts, such as the Somali Civil War, Libyan Civil War, Iraq War, Yemen Civil War, among others. + += = = Torment (1944 movie) = = = +Torment () is a 1944 Swedish romantic drama movie directed by Alf Sjöberg and starring Alf Kjellin, Stig Järrel, Mai Zetterling, Olof Winnerstrand, Gösta Cederlund, Jan Molander, Stig Olin. + += = = APC = = = +APC may refer to: + += = = Balazs Toth = = = + Balazs Toth (born 29 April 2004) is a Hungarian professional footballer. He plays as goalkeeper for Austrian Second League club Liefering. +Club career. +He started his career in the youth of ETO FC Győr. Then he went to the Szombathelyi Haladás Academy. 2020 he went to the Red Bull Salzburg Academy U18. 2021 he became part of the FC Liefering squad as 3rd goalkeeper. +International. +Toth played for the Hungarian U16 national football team. + += = = ICE = = = +ICE or I.C.E. may refer to: + += = = Azamgarh = = = +Azamgarh is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the headquarters of Azamgarh division. The division includes Ballia, Mau and Azamgarh districts. Azamgarh is on the Tamsa River. It is located east of the state capital Lucknow. + += = = Eduard Heger = = = +Eduard Heger (; born 3 May 1976) is a Slovak politician. He has been the Prime Minister of Slovakia from 1 April 2021 to 15 May 2023. Before, he was the deputy prime minister and minister of Finance in the cabinet of Igor Matovič. Heger is a member of Democrats since 2023, before he was the member of Ordinary People and Independent Personalities (OĽaNO). + += = = Djilali Abdi = = = +Djilali Abdi (25 November 1943 – 2 February 2022) was an Algerian footballer. He played as a midfielder. He made six appearances for the Algeria national team from 1967 to 1969. He was born in Sidi Bel Abbès, French Algeria, France. He also played for USM Bel Abbès. +Abdi died on 2 February 2022 at the age of 78. + += = = French Algeria = = = +French Algeria ( to 1839, then afterwards; unofficially , ), also known as Colonial Algeria, was the time during which France colonized Algeria. +French rule began in 1830 after the invasion of Algiers and lasted until the end of the Algerian War in 1962. + += = = Alberto Baillères = = = +Alberto Baillères González (22 August 1931 – 2 February 2022) was a Mexican billionaire businessman. Until his death, he had a net worth of US$10.1 billion. He was the chairman of Grupo BAL, and of ITAM since their founding in 1959. +In October 2012, Baillères was listed as the 35th richest person in the world with a net worth of US $19.3 billion. +Baillères died on 2 February 2022 in Mexico City, aged 90. + += = = Pier Luigi Bersani = = = +Pier Luigi Bersani (; born 29 September 1951) is an Italian politician. He was Secretary of the Democratic Party (PD) from 2009 to 2013. +Bersani was Minister of Industry, Commerce and Craftmanship from 1996 to 1999, Minister of Transport from 1999 to 2001, and Minister of Economic Development from 2006 to 2008. + += = = Francisco Raúl Villalobos Padilla = = = +Francisco Raúl Villalobos Padilla (1 February 1921 – 3 February 2022) was a Mexican Roman Catholic prelate. Villalobos Padilla was born in Guadalajara, Mexico. He became a priest in 1949. He was made auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Saltillo in 1971. He was appointed bishop of Saltillo on October 4, 1975. He retired in 1999. +Villalobos Padilla turned 100 in 2021. He died from COVID-19 in Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico on 3 February 2022, two days after his 101st birthday. + += = = Peter Bart = = = +Peter Benton Bart (born July 24, 1932) is an American journalist and movie producer. He has worked as a columnist for "Deadline Hollywood" since 2015. He is best known for being the editor in chief of "Variety" from 1989 until 2009. Bart was also a co-host of "Shootout". Bart was born in New York City. + += = = Georges Labazée = = = +Georges Labazée (16 June 1943 – 4 February 2022) was a French politician and educator. Labazée was born in Viven, Pyrénées-Atlantiques department on 16 June 1943. Georges Labazée began his political career during the cantonal elections of 1976, where he was elected general councilor in the canton of Thèze and was reappointed at each election (1982, 1988, 1994, 2001 and 2008). +He became a deputy when André Labarrère entered the first Mauroy government as Minister Delegate to the Prime Minister, in charge of relations with Parliament, following the 1981 presidential election and the pink wave. +During the cantonal elections of 2011, the general council of Pyrénées-Atlantiques moved to the left and on March 31, 2011, Georges Labazée became its president. +He died on the night of February 3 to 4, 2022 at the age of 78. + += = = Ludmila Vaňková = = = +Ludmila Vaňková (27 May 1927 – 3 February 2022) was a Czech writer. She was born in Prague. She was known for writing "Lev a růže" tetralogy (English: "The Lion and the Rose"). This was made up of four novels ("Král železný, král zlatý", "Zlá léta", "Dědicové zlatého krále", "Žebrák se stříbrnou holí"). +Vaňková died in February 2022 in Prague, at the age of 94. + += = = The Bravest Revenge = = = +The Bravest Revenge () is a 1970 Hong Kong action drama movie directed by Lung Chien and starring Polly Ling-Feng Shang-Kuan, Peng Tien and Yuan Yi. +Plot. +Polly’s father is murdered, and it’s duty for her, her brothers and the "King of Sword" to revenge him. + += = = Rod Driver = = = +Rodney David "Rod" Driver (July 1, 1932 – January 16, 2022) was an American mathematician and politician. He was known for research on differential equations. He was a Democratic member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives from 1987 until 1995 and again from 2009 until 2011. Driver was born in London, England. Driver was a professor of mathematics at the University of Rhode Island. +Driver died on January 16, 2022 at a nursing home in East Greenwich, Rhode Island at the age of 89. + += = = West Kingston, Rhode Island = = = +West Kingston is an unincorporated community and village in Washington County, Rhode Island, United States. It is the county seat of Washington County. It is the site of the Kingston Railroad Station Amtrak station. It is a part of the Town of South Kingstown. + += = = North Kingstown, Rhode Island = = = +North Kingstown is a town in Washington County, Rhode Island, United States. It is part of the Providence metropolitan area. The population was 27,732 in the 2020 census. + += = = Saunderstown, Rhode Island = = = +Saunderstown is a small village and historic district in the towns of Narragansett and North Kingstown in Washington County, Rhode Island, United States. Its population is 6,245. + += = = Leinach = = = +Leinach is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. It has the villages of Unterleinach and Oberleinach. + += = = Margetshöchheim = = = +Margetshöchheim is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. It is on the left edge of the river Main. + += = = Neubrunn, Lower Franconia = = = +Neubrunn is a municipality in Würzburg in Lower Franconia, Bavaria, Germany. +It has the districts Böttigheim and Neubrunn. + += = = Oberpleichfeld = = = +Oberpleichfeld is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Unterleinach = = = +Unterleinach is a village outside of Würzburg, Germany. It is part of the municipality of Leinach. It is south of Oberleinach. +Unterleinach and Oberleinach have rival football teams. + += = = Donald J. Trump Presidential Library = = = +The Donald J. Trump Presidential Library is the presidential library of Donald Trump, 45th president of the United States. A website hosted by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) was created on January 20, 2021, which was Trump's last day as president. It is the 15th NARA-managed presidential library. Plans to build a library and museum are not yet known. +Like other presidential libraries, a building for Trump would need to be privately financed and organized before the possible involvement of the NARA. During Trump's presidency, it had been rumored that floors in Trump Tower may be dedicated for use to a future presidential library. "The Washington Post" reported that Trump wanted his library to be built in Florida. + += = = Prosselsheim = = = +Prosselsheim is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Randersacker = = = +Randersacker is a market town and municipality in Lower Franconia, a part of Bavaria, Germany. It is in Würzburg, and it is next to the Würzburg boroughs Heidingsfeld, Rottenbauer, Sanderau and Frauenland and to the municipalities of Gerbrunn, Theilheim and Eibelstadt. +Geography. +Randersacker is in the south of Würzburg. This part of the Main is called . The city of Würzburg is about three miles away from the village center of Randersacker. +There are two subdistricts: Lindelbach and the main part Randersacker. + += = = Paul Alexander (lawyer) = = = +Paul Richard "Polio Paul" Alexander (January 30, 1946 – March 11, 2024) was an American lawyer, autobiographer and paralytic polio survivor. He was popularly known as one of the last people living in an iron lung. He got sick with polio in 1952 at the age of six. he was born in Dallas, Texas. +He self-published his memoir, "Three Minutes for a Dog with Polio", in April 2020. It took him more than eight years to write it. +Alexander has been recognized by "Guinness World Records" as the person who has spent the longest amount of time living in an iron lung. +Alexander died on March 11, 2024 from COVID-19 at the age of 78. + += = = Reichenberg, Bavaria = = = +Reichenberg is a market town and municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. It has the villages Albertshausen, Fuchsstadt, Lindflur, Reichenberg and Uengershausen. + += = = Remlingen, Bavaria = = = +Remlingen is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. + += = = Iron lung = = = +An iron lung, also known as a tank ventilator or Drinker tank, is a type of ventilator which encases a person's body except for the head, and changes the air pressure in the space, to help them breathe. The use of this device is usually for victims of polio and botulism. +The use of iron lungs is largely not used because of more modern ways to help breathing problems and since the eradication of polio. However, in 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic made people think reusing this would be a good idea. + += = = Riedenheim = = = +Riedenheim is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Rimpar = = = +Rimpar is a market town in Würzburg in Bavaria. It is about 10 km (6 mi) north of the City of Würzburg. The municipality has the villages of Gramschatz and Maidbronn, incorporated in 1978. + += = = Philip Goldberg = = = +Philip Seth Goldberg (born August 1, 1956) is an American politician. In 2022, he became the U.S. Ambassador to South Korea. He was the U.S. Ambassador to Colombia from 2019 to 2022 during the Donald Trump and Joe Biden presidencies. He was Ambassador to the Philippines and Bolivia, and Chief of the U.S. Mission in UN-administered Kosovo during the George W. Bush and Barack Obama administrations. +In January 2022, it was said that President Biden will nominate Goldberg as the United States Ambassador to South Korea. + += = = Rottendorf = = = +Rottendorf is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Persona non grata = = = +In diplomacy, a (Latin: "person not welcome", plural: "") is a status sometimes given by a host country to foreign diplomats to remove their protection by diplomatic immunity from arrest and other normal kinds of prosecution. + += = = Röttingen = = = +Röttingen is a town in Würzburg, in Bavaria, Germany. It is south of Würzburg, and east of Bad Mergentheim. +Subdivisions. +The town is divided into the sections of Aufstetten, Röttingen, and Strüth. + += = = Sommerhausen = = = +Sommerhausen is a municipality and market town in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Charadrahyla tecuani = = = +Charadrahyla tecuani is a frog that lives in Mexico. Scientists have seen it in exactly one place in the Sierra Madre del Sur mountains. + += = = Sonderhofen = = = +Sonderhofen is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = R. Nicholas Burns = = = +Robert Nicholas Burns (born January 28, 1956) is an American diplomat and academic. He is the 13th United States Ambassador to China since 2022. Burns was a professor of diplomacy and international politics at the John F. Kennedy School of Government. +He writes a bi-weekly column on foreign affairs for "The Boston Globe". +He was United States Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs within the United States Department of State during the George W. Bush presidency. +President Joe Biden nominated Burns to be Ambassador to China in August 2021. He was confirmed by the entire Senate on December 16, 2021 by a vote of 75-18. + += = = Tauberrettersheim = = = +Tauberrettersheim is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. It is on the river Tauber. + += = = Theilheim = = = +Theilheim is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany. + += = = Thüngersheim = = = +Thüngersheim is a community in Germany. The community is on the River Main. It is a community in the district of Würzburg (Bavaria, Administrative region Lower Franconia). The village is molded by the surrounding vineyards, more than . +Town twinning. +Thüngersheim is twinned to St. Aignan de Grand Lieu (France). More information (in German and French ) is available at . + += = = Uettingen = = = +Uettingen is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Unterpleichfeld = = = +Unterpleichfeld is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Veitshöchheim = = = +Veitshöchheim is a municipality in Würzburg, in Bavaria, Germany. It is on the right bank of the Main, northwest of Würzburg. It has two villages: Veitshöchheim and Gadheim + += = = Gadheim = = = +Gadheim is a village in Lower Franconia, in northern Bavaria belonging to the municipality of Veitshöchheim. It is about 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) north of Würzburg. As of 31 January 2020, Gadheim is the site of the geodetic center of the European Union. + += = = Waldbrunn, Bavaria = = = +Waldbrunn is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Waldbüttelbrunn = = = +Waldbüttelbrunn is a municipality in Würzburg in Lower Franconia, Bavaria, Germany. It is about west of Würzburg. +Twinning arrangements. +Waldbütellbrunn is in good contact with Fleury sur Orne in Normandy, with yearly visits and student exchanges. Radomysl nad Sanem and Remptendorf are also twinned with Waldbüttelbrunn. + += = = Winterhausen = = = +Winterhausen is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. + += = = Zell am Main = = = +Zell am Main is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany, on the river Main. + += = = Maidbronn = = = +Maidbronn is a village in Bavaria, Germany, about northeast of Würzburg. It is part of the municipality Rimpar. + += = = Alpine = = = +Alpine may be: + += = = Westerstede = = = +Westerstede (Low German: "Westerstäe") is the capital of the Ammerland district, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about 25 km northwest of Oldenburg. +The villages of Burgforde, Eggeloge, Felde, Fikensolt, Garnholt, Gießelhorst, Halsbek, Halstrup, Hollriede, Hollwege, Hollwegerfeld, Hüllstede, Ihausen, Ihorst, Karlshof, Linswege, Linswegerfeld, Mansie, Lindern, Moorburg, Neuengland, Ocholt, Ocholterfeld, Ollenharde, Petersfeld, Tarbarg, Torsholt, Westerloy, Westerloyerfeld and Westerstederfeld are part of Westerstede. +The railway station of Westerstede is in the village of Ocholt, 6 km south of the town. + += = = Apen = = = +Apen (Low German: "Aap") is a municipality in Ammerland, in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Bad Zwischenahn = = = +Bad Zwischenahn (Low German: "Twüschenahn") is a town and a municipality in Ammerland, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is on Zwischenahner Meer, about 15 km northwest of Oldenburg and about 70 km south of the North Sea coast. +Twin towns – sister cities. +Bad Zwischenahn is twinned with: + += = = Edewecht = = = +Edewecht (Low German: "Erwech") is a municipality in Ammerland, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about west of Oldenburg. +Villages in the municipality and their population. +total: 23,008 +Source: website of the Edewecht Municipality. +Date: June 30, 2020. +Twin towns. +Edewecht is twinned with + += = = Rastede = = = +Rastede (Low German: "Raastäe/Raas") is a municipality in Ammerland, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about 12 km north of Oldenburg. It is the site of the Schloss Rastede. +The Rastede railway station is at the Oldenburg–Wilhelmshaven railway. + += = = Wiefelstede = = = +Wiefelstede (Low German: "Wiefelstä") is a municipality in Ammerland, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about 15 km northwest of Oldenburg. + += = = Baltrum = = = +Baltrum () is a barrier island off the coast of East Frisia (), in Germany, and is a municipality in Aurich, Lower Saxony. It is in-between the chain of the seven inhabited East Frisian Islands. It has a land area of 6.5 square kilometres. +Geography. +It is in the middle of the island chain known as the East Frisian Islands (). There are two villages on the island – "Ostdorf" () and "Westdorf" () – although they have essentially merged into one. +The island is about long and wide. It covers an area of . The highest point on the island is a central coastal dune with a viewing platform on top called "Aussichtsdüne" in German and is above sea-level. + += = = Berumbur = = = +Berumbur is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. The municipality covers an area of 6.42 square kilometers. +The municipality has the districts Berumbur, Berum, Kleinheide, Holzdorf and Blandorf. + += = = Samtgemeinde = = = +A Samtgemeinde (; plural: "Samtgemeinden") is a type of administrative division in Lower Saxony, Germany. "Samtgemeinden" are local government associations of municipalities, equal to the "Ämter" in Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, and Brandenburg, and the "Verbandsgemeinden" in Rhineland-Palatinate. +Organs. +"Samtgemeinden" have three organs: +The "Samtgemeinde" committee has the "Samtgemeinde" mayor (the chairman of the committee), and according to size of the council from four to ten assistants and the council can decide a rise by two (§56 paragraph 2 local government law). + += = = Dornum = = = +Dornum is a village and a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is near the North Sea coast, about 15 km east of Norden, and 20 km north of Aurich. +Division of the municipality. +The other towns in the municipality of Dornum are: Neßmersiel, Dornumersiel, Nesse, Roggenstede, Westerbur, Westeraccum, Schwittersum. + += = = Neßmersiel = = = +Neßmersiel belongs to the municipality Dornum in Aurich in Lower Saxony, Germany. Neßmersiel is about 5 kilometres northwest of Dornum. From 1867 to 1977, Neßmersiel belonged to Norden (Altkreis Norden). + += = = Nesse, Dornum = = = +Nesse is a village in Dornum in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is near the North Sea coast, about 2.5 km west of the village of Dornum, and 20 km north of the town of Aurich. + += = = Roggenstede = = = +Roggenstede is a village of Dornum township, in Aurich, Ostfriesland, Lower Saxony, Germany. +The place is bounded by the Dornumersieler Tief (in the North/Northeast), the Schleitief (in the Southeast), the Otjetief (in the South), the Alte Tief (in the West) and covers an area of about 5,6 square kilometers. The distance to the North Sea is about 5,5 km air-line distance. +Neighbouring places are Fulkum, Utarp and Westerbur. + += = = La Bassée = = = +La Bassée () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 6,545 people lived there. + += = = Großefehn = = = +Großefehn (East Frisian Low Saxon: "Grō'fēn") is a municipality has 14 villages in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about 10 km southeast of Aurich. + += = = Großheide = = = +Großheide (East Frisian: Grootheid) is a village and a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about 10 km east of Norden, and 15 km northwest of Aurich. +Community structure. +The municipality Großheide has 10 districts and incorporated villages: + += = = Bazuel = = = +Bazuel is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 517 people lived there. + += = = Berumerfehn = = = +Berumerfehn is part of the municipality Großheide in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Beaucamps-Ligny = = = +Beaucamps-Ligny is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 851 people lived there. + += = = Beaudignies = = = +Beaudignies is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 560 people lived there. + += = = Beaufort, Nord = = = +Beaufort is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,013 people lived there. + += = = Beaumont-en-Cambrésis = = = +Beaumont-en-Cambrésis is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 445 people lived there. + += = = Beaurain = = = +Beaurain is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 231 people lived there. + += = = Camphin-en-Carembault = = = +Camphin-en-Carembault is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,682 people lived there. + += = = Fresnes-sur-Escaut = = = +Fresnes-sur-Escaut is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 7,532 people lived there. + += = = Beaurepaire-sur-Sambre = = = +Beaurepaire-sur-Sambre is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 263 people lived there. + += = = Beaurieux, Nord = = = +Beaurieux is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 165 people lived there. + += = = Beaurieux = = = +Beaurieux is the name of two communes in France: + += = = Beauvois-en-Cambrésis = = = +Beauvois-en-Cambrésis is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 2,038 people lived there. + += = = Cappelle-Brouck = = = +Cappelle-Brouck is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,159 people lived there. + += = = Islam in West Bengal = = = +According to the (2021) estimation, the West Bengal state has over 31,144,763 Muslims, who form 30% of the state's population. The vast majority of Muslims in West Bengal are Bengali Muslims numbering around 2.4 crore and comprising 23% of the state population, urdu speaking muslims comprise 7% of the state population, a notable section of non-Bengali Muslims also exist, particularly among Biharis, Hindustanis, Dawoodi Bohra and various Native communities such as Raj Bongshi particular numbering around 1.2 Millions comprising rest 1.2% of the state population. + += = = Tilden Santiago = = = +Tilden Santiago (13 June 1940 – 2 February 2022) was a Brazilian politician and trade unionist. From 1991 to 2003, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies. He later was Ambassador of Brazil to Cuba from 2003 to 2006. +Santiago died from respiratory failure caused by COVID-19 in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais on 2 February 2022 at the age of 81. + += = = Renée Pietrafesa Bonnet = = = +Renée Pietrafesa Bonnet (17 December 1938 – 3 February 2022) was a French-Uruguayan composer, pianist, organist, harpsichordist and conductor. Her music was often Electroacoustic music. Bonnet was born in Montevideo, Uruguay to French parents. +Bonnet died on 3 February 2022 in Montevideo at the age of 83. + += = = Srboljub Nikolić = = = +Srboljub Nikolić (; ; 1 April 1965 – 4 February 2022) was a Serbian football striker and football coach and manager. He was born in Skopje, SR Macedonia, SFR Yugoslavia. He made 120 appearances with FK Ljubić Prnjavor between 2005 until 2009. He also managed GFK Jasenica 1911 twice between 2010 until 2011 and again from 2016 until 2018. +Nikolić died on 4 February 2022 in Smederevska Palanka, Serbia at the age of 56. + += = = Smederevska Palanka = = = +Smederevska Palanka (, ) is a city in the Podunavlje District and the geographical region of Šumadija in Serbia. In 2011, the city had 50,284 people living here. + += = = Jason Epstein = = = +Jason Wolkow Epstein (August 25, 1928 – February 4, 2022) was an American editor and publisher. In 1950, he began working for Doubleday. In 1958 Epstein left Doubleday to join Random House where he was editorial director until his retirement in 1999. In 2004, he co-founded On Demand Books. +Epstein died on February 4, 2022, at his home in Sag Harbor, New York from congestive heart failure at the age of 93. + += = = Dering Harbor, New York = = = +Dering Harbor is a village in the Town of Shelter Island, in Suffolk County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the village population was 50. It is the least populous village in the State of New York. + += = = Languidic = = = +Languidic () is a commune. It is in Brittany in the Morbihan department in northwest France. + += = = Ledringhem = = = +Ledringhem is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 659 people lived there. + += = = Bellaing = = = +Bellaing is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,252 people lived there. + += = = Bellignies = = = +Bellignies is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 819 people lived there. + += = = Bérelles = = = +Bérelles is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 151 people lived there. + += = = Berlaimont = = = +Berlaimont is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 3,155 people lived there. + += = = Onnaing = = = +Onnaing is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 8,813 people lived there. + += = = Bermerain = = = +Bermerain is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 730 people lived there. + += = = Étrœungt = = = +Étrœungt is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,315 people lived there. + += = = Bermeries = = = +Bermeries is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 372 people lived there. + += = = Priscus = = = +Priscus of Panium () was a Roman diplomat and Greek historian from the 5th century AD. +Biography. +Priscus was born between 410 and 420 AD in Panium (or Panion), Thrace. He joined in 448/449 AD the Roman embassy, led by Maximinus and speaking on behalf of Emperor Theodosius II, on a diplomatic mission to the court of Attila the Hun. While he was there, Priscus met and spoke with a Greek trader dressed in Hunnic clothes who was captured in around 441–442 AD when the Huns pillaged the city of Viminacium in modern Serbia. The trader then told Priscus that he was a slave of a Hunnic nobleman named Onegesius, but got his freedom and chose to live among the Huns. Priscus finally had a debate with the Greek defector about life and justice in both the Roman Empire and in barbarian kingdoms. +Priscus traveled to Rome, Alexandria, and Egypt. In around 456 AD, he was with the staff of Euphemios as the "magister officiorum" of Emperor Marcian. Priscus died after 472 AD. +Writings. +Priscus wrote in the Greek language a history of the Byzantine Empire in eight books. The books probably covered the time from the rise of Attila the Hun to the rise of Emperor Zeno, or from 433 up until 474 AD. Priscus was very influential in the empire and his books were used by different writers: Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus ("Excerpta de Legationibus"), Evagrius Scholasticus, Cassiodorus, Jordanes, and author of the Suda. The style of Priscus's writing is direct and his work is considered a trustworthy account of Attila the Hun, his court, and the admission of the Roman ambassadors. Priscus relied on a style of historiography that was part of an ancient Greek tradition dating back to the 5th century BC. +Collections. +The books of Priscus are published in four collections: + += = = University of Burdwan = = = +The University of Burdwan (also known as Burdwan University or B. U.) is a public university in Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, India. It was established by the West Bengal Government as a teaching and affiliating university on 15 June 1960 with six graduate departments and 30 undergraduate colleges spread over three districts that come under the jurisdiction of the university. The university currently offers more than 30 undergraduate and 66 postgraduate courses. + += = = University Institute of Technology, The University of Burdwan = = = +University Institute of Technology, The University of Burdwan is a "NAAC A accredited" Tier-V (under TEQIP) University. Department of Engineering & Technology, constituent to The University of Burdwan , located in Burdwan, West Bengal. It is the only Government Engineering Public University located in Burdwan District. + += = = Bergen auf Rügen = = = +Bergen auf Rügen is the capital of the former district of Rügen in the middle of the island of Rügen in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Since 1 January 2005, Bergen has been the administrative seat of the "Amt" of Bergen auf Rügen. About 23,000 people lived there which makes it the most populous "Amt" in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. + += = = Gerhard Struber = = = +Gerhard Struber (born 24 January 1977) is a former Austrian player. Now he is football manager. He is head coach of Major League Soccer club New York Red Bulls. +Playing career. +He played most of his career at SV Austria Salzburg from 1995 to 2001. He won the Austrian Bundesliga in the 1996–97 season with Salzburg and the Austrian Super Cup in 1997. Before he retired he played with less known Austrian clubs. +Coaching career. +Red Bull Salzburg. +After in software systems and eight years in sales and management positions at an insurance company he Struber quit his job in 2014 to work as footbaal manager. He already worked part time as co-trainer in the academy of FC Red Bull Salzburg from mid-2007 to mid-2010 and as coach SV Kuchl for 20 months. In 2014 Struber became coach of the U 15 at the Red Bull Salzburg academy. +FC Liefering. +In June 2017 he became coach of FC Liefering together with Janusz Góra. In this season he was also coach of the Red Bull Salzburg team in the UEFA Youth League. 2018–19 he became single head of Liefering. In January 2010 he left to make his UEFA Pro Licence. +Wolfsberger AC. +2019-20 he became head coach of Wolfsberger AC in the Austrian Bundesliga. +Barnsley. +On 20 November 2019 Struber was appointed as manager of EFL Championship side Barnsley. Barnsley was at the bottom of the league seven points away from safety. With two wins in the injurie time against Nottingham Forest and Brentford they fixed the place in the league. +New York Red Bulls. +On 6 October 2020 Struber became head coach of Major League Soccer team New York Red Bulls. The Red Bulls paid an unknown sum to Barnsley in order to sign him. Struber made his coaching debut for the club in a 3–2 MLS Cup Playoffs loss against the Columbus Crew on 21 November. At the end of the season they were in the play-offs but lost the first round after a 0:0 with 0:1 in extra time versus Philadelphia Union. +Honours. +SV Austria Salzburg + += = = Falcon 9 Block 5 = = = +Falcon 9 Block 5, also known as Falcon 9 v1.2, is a kind of American carrier rocket (or launch vehicle). It is made by SpaceX. +It can travel to Earth orbit. "Block 5" has a first-stage rocket (or booster) and a second stage. +It is the fifth version of Falcon 9 Full Thrust. +The maximum thrust for its first stage is . + += = = Skanderbeg = = = +Gjergj Kastrioti Skënderbeu (1405 – 17 January 1468), known as Skanderbeg ( from , "İskender Bey"; Latin:,) was an Albanian nobleman and military commander. He led a rebellion against the Ottoman Empire in what is today Albania, North Macedonia, Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro and Serbia. +Reputation. +Because he defended his principality (the Principality of Kastrioti) against Ottoman influences, he was given the Latin title "Athleta Christi" (meaning "warrior of Christianity") by Pope Callixtus III. Today, many people see him as an Albanian national hero. +He was only able to hold his own possessions within the very small area in today's northern Albania. This is where almost all of his victories against the Ottomans took place. Skanderbeg's military skills were a major obstacle to Turkish expansion, and many in western Europe thought he was a model of Christian resistance against the Muslim Turks. For 25 years, from 1443 to 1468, Skanderbeg's 10,000-man army marched through Ottoman territory, winning against larger and better-supplied Ottoman forces. He was greatly admired for this. +The Albanians honor him and his 25 victories by including 25 wings on the Albanian black eagle. + += = = Mahmud Hasan Deobandi = = = +Mahmud Hasan Deobandi was an Indian Muslim scholar and an activist of the Indian freedom struggle movement, who co-founded the Jamia Millia Islamia. He was the first student to study at the Darul Uloom Deoband. +Early life. +Mahmud Hasan Deobandi was born in 1851 in Bareilly. His father, Zulfiqar Ali Deobandi, was one of the founders of Darul Uloom Deoband. +Hasan was the first student at Darul Uloom Deoband. He studied with Mahmud Deobandi and completed his formal studies in 1869. +Literary works. +Hasan wrote an interlinear translation of the Quran in Urdu. He later began adding explanatory notes to it which he was able to add upto the Surah An-Nisa. This unfinished work was completed by his student Shabbir Ahmad Usmani; and was then published as "Tafsir-e-Usmani". He wrote "Al-Abwāb wa Al-Tarājim li al-Bukhāri", explaining the chapter headings of "Sahih Bukhari". +Death. +Hasan died on 30 November 1920 in Delhi. + += = = François Mathey = = = +François Mathey(August 17, 1917 in Ronchamp (Haute-Saône) – January 3, 1993 in Coulommiers, Seine-et-Marne) was a French museum curator. He was curator, then chief curator at the Museum of Decorative Arts from 1953 to 1985. +In 1967, Mathey succeeded in bringing Jean Dubuffet's personal collection into an "institution", the museum of decorative arts, even though the artist rejected academic structures. Mathey was interested in the artist Jean-Joseph Sanfourche, who was selected for important exhibitions "Des singuliers de l'art" in 1978 at the Museum of Modern Art of the City of Paris and at the Museum of Decorative Arts, in 1980, as part of the "international heritage year". + += = = Jim Davis (cartoonist) = = = +James Robert Davis (born July 28, 1945) is an American cartoonist, television writer, television producer, screenwriter, and movie producer. He is best known as the creator of the comic strips "Garfield" and "U.S. Acres". Davis's other comics work includes "Tumbleweeds", "Gnorm Gnat", and "Mr. Potato Head". +He also produced "Garfield & Friends", a series which also aired on CBS from 1988 to 1994. +Early life. +Davis was born in Marion, Indiana. He spent his time at a Black Angus cow farm in Fairmount, Indiana with his parents. His farm chores inspired the creation of Garfield's owner, Jon Arbuckle. Just like the author, Jon's birthday is on July 28. His education came from the Ball State University studying art and business. +In Fairmount High School, Davis took part of the newspaper known as "The Breeze". His first comics appeared here. +Today, most of his older comics are safely kept in a room. Davis uses a graphics tablet to draw his comics. +Career. +Before his job as a cartoonist, Davis worked for an advertising agency. In 1969, he worked with Tom Ryan's comic strip "Tumbleweeds". His first independent comic strip called "Gnorm Gnat" ran for two years in "The Pendleton Times". He believed that a cat should be the main character, and that cats were needed more than dogs. +The comic strip "Jon" was created, and was eventually renamed to "Garfield". The idea spread across 41 newspapers on June 19, 1978. +A lesser known comic Davis produced was "U.S. Acres". With Brett Koth, they made a strip inspired by the Mr. Potato Head toy. +The Professor Garfield Foundation was founded by Davis. It was to support the growth of children by reading. +In 2019, Davis gave permissions to ViacomCBS for a television show. + += = = Evening glove = = = +Evening gloves are long gloves for women's formal wear. These gloves are often worn with evening dress for debutante(ball gown) and wedding dresses. The longest of the evening gloves are called the "opera gloves". Opera gloves are very long gloves that go far beyond the elbow. +The appropriate length of the evening gloves is determined by the length of the sleeves of the dress. The shorter the sleeves of the dress, the longer the gloves should be. Evening gloves for formal(white tie) and semi-formal(black tie) wear come in three lengths for women: wrist, elbow, and opera. The opera reaches over the elbow, usually reaching to the biceps but sometimes to the full length of the arm. The "elbow-length or longer" part is the key; gloves which cover a substantial portion of the forearm, up to just below the elbow, can legitimately be called "long gloves" or "evening gloves", but never "Opera Gloves". In this case, the term "opera" is the same as "opera length necklace" or "opera length stockings" and refers to the length of the object rather than the type of party. +The most formal fabric for evening gloves is kidskin (young goats leather). The most expensive opera length gloves are custom-made of kidskin. Many other types of leather, most usually soft varieties of cowhide, are used in making full-length gloves; patent leather and suede are especially popular as alternatives to kidskin, and are often more affordable than kidskin. Satin and stretch satin materials are extremely popular, and there are mass-produced varieties as well. More unusual glove materials include leathers made from salmon, python, and stingray. + += = = Klaas Tuinstra = = = +Klaas Tuinstra (10 February 1945 – 2 February 2022) was a Dutch politician. He was a member of the Anti-Revolutionary Party and later the Christian Democratic Appeal. He was a member of the Provincial States of Friesland from 1971 to 1986, a municipal councillor of het Bildt from 1974 to 1982, and an MP from 1986 to 1994. +Tuinstra was born in Sint Annaparochie. He died in the same place on 2 February 2022 at the age of 76. + += = = Sint Annaparochie = = = +Sint Annaparochie is the largest village of Waadhoeke in Friesland, the Netherlands. About 4,800 people lived here in 2021. + += = = Jochen Wolf = = = +Jochen Wolf (26 August 1941 – 2 February 2022) was a German politician. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. He was in the Landtag of Brandenburg from 1990 to 1994. Wolf was born in Saxony, Nazi Germany. +Wolf died in Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany from a heart attack on 2 February 2022 at the age of 80. + += = = Leland Christensen = = = +Leland George Christensen (April 30, 1959 – February 4, 2022) was an American politician. He was a Republican member of the Wyoming Senate from 2011 until 2019. Christensen was born in Alta, Wyoming. +Christensen died on February 4, 2022 in Alta from problems caused by COVID-19 while receiving chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, aged 62. + += = = Alta, Wyoming = = = +Alta is a census-designated place (CDP) in Teton County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 429 at the 2020 census. + += = = Neil Faulkner (archaeologist) = = = +Neil Faulkner ( 1957 – February 2022) was a British archaeologist, historian, writer, lecturer, broadcaster, and political activist. +In 2019, Faulkner appeared on BBC Radio 4's programme In Our Time to discuss Lawrence of Arabia. +Faulkner was a Marxist and a revolutionary socialist activist. He was a member of the Socialist Workers Party, from 1980 to 2010. +Faulkner was diagnosed with a rare form of blood cancer in mid-2021. He died from the disease in February 2022, at the age of 64. + += = = Ana Carmen Macri = = = +Ana Carmen Macri (15 July 1916 – 4 February 2022) was an Argentine politician. She was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1951. She was one of the first group of female parliamentarians in Argentina. Macri was born in Buenos Aires. +Macri turned 100 in July 2016. She died on 4 February 2022 in Buenos Aires, at the age of 105. + += = = Jerzy Osiatyński = = = +Jerzy Osiatyński (2 November 1941 – 4 February 2022) was a German-born Polish politician. He was a member of the Democratic Union. He was in the Sejm from 1989 to 2001 and was Minister of Finance from 1992 to 1993. Osiatyński was born in Riga, Reichskommissariat Ostland. +Osiatyński died on 4 February 2022 in Warsaw, Poland at the age of 80. + += = = Reichskommissariat Ostland = = = +The Reichskommissariat Ostland (RKO) was created by Nazi Germany in 1941 during World War II. It became the civilian occupation regime in the Baltic states and the western part of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. + += = = Caprice Italian Style = = = +Caprice Italian Style () is a 1968 Italian comedy movie directed by Mario Monicelli, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Mauro Bolognini, Pino Zac, Steno, Franco Rossi. It stars Totò, Ugo D'Alessio, Dante Maggio, Renzo Marignano, Franco Franchi, Ciccio Ingrassia, Laura Betti, Carlo Pisacane. + += = = Piero Gamba = = = +Piero Gamba (16 September 1936 – 30 January 2022), also known as Pierino Gamba, was an Italian orchestral conductor and pianist. He was born in Rome, Italy. He won the Arnold Bax Memorial Medal in 1962. He was the musical director and conductor of the Winnipeg Symphony Orchestra from 1971 until 1980. He was the chief conductor of the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra in Australia from 1983 to 1986. +Gamba died on 30 January 2022 in New York City at the age of 85. + += = = Jean Jamin = = = +Jean Jamin (26 April 1945 – 21 January 2022) was a French ethnologist and anthropologist. He was the director of studies at the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences. He taught ethnology there from 1993 to 2016. He directed the journal "L'Homme" from 1996 to 2015 and co-founded the journal "Gradhiva" in 1986. +Jamin died in Paris, France on 21 January 2022 at the age of 76. + += = = Laurie Mithen = = = +Lawrence Sidney Mithen (born 15 April 1934) is an Australian rules footballer. He played for Melbourne in the VFL from 1954 until 1962. Mithen was born in Melbourne, Australia. He played for Claremont Football Club in the WAFL in 1966 and 1967 for a total of 34 games. + += = = Charadrahyla esperancensis = = = +The esperanza tree frog ("Charadrahyla esperancensis") is a frog that lives in Mexico. Scientists have seen it in Oaxaca at 1640 meters above sea level. +Appearance. +The adult male frog is 44.3 to 48.9 mm long from nose to rear end. +This frog has smooth skin on its back and legs. It has bumpy skin on its belly. The top of the head and top of the back are either light brown or green-brown in color. The sides of the head has dark brown color from the nose to the eardrum. The sides of the frog's body are dark brown with yellow spots. The spots are not perfectly round. The tops of the legs are light brown with darker brown stripes going across. The legs have yellow spots. This frog has disks on its toes for climbing. The disks are darker in color than the rest of the toe. The belly is light in color. +Name. +"Esperanza" is "hope" in Spanish. Scientists named after the place where they saw the frog: La Esperanza in Sierra Juarez. +Threats. +This frog is in some danger of dying out. This is because human beings change the places where it lives by cutting down trees to have wood or make towns and cities. This cuts the place where the frog lives into small pieces, where frogs in different places cannot go to each other. This makes them make young only with other frogs nearby, and they may be too closely realted to each other. These frogs also die from disease and climate change. +Human beings who live near La Esperanza have saved 4000 hectares of land to save this frog and other animals that live there. + += = = Chris Cairns = = = +Christopher Lance Cairns (born 13 June 1970) is a retired New Zealand cricketer and captain. He played for the New Zealand cricket team from 1989 until 2006. In 2000, he was named as one of five Wisden Cricketers of the Year. Cairns was born in Picton, New Zealand. His father is cricketer Lance Cairns. +In August 2021, he was reported to be on life support after suffering a major heart attack which caused an aortic dissection in his home in Canberra, Australia. He recovered however, Cairns became paralysed from the waist after having a stroke during surgery. +In February 2022, Cairns was diagnosed with bowel cancer. + += = = Lance Cairns = = = +Bernard Lance Cairns (born 10 October 1949) is a retired New Zealand cricketer. He played for the New Zealand cricket team. His son is the New Zealand cricketer Chris Cairns. + += = = Picton, New Zealand = = = +Picton () is a town in the Marlborough Region of New Zealand's South Island. + += = = Baileyton, Tennessee = = = +Baileyton is a town in Greene County, Tennessee, United States. The Baileyton area was first settled in 1776. The name "Baileyton" comes from two brothers who lived there. They were Claudius and Thomas P. Bailey. The town was incorporated in 1915. It is a part of the area known as the Tri-Cities, Tennessee. + += = = DYPR-TV = = = +DYPR-TV (channel 12) is a commercial television station. It is owned and operated by the Philippine Collective Media Corporation. +Offices. +The station's studios, main office, and transmitter are located at 3/F DVOREF Bldg., Remedios Trinidad Romualdez Hospital Compound, Brgy. 96-Calanipawan, Tacloban, Leyte. +History. +In the 1990s, Channel 12 was a regional affiliate station of the Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation. +PRTV Programs. +Note: Some programs are simulcast with sister FM station FMR Tacloban every Monday to Saturday. +Digital television. +Digital channels. +UHF Channel 50 (689.143 MHz) + += = = United States of Europe = = = +The United States of Europe (USE for short) is the idea that the countries of the European Union (EU for short) will unite into a single sovereign state. It would be similar to the United States of America (USA for short). +The USE would have much more influence (politically, economically, militarily, culturally, etc.) at the international level than an EU member country alone. It would be the world's third most populous country with a population of almost 450 million people. The economy of the USE would be the world's third-largest by GDP with almost 14 trillion euros. +Some critics believe that there will not be a USE in the near future because they think that: +-countries do not want to give up their national language for an official language of the USE +-countries do not want to give up their national identity +-countries with a small population do not want to end up as federal states with little voting weight + += = = Alemannia = = = +Alemannia, also spelt Alamannia was the land inhabited by the Germanic Alemanni, who expanded from the Main River basin during the 3rd century and settling on the left side of the Rhine River in the 4th century. +History. +Alemannia was ruled by a Germanic king during the 4th to 5th centuries, Alamannia was later invaded and became a duchy of the Frankish Empire in the 6th century. In early 10th century, the Holy Roman Empire started to form under Conrad I of East Francia and the territory of Alamannia became the Duchy of Swabia. +Geography. +Alamannia existed near the Lake Constance, the Black Forest, the Alsace, and the Danube River basin. With border near Burgundy in the Aare River basin (now Aargau). The Alemanni people were very influential, they’re related to Alemannic German, French Alsace, German Baden and Swabia, German-speaking Switzerland and the Austrian Vorarlberg. + += = = Agiapuk River = = = +The Agiapuk River is a river on the Seward Peninsula in the U.S. State of Alaska. It flows through the Imuruk Basin and into the Bering Sea. + += = = Azerbaijan Communist Party (1920) = = = +The Azerbaijan Communist Party (; ) was the ruling political party in the Azerbaijan SSR, which was a branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. +Establishment. +It was formed on 20 February 1920, when the Muslim Social Democratic Party, Communist Party of Persia, Ahrar Party and the Baku Bolsheviks joined together to establish the Communist Party of Azerbaijan. +On 1 April of the same year, the Fifth Cabinet of Ministers of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic gave its resignations and all the power to the Communist Party of Azerbaijan. The party ruled the Azerbaijan SSR until 14 September 1991 when it was formally disbanded. +1990 election. +Nevertheless, former leaders and members of the communists continued to play a role in the family- and patronage-based political system of Azerbaijan. The Communist Party of Azerbaijan won the first multi-party elections in Azerbaijan that took place on 30 September and 14 October 1990 for the parliament of the Soviet Union, the Supreme Soviet, getting 280 out of 360 seats. + += = = Brouckerque = = = +Brouckerque is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,408 people lived there. + += = = Bersée = = = +Bersée is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 2,246 people lived there. + += = = Hasnon = = = +Hasnon is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 3,899 people lived there. + += = = Saint-Amand-les-Eaux = = = +Saint-Amand-les-Eaux is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 16,053 people lived there. + += = = Bokermannohyla = = = +Bokermannohyla is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. Scientists invented this genus in 2005. That year, many amphibian scientists looked at the species of in Hylidae and decided to make changes. Twenty-three species that had been placed in the genus "Hyla" were moved to "Bokermannohyla". +These frogs live in southern Brazil. +Scientist tell whether a frog is a "Bokermannohyla" frog using 65 specific parts of the DNA in its nucleus and mitochondria. These genes are for proteins and ribosomes. +This group is named after scientist Werner Carlos Agosto Bokermann. +Size. +With most frogs, the adult female frog is larger than the adult male frog. But with some frogs in Bokermannohyla, the adult male frog is larger. Scientists say this happens when the male frogs fight each other for good places to find female frogs. + += = = Grootfontein Constituency = = = +Grootfontein Constituency is an constituency in the Otjozondjupa Region of Namibia. It has 21,595 people living there in 2004. The capital is the town of Grootfontein. +Politics. +The 2015 regional election was won by Nelao Delemine Amagulu of the SWAPO Party with 3,521 votes, followed by Paulus Bernardt Wimmerth of the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance with 1,149 votes and Wendelinus Kweruje Limbu of the All People’s Party with 267 votes. + += = = Tilloy-lez-Marchiennes = = = +Tilloy-lez-Marchiennes is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 516 people lived there. + += = = Lieksa = = = +Lieksa is a town in North Karelia, Finland. As of 31 December 2021, the municipality had a population of 10,545. Neighbouring municipalities are Ilomantsi, Joensuu, Juuka, Kontiolahti, Kuhmo and Nurmes. +Most people speak Finnish. + += = = Reisjärvi = = = +Reisjärvi is a municipality in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland. As of 31 December 2021, the municipality had a population of 2,689. Neighbouring municipalities are Haapajärvi, Kinnula, Lestijärvi, Pihtipudas and Sievi. + += = = Battletruck = = = +Battletruck (also known as Warlords of the 21st Century in the U.S. and in Italy) is a 1982 New Zealand British science fiction action movie directed by Harley Cokeliss and starring Michael Beck, Annie McEnroe, James Wainwright, John Ratzenberger, Bruno Lawrence, Mark Hadlow. + += = = Bersillies = = = +Bersillies is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 254 people lived there. + += = = Bettignies = = = +Bettignies is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 310 people lived there. + += = = Berthen = = = +Berthen is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 552 people lived there. + += = = Bertry = = = +Bertry is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 2,174 people lived there. + += = = Beugnies = = = +Beugnies is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 630 people lived there. + += = = Beuvrages = = = +Beuvrages is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 6,821 people lived there. + += = = Bokermannohyla circumdata = = = +The Espirtu Santo tree frog or thigh-barred tree frog ("Bokermannohyla circumdata") is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have named it after one of the places where it lives: the Mountains of Espírito Santo. + += = = Indian Council for Cultural Relations = = = +The Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR), is an autonomous organisation of the Government of India. +Aim. +It is involved in India's global cultural relations, through cultural exchange with other countries and their people. It was founded on 9 April 1950 by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, the first Education Minister of independent India. +Locations. +The ICCR Headquarter is situated at Azad Bhavan, I.P. Estate, New Delhi. They also have regional offices in Bangalore, Chandigarh, Chennai, Cuttack, Goa, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Patna, Pune, Shillong, Thiruvananthapuram & Varanasi. The council also operates missions internationally. They work with cultural centres in Georgetown, Paramaribo, Port Louis, Jakarta, Moscow, Valladolid, Berlin, Cairo, London (Nehru Centre, London), Tashkent, Almaty, Johannesburg, Durban, Port of Spain and Colombo. ICCR has opened new cultural centers in Dhaka, Thimpu, Sao Paulo, Kathmandu, Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur and Tokyo. + += = = Thorkil Kristensen = = = +Thorkil Kristensen (9 October 1899 – 26 June 1989) was a Danish politician, finance minister, professor in national economy, and futurist. He was the 1st Secretary-General of the OECD from 1961 until 1969. + += = = Jean-Claude Paye (OECD) = = = +Jean-Claude Paye (born 26 August 1934) is a French politician. He was the Secretary-General of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) from 1984 to 1996. + += = = Don Johnston = = = +Donald James Johnston, (June 26, 1936 – February 4, 2022) was a Canadian politician and lawyer. He was Secretary-General of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) from 1996 to 2006. Before, he was a member of the Canadian Parliament from 1978 until 1988. He was also President of the Liberal Party of Canada from 1990 until 1994. +Johnston died on February 4, 2022 at the age of 85. + += = = José Ángel Gurría = = = +José Ángel Gurría Treviño, also known as Ángel Gurría, (born 8 May 1950) is a Mexican economist and politician. From 1 June 2006 to 31 May 2021, he was the secretary-general of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). + += = = Mathias Cormann = = = +Mathias Hubert Paul Cormann (; ; born 20 September 1970) is a Belgian-born Australian politician. He is the Secretary-General of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) since 2021. He was the Australian Minister for Finance from 2013 to 2020 and Western Australian senator for the Liberal Party from 2007 to 2020. + += = = Boris Melnikov = = = +Boris Melnikov (; 16 May 1938 – 5 February 2022) was a Soviet fencer. He won a gold medal in the team sabre event at the 1964 Summer Olympics. Melnikov was born in Leningrad, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union. +Melnikov died in Saint Petersburg, Russia on 5 February 2022, at the age of 83. + += = = CODECO = = = +CODECO is a group of Lendu militia in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The name is an abbreviation of the group's lesser-known full name, the "Cooperative for Development of the Congo". They are sometimes known as the "Congo Economic Development Cooperative". +It was a peaceful agricultural group before becoming a violent rebel movement. The group is accused of massacres and war crimes by United Nations officials. + += = = Todd Gitlin = = = +Todd Alan Gitlin (January 6, 1943 – February 5, 2022) was an American sociologist, political activist, novelist, and cultural commentator. He wrote about the mass media, politics, and arts. He worked as a professor at the University of California, Berkeley and New York University. He was also a visiting professor at Yale University. Gitlin published three novels: "The Murder of Albert Einstein" (1992), "Sacrifice" (1999), and "Undying" (2011). +On December 31, 2021, Gitlin went into cardiac arrest at his home in Hillside, New York. He was hospitalized in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, where he tested positive for COVID-19. He died there on February 5, 2022, one month after his 79th birthday. + += = = Hillside, New York = = = +Hillside is a census-designated place (CDP) in Ulster County, New York, United States. The population was 860 at the 2020 census. Hillside is located at (41.9181, -74.0351). + += = = J. Alexander Baumann = = = +J. Alexander Baumann (10 December 1942 – 2 February 2022) was a Swiss politician. He was a member of the Swiss People's Party. He was in the National Council from 1995 to 2011. Baumann was born in Zürich, Switzerland. +Baumann died on 2 February 2022 in Davos, Switzerland from a heart attack at the age of 79. + += = = Ashley Bryan = = = +Ashley F. Bryan (July 13, 1923 – February 4, 2022) was an American educator, children's writer and illustrator of children's books. His books were mainly about the African American experience. He was U.S. nominee for the Hans Christian Andersen Award in 2006 and he won the Laura Ingalls Wilder Award in 2009. His picture book "Freedom Over Me" received a Newbery Honor. Bryan was born in Harlem, New York. +Bryan lived in Maine. He died at his niece's home in Sugar Land, Texas from congestive heart failure on February 4, 2022, at the age of 98. + += = = Avern Cohn = = = +Avern Levin Cohn (July 23, 1924 – February 4, 2022) was an American politician and lawyer. He was the United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan from 1979 until his death. He became senior judge of this court in 1999. Cohn was nominated to the court by President Jimmy Carter. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. +Cohn died on February 4, 2022 in Royal Oak, Michigan at the age of 97. + += = = Groupe ISAE = = = +Groupe ISAE is the name of a French national network for aeronautical and space universities (named "grandes écoles" in French). +It was created in 2011 by "Institut supérieur de l'aéronautique et de l'espace", "École nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique", "Institut supérieur de mécanique de Paris", "École de l'Air et de l'Espace", "École supérieure des techniques aéronautiques et de construction automobile", and the French Civil Aviation University. +The main goal of Groupe ISAE are to create cooperation between Colleges in order to develop projects in education and research. + += = = Hudson, Massachusetts = = = +Hudson is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, with a total population of 20,092 as of the 2020 census. + += = = Hillsborough, New Hampshire = = = +Hillsborough is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 5,939 at the 2020 census. + += = = Charadrahyla sakbah = = = +The Mixteca cloud-forest tree frog ("Charadrahyla sakbah") is a frog that lives in Mexico. Scientists have seen it in exactly one place: 1390 meters above sea level in the western Sierra Madre del Sur mountains, in Oaxaca. +The adult male frog is 81.15-85.75 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 67.91-73.21 mm long. They have a very large amount of webbed skin between their toes. Only frogs from this part of the world have webbing like this. + += = = Jeff Bingaman = = = +Jesse Francis "Jeff" Bingaman Jr. (born October 3, 1943) is an American politician and lawyer. He was a United States Senator from New Mexico from 1983 to 2013. He was a member of the Democratic Party. Bingaman was Attorney General of New Mexico from 1979 to 1983. +On February 18, 2011, he announced that he would not run for reelection in 2012. + += = = Dowagiac, Michigan = = = +Dowagiac ( ) is a city in Cass County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 5,721 at the 2020 census. + += = = Yellow Springs, Ohio = = = +Yellow Springs is a village in Greene County, Ohio, United States. The population was 3,697 at the 2020 census. + += = = Balinese Hinduism = = = +Balinese Hinduism can be defined as a combination of 2 beliefs, the Shiva sect of Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism. That is why it is often called the Shiva-Buddhist, Hindu-Dharma, Tirtha religions and also the Holy Water Religion. + += = = Belgrade, Nebraska = = = +Belgrade is a village in Nance County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 103 at the 2020 census. + += = = Fullerton, Nebraska = = = +Fullerton is a city in, and the county seat of, Nance County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 1,244 as of the 2020 Census. + += = = Byrdstown, Tennessee = = = +Byrdstown is a town in Pickett County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 798 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Pickett County. + += = = Oceanport, New Jersey = = = +Oceanport is a borough in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the borough's population was 6,150. + += = = Millburn, New Jersey = = = +Millburn is a suburban township in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the township's population is 21,710. + += = = Marvin Pratt = = = +Marvin E. Pratt (born May 26, 1944) is an American politician. He was acting mayor of Milwaukee in 2004 and as interim Milwaukee County Executive in 2011. He was the first African-American to serve as mayor of Milwaukee. He ran for a full term as mayor but lost to Tom Barrett in the 2004 general election. + += = = Henry Maier = = = +Henry Walter Maier (February 7, 1918 – July 17, 1994) was an American politician and the longest-serving mayor of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, holding office from 1960 to 1988. + += = = Delafield, Wisconsin = = = +Delafield is a city in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, along the Bark River. The population was 7,185 at the 2020 census. + += = = Mike Thompson (California politician) = = = +Charles Michael Thompson (born January 24, 1951) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for (known as the 1st congressional district until 2013) since 1999. He is a member of the Democratic Party. + += = = 1981 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +The 1981 FIFA World Youth Championship, the third edition of the FIFA World Youth Championship, was held in Australia from 3-18 October 1981. The tournament took place at six venues, where a total of 32 matches were played. The venues were located in the cities of Adelaide, Brisbane, Canberra, Melbourne, Newcastle and Sydney. The winner was West Germany, who beat surprise package Qatar 4–0 in a final held at the Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG). + += = = La India = = = +Linda Viera Caballero, known as La India, is a Puerto Rican singer and songwriter. In 2016 she won the Latin Grammy Award for "Best Salsa Album". +Early life. +She was born on March 9, 1969 in Río Piedras, Puerto Rico. She was raised in the South Bronx area of New York City. +Discography. +Her first number one album on Billboard's Tropical Albums chart, was in 1994; Her sixth number one album on that chart, was in 2015. +Her discography includes the albums + += = = 1983 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +The 1983 FIFA World Youth Championship, the fourth edition of the FIFA World Youth Championship, was held in Mexico from 2 June to 19 June 1983. The tournament took place in seven venues — Guadalajara, Irapuato, León, Mexico City, Monterrey, Puebla and Toluca — where a total of 32 matches were played. The winner was Brazil, who beat Argentina by 1–0, in a final held at Mexico City's Azteca Stadium. + += = = Search engine indexing = = = +Search engine indexing is the collecting, parsing, and storing of data to facilitate fast and accurate information retrieval. Index design incorporates many concepts from linguistics, cognitive psychology, mathematics, informatics, and computer science. An alternate name for the process, in the context of search engines designed to find web pages on the Internet, is web indexing. +Index design factors. +Major factors in designing a search engine's architecture include: + += = = VG (newspaper) = = = +VG, or Verdens Gang, is a Norwegian newspaper. +As of 2021, it is the Norwegian newspaper with the highest number of readers, according to Store norske leksikon (an encyclopedia). + += = = Islam in Maharashtra = = = +Islam is the second largest religion in the state, with 12,967,840 adherents comprising 11.54% of the population, per estimates. +Population. +The Muslim population in the state is heterogeneous. The majority of Muslims are mostly Sunni Muslims. The population in the state is highly urbanised, and spread across different regions. The urban character of the community in Maharashtra can be seen from the fact that Mumbai, the capital city of Maharashtra, is approximately 18.8% Muslim per the Census. Mumbai, the capital city of the state, has approximately over 3 million Muslims. The Muslim population of Mumbai is the city with a large Muslim population among any city outside Muslim-majority countries. +Shrine. +The Haji Ali Dargah in Mumbai is a famous Islamic shrine in Maharashtra. Similarly, Nagpur, the second capital of Maharashtra, has population that is 11% Muslim. + += = = COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts = = = +The COVID-19 pandemic first started in Massachusetts in early February 2020. The first COVID-19 case was in Boston. That was February 1, 2020. From March 5, the number of COVID-19 cases began growing very rapidly. +As of Sunday, February 6, 2022, about 22,600 people in the state of Massachusetts had died from COVID-19 or its related health effects. As of then, over 5.2 million people in the state were fully vaccinated. Just over half of them had the booster shots. +During the United States' 2021–22 winter, COVID-19 went up in the state almost four times that of the winter before (2020–21). By February 2022, however, overall rates started to fall again. The February 6 statistics showed just under 1,502,250 cases in Massachusetts. +The Massachusetts laws and rules stated that anyone over age five could get two shots. Only those age eighteen and older, however, can apply for and receive the boosters. + += = = Erre = = = +Erre () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,589 people lived there. + += = = Human rights in Malaysia = = = +The Constitution of Malaysia forbids discrimination against citizens based on sex, religion, and race. +Indigenous people. +Although the constitution accords a "special position" in Article 153, to Bumiputera. They are the indigenous peoples of Malaysia including ethnic Malays and members of tribes indigenous to the states of Sabah and Sarawak in eastern Malaysia. +LGBT rights. +Both section 377 of the Penal Code and several state-level laws criminalise homosexuality and sodomy. Laws forbidding sodomy and unnatural carnal intercourse are occasionally enforced. There is also social prejudice founded in the Islamic view of homosexuality. Although the situation is getting better. +Gays. +Gays are not permitted to appear in the state media. And they cannot be depicted in films unless they "repent" or die. +Court decision. +In February 2021, a court declared that any state laws within Malaysia cannot be in conflict or override with clear federal laws banning gay sex. + += = = House of slaves = = = +The House of slaves is a museum and memorial to the Atlantic slave trade. It is located on Gorée Island, off the coast of Dakar, Senegal. In 1962 it was made a museum. Historians have different opinions on how important Gorée Island actually was and how many slaves were shipped from there to the Americas. +The house was constructed in 1776, to hold slaves to be exported. Anna Colas Pépin, an African businesswoman who took part in the slave trade, owned it. + += = = The Tom and Jerry Show (2014 TV series) = = = +The Tom and Jerry Show (2014) is an American animated comedy television series produced by Warner Bros. Animation aired on Cartoon Network and Boomerang from April 9, 2014 to February 2, 2021. an fifth television series of the Tom and Jerry show. follows "Tom and Jerry in New York" in HBO Max. + += = = Raymond A. Jordan = = = +Raymond A. Jordan Jr. (May 5, 1943 – February 5, 2022) was an American Democrat politician. He was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1975 until 1994. Jordan was born in Springfield, Massachusetts. +Jordon died on February 5, 2022 in Springfield at the age of 78. + += = = Ilmārs Verpakovskis = = = +Ilmārs Verpakovskis (15 October 1958 – 6 February 2022) was a Latvian footballer. He played as a midfielder. He made three appearances for the Latvia national team from 1991 until 1992. He was the father of footballer Māris Verpakovskis. + += = = Abdelmalek Ali Messaoud = = = +Abdelmalek Ali Messaoud (27 May 1955 – 6 February 2022) was an Algerian football player and manager. He played as a defender for USM Alger. He had 38 appearances and one goal for the Algeria national team between 1974 until 1978. + += = = Abram Khasin = = = +Abram Iosifovich Khasin (Russian: ����� ��������� �����; 15 February 1923 – 6 February 2022) was a Russian chess international master and correspondence grandmaster. He was born in Zaporizhia, Ukrainian SSR, USSR. He became a chess master in 1964 and a grandmaster in 1972. Khasin also became the USSR Master of Sports in 1950. +Khasin died on 6 February 2022 in Essen, Germany at the age of 98. + += = = Syl Johnson = = = +Sylvester "Syl" Johnson (born Sylvester Thompson; July 1, 1936 – February 6, 2022) was an American blues and soul singer, musician and record producer. His most successful records included "Different Strokes" (1967), "Is It Because I'm Black" (1969) and "Take Me to the River" (1975). Johnson was born in Holly Springs, Mississippi. His career began in 1959. +Johnson died on February 6, 2022 in Mableton, Georgia of congestive heart failure at the age of 85. + += = = Skillman, New Jersey = = = +Skillman is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Montgomery Township, in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the CDP's population was 237. + += = = Montgomery Township, New Jersey = = = +Montgomery Township is a township in southern Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the township's population was 23,690. + += = = Ronnie Hellström = = = +Folke Ronnie Wallentin Hellström (21 February 1949 – 6 February 2022) was a Swedish professional footballer. He played as a goalkeeper. He played for Hammarby IF and 1. FC Kaiserslautern during a career that lasted between 1966 and 1984. +He also made 77 appearances for the Sweden national team from 1968 until 1980. He represented his country at the 1970, 1974, and 1978 FIFA World Cups. +In 2021, Hellström was diagnosed with esophageal cancer. He died on 6 February 2022, two weeks before his 73rd birthday. + += = = Asha Bhosle = = = +Asha Bhosle ( Mangeshkar; born 8 September 1933) is an Indian singer who records songs for movies. Then the movie actors move their lips so that they seem to be singing the songs. She is also a businesswoman. She is best known for her singing in Hindi movies. Bhosle's career started in 1943. In 2013, At the age of 79, Bhosle did her first acting performance with a Marathi movie named "Mai". She is one of the oldest indian actress to have made debut in Bollywood. +Bhosle is the sister of playback singer Lata Mangeshkar. During the 1950s and 60s, Asha and her sister Lata were the main playback singers for Marathi movies. She has been nominated two times for the Grammy Award in 1997 and 2006. +Early life. +Asha was born on 8 September 1933 in the village of Sangli. Sangli is located near Krishna river. She was the daughter of Deenanath Mangeshkar. Deenanath was an actor and classical singer on Marathi theatre. When Asha was nine years old, her father died. Their family moved from Pune to Kolhapur and then to Mumbai. She and her elder sister Lata Mangeshkar began singing for movies to support their family. She sang her first song "Chala Chala Nav Bala" for the Marathi movie "Majha Bal (1943)". She made her Hindi movie debut when she sang the song 'Saawan Aaya' for the movie named "Chunariya" (1948). +In 1949, at the age of 16, she ran away to marry the 31-year-old Ganpatrao Bhosle, who was her personal secretary. She married him even though her family was against the marriage. +Career. +Asha Bhosle became famous when Raj Kapoor chose her in 1954 for a song from the movie named "Boot Polish". The song was called Nanhe Munne Bache (which means cute little kids). She sang it with Mohammed Rafi. Musician O. P. Nayyar also chose Asha Bhosle for "C.I.D." in 1956. BR Chopra chose her for the movie "Naya Daur" in 1957. She sang "Maang Ke Saath Tumhara", "Saathi Haath Badhana" and "Uden Jab Jab Zulfein Teri" with Mohammed Rafi which made her very popular. All these songs in the movie were written by Sahir Ludhianvi. In 1957, Naya Daur was Asha Bhosle's first movie where she sang all the songs in a single movie for the heroine. The heroine in that movie was Vyjayanthimala. +On 2 May 2020, Bhosle launched her YouTube channel named "Asha Bhosle Official". As of February 2024, she has 291 thousand subscribers on her YouTube account. +Awards. +In 1962, Maharashtra government gave Bhosle the '1962 Best singer award' for the Marathi movie, "Manini". +In 2002, she received the BBC Lifetime Achievement Award, which was given to her by the Prime minister of UK, Tony Blair. In 2011, she was honored by the "Guinness Book of World Records" as the most recorded artist in music history. She also received the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 2000 and the Padma Vibhushan in 2008. +In 2015, she was listed in the Top 100 inspiring women of 2015. + += = = Gary W. Johnston = = = +Gary Wayne Johnston (October 21, 1964 – January 20, 2022) was a United States Army major general. He was the commanding general of the United States Army Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM) from June 2018 to July 2021. +Johnston killed himself on January 20, 2022 in Alexandria, Virginia at the age of 57. + += = = Pierre Poilievre = = = +Pierre Marcel Poilievre ( ; born June 3, 1979) is a Canadian politician who has been the leader of the Conservative Party of Canada and the leader of the Opposition since 2022. He is a member of Parliament (MP) since 2004. He was minister for democratic reform from 2013 to 2015 and minister of employment and social development in 2015. +On February 5, 2022, Poilievre announced his candidacy for the leadership election of the Conservative Party. He was elected Leader of the Conservative Party on September 10, 2022. +Pierre Poilievre has a compliance agreement with Elections Canada for campaign violations https://canadagazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p1/2017/2017-07-22/html/parliament-parlement-eng.html + += = = North Charleroi, Pennsylvania = = = +North Charleroi is a borough in Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,303 at the 2020 census. + += = = Nokia 6500 slide = = = +Nokia 6500 slide was an codenamed mobile phone of Nokia 6500 classic, it was announced by Nokia Corporation on May 31, 2007 along with Nokia 6500c and release on September 20, 2007. +History. +In May 31, 2007. They will be announced of release new phone is "Nokia 6500 classic" and "Nokia 6500 slide", has known Nokia 6500c. +Nokia 6500 slide was release on September 20, 2007 along with release of Nokia 6500 classic or Nokia 6500c. In October 2007, Nokia 6500 slide was release in Canada and United Kingdom, in November 2007 release in China with Chinese language. +Reception. +In May 2008, Nokia announced that two phone Nokia 6500 classic and Nokia 6500 slide was similar but not same like keyboard of Nokia 6500 slide. +In June 12, 2008. Nokia 6500 slide was public in MSN Beta website. +Discontinued. +In February 2009, Nokia announced they will be discontinued of Nokia 6500 slide because was no longer and along that discontinued of Nokia 6500 classic. That Nokia 6500c will discontinued in June 13. In July 14, 2009. Nokia 6500 slide was ended of support and discontinued in worldwide. + += = = Mostafa Tabrizi = = = +Mostafa Tabrizi (, born 1945) is an Iranian politician. + += = = Bethlehem Township, Stark County, Ohio = = = +Bethlehem Township is one of the seventeen townships of Stark County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 5,520 people in the township. + += = = Beach City, Ohio = = = +Beach City is a village in Stark County, Ohio, United States. The population was 940 at the 2020 census. + += = = Dicen Que Soy = = = +Dicen Que Soy is an album by Puerto Rican-American singer La India. It is from 1994. +Singles. +"Nunca Voy a Olvidarte" was the first single to be released from the album. It peaked at number 11 on the Hot Latin Songs chart and number one on the "Billboard" Tropical Songs chart. The second single, "Ese Hombre", reached number 12 on the Hot Latin Songs chart and became her second number-one song on the Tropical Songs chart. Other singles were "Que Ganas de No Verte Más" and "Dicen Que Soy" and "O Ella o Yo". + += = = Palmetto Bay, Florida = = = +Palmetto Bay is a suburban incorporated village in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. The population was 24,439 during the 2020 US census. + += = = Johnstown (city), New York = = = +Johnstown is the county seat of Fulton County, New York, United States. + += = = Cudahy, Wisconsin = = = +Cudahy is a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. + += = = Franklin, Milwaukee County, Wisconsin = = = +Franklin is a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. + += = = Glendale, Wisconsin = = = +Glendale is a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. + += = = Greenfield, Wisconsin = = = +Greenfield is a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. + += = = Shawano County, Wisconsin = = = +Shawano County (pronounced SHAW-no) (originally Shawanaw County) is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,881. Its county seat is Shawano. +Shawano County is included in the Shawano, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Green Bay-Shawano, WI Combined Statistical Area. + += = = Kavik River = = = +The Kavik River is an river in the North Slope region of Alaska. + += = = National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan = = = +The National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan (), is the National Olympic Committee (NOC) of Azerbaijan. It is also the governing body for the Olympic Games in Azerbaijan. The headquarters is in Baku. +History. +The National Olympic Committee of Azerbaijan was established in 1992 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1993. +For the first time Azerbaijan took part at the Olympic Games as an independent state in 1996 and since then sends athletes to all Olympic Games. +Earlier, Azerbaijani athletes joined the Olympic Games in the Soviet Union team from 1952 to 1988. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Azerbaijan became a part of the Unified Team at the Olympics in 1992. +Azerbaijani athletes won, in total, sixteen medals at the Summer Olympic Games. They won in Greco-Roman wrestling, shooting sport, boxing and judo. At the Winter Olympic Games, Azerbaijani athletes have not won any medal. +Main goals and targets. +The main goal is the development of the Olympic movement in Azerbaijan on the basis of the Olympic Charter. + += = = Paper marbling = = = +Paper marbling is a method of which can make patterns. The patterns are the result of paint floated on water. The colouring is transferred to an absorbent surface, such as paper or fabric. +It is often used as a writing surface for calligraphy, and especially book covers and endpapers in bookbinding and stationery. +It is rarely used today, but was common in the 19th century. The reason for its lack of use today may be that it adds to the expense of the finished book. + += = = Genemuiden = = = +Genemuiden is a small city in the province of Overijssel, the Netherlands. About 10,000 people were living there in 2021. +Genemuiden was also a municipality. In 2001, it became a part of the new created municipality of Zwartewaterland. +Genemuiden got city rights in 1275. + += = = List of number-one singles of 2022 (Finland) = = = +This is a List of number-one singles in Finland in 2021. The source is the Official Finnish Charts. + += = = 1984 AFC Asian Cup = = = +The 1984 AFC Asian Cup was the 8th edition of the men's AFC Asian Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). The finals were hosted by Singapore between 1 December and 16 December 1984. The field of ten teams was split into two groups of five. Saudi Arabia won their first title, beating China in the final 2–0. + += = = Operation Hush = = = +In Operation Hush, marines were to land on the Belgian coast and there would be a breakout attack from Nieuwpoort and the Yser bridgehead. + += = = Jeholornis = = = +Jeholornis is a bird-like theropod, that lived in Asia. They lived in the Early Cretaceous. + += = = Aulzhausen = = = +Aulzhausen is a village in the municipality of Affing near Augsburg (8 km) in Aichach-Friedberg, in Swabia - Bavaria, southern Germany. +Geography. +Aulzhausen is on State Road 2035 (Augsburg - Neuburg). It is about six kilometers away from the A8 motorway Augsburg-East or Augsburg Airport and about eight kilometers away from Augsburg. + += = = Derchinger Baggersee = = = +Derchinger Baggersee is a lake in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. At an elevation of 464 m, its surface area is 6 ha. + += = = Boana clepsydra = = = +The São Paulo tree frog ("Boana clepsydra") is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have seen it in only one place: the Serra da Bocaina in São Paulo. + += = = Alz = = = +The Alz is a river in Bavaria, southern Germany. Its origin is on the northern shore near Seebruck. It is a right tributary of the Inn, into which it flows in Marktl. Other towns on the Alz are Altenmarkt an der Alz, Trostberg, Garching an der Alz and Burgkirchen an der Alz. +The Alz is divided into the (upper Alz) and the (lower Alz). The section from the Chiemsee down to Altenmarkt is called the . The section from Altenmarkt to the center in Marktl is called the . +The Traun, a river flowing past the regional administrative center of Traunstein, is a tributary of the Alz. + += = = Cregneash = = = +Cregneash is a small village and tourist destination in the very south-west of the Isle of Man. It is about from Port Erin. Most of the village is now part of the Manx National Heritage. There are also a small number of private homes in the village, but they are made to maintain an older traditional look. The village speaks the Manx language. + += = = Johannes Diderik van der Waals = = = +Johannes Diderik van der Waals (; 23 November 1837 – 8 March 1923) was a Dutch theoretical physicist and thermodynamicist. He became famous for his pioneering work on the equation of state for gases and liquids. Van der Waals started his career as a school teacher. In 1877, he became the first physics professor of the University of Amsterdam. Van der Waals won the 1910 Nobel Prize in physics for his work on the equation of state for gases and liquids. +Things named after Van der Waals. +His name is primarily associated with the Van der Waals equation of state that describes the behavior of gases and their condensation to the liquid phase. His name is also associated with Van der Waals forces (forces between stable molecules), with Van der Waals molecules (small molecular clusters bound by Van der Waals forces), and with Van der Waals radii (sizes of molecules). As James Clerk Maxwell said, "there can be no doubt that the name of Van der Waals will soon be among the foremost in molecular science." +1873 thesis. +In his 1873 thesis, Van der Waals noted that real gases were not ideal: He thought this was because there are intermolecular interactions. He introduced the first equation of state derived by the assumption of a finite volume occupied by the constituent molecules. Spearheaded by Ernst Mach and Wilhelm Ostwald, a strong philosophical current that denied the existence of molecules arose towards the end of the 19th century. The molecular existence was considered unproven and the molecular hypothesis unnecessary. At the time Van der Waals's thesis was written (1873), the molecular structure of fluids had not been accepted by most physicists, and liquid and vapor were often considered as chemically distinct. But Van der Waals's work affirmed the reality of molecules and allowed an assessment of their size and attractive strength. His new formula revolutionized the study of equations of state. By comparing his equation of state with experimental data, Van der Waals was able to obtain estimates for the actual size of molecules and the strength of their mutual attraction. +Effects to molecular physics. +The effect of Van der Waals's work on molecular physics in the 20th century was direct and fundamental. By introducing parameters characterizing molecular size and attraction in constructing his equation of state, Van der Waals set the tone for modern molecular science. That molecular aspects such as size, shape, attraction, and multipolar interactions should form the basis for mathematical formulations of the thermodynamic and transport properties of fluids is presently considered an axiom. With the help of the Van der Waals's equation of state, the critical-point parameters of gases could be accurately predicted from thermodynamic measurements made at much higher temperatures. Nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and helium subsequently succumbed to liquefaction. Heike Kamerlingh Onnes was significantly influenced by the pioneering work of Van der Waals. In 1908, Onnes became the first to make liquid helium; this led directly to his 1911 discovery of superconductivity. + += = = PS General Slocum = = = +The PS General Slocum was a ship. It was a steam ship. One June 15, 1904, it caught fire in the East River in New York. More than 1000 people died. +Making. +The PS Slocum was built in 1891. It had a sidewheel system. It was a paddle boat. It was a passenger ship. The Solcum was built to take as many as 2500 passengers. It had 2500 life vests. In May 1904, a fire inspector looked at the ship and said its fire stopping tools were in "fine working order." +Disaster. +St. Mark's Evangelical Lutheran Church was on the Lower East Side of Manhattan island. It was in a German-American neighborhood called "Kleindeutschland", or "Little Germany." The church paid the Knickerbocker Steamboat Company $350 for the General Slocum to take a special trip. The trip was to celebrate the end of the school year. Not everyone who came on the trip was German-American. Churchgoers invited their friends and neighbors to come too. Most people wore their best clothes. The people on the boat planned to go to Locust Grove on Long Island's North Shore for the day. They brought baskets of food for picnics. There were 1,358 people on the boat in total, passengers and crew. Most of the passengers were women and children. +The ship left Manhattan at 9:00 a.m. Before 9:30, something on the ship began to burn. The ship caught fire. People had to decide whether to burn on the boat or jump into the water. Most people in 1904 New York could not swim. The clothes people wore in 1904 New York became very heavy when they got wet, so even people who could swim a little were pulled down into the river. +The crew tried to put out the fire with fire hoses. But the hoses were old and broke apart. There were life vests on the ship, but they were so old that they only sank into the water. They had been made with cork, but the cork had turned to powder. The life boats were old and could not float. The crew had not done any fire drills. The crew did not know what to do when the passengers became frightened. +The captain, William Henry Van Schaick, tried to find a place to land, and he chose North Brother Island a mile away. He made the ship move very fast. This made the fire worse. +Some people saw the fire and tried to help. Tug boats came to the ship. The people tried to pull people from the General Slocum out of the water. Mostly, they found dead bodies, but the people on the tug boats pulled dozens of living people out of the water. A ship from the New York Yacht Club came near the General Slocum, but the man on it only watched. +The ship came to North Brother Island. The island had a hospital on it for people with typhoid. The people in the hospital blew their fire whistle. They brought hoses and equipment to put out the fire. Nurses threw ropes and anything that would float to people in the water. Some nurses jumped into the water and swam to pull people out. But the fire was very hot and many people burned to death. +321 people lived. 1021 died. This was the highest number of dead people from one thing in New York City until the September 11 attacks in 2001. The river water washed dead bodies onto the ground for days. +Blame and trial. +People are not sure how the fire started, but it could have been from a match or cigarette falling onto some hay. +Frank A. Barnaby, the President of the Knickerbocker Steamboat Company, said the captain and crew had done well. +People said Captain Van Schaick decided not to steer the ship back to the city when the fire started. They said this was because of insurance. But it may not be true. Van Schaick steered the ship toward North Brother Island. Van Schaick said this was because he would have had to land the ship near 130th street near the Bronx, which had wood yards and gas tanks. +Captain Van Shaick was put on trial in a United States Circuit Court for criminal negligence. On Janaury 27, 1906, he was found guilty. They said the disaster was his fault because he did not make the crew do fire drills. Judge Thomas sentenced him to 10 years hard labor. The Knickerbocker Steamboat Company was not punished. +Van Schaick went to Sing Sing prison. His wife asked President William Howard Taft to pardon him. Taft did in 1911. +Communities. +The German-American community in Manhattan changed after the disaster. Many people whose families had died killed themselves or were so sad that it became an illness. The Jewish-American and Italian-American communities lost many people too. There is a marble monument to the people who died in Tompkins Square Park. The Sympathy Society of German Ladies put it there in 1906. +Because most of the people on the boat were women and children, many German-American men suddenly had no wives or children. Many of them moved north to be nearer the place where their families had died. Soon, there was a German-American neighborhood on the Upper East Side. The Kleindeutschland neighborhood faded away. New people from Poland and Russia came to live there instead. + += = = 1985 FIFA U-16 World Championship = = = +The 1985 FIFA U-16 World Championship was an association football tournament held by FIFA. The 1985 World Championship was the first edition of the tournament. It was held in the cities of Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Dalian in People's Republic of China. The tournament took place from July 31, 1985, to August 11, 1985. To play in the tournament, players had to have been born after August 1, 1968. U-16 means age 16 years or under. +The tournament was won by Nigeria. They beat West Germany in the finals. Brazil and Guinea finished third and fourth. + += = = Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena = = = +Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena (formerly: "Chocó-Darién-Western Ecuador Hotspot") is a biodiversity hotspot which extends from easternmost Panama to the lower Magdalena Valley of Colombia. + += = = Stockfish = = = +Stockfish is the product of drying fish. In many northern countries, fish is dried to make it last longer without going bad. The dried fish is put on wooden racks, It is exposed to air and wind. No salt is used. The wooden racks are called "hjell" in Norway. They are located on the foreshore. +The drying of food is the world's oldest known preservation method. Dried fish have a storage life of several years. The method is cheap and effective in suitable climates; the work can be done by the fisherman and family. The resulting product is easily taken to a market to be sold. + += = = Herbert Benson = = = +Herbert Benson (April 24, 1935 – February 3, 2022), was an American medical doctor, cardiologist, and founder of the Mind/Body Medical Institute at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). He was a professor of mind/body medicine at Harvard Medical School and director emeritus of the Benson-Henry Institute (BHI) at MGH. +Benson died from heart disease and kidney failure at a hospital in Boston, Massachusetts on February 3, 2022, at the age of 86. + += = = Hans Neuenfels = = = +Hans Neuenfels (31 May 1941 – 6 February 2022) was a German writer, poet, movie producer, librettist, theatre director, and opera director. He was born in Krefeld, Germany. He directed plays for Oper Frankfurt and Deutsche Oper Berlin. +Neuenfels has been criticised for creating extremely sexually opera scenes. +Neuenfels died on 6 February 2022 in Berlin, aged 80. + += = = Noel Allanson = = = +Noel Laurence Allanson (25 December 1925 – 7 February 2022) was an Australian rules footballer. He played with Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL) between 1947 until 1951 and also played cricket for Victoria in Sheffield Shield. He was born in Carleton, Victoria. +Allanson died on 7 February 2022, at the age of 96. + += = = Margarita Lozano = = = +Margarita de las Flores Lozano Jiménez (14 February 1931 – 7 February 2022) was a Spanish actress. Her best known roles were in "Viridiana", "A Fistful of Dollars", "Pigsty", "The Night of the Shooting Stars", "Kaos", "Good Morning Babylon", "La messa è finita", "Jean de Florette" and "Manon des Sources". +Lozano died on 7 February 2022 in Lorca, Spain, one week before her 91st birthday. + += = = Cyclone Batsirai = = = +Intense Tropical Cyclone Batsirai was a powerful tropical cyclone that hit Madagascar. Batsirai formed on 24 January 2022. It became a moderate tropical storm on 27 January, after which it became an intense tropical cyclone. +20 deaths have been reported in the country. + += = = English Braille = = = +English Braille is the English variation of Braille. It uses dots to show letters, and is most often used by blind people. +Braille was made by Louis Braille in 1824. + += = = Cyprus (disambiguation) = = = +Cyprus may refer to: + += = = Longsheng, Guangxi = = = +Longsheng () is a town in Longsheng Various Nationalities Autonomous County, Guangxi, China. As of 2018 it had a population of 37,000 and an area of . + += = = Kerbal Space Program 2 = = = +Kerbal Space Program 2 is a space flight simulation video game. It is a sequel to Kerbal Space Program, and was released into early access on February 24th, 2023. + += = = Navy bean = = = +The navy bean, haricot, pearl haricot bean, Boston bean, white pea bean, or pea bean is a variety of the common bean ("Phaseolus vulgaris") native to the Americas, where it was first domesticated. It is a dry white bean that is smaller than many other types of white beans, and has an oval, slightly flattened shape. It features in such dishes as baked beans, various soups such as Senate bean soup, and even pies. +The green bean plants that produce navy beans may be either of the bush type or vining type, depending on which cultivar they are. +History. +The name "Navy bean" is an American term coined because the US Navy has served the beans as a staple to its sailors since the mid-1800s. +In Australia, navy bean production began during World War II when it became necessary to find an economical way of supplying a nutritious food to the many troops—especially American troops—based in Queensland. The United States military maintained a large base in Kingaroy and had many bases and camps throughout south-east Queensland. It actively encouraged the widespread planting of the beans. Kingaroy is known as the Baked Bean Capital of Australia. Another popular name for the bean during this time was "the Yankee bean". +Cultivars. +Navy bean cultivars include: +Other white beans. +Other varieties of white beans include: +Nutritional value. +White beans are the most abundant plant-based source of phosphatidylserine (PS) yet known. It contains notably high levels of apigenin, , which vary widely among legumes. +Consumption of baked beans has been shown to lower total cholesterol levels and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. This might be at least partly explained by the high saponin content of navy beans. Saponins also exhibit antibacterial and anti-fungal activity, and have been found to inhibit cancer cell growth. Furthermore, navy beans are the richest source of ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid among the common bean varieties. +Storage and safety. +Dried and canned beans stay fresh longer by storing them in a pantry or other cool, dark place under . With normal seed storage, seeds should last from one to four years for replanting, with a very large timetable for cooking for well-kept seeds, nearing on indefinite. Avoid beans that are discolored from the pure white color of these beans, as they may have been poorly handled while they dried. + += = = Longsheng Various Nationalities Autonomous County = = = +Longsheng Various Nationalities (Gezu) Autonomous County (; ; usually referred to as "Longsheng County" ) is a county in the northeast of Guangxi, China. The north of the county borders to Hunan Province to the north. It is under the administration of Guilin City. The county covers . As of 2019 it had a census registered population of 186,000. The county has six towns and four townships under its jurisdiction, the county seat is the town of Longsheng. +Gallery. +<br> + += = = Cingulate cortex = = = +The cingulate cortex is a part of the brain in the middle of the cerebral cortex. The two parts of the cingulate cortex are the cingulate gyrus and the cingulate sulcus. The cingulate cortex is above the corpus callosum. +Connections. +The cingulate cortex is connected to many other parts of the brain. It gets input from the thalamus and the neocortex. Neurons send information from the cingulate cortex to the entorhinal cortex. +Importance. +The cingulate cortex is a part of the limbic system. It is important for emotions, learning, and memory. The cingulate gyrus is very important for learning from the result of actions (eg. a child did an action that caused a bad outcome, so the child learned to not do that action). The cingulate cortex is also important in depression and schizophrenia. + += = = Fandango (1985 movie) = = = +Fandango is a 1985 American road comedy movie directed by Kevin Reynolds and starring Kevin Costner, Suzy Amis, Judd Nelson, Sam Robards, Chuck Bush, Glenne Headly, E. G. Dailly. It was distributed by Warner Bros.. + += = = Transformice = = = +Transformice is a massively multiplayer online game that is available to play online. It is also a platform game and is free-to-play. It was created by Tigrounette and Melibellule on May 1, 2010. "Transformice" needs either a web browser running Adobe Flash Player 9.0+, Adobe AIR to use the official standalone or Steam to play the game. In 2012, the game had 10 million accounts, 60 million in 2015, 70 million in 2017, and 100 million in 2019. +Gameplay. +The aim of the game is to collect the cheese as a mouse and take it back to the mouse hole. Players control the mouse with the arrow keys. +When a player gets the highest score on the scoreboard, they will become a shaman on the next map. The shaman helps other players get the cheese and bring it back to the hole. The shaman can make objects such as planks, boxes, anvils and balloons to create structures. +Cheese can be used to buy clothes for the mouse. +Players can win rewards such as titles, badges and clothes by completing tasks. +Game modes. +"Transformice" has different game modes. +Transformice. +This is the normal mode of "Transformice". It has maps mostly made by players. +Vanilla. +Vanilla is very similar to "Transformice". It only has official maps. +Survivor. +In this mode, the shaman tries to kill the mice using cannonballs. +Racing. +In this mode, players compete to finish maps as fast as possible. Shortcuts help finish the map quickly. +Bootcamp. +Bootcamp levels are very hard. +Defilante. +The map moves horizontally and players must keep up with it. There are points around the map and mice must collect as many as possible before getting the cheese and entering the hole. +Module. +This mode has minigames made by other players using a programming language called Lua. There are over 40 official modules and over 70 semi-official modules. +Village. +There is no objective in this game mode. The map looks like a village, with several non-player characters. Players use the village to chat, roleplay or trade. +Development. +The game was created by Melibellule (real name Mélanie Christin) and Tigrounette (real name Jean-Baptiste Le Marchand). They met at work and became friends. Tigrounette had experience making games in the past and wanted Melibellule to make the artwork. Melibellule came up with the idea of a little mouse who had to get cheese and bring it back to the mouse hole as quickly as possible. +After quitting their jobs, Melibellule and Tigrounette created the gaming company Atelier 801. They later made the games "Run for Cheese!", "Bouboum", "Nekodancer", "Fortoresse", "Dead Maze" and "Tomb Rumble". A sequel called "Transformice Adventures" is being made. + += = = Vred = = = +Vred is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,357 people lived there. + += = = Domeykosaurus = = = +Domeykosaurus (meaning "Domeyko lizard", after 19th century scientist Ignacy Domeyko) is a genus of dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous. It was a sauropod, more specifically a Titanosaur Its fossils were found in Chile by paleontologists David Rubilar and Alexander Vargas in 2003. At 40 percent complete, the Domeykosaurus fossil is the most complete example of any dinosaur found in Chile. +Domeykosaurus was 25 feet long and 6.5 feet wide, with the long neck and tail typical of titanosaurs. It was uncharacteristically gracile, with more slender limbs than are usually associated with its type. Paleontologists speculate that the herbivore most likely ate such plants as the extant genus Araucaria, also known as the "Monkey Puzzle Tree", which is native to the area. + += = = Alice Moretti = = = +Alice Moretti (19 June 1921 – 6 February 2022) was a Swiss politician. She was a member of the Free Democratic Party of Switzerland. Moretti was on the Grand Council of Ticino from 1971 to 1987. She was born in Melide, Switzerland. +Moretti died in Paradiso, Switzerland on 6 February 2022 at the age of 100. + += = = Praveen Kumar Sobti = = = +Praveen Kumar Sobti (6 December 1947 – 7 February 2022) was an Indian hammer and discus thrower, actor and politician. Sobti was born in Punjab, India. +As an athlete he won four medals at the Asian Games, including two gold medals, won a silver medal in the Commonwealth Games and competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics. As an actor, he was known for his role as Bheem in "Mahabharat". +As a politician he ran in the 2013 Delhi Legislative elections on an Aam Aadmi Party ticket, but lost. In 2014, he joined the Bharatiya Janata Party. +Sobti died on 7 February 2022 in New Delhi, India from cardiac arrest, aged 74. + += = = From Hell (movie) = = = +From Hell is a 2001 American Czech period horror thriller movie directed by The Hughes Brothers and was based on the graphic novel of the same name by Alan Moore and Eddie Campbell. It stars Johnny Depp, Heather Graham, Ian Holm, Ian Richardson, Robbie Coltrane, Jason Flemyng, Annabelle Apsion, Lesley Sharp, Susan Lynch, Paul Rhys, Ian McNeice, David Schofield, Bruce Byron and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Ivan Hudec = = = +Ivan Hudec (10 July 1947 – 7 February 2022) was a Slovak writer and politician. He was a member of the People's Party – Movement for a Democratic Slovakia. He was Minister of Culture from 1994 to 1998. Hudec was born in Nitra, Czechoslovakia. +Hudec died in Bratislava, Slovakia on 7 February 2022, at the age of 74. + += = = Boris Deich = = = +Borys Davidovich Deich (; 28 August 1938 – 7 February 2022) was a Romanian-born Ukrainian politician. He was a member of the Party of Regions. He was in the Verkhovna Rada from 2002 until 2014. Deich was born in Sighetu Marmației, Romania. He supported Russia's actions towards Crimea in Ukraine. +Deich died on 7 February 2022 in Moscow, Russia from COVID-19, aged 83. + += = = Zdzisław Jan Ryn = = = +Zdzisław Jan Ryn (21 October 1938 – 6 February 2022) was a Polish politician. He was the Ambassador to Chile from 1991 to 1997. He was also the Ambassador to Argentina from 2007 to 2008. Ryn was born in Szczyrk, Poland. +Ryn died in Kraków, Poland on 6 February 2022, at the age of 83. + += = = Robert Blalack = = = +Robert Blalack (December 9, 1948 – February 2, 2022) was a Panamanian-born American mass-media visual artist and producer. He won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects for his work on the original "Star Wars". He won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Special Visual Effects for his work on the television movie "The Day After". Blalack was born in Panama City, Panama. +Blalack died on February 2, 2022 in Paris, France from problems caused by cancer, aged 73. + += = = Co Adriaanse = = = +Jacobus "Co" Adriaanse (born 21 July 1947) is a Dutch football manager. As player he played as centre-back for De Volewijckers anf FC Utrecht. +Playing career. +Adriaanse played six seasons with (now dissolved) De Volewijckers (1964 until 1970) and also six seasons with Utrecht (1970 until 1976). +Managerial career. +Early career. +Adriaanse began his managing career with Zilvermeeuwen in 1979for four years and then went to AZ as scout and youth trainer. Then he coached PEC Zwolle and FC Den Haag for four seasons each. He then managed the youth side of Ajax, for five seasons. +Willem II. +In 1997 he became manager of Willem II. The team finished in fifth place and had wins over Feyenoord (2–0) and defending champions PSV (4–1). The fifth place was the first qualification for European football since 1963. In the 1998–99 UEFA Cup they reached round 2 but lost to Betis Sevilla. After the team did not reach another European competition, Adriaans resigned in 2000. +Ajax. +Adriaanse returned to Ajax as manager and reached a third place but was sacked early in the next season because of poor results. +AZ. +In November 2002 Adriaanse was signed to AZ. In the first season they finished tenth, in the next fifth . They qualified for the UEFA Cup 2004-05. There they reached the semi-finals but lost to Sporting Clube de Portugal. In the Eredivisiethey finished third. +Porto. +On 24 May 2005 Adriaanse was presented as the new manager of Portuguese club Porto. In the first season as Porto coach, he achieved the double for the first time since Jose Mourinho left the club. +Metalurh Donetsk. +On 9 August 2006 Adriaanse resigned as manager of Porto. In December 2006 he became coach of FC Metalurh Donetsk. On 17 May 2007 he resigned as manager of Metalurh Donetsk. +Al-Sadd Sports Club. +On 27 August 2007 Adriaanse became manager of Al-Sadd but resigned as coach on 28 January 2008. +Red Bull Salzburg. +On 13 March 2008 Adriaanse signed with the Austrian champion Red Bull Salzburg. He left the club after the end of the season finishing with the team as champion. +Qatar Olympic team. +2010 he became manager of the Qatar Olympic team. His Middle East stint, however, lasted only 14 months, as his contract was terminated by mutual consent in March 2011. +Twente. +On 20 June 2011 he was named manager. In his first official match with the club, Adriaanse won the Johan Cruyff Shield against his former team Ajax. In January 2012 the contract was dissolved by Twente. +2014-15 Adriaanse was technical advisor at Utrecht. At the end of the season he left. +Honours. +Porto +Red Bull Salzburg +Twente +Individual + += = = Leirpollen = = = +Leirpollen or Store Leirpollen (North Sami: "Juovlavuotna") is a branch (Norwegian: fjordarm) of the Tana Fjord in Tana (municipality); Leirpollen is 5.5 kilometer long. + += = = WBC = = = +WBC may refer to: + += = = Greater Lowell = = = +Greater Lowell is the name given to the city of Lowell, Massachusetts and its suburbs are found in Middlesex County. As of the 2010 census, 299,550 people lived there. + += = = IBC = = = +IBC may refer to: + += = = Life Below Zero = = = +Life Below Zero is an American documentary television series about some subsistence hunters in Alaska. The show is produced by BBC Studios, and is shown on National Geographic. +In 2020, its fourteenth season [... started]. +The show has won some Emmy Awards - seven as of 2022. + += = = Aidan Gallanger = = = +Aidan Gallagher (born 18 September 2003) is an American actor known for his role as Number Five in the Netflix television show Umbrella Academy +. He has also played Nicky Harper in the Nickelodeon television show Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn. + += = = Paul Wesley = = = +Paul Wesley (born 23 July 1982) is an American actor and movie director. He is mostly known for playing Stefan Salvatore in CW's television series The Vampire Diaries. + += = = Boana claresignata = = = +The Rio tree frog or thigh-barred tree frog ("Bokermannohyla claresignata") is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have seen it in the Serra do Mar. + += = = Okakarara Constituency = = = +Okakarara Constituency is a constituency in the Otjozondjupa Region of Namibia. It 21,336 people living there. The administrative town is the settlement of Okakarara. +Politics. +Okakarara is one of the few Namibian constituencies that are dominated by government opposition party. The 2015 regional election was won by Vetaruhe Kandorozu of the National Unity Democratic Organisation with 3,628 votes, followed by Jonathan Tjakuva of SWAPO with 2,126 votes and Abdal Mutjavikua of the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance with 1,702 votes. Mujazu Urika of the SWANU gained 100 votes. + += = = Per Osland = = = +Per Osland is a Norwegian physicist specializing in theoretical particle physics. He is a professor emeritus at the University of Bergen. +Education and career. +Osland earned a degree in physics from the Norwegian Institute of Technology in 1968, and completed a Ph.D. at the University of Trondheim in 1975. He became a professor at the University of Bergen in 1987. +Book. +He is the coauthor with Roy J. Glauber of the book Asymptotic Diffraction Theory and Nuclear Scattering. + += = = Hage = = = +Hage (East Frisian: Haag) is a small East Frisian town in Lower Saxony, Germany. Placed in the district of Aurich close to the North Sea, it is about 5 km east of Norden. Hage is also the seat of the "Samtgemeinde" ("collective municipality") Hage. + += = = Hage (Samtgemeinde) = = = +Hage is a "Samtgemeinde" ("collective municipality") in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the municipality Hage. +The "Samtgemeinde" Hage has the following municipalities: + += = = Hagermarsch = = = +Hagermarsch is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Halbemond = = = +Halbemond is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is home to the Motodrom Halbemond, one of Europe's largest speedway stadiums. + += = = Hinte = = = +Hinte is a village and a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about 20 km south of Norden, and 6 km north of Emden. + += = = Ihlow = = = +Ihlow () is a village and a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about 8 km southwest of Aurich, and 15 km east of Emden. + += = = Juist = = = +Juist () () is an island and municipality in Aurich in Lower Saxony in Germany. The island is one of seven East Frisian Islands at the edge of the Lower Saxon Wadden Sea in the southern North Sea. It is between Borkum Island (west), Memmert Island (southwest) and Norderney (east). The island is long and from to wide, depending on the tide levels. There are two villages on the island: the main village Juist, and Loog. The island is separated from Norderney by the Norderneyer Seegatt. + += = = Krummhörn = = = +Krummhörn is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is near the Ems estuary, about 15 km southwest of Norden, and 10 km northwest of Emden. +The community (Gemeinde) of Krummhörn has 19 villages: + += = = Freepsum = = = +Freepsum is a village in the municipality of Krummhörn in Aurich in East Frisia in North Germany. It is about ten kilometres northwest of the seaport of Emden. + += = = Greetsiel = = = +Greetsiel is a small port in western East Frisia, Germany. Since 1972, Greetsiel has been part of the municipality of Krummhörn, which has its administrative seat in Pewsum. The nearest railway station is at Emden, about away, and the two towns are linked by a bus service. +Geography. +Greetsiel is on the Leybucht, a small bay on the East Frisian coast. The distance to the nearest towns of Emden and Norden is to the north and south respectively. + += = = Groothusen = = = +Groothusen is in the municipality of Krummhörn in western East Frisia on Germany's North Sea coast. It is about 15 kilometres northwest of the seaport of Emden. + += = = Loquard = = = +Loquard is an old village, now part of Krummhörn in Ostfriesland in Germany. It is part of the Aurich rural governmental district. + += = = Pewsum = = = +Pewsum is a village in the municipality of Krummhörn (Aurich) in the west of East Frisia. Pewsum is both the administrative seat as well as the trade and craft centre for the municipality. The village is at a height of . + += = = Rysum = = = +Rysum is a village 15 kilometers west of Emden in the region of East Frisia, Germany. + += = = Upleward = = = +Upleward is a village in the municipality of Krummhörn in Aurich in East Frisia in north Germany. It is about ten kilometres northwest of Emden, on the North Sea. In 2012, 395 people lived there. + += = = A Grand Day Out = = = +A Grand Day Out with Wallace and Gromit, later marketed as A Grand Day Out, is a 1989 British Clay animation|stop-motion animated short film starring Wallace and Gromit. It was directed, co-written, and animated by Nick Park at the National Film and Television School in Beaconsfield and Aardman Animations in Bristol. + += = = 1985 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +The 1985 FIFA World Youth Championship, the fifth edition of the FIFA World Youth Championship, was held in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 24 August to 7 September 1985. The tournament took place in ten venues within eight host cities — Baku, Yerevan, Leningrad, Minsk (2 stadiums), Moscow, Hoktemberyan, Tbilisi (2 stadiums) and Sumqayit — where a total of 32 matches were played. The winner was Brazil, which managed to retain the title, by beating Spain by 1–0, in the final played at Moscow's Luzhniki Stadium. + += = = Sopa de cação = = = +Sopa de cação () is a dish of Portuguese cuisine. It originated from Alentejo. + += = = Joseph Morgan = = = +Joseph Morgan is a British actor. He is mostly known for his role as Klaus Mikaelson in The Vampire Diaries and The Originals. + += = = Okahandja Constituency = = = +Okahandja Constituency is an electoral constituency in the Otjozondjupa Region of Namibia. It had 18,155 people living there in 2004 and 18,109 voters . The constituency is made of the town of Okahandja and the surrounding rural area. +Politics. +The 2015 regional election was won by Steve Biko Booys of the SWAPO Party with 3,280 votes. Independent candidate Welfriedt Groeitjie Goaseb gained 501 votes. +The SWAPO candidate also won the 2020 regional election. Bethuel Tjaveondja received 2,451 votes, more than Frisia Ambondja of the Independent Patriots for Change (IPC), a party formed in August 2020, which got 1,057 votes. Other people ran, such as Belinda Garoes of the United Democratic Front (UDF, 599 votes), Willem Veiko of the Popular Democratic Movement (PDM, the new name of the DTA, 350 votes), and Tjitee Mujoro of the Landless People's Movement (LPM, a new party registered in 2018, 332 votes). + += = = Calo = = = +Calo, Caló, or Calò may refer to: +People: +Calo, Calones + += = = The Chain Reaction = = = +The Chain Reaction is a 1980 Australian science fiction action movie directed by Ian Berry and starring Steve Bisley, Hugh Keays-Byrne, Lorna Lesley, Patrick Ward, Richard Moir, Mel Gibson. + += = = Oxyrhynchus hymn = = = +The Oxyrhynchus hymn is a Christian Greek religious song with lyrics and musical notation from the 3rd century AD. The hymn was written on a manuscript that was discovered in 1918 in modern Egypt, published in 1922, and now preserved in Oxford University. +Description. +The lyrics of the Oxyrhynchus hymn were written in the Greek language. They use poetry to summon silence in praise of the Holy Trinity, a motif of ancient Greek hymns called "cosmic stillness". The music of the Oxychynchus hymn is composed in Greek vocal notation. Overall, the Oxyrhynchus hymn illustrates the historical continuity of Greek culture where educated Christian Greeks accepted and used the musical notation of their ancient Greek ancestors. Also, it is the only surviving piece of Christian Greek music from the first 400 years of Christianity. +Text. +The Phos Hilaron and the Oxyrhynchus hymn are the earliest existing Greek hymns used in Christian worship, but are not based on the Bible. + += = = Music of Greece = = = +The music of Greece is the tradition of music developed by the Greeks as a nation throughout their history. It is divided into three parts: ancient Greek, medieval Greek (or Byzantine), and modern Greek. Different regions of Greece have different variations of Greek music. + += = = Johnny Raper = = = +John William Raper (12 April 1939 – 9 February 2022), also nicknamed "Chook", was an Australian rugby league player and coach. He was a lock-forward. He played for the St George Dragons. From 1959 to 1966, he won eight premierships in a row with the Dragons. Raper was born in Revesby, Sydney, New South Wales. +For the Australia national team, Raper had a record 33 Test caps between 1959 and 1968. He played in six World Cup games between 1960 and 1968. He captained Australia eight times in 1967–68. He has since been named as one of the nation's best rugby league players of the 20th century. He was named an "Immortal" in 1981. +Raper died due to dementia on 9 February 2022 in Caringbah, Sydney. He was 82. + += = = A Piece of Sky (1980 movie) = = = +A Piece of Sky ( A Slap in the Face) (; ) is a 1980 Armenian romantic comedy movie directed by Henrik Malyan and starring Frunzik Mkrtchyan, Sofiko Chiaureli, Ashot Adamyan, Galina Belyayeva, Galya Novents, Azat Sherents. + += = = Canada convoy protest = = = +Freedom Convoy () was a protest in Canada against COVID-19 vaccine requirements for truckers to re-enter the country by land. The protests began with many truck drivers from all provinces coming together against the vaccine mandate and Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on January 22, 2022. On January 29, 2022, truckers and other vaccine protestors started rally at Parliament Hill in Ottawa. +The protest continued into February. Protesters have stated that they will not leave until all COVID-19 restrictions and mandates have been removed with some wanting the federal government to be overthrown. +Some politicians and media sources raised concerns that organizers and groups involved with the protest have had connections with "white nationalism, racism, Islamophobia, the QAnon conspiracy theory, and far-right groups that support violence". +On February 14, 2022 Prime Minister Trudeau announced he would use the Emergencies Act to stop the protests, making it the first time that the act has been used in Canadian history. + += = = State of emergency = = = +A state of emergency is when a government is able to put through policies that it would normally not be able to do, for the safety and protection of its citizens. A government can declare a state of emergency during a natural disaster, violent protests, medical pandemic or epidemic or other biosecurity risk. +States of emergency can also be used as a reason for ending certain rights and freedoms given under a country's constitution or basic law, sometimes through martial law. + += = = Sylvanus Olympio = = = +Sylvanus Olympio was the first president of Togo. He served as Togo first president from 1961 to 1963. Unfortunately, he was assassinated. + += = = Götz Werner = = = +Götz Wolfgang Werner (5 February 1944 – 8 February 2022) was a German businessman. He was a popular support for universal basic income. In 2013, his net worth was said to be around €1.1 billion, making him the 109th-richest German. +Werner died in Stuttgart, Germany on 8 February 2022, three days after his 78th birthday. + += = = David Rudman (wrestler) = = = +David Rudman (April 13, 1943 – February 8, 2022) was a Russian-American wrestler, Sambo world champion, and judo European champion. He won two gold medals at the European Judo Championships in 1969 and 1970. + += = = Ricky Hunter = = = +Charles B. Sprott (March 1, 1936 – February 8, 2022) was a Canadian professional wrestler. He was better known by his ring names Ricky Hunter and the masked wrestler The Gladiator. He was best known for his title-winning success in Championship Wrestling from Florida in the late 1960s, and for his appearances from the mid-1980s in the World Wrestling Federation (now WWE). Hunter was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. +Hunter died on February 8, 2022 in Clearwater, Florida, at the age of 85. + += = = Alondra Nelson = = = +Alondra Nelson (born 1968) is an American writer and academic. Nelson is the Acting Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy since 2022. She is the Harold F. Linder Chair and Professor in the School of Social Science at the Institute for Advanced Study. She currently serves as Deputy Director for Science and Society in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) under the Joe Biden administration since 2021. +From 2017 until 2021, she was president of the Social Science Research Council. She was a professor of sociology at Columbia University in the City of New York. + += = = Boris Furmanov = = = +Boris Furmanov (; 17 December 1936 – 8 February 2022) was a Russian politician. He was Minister of Architecture, Construction, and Housing from 1991 to 1992. +Furmanov died on 8 February 2022, at the age of 85. + += = = Leonid Filimonov = = = +Leonid Filimonov (; 22 July 1935 – 8 February 2022) was a Russian politician. He was a member of the Communist Party. He was Minister of Oil and Gas from 1989 to 1991. He also was in the Federation Council from 1994 to 1996 and in the Legislative Duma of Tomsk Oblast from 1997 to 2001. +Filimonov died on 8 February 2022, at the age of 86. + += = = Borivoj Dovniković = = = +Borivoj Dovniković (12 December 1930 – 8 February 2022) was a Croatian movie director and animator. He was a member of the Zagreb school of animated films style. From 1977 to 1982 he was a member of the International Animated Film Association and was a board member of Animafest Zagreb festival. +Dovniković died in Zagreb on 8 February 2022, at the age of 91. + += = = Javier Berasaluce = = = +Javier Berasaluce Marquiegui (4 January 1931 – 8 February 2022) was a Spanish footballer. He played as a goalkeeper. He played in La Liga with Deportivo Alavés, Real Madrid and Racing de Santander. His career began in 1951 and he retired in 1963. +Berasaluce died on 8 February 2022, at the age of 91. + += = = Sérgio Barcelos = = = +Sérgio Cerqueira Barcelos (4 October 1943 – 8 February 2022) was a Brazilian politician. He was a member of the Democrats. He was in the Chamber of Deputies from 1991 to 2003. Barcelos was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. +Barcelos died in João Pessoa, Brazil from cardiac arrest caused by heart surgery on 8 February 2022, at the age of 78. + += = = Arnaldo Arocha = = = +Arnaldo Horacio Arocha Vargas (10 September 1936 – 8 February 2022) was a Venezuelan politician. He was a member of Copei. He was Governor of Miranda from 1971 to 1974 and again from 1990 to 1995. He also was in the Venezuelan Chamber of Deputies from 1969 to 1974 and again from 1984 to 1989. Arocha was born in Charallave, Venezuela. +Arocha died on 8 February 2022, at the age of 85. + += = = William H. Folwell = = = +William Hopkins Folwell (October 26, 1924 – February 7, 2022) was an American Episcopal prelate. He was the Bishop of Central Florida from 1970 until 1989. He was made a deacon in 1952. Folwell was born in Port Washington, New York. +Folwell died on February 7, 2022 at the age of 97. + += = = Zbigniew Namysłowski = = = +Zbigniew Jacek Namysłowski (9 September 1939 – 7 February 2022) was a Polish jazz alto saxophonist, flautist, cellist, trombonist, pianist and composer. He was born in Warsaw, Poland. He worked on the Krzysztof Komeda album "Astigmatic" recorded in 1965. +Namysłowski died on 7 February 2022 in Warsaw at the age of 82. + += = = Douglas Trumbull = = = +Douglas Hunt Trumbull (; April 8, 1942 – February 7, 2022) was an American movie director, special effects supervisor, and inventor. He was known for his special photographic effects of ', "Close Encounters of the Third Kind", ', "Blade Runner" and "The Tree of Life". He directed the movies "Silent Running" and "Brainstorm". Trumbull was born in Los Angeles, California. In 1979, he won a Saturn Award. +Trumbull died at a hospital in Albany, New York on February 7, 2022 from a stroke caused by brain cancer at the age of 79. + += = = Angiolo Bandinelli = = = +Angiolo Bandinelli (21 March 1927 – 6 February 2022) was an Italian Radical Party politician. He was in the Chamber of Deputies from 1986 to 1987. He was born in Chianciano Terme, Kingdom of Italy. +Bandinelli died on 6 February 2022, at the age of 94. + += = = Chianciano Terme = = = +Chianciano Terme is a "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany. It is located about southeast of Florence and about southeast of Siena. + += = = Frank McAtamney = = = +Francis Stevens McAtamney (15 May 1934 – 6 February 2022) was a New Zealand rugby union player. He was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, in 1956 and 1957, playing in the prop position. He was born in Middlemarch, New Zealand. +McAtamney died on 6 February 2022 in Geraldine, New Zealand at the age of 87. + += = = Ryszard Kubiak = = = +Ryszard Kubiak (22 March 1950 – 6 February 2022) was a Polish rowing coxswain. He competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics, in the 1976 Summer Olympics, and in the 1980 Summer Olympics. He was born in Bydgoszcz, Poland. He finished in sixth place in 1972 and 1976; however Kubiak won a bronze medal in 1980. +Kubiak died on 6 February 2022, at the age of 71. + += = = Mavie Bardanzellu = = = +Maria Vittoria "Mavie" Bardanzellu (6 April 1938 – 5 February 2022) was an Italian actress. She was born in Luras, Sardinia, Kingdom of Italy. Her best known roles were in "A Question of Honour", "Menage all'italiana", "Carogne si nasce", "Silvia e l' amore" and "Silvia e l’amore". +Bardanzellu died on 5 February 2022, at the age of 83. + += = = Paul Overgaard = = = +Paul Philip Overgaard (February 15, 1930 – February 4, 2022) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican Party. Overgaard was a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1963 until 1969 and of the Minnesota Senate from 1971 until 1973. He was born in Albert Lea, Minnesota. +Overgaard died on February 4, 2022 in Albert Lea, just eleven days before his 92nd birthday. + += = = A Family at War = = = +A Family at War is a British drama television series that aired on ITV for 3 seasons and 52 episodes. It ran from 14 April, 1970 to 16 February, 1972 and starring Colin Douglas, Shelagh Fraser, Colin Campbell, Keith Drinkel, Barbara Flynn, Coral Atkins, David Dixon, John Nettles, Patrick Troughton, Margery Mason, Brett Usher. + += = = Nablus Governorate = = = +The Nablus Governorate ( "") is an administrative district of Palestine. It is located in the Central Highlands of the West Bank, 53 km north of Jerusalem. It covers the area around the city of Nablus, which is the governate's seat (capital). + += = = Zhang Jie (writer) = = = +Zhang Jie (, 27 April 1937 – 21 January 2022) was a Chinese novelist and short-story writer. She is one of China's first feminist fiction writers. Zhang's novel "Leaden Wings" was translated into German in 1982 and published in England in 1987 by Virago Press. She was awarded the Mao Dun Literature Prize in 1985 for "Leaden Wings" and in 2005 for "Without a Word", making her the first writer to receive the award twice. +Zhang died in New York on January 21, 2022, at the age of 84. + += = = Hale Trotter = = = +Hale Freeman Trotter (30 May 1931 – 17 January 2022) was a Canadian-American mathematician. He was known for the Lie–Trotter product formula, the Steinhaus–Johnson–Trotter algorithm, and the Lang–Trotter conjecture. He was born in Kingston, Ontario. +Trotter died in Princeton, New Jersey on 17 January 2022, aged 90. + += = = Hugo Steinhaus = = = +Władysław Hugo Dionizy Steinhaus (January 14, 1887 – February 25, 1972) was a Polish mathematician and educator. He was known for his Banach–Steinhaus theorem. After World War II Steinhaus played an important part in the creation of the mathematics department at Wrocław University. He is seen as one of the early founders of game theory and probability theory. + += = = Mikio Sato = = = + was a Japanese mathematician. He worked at Kyoto University. He won a Wolf Prize in 2003. He is known for his equations Bernstein–Sato polynomials, Sato–Tate conjecture, Algebraic analysis and the holonomic quantum field. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 1993. + += = = Rex Cawley = = = +Warren Jay "Rex" Cawley (July 6, 1940 – January 2022) was an American athlete. He won a gold medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He competed at the 400 m hurdles in 1964. Cawley was born in Highland Park, Michigan. +Cawley died in January 2022 at the age of 81. + += = = Azita Raji = = = +Azita Raji (, September 29, 1961 – February 8, 2022) was an Iranian-born American politician, banker, and philanthropist. She was nominated by President Barack Obama in October 2014 to serve as the United States Ambassador to Sweden. She was confirmed by the United States Senate in February 2016. Her term ended on January 20, 2017. +In 2016, Raji read Bob Dylan's letter to the Nobel Committee on his behalf in Stockholm, in recognition of Dylan being awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature. +Raji died on February 8, 2022 in California after a short-illness at the age of 60. + += = = Nobel Committee = = = +A Nobel Committee is a responsible for most of the work involved in selecting Nobel Prize winners. There are five Nobel Committees, one for each Nobel Prize. +Four of these committees (for prizes in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, and literature) are working bodies within their prize awarding. These four Nobel Committees only propose possible candidates, while the final decision is taken in a larger assembly. This assembly is made up of the entire academies for the prizes in physics, chemistry, and literature, as well as the 50 members of the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for the prize in physiology or medicine. + += = = Mark Brzezinski = = = +Mark Francis Brzezinski (born April 7, 1965) is an American lawyer. He is the United States Ambassador to Poland since 2022 during the Joe Biden administration. He was the United States Ambassador to Sweden from 2011 to 2015 during the Barack Obama administration. +His father was United States National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski and his sister is journalist and commentator Mika Brzezinski. + += = = Gerhard Roth = = = +Gerhard Roth (24 June 1942 – 8 February 2022) was an Austrian writer. He was born in Graz, Austria. From 1973 to 1978, he was member of the Grazer Autorenversammlung before he moved to Hamburg in 1979. He won many literature prizes, among which are the literature prize of Styria (1976), the Alfred Döblin Prize (1983), and the Bruno-Kreisky-Prize (2002). In 1995, he was awarded the Golden Romy for his screenplay of "Schnellschuss". +Roth died on 8 February 2022 in Graz from an illness at the age of 79. + += = = Mentor, Ohio = = = +Mentor ( ) is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States. Mentor was first settled in 1797. The population was 47,450 at the 2020 census. + += = = Christopher Dominic Ahearne = = = +Christopher Dominic Ahearne (1886 – 1964) was a colonial administrator. He was a cadet in Straits Settlement Government service in 1910. He was later the Federal Secretary of the (FMS) in 1936. +Life. +Early career. +Ahearne was a cadet in Straits Settlement Government service in 1910. +Then he was attached to the Indian Immigrant Department in Penang. +He was appointed as (Balik Pulau) in 1911. He was also appointed as the District Officer of Balik Pulau in 1916. +In addition, he held several posts of 2nd Assistant Superintendent of Immigrant (Klang and Kuala Lumpur), Assistant Controller of Labour (Kuala Lumpur, Penang and Klang) in 1913 and 1914. +He was Assistant Adviser (Batu Pahut, Johore) in 1919. In 1923 as Second Magistrate in Singapore, Deputy Controller of Labour (Kuala Lumpur) and Deputy Controller of Labour (Penang). +Duties at the Indian Immigration Committee. +In 1925, he was on special duty for Indian Immigration Committee in connection with the Avadi Water Supply and Drainage. +He went to Assam to investigate labour condition in British India. +Since the 1930s. +He was the Controller of Labour for Malaya in 1930. +In 1931, he led the Straits Settlements Delegation to the International Shipping Conference held in Simila. +During the , he was the chairman of the Straits Settlements Retrenchment Committee. +In 1933, he led a Malayan delegation to New Delhi to discuss on the immigration questions with the Indian Government. +He was appointed as first Federal Secretary of the Federated Malay States in 1936 to 1939, created by Sir Cecil Clementi. +Honours. +Ahearne was appointed Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George (CMG) in 1939. + += = = Nokia 6303 classic = = = +Nokia 6303 classic was an mobile phone succesor like codenamed Nokia 6303i, it was announced in late 2008 and release on May 17, 2009. +Development. +In July 2008, Nokia announced they will be release Nokia 6303i with the codenamed of Nokia 6303 classic development, but does smillar to Nokia 6300 and Nokia 6500 classic. +In December 1, 2008. Nokia 6303i has discontinued, replace of Nokia 6303 classic, Nokia announced that Nokia 6303i is an codenamed of Nokia 6303 classic. +Release. +In late 2008, Nokia announced that Nokia 6303 classic will begin in 2009 after that Nokia 6303i is codenamed and was discontinued in December 2008. In April 2009, Nokia 6303 classic is release of Canada and United Kingdom. Nokia 6303 classic was release in worldwide on May 17, 2009. +In June 13, 2009. After Nokia 6500 classic was discontinued, Nokia announced that Nokia 6303 classic will support after in 2011 was discontinued. +Reception. +In July 2009, Nokia 6303 classic was pubilc in announcement "Nokia Five Day Later" celebrate of discontinued Nokia 6303i. Nokia announced they will have Nokia 6303 classic in Campagin Shop started on August 13, 2009 and ended sales after discontinued. +Discontinuation. +In January 2011, Nokia announced that Nokia 6303 classic will be discontinued because was no longer after release in 2009, Nokia 6303 classic will discontinued in worldwide on April 5, 2011. + += = = The Originals = = = +The Originals is an American supernatural show. It's began airing on The CW in October 2013. On May 2017 the series was renewed for a fifth and final season which aired from April to August 2017. +Reception. +The show has received generally high reviews from critics such as Rotten Tomatoes. + += = = Wilhelm Johannsen = = = +Wilhelm Johannsen (3 February 1857 – 11 November 1927) invented the term "gene". He was a Danish pharmacist, botanist, plant physiologist, and geneticist. +He is best known for coining the terms gene, phenotype and genotype, and for his 1903 "pure line" experiments in genetics. + += = = Daniel Gillies = = = +Daniel Gillies(born March 14, 1976) is an Canadian-New Zealand actor. He is mostly known for playing Elijah Mikaelson in The Originals. + += = = David Mazouz = = = +David Mazouz (born February 2, 2001) is an American actor. He is known for playing the role of Bruce Wayne in the television series Gotham. + += = = Open Source Initiative = = = +The Open Source Initiative (OSI) It is a California-based public-benefit nonprofit corporation. They aim to contribute to open source software. + += = = Yarmouk University = = = +Yarmouk University is a public Jordanian university located in the city of Irbid in the north of Jordan. It was established in 1976. it is specialized in pure sciences, with the exception of the Hijjawi College of Applied Engineering. The university consists of 15 major schools. + += = = Mutah University = = = +Mutah University is a Jordanian university located in the town of Mutah in the Karak Governorate, 135 km south of the Jordanian capital Amman and 12 km from the ancient Karak Citadel. The university was established in 1981. It consists of two major sections; civil and military. The military wing began its operations in 1984, and in 1986 the Council of Higher Education decided to establish a civilian section. + += = = Bokermannohyla pseudopseudis = = = +The veadeiros tree frog or veadeiros waterfall frog ("Bokermannohyla pseudopseudis") is a frog that lives in Brazil. + += = = 1987 FIFA U-16 World Championship = = = +The FIFA U-16 World Championship 1987, the second edition of the tournament, was hosted by Canada and held in the cities of Montreal, Saint John, St. John's, and Toronto between 12 July and 25 July 1987. Players born after 1 August 1970 could participate in this tournament. + += = = Leezdorf = = = +Leezdorf is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Brookmerland = = = +Brookmerland is a "Samtgemeinde" ("collective municipality") in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is southeast of Norden. Its seat is in the village Marienhafe. +The "Samtgemeinde" Brookmerland has the following municipalities: + += = = Game Shakers = = = +Game Shakers is an Canadian television series created by Dan Schneider that aired on Nickelodeon from September 12, 2015 to June 8, 2019. The series stars Cree Cicchino, Madisyn Shipman, Benjamin "Lil' P-Nut" Flores, Jr., Thomas Kuc, and Kel Mitchell.The series was directed by Dan Schneider and Edgar Agayi. +Broadcast. +The series premiered on TVOKids Télémagino and Knowledge Network in Canada on October 6, 2015,and debuted on Nickelodeon channels in the United Kingdom and Ireland on November 2, 2015, and in Australia and New Zealand on February 8, 2016. + += = = Lütetsburg = = = +Lütetsburg (East Frisian Low Saxon: "Lütsbörg") is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Marienhafe = = = +Marienhafe is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Norden, Lower Saxony = = = +Norden (East Frisian Low Saxon: "Nörden") is a town in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is on the North Sea shore, in East Frisia. +Town and land use. +Norden has the town itself and ten official subdistricts. In addition to the old town centre, the main town includes the previous municipality of Sandbauerschaft and the subdistricts Ekel, Lintel and Westgaste. They are divided into many quarters and residential areas such as Neustadt, Westlintel, Ostlintel, Ekelergaste, In der Wirde, Vierzig Diemat, Martensdorf, or "millionaire quarter". They have in common that they do not have any administrative function, but are places referred to in everyday local language. +The other subdistricts are Bargebur, Leybuchtpolder, Norddeich, Westermarsch I, Westermarsch II, Southderneuland I, Southderneuland II and Tidofeld. +The main town and the villages of Bargebur, Norddeich, Süderneneuland I and Süderneuland II, as well as parts of Westermarsch II, have largely grown together, and with the exception of Norddeich and Westermarsch II, form extensive residential and commercial areas in the south and east of the borough. About 92.5% of the total urban population live in this "metropolitan area". The remaining subdistricts continue to be very rural and mostly barely populated, but they occupy by far the largest share of the total area of the borough. + += = = Josef Ressel = = = +Joseph Ludwig Franz Ressel (; June 29, 1793 – October 9, 1857) was a forester and inventor of Czech-German descent, who designed one of the first working ship's propellers. + += = = Specials (Unicode block) = = = +Specials is a short Unicode block of characters put at the very end of the Basic Multilingual Plane, at U+FFF0–FFFF. Of these 16 code points, five have been used since Unicode 3.0: +FFFE and FFFF are not unused in the usual way, but guaranteed not to be Unicode characters at all. They can be used to guess a text's scheme, since any text using these is not a correctly encoded Unicode text. Unicode's character can be put at the start of a Unicode text to signal its endianness: a program reading such a text and finding 0xFFFE would then know that it should switch the byte order for all the following characters. +Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was Special. +Replacement character. +The replacement character (�) (often displayed as a black rhombus with a white question mark) is a symbol found in the Unicode standard at code point U+FFFD in the "Specials" table. It is used for problems when something is unable to render a stream of data to a correct symbol. It is usually seen when the data is not valid and does not match any character: +Consider a text file containing the German word (meaning 'for') in the ISO-8859-1 encoding (codice_1). This file is now opened with a text editor that thinks that the input is UTF-8. The first and last byte are valid UTF-8 encodings of ASCII, but the middle byte (codice_2) is not a valid byte in UTF-8. So, a text editor could replace this byte with the replacement character symbol to make a valid string of Unicode code points. The whole string now looks like this: "f�r". +A poorly made text editor might save the replacement character in UTF-8, and the text file data will then look like this: codice_3, which will be displayed in ISO-8859-1 as "fï¿1⁄2r" (this is called mojibake). Since the replacement is the same for all errors this makes it impossible to get the first character. A better (but harder to make) way is to keep the original bytes, including the error, and only convert to the replacement when "displaying" the text. This will allow the text editor to save the original byte sequence, while still showing the error to the user. +At one time the replacement character was used a lot when there was no glyph that can be used in a font for that character. However, most new text rendering systems instead use a font's character, which most times is an empty box (or "?" or "X" in a box), sometimes called a "tofu" (this browser displays 􏿾). There is no Unicode point for this symbol. +So, the replacement character is now only seen for encoding errors, such as invalid UTF-8. Some software tries to hide this by translating the bytes of invalid UTF-8 to matching characters in Windows-1252 (since that is the most likely source of these errors), so that the replacement character is never seen. +History. +The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Specials block: + += = = Bargebur = = = +Bargebur is an urban quarter in the east of the borough of Norden, northwestern Germany. + += = = Ekel (Norden) = = = +Ekel is the eastern part of the town centre of Norden. + += = = Jon Cozart = = = +Jonathan Charles Cozart (born April 26, 1992), also known as Paint, is an American YouTube personality, musician, and comedian. As of February 2022, his main YouTube channel had 4.7 million subscribers. +Personal life. +Cozart was born in Little Rock, Arkansas. He was raised in Houston, Texas from the age of six. After graduating from Cypress Creek High School in 2011, he moved to Austin, Texas and studied film at University of Texas. Cozart learned to play the piano as a child. +Cozart is bisexual. He announced this in June 2017. In late January 2022, he announced on Instagram that he has been dating Sarah Sharpe since early 2021. +Career. +YouTube career. +His YouTube channel "Paint" was given to him by his brother. It was created on December 27, 2005,and has over 4.7 million subscribers . Cozart's career started in middle school. It was a way to not have to write papers, He offered to make videos instead. Cozrt did this through high school. +On July 17, 2011, Cozart uploaded "Harry Potter in 99 Seconds". It became a viral video, with 59 million views . +Cozart grew his number of viewer on YouTube with his Disney parody videos. Thses out Disney Princesses into modern circumstances, They hada cappella layering of his own voice to supply the music. "After Ever After" was uploaded in 2013. It had 93 million views . "After Ever After 2" was released in 2014 and "After Ever After 3" was released in 2018. He then went on hiatus after November of that year. He returned in October 2020 with "If Trump Was In Hamilton." + += = = Cameron Muncey = = = +Cameron Thane Muncey (born 8 February 1980) is an Australian guitarist and vocalist. he is the most important lead guitarist and one of the songwriters of Melbourne-based rock band Jet which formed in 2001 + += = = Leybuchtpolder = = = +Leybuchtpolder is part of the borough of Norden in East Frisia on Germany's North Sea coast and was an independent municipality until 1972. + += = = Tidofeld = = = +Tidofeld has been an autonomous part of the East Frisian borough of Norden since 1996 and has about 1,000 residents (as at 12/2016)), spread over an area of just 0.47 km2. Its built-up area is completely connected with the town itself. Until 1952, Tidofeld was part of the municipality of Lütetsburg. + += = = Omatako Constituency = = = +Omatako Constituency is a constituency in the Otjozondjupa Region of Namibia. It 11,998 people living there. There are small settlements in the constituency, including Kalkfeld, Hochfeld and Ovitoto, as well as the Osire refugee camp and the Osona military base. +Politics. +In 2015, Omatako became one of the few constituency without a SWAPO councillor. Israel Hukuva of the National Unity Democratic Organisation won with 1,187 votes, beating SWAPO's candidate Susana Mutjitua Hikopua, who gained 1,144 votes, followed by Helga Tjipe of the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance who gained 156 votes. + += = = Magnetic ink = = = +Magnetic ink allows a computer to read characters even if they have been covered with signatures, cancellation marks, bank stamps, or other marks. MICR lines help facilitate automatic check-clearing when banks send their checks to central processing systems at the end of the day. +How it is made. +A ferrofluid is used in the manufacturing of the magnetic ink. A ferrofluid consists of colloidal particles (nanoscale) composed of iron(II) and iron(III) compounds such as FeCl2 and FeCl3. A ferrofluid is attracted by a magnetic field but does not become permanently magnetized. + += = = Marie-Simone Jaudin = = = +Marie-Simone Jaudin (born 29 January 1945) is a French former track and road cyclist. +She competed at the 1967 UCI Road World Championships, 1969 UCI Road World Championships and 1970 UCI Road World Championships. At the track she won five silver and two bronze medals at the French National Track Championships in the individual pursuit and sprint event. + += = = Alie Zijlmans = = = +Alie Coumans-Zijlmans (born 24 March 1948) is a Dutch cyclist. +She competed at the 1965 Netherlands Championship Road Race, finishing third. 1964 Gorinchem road race, finishing first, and 1965 Papendal road race finishing first. + += = = Enedilma Poveda = = = +Enedilma Poveda Silva (born 9 December 1968) is a Cuban track and road cyclist. She won the bronze medal at the 1987 Pan American Games in the 3000 m Individual Pursuit event, and was the first Cuban cyclist ever to win a medal at the Pan American Games. + += = = Annie Barjou = = = +Annie Barjou (born Annie Hérault 23 June 1946 - 8 August 2020) was a French road cyclist. She competed at the 1978 UCI Road World Championships and 1979 UCI Road World Championships. +Barjou died on 8 August 2020. + += = = Katrin Tobin = = = +Katrin Tobin (born 1961 or 1962) is an American road cyclist from Palo Alto, California. She was 1986 US National Road Champion. She was a member of the American national team. +She competed at the 1987 World Championships Road Race, 1988 UCI Road World Championships, in the women's road race event. She became United States National Road Race Champion in 1986, won the 1988 Women's Challenge, and stage 4 of the 1989 Tour de France féminin. She was an alternate for the 1988 Summer Olympics. +Tobin stayed active and competed in triathlons. +Tobin is the ex-wife of Olympic cyclist Andy Paulin who she met when she was a member of the American national team. + += = = Oxford County, Ontario = = = +Oxford County is a county in the province of Ontario. It has a land area of 2,036.61 km2 and a population of 110,862. The economy of Oxford County is mainly manufacturing, dairy, and agriculture. The lower-tier municipalites of Oxford are, ordered from greatest to least population, Woodstock, Tillsonburg, Ingersoll, Norwich, Zorra, South-West Oxford, Blandford-Blenheim, and East Zorra-Tavistock. + += = = Aziz Abduhakimov = = = +Aziz Abdukhakimov (; ; born 17, June, 1974) is an Uzbek Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Minister of Tourism and Sports. +Life. +Aziz Abdukaharovich Abdukhakimov was born on June 17, 1974 in the city of Tashkent. He graduated from Tashkent State Economic University. He also graduated from the Hitotsubashi University with a master's degree. His profession was economics. + += = = Homestead, Pennsylvania = = = +Homestead is a borough in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is near the Monongahela River valley. It is southeast of downtown Pittsburgh. The population of Homestead was 2,884 at the 2020 census. + += = = Amy Gutmann = = = +Amy Gutmann (born 1949) is an American political scientist, academic and politician. She is the United States Ambassador to Germany since 2022. She was the eighth president of the University of Pennsylvania from 2004 until 2022. +On July 2, 2021, President Joe Biden nominated her to serve as the United States Ambassador to Germany. On February 8, 2022, the United States Senate confirmed her nomination by a 54-42 vote. + += = = Bill Lienhard = = = +William Barner Lienhard (January 14, 1930 – February 8, 2022) was an American basketball player. He competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics, winning a gold medal. Lienhard was born in Slaton, Texas. +Lienhard died on February 8, 2022, at the age of 92. + += = = Slaton, Texas = = = +Slaton is a city in Lubbock County, Texas, United States. Slaton was the westernmost German settlement in Texas. The population was 5,858 at the 2020 census. + += = = Chen Shih-yung = = = +Chen Shih-yung (; 12 September 1948 – 7 February 2022) was a Taiwanese politician. He was a member of the People First Party. He was in the County Magistrate of Chiayi from 1989 to 1993. +Chen died in Chiayi County on 7 February 2022 at the age 73. + += = = Corina Casanova = = = +Corina Casanova (born 4 January 1956) is a Swiss politician who was the Federal Chancellor of Switzerland between 2008 and 2015. +Born in Ilanz, Graubünden, Casanova worked as a lawyer in the practice of the former President of the Swiss Federal Supreme Court, Giusep Nay, as well as a Red Cross delegate in South Africa, Angola, Nicaragua and El Salvador. She was also a federal parliamentary official and advisor to Federal Councillors Flavio Cotti and Joseph Deiss, both of the Christian Democratic People's Party. + += = = Frank Pietrzok = = = +Frank Pietrzok (20 June 1964 – 3 February 2022) was a German politician. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. He was in the Bürgerschaft of Bremen from 1999 to 2005. He was born in Xanten, West Germany. +Pietrzok died in a paragliding accident in La Unión, Colombia on 3 February 2022 at the age of 57. + += = = Hélio Rosas = = = +Hélio César Rosas (24 March 1929 – 8 February 2022) was a Brazilian politician. He was a member of the Brazilian Democratic Movement. He was in the Chamber of Deputies from 1987 to 1999. +Rosas died on 8 February 2022, at the age of 92. + += = = Abune Antonios = = = +Abune Antonios (Tigrinya/Geez: ��� ������) (12 July 1927 – 9 February 2022) was an Eritrean Christian prelate. He was the third Patriarch of the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church from 2004 until 2006. He was illegally removed from the church by the Eritrean government in 2006, and was placed under house arrest. +He died in Asmara, Eritrea on 9 February 2022, at the age of 92. + += = = Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 5 = = = +Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 5 is a 2015 skateboarding video game developed by Robomodo and Disruptive Games and also published by Activision. The tenth main installment in the "Tony Hawk's" series, in the first new title in the main series since "Proving Ground", and the first main "Pro Skater" series since "Pro Skater 4", as the final series had beed pull on hold following a lack of critical and the commercials success with later games. +To date, it is a most recent original console title in the series, and the final major consoles entry as a whole until "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 1 + 2", a remake of the first two games, and it was released on 2020. +Guest celebrity skaters. +There are easter eggs in the game. Rapper Lil Wayne serves as celebrity skaters for the entry, while fellow rapper Tyler, the Creator and cartoon series Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles were added with a post-release patch. + += = = Jeremy Giambi = = = +Jeremy Dean Giambi (; September 30, 1974 – February 9, 2022) was an American professional baseball outfielder and first baseman. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Kansas City Royals, Oakland Athletics, Philadelphia Phillies, and Boston Red Sox, from 1998 through 2003. +Giambi also played in Minor League Baseball (MiLB) in the Los Angeles Dodgers and Chicago White Sox organizations. He was the younger brother of former MLB player Jason Giambi. He was born in San Jose, California. +Giambi died on February 9, 2022 in Claremont, California at the age of 47. The next day, the Los Angeles County Medical Examiner announced that Giambi died after shooting himself in the chest. + += = = Javier Gonzales = = = +Javier Gonzales (1966 – February 9, 2022) was an American Democratic politician. He was the 42nd Mayor of Santa Fe, New Mexico from 2014 to 2018. Gonzales was the city's first and only openly gay mayor. He was chair of the Democratic Party of New Mexico from 2009 until 2013. +Gonzales died from cancer at a hospital in Santa Fe on February 9, 2022, at the age of 55. + += = = Alan Webber = = = +Alan M. Webber (born September 18, 1948) is an American businessman, author, publisher, and politician. He is the 43rd mayor of Santa Fe, New Mexico, since 2018. +He ran unsuccessfully for Governor of New Mexico as a member of the Democratic Party during the 2014 primary elections. Webber founded the technology business magazine, "Fast Company" in 1995. + += = = Larry Delgado = = = +Larry Delgado (born 1936) is an American politician. He was the mayor of Santa Fe, New Mexico from 1998 to 2006. +He was elected mayor of Santa Fe in 1998 after defeating mayor Debbie Jaramillo and former mayor Sam Pick. Delgado served two full terms as mayor, leaving office in 2006. + += = = Sam Pick = = = +Samuel W. Pick (born 1936) is an American businessman and politician. He was the mayor of Santa Fe, New Mexico from 1976 to 1978 and again from 1986 to 1994. + += = = Alicia Hermida = = = +Alicia Hermida (born Alicia Pérez Herranz; 26 September 1932 – 9 February 2022) was a Spanish actress. Her career began in 1947 and she retired in 2014. Hermida was born in Madrid, Spain. Her best known roles were in "Maribel and the Strange Family", "Black Humor" and "El bosque animado". +Hermida died on 9 February 2022 in Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain at the age of 89. + += = = Villanueva de la Cañada = = = +Villanueva de la Cañada is a municipality in the Community of Madrid, Spain. It is about 30 km north-west from Madrid. + += = = Nora Nova = = = +Ahinora Kumanova (8 May 1928 – 9 February 2022), better known by the stage name of Nora Nova, was a Bulgarian-German singer. She was the first Bulgarian to participate in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1964, although she then represented West Germany. Her song, "Man gewöhnt sich so schnell an das Schöne" was reportedly has the longest name in Eurovision Song Contest history. +Nova died on 9 February 2022, at the age of 93. + += = = Super Muñeco = = = +Super Muñeco ("Super Doll") (10 April 1962 – 9 February 2022) was a Mexican "Luchador enmascarado", or masked professional wrestler. Super Muñeco is Spanish for "Super Toy". Super Muñeco was best known for having the second highest number of "Luchas de Apuestas". His real name was unknown. +He died in Mexico City on 9 February 2022, at the age of 59. + += = = Jacques Calonne = = = +Jacques Calonne (10 August 1930 – 7 February 2022) was a Belgian artist, composer, singer, actor, logogramist, and writer. He was born in Mons, Belgium. In 1995 he played the rôle of the Representative of the Ministry of Culture in the 1996 movie "Camping Cosmos". +Calonne died on 7 February 2022 at his home in Brussels, Belgium at the age of 91. + += = = Voiced alveolar nasal = = = +The voiced alveolar nasal is a type of consonant. Nearly all languages contain this sound. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is ⟨n⟩. The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by "n" in "near" and "number". + += = = Jan Magiera = = = +Jan Magiera (30 September 1938 – 9 February 2022) was a Polish cyclist. He competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics and the 1968 Summer Olympics. Magiera was born in Jelna, Poland. +Magiera died in Mostki, Poland on 9 February 2022, at the age of 83. + += = = Olsen Filipaina = = = +Olsen Orekewa Filipaina (23 April 1957 – 10 February 2022) was a professional rugby league footballer. He represented both New Zealand and Western Samoa. He played for New Zealand from 1977 until 1986. He was born in Kaikohe, New Zealand. +During the 1980s, Filipaina played club competition in Australia for three Sydney-based clubs. He played for the Balmain Tigers, Eastern Suburbs and North Sydney Bears. After his playing career ended, he continued to live in Sydney. +Filipaina died on 10 February 2022 in Westmead, Sydney, from kidney failure. He was 64. + += = = Joint European Torus = = = +The Joint European Torus, or JET, is a working magnetically confined plasma physics experiment. It is at Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. +Between 2009 and 2011, JET was shut down to rebuild many of its parts. On 21 December 2021, JET produced 59 megajoules during a five-second pulse, beating its last 1997 record of 21.7 megajoules. + += = = Azerbaijan at the Paralympics = = = +Azerbaijan first participated in the Paralympic Games at the 1996 Summer Paralympics in Atlanta, with a two-man team to compete in track and field and powerlifting. It has taken part in every Summer Paralympics since then, but has never participated in the Winter Paralympics. + += = = Boones Creek, Tennessee = = = +Boones Creek is an unincorporated community and neighborhood of Johnson City, in north Washington County, Tennessee. Almost all of Boones Creek has been annexed by Johnson City and has become a neighborhood of Johnson City. Much of it has the postal addresses of Gray, Tennessee. It follows Boone's Creek and other tributaries of Boone Lake. It is a part of the Tri-Cities area. +History. +The community was the first permanent European settlement in Tennessee. It was named for the creek that runs through it. The creek is named for pioneer Daniel Boone. +In the center of Boones Creek is a historic marker that tells the origins of the community's name. Daniel Boone was a frontiersman and hunted over large areas of the early frontier lands. On one of these hunting trips, he was chased by the local Indians. He hid under a waterfall on Boones Creek, now called Boone Falls, from Indians to avoid their displeasure at him hunting on their lands. There was also a historic tree nearby. A beech tree once stood with "D Boon cilled a bar on tree in the year 1760" etched on it. This tree was featured in the film "Sergeant York" when Alvin York (WWI hero) was trying to earn money by hunting and selling pelts. A large piece of the tree is now in the Boones Creek Historical Trust Museum and Opry. + += = = Madison Reyes = = = +Madison Reyes (born June 25,2004) is an American actress. She is known for playing the role of Julie Molina in the Netflix show Julie and the Phantoms. + += = = DZOZ-DTV = = = +DZOZ-DTV (channel 33) is a television station in Metro Manila, Philippines, serving as the flagship of the Light TV network. It is owned and operated by ZOE Broadcasting Network alongside A2Z flagship DZOE-TV (channel 11) (which is operated by ABS-CBN Corporation under a blocktime agreement). Both stations share studios at the 22nd floor, Strata 2000 Bldg., F. Ortigas Jr. Road (formerly Emerald Avenue), Ortigas Center, Pasig, while DZOZ-DTV's transmitter is located at Crestview Heights Subdivision, Barangay San Roque, Antipolo, Rizal. +Studios. +DZOZ-TV studios are located at Strata 2000 Bldg., F. Ortigas Jr. Road, Ortigas Center, Pasig. Its transmitter is located at ZOE Compound Center, Crestview Heights Subdivision, Barangay San Roque, Antipolo, Rizal. Light TV Channel 33 operates Mondays thru Fridays 5:00 AM to 12:00 MN and Saturdays and Sundays 5:30 AM to 12:00 MN. +Digital television. +DZOZ-TV operates on UHF Channel 33 (587.143 MHz), and is multiplexed into the following subchannels: + += = = A2Z (Philippine TV channel) = = = +A2Z, is a Philippine television network. It is the flagship network of ZOE Broadcasting Network in partnership with ABS-CBN Corporation through a blocktime agreement. A2Z's flagship television station is DZOE-TV. The network's name comes from the name of the two parent companies, ABS-CBN and ZOE. +Programming. +The channel's programming are divided into various programming blocks: + += = = Bokermannohyla alvarengai = = = +The Santa Barbara tree frog or Alvarenga's tree frog ("Bokermannohyla alvarengai") is a frog that lives in Brazil. It lives in the Serra do Espinhaço mountains. +With most frogs, the adult female is larger than the adult male. But with these frogs, the male frog is larger than the female frog. The male frogs also have larger, stronger front legs and larger spines. Scientists say that when male frogs are larger than female frogs, it is because the male frogs fight each other. Male Santa Barbara tree frogs sometimes have scars on their skin that could be from fighting each other. But few teams of scientists have watched and written science papers about Santa Barbara tree frogs. They do not know for sure if this is why the male frogs are larger. + += = = DZOE-TV = = = +DZOE-TV (channel 11) is a television station in Metro Manila, Philippines, serving as the flagship of the A2Z network. It is owned by ZOE Broadcasting Network (alongside Light TV flagship DZOZ-DTV channel 33) and operated by ABS-CBN Corporation under a blocktime agreement. The station maintains studios at the ABS-CBN Broadcasting Center, Sgt. Esguerra Ave. corner Mo. Ignacia St., Diliman, Quezon City and 22nd floor, Strata 2000 Bldg., F. Ortigas Jr. Road (formerly Emerald Avenue), Ortigas Center, Pasig, while its hybrid analog and digital transmitting facility is located at Crestview Heights Subdivision, Brgy. San Roque, Antipolo, Rizal. +History. +They have partnership with ABS-CBN Corporation through a blocktime agreement. It was bought from Delta Broadcasting System in the mid-1990s. +Locations and operations. +The station's studio is located at the ABS-CBN Broadcasting Center, Sgt. Esguerra Ave., corner Mo. Ignacia Ave., Diliman, Quezon City, and 22nd floor, Strata 2000 Bldg., F. Ortigas Jr. Road (formerly Emerald Avenue), Ortigas Center, Pasig. Their analog and digital transmitter are located at ZOE Compound Center, Crestview Heights Subdivision, Brgy. San Roque, Antipolo, Rizal. DZOE-TV operates from Mondays to Fridays at 5:00a.m. to 12:15a.m., Weekend at 6:00a.m. to 11:30p.m. +Digital television. +UHF Channel 20 (509.143 MHz) + += = = Fox Cable Networks = = = +Fox Cable Networks is an American entertainment industry company that operates through four segments, mainly filmed entertainment, television stations, television broadcast networks, and cable network programming. The company is wholly owned and controlled by the American media conglomerate 21st Century Fox, which is chaired and part owned by the Australian-American Rupert Murdoch, since the company acquired all the stock of Fox. The company was launched in 1996. + += = = Neuwesteel = = = +Neuwesteel is part of the borough of Norden in East Frisia in Lower Saxony. It is the third most recent quarter after Tidofeld and Leybuchtpolder, because it was only founded on 11 July 1934. + += = = Norddeich (Norden) = = = +Norddeich (Low Saxon: "Nörddiek") is a village in the borough of Norden in north Germany with 1,540 residents (2011). It is in northwestern East Frisia, Lower Saxony on the North Sea coast. + += = = Westermarsch I = = = +Westermarsch I was an independent municipality in Lower Saxony until the municipal reform of 1972 and, as such, a member of the collective municipality ("Samtgemeinde") of Leybucht. Today Westermarsch I is a part of the East Frisian borough of Norden with about 450 residents (as at 12/2016), spread over an area of 19.42 km2. +Geography. +Westermarsch I is bordered to the east by the town of Norden and to the north by Westermarsch II. The North Sea coast forms its natural boundary in the west and the watercourse of the Norder Tief as well as the Norden subdivision of Neuwesteel to the south. +The "Landesstraße" 27 connects Westermarsch I with the town of Norden and sea port of Greetsiel. "Kreisstraße" 214 runs from Westermarsch I to Norddeich. + += = = Westermarsch II = = = +Westermarsch II was an independent municipality until the 1972 territorial reform in Lower Saxony and, as such, a member of the collective municipality ("Samtgemeinde") of Leybucht in Lower Saxony. Today Westermarsch II is a village in the East Frisian borough of Norden with about 500 residents (as at 12/2016). The village parish covers an area of 11.69 km2. + += = = Osteel = = = +Osteel is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Rechtsupweg = = = +Rechtsupweg is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Südbrookmerland = = = +Südbrookmerland is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about 7 km west of Aurich. Its seat is in the village Victorbur. + += = = Upgant-Schott = = = +Upgant-Schott is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Wiesmoor = = = +Wiesmoor is a town in Aurich in the northwest of Lower Saxony. +Geography. +Wiesmoor is about 30 km inland from the North Sea in the North West of Germany in the centre of the historic district East Frisia. The city of Wiesmoor and its surroundings have a population of between 35,000 and 40,000 people. +The most South-Easterly community in the Landkreis of Aurich Wiesmoor is centrally within the East Frisian peninsula. The city is in the district Aurich. In the East, the city borders with the Friedeburg in Wittmund, in the south with Uplengen in Leer. West of Wiesmoor is the village of Großefehn is and to the North of that the city of Aurich, both in the district of Aurich. +The closest large cities to Wiesmoor are Wilhelmshaven (30 km to the North East), Oldenburg (45 km to the South East), Bremen (80 km to the South East) as well as the Dutch city of Groningen (80 km to the South West). + += = = Stadion Birkenwiese = = = +The Stadion Birkenwiese is a football stadium in Dornbirn in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg. It is the home ground of FC Dornbirn 1913. They play in the Second League. +History. +The area of the municipal sports field Birkenwiese was built in 1935. A settlement was built in the neighborhood that same year. After promotion of FC Dornbirn to the 2nd league 2010, the city council decided to make it suitable for the Bundesliga, especially with floodlight. +You can also find a so called "Fun-Court" with two beach volleyball courts, a small football pitch and an artificial grass pitch. + += = = National Council (Slovakia) = = = +The National Council of the Slovak Republic () is the national parliament of Slovakia. It is unicameral and made up of 150 members. They are elected every four years. + += = = André Wilms = = = +André Wilms (29 April 1947 – 9 February 2022) was a French actor and comedian. He was known for his role in "La Vie de Bohème". Her career began in 1970. +Wilms died on 9 February 2022 in Paris at the age of 74. + += = = Herb Bergson = = = +Herbert William "Herb" Bergson (September 16, 1956 – February 10, 2022) was an American Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party ​politician. He was the Mayor of Duluth, Minnesota from 2004 until 2008. He also was the Mayor of Superior, Wisconsin from 1987 until 1995. Bergson was the only person to have served as mayor in both cities. +Bergson died on February 10, 2022 from cancer-related surgery in Duluth at the age of 65. + += = = Stefan Żywotko = = = +Stefan Żywotko (9 January 1920 – 10 February 2022) was a Polish association football coach. He spent his entire coaching career in Poland and Algeria. He was born in Lwów, Poland. Żywotko began his career in 1956 and he retired in 1991. +Żywotko turned 100 in January 2020, and died on 10 February 2022, at the age of 102. + += = = Ingvar Oldsberg = = = +Ingvar Oldsberg (31 March 194510 February 2022) was a Swedish television presenter and sports reporter. He was best known for hosting "På spåret" between 1987 and 2009. He was also the host of "Bingolotto", starting in 2014. Oldsberg was born in Mölnlycke, Sweden. +Oldsberg died on 10 February 2022, at the age of 76. + += = = Nikolai Manoshin = = = +Nikolai Alekseyevich Manoshin (; 6 March 1938 – 10 February 2022) was a Soviet footballer and coach. Manoshin was born in Moscow, Russia. He played for the Soviet Union national team eight times between 1960 and 1961. He also played for FC Torpedo Moscow and PFC CSKA Moscow. Manoshin began his career in 1956 and he retired in 1991. +Manoshin died on 10 February 2022 in Moscow, aged 83. + += = = Eduard Kukan = = = +Eduard Kukan (26 December 1939 – 10 February 2022) was a Slovakian politician. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1998 to 2006. He was a candidate for President of Slovakia in the 2004 presidential election. Kukan was born in Trnovec nad Váhom, then-Hungary. +Kukan was elected Member of the European Parliament (MEP) in 2009, a position he held until 2019. Kukan was also a member of the National Council from 1994 until 1998 and again from 2006 until 2009. From 1990 until 1993, Kukan was the Ambassador to the United Nations. +Kukan died on 10 February 2022 in Bratislava, Slovakia from a heart attack, aged 82. + += = = Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946) = = = +The Kingdom of Hungary (), sometimes known as the Regency or the Horthy era, existed as a country from 1920 to 1946 under the rule of Regent Miklós Horthy. + += = = Spotted salamander = = = +The spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) is a mole salamander found in parts of USA and Canada. +Characteristics. +The spotted salamander is around 20cm long, black with yellow spots. Most of their life they live underground and only come out for breeding or after rainy weather. In the winter they brumate and don't come out of dormancy until around April, when they mate. Spotted salamanders together with other types of salamanders can regenerate body parts like legs, tail and other organs although it takes a lot of energy. +Their egg masses are jelly and are polymorphic, since some of their egg masses are transparent while some are white. + += = = Rosmarie Kurz = = = +Rosmarie Kurz (born 27 April 1940) is a Swiss cross-country skier, and road cyclist. Kurz was an endurance athlete, and won the Engadin Skimarathon six times in a row between 1972 and 1977. As a cyclist she competed at the 1981 UCI Road World Championships and 1982 UCI Road World Championships. +She played for TC Rot-Weiss Winterthur, in tennis. + += = = Yang Zi = = = +Yang Zi (, born 6 November 1992), also known as Andy Yang, is a Chinese actress and singer. She graduated from the Performing Arts School of Beijing Film Academy (BFA) in 2014. She is regarded as one of the Four Dan Actresses of the post-90s Generation (90�����). +Early life. +YangZi was born as Yang Niao () on 6 November 1992 in Fangshan district, Beijing, China. Her father Yang Yunfei was a firefighter and mother Ma Haiyan was a housewife. From an early age, she had a passion for acting and first starred in "Ru Ci Chu Shan" at the age of 6. +YangZi studied at Beijing Xingcheng Primary School in Fangshan District and Beijing No. 55 High School in Dongcheng District. In 2010, she was admitted to Beijing Film Academy. +Career. +In 1999, YangZi made her acting debut, playing Zhou Qiong in "Ru Ci Chu Shan". +2000s. +In 2002, YangZi had a minor role as little Consort Donggo in "Xiaozhuang Epic". In 2004, she made her big-screen debut in the film "Girl's Diary" for which she received a Best Child Actor nomination at the 12th Tongniu Film Award. In 2005, Yang rose to prominence for playing Xia Xue in the Chinese sitcom "Home with Kids". The series reached number one in ratings when it aired in China, and won the Outstanding Television Series (for children) award at the Flying Apsaras Awards and the Golden Eagle Awards. +In 2006, she reprised her role as Xia Xue in the sequel "Home with Kids 2", though not in the subsequent installments. In 2008, YangZi released her first solo album titled "Home with Snow", which is named after her character's name in "Home with Kids". In 2009, Yang played her first leading role in the youth romance drama "Girl Rushes Forward". +2010s. +In February 2011, YangZi starred in the family drama "Love Comes Knocking on the Door", based on the novel "Stepmother" by Geling Yan. Her role as a rebellious teenager allowed her to successfully shed her image of a "child star". In May 2012, YangZi starred in the medical drama "Angel Heart", portraying a kindhearted nurse. In August, she starred in the horror mystery thriller film "Insisrence", and won the Best Newcomer Award at the 14th Golden Phoenix Awards. In 2013, YangZi starred in the romance drama "Flowers in Fog", written by acclaimed Taiwanese writer Chiung Yao. The same year, she played the lead role in the period comedy drama "King Rouge". +In March 2014, YangZi starred in her first war drama "Battle of Changsha", directed by Magnolia Award-winner Kong Sheng. The series was a critical success and was voted Best Drama of 2014 in major streaming website Douban after being broadcast on CCTV-8 beginning mid-July 2014. In 2015, YangZi starred in period drama "Yangko Dance", which received positive reviews and topped television ratings. The same year, she co-starred in the horror mystery web series "The Ferryman". +In 2016, she starred in the metropolitan romance drama "Ode to Joy", which depicts the stories of five young women who comes from different social and educational backgrounds, but share a common goal. The series received critical acclaim and commercial success, and YangZi gained widespread recognition for her portrayal of Qiu Yingying, a simple-minded girl from a small town. YangZi was nominated for the Best Actress award at the China TV Golden Eagle Award for her performance. She then portrayed Lu Xueqi, one of the two female protagonists in Noble Aspirations, the television series adaption of the Xianxia novel "Zhu Xian". The drama was a commercial success and accumulated 23 billion views online, the highest record held by a Chinese drama at that time. YangZi gained wider popularity as a result and was nominated at the 22nd Huading Awards as Best Actress in the ancient drama category for her performance. The same year, she co-starred in "Crying Out in Love", a film based on the romance novel "Socrates in Love" by Japanese novelist Kyoichi Katayama. In 2017, YangZi reprised her role as Qiu Yingying in the second installment of "Ode to Joy" and starred in the historical romance comedy drama "Legend of Dragon Pearl". +In 2018, she starred in "The Destiny of White Snake", a fantasy romance drama based on the renowned Chinese folktale. Yang's portrayal of the innocent and naive snake spirit; as well as her voice-dub for the character, received positive reviews. The same year, YangZi starred in the fantasy romance drama "Ashes of Love", playing an innocent and lively fairy maiden. The series was a commercial success, topping both television and web ratings; and received positive reviews. YangZi received acclaim for her acting and experienced a new high in popularity. "Forbes China" listed YangZi under their 30 Under 30 Asia 2017 list which consisted of 30 influential people under 30 years old who have had a substantial effect in their fields. +In 2019, YangZi starred in the romantic comedy drama "Go Go Squid!", playing a talented computer major who is also a popular online singer. The drama topped television ratings and had been streamed more than 9.6 billion times in its timeslot and was praised for its transmitting positive and uplifting messages such as the pursuit of dreams as well as patriotism. The success of "Go Go Squid" reaffirmed YangZi's popularity. Then YangZi featured in the disaster film "The Bravest" as the wife of a firefighter, and won the Most Popular Supporting Actress award at the 16th Guangzhou Student Film Festival. The same year, he starred in the crime suspense film "Bodies at Rest" playing a forensics scientist. She then starred in the romance environmental protection drama "My Mowgli Boy" where she played a marketing executive. +2020s. +In 2020, she featured in nationalistic film "My People, My Homeland". Then she starred in "Hear Her", the first monologue series in China about women's rights. "Hear Her" is based on the format of BBC Studio's short-film series "Snatches: Moments from Women's Lives". YangZi has appeared on the "Forbes Asia" 100 Digital Star list, comprising 100 artists from across the Asia-Pacific region who have been able to stay active, raise awareness and inspire optimism despite the cancellation of physical events during the COVID-19 pandemic. +In 2021, YangZi played a guest role in "Go Go Squid 2 Dt.Appledog's Time", the sequel to her hit drama "Go Go Squid!". On July 1, Yang participated in the "Great Journey", a large-scale epic theatrical performance to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China and performed in the inaugural skit titled "Breaking Dawn" along with several other artists. She then starred in the urban drama "Psychologist", the television series adaption of Bi Shumin's 2007 novel "Female Psychologist". + += = = Fabio Duque Jaramillo = = = +Fabio Duque Jaramillo (12 May 1950 – 9 February 2022) was a Colombian Roman Catholic prelate. He became a priest in 1975. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Armenia, Colombia, from 2004 to 2012 and was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Garzón, Colombia, from 2021 until his death in 2022. +Duque Jaramillo died on 9 February 2022 from problems caused by an infection in Medellín, Colombia at the age of 71. + += = = Chabris = = = +Chabris () is a commune in the Indre department in central France. + += = = William Shockley = = = +William Bradford Shockley Jr. (February 13, 1910 – August 12, 1989) was an American physicist and inventor. He was the manager of a research group at Bell Labs. He won the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics. +While a professor of electrical engineering at Stanford University, Shockley became a supporter of eugenics. He is known as a controversial Nobel winner. +Shockley died of prostate cancer on August 12 1989 at the age of 79. He did not have a good relationship with his family when he died. His children learned of his death by reading his obituary in the newspaper. + += = = Arthur Jensen = = = +Arthur Robert Jensen (August 24, 1923 – October 22, 2012) was an American psychologist and writer. He was a professor of educational psychology at the University of California, Berkeley. Jensen was known for his work in psychometrics and differential psychology. He was the author of over 400 scientific papers published in refereed journals. He sat on the editorial boards of the scientific journals "Intelligence" and "Personality and Individual Differences". +Jensen was controversial. He said that race affected IQ. A 2019 study found him to be the most controversial intelligence researcher. +Jensen died on October 22, 2012 at his home in Kelseyville, California at age 89. + += = = Christine Goodfellow = = = +Christine Goodfellow (8 November 1938 - 13 July 1985) was a British track and road cyclist. At the British National Road Race Championships she won the silver medal in 1966 and bronze medals in 1973 and 1974. At the British National Time Trial Championships she won the silver medal in 1972. +Goodfellow died on 13 July 1985. +A time trial race was named after her. + += = = Kelseyville, California = = = +Kelseyville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, California, United States. Kelseyville is located southeast of Lakeport. The population was 3,382 at the 2020 census. + += = = Clear Lake (California) = = = +Clear Lake is a natural freshwater lake in Lake County in the U.S. state of California, north of Napa County and San Francisco. It is the largest natural freshwater lake wholly within the state, with of surface area. +It is 2.5 million years old, making it the oldest lake in North America. + += = = Nina Trofimova = = = +Nina Petrovna Trofimova (���� �������� ���������; born 1944) is a former Soviet track and road cyclist. +She competed at the eight UCI Road World Championships between 1966 and 1973 and won the bronze medal in the 1969 women's road race event. +She became both on the road as on the track multiple times medalist at Soviet national championships. + += = = PPAP (Pen-Pineapple-Apple-Pen) = = = + is a single by Pikotaro. He is a fictional singer-songwriter created Japanese comedian Daimaou Kosaka. The song was released as a music video on YouTube on 25 August 2016. It has become a viral video. , the video has been viewed more than 147 million times. A version of the video released by Ultra Music has overe 2.3 million views Many parodies of the song have been created. It was hailed as the new "Gangnam Style" by newspapers and online media. The single was ranked number 1 on the "Billboard" Japan Hot 100 chart. It was the shortest single to chart on the "Billboard" Hot 100, until "Beautiful Trip". At the end of 2016, the song charted at number 6 on Japan Hot 100 Year-end Chart. + += = = Robert Gallo = = = +Robert Charles Gallo (; born March 23, 1937) is an American biomedical researcher. He is best known for his role in the discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the infectious agent responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). He also helped create the HIV blood test. +Gallo is the director and co-founder of the Institute of Human Virology (IHV) at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland. +In November 2011, Gallo was named the first Homer & Martha Gudelsky Distinguished Professor in Medicine. Gallo is also a co-founder of biotechnology company Profectus BioSciences, Inc. and co-founder and scientific director of the Global Virus Network (GVN). +Gallo was the most cited scientist in the world from 1980 to 1990. He has published over 1,300 papers. + += = = Elisabetta Maffeis = = = +Elisabetta Maffeis (born 27 July 1947 Cene) is an Italian professional road bicycle racer. She won the 1966 Italian National Road Race Championships. +She competed at the She competed at the 1966 UCI Road World Championships, 1968 UCI Road World Championships, 1969 UCI Road World Championships and 1971 UCI Road World Championships. +She was among the first Italian cyclists to compete in various world championships. Elisabetta and Giuseppe Maffeis, were the first brother and sister in history to compete on the same day in the road cycling world championships in the women's and amateur categories in Leicester (England) in 1970. + += = = List of American painters = = = +This is a list of famous American painters. + += = = Paola Scotti = = = +Paola Scotti (25 April 1944 - 7 May 1990) was an Italian road cyclist. She became the first Italia women's national champion at the 1963 Italian National Road Race Championships. In 1964 she won the silver medal behind Maria Cressari. +Scotti died on 30 October 1990. +Since 1992 the "Paola Scotti Memorial" has been held. In 2001 the municipality of Sarmato dedicated the "Centro Polisportivo" to Scotti, with at the entrance sculpture of her. + += = = Sophie Hunter = = = +Sophie Irene Hunter (born 16 March 1978) is an English avant-garde theatre and opera director, playwright, and former performer. Her career began in 2007 when she co-directed the experimental play "The Terrific Electric". +She has directed an Off-Off-Broadway revival of Henrik Ibsen's "Ghosts" (2010). +In 2015, Hunter married actor Benedict Cumberbatch. They have three sons. + += = = Florinda Parenti = = = +Florinda Parenti (born 1943) is an Italian road cyclist. Parenti became Italian National Road Race Champion in 1965 and finished second in 1963 and 1966. +She competed at the 1962 UCI Road World Championships and 1965 UCI Road World Championships. + += = = Renée Ganneau = = = +Renée Ganneau (born 12 December 1936) is a French former track and road cyclist. +She competed at the 1960 UCI Road World Championships, 1962 UCI Road World Championships, 1963 UCI Road World Championships and 1964 UCI Road World Championships. As a track cyclist she became seven time France national champion between 1960 and 1965 in the sprint event four times, and the individual pursuit three times. + += = = Joseph Horovitz = = = +Joseph Horovitz (26 May 1926 – 9 February 2022) was an Austrian-born British composer and conductor. He was born in Vienna, Austria and moved to the United Kingdom in 1938. His works include 16 ballets. The children's "pop cantata" "Captain Noah and His Floating Zoo" (1970) was his best known work. He was also a professor at the Royal College of Music in London. +Horovitz died on 9 February 2022, at the age of 95. + += = = Kathryn Newton = = = +Kathryn Newton (born February 8, 1997) is an American actress. She is known for her starring roles as Louise Brooks in the CBS comedy series "Gary Unmarried" (2008–2010), Abigail Carlson in the HBO mystery drama series "Big Little Lies" (2017–2019), and Allie Pressman in the Netflix teen drama series "The Society" (2019). + += = = Second Battle of the Aisne = = = +The Second Battle of the Aisne was a French offensive on the Western Front of World War I. The battle was part of the 1917 Nivelle Offensive. The goal of the battle was to end the war in 48 hours, but it failed with many deaths. The failure of the battle caused French morale to collapse, and started the French Army mutinies. + += = = Julissa Reynoso Pantaleón = = = +Julissa Reynoso Pantaleón (born January 2, 1975) is a Dominican-American lawyer and politician. She is the United States Ambassador to Spain since 2022. She was the chief of staff to First Lady Jill Biden from 2021 until 2022. From March 2012 until December 2014, she was United States ambassador to Uruguay from 2012 until 2014. +She is a former deputy assistant secretary for the Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs at the United States Department of State. +President Biden nominated her to be the next United States Ambassador to Spain on July 27, 2021, being confirmed on December 18, 2021. + += = = White genocide conspiracy theory = = = +The white genocide, white extinction, or white replacement conspiracy theory, is a white supremacist Conspiracy theory which states that there is a deliberate plot, often blamed on Jews to promote miscegenation, interracial marriage, mass non-white immigration, racial integration, low fertility rates, abortion, governmental land-confiscation from whites, organised violence, and eliminationism in white-founded countries in order to cause the extinction of whites through forced assimilation, mass immigration, and violent genocide. + += = = White Americans in California = = = +White Californians are white Americans living in California who currently make up 71.9% of the state's population. + += = = Poor White = = = +Poor White is a sociocultural classification used to describe economically disadvantaged Whites in the English-speaking world, especially White Americans with low incomes. + += = = Macy Rodman = = = +Macy Rodman is an American singer-songwriter, comedian, podcaster, and performance artist. Her music is usually punk and rock. She has released three studio albums, "The Lake" (2017), "Endless Kindness" (2019), and "Unbelievable Animals" (2021). +Rodman is a transgender woman. + += = = Dave Sheridan (actor) = = = +David Christopher Sheridan (born March 10, 1969) is an American actor, comedian, writer, producer, and musician. He played Special Officer Doofy in the comedy "Scary Movie" (2000). + += = = Bertice Berry = = = +Bertice Berry (born 1960) is an American sociologist, author, lecturer, and educator. She was born in Wilmington, Delaware and taught at Kent State University. She was the host and co-executive producer of her own nationally syndicated talk show, "The Bertice Berry Show", from 1993 to 1994. +Besides having her own talk show, Berry has also appeared on "The Oprah Winfrey Show", "The Tonight Show with Jay Leno", TEDx Talk, "CBS Nightwatch", CNN's "Crossfire", and "Sonya Live". Berry was born in Wilmington, Delaware. + += = = Michelle Rodríguez (Mexican actress) = = = +Michelle Rodríguez (Xochimilco, Mexico City, December 1, 1983), is a Mexican film, theater and television actress, singer and comedian. She is known for playing the character of Toña in the television series "40 y 20". +Early life. +Michelle Rodríguez was born in Xochimilco, Mexico City on 1st of December 1983. At an early age, she wanted to be an actress and comedian. She studied design and visual communication at the National Autonomous University of Mexico. +Career. +She joined the entertainment industry in 1999. She started with dubbing, voiceover, and radio production. Later in her career, she did comedy, musical theater, interpretation, and acting. She made her television debut in 2012 in the successful telenovela "AmoresTrues." In 2012 and 2013, she played the character of "Polita" alongside Mexican actors such as Erika Buenfil, Eduardo Yáñez, Sebastián Rulli and Eiza González in the TV-show "Amores verdaderos". She joined the main cast of the comedy series "40 y 20" where she played "Toña", sharing scenes with Jorge Van Rankin and Mauricio Garza. + += = = George Wallace (American comedian) = = = +George Henry Wallace (born July 21, 1952) is an American comedian and actor. +His movie roles include in "3 Strikes" and the Coen Brothers movie "The Ladykillers" (2004, as Sheriff Wyner). Wallace also appeared in "Batman Forever" (1995) as the Mayor of Gotham City. He also appeared in "A Rage in Harlem" (1991), "The Wash" (2001), "Punchline" (1988), "Things Are Tough All Over" (1982), "Postcards from the Edge" (1990), and "Mr. Deeds" (2002). + += = = Bianca Del Rio = = = +Roy Haylock (born June 27, 1975), better known by the stage name Bianca Del Rio, is an American drag queen, comedian, actor, and costume designer. She is known for winning the sixth season of "RuPaul's Drag Race". + += = = Jonah Ray = = = +Jonah Ray Rodrigues (born August 3, 1982) is an American actor, comedian and writer. He plays Jonah Heston in "Mystery Science Theater 3000". He is a former host of "The Nerdist Podcast" and was the co-host of Comedy Central's "The Meltdown with Jonah and Kumail".. + += = = Billie Bird = = = +Billie Bird Sellen (February 28, 1908 – November 27, 2002), known professionally as Billie Bird, was an American actress and comedian. She played Margie in "Dear John" (1988–1992). + += = = Ryan Hamilton (comedian) = = = +Ryan Hamilton (born 1976) is an American stand-up comedian. He was born in Ashton, Idaho. He is known for using observational, sarcastic, and self-deprecating humor. +Hamilton was named one of "Rolling Stone"s Five Comics to Watch in 2012, and also has made standout appearances on "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon", "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "Conan", "The Late Late Show", "Last Comic Standing", Comedy Central, and Showtime. +His first comedy special, "Happy Face", was released at Netflix in 2017. + += = = Reggie Watts = = = +Reginald Lucien Frank Roger Watts (born March 23, 1972) is a German-born American comedian, actor, beatboxer and musician. He appeared on the IFC series "Comedy Bang! Bang!" and leads the house band for "The Late Late Show with James Corden". + += = = Amber Preston = = = +Amber Preston is an American stand-up comedian. +In 2011, comic Marc Maron named her one of his five top comedians to watch. In 2018, entertainment website Thrillist named her one of the best undiscovered comedians in America. +Her debut album, "Sparkly Parts", was released April 17, 2020, debuting at No. 1 on both the Amazon and iTunes comedy charts. + += = = Timmy Williams = = = +Timmy Williams (born April 10, 1981) is an American comedian and radio personality. He is a member of the sketch comedy troupe "The Whitest Kids U' Know". + += = = Gary Mule Deer = = = +Gary Mule Deer (born Gary C. Miller; November 21, 1939) is an American comedian and country musician. He made over 350 television appearances, including many on both "The Tonight Show starring Johnny Carson" and the "Late Show with David Letterman". +He was one of six comedians, along with Jay Leno, to star on the first HBO comedy special, "Freddie Prinze and Friends". He was the co-host of Don Kirshner's Rock Concert for four years on NBC, a regular on "Make Me Laugh". He was a judge on "The Gong Show". He has made over 100 appearances on The Nashville Network, including the last two years as a cast member on "Hee Haw". +He appeared in the movies "Annie Hall", "Up In Smoke" and "Tilt". + += = = Mack Swain = = = +Mack Swain (born Moroni Swain; February 16, 1876 – August 25, 1935) was an early American actor. He appeared in many of Mack Sennett’s comedies at Keystone Studios. He also appeared in some Charlie Chaplin movies. + += = = Jim J. Bullock = = = +James Jackson Bullock (born February 9, 1955) is an American actor and comedian. He later became a semi-regular on "ALF" (from 1989 to 1990) as Neal Tanner. He guest-hosted a special episode of "Super Sloppy Double Dare" in 1989. Bullock was the voice of "Queer Duck" in the animated series of cartoons. + += = = Susan Theresa Burke = = = +Susan Theresa Burke is an American writer, actress and stand-up comic. She was born in Casper, Wyoming. She is known for co-writing the movie "Smashed". The movie is about her life and comedic career while going through alcoholism. + += = = Bokermannohyla saxicola = = = +The ledge tree frog ("Bokermannohyla saxicola") is a frog that lives in Brazil. It lives in the Serra do Espinhaço and Serra de Cipó mountains, usually more than 800 meters above sea level. +This frog is 5.0 to 5.4 cm long from nose to rear end. +These frogs live in montane meadows, grassy places partway up mountains. It lays eggs in rocky streams. This frog only lives below 800 meters above sea level when the streams stay rocky that low. Scientists have seen it as close to sea level as 600 meters, always by rocky streams. The tadpoles take about five months to grow. +There are four different groups of ledge tree frogs, each living around the top of a different mountain. +Scientists looked at the frog's DNA. They saw it became its own species 6.1 million years ago, during the c. 6.1 million years ago Miocene era. + += = = Olivia Cajero Bedford = = = +Olivia Cajero Bedford ( 1938 – February 10, 2022) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the Arizona Senate, representing District 3 from 2013 to 2019. Cajero Bedford was a member of the Arizona House of Representatives from 2003 until 2011. Cajero Bedford was born in Tucson, Arizona. +Cajero Bedford died on February 10, 2022 at the age of 83. + += = = Charles B. Deane Jr. = = = +Charles Bennett Deane Jr. (February 21, 1937 – February 6, 2022) was an American lawyer and politician. Deane was born in Rockingham, North Carolina. He was in the North Carolina Senate and was a Democrat during the 1970s. +Deane Jr. died at his home in Rockingham at the age of 84. + += = = Rockingham, North Carolina = = = +Rockingham is a city in Richmond County, North Carolina, United States named after the Marquess of Rockingham. The population was 9,243 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Richmond County. + += = = Ian McDonald (musician) = = = +Ian McDonald (25 June 1946 – 9 February 2022) was an English multi-instrumental musician. He was best known as a founding member of progressive rock band King Crimson in 1969, and of Foreigner in 1976. +McDonald died at his home in New York City, on February 9, 2022, at the age of 75. + += = = 1987 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +The 1987 FIFA World Youth Championship took place in Chile from 10 to 25 October 1987. The 1987 championship was the 6th contested and won for the first time by Yugoslavia. Remarkably, in the course of the tournament the Yugoslavs defeated each of the three other semi-finalists, and eliminated the defending champions Brazil. The tournament took place in four venues: Antofagasta, Valparaíso, Concepción and Santiago. + += = = Samson Tijani = = = +Samson Okikiola Tijani (born 17 May 2002) is a Nigerian professional footballer. He plays as a midfielder for 2. Liga club Liefering. He is on loan from Red Bull Salzburg. He also plays for the Nigeria national team. +Club career. +Tijani began his career with Collins Edwin Sports Club On July 17th 2020 he signed with Austrian Bundesliga club Red Bull Salzburg. On 14 August, Tijani came to Hartberg for the season on loan. He made his debut for Hartberg on 30 August against Dornbirner in the Austrian Cup. In the league he made his debut on 12 September 2020 against Rheindorf Altach. +FC Liefering. +On 1 July 2021, Tijani was loaned out to Liefering on a season long loan. +FC Red Bull Salzburg. +On 6 February Tijani made his professional debut for the Red Bull Salzburg in the Cup match against LASK. He came in in min 89 for Nicolas Capaldo in a 3:1 win. +In the league he debuted on February 11 when he came in for Antoine Bernede in min 74 in the match versus SK Rapid Wien. +In a friendly match before the start of the 2022-23 season versus Feyenoord Rotterdam on 9 July 2022 he suffered a shin and fibula fracture. +International career. +Tijani was part of the Nigeria team in the Africa U-17 Cup of Nations. Tijani made his debut with the senior Nigeria national team in a friendly 1-0 loss to Algeria on 9 October 2020. + += = = Milwaukee Deep = = = +The Milwaukee Deep (also called the Milwaukee Depth), near Puerto Rico, is the deepest area in the Atlantic Ocean. It is also the eighth deepest area in the ocean. The depth of Milwaukee Deep is the 27,493 ft (8,380 m). Milwaukee Deep is in the Puerto Rico Trench, where the Caribbean plate and the Atlantic Ocean plate meet together. Milwaukee Deep is a part of the larger Brownson Deep which creates a very long depression. +History. +The Milwaukee Deep is named after the ship USS "Milwaukee", which was named after the city Milwaukee, Wisconsin. This ship was the first to discover the Milwaukee Deep on February 14, 1939. At the time it was read to be 28,680 feet. This was found to be wrong in 2018 when Victor Vescovo dived down and found that it could not have been deeper than 27,493 ft. + += = = Lois Mailou Jones = = = +Lois Mailou Jones (1905-1998) was an American painter and teacher. She is considered part of the Harlem Renaissance. She taught at Howard University for over 40 years. +Biography. +Jones was born in Boston, Massachusetts on November 3, 1905 to Thomas Vreeland and Carolyn Jones. Her father was a building (or manager) who later became a lawyer; He was the first African-American to get a law degree from Suffolk University Law School. Her mother worked as a cosmetologist. +Jones attended the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, the Boston Normal School of Arts, and the Designers Art School. +Jones took a job teaching art at Howard University in 1930. Jones taught there until 1977. Her students included Elizabeth Catlett, David C. Driskell, and Sylvia Snowden. +In 1955 Jones became a member of the Society of Washington Artists. Jones was the first African-American artist to become a member. +Jones died on June 9, 1998 in Washington, D.C.. +Jones' work is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the National Gallery of Art, the National Museum of Women in the Arts, and the Smithsonian American Art Museum, + += = = Someone to Watch Over Me = = = +Someone to Watch Over Me is a 1987 American British romantic crime thriller movie directed by Ridley Scott and starring Tom Berenger, Mimi Rogers, Lorraine Bracco, Jerry Orbach, John Rubinstein, Mark Moses, Tracey Childs, Daniel Hugh Kelly. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures. + += = = Voiced alveolar lateral fricative = = = +The voiced alveolar lateral fricative is a type of consonant. Some spoken languages use it. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is (sometimes called "lezh"). The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is codice_1. The voiced alveolar lateral fricative is not used in English. +Examples. +Alveolar. +A pharyngealized voiced alveolar lateral fricative is reconstructed to be the ancient Classical Arabic pronunciation of the Arabic letter . (This means that linguists do not know how the letter was actually pronounced. However, by looking at modern languages, they think that this is how it was pronounced in the ancient language.) Today, the letter is pronounced in Modern Standard Arabic as a pharyngealized voiced coronal stop. This sound can be either alveolar or denti-alveolar . +Notation. +In 1938, a letter shaped similarly to heng was approved as the official IPA letter for this sound. It replaced . However, the International Phonetic Association also suggested that a compromise between the two letters could be used if the author wanted. This compromise letter was included in the 1949 "Principles of the International Phonetic Association" and the IPA charts of that year. Although the International Phonetic Association said to use this letter, some authors still used from the 1960s to the 1980s. Later, this new letter was replaced by at the 1989 Kiel Convention. + += = = Egyptian = = = +Egyptian might mean: + += = = List of Russian novelists = = = +This is a list of famous Russian writers who have written novels and/or short fiction. + += = = Evgeniya Brik = = = +Evgeniya Brik (, maiden name Khirivskaya (���������), 3 September 1981 – 10 February 2022) was a Russian actress. She was best known for playing Kalinka in the Belgian television series "Matroesjka's". Her career began in 2000. Brik was born in Moscow. +Brik died from cancer in Los Angeles, California on 10 February 2022 in Moscow, aged 40. + += = = Johnny Ellis = = = +Johnny Ellis (March 13, 1960 – February 9, 2022) was an American politician. He was a member of the Alaska Senate from 1992 to 2017. He was a member of the Alaska House of Representatives from 1986 through 1992. Ellis was born in Springfield, Missouri. He was a member of the Democratic Party. Ellis was the state senate's majority leader from 2009 until 2011. +In 2016, Ellis was diagnosed with prostate cancer and multiple sclerosis. He was also openly gay. +Ellis died on February 9, 2022 from cardiac arrest caused by his cancer and multiple sclerosis at his brother's home in Harrison, Arkansas at the age of 61. + += = = Anthony J. Mercorella = = = +Anthony J. Mercorella (March 6, 1927 – February 3, 2022) was an American politician. He was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1966 to 1972. He was in the New York City Council from 1973 to 1975. Mercorella was born in New York City. He was a member of the Democratic Party. +Mercorella died on February 3, 2022 in Naples, Florida, one month before his 95th birthday. + += = = Issawi Frej = = = +Issawi Frej (, ; born 14 December 1963) is an Arab-Israeli politician who currently serves as a minister and was a member of the Knesset for Meretz in 2021. He was also a member of Knesset for the party between 2013 and 2019. He is the Minister of Regional Cooperation since 2021. He is the second Muslim minister in Israeli history, after Raleb Majadle. +Frej was born in Kafr Qasim, Israel. He studied at Hebrew University of Jerusalem. +In February 2022, Frej was hospitalized under critical condition in Tel Aviv, Israel after having a stroke. + += = = Kafr Qasim = = = +Kafr Qasim (, ), also spelled as Kafr Qassem, Kufur Kassem, Kfar Kassem and Kafar Kassem, is a hill-top city in Israel with an Arab population. It is located about east of Tel Aviv. + += = = Polysporangiophyte = = = +Polysporangiophytes, also called polysporangiates or formally Polysporangiophyta, are a type of plant. The sporophyte of these plants have branching stems (axes).These stems have sporangia. The name means "many sporangia plant". The clade includes all land plants (embryophytes) except for the bryophytes (liverworts, mosses and hornworts). The sporophytes f those plants are normally unbranched. + += = = Steve Mortimer = = = +Stephen Charles Mortimer (born 15 July 1956), also nicknamed "Turvey", is an Australian former rugby league player. He was a halfback. Mortimer played a Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs club record 272 first grade games between 1976 and 1988, winning four premierships during the 1980s. He was born in the Sydney suburb of Yagoona, and was raised in Wagga Wagga, New South Wales. He also played for the New South Wales team between 1977 and 1985. From 1981 to 1984, he also played for the Australian national team. +In 2021, Mortimer was diagnosed with dementia. In February 2022, he was sent to a care home. + += = = Wordle = = = +Wordle is a word game developed by Josh Wardle. Players have six guesses to find a five-letter word. After each guess the computer shows the player a colour-coded version of their word, thus helping them reach the right answer. +This shows the player if each letter in the word is: +There is only one word to guess per day. + += = = Flight dynamics (spacecraft) = = = +Spacecraft flight dynamics is the use of dynamics to show how forces can act on a space vehicle or spacecraft. The aim is to determine the flight path of spacecrafts. + += = = Bokermannohyla langei = = = +The Marumbi tree frog ("Bokermannohyla langei") is a frog that lives in Brazil. + += = = Malabar grey hornbill = = = +The Malabar grey hornbill ("Ocyceros griseus") is a hornbill endemic to the Western Ghats and associated hills of southern India. They have a large beak but lack the casque that is prominent in some other hornbill species. They are found mainly in dense forest and around rubber, arecanut or coffee plantations. They move around in pairs or small groups, feeding on figs and other forest fruits. Their loud cackling and laughing call makes them familiar to people living in the region. + += = = Wirdum, Germany = = = +Wirdum is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Bad Bentheim = = = +Bad Bentheim (; ) is a town in the southwestern part of Lower Saxony, Germany, in the County of Bentheim on the borders of North Rhine-Westphalia and the Netherlands about 15 km south of Nordhorn and 20 km northeast of Enschede. +Geography. +Extent of the municipal area. +The town limit is 49 km, with a north–south reach of 14 km and an east–west reach of 12 km. The area under Bad Bentheim's power, along with all its constituent communities, has a total area of 100.16 km2. +Neighbouring communities. +Bad Bentheim, a town shaped by the Evangelical Church, belongs to Lower Saxony's district of Bentheim. It borders on two other towns in Lower Saxony, Schüttorf and Nordhorn as well as on the Catholic towns of Gronau and Ochtrup in North Rhine-Westphalia's Steinfurt and Borken districts respectively. Bad Bentheim is right on the Dutch border, its immediate neighbours on the other side being de Lutte and Losser, both Catholic places in the province of Overijssel (Twente region). Not far away is the Dutch cities of Almelo, Enschede and Hengelo, and on the German side Lingen, Rheine, Münster and Osnabrück. +Constituent communities. +The town has the centres of Achterberg, Bardel, Gildehaus, Hagelshoek, Holt und Haar, Sieringhoek, Waldseite and Westenberg. + += = = Lichtenvoorde = = = +Lichtenvoorde (Achterhooks: "Lechtenvoorde") is a town and former municipality in the province of Gelderland, the Netherlands. About 12,900 people were living there in 2020. It lies in the Achterhoek region. +Lichtenvoorde used to be a municipality. On 1 January 2005, it joined the municipality of Groenlo. Last one was renamed Oost Gelre on 20 May 2006, of which Lichtenvoorde is the seat. +Zwarte Cross, which is a motorcross, music and theatre festival, is held in Lichtenvoorde every year. + += = = Emlichheim = = = +Emlichheim (Low German: Emmelkamp) is a municipality in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany, about 20 km south of Emmen, and 25 km northwest of Nordhorn. +Geography. +Emlichheim is right on the German-Dutch border. The community is bordered on the south by the river Vechte and on the north by the Coevorden-Picardy Canal. It is the administrative seat of the "Samtgemeinde Emlichheim", whose members also include Hoogstede, Laar and Ringe. + += = = Emlichheim (Samtgemeinde) = = = +Emlichheim is a "Samtgemeinde" ("collective municipality") in Bentheim, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the municipality Emlichheim. +The "Samtgemeinde" Emlichheim has the following municipalities: + += = = Engden = = = +Engden is a community in Bentheim in Lower Saxony. +Geography. +Place. +Engden is between Nordhorn and Schüttorf. It belongs to the Joint Community "(Samtgemeinde)" of Schüttorf, whose administrative seat is in the like-named town. + += = = Esche, Lower Saxony = = = +Esche is a community in Bentheim in Lower Saxony. +Geography. +Place. +Esche is on the Vechte between Nordhorn and Emlichheim. It belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Neuenhaus, whose administrative seat is in the like-named town. + += = = Georgsdorf = = = +Georgsdorf is a community in Bentheim in Lower Saxony. +Geography. +Place. +Georgsdorf is north of Nordhorn on the "Süd-Nord-Kanal" (South-North Canal) and the "Coevorden-Piccardie-Kanal". It belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Neuenhaus, whose administrative seat is in the like-named town. + += = = Getelo = = = +Getelo is a community in Bentheim in Lower Saxony. +Geography. +Place. +Getelo is west of Nordhorn on the border with the Netherlands. It belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Uelsen, whose administrative seat is in the like-named community. +Constituent communities. +The community’s two centres are Getelo and Getelomoor. + += = = Gölenkamp = = = +Gölenkamp is a community in Bentheim in Lower Saxony. +Geography. +Place. +Gölenkamp is northwest of Nordhorn. It belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Uelsen, whose administrative seat is in the town of the same name. +Constituent communities. +The community’s three centres are Gölenkamp, Haftenkamp and Hardinghausen. + += = = Halle, Bentheim = = = +Halle is a village in the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Uelsen, in Bentheim in Lower Saxony. +Further centres are Belthoek, Bovenhoek, Dalenhoek, Erstenhoek and Kleihoek. + += = = Hoogstede = = = +Hoogstede is a community in Bentheim in Lower Saxony. +Geography. +Place. +Hoogstede is northwest of Nordhorn on the German-Dutch border. The Vechte flows through town, and its tributary, the Lee releases into it here. The community belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Emlichheim, whose administrative seat is in the like-named community. +Constituent communities. +The community’s seven centres are Hoogstede, Kalle, Tinholt, Arkel, Bathorn, Scheerhorn and Berge. + += = = Isterberg = = = +The community of Isterberg in Lower Saxony’s district of Bentheim came into being in the 1970s through the combination of the two previous communities of Wengsel and Neerlage. It is between Bad Bentheim and Nordhorn and belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Schüttorf, whose administrative seat is in the like-named town. + += = = Itterbeck = = = +Itterbeck in Bentheim in Lower Saxony is an old farming community that has developed into an independent community with almost 1,800 residents (2005). Itterbeck belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Uelsen, whose administrative seat is in the like-named community. +Itterbeck’s constituent communities ("Ortsteile") are Itterbeck, Egge, Itterbeckermoor, Kleine Striepe, Balderhaarmoor, Itterbeckerdoose and Ratzel. + += = = Laar = = = +Laar is a community in Bentheim in Lower Saxony. +Geography. +Place. +Laar is northwest of Nordhorn on the German-Dutch border. It belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Emlichheim, whose administrative seat is in the like-named town. The Vechte runs through the community. +Neighbouring communities. +The community of Laar borders in the south on the communities of Wielen and Wilsum, in the east on the community of Emlichheim, in the north on the Dutch community of Coevorden and in the west on the Dutch community of Hardenberg in Overijssel. +Constituent communities. +The community of Laar has the six constituent centres ("Ortsteile") of Agterhorn, Echteler, Eschebrügge, Heesterkante, Laar and Vorwald. + += = = Lage, Lower Saxony = = = +Lage is a community on the river Dinkel in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony with about 1,000 residents. It belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Neuenhaus. + += = = Neuenhaus = = = +Neuenhaus is a town in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, and is the seat of a like-named collective municipality Neuenhaus. Neuenhaus is on the rivers Dinkel and Vechte near the border with the Netherlands and is about 10 km northwest of Nordhorn, and 30 km north of Enschede. + += = = Larry Warner = = = +Larry Logan Warner (April 12, 1945 – Febraury 1, 2022) was an American lawyer and politician. Warner was born in Washington, D.C.. He spent his life in Harlingen, Texas. Warner was in the Texas House of Representatives from 1987 to 1991. He was a Democrat. +Warner died on February 1, 2022 in Harlingen at the age of 76. + += = = InterCity = = = +The InterCity (abbreviated: IC), otherwise known as the InterContinental, is a category of long-distance passenger trains in Europe. An international variant of the InterCity trains are the EuroCity (EC) ones. + += = = Nordhorn = = = +Nordhorn is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is the district seat of the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony's southwesternmost corner near the border with the Netherlands and the boundary with North Rhine-Westphalia. +Geography. +Place. +The town is in southwesternmost Lower Saxony, near the border with the Netherlands and the boundary with North Rhine-Westphalia, on the river Vechte. The nearest major city is Hengelo in the Netherlands, some southwest of Nordhorn. The nearest German cities are Münster, about to the southeast, and Osnabrück, about to the east. +The landscape in and around Nordhorn is marked by the Vechte, the Vechtesee (lake), through which the Vechte flows, and three canals: the "Süd-Nord-Kanal", the "Nordhorn-Almelo-Kanal" and the "Ems-Vechte-Kanal". +Extent of the municipal area. +Through various combinations the town's area has grown to 14 959 ha, only slightly smaller than the Principality of Liechtenstein. +Neighbouring communities. +North of Nordhorn is the town and joint community ("Samtgemeinde") both called Neuenhaus, while the communities of Engden and Isterberg are in the south. The town's western limit is also part of Germany's border with the Netherlands. +Constituent communities. +Nordhorn is subdivided into 17 quarters "("Stadtteile")". +Twin towns – sister cities. +Nordhorn is twinned with: + += = = Claire D. Cronin = = = +Claire D. Cronin (born January 29, 1960) is an American lawyer and politician. She has been the United States Ambassador to Ireland since 2022 during the Joe Biden administration. She was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from the 11th Plymouth district from 2013 until 2022. Cronin was the first woman to be the state's House Majority Leader. +In May 2021, President Joe Biden was reported to have picked Cronin as the United States Ambassador to Ireland. On June 23, 2021, the nomination was officially announced. On January 19, 2022, Cronin was sworn in as the United States Ambassador to Ireland. Her term began on February 10, 2022. + += = = Schnellzug = = = +A Schnellzug is an express train in German-speaking countries, where it refers to trains that do not stop at all stations along a line. In Germany and Austria it is also referred to colloquially as a D-Zug, a short form of Durchgangszug ("through train"), and express train services were often given numbers preceded by the letter "D". The similar term, "snälltåg", was used in Sweden until January 1980. +On the railway networks operated by the Deutsche Bahn (DB), the Austrian Federal Railway (ÖBB) and the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) today, express trains are divided into categories such as Eurocity, Intercity, Interregio etc. The DB still occasionally runs "D-Zug" services in night trains ("D-Nacht"), especially those to its eastern European neighbours, and as relief trains. Museum services running on DB routes are also given "D-Zug" numbers. ÖBB runs D-Züge on main routes from/to Vienna on weekends and during rush hours. + += = = Piedmont (United States) = = = +The Piedmont is a plateau area in the Eastern United States. It is located between the Atlantic coastal plain and the main Appalachian Mountains. The plateu goes from New York in the north to Alabama in the south. The Piedmont Province is a physiographic province of the larger Appalachian division/ It is made up of the Gettysburg-Newark Lowlands, the Piedmont Upland and the Piedmont Lowlands. +Boundaries. +The Atlantic Seaboard fall line marks the Piedmont's eastern boundary. To the west, it is bounded by the Blue Ridge Mountains. They are the easternmost range of the main Appalachians. The width of the Piedmont varies. It os very narrow above the Delaware River . It is almost wide in North Carolina. The Piedmont's area is about . +Origin of name. +The name "Piedmont" comes from the , meaning "foothill". It comes from the Latin "pedemontium", meaning "at the foot of the mountains". This id similar to the name of the Italian region of Piedmont ("Piemonte"). +Geology. +The Piedmont is mainly an area of relatively low, rolling hills. They have a height above sea level between 200 feet (50 m) to 1,000 feet (300 m). Its geology is complex. THere are many rock formations of different materials and ages. The Piedmont is the remains of several old mountain chains. Geologists say at least five separate events led to sediment being depositted. These include the Grenville orogeny and the Appalachian orogeny. The last major event in the history of the Piedmont was the break-up of Pangaea. This was when North America and Africa began to separate. +Soils and farming. +Piedmont soils are generally clay-like (Ultisols). They are moderately fertile. In some areas, they have suffered from erosion . They have also been farmed heavily. This is mostly in the South where cotton was the main crop. In the central Piedmont region of North Carolina and Virginia, tobacco is the main crop. In the north region, the land is used for many different things. These include orchards, dairying, and general farming. +Cities. +Many major cities are on the Atlantic Seaboard fall line, the eastern boundary of the Piedmont. Within the Piedmont area, there are many large urban areas. The largest is the Philadelphia metropolitan area in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. The Piedmont cuts Maryland in half, It covers the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area. In Virginia, the Greater Richmond metropolitan area is the largest. In North Carolina, the Piedmont Crescent includes several areas. These include the Charlotte metropolitan area, the Piedmont Triad, and the Research Triangle. Other notable areas include the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC Combined Statistical Area in South Carolina, and the Atlanta metropolitan area in Georgia. + += = = Rasmus Kristensen = = = +Rasmus Nissen Kristensen (born 11 July 1997) is a Danish professional footballer. He plays as a right-back for Serie A club Roma, on loan from Leeds United, and the Denmark national team. +Youth career. +Kristensen began playing football at the age of six with Brande IF. He played in the club for six years then he went on to Herning Fremad. In 2012 Kristensen signed a youth contract with FC Midtjylland. +Club career. +FC Midtjylland. +In summer 2016 at the age of 18 he became member of the first team. He signed af five-year professional contract. +On 7 March 2016 he debuted in a Superliga match against FC Nordsjælland. He came in in min 39 for Václav Kadlec. In his first year he became a important player for the team in the 2016-17 season. +Ajax. +On 23 January 2018, Kristensen joined Ajax on a four-and-a-half-year contract. +RB Salzburg. +2019 he moved to Austria and joined Austrian Football Bundesliga club FC Red Bull Salzburg on a 5-year contract. +Leeds United F.C.. +On 8 June 2022, Kristensen went to Premier League club Leeds United on a five year contract . The fee was around £10 million. He debuted for Leeds as part of the starting eleven in their season opener on 6 August with a 2-1 home win over Wolverhampton Wanderers. +International career. +He made his debut for the Denmark national football team on 4 September 2021 in a World Cup qualifier against the Faroe Islands, a 1–0 away victory. He started the game and was substituted at half-time. +Personal life. +Kristensen is the nephew of the former Sturm Graz player Sigurd Kristensen. +Honours. +Ajax +Red Bull Salzburg +Individual + += = = InterRegio = = = +The InterRegio or Interregio (abbreviated: IR) is a category of trains in multiple European countries. They are existing in Switzerland, Luxembourg, Poland, Denmark, Hungary, Romania and in Portugal and run "from region to region", as described by Swiss Federal Railways (SBB). + += = = Interregio-Express = = = +The Interregio-Express (abbreviated: IRE) is a category of trains operated by DB Regio which is only available in the German states of Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Berlin as well as in Switzerland (Basel Badischer Bahnhof, Schaffhausen, Kreuzlingen). It has fewer stops than Regional-Express trains. + += = = Regional-Express = = = +The Regional-Express, Regionalexpress or RegioExpress in Switzerland (abbreviated: RE or REX in Austria) is a category of trains in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Luxembourg. It calls at fewer stations than Regionalbahn services. + += = = Mahmoud Fawzi = = = +Mahmoud Fawzi was born on September 19, 1900. He died on June 12, 1981. He was an Egyptian diplomat and was the Prime Minister of Egypt from 1970 to 1972. Fawzi was the vice president of Egypt from 1972 to 1974. +Life. +Fawzi was born in a village near Quwaysina, Monufia Governorate. His father graduated from al'Ulum and the Shari'a Judges School. +Education. +Fawzi learned law at the University of Cairo. He got a PhD in Criminal law in the year 1926 from many universities. These include Liverpool University, Columbia University and University of Rome La Sapienza. +Early career. +He was very active politically when he was young. He was the consulate for Egypt in Kobe, Hyōgo from 1926 to the 30s. In 1942 he became a consul-general(the leader of a group of consuls) in Jerusalem. He was then an Egyptian representative for the United Nations in 1947. He was then an ambassador to the United Kingdom in 1952. In 1952, Gamal Abdel Nasser became the new leader of Egypt. Because of this, Fawzi became the foreign minister of Egypt. Fawzi was thought to be a good candidate. This was because he was very good at speaking many languages. He also stayed away from argument. +Foreign affairs. +Fawzi was a foreign minister of Egypt until 1958. In 1958, the United Arab Republic(a union between Egypt and Syria) was formed. Fawzi was the foreign minister for them. In 1961, the United Arab Republic collapsed. Fawzi stopped being a foreign minister in 1964. After that, he was an advisor to Gamal Abdel Nasser for foreign affairs. Nasser died in 1970 so Fawzi became the prime minister of Egypt. Fawzi was the prime minister until January of 1972. After that, he served as the vice-president of Egypt. He retired in 1974. He then wrote the book "Suez War", a book about the Suez Crisis. It was published after he died in 1981. + += = = Flughafen-Express = = = +The Flughafen-Express (abbreviated: FEX) is a category of trains in Germany and currently only operates from Berlin Brandenburg Airport to Berlin Central Station. + += = = Family therapy = = = +Family therapy (also called family counseling, family systems therapy, marriage and family therapy, couple and family therapy) is a branch of psychology that works with families and couples in relationships to help change and development. + += = = August Natterer = = = +August Natterer (3 August 1868 – 7 October 1933), also known as Neter, was a German artist with schizophrenia. Because he suffered form delusions and hallucinations, he was put in a psychiatric hospital in 1907. There, he started to paint. His paintings are mostly about his hallucinations, and delusions. The style of painting is known as Outsider art, or Art brut today. + += = = Adolf Hütter = = = +Adolf "Adi" H��tter (; born 11 February 1970) is an Austrian professional football coach and former player who is the manager of Ligue 1 club Monaco. +Playing career. +Hütter played in the youth teams of Altach in his youth. In his senior career he played for LASK, Altach, Grazer AK and Austria Salzburg. With Salzburg he won three-times the Austrian championship and won the Supercup. He also played in the UEFA-Cup final in 1994 against Inter Milan. Hütter played for the Austrian national team 14 times and scored 3 times. +In 2000 went to Grazer AK again. 2002 he played for the first division team Kapfenberg. In 2005 Hütter played for Red Bull Salzburg Juniors and secured promotion to the Austrian first division. Health problems were the reason why he became assistant of Gerald Baumgartner in August 2007. +Coaching career. +Salzburg Juniors, Altach, Grödig, Salzburg. +Hütter is the former assistant coach and head coach of Red Bull Salzburg Juniors. He finished with a record of 13 wins, seven draws, and 15 losses at the club. Then he was head coach of Rheindorf Altach between 1 July 2009 and 5 April 2012. In the 2009–10 season, Rheindorf Altach lost to FC Pasching in the first round of the Austrian Cup and finished third in the league. In the 2010–11 season, Rheindorf Altach got to the Round of 16 of the Austrian Cup and finished second in the league. In the 2011–12 season, Rheindorf Altach were eliminated from the Austrian Cup in the first round. On 1 July 2012 he became manager of SV Grödig. In the 2012–13 season, Grödig were eliminated in the second round of the Austrian Cup. In the 2013–14 season, Grödig were eliminated in the first round of the Austrian Cup. They got a 2014–15 UEFA Europa League place after 3–3 draw on the final matchday against Wacker Innsbruck. Then he took over Red Bull Salzburg for the 2014–15 season His first training session was on 16 June 2014. His first match was a 10–1 win against 1. SC Sollenau on 12 July 2014. After one season he resigned on 15 June 2015. He won the double in his only season. His final match was a 2–0 win in the Austrian Cup final on 3 June 2015. +Young Boys Bern. +In September 2015, Hütter took over as head coach of Swiss Super League side BSC Young Boys. In April 2018 Hütter's Young Boys won the Swiss Super League for the first time since 1986. +Eintracht Frankfurt. +On 16 May 2018 became head coach of Eintracht Frankfurt. He started as coach on 1 July 2018. His first match was a 0-5 loss versus Bayern München in the German Supercup. Afterwards Eintracht Frankfurt was knocked out in the first round of the German Cup by fourth division SSV Ulm. Also in the Bundesliga there was a weak start(just 4 points in five matchdays. But they did'nt loose the next 11 games. the second half of the season was sucessful. They reached the semi-final of the Europa League where they drew two times and lost on penalties against Chelsea. At the end of the season, Hütter was voted by readers of German newspaper Bild as Coach of the Year while Eintracht Frankfurt was voted as the Team of the Year. The union of professional football players also voted Hütter as Coach of the Year. +On 13 April, Hütter announced that he would leave Frankfurt and join Borussia Mönchengladbach for the 2021–22 season. +Borussia Mönchengladbach. +After one season he left Gladbach finishing tenth in the league on 14 May 2022. +AS Monaco. +In mid-2023 he signed a two-year contract with AS Monaco. + += = = 496 (number) = = = +496 (four hundred [and] ninety-six) is a natural number. It is after 495 and before 497. +In mathematics. +496 is the third perfect number. 496 is also a harmonic divisor number. This is because the number of proper divisors of 496 divided by the sum of the reciprocals of its divisors, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 31, 62, 124, 248 and 496 (the harmonic mean) is an integer. +496 is also a triangular number, hexagonal number and a centered nonagonal number. It is also the largest happy number less than 500. +There is no solution to the equation �("x") = 496. This means that 496 is a nontotient. + += = = Annie Jelles = = = +Johanna Maria "Annie" Jelles (born 1941) is a Dutch road cyclist from Amsterdam. +She competed at the 1959 UCI Road World Championships, in the women's road race event. That was the first time that the Dutch governing body KNWU sent female athletes to the World Championships*. +As of 2020 she is still cycling and lives in Scharwoude + += = = Shyne = = = +Moses Michael Levi Barrow (born Jamal Michael Barrow; November 8, 1978), better known by his stage name Shyne, is a Belizean rapper and politician. He is perhaps best known for his 2000 singles "Bad Boyz" and "Bonnie & Shyne". In 2020, he was elected a member of the House of Representatives. In 2022, he became a member of the Leader of the Opposition. + += = = Henry Thillberg = = = +Henry Thillberg (17 August 1930 – 6 February 2022) was a Swedish footballer. He played his entire career at Malmö FF as a midfielder from 1951 until 1962. Thillberg also played for the national team between 1953 until 1959, making 22 appearances and 8 goals. Thillberg was born in Malmö, Sweden. +Thillberg died from heart failure in Malmö on 6 February 2022, at the age of 91. + += = = Frank Bradford = = = +Frank Bradford (October 21, 1941 – February 2, 2022) was an American lawyer and politician. Bradford was born in Sumter, South Carolina. He was in the Georgia House of Representatives from 1997 to 1999. He was a Republican. +Bradford died on February 2, 2022 in Smyrna, Georgia at the age of 80. + += = = Nadia Germonpré = = = +Nadia Germonpré (born 1933) is a Belgian road cyclist. At the Belgian National Road Race Championships she won the bronze medal in 1960. +She represented Belgium at the 1958 UCI Road World Championships, 1959 UCI Road World Championships, and 1960 UCI Road World Championships. + += = = Millie Robinson = = = +Mildred Jessie "Millie" Robinson (1924 - 1994) was a Manx road cyclist. Robinson was the holder of the world hour record in 1958. +She was the winner of the first in 1955. She competed at the , in the women's road race event. +Robinson was a . She was also a champion sheep shearer. + += = = Harold Arlen = = = +Harold Arlen (born Hyman Arluck; February 15, 1905 – April 23, 1986) was an American composer. He composed over 500 songs. He is known for composing the songs for the 1939 movie "The Wizard of Oz", including "Over the Rainbow". Arlen won the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1939. + += = = 1989 FIFA U-16 World Championship = = = +The 1989 FIFA U-16 World Championship, the third edition of the tournament, was held in the Scottish cities of Glasgow, Edinburgh, Motherwell, Aberdeen, and Dundee between 10 June and 24 June 1989. Players born after 1 August 1972 could participate in this tournament. Saudi Arabia won the tournament and became the first Asian team to win a FIFA tournament. As of November 2019, they also became the only Asian men's team to win any FIFA tournament. + += = = List of Russian-language novelists = = = +This is a list of famous Russian-language writers who have written novels and/or short fiction. + += = = 1989 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +The 1989 FIFA World Youth Championship took place in Saudi Arabia between 16 February and 3 March 1989. The 1989 championship was the 7th contested. The tournament took place across four cities: Riyadh, Jeddah, Dammam, and Ta'if. + += = = Andrée Vaudel = = = +Andrée Vaudel (born 2 February 1940) is a French track road cyclist. On the road she won the bronze medal at the 1960 French National Road Race Championships. +She competed at the 1959 UCI Road World Championships and 1960 UCI Road World Championships. +As a track cyclist she won multiple medals at national championships, and became national champion in the individual pursuit in 1959. + += = = 107 (number) = = = +107 is a real number. It is above 106 and below 108. +In mathematics. +107 is a prime number. The next prime number is 109. This makes 107 a twin prime. +It is the fourth Busy beaver number, the maximum number of steps that any Turing machine with 2 symbols and 4 states can make before stopping. +In Chemistry. +107 is also the atomic number of bohrium. +Other uses. +107 is also: + += = = Fernley, Nevada = = = +Fernley is a city in Lyon County, Nevada, United States. It became a city in 1904. The population of the city was 22,895 at the 2020 census. + += = = Dayton, Nevada = = = +Dayton is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lyon County, Nevada, United States. The population was 15,153 at the 2020 census. + += = = Wilma van der Wal = = = +Wilma van der Wal (1933-2023) is a Dutch road and track cyclist from Amsterdam. She was one of the first women's road bicycle racers of the Netherlands. +She competed at the 1958 UCI Road World Championships. That year was the first World Championships were women competed. She competed in the women's road race event. She did not compete for the Royal Dutch Cycling Union (KNWU). She also competed at the 1958 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. +Van der Wal began cycling competitively in France in 1953. The Netherlands did not have women’s races at that time. When the Antwerpse Vrouwelijke Wieler Club was formed in Antwerp, Belgium in 1958, she became a member of that club. With the club, she competed in competitions in Great Britain. +After her career, in 1965, she married French-Tunesian sculptor Abdel Ménara and became a French teacher in Amsterdam. She died on 23 August 2023. + += = = Christian Ingemann Petersen = = = +Christian Ingemann Petersen (born 9 December 1873 - 25 January 1963) was a Danish track cyclist. He won the silver medal at the 1895 ICA Track Cycling World Championships, in the men's ‎amateur sprint event behind Jaap Eden. +Ingemann became five times Danish national champion in several disciplines in the 1890s. +In the sprint (1895 and 1896) standing race with tandem pacemaker (1890, 1895) and Danish mile (1889). Ingemann became a professional cyclist in 1897. + += = = Otto Küpferling = = = +Otto Küpferling was a German track cyclist in the 1900s and a member of "Radsportclub Sport Berlina". He competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics. +In 1904 he finished third at the national championships in the amateur sprint event. The next year, in 1905, he became German champion in the amateur sprint. He won the bronze medal at the 1906 Intercalated Games in the tandem sprint event together with Karl Arnold. At these Games he also participated in three other events. + += = = Public holidays in Azerbaijan = = = +There are several public holidays in Azerbaijan. Public holidays were regulated in the constitution of the Azerbaijan SSR for the first time on 19 May 1921. They are now regulated by the Constitution of Azerbaijan. +Holidays. +Other observances. +National days in Azerbaijan that are working days follows: +Religious days. +Only the holidays of Ramadan and Eid al-Adha are non-working religious days in Azerbaijan. This is because the country is highly secular and irreligious. The religious population mainly in Nardaran and a number of other villages and regions celebrate the Day of Ashura. Religious minorities like Orthodox Christians and Jews also celebrate notable religious days of their faith. Despite the fact that the holiday Novruz takes its roots from the religion of Zoroastrianism, almost all Azerbaijanis celebrates it as a holiday of spring. + += = = Lina Rojas = = = +Lina Mabel Rojas Zapata (born 30 October 2000) is a Colombian track cyclist. She won the gold medal in the madison event at 2023 Pan American Games and the bronze medal in the team pursuit event at the 2019 and 2023 Pan American Games. +She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, in the women's elimination event. + += = = Mariia Miliaeva = = = +Mariia Miliaeva (born 16 July 2001) is a Russian road and track cyclist. +She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, in the women's madison event. +She rode for the COGEAS METTLER LOOK PRO CYCLING TEAM, and A.R. MONEX WOMEN'S PRO CYCLING TEAM. + += = = Ohne, Germany = = = +Ohne is a community in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany. +Geography. +Place. +Ohne is between Nordhorn and Steinfurt on the boundary with North Rhine-Westphalia. The community belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Schüttorf, which has its seat in the like-named town. +Neighbouring communities. +Ohne's neighbours are Samern, Suddendorf, Brechte and Wettringen, the last two of which are in Westphalia. + += = = Scarthyla = = = +Scarthyla is a genus of tree frogs in the family Hylidae. They live in the Amazon Basin in Bolivia, Peru, and Brazil. They also live in Colombia and Venezuela and in some Caribbean countries. These frogs are called Madre de Dios treefrogs and South American aquatic treefrogs. They spend time in the water but not all their time. +Species. +The genus contains two species: + += = = Bill Melendez = = = +José Cuauhtémoc "Bill" Meléndez (November 15, 1916 - September 2, 2008) was a Mexican-born American character animator, voice actor, film director and producer. He was known for working on the "Peanuts" animated specials. Before "Peanuts", he worked as an animator for Walt Disney Animation Studios, Warner Bros. Cartoons and UPA. Melendez provided the voices of Snoopy and Woodstock in the latter as well. +In a career spanning more than 60 years, Melendez won six Primetime Emmy Awards and was nominated for 13 more. He was nominated for an Oscar and 5 Grammy Awards. The two "Peanuts" specials "A Charlie Brown Christmas" and "What Have We Learned, Charlie Brown", which he directed, were each honored with a Peabody Award. + += = = Equation of state = = = +In physics, chemistry and thermodynamics, equations of state are used to describe the state a dynamical system is in. . Equations of state are commonly used to describe the state of gases and fluids. In the real world, equations of state are approximations. They can be quite complex to write down, and usually, they are solved using numerical methods. +Variables. +There are certain variables such as pressure, volume, or temperature, that can be used to describe such a system. So in its simplest form, an equation of state is a function, that takes these dependent variables as input, the state can then be as simple as saying that in its current state, the function has the numerical value zero: +formula_1 +where p ist the pressure, V is the volume, and T is the temperature. +Ideal gas. +The simplest of these describes an ideal gas, it is the ideal gas law. This law can also be used to describe the state of real gases, in certain conditions (such as with a low pressure, and high temperature). + += = = Osterwald = = = +Osterwald is a community and part of the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Neuenhaus in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony. The community has the centres of Osterwald, Alte Piccardie and Hohenkörben (Veldhausen parish). +In Osterwald are found two brooks: the Soermannsbecke and the Böltbecke, which later release into the Lee +Neighbouring communities. +Osterwald’s neighbours are Veldhausen, Neuenhaus, Grasdorf, Georgsdorf, Esche, Hohenkörben and Bimolten. + += = = Choucroute garnie = = = +Choucroute garnie is a dish that can be found in the eastern parts of France, in Switzerland, Germany and Austria. In essence, it consists of Sauerkraut, with different types of sausages, and other cooked meat is added. Very often, potatoes are added too. There are many regional variations, and there's no set recipe. Most often, the sauerkraut is served with three or four different kinds of sausage, potatoes and other cooked meat. The types of sausages which are used are Morteau sausage, Saucisson vaudois, and Frankfurter. Other cooked, usually salty meat is commonly added, as are potatoes. +In other regions of France, there are also recipes with fish, shellfish and mussels. +Riesling, or another kind of white wine is used to prepare it. The version that uses Champagne instead is often called "Choucroute royale". +At the base, choucrote garnie is a dish of the common people, that is cheap to prepare. There are higher-priced versions that use foie gras, or deer. Many grands chefs also prepare their version. + += = = Devakottai taluk = = = +Devakottai taluk is a taluk of Sivagangai district of the Indian state of Tamil nadu. +Demography. +according to the 2011 census, the taluk of devakottai had a popluation of 157,328. + += = = Nganu Leima = = = +Nganu Leima (/ngaa-noo lei-ma) or Nganureima (/ngaa-noo-rei-ma) is the goddess of ducks and other water birds in Meitei mythology and religion. She is a sister of goddesses Khunu Leima and Shabi Leima. Legend says that all three sisters married to the same mortal man. +Etymology. +The Meitei female given name "Nganu Leima" (���� ���) is made up of two component words. The two words are "Nganu" (����) and "Leima" (���). In Meitei, "Nganu" (����) means duck. The word "Leima" (���) is further made up of two component words, "Lei" (��) and "Ma" (�). "Lei" (��) means land or earth. "Ma" (�) means "mother". Literally, "Leima" (���) can be translated as "Land Mother" or "Mother Earth". But in general context, "Leima" (���) means a queen or a mistress or a lady. +Description. +Goddess Nganu Leima is described as the mistress of all the ducks and the waterfowls of the world. At any moment, she could summon all the ducks and the waterfowls at any place she wishes. She is one of the daughters of God Salailen (alias Soraren). + += = = Cyclo (movie) = = = +Cyclo ( ) is a 1995 Vietnamese-Hong Kong-French crime drama movie directed by Tran Anh Hung and starring Lê Văn Lộc, Tony Leung Chiu Wai, Trần Nữ Yên Khê, Nguyen Nhu Quynh. + += = = Voiceless bilabial plosive = = = +The voiceless bilabial stop is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is . The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by "p" in "pear" and "paper". + += = = Voiced bilabial plosive = = = +The voiced bilabial stop is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is . The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by "b" in "bear" and "about". + += = = Khunu Leima = = = +Khunu Leima (/khoo-noo lei-ma) or Khunureima (/khoo-noo-rei-ma) is the goddess of pigeons and doves in Meitei mythology and religion. She is a sister of goddesses Nganu Leima and Shabi Leima. Legend says that all three sisters married the same mortal man. +Etymology. +The Meitei female given name "Khunu Leima" (���� ���) is made up of two component words. The two words are "Khunu" (����) and "Leima" (���). In Meitei, "Khunu" (����) means pigeon. The word "Leima" (���) is further made up of two component words, "Lei" (��) and "Ma" (�). "Lei" (��) means land or earth. "Ma" (�) means "mother". Literally, "Leima" (���) can be translated as "Land Mother" or "Mother Earth". But in general context, "Leima" (���) means a queen or a mistress or a lady. +Description. +Goddess Khunu Leima is described as the ruler of all the pigeons of the world. At any time, she could summon all the pigeons at any place she wishes. She is one of the daughters of God Salailen (alias Soraren). + += = = Foreign portfolio investment = = = +Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) is the capital inflow from one country to another that takes the form of portfolio investment, which is more liquid and involves less control than direct investment. Foreign portfolio investment is a type of passive investing where investors purchase securities of foreign companies, but do not actively participate in the management of those companies. The term "passive" means that the investors are not involved in the day-to-day operations of the companies they invest in; they simply buy securities and hope that their value increases over time. +Portfolio investment is a type of investment involving a collection of assets — usually financial securities — owned by an individual or company. Portfolio investments are typically made with the expectation that they'll generate income and/or capital gains. +Benefits of Foreign Portfolio Investment. +The primary benefit of foreign portfolio investment is: +Risks of Foreign Portfolio Investment. +In addition to its potential benefits, there are some significant risks associated with foreign portfolio investment. These can include currency risk, interest rate risk, political risk and regulatory risk. Many emerging markets have volatile currencies which may strengthen or weaken substantially over time depending on political circumstances, inflation and other factors. Low Liquidity is the risk of FPI, The capital market liquidity in emerging countries is generally poor, resulting in more price volatility. +Who Regulates FPI in India? +The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) regulates foreign portfolio investment in India. To invest in a company in India, foreign investors must obtain an approval from SEBI. + += = = Shapi Leima = = = +Shapi Leima (Shabi Leima) or Sapi Leima (Sabi Leima) is the goddess of rodents in Meitei mythology and religion. She is a sister of goddesses Khunu Leima and Nganu Leima. Legend says that all three sisters married the same mortal man. +Etymology. +The Meitei female given name "Sapi Leima" (��� ���) or "Sabi Leima" (��� ���) is made up of two component words. The two words are "Sabi" (���) and "Leima" (���). "Sabi" (���) is a rat like animal. It lives in the clumps of bamboos. It is known for having sharp teeth. The word "Leima" (���) is further made up of two component words, "Lei" (��) and "Ma" (�). "Lei" (��) means land or earth. "Ma" (�) means "mother". Literally, "Leima" (���) can be translated as "Land Mother" or "Mother Earth". But in general context, "Leima" (���) means a queen or a mistress or a lady. +Description. +Goddess Shapi Leima (Shabi Leima) is described as the ruler of all the rodents of the world. At any time, she could summon all the rodents at any place she wishes. She is the youngest daughter of God Salailen (alias Soraren). + += = = Tauranga = = = +Tauranga (Māori pronunciation: ) is a city in New Zealand. +Sister cities. +Tauranga is twinned with: + += = = The Beach (movie) = = = +The Beach is a 2000 American British adventure drama movie directed by Danny Boyle and was based on the 1996 novel of the same name by Alex Garland. It stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Tilda Swinton, Virginie Ledoyen, Robert Carlyle, Paterson Joseph, Peter Youngblood Hills, Zelda Tinska and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Bruce Owen = = = +Bruce Owen (May 24, 1931February 7, 2022) was a Canadian lawyer and politician. He was a Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1987 to 1990. He was a member of the Liberal Party. Owen was born in Chatham, Ontario, Canada. +Owen died of problems caused by a heart attack on February 2, 2022 in Barrie, Ontario at the age of 90. + += = = Mino Milani = = = +Mino Milani (3 February 1928 – 10 February 2022) was an Italian writer, cartoonist, journalist and historian. +As a journalist, Milano worked for important publications such as "Corriere della Sera" and "La Domenica del Corriere", and was editor-in-chief of the daily newspaper "La Provincia Pavese". He died in Pavia, Italy on 10 February 2022, at the age of 94. + += = = Waverly Person = = = +Waverly J. Person (May 1, 1926 – February 10, 2022) was an American seismologist. He helped create the National Earthquake Information Center. He began working for the United States Army and also worked for the United States Department of Commerce. +Person died in Boulder, Colorado on February 10, 2022, at the age of 95. + += = = Lucien Degauchy = = = +Lucien Degauchy (11 June 1937 – 11 February 2022) was a French politician. He was a member of the National Assembly of France from 1993 to 2017. He represented the Oise department. He was a member of the Union for a Popular Movement. +Degauchy died on 11 February 2022, at the age of 84. + += = = Pedro Villagrán = = = +Pedro Villagrán (1946 – 11 February 2022) was a Spanish politician. He was a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party. He was a Senator for the Province of Málaga between 2004 and 2008. +Villagrán died on 11 February 2022, at the age of 75. + += = = Lula (footballer, born 1946) = = = +Luís Ribeiro Pinto Neto (November 16, 1946 – February 11, 2022), best known as Lula, was a Brazilian footballer. He played as a left winger. He also was a manager. He played for the national team between 1971 until 1977. Lula was born in Arcoverde, Brazil. +Lula died on February 11, 2022 in Recife, Brazil from cardiac arrest at the age of 75. + += = = Arcoverde = = = +Arcoverde ("Green Bow") is a municipality in Pernambuco, Brazil. In 2020, about 74,822 people lived here. + += = = Antoni Vadell Ferrer = = = +Antoni Vadell Ferrer (17 May 1972 – 12 February 2022) was a Spanish Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Llucmajor in the Balearic Islands. He became a priest in 1998. In 2017, he became the Auxilliary Bishop of Barcelona. +Vadell Ferrer died on 12 February 2022 in Barcelona from pancreatic cancer, aged 49. + += = = Llucmajor = = = +Llucmajor (; ) is the largest city of the Balearic Island Majorca. + += = = Anna Deavere Smith = = = +Anna Deavere Smith (born September 18, 1950) is an American actress, playwright, and professor. She is known for her roles as National Security Advisor Dr. Nancy McNally in "The West Wing" (2000–06), Gloria Akalitus in the Showtime series "Nurse Jackie" (2009–15), and Tina Krissman on the ABC show "For the People" (2018–19). +Smith is the founding director of the Institute on the Arts and Civic Dialogue at New York University. + += = = Bokermannohyla martinsi = = = +Martin's tree frog ("Bokermannohyla martinsi") is a frog that lives in Brazil. It lives in the mountains in the middle of the country. + += = = Gearbox Software = = = +Gearbox Software is an American video game development company based in Frisco, Texas. It was established in February 1999 by 5 developers. Randy Pitchford, one of the founders, serves as the president and CEO of Gearbox. +Games. +Gearbox originally created expansions for the Valve game Half-Life, then ported that game and others to console platforms. In 2005, Gearbox made its own games, Brothers in Arms as an example, for consoles. It became their main franchise and spun off a comic book series, television documentary, books, and action figures. Their second original game series, Borderlands, was made in 2009, and by 2015 had sold over 26 million copies. The company also owns the property of Duke Nukem and Homeworld. +Expansion. +Gearbox expanded into publishing with the start of Gearbox Publishing in 2015. A parent company, The Gearbox Entertainment Company, was made for Gearbox Software and Gearbox Publishing in 2019. Gearbox Entertainment was bought by the Embracer Group in April 2021, becoming its seventh major label. A third division, Gearbox Studios, to focus on TV and film productions, was established in October 2021. + += = = Finnmark = = = +Finnmark (; ; ; ; ) is the county in Norway, that is farthest to the North, and farthest to the East. It became a county again in 2024. +On 28 October 2021, the Norwegian government confirmed that work has started in regard to Finnmark becoming a separate county again. + Previously, on 1 January 2020 Finnmark was merged with the neighboring county of Troms to form the new Troms og Finnmark county. + += = = 1991 FIFA U-17 World Championship = = = +The 1991 FIFA U-17 World Championship, the fourth edition of the tournament, was held in the cities of Florence, Montecatini Terme, Viareggio, Massa, Carrara, and Livorno in Italy between 16 August and 31 August 1991. Players born after 1 August 1974 could participate in this tournament. + += = = 1991 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +The 1991 FIFA World Youth Championship was the eighth staging of the FIFA World Youth Championship, an international football competition organized by FIFA for men's youth national teams, and the eighth since it was established in 1977 as the FIFA World Youth Tournament. The final tournament took place for the first time in Portugal, between 14 and 30 June 1991. Matches were played across five venues in as many cities: Faro, Braga, Guimarães, Porto and Lisbon. Nigeria originally won the bid to host but was stripped of its right after found guilty for committing age fabrication. + += = = Jonathan Bowen = = = +Jonathan P. Bowen (born 1956) is a British computer scientist. He is an Emeritus (retired) Professor at London South Bank University. He is known for supporting museums online. +Early life. +Bowen was born in Oxford. He was the son of the chemist and botanist, Humphry Bowen. He studied Engineering Science at University College (Oxford University). Bowen later worked at Imperial College London, the Oxford University Computing Laboratory, the University of Reading, and London South Bank University. He worked in the area of formal (mathematical) methods for specifying software. +Works. +In 1994, Bowen founded the Virtual Library museums pages. This was an online museums directory that was adopted by the International Council of Museums. In the following year, he also started the Virtual Museum of Computing. He has written and edited a number of reviewed books on software engineering, the computer pioneer Alan Turing, and museums and digital culture. +Bowen was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts in 2002 and of the British Computer Society in 2004. He is a Liveryman of the Worshipful Company of Information Technologists and a Freeman of the City of London. + += = = The Scent of Green Papaya = = = +The Scent of Green Papaya (Vietnamese: "Mùi đu đủ xanh", French: "L'Odeur de la papaye verte") is a 1993 Vietnamese French family romantic drama movie directed by Tran Anh Hung and starring Trần Nữ Yên Khê, Man San Lu, Thi Loc Truong, Anh Hoa Nguyen, Hoa Hoi Vuong, Ngoc Trung Tran. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1994. + += = = Nepali tea = = = +Tea plants grown in Nepal, are used to make tea. This tea is called Nepali tea. These plants look, smell, and taste a bit different from other tea plants. They are similar to the tea plants grown in Darjeeling, which are used to make Darjeeling tea. This may be because the eastern parts of Nepal are geographically similar to the Darjeeling region. Darjeeling produces a lot more tea than Nepal. For this reason, tea from Nepal is not as well-known. +There are two types of Nepali tea: +Orthodox tea. +Like Darjeeling Tea, Orthodox Tea is made from the Chinese variety of tea plants. The tea is rolled by hand, or using a machine. Most speciality teas like green tea, oolong tea, white tea, and hand rolled tea fall under the category of orthodox tea. In Nepal, Orthodox Tea is produced and processed in the mountain regions, at altitudes between and . There are six major districts, primarily in the eastern regions of Nepal that are known for producing quality orthodox tea. They are Ilam, Panchthar, Dhankuta, Terhathum, Sindhulpalchok and Kaski. +Flushes. +With Nepali tea, the time of the year, when it is collected, is also recorded. There are four main times, called "flushes" +CTC tea. +Crush, tear, curl (CTC) tea is a method of processing the Assam variety "(Camellia sinensis" var. "assamica)". It grows at a lower altitude, where the climate is hot and humid. Most of it is grown on the plains of the Jhapa district. Most tea drunk in Nepal is of this variety, almost 95%. Because it is easier to produce, it is also cheaper than orthodox tea. +The Nepal CTC tea also has four pronounced flushes, the First, Second, Monsoon and Autumn flushes, but unlike the orthodox tea, the CTC tea is more or less uniform throughout, often showing a strong color and subtle aroma after infusion. However, the flushes do not begin and end in accordance with that of the orthodox tea, mainly because of differences in local conditions. + += = = Sylvius Leopold Weiss = = = +Sylvius Leopold Weiss (also spelled Silvius Leopold Weiss; 12 October 1687 – 16 October 1750) was a German composer and lutenist (somebody who plays the lute). +Life. +Weiss was born in Breslau, Silesia. His father, Johann Jacob Weiss, was a lute player. His brother, Johann Sigismund Weiss, was also a lute player. Weiss learned playing the lute from his father. +In 1706, he worked for Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine. He wrote his first piece of music in Düsseldorf, which was a lute sonata in C major. In 1708, Prince Alexander Sobiesky invited Weiss to Italy. He stayed in Rome with the prince's family. He might have worked with Italian composers in Rome. He had to return to Germany when the prince died. +Weiss worked for Elector Charles Philipp again. In 1718, Weiss travelled to London. In London, he gave a concert every week. In August 1718, he became a member of the court chapel in Dresden. In 1718, Weiss visited Vienna. He played for the emperor. In 1722, he was attacked by a French violinist named Petit. Petit tried to bite Weiss' right thumb off. Weiss was not hurt badly. +In 1723, Weiss went to Prague with Johann Joachim Quantz and Carl Heinrich Graun. They performed Johann Joseph Fux's opera, "Constanza e fortezza". In 1728, he went to Berlin. He stayed in Berlin for three months. He taught Frederick the Great's sister, Princess Wilhelmine. Weiss also taught other lutenists. One of his students was Adam Falckenhagen. +Weiss died on 16 October 1750 in Dresden. He was buried in the Catholic Cemetery in Dresden. Weiss was the highest-paid musician in Dresden. Even so, his family was poor when he died. +Music. +Weiss was one of the most important composers for the lute. He was one of the greatest players of the instrument. Even so, people forgot about Weiss' music after he died. This was because the lute was being replaced by keyboard instruments. Not everyone can read Weiss' music, because it was written in tablature notation. +A lot of Weiss' music is now lost. +Johann Sebastian Bach knew Weiss' music. He arranged a lute sonata by Weiss for violin and harpsichord. + += = = Kitana = = = +Kitana is a fictional character in the "Mortal Kombat" electronic game franchise by Midway Games and NetherRealm Studios. +Appearance. +Kitana appeared for the first time in the "Mortal Kombat II" (1993) game, where she is shown as a royal from Edenia, a fictional realm (kingdom). In the game, she uses a pair of fans made of steel, also named "tessenjutsu". Kitana uses these fans to make special attacks. +Story. +She was thought to be the daughter of Shao Kahn, the emperor of the Outworld. However, Kitana later learns her true father was murdered by Kahn when he conquered Edenia. Later on, she becomes an important hero as she joins warriors of the Earthrealm to make sure her realm is freed. Kitana is the love interest of hero Liu Kang. +Outside the games. +The character has appeared in various media outside of the games and is one of its most iconic and popular fighters. + += = = Bloody Moon = = = +Bloody Moon (; "The Saw of Death") is a 1981 Spanish German horror movie directed by Jesús Franco (who also stars) and also starring Olivia Pascal, Otto Retzer, Christoph Moosbrugger, Nadja Gerganoff, Alexander Waechter, Jasmin Losensky, Peter Exacoustos. + += = = Commune of Llico = = = +Llico was one of the communes that was part of the department of Vichuquén, in the province of Curicó. +The 1907 Chilean census established it had a population of 8.430 inhabitants. +History. +The commune was created by decree of 22 December 1891, with the territory of Llico and Iloca subdelegations. +It was suppressed by the Decree with Force of Law No. 8.583, on 30 December 1927, by dictator Carlos Ibáñez del Campo as part of a greater political and administrative reform, adding its territory to the commune of Vichuquén. The commune was effectively suppressed on 1 February 1928. + += = = Commune of Auquinco = = = +Auquinco was one of the communes that was part of the department of Santa Cruz, in the province of Curicó. +The 1920 Chilean census established it had a population of 2.886 inhabitants. +History. +The commune of Auquinco was created by Decree number 3.458 on 19 August 1918. +It was suppressed by the Decree with Force of Law No. 8.583, on 30 December 1927, by dictator Carlos Ibáñez del Campo as part of a greater political and administrative reform, adding its territory to the commune of Chépica. The commune was effectively suppressed on 1 February 1928. + += = = Tomaso Albinoni = = = +Tomaso Giovanni Albinoni (8 June 1671 – 17 January 1751) was a Venetian composer. He wrote operas and instrumental music. He is best remembered as the composer of a work called "Adagio in G Minor". Albinoni did not actually write the Adagio. +Life. +Albinoni was born in Venice. He learned to play the violin and to sing. It is not known who his teachers are. His first opera, "Zenobia, regina de Palmireni", was performed in Venice in 1694. +In 1705, he married Margherita Rimondi, a soprano singer. +He became famous and he performed his operas in many Italian cities, including Venice, Genoa, Bologna, Mantua, Udine, Piacenza, and Naples. He also wrote and published instrumental music during this time. Albinoni did not try to find a job in a church or a court. He remained an independent composer and published music on his own. +He retired from writing music after 1741, and died in Venice in 1751. +Music. +Most of Albinoni's operas are lost. This is because he did not publish his operas during his life. His instrumental music has survived. Nine collections of instrumental music were published. Because of this, he is better known for writing instrumental music today. He is the first Italian composer to publish an oboe concerto. +He was known by Johann Sebastian Bach, who wrote at least two fugues based on themes by Albinoni. + += = = Voiceless alveolar fricative = = = +The voiceless alveolar fricative is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is ⟨s⟩. The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by 's' in "sun" and "sorry". + += = = List of numbers = = = +This is a list of numbers. This list will always be not finished. This happens because there are an infinite amount of numbers. Only numbers will be added. Numbers can be added as long as they are popular in math, history or culture. +This means that numbers can only be if they are a big part of history. A number isn't if it is only related to another number. For example, the number (3,4) is a number when it is a complex number (3+4i). When it is only (3,4), however, it's not notable. +Natural numbers. +Natural numbers are a type of integer. They can be used for counting. Natural numbers can also be used to find out about other number systems. A negative number is not a natural number. +0 is argued on whether or not it is a natural number. To fix this, people use the terms "non-negative integers", which cover 0 and "positive integers", which does not. +Classes of natural numbers. +Prime numbers. +A prime number is a type of natural number. It only has two divisors: 1 and itself. +Highly composite numbers. +A highly composite number is a type of natural number. It has more divisors than any smaller natural number. They are used a lot in geometry, grouping, and time measurement. +The first 20 highly composite numbers are: +1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 120, 180, 240, 360, 720, 840, 1260, 1680, 2520, 5040, 7560 +Perfect numbers. +A perfect number is a type of integer. It has the sum of its positive divisors (all divisors except itself). +The first 10 perfect numbers: +Integers. +Integers are a set of numbers. They usually are in arithmetic and number theory. There are many subsets of integers. These can cover natural numbers, prime numbers, perfect numbers, etc. +Popular integers are −1 and 0. +Orders of magnitude. +Integers can be written in orders of magnitude. This can be written as 10"k", where "k" is an integer. If "k" = 0, 1, 2, 3, then the powers of ten for them are 1, 10, 100 and 1000. This is used in scientific notation. +Each number has its own prefix. Each prefix has its own symbol. For example, "kilo-" may be added to the beginning of "gram." This changes the meaning of "gram" to mean that the gram is 1000 times more than a gram: one kilogram is the same as 1000 grams. +Rational numbers. +A rational number is a number that can be written as a fraction with two integers. The numerator is written as formula_1. The denominator(which cannot be zero) is written as formula_2. Every integer is a rational number. This is because, in integers, 1 is always the denominator of a fraction. +Rational numbers can be written in infinitely many ways. For example, 0.12 can be written as "three twenty-fifths" (formula_3), "nine seventy-fifths" (formula_4), etc. +Irrational numbers. +Irrational numbers are numbers that cannot be written as a fraction. These are written as algebraic numbers or transcendental numbers. +Real numbers. +The real numbers are a superset(or category) of numbers. They cover algebraic and transcendental numbers. +Hypercomplex numbers. +A hypercomplex number is a word for an element of a unital algebra over the field of real numbers. +Transfinite numbers. +Transfinite numbers are numbers that are "infinite". They are larger than any finite number. They are, however, not absolutely infinite. +Physical Constants. +Physical constants are constants that can be used in the universe to figure out information. + += = = Center Line, Michigan = = = +Center Line is a city in Macomb County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Eastpointe, Michigan = = = +Eastpointe is a city in Macomb County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Fraser, Michigan = = = +Fraser is a city in Macomb County, Michigan, United States. + += = = New Baltimore, Michigan = = = +New Baltimore is a city in Macomb County, Michigan, United States. + += = = St. Clair Shores, Michigan = = = +St. Clair Shores is a city in Macomb County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Utica, Michigan = = = +Utica is a city in Macomb County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Berkley, Michigan = = = +Berkley is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Clawson, Michigan = = = +Clawson is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Farmington, Michigan = = = +Farmington is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Hazel Park, Michigan = = = +Hazel Park is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Keego Harbor, Michigan = = = +Keego Harbor is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Lake Angelus, Michigan = = = +Lake Angelus is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Lathrup Village, Michigan = = = +Lathrup Village is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Madison Heights, Michigan = = = +Madison Heights is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Oak Park, Michigan = = = +Oak Park is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Orchard Lake Village, Michigan = = = +Orchard Lake Village is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Pleasant Ridge, Michigan = = = +Pleasant Ridge is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = South Lyon, Michigan = = = +South Lyon is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Sylvan Lake, Michigan = = = +Sylvan Lake is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Walled Lake, Michigan = = = +Walled Lake is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Wixom, Michigan = = = +Wixom is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. + += = = I Was a Male War Bride = = = +I Was a Male War Bride is a 1949 American romantic comedy movie directed by Howard Hawks and was based on the 1947 novel Male War Bride Trial to Army by Henri Rochard. It starred Cary Grant, Russ Conway, Marion Marshall, Randy Stuart, Ann Sheridan, Lily Kann, Kenneth Tobey and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Clio, Michigan = = = +Clio is a city in Genesee County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Grand Blanc, Michigan = = = +Grand Blanc is a city in Genesee County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Linden, Michigan = = = +Linden is a city in Genesee County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Montrose, Michigan = = = +Montrose is a city in Genesee County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Mount Morris, Michigan = = = +Mount Morris is a city in Genesee County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Swartz Creek, Michigan = = = +Swartz Creek is a city in Genesee County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Dexter, Michigan = = = +Dexter is a city in Washtenaw County, Michigan, United States. + += = = Saline, Michigan = = = +Saline is a city in Washtenaw County, Michigan, United States. + += = = 1993 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +The 1993 FIFA World Youth Championship, known as the 1993 FIFA/Coca-Cola World Youth Championship for sponsorship purposes, was the 9th staging of the FIFA World Youth Championship. It took place across five cities in Australia. The tournament was to be held originally in Yugoslavia, but due to the Yugoslav Wars, was moved to Australia. Brazil won their third World Youth Championship title after beating Ghana 2–1. + += = = 120 (number) = = = +120 is a natural number. It is before 121 and after 119. It reads as one hundred [and] twenty. + += = = Deceived = = = +Deceived is a 1991 American psychological mystery thriller movie directed by Damian Harris and starring Goldie Hawn, John Heard, Robin Bartlett, Ashley Peldon, Beatrice Straight, Tom Irwin, Amy Wright, Kate Reid, Jan Harvey. It was distributed by Touchstone Pictures. + += = = Sierra Entertainment = = = +Sierra Entertainment was an American video game developer/publisher founded in the late 1970s by Ken and Roberta Williams. +Games. +The company is known for making the graphic adventure game genre, including the first game, Mystery House. It is also known for its adventure game series King's Quest, Space Quest, Police Quest, Gabriel Knight, Leisure Suit Larry, and Quest for Glory, as well as being the original publishers of Half-Life. +Affiliation. +After 17 years as a lone company, Sierra was bought by CUC International in February 1996 to become part of CUC Software. However, CUC International was caught in an scandal in 1998. Therefore many of the original founders of Sierra including the Williamses left the company. Sierra remained as part of CUC Software as it was sold and renamed several times over the next few years; Sierra was dissolved as a company and reformed as a division of this group in 2004. The former CUC Software group was acquired by Vivendi and branded as Vivendi Games in 2006. The Sierra division continued to operate through Vivendi Games' merger with Activision to form Activision Blizzard in 2008. However, it was shut down later. The Sierra brand was revived by Activision in 2014 to re-release former Sierra games and some independently developed games. +History. +Founding (1979 - 1982). +Sierra Entertainment was founded in 1979 as On-Line Systems in Simi Valley, California, by Ken and Roberta Williams. Ken, a programmer for IBM, had planned to use the company to create business software for the TRS-80 and Apple II. Ken had brought a teletype terminal home one day in 1979, and while looking through the host system's catalog of programs, discovered the text adventure "Colossal Cave Adventure". He encouraged Roberta to join him in playing it, and she was thrilled by the game; after Ken had brought an Apple II to their home, she played through other text adventures such as those by Scott Adams and Softape to study them. Dissatisfied with the text-only format, she realized that the graphics display capability of the Apple II could improve the adventure gaming experience. With Ken's help in some of the programming, Roberta designed "Mystery House", inspired by the novel "And Then There Were None" and the board game "Clue", using text commands and printout combined with graphics depicting the current setting. +On-Line Systems leased their first office space from Ponderosa Printing, a modest space in the back of a small town print shop. +Mystery House. +"Mystery House" was released in 1980. It was a great success with 15,000 copies sold, earning 167,000 American dollars (equivalent to 525,539 American dollars in 2020). It is the first computer adventure game to have graphics, although made with crude, static, monochrome line drawings. The two decided to shift the company's focus to developing more graphical adventure games. "Mystery House" became the first of their "Hi-Res Adventure" series. The "Hi-Res Adventure" series continued with "Mission Asteroid", which was released as "Hi-Res Adventure #0" though being the second release. The next release, "Wizard and the Princess", also known as "Adventure in Serenia", is considered a prelude to the later "King's Quest" series in both story and concept. Through 1981 and 1982, more games were released in the series including "Cranston Manor", "Ulysses and the Golden Fleece", "Time Zone", and "The Dark Crystal". A simplified version of "The Dark Crystal", intended for a younger audience, was written by Al Lowe and released as "Gelfling Adventure". +Rebranding (1982 - 1988). +On-Line Systems was renamed Sierra On-Line in 1982, and they moved to Oakhurst, California. The "Sierra" name was taken from the Sierra Nevada mountain range that Oakhurst was near, and its new logo had the image of a mountain reflecting that. By early 1984 "InfoWorld" estimated that Sierra was the world's 12th-largest microcomputer-software company, with $12.5 million in 1983 sales. +The company weathered the video game crash of 1983 by seeing only a 20% increase in sales, after analysts in 1982 had predicted a doubling in 1983 of the entire software market. The company had spent much of 1983 developing for a Commodore machine and the TI-99/4A which were both obsolete by the end of the year. Ken Williams was reportedly described as "bewildered by the pace at which computers come into and fall out of favor", and Williams said, "I've learned my lesson. I'm not moving until I understand the market better." +Many of Sierra's most well known series began in the 1980s. In 1983, Sierra On-Line was contacted by IBM to create a game for the new PCjr. IBM offered to fund the entire development and marketing of the game, paying royalties. Ken and Roberta Williams accepted and started on the project. Roberta Williams created a story featuring classic fairy-tale elements. Her game concept includes animated color graphics, a pseudo 3D-perspective where the main character is visible on the screen, a more competent text parser that understands advanced commands from the player, and music playing in the background through the PCjr sound hardware. For the game, a complete development system called Adventure Game Interpreter (AGI) was developed. In mid-1984, "King's Quest: Quest for the Crown" was released to much acclaim, beginning the "King's Quest" series. +Sierra On-Line expanded into a larger headquarters in the early-1980s. +While working to finish "The Black Cauldron", programmers Mark Crowe and Scott Murphy began to plan for an adventure game of their own. After a simple demonstration to Ken Williams, he allowed them to start working on the full game, which was named "Space Quest: The Sarien Encounter". The game was released in October 1986 as an instant success, spawning many sequels in the "Space Quest" series in the following years. +Al Lowe, who had been working at Sierra On-Line for many years, was asked by Ken Williams to write a modern version of Chuck Benton's "Softporn Adventure" from 1981, the only pure text adventure that the company had ever released. "Leisure Suit Larry in the Land of the Lounge Lizards" was a great hit and won the Software Publishers Association's Best Adventure Game award of 1987. It can be deduced that the game first became famous as an early example of software piracy, as Sierra sold many more hintbooks than actual copies of the game. A series of "Leisure Suit Larry" games followed. +Ken Williams befriended a retired highway patrol officer named Jim Walls and asked him to produce an adventure series based on a police theme. Walls proceeded to create "Police Quest: In Pursuit of the Death Angel", which was released in 1987. Several sequels followed, and the series was touted for adherence to police protocol (relevant parts of which were explained in the games' manuals), and presenting some real-life situations encountered by Walls during his career as an officer. +"Quest for Glory" is a series of hybrid adventure/role-playing video games designed by Corey and Lori Ann Cole. The first game in the series, "Quest for Glory: So You Want to Be a Hero", was released in 1989. The series combines humor, puzzle elements, themes and characters borrowed from various legends, puns, and memorable characters, creating a five-part series of the Sierra stable. Although the series was originally titled "Hero's Quest", Sierra failed to trademark the name. Milton Bradley successfully trademarked an electronic version of their unrelated joint Games Workshop board game, "HeroQuest," which forced Sierra to change the series' title to "Quest for Glory". This decision caused all future games in the series (as well as newer releases of "Hero's Quest I") to switch over to the new name. +In 1987, Sierra On-Line started to publish its own gaming magazine, about its upcoming games and interviews with the developers. The magazine was initially named "The Sierra Newsletter", "The Sierra News Magazine", and "The Sierra/Dynamix Newsmagazine". However, since Sierra Club already published a magazine called "Sierra Magazine", the name of the magazine published by Sierra On-Line was changed to "InterAction" in 1991. It was discontinued in 1999. +Sierra's Adventure Game Interpreter engine, introduced with "King's Quest", was replaced in 1988 with Sierra's Creative Interpreter in "King's Quest IV". The game was released under both engines, so those who had newer computers could use the new engine and better rendering technology. + += = = Sunkist (soft drink) = = = +Sunkist (also marketed as Sunkist Soda) is a brand of mostly orange flavoured soft drinks that was created in 1979. Sunkist is a competitor of The Coca-Cola Company's Fanta brand and Keurig Dr Pepper's Orange Crush brand. +History. +Sunkist was first licensed by Sunkist Growers to the General Cinema Corporation, the main bottler of Pepsi-Cola products. The soft drink was the idea of Mark Stevens, who foresaw the potential based on market research which indicated that, worldwide, orange was the third-best-selling soft drink flavor (largely due to Fanta). + += = = Thomas Letsch = = = +Thomas Letsch (born 26 August 1968) is a German football manager. He is the manager of VfL Bochum in the Bundesliga. +Managerial career. +Early career. +Letsch never played professional football. He started his coaching career at VfB Oberesslingen/Zell as playing coach. In July 2001 he became manager of Stuttgarter Kickers's second team until 2002, but was also a part of the first team staff until the end of the 2002–03 season. Then he moved to FC Union Heilbronn and was the manager for one season. From January 2005 until July 2007, he was the assistant manager of SSV Ulm 1846. From January 2008 to June 2009, he was the manager of SG Sonnenhof Großaspach. +FC Red Bull Salzburg, FC Liefering. +In July 2012 he went to Salzburg and managed the under-16 team of FC Red Bull Salzburg. September 2012 he was also appointed as football director of academy. In the following season, he was promoted to first team assistant manager. In July 2014 he became manager of the under-18 squad. In the time with the under-18s he was also the assistant coach for FC Red Bull Salzburg. In December 2015 after Peter Zeidler was sacked, he was for two matches head coach of Salzburg. In the 2015–16 season he also managed the team of FC Red Bull Salzburg in the UEFA Youth League. In June 2015 he became manager of FC Liefering in the Second League. +FC Erzgebirge Aue. +On 18 June 2017 Erzgebirge Aue named Letsch as their new manager on a three-year contract. After three games Aue sacked Letsch due to poor form and results. +FK Austria Wien. +On 27 February 2018 he became manager Austria Wien in the Austrian Bundesliga. He was sacked on 11 March 2019. +Vitesse Arnhem. +On 26 May 2020 he became the new manager of Vitesse Arnhem. The club went on to secure fourth place in the Eredivisie and reched the final of the Dutch Cup (which was lost 2–1 to AFC Ajax). They were qualified for the UEFA Europa Conference League. +VfL Bochum. +In September 2022, he left Arnhem and moved to VfL Bochum. He took over the team after the seventh matchday when they were in last place in the table with one point He led them to direct relegation with a 3-0 win against Bayer Leverkusen on the last matchday. + += = = Megaron = = = +The megaron (, , plural "megara") is the rectangular great hall in Mycenaean and ancient Greek palace architecture. The hall was: 1) surrounded by four columns, 2) had an open portico with two columns in the front, and 3) had a central, open hearth venting through an oculus, or opening, in the roof. +The megaron also had the throne-room of the "wanax", or Mycenaean Greek ruler, whose throne was in the main room with the central hearth. Similar architecture is found in the Near East but the open portico supported by columns is particular to the Aegean region. Megara are sometimes called "long-rooms" because of their rectangular shape and the position of their entrances. There were often many rooms around the central megaron, such as archive rooms, offices, oil-press rooms, workshops, potteries, shrines, corridors, armories, and rooms storing wine, oil and wheat. +The megaron was used for sacrifices, royal events, and court meetings. +Structure. +Halls in the shape of rectangles were a defining theme of Greek architecture. The Mycenaean megaron originated from the "megaroid", or large hall-centered rectangular building, of Greece dating back to the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age. Also, it was the architectural forerunner to ancient Greek temples. The megaron's structural layout included a columned entrance, a "pronaos", a central "naos" (or "cella"), and one of many roof types (i.e., pitched, flat, barrel). The roof was supported by wooden beams. The floor was made of patterned concrete and covered in carpet. The walls were built with bricks of mud, and were decorated with frescoes. There were metal doors often having two-leaved wood decorations. Footbaths were also used in the megaron as mentioned in Homer's "Odyssey" where Odysseus's feet were washed by Eurycleia. The dimensions involving a larger length than width are similar structurally to the early temples of the Dorian Greeks. +Examples. +A famous megaron is in the king's large reception hall in the Bronze Age palace of Tiryns where the main room had a raised throne placed against the right wall and a central hearth bordered by four Minoan-style wooden columns supporting the roof. The Cretan elements in the megaron of Tiryns were adopted by the Mycenaean Greeks from Minoan palace architecture. Frescoes from Pylos show people eating and drinking, which were important activities in Greek culture. Artistic images of bulls, a common animal motif in Mycenaean vase painting, appear on Greek megaron frescoes such as the one in the Pylos megaron where a bull is shown at the center of a Mycenaean procession. Other famous megara include the ones at the Mycenaean palaces of Thebes and Mycenae. Different Greek cultures had their own megara where, for example, the Greeks of the mainland separated their central megaron from the other rooms whereas the Greeks of Crete did not do this. + += = = Bokermannohyla astartea = = = +The paranapiacaba tree frog ("Bokermannohyla astartea") is a frog that lives in Brazil. It lives in the Serra do Mar. + += = = Addai II Giwargis = = = +Mar Addai II (; born Shlemun Giwargis () (6 January 1948 – 11 February 2022) was an Iraqi Catholicos-Patriarch of the Ancient Church of the East. He lived in the Apostolic See of Seleucia-Ctesiphon in Baghdad, Iraq. +On 11 February 2022, Addai II Giwargis died in Baghdad, Iraq at the age of 74. + += = = Hugo Torres Jiménez = = = +Hugo Torres Jiménez (25 April 1948 – 12 February 2022) was a Nicaraguan Sandinista guerrilla and military leader. He was a retired Brigadier General in the Nicaraguan Armed Forces. During the Sandinista National Liberation Front effort to overthrow the Somoza family regime. In June 2021 he was part of a wave of arrests of opposition figures by the Daniel Ortega administration. +Torres Jiménez died while in prison on 12 February 2022, aged 73. + += = = Javier Gómara Granada = = = +Ignacio Javier Gómara Granada (7 January 1927 – 12 February 2022) was a Spanish politician, lawyer and businessman. He was born in Etxarri-Aranatz, Spain. He was a member of the Congress of Deputies from 1982 until 1986. He was also President of the Navarrese Parliament from 1987 until 1991. He was a member of the Navarrese People's Union. +Gómara Granada died on 12 February 2022 in Pamplona, Spain at the age of 95. + += = = Zinaida Kiriyenko = = = +Zinaida Mikhailovna Kiriyenko (; 9 July 1933 – 12 February 2022) was a Russian actress and singer. She was the Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1965) and People's Artist of the RSFSR (1977). She was known for her roles in the movies "And Quiet Flows the Don", "Fate of a Man", "Chronicle of Flaming Years". Kiriyenko was born in Makhachkala, then-Soviet Union. +Kiriyenko died on 12 February 2022 in Moscow, Russia from a stroke caused by COVID-19 at the age of 88. She also had pancreatic cancer. + += = = William G. Batchelder = = = +William George Batchelder III (December 19, 1942 – February 12, 2022) was an American politician. He was the 101st Speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives from 2011 to 2014. He also represented the 69th District of the Ohio House of Representatives from 2007 to 2014, and was in the House from 1969 to 1998 before. He was a Republican. Batchelder was born in Medina, Ohio. +Batchelder died on February 12, 2022 in Cincinnati, Ohio at the age of 79. + += = = Grand Theft Auto 2 = = = +Grand Theft Auto 2 is a video game made by DMA Design and published by Rockstar Games, for Windows and PlayStation in 1999, and the Dreamcast and Game Boy in 2000. It is the sequel to Grand Theft Auto (1997), and the second installment of the Grand Theft Auto series. Set within a city known as "Anywhere City", the game is based on players taking the role of a criminal as they explore an open world, doing jobs for various crime mobs and having free rein to do whatever they wish to achieve their goal. The game's intro is unique for a title in the series, as it involved live-action scenes filmed by Rockstar Games. + += = = Grand Theft Auto (video game) = = = +Grand Theft Auto is an action-adventure video game developed by DMA Design and published by BMG Interactive. It is the first title of the Grand Theft Auto series and was released in November 1997 for MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows, in December 1997 for the PlayStation and in October 1999 for the Game Boy Color. The game's narrative follows a criminal who climbs in status within the criminal underworld across three fictional cities, inspired by real-life locations. The gameplay is presented from a top-down perspective and takes place within an open-world environment in which the player is required to gather a certain number of points (ranging in the millions) to progress through the game's chapters. Said points are gathered by completing various missions throughout each city, although the player can gather the points through other means as well. + += = = Rahul Bajaj = = = +Rahul Bajaj (10 June 1938 – 12 February 2022) was an Indian billionaire businessman and politician. He was the chairman emeritus of the Indian conglomerate Bajaj Group. From 2006 until 2010, Bajaj was a member of the Rajya Sabha. Bajaj was born in Kolkata, India. Bajaj was awarded the third-highest civilian award Padma Bhushan in 2001. His net worth was US$25 billion in July 2021. +Bajaj died on 12 February 2022 at a hospital in Pune, India from pneumonia at the age of 83. + += = = Grand Theft Auto Advance = = = +Grand Theft Auto Advance is a video game made by Digital Eclipse and published by Rockstar Games. The eighth title in the Grand Theft Auto series, it was released for the Game Boy Advance in 2004 (the same day Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas was released for the PlayStation 2). + += = = Liemers = = = +Liemers or De Liemers (historically also known as "Lijmers") is a region in the province of Gelderland, the Netherlands. +It lies in the very east of the country, near Germany. It is bordered by three rivers, namely southwest the Rhine, northwest the IJssel, northeast the Oude IJssel, and the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia in the southeast. The northern and especially the eastern boundaries are rather vague. There is a grey area with the Achterhoek region, which stretches itself from these borders of the Liemers region. The hills of Montferland or Bergherbos in the municipality of Montferland are also considered as the eastern border. +The local dialect is called Liemers, which belongs to the Low Franconian languages. +Municipalities. +These ten municipalities lie more or less in the Liemers region: + += = = Video game writer = = = +Video game writers are people who write video games are part of the design team, during pre-production, and make the main plot of a video game but can also focus on the dialogue, the character making and development of the game. +During the game-making process, the design may change and a video game writer can also be asked to fix the eventual narrative issues. + += = = Jennifer Toye = = = +Jennifer Gay Bishop (16 December 1933 – 17 January 2022), known by her stage name Jennifer Toye, was a British operatic soprano. She was best known as the principal soprano of the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company in the 1950s and 1960s. She played Josephine in "H.M.S. Pinafore", Mabel in "The Pirates of Penzance" and Yum-Yum in "The Mikado". Toye was born in Holywell, Flintshire, North Wales. +Toye died on 17 January 2022 at the age of 88. + += = = University of Aberdeen = = = +The University of Aberdeen is a public research university in Aberdeen, Scotland. It was founded in 1495. It is Scotland's third-oldest university and the fifth-oldest in the English-speaking world. + += = = Peter Neilson (politician born 1954) = = = +Peter Neilson (12 July 1954 – 9 February 2022) was an English-born New Zealand businessman and politician. He was a Labour Party Member of Parliament in the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1981 until 1990. Neilson was a member of the Geoffrey Palmer-Mike Moore cabinet as Minister of Customs (1989–1990), Works and Revenue (1990). Neilson was born in Birmingham, England. +Neilson died on 9 February 2022 in Auckland, New Zealand at the age of 67. + += = = Johann Joachim Quantz = = = +Johann Joachim Quantz (30 January 1697 – 12 July 1773) was a German composer, flautist (somebody who plays the flute) and flute maker from the late Baroque period. He was Frederick the Great's flute teacher. +Life. +Quantz was born in Oberscheden, Electorate of Hanover. From 1708 to 1713, Quantz studied music with his uncle, Justus Quantz, a town musician in Merseburg. After his uncle died, he studied with the organist Friedrich Kiesewetter. In 1714, Quantz travelled to Pirna, a town near Dresden. He studied Vivaldi's violin concertos. +In 1716 he joined the town band in Dresden. He studied counterpoint with Jan Dismas Zelenka in Vienna in 1717. In March 1718, he became an oboist (somebody who plays the oboe) in the Polish chapel of August II, Elector of Saxony and King of Poland. Quantz could not become a better oboe player than other oboe players. So, he changed his instrument to the flute. He learned playing the flute with Pierre-Gabriel Buffardin for four months. +From 1724 to 1727, Quantz went on a trip around Europe. He met and studied with many musicians, including Francesco Gasparini in Rome, Alessandro Scarlatti in Naples, Michel Blavet in Paris, and George Frideric Handel in London. He returned to Dresden in July 1727. The trip made him famous around Europe. +In 1728, Quantz visitied Berlin. He met Crown Prince Frederick. He returned to Berlin two times a year to teach Prince Frederick the flute. When King August II died, Quantz stayed in Dresden until Prince Frederick became King of Prussia. Quantz moved to Berlin. He became a composer and flute player for King Frederick. Quantz did not write operas. Other composers in Frederick's court wrote operas. +Music. +Quantz did not publish a lot of his music during his life. He wrote concertos, trio sonatas, and other works for the flute. +Writing. +Quantz wrote "On Playing the Flute" in 1752. It explains how people played music and the flute in the baroque period. + += = = Dick Vitale = = = +Richard John Vitale (; born June 9, 1939), also known as "Dickie V", is an American basketball coach and sportscaster. He is known for his career as a college basketball broadcaster for ESPN. Vitale was born in Passaic, New Jersey. In 2008, he was honored into the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame. From 1978 until 1979, he coached the Detroit Pistons. +Vitale was diagnosed with melanoma in August 2021. Two months later, he was diagnosed with lymphoma. + += = = Chinese New Zealanders = = = +Chinese New Zealanders (, ) are Chinese people living in New Zealand. They are the largest group of Asian New Zealanders. Most of them come from either China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, Singapore or Malaysia. After Chinese Australians, they are Oceania's second largest Chinese community. They mainly speak Chinese. Most Chinese New Zealanders live in Auckland; as well as (to a lesser extent) Christchurch, Wellington and Hamilton. + += = = Rebecca Enonchong = = = +Rebecca Enonchong (born 14 July 1967) is an Anglophone Cameroonian technology businesswoman and the creator and CEO of AppsTech. She is best known for her work in promoting technology in Africa. +Ms Enonchong has received several awards from organisations such as the World Economic Forum. Forbes ranked her as one of the 10 tech founders to watch in Africa in 2014. + += = = Indian Australians = = = +Indian Australians () are Indians living in Australia. Indians are the fastest-growing ethnic group in Australia. Since 2017, India has been the largest source of immigrants to Australia. In 2016, 2.8% of Australians claimed Indian ancestry. + += = = Maui Taylor = = = +Maui Ann Taylor (born June 28, 1983) is Filipino actress, YouTuber, model, and celebrity influencer. She was a member of Viva Hot Babes, a sexy all-girls group created by Viva Entertainment in the 2000's. +Family life. +Maui has been together with her partner, Anton Sabarre, for more than a decade now. They have two children together: Antoine and Mateo Sabarre. +Other Websites. +http://www.facebook.com/therealmauitaylor +http://www.instagram.com/therealmauitaylor + += = = Republic of Karelia = = = +The Republic of Karelia, or Karelia, is a republic of Russia in Northern Europe. The republic is a part of the Northwestern Federal District, and with area of , bordering Finland. Republic of Karelia have around 650 thousand residents. Its capital is Petrozavodsk. + += = = Church Hill, Tennessee = = = +Church Hill is a city in Hawkins County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 6,998 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Kingsport–Bristol (TN)–Bristol (VA) Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a part of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region. It is the largest city located in Hawkins County. +History. +The community was started as a trading post called Spencer's Mill and Patterson Mill in the late 18th century. The city of Church Hill was incorporated in 1958. + += = = Lamniformes = = = +The Lamniformes (, from Greek "lamna" "fish of prey") are an order of sharks. They are commonly known as mackerel sharks. + += = = 1994 Algarve Cup = = = +The 1994 Algarve Cup was the inaugural edition of the Algarve Cup, an invitational women's association football tournament. It took place between 16 and 20 March 1994 in Portugal with Norway winning the event, defeating the US, 1-0 in the final game. Sweden ended up third defeating Denmark, 1-0, in the game for third prize. + += = = MAX Machine = = = +The Commodore MAX Machine, also known as Ultimax in the United States and Canada and VC-10 in Germany, is a home computer made by Commodore International. It came out in Japan in early 1982 as the Commodore 64's predecessor. Commodore may have wanted to sell it outside of Japan, as its name was in the Commodore 64 manual. It was first shown in Tokyo, and as Commodore VICKEY. It is rare, selling much less than the Commodore 64 and being discontinued in the same year. +Hardware. +Software came on ROM cartridges. It has a membrane keyboard, 2 KiB of RAM and 0.5 KiB of color RAM (1024 × 4 bits). A television is used as a display. The Commodore 64 has the same chipset, 6510 CPU and SID sound chip, and has a compatibility mode, which was often used for "freezer" cartridges, such as the Action Replay, to easily allow control of the running program. Tape drives (for storage) worked, but not disk drives, printers or modems due to not having the right serial and user ports. +Business. +It was going to cost about 200 USD. It had better graphics and sound, but Commodore's own VIC-20 was much more popular. It was costing about the same and with much more expandability and software titles. It also had a better keyboard. + += = = Scarthyla goinorum = = = +The Tarauaca snouted tree frog or Madre de Dios treefrog ("Scarthyla goinorum") is a frog that lives in the Amazon River Basin. It lives in Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, and Brazil. + += = = Golmaal Again = = = +Golmaal Again () is a 2017 Indian Hindi-language horror action comedy movie. It was written and directed by Rohit Shetty and produced by Rohit Shetty Pictures, Mangal Murti Films and Reliance Entertainment. Made on a total budget of 69 crores including production and marketing costs, it is the fourth installment of the "Golmaal" franchise and stars Tabu, Ajay Devgn, Parineeti Chopra, Arshad Warsi, Tusshar Kapoor, Shreyas Talpade, Kunal Khemu. This movie is also the sequel to Golmaal 3. +Filming. +The movie's filming began in March 2017. The movie was theatrically released worldwide with a runtime of 152 minutes on October 20, 2017, coinciding with Diwali. Despite clashing with Aamir Khan's "Secret Superstar", "Golmaal Again" became one of the year's highest grossers and was a blockbuster at the box office. Its lifetime domestic net collection was more than 205 crores, while the worldwide gross ended at 311 crores. The film received mixed reviews from critics with praise for its humour and performances and criticism for its flaws in the technical aspects. In 2019, a show based on the Golmaal film series was made and it was called Golmaal Jr, which is a show about two rival prank gangs of kids, headed by Gopal and Madhav. A spin-off film titled "Cirkus" was released on 23 December 2022. +Plot. +Gopal, Madhav, Lucky, Laxman and Laxman 2 are orphans in an orphanage in Ooty managed by businessman Jamnadas. Gopal is afraid of ghosts. Lucky is mute and Laxman has a speech impediment. The boys find a baby girl and take her in, naming her Khushi. They care for her and are also aware of librarian Anna's ability to see ghosts and spirits. One day, when Madhav pranks and scares the timid Gopal in an empty bungalow, a fight ensues between the boys. Gopal gets punished, which prompts Gopal and Laxman to leave the orphanage, and soon, Madhav, Lucky and Laxman also do the same. Khushi is later adopted by the loving Colonel Chauhan and his wife. +Years later. +Some years later, Gopal and Laxman work with Babli Bhai and Madhav, Lucky and Laxman work with Vasooli Bhai. The group reunites after learning about Jamnadas' demise. Returning to the orphanage after 25 years, they meet Col. Chauhan, Anna and Pappi, another orphan from the orphanage who has frequent memory loss. They meet a girl who they think is the bungalow's caretaker, Damini and learn about Khushi's demise. At an event after Jamnadas' funeral, businessman Vasu Reddy reveals the orphanage would be demolished and moved elsewhere in plans to make his own building. When the group leaves the orphanage and returns, a ghost possesses Laxman and speak in Nana Patekar's voice which scares Gopal. Next, the ghost possesses Madhav and prompts Vasooli to give them a task, indirectly bringing the three back to Ooty. A scared Gopal calls Anna, who reveals that there is a spirit in their house and suggests him and Laxman to move to Col. Chauhan's house. Upon reaching Ooty, the two groups start fighting each other out of anger. The three try to scare Gopal into leaving the house, but Gopal gets possessed and beats Lucky and Laxman badly. Later, Vasu Reddy assigns Madhav, Lucky and Laxman to burn down the house. But things go awry when Lucky gets possessed by the spirit and starts talking, which scares the group. The two groups then decide to leave, but Anna and Damini convince them to stay for the birthday celebration, and the group makes amends. The four find that Gopal has fallen in love with Damini and force him to confess his feelings. Pappi arrives and reveals that the girl they assumed to be Damini is actually Khushi, who is dead, while the real Damini is Pappi's girlfriend. The boys get terrified and try to escape the house along with Pappi, Babli Bhai and Vasooli Bhai after Damini confesses it herself. Anna arrives and stops them and explains to them that the ghost is none other than their childhood friend Khushi. +Flashback. +A flashback narrated by Khushi explains how her boyfriend, Nikhil Surana, a young businessman and Jamnadas' nephew, killed him in order to obtain the orphanage in his name and demolish it for the construction of a site. Upon confronting him and threatening to go to the police, Khushi was strangled to death by Nikhil. With the help of Vasu Reddy, he managed to prove the killings to be accidents. However, Khushi's spirit came for help to Anna, who was surprised that the boys could see Khushi and eventually brought them to the house to help get justice for Khushi. +Back to the present. +Back to the present, Gopal thrashes the goons sent by Vasu Reddy while the rest of the boys, who wanted to stay away from the matter, get emotionally convinced to stay. They convince Gopal to stop chasing the goons and later almost manage to scare Vasu into confessing the truth, but Nikhil arrives before they can and reveals there's no evidence to prove him guilty. This leads to a fight, during which Khushi attacks and nearly kills Nikhil but is calmed down by Anna, and Vasu convinces Nikhil to confess. With the orphanage saved, Khushi's spirit departs to heaven after bidding goodbye to the boys and Anna. +Sequel. +On November 7, 2021, Rohit announced that the fifth film of Golmaal series will be called Phir Golmaal. He also announced on that same day that it will be about Gopal, Madhav, Laxman, Lucky, and their new friend, who is named Vicky solving a case of them being accused of a murder as they keep on getting into trouble while solving it. + += = = Phir Golmaal = = = +Phir Golmaal () is an upcoming Indian Hindi-language comedy movie written and directed by Rohit Shetty. It is the sequel to "Golmaal Again" and will be released in December 2023. It stars Ajay Devgn, Kareena Kapoor, Arshad Warsi, and Sharman Joshi. After the release of the "Aankh Marey" music video from Ranveer Singh and Sara Ali Khan's "Simmba", speculations of a fifth installment of the Golmaal franchise further strengthened. In the video, the four main actors, including Arshad Warsi and Tusshar Kapoor, are seen at the end of the holding up their hands to denote the number "5." Also, after the release of the fourth installment, director Shetty got interested in the fifth part of the franchise. He said, after getting a right script there will definitely be another installment. +Plot. +When Gopal, Madhav, the Laxmans, Lucky, and their new friend, Vicky get accused of a murder, they try to solve the mystery of who really did the murder, but they keep on getting into trouble while solving it. + += = = Scarthyla vigilans = = = +The Maracaibo Basin tree frog ("Scarthyla vigilans") is a frog that lives in Venezuela, Colombia, Trinidad, and parts of the Caribbean. + += = = The Marvels = = = +The Marvels is a 2023 American superhero movie. It is based on Marvel Comics. The movie features the characters Carol Danvers (Captain Marvel), Kamala Khan (Ms. Marvel), and Monica Rambeau. It was produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. The movie is the sequel to "Captain Marvel" (2019) and the continuation of the Disney+ series "Ms. Marvel" (2022). It is the 31st movie in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). +The movie was directed by Nia DaCosta. The screenplay was written by Megan McDonnell. It stars Brie Larson as Carol Danvers, Iman Vellani as Kamala Khan and Teyonah Parris as Monica Rambeau. +Marvel Studios said they were making a sequel to "Captain Marvel" in July 2019. They said that development began in January 2020 with Larson set to return. DaCosta was hired that August. Vellani and Parris were said to be cast in December. Filming began in mid-April 2021 in New Jersey. Principal photography began in August 2021. It took place at Pinewood Studios in Buckinghamshire as well as in Tropea, Italy, and Los Angeles. +"The Marvels" was released in the United States on November 10, 2023, as part of of the MCU. +Premise. +Following the events of "Ms. Marvel" (2022), Carol Danvers, Kamala Khan, and Monica Rambeau begin swapping places with each other every time they use their powers and must team-up to figure out why. +Cast. +Saagar Shaikh, Zenobia Shroff, and Mohan Kapur reprise their respective roles from "Ms. Marvel" (2022) as Khan's older brother Aamir, mother Muneeba, and father Yusuf. Zawe Ashton has been cast as a villain, and Park Seo-joon has been cast in an undisclosed role. The Flerken Goose, who resembles a cat, returns from the first movie. + += = = Triprion = = = +Triprion or shovel-headed tree frogs is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. They live in Mexico and Guatemala. They live on the Pacific side of the mountains (west side), the Yucatán Peninsula, and Guatemala. These frogs hide in tree-holes and put their bony heads against the opening of the hole to close it. +Species. +Scientists say there are three species in this genus: + += = = Grotte Mandrin = = = +The Grotte Mandrin is a cave near Montélimar. It is near the small French town Malaverne, in the Drôme department. It is more like a shelter, that protects from the weather, and not really a cave. It is an archeological site: There are many well-preserved finds from the transition from the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic. The oldest layer of finds is 120,000 years old. +It is named after the French folk hero Louis Mandrin. +Location. +The Abri is about southeast of Malataverne town center. It is at the foot of an exposed limestone cliff at 245 m height. At the site, the valley is very narrow, only about . Important traffic routes pass through there: the A7, N7, D169 and the high-speed line LGV Méditerranée . +Topography. +Today, the Grotte Mandrin has a depth of . At some point part of it collapsed. Today, large boulders on the slope below are still there. The covered area was originally much larger. There is an opening of about facing north. At the front, the cave has a height of about . From the middle of the cave, it gets lower. At the back, the height is about less. +In 2013, a fence was built on the space in front of the case. In 2016, video surveillance was installed. +History. +When he found traces Bronze Age settlements there in 1960, Gaston Etienne (1923-2010) recognized that the case was important for archaeology. Etienne was a councillor in Malaverne. Since 1993, there have been excavations each year. Since 2006, Ludovic Slimak - a research associate from the University of Toulouse and the CNRS is overseeing these excavations. There are twelve cultural layers at the site, In 2014, seven layers had been excavated. The layers date from 42.000 BP (called early Aurigacien) to 56,000 BP (La Quina-Mousterian). +The oldest known evidence of anatomically-modern humans (homo sapiens) in Europe was found in the Batcho Kiro Cave in Bulgaria. This evidence is 45,820 to 43,650 years (Cal BP) old. In February 2022, it was announced that part of a tooth was found at the Mandrin Cave. It came from a layer of the Mandrin Cave under and over which Neanderthal remains have been recovered, but this "baby tooth" has been attributed to a child of Homo sapiens. Articles in the Journals Science, as well as in Nature, said that the tooth was too badly damaged to be able to tell with certainty if it was from a Neanderthal, or a human. + += = = Superabundant number = = = +A superabundant number is a type of natural number. They were defined by Leonidas Alaoglu and Paul Erdős in 1944. +Definition. +Any natural number "n" is called superabundant when a certain equation is true. +In this equation, "m" is every integer less than "n". "�" is the sum of every positive divisor of that number. +An example would be to use the number 9. For every number less than 8, the sigma is 1, 3, 4, 7, 6, 10, 8 and 16. ("�"("m"))/"m" is 16/9. ("�"(n))/n is equal to 13/9. 13/9 is less than 16/9. This makes 9 not a superabundant number +The first few superabundant numbers are 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 120, ... . +Properties. +Leonidas Alaoglu and Paul Erdős proved that if "n" is superabundant, then there is a "k" and "a"1, "a"2, ..., "a""k" such that +where "p"i is the "i"-th prime number, and +Basically, they proved that if a number is superabundant, the exponent of a larger prime number is never bigger than a smaller prime number during prime decomposition(the process of a composite number become smaller prime numbers). All primes from 0 to formula_4 are also factors of "n". The equation says that a superabundant number has to be an even integer. It also is a multiple of the "k"-th primorial formula_5 +Superabundant numbers are like highly composite numbers. Not all superabundant numbers are highly composite numbers, though. +Alaoglu and Erdős observed that all superabundant numbers are also highly abundant. + += = = Eyeliner = = = +An eyeliner (sometimes written eye liner) is a type of makeup used for the eyes. It is applied around the contours of the eyes to create different aesthetic effects. +In the 20th and 21st century, the use of eye liner has also been associated with Goth and Punk fashion. +History. +Eye liner was first used in Ancient India, Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia as a dark black line around the eyes. As early as 10,000 BC, Egyptians and Mesopotamians wore various cosmetics including eye liner not only for aesthetics but to protect the skin from the desert sun. Eye liner may also have been worn to protect the wearer from the evil eye. The characteristic of having heavily lined eyes has been frequently shown in ancient Egyptian art. They produced eye liner with a variety of materials, including copper ore and antimony. Ancient Egyptian kohl contained galena, which was imported from nearby regions in the Land of Punt, Coptos and Western Asia. +In the 1960s, liquid eye liner was used to create thick black and white lines around the eyes in the make-up fashion associated with designers like Mary Quant. The '60s and '70s also saw new fashion trends which made use of eyeliner, eyeshadow and mascara in new ways. As goth and punk fashion developed, they employed eyeliner for a dark and dramatic effect. + += = = Tate (TV series) = = = +Tate is an American western series that aired from 8 June to 14 September, 1960 on NBC for 13 episodes and one season. It starred Daniel McLean and was created by Harry Julian Fink of Dirty Harry fame. + += = = Óscar García = = = +Óscar García Junyent (born 26 April 1973), player name Óscar, is a former Spanish professional footballer. He is now the manager of the Ligue 1 club Stade de Reims. +Career. +He was able to play as an attacking midfielder or a second striker. Most of his active career he spent with CF Barcelona, but played also for Espanyol (four years), Albacete, Lleida and Valencia (one apiece). In La Liga he played 169 matches and 31 goals over 12 seasons. +International. +He played for Spain national under-23 football team at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. He scored twice for the quarter-finalists. +Coaching career. +Maccabi Tel Aviv and England. +In 2009 he became member of Johan Cruyff's coaching staff in the Catalonia national team. On 22 May 2012 he became head coach of Maccabi Tel Aviv FC.2013 Maccabi won the Israel championship. Garcia resigned from his post because of personal reasons. +2013 he became head coach of the Football League Championship team Brighton & Hove Albion. He was November's Manager of the Month, with three wins and a draw. On 12 May 2014 the team was defeatet in the play-offs by Derby County. His offer of resignation was accepted by the club. +2014 García returned to Maccabi but left on 26 August due to war. Then he was appointed head coach at Watford. He was brought to hospital with minor chest pains on 15 September. Two weeks later he resigned as head coach. +Red Bull Salzburg. +On 28 December 2015 Oscar followed Peter Zeidler as head coach of the Austrian Bundesliga team FC Red Bull Salzburg. During his time in Salzburg he won twice the double (Cup and Champion). +Saint-Étienne. +On 15 June 2017 he signed with AS Saint-Étienne. In November after a 5–0 home loss against Olympique Lyonnais he left the club by mutual agreement. +Olympiacos. +2018 he became head coach of Olympiacos F.C. in Greece. His contract was dissolved on 3 April 2019. +Celta. +In November 2019 he took over RC Celta de Vigo in La Liga. On the last day of the season he could held the team in the first league. On 9 November 2020, after only one win in nine matches of the new campaign, García was sacked. +Reims. +García returned to the French Ligue 1 in June 2021 as head coach of Stade de Reims. +Personal life. +García's brothers, Roger and Genís were also footballers. +Honours. +Player. +Club. +Barcelona +Valencia +International. +Spain U-21 +Manager. +Maccabi Tel Aviv +Red Bull Salzburg + += = = Yurihonjō = = = + is a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan. 76,077 people lived here in 2020. + += = = Francis Xavier Sudartanta Hadisumarta = = = +Francis Xavier Sudartanta Hadisumarta O. Carm. (13 December 1932 – 12 February 2022) was an Indonesian Roman Catholic bishop. Hadisumarta was born in the Dutch East Indies. He became a priest in 1959. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Malang, Indonesia, from 1973 to 1988 and as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manokwari-Sorong, Indonesia, from 1988 until his resignation in 2003. +Sudartanta Hadisumarta died on 12 February 2022, at the age of 89. + += = = Tomás Osvaldo González Morales = = = +Tomás Osvaldo González Morales (20 April 1935 – 12 February 2022) was a Chilean Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1963. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Punta Arenas, Chile from 1974 until his retirement in 2006. +González Morales died from COVID-19 on 12 February 2022 in Punta Arenas at the age of 86 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. + += = = Atlantic Charter = = = +The Atlantic Charter was a statement issued on 14 August 1941. It set out American and British goals for the world after the end of World War II. + += = = Frank Beckmann = = = +Frank Carl Beckmann (November 3, 1949February 12, 2022) was an German-born American broadcaster and talk radio host. He worked as a radio personality on WJR in Detroit, Michigan. He also was the radio play-by-play announcer for University of Michigan football from 1981 to 2013. +On February 11, 2022 it was announced that Beckmann was in hospice care in Clarkston, Michigan. He died the next day from problems caused by vascular dementia, aged 72. + += = = Voiceless alveolar trill = = = +The voiceless alveolar trill differs from the voiced alveolar trill in its phonation (whether or not the vocal chords are vibrating while pronouncing the sound). It is used in a few languages. In languages that also have the voiced alveolar trill, it can be a similar sound or an allophone (another way a certain sound can be pronounced). +In Proto-Indo-European, the sound *sr became a sound spelled , with the letter for and the diacritic for , in Ancient Greek. This sound was probably a voiceless alveolar trill. It became the regular word-initial (meaning "at the start of a word") allophone of in standard Attic Greek. This sound has disappeared in Modern Greek. +Features. +Features of the voiceless alveolar trill: +Voiceless alveolar fricative trill. +The voiceless alveolar fricative trill is not known to be a sound in any language, except maybe the East Sakhalin dialect of Nivkh. However, it is an allophone (another way of pronouncing a specific sound) in Czech. +Features. +Features of the voiceless alveolar fricative trill: + += = = Voiceless alveolar plosive = = = +The voiceless alveolar stop is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is . The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by "t" in "tear" and "tool". + += = = Jackie Robinson (basketball, born 1927) = = = +Robert Jackson Robinson (April 26, 1927 – February 8, 2022), nicknamed "Jack" or "Jackie", was an American Baptist pastor, theologian and college basketball player. He competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics, winning a gold medal. Robinson was born in Fort Worth, Texas. +Robinson died on February 8, 2022 in Augusta, Georgia at the age of 94. + += = = Mckenna Grace = = = +Mckenna Grace (born June 25, 2006) is an American actress and singer. Her best known role were as Jasmine Bernstein in the Disney XD sitcom "Crash & Bernstein" (2012–2014) and Faith Newman in the soap opera "The Young and the Restless" (2013–2015). She played Phoebe in the 2021 movie "". + += = = Osterville, Massachusetts = = = +Osterville is one of seven villages within the town of Barnstable, Massachusetts, United States. + += = = Eduardo Romero = = = +Eduardo Alejandro Romero (17 July 1954 – 13 February 2022) was an Argentine professional golfer and politician. Romero was born in Córdoba, Argentina. He became a professional golfer in 1982. Romero first played on the European Tour in 1985 and was a full member from 1988 to 2005. +In 2005 he won his first senior title at the European Seniors Tour's Travis Perkins Senior Masters, and he won the Wentworth Senior Masters in both 2005 and 2006. He was Mayor of Villa Allende, Argentina between 2015 until his death. +Romero died on 13 February 2022 at his home in Villa Allende from problems caused by cancer at the age of 67. + += = = Maria Carrilho = = = +Maria Jesuína Carrilho Bernardo (25 November 1943 – 6 February 2022) was a Portuguese politician. She was a member of the Socialist Party. She was in the Assembly of the Republic from 1995 to 1999 and again from 2005 to 2009. She was also a member of the European Parliament from 1999 to 2004. Carrilho was born in Beja, Portugal. +Carrilho died in Lisbon, Portugal on 6 February 2022 at the age of 78. + += = = Kurt Jara = = = +Kurt Jara (born 14 October 1950) is an Austrian football manager and former player. He played as a midfielder in different European leagues. +Playing career. +Club career. +He started his professional career with FC Wacker Innsbruck. Then he went to Spain and played for Valencia CF (1973). In 1975 he went to the German Bundesliga team MSV Duisburg where he played for five seasons. He reached the UEFA Cup semi-finals in 1979. After one season with FC Schalke 04 he ended his career in the Swiss Super League with Grasshopper. +International career. +He made his debut for Austria in a July 1971 friendly match in Sao Paulo against Brazil, and played at the 1978 and 1982 World Cups. He played 59 matches for the team and scored 14 goals. His last international was a World Cup qualification match against Hungary in April 1985. +Managerial career. +He coached the Swiss clubs Grasshopper, FC St. Gallen and FC Zürich, the Austrian teams VfB Mödling and FC Tirol Innsbruck, the Greece club Xanthi, APOEL from Cyprus and the German Bundesliga teams Hamburger SV and 1. FC Kaiserslautern. In the season 2005–06 he was the manager of Red Bull Salzburg but was sacked due to transfer discrepancies. Since then he is retired. +Honours. +Manager. +Hamburger SV + += = = Ray Parker Jr. = = = +Ray Erskine Parker Jr. (born May 1, 1954) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, and record producer. He is known for writing and performing the theme song to the 1984 movie "Ghostbusters". He is also known for his 1982 song "The Other Woman". + += = = Chester, Virginia = = = +Chester is a census-designated place (CDP) in Chesterfield County, Virginia, United States. The population was 23,414 at the 2020 census. + += = = Francesco Samà = = = +Francesco Samà (2 July 1940 – 10 February 2022) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Italian Communist Party. He was in the Chamber of Deputies from 1983 to 1992. Samà was also the Mayor of Melissa from 1964 until 1970. He was born in Melissa. +Samà died in Crotone, Italy on 10 February 2022 at the age of 81. + += = = Melissa, Calabria = = = +Melissa (Calabrian: ) is a "comune" in the province of Crotone, in Calabria. + += = = Voiced alveolar plosive = = = +The voiced alveolar stop is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is . The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by "d" in "dear" and "desk". + += = = Songs of Experience = = = +Songs of Experience is the 12th album by Irish rock band, U2. It was released on 2017. The photo on the album cover shows Bono's son Eli and The Edge's daughter Sian holding hands. The photo is by Anton Corbijn. +Track listing. +Notes + += = = Financial modelling = = = +The financial model for a start-up is an exercise in creativity and forward-thinking. It’s an opportunity for entrepreneurs to let their imagination run wild, finally voicing their visions on paper. As startups are generally risky investments, the financial model is a tool that helps investors evaluate the venture before committing funds. The main purpose of the startup financial model is to show investors that your company can reach profitability within a reasonable time frame and make them enough money to justify their investment. +Importance. +Financial modeling is an integral part of the startup world. You can use models to predict future growth, understand the impact of certain decisions, and help raise funding. It's also a great tool to see how sensitive your business is to certain assumptions. You can change certain inputs to see how they affect your bottom line or different stages in your model. Models are also good tools for learning about new industries and understanding valuations (if you're looking at acquiring another business). +Types. +Financial models are mathematical representations of a financial situation. They can range from simple to complex, depending on the purpose and users of the model. Different model types are appropriate for different purposes, such as long-term strategic planning or annual budgeting. +A company may use several different types of models at the same time. For example, a company may have a long-term strategic plan that it uses to inform its capital investment decisions, but it will also create an annual budget model to plan out how much cash it expects to spend and earn over the course of the year. +Financial modeling for startups. +Financial modelling for startups is the creation of a financial representation of a startup business. It's used to forecast future cash flows and profitability. +Financial modelling is often used to assess a company's current financial health, its valuation and its potential for future growth. Financial modeling for startups is often used to prepare a document known as a pitch deck. This document is presented to investors and contains information such as: the company's business model, its target market, how it will make money, founders' backgrounds and its revenue projections. +A financial model is not complete without a full set of business assumptions that make up the model. These assumptions are typically broken down by revenue, cost of goods sold (COGS), operating expenses, depreciation and amortization (D&A) and capital expenditures (CAPEX). The process of building a startup financial model is usually referred to as financial modeling. + += = = The Heavenly Play = = = +The Heavenly Play () is a 1942 Swedish drama movie directed by Alf Sjöberg and starring Rune Lindström, Eivor Lindström, Anders Henrikson, Holger Löwenadler, Gudrun Brost, Arnold Sjöstrand, Emil Fjellström, Hugo Björne. + += = = National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics = = = +The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) was a United States federal agency. It was founded on March 3, 1915. The agency researched flight technology and aircraft. On October 1, 1958, the agency was dissolved. Its employees were moved to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). +Founding. +NACA was founded on March 3, 1915. At that time, technology and culture were changing quickly. American flight technology was not as advanced as Europe's. The American public had mixed feelings about flight technology. Some people thought that flying was dangerous and foolish. Some thought that it was an important achievement in technology. But in Europe, people were more confident in flight technology. +When World War I started in Europe, the Europeans were already using advanced flight technology. The Germans used airships to bomb British cities. Airplanes were used to spy on enemies. This worried the Americans, who realized that their flight technology is behind Europe's. In response, the federal government of the United States created NACA on March 3, 1915. +Research. +By the 1920s, the NACA's mission was to promote military and civilian flight. The NACA did this by researching new flight technologies. To help this research, the NACA built many testing facilities. This included wind tunnels, test stands, and flight test facilities. The agency received a budget of $5000 in 1915. +World War II. +The NACA was involved in World War II. They helped research many flight technologies. A lot of the research that the NACA did before World War II was used to make American fighter planes fly better. They researched how to reduce drag. Drag slows down airplanes when moving in the air. They also researched how to stop the propellers of the plane from freezing. +NASA. +On November 21, 1957, Hugh Dryden, NACA's director, established the Special Committee on Space Technology. This committee was created to help develop a space program. + += = = Beyond Rangoon = = = +Beyond Rangoon is a 1995 American British Burmese adventure drama movie directed by John Boorman and starring Patricia Arquette, Frances McDormand, Jit Murad, Adelle Lutz, Johnny Cheah, Victor Slezak, Spalding Gray, Hani Mohsin. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures. + += = = Bokermannohyla nanuzae = = = +The Jaboticatubas tree frog ("Bokermannohyla nanuzae") is a frog that lives in Brazil. It lives in the Serra do Espinhaço and Serra da Mantiqueira. + += = = Maithils = = = +Maithils (Tirhuta: �����, Devanagari: �����), also known as Maithili people, are an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group from the Indian subcontinent. They speak the Maithili language as their native language. +References. +Notes + += = = Triprion petasatus = = = +The Yucatán shovel-headed tree frog, Yucatan casque-headed tree frog, or Yucatan casquehead tree frog ("Triprion petasatus") is a frog that lives in Mexico and Guatemala. Scientists also saw it just once in Honduras. +Name. +This frog's Latin "petasatus" means "with a hat on." The Latin and English names come from the frog's big head, which looks like a hat or helmet. +Appearance. +The adult male frog is 48.1 to 60.8 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 65.0 to 75.2 mm long. It is named after its large, bony head, which looks like a hat or helmet. The adult male frog is olive green. The adult female frog is light brown or green-brown. There are dark brown or black marks on the back and legs. Some frogs have silver marks on their backs and head. The frogs have yellow color on their sides or red brown on their back legs. The belly is white and tan. +Actions. +This frog lays eggs when the weather is rainy. The male frog climbs to a branch about 2.5 meters over the ground and sings for the female. The male and female mate in trees or other high places. The female lays eggs in shallow water. When the weather is dry or the sun is hot, this frog goes to a hole in a tree. It puts its body inside and its head against the hole. +Threats. +This frog is not in danger of dying out. This is because human beings change the places where the frog lives. Human beings cut down the forests for wood, farms, towns, and places for animals to eat grass. +Relationship to humans. +Human beings catch and breed this frog to sell as pets. + += = = Quendorf = = = +Quendorf is a rural community belonging to the Joint Community of Schüttorf in southwestern Lower Saxony. The community is made up of several settlements and scattered farms. In 1971, Quendorf joined the town of Schüttorf along with the communities of Drievorden (combined with Engden since 1974), Engden, Neerlage (combined with Isterberg since 1974), Ohne, Samern, Suddendorf and Wengsel (amalgamated with Isterberg since 1974) into the Joint Community of Schüttorf. + += = = Ringe, Germany = = = +Ringe is a community in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany. +Emlichheim. +Ringe has about 2,000 residents and belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Emlichheim. The community has the three centres of Großringe, Kleinringe and Neugnadenfeld. +Geography. +Through the community of Ringe flows the river Vechte, which downstream, at Laar, crosses the border into the Netherlands. + += = = Samern = = = +Samern is a community in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany. +Geography. +Place. +Samern is between Nordhorn and Steinfurt on the boundary with North Rhine-Westphalia. The community belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Schüttorf whose administrative seat is in the like-named town. + += = = Schüttorf = = = +Schüttorf is a town in the County of Bentheim in southwesternmost Lower Saxony near the Dutch border and the boundary with Westphalia (North Rhine-Westphalia). The town of Schüttorf forms with the surrounding communities the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Schüttorf. It is on the river Vechte, about 5 km east of Bad Bentheim, and 20 km southeast of Nordhorn. +Geography. +Place and landscape description. +The town of Schüttorf is in southwesternmost Lower Saxony and in the westernmost part of the Federal Republic of Germany. It is about 10 km to the Dutch border. It is in a transitional zone between the Emsland and Westphalia. +The town is crossed through the middle southeast to northwest by the river Vechte, which farther downstream flows into the Netherlands. The town's highest point rises to 48 m above sea level. Schüttorf is in the foothills of the "Bentheimer Berg", a great sandstone formation from the Cretaceous rising to 80 m and a wooded western outlier of the Teutoburg Forest. Only a small piece of the Bentheim Forest is in the town. All together, about 89 ha of woodland is found within the town, making up 8% of the town's total land area. +Neighbouring communities. +The town of Schüttorf mainly borders on other members of the Joint Community, namely Samern in the southeast, Quendorf in the northwest and Engden in the north. Within the district of the County of Bentheim, Schüttorf borders on the town of Bad Bentheim in the west. In the east, the town limit is also part of the boundary with the neighbouring district of Emsland, bordering there on Ahlde, an outlying centre of the community of Emsbüren. There is found – only 2 km from Schüttorf – a small conservation area with a heath pond. + += = = Uelsen = = = +Uelsen () is a community in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony. +Geography. +The community of Uelsen is in westernmost Lower Saxony, on the border with the Kingdom of the Netherlands, roughly 30 km north of Enschede and 15 km northwest of Nordhorn. + += = = Wielen = = = +Wielen is a small village in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany, and belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Uelsen. +Constituent communities. +Along with the namesake "Ortsteil", there are outlying centres named Balderhaar, Striepe and Vennebrügge. + += = = Wietmarschen = = = +Wietmarschen is a unitary community ("Einheitsgemeinde") in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is split into the villages of Wietmarschen, Füchtenfeld, Schwartenpohl, Lohnerbruch, Nordlohne and Lohne with Lohne being the biggest and having the town hall while Wietmarschen, which is the second biggest, having the name. +Geography. +Wietmarschen is about west of Lingen, and northeast of Nordhorn. The community's highest elevation is the Rupingberg in Lohne at above sea level. There are plans to construct a viewing tower on it. +Constituent communities. +The community is divided into six districts named Wietmarschen, Füchtenfeld, Schwartenpohl, Lohnerbruch, Nordlohne and Lohne. +Partnership. +Mortagne-au-Perche, France became a partner community of Wietmarschen on 2 July 1989. + += = = Highly abundant number = = = +Highly abundant numbers are a type of natural number. Any natural number "n" is called highly abundant when a certain equation is true. +formula_1 +In this equation, "m" is every integer less than "n". "�" is the sum of every positive divisor of that number. +Example. +An example would be to use the number 5. "�" of 5 is 5 + 1 = 6. Every "�" less than 5, however, is 4 + 2 + 1 = 7. 7 is greater than 6. This makes 5 not a highly abundant number. +History. +Highly abundant numbers were first learned about by Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai in 1943. Work on the subject was done by Paul Erdős and Leonidas Alaoglu in 1944. Alaoglu and Erdős discovered every highly abundant number up to 104. They also showed that the number of highly abundant numbers less than "N" is proportional to log2 "N". +The first few highly abundant numbers are +There are only two odd highly abundant numbers. They are 1 and 3. +Similarities with other numbers. +The first eight factorials are highly abundant. However, not all factorials are highly abundant. For example, +but there is a smaller number with larger sum of divisors, +This makes 9! is not highly abundant. +Alaoglu and Erdős discovered that all superabundant numbers are also highly abundant. There are, however, an infinite number of highly abundant numbers that are not superabundant numbers. This was proven by Jean-Louis Nicolas in 1969. +7200 is the largest powerful number that is also highly abundant. This is because every highly abundant number that is larger has a prime factor that divides them only once. + += = = Yasser Seirawan = = = +Yasser Seirawan (; born March 24, 1960) is an American chess grandmaster. He has been the United States champion four times. Seirawan won the World Junior Chess Championship in 1979. He has also written books about chess. + += = = 1997 Algarve Cup = = = +The 1997 Algarve Cup was the fourth edition of the Algarve Cup, an invitational women's association football tournament. It took place between 10 and 16 March 1997 in Portugal with Norway winning the event for the third time in its history, defeating the PR China, 1-0 in the final-game. Sweden ended up third defeating Denmark, 6-5 following a penalty shootout, in the third prize-game. + += = = Horrabridge = = = +Horrabridge is a village in West Devon, England. In 2011, there were 3,115 people living in Horrabridge. It is about north of the city of Plymouth and south of Tavistock and is in the Dartmoor National Park. +The main river in Horrabridge is the River Walkham, which is famous for its salmon. +The village is named after a 15th century horse bridge. + += = = Gundala (1981 movie) = = = +Gundala or "Gundala Putra Petir/Gundala, Son of the Lightning", "Black Lightning" in Philippines, is a 1981 Indonesian science fiction action fantasy superhero movie directed by Liliek Sudjio, the character is based on the comic character of the same name. the film will be a remake in early 2019. +Plot. +Sancoko by creating an anti-lightning serum causes to his body by a resistant to by his god of Lightning turns him into Gundala. +Cast. + += = = Wilsum, Germany = = = +Wilsum is a community in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany near the Dutch border, and it belongs to the Joint Community ("Samtgemeinde") of Uelsen. + += = = Uelsen (Samtgemeinde) = = = +Uelsen is a "Samtgemeinde" ("collective municipality") in Bentheim, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the municipality Uelsen. +The "Samtgemeinde" Uelsen has the following municipalities: + += = = Neuenhaus (Samtgemeinde) = = = +Neuenhaus is a "Samtgemeinde" ("collective municipality") in Bentheim, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the municipality Neuenhaus. +The "Samtgemeinde" Neuenhaus has the following municipalities: + += = = Schüttorf (Samtgemeinde) = = = +Schüttorf is a "Samtgemeinde" ("collective municipality") in the County of Bentheim, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the municipality Schüttorf. + += = = Adelheidsdorf = = = +Adelheidsdorf is a municipality in Celle, in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Ahnsbeck = = = +Ahnsbeck is a municipality in Celle, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is at the southern border of the Lüneburg Heath, 10 km eastern of the city of Celle. It is part of the collective municipality of Lachendorf. + += = = Beedenbostel = = = +Beedenbostel is a municipality in Celle, in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Bergen, Lower Saxony = = = +Bergen is a town in the north of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Administratively it acts as a municipal borough divided into 12 subordinate parishes based on the town and its surrounding villages: Becklingen, Belsen, Bergen, Bleckmar, Diesten, Dohnsen, Eversen, Hagen, Hassel, Offen, Sülze and Wardböhmen. +Geography. +Bergen is in the north of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath, in Lower Saxony, Germany. The Bundesstraße 3 (B3) passed through the municipal territory from north to south. +Town twinning. +Bergen maintains partnerships with the towns of: +Pembroke & Pembroke Dock in Wales +Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht in the Netherlands +Śrem in Poland +It also partners with the home county ("Heimatkreis") of: +Szubin (1941–1945 Altburgund) in Poland adopted the town of Bergen in 1956. There often used to be more than 1,000 participants at the annual meeting of the previous home county of Altburgund-Schubin. +In addition the town of Bergen has friendly relations with the following: +Rožnov pod Radhoštěm in the Czech Republic +Ottendorf-Okrilla in the county of Bautzen in Saxony +Pembroke (Malta) in Malta + += = = Primitive abundant number = = = +In math, a primitive abundant number is a special kind of abundant number. Its proper divisors, however, must all be deficient numbers(numbers whose sum of proper divisors are less than 2 times that number). +Example. +For example, 20 is a primitive abundant number because: +The first few primitive abundant numbers are 20, 70, 88, 104, 272, 304, 368, 464, 550, 572 ... +The smallest odd primitive abundant number is 945. +Properties. +Every multiple of a primitive abundant number is abundant . +Every abundant number is a multiple of either a primitive abundant number or a multiple of a perfect number. +Every primitive abundant number is either a primitive semiperfect number or a weird number. +There is an infinite amount of primitive abundant numbers. + += = = Polynesian mythology = = = +The Polynesian narrative or Polynesian mythology are the oral traditions of the Polynesian people. + += = = Palembang people = = = +Palembangese or Palembang Malay (Palembang: "Uwong Pelémbang") are indigenous ethnic group native to the Palembang regions in southern Sumatra, Indonesia. There are around 3,800,000 Palembang living in Indonesia. +Culture. +The Palembang culture is one of the oldest civilisations in Indonesia. Especially they flourished in the southern hempishere of Sumatra. +Noble titles. +According to its prominent role, the Palembang Malay people are categorized under two classifications. They are the "Wong Jero/Wong Jeroo" ( 'aristocrats') and "Wong Jabo" ( 'regular people'). Palembangese noble titles are highly influenced by the Javanese nobility system due to the Javanese royals relationship with the Palembangese royals. + += = = Teuku Iskandar = = = +Teuku Iskandar was an Indonesian scholar, literary critic, lexicographer, historian, and nobleman. He was one of the native Indonesians of Acehnese who wanted to find explore the historical records of the indigenous civilizations of the Indonesian island of Sumatra (mainly revolve about the literatures of Acehnese, as well as Malay). In the modern days, Teuku Iskandar considered as the linguistic father of Standard Malay, a standardized form of Malay which heavily based on the Standard Indonesian linguistic elements. +Biography. +Background. +Teuku Iskandar was born at the district of Trienggadeng in the Pidie Jaya regencial territory of Aceh (part of modern-day Indonesia). He was a native Acehnese who was born to a father who were an Aceh's "uleebalang" ( in Acehnese). His front name "Teuku" indicated that he was originally from notable Acehnese family background. +Early life. +In 1947, a day after Queen Juliana appointed as regent, the 18-year-old Teuku Iskandar was able to continue his study at Leiden University in Leiden (part of the Netherlands). +In 1955, he earned his doctorate from Leiden University with a dissertation which was later published as a book, "De Hikajat Atjeh" (). Topics related to Aceh has become his personal interest due to his personal ancestry background, which later also became his main topic of his dissertation. His interest was mainly driven by his personal background because at that time he was part of the first-known generation of Acehnese who studied at the Leiden University in Netherlands. Moreover, at that time he was motivated by the fact that there were not as many books written by native Indonesians that discuss about the state of Aceh and its natives (the Acehnese people and Acehnese language). In addition, Teuku Iskandar adore the Acehnese culture so much, as he told to his children. +1960s. +In the 1960s, Teuku Iskandar asked by Sukarno (the first president of Indonesia) to be part of the founders of a state university in the state of Aceh, which later publicly known as the Syiah Kuala University, which he was briefly served as the dean for the Faculty of Economics for several years. +His diligence in studying the Malay literature as one of the indigenous languages of Sumatra (and also the native culture of Sumatra in general) attracted another countries interest, such as the federation of Malaysia who had no capable linguists or even scholars at that time (as Malaysia was developed as newly created country), he was offered to work at the "Dewan Pustaka dan Bahasa" () of Malaysia. During his tenure, Teuku Iskandar asked by the Malaysia's linguistic council to copied the "Bahasa Indonesia dan Pembakuannya" () and "Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia" () who were developed by Raja Ali Haji (an Indonesian Bugis scholar) since 19th century and Anton Moeliono in 1969 to re-branded and claimed it as the "Kamus Dewan" () that published in 1970 and designated as the main linguistic reference for the Malay language in the region (which later also known as Malaysian Malay). At the same time, he was also asked by the Sultan of Brunei Darussalam to become a lecture at the University of Brunei Darussalam and he received a professorship from the university. His works are still used as the main linguistic source for the Standard Malay until nowadays in all respective Malay-speaking countries (which may include Singapore). +Teuku Iskandar later returned to Leiden to serve as the lecturer. Within his alma-mater (Leiden University) educational environment, he became a prominent and ultimate professor for Acehnese and Malay literature, and also gave special classes in the Acehnese language. As an Acehnese enthusiast, he also continued to produce his works related to Aceh including "the Catalog of Acehnese Manuscripts" (compiled with Voorhoeve), two large volumes of "the Catalog of Malay, Minangkabau and South Sumatra, and Manuscripts" (in the Netherlands). +Family relationship. +Studying classical literary manuscripts is a job that not many people can do. It takes passion, perseverance, thoroughness and high concentration. But, indeed, such qualities seem to be attached to Teuku Iskandar. "Dad really likes history and art", said Tjut Njak Ubit Iskandar who are the second daughter of Teuku Iskandar. Teuku Iskandar is very thorough even in reading the books he referenced. +As a close daughter, Tjut Njak Ubit Iskandar often found his father's handwritten notes in reference books, which indicated that the information in the books could be referenced or questioned. Ubit also said that his father is the type of person who reads and contemplates a lot. Despite his abundant knowledge, he is not an 'outsider' or talkative person. Not all of his interlocutors can also make him interested in talking. But if he meets someone he thinks is sharp-minded, this father of three will be an extraordinary storyteller. “When there is a moment like that, my mother usually asks me to bring a recording device to save the interesting conversation,” recalls Ubit. +Teuku Iskandar was also a scholar and person who holds principles. He's not the kind of person who wants to please others but rather be himself. In Ubit's eyes, his father was not interested in politics even though he loved Sumatran (especially Acehnese and Malay) culture very much, he was an intellectual who carried himself as a citizen of the world. Also, not many people know that Teuku Iskandar is very fond of architectural history. According to Ubit, it can be said that his father's first love was precisely in architecture. However, because his chemistry skills were not sufficient to become a scholar of architecture, he then chose to study literature. +Teuku Iskandar's passion for architecture can be found in his residence in Jakarta which he designed himself. He also built a rest house with an English garden-style garden in Bogor, which he also designed his own architecture. At his home in the Netherlands, Teuku Iskandar designed a fireplace made of wood from a bridge from the 17th century with Acehnese decorations. One of his other hobbies is sketching. Teuku also once conveyed his dream to his sons and daughters, he wanted to build a farmhouse in Aceh. "I have a dream (to develop) in Aceh", Ubit remembers his father. +In one of his works, a book that discusses "Bustanas-Salatin" by Nuruddin ar-Ranniry, Teuku Iskandar asked Ubit to translate it into English. For years, the father and daughter studied books by 17th century clerics who were read by scholars and sultans in the Aceh Kingdom. For Ubit, it was a wonderful experience that was unforgettable. +As a respected scholar (mainly in Indonesia and Southeast Asia), Teuku Iskandar was known as a very down-to-earth person. Tjut Rosmanida, his first daughter who lived in Medan, said, “Father is a humble and simple person. His demeanor is mediocre. When you go home to Aceh, you always ask for Acehnese food to be cooked. He likes all Acehnese dishes.” A valuable lesson from his father that he always reminded him to be proud to be an Acehnese and proud to speak the Acehnese language. +Awards. +Teuku Iskandar was officially awarded in 2017 as the ‘"Satyalancana Budaya"’, an award by the national government of the Republic Indonesia due to his revolutionary and persistent works, especially in revivifying the indigenous Sumatran linguistics and cultures (mainly revolve about Acehnese, as well as Malay). + += = = Borislav Ivkov = = = +Borislav Ivkov (November 12, 1933 – February 14, 2022) was a Serbian chess Grandmaster. He was a World championship candidate in 1965. He played in four more Interzonal tournaments, in 1967, 1970, 1973, and 1979. Ivkov was born in Belgrade, then-Yugoslavia. He was a three-time Yugoslav Champion (1958, 1963, 1972) and was the first World Junior Champion in 1951. +Ivkov died on February 14, 2022 at the age of 88. + += = = Berit Berthelsen = = = +Berit Berthelsen ( Tøien, 25 April 1944 – 13 February 2022) was a Norwegian athlete. She represented IL Tyrving. He also was part of the national team. She was known for participating in long jump and sprints events. She finished seventh at the 1964 Summer Olympics and ninth at the 1968 Summer Olympics. She won a bronze medal at the 1969 European Athletics Championships. +Berthelsen died on 13 February 2022, at the age of 77. + += = = Almost perfect number = = = +In math, an almost perfect number (also called slightly defective or least deficient number) is a type of natural number "n". The sum of "n"'s divisors must be equal to 2"n" − 1. Every known almost perfect number is a power of 2 and has non-negative exponents . +Examples. +For example, the divisors of 32 are 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32. The sum of those is 63. 32 ⋅ 2 - 1 is 63. This makes 32 an almost perfect number. +Odd numbers. +The only known odd almost perfect number 1. An odd almost perfect number that's not 1 is possible. It would, however, have to have six prime factors. + += = = Daniel Passent = = = +Daniel Passent (28 April 1938 – 14 February 2022) was a Polish journalist, politician and writer. He was the author of the "En passant" blog, which was appearing as a column in a Polish weekly "Polityka". Passent was born in modern-day Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine. Passent was the Ambassador of Chile from 1997 until 2002. +Passent died on 14 February 2022, at the age of 83. + += = = Željko Mijač = = = +Željko Mijač (13 January 1954 – 14 February 2022) was a Croatian football manager and player. +During his playing career he played with HNK Hajduk Split (1974–76; 43/10) and NK Rijeka (1976–81; 72/7) in the Yugoslav First League. He ended his career playing in Italy in 1987. +Mijač was the coach of Standard de Liège during 1999. He then worked as assistant coach of Bahrain national team, Hajduk Split, Persepolis and Rah Ahan. +Mijač died on 14 February 2022, at the age of 68. + += = = Aled Roberts = = = +Aled Roberts (17 May 1962 – 13 February 2022) was a Welsh politician. He was born in Rhosllannerchrugog, Wrexham. He was an elected member of the National Assembly for Wales from 2011 until 2016. He was a member of the Welsh Liberal Democrats party. +On 1 April 2019 he was appointed Welsh Language Commissioner by the Welsh Government. +Roberts died on 13 February 2022, at the age of 59. + += = = Rhosllanerchrugog = = = +Rhosllanerchrugog (also spelled Rhosllannerchrugog, ), is a large village and community in Wrexham County Borough, Wales. It lies within the historic county of Denbighshire. It had a population of 25,362. + += = = Nolan Williams (politician) = = = +Roy Nolan Williams Jr. (August 15, 1941 – February 12, 2022) was an American politician. Williams was born in Dale County, Alabama. He taught school in Virginia and in Florida. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives from 1975 until 1995. +Williams died on February 12, 2022 in Newton, Alabama at the age of 80. + += = = Ted Mappus = = = +Theodore Tobias Mappus Jr. (July 20, 1926 – February 11, 2022) was an American politician. Mappus was born in Charleston, South Carolina. He was in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1987 to 1991 and was a Republican. +Mappus died on February 11, 2022 in Charleston at the age of 95. + += = = Tom McCormick (politician) = = = +Thomas Ferguson McCormick (January 2, 1926 – February 10, 2022) was an American politician. McCormick was born in Brooklyn, New York. He was elected to the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 2002 as a Republican, and lost his re-election bid in 2004. +McCormick died on February 10, 2022, at the age of 96 at his home in New London, New Hampshire. + += = = New London, New Hampshire = = = +New London is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,400 at the 2020 census. + += = = Valerio Carrara = = = +Valerio Carrara (3 March 1951 – 9 February 2022) was an Italian politician. He was a member of Italy of Values, Forza Italia, and The People of Freedom. He was in the Senate of the Republic from 2001 to 2013. Carrara was born in Oltre il Colle, Italy. +Carrara died in Seriate, Italy on 9 February 2022, at the age of 70. + += = = Oltre il Colle = = = +Oltre il Colle (Bergamasque: ) is a "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy. It is located about northeast of Milan and about northeast of Bergamo. + += = = Seriate = = = +Seriate ( Bergamasque: [] ) is a "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy. It is located about northeast of Milan and about southeast of Bergamo. + += = = Hans-Ulrich Klose (politician, born 1935) = = = +Hans-Ulrich Klose (29 March 1935 – 7 February 2022) was a German politician. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany. He was in the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia from 1985 to 2005. +Klose died in Korschenbroich, Germany on 7 February 2022, at the age of 86. + += = = Korschenbroich = = = +Korschenbroich is a city in the Rhein-Kreis Neuss, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. + += = = Iwao Matsuda = = = + was a Japanese politician. He was a member of the Liberal Democratic Party. Matsuda was a member of the House of Councillors from 1998 until 2010. He was born in Gifu City, Japan. Matsuda was elected to the House of Representatives for the first time in 1986. After losing his seat in 1996, he was elected to the House of Councillors for the first time in 1998. +Matsuda died from problems caused by hypoglycemia on 3 February 2022 in Gifu City, at the age of 84. + += = = Paul Danahy = = = +Paul William Danahy Jr. (April 19, 1928 – February 1, 2022) was an American Democratic politician and lawyer. He was in the Florida House of Representatives from 1967 to 1974. He was later a judge on the Florida District Court of Appeals. Danahy was born in Hopkinton, Massachusetts. +Danahy died in Tampa, Florida on February 1, 2022, at the age of 93. + += = = Hopkinton, Massachusetts = = = +Hopkinton is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. At the 2020 census, the town had a population of 18,758. + += = = Deaths in 2022 = = = +The following is a list of notable deaths in 2022. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting. + += = = David Fuller (politician) = = = +David Edward Fuller (July 28, 1941 – February 5, 2022) was an American politician. Fuller was born in Helena, Montana. He was a Democrat. Fuller was in the Montana Senate from 1983 until 1987. +Fuller died on February 5, 2022 in East Helena, Montana from problems caused by COVID-19 at the age of 80. + += = = Richard Wiseman = = = +Richard J. Wiseman (born 17 September 1966) is a British humanist, psychologist and writer. He was a Professor of the Public Understanding of Psychology at the University of Hertfordshire in the United Kingdom. He has written several best-selling popular psychology books that have been translated into over 30 languages. +He is a fellow for the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. + += = = Ricou Browning = = = +Ricou Browning (February 16, 1930 – February 27, 2023) was an American director, actor, producer, screenwriter, underwater cinematographer and stuntman. He was best known for his underwater stunt work, playing the Gill-man in "Creature from the Black Lagoon", "Revenge of the Creature" and "The Creature Walks Among Us". He was the last surviving original actor to play any of the Universal Classic Monsters. Browning also co-created "Flipper". +Browning directed the underwater sequences in 1965's "Thunderball", the fourth James Bond movie by Eon Productions. +Browning died on February 27, 2023 at his home in Southwest Ranches, Florida at the age of 93. + += = = Halyna Sevruk = = = +Halyna Sylvestrivna Sevruk (18 May 1929 – 13 February 2022) was a Uzbek-born Ukrainian artist. She was known for her ceramics and mosaics. Her art was related to Ukrainian history and culture. She was a member of the Sixtiers, a dissident movement of intellectuals in the Soviet Union in the 1960s. Sevruk was born in Samarkand, Uzbekistan. +Sevruk died on 13 February 2022, at the age of 92. + += = = Serdar Berdimuhamedow = = = +Serdar Gurbanguliyevich Berdimuhamedov (; ; born 22 September 1981) is a Turkmen politician. He is the 3rd and current President of Turkmenistan since 2022. +He is the only son of Turkmenistan's dictator Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow. +From 2016 until 2019, he was a member of the Assembly of Turkmenistan. From 2019 until 2020, he was the Governor of the Ahal Region. + += = = Assembly of Turkmenistan = = = +The Assembly () is the lower house of the National Council of Turkmenistan. It has 125 members, elected for five-year terms in single-seat constituencies. + += = = National Council of Turkmenistan = = = +The National Council of Turkmenistan () is Turkmenistan's bicameral national legislative body or parliament. The upper chamber is the People's Council () and the lower chamber is the Assembly (). The National Council was created in March 2021 after election of members to the upper chamber. + += = = People's Council of Turkmenistan = = = +The Halk Maslahaty (, ]; "People's Council") is the upper chamber of Turkmenistan's Parliament, the "National Council" (). It is made up of 56 members, 48 elected from the five provinces and the capital city of Ashgabat, and 8 appointed by the president. + += = = John Constantine = = = +John Constantine () is an antihero who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. He is the lead character of the comic books "Hellblazer" (1988–2013), "Constantine" (2013–2015), "Constantine: The Hellblazer" (2015–2016), "The Hellblazer" (2016–2018), and "John Constantine: Hellblazer" (2020–2021). +Constantine is a English working-class warlock, detective, and con man from Liverpool. Constantine's physical appearance was based on the musician Sting. The "Hellblazer" series was the longest-running and most successful title of DC's Vertigo imprint. IGN ranked him number 29 in its Top 100 Comic Book Heroes. +Constantine is known for the fact that some of the people who wrote his stories have claimed to see him apparently showing up in real life even though he is a fictional character. +Portrayals. +John Constantine made his first live appearance in the 2005 movie "Constantine" played by Keanu Reeves. + += = = Isis (DC Comics) = = = +Isis is a DC Comics superhero, as well as a separate Egyptian goddess also living in the DC Universe. The superhero character is inspired by the main character in "The Secrets of Isis", a live-action American Saturday morning television program. +The DC Universe in 2006 as a female version of the character Black Adam, a part of the "Shazam!" family of characters. +The character is set to make her first movie appearance in "Black Adam" (2022), being played by Sarah Shahi. + += = = Bianca Gonzalez = = = +Bianca Monica Malasmas Gonzalez-Intal (better known as Bianca Gonzalez; born on March 11, 1983) is a Filipino television personality, model, and celebrity influencer best known for hosting the Pinoy Big Brother TV show on ABS-CBN. She is married to Filipino basketball player JC Intal. + += = = Liemers (dialect) = = = +Liemers is a South Guelderish dialect, which is a Low Franconian sub-dialect. It is spoken in the Liemers, a region in the province of Gelderland, the Netherlands. +Liemers has some influences from neighbouring Achterhooks, which is a Low Saxon dialect. + += = = Kingdom of Heaven (movie) = = = +Kingdom of Heaven is a 2005 American German Spanish British Italian French Moroccan action adventure drama movie directed by Ridley Scott and starring Orlando Broom, Eva Green, Jeremy Irons, David Thewlis, Brendan Gleeson, Marton Csokas, Edward Norton, Iain Glen, Michael Sheen, Ghassan Massoud, Velibor Topić, Martin Hancock, Philip Glenister. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Japhet = = = +According to the Bible, Japhet or Japheth was the oldest son of Noah. His name means "increase". Many think Japhet is the ancestor of the peoples of Europe (like the Indo-European people) and North and Central Asia. +Sons. +He had seven sons: +He also had a daughter, Keturah, who married Abraham after the death of his wife Sarah. + += = = Shem = = = +According to the Bible, Shem is one of the sons of Noah. His name means "name" or "famous name". He is said to have populated parts of Asia. He had five sons, Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, and Aram. The children of these sons lived in Elam, Assyria, Asia, Lydia, and Syria respectively. + += = = Ham (son of Noah) = = = +Ham, according to the Bible, was Noah's youngest son and the ancestor of the peoples of Africa. His name means "hot". +He had four sons: Cush, Mizraim, Phut, and Canaan. They populated Ethiopia, Egypt, Libya, and the land of Canaan (now Israel) respectively. +According to the Bible's Book of Genesis, Ham spied on his father while he was naked. This angered Noah, who cursed Ham's son Canaan. + += = = TV3 (Malaysian TV network) = = = +TV3 (spelled as Tivi Tiga) is a Malaysian free-to-air television channel. It is owned by Media Prima media company. It was launched on 1 June 1984. TV3 is the first and oldest private television channel in Malaysia. + += = = Arpachshad = = = +According to the Bible, Arpachshad or Arphaxad was the son of Shem, Noah's son. Arpachshad's son Salah was an ancestor of Abraham and Jesus. + += = = Emmerich am Rhein = = = +Emmerich am Rhein (Low Rhenish: "Emmerik") is a town in the Kleve Rural District, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It had about 31,000 people in 2021. +Emmerich lies on the north bank of the Rhine river and borders the province of Gelderland in the Netherlands. + += = = Boyd Q.C. = = = +Boyd Q.C. is a British courtroom drama series that aired on ITV and was ran for seven series in total with most on the episodes missing. It stars Michael Denison, Russell Waters and Charles Leno. + += = = Polish Underground State = = = +The Polish Underground State (, also known as the Polish Secret State) was a single political and military entity formed by the union of resistance organizations in occupied Poland. They were loyal to the Polish government-in-exile in London. + += = = Bokermannohyla izeckshoni = = = +Izecksohn's tree frog ("Bokermannohyla izeckshoni") is a frog that lives in Brazil. It lives on the Atlantic side (east) of the country. +The adult frog can grow as large as 5.1 cm from nose to rear end. It is light brown in color with a mottling pattern on its back. It has yellow color on its sides. +Young. +The female frog lays eggs in pools of water that dry up for part of the year. Because the male frogs have no vocal sacs, scientists thing the frogs do not have voices. +Threats. +This frog is in danger of dying out because human beings change the places where it lives. Human beings cut down forests for wood, farms, or places for cows and other animals to eat grass. + += = = Becklingen = = = +Becklingen is a German village in Bergen in the northern part of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath. Previously an independent municipality, it is part of the town Bergen since 1971. +Geography. +Becklingen is about north of Bergen just off the B 3 federal highway. Its parish includes the villages of Becklingen, Oehus and Tannensieksberg. There is also a hamlet known as Becklingen (Bhf) which has grown up around the old station about a mile from the main village. "Bhf" is the German abbreviation for "Bahnhof" or 'railway station'. + += = = Belsen (Bergen) = = = +Belsen is a village within the German borough of Bergen in the northern part of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath in Lower Saxony. The village, whose original site is about southwest of Bergen, has 331 residents . + += = = Bleckmar = = = +Bleckmar is a village administered by the Lower Saxon town of Bergen in the northern part of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath in North Germany. It is about north of Bergen on the B 3 federal road. It is administratively responsible for the neighbouring hamlet of Dageförde. + += = = Vielen Dank für die Blumen = = = +"" (German: "Thank you very much for the flowers") from "Welcome in my life" () is a German-language schlager pop song by Austrian singer Udo Jürgens and written by Eduardo Lisavetzky and Siegfried Rabe in 1981. +In other media by soundtrack from television and movies included, "Tom and Jerry" in German-language dubbed version of the main title song, along with YouTube's German-dubbed parodic abridged version of "Kid Cosmic" as a satirical theme of the titular character. + += = = Diesten = = = +Diesten is a village in the Lower Saxon town of Bergen in the northern part of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath in northern Germany. It is 20 km north of Celle on "Kreisstraße" K 240. + += = = Eversen (Bergen) = = = +Eversen is a village in the town of Bergen in the northern part of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath in the north German state of Lower Saxony. +Geography. +Geographical place. +Eversen is on the boundary of the Südheide Nature Park about north of the town of Celle and about southwest of Hermannsburg on the L 240 state road that runs from Celle to Hermannsburg. The village is on a sandy island of loess in the glacial valley of the Örtze which was formed in the Weichselian Ice Age. It is responsible for administering the neighbouring hamlets of Feuerschützenbostel and Altensalzkoth and the farmstead of Kohlenbach. Feuerschützenbostel is about 2.5 km to the southwest, Altensalzkoth about 1.5 km southeast and Kohlenbach about 2.5 km southeast of Eversen. + += = = Francis, Duke of Teck = = = +Francis was an Austrian and Hungarian nobleman who married into the British royal family. + += = = Kohlenbach = = = +Kohlenbach is a village in the parish of Eversen which belongs to the town of Bergen on the Lüneburg Heath in Celle in the north German state of Lower Saxony. + += = = Altensalzkoth = = = +Altensalzkoth is a village in the Lower Saxon town of Bergen in north Germany. It belongs to the parish of Eversen in Celle on the Lüneburg Heath. It is 13 km north of Celle on the "Landesstraße" L 240. + += = = Feuerschützenbostel = = = +Feuerschützenbostel is a hamlet in the town of Bergen in North Germany that belongs to the parish of Eversen. It is 2.5 km west of Eversen. + += = = Hagen (Bergen) = = = +Hagen is a village administered by the Lower Saxon town of Bergen in the northern part of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath in North Germany. + += = = Janusz Góra = = = +Janusz Góra (born 8 July 1963) is a retired Polish footballer. He played for Górnik Wałbrzych, Śląsk Wrocław, Stuttgarter Kickers, SSV Ulm 1846 and FC Augsburg. He also represented the Poland national football team 11 times between 1989 and 1992. After his playing career he became a football coach. +Coaching career. +He started his career with SSV Ulm where he coached SSV Ulm II and the first team. 2012 he came to the Red Bull Salzburg Academy where he coached the U16 team and was assistance coach with the U18 team. From 2017 till 2019 he was together with Gerhard Struber coach of FC Liefering in Austrias Second League. In 2019 he was caretaker headcoch of the team. +After leaving Salzburg he became assistance coach of the Polish Ekstraklasa club Lech Poznań and for one match interim coach in the league game against Legia Warsaw, on 11 April 2021. After this match he became assistance coach with the new Poznan coach Maciej Skorża. + += = = Hassel (Bergen) = = = +Hassel is a village administered by the Lower Saxon town of Bergen in the northern part of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath in North Germany. Previously an independent municipality, it is part of the town Bergen since 1973. +Geography. +It is about south of Bergen on the B 3 federal road in the glacial valley of the River Örtze. It has an area of . It is administratively responsible for the neighbouring hamlets of Achterberg, Grünewald and Wallerholz. + += = = Nindorf (Bergen) = = = +Nindorf is a village administered by the Lower Saxon town of Bergen in the northern part of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath in North Germany. It is about northwest of Bergen on the B 3 federal road. + += = = Offen, Bergen = = = +Offen is a village administered by the Lower Saxon town of Bergen in the northern part of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath in North Germany. +Geography. +Offen is about south of Bergen on the B 3 federal road. Offen is also responsible for the neighbouring villages of Bollersen and Katensen. + += = = Highly composite number = = = +A highly composite number in math (also called "anti-prime") is a real number with more divisors than any smaller real number smaller than it. +Jean-Pierre Kahane thought that Plato might have known about highly composite numbers. This is because he chose 5040 as a good number of citizens in a city as 5040 has more divisor than any numbers less than it. +Examples. +The first 38 highly composite numbers are listed in the table below . The number of divisors is given in the column labeled "d"("n"). The letters with asterisks are also superior highly composite numbers. +The divisor of the first 15 highly composite numbers are shown below. +The table below shows all 72 divisors of 10080 by writing it as a product of two numbers in 36 different ways. +Similar sequences. +Every highly composite number that is bigger than 6 is also an abundant number. Not all highly composite numbers are also Harshad numbers, however most of them are the same. The first highly composite number that is not a Harshad number is 245,044,800. This number's digit's sum is 27. 27, however, doesn't divide into 245,044,800 evenly. +10 of the first 38 highly composite numbers are also superior highly composite numbers. + += = = Oleksandra Lohviniuk = = = +Oleksandra Lohviniuk (born 8 September 2001) is a Ukrainian track cyclist. +She won the bronze medal in the team sprint at the 2020 UEC European Track Championships. She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, in the women's team sprint event. + += = = Kseniia Fedotova = = = +Kseniia Fedotova also written as Kseniya Fedotova (������ ��������; born 30 December 1997) is a Ukrainian road and track cyclist. She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, in two events. + += = = Yareli Acevedo = = = +Yareli Acevedo Mendoza (born 29 July 2001) is a Mexican road and track cyclist. She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, in three events. + += = = Mousa Esmaeilpour = = = +Mousa Esmaeilpour Karimi is an Iranian bodybuilder and coach. +Biography. +Mousa Esmaeilpour was born on September 21, 1981, in , Iran. Mousa turned into sport due to personal and family interesting in 1996 and he also participated in national competitions and he has won numerous awards. But he left sport due to injuries after four years. + += = = Stella Bail = = = +Stella Bail is a British track cyclist. +She won the silver medal at the 1958 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, in the women's team pursuit event. The 1958 UCI Track Cycling World Championships where the first Track Cycling World Championships where female competed, and so she is the first British female medalist at the UCI Track Cycling World Championships, next to Kathleen Ray who won bronze. + += = = Ludmilla Kotchetova = = = +Ludmilla Kotchetova (12 July 1929 – 4 November 2010) is a Soviet track cyclist. She became national champion in the individual pursuit in 1956. At the 1958 UCI Track Cycling World Championships she became the first ever female world champion in the women's individual pursuit event. The next year at the 1959 UCI Track Cycling World Championships she won the bronze medal. + += = = Viktoriia Yaroshenko = = = +Viktoriia Yaroshenko (born 12 July 1999) is a Ukrainian road and track cyclist. She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. + += = = Marianis Salazar = = = +Marianis Salazar Sanchez (born 11 May 2003) is a Colombian track cyclist. She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. + += = = Alla Biletska = = = +Alla Biletska (born 19 May 2003) is a Ukrainian track cyclist. She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. + += = = Fanny Cauchois = = = +Fanny Cauchois (born 11 January 2001) is a French-Laotian track cyclist. She represents Laos at international competitions, including at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. + += = = Adelina Corbanese = = = +Adelina Corbanese (29 March 1966 – 20 October 2021) was an Italian rugby union player. She was a member of the Italy women's national rugby union team (1986-2003) and Red Panthers [it] (1985-2003). With the national team she became European champion at the 2002 FIRA Women's European Nations Cup. After her playing career in 2003 she became coach of the Red Panthers. +She died on 20 October 2021, aged 55. + += = = Nikola Sibiak = = = +Nikola Sibiak (born 21 June 2000) is a Polish track cyclist. She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. + += = = Fuko Umekawa = = = +Fuko Umekawa (born 1 March 1991) is a Japanese track cyclist. She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. + += = = Yarli Mosquera Quiceno = = = +Yarli Mosquera Quiceno (born 13 December 2001) is a Colombian track cyclist. She became champion in the team sprint at the 2021 Pan American Track Cycling Championships. She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. + += = = Basters = = = +The Basters are a Southern African ethnic group descended from Europeans and Bantu peoples, many are of Khoisan origin. Basters are closely related to Afrikaners, Cape Coloured and Griqua peoples of South Africa, who share the Afrikaans language. +History. +Since the 18th century, the Basters lived in the Dutch Cape Colony. Since the 1850’s, the Baster community mainly lives in central Namibia, around the town of Rehoboth. +The name "Baster" is derived from "", the Dutch word for "bastard". Some people consider this term disrespectful and inappropriate. The Basters reappropriated it as a proud name, part of their ancestry and history, despite of the negative meaning. +Population. +The current population of Basters is unclear, around 35,000 and 40,000 are estimated. Baster culture and identity might disappear. Modern Namibia's politics and public life is largely dominated by the ethnic Owambo people, nearly half of the Namibian population, and their culture. Baster politicians and activists have called Owambo policies oppressive towards their minority. + += = = Chhota Bheem and the Throne of Bali = = = +Chhota Bheem and the Throne of Bali is a 2013 Indian animated movie. It was written and directed by Rajiv Chilaka. The movie was also produced by him and Samir Jain. The movie is based on the Indian animated series Chhota Bheem. It is the sixteenth movie in the Chhota Bheem series. It is the second movie in the series to be released directly to movie theatres. Distributed by Yash Raj Films, it was released in four different languages (English, Hindi, Tamil, and Telugu). The movie got mixed reviews. It had its television premiere on Hungama TV on July 17, 2013. It was released in the United States on February 1, 2014. The movie was shown on Pogo TV on January 30, 2021. It was voted best animated movie of 2013 by IBNLive. +Plot. +On their visit to Bali for the coronation of the state's prince, Chhota Bheem and his friends learn that the state is captured by witch Rangda. Along with his friends, he sets out to save Bali. + += = = Merak = = = +Merak or Beta Ursae Majoris is a star in the constellation Ursa Major. It is a white star three times larger than the Sun. It is a part of an asterism called the Big Dipper. + += = = Dubhe = = = +Dubhe or Alpha Ursae Majoris is a red giant star in the constellation of Ursa Major. It is 27 times wider than the Sun. + += = = Epsilon Ursae Majoris = = = +Epsilon Ursae Majoris or Alioth is a white star in the Ursa Major constellation. + += = = Alkaid = = = +Alkaid or Eta Ursae Majoris is a white star in the Ursa Major constellation. + += = = Nefertari = = = +Nefertari, also known as Nefertari Meritmut, was an Egyptian queen, She was the first of the Great Royal Wives (or principal wives) of Ramesses the Great. +Family. +Nefertari's family is unknown, but the name Pharaoh Ay was discovered in her tomb. It is believed that she was related to him and may be his granddaughter. However, there is no direct evidence linking Nefertari to the royal family of the Eighteenth Dynasty. +Nefertari married Ramesses II before he became the king of Egypt, She had at least four sons and two daughters. Amun-Hor-Khebeshef, Parheroenemph who served in the army of Ramesses II, Prince Meryatum who was high priest of Ra and Prince Mery-Ra is her fourth son that is mentioned at Abu Simbel. +Meritamen and Henuttaw were also queen Nefertari's daughters +Life. +Nefertari was the wife of Ramesses II, an ancient Egyptian pharaoh. They are often shown together in statues in Luxor and Karnak Temple. In Western Thebes, there are also mentions of Nefertari on a group of statues from Deir el-Bahari. The most important honor for Nefertari was in Abu Simbel. There, she is shown in statue at the great temple of Abu simbel, and the small temple is built to her and the goddess Hathor. The buulding of these temples began during the reign of Ramesses II, around year 25 of his reign, but they were not finished until ten years later. +Nefertari was a very important person at the court. She was friends with the queen of Hitties, and they wrote letters to each other. These letters were found in a place called Hattusas, which is now called Boghazkoy in Turkey. The letters mention Nefertari as “Naptera.” She gave presents to the king’s wife, Puduhepa. +She sent a a message to Puduhepa, the Great Queen of the Hitties land. She wishes her to be well and hopes that her country is also doing well. She has learned that Puduhepa is worried about her health and is happy for their good friendship and the strong relationship between the king of Egypt and Hitties. She believes that the Storm god will bring peace and ensure that the good relationship between the Egyptian king and the Hatti king lasts forever. +Tomb of Nefertari. +The most important and famous of Ramesses' Queen consorts was discovered in 1904. The tomb of Nefertari is extremely important, because its magnificent wall painting is regarded as one of the greatest examples of ancient Egyptian art. +A flight of steps cut out of the rock makes it possible to go to the antechamber. This is decorated with paintings based on chapter 17 of the Book of the Dead. The astronomical ceiling represents the heavens and is painted in dark blue, with many golden five-pointed stars. The east wall of the antechamber is interrupted by a large opening with paintings of Osiris and Anubis. This leads to the side chamber, decorated with offering scenes. A vestibule with paintings shows Nefertari being presented to the gods, who welcome her. On the north wall of the antechamber is the stairway that goes down to the burial chamber. This is a vast quadrangular room covering a surface area of about , the astronomical ceiling of which is supported by four pillars entirely covered with decoration. + += = = Villanueva, Cortés = = = +Villanueva is a city in Honduras. It has a population of 77,250 (2020 calculation). It is also a municipality in the Honduran department of Cortés. + += = = Kamila Valieva = = = +Kamila Valeryevna Valieva (; ; born 26 April 2006) is a Russian figure skater. +Records. +She is the 2022 European champion, 2021 Rostelecom Cup champion, 2021 Skate Canada International champion, 2023 Russian national and 2021 Russian National silver medalist. +Other websites. +! colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #78FF78;" |World Record Holders +! colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #78FF78;" |World Junior Record Holders + += = = Tha Carter = = = +Tha Carter is the fourth studio album by American rapper Lil Wayne. It was released on June 29, 2004. + += = = Sogdiana = = = +Sogdia () or Sogdiana was an ancient Iranian civilization in present-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. + += = = A Show of Force = = = +A Show of Force is a 1990 American Puerto Rican thriller movie directed by Bruno Barreto and based on the novel "Murder Under Two Flags" by Anne Nelson. It stars Kevin Spacey, Amy Irving, Andy García, Lou Diamond Phillips, Robert Duvall, Erik Estrada and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. The members of the police are people who are not necessarily biological relatives of people from the European continent, the friendship of the members of the police is not reconfirmed with Governor Luis Muñoz Marín who cannot engage in conversation with any of the children of the members of the police. police officers who are studying at the college of attorneys authorized by the "estado libre asociado de Puerto Rico", in 1968 Mr. Former governor Luis Muñoz Marín in a very personal elevation does not speak with members of the Puerto Rican police or with his student children, but in his inspiration which has to do with his nationality and his customs he travels to the deepest homeland in Europe to speak with his family friends who died by then, but some are alive on the European continent. The definition of "Show of Force" means that the newscast issues notifications that reach the viewer for reasons of spiritisms, but that did not necessarily occur, because the police are not the right hand of the members of the government, but it is done a demonstration of "show of force", even though it is the "estado libre asociado de United States", not a province of the European continent. + += = = P. J. O'Rourke = = = +Patrick Jake O'Rourke (November 14, 1947 – February 15, 2022) was an American political satirist and journalist. O'Rourke was the H. L. Mencken Research Fellow at the libertarian Cato Institute. He was a correspondent for "The Atlantic Monthly", "The American Spectator", and "The Weekly Standard". He appeared on National Public Radio's game show "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!" He was a columnist at "The Daily Beast" from 2011 to 2016. +In September 2008, O'Rourke announced that he had been diagnosed with treatable anal cancer. +O'Rourke died from lung cancer at his home in Sharon, New Hampshire on February 15, 2022, at the age of 74. + += = = Jeong Changhwa = = = +Jeong Changhwa (; 7 July 1940 – 15 February 2022) was a South Korean politician. He was a member of the Democratic Justice Party and later the Grand National Party. He was in the National Assembly from 1981 to 1992 and again from 1998 to 2004. +Jeong died on 15 February 2022, at the age of 81. + += = = Arnaldo Jabor = = = +Arnaldo Jabor (12 December 1940 – 15 February 2022) was a Brazilian movie director, producer, screenwriter, journalist and political commentator. He worked for Rede Globo. His career began in 1965 and he retired in 1990. His best known movies were "Pindorama" (1970), "All Nudity Shall Be Punished" (1973), "Everything's Alright" (1978), "I Love You" (1981) and "Love Me Forever or Never" (1986). +Jabor died at a hospital in São Paulo, Brazil on 15 February 2022 from problems caused by a stroke, aged 81. + += = = Youhanna Golta = = = +Youhanna Golta (27 January 1937 – 15 February 2022) was an Egyptian Coptic Catholic hierarch. He was born in Cairo, Egypt. He became a priest in 1960. He was auxiliary and curial bishop of the Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria, Egypt, from 1986 until his retirement in 2020. +Gotta died on 15 February 2022, at the age of 85. + += = = David Chidgey, Baron Chidgey = = = +David William George Chidgey, Baron Chidgey (9 July 1942 – 15 February 2022) was a British Liberal Democrat politician. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Eastleigh from 1994 to 2005. He became a member of the House of Lords in 2005. +Chidgey died on 15 February 2022, at the age of 79. + += = = Alan J. Greiman = = = +Alan Joel Greiman (December 29, 1931 – February 14, 2022) was an American lawyer and politician. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He practiced law in Skokie, Illinois. Greiman was in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1972 to 1987 and was a Democrat. +Greiman died on February 14, 2022, at the age of 90. + += = = Emanuel Marx = = = +Emanuel Marx (8 May 1927 – 13 February 2022) was a German-born Israeli social anthropologist. He was the Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Tel Aviv University. He was a winner of the Israel Prize in 1998 for sociological research. He was an honorary member of the British Royal Anthropological Institute. +Marx died on 13 February 2022 in Tel Aviv, Israel at the age of 94. + += = = Dasril Panin Datuk Labuan = = = +Dasril Panin Datuk Labuan (6 August 1947 – 13 February 2022) was an Indonesian politician. He was a member of Golkar and later the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle. He was in the People's Representative Council from 1982 to 1987 and again from 1993 to 2003. Datuk Labuan was born in Pulau Punjung, West Sumatra, Dutch East Indies. +Datuk Labuan died at a hospital in Bukittinggi, Indonesia on 13 February 2022, at the age of 74. + += = = Voiced labiodental fricative = = = +The voiced labiodental fricative is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is . The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by 'v' in "very" and "division". +See also in retroflex +counterpart + += = = Günter Maschke = = = +Günter Maschke (15 January 1943 – 7 February 2022) was a German political scientist. He was known as a supporter of the "Nouvelle Droite". Maschke was a journalist for "Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung". He worked for multiple newspapers, including "Junge Freiheit". +Maschke died in Frankfurt, Germany from diabetes-related problems on 7 February 2022, at the age of 79. + += = = Voiceless labiodental fricative = = = +The voiceless labiodental fricative is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is ⟨f⟩. The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by 'f' in "fear" and "face". + += = = Mr. Lucky (TV series) = = = +Mr. Lucky is an American adventure drama series that aired from 24 October, 1959 to 18 June, 1960 on CBS. It stars John Vivyan, Ross Martin, Tom Brown, Pippa Scott and was created by Blake Edwards. + += = = 6th Army (Wehrmacht) = = = +The 6th Army was a German army unit during World War II. It was well known for earning a lot of awards before it's defeat by the Soviets at the Battle of Stalingrad in the winter of 1942-1943. It had also been known for the mass killings of many Jews. + += = = Aitkin, Minnesota = = = +Aitkin is the county seat of Aitkin County, Minnesota, United States. + += = = Bokermannohyla carvalhoi = = = +Carvalho's tree frog ("Bokermannohyla carvalhoi") is a frog that lives in Brazil. + += = = Glossary of vexillology = = = +Vexillology is the study and collection of information about flags. This is a glossary of terms used in vexillology. +Basic patterns. +Flags often inherit traits seen in traditional European designs. As a result, patterns often share names. + += = = Triprion spinosus = = = +The spiny-headed tree frog, spine-headed tree frog, crowned hyla, coronated tree frog, or spinyhead tree frog ("Triprion spinosus") is a frog that lives in Mexico, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama and Guatemala. Scientists have seen it between 800 and 2,068 m meters above sea level in Mexico, 95 meters above sea level in Honduras, and 350 and 1330 meters above sea level in Costa Rica and Panama. +This frog used to be the only species in the genus "Anotheca", but then scientists moved it to "Triprion". +Appearance. +The adult male frog is 68 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 80 mm long. It has large, bony head with spines on it. In adult frogs, the skin has partially grown into the bone. Younger frogs do not have this. These frogs are dark brown in color, black bellies, and white sides. Male frogs do not have vocal slits in their throats, but they can sing anyway. +Young. +The female frog lays her eggs in holes in trees. First the male frog sits in the hole and sings. Then the female frog comes to him. +The female feeds the tadpoles by laying unfertilized eggs in the water inside the tree hole. Scientists have also seen the same female lay a second clutch of fertilized eggs in the same hole as her first clutch. Then the younger tadpoles disappear. The scientists believe that the older tadpoles eat them. +The tadpoles are white when they first hatch. Later they turn dark brown and blue-gray. +Threats. +This frog is nearly in danger of dying out but there are fewer of them than there were. This is because human beings change the places where the frog lives. Human beings cut down the forests for wood, farms, towns, and places for animals to eat grass. + += = = Regan, North Dakota = = = +Regan is a city in Burleigh County, North Dakota, United States. Its population was 35 in 2020. Regan was founded in 1912. +Geography. +Regan is in the coordinates (47.157318, −100.529396). The city is of land. +Climate. +Regan's climate has lots of temperature changes throughout the seasons. It's usually very hot and humid in the summers and cold in the winters. Regan has a humid continental climate. + += = = Bappi Lahiri = = = +Alokesh Lahiri (27 November 1952 – 15 February 2022), popularly known as Bappi Lahiri, was an Indian singer, composer, politician and record producer. He was known for his use of synthesized disco music in Indian cinema. Lahiri was born in Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, India. +He worked on the movies "Wardat", "Disco Dancer", "Namak Halaal", "Sharaabi", "Dance Dance", "Commando", "Saaheb", "Gang Leader" and "Sailaab". His career began in 1972 and he retired in 2020. +Lahiri voice dubbed Elton John in "" (2017) and Jemaine Clement in "Moana" (2016). +Lahiri joined the Bharatiya Janata Party in 2014. He was the unsuccessful BJP candidate for the Lok Sabha in 2014. +Lahiri died at a Mumbai hospital on 15 February 2022, aged 69. The cause of death was a lung infection caused by obstructive sleep apnea. + += = = Sandy Nelson = = = +Sander Lloyd Nelson (December 1, 1938 – February 14, 2022) was an American rock drummer. Nelson was one of the best-known rock drummers of the early 1960s. He was born in Santa Monica, California. His career began in 1959. His best known singles were "Teen Beat" and "Let There Be Drums". +Nelson died under hospice care in Las Vegas, Nevada on February 14, 2022 at the age of 83. + += = = Jaya = = = +Jaya, a stunning name with origins in Sanskrit, is widely used in India and other regions of the globe as a unisex name. The term "Jaya" is derived from the Sanskrit word "jay," which signifies triumph or accomplishment.The pronunciation of the name is / (ˈdʒɑːjə) /. This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021). + += = = Calendar Girl (1993 movie) = = = +Calendar Girl is a 1993 American comedy-drama movie directed by first time director John Whitesell and starring Jason Priestley, Jerry O'Connell, Gabriel Olds, Kurt Fuller, Luis Tiant, Lisa Stahl Sullivan, Chubby Checker, Maxwell Caulfield. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures. It suffered from poor reviews. + += = = Salah (Biblical figure) = = = +According to the Bible, Salah or Shelah was an ancestor of Jesus and Abraham. He was the son of Arpachshad and the father of Eber. + += = = Eber = = = +According to the Bible, Eber was an ancestor of Jesus and Abraham. He was the son of Salah and the father of two sons, Peleg and Joktan. Jesus and Abraham came through Peleg's line. Some people think the word "Hebrew" comes from his name. + += = = Joktan = = = +Joktan, according to the Bible, was the second son of Eber. Genesis 10:25 proves this: "Eber was the father of two sons. One son was named Peleg. He was given this name because the earth was divided during his life. The other son was named Joktan." +In Genesis 10, Joktan had thirteen sons: Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, Obal, Abimael, Sheba, Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. +Descendants. +Arab traditions. +Most Arabs believe Joktan and his sons were the ancestors of South Arabia. Joktan himself has been identified with the Qahtanites. + += = = Havilah = = = +Havilah is a land mentioned a few times in the Bible. No one is sure where it is located, although some suggestions include southern Saudi Arabia, Armenia, and even as far as India. +In the Book of Genesis (Chapter 2), one of the rivers that flows out of the Garden of Eden, the Pishon river, flows through Havilah, which is described as having gold and other precious stones. +It is said to be populated by Ham's grandson and a son of Joktan, both of whom are named Havilah. + += = = Peleg = = = +Peleg, according to the Bible, was one of Eber's sons and an ancestor of Abraham, the Israelites, and Jesus, through his son Reu. His name means "divide". He had one brother, Joktan. + += = = Reu = = = +According to the Bible, Reu was the son of Peleg and the father of Serug. He died at the age of 239. + += = = Serug = = = +According to the Bible, Serug was the son of Reu and the father of Nahor. He died at the age of 230. + += = = Nahor (son of Serug) = = = +According to the Bible, Nahor was the son of Serug and the father of Terah, Abraham's father. He died at the age of 148. + += = = Terah = = = +According to the Bible, Terah was the son of Nahor and the father of Abraham, Nahor II, and Haran. He died at the age of 205 in the city of Haran. He and his children were from the Sumerian city of Ur. + += = = Ashkenaz = = = +According to the Bible, Ashkenaz was the grandson of Japhet, Noah's oldest son. +He was first thought to have been the ancestor of the Scythians, but later Jews thought he was the ancestor of the peoples of Western Europe, especially Germany. So the Jews who settled in Western Europe took on the name Ashkenazi Jews after him. + += = = The Skin I Live In = = = +The Skin I Live In () is a 2011 Spanish American science fiction thriller movie directed by Pedro Almodóvar and was based on the novel "Tarantula" by Thierry Jonquet. It stars Antonio Banderas, Elena Anaya, Marisa Paredes, Jan Cornet, Roberto Álamo, Blanca Suárez. + += = = Hermann Stessl = = = +Hermann Stessl (born 3 September 1940, in Graz) is a former football player and coach from Austria. +Career. +Stessl played for Grazer AK. He started his career in 1957. In 1969 he went to FC Dornbirn. He played for one season and ended his career in 1970. +Coaching career. +He started as youth coach of SV Leibnitz and playing coach of SV Wolfsberg. Later he coached FC Zürich Grazer AK, FK Austria Wien, AEK Athens, FC Porto, SV Austria Salzburg and Boavista F.C.. +His most sucessful time was with FK Austria Wien. He won four Austrian football championships. He also reached the Cup Winners' final of the uropean Cup Winners' Cup 1977-78, losing 4–0 to Belgium's R.S.C. Anderlecht. In 1996 he ended his coaching career. + += = = SC Eisenstadt = = = +SC Eisenstadt was an Austrian association football club from Eisenstadt. It was founded in 1907 and played in the Austrian Football Bundesliga 13 seasons. They last played in the Bundesliga in the 1986-1987 season. It was dissolved in 2008 for financial reasons. In 2018 SC Eisenstadt was newly founded and started in the lowest league (2. Klasse Nord) in Burgenland. + += = = Kao (bull) = = = +Kao (/káo/) is a legendary bull captured by Khuman Khamba in Meitei mythology and folklore of Ancient Moirang. It appears in the legend of "Kao Phaba" (), also known as "Khambana Kao Phaba" () of the Khamba Thoibi epic. +Etymology. +In Meitei (Manipuri), the word "Kao" has many meanings. It may mean (1) to forget, (2) a sacrifice bull or (3) to kick. Here, it means bull. As a noun, it means a stray bull that roams freely instead of living on a ranch or farm. In verbal form, it means to offer a bull as a living sacrifice to God. People also say "Kaoren" or "Kaorel" to talk about the bull. "Kaoren" is made up of two parts, "Kao" and "-ren". "-ren" refers to excellence. So, "Kaoren" or "Kaorel" means "an extraordinary bull", "a powerful bull", "a super bull" or "a supernatural bull". +Mythology. +The false oracle. +Once Angom Nongban Kongyamba met fisher women from the Khuman kingdom in a place called Moirang. Both the Khuman kingdom and the Moirang kingdom were on the shores of the Loktak lake. +The women came to Moirang besides having their own fishing area. So, Kongyamba asked them the reason for coming to Moirang. +The women said that a dangerous bull had killed many people near the water, so they could not fish: +<poem>"There is a great bull that lurks among the reeds of the shores of the lake, and it had claimed life of many. So, we dare not to fish there."</poem> +Suddenly, an idea came to Kongyamba's mind. He went to the king. He acted as a person possessed by a divine spirit. Kongyamba told the King, +<poem>"God Thangjing had spoken in my ears and I have his behest upon me. Verily said the God, I am sated with offerings of flesh and fish, but this year, my heart longs for the sweet savour of the flesh of the mighty bull that lurks in the reeds that border the water of the lake. My servant Khamba vows that he will bring it for my honor and for the welfare of the State."</poem> +The king called and asked Khamba about his promise. Khamba denied it. There resulted a great conflict between Khamba and Kongyamba. Later, Khamba told the king he would catch the bull if it was the God’s will. +The king was happy with Khamba. So, he promised him he could marry Princess Thoibi if he did catch the bull. Minister Thonglen put seven marks on the lintel post of the capital city. It was the record of the King's promise. +Embassy to Khuman kingdom. +The king of Moirang sent an embassy to the king of Khuman. The embassy proposed to organize the great sport of capturing the wild bull. The Khuman king agreed. A grand Colosseum was built for the event. The Colosseum could hold a capacity of the audiences from both the two kingdoms. +Capture by Khamba. +Khamnu revealed a secret to Khamba. She said that the bull had once belonged to their father. She told him that if Khamba told the bull their father's name, it would be tame and gentle: +<poem>"This great bull was once the Lord of your father's herd. Go to him, speak your father's name in his ear, and show him this Rope of silk."</poem> +On the day of the adventure, Khamba stood face to face with the bull. The bull ran towards him with its dangerous horns. Khamba bent a little to the side. The people watching asked him if he was afraid. Khamba answered that he was waiting for a good position. Then, he stood on firm ground and caught the bull. The strong bull carried him away into the thick woods. +Khamba did everything as his sister had told him to do. Immediately, the wild bull became tame and gentle. Khamba brought the bull back. +On the way back, Kongyamba came to him before anyone saw them. Kongyamba pretended to help Khamba to hold the bull. Kongyamba held the rope. When everyone saw, Kongyamba claimed that he had captured the bull. He added that he even rescued Khamba who had fallen into the ditch. Once again, there was a great conflict between Khamba and Kongyamba over the claim. The two kings could not find out who was right. So, Kongyamba was asked to fight the bull within an enclosure. But Kongyamba was afraid of the bull. He climbed up on the heights to save himself. Khamba faced the bull bravely. He once again captured the bull. +In popular culture. +In popular culture, Kao appears in arts, books, movies, theatres and many others. +Painting. +Khambana Kao Phaba. +In 2001, Khambana Kao Phaba (painting) was kept in the permanent collection of the Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya (IGRMS) Museum, Bhopal, India. +In July 2019, the painting was selected as the "Exhibit of the Month" in the same museum. +Theatre. +Kao, the sacred bull. +In 2011, "Kao, the sacred bull" was produced by the Laihui Ensemble. This theatrical show was based on the story of the bull Kao. According to the story, an Oracle said that the King of Moirang will soon die and his people will lead miserable life. The only solution told was to offer the powerful bull roaming in the Khuman kingdom to God Thangjing. Orphan Khuman Khamba was chosen to capture the bull. He was known for his bravery and goodness. To capture the bull with no harm to it was not easy. Khamba's motherly sister Khamnu disclosed to him the secrecy of the bull. The bull was once domesticated and treated as a family member during the good days of their parents. +Kao Faba. +In 2020, a named "Kao Faba" was produced by Western Cultural Association in Manipur. It was sponsored by the Sangeet Natak Akedemi of New Delhi, India. The play was released in the Iboyaima Shumang Leela Shanglen, Palace Compound, Imphal. +The play is based on the legend of capturing the bull in Ancient Moirang. + += = = Hauman = = = +Hauman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: + += = = Jan Dismas Zelenka = = = +Jan Dismas Zelenka (16 October 1679 – 23 December 1745) was a Bohemian baroque composer. +Life. +Zelenka was born in Louňovice pod Blaníkem, Bohemia. It is a small market town southeast of Prague. He was baptized as Jan Lukas Zelenka. His first music teacher was likely his father, Jiři. His father was an organist and organist in Louňovice. He received more musical training at the Jesuit college Clementinum in Prague. He learned to play the violone (a kind of contrabass in the Baroque period). +Education. +In 1709, he studied with Johann Hubert Hartig in Prague. Zelenka had access to a lot of Italian baroque music through his teacher's library. +Move to Dresden. +Zelenka moved to Dresden in 1710 or 1711. He became the violone player in the Dresden court orchestra. He received a salary of 300 thalers when he started working in Dresden. He must have been a very impressive musician. His salary was increased to 400 thalers in 1714. He wrote his Mass, the "Missa Sanctae Caeciliae" (St. Cecilia Mass) in 1711. +Visit to Vienna. +In 1716, Zelenka visited Vienna to study with Johann Joseph Fux. Fux was the Imperial in Vienna. That means Fux was in charget of the music for the Holy Roman Emperor. It is unclear if he also visited Venice during this time. +Return to Dresden. +Zelenka returned to Dresden in 1719. He visited Prague from 1722 - 23. He wrote some of his instrumental works while in Prague. +The "Kapellmeister" in Dresden at that time was Johann David Heinichen. Because Heinichen was often ill, Zelenka managed the sacred music in Dresden. When Heinichen died in 1729, Zelenka became an acting "Kapellmeister". He finally became a "Kapellmeister" in 1734. In 1726, Zelenka started a list of works composed by the composers in Dresden. This list is called the "Inventarium". It is an important document for Dresden baroque music. +In the 1730s, a group of Italian-trained singers arrived at Dresden. They were prepared to resurrect opera in Dresden. Zelenka's job was to train these singers. He wrote some arias for the singers to practice. After August II, Zelenka's employer died, Zelenka asked the new King August III for the title of "Kapellmeister". This title was granted to Zelenka on 1734. Johann Sebastian Bach also received the title of "Royal Polish Composer" in 1736. +Death. +On 23 December 1745, Zelenka died of dropsy. Because he was a Catholic, he was allowed to be buried in the Catholic cemetery. According to the records in Dresden, Zelenka never married. He lived alone. His music became valuable after he died. Georg Philipp Telemann tried to publish Zelenka's works. He was not successful. The manuscripts of Zelenka's music remained locked in Dresden. There are no known paintings of Zelenka. +Music. +Zelenka's musical style is very unique. He used unexpected harmonies and rhythms. His musical writing shows that he mastered counterpoint. Zelenka may have used elements from Bohemian folk music in his music. He was respected by Bach. Bach performed some of Zelenka's music in Leipzig, where Bach worked. + += = = Mickey Guyton = = = +Mickey Guyton (born Candace Mycale Guyton; June 17, 1983) is an American country music singer and songwriter + += = = Franz Benda = = = +Franz Benda (; baptised 22 November 1709 – 7 March 1786) was a Bohemian violinist and composer. He worked for Frederick the Great. +Life. +Early Life. +Benda was born in Benátky nad Jizerou, Bohemia. His parents were Jan Jiří Benda and Dorothea Benda. Jan Jiří was a weaver and an amateur musician. Dorothea Benda (née Brixi) was the daughter of a musician. He had four brothers, Johann Benda, Joseph Benda, Viktor Benda, and Georg Benda. Franz was the oldest surviving son. Three of his brothers became musicians. Viktor did not become a musician. +Benda received musical training from his father. He became a choir singer in Prague. In 1719 he ran away to Dresden. He sang in the royal chapel of Dresden. He also studied playing the violin and the viola in Dresden. He returned home in 1723. He joined the choir of the Clementinum in Prague. When his voice broke, he focused on practicing the violin. He studied the concertos of Antonio Vivaldi. +Career. +In 1727, Benda was employed as a musician for Count von Ostein in Vienna. He ran away to Warsaw with his musician friends. He did not want to join the military. He stayed in Warsaw for two years. In Warsaw, he secretly changed his religion. He became a Protestant. In 1733 Benda returned to Dresden. While visiting Ruppin, he met Crown Prince Frederick. Frederick hired Benda as a violinist. In Potsdam he studied with Johann Gottlieb Graun and Carl Heinrich Graun. +King Frederick allowed Benda's family to move to Potsdam. His family were converted to Protestantism. +Benda wrote an autobiography of his life in 1763. Benda died on 17 March 1786 in Nowawes, near Potsdam. +Music. +Benda wrote concertos, sinfonias, sonatas, and many chamber works. + += = = Isaiah of Salona = = = +Bishop Salonon Isaiah (1780 - 23 April 1821) was a Greek cleric. He was the first bishop who died during the Greek Revolution in 1821. +Legacy. +Statues were built in remembrance of Despotis Salonon Isaiah. Memorials were built over the former home of Isaiah, in Desfina. The opening of a museum was a Sunday on the 28th of July in 2013, featuring historical writings and paintings of that time, also showcasing documentaries of Isaiae. + += = = Welsh Labour Party = = = +Welsh Labour () is the branch of the United Kingdom Labour Party in Wales. + += = = Madhubani art = = = +Madhubani Art is a style of painting, practiced in the Mithila region of India and Nepal. It was named after Madhubani District of Bihar, which is where it originated. It is done with many tools like fingers, twigs, brushes, nib-pens, and matchsticks and using natural dyes and colours. What separates Madhubani art from other forms of art are its geometrical patterns. This art has 5 distinctive styles. These are: +Origin. +It was created by the women of many communities in the Mithila region of India. It originated from the Madhubani district of the Mithila region of Bihar. Madhubani is a big export centre of these paintings. This painting as a form of wall art was practised a lot throughout the region. Doing the painting on paper originated in the villages around Madhubani much later. It was introduced by a woman named Bhuvi. +Changes. +The paintings were traditionally done on mud walls and floors of huts, but now they are also done on cloth, handmade paper and canvas. People made a paste out of powdered rice and used it in the paintings. Madhubani painting has remained in India and Nepal and has been passed down for centuries, although the style has remained the same. Madhubani paintings are done 2 dimensional, and the colours and dyes come from plants. +Most madhubani paintings depict people and their association with nature. +Scenes from weddings and events and natural things such as the Sun, leaves, flowers and animals are also painted a lot. +In these paintings, blank space is filled with flowers, animals, leaves, geometric patterns etc. + += = = Bokermannohyla sazimai = = = +The Zagaia tree frog ("Bokermannohyla sazimai") is a frog that lives in Brazil. It lives in streams. + += = = Snickerdoodle = = = +A snickerdoodle is a type of cookie made with flour, butter or oil, sugar, salt, and rolled in cinnamon sugar. Eggs are sometimes used, with cream of tartar and baking soda added to leaven the dough. They are characterized by a cracked surface, and can be crispy or soft. +Snickerdoodles are sometimes called "sugar cookies". But, sugar cookies are rolled in white sugar while snickerdoodles are rolled in a mixture of white sugar and cinnamon. + += = = Docosane = = = +Docosane is a Hydrocarbon of chemical formula C22H46 + += = = Khambana Kao Phaba (painting) = = = +The Khambana Kao Phaba () is an oil canvas painting by Manipuri artist M Betombi Singh. The painting shows the capture of powerful Kao bull by hero Khamba. It is one of the most well known museum series "Exhibit of the Month" of the "Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya" (IGRMS) in India. It was exhibited for a whole month of July, 2019. +Title and Subject. +The painting shows an epic legend of Ancient Moirang Kingdom. Angom Nongban Kongyamba, the villain, was jealous of Khuman Khamba, the hero. So, he set a death-trap of Khamba. The hero was asked to capture the giant bull. But Kongyamba's dream of Khamba being killed by the bull was not fulfilled. +Khamba knew the secrecy of the bull. The bull was once the head of Khamba's father's cattle herd. During the capture, Khamba whispered his father's name to the bull's ear. He +also showed a silk rope to the bull. The bull recognised Khamba. So, the wild beast was tamed. +History. +The artwork was painted by late artist M Betombi Singh in the Sana Konung Palace in Imphal, Manipur. The artist was 93 years old when he completed the artwork. In 2001, the painting was registered into the permanent collection of the Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya (IGRMS) Museum. After that, the artwork was visited by many well known people including RK Chaturvedi, AS&FA, Union Ministry of Culture of India. The painting was kept in Veeth Sankul indoor exhibitions and library of the museum. +Exhibition. +In July of 2019, the painting was introduced as the "Exhibit of the Month" of the Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya (IGRMS) by RK Chaturvedi, AS&FA, Union Ministry of Culture of India. The exhibition was curated by Nongmaithem Sakamacha. Sakamacha was the Museum Associate of Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya (IGRMS), Bhopal, India. + += = = Sülze (Bergen) = = = +Sülze is a village in the local borough of Bergen in the northern part of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath in North Germany. +Geography. +Sülze is on the edge of the Südheide Nature Park about north of Celle on state road ("Landesstraße") L 240 which runs from Celle to Hermannsburg. Sülze is responsible for the neighbouring hamlets of Waldhof and Twießelhop. + += = = Saba Azad = = = +Saba Azad is an Indian actress, singer and musician . She is one of the two members of the Mumbai-based electronic fan group Madboy / Mink. Saba is best known for playing the lead role in the 2011 romantic comedy "Mujhse Fraaandship Karoge" . The movie was very well liked by college students across the country. She played the role of Dingo in Y-Films' web series, "Ladies Room", in 2016. She made her Bollywood debut in 2006 with the lead role of Raga in the movie "Dil Kabaddi" . She has acted as a model in advertisements for companies such as Cadbury, Ponds,Tata Sky, Google, KitKat, Vodafone and Nescafe. +Early life. +Azad is the niece of Safdar Hashmi, a great actor of stage drama. She has performed with Hashmi's Natyadal "Jan Natya Mancha" from a very young age. She has worked with actors like Habib Tanvir, MK Raina, GP Deshpande and NK Sharma. She has trained in Orissa, ballet, jazz, Latin as well as contemporary dance. Along with her Orissa dance teacher Kiran Segal, she has danced in India and abroad in England. +Afternoon finishing school, she entered the movie world starring in a short movie, "Guroor". It was directed by Ishan Nair. The movie was screened at festivals in New York and Florence . Since then she has acted in several short movies. +Career. +Azad made her Bollywood debut in 2006 starring Anil Sr. in the independent Hindi movie "Dil Kabaddi". In that movie, she acted opposite Rahul Basu . She then played the lead role in Y-Films " Mujhse Fraaandship Karoge", where she played the role of Preeti Sen opposite newcomers Nishant Dahiya and Shakib Selim . +Personal life. +On March 1, 2013, Imam Shah announced that he and Azad had entered into a "live-in" relationship. + += = = Dohnsen = = = +Dohnsen is a village administered by the Lower Saxon town of Bergen in northern Celle on the Lüneburg Heath in North Germany. It is east of Bergen. + += = = Wardböhmen = = = +Wardböhmen is a village administered by the Lower Saxon town of Bergen in the northern part of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath in North Germany. It is about north of Bergen on the B 3 federal road. + += = = Peter Stöger = = = +Peter Stöger ( born 11 April 1966) is an Austrian football coach and a former player. +Club career. +Stöger started his career at Favoritner AC Wien. Then he played six years for FK Austria Wien from 1988 to 1994. After a year at FC Tirol Innsbruck, he went to SK Rapid Wien in 1995. He also played in the 1996 UEFA Cup Winners Cup Final against Paris St Germain in Brussels. He then returned to Austria after a year at LASK Linz and finished his career at 38 years with SC Untersiebenbrunn. +International career. +He made his debut for Austria in February 1988 against Switzerland, missed the 1990 FIFA World Cup, but was a member of Austrias team at the 1998 FIFA World Cup. He played 65 matches and scored 15 goals. His last international was in March 1999 versus Switzerland. +Managerial career. +Austria. +Stöger became coach of coach of Austria Wien on 6 May 2005 together with Frank Schinkels till the end of the season. Stöger continued in the position until December 2005. In December he became sporting director. The following season did not start well and he was sacked in both positions. Stöger moved for 3 years to First Vienna FC, then Grazer AK and SC Wiener Neustadt. Then Stöger returned to Austria Wien on 30 May 2012, and won the Austrian championship with a record number of points. +1. FC Köln. +Stöger and his co-trainer Manfred Schmid were bought out of their contracts and went to 1. FC Köln. In January 2016, Stöger, along with his co-trainer Manfred Schmid extended the contracts to 2020, In the season 2016/17 Köln reached international football for the first time after 25 years. Cologne finished 5th and qualified for the Europa League. In the 2017/18 seasonKöln reached only only three points from the opening 14 matches. Schmidt and Stöger were sacked on 3 December 2017. +Borussia Dortmund. +On 10 December 2017 Stöger signed to coach Borussia Dortmund until end of the season. Stöger stabilized the team and BVB finished fourth after eight place when Stöger signed. They qualified for the UEFA Champions League on the final matchday. He left Dortmund on 12 May 2018. +Return to Austria Wien. +On August, 1st 2019 he went back to Austria Wien and became sports director.On 31 July 2020 he returned as head coach of Austria Wien. +Move to Ferencváros. +On 5 June 2021 Stöger went to the Hungarian team Ferencváros. The team reached the group stage of the UEFA Europa League. Ferencváros lost five of the six group stage games and finishing last in their group. After a away loss in the league to Debrecen, he was sacked on 13 December 2021. + += = = Puente de la Mujer = = = +Puente de la Mujer (Spanish for "Woman's Bridge"), is a rotating footbridge for Dock 3 of the Puerto Madero commercial district of Buenos Aires, Argentina. + += = = Andrey Lopatov = = = +Andrey Vyacheslavovich Lopatov (; 12 March 1957 – February 2022) was a Russian basketball player. He competed for the Soviet Union in the 1980 Summer Olympics. He won a bronze medal. Lopatov was born in Inta, Komi ASSR, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union. +Lopatov died in February 2022, at the age of 64. + += = = Alfred Sole = = = +Alfred Sole (July 2, 1943 – February 15, 2022) was an American production designer, movie director, producer, and writer. He was best known for directing movies such as "Alice, Sweet Alice" (1976) and "Pandemonium" (1982). He worked as a production designer on "Veronica Mars" (2004–2007) and "Castle" (2009–2016). Sole was born in Paterson, New Jersey. +Sole died on February 15, 2022 at the age of 78. + += = = Tayanç Ayaydın = = = +Tayanç Ayaydın is a Turkish actor. +Life and career. +Ayaydın was born in 1979 in Istanbul, Turkey. He went to the Private Doğa College's primary school. He went to high school at Tercüman High School and İstek Foundation High School. He then went graduated from Mimar Sinan University. He got a degree in theatre studies. His first big acting job was in the show TV series "Aliye". In that show, he played as Doctor Kahraman. He won an award for the Best Actor in the Locarno Film Festival. In 2016, he was a part in the Kanal D series "Hayat Şarkısı", playing the character of Hüseyin Cevher. The next year he joined the cast of teen drama "Kırgın Çiçekler". + += = = Miles Morales = = = +Miles Gonzalo Morales () is a fictional comic book superhero appearing in publications by Marvel Comics. He is one of the characters known as Spider-Man. The character first appeared in "Ultimate Fallout". Morales appears in the 2018 animated movie ' where he was voiced by Shameik Moore, and its 2023 sequel '. +He is of African American and Puerto Rican ancestry. He lives with his parents, and his uncle, Aaron Davis, is the villain known as Prowler. + += = = Pyromania (album) = = = +Pyromania is an album written by Def Leppard. It was released on January 20, 1983. This album was the first album to include Phil Collen. He replaced Pete Willis. The album was No. 4 on the Canadian RPM Album chart and No. 18 on the UK Albums Chart. Selling over ten million copies in the US, it has been certified diamond by the RIAA. + += = = Manuel II of Portugal = = = +"Dom" Manuel II (15 November 1889 – 2 July 1932), was the last King of Portugal. He became the King after the assassination of his father Carlos I and his elder brother Luís Filipe. His reign ended during the 5 October 1910 revolution. Manuel lived the rest of his life in exile in Twickenham, Middlesex, England. + += = = Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya = = = +Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya (IGRMS) or National Museum of Humankind or Museum of Man is an anthropology museum located in Bhopal, India. +Collections. +Things that are in the permanent collection: Khambana Kao Phaba (painting). + += = = Langerhans cell = = = +Langerhans cells (LC) are tissue-resident macrophages of the skin. + += = = Ali Abdel Raziq = = = +Ali Abdel Raziq (; from 1888 to 1966) was an Egyptian scholar of islam, whose career is judge and government minister. + += = = Germany at the Winter Olympics = = = +Athletes from Germany have appeared in only 20 of the 22 editions of the Winter Olympic Games (they did not attend the 1924 and 1948 Winter Olympics). Germany hosted the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen and had been selected to host in 1940 again. +Including the winter Games of 2014, German athletes have won 377 medals; 136 gold, 135 silver and 106 bronze. + += = = Cinnamoroll = = = + is a franchise created by Sanrio in 2001. The character is from Miyiki okumara. The main character, Cinnamoroll is a young male white puppy with long ears, blue eyes, pink cheeks, a small plump body, and a tail that resembles a cinnamon roll. He starred his own manga, an anime movie and various short animations. + += = = Slushy = = = +A slushy (also spelt slushie and less commonly slushee) is a type of beverage made of flavored ice and drink, commonly soda, similar to granitas but with more liquids. + += = = Granita = = = +Granita also known as granita siciliana is a semi-frozen dessert made from sugar, water and various flavorings. Originally from sicily, it is available throughout italy in various forms. it is related to sorbet and Italian ice; however, in most of sicily, it has a smoother, and more crystalline texture. + += = = Italian ice = = = +Italian ice is a frozen or semi-frozen sweetened dessert. It is made with fruit or other natural or artificial food flavorings. Italian ice is similar to sorbet and snow cones, but differs from American-style sorbet in that does not contain dairy or egg ingredients. it was introduced to united states and is derived from the sicilian granita, a familiar and related Italian dessert +common flavors include lemon, cherry and other fruits. + += = = Caltrain = = = +Caltrain is a California commuter rail line. It serves the San Francisco Peninsula and Santa Clara Valley (Silicon Valley). The southern end of the line is in San Jose at Tamien station. Caltrain has 28 regular stops. + += = = Ice cream cake = = = +An ice cream cake is a cake with ice cream as the filling. It can also be made by putting different flavors of ice cream on top of each other in a loaf pan. +Ice cream cake is a food popular at parties. They can be seen at birthday parties and weddings. It is more common in North America and Australia, but not seen very often in Europe. In the United Kingdom, there are ice cream swiss roll cakes. These are called "Arctic rolls". +History. +Ice cream cake were first made from biscuits and cream. Victorian era desserts called "Bombe glacée" (or "bombes") were made of ice cream and fruit. They were made into colorful and decorative shapes. Sometimes they were put beside cakes or biscuits. Ice cream cake recipes from the 1870s have also been found. +U.S. market. +Ice cream cakes are popular in the United States. Baskin-Robbins, Dairy Queen, Cold Stone Creamery and other retailers also sell ice cream cakes. +They are also a popular dessert for Fourth of July celebrations; cakes prepared for this day are often decorated with patriotic motifs, and garnished with whipped cream, red berries and blueberries. Other versions are elaborate flag cakes made with alternating layers of ice cream and sorbet. + += = = Yahgan people = = = +The Yahgan (also called Yagán, Yaghan, Yámana, Yamana or Tequenica) are a group of indigenous peoples in the Southern Cone. Their traditional territory includes the islands south of Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego. They are the world's southernmost human population. + += = = Cristina Calderón = = = +Cristina Calderón (May 24, 1928 – February 16, 2022) was a Chilean writer. She was born in Puerto Williams, Navarino Island. She was the last living full-blooded Yaghan person after the death of her 84 year-old sister Úrsula in 2005. She was also the last native speaker of the Yaghan language. +Calderón was honored as the "Illustrious Daughter of the Magallanes Region and Chilean Antarctica". She was also recognized by the National Council of Culture and the Arts as a "Living Human Treasure" by UNESCO in 2003. +Calderón died on February 16, 2022 in Punta Arenas, Chile from COVID-19 at the age of 93. + += = = Point Arena, California = = = +Point Arena, formerly known as Punta Arena (Spanish for "Point Sand") is a small coastal city in Mendocino County, California, United States. Point Arena is located west of Hopland. The population was 460 at the 2020 census. + += = = Willits, California = = = +Willits (formerly Little Lake and Willitsville) is a city in Mendocino County, California, United States. Willits is north-northwest of Ukiah, at an elevation of . The population was 4,988 at the 2020 census. + += = = Hopland, California = = = +Hopland (formerly Sanel) is a census-designated place in Mendocino County, California. It is south-southeast of Ukiah, in the Sanel Valley. The population was 661 at the 2020 census. + += = = Jack Smethurst = = = +Jack Smethurst (9 April 1932 – 16 February 2022) was an English actor and comedian. He was best known for his role as Eddie Booth in "Love Thy Neighbour". Smethurst was born in Collyhurst, Manchester, England. His career began in the 1950s. His son is actor Adam Smethurst. +Smethurst died on February 16, 2022 at the age of 89. + += = = Vasilis Botinos = = = +Vasilis Botinos (; 19 October 1944 – 16 February 2022) was a Greek footballer. He played for Olympiacos. +Botinos made twelve appearances and scored three goals for the Greece national football team from 1967 to 1969. +Botinos died on 16 February 2022 from COVID-19 in Athens, Greece at the age of 77. + += = = Walter E. Dellinger III = = = +Walter Estes Dellinger III (May 15, 1941 – February 16, 2022) was an American attorney, legal scholar and Democratic politician. He was the Douglas B. Maggs Professor of Law at Duke University School of Law. He was Acting United States Solicitor General from 1996 until 1997 during the Bill Clinton administration. He also was United States Assistant Attorney General for Legal Counsel from 1993 until 1996. Dellinger III was born in Charlotte, North Carolina. +Dellinger III died on February 16, 2022 in Durham, North Carolina at the age of 80. + += = = Emergencies Act = = = +The Emergencies Act () is a law passed by the Parliament of Canada in 1988. It allows the federal government to use extreme short-time actions to respond to public welfare emergencies, public order emergencies, international emergencies and war emergencies. The law repeals the "War Measures Act" passed in 1914. +The "Emergencies Act" has been used only once since it was passed in 1988, in response to the Canadian convoy protests in 2022. +Six of the 10 provincial premiers urged Trudeau not to implement "the Emergencies Act". But on Monday, February 14, 2022, Trudeau declared a state of emergency in Canada anyway. +The "Emergencies Act" is effective immediately, but must be tabled in Parliament within 7, and will be in place for 30 days. +On Monday (21.02.2022), the "Emergencies Act" passed a vital vote in the House of Commons thanks to the support of Jagmeet Singh/NDP (185 voted in favour, 151 against). + += = = Commuter rail = = = +Commuter rail or suburban rail, is a passenger rail transport service that primarily operates within a metropolitan area connecting commuters to the central city from suburbs or commuter towns. + += = = San Francisco Peninsula = = = +The San Francisco Peninsula is a peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area that separates San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. On its northern tip is the City and County of San Francisco. Its southern base is in northern Santa Clara County, including the cities of Sunnyvale, Palo Alto, Mountain View, and Los Altos. Most of the Peninsula is occupied by San Mateo County, between San Francisco and Santa Clara counties, and including the cities and towns of Atherton, Belmont, Brisbane, Burlingame, Colma, Daly City, East Palo Alto, El Granada, Foster City, Hillsborough, Half Moon Bay, La Honda, Loma Mar, Los Altos, Menlo Park, Millbrae, Mountain View, Pacifica, Palo Alto, Pescadero, Portola Valley, Redwood City, San Bruno, San Carlos, San Mateo, South San Francisco, Sunnyvale, and Woodside. + += = = College Park, San Jose = = = +College Park is a historic neighborhood of Central San Jose, California, located within the greater district of The Alameda. + += = = Colossally abundant number = = = +In math, a colossally abundant number (also written as CA) is a type of natural number that has to follow a special set of rules. CAs usually have a lot of divisors. To figure out whether or not a number is a CA, however, it has to follow an equation. For a number to be colossally abundant, � has to be greater than 0. "k" a number greater than 1 and � is the sum of every divisor that the number has. +All colossally abundant numbers are also superabundant numbers, but not all superabundant numbers are colossal. +The first 15 colossally abundant numbers are 2, 6, 12, 60, 120, 360, 2520, 5040, 55440, 720720, 1441440, 4324320, 21621600, 367567200, 6983776800 . These are also the first 15 superior highly composite numbers. +History. +Colossally abundant numbers were first learned about by Ramanujan. They were written about in his paper about highly composite numbersin 1915. +In 1944, Leonidas Alaoglu and Paul Erdős expanded on what Ramanujan's wrote about and learned more about it. +Similarities with the Riemann hypothesis. +In the 1980s, Guy Robin showed that the Riemann hypothesis is the same for whenever "n" is greater than 5040(� is the Euler–Mascheroni constant). +This doesn't work for 27 different numbers : +Robin showed that if the Riemann hypothesis is true then "n" = 5040 is the last integer that doesn't work in this equation. This inequality is also known as Robin's inequality. +From 2001–2002 Lagarias showed that Robin's inequality can be written another way. This inequality uses the harmonic numbers instead of logarithms and works for any CA that is bigger than 60. +The next inequality works for when "n" is equal to 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 24 or 60. + += = = Aishwarya Sen = = = +Aishwarya Sen is an Indian actress. She acted in Bengali television. She played supporting roles in Punyi Pukur and Ichche Nadi. She is best known for her portrayal of Shubh Drishti opposite Gaurab Roy Chowdhury. Most recently, she portrayed a parallel protagonist in Kora Pakhi. +Family. +She was born into an upper-middle-class family. She has a total of 5 members in her family. She has one elder brother and one younger sister. Her mother was a house-builder. She got the characteristics of her mother. +Education. +She completed high school and bachelor's degree in Kolkata. Unlike others, she started to be a model. She also auditioned for web series and TV series across the city. This is how she entered the world of acting. +Occupation. +She started her career by starring in the popular Star Jalsa show Punyi Pukur opposite Sourav Das. She then starred in a parallel lead role in the popular Star Jalsa show Ichche Nadi. She became very famous by playing that character. Later, she played the lead role in Patal Kumar Gaanwala of Star Jalsa. + += = = Leonardo Vinci = = = +Leonardo Vinci was an Italian composer known for his operas. He was part of the Neapolitan School of opera. His influence on composers such as Johann Adolph Hasse and Giovanni Battista Pergolesi was considerable. + += = = Emmer-Compascuum = = = +Emmer-Compascuum is a village in the Netherlands and it is part of the Emmen municipality in Drenthe. +Emmer-Compascuum has an elevation of 12 meters (42 feet) and a population of about 8,000. + += = = British rule in Burma = = = +British rule in Burma lasted from 1824 to 1948. This started from the successive three Anglo-Burmese wars through the creation of "Burma" as a province of British India to the establishment of an independently administered colony. The rule finally ended with independence. The region under British control was known as British Burma. + += = = Flag of the Cayman Islands = = = +The flag of the Cayman Islands consists of a Blue Ensign defaced with the British overseas territory's coat of arms. Adopted in 1959 to supplement the Union Jack and to replace the flag of the Colony of Jamaica, it has been the flag of the Cayman Islands since the territory was granted self-government that year. + += = = British Cyprus = = = +British Cyprus (Cyprus and Northern Cyprus) was a crown colony of the United Kingdom. + += = = Fast Company (1929 movie) = = = +Fast Company is a 1929 American sports comedy movie directed by A. Edward Sutherland and was based on the play "Elmer the Great" by George M. Cohan and Ring Lardner. It stars Evelyn Brent, Jack Oakie, Richard "Skeets" Gallagher, Sam Hardy, Gwen Lee, Arthur Housman and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Blue Ensign = = = +The Blue Ensign is a flag, one of several British ensigns, used by certain organizations territories associated or formerly associated with the United kingdom, it is used either plain or defaced with a badge or other emblem. +The Acts of Union 1707 united England and Wales with Scotland in the Kingdom of Great Britain, in the result of producing a new Blue Ensign with the new Union Flag in the canton. With the Act of Union 1800, Ireland became a part of the new United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and St Patrick's Cross was incorporated into the Union Flag and, accordingly, into the cantons of all British ensigns from 1 January 1801. + += = = Defacement (flag) = = = +The flag of New Zealand, a defaced British Blue Ensign. In vexillology, defacement is the addition of a symbol or charge to a flag. For example, the New Zealand flag is the British Blue Ensign defaced with a Southern Cross in the fly. + += = = Mecklenburg-Schwerin = = = +The Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin was a duchy in northern Germany created in 1701. It ended in 1815 during the Napoleonic Wars . + += = = Bolikhamxai province = = = +Bolikhamsai (also Borikhamxay, Lao: ���������) is a province of Laos. + += = = Well, Just You Wait! = = = +Well, Just You Wait![1] (Russian: ��, ������!, romanized: Nu, pogodi!) is a Soviet, later Russian, animated series produced by Soyuzmultfilm. In the 2014 all-Russian poll, Well, Just You Wait! won by a wide margin as people's favorite cartoon/animated series of all time.[2] The most recent episode was produced in 2006. + += = = List of rockets of the United States = = = +This is a list of rockets launched by the United States. + += = = Christoph Graupner = = = +Christoph Graupner (13 January 1683 – 10 May 1760) was a German composer and harpsichordist. +Life. +Early life. +Graupner was born in Hartmannsdorf near Kirchberg in Saxony. He studied music with Nicolaus Kuester, an organist. Graupner went to Reichenbach with Kuester. He stayed there until he was accepted at the Thomasschule in Leipzig. Johann Schelle and Johann Kuhnau were his music teachers in Leipzig. Graupner also studied law while in Leipzig. At that time, many composers studied law and music. +Career. +In 1706, Graupner moved to Hamburg. He became the harpischordist of the Hamburg Opera. Graupner wrote some of his operas in Hamburg. He remained in Hamburg for three years. In 1709, Ernst Ludwig, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt offered Graupner a position as vice "Kapellmeister" at the court of Darmstadt. A "Kapellmeister" is a person who manages the music for a nobleman. Graupner married in 1711. He had six sons and a daughter. +Graupner composed a lot of cantatas in Darmstadt. In 1722 he was chosen to become the "Kantor" of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. A "Kantor" is a musician who manages the music in a church. However, Graupner decided to remain in Darmstadt. That is because his employer increased his salary. Instead, Johann Sebastian Bach became the next "Kantor" of the Thomaskirche. +Graupner continued to compose in Darmstadt. Johann Friedrich Fasch was his student. He went blind in 1754. He died in Darmstadt in 1760. +Music. +Graupner wrote a lot of music. He wrote 13 sinfonias, 85 ouvertures, 44 concertos, 8 operas, 1,418 religious and 24 secular cantatas, 66 sonatas and 57 harpsichord partitas. Almost all of Graupner's music is kept in the ULB (Technical University Library) in Darmstadt, Germany. + += = = Water clock = = = +A water clock was a tool for measuring time by the flow of liquid into or out of a vessel. Water clocks are one of the oldest time-measuring tools. The bowl-shaped outflow is the simplest form of a water clock and is known to have existed in Babylon, Egypt, and Persia around the 16th century BC. Other regions of the world, including India and China, also have early evidence of water clocks. +Designs. +A water clock uses the flow of water to measure time. There are two types of water clocks: inflow and outflow. In an outflow water clock, a container is filled with water, and the water is drained slowly out of the container. An inflow water clock works in basically the same way, except instead of flowing out of the container, the water is filling up the marked container. As the container fills, the observer can see where the water meets the lines and tell how much time has passed. +Regional development. +Persia. +The simplest and more useable clock was a Persian water clock used by manager of the qanat . The use of water clocks in Persia or Greater Iran ,especially in desert area of Iran such as Yazd, Isfahan, and Gonabad,dates back to 500 BC. Later they were also used to say the exact time of holy days of pre-Islamic religions, such as telling the time of the equal day and night ( "Nowruz)", "Chelah", or "Yaldā" – the shortest, longest, and equal-length days and nights of the years. The water clocks used in Iran were one of the most practical ancient tools for timing the yearly calendar. The water clock, or "Fenjaan", was the most accurate and commonly used timekeeping device for calculating the amount or the time that a farmer must take water from a qanat or well for irrigation, until it was replaced by more accurate current clocks. Persian water clocks were a practical and useful and necessary tool for the qanat's shareholders to calculate the length of time they could divert water to their farms or Gardens. The qanat (Kariz) was the only water source for agriculture and irrigation in arid areas so a just and fair water distribution was very important. A very fair and clever old person was elected to be the manager of the water clock called Mir Aab, and at least two full-time managers were needed to control and observe the number of Fenjans or Pengan hours and announce the exact time of the days and nights from sunrise to sunset because share holders usually were divided to the days owners and night owners. The Fenjaan consisted of a large pot full of water and a bowl with a small hole in the center. When the bowl became full of water, it would sink into the pot, and the manager would empty the bowl and again put it on the top of the water in the pot. He would record the number of times the bowl sank by putting small stones into a jar. The place where the clock was situated, and its managers, were collectively known as "khaneh Fenjaan" (time house). Usually this would be the top floor of a public-house, with west- and east-facing windows to show the time of Sunset and Sunrise. The Zibad Gonabad water clock was in use until 1965 when it was substituted by modern clocks. +Egypt. +it is not clear how Egyptians used water clocks. +Babylon. +In Babylon, water clocks were of the outflow type and were cylindrical in shape. In Babylonian times, time was measured with temporal hours. So, as seasons changed, so did the length of a day. "To define the length of a 'night watch' at the summer solstice, one had to pour two mana of water into a cylindrical clepsydra; its emptying indicated the end of the watch. One-sixth of mana had to be added each succeeding half-month. At the equinox, three mana had to be emptied in order to correspond to one watch, and four mana was emptied for each watch of the winter solstitial night." +India. +According to N. Kameswara Rao, pots excavated from the Indus valley civilization site of Mohenjo-daro (around 2500 BC) may have been used as water clocks. +Descriptions of similar water clocks are given in the "Pañca Siddhāntikā" by the polymath Varāhamihira (6th century AD), which adds further detail to the account given in the "Sürya Siddhānta".. Further descriptions are recorded in the "Brāhmasphuṭa Siddhānta", by the mathematician Brahmagupta (7th century AD). A detailed description with measurements is also recorded by the astronomer Lalla (8th century AD), who describes the "ghati" as a hemispherical copper vessel with a hole that is fully filled after one "nadika". +China. +In ancient China, as well as throughout East Asia, water clocks were very important in the study of astronomy and astrology. The oldest written reference dates the use of the water clock in China to the 6th century BC. From about 200 BC onwards, the outflow clepsydra was replaced almost everywhere in China by the inflow type with an indicator-rod borne on a float. +Greco-Roman world. +Clepsydrae for keeping time. +Some scholars suspect that the clepsydra may have been used as a stop-watch for imposing a time limit on clients' visits in Athenian brothels. Slightly later, in the early 3rd century BC, the Hellenistic physician Herophilos had a portable clepsydra on his house visits in Alexandria for measuring his patients' pulse-beats. By comparing the rate by age group with empirically obtained data sets, he was able to determine the intensity of the disorder. +The biggest achievement of the invention of clepsydrae during this time, however, was by Ctesibius with his incorporation of gears and a dial indicator to show the time as the lengths of the days changed throughout the year. This is because of the temporal timekeeping used during his day. Also, a Greek astronomer, Andronicus of Cyrrhus, supervised the construction of his Horologion, known today as the Tower of the Winds, in the Athens marketplace (or agora) in the first half of the 1st century BC. This octagonal clocktower showed both sundials and mechanical hour indicators. It featured a 24-hour mechanized clepsydra and indicators for the eight winds from which the tower got its name, and it displayed the seasons of the year and astrological dates and periods. +Medieval Islamic world. +In the medieval Islamic world (632-1280), the use of water clocks has its roots from Archimedes during the rise of Alexandria in Egypt and continues on through Byzantium. The water clocks by the Arabic engineer Al-Jazari, however, are credited for going "well beyond anything" that had preceded them. At daybreak, the tap was opened and water flowed from the top tank to the bottom tank via a float regulator that maintained a constant pressure in the receiving tank. +Korea. +In 1434 during the Joseon Dynasty, Jang Yeong-sil, Palace Guard and later Chief Court Engineer, constructed the Jagyeongnu (self-striking water clock or striking clepsydra) for King Sejong. +What made the Jagyeongnu self-striking (or automatic) was the use of jack-work mechanisms, by which three wooden figures (jacks) struck objects to signal the time. This innovation no longer required the reliance of human workers, known as "rooster men", to constantly replenish it. The uniqueness of the clock was its capability to announce dual-times automatically with both visual and audible signals. Jang developed a signal conversion technique that made it possible to measure analog time and announce digital time simultaneously as well as to separate the water mechanisms from the ball-operated striking mechanisms. + += = = Streptophyta = = = +Streptophyta (), are a clade of plants. Streptophyta is most land plants and all green algae, except for the Chlorophyta, Mesostigmatophyceae, Chlorokybophyceae and Spirotaenia. +Definition. +The classification of Streptophyta is different from source to source. Some include more organism groups, and others include less organism groups. +Streptophyta organisms are both unicellular and multicellular. Every living green plant is a streptophyta. The Streptophyta phylum includes green algae in freshwater and all land plants. Streptophyta reproduces sexually through conjugation. +Phylogeny. +Below is all of the relations of Streptophyta. + += = = Linen (color) = = = +Linen, or shades of white are colors that differ only slightly from pure white. + += = = Doug Jones (actor) = = = +Doug Jones (born May 24, 1960) is an American actor, contortionist, and mime artist. He is best known for playing non-human creatures. He is known for his roles in Guillermo del Toro movies such as "Mimic" (1997), "Hellboy" (2004), "Pan's Labyrinth" (2006), "" (2008), "Crimson Peak" (2015), and "The Shape of Water" (2017). + += = = Bryan Gould = = = +Bryan Charles Gould (born 11 February 1939) is a New Zealand-born British former politician and diplomat. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1974 to 1979, and again from 1983 to 1994. He was a member of the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet from 1986 to 1992. He ran unsuccessfully for the leadership of the party in 1992. +Gould returned to New Zealand and in 2004 was made a director at TVNZ. + += = = Sedgwick, Maine = = = +Sedgwick is a town in Hancock County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,202 at the 2020 census. + += = = Yanny or Laurel = = = +"Yanny or Laurel" is an auditory illusion which became popular in May 2018. It is a short audio recording of speech can be heard as one of two words. 53 percent of over 500,000 respondents to a Twitter poll reported hearing a man saying the word "Laurel", while 47 percent reported hearing a voice saying the name "Yanny". +It was confirmed that the audio says both Yanny and Laurel, but some users focus on the higher frequency sounds in "Yanny" and cannot hear the lower sounds of the word "Laurel". + += = = The dress = = = +The dress is a photograph that became a viral phenomenon on the Internet in 2015. Many people who see the same dress cannot decide if the color is black and blue, or white and gold. The phenomenon showed differences in human colour perception. Within a week, more than ten million tweets had mentioned the dress, using hashtags such as #thedress, #whiteandgold, and #blackandblue. Although the dress has been confirmed to be black and blue, there is still a debate about the true color. + += = = Woodrow Stanley = = = +Woodrow Stanley (June 12, 1950 – February 15, 2022) was an American Democratic Party politician. He was mayor of Flint, Michigan from 1991 until his recall in 2002. He was a member of the Michigan House of Representatives from District 34 from 2009 to 2014. Stanley was born in Schlater, Mississippi. +Stanley died at a hospital in Flint on February 15, 2022, at the age of 71. + += = = Schlater, Mississippi = = = +Schlater is a town in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 236 at the 2020 census. + += = = .�� = = = +.�� (.rf) is a Cyrillic domain in Russia. This domain is usually used in Slavic countries. + += = = Saurosuchus = = = +Saurosuchus ("lizard crocodile") was a huge extinct crocodile-like pseudosuchian archosaur. +It lived in South America during the Upper Triassic period. It was a heavy, ground-dwelling, quadrupedal carnivore. Probably it was the apex predator in its territory (the Ischigualasto Formation. + += = = Gabrán mac Domangairt = = = +Gabrán of Dalriada, full name Gabrán mac Domangairt, was a semi-historical king of Scots and grandson of the Scottish culture hero Fergus Mór. Gabran died around 560, being succeeded by his nephew Conall mac Comgall. + += = = Omsk Oblast = = = +Omsk Oblast (���. ������ �������) is a oblast {state) in Russia. Omsk oblast has a population of 1.9 million people. + += = = Ziarat = = = +Ziarat is a city in Pakistan. + += = = Omsk oblast = = = +Russian Oblast + += = = Tomsk Oblast = = = +Tomsk Oblast () is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in western Siberia. The oblast has an area of 314,391 square kilometers. Its population is 1,089,291 (2022 Census) with the majority, 506 thousands, living in Tomsk, the administrative center. + += = = Altai Mountains = = = +The Altai Mountains (/ɑːlˈtaɪ/), also spelled Altay Mountains, are a mountain range in Central and East Asia, where Russia, China and Mongolia converge, and where the rivers Ob and Irtysh have their headwaters. The massif merges with the Sayan Mountains in the northeast, and gradually becomes lower in the southeast, where it merges into the high plateau of the Gobi Desert. + += = = Russian Census (2010) = = = +The Russian Census of 2010 () was the second census of the Russian Federation population after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Preparations for the census began in 2007 and it took place between October 14 and October 25. + += = = Karnaaj Rally = = = +Karnaaj Rally is a racing and vehicular combat game. It came out on the Game Boy Advance in 2003, and as "K-Rally" on Symbian and Windows Mobile in 2006. +Gameplay. +"Karnaaj Rally" has a top-down perspective. The player is a sponsored racer, and can make bets, buy armor, upgrade their engine or tires and stay the best by winning races. Races come in seasons. The last race happens on the Moon. +Reception. +"Karnaaj Rally" was mostly liked. It is rated 80% on GameRankings, 81 out of 100 on Metacritic with 9 reviews, 8.8 "Great" on IGN. and 7.8/10 "good" on GameSpot, which called it "a blast to play" and the best Game Boy Advance game of January 2003. +Many video game reviewers and publications hated the game's box art. 1UP.com's feature "Hey Covers... You Suck!" said it has "..the world's ugliest man jump[ing] in front of the camera." IGN liked the game, but said it is "hard to ignore the crappy name and awful package design" and to "Never judge a book by its cover." +Readers of the June 2003 issue of Electronic Gaming Monthly (issue 167) and makers of the game hated it when Seanbaby hated the game because its cover art was bad. + += = = Ileana D'Cruz = = = +Ileana D'Cruz (born 1 November 1986) is an Indian film actress who mostly appears in Telugu language films . She started as a model and made her film debut in 2006 with YVS Chowdhury's Telugu film "Devadasu" . She then starred in the commercially successful films "Pokkiri" (2006), "Jalsa" (2008) and "Kick" established herself as one of the leading actresses of Telugu cinema. She had been working in Badshaho at 2017. +Family. +She has an older sister named Farah, a young brother named Reis, and a young sister named Erin. Her first name comes from Greek mythology meaning "torch" or "bright." In childhood, she lived in Goa for many years. +Career. +Early reputation. +She was widely praised by critics, especially for her anatomy and facial features; Idealbrain's GV wrote that Ileana "made her debut very well. She not only does well in acting but also her physique is admirable which every woman would like to achieve. She has long legs and is physically beautiful." Devdasu was the first major commercial hit of the year and eventually grossed ₹14 crore. Ileana was given the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debutant for the movie. +Pokkiri. +Her next movie was the action movie Pokkiri starring Mahesh Babu. Ileana played an aerobics teacher who is harassed by a corrupt policeman. The movie was a huge success. It became the highest-grossing Telugu film of all time, as well as being Ileana's biggest commercial hit of all time. +Tamil movie debut. +Later in the same year, she made her debut in a Tamil language movie with Kedi (2006). Although the movie did not do as well at the box office, D'Cruz was so busy that she had to decline several offers. Her Telugu movie Dangerous (2006) in which she starred opposite Ravi Teja was not as good as was expected. +Ata. +D'Cruz's career again took a turn when she starred in the 2007 movie "Ata", opposite Sidharth. She was widely thanked for her performance as Satya, a college student who runs away from the home minister's devious son and comes under attack as she marches to demand punishment for her crime. "Idlebrain" describes them as "beautiful" and "a comfort to the eyes". +Jalsa. +In 2008 she played the lead role in "Jalsa" opposite Pawan Kalyan. She is currently considered the most expensive actress in the South Indian movie industry, being paid 1.75 crore as of 2008. +Career since 2009. +Her 2009 movie with Ravi Teja titled "Kick" was declared a box office hit. After that in 2009, she starred in Rechipo with Vishnu Manchu and "YVS" Chowdhary's "Salim", both of which failed at the box office. Ileana recently wrapped up shooting for Shakti, where she worked with Jr. NTR before she worked with him in Rakhi. Puri Jagannadh has signed her for their upcoming film "Nenu Na Rakshasi". This will be Ileana's second movie with Puri after the massive success of Pokkiri in 2006. She has also done an item song for the Kannada movie Huduga Hudugi with the lyrics "Ileana Ileana". Currently, Ileana will begin shooting for the Telugu and Tamil adaptation of the Hindi film 3 Idiots, where she will be essaying the role of Kareena Kapoor. S. Shankar will direct it. Her next offering will be Anurag Basu's Barfi in which Ileana will be working with Ranbir Kapoor. + += = = Strongoli = = = +Strongoli is a "comune" and town in the province of Crotone, in Calabria, southernmost Italy. It have over 6000 people living there. The town is birthplace of artist Leonardo Vinci. + += = = Bokermannohyla ibitiguara = = = +The Fazenda Salto tree frog ("Bokermannohyla ibitiguara") is a frog that lives in Brazil. It lives in forests in the Serra da Canastra. + += = = Kool Keith = = = +Keith Matthew Thornton (born October 7, 1963), better known by his stage name Kool Keith, is an American rapper and record producer from The Bronx, New York. Kool Keith has recorded many things both as a solo artist and with groups. Kool Keith is said to be one of hip-hop's most unusual people. +Kool Keith was a cofounding member of Ultramagnetic MCs. Thier first song "Critical Beatdown" was released in 1988. After two more albums with the group, "Funk Your Head Up" and "The Four Horsemen", Kool Keith released his solo album, "Dr. Octagonecologyst". He released it under the name Dr. Octagon in 1996. He next released a series of hip hop albums. These include "Sex Style", "First Come, First Served" (as Dr. Dooom), and most recently "Keith". +After releasing only one album on a major label, "Black Elvis/Lost in Space", Kool Keith returned to independently releasing music. He worked alone and with groups such as Analog Brothers, Masters of Illusion, Thee Undatakerz and Project Polaroid. Kool Keith has also made guest appearances with Peeping Tom and Yeah Yeah Yeahs. The Prodigy's hit "Smack My Bitch Up" was based on Kool Keith's voice saying "Change my pitch up. Smack my bitch up." + += = = Triprion spatulatus = = = +The Mexican shovel-headed tree frog, shovel-headed tree frog, or shovelhead treefrog ("Triprion spatulatus") is a frog that lives in Mexico. It lives on the Pacific side (west) of the mountains. There are two groups of this frog: "Diaglena spatulata spatulata" further north and "Diaglena spatulata reticulate" further south. +Appearance. +The adult male frog is 61 - 87 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog 75 - 101 mm long. Its nose is long, and its breathing holes are to the side instead of in front. There are ridges on its face. It has big eyes that stick out to the sides. The front parts of its front legs are thick and strong. The disks on its toes are very large. The back legs are short. +This frog can be a few different colors: yellowish light brown, gray-green, dark green, and green with yellow marks. The head is darker in color than the body. The venter is white. The male frog's voice organ is yellow with brown marks. There can be dark marks on the back. Frogs from different places can have different marks. +Actions. +This frog hides during the day and looks for food at night. It lives in trees. Scientists think it eats many different things. +The male frog's voice sounds like "braaa." +Threats. +This frog is not in danger of dying out but there are fewer of them than there were. This is because human beings change the places where the frog lives. There have also been long times with less rain than usual. Too much ultraviolet light can also kill this frog. + += = = Kalinga = = = +Kalinga may refer to: + += = = 5 October 1910 revolution = = = +The 5 October 1910 revolution was the revolution that ended the Portuguese Monarchy. It was caused by a "coup d'état" organized by the Portuguese Republican Party. +History. +In 1910, the Kingdom of Portugal was in crisis: people were angry over the 1890 British Ultimatum and the royal family. King Carlos I and his heir was assassinated in 1908, called the Lisbon Regicide. There was conflict between two political parties, Progressive and Regenerador. This caused political instability throughout Portugal. Republicans in Portugal thought Republicanism was a better way to manage the country, so, the Republican Party took advantage of the instability to overthrow the House of Braganza. +Coup. +After a rebellion between 3 and 4 October 1910, the Portuguese Republic was proclaimed at 9 a.m of the next day from the balcony of the Lisbon City Hall. After the revolution, a provisional junta led by Teófilo Braga managed the country until the approval of a new Constitution. In 1911 there was the beginning of the First Portuguese Republic. The national symbols were changed, including the national anthem and the flag. The revolution ensured civil and religious liberties. + += = = Portuguese Republican Party = = = +The Portuguese Republican Party was a Portuguese political party formed during the late years of Kingdom of Portugal. The party was an important part of the Portuguese First Republic. +When the Republic was established on the 5 October 1910 Revolution, the members of the party soon began splitting into different parties. + += = = Joanne Rodríguez = = = +Joanne Nicole Rodríguez Hacohen (born 14 August 1997) is a Guatemalan track cyclist. +She competed at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, 2019 Pan American Games, and 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. +She holds the Guatemalan records in track cycling in the flying 200 metres time trial. + += = = Léna Mettraux = = = +Léna Mettraux (born 8 September 1998) is a Swiss road and track cyclist. +She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. + += = = Devaney Collier = = = +Devaney Collier (born 20 July 1998) is a Canadian track cyclist. +She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. +She was on the Cyclery Racing team. + += = = Erin Attwell = = = +Erin Attwell (born 12 March 1999) is a Canadian track cyclist. +She competed at the 2018 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, 2019 Pan American Games, and 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. + += = = Christian democracy = = = +Christian democracy is a political ideology that started in 19th-century Europe with the influence of Christian teachings. It was a combination of modern democratic ideas and traditional Christian values, focusing on social justice and the teachings of Christianity. After World War II, Catholic and Protestant movements are important in shaping Christian democracy. + += = = Nidhhi Agerwal = = = +Nidhhi Agerwal (born 17 August 1992/1993) is an Indian actress and dancer. She mainly works in Telugu and Tamil-language movies. In 2017, she made her acting debut in the Hindi movie "Munna Michael." She was a Yamaha Fascino Miss Diva 2014 finalist. She made her Telugu movie debut with "Savyasachi" (2018). Her Tamil movie debut with "Eeswaran (2021)". +Early life. +Nidhhi was born in Hyderabad and brought up in Bangalore. She was born into a Hindi-speaking Marwari family. Agerwal can understand as well as speak Telugu, Tamil and Kannada. Her birthdate is reported either as 17 August 1992 or 1993. +Education. +Her schooling was at Debipur Milan Vidyapith. She holds a graduation in Business Management from Christ University, Bangalore. She is well trained in ballet, kathak and belly dance. +Career. +In 2016, director Sabbir Khan said that Nidhhi was signed as the lead in his movie "Munna Michael", alongside Tiger Shroff. She was chosen from among 300 people. Nidhhi was also asked to sign a "no-dating clause" until the movie was completed. + += = = Sarah Van Dam = = = +Sarah Van Dam (born 4 December 2001) is a Canadian track cyclist. +She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. +She is a member of Red Truck Racing. + += = = Ngaire Barraclough = = = +Ngaire Barraclough (born 20 July 2002) is a Canadian track and road cyclist. Ngaire currently rides with The The Cyclery Racing. +She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. She was responsible for a crash during the elimination race of the women's omnium event. +Results. +Track. + Needs additional data. +Road. + Needs additional data. + += = = DVD-Video = = = +DVD-Video is a video format used to store digital video on DVD discs. DVD-Video was the most popular home video format in Asia, North America, Europe, and Australia in the 2000s until it was surpassed by Blu-ray Disc. DVD-Discs require a DVD drive and a DVD player. Commercial DVD movies are encoded using a combination MPEG-2 compressed video and audio of varying formats. Typically, the data rate for DVD movies ranges from 3 to 9.5 Mbit/s, and the bit rate changed dynamically. DVD-Video was first available in Japan on 1 November, 1996, it was release on 24 March, 1997 in the United States. +Licensing for DVD. +The DVD-Video specification was made by DVD Forum and can be obtained from DVD Format/Logo Licensing Corporation for a fee of $5,000. Every subscriber must sign a non-disclosure agreement, meaning they cannot share the information publicly. Certain information in the DVD Book is confidential. + += = = Aksana Salauyeva = = = +Aksana Salauyeva (born 2 July 1999) is a Belarusian road and track cyclist. +At the 2019 European Games she set the Belarusian records, in the team pursuit track cycling. She competed at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. + += = = Sheng (instrument) = = = +The Sheng () is a Chinese free reed wind instrument consisting of usually 17 bamboo pipes set in a small wind-chest into which a musician blows through a mouthpiece. Each pipe has a free reed, made of metal (or formerly of bamboo or reed), that vibrates to produce sound when a finger hole on the pipe is covered. + += = = First Battle of Champagne = = = +The First Battle of Champagne was a battle of the First World War which happened from 20 December 1914 to 17 March 1915 in the Champagne-Ardenne region of France. The battle was fought by the French Fourth Army and the German 3rd Army. + += = = Urvashi Rautela = = = +Urvashi Rautela (born 25 February 1994) is an Indian actress and model. She appears in Bollywood movies. She was crowned Miss Diva Universe 2015 and represented India at the Miss Universe 2015 pageant. +She made her Bollywood debut with "Singh Saab the Great" (2013). She also appeared in movies like "Sanam Re" (2016), "Great Grand Masti" (2016), "Hate Story 4" (2018) and "Pagalpanti" (2019). +Early life and education. +Rautela was born in Haridwar on 25 February 1994 to Meera Rautela and Manwar Singh Rautela in a Rajput family. +Her hometown is Kotdwar. Rautela is an alumna of Gargi College, University of Delhi. +Early career. +Rautela got her first major break at age 15 in Wills lifestyle India Fashion Week. She also won the title of Miss Teen India 2009. She was the show stopper as a teen model for Lakme Fashion Week and walked the ramp at Amazon Fashion Week, Bombay Fashion Week and Dubai Fashion Week. +Awards in 2011. +In 2011, Rautela won Indian Princess 2011, Miss Tourism World 2011, and Miss Asian Supermodel 2011. She also won the title of Miss Tourism Queen of the Year 2011 that was held in China and became the first Indian woman to win the pageant.She was also offered Ishaqzaade but turned it down as she wanted to focus on the Miss Universe pageant. +I AM She – Miss Universe India. +In 2012, she won the I AM She – Miss Universe India as well as the special award for Miss Photogenic. However, she had to return her crown as she was underage at that time. In 2015, Rautela joined again and won the title. She represented India in Miss Universe 2015, but did not place. +Movie debut. +Rautela made her debut at Bollywood with the movie "Singh Saab The Great". Her role was the female lead opposite Sunny Deol. After that, she appeared in Yo Yo Honey Singh's international music video album "Love Dose". The music video was released in October 2014. +Later movie career. +Soon after, she started working in the South Indian movie industry. Her first movie was the Kannada movie "Mr. Airavata". The movie got negative reviews from the critics. But her dance sequence was praised. Sunayana Suresh writing for the "Times of India" noted, "Urvashi is expressive and leaves her mark in the few scenes and songs she appears in, especially with her dancing." +Later, she appeared in two other Hindi movies, Sanam Re and Great Grand Masti. She also took part in two music videos in 2016. The first was "Laal Dupatta" with Mika Singh and Anupama Raag and the other was "Gal Bann Gayi" along with Vidyut Jammwal. +In 2017, Rautela starred in a special dance sequence "Haseeno Ka Deewana" in the movie Kaabil. She was complimented on her performance by Amitabh Bachchan. She also made a special appearance in a Bangladeshi film "Porobashinee". +Hate Story 4. +In 2018, she appeared in the revenge drama "Hate Story 4". Rachit Gupta of the "Times of India" stated about her performance, "Urvashi Rautela has the main role and her character has plenty to offer. She starts off as a girl dancing in a strip club, but as the story unfolds, her character gets plenty of twists, turns and reveals. There’s a lot on her table and the pretty actress handles the myriad emotions and shades with ease." +Pagalpanti. +In February 2019, Rautela appeared for Anees Bazmee's comedy movie "Pagalpanti" which was a box-office flop and got unfavourable reviews. +Virgin Bhanupriya. +In 2020, she starred in "Virgin Bhanupriya" a comedy-drama directed by Ajay Lohan and produced by Shreyans Mahendra Dhariwal. The movie was released through ZEE5 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. + += = = Wilton, North Dakota = = = +Wilton is a city in the Burleigh and McLean counties in North Dakota, United States. The population was 718 at the 2020 census. The town was founded in 1899. Wilton was named after Wilton, Maine by a general. +History. +Wilton was platted in 1899 when the railroad was made to that point. The city was named after Wilton, Maine. This was the home of one of the early settlers. The town's train station and post office was finished being built in 1900. Most of the settlers there were from Ukraine. +Geography. +Wilton is located at (47.159011, -100.785903). +According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and is water. +Climate. +Wilton's climate has large seasonal temperature changes. It gets very hot and humid in the summers and gets very cold in the winters. Wilton has a humid continental climate. + += = = The Game of Death (1972 movie) = = = +The Game of Death ("�����") is an incomplete Hong Kong martial arts film, of 40 minutes filmed in 1972, directed, written, produced concorded (☯) by and starring Bruce Lee. In 1978 the "Golden Harvest" has released "Game of Death" and "other Game of Death movies". The 1978 version uses portions of the original footage married to an entirely new plot. The revised version of the film uses only 11 minutes and 7 seconds of the footage from the original "The Game of Death", but after 2000 the original version was distributed in movies and documentaries from various parts of the world. +! Title !! Release date !! Notes on the original 1972 footage !! Running time of the original footage from 1972 !! Companies !! Country + += = = Charles Yohane = = = +Charles Yohane (26 August 1973 – 14 February 2022) was a Zimbabwean footballer. He played as a midfielder. Yohane played for the Zimbabwe national football team between 1996 until 2007, making 23 appearances. +Yohane was carjacked and shot dead on 14 February 2022 while working as a delivery driver in Soweto, South Africa at aged 48. + += = = Juan Carlos Lallana = = = +Juan Carlos Lallana (24 December 1938 – 15 February 2022) was an Argentine footballer. He played in five matches for the Argentina national football team from 1963 to 1965. +Lallana died on 15 February 2022 in Rosario, Argentina at the age of 83. + += = = Michel Deguy = = = +Michel Deguy (23 May 1930 – 16 February 2022) was a French poet and translator. He was born in Paris, France. He also was director of the French literary journal "Po&sie", and as editor of "Les Temps Modernes", the literary journal founded by Jean-Paul Sartre. He won the Prix Mallarme, the Grand prix national de la poésie, the Prix Max Jacob, the Grand Prix de Poésie de l'Académie Française, the Prix Fénéon, and the Prix Joseph-Kessel. +Deguy died in Paris on 16 February 2022, at the age of 91. + += = = Esmaeil Jabbarzadeh = = = +Esmaeil Jabbarzadeh (, 1960 – 16 February 2022) was an Iranian politician. He was Governor of East Azerbaijan, Iran from 2013 to 2017. He won a seat from Tabriz for parliament in Iranian legislative elections of 1992, 1996, 2000, and 2004. He was a member of the Executives of Construction Party. +Jabbarzadeh died from cardiac arrest on 16 February 2022. + += = = Didier-Léon Marchand = = = +Didier-Léon Marchard (1 November 1925 – 16 February 2022) was a French Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1951. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Valence, France from 1978 until his retirement in 2001. +Marchand died on 16 February 2022, at the age of 96. + += = = Amos Sawyer = = = +Amos Claudius Sawyer (15 June 1945 – 16 February 2022) was a Liberian politician and academic. He was the interim President of Liberia from 22 November 1990 to 7 March 1994. He was voted in by 35 leaders representing seven political parties and eleven interest groups. Sawyer was born in Sinoe County, Liberia. He became president after Samuel Doe was kidnapped and executed. +Sawyer died at a hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, on 16 February 2022 from cardiac arrest at the age of 76. + += = = Prince Johnson = = = +Prince Yormie Johnson (born 6 July 1952) is a Liberian politician. He became Senior Senator from Nimba County in 2006. He was a rebel leader. Johnson played an important role in the Liberia civil wars. He captured, tortured and killed President Samuel Doe. + += = = Samuel Doe = = = +Samuel Kanyon Doe (6 May 1951 – 9 September 1990) was a Liberian politician. He was the Liberian leader from 1980 to 1990, first as a military leader and later as a civilian. He was in charge of the violent coup d'état in April 1980 that left him "de facto" head of state. He orders to kill then-president William Tolbert. +Civil war and death. +A civil war began in December 1989. Rebels entered Liberia through Ivory Coast, capturing and removing Doe from power on 9 September 1990. He was then tortured and murdered by the orders of Prince Johnson. + += = = Steve Burtenshaw = = = +Stephen Burtenshaw (23 November 1935 – 17 February 2022) was an English footballer and manager. Burtenshaw played as a wing half for Brighton & Hove Albion. He also managed Sheffield Wednesday, Everton, Queens Park Rangers and Arsenal. +Burtenshaw died on 17 February 2022, at the age of 86. + += = = Fausto Cigliano = = = +Fausto Cigliano (15 February 1937 – 17 February 2022) was an Italian singer, guitarist and actor. He was born in Naples, Italy. His career began in 1955. An actor, he was known for his roles in "Maid, Thief and Guard", "Cerasella" and "Passione". +Cigliano died on 17 February 2022 in Rome, Italy, two days after his 85th birthday. + += = = Máté Fenyvesi = = = +Máté Fenyvesi (20 September 1933 – 17 February 2022) was a Hungarian footballer and politician. He played for the national team from 1954 until 1966, making 76 appearances. A politician, he was a member of the National Assembly from 1990 until 1992 and again from 1998 until 2006. +Fenyvesi died on 17 February 2022, at the age of 88. + += = = Giuseppe Ros = = = +Giuseppe "Bepi" Ros (22 September 1942 – 17 February 2022) was an Italian heavyweight boxer. He won a bronze medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He retired in 1976. +Ros died from COVID-19 on 17 February 2022 in Vittorio Veneto, Italy at the age of 79. + += = = Mareno di Piave = = = +Mareno di Piave is a "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Treviso in Veneto, Italy. It is about north of Venice and about northeast of Treviso. + += = = Vittorio Veneto = = = +Vittorio Veneto is a city and "comune" in Province of Treviso, in Veneto in northeast Italy. + += = = František Václav Lobkowicz = = = +František Václav Lobkowicz ( 1947 – 17 February 2022) was a Czech Roman Catholic prelate. He was bishop of Ostrava-Opava from 1996 until he died. +Lobkowicz died on 17 February 2022. He was 74 years old. + += = = Nokia E61 = = = +Nokia E61 (also known is Nokia E61i) was an Nokia E series mobile phone developer of Nokia Corporation, it was announced this two phone on May 5, 2006 and release on August 16, 2006 with E61 version and June 11, 2007 with E61i version. +History. +In May 5, 2006, at Mobile World Congress. Nokia announced they will be release two phone in 2006 and 2007. They name is "Nokia E61" and "Nokia E61i". +In August 16, 2006. Nokia E61 was release of worldwide. In September 2006, Nokia announced they will be release Nokia E61i on June 2007. In June 18, 2007. Nokia E61i was available of worldwide. +Discontinued. +In late 2007, Nokia announced they will be discontinued two phone because was no longer after release in 2006 and 2007, Nokia E61 was discontinued in November 12, 2008 and Nokia E61i in October 12, 2009. +In November 11, 2008. Nokia E61 was discontinuation of sales in worldwide and continue in Nokia website. In September 2009, Nokia E61i was discontinued of United Kingdom and Canada. In October 12, 2009. Nokia E61i was discontinued of worldwide. + += = = Still of the Night (movie) = = = +Still of the Night is a 1982 American psychological crime thriller movie directed by Robert Benton and starring Roy Scheider, Meryl Streep, Jessica Tandy, Josef Sommer, Sara Botsford, Joe Grifasi. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. + += = = 2009 World Figure Skating Championships = = = +The 2009 World Figure Skating Championships was a senior international figure skating competition in the 2008–09 season. Medals were awarded for men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. +Qualification. +The games were open to skaters from ISU member nations who reached the age of 15 by July 1, 2008. +Countries which qualified more than one country per discipline: + += = = Howard Cruse = = = +Howard Cruse (May 2, 1944 – November 26, 2019) was an American alternative cartoonist. He was known creating gay themes in his comics. He was the founding editor of "Gay Comix" in 1980. His graphic novel "Stuck Rubber Baby" became his best known work. +Cruse died of lymphoma on November 26, 2019 in Pittsfield, Massachusetts at the age of 75. + += = = Héctor García-Molina = = = +Héctor García-Molina (November 15, 1953 – November 25, 2019) was a Mexican-American computer scientist. He was a Professor in the Departments of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering at Stanford University. He was advisor to Sergey Brin, the co-founder of Google, from 1993 to 1997 when Brin was a computer science student at Stanford. + += = = Bruno Nicolè = = = +Bruno Nicolè (; 24 February 1940 – 26 November 2019) was an Italian professional footballer. He played as a forward. He played for Juventus, Roma, and the national team. +Nicolè died on 26 November 2019 in Pordenone, Italy at the age of 79. + += = = Gary Rhodes = = = +Gary Rhodes, OBE (22 April 1960 – 26 November 2019) was a British restaurateur and television chef. He was known for his love of British cuisine. He appeared on "MasterChef", "MasterChef USA", "Hell's Kitchen", and his own series, "Rhodes Around Britain". +In 2006 he competed to represent the South of England in the BBC's "Great British Menu", but lost to Atul Kochhar. +Rhodes also had his own line of cookware and bread mixes. Rhodes went on to feature in the ITV1 programme "Saturday Cooks", as well as the UKTV Food show "Local Food Hero". +Rhodes died on 26 November 2019 in Dubai at the age of 59. The cause of death was subdural haematoma. + += = = Stefan Danailov = = = +Stefan Lambov Danailov () (9 December 1942 – 27 November 2019) was a Bulgarian actor. He was Minister of Culture of Bulgaria from August 2005 to July 2009. An actor, his best known roles were in "Ladies' Choice", "Affection" and in "Something Out of Nothing". +Danailov died on 27 November 2019 in Sofia of lymphoma, aged 76. + += = = Godfrey Gao = = = +Godfrey Gao (; 22 September 1984 – 27 November 2019) was a Taiwanese-Canadian model and actor. He was the first Asian model to appear in a campaign for Louis Vuitton. He was known for his roles as Magnus Bane in the 2013 movie version of +"" and for his leading role in Chinese television series "Remembering Lichuan". +Gao died of a heart attack while filming a movie in Ningbo, Zhejiang on 27 November 2019 at the age of 35. + += = = Bala Singh = = = +Bala Singh (24 April 1952 – 27 November 2019) was an Indian actor. He appeared in Tamil language movies. He made his first movie appearance on "Avatharam" (1995). He was known for his villain roles such as in "Kaama" and in "Pudhupettai". +Singh died of cardiac arrest caused by food poisoning in Chennai on 27 November 2019, aged 67. + += = = Sam Watson (political activist) = = = +Samuel William "Sam" Watson (16 November 1952 – 27 November 2019) was an Aboriginal Australian activist and a socialist politician. He was known for his works with the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody. +In December 2009, Watson was appointed a deputy director at the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies Unit at the University of Queensland and taught two courses in Black Australian Literature. +He was also a writer and a filmmaker. He received honours for his 1990 novel "The Kadaitcha Sung". +Watson died of a short illness at a Brisbane hospital on 27 November 2019 at the age of 67. + += = = 2019 Albania earthquake = = = +Northwestern Albania was struck by a strong 6.4 magnitude earthquake and an epicentre west-southwest of Mamurras, at 03:54 CET on 26 November 2019. +The tremor was felt in Albania's capital Tirana, North Macedonia's capital Skopje, and in places as far away as Taranto, Italy and Belgrade, Serbia, some northeast of the epicentre. +At least 51 people were killed by the earthquake, with 3000 others injured. It was the largest to hit Albania in forty years. + += = = Daniel Martínez (politician) = = = +Daniel Carlos Martínez Villamil (born 23 February 1957) is a Uruguayan politician and engineer. He was born in Montevideo. He was the 2019 Broad Front presidential candidate. +From 2008 through 2009, he was the Minister of Industry, Energy and Mining during the Tabaré Vázquez administration. From 2010 through 2015, he was a member of the Senate. Later, from 2015 through 2019, he was the Mayor of Montevideo. + += = = Luis Alberto Lacalle Pou = = = +Luis Alberto Alejandro Aparicio Lacalle Pou (born 11 August 1973) is a Uruguayan lawyer and politician. Lacalle Pou is the 42nd and current President of Uruguay since March 2020. He ran as candidate for the National Party in the 2019 election. +He is the son of former President of Uruguay, Luis Alberto Lacalle. +In the 1999 general elections, he was elected representative for Canelones, serving the 2000-2005 term. He was re elected in 2004 and again in 2009. +On 30 March 2014, Lacalle Pou launched his bid for the presidential candidacy. He lost in the second round of the election to Tabaré Vázquez. + += = = Hildur Guðnadóttir = = = +Hildur Ingveldar Guðnadóttir (born 4 September 1982) is an Icelandic musician and composer. She is known for composing the soundtracks for the 2019 miniseries "Chernobyl" and the 2019 comic movie "Joker. S"he won a Golden Globe Award from it. +She has played and recorded with the bands Pan Sonic, Throbbing Gristle, Múm and Stórsveit Nix Noltes. She also toured with Animal Collective and Sunn O))). + += = = Michael Giacchino = = = +Michael Giacchino (; born October 10, 1967) is an American composer. He has won an Academy Award, a Primetime Emmy Award, and three Grammy Awards. +He is known for his works with J. J. Abrams, Brad Bird, Matt Reeves, Pete Docter, Colin Trevorrow, Jon Watts, Drew Goddard, Gareth Edwards, and The Wachowskis. +His movie scores include ', "Super 8", "Star Trek", "Star Trek Into Darkness", "The Incredibles", "Incredibles 2", "Ratatouille", "Up", "Cars 2", "Dawn of the Planet of the Apes", "Jurassic World", "Inside Out", "Zootopia", "Star Trek Beyond", "Doctor Strange", "Rogue One", ', "Coco", "War for the Planet of the Apes", ', ' and "The Batman". +He also composed the score of the video game series "Medal of Honor" and "Call of Duty". +Influences. +Giacchino's influences include John Williams, Henry Mancini, Alan Menken, Elmer Bernstein, Jerry Goldsmith, Buddy Baker, Dave Grusin, Bruce Broughton, Lalo Schifrin, James Horner, John Barry, Howard Shore, Leonard Bernstein, Joel McNeely, Elliot Goldenthal, Alfred Newman, Joe Hisaishi, Ludwig Von Beethoven, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Tan Dun, Charles-Valentin Alkan, Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Irwin Kostal, Frank DeVol, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Franz Waxman, Richard Wagner, Irwin Kostal, Max Steiner, Alex North, Hoyt Curtin, Warren Barker, Dominic Frontiere, Leith Stevens, Walter Scharf, Carl Brandt, Dick Grove, Bill Conti, Mundell Lowe, Allyn Ferguson, Matt Dennis, Jack Feierman, George Bruns, Nadia Boulanger, Edward Elgar, Pyotr Tchaikovsky, Gustav Mahler, Alex North, Victor Young, Roger Sessions, Arnold Schoenberg, Giacomo Puccini, Hans Richter, Thomas Tallis, Hamilton Harty, Jan Kubelík, Carl Nielsen, Sergei Prokofiev, Cole Porter, Rudolph G. Kopp, Ernst Krenek, Glenn Miller, Gioachino Rossini, Miklós Róza, Benjamin Britten, Frédéric Chopin, Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Morton Gould, Fred Steiner, Leonard Rosenman, Leith Stevens, Marius Constant, Oliver Wallace, Frank Churchill, Bernard Herrmann, Hoyt Curtin, Alexandre Desplat, Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, Herbie Mann, Nat King Cole, Herb Alpert, Bill Evans, Erroll Garner, Jerry Fielding, Louis Prima, Earle Hagen, Peter Nero, William Lava, Anton Rubinstein, Ferruccio Busoni, Ethelbert Nevin, Edvard Grieg, Johannes Brahms, Robert Schumann, Felix Mendelssohn, Carl Reinecke, Franz Schubert, Joseph Haydn, Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, Johann Sebastian Bach, Arthur Honegger, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov and Richard Strauss. + += = = Riverside Township, New Jersey = = = +Riverside Township is a township in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the township's population was 8,003. + += = = Mount Holly, New Jersey = = = +Mount Holly is a township in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States. It is the county seat of Burlington County as well as an eastern suburb of Philadelphia. As of the 2020 United States Census, the township's population was 9,981. + += = = Evesham Township, New Jersey = = = +Evesham Township is a township in Burlington County in the US state of New Jersey, United States. It is a suburb of Philadelphia. As of the 2020 United States Census, the township's population was 46,826. + += = = Washington Township, Burlington County, New Jersey = = = +Washington Township is a township in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the township's population was 693. + += = = 2019–20 Perth Glory FC season = = = +The 2019–20 Perth Glory FC season is the club's 23rd season since it began in 1996. The 2019–20 A-League season was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia and New Zealand. It resumed on 17 July 2020. +It's in the A league. + += = = Marlton, New Jersey = = = +Marlton is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Evesham Township, in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, Marlton's population was 10,594. + += = = Joel Chianese = = = +Joel Joseph Chianese (born 15 February 1990) is an Australian professional soccer player who plays as an attacking midfielder or forward. +He played for Sydney FC. +Honours. +Perth Glory +Hyderabad + += = = Brad Bird = = = +Phillip Bradley Bird (born September 24, 1957) is an American animator, director, screenwriter, producer, and voice actor. He is best known for his animated feature movies "The Iron Giant" (1999), "The Luke Movie" (2000), "Logan and Luke" (2000), "The Incredibles" (2004), "Ratatouille" (2007), "Incredibles 2" (2018), and "The Iron Giant Christmas Carol" (TBA). His live action movies are "" (2011) and "Tomorrowland" (2015). + += = = Auburn, Washington = = = +Auburn is a city in King County, with a small portion in Pierce County, Washington, United States. The population was 87,256 at the 2020 United States Census. +Auburn is a suburb in the Seattle metropolitan area. It is the fourteenth largest city in the state of Washington. + += = = Pierce County, Washington = = = +Pierce County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 921,130, making it the second-most populous county in Washington behind King County. The county seat and largest city is Tacoma. + += = = Benton County, Oregon = = = +Benton County is a county in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 95,184. Its county seat is Corvallis. + += = = Hadesarchaea = = = +Hadesarchaea are very small living things. They are thermophile Archaea that live in very hot places underground. People have found them in sand at the bottom of the ocean, deep mines, hot springs, and other places underground. +Name. +Hadesarchaea were first called the South-African Gold Mine Miscellaneous Euryarchaeal Group (SAGMEG) because they were found in a gold mine in South Africa. They were renamed "Hadesarchaea" in 2016 (Hades was the Greek god who ruled the land of the dead). +Genome. +In 2016, scientists used a method called shotgun sequencing to make a model of the Hadesarchaea genome. A genome is all the genes in an living thing and the other pieces of DNA and RNA that help them work. The Hadesarchaea genome is about 1.5 Megabase pairs in size, which is about 0.5 Mbp smaller than most other Archaea. The scientists think the small genome is how the Hadesarchaea can stay alive with only a little to eat. +Scientists believe Hadesarchaea came from an ancestor that used methane as food. +Ecology. +The first Hadesarchaea that people found were in a mine in South Africa about 3 km (2 mi) under the surface of the Earth. They do not need oxygen or light to live. They were later also found in the White Oak River estuary in North Carolina, a place where a river meets the ocean, and in Yellowstone National Park's Lower Culex Basin. These areas are hot, 70 °C (158 °F), and are so alkaline that they would destroy most living things. Other scientists looked through the soil near old mines in East Harz, Germany and think they may have found pieces of 16S rRNA that could be from Hadesarchaea or their close relatives. +Hadesarchaea are the only archaea that can turn carbon monoxide and water into carbon dioxide and oxygen. When they do this, the reaction gives off hydrogen. Scientists looked at more information about the Hadesarchaea genome and believe they have genes that let them put carbon atoms into other molecules and make methane. Other scientists think Hadesarchaea may be able to use sugar and amino acids as fuel and change nitrite into ammonium. Scientists think Hadesarchaea help in geochemical processes. + += = = Let L-610 = = = +The Let L-610 is a Czech military light transport aircraft. It was built as only eight examples between 1988 and 1990. + += = = The Irishman = = = +The Irishman (also titled onscreen as I Heard You Paint Houses) is a 2019 American epic crime movie directed and produced by Martin Scorsese and written by Steven Zaillian, based on the 2004 book "I Heard You Paint Houses" by Charles Brandt. +Plot. +The movie is about Frank Sheeran (De Niro), a truck driver who becomes a hitman and gets involved with mobster Russell Bufalino (Pesci) and his crime family, including his time working for the powerful Teamster Jimmy Hoffa (Pacino). +Cast. +It stars Robert De Niro, Al Pacino, and Joe Pesci, with Ray Romano, Bobby Cannavale, Anna Paquin, Stephen Graham, Stephanie Kurtzuba, Jesse Plemons, and Harvey Keitel in supporting roles. +Filming. +Principal photography began in September 2017 in New York City and in the Mineola and Williston Park sections of Long Island, and ended in March 2018. With a production budget of $159 million and a runtime of 209 minutes, it is one of the longest and most expensive movies of Scorsese's career. +Release. +"The Irishman" had its world premiere at the 57th New York Film Festival on September 27, 2019, and began a small time theater release on November 1, 2019. It was soon streamed on Netflix on November 27, 2019. +On "Rotten Tomatoes", the movie holds an approval rating of 96%. + += = = Frank Sheeran = = = +Frank "The Irishman" Sheeran (October 25, 1920 – December 14, 2003) was an American labor union official. He was accused of having links to the Bufalino crime family. +Sheeran was a figure in the corruption of unions by organized crime. Sheeran claimed to have killed Teamster leader Jimmy Hoffa in 1975. He is played by Robert De Niro in the 2019 Netflix "The Irishman" directed by Martin Scorsese. +Sheeran died of cancer on December 14, 2003 in Philadelphia at the age of 83. +Sheeran did NOT die in Philly he actually died in Delco, he was in a nursing home in West Chester, Pa at the time of his death!! He is buried in Holy Cross Cemetery in Yeadon,Pa, also Delco!!! + += = = Darby, Pennsylvania = = = +Darby is a borough in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population is 10,715. + += = = Jim Simons = = = +James Harris Simons (; born April 25, 1938) is an American mathematician, billionaire hedge fund manager, and philanthropist. He is known as a quantitative analyst. In 1982, Simons founded Renaissance Technologies. He is seen as the greatest investor on Wall Street. +As reported by Forbes, his net worth as of October 2019 is estimated to be $21.6 billion, making Simons the 21st-richest man in the United States. +Simons was born in Newton, Massachusetts. He studied at University of California, Berkeley and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. +Early life and education. +James Harris Simons was born on April 25, 1938 to an American Jewish family, the only child of Marcia (née Kantor) and Matthew Simons, and raised in Brookline, Massachusetts. +He received a bachelor's degree in mathematics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1958 and a PhD in mathematics from the University of California, Berkeley under supervision of Bertram Kostant in 1961 at the age of 23. After graduating from MIT, Simons traveled from Boston to Bogotá, Colombia on a motor scooter. +Honors and awards. +In 2008, he was inducted into Institutional Investors Alpha's Hedge Fund Manager Hall of Fame along with Alfred Jones, Bruce Kovner, David Swensen, George Soros, Jack Nash, Julian Robertson, Kenneth Griffin, Leon Levy, Louis Bacon, Michael Steinhardt, Paul Tudor Jones, Seth Klarman and Steven A. Cohen. +He was named by the "Financial Times" in 2006 as "the world's smartest billionaire". He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2007. In 2011, he was included in the 50 Most Influential ranking of "Bloomberg Markets Magazine". +A book about Simons and his investing methods, "The Man Who Solved the Market: How Jim Simons Launched the Quant Revolution" by Gregory Zuckerman was released November 5, 2019. In 2018, Trinity College Dublin awarded him with an honorary doctorate. + += = = Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin = = = +Fort Atkinson is a city in Jefferson County, Wisconsin, United States. It is on the Rock River, a few miles upstream from Lake Koshkonong. The population was 12,579 at the 2020 census. + += = = Jefferson County, Wisconsin = = = +Jefferson County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 84,900. Its county seat is Jefferson. + += = = Jefferson, Wisconsin = = = +Jefferson is a city in Jefferson County, Wisconsin, United States, and is its county seat. It is at the confluence of the Rock and Crawfish rivers. The population was 7,793 at the 2020 census. + += = = Watertown, Wisconsin = = = +Watertown is a city in Dodge and Jefferson counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 22,926 at the 2020 census. + += = = Beaver Dam, Wisconsin = = = +Beaver Dam is a city in Dodge County, Wisconsin, United States, along Beaver Dam Lake and the Beaver Dam River. The population was 16,708 at the 2020 census, making it the largest city in Dodge County. + += = = Pordenone = = = +Pordenone (; Venetian and ) is the main "comune" of Pordenone province of northeast Italy in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region. + += = = Henry County, Kentucky = = = +Henry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,678. Its county seat is New Castle, but its largest city is Eminence. The county was founded in 1798. +It was named for the statesman and governor of Virginia Patrick Henry. + += = = Clay Evans (pastor) = = = +Clay Evans (June 23, 1925 – November 27, 2019) was an African American Baptist pastor, civil rights activist and singer-songwriter. He was the founder of the influential Fellowship Missionary Baptist Church in Chicago, Illinois. He was famous for his gospel music. +Evans released his first musical project in 1984, "What He's Done For Me" with Savoy Records. His latest album, "It's Me Again", released in 2006 by Meek Records, failed to chart. He received a nomination for the Best Gospel Album at the 1997 Soul Train Music Awards. + += = = Brownsville, Tennessee = = = +Brownsville is a city in Haywood County, Tennessee, United States. It is the county seat of Haywood County, located in the western Tennessee Delta. Its population as of the 2020 census was 9,788. + += = = Haywood County, Tennessee = = = +Haywood County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,864. Its county seat and largest city is Brownsville. + += = = Walla Walla County, Washington = = = +Walla Walla County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 62,584. The county seat and largest city is Walla Walla. + += = = University of Zagreb = = = +The University of Zagreb (, ; ) is the largest Croatian university and the oldest continuously operating university in the area covering Central Europe south of Vienna and all of Southeastern Europe. +The history of the University began on September 23, 1669, when the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I issued a decree granting the establishment of the "Jesuit Academy of the Royal Free City of Zagreb". The decree was accepted at the Council of the Croatian Kingdom on November 3, 1671. The Academy was run by the Jesuits for more than a century until the order was dissolved by Pope Clement XIV in 1773. In 1776, Empress Maria Theresa issued a decree founding the "Royal Academy of Science" which succeeded the previous Jesuit Academy. Bishop Josip Juraj Strossmayer proposed the founding of a University to the Croatian Parliament in 1861. Emperor Franz Joseph signed the decree on the establishment of the University of Zagreb in 1869. The Act of Founding was passed by the Parliament in 1874, and was ratified by the Emperor on January 5, 1874. On October 19, 1874, the "Royal University of Franz Joseph I" was officially opened. +The University is composed of 29 faculties, 3 art academies and 1 university center with more than 70,000 students. The University is as of 2018 at the 463rd place out of 1000 on the list of Universities of the world made by the Center for University World Rankings. +Faculties. +Natural sciences +Engineering +Biomedical sciences +Biotechnology +Social sciences +Humanities +The arts + += = = 2019 Southeast Asian Games = = = +The 2019 Southeast Asian Games, officially known as the 30th Southeast Asian Games or 2019 SEA Games and commonly known as Philippines 2019, will be the 30th edition of the Southeast Asian Games, a biennial regional multi-sport event which will be hosted by the Philippines from 30 November to 11 December 2019, with games from selected sports started as early as November 25. +In July 2015, the Philippines agreed to host the games after Brunei's withdrawal. However, the Philippines' hosting was left uncertain following the withdrawal of government support two years later as it planned to use the funds intended for the games for the rehabilitation of Marawi after being occupied by ISIS supporters. Thailand and Indonesia offered to host the games with the latter planning to reuse the venues used. + += = = Taleh = = = +Taleh (, ) is a city in Sool, Somalia. It was the final capital of the Daraawiish. The first Daraawiish capital was in Dareema Caddo near Buuhoodle. + += = = USP = = = +The USP was a political party and autonomous state from 1989 until 1998 in northern Somalia. It was mainly for the Dhulbahante (aka Darwiish) population. + += = = Subdural hematoma = = = +A subdural hematoma (SDH) is a type of bleeding in which a collection of blood usually caused from a traumatic brain injury—gathers in the inner layer of the dura mater and the arachnoid mater of the meninges surrounding the brain. It usually results from tears in bridging veins that cross the subdural space. +The symptoms of a subdural hematoma are slow to notice because the lower-pressure veins involved bleed more slowly than arteries. Signs and symptoms of acute hematomas may appear in minutes, if not immediately, but can also be delayed as much as two weeks. + += = = Jeanne Gang = = = +Jeanne Gang (born March 19, 1964) is an American architect. She is the founder and leader of Studio Gang, an architecture and urban design practice with offices in Chicago, New York, and San Francisco. +She is known for her Aqua Tower design. She also designed the University of Chicago Campus North Residential and Dining Commons and two boathouses on the Chicago River. Her Aqua tower in Chicago is currently the tallest woman-designed building in the world. Her newest design is the Vista Tower. + += = = Louis Kahn = = = +Louis Isadore Kahn (born Itze-Leib Schmuilowsky) ( – March 17, 1974) was an Estonian-born American architect. His career was set in Philadelphia. +He founded his own atelier in 1935. While continuing his private practice, he was a design critic and professor of architecture at Yale School of Architecture from 1947 to 1957. From 1957 until his death, he was a professor of architecture at the School of Design at the University of Pennsylvania. +Kahn died of a heart attack on March 17, 1974 in a bathroom at Penn Station in Manhattan, aged 73. + += = = North Hero, Vermont = = = +North Hero is a town and county seat of Grand Isle County, Vermont, United States. The population was 939 at the 2020 census. + += = = The Sutherland Brothers = = = +The Sutherland Brothers (Gavin and Iain Sutherland) were a Scottish folk and soft rock duo. From 1973 to 1978, they performed with rock band Quiver, and recorded and toured as Sutherland Brothers & Quiver. The group recorded several albums and had a significant international hit single with the song "Arms of Mary" in 1976. +In North America, they are known for their 1973 single "(I Don't Want to Love You But) You Got Me Anyway". + += = = K12 = = = +K12 is a mountain in the Karakoram range, in India and Pakistan. K12 is part of the Saltoro subrange. It is the 60th highest mountain in the world. +K12 is not climbed often, as it is in the disputed Kashmir region. The first people to reach the top were Tsutomu Ito and Shinichi Takagi, in 1974. + += = = IG Field = = = +IG Field, which used to be called the Investors Group Field, is a football stadium in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It opened in 2013. It is located on the University of Manitoba campus next to University Stadium. IG Field is owned by Triple B Stadium Inc., a group which includes the City of Winnipeg, the Province of Manitoba, the Winnipeg Football Club and the University of Manitoba. The stadium is home to the Winnipeg Blue Bombers (Canadian Football League), Valour FC (Canadian Premier League), the University of Manitoba Bisons football team, and the Winnipeg Rifles (CJFL). +The stadium can hold 33,500 people, and is partially covered. It has a corrugated metal roof, restaurant, 52 suites, walk of fame and other amenities. + += = = Lennart Andersson (athlete) = = = +Agne Lennart Andersson (later "Agnred", 17 January 1914 – 18 December 1997) was a Swedish triple jumper. He finished the triple jump at the 1936 Summer Olympics in 19th place and the triple jump at the 1938 European Athletics Championships in 6th place. +Andersson held titles for Sweden in the triple jump in 1937–38 and in the standing high jump in 1937. + += = = Un Certain Matin = = = +Un Certain Matin is a 1991 Burkinese award-winning movie made by . In 2011, academic Yifen Beus argued that the film reflects the filmmaker’s experience in filmmaking as a female director, While feminists also argued similarly that the film was meant to demystify it. + += = = Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (movie) = = = +Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban is a 2004 fantasy movie directed by Alfonso Cuarón. It is based on J. K. Rowling's 1999 novel of the same name. It is the sequel to "Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets" (2002) and the third part in the "Harry Potter" movie series. The movie stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, with Rupert Grint as Ron Weasley, and Emma Watson as Hermione Granger. +It was the first appearance of Michael Gambon as Professor Albus Dumbledore, because of Richard Harris' death in 2002. +The movie was released on 31 May 2004 in the United Kingdom, and on 4 June 2004 in North America, as the first "Harry Potter" movie using IMAX Technology and released into IMAX theatres. +It was nominated for two Academy Awards, Best Original Music Score and Best Visual Effects at the 77th Academy Awards in 2004. +Plot. +Harry Potter spends another summer with his abusive aunt and uncle. After his uncle's sister insults Harry's dead parents, Harry accidentally uses magic to make her inflate and float away. Harry leaves the house and reunites with his friends, Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger. They find out that a prisoner named Sirius Black has escaped Azkaban, which is a prison for dangerous witches and wizards. +While on the train to Hogwarts, a Dementor enters the train searching for Sirius Black. The Dementors are ghost-like creatures which suck all the happiness and life out of anything. They are the guards used by the magical government to guard Azkaban. The Dementor attacks Harry, but Harry is saved by a new teacher at Hogwarts named Professor Lupin. +Ron's brothers, Fred and George give Harry a magical map of Hogwarts which shows were everyone is. While using the map and his invisibility cloak, Harry learns that Sirius Black is his godfather who told Lord Voldemort where Harry's parents were hiding. This allowed Voldemort to find and kill them. +While outside, Ron's pet rat, Scabbers escapes. While chasing his rat, Ron is dragged into a hole at the base of a tree by a large black dog. Harry and Hermione go into the hole, which leads to an underground room. The dog is actually Sirius Black. Professor Lupin arrives and reveals that he is Sirius Black's friend. +Lupin and Sirius explain that Sirius is actually innocent and that they were friends with Harry's parents. They reveal that the person who actually betrayed Harry's parents was a man named Peter Pettigrew. Sirius and Lupin then use magic to reveal that Ron's rat is actually Peter Pettigrew. Peter escapes and Sirius is caught by the Dementors. The headmaster, Professor Dumbledore, helps Harry and Hermione use time travel to save Sirius from the Dementors. Professor Lupin resigns from his job because he is actually a werewolf. +Additional Voices, Tom Amundsen, Greg Baglia, Rajia Baroudi, Michael Bell, Bob Bergen, Gregg Berger, Jim Cummings, Steve Blum, Susanne Blakeslee, J.B. Blanc, Doug Burch, Helene Vania Cardona, Julianne Buescher, Corey Burton, June Christopher, Wendy Cutler, Holly Dorff, Moosie Drier, Jane Carr, Debi Derryberry, Greg Eagles, Paul Eiding, Jeannie Elias, Gary A. Hecker, John DeMita, Judi M. Durand, Chad Einbinder, Peggy Flood, Lewis Macleod, Patrick Fraley, Richard Epcar, Eddie Frierson, Kate Higgins, Neil Dickson, Jean Gilpin, Teresa Ganzel, Mike Gomez, Philip Maurice Hayes, Michael McConnohie, Archie Hahn, Kerry Gutierrez, Jess Harnell, David Hayter, Karen Huie, Arif S. Kinchen, Nick Jameson, Richard Steven Horvitz, Mark Ivanir, David Lodge, Neil Kaplan, Jennifer Hale, Tom Kane, Patricia Lentz, Vanessa Marshall, Joyce Kurtz, Anne Lockhart, David Michie, Sherry Lynn, Mary Elizabeth McGlynn, Mickie McGowan, Walter Emanuel Jones, Candi Milo, Jim Meskimen, Randall Montgomery, Dina Morrone, Jonathan Nichols, Paul Pape, Levi Nunez, Erik Passoja, Ashley Peldon, Courtney Peldon, Juan Pope, Gary Schwartz, David Sobolov, Patricia Parris, Derek Stephen Prince, Peter Renaday, Chris Phillips, Michael Sorich, Michael Ralph, Moira Quirk, Dean Scofield, Lisa Raggio, Sam Sako, Tara Jayne Sands, Sean Schemmel, Stephanie Sheh, Keith Silverstein, Patrick Seitz, Nancy Truman, Lloyd Sherr, Mark Silverman, Steve Staley, Hans Schoeber, Gerald White, Cree Summer, W.K. Stratton, Skip Stellrecht, Shane Sweet, Steve Susskind, Fred Tatasciore, Paula Tiso, Adam Wylie, Matthew Wood, Dave Willis, Frank Welker, Lynnanne Zager, David Zyler, Jim Ward, Colette Whitaker, Dave Mallow, April Winchell, Brian Tochi & Ezra Weisz. + += = = Knut Agnred = = = +"Knut" Axel Lennart Agnred (born 29 February 1956 in Johannebergs församling in Gothenburg) is a Swedish singer and comedian. He is known for being a member of Galenskaparna och After Shave. +Life and career. +Knut Agnred is the son of the athlete Lennart Andersson, who adopted the surname Agnred. He was learning electrical engineering after studying at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg. He has also worked caring for elderly people at Kålltorps sjukhem in Gothenburg. He has been a member of the comedy group Galenskaparna och After Shave since it started in 1979. Agnred has written lyrics and music for several songs performed by Galenskaparna och After Shave. +Agnred has worked with Ken Wennerholm and Göran Rudbo in Triple & Touch and released a solo album called "Text & music" in 2004. In March 2009, the death metal band Despite released their first album "In Your Despite". Knut Agnred contributed to the album's first track "Mindplague". + += = = Dieter Birr = = = +Dieter "Maschine" Birr (born 22 March 1944 in Köslin, Pommern) is a German singer, guitarist and composer. He was a longtime member of the rock band Puhdys, which dissolved in 2016. +Life and career. +Dieter Birr was trained as a grinder and at the same time taught himself how to play the guitar. From 1966 to 1972 he studied dance music, music theory and guitar at Musikschule Friedrichshain in East Berlin. Until 1969 he was a member of the bands Telestars, Luniks (including Fritz Puppel), Jupiters and Evgeni-Kantschew-Quintett. In 1969, he became frontman of the Puhdys, which became the most commercially successful rock band in GDR history. Birr composed around 250 songs for the band. He got his nickname "Maschine" after band member Peter Meyer described him as an "eating machine". +In 1974, Birr appeared in a supporting role in the DEFA film "Elective Affinities". +In 1986, Amiga released his first solo album, "Intim", which was not commercially successful. In the meantime, he worked on lyrics for Dunja Rajter and the Wildecker Herzbuben, and others. +In his second solo album, "Maschine", released in 2014, Julia Neigel, Wolfgang Niedecken and Toni Krahl also appeared as duet partners. The album contains some new additions to well-known Puhdys hits from the 1970s, including "Geh zu ihr" and "Wenn ein Mensch lebt". Also in 2014, on his 70th birthday, Birr's autobiography "Maschine – Die Biografie." was released. +In 2016, the third solo album "Neubeginner" was released after the end of the Puhdys. In 2017, he sang together with Romano on the song "Karl May", which appeared on his album "Copyshop". In 2019, he appeared at Lieder auf Banz with Julia Neigel. +Personal life. +Birr lives in Neuenhagen bei Berlin and has been married since 1979 in his second marriage. He has two children. His son Andy Birr is a vocalist, guitarist and drummer of the pop band Bell, Book & Candle. + += = = Odonatoptera = = = +The Odonatoptera are a superorder (sometimes treated as an order) of ancient flying insects. +It includes all kinds of dragonflies, and is placed in the Palaeoptera. +The dragonflies and damselflies are the only living members of this group. It was far more diverse in the late Paleozoic and contained gigantic species, including the griffinflies (or "giant dragonflies") of the order Protodonata. This lineage dates back at least to the Pennsylvanian, not quite 320 million years ago. +It is now clear that giant dragonflies survived to the end of the Permian. + += = = Del Boy = = = +Derek Edward Trotter, more commonly known as Del Boy (born 12 July 1948), is the fictional lead character in the popular BBC sitcom "Only Fools and Horses" and one of the main characters of its prequel, "Rock & Chips". He was played by David Jason in the original series and was portrayed as a teenager by James Buckley in the prequel. Del Boy is often considered one of the greatest comedy characters in British television history and also an iconic character of British culture. In 2001, in a survey conducted by Channel 4, Del Boy was ranked fourth on the 100 Greatest TV Characters list. + += = = Patrick Moore = = = +Sir Patrick Alfred Caldwell-Moore (4 March 1923 – 9 December 2012) was an English astronomer, researcher and television presenter. He is known for his books and his television series "The Sky at Night". He became known as a specialist in Moon observation and for creating the Caldwell catalogue. +He died on 9 December 2012. + += = = Skil Brum = = = +Skil Brum is a mountain in the Karakoram range, in Pakistan. Skil Brum is part of the Baltoro Muztagh subrange. It is the 65th highest mountain in the world. +The first people to reach the top were Fritz Wintersteller and Marcus Schmuck, in 1957. + += = = Eddie Duran = = = +Edward Lozano Duran (September 6, 1925 – November 22, 2019) was an American jazz guitarist. He was born in San Francisco. He recorded often with Vince Guaraldi. He was a member of the Benny Goodman orchestra during the 1970s. +Duran died on November 22, 2019 in Sonoma, California at the age of 94. + += = = Uljana Semjonova = = = +Uļjana Larionovna Semjonova (, born 9 March 1952) is a retired Soviet-Latvian basketball player. +Her height is . Semjonova was the leading women's basketball player in the world in the 1970s and 1980s. She was known for having the largest feet ever in women's basketball. +She mainly played for TTT Riga, which was part of Daugava Voluntary Sports Society. + += = = Quitman County, Mississippi = = = +Quitman County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, 6,176 people lived there. Its county seat is Marks. The county is named after John A. Quitman, Governor of Mississippi from 1835 to 1836 and from 1850 to 1851. +Quitman County is in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. +Kanash became a town in 1925. At the time, its population was around 2,200. + += = = Ham sandwich = = = +The ham sandwich is a popular type of sandwich. The bread could be toasted or fresh. It could also have toppings, like cheese and vegetables like lettuce, tomato, onion or pickle. It could also have mustard and mayo. +The most popular type of ham sandwich is the ham and cheese sandwich. + += = = Montour Falls, New York = = = +Montour Falls is a village in Schuyler County, New York, United States. It had a population of 1,635 at the 2020 census. It gets its name from a waterfall at the end of West Main Street. The name "Montour" comes from Queen Catharine Montour. She was a Native American woman of Seneca Indian heritage who lived at the village in the 18th century. + += = = Natasha Trethewey = = = +Natasha Trethewey (born April 26, 1966) is an American poet and teacher. From 2012 to 2014 she was the poet laureate consultant in poetry for the Library of Congress. In 2012 she was also the poet laureate of the state of Mississippi. +She has written five books of poetry, a memoir, and a work of non-fiction. Her third poetry collection won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 2007. +She was born in Gulfport, Mississippi to an African American mother and a white Canadian father. This fact of coming from parents of different races plays an important part in her writing. After her parents' divorce, she learned that "when she was with her father she could pass for white and be treated more equally than when she was among her mother’s people." + += = = VRChat = = = +VRChat is a virtual reality online game created for Meta, Rift, PCVR, and SteamVR headsets by Graham Gaylor. VRChat was released in beta on Oculus (now Meta) Rift headsets on January 16, 2014. The game was fully released for free early access on February 1, 2017 on Steam. +History. +VRChat started off in beta for a prototype Oculus Rift headset. As the beta was developed and turned into early access it allowed for more platforms such as the Meta Quest headsets. +Trust Ranks. +VRChat allows users to earn trust ranks by spending time on the game, making friends, and making content. You start off as a Visitor when you make a new account but if you merge your account on the website you become a New User. Once you make a few friends you'll become a User. After a while spent making more friends or content, you can become a Known User or you can purchase the VRChat Plus subscription and get an automatic rank boost. Once you've been on VRChat for a while you can become a Trusted User. +Content Building. +VRChat lets its users create content for the game such as avatars or worlds. Using software like Unity or Blender you can make your own worlds and avatars. Recently to help with organization, VRChat added a Creator Companion which lets users add packages and sort their projects. VRChat is known for its many of popular worlds such as The Black Cat, Murder 4, etc. +Body Tracking. +Using third party software VRChat allows PCVR players to use Full-Body Tracking which makes avatars that support it use all of its body parts. On October 27, 2022, VRChat released hand tracking on Meta Quest 2 and Meta Quest Pro headsets. Using the front cameras on the Quest 2 and Quest Pro, it tracks your hands and fingers and utilizes them on avatars that support them and can replace the controllers. +VRChat Plus. +VRChat allows users to purchase a subscription called VRChat Plus (VRC+) which lets users invite other users using custom pictures, have profile pictures and icons by their username, and recently allowed users who have the subscription to make groups, and gives you a higher trust rank or rank boost. You can purchase a month or a year non-renewable subscription for other users but you can only purchase a cancellable renewing month for yourself. +Reception. +Easy Anti-Cheat (EAC) was added on July 25, 2022 to combat malicious mods on PCVR. However, mods such as Avatar Search were also banned. EAC caused many performance issues to VRChat as some mods that helped with performance on PC and banned lots of other non-malicious mods. + += = = Paul Chato = = = +Paul Chato is a Canadian comedian who was head of comedy at CBC in the late 1980s and early 1990s. He also has a film criticism channel on YouTube called “Call Me Chato”. + += = = 2007 NFL season = = = +The 2007 NFL season was the 88th regular season of the National Football League. The season ended with New York Giants defeating the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XLII at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona on February 3, 2008. + += = = Cornufer neckeri = = = +Necker's wrinkled ground frog ("Cornufer neckeri") is a frog. It lives in Papua New Guinea on Bouganville Island and in the Soloman Islands. + += = = United States Patent and Trademark Office = = = +The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is the governmental agency that is responsible for patents and trademarks in the United States. It was created in 1836. The headquarters of the agency in in Washington, D.C. + += = = World Digital Library = = = +The World Digital Library (WDL) is an international digital library. It is operated by UNESCO and the United States Library of Congress. + += = = Second inauguration of William McKinley = = = +The second inauguration of William McKinley as the 25th president of the United States happened on March 4, 1901. The inauguration was the beginning of the second four-year term of William McKinley's second term as president and the only term of Theodore Roosevelt as vice president. McKinley did not finish his second term because he died on September 14, 1901. His vice president, Theodore Roosevelt, would become the next president. +The ceremony happened on the East Front of the United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C. It was the 29th presidential inauguration. This was the first inauguration to be held in the 20th century. +Chief Justice Melville Fuller gave the oath of office to McKinley. + += = = Quadratic function = = = +In algebra, Quadratic function is function that contains an expression where its degree (the highest exponent it has) is 2, which means that it is quadratic (See etymology). Its single-variable standard form isː +formula_1 +When such a function gets plotted on a graph where formula_2, a curve that extends infinitely called a parabola will appear. +Etymology. +The word "quadratic" comes from the Latin word "quadrātum" ("square"). This is because of the presence of a number (which isformula_3 in the standard form) that is the result of squaring its square root (formula_4). + += = = Duff McKagan = = = +Michael Andrew "Duff" McKagan (born February 5, 1964), is an American musician, best known for being the bass player of the hard rock band Guns N' Roses, with whom he achieved worldwide success in the late 1980s and early 1990s. McKagan rejoined the band in 2016, following their induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. +Discography. +Solo albums +with Guns N' Roses +with Neurotic Outsiders +with Ten Minute Warning +with Loaded +with Velvet Revolver +with Walking Papers + += = = Frank Ragnow = = = +Frank Ragnow (born May 17, 1996) is an American football center for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL). + += = = Jeff Okudah = = = +Jeffrey Chidera Okudah (born February 2, 1999) is an American football cornerback for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Ohio State before being chosen by the Lions in the 2020 NFL Draft. + += = = Henry Ruggs = = = +Henry James Ruggs III (born January 24, 1999) is an American football wide receiver who is a free agent. He played college football at Alabama. Ruggs was chosen by the Raiders in the 2020 NFL Draft. During his second season, Ruggs caused a car crash that killed a 23-year-old woman. He was released by the Raiders the same day. + += = = 2022 NFL Draft = = = +The 2022 NFL Draft was the 87th National Football League's yearly draft and was held from April 28–30, 2022, at the Caesars Forum on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. +Player selections. +The following is the breakdown of the 262 players selected by position: +Trades. +In the explanations below, (PD) indicates trades completed prior to the start of the draft (i.e. Pre-Draft), while (D) denotes trades that took place during the 2022 draft. +Round one +Round two +Round three +Round four +Round five +Round six +Round seven +Notes. +Selections removed +References. +Trade references +General references + += = = Travon Walker = = = +Yury Travon Walker (; born December 18, 2000) is an American football outside linebacker for the Jacksonville Jaguars of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Georgia. He was chosen first in the 2022 NFL Draft. + += = = Aidan Hutchinson = = = +Aidan Hutchinson (born August 9, 2000) is an American football defensive end for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Michigan. Hutchinson was chosen second in the 2022 NFL Draft. + += = = BirdLife International = = = +BirdLife International is a global partnership of non-governmental organizations. It works to protect birds and their habitats. BirdLife International wants to stop extinction of bird species. It wants to protect important places for birds. +2.5 million people are members of its 116 country partner organizations. +BirdLife International has identified 13,000 Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas. It is the official International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List authority for birds. +BirdLife International publishes a quarterly magazine, BirdLife: The Magazine. + += = = CNCO = = = +CNCO is a Latin American boy band based in Miami, Florida. The group consists of the members Richard Camacho, Erick Brian Colón, Christopher Vélez and Zabdiel De Jesús. Joel Pimentel, a band member, had departed from the band in May 2021. Their debut and second singles, "Tan Fácil" and "Quisera" charted very well soon after the band's debut. They released their first album, "Reggaetón Lento (Bailemos) in August 2016. + += = = JAO = = = +Jao or JAO may refer to: + += = = Rao (Chinese surname) = = = +Rao () is a Chinese family name. It can also be spelled as "Yow" or "Yaw". + += = = Bacliff, Texas = = = +Bacliff is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Galveston County, Texas, United States. + += = = Bolivar Peninsula, Texas = = = +Bolivar Peninsula is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Galveston County, Texas, United States. + += = = San Leon, Texas = = = +San Leon is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Galveston County, Texas, United States. + += = = Bristol, Texas = = = +Bristol is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Ellis County, Texas, United States. + += = = Samantha Giles = = = +Samantha Elizabeth Giles (born 2 July 1971) is an English actress and author. She is best known for portraying the role of Bernice Blackstock in the ITV soap opera "Emmerdale" (1998–2002, 2004, 2012–2019, 2021–2023). +Giles also portrayed Sally Boothe in the ITV drama series "Where the Heart Is" (2003–2006), and Valerie Holden in the Channel 4 soap opera "Hollyoaks" (2008, 2010). +Personal life. +Giles lives in Liverpool, Merseyside. She has two daughters. + += = = Emma Atkins = = = +Emma Jayne Atkins (born 31 March 1975) is an English actress. She is best known for portraying the role of Charity Dingle in the ITV soap opera "Emmerdale" (2000–2005, 2009–present). + += = = 1927–28 Austrian Cup = = = +The 1927-28 Austrian Cup was the cup competition in Austrian football. Lower league clubs playing against higher league teams had to play on pitches commissioned for higher-class teams. +Third round. +First round with teams from the Second league +Bye:White Star +Round of 32. +First round with teams from the highest league + += = = Johann Walzhofer = = = +Johann Walzhofer (23 March 1906 - 1 March 1970 ) was an Austrian football forward. He played for different clubs in Vienna and the Austrian national football team. After his retirement he was also football coach. +Career. +He started 1922 with Jedlersdorfer SC. In 1926 he went on to Floridsdorfer AC where he played in spring his first match in the highest league. At the beginning of the 1926/27 season he joined SK Rapid but he did not get a chance in the fighting team. So he went on to Wiener AC. 1927/28 he was top scorer of the team. 1928 they reached the Cupfinal. They lost 2-1 to SK Admira Wien. 1929 he went to Wacker Wien where he stayed till 1944. +During his career, Walzhofer was denied a title at club level. With a total of 178 championship goals he is still one of the 20 most successful goalscorers in the history of Austrian football. +National team. +He made his debut for the national team on 6 November 1927 in a 0-1 loss against Italy. After two more games in 1928 there was a longer break. Walzhofer was part of the squad sent to 1934 FIFA World Cup in Italy. He did not play in the tournament The striker played his fifth and last game for Austria on 11 November 1934 against Switzerland. +Manager career. +From January to September 1937, in addition to his playing activities, Walzhofer also worked as a coach at SC Wacker. From 1947 till 1953 he was coach of SK Admira Wien. He was then a coach at SC Gaswerk before retiring from football in 1957. + += = = Paula Quintana = = = +Paula Ximena Quintana Meléndez (26 June 1956 – 6 January 2023) was a Chilean sociologist, academic and politician. She was a professor at the University of Valparaíso. She was a member of the Socialist Party (PS). From 2012 to 2016, she served as a councillor for Valparaíso. She was under president Michelle Bachelet from 2008 to 2010. Quintana was born in Valparaíso +Quintana died following a long illness on 6 January 2023 in Valparaíso. She was 66. + += = = Franz Cisar = = = +Franz Cisar (28 November 1908 – 10 August 1943) was an Austrian football defender. +Club career. +Franz Cisar began his career with Hertha in the second division. In 1927 they were promoted to the first division. In spring 1929 he went to FK Austria Wien. Soon he went on to Wiener AC. In 1931 they won the Austrian Cup. In the 1931 Mitropa Cup the club reached the final. +In 1935 he went abroad. He first played for Moravská Slavia Brno for a season before moving to FC Metz in France. In 1937 he returned again to Czechoslovakia and played for SK Prostějov. +International career. +Franz Cisar made his national team debut on 1 October 1933 in a 2-2 draw against Hungary. He was part of the Austrian team in 1934 FIFA World Cup. The 2-3 loss in the tournament on 7 June 1934 versus Germany was his last match for the team. +Death. +He was killed in action in Russia in the World War II in August 1943, aged 34. + += = = Achraf Hakimi = = = +Achraf Hakimi Mouh (; born 4 November 1998) is a Moroccan-Spanish football player. He plays as a right-back for Paris Saint-Germain and the Morocco national team. +Honours. +Real Madrid Castilla +Real Madrid +Borussia Dortmund +Inter Milan +Paris Saint-Germain +Individual +Orders + += = = Lebrija = = = +Lebrija is a municipality of 27,665 people (2022). It is in the province of Seville in the autonomous community of Andalusia in south Spain. Its area is 372 km2, which makes it one of the largest municipalities in the province. + += = = Ageville = = = +Ageville is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Haute-Marne department in northeast France. + += = = Hon-Hergies = = = +Hon-Hergies is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 867 people lived there. + += = = David Penington = = = +David Geoffrey Penington (4 February 1930 – 6 January 2023) was an Australian medical doctor and academic. He was born in Melbourne, Victoria. He was a graduate of the University of Melbourne and University of Oxford. Penington served as vice-chancellor of the University of Melbourne from 1988 to 1995. +Penington died on 6 January 2023, at the age of 92. + += = = Kai Havertz = = = +Kai Lukas Havertz (born 11 June 1999) is a German football player. He plays as an attacking midfielder or forward for Arsenal and the Germany national team. +Honours. +Bayer Leverkusen +Chelsea +Arsenal +Individual + += = = Orta San Giulio = = = +Orta San Giulio is a "comune" in the Province of Novara in the Piedmont region in Italy. +The town itself is built on a promontory which sticks out from the eastern bank of Lake Orta close to Isola San Giulio. It is well known for the nearby Sacro Monte, a site of pilgrimage and worship. In 2003, the Sacro Monte of Orta was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List. + += = = Saint-Maurice-sur-Moselle = = = +Saint-Maurice-sur-Moselle is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Vosges department in northeast France. + += = = Macadam = = = +Macadam is a type of road making. It was invented by the Scottish engineer John Loudon McAdam, about 1820. +He put crushed stone in shallow, convex layers and compacted thoroughly (squashed it down). Sometimes a layer of stone dust was covered with a cement or bitumin. This keeps the dust and stones together. +Macadam's ideas were built on the ideas of some earlier road engineers, like Trésaguet and Thomas Telford. +The Romans had not used a binding substance like bitumen. Their roads were nevertheless quite long-lasting. + += = = Mario Artali = = = +Mario Artali (18 November 1938 – 1 January 2023) was an Italian businessman and politician. He was born in Bologna. He was a member of the Socialist Party (PSI). From 1972 to 1976, he served in the Chamber of Deputies. +Artali died on 1 January 2023 in Milan. He was 84. + += = = Utrera = = = +Utrera is a municipality of 51,402 people (2022). It is in the province of Seville in the autonomous community of Andalusia in south Spain. + += = = Giorgio Tombesi = = = +Giorgio Tombesi (22 March 1926 – 3 January 2023) was an Italian politician. He was born in Udine. He was a member of the Christian Democracy (DC) party. From 1976 to 1983, he served in the Chamber of Deputies. +Tombesi died on 3 January 2023 in Trieste. He was 96. + += = = Amorebieta-Etxano = = = +Amorebieta-Etxano, also known as Zornotza (Spanish: "Amorebieta-Echano"), is a town and municipality in Biscay in the Basque Country, an autonomous community in northern Spain. +In 2021, 19,576 people lived there. The mayor is Andoni Agirrebeitia. + += = = Hondeghem = = = +Hondeghem is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 934 people lived there. + += = = Cheb = = = +Cheb () is a town in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It is the capital of the Cheb District. About 30,000 people live there. It is on the river Ohře. + += = = Gladstone, Queensland = = = +Gladstone is a port city in Queensland, Australia. It is about 500 km northwest of the state capital Brisbane, and about 100 km southeast of Rockhampton. In 2021, 34,703 people lived there. Gladstone is home to Queensland's largest multi-cargo shipping port, the Port of Gladstone. + += = = Hondschoote = = = +Hondschoote is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 4,060 people lived there. + += = = Brigittenauer AC = = = +Brigittenauer AC (full name "1. Brigittenauer Athletiksport Club", often just called "BAC") was a football club from Vienna. +History. +The club was formed on 27 August 1925 from the merger of the former second division club SC Donaustadt (founded 1905) and the relegated FC Ostmark Wien (founded 1910). The greatest successes was the second place in 1927 in the first season after promotion and reaching the cup final in 1933. In this year the club was last relegated from the first division. BAC played five seasons in the top division under this name. The most famous players were Karl Adamek and Heinrich Hiltl. +After being relegated to the second division in 1938 the club lost his importance. In 1972 and 1974 there were mergers with SC Rasenspieler Höchstädt to form Brigittenauer AC-Hochstädt and with SV Helios Brigittenau to form Brigittenauer AC. In 1974 the name was changed to 1. Brigittenauer SC. In 1993 there was a game association with the SKV Feuerwehr in the fourth-rate Vienna city league to form the Brigittenauer SC Feuerwehr. After dissolution the following year the club was now called Brigittenauer SC. In 2009 there was a final merger with ISS Admira Landhaus and the name Brigittenau dissappeared. + += = = Hello Again (The Cars song) = = = +"Hello Again" is a song performed by the rock band The Cars. It was released on the 1984 album "Heartbeat City". It was the album's fourth Top 20 hit, reaching number 20 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart; it also reached number 8 on the Dance Music/Club Play Singles chart and number 22 on the Mainstream Rock chart. +Music video. +The song's music video was directed by Andy Warhol, who also appeared in the video as did a then-unknown Gina Gershon. Keyboardist Greg Hawkes said "I think [Warhol] mainly did some of the conceptualizing and showed up to be an extra. And he invited his various friends to be in it. It was like any video shoot, but with a more interesting cast of characters. And you could always look over on the set and go 'Hey that's Andy Warhol.'" +The music video explored the controversial issues of sex and violence (mostly the former) being featured in music and at the time. +Reception. +"Hello Again" was described as "eccentric" by AllMusic critic Greg Prato, who also cited the track as a highlight from the "Heartbeat City" album. Donald Guarisco, also of AllMusic, said, "One of their strongest tracks [on "Heartbeat City" with experimental roots] was 'Hello Again,' a stylish new wave rocker with plenty of experimental touches." Guarisco also said it "is a song that represents the Cars striking a unique balance between their gift for pop hooks and their love of experimental sounds." +In his review of the "Greatest Hits" compilation album, Greg Prato felt that "Hello Again" should have appeared, stating "why was the title track from "Heartbeat City" (an unsuccessful single) included instead of the 1984 Top 20 hit 'Hello Again'?" + += = = Why Can't I Have You = = = +"Why Can't I Have You" is a song by the American new wave band The Cars. The song, written by Ric Ocasek, appeared on the band's fifth studio album "Heartbeat City". The song is a lush ballad. +Release. +"Why Can't I Have You" was first released on the "Heartbeat City" album in 1984. However, in January 1985, the song was released as a single in the US, UK and Germany, making it the fifth single from "Heartbeat City" (the previous singles being "You Might Think," "Magic," "Drive," and "Hello Again.") Although it did not reach the Top 20 on the Billboard Hot 100 like its four predecessors, the song managed to peak at number 33 in the US charts, as well as #11 on the Mainstream Rock chart. The song was the last single from "Heartbeat City" to be released in the United States; in Britain, however, a sixth single, "Heartbeat City," was released after "Why Can't I Have You." + += = = Tonight She Comes = = = +"Tonight She Comes" is a 1985 song by The Cars, from their "Greatest Hits" album. It was released as a single in October 1985, reaching number 7 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. It also reached number 1 on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, where it stayed for three weeks. It was The Cars' fourth and (as of 2010) last Top 40 hit. +Composition. +It is a simple, diatonic pop rock song in F major, featuring a hard rock-style guitar solo by Cars guitarist Elliot Easton. +The solo was transcribed by Steve Vai in the February 1986 issue of "Guitar Player" magazine, as the centrepiece of an interview with Easton. In the interview, Easton described the custom-built Kramer guitar used for the solo, saying that the reason the solo was "so dense" was due to the four weeks he spent recording the single, giving Easton long enough to compose it. +The song's title is another Ric Ocasek double entendre, though, as Elliot Easton put it, "it doesn't actually say that she reaches orgasm. It could mean that tonight she's coming over to make popcorn." +Release and reception. +"Tonight She Comes" was The Cars' fourth Top 10 hit. It was the first of two songs to be released as a single from their "Greatest Hits" album; a remixed version of "I'm Not the One", previously recorded in 1981 for the "Shake It Up" album, was the second. +AllMusic critic Greg Prato, in his review for "Greatest Hits" described the track as "playful", while Tim Sendra, also from AllMusic, said in his review of "The Essentials" that the song (among the others on that album), was "definitely essential". Critic Donald Guarisco said that the song "is one of their most straightforward pop outings and shows just how far they had moved from the acidic mindset of 'Just What I Needed' and "Let's Go. He went on to say that the track was "a delightful, pristine pop confection". + += = = I'm Not the One = = = +"I'm Not the One" is a song by the American rock band The Cars, from their fourth album, "Shake It Up". It features Ric Ocasek on lead vocals, Benjamin Orr singing the phrase "you know why", with the entire group repeating "going round and round" as backing vocals throughout the song. +Overview. +"I'm Not the One" first appeared in 1981 on "Shake It Up". It was not charting at the time, but was included on the band's 1985 "Greatest Hits" album. The song was remixed on the "Greatest Hits" album, emphasizing the drum track with additional reverb. It was then released as a single in 1986, following "Tonight She Comes", also from the "Greatest Hits" album. "I'm Not the One" debuted on the "Billboard" Top 40 chart on March 8, 1986 and peaked at number 32. +AllMusic reviewer Donald A. Guarisco described "I'm Not the One" as one of "Shake It Up" "strongest and most memorable tunes", commenting that its sound still sounded fresh on its 1986 re-release, five years after its first appearance on "Shake It Up". +In 2005, the album "" was released on Not Lame Recordings, which featured a cover of Gigolo Aunts single "I'm Not The One. +Composition. +The song's intro and choruses are in the key of B minor. The intro features two layered synthesizer parts, one derived from Ric Ocasek's vocal melody and the other a supporting countermelody in a softer key. The intro/chorus begins with a chord progression of B minor, F♯ minor, E minor, and A major, but is immediately followed by in inversion, F♯ minor to B minor, retaining the E minor to A major movement. After another "reversed" repeat, the E minor to A functions as a ii-V-I turnaround in the key's relative major of D. +The D verses are not unlike The Beatles' song "Dear Prudence". The official sheet music folio lists the chord progression as D, to D/C, to D/B (enharmonic to a B minor seventh chord), to D/B♭ (enharmonic to a B♭ augmented major seventh chord), and video exists of Ocasek performing the song, solo on acoustic guitar, according to this progression. However, other transcriptionists describe the chord progression as D to D/C, to G/B, to Gm/B♭, which is identical to the verses of "Dear Prudence". Either way, the last chord of the verse is a G minor sixth chord, transitioning to the chorus in B minor. Each verse is introduced with a guitar melody by Elliot Easton, who layers several clean-tone guitar parts over the synthesizer-dominated arrangement. There is also a horn-like synth solo by Greg Hawkes, played over the chorus progression. + += = = Orval Faubus = = = +Orval Eugene Faubus ( ; January 7, 1910 – December 14, 1994) was an American politician. He was the 36th Governor of Arkansas from 1955 to 1967. Faubus was a member of the Democratic Party. +In 1957, he refused to comply with the decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in the 1954 case "Brown v. Board of Education". He told the Arkansas National Guard to prevent black students from going to Little Rock Central High School. This event became known as the Little Rock Crisis. + += = = Saint-Aubert, Nord = = = +Saint-Aubert is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,565 people lived there. + += = = Honnechy = = = +Honnechy is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 561 people lived there. + += = = Honnecourt-sur-Escaut = = = +Honnecourt-sur-Escaut is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 760 people lived there. + += = = Benicia, California = = = +Benicia is a city in Solano County, California. It is in the San Francisco Bay Area. 27,131 people lived here at the 2020 United States Census. The city is along the north bank of the Carquinez Strait. Benicia is just east of Vallejo and across the strait from Martinez. + += = = You Are the Girl = = = +"You Are the Girl" is a 1987 song by The Cars, from their album "Door to Door". It was released as a single in August 1987, reaching number 17 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. +It also reached number 2 on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart and number 12 on the Adult Contemporary chart. +It was the thirteenth and (as of 2010) last Top 40 hit for The Cars. +Details. +Rhythm guitarist and primary songwriter Ric Ocasek shares lead vocals with bassist Benjamin Orr on "You Are the Girl". Both singers had recently hit the Top 40 with solo hits, Ocasek with 1986's "Emotion in Motion" and Orr with 1987's "Stay the Night". +The song was recorded during sessions for the band's last studio album, 1987's "Door to Door", during a time of personal conflict between the band members. +Following the album's release, there was public speculation that the band was breaking up, and within a year The Cars announced that they had disbanded. +"You Are the Girl" was The Cars' last Top 40 hit, although two more singles released from "Door to Door" reached the Top 100: 1987's "Strap Me In" (number 85) and 1988's "Coming Up You" (number 74). + += = = Hornaing = = = +Hornaing is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 3,562 people lived there. + += = = Houdain-lez-Bavay = = = +Houdain-lez-Bavay is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 886 people lived there. + += = = Houtkerque = = = +Houtkerque (; from ) is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 984 people lived there. + += = = Strap Me In = = = +"Strap Me In" is a 1987 song by The Cars, appearing on their sixth studio album "Door to Door". +Music video. +Like its predecessor, "You Are the Girl", a music video was produced for "Strap Me In". The video showed the band playing in a barren wasteland while a couple fought. It was also the final video the Cars made before they broke up, with the next video being made for "Sad Song" in 2011. +Release and reception. +"Strap Me In" was first released on the "Door to Door" album in August 1987, opening the second side of the album. In September 1987, "Strap Me In" also saw a single release in America (as well as in Japan, Germany, and Australia) as the follow-up to the top-twenty single "You Are the Girl." However, it failed to reach the chart success of its predecessor, only managing to peak at number 85 on the Billboard Hot 100, although it peaked at number 4 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart. A follow-up single, "Coming Up You" performed marginally better, peaking at number 74 in the US. +"Strap Me In" was mentioned in the "" liner notes as the "standout track" from "Door to Door", which also said, "'Strap Me In' proved that [Ric] Ocasek could still turn an automotive double-entendre with the best of them." + += = = Hoymille = = = +Hoymille is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 3,194 people lived there. + += = = Lallaing = = = +Lallaing is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 6,364 people lived there. + += = = Coming Up You = = = +"Coming Up You" is a 1987 song by The Cars, appearing on their sixth studio album "Door to Door". It was written by Ric Ocasek and sung by Benjamin Orr. +Release. +"Coming Up You" was first released as the eighth track on "Door to Door" in August 1987. The song later saw a single release in the US and Australia, backed by the "Door to Door" track "Double Trouble." The third single from "Door to Door" (after the top twenty hit "You Are the Girl" and its less successful follow-up "Strap Me In,"), the song peaked at number 74 on the Billboard Hot 100 (a slight improvement from the performance of "Strap Me In") and number 37 on the Adult Contemporary Chart. Unlike its predecessors, however, it failed to chart at all on the Mainstream Rock chart. +The single was the last Cars single released before the band broke up in 1988 (although it was followed by "Sad Song" when the band reunited in 2011.) +Reception. +"AllMusic" critic Mike DeGagne called the track the "most melodious tune [on "Door to Door"]" and went on to say it "was easily one of The Cars most distinct efforts since it doesn’t quite carry the same new wave/pop rock structure as the rest of their material yet relinquishes the same type of Cars charm." DeGagne continued, "'Coming Up You' is one of [the] bright spots in an otherwise faltering release as fans were still comparing "Door To Door" to the success of 1984's "Heartbeat City" album. After all of the tracks are heard on "Door To Door", 'Coming Up You' easily rises above the rest of the album’s lackluster fair, mainly because [Ben] Orr seems to sound more enthused and more interested than [Ric] Ocasek does on any of his songs." + += = = Landas = = = +Landas is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,392 people lived there. + += = = Sad Song (The Cars song) = = = +"Sad Song" is the lead single by the American rock band The Cars from their 2011 studio album "Move Like This". A short clip of the song was released in December 2010; the full song was released to radio on March 1, 2011. +Details. +"Exclaim!" magazine comments on the song saying "[d]espite the title and lyrics, it doesn't sound particularly sad, as it contains a cheery beat and a catchy mix of synths and guitars". Critics have noted the similarity of "Sad Song" to the band's previous singles, such as 1978's "My Best Friend's Girl" and 1979's "Let's Go". +"Sad Song" peaked at number 25 on the Billboard Rock Charts. + += = = Aurélien Tchouaméni = = = +Aurélien Djani Tchouaméni (born 27 January 2000) is a French football player. He plays as a defensive midfielder for Real Madrid and the France national team. + += = = Larouillies = = = +Larouillies is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 249 people lived there. + += = = Lauwin-Planque = = = +Lauwin-Planque is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,621 people lived there. + += = = São João de Meriti = = = +São João de Meriti is an Brazilian city in the state of Rio de Janeiro. 472,906 people lived here in 2020 and its area is 34.838 km2. + += = = Sofyan Amrabat = = = +Sofyan Amrabat (; ; born 21 August 1996) is a Moroccan-Dutch football player. He plays as a defensive midfielder for Premier League club Manchester United, on loan from Serie A club Fiorentina. Born in the Netherlands, he plays for the Morocco national team. +Honours. +Feyenoord +Club Brugge +Fiorentina +Individual +Orders + += = = Dos Hermanas = = = +Dos Hermanas is a municipality of 137,561 people (2022). It is in the province of Seville in the autonomous community of Andalusia in south Spain. + += = = Lécluse = = = +Lécluse is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,372 people lived there. + += = = Lederzeele = = = +Lederzeele is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 683 people lived there. + += = = Chalindrey = = = +Chalindrey is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Haute-Marne department in northeast France. + += = = Lesquin = = = +Lesquin is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 9,012 people lived there. + += = = Écija = = = +Écija is a municipality of 39,743 people (2022). It is in the province of Seville in the autonomous community of Andalusia in south Spain. + += = = Kinja Dixon = = = +Kinja Dixon (born 1978) is a professional speaker, screenwriter and writer. He lives in Brooklyn, New York City. +Early life and professional career. +Dixon is a former U.S. Air Force member in 1996. +In 2013, Dixon received both the Gold Stevie Award and the American Resort Development Association Award (ARDA). + += = = Trina = = = +Katrina Laverne Taylor (born on December 3, 1978), professionally known as Trina, is an American rapper. She rose to fame in 1998. This is because of her appearance on the Trick Daddy single, "Nann Nigga". +Trina has been described as XXL by "the most consistent female rapper of all time". In 2013, Complex has ranked her single "Pull Over" on number 27 on their Top 50 Best Rap Songs by Women. In 2014, she has been included in Billboard's list of the "31 Female Rappers Who Changed Hip-Hop." + += = = Cornufer gilliardi = = = +Gilliard's wrinkled ground frog ("Cornufer gilliardi") is a frog. It lives in Papua New Guinea on the island of New Britain in the Bismarck Archipelago. People have seen it about 1500 meters above sea level. + += = = Bam Bam (Camila Cabello song) = = = +"Bam Bam" is a Latin pop song by Cuban-American singer Camila Cabello. It also features vocals from British singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran. It is from Cabello's third studio album, Familia. This marks the second collaboration between the two. Because of this, it follows the earlier single, South of the Border (which also featured Dominican-American rapper Cardi B). +"Bam Bam" reached number five on the Billboard Global 200. Because of this, it makes it Cabello's highest peak since the chart's creation in 2020. This song also reached number twenty-one on the Billboard Hot 100. It also peaked on the top 10 in 15 countries. +"Bam Bam" had positive reviews from critics. Official Charts Company reviewed the song prior the the release of the song "a break up bop" and dubbed the track as "a song of acceptance, hope and happiness". Vulture called it "a bona fide breakup bop". + += = = Good Form (song) = = = +"Good Form" is a bounce/trap/hip hop song by Trinidadian-American rapper Nicki Minaj. It was released on August 10, 2018. It is from her fourth studio album, "Queen". There was a remixed version that featured American rapper Lil Wayne. That remix was released on November 29, 2018. It peaked at number 60 on the Billboard Hot 100. It was written by Nicki Minaj and Mike Will Made It and Plush. +A music video for the song was released on November 29, 2018. It was directed by Colin Tilley. It features Nicki Minaj and Lil Wayne, along with others. + += = = Prose poem = = = +A prose poem is a kind of lyric poetry that uses sentences and paragraphs, not the usual lines and stanzas of an ordinary poem. It is usually short. +The language within the paragraph may have some qualities of ordinary poetry, such as figures of speech, repetitions, rhythm, and even rhyme. Often a prose poem will contain dream-like thoughts or ideas that do not seem to be rational. Emotions may be only hinted at or quickly cut off. +The term "prose poem" is an oxymoron because "poetry" is often defined as language that is "not prose." +Prose poetry probably began in Asia, in 17th century Japan with the work of Matsua Bashō. He created a form called haibun that combined haiku with prose. But in Europe it first appeared in France and Germany in the 19th century. The earliest in France was "Gaspard de la nuit" (1842) by Louis Bertrand. The most famous example may be Charles Baudelaire’s "Petits Poèmes en prose", or "Le Spleen de Paris". + += = = Murad III = = = +Murad III (; ; 4 July 1546 – 16 January 1595) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1574 until his death in 1595. His rule saw battles with the Habsburgs and exhausting wars with the Safavids. The long-independent Morocco was at a time made a vassal of the empire but they would regain independence in 1582. His reign also saw the empire's expanding influence on the eastern coast of Africa. However, the empire would be beset by increasing corruption and inflation from the New World which led to unrest among the Janissary and commoners. Relations with Elizabethan England were cemented during his reign as both had a common enemy in the Spanish. He was a great patron in the arts where he commissioned the "Siyer-i-Peygamber" depicting the life of the prophet Muhammad and other illustrated manuscripts. He fought many battles with against the Holy Roman Empire trying to capture more fortresses in Hungary and leading raids into Croatia. + += = = Jim McGovern (American politician) = = = +James Patrick McGovern (born November 20, 1959) is an American politician. He is a member of the United States House of Representatives, representing since 1997. He is the senior member of the House Rules Committee. McGovern is the chair of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China as well as the co-chair of the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission. He is a member of the Democratic Party. +The district was numbered as the 3rd district from 1997 to 2013. It includes the area from Worcester to the Pioneer Valley. + += = = Signs (band) = = = +Signs is an American reggaeton duo. The group is from Springfield, Massachusetts. Signs began as a trio and became a duo with members Yarimar Huertas and Yalixia Figueroa. + += = = José Miguel Class = = = +José Miguel Class Ponce (September 26, 1935 – April 13, 2017) was a Puerto Rican singer. He was well known during the 1960s and 1970s. +Biography. +Class was famous in Puerto Rico in the 1960s before he moved to Mexico. In Mexico, he had a large amount of success. while living there, he released many Mexican albums. He became well known across Central America, South America and the rest of the Caribbean. +When Class returned to Puerto Rico in the '70s, he got a weekly television series in Rafael Perez Perry's Channel 11. On it, he co-hosted with Awilda (Awilda La Mimosa) Pedrosa. His Mexican accent was noticeable during the series. He kept the Mexican accent for a very long time. His catchphrase was "Yo soy el Gallo!" ("I am the Rooster!") He retired to Manati. He released over 20 albums. +Death. +Class died on the morning of April 13, 2017 after a long illness. He was 81 years old when he died at Auxilio Mutuo Hospital in Hato Rey, Puerto Rico. + += = = John Besh = = = +John Besh (born May 14, 1968) is an American chef, TV personality, philanthropist, restaurateur and author. He is known for his efforts in preserving the culinary heritage of New Orleans cuisine. + += = = Yuri (Mexican singer) = = = +Yuridia Valenzuela Canseco better known as Yuri (born 6 January 1964) is a Mexican singer and actress. + += = = Massachusetts's 1st congressional district = = = +Massachusetts's 1st congressional district is a United States congressional district in the western and central part of Massachusetts. It is the state's largest congressional district by area. It is about one-third of the state and is more rural than other districts. The district includes the cities of Springfield, West Springfield, Pittsfield, Holyoke, Agawam, Chicopee and Westfield. + += = = Edward Boland = = = +Edward Patrick Boland (October 1, 1911 – November 4, 2001) was an American politician from Massachusetts. He was a Democrat. Boland was a representative from Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district. + += = = John Olver = = = +John Walter Olver (born September 3, 1936) is an American politician. He was the U.S. representative for Massachusetts's 1st congressional district from 1991 to 2013. Olver grew up on a farm in Pennsylvania. He graduated from college at the age of 18. After college, Olver earned a Ph.D. in chemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He taught chemistry at the University of Massachusetts Amherst for eight years. +He served in both chambers of the Massachusetts General Court. He was elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1968 and the Massachusetts Senate in 1972. Olver announced that he would not seek re-election in 2012. He retired at the end of his eleventh term in Congress. + += = = Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district = = = +Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district is in central Massachusetts. It contains the cities of Worcester, which is the second-largest city in New England after Boston, and Northampton in the Pioneer Valley. It is represented by Democrat Jim McGovern. + += = = Ahiwara = = = +Ahiwara is a town and a nagar palika in Durg district in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. + += = = Leticia Perdigón = = = +Guadalupe Leticia Perdigón Labrador (born August 7, 1956 in Mexico City, Mexico) is a Mexican actress. + += = = Lorena Herrera = = = +Lorena Herrera de la Vega better known as Lorena Herrera (born February 18, 1967 in Mazatlán, Sinaloa) is a Mexican actress, singer, and model. + += = = Eugenia León = = = +Eugenia León (born June 7, 1956) is a Mexican singer. + += = = Noelia = = = +Noelia Lorenzo Monge (born August 31, 1979) or simply known as Noelia is a Puerto Rican singer, daughter of Yolandita Monge. + += = = Manoella Torres = = = +Manoella Torres (born April 21, 1954) is an American-born Mexican singer of Puerto Rican descent. + += = = Marisela = = = +Marisela Esqueda Hernández (born April 24, 1966) better known as Marisela is an American singer of Mexican descent. + += = = Isaura Espinoza = = = +Isaura Espinoza (born August 25, 1956 in Piedras Negras, Coahuila) is a Mexican actress. + += = = Maritza Olivares = = = +Nidia Maritza Olivares (born 1956 in Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas) is a Mexican actress. + += = = Amparo Grisales = = = +Amparo Grisales (born September 19, 1956) is a Colombian actress. + += = = Isabel Pantoja = = = +Isabel Pantoja (born August 2, 1956) is a Spanish singer. + += = = Pati Jinich = = = +Patricia Jinich (/ˈhinitʃ/ born Patricia Drijanski, March 30, 1972) is a Mexican chef, TV personality, cookbook author, educator, and food writer. She is best known for her James Beard Award-winning and Emmy-nominated public television series Pati's Mexican Table. Her first cookbook, also Pati's Mexican Table, was published in March 2013, her second cookbook, Mexican Today, was published in April 2016, and her third cookbook, Treasures of the Mexican Table, was published in November 2021. + += = = 2022 San Francisco 49ers season = = = +The 2022 season is the San Francisco 49ers' 73rd in the National Football League (NFL), their 77th overall, and their sixth under head coach Kyle Shanahan. + += = = 1933 Western Australian secession referendum = = = +A secession referendum was held on 8 April 1933 in the Australian state of Western Australia. It said that the state withdraw from the Australian Federation. The proposal won a majority of the votes. However, the British Parliament did not allow it.. + += = = 2001 Cincinnati Bengals season = = = +The 2001 Cincinnati Bengals season was the franchise’s 34th year in professional football and its 32nd with the National Football League. + += = = 2001 New York Jets season = = = +The 2001 New York Jets season was the franchise's 32nd season in the National Football League (NFL), the 42nd season overall, and the first under new head coach Herman Edwards. + += = = 2001 St. Louis Rams season = = = +The 2001 season was the St. Louis Rams' 65th in the National Football League (NFL), their seventh in St. Louis and their second under head coach Mike Martz. + += = = 2017 All-Pro Team = = = +The 2017 All-Pro Team is the National Football League players that were selected to the Associated Press, Pro Football Writers Association and Sporting News All-Pro Teams in 2017. Some players are First-Team and some are Second-Team. First-Team has better players. +Position differences. +PFWA did not separate the tackles and guards into more specific positions as the AP did. + += = = 2016 All-Pro Team = = = +The 2016 All-Pro Team is the National Football League players that were selected to the Associated Press, Pro Football Writers Association and Sporting News All-Pro Teams in 2016. Some players are First-Team and some are Second-Team. First-Team has better players. +Position differences. +PFWA and SN did not separate the tackles and guards into more specific positions as the AP did. + += = = 2005 All-Pro Team = = = +The 2005 All-Pro Team is the National Football League players that were selected to the Associated Press, Pro Football Writers Association and Sporting News All-Pro Teams in 2005. Some players are First-Team and some are Second-Team. First-Team has better players. + += = = 2021 All-Pro Team = = = +The 2021 All-Pro Team is the National Football League players that were selected to the Associated Press, Pro Football Writers Association and Sporting News All-Pro Teams in 2021. Some players are First-Team and some are Second-Team. First-Team has better players. +Position differences. +PFWA and SN do not separate the tackles and guards into more specific positions as the AP does. Additionally, PWFA and SN formally select defensive ends as opposed to edge rushers, while PFWA selects outside linebackers separately from middle linebackers. + += = = 2020 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season = = = +The 2020 season was the Tampa Bay Buccaneers' 45th in the National Football League (NFL) and their second under head coach Bruce Arians. + += = = 2019 New England Patriots season = = = +The 2019 season was the New England Patriots' 50th in the National Football League (NFL), their 60th total and their 20th under head coach Bill Belichick. + += = = Brutalist architecture = = = +Brutalist architecture is a way of designing buildings. It uses bare building materials, and large block-like shapes, without much decoration. Some features are lots of uncovered concrete, rough surfaces, angular geometric shapes, heavy-looking walls, small windows, and mostly gray and brown colors. +An important idea is that "form follows function". In other words, when people look at the design, they should see the purpose. This is like other modernist architecture. However, structural and functional parts, such as columns, beams, and even pipes, are also important in Brutalism. These functional parts should be easy to see and stand out. Another idea is that each material should naturally look like itself. Brick should look like brick, glass should look like glass, and so on. +Brutalism was popular from the 1950s to the 1980s. The name comes from the French term "béton brut", which means "raw concrete". The French-Swiss architect Le Corbusier was one of the most important Brutalists. + += = = Valledupar = = = +Valledupar is a city in Colombia. It is the capital of Cesar Department. + += = = Enzo Fernández = = = +Enzo Jeremías Fernández (born 17 January 2001) is an Argentine football player. He plays as a central midfielder for Chelsea F.C. and the Argentina national team. + += = = Mauá = = = +Mauá is an Brazilian city in the state of São Paulo. 477,552 people lived here in 2020 and its area is 62.293 km2. + += = = Lewarde = = = +Lewarde is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,430 people lived there. + += = = Lez-Fontaine = = = +Lez-Fontaine is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 225 people lived there. + += = = Lezennes = = = +Lezennes is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 3,050 people lived there. + += = = Lieu-Saint-Amand = = = +Lieu-Saint-Amand is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,426 people lived there. + += = = Ligny-en-Cambrésis = = = +Ligny-en-Cambrésis is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,916 people lived there. + += = = Raismes = = = +Raismes is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 12,324 people lived there. +Raismes is known for hosting the annual rock music festival "Raismesfest". + += = = Renescure = = = +Renescure is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,120 people lived there. + += = = Rumilly-en-Cambrésis = = = +Rumilly-en-Cambrésis is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,436 people lived there. + += = = Saint-Saulve = = = +Saint-Saulve is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 11,276 people lived there. + += = = Mastaing = = = +Mastaing is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 881 people lived there. + += = = Limont-Fontaine = = = +Limont-Fontaine is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 550 people lived there. + += = = Locquignol = = = +Locquignol is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 326 people lived there. + += = = Loffre = = = +Loffre is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 714 people lived there. + += = = Serra, Espírito Santo = = = +Serra is an Brazilian city in the state of Espírito Santo. To the north, it borders the state's capital Vitória. 527,240 people lived here in 2020 and its area is 553 km2. + += = = Lompret = = = +Lompret is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,230 people lived there. + += = = Hasel, Germany = = = +Hasel is a municipality in Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. + += = = Osterbruch = = = +Osterbruch is a municipality in Cuxhaven in Lower Saxony in Germany. + += = = Bad Girls (TV series) = = = +Bad Girls is a British television drama series. It was broadcast on ITV from 1 June 1999 until 20 December 2006. It was created by Maureen Chadwick and Ann McManus of Shed Productions, who started the idea of making a series about the inmates and staff of the fictional women's prison, Larkhall, located in the South London region. + += = = Wiener Sport-Club Platz = = = +The Wiener Sport-Club Platz is the home of the Viennese football club Wiener Sport-Club. The stadium was built in 1904. It is located in the Dornbach district. It is the oldest soccer field in Austria that is still used. The stadium has a capacity of 7,828 spectators. The opening match took place on 16 October 1904, the Wiener Sportvereinigung defeated Ödenburg 7:3. +The northern stand of the stadium is known as the "Friedhofstribune" because it faces the Dornbacher Friedhof. This standing room sector is mainly used by the fan clubs of the Wiener Sport-Club. The Wiener Sport-Club Platz is one of the stadiums in Austria most in need of renovation. In October 2018, the Vienna City Council finally decided to support the renovation measures in the amount of 6.25 million euros. The capacity after the conversion should be 6,000 spectators. + += = = La Longueville = = = +La Longueville is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,082 people lived there. + += = = Aleksey Slapovsky = = = +Aleksey Ivanovich Slapovsky (; 29 July 1957 – 8 January 2023) was a Russian writer. He was a novelist, playwright and screenwriter. He was born in Saratov Oblast. He has been nominated a few times for the Russian Booker Prize. In the 1990s, he worked at the magazine "Volga". +Slapovsky died of pneumonia on 8 January 2023 in Moscow. He was 65. + += = = Lourches = = = +Lourches is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 3,952 people lived there. + += = = Louvignies-Quesnoy = = = +Louvignies-Quesnoy is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 931 people lived there. + += = = Louvil = = = +Louvil is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 869 people lived there. + += = = Louvroil = = = +Louvroil is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 6,371 people lived there. + += = = Lynde = = = +Lynde is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 775 people lived there. + += = = Lys-lez-Lannoy = = = +Lys-lez-Lannoy is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 13,643 people lived there. + += = = Maing = = = +Maing is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 4,066 people lived there. + += = = Geldern = = = +Geldern is a town in Kleve in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is part of the Düsseldorf Government Region. + += = = Mairieux = = = +Mairieux is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 711 people lived there. + += = = Le Maisnil = = = +Le Maisnil is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 639 people lived there. + += = = Malincourt = = = +Malincourt is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 489 people lived there. + += = = Marchiennes = = = +Marchiennes is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 4,584 people lived there. + += = = Marcoing = = = +Marcoing is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,900 people lived there. + += = = Northwest Caucasian languages = = = +Northwest Caucasian is a language family. The Northwest Caucasian languages are Abaza, Abkhaz, Adyghe, Kabardian, and the extinct Ubykh. + += = = Abaza language = = = +Abaza is a Northwest Caucasian language. About 50,000 people speak Abaza. Abaza is closely related to Abkhaz. + += = = Bill Campbell (baseball) = = = +William Richard Campbell was an American baseball player who played as a pitcher in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1973 to 1987. Campbell played for several teams in both the American League (AL) and National League (NL) during his career, including the Minnesota Twins, Boston Red Sox, Detroit Tigers, Chicago Cubs, Philadelphia Phillies, St. Louis Cardinals, and Montreal Expos. He was born on August 9, 1948, in Highland Park, Michigan, and grew up in Pomona, California. +Early Life and Career. +Campbell was interested in baseball from an early age and played on his high school team at Ganesha High School in Pomona, California. After graduating, he attended Cal Poly Pomona, where he continued to play baseball and was eventually drafted by the Minnesota Twins in 1972. +Professional Career. +Campbell made his major league debut in 1973 with the Twins and quickly established himself as a reliable relief pitcher. He played for the Twins until 1976, when he was traded to the Red Sox. He spent two seasons with the Red Sox before being traded again, this time to the Cubs. +Over the course of his career, Campbell played for several more teams, including the Phillies, Cardinals, and Expos. He was known for his versatility as a pitcher, being equally comfortable in a starting or relief role. +Personal Life and Death. +Campbell was married to Linda and had three children. After retiring from baseball, he remained involved in the sport, coaching Little League teams and working as a scout for several major league teams. +In January 2023, Campbell died at the age of 74 after a battle with cancer. He was living in Palatine, a suburb of the Chicago metropolitan area, Illinois, at the time of his death. +Legacy. +Campbell will be remembered as a talented and versatile player who made significant contributions to several teams during his career. His dedication to baseball continued long after his playing days were over, and his legacy will live on in the countless young players he coached and mentored. + += = = Nate Colbert = = = +Nathan Colbert Jr. (April 9, 1946 – January 5, 2023) was an American baseball player. He played as a first baseman. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1966 to 1976. He most notably played for the San Diego Padres from 1969 to 1974. He also played for the Houston Astros, Detroit Tigers, Montreal Expos and the Oakland Athletics. +Colbert was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He was married to Kasey. The couple had nine children together. +Colbert died on January 5, 2023, in Las Vegas, Nevada. He was 76. + += = = Meenakshi Narain = = = +Meenakshi Narain (May 9, 1964 – January 1, 2023) was an Indian-born American experimental physicist. She took part in the discovery of the top quark in 1995 and the Higgs boson in 2012. She was a professor of physics and chair of the department of physics at Brown University. She also worked at Boston University. +Narain was born in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh. She was married to German citizen Ulrich Heintz. She had two children. She died on January 1, 2023, in Providence, Rhode Island. She was 58. + += = = Raphael Kiilu = = = +Raphael Muli Kiilu (died 2006) was a diplomat from Kenya. He used to be the ambassador of Kenya to the United Nations. + += = = Call Me (Jamelia song) = = = +"Call Me" is the fourth single from British R&B recording artist Jamelia and the third single from her debut album "Drama". "Call Me" became another signature track in Jamelia's career and followed "Money" into the UK top 20, just missing out on a top 10 spot, peaking at #11. The song managed to spend 5 weeks within the top 75 and was the lead single from her debut album "Drama", which was released two weeks later. +Track listings. +UK CD1 +UK CD2 +UK cassette single + += = = Arabian Prince = = = +Kim Renard Nazel (born June 17, 1965), better known by his stage names Arabian Prince and Professor X, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, and DJ. He is best known for being an original member of the rap group N.W.A. +Biography. +Nazel was born in Compton, California. +He began working with Bobby Jimmy & the Critters in 1984. He also produced J. J. Fad's hit single "Supersonic" and the album of the same name. +When he joined the rap group N.W.A., his bandmate Ice Cube returned from the Phoenix Institute of Technology in 1988. He discovered that he was surplus to the band. Eazy-E, Ice Cube and MC Ren were the headliners, DJ Yella was the turntablist and Dr. Dre was the main producer. +After leaving N.W.A., Arabian Prince began his solo career. His first solo album, "Brother Arab", was released in 1989, although it sold poorly. +Arabian Prince continued his solo career. He released his fourth album "Where's My Bytches" in 1993, which was his last album of the 1990s. +He recently started releasing music again with his Professor X project on the Dutch label Clone Records. In 2007, he DJed on the 2K Sports Holiday Bounce Tour with artists on the Stones Throw label. In 2008, Stones Throw released a compilation of his 1980s electro rap material. One of his songs was included on the 2007 video game "College Hoops 2K8". + += = = DJ Yella = = = +Antoine Carraby (born December 11, 1961), better known by his stage name DJ Yella, is an American DJ, rapper, music producer, and film director. He is from Compton, California. Yella was a member of the World Class Wreckin' Cru along with Dr. Dre. He later became a member of the gangsta rap group N.W.A (with Dre, Ice Cube, MC Ren, and Eazy-E). Along with Dre, he produced Eazy-E's first album, "Eazy-Duz-It", and all three of N.W.A's albums. +History. +After N.W.A's disbandment in 1991, Yella and MC Ren were the only members to remain on Ruthless Records. Over the next four years, he produced albums and songs for numerous Ruthless Records acts, including Eazy, J. J. Fad, Menajahtwa, H.W.A., B.G. Knocc Out, Dresta and Bone Thugs-n-Harmony. He also filmed pornographic movies under his alias Tha Kidd during this time period. +Eazy-E's sudden death from AIDS in 1995 caused chaos at the label. Yella stayed on to put together Eazy's final album, but he had difficulty tracking down all the material Eazy had recorded with various producers. Finally with Ren, he co-produced Eazy's last single "Just Tah Let Ya Know", released in September 1995. +In 1996, Yella released the album "One Mo Nigga ta Go" on Street Life. The album featured various members of the old Ruthless family rapping over his productions. +After this release he disappeared from the music scene, to resurface years later as a director of pornographic movies. While for the most part he did not seem interested in getting back into music, he did reunite with former N.W.A member MC Ren for a song called "Bangin" on the soundtrack to one of his sex movies. On October 17, 2006, at VH1's Hip Hop Honors, Yella performed with Lil' Eazy-E and Young Jeezy in a tribute to Eazy-E. + += = = Priority Records = = = +Priority Records is a United States-based record label, owned and operated by EMI, and has made a name for itself primarily in hip hop music. Priority has also provided distribution for other labels such as Ruthless Records, Death Row Records, No Limit Records, and Roc-A-Fella Records. +Company history. +Beginnings. +The Los Angeles-based company was formed in 1985 by three former K-tel executives: Bryan Turner, Mark Cerami and Steve Drath. Seed funding was provided by R-tek, a company headed by former K-tel board members: Ray and Harold Kives, and their company acquired an initial 50% stake in Priority. Priority bought out R-tek's interest in 1987. +To support early operations, Priority licensed others' repertoire and released compilation albums, but soon began developing its own roster of major artists. Priority was able to achieve unparalleled success as an independent label by developing an underground "street-based" marketing formula that set precedents and bypassed mainstream radio. His unique approach allowed Priority to sell millions of records without getting into the fiercely competitive battles of the major record labels for airplay. Priority's strategic marketing team was developed by Vice President Alyssa Pisano, who led Priority's Marketing and Creative Services Department from 1987 to 1996. Priority's roster featured numerous gold, platinum, and multi-platinum artists, including N.W.A, Dr. Dre, Ice Cube, Master P, Snoop Dogg, Jay-Z, Mack 10, Westside Connection, Eazy-E and Ice T. +EMI acquisition. +In the early 1990s, the label entered into a distribution deal with EMI, while continuing to operate independently. EMI bought a 50% stake in Priority in 1996 and the remainder in 1998. Despite EMI's full ownership, Priority remained an independently managed company until 2001, when its operations were merged with EMI's main US subsidiary, Capitol Records. Priority was absorbed into Capitol Records in 2004 and ceased operations. +Revival. +In late 2006, EMI revived Priority Records. The first act signed to the newly reorganized company is C-Murder (who, in the mid-late 1990s, recorded for the label through No Limit Records.) + += = = A Thousand Suns = = = +A Thousand Suns is the fourth studio album by American rock band Linkin Park. It was released on September 13, 2010. The album was written by the band and co-produced by Linkin Park vocalist Mike Shinoda and Rick Rubin, who previously worked together to produce "Minutes to Midnight" (2007). The album's lead single, "The Catalyst", was serviced to radio and released to digital music stores on August 2, 2010. The band is currently promoting the album through the A Thousand Suns World Tour. +"A Thousand Suns" is a concept album dealing with human fears such as nuclear warfare. "On this record, the concepts blend human ideas with technology [...] Human fears, your fear of what's going to happen in the world, the music kind of references that", said Mike Shinoda on an interview with MTV. The album's title comes from the Hindu Sanskrit scripture, the "Bhagavad Gita": "If the radiance of a thousand suns were to burst at once into the sky, that would be like the splendor of the mighty one," a quote made famous by J. Robert Oppenheimer in reference to the atomic bomb. +Although commercially successful, the album received mixed reviews upon release. The album as a whole has been compared to a progressive rock album, and compared to Pink Floyd's "The Dark Side of the Moon" and Radiohead's "Kid A". +Writing and recording. +Recording for the album began in 2008, shortly after the release of "Minutes to Midnight". In November 2008 Chester Bennington stated this "sound[ed] a little daunting to me, so, I think my confidence level will drop, but when it was presented to us by this friend of ours, we liked the idea. It was an inspiring idea, and it was something we could relate a lot of the things we like to write about to." In May 2009, a story was published in a "Billboard" magazine where Shinoda revealed information about the album. "I feel like we've been writing a lot. I'd say we've got about half the music done, though I shouldn't say halfway because who knows how long the next batch of songs will take. But all the material's just kind of coming together, and every week we meet up and assess the situation and for the rest of the week we just go and work on whatever we find exciting." He also explained the experimentation the band would be working with. "It's not going to be "Hybrid Theory." It's not going to be "Minutes to Midnight." And if we do it right, it'll have a cutting edge sound that defines itself as an individual record separate from anything else that's out there." +Drummer Rob Bourdon referred to himself and the band as "perfectionists" when asked about the new project. "We tend to be perfectionists and its sort of how we work, We like being in the studio and when we get in there we write a ton of material." Bourdon admitted that the album was challenging to complete. "We've been making music for a long time so one of the challenges was to evolve and make something to keep us interested and also have a lot of fun in the process. We've been used to making a certain type of music and using sounds to accomplish that. So to break out of that and push ourselves to grow is definitely challenging." +Style and composition. +In an interview with "Rolling Stone" in May 2009, Shinoda revealed that the band was in the process of writing and recording material for the album. The album was originally slated for an early 2010 release, but Shinoda was very concerned about "the quality of the tunes" stating that "if we need to take a step back and make sure everything is top, top quality by our standards, we will." Shinoda also stated that, comparing to "Minutes to Midnight", the new album would have a larger "thread of consistency" and would be more experimental and "hopefully more cutting-edge". +The album's style has been compared to the music of Pink Floyd and contains the high-pitched sonar "ping" from Pink Floyd's "Echoes" at the end of "Robot Boy" and continuing into "Jornada del Muerto". +It has also been stated that the album honours the hip-hop group Public Enemy. On the song "Wretches and Kings", Shinoda stated "There is a homage to Chuck D on there. It's probably the most hip-hop song on the record and one of the most aggressive... Public Enemy were very three-dimensional with their records because although they seemed political, there was a whole lot of other stuff going on in there too. It made me think how three-dimensional I wanted our record to be without imitating them of course, and show where we were at creatively." The first line of the first and second verse ("To save face, how low can you go?" and "So keep face, how slow can you go?") are references to one of Public Enemy's most famous songs "Bring The Noise", which open its first verse with "Bass! How low can you go?" in a melodically similar way. The album also features speech samples by American political figures, including Martin Luther King, Jr., J. Robert Oppenheimer, and Mario Savio. +"When it came to doing things that felt very much like older Linkin Park, like mixing hip-hop with a rock chorus, [we] felt like, if we were going to do it, we need to really do it in a way that felt natural and felt original and felt like it was something we hadn't done in the past," said Chester Bennington in an interview with MTV News who referred to Linkin Park's new style as less technical and more organic: "[While] there are hip-hop songs on the album - 'Wretches and Kings', 'When They Come for Me' — they're like nothing the band have tried before: snarling, raw, dark and [...] strangely organic." + += = = Bezhta language = = = +Bezhta (also called Bezheta or Kapucha) is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by the Bezhta people. About 7,000 people speak Bezhta. +Bezhta has three dialects. They are Bezhta proper, Tlyadal and Khocharkhotin. +Phonology. +Bezhta has many consonants, shown below in the International Phonetic Alphabet. +Bezhta has eight vowel qualities. These are /æ/, /ɑ/, /e/, /ø~ə/, /o/, /i/, /y~ɨ/ and /u/. All Bezhta vowels can also be nasalised. /æ/, /ɑ/, /e/, /o/, /i/ and /u/ can also be long, and /ɑ/ and /e/ can be long and nasalised. +Writing. +Bezhta is rarely written, and people who speak Bezhta usually write in Avar instead. When it is written, Bezhta is usually written in the Cyrillic script. + += = = Bezhta people = = = +The Bezhta are an Andi–Dido People who live in Tsutinsky District, Dagestan. The Bezhta speak Bezhta, along with Avar and Russian. + += = = Bezhta = = = +Bezhta may mean: + += = = Austrian people = = = +Austrians () are the citizens and nationals of Austria. The English term "Austrians" was used for the population of Habsburg Austria from the 17th or 18th century. During the 19th century, it was for the citizens of the Empire of Austria (1804–1867). From 1867 until 1918, it was used for the citizens of Cisleithania. The term "Austria" first referred to the historical March of Austria. This was mostly the Vienna Basin in what is today Lower Austria. + += = = Living Things = = = +Living Things is the fifth studio album by American rock band Linkin Park, released through Warner Bros. Records on 26 June 2012. The album was produced by Mike Shinoda and Rick Rubin, and presented a new direction in Linkin Park's music, combining the hard rock sounds of their debut album, "Hybrid Theory" and the electronic mixes of their very successful previous studio album, "A Thousand Suns", whilst keeping a brand new, original sound. +Background and recording. +In June 2011, Bennington revealed to "Kerrang!" that Linkin Park has started working on new material for their next album. He explained, "We've been working on a new record for the past two months. The music is great and we're well ahead of where we're expecting to be. There aren't a whole lot of noises going on, but there are a lot of good songs." +Rick Rubin produced the album. "Typically we'll have a once-a-week meeting to go listen to the songs that they're coming up with and talk about them. For so early in the project, they are much further along than they have been on the last two albums we did. On "A Thousand Suns" there were still a lot of irons in the fire. We knew, 'OK, we can't do this forever. Let's leave this batch and we'll come back and address it when we start up again, Rubin said. +In July 2011, Bennington told "Rolling Stone" that Linkin Park aimed to produce a new album every eighteen months, and that he would be shocked if a new album did not come out in 2012. The band continued to record and produce new material even while on tour. Bennington commented on Linkin Park's schedule, stating, "Touring for two years is excruciating. When we would tour for two years even the most resilient person in the band, at the end of that, was fucking miserable." He further elaborated on their ideas in an interview with MTV saying, "We do have a really great head start. We've got some great music, some good ideas. The creativity has continued to flow for us for the last few years, consistently." He later revealed in another interview in September 2011 that the band was still in the beginning phases of the next album, saying "We just kind of began. We like to keep the creative juices flowing, so we try to keep that going all the time...we like the direction that we're going in." + += = = Live in Texas = = = +Live in Texas is Linkin Park's first live album and third DVD (after "Frat Party at the Pankake Festival" and "The Making of Meteora"), released on November 18, 2003. +About the album. +The DVD comes with a bonus CD that features twelve of the songs from the DVD. The other five live tracks can be found on the "Linkin Park Underground V3.0" CD. The audio on the CD is mixed differently than the DVD audio. The DVD/CD comes in two versions: a CD box and, although harder to find, a DVD box. +The concert footage was filmed on August 2 and August 3 during the 2003 Summer Sanitarium Tour at Reliant Stadium in Houston, Texas and Texas Stadium in Irving, Texas. +The video footage is comprised of the audio from the Dallas show and video from both the Houston and Dallas shows; because of this, the band had to wear the same clothes on two shows, although there are still noticeable differences. For example, Mike Shinoda could be seen wearing two similar but different shirts, Brad Delson's guitar sometimes changes multiple times in the middle of songs from a red PRS to a black Ibanez, even though there is no break in the guitar, as well as lead singer Chester Bennington's shirt drenched in sweat and completely dry the next time he's shown on screen. + += = = Web series = = = +A Web series is a series of scripted or non-scripted online videos. They are in an episodic form. It is released on the internet. It first appeared in the late 1990s. It later rose to fame in the early 2000. + += = = Armond White = = = +Armond White (born ) is an American music and movie critic. He writes for "National Review" and "Out" magazine. He was the editor of "CityArts" from 2011 until 2014 the lead movie critic for the "New York Press"from 1997 until 2011. He had been the arts editor and critic for "The City Sun" from 1984 until 1996. Other publications he has written for include "Film Comment", "Variety", "The Nation", "The New York Times", "Slate", "Columbia Journalism Review" and "First Things". +White is known for his provocative and idiosyncratic reviews. He is a controversial person in movie criticism. As an African-American, gay, and conservative movie critic, he has been referred to as a "minority three times over in his profession." +Early Life. +White was born in Detroit, Michigan in the early 1950s to an African-American Baptist family. He converted to pentecostalism. White became interested in movies in high school. He earned a degree in movie criticism in 1997. +Movie Criticism. +White writes a “Better Than List” each year. On the list, he says which unpopular movies from that year are better than the popular movies. White was extremely critical of "Toy Story 3" and "Toy Story 4" and said the "Transformers" movies were better. He also said that The Dark Knight Trilogy was bad but that most of the movies in the DC Extended Universe were good. White has also criticized the Marvel Cinematic Universe. White is often critical of Pixar movies, but he said that "Inside Out" was a good movie. White has also defended many of Adam Sandler’s movies. White has also been extremely critical of movies he accused of afrocentrism. He used to praise many of Steven Spielberg movies but has become more critical of Spielberg’s work. +Works. +White wrote a book called "Make Spielberg Great Again" +Personal life. +White is gay and a Christian. According to the "New York Times", White "lives by himself in Chelsea with no pets or plants, amid piles of DVDs. Standing 6-foot-3, he cuts an imposing figure. Yet in conversation, he comes across as exacting, quiet and polite, far different from what his writing—and seeming bad behavior—might suggest." + += = = Sony Records = = = +Sony Records was a record label founded by R&B duo Ike & Tina Turner in 1963. Ike Turner released singles by members of the Kings of Rhythm and The Ikettes on this label. +Records on Sony were distributed by CIRCA distributing firm. CIRCA (Consolidated International Record Company of America) was formed in 1962 to operate as a release company for independent labels working with various distributors in the US. + += = = Curb Records = = = +Curb Records is a record label started by Mike Curb in 1973, after leaving MGM Records. Curb Records' first national success was the release (through Warner Bros. Records) of The Four Seasons comeback album, "Who Loves You", and the singles that came from it in late 1975 and early 1976. +Curb's roster includes several country music artists, including Tim McGraw, LeAnn Rimes, and Hank Williams Jr.. In late 2002, Curb Records also acquired a stake in Word Records from then-owners Time Warner. Curb still has a stake in Word even though Time Warner's stake was sold to the newly formed spin-off Warner Music Group in 2004. +2006 GMA Music Award Female Vocalist of the Year Natalie Grant signed with Curb Records. Former American Idol Kimberley Locke is also a member of the Curb roster. +In 2006, Curb launched a sister imprint, Bruc Records, whose name is an acronym for "Blues, Rock, Urban, Country" (the name is also "Curb" spelled backwards). Hank III's third studio release, "Straight to Hell", was the first album to be released on the new label. +Curb Records supports charitable programs through the Mike Curb Family Foundation. Some of the supported programs include; the Mike Curb Family Welcome Centre at Second Harvest, Curb Youth Symphony, Curb Young Musicians Competition, Curb Concerto Competition, Curb Family Music Education Centre at the Nashville Symphony, and the Nashville Alliance For Public Education. +Curb Records in the UK. +In the UK, Curb artists (apart from those sub-licenced to the majors) are eligible for UK "independent" charts, as the label is called Proper Distribution. In January 2006, Curb scored a top ten hit with Brian Kennedy and Peter Corry's "Tribute to George Best", an EP featuring recordings of "You Raise Me Up" amongst others. + += = = Vanguard Records = = = +Vanguard Records is a record label founded in 1950 by brothers Maynard and Seymour Solomon in New York. It started as a classical music label, but is perhaps best known for its catalogue of recordings by several seminal folk and blues artists from the 1960s; Bach Guild was a subsidiary label. +History. +In 1953, under the direction of John Hammond, the company began the "Jazz Showcase" series concentrating on the idiom of mainstream jazz, producing around two dozen recordings before it closed about 1958. The recordings made at the Spirituals to Swing concerts in 1938 and 1939 were finally released by Vanguard in 1959. Thereafter the company only continued to record Jazz and Blues on and off. +Vanguard branched out in the mid-1950s by defying the blacklist and signing blacklisted artist Paul Robeson and The Weavers. The company continued to issue folk music with newly signed artists including Joan Baez, Hedy West, Buffy Sainte-Marie, Country Joe and the Fish, Ian and Sylvia, Mimi and Richard Fariña. +In the summer of 1965, Maynard Solomon hired Samuel Charters to edit the 1964 Newport Folk Festival tapes. Following that project, the company sent Charters to Chicago to tape the wide range of blues musicians there. Those sessions resulted in the classic 1966 three-album series titled "Chicago/The Blues/Today!", which introduced a new generation to the blues. The albums included sets by Junior Wells with Buddy Guy, Muddy Water's bandmates Otis Spann and James Cotton, Otis Rush, Homesick James, Johnny Shines, Big Walter Horton, and Charlie Musselwhite. +Vanguard released a series of important classical recordings, both domestically produced and imported. Many of the latter came from the British label Pye Records label, with performances by the Halle Orchestra conducted by Sir John Barbirolli. The recordings were so exceptional in their stereo sound and overall quality that many classical radio stations played them. Vanguard even released some classical quadraphonic recordings in the early 1970s, including a performance of Tchaikovsky's Fourth Symphony with the American Symphony Orchestra conducted by Leopold Stokowski. The label also released many performances by the Utah Symphony Orchestra conducted by Maurice Abravanel, as well as the earlier P.D.Q. Bach recordings, from 1965 to 1983. Vanguard was the first US label to issue the complete 1944 hi-fi recordings of composer Richard Strauss conducting the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra in most of his symphonic poems; the recordings were made on the Magnetophon tape recording equipment in the Vienna Opera House. +In the early 1970s, Indian classical musician and sarod virtouso Vasant Rai was signed exclusively by Vanguard. Vanguard put out 5 hit albums of Vasant Rai. That time, Vanguard released albums by Michigan-based rock groups such as Dick Wagner and The Frost and was inspired by a novelty hit they released, Benny Bell's "Shaving Cream" to release albums of humorous music inspired by Dr. Demento. Tom Paxton recorded two albums, "New Songs from the Briarpatch" and "Heroes", on Vanguard Records in the late 1970s. +The label lay dormant for most of the mid-to-late 1970s, briefly resurfacing with a few disco releases in the 1980s, and was finally sold to the Welk Music Group in 1985. The Welk Group sold the classical music catalogue back to Seymour Solomon. Welk Music Group revitalized the label, reissuing much of its extensive catalogue of folk and popular music (much of which had been out of print for several years) on CD, as well as signing several new artists (such as Mindy Smith), along with established artists (such as Edwin McCain, Hootie & the Blowfish, Blues Traveler, Shawn Mullins, Chely Wright and more). +Vanguard Classics. +Vanguard Classics was sold after Seymour Solomon's death to Artemis Records, which reactivated the company with new releases from Leon Fleisher and Gil Shaham. When Artemis closed in 2004, the Vanguard Classics catalogue was sold to Sheridan Square Entertainment, which licenses Vanguard Classics material with no apparent plans to relaunch or reactivate the label. + += = = Alternative dance = = = +Alternative dance (also known as underground dance in the US) is a musical genre that mixes the "melodic song structure of alternative and indie rock with the electronic beats, synths and/or samples, and club orientation of post-disco dance music". "The Sacramento Bee" calls it "postmodern–Eurosynth–technopop–new wave in a blender". The genre draws heavily on club culture for inspiration, while also incorporating other styles of music such as synth pop, acid house, and trip-hop. Alternative dance artists identify more closely with their music through a distinctive style, texture, or fusion of specific musical elements. They are usually signed with small labels. +Most alternative dance artists are British, "owing to the greater prominence of the UK's club and rave scenes in underground musical culture". AllMusic cites New Order as the first group in the genre due to their 1982–1983 recordings, which fused post-punk with synth pop in the style of the German collective Kraftwerk. Alternative dance had a huge impact on the British Madchester scene of the late 1980s and the trip-hop and rave scenes of the 1990s. The Prodigy and The Chemical Brothers are two prominent examples of the British scene of the 1990s, while in the US, Chicago's Liquid Soul to San Francisco's Dubtribe expanded dance music "beyond its old identity as a singles-driven genre with no identifiable, long-term artists". The American scene rarely received radio airplay and most of the ground-breaking work continued underground or was imported. The Prodigy's third studio album "The Fat of the Land" was the first international alternative dance hit to debut on number one in 25 countries, including the US. + += = = My body, my choice = = = +My body, my choice is a feminist slogan. It is used in several countries, most often for issues of bodily autonomy and abortion. +Feminists usually say that people have the right to decide what happens to their body. This is especially true for sexual, marriage and reproductive choices. +The slogan has been used around the world. It has been translated into many languages. It is often used during protests and demonstrations or to bring attention to different feminist issues. + += = = Speed gun = = = +A speed gun is a gun-like tool. It measures the speed of moving things. It is used by the police to measure the speed of vehicles. It works by using the Doppler effect. + += = = Colleen O'Shaughnessey = = = +Colleen O'Shaughnessey is a voice actor. She voices Tails from Sonic the Hedgehog. She also played Jazz Fenton in Danny Phantom and Wasp in . + += = = Adam Pally = = = +Adam Pally is an actor who played in movies like Sonic the Hedgehog and Sonic the Hedgehog 2 maybe he will be in Sonic the Hedgehog 3. he voiced Wade Whipple. + += = = Tika Sumpter = = = +Tika Sumpter is an actress who voiced Maddie in Sonic the Hedgehog and Sonic the Hedgehog 2 maybe in Sonic the Hedgehog 3. + += = = Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog = = = +Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog is a 1993 animated series. It was created by DiC in 1992, then aired the next year. The show is about Sonic the hedgehog and Tails the Fox to stop Dr Robotnik. It aired from September 6th, 1993 to December 3rd, 1993. + += = = Break It Off = = = +"Break It Off" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna featuring Jamaican reggae artist Sean Paul. The song is the fourth and final single from Rihanna's second album, "A Girl like Me", and was released only in the United States, Canada, and selected European territories. The song was performed during the "Rockin' New Years Eve '07" television special on January 1, 2007 at Times Square in New York City. Rihanna has previously stated that she is very proud of the song. In the song, Rihanna sings only the chorus and one verse, while Sean Paul sings all rest of the song. +Promotion. +"Break It Off" was performed in many different venues and settings all over the world. She performed it on New Year's Eve 2007 and at many concerts such as BBC Radio 1's Big Weekend and Live Earth. It is performed for a minute and a half at concerts as a medley because Sean Paul performs more words than Rihanna. +Chart performance. +"Break It Off" was released as a digital download on online stores, including the U.S. iTunes Store on February 19, 2007 and peaked at number 2. It debuted at number eight on the US Hot Digital Songs chart, selling 75,316 downloads. This release to the digital market saw the song to jump from number fifty-two to number ten in one week on the Billboard Hot 100. +In Latin America, the song barely managed to crack the Peru Top 100 at number ninety-two. + += = = Cornufer macrops = = = +The Aresi wrinkled ground frog ("Cornufer macrops") is a frog. It lives in Papua New Guinea in the mountains in the northern part of Bougainville Island in the Soloman Islands. Scientists have seen it between 3000 and 4000 feet above sea level. + += = = E. Kidd Bogart = = = +E. Kidd Bogart (born January 23, 1978 in Los Angeles, California) is a multi-faceted American music executive and songwriter who has contributed to a long list of internationally successful artists. He is the son of Casablanca Records founder Neil Bogart and music manager Joyce Bogart-Trabulus, who managed KISS and Donna Summer. +Music career. +From a very young age he wanted to carry on the family tradition and began working at Interscope Records as an intern when he was 16 years old. Former Interscope Records president Tom Whalley took a chance on him when Bogart turned 18 and promoted him into the A&R department. Under Whalley's supervision, Bogart helped coordinate of various projects, most notably for 2Pac as a project coordinator and hip-hop icon Eminem as an A&R. It was also widely reported that Bogart was responsible for finding and bringing Eminem into Interscope Records. +By the age of 21, Bogart had transitioned into management while working as an A&R consultant for Warner Bros. Records. In his managerial career, he formed the now-defunct BAT Management with partners Walter "Walt Liquor" Taylor and Jordan Feldstein. Under BAT Management and along with other managers Joseph "3H" Weinberger, Justin Trugman and Todd Bird, he was responsible for and/or assisted in the careers of Grammy Award winning Maroon 5 (then known as Kara's Flowers), Planet Asia, Mystic, Styles of Beyond and various other artists. Bogart played an integral role in Maroon 5 signing with Octone Records with Feldstein, who still manages the band. +In 2002, Bogart founded Casbah Artists Management with his then-wife Cheryl Costanzo (now divorced), in tribute to his late father. Under Casbah, Bogart managed former Dreamworks recording artist Vishiss. During the making of the record, Bogart met future collaborator J. R. Rotem, a producer on the record. +In the summer of 2004, Bogart began working for the Agency for the Performing Arts as an Agent in the Concerts Department. In 2006, Bogart's APA roster included OneRepublic, The Outline, DJ Graham Funke, DJ Stonerokk and Planet Asia, among others. +While working at the agency, Bogart, inspired by Costanzo to do so, developed an all-female R&B trio called Raw Candy. Bogart then teamed up with Rotem and music executive Zach Katz and the three created a look and sound for the girls. Bogart was largely responsible for the artistic vision and writing the songs, Rotem for producing and composing the songs, and Katz as the business executive. +After failing to garner significant interest for the group, Bogart, Rotem and Katz released the girls from their contract and made deals for Bogart/Rotem-penned compositions for other major record-label projects, most notably the number-one hit "SOS", performed by Rihanna. In 2006, as Bogart's song writing began to be more in demand, he left the Agency to pursue writing full-time. +He has written for artists and groups such as Sean Kingston, Britney Spears, Beyoncé, Rihanna, Jennifer Lopez, Natasha Bedingfield, Blake Lewis, Paula DeAnda, Ashley Tisdale, Mýa, Paris Hilton, Jesse McCartney, Hayden Panettiere, NLT, Brandy, Wynter Gordon, Paula Deanda, Nick Lachey, Donna Summer, Jessi Malay, Jordyn Taylor, Nikki Flores, Lalaine, Kesha, The Veronicas, Corbin Bleu, Lucy Walsh, The Cheetah Girls, Keke Palmer, Hilary Duff, Varsity Fanclub, Frankie J, Heidi Montag, Steph Jones, Sophia Fresh and Christina Milian, among others. He currently resides in Los Angeles, where he creates most of his music at Rotem's Chalice Studio C and The Writing Camp's Campground Studios. +In 2006, Rotem founded his own record and publishing label, Beluga Heights, along with manager Zach Katz and hired Bogart as head writer. Bogart co-wrote four songs on the debut album from Beluga Heights first artist Sean Kingston, including the Top 10 smash "Take You There". In 2008 it was reported that 2 of the tracks on Donna Summer's release "Crayons" had been co-written by Bogart. +Bogart recently joined forces with songwriters David "DQ" Quiñones and Erika Nuri to form The Writing Camp, a writing team based in Hollywood, California. The Writing Camp, along with Victoria Horn and Rodney Jerkins, wrote Brandy's debut single "Right Here (Departed)" from her 2008 album "Human". Chosen as the album's leading single and Brandy's first release with Epic Records, following her split from Atlantic Records in 2005, the song was released via Brandy's official website on August 13, 2008. + += = = Homoousion = = = +In Christian theology, "Homoousion" is a term used in the Nicene Creed to explain that God the Son Jesus Christ is of the same essence as God the Father. Each person of the Trinity is same in essence, different in appearance, and distinct in persona. + += = = Scinax cosenzai = = = +Scinax cosenzai is a frog. It lives in Brazil. People have seen it in the Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadero in Minas Gerais. +The adult male frog is 17.29–20.97 mm from nose to rear end and the adult female frog 22.65–24.02 mm long. +The skin of the frog's back has bumps on it called tubercles. The skin of the back is gray with dark marks on it. There are dark marks across the legs. The skin on the insides of the hind legs is bright yellow. + += = = Saturday Night's Alright for Fighting = = = +"Saturday Night's Alright for Fighting" (sometimes called "Saturday Night's Alright (For Fighting)") is a 1973 song by Elton John. It is the leading single from his seventh studio album "Goodbye Yellow Brick Road". It went to number 7 in the United Kingdom and number 12 in the United States. +Track listing. +All songs written by Elton John and Bernie Taupin +Both B-sides were included later on "Rare Masters" and issued as bonus tracks on the remastered edition of "Don't Shoot Me I'm Only the Piano Player". + += = = Godhead in Christianity = = = +Godhead (or "godhood") refers to the divine nature of the Christian God. Most of time used to refer to God existing in three divine persons. + += = = 2022 Pittsburgh Steelers season = = = +The 2022 season was the Pittsburgh Steelers' 90th in the National Football League (NFL) and their 16th under head coach Mike Tomlin. + += = = If You Can't Give Me Love = = = +"If You Can't Give Me Love" is a 1978 song by Suzi Quatro and taken from her fifth studio album "If You Knew Suzi...". It went to number 2 in Ireland, number 3 in South Africa, number 4 in the United Kingdom, number 5 in Germany, number 10 in Australia and number 14 in New Zealand. + += = = Sahara and Sahel Observatory = = = +The Sahara and Sahel Observatory is a group that works to protect the environment and natural resources in the Sahara and Sahel region of Africa. It was started in 1992. It is based in Tunisia and is made up of 22 African countries, 5 countries outside Africa, and 10 international organizations. +Some of the projects the group works on include a network of 25 observatories in 12 countries, a system to warn about drought in the Maghreb region, and a project to manage groundwater in Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia. + += = = New Partnership for Africa's Development = = = +The New Partnership for Africa's Development is a plan to help African countries grow and work together economically. It was made by the African Union and was agreed upon in 2001 at a meeting of African leaders in Zambia. The goal of NEPAD is to help African countries become more successful by working together and helping each other. +Function. +The main goals of NEPAD are: to get rid of poverty, to help African countries grow and develop in a healthy way, to help Africa join the global economy, and to give women more power. NEPAD is based on the idea that African countries should have good leaders, fair governments, and respect for human rights. These are important for creating a place where it is safe to invest money and where the economy can grow over time. NEPAD works to get more money and investment from other countries to help Africa grow and develop. + += = = South–South cooperation = = = +South-South cooperation is when countries in the Global South (which are often not very rich or developed) work together to share ideas, resources, and technology. This cooperation them grow and become more developed. In the past, the goal of this cooperation was mostly to work together and learn from each other. Now, they also help each other financially. +History. +In 1955, the SSC was formed in a conference for Asian and African countries that took place in Bandung, Indonesia. This conference is known as the Bandung Conference and is the foundation of the SSC. +The conference was sponsored by India, Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma, and Indonesia and was attended by these 29 independent countries: Afghanistan, Burma, Cambodia, Ceylon, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gold Coast, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Jordan, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Sudan, Thailand, Turkey, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, State of Vietnam, and the Kingdom of Yemen. The countries supported the ending of colonialism happening in both Africa and Asia at the time. It was the first major event where countries that had just gained independence united to oppose the domination of Western countries. +In 1978, the United Nations established the Unit for South–South Cooperation. + += = = Raazz Mahal = = = +Raazz Mahal (Translation :Royal Palace - Mystery Of Demon) is an Indian Hindi-language fantasy drama television series premiered on 28 November 2022 on Shemaroo Umang. Produced by Rashmi Sharma under the banner of Rashmi Sharma Telefilms, it stars Himanshu Soni, Neha Harsora and Ridheema Tiwari. + += = = Dangal (TV channel) = = = +Dangal is a Hindi language general entertainment channel. It is a 24 Hours free to air channel. +History. +Dangal was the most watched Hindi language channel in U+R category from week 13 of 2019 to week 26 of 2020. It is owned by Enterr10 Television Pvt. Ltd. + += = = List of programmes broadcast by Dangal TV = = = +List of programmes broadcast by Indian television channel Dangal TV . +Formerly broadcasts. +Acquired series + += = = 1961–62 Austrian Cup = = = +The 1961-62 Austrian Cup was Austria's nationwide football cup competition. SK Rapid Wien were the defending champions. Eligible to participate were 14 teams from the state league, the first 3 of the three regional leagues and 9 teams (champions or cup winners) of the federal state associations. +Final. +Gernot Fraydl - Peter Vargo - Karl Stotz - Johann Löser - Alfred Gager - Horst Paproth - Horst Hirnschrodt - Ernst Ocwirk - Horst Nemec - Ernst Fiala - Walter Schleger coach: Karl Schlechta +Erich Welk - Günter Stangl - Erich Frisch - Alfred Kölly - Gerald Erkinger - Anton Maier - Walter Koleznik - Alois Schursch - Johannes Jank - Günter Iberer - Lothar Müller coaches: Oskar Hackl/Ferdinand Fritsch + += = = Mahesh Bhatt = = = +Mahesh Bhatt (born 20 September 1948) is an Indian movie director, producer and screenwriter. He is known for his works in Hindi cinema. One of his best early movies is "Saaransh" (1984). It was shown at the 14th Moscow International Film Festival. The movie was India's official entry for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film for that year. The 1986 movie "Naam" was his first commercial movie. In 1987, he produced the movie "Kabzaa" under the banner, "Vishesh Films", with his brother Mukesh Bhatt. + += = = Slider (sandwich) = = = +A slider is a small sandwich that is made with a bun. They are about 2 inches (5 cm) across. The sandwiches are served as appetizers, snacks or entrées. +The word "slider" was first used by the restaurant chain White Castle for the onion-steamed small burgers they make at their restaurants. + += = = Northeast Caucasian languages = = = +Northeast Caucasian is a language family. The Northeast Caucasian language family contains many languages, the ones with the most speakers being Chechen, Lezgian and Avar. + += = = Kabardian language = = = +Kabardian is a Northwest Caucasian language. About 590,000 people speak Kabardian. Kabardian is closely related to Adyghe. + += = = Ubykh language = = = +Ubykh is a Northwest Caucasian language. Ubykh went extinct in 1992, when Tevfik Esenç died. Ubykh has the most consonants (84) out of all languages without click consonants. + += = = Bezhta, Russia = = = +Bezhta is a village in Dagestan, Russia. 3,502 people lived there in 2010. The Bezhtas are from Bezhta, and a few other villages. + += = = Eiffage = = = +Eiffage S.A. is a French civil engineering construction company. In 2010, it was the third largest company of its type in France, It was also the fifth largest in Europe. +History. +The company was formed in 1992, after several companies merged. These companies were Fougerolle (founded 1844), Quillery (founded 1863), Beugnet (founded 1871), and La Société Auxiliaire d'Entreprises Électriques et de Travaux Public, better known as SAE (founded in 1924). + += = = Walter Schleger = = = +Dr. Walter Schleger (19 September 1929 – 3 December 1999) was an Austrian football player. He played as forward for Wiener Sport-Club and FK Austria Wien. He also played in the Austrian national football team. After his football career he was University professor for animal breeding, genetics and cynology at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna. +Club career. +Schleger began his career in Sparta Prague, where he played in their youth team. After he went to Vienna he played for Wiener Sportclub (1949–1951) and Austria Wien (1951–1964). +International career. +He made his debut for Austria on +23 September 1951 in a friendly match against West Germany. He was a participant at the 1954 FIFA World Cup and 1958 FIFA World Cup. His last match was on +16 September 1962 versus Czechoslowakia. He earned 22 caps, scoring one goal. +University career. +After the end of his football career, the veterinarian, who earned his doctorate in 1956, turned to animal breeding, genetics and cynology. He qualified as a professor in 1973. In 1976 he became head of the Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics at the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna. From 1977 to 1996 he also headed the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Immuno- and Cytogenetic Research. He set up this scientific research facility. From 1983 to 1985 he was rector of the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna.Geschichte Wiki Wien He retired as a university professor in 1991. + += = = Praça dos Três Poderes = = = +Praça dos Três Poderes (; literally "Three Powers Plaza") is a plaza in Brasília, the capital of Brazil. The name comes from the fact that the buildings having the Executive, represented by the Palácio do Planalto (presidential office); the Legislative represented by the Congresso Nacional (National Congress); and the Judiciary, represented by the Supremo Tribunal Federal (Supreme Federal Court) are in this plaza. +The plaza was designed by Lúcio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer. +On 8 January 2023, the plaza was invaded by supporters of former president Jair Bolsonaro. + += = = 2023 invasion of the Brazilian Congress = = = +On 8 January 2023, after the victory of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in the 2022 Brazilian general election, supporters of the former president, Jair Bolsonaro, attacked the Supreme Court of Brazil, the National Congress of Brazil and the Planalto Presidential Palace in the Praça dos Três Poderes plaza in Brasília, the federal capital. The protesters had entered the Chamber of Deputies's Green Hall and tried invade the Planalto Palace. Lula was not in Brasília at the time of the attack. +The event was compared to when supporters of President Donald Trump stormed and attacked the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. +Attack. +The attack happened a week after Lula's inauguration and after many weeks of unrest from Bolsonaro's supporters. The Supreme Court, Congress, and Presidential Palace were reported as cleared later that evening. That same day, Lula announced that he had signed a decree allowing a federal state of emergency in the Federal District through the end of January. Brazilian security forces cleared all three buildings later that night. At the time of the attack, Bolsonaro was in the United States. +During the attack, many works of art, like paintings, vases and historical objects were damaged, stolen or destroyed during the attack. In the Planalto, former president Juscelino Kubitschek's desk was destroyed. A copy of the original 1988 constitution book was initially taken by a protester, but was later found near the building of the Supreme Federal Court. +The offices of the Workers' Party and of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party in the Congress building were also invaded and vandalized by the mob. Rioters urinated and defecated in the press areas of the Congress building. +Response. +Lula. +President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva called the attackers "fascists" in a tweet. He said that "there was, I would say, incompetence, bad will, bad faith, on the part of the people who take care of public security in the Federal District". Lula returned to Brasília after the buildings were cleared and visited the Supreme Court and the presidential palace. +Arrests. +After the attack, Justice Alexandre de Moraes of the Supreme Court ordered the removal of all anti-democratic posts by Bolsonaro supporters from Facebook, Twitter and TikTok. After the attack, 1,500 people were arrested, however almost 600 of them were released the next day. +On 10 January, arrest warrants were sent for former public security secretary of Brasília Anderson Torres, and the Federal District Military Police chief, Fabio Augusto Vieira. The Justice Ministry said that the police had found a draft presidential document giving Bolsonaro power to overturn the 2022 elections by using "state of defense" as a reason. On 13 January, Bolsonaro was included as part of the investigation into the riots. Torres was arrested on the next day after returning to Brasília. +The Superior Electoral Court blocked Bolsonaro from seeking office until 2030 for his claims of voter fraud and his role in the 2023 congressional attack. + += = = Death and funeral of Pope Benedict XVI = = = +On 31 December 2022, at 09:34 Central European Time (), Pope Benedict XVI died at the Mater Ecclesiae Monastery in Vatican City at the age of 95. He had been pope emeritus since his resignation as the leader of the Catholic Church in 2013. Days before his death, Pope Francis asked for prayers when he announced that Benedict was in bad health. His death ended a nine-year period during which a current pope and a retired pope both lived within Vatican City. +Benedict's body lay in state in St. Peter's Basilica from 2 to 4 January 2023. His funeral was held on 5 January. + += = = Chili burger = = = +A chili burger is a burger where the patty has chili con carne on top of it. Sometimes the chili is served next to the burger, instead on top of it. The chili might be served alone, but it could also have cheese, onions, or tomatoes. + += = = The Nights (song) = = = +"The Nights" is a progressive house/folktronica song by Swedish DJ Avicii. It was released on December 1, 2014. It is from Avicii's extended play, "The Days / Nights EP". It features vocals from singer-songwriter Nicholas Furlong. Furlong stated that it was an ode to his father. This idea came to him when he met his father at a bar in Ireland. + += = = County Hall, London = = = +County Hall (sometimes called London County Hall) is a building in the district of Lambeth, London. It was the headquarters of London County Council (LCC) and later the Greater London Council (GLC). The building is on the South Bank of the River Thames, next to Westminster Bridge. It faces the City of Westminster and is close to the Palace of Westminster. The nearest London Underground stations are and . It is a Grade II* listed building. +History. +County Hall was the headquarters of local government in London for 64 years. It was often used as a billboard for the Labour Party, when Margaret Thatcher was Prime Minister. This is because it was very close to the Palace of Westminster. The GLC ended in 1986 so County Hall was not the seat of London's government anymore. +Attractions. +Sea Life London Aquarium and Shrek's Adventure London are both inside County Hall. +Hotels. +There are two hotels in County Hall: + += = = Arnold Layne = = = +"Arnold Layne" is first single from Pink Floyd in 1967. It is on the American release of their first studio album, "The Piper at the Gates of Dawn." Later it was also on compilation albums "Relics" and "". +Song list. +All songs were written by Syd Barrett. But, Interstellar Overdrive was written by Syd Barrett, Roger Waters, Rick Wright and Nick Mason. + += = = Manfred Krikke = = = +Manfred Krikke (23 November 1932 – 4 January 2023) was a Dutch cycling team manager. Krikke was for five years the manager of PDM cycling team. +Biography. +Krikke grew up in Eindhoven. He started as a cyclist at a young age, but was not very talented. After his studies he invested in in snack bars and later became co-owner of a construction company. In 1980, Krikke took over the wholesale and importership of cycling articles from the former professional cyclist Piet Rentmeester. The company was based in Valkenswaard and became an main market player in the Benelux. As a co-sponsor of bicycles and clothing, Krikke became involved in the PDM cycling team in 1986 and became the manager in 1987. The team became internationally verry successful, including winning the UCI Road World Cup in 1989 and 1990. Top cyclists on the team were Pedro Delgado, Sean Kelly, Greg LeMond, Raoul Alcala, Erik Breukink, Steven Rooks, Adrie van der Poel, Gert-Jan Theunisse and Rudi Dhaenens. The team was also negative in the news. On 27 February 1990 Johannes Draaijer died in his sleep of heart block; it is presumed, but not proven, that his death was caused by the use of the performance-enhancing drug erythropoietin (EPO). Gert-Jan Theunisse was caught on doping; while Krikke had accused the jury in the Tour de France that their doping controls were not proper. In 1991 the PDM team had a main intralipid affair during the 1991 Tour de France. Krikke left the team at the end of 1991. +In the summer of 1992 he took efforts to start his own professional cycling team. +In 1993, Krikke started sponsoring the American Eagle mountain bike team. Main cyclists of the team were Bart Brentjens, Adrie van der Poel and Richard Groenendaal. +Krikke died in Veere on 4 January 2023, at the age of 90. + += = = Kees Thijn = = = +Cornelis Jacob Pieter "Kees" Thijn (26 April 1933 – 8 January 2023) was a Dutch radiologist, painter and museum founder. +Biography. +Thijn was born in Emmen in 1933. He worked as a professor of radiology. Thijn was a painter since 1966. In his first works the medical world can still seen. Later he focused on other subjects that play a role in society. He also painted portraits and still lifes. His latest works are more about life. Thijn describes himself as "a symbolic-surrealist painter". He was a member of "Het Drents Schildersgenootschap" (since 1974). +In 2015, at the age of 82 years, he started his owm museum: Museum Thijnhof. Next of works of Thijn himself, there are also many exhibitions. Work by Thijn are also in the collection of , Drents Museum, Het Markiezenhof and University Medical Center Groningen. +Thijn died in Groningen, the city where he lived, on 8 January 2023, at the age of 89. + += = = Cornufer schmidti = = = +Schmidt's wrinkled ground frog ("Cornufer schmidti") is a frog. It lives in Papua New Guinea in islands of New Britain, New Ireland, and Manus Islands in the Bismarck Archipelago. + += = = United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification = = = +The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa (UNCCD) is a plan to stop desertification and reduce the effects of lack of water in the action programs of countries. The plan uses long-term strategies supported by international cooperation and partnership arrangements. +It fully launched in December 1996. It is the only international body in the world with legal power trying to stop people from destroying forests. +To help make UNCCD and its strategies popular, 2006 was declared "International Year of Deserts and Desertification". +Ibrahim Thiaw has been the Under Secretary General of the United Nations and UNCCD Executive Secretary since 2019. +State parties. +All UN member states, the Cook Islands, Niue, and the State of Palestine. have agreed to be part of the UNCCD. +On 28 March 2013, Canada left the UNCCD but joined again on 21 December 2016, and was officially part of the UNCCD again on 21 March 2017. +Conference of the Parties. +The Conference of the Parties (COP) ensures that action is taken on the plans of UNCCD. The first five sessions of the COP were held annually from 1997 to 2001. From 2001 sessions were held every two years. + += = = All-Russian nation = = = +The All-Russian nation was an ideology of the Russian Empire and the official terms given to and established by the East Slavic nations and people before the Russian Revolution and the formation of the Soviet Union. During the era of Tsarism, the word "Russia" meant "Rus" and "Russian(s)" simply meant "Rusian". It is completely unassociated with the post-revolution definition of Russia that is known today; In particular, this ideology iterated that the empire was a nation-state of all East Slavs, not Russians; For example, Russia and the Russian people weren't even considered "Russian" but were instead officially entitled "������������ � �����������" "(Great Rus' & Great Rusians)". As of the 21st century, Belarus is the only nation to keep its original name after the fall of the Russian Empire. + += = = CKay = = = +Chukwaki Ekweani (born 16 July 1995) is a Nigerian singer and songwriter. He is also known as CKay. CKay is his stage name. +Ekweani was born in Kaduna, Nigeria. His father worked with a choir at a church. His father taught him how to play the piano. After this, he joined a band. There were two other people in it. He left the band. He started making music by himself, and used the name CKay. +CKay made the song "Love Nwantiti". It is also known as "Love Nwantiti (Ah Ah Ahh)". The song was released in 2019. It was the first number one song on the "Billboard" Afrobeats chart. It went on the chart in 2022. On 9 May 2022, it became the first African song to be listened to over one billion times on Spotify. +CK is also a record producer. He is in Atlantic Records and Warner Music South Africa. +Music. +Extended plays +Album + += = = Simpsoncalifragilisticexpiala(Annoyed Grunt)cious = = = +"Simpsoncalifragilisticexpiala(Annoyed Grunt)cious" is the 13th episode of The Simpsons 8th season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on February 7, 1997. The episode is about the Simpson family getting a nanny named Shary Bobbins (a parody of Mary Poppins). +The episode was written by Al Jean and Mike Reiss. Chuck Sheetz is the director of the episode. It got a Nielsen rating of 8.8. This means that about 8.5 million people saw the episode when it was first broadcast. In 2014, Jean put the episode in his list of the 5 most important episodes of "The Simpsons". +Story. +Marge Simpson starts to lose some of her hair very quickly. Dr. Hibbert says that she is losing hair because of her stress. The Simpson family wants to hire a nanny to care for their children and help with their house. They have trouble finding a good nanny. A woman with an umbrella comes from the sky on to the ground. The woman is Sharry Bobbins and makes herself known to the family. They think there are no problems with her and hire her. +Shary helps with work around the house. Marge's hair starts to come back. At dinner, Shary says that she does not need to help around with the family anymore. When she leaves the house, she sees Homer strangling Bart, Maggie stopping a fire, and Marge losing hair again. Shary must stay to help with the family again. +The family starts to act rude to Shary and does not care for her excitement. Shary starts to feel depressed and cries. Marge says that Shary can not be able to change how the family acts. The family says in a song that they are happy with how they act. Shary thinks that the family is okay and leaves with her umbrella. She is killed when she flies into a jet engine of an airplane. +Production. +Al Jean and Mike Reiss made a deal with Disney to make four episodes of "The Simpsons". Jean and Reiss thought of the episode's story years before it was made. They talked about the idea with other writers but no one wanted to make an episode with the story. When they were able to make episodes again, they wrote the dialogue of the episode. Reiss first did not like the episode. He thought that the story was foolish and had too much magic in it. He now thinks that it is one of the best episodes he wrote. When it was made, the episode had more music than any other episode. Jean thought that the songs would make the episode as long as it needed to be. However, it was still shorter than regular episodes. Many parts of the episode were added to make it longer. For example, an "Itchy & Scratchy" cartoon was put in the episode. There was going to be a song where Bart, Lisa and Shary go to Patty and Selma and sing about smoking. The song was not put in the episode because producers did not think it was funny. The song was put in the album "Go Simpsonic with The Simpsons". Some animation of the song was shown in the 8th season's DVD as a deleted scene. Eric Stefani made the animation for some of the episode's songs. +Julie Andrews was first going to be the voice actor of Shary. Maggie Roswell was made the voice actor after producers heard her speak some of the episode's dialogue. Producers wanted Quentin Tarantino to be the voice actor for a character in the "Itchy & Scratchy" cartoon. He did not want to because he thought the dialogue was rude. Dan Castellaneta was the voice actor for that character in the episode. + += = = Oconto, Wisconsin = = = +Oconto is a city in Oconto County, Wisconsin. + += = = Parowan, Utah = = = +Parowan is a city in and the county seat of Iron County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 2,996 people live in Parowan. + += = = Réallon = = = +Réallon is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Remollon = = = +Remollon is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Réotier = = = +Réotier is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Bradbury, California = = = +Bradbury is a city in Los Angeles County, California. + += = = Big Flats, Wisconsin = = = +Big Flats is a town in Adams County, Wisconsin. + += = = Kanab, Utah = = = +Kanab is a city in and the county seat of Kane County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 4,683 people live in Kanab. + += = = Fillmore, Utah = = = +Fillmore is a city in and the county seat of Millard County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 2,592 people live in Fillmore. + += = = Arp, Texas = = = +Arp is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Bercianos del Real Camino = = = +Bercianos del Real Camino is a municipality in León, Castile and León, Spain. + += = = Avinyonet del Penedès = = = +Avinyonet del Penedès is a municipality of 1,697 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Nus, Aosta Valley = = = +Nus is a "comune" in the Aosta Valley region in Italy. + += = = Bleggio Superiore = = = +Bleggio Superiore is a "comune" (municipality) in Trentino in the Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. + += = = Sanremo = = = +Sanremo is an Italian city. Sanremo is in the Liguria Region. As of 31 December 2019, 54,850 people lived there. + += = = Tazewell, Tennessee = = = +Tazewell is a town in Tennessee in the United States. It is the county seat of Claiborne County. + += = = Griswold, Connecticut = = = +Griswold is a town in Connecticut in the United States. + += = = Morgan, Utah = = = +Morgan is a city in and the county seat of Morgan County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 4,071 people live in Morgan. + += = = South Salt Lake, Utah = = = +South Salt Lake is a city in Salt Lake County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 26,777 people live in South Salt Lake. + += = = Cottonwood Heights, Utah = = = +Cottonwood Heights is a city in Salt Lake County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 33,617 people live in Cottonwood Heights. + += = = Amphora (measure) = = = +Amphora(/ˈæmfərə/; Ancient Greek: ��������, It was part of ancient roman system of measurement mostly used as a capacity's unit for liquids and grains. The term amphora was borrowed from the Greeks who used a ceramic container with pointy bottom to save grain and wine. +An amphora is equal to 48 sextarii which is about 34 litres or 9 gallons in the US customary units and 7.494 gallons in the imperial British system of measurement. + += = = Ribeyret = = = +Ribeyret is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Rochebrune, Hautes-Alpes = = = +Rochebrune is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Dover, Illinois = = = +Dover is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Metcalf, Illinois = = = +Metcalf is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = GTV (Philippine TV network) = = = +GTV (Good Television, +and stylized as Gtv), is a Philippine free-to-air television network owned and operated by the Citynet Network Marketing and Productions Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of GMA Network Inc. It was launched on February 22, 2021, replacing GMA News TV on its flagship station, UHF Channel 27 Metro Manila and its provincial relay stations. It is a sixth overall secondary television brand of GMA Network since its inception in 1995 as Citynet Television. The network produces programmes from studios located at the GMA Network Center, EDSA corner Timog Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City. The network's primary transmitter facility is located at the GMA Tower of Power site, Tandang Sora, Barangay Culiat, Quezon City and it operates Monday - Saturday from 5:30 a.m. to midnight (the following day) and on Sunday from 6:00 a.m. to 12:15 a.m. (the following day), as well as on truncated hours during the Paschal Triduum. However, starting Holy Week 2023, it continues to sign off from Maundy Thursday at 12:10 am to Easter Sunday at 5:30 am. +Availability. +GTV is seen via regular free-to-air television on Channel 27 in Metro Manila, Cebu and Davao and 24 other regional stations nationwide. Aside from GTV's main analog signal, it is a must-carry channel on all cable and satellite TV providers nationwide. The network is also available as a digital subchannel through GMA's main digital transmitters in Metro Manila, Ilocos Sur, Baguio, Batangas, Naga, Legazpi, Olongapo, Mountain Province, Cebu, Tacloban, Iloilo, Murcia, Negros Occidental, Bacolod, Davao, Cagayan de Oro, Iligan, Bukidnon, Butuan, Cotabato City, General Santos and Zamboanga. + += = = Hipólito Chaiña Contreras = = = +Hipólito Chaiña Contreras (February 3, 1954 – February 22, 2021) was a Peruvian politician and physician. He was born in Puno, Peru. He was a member of the Union for Peru Party. In 2020, he was elected to the Peruvian Congress. +Chaiña Contreras died of COVID-19 at a hospital in Arequipa, Peru on February 22, 2021 at the age of 67. + += = = The Curse of the Cat People = = = +The Curse of the Cat People is a 1944 American fantasy horror movie directed by Robert Wise and Gunther von Fritsch. It stars Simone Simon, Kent Smith, Ann Carter, Jane Randolph, Erford Gage and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. It was the sequel to the 1942 movie "Cat People". + += = = 2020–21 H5N8 outbreak = = = +In 2020 and 2021, an ongoing outbreak of Avian influenza subtype H5N8 has been happening in poultry farms and in wild bird populations in several countries and continents. It has caused the cullings of millions of birds to prevent a pandemic similar to that of the H5N1 outbreak in 2008. +The first case of human transmission was reported by Russian authorities in February 2021, as several poultry farm workers tested positive for the virus. + += = = Influenza A virus subtype H5N8 = = = +H5N8 is a subtype of the Influenza A virus (sometimes called bird flu) and is highly lethal to wild birds and poultry. +H5N8 usually does not make human sick; however, seven people in Russia were found to be infected in 2021. + += = = Dover, New Jersey = = = +Dover is a town in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. Dover is about west of New York City and about west of Newark, New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States Census, the town's population was 18,460. + += = = Arne Haugen Sørensen = = = +Arne Haugen Sørensen (born 27 April 1932) is a Danish painter and illustrator. He is one of Denmark's most productive religious artists, decorating over 25 churches. +In 1975, Haugen Sørensen was awarded the Eckersberg Medal and, in 1984, the Thorvaldsen Medal. He was decorated a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog. + += = = Asako Ideue = = = + is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Ideue was born in Kagoshima Prefecture on May 5, 1987. After graduating from Nippon Sport Science University, she joined TEPCO Mareeze. However, the club was disbanded following the Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011. In June, she joined Nippon TV Beleza. In 2012, she moved to Vegalta Sendai. She retired at the end of the 2015 season. +On May 11, 2010, Ideue debuted for the Japan national team against Mexico. + += = = Yuiko Konno = = = + is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Konno was born in Chiba Prefecture on October 10, 1980. She played for her local club JEF United Chiba. She retired end of 2010 season. +On May 11, 2010, when Konno was 29 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against Mexico. + += = = Emi Nakajima = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Nakajima was born in Yasu on September 27, 1990. After graduating from Yasu High School, she joined INAC Kobe Leonessa in 2009. The club won Nadeshiko League championship for 3 years in a row (2011-2013). She was also selected Best Eleven in 2013 and 2017. +Nakajima was included in Norio Sasaki's the Japan U-20 national team squad for the 2010 U-20 World Cup in Germany. She appeared in all three matches and scoring one goal in a 3–1 win against England, as Japan were eliminated in the group stage. Nakajima received her first cap for the senior team against United States on May 14, 2011. On July 10, 2013, she was called up to the 2013 East Asian Cup in South Korea. She scored her first goal on July 20 in a 2–0 win against China in the first East Asian Cup final round match. In 2014, she played at 2014 Asian Cup and 2014 Asian Games. Japan won the championship at Asian Cup and the 2nd place at Asian Games. In 2018, she played at 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won their second consecutive title. In 2019, she was selected Japan for 2019 World Cup. + += = = Akane Saito = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Saito was born in Saitama Prefecture on January 12, 1993. She played for TEPCO Mareeze. However, the club was disbanded for Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011. In April 2011, she moved to her local club Urawa Reds. She moved to AC Nagano Parceiro in 2015. In 2019, she moved to her local another club, Chifure AS Elfen Saitama. +In October 2008, Saito was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2008 U-17 Women's World Cup. In July 2010, she was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2010 U-20 World Cup. In March 2011, she was selected the Japan national team for 2011 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 9, she debuted against Sweden. + += = = Yuki Sakai = = = +Yuki Sakai can mean: + += = = Yuki Sakai (footballer, born 1989) = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Sakai was born in Chiba Prefecture on January 10, 1989. After graduating from Keimei Gakuin High School, she joined Tasaki Perule FC in 2007. However, the club was disbanded in 2008 due to financial strain. So, she moved to INAC Kobe Leonessa in 2009. In 2012, she moved to new club Vegalta Sendai (later "Mynavi Vegalta Sendai"). She played 143 matches for the club in 9 seasons. In 2021, she moved to new club Omiya Ardija Ventus. +In November 2008, Sakai was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2008 U-20 World Cup. In March 2011, she was selected the Japan national team for 2011 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 9, she debuted against Sweden. + += = = Mai Kyokawa = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Kyokawa was born in Omitama on December 28, 1993. After graduating from Tokiwagi Gakuen High School, she joined INAC Kobe Leonessa in 2012. +In 2010, Kyokawa was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2010 U-17 World Cup. She played 6 games and scored 3 goals. Japan won the 2nd place. In February 2012, when she was 18 years old, she was selected the Japan national team for 2012 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on February 29, she debuted against Norway. She played 5 games for Japan until 2015. + += = = Ivane Matchavariani = = = +Ivane Matchavariani (born 11 February 1974) is a Georgian politician. He is a Minister of Finance in the Cabinet of Georgia since July 2018. + += = = Quantum number = = = +The set of numbers used to describe the position and energy of the electron in an atom are called quantum numbers. The tally of quantum numbers varies from system to system and has no universal answer. +Four quantum numbers can describe an electron in an atom completely: + += = = Yumi Uetsuji = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Uetsuji was born in Suita on November 30, 1987. She played for her local club Speranza FC Takatsuki from 2003 to 2004. In 2006, she joined TEPCO Mareeze. However, the club was disbanded for Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011. In May, she moved to Albirex Niigata. In 2012, she moved to new club Vegalta Sendai. In 2015, she moved to Nippon TV Beleza. She played as regular player from 2015. However her opportunity to play decreased in 2018. In 2019, she moved to Chifure AS Elfen Saitama. In 2021, she moved to Omiya Ardija Ventus. +On April 5, 2012, Uetsuji debuted for the Japan national team against Brazil. She played 4 games for Japan until 2015. + += = = Mina Tanaka = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Tanaka was born in Thailand on April 28, 1994. In 2011, she was promoted to Nippon TV Beleza from the youth team. The club won the champions for 5 years in a row (2015-2019). She also became a top scorer for 4 years in a row (2016-2019). In 2020, she moved to INAC Kobe Leonessa. In 2021, she moved to German Bundesliga club Bayer Leverkusen. +Tanaka was part of the Japan U-17 national team that finished in 2nd place at the 2010 U-17 World Cup and of the U-20 team that finished in 3rd place at the 2012 U-20 World Cup. In February 2013, she received her first the senior team call-up. On March 8, she made her debut for Japan and scored her first goal in a 2–1 loss to Germany in the 2013 Algarve Cup. In 2018, she played at 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won the championship. + += = = Yoko Tanaka = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Tanaka was born in Yamaguchi on July 30, 1993. After graduating from JFA Academy Fukushima, she joined INAC Kobe Leonessa in 2012. In 2014, she moved to Nojima Stella Kanagawa Sagamihara. In July 2019, she moved to Sporting Huelva. +Tanaka was a member of the Japan U-17 national team for 2008 and 2010 U-17 World Cup. At 2010, she played 6 games and 4 goals, and U-17 Japan team won the 2nd place. She was also a member of the U-20 team for 2012 U-20 World Cup in Japan. She played 6 games and 6 goals. She was selected Silver Shoe awards and Japan won the 3rd place. In March 2013, she was selected the Japan national team for 2013 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 6, she debuted against Norway. She played 4 games for Japan in 2013. + += = = Marumi Yamazaki = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Yamazaki was born in Saitama Prefecture on June 9, 1990. When she was high school student, she played for her local club AS Elfen Sayama FC. After graduating from high school, she joined Albirex Niigata in 2009. She played 101 matches and scored 34 goals for the club. In June 2016, she moved to AC Nagano Parceiro. In 2018, she moved to JEF United Chiba. In 2021, she moved to her local club Omiya Ardija Ventus. +In March 2013, Yamazaki was selected the Japan national team for 2013 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 6, she debuted against Norway. She played 4 games for Japan in 2013. + += = = Caltanissetta = = = +Caltanissetta is an Italian city in the Sicily Region. Caltanissetta is the capital of the Province of Caltanissetta. In 2017, it has 62,797 people. + += = = Yuka Kado = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Kado was born. in Kurashiki on June 19, 1990. In 2004, she joined her local club Okayama Yunogo Belle. She played 200 matches and scored 37 goals for the club. In June 2017, she left the club for injury. In 14 season, she played 200 matches and scored 37 goals. In 2018, she joined Bunnys Kyoto SC. In 2021, she moved to her another local club Kibi International University Charme Okayama Takahashi. +Kado was a member of the Japan U-20 national team for 2008 and 2010 U-20 World Cup. In March 2013, she was selected the Japan national team for 2013 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 6, she debuted against Norway. She played 3 games for Japan in 2013. + += = = Geographical indication = = = +A geographical indication associates a product with a certain geographical area. The buyer of the product will then know that the product is from the area indicated. These indications are most common for agricultural products, mostly food. They can also be found for industrial products. In theory, they could also apply to services. In the European Union, and probably elsewhere, a protected designation of origin also means that the product has been produced according to certain rules, and that certain standards are met. + += = = Shiho Ogawa = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Ogawa was born in Kashima on December 26, 1988. After graduating from high school, she joined JEF United Chiba in 2007. In 2010, she moved to INAC Kobe Leonessa. In 2012, she returned to JEF United Chiba. In 2014, she moved to Iga FC Kunoichi (later "Iga FC Kunoichi Mie"). +In March 2013, Ogawa was selected the Japan national team for 2013 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 6, she debuted against Norway. She played 3 games for Japan in 2013. + += = = Mario Hoops 3-on-3 = = = +Mario Slam Basketball (Mario Hoops: 3-On-3 in America and Mario Basket 3-On-3 in Japan) is a sports video game developed by Square Enix and published by Nintendo, released for the Nintendo DS in 2006. (2007 in European countries.) As Square developed the game, Several Final Fantasy characters are playable alongside Mario characters. The gameplay is based around three versus three basketball matches, with items, similar to the ones in Mario Kart. Alongside regular matches, there is a tournament mode where multiple matches are played one after another, with rewards such as new characters, balls, and costumes. The game was rereleased for the Wii U in 2016. + += = = Mari Kawamura = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Kawamura was born in Fukuoka Prefecture on December 19, 1988. She joined Nadeshiko League Division 2 club Fukuoka J. Anclas in 2006. She played 77 games and scored 90 goals in Division 2 until 2009. In 2010, the club was promoted to Division 1. In April 2013, she moved to JEF United Chiba. She retired end of 2015 season. In 2018, she came back as player at Fukuoka J. Anclas. +In November 2008, Kawamura was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2008 U-20 World Cup. In March 2013, she was selected the Japan national team for 2013 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 6, she debuted against Norway. She played 2 games for Japan in 2013. + += = = Fubuki Kuno = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Kuno was born in Fujisawa on December 27, 1989. After graduating from Musashigaoka College, she joined INAC Kobe Leonessa in 2010. She moved to Iga FC Kunoichi in 2012. She plays 70 matches in Nadeshiko League. In 2018, she moved to Nojima Stella Kanagawa Sagamihara. +In March 2013, Kuno was selected the Japan national team for 2013 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 6, she debuted against Norway. + += = = Kana Kitahara = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Kitahara was born in Fujieda on December 17, 1988. After graduating from Kanto Gakuen University, she joined Albirex Niigata in 2011. She played 93 games in Nadeshiko League. In 2016, she moved to Mynavi Vegalta Sendai (later "Mynavi Sendai"). +On September 22, 2013, Kitahara debuted for the Japan national team against Nigeria. In 2014, she played at 2014 Asian Games and Japan won 2nd place. She was also a member for 2015 World Cup which Japan won 2nd place. She played 9 games for Japan until 2015. + += = = Shiori Miyake = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Miyake was born in Sapporo on October 13, 1995. After playing JFA Academy Fukushima, she joined INAC Kobe Leonessa in 2013. +In 2011, Miyake was part of the Japan U-16 team that won the 2011 AFC U-16 Championship. In 2012, she represented the Japan U-17 team at the 2012 U-17 World Cup. On September 11, 2013, she received her first the senior team call-up. On September 22, she made her debut in a 2–0 win over Nigeria. In 2018, she played at 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won the championship. In 2019, she was selected Japan for 2019 World Cup. + += = = Saori Arimachi = = = + is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Arimachi was born in Sakai on July 12, 1988. After graduating from Fukui University of Technology Fukui High School, she joined Ohara Gakuen JaSRA in 2007. In 2008, she moved to Okayama Yunogo Belle. She played 132 matches and scored 32 goals for the club. In 2015, she moved to Vegalta Sendai (later "Mynavi Vegalta Sendai"). She retired end of 2020 season. +In November 2008, Arimachi was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2008 U-20 World Cup. On September 22, 2013, she first played for the Japan national team against Nigeria. She played 6 games for Japan until 2016. + += = = Benevento = = = +Benevento is an Italian city in Campania. Benevento is the capital of the Province of Benevento. In 2020, it has about 58,000 people. + += = = Canelli = = = +Canelli is a "comune" in the Province of Asti in the Italian region of Piedmont. + += = = Ryoko Takara = = = + is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Takara was born in Naha on April 9, 1990. After graduating from Kamimura Gakuen High School, she joined INAC Kobe Leonessa from 2009. She moved to Vegalta Sendai. In 2017, she moved to Norwegian Toppserien club LSK Kvinner. She retired end of 2017 season. +On September 22, 2013, Takara debuted for the Japan national team against Nigeria. She played 3 games for Japan until 2015. + += = = Windows Mobile 6.0 = = = +Windows Mobile 6.0 is a fifth released for Windows Mobile and produced by Microsoft, It was released on February 12, 2007 at the World 3GSM in 2007. It has been codenamed "Crossbow" The release started on January 12, 2004. +Development history. +As of Windows Mobile Longhorn. +In November 2003, Microsoft starting the released for developer Windows Mobile Longhorn was the news codenamed is "Crossbow" coming on January 2004, at the Mobile World Congress on November 20, 2003, where the mistaken for Windows Mobile Longhorn, in December 17, 2003, the Windows CE 5.1 Tablet has been available for Microsoft, based for Windows Mobile Longhorn Beta. +In January 12, 2004, the codenamed "Crossbow" has been released for officially, the Windows Mobile Longhorn can starting history on January 15, 2004, in the milestone 1 for Windows Mobile Longhorn development, in January 21, 2004, Windows Mobile Longhorn can be leaked on Internet. +Leaked for internet. +In February 2004, Windows Mobile Longhorn build 4002 is the officially for Microsoft can be released, leaked on BetaWiki on January 29, 2019. In March 13, 2004, the officially released for Windows Mobile Longhorn Beta 2 has been available for Microsoft Corporation. +Beta and Pre-RTM. +In April 19, 2004, Windows Mobile Longhorn build 4074 is available leaked on BetaArchives on February 20, 2018. Windows Mobile Longhorn build 4093 can be released on June 15, 2004, based for Windows Longhorn build 4093 and 5000. In January 2006, Microsoft released Pre-RTM for Windows Mobile Longhorn, can renamed for Windows Mobile Longhorn to Windows Mobile 6.0 on January 20, 2006. In January 30, 2006, Windows Mobile 6.0 can launch for 5 device in LG, Samsung, HTC Vouge and Vodafone, at the Mobile World Congress 2006. In March 2006, Windows Mobile 6.0 by Microsoft can be released by schedule on February 12, 2007. In May 16, 2006, Windows Mobile Longhorn is mainstream support for sale and extended support as for on May 29, 2006. Windows Mobile 6.0 can be released on February 12, 2007, in January 3, 2007, the officiall Pre-RTM for Windows Mobile 6.0 can reach renamed is RTM version for Windows Mobile 6.0 officially. +Features and user interface. +Windows Mobile 6.0 can succesor for the desktop Windows CE 6.1 and 6.2, released from Microsoft on April 12, 2007 at the Mobile World Congress on 2007, the first mobile device can released next version for Windows Mobile 6.1, released on 2008, in Windows Mobile 6.0 family, Windows CE 6.2 can be use for enterprise, family, business and more, not the student and teacher, Windows CE 6.2 can reach released on April 12, 2007, in the next of Windows CE 6.1, in the next Windows logo below sticker inside Windows Mobile 6.0, look like the Windows Mobile 5.0, can released for Windows CE Tablet PC Congress on June 16, 2008. Can launch for Windows Mobile 6.0 and Windows Mobile 6.1, Windows CE Tablet PC Congress was released taken on May 15, 2008 in Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer, in July 2008, Windows CE Tablet PC Congress was available for different language : Japanese, Chinese, Indian, Turkey, Arabian and English. Windows Mobile 6.0 can succesor from the Windows CE Tablet PC Congress developed for Windows Mobile 6.1 was developer until January 7, 2009. In Windows Mobile 6.0 features, the main for theme in the blue light colored, the Windows Start can like for Windows Mobile 6.0, about the succesor for operating system Windows Vista Business. In next features, can be the smillar icon for sounds and record. +Distribution. +Windows Mobile 6.0 was released extended awards on January 14, 2009, available from United States and United Kingdom on January 25, 2009, in the state for Bill Gates say : "We never say for Windows Tablet PC again", succesor for Windows Vista Business edition. +In February 28, 2009, Windows Mobile 6.0 was available for 110% awards, in September 2009 has been an 185% awards, the succeded for Windows Mobile 6.1 has been mainstream support for Service Update 1 has been ended on January 14, 2010. + += = = Pozzuoli = = = +Pozzuoli is an Italian city. Pozzuoli is in the Campania Region. It has about 80,000 people. + += = = Saki Ueno = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Ueno was born in Matsudo on November 20, 1994. In 2013, she joined JEF United Chiba from Urawa Reds youth team. She won the Best Young Player award in the 2013 season. She played 132 matches until 2019. In 2020, she moved to Urawa Reds. +On September 26, 2013, when Ueno was 18 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against Nigeria. + += = = La Roche-des-Arnauds = = = +La Roche-des-Arnauds is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Atingkok = = = +"Atingkok" () (literally, "father void") is the Supreme Creator God of the universe in Meitei mythology and religion. +He is regarded as the legendary male ancestor of the living beings on the earth. + += = = Shiyan = = = +Shiyan () is a prefecture-level city in Hubei Province, China. In 2010, 3,340,841 people lived there. + += = = Rie Azami = = = + is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Azami was born in Higashimurayama on January 11, 1989. After graduating from Saitama Heisei High School, she joined AS Elfen Sayama FC (later "Chifure AS Elfen Saitama") in 2007. She played 256 matches and scored 91 goals for the club. She retired end of 2020 season. +On September 26, 2013, Azami debuted for the Japan national team against Nigeria. She played 2 games for Japan until 2015. + += = = Rousset, Hautes-Alpes = = = +Rousset is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Draper, Utah = = = +Draper is a city in Salt Lake and Utah counties in the U.S. state of Utah. As of the 2020 census, 51,017 people live in Draper. + += = = Hikari Nakade = = = + is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Nakade was born in Mie Prefecture on December 6, 1988. After graduating from Kibi International University, she played for her local club Iga FC Kunoichi. +In November 2008, Nakade was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2008 U-20 World Cup. On September 26, 2013, she debuted for the Japan national team against Nigeria. + += = = Saint-André-d'Embrun = = = +Saint-André-d'Embrun is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Chinatsu Kira = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Kira was born in Usuki on July 5, 1991. After graduating from Kamimura Gakuen High School, she joined for Urawa Reds in 2010. She was selected Best Young Player awards in 2011 season. She played for the club 157 matches and scored 52 goals. She left the club end of 2019 season. In December 2020, she signed with Melbourne City. +In August 2008, Kira was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2008 U-17 World Cup. She played 3 games and scored 4 goals. On May 8, 2014, she debuted for the Japan national team against New Zealand. She was a member of Japan for 2014 Asian Cup and 2014 Asian Games. Japan won the championship at Asian Cup and the 2nd place at Asian Games. She played 12 games and scored 5 goals for Japan in 2014. + += = = Rika Masuya = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Masuya was born in Matsushige, Tokushima on September 14, 1995. After graduating from JFA Academy Fukushima, she joined INAC Kobe Leonessa in 2014. She played 133 matches and scored 27 goals for the club. In 2021, she moved to new club Sanfrecce Hiroshima Regina. +In September 2012, Masuya was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2012 U-17 World Cup. On September 13, 2014, when she was 18 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against Ghana. She played for Japan at 2014 Asian Games. She played 6 games and scored 2 goals. Japan won the 2nd place. In 2018, she played at 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won the championship. She played 27 games and scored 6 goals for Japan until 2018. + += = = Cryotherapy chamber = = = +Cryotherapy chamber is an individual, tube-shaped device to provide cryotherapy for human body. This is a type of low-temperature treatment used to reduce inflammation and painful effects. +History. +In the late 1970s the cryotherapy chamber was developed by Japanese scientist Toshima Yamaguchi. +In the 1980s and 1990s it was introduced to Europe and USA. +As of 2022, the main producers according to MarketWatch research are: +Main uses. +Cryotherapy may reduce pain, help with mental disorders, support exercise recovery performance and improves joint function. Cryotherapy chambers are a part of sports rehabilitation and wellness. Among main uses are: + += = = Hikaru Naomoto = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Naomoto was born in Ogori on March 3, 1994. In 2007, she joined her local club Fukuoka J. Anclas. After graduating from high school, she joined Urawa Reds in 2012. She was selected Best Eleven in 2014 season. In June 2018, she moved to German Bundesliga club Freiburg. In 2020, she returned to Urawa Reds. +Naomoto played for the Japan U-17 national team at 2010 U-17 World Cup Japan won the 2nd place and the U-20 team at 2012 U-20 World Cup Japan won the 3rd place. On May 8, 2014, she debuted for the Japan national team against New Zealand. She was a member of Japan for 2014 Asian Cup and 2014 Asian Games. Japan won the championship at Asian Cup and the 2nd place at Asian Games. In 2018, she played at 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won their second consecutive title. She played 20 games for Japan until 2019. + += = = Rie Usui = = = + is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Usui was born in Tokyo Metropolis on December 28, 1989. After graduating from Waseda University, she retired from playing career. However, after 1 year blank, she restarted playing career at Sfida Setagaya FC in 2013. She moved to Urawa Reds in 2014. She played 44 matches in 3 seasons. In 2017, she moved to Nojima Stella Kanagawa Sagamihara. She retired end of 2018 season. +On September 13, 2014, Usui debuted for the Japan national team against Ghana. She played for Japan at 2014 Asian Games and Japan won the 2nd place. She played 6 games for Japan in 2014. + += = = Hisui Haza = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Haza was born in Nishinomiya on March 16, 1996. After graduating from Nippon Sport Science University, she joined her local club INAC Kobe Leonessa in 2018. She played 10 matches for the club. In August 2019, she moved to Spanish club AEM Lleida. +On September 13, 2014, when Haza was 18 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against Ghana. She was a member of Japan for 2014 Asian Games. She played 3 games and Japan won the 2nd place. She played 4 games for Japan in 2014. In November 2016, she was selected for the Japan U-20 national team for the 2016 U-20 World Cup and Japan won the 3rd place. + += = = Ruka Norimatsu = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Norimatsu was born in Ageo on January 30, 1996. After graduating from JFA Academy Fukushima, she joined her local club Urawa Reds in 2014. She was selected Best Young Player awards and Best Eleven in 2014 season. She played 73 matches until 2020. In 2021, she moved to Saitama's cross town rivals, Omiya Ardija Ventus. +In September 2012, Norimatsu was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2012 U-17 World Cup. On May 8, 2014, when Norimatsu was 18 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against New Zealand. She played for Japan at 2014 Asian Cup and Japan won the championship. In 2016, she played as captain for the U-20 team at 2016 U-20 World Cup and Japan won the 3rd place. + += = = Yuria Obara = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Obara was born in Towada on September 4, 1990. After graduating from Tokiwagi Gakuen High School, she joined Albirex Niigata in 2009. She played 146 matches for the club in 10 seasons. In 2019, she moved to NHK Spring Yokohama FC Seagulls. +In July 2010, Obara was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2010 U-20 World Cup. In May 2014, she was selected the Japan national team for 2014 Asian Cup. At this competition, on May 18, she debuted against Jordan. Japan won the championship. + += = = Shiho Kohata = = = + is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Kohata was born in Hiroshima Prefecture on November 12, 1989. After graduating from Waseda University, she joined Urawa Reds in 2012. She was selected Best Young Player awards in 2012 season. She was also selected Best Eleven in 2014 season. She played 124 matches for the club in Nadeshiko League until 2018 season. She left the club end of 2018 season. In February 2019, she joined AS Harima Albion. She Retired end of 2020 season. +In May 2014, Kohata was selected the Japan national team for 2014 Asian Cup. At this competition, on May 18, she debuted against Jordan. Japan won the championship. She played 2 games for Japan until 2015. + += = = Ami Sugita = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Sugita was born in Zama on March 14, 1992. After graduating from Kibi International University, she joined Iga FC Kunoichi (later "Iga FC Kunoichi Mie") in 2014. +In May 2014, Sugita was selected the Japan national team for 2014 Asian Cup. At this competition, on May 18, she debuted against Jordan. Japan won the championship. She played 6 games and scored 2 goals for Japan until 2017. + += = = Upper Amazon tree frog = = = +The upper Amazon tree frog ("Dendropsophus bifurcus") is a frog that lives in the upper Amazon basin. This is in parts of Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, Brazil and Bolivia. +The adult male frog is 23 to 28 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 29 to 35 mm long. This frog is brown in color with white or orange stripes around its head and front legs. +These frogs live on the edges of forests but not in primary forest. They are good at living in places that human beings have changed. +The males sing for the females after it rains. The eggs are dark in color. +In Spanish, this frog is called "ranita payaso pequeña", or "small clown frog." + += = = Àger = = = +Àger is a municipality in the province of Lleida in Catalonia, Spain. + += = = Aller, Asturias = = = +Aller () is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = List of programs produced by ABC Signature = = = +List of programs currently and formerly produced by ABC Signature, which previously used the name Touchstone Television and ABC Studios. + += = = February 13–17, 2021 North American winter storm = = = +The February 13–17, 2021 North American winter storm, also called Winter Storm Uri, was a major winter and ice storm that impacted the United States, Northern Mexico, and parts of Canada from February 13 to 17, 2021. The storm started out in the Pacific Northwest and quickly moved into the Southern United States, before moving on to the Midwestern and Northeastern United States a couple of days later. +The storm caused over 170 million Americans being placed under winter alerts across the country and caused blackouts for over 9.9 million people in the U.S. and Mexico, most notably in Texas. The blackouts were the largest in the U.S. since the Northeast blackout of 2003. +The storm also brought dangerous severe weather to Southeastern United States, including several tornadoes. On February 16, there were at least 20 direct deaths and 13 indirect deaths caused by the storm; by February 19, the death toll had risen to at least 70, including 58 people in the United States and 12 people in Mexico. + += = = Louise Lasser = = = +Louise Marie Lasser (born April 11, 1939) is an American actress, television writer, and performing arts teacher. She is known for her role in "Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman." +She was married to Woody Allen and appeared in some of his early movies. She is also a life member of The Actors Studio. + += = = Amieva = = = +Amieva is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Ahmed Zaki Yamani = = = +Ahmed Zaki Yamani (; 30 June 1930 – 23 February 2021) was a Saudi Arabian politician. He was Minister of Oil and Mineral Resources from 1962 to 1986. +He died on 23 February 2021 in London, aged 90. + += = = Fausto Gresini = = = +Fausto Gresini (23 January 1961 – 23 February 2021) was an Italian Grand Prix motorcycle racer. He was World Champion in 1985 and 1987. He was in his later years team manager for the Aprilia Racing Team Gresini MotoGP team. He was born in Imola, Italy. +Gresini died on 23 February 2021 in Bologna, Italy from problems caused by COVID-19 at the age of 60. + += = = Jean Grenet = = = +Jean Grenet (12 July 1939 – 23 February 2021) was a French politician. He was a member of the National Assembly of France from 1993 to 1997 and again from 1992 to 2012. He represented the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department. Grenet was a member of the Radical Party. From 1995 to 2014, he was Mayor of Bayonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques. He was born in Bayonne. +Grenet died on 23 February 2021 in Bayonne, aged 81. + += = = Mohanbhai Sanjibhai Delkar = = = +Mohan Sanjibhai Delkar (19 December 1962 – 22 February 2021) was an Indian politician. He was elected seven times as a member of Lok Sabha (parliament) from Dadra and Nagar Haveli from 1989 to 2009 and from 2019 until his death. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Delkar was born in Silvassa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli. +Delkar died on 22 February 2021 in Mumbai, Maharashtra at the age of 58. The cause of death was suicide. + += = = Aleksander Doba = = = +Aleksander Doba (9 September 1946 – 22 February 2021) was a Polish kayaker and mountain climber. He was known for his long voyages crossing oceans. In 2010 and again in 2013 he kayaked across the Atlantic Ocean. The two voyages were the longest open-water kayak voyages ever made. He was named 2014 Adventurer of the Year by National Geographic. +In 2017 he completed an eastward kayaking trip across the Atlantic. +Doba died while climbing Kilimanjaro on 22 February 2021 from asphyxiation, aged 74. + += = = Laurindo Guizzardi = = = +Laurindo Guizzardi (July 7, 1934 – February 22, 2021) was a Brazilian Roman Catholic prelate. +He was ordained to the priesthood in 1959. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bagé from 1982 to 2001 and was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Foz do Iguaçu from 2001 to 2010. He was born in Nova Bassano, Rio Grande do Sul. +Guizzardi died on February 22, 2021 in Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná at the age of 86. + += = = Yekaterina Gradova = = = +Yekaterina Georgievna Gradova (; 6 October 1946 – 22 February 2021) was a Russian actress. She appeared in two Soviet blockbuster movies "Seventeen Moments of Spring" and "The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed". Her career lasted from 1969 to 1992. Gradova was born in Moscow. +Gradova died on 22 February 2021 in Moscow from problems caused by a stroke, aged 74. + += = = Benno Ndulu = = = +Benno Ndulu (23 January 1950 – 22 February 2021) was a Tanzanian banker and an academic professor. He was the governor of the Bank of Tanzania, the country's central bank, from 2008 to 2018. He was nominated by President Jakaya Kikwete. +Ndulu died on 22 February 2021 from COVID-19, aged 71. + += = = Daviz Simango = = = +Daviz Mbepo Simango (7 February 1964 – 22 February 2021) was a Mozambican politician and environmentalist. He was Mayor of Beira from 2003 until his death. He was also the President of the Democratic Movement of Mozambique (MDM). Simango was born in Tanganyika. +Simango died on 22 February 2021, fifteen days after his 57th birthday at a South African hospital. + += = = André Dufraisse = = = +André Dufraisse (30 June 1926 – 21 February 2021) was a French cyclo-cross racer from 1950 to 1964. He was born in Razès, France. Dufraisse won the World Cyclo-cross Championships five times from 1954 to 1958, and was cyclo-cross champion of France seven times between 1955 and 1963. +Dufraisse died on 21 February 2021, aged 94. + += = = Katie Hurley = = = +Olga Katherine Torkelsen Hurley (March 30, 1921 – February 21, 2021) was an American Democratic politician. She was born in Juneau, Alaska. Hurley was a member of the Alaska House of Representatives from 1985 to 1987. She was the first woman elected to a statewide office in Alaska. +Hurley died on February 21, 2021 in Portland, Oregon at the age of 99. + += = = Jan Lityński = = = +Jan Lityński (18 January 1946 – 21 February 2021) was a Polish politician, journalist, and opposition activist. He was a member of the Sejm between 1989 and 2001. +Lityński died on 21 February 2021 in Warsaw, aged 74. + += = = Radamés Salazar Solorio = = = +Radamés Salazar Solorio (8 March 1974 – 21 February 2021) was a Mexican politician. He was a Senator from 2018 until his death. He was born in Jiutepec, Morelos. Salazar Solorio was a member of the National Regeneration Movement. +Salazar Solorio died from COVID-19 in Mexico City during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico on 21 February 2021, fifteen days before his 47th birthday. + += = = Zlatko Saračević = = = +Zlatan "Zlatko" Saračević (5 July 1961 – 21 February 2021) was a Croatian professional handball player and coach. He competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics for Yugoslavia and in the 1996 Summer Olympics for Croatia. +After the domestic league match between RK Podravka, of which he was coach, and RK Lokomotiva. He was a commentator on RTL Televizija together with Filip Brkić. +Saračević died of cardiac arrest in Koprivnica on 21 February 2021, aged 59. + += = = Sergiu Natra = = = +Sergiu Natra (12 April 1924 – 23 February 2021) was an Israeli composer. He was known for his compositions for the harp, including ""Music for Violin and Harp", "Sonatina for Harp"", "Prayer "for Harp", "Divertimento for Harp flute and Strings orchestra", "Music for Nicanor", "Commentaires Sentimentaux", "Ode To The Harp"" and "Trio in One Movement no. 3". + += = = Juan Carlos Masnik = = = +Juan Carlos Masnik (2 March 1943 – 23 February 2021) was an Uruguayan football player and manager. He represented his country at the 1974 FIFA World Cup in Germany. He played for the national team from 1967 to 1974 making 33 appearances. Masnik was born in Soriano, Uruguay. +Masnik died on 23 February 2021 in Montevideo, aged 77. + += = = Peter J. Barnes III = = = +Peter J. Barnes III (April 26, 1956 – February 22, 2021) was an American Democratic Party politician. He was born in San Francisco, California. He was a member of the New Jersey General Assembly from 2007 to 2014. He later became a State Senator in 2014. In 2016, Governor Chris Christie nominated him to be a member of the New Jersey Superior Court. +Barnes III died on February 22, 2021 in New Brunswick, New Jersey at the age of 64. + += = = Isle, Minnesota = = = +Isle is a city in Mille Lacs County, Minnesota, United States. 803 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Saint-André-de-Rosans = = = +Saint-André-de-Rosans is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Saint-Apollinaire, Hautes-Alpes = = = +Saint-Apollinaire is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Saint-Auban-d'Oze = = = +Saint-Auban-d'Oze is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Belmonte de Miranda = = = +Belmonte de Miranda () is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Mahmoud Refaat = = = +Mahmoud Refaat (; born April 25, 1978) is an expert in international law, foreign policy advisor (president of European Institute for International Law and International Relations) and writer (a member of the British Association of Journalists – BAJ and the American National Writers Union – NWR in New York) and chairman of the International Gazette daily newspaper based in London, United Kingdom. +He is a French-Belgian citizen of Egyptian origin residing between France, Belgium, and the United Kingdom. +Mahmoud Refaat led the presidential campaign of former Egyptian army chief of staff Lieutenant General Sami Anan from abroad and played a role in covering all the international media news of the arrest of General Sami Anan, which he explained in several televised meetings that he did so for fear of assassination of Lieutenant General Sami Anan. He then played a role again by questioning international circles in the presidential elections won by Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi in the second round in March 2018, and sparked an international outcry two months later, accusing the Egyptian regime of El-Sisi of trying to assassinate General Sami Anan after the sudden health collapse, that hit him in his prison in summer 2018. +Peace activities. +Mahmoud Refaat and former Libyan Prime Minister Omar al-Hassi founded The International action group for peace in Libya and he took over the position of General Coordinator, which was launched from the Tunisian capital at a press conference on 12 May 2018 in the presence of a number of the European Parliament and received extensive media coverage. +He also played a role in the Yemeni affairs at the international level to urge the international community to ensure the delivery of food and medical aids to civilians, especially those trapped and victims of the Saudi-Emirati bombing and announced that President Abd Rabbu Mansour Hadi must be brought to the International Criminal Court. +The International Action Group for Peace in Libya. +The International action group for peace in Libya was founded in May 2018 by the former prime minister of Libya, Mr Omar al-Hassi and Dr. Mahmoud Refaat with numerous international personalities from Europe and the international community. +Mr Omar al-Hassi is the president and Mahmoud Refaat is the general coordinator of the International action group for peace in Libya. +The International Peace Action Group in Libya was founded by Mr. Omar al-Hassi and Mahmoud Refaat through the Middle East and Mediterranean peace Research Institute(MEMPRI) with objectives of helping civilians to avoid results of the War in Libya and also to communicate with the International Community to find the exit of the Civil war led by Haftar and supported by Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates. +The Humanitarian Action Group for Yemen. +In March 2019, Mahmoud Refaat created The Humanitarian Action Group for Yemen through the European Institute for International Law and International Relations intending to ensure food and medical equipment to civilians in Yemen who are surrounded by the coalition of Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates also to work close to the International Community to put an end to the war in Yemen and sue the actors of Yemeni war. +The Humanitarian Action Group for Yemen has been urging the International Criminal Court and the International Community to follow war criminals in Yemen, in particular, after several reports from United Nations bodies describe Yemen as worst crises on the earth because of the illegitimate war led by Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates on Yemen. +Earlier 2019, Mahmoud Refaat announced Mohammad bin Salman and Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan must be trailed as war criminals for their rule of crises in Yemen which left thousands of civilians as victims of starvation, cholera epidemic apart civilians who were killed by the bombing of Saudi-Emirati coalition. + += = = Bimenes = = = +Bimenes is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Boal = = = +Boal () is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Saint-Chaffrey = = = +Saint-Chaffrey is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Liane den Haan = = = +Natalia Liane den Haan (born 24 August 1967) is a Dutch independent politician. She was party leader of 50PLUS (50+) from October 2020 to May 2021, as successor of Henk Krol. +She studied nursing, worked at a hospital, studied in the evening business administration and was a catering and party service business operative. Thereafter, she focused on leading jobs and has held various leading positions since then. +De Haan was heading senior citizen organisation ANBO from 2005 to 2020. Besides, she was a member of the socio-economic council SER from 2009 to 2013 and from 2018 to 2019, a member of the board of civil servants personnel organisation ACOP from 2012 to 2018, and also director of LGBT organisation COC Nederland. +Born in Woerden, she was councillor of this municipality in the province of Utrecht from 2006 to 2010, until 2007 for Democrats 66 (D66), and afterwards for the Labour Party (PvdA) in Progressief Woerden. +She was a member of 50+ from August 2020 to May 2021 and leaded the party into the 2021 Dutch general election in March 2021. 50+ gained one seat, so she has been both parliamentary group leader and an MP since March 2021. Because of serious disagreements with the party executive committee, she left 50+ on 6 May 2021 and continues as an independent MP. +De Haan is divorced with three children and still lives in Woerden. + += = = Deccan sultanates = = = +The Deccan sultanates is the name for five Islamic kingdoms which existed in the Deccan Plateau, in the Middle Ages. They all had at least a part of the territory on the Deccan Plateau. The sultanates came into existence when the Bahmani Sultanate broke up. Much like the Bahmani Sultanate, these kingdoms regularly fought against the Hindu Vijayanagara Empire in South India but also commonly and most fought amongst themselves for territory. + += = = Columbia TriStar Television = = = +Columbia TriStar Domestic Television was an American television production and distribution studio. The company was started in 1994 when Columbia Pictures Television joined with TriStar Television. Movies like "Annie" and "The Three Stooges" were produced here. Television programs were also produced like the reruns of "All in the Family". The company shut down in 2002 to make way for Sony Pictures Television. + += = = The Last Fleksnes = = = +The Last Fleksnes () is a 1974 Norwegian comedy movie directed by Bo Hermansson and was based on the sitcom series "Fleksnes Fataliteter". It stars Rolv Wesenlund, Aud Schønemann, Finn Mehlum, Per Christensen, Britt Langlie, Kjersti Døvigen. + += = = Whangārei = = = +Whangārei () is the northernmost city in New Zealand and the regional capital of Northland Region. It is part of the Whangārei District, a local body created in 1989 to administer both the city proper and its hinterland from the former Whangarei City, Whangarei County and Hikurangi Town councils. The city population was estimated to be 56,400 at the June 2016, up from 47,000 in 2001. The wider Whangarei area had an estimated population of 85,900 in 2015. +The Whangarei urban area is spread throughout the valleys of the surrounding area and has several suburbs: Kamo, Springs Flat, Tikipunga, Three Mile Bush, Otangarei, Mairtown, Regent, Kensington, and Whau Valley lie to the north of the city. South and west of the city centre are Morningside, Raumanga, Maunu, Horahora, Woodhill, and the Avenues, and to the east are Riverside, Sherwood Rise, Onerahi, and Parihaka. + += = = Kumi Yokoyama = = = + is a Japanese football player. They play for the Japan national team. Yokoyama goes by singular they pronouns. +Biography. +Yokoyama was born in Tama on August 13, 1993. After graduating from Jumonji High School, they joined Okayama Yunogo Belle in 2012. In 2014, they moved to Nadeshiko League Division 2 club AC Nagano Parceiro. They became top scorer in 2014 and 2015. The club was also promoted to Division 1 from 2016. In 2016 season, they were selected Best Eleven. In July 2017, they moved to German Bundesliga club Frankfurt. In July 2018, they returned to AC Nagano Parceiro. In 2020, they moved to Washington Spirit. +In 2010, Yokoyama was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2010 U-17 World Cup. They played 6 games and scored 6 goals, and Japan won 2nd place. They received one of the ten 2010 FIFA Puskás Award nominations for their winning goal in the semifinals against North Korea, which made the headlines and was compared to Diego Maradona's second goal against England in the 1986 World Cup. In 2012 they were also a member of the Japan U-20 national team for 2012 U-20 World Cup which Japan won the 3rd place. In March 2015, they were selected the Japan national team for 2015 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 6, they debuted and scored a goal against Portugal. In 2018, they played at 2018 Asian Cup. They scored 4 goals include 2 goals at semifinal and a goal at final, and Japan won the championship. + += = = Ayaka Yamashita = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Yamashita was born in Adachi, Tokyo on September 29, 1995. After graduating from Murata Women's High School, she joined Nippon TV Beleza (later "Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza") in 2014. The club won Nadeshiko League championship and she was selected Best Eleven for 5 years in a row from 2015 to 2019. In 2021, she moved to INAC Kobe Leonessa. +In August 2015, when Yamashita was 19 years old, she was selected the Japan national team for 2015 East Asian Cup. At this competition, on August 4, she debuted against South Korea. In 2018, she played at 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won the championship. She also played at 2018 Asian Games and Japan won the championship. In 2019, she was selected Japan for 2019 World Cup. + += = = Tomoko Muramatsu = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Muramatsu was born in Setagaya, Tokyo on October 23, 1994. She was promoted to Nippon TV Beleza (later "Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza") from the youth team in 2011. She was selected Best Eleven in 2015 and 2016. +In 2010, Muramatsu was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2010 U-17 World Cup. She played 5 games and Japan won the 2nd place. In August 2015, she was selected the Japan national team for 2015 East Asian Cup. At this competition, on August 4, she debuted against South Korea. She played 4 games for Japan until 2016. + += = = Hanae Shibata = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Shibata was born in Kitakyushu on July 27, 1992. After graduating from Kamimura Gakuen High School, she joined Urawa Reds in 2011. She was selected Best Eleven in the 2015 season. +In August 2012, Shibata joined the Japan U-20 national team for 2012 U-20 World Cup. She played 6 games and scored 3 goals, and Japan won the 3rd place. Shibata was named the 2012 "Asian Young Footballer of the Year". In August 2015, she joined the Japan national team for 2015 East Asian Cup. At this competition, on August 4, she debuted against South Korea. + += = = Nokia 6300 = = = +Nokia 6300 is a GSM smartphone developed by the Nokia Corporation. It was released in January 2007. At the time, it had smaller memory, at around 30MB. The Nokia 6300 was the basis for the Nokia 6233 and Nokia 3510, and its successor to the Nokia 6300 4G. +Hardware. +The Nokia 6300 is a glossy white color, and it has 17MB of storage. The Nokia Hand was also first added to the Nokia 6300. It is based on the Nokia 3510. In 2007, Nokia improved the phone, which now includes 4G access, Bluetooth, 1 SD card port and a SIM card that can connect to the Internet using Wi-Fi or Mobile Broadband. The battery capacity for Nokia 6300 is 860mAh. +Release. +In January 2007, Nokia released the new Nokia 6300, which is also called the Nokia 6300 4G, and introduced a SIM card to the franchise, developed by Nokia. The Nokia 6300 first launched in December of 2006, at the Mobile World Congress. it was made in the United States and United Kingdom, with an option of either black, red, white or brown cases. Nokia 6300 can use Mobile Broadband using its SIM card. It contains a SD card and more hardware, and it has 17MB in it's system memory. +In March 2008, Nokia released version RM 217 for the Nokia 6300, also called the Nokia 6300 Gold. It is light yellow. The Nokia 6300 also has Web, Calendar, Game apps and more. In May 2008, this phone reached global popularity. + += = = List of figures in Meitei mythology = = = +This is a list of gods, goddesses, people and other figures from Meitei mythology. They are sorted into sections below. The immortals include gods, spirits and other supernatural beings. Being immortal means that they lived forever. The mortals include heroes, kings and other people. + += = = DWAN-AM = = = +DWAN (1206 AM) is an upcoming radio station owned and operated by the Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation. +History. +The station was established in 1973 by Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation, a company owned by the late Marcos crony Roberto Benedicto, on 1160 AM under the call letters DWWA. In November 1978, it transferred its frequency to 1206 AM, in response to the adoption of the 9 kHz spacing on AM radio stations in the Philippines under the Geneva Frequency Plan of 1975. In 1984, it changed its call letters to DWAN. +When BBC was dissolved after the 1986 EDSA Revolution, ownership of the station was transferred to the Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation under the name IBC Broadkast Patrol. By this time, it was in Broadcast City. In 1996, DWAN returned to air, this time under the management of Bubby Dacer's Asia Pacific News and Features. Notable announcers included Rod Navarro, Cesar Chavez, the late John Susi and Pol Velasco. It went off the air in 2004. +In late 2007, the station returned to air, this time as MMDA Traffic Radio under the management of the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority. It transferred to its home in MMDA's Communications and Command Center in Makati. The station provided real-time traffic updates and public service reminders. Some of its programs were simulcast on MMDA TV. +On July 13, 2010, MMDA Traffic Radio went off the air as an effect of Typhoon Basyang (Conson). Both the station and MMDA TeleRadyo permanently ceased operations on August 17, 2010, in order to cost-cutting measures, which were costing the agency at least 1 million pesos every month. + += = = Machu Picchu facts = = = +1 In the Quechua Indian language, “Machu Picchu” means “Old Peak” or “Old Mountain.” +2 Machu Picchu is made up of more than 150 buildings ranging from baths and houses to temples and sanctuaries +3 The compound contains more than 100 separate flights of stairs. Most of the individual staircases were carved from one slab of stone +4 Machu Picchu was only known locally until Yale Professor Hiram Bingham re-discovered the site in 1911. His book, The Lost City of the Incas, was based on his findings. +5 English or Spanish, the first 'c' in Picchu is silent. + += = = Imola = = = +Imola is an Italian city in Emilia-Romagna. It has about 70,000 people. + += = = Ercolano = = = +Ercolano is an Italian city in Campania. It has about 53,000 people. + += = = Enna = = = +Enna is an Italian city in Sicily. Enna is the capital of the Province of Enna. It has about 27,000 people. + += = = Denmark, Wisconsin = = = +Denmark is a village in Brown County, Wisconsin. + += = = Mayu Sasaki = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Sasaki was born in Sagamihara on January 12, 1993. After graduating from Musashigaoka College, she joined Vegalta Sendai (later "Mynavi Vegalta Sendai") in 2013. In 2018, she moved to Urawa Reds. +On June 2, 2016, Sasaki debuted for the Japan national team against United States. She played 8 games for Japan until 2017. + += = = Sonoko Chiba = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Chiba was born in Osaka on June 15, 1993. After graduating from Himeji Hinomoto College, she joined AS Harima Albion based in Himeji in 2014. +On June 2, 2016, Chiba debuted for Japan national team against United States. She played 5 games for Japan until 2017. + += = = Lissone = = = +Lissone is a "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Monza and Brianza in Lombardy, Italy. + += = = Yu Nakasato = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Nakasato was born in Fuchu on July 14, 1994. In 2011, she joined Nippon TV Beleza (later "Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza") from their youth team. She was selected Best Eleven in 2017 season. +In August 2012, Nakasato was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2012 U-20 World Cup and Japan won the 3rd place. On June 2, 2016, she debuted for the Japan national team against United States. She played 20 games for Japan until 2018. + += = = Hikari Takagi = = = + is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Takagi was born in Mishima on May 21, 1993. After graduating from Waseda University, she joined Nojima Stella Kanagawa Sagamihara in 2016. She played 53 matches for the club. She retired end of 2018 season. +Hikari played for the Japan U-17 national team at 2010 U-17 World Cup which Japan won the 2nd place and the U-20 team at 2012 U-20 World Cup which Japan won the 3rd place. On June 5, 2016, she debuted for the Japan national team against United States. She was a member of Japan for 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won the championship. She played 19 games and scored 1 goal for Japan until 2018. + += = = Yuka Momiki = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Momiki joined Nippon TV Beleza (Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza) from their youth team in 2011. She was selected Best Eleven in 2016 and 2017. In May 2020, Momiki signed for OL Reign. +In 2012, Momiki was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2012 U-17 World Cup. In 2016, Momiki was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2016 U-20 World Cup. At this competition, she played 6 games and scored 7 goals, and Japan won the 3rd place. In 2017, Momiki was selected the Japan national team for 2017 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 1, she debuted against Spain. In 2018, she played at 2018 Asian Games and Japan won the champions. In 2019, she was selected Japan for 2019 World Cup. + += = = Yui Hasegawa = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Hasegawa was born in Miyagi Prefecture on January 29, 1997. She joined Nippon TV Beleza (later "Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza") from their youth team in 2013. She was selected Best Eleven for 4 years in a row (2017-2020). In 2021, she signed with AC Milan. +Hasegawa was a member of the Japan U-17 national team during the 2012 and 2014 U-17 World Cup. In 2014, the U-17 Japan team won the championship. She was also a member of the Japan U-20 team for the 2016 U-20 World Cup, when Japan won third place. In 2017, she was selected for the Japan national team for the 2017 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 1, she played against Spain. In 2018, she played at the 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won the championship. She also played at 2018 Asian Games and Japan won the champions. In 2019, she was selected Japan for 2019 World Cup. + += = = Sakiko Ikeda = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Ikeda was born in Saitama on September 8, 1992. In 2011, she was promoted to Urawa Reds from their youth team. +In 2008, Ikeda played for the Japan U-17 national team at the 2008 U-17 World Cup. In 2012, she also played for the Japan U-20 national team at the 2012 U-20 World Cup, and Japan won third place. In 2017, she was selected for the Japan national team, when they played in the 2017 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 6, she played against Norway. She was a member of Japan for the 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won the championship. She also played at 2018 Asian Games and Japan won the champions. In 2019, she was selected Japan for 2019 World Cup. + += = = Ayumi Oya = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Oya was born in Midori on November 8, 1994. She joined Ehime FC in 2011. +On April 9, 2017, Oya debuted for the Japan national team against Costa Rica. She played 9 games for Japan until 2018. + += = = Rin Sumida = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Sumida was born in Fujisawa on January 12, 1996. She joined Nippon TV Beleza from their youth team in 2012. She played 116 matches for the club until 2018. In 2019, she moved to Mynavi Vegalta Sendai (later "Mynavi Sendai"). +In 2012, Sumida played for the Japan U-17 national team at 2012 U-17 World Cup. She also played for the Japan U-20 national team at 2016 U-20 World Cup and Japan won the 3rd place. On April 9, 2017, she debuted for the Japan national team against Costa Rica. In 2018, she was a member for 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won the championship. She also played at 2018 Asian Games and Japan won the champions. She played 22 games for Japan until 2018. + += = = Tinatin Bokuchava = = = +Tinatin Bokuchava (born 29 May 1983) is a Georgian politician, Member of United National Movement. She is a Member of Parliament of Georgia since 2012. She studied at Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. In 2011 - at Smith College. From 2009 to 2011 she worked in National-Democratic Institute. She is a Leader of women's wing of United National Movement. + += = = Miho Manya = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Manya was born in Osaka Prefecture on November 5, 1996. After graduating from Hinomoto Gakuen High School, she joined Vegalta Sendai (later "Mynavi Sendai") in 2015. However, she could not play in Nadeshiko League competition for injury in 2015 and 2016 season. In 2017, she debuted in Nadeshiko League and became a regular player as left side back. +In 2012, Manya was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2012 U-17 World Cup. On July 27, 2017, she debuted for the Japan national team against Brazil. She played 7 games for Japan in 2017. + += = = Nana Ichise = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Ichise was born in Tokushima on August 4, 1997. After graduating from Tokiwagi Gakuen High School, she joined Vegalta Sendai (later "Mynavi Sendai") in 2016. +Ichise played for the Japan U-17 national team at 2014 U-17 World Cup and the Japan U-20 national team at 2016 U-20 World Cup. Japan won the championship at U-17 World Cup and 3rd place at U-20 World Cup. On April 9, 2017, she debuted for the Japan national team against Costa Rica. In 2018, she played for 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won the championship. She played 19 games for Japan until 2019. + += = = Madoka Haji = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Haji was born in Nagoya on July 8, 1988. After graduating from Seiwa Gakuen High School, she joined INAC Kobe Leonessa in 2007. In 2012, she moved to Iga FC Kunoichi. In 2018, she moved to Mynavi Vegalta Sendai. In 2019, she moved to the South Korean club Suwon UDC. +On July 30, 2017, Haji played for the Japan national team for the first time against Australia. She played seven games for Japan until 2018. + += = = Hikaru Kitagawa = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Kitagawa was born in Kanazawa on May 10, 1997. After graduating from JFA Academy Fukushima, she joined Urawa Reds in 2015. She played as regular right side back from first season. However her opportunity to play decreased from 2017. In September 2018, she moved to Albirex Niigata. +Kitagawa played for the Japan U-17 national team at 2014 U-17 World Cup and the Japan U-20 national team at 2016 U-20 World Cup. Japan won the championship at U-17 World Cup and the 3rd place at U-20 World Cup. In 2017, she was selected the Japan national team for 2017 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 1, she debuted against Spain. She played 5 games for Japan in 2017. + += = = Kaede Nakamura = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Nakamura was born in Iwate Prefecture on August 3, 1991. After graduating from Tokiwagi Gakuen High School, she joined Albirex Niigata in 2010. She played 118 matches in 11 seasons. In 2021, she moved to new club Sanfrecce Hiroshima Regina. +In 2017, Nakamura was selected the Japan national team for 2017 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on March 3, she debuted against Iceland. She played 3 games for Japan in 2017. + += = = Roentgen (unit) = = = +The roentgen or röntgen is a unit of measurement for the exposure of X-rays and gamma rays. It is defined as the electric charge freed by such radiation in a specified volume of air divided by the mass of that air. It is named after the German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen, who discovered X-rays. + += = = Idaho's 1st congressional district = = = +Idaho's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S state of Idaho. The district is in the western part of the state. The congressional district is in the suburbs of Boise, Idaho and is in Ada and Canyon counties. It also includes the entire northern part of the state, through the Panhandle. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The 1st district is currently represented by Russ Fulcher, a Republican. + += = = Mami Ueno = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Ueno was born in Kumamoto Prefecture on September 27, 1996. After graduating from Kamimura Gakuen High School, she joined Ehime FC in 2015. She played 103 matches and scored 29 goals until 2020. In 2021, she moved to new club Sanfrecce Hiroshima Regina. +Ueno was a member of the Japan U-20 national team for 2016 U-20 World Cup and Japan won the 3rd place. She scored 5 goals and 2 assists, and get Golden Shoe awards. On April 9, 2017, she debuted for the Japan national team against Costa Rica. + += = = Shiho Tomari = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Tomari was born in Nagoya on March 26, 1990. After graduating from Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, she joined Urawa Reds in 2012. In 2015, she moved to AC Nagano Parceiro. She played 61 matches and scored 19 goals. In 2018, she moved to Austrian Frauenliga club Wacker Innsbruck. In 2019, she moved to German 2. Frauen-Bundesliga club Cloppenburg. In 2020, she returned to AC Nagano Parceiro. +On July 27, 2017, Tomari debuted for the Japan national team against Brazil. She played 2 games for Japan in 2017. + += = = Idaho's 2nd congressional district = = = +Idaho's 2nd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S state of Idaho. It is in the eastern part of the state. The capital city of Idaho, Boise, Idaho is in the district. The other big cities in the 2nd district are Idaho Falls, Pocatello, Twin Falls, Rexburg, Hailey and Sun Valley. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Mike Simpson, a Republican from Idaho Falls. + += = = Riho Sakamoto = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Sakamoto was born in Tochigi Prefecture on July 7, 1992. After graduating from Tokiwagi Gakuen High School, she joined Urawa Reds in 2011. She moved to AC Nagano Parceiro in 2015. She played 69 matches until 2018. In 2019, she moved to NHK Spring Yokohama FC Seagulls. She left the club end of 2020 season. +In 2012, Sakamoto was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2012 U-20 World Cup. Japan won the 3rd place. On July 30, 2017, she debuted for the Japan national team against Australia. + += = = Hanna Novosad = = = +Hanna Ihorivna Novosad (Ukrainian: ����� �������� �������; born 28 July 1990) is a Ukrainian educational activist, civil servant and politician. The Minister of Education and Science of Ukraine in the Honcharuk Government. +Biography. +In 2007, she graduated from the Ukrainian Humanities Lyceum at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. In 2011, Novosad received a Bachelor's degree in Political Science from the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. In 2013, she received a Master's degree in European Studies from Maastricht University (the Netherlands). Novosad is fluent in English and German. +During 2012–2013, Novosad had internships in think tanks in Spain and the Czech Republic. Member of the Canada-Ukraine Parliamentary Program. +Scandals. +On August 29, 2019, in her Facebook post, Anna Novosad made mistakes, to which Iryna Farion drew attention. After that, Hanna Novosad had to correct mistakes, edit the post and leave an additional comment. + += = = Hourglass tree frog = = = +The hourglass tree frog ("Dendropsophus ebraccatus") is a frog that lives in Mexico, Colombia, Belize and Nicaragua. Scientists have seen it as high as 1600 meters above sea level. +The adult male frog is 23.63 to 26.75 mm long from nose to rear end and the largest adult female frogs are 36.5 mm long. Frogs that live high up in the hills are larger than frogs that live low and close to the ocean. This frog's head is wider than its body. It has yellow skin and a brown pattern on its back that look like an hourglass. +Male frogs sing for females after it rains. The rain creates pools of water that are not there during the dry season. The males sit on plants high above the pools and sing so the females will come to them. There are also "sneaker males" who sit between the pools and the singing males so the females will meet them first. +The females lay 180 to 300 eggs at a time. Most frogs can lay eggs either on land or in water but not both. However, the hourglass tree frog can lay eggs on both. If the pool is in the sun, the female frog will lay her eggs on a piece of plant under the surface of the water so that they don't dry out. If the pool is in the shade, she will lay her eggs near the water so that the tadpoles fall into it after they hatch. For example, she may lay her eggs on a leaf on a branch hanging over the water. If she lays eggs in the water, fish might eat them. If she lays eggs on a leaf, wasps, ants or spiders might eat them. +The tadpoles can be 6.72 to 7.47 mm long when they first hatch and they can grow to 2.9 cm. They eat algae and hide in underwater plants. +The nematode worm parasite "Cosmocerca parva" can infect this frog. +This frog does not get very sick from the chytridiomycosis fungal disease the way many other frogs do. Scientists found that the microbiota of hourglass tree frogs, which is all the bacteria and other microorganisms that live on and in the frog's body, is different from the microbiota of other frogs. Scientists think this might protect the hourglass tree frog from chytridiomycosis but they are not sure. +Scientists and students use the hourglass tree frog as a test animal because it is not endangered and because it can lay eggs on land or in water. Humans also keep these frogs as pets. + += = = Kao Phaba = = = +"Kao Phaba" (), also known as "Khambana Kao Phaba" () (literally, "Khamba capturing the bull"), is an episode of capturing the feral bull by Khuman Khamba in the Khamba Thoibi epic legend. It is one of the most well known and the most celebrated legends in the modern popular culture of Manipur. +In 2010, under the banner of the Laihui productions, an opera was produced "Kao, The Sacred Bull", based on the legend of capturing the bull. +In 2019, a popular form of the episode, was reproduced in a canvas painting, with the title, "Khambana kao phaba". It was shown in an art exhibition in Bhopal, India. +In 2020, the legend of capturing the bull, was displayed in its theatrical production, under the title "Kao Faba", in the Iboyaima Shummang Leela Shanglen, Palace Compound, Imphal. + += = = New Mexico's 3rd congressional district = = = +New Mexico's 3rd congressional district () is a congressional district is the U.S state of New Mexico. The district is in the north part of the state. Many Native Americans live in the district and most of the Navajo Nation is also in the district. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The current Representative is Democrat Teresa Leger Fernandez. + += = = Risa Shimizu = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Shimizu was born in Kobe on June 15, 1996. In 2013, she was promoted to Nippon TV Beleza (later "Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza") from their youth team. She was selected Best Eleven for 4 years in a row (2017-2020). +In 2012, Shimizu was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2012 U-17 World Cup. In 2017, she was selected the Japan national team for . At this competition, on February 28, she debuted against Netherlands. She also played at 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won the championship. She also played at 2018 Asian Games and Japan won the champions. In 2019, she was selected Japan for 2019 World Cup. + += = = Moeno Sakaguchi = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Sakaguchi was born in Kanagawa Prefecture on June 4, 1992. After graduating from Musashigaoka College, he joined Nadeshiko League club Albirex Niigata in 2013. She played 134 matches until 2019. In 2020, she moved to INAC Kobe Leonessa. +In April 2018, Sakaguchi was selected the Japan national team for 2018 Women's Asian Cup. Although she did not play in the match, Japan team won the champions for 2 tournament in a row. On June 10, she debuted as substitute midfielder from the second half against New Zealand. She also played at 2018 Asian Games and Japan won the champions. She played 12 games and scored 1 goal for Japan until 2019. + += = = Narumi Miura = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Miura was born in Kawasaki on July 3, 1997. She joined Nadeshiko League club Nippon TV Beleza (later "Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza") from their youth team in 2016. She played many matches from first season and the club won the champions for 4 years in a row (2016-2019). +In September 2013, Miura was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2013 AFC U-16 Women's Championship. She scored 2 goals including opening goal at the final and Japan team won the champions for 2 tournaments in a row. In August 2015, she was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2015 AFC U-19 Women's Championship and Japan won the champions. In November 2016, she was selected the U-20 Japan for 2016 U-20 Women's World Cup. At this tournament, she played 5 matches and Japan won the 3rd place. +On June 10, 2018, Miura debuted for the Japan national team against New Zealand. In 2019, she was selected Japan for 2019 World Cup. + += = = Nataliya Boyko = = = +Natalia Boyko (Ukrainian: "������� ��������� �����;" born September 7, 1989, Lviv, Ukraine) is a Ukrainian stateswoman and politician. She has served as Deputy Minister of Energy and Coal Industry of Ukraine (2017-2019). Deputy chairperson of the Supervisory Board of NJSC Naftogaz of Ukraine and Advisor to the Prime Minister of Ukraine. +Education. +In 2011, Natalia graduated from the Faculty of Law of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv with a master's degree in law with honors. Her research topic was "Legislative Basis of the European Union Energy Policy". +Interned in Salzburg (Austria) at the Department of Environmental and Energy Law. She studied at the School of Austrian Law, Faculty of Law, Lviv National University. I. Franko in cooperation with the Faculty of Law of the University of Vienna, the School of German Law, Faculty of Law, Lviv National University. I. Franko in cooperation with the German Foundation for International Legal Cooperation. +She studied at the Faculty of Law of the Humboldt University of Berlin on an Erasmus scholarship in the program "German and EU Law". +Career. +Until 2015, she worked in Frankfurt am Main (Germany) at Environmental Resources Management as a consultant and project coordinator for international gas companies and financial institutions, in particular, led projects in the Ukrainian oil and gas sector. +From 2015 to 2019, at the suggestion of Deputy Head of the Administration of the President of Ukraine Dmytro Shymkiv, she worked in the Administration of the President of Ukraine, in particular, held the position of Adviser to the Administration. +From February 22, 2017, to September 2019, at the suggestion of the Minister of Energy and Coal Industry of Ukraine Ihor Nasalik, she held the position of Deputy Minister for European Integration. From the government, she was responsible for the preparation of the National Energy Strategy of Ukraine until 2035. By order of August 18, 2017 No605-r, the government approved the Energy Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2035 "Security, energy efficiency, competitiveness". +From September 27, 2017, to 2020 - Member of the UN Sustainable Energy Committee Bureau. +From November 2019 to March 2020 she held the position of Advisor to the Prime Minister of Ukraine Oleksiy Honcharuk. +Since May 2020 she has held the position of Advisor to the Prime Minister of Ukraine Denys Shmyhal. +From September 2019 to September 2021 - Representative of the State in the Supervisory Board of National Joint Stock Company "Naftogaz of Ukraine". On 24 January 2023 has been appointed as a state representative in the Supervisory Board of Naftogaz again. On 14 February 2023 became the deputy chairperson of the Supervisory Board. + += = = New Mexico's 1st congressional district = = = +New Mexico's 1st congressional district () is a congressional district is the U.S state of New Mexico. The district is in the middle of the state. The district has the counties of Bernalillo County, all of Torrance County, and parts of Sandoval, Santa Fe and Valencia counties. It also includes almost most of Albuquerque. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Democrat Melanie Stansbury. + += = = Aimi Kunitake = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Kunitake was born in Yamato, Kumamoto on January 10, 1997. After graduating from Musashigaoka College, she joined Nadeshiko League club Nojima Stella Kanagawa Sagamihara in 2017. She became a regular player as center back and played all league matches until 2019. In 2020, she moved to Mynavi Vegalta Sendai. +On July 29, 2018, Kunitake debuted for the Japan national team against Brazil. She also played at 2018 Asian Games and Japan won the champions. She played 3 games for Japan in 2018. + += = = Pokémon Ultra Sun and Ultra Moon = = = +Pokémon Ultra Sun and Pokémon Ultra Moon are role-playing games in the 7th generation of "Pokémon". It was released on the Nintendo 3DS in 2017. They are improved versions of "Pokémon Sun and Moon", the games that released a year before. + += = = Mayo Doko = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Doko was born in Toda on May 3, 1996. In 2012, when she was 15 years old, she joined Nadeshiko League club Nippon TV Beleza (later "Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza") from their youth team. She played many matches as center back from first season. The club also won the champions for 5 years in a row (2015-2019). +In August 2012, when Doko was 16 years old, she was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2012 U-20 Women's World Cup was held in Japan. At this tournament, she played as center back in all 6 matches and Japan won the 3rd place. On July 29, 2018, Doko debuted for the Japan national team as substitute center back from the 68th minute instead Aimi Kunitake for injury against Brazil. + += = = Chika Hirao = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Hirao was born in Matsudo on December 31, 1996. She joined Nadeshiko League club Urawa Reds from JFA Academy Fukushima in 2014. She played many matches as regular goalkeeper and the club won the champions in first season. However her opportunity to play decreased behind Sakiko Ikeda from 2015 season. In 2018, she moved to Albirex Niigata. +In September 2012, when Hirao was 15 years old, she was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2012 U-17 Women's World Cup and she played 3 matches as regular goalkeeper. In November 2016, she was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2016 U-20 Women's World Cup. She played 5 matches and Japan won the 3rd place. +In April 2018, Hirao was selected the Japan national team for 2018 Women's Asian Cup. Although she did not play in any matches, Japan won the championship after two tournaments in a row. On August 2, she debuted against Australia. In 2019, she was selected Japan for 2019 World Cup. She played 2 games for Japan until 2019. + += = = Hina Sugita = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Sugita was born in Kitakyushu on January 31, 1997. After graduating from Fujieda Junshin High School, she joined Nadeshiko League club INAC Kobe Leonessa in 2015. She debuted as midfielder in 2015. She became a regular player in 2016 and was selected Best Young player award in 2016 season. +In September 2012, when Sugita was 15 years old, she was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2012 U-17 Women's World Cup. She played all 4 matches and scored 2 goals. In 2013, she played at 2013 AFC U-16 Women's Championship and Japan won the champions for 2 championship in a row. She also scored 6 goals and was selected MVP award. In 2014, she was selected the U-17 Japan for 2014 U-17 Women's World Cup. She played 5 matches as captain and scored 5 goals. Japan won the champions first time. She was also selected Golden Ball (MVP) award. In November 2016, she was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2016 U-20 Women's World Cup. She played all 6 matches and Japan won the 3rd place. She was also selected Golden Ball award. +On August 2, 2018, Sugita debuted for the Japan national team as substitute midfielder from the 72nd minute against Australia. In 2019, she was selected the Japan for 2019 World Cup. + += = = Joseph Kesenge Wandangakongu = = = +Joseph Kesenge Wandangakongu (4 April 1928 – 19 February 2021) was a Congolese Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Molegbe. +He was ordained to the priesthood in 1957. He was bishop of the Diocese of Molegbe from 1969 to 1997. +Kesenge Wandangakongu died on 19 February 2021 in Gbadolite at the age of 92. + += = = Kira Rudyk = = = +Kira Oleksandrivna Rudyk (born October 14, 1985 in Uzhhorod) is a Ukrainian politician and current leader of the political party "Golos" and since 2019 a member of the Ukrainian parliament. +Biography. +Born on 14 October 1985 in Uzhhorod, Rudyk graduated in 2008 from the Faculty of Informatics of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy with a degree in Information Control Systems and Technologies. She worked in several IT companies in Ukraine and the United States, and went from being a tester to a top manager. +Education. +In 2002 she entered the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, majoring in Information Technology. +Career and business. +In 2005, in the third year of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, Kira got a job at Software MacKiev. +In 2016 she started developing Ring Ukraine. At one time, Kira persuaded the head of the American startup Ring to open an office in Ukraine. In 3 years, Kira has transformed a small branch of the international company Ring Ukraine into a large company with about a thousand employees and three offices in different cities of Ukraine. +2018 - Amazon enters into a $ 1 billion Ring acquisition, facilitated by Kira Rudyk. Under her leadership, the company has grown from 10 to 1,000 employees. + += = = Free people of color = = = +When talking about the colonies in the New World, the term free people of color was used for people who had both European, and African, and sometimes native American parents, but who were not slaves. This term applied to many people in Louisiana (which was known as 'New France' at the time), and the Carribean islands. In the colonies, these people were classified in various ways, usually depending on what they looked like. The term became popular in the late 17th century. In the thirteen colonies, these people were sometimes called free negroes. +The term did not apply to freed slaves, which were usually known as "affranchi", in French. + += = = Jerome Is the New Black = = = +"Jerome Is the New Black" is the 7th episode of Family Guys 8th season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on November 22, 2009. The episode is about Peter and his friends meeting a guy named Jerome. Peter does not trust him because he learns that Jerome dated Peter's wife before. +The episode was written by John Viener. Brian Iles is the director of the episode. About 7.38 million people watched the episode when it was first broadcast. +Story. +Peter, Quagmire, and Joe are sad because their friend Cleveland went to Virginia. They try to look for another guy to be in their group of friends. They find a black person named Jerome. Jerome becomes their friend when he shows them his skills in darts. At his house, Peter shows Jerome to his wife Lois. She says that she and Jerome dated many years ago. Peter starts to feel jealous. He throws a bottle through Jerome's house. This accidentally starts a fire and burns Jerome's house. Jerome goes to Lois and says that he will hurt the guy who burned his house. He does not know that Peter did it. Lois lets Jerome stay in their house. Peter starts to act very jealously. He dresses as a ghost that makes him look like a member of the Ku Klux Klan. This was to make Jerome leave their house. Lois tells Peter in an argument that Jerome got him a gift. Peter goes back to Jerome and says he is sorry for acting badly to him. Jerome forgives Peter and they still be friends. +Brian wants to be in Peter's group of friends. Peter says that he can not because Quagmire does not like him. Brian goes to Quagmire's house and tries to be good to him. However, he makes Quagmire angry when he accidentally thinks his abused sister is his girlfriend. Brian tries to make Quagmire feel better by getting him to go to dinner. At dinner, Brian tries to start small talk. This does not work, so he asks Quagmire why he does not like him. Quagmire makes a long rant on everything that Brian does that he does not like. Brian goes back home and cries on the way there. Stewie makes him feel better by saying he only needs to like himself. +Production. +The episode was first talked about at the 2009 San Diego Comic-Con. The episode was written by John Viener. Brian Iles is the director of the episode. The episode was made to give Peter's group of friend another person after Cleveland Brown was taken out of "Family Guy" and moved to "The Cleveland Show". Kevin Michael Richardson guest stars as the voice actor for Jerome. He said that he made Jerome similar to Rockfeller Butts from "The Knights of Prosperity" (another character he was the role of). Nana Visitor guest stars as a woman in a restaurant. Johnny Brennan, Chris Cox, Ralph Garman, Mark Hentemann, Alec Sulkin, and John Viener were the voice actors for other characters in the episode. +Reception. +The episode was watched by about 7.38 million people when it was first broadcast. +Emily VanDerWerff from "The A.V. Club" thought that the episode's story started well but then got further bad in the episode. She thought that a "South Park" episode with a similar story of Kenny McCormick being replaced was done better. However, she said she liked Quagmire's long rant. Ahsan Haque from IGN did not like how the episode was made. Haque thought that the episode's story sounded better as an idea. Ramsey Isler (another IGN reviewer) said that the episode was not funny and the writing was lazy and not original. + += = = Seduction = = = +Seduction is to convince someone to do something which he or she did not want to do at the start. It can also mean convincing the person to do something he or she ought not to do (such as acting against a rule). Most commonly the term is used to convince another person to have a sexual relationship. + += = = List of All in the Family episodes = = = +This is a list of all the episodes of "All in the Family" which was on CBS from 1971 to 1979. +Series overview. +<onlyinclude> +</onlyinclude> + += = = Jazz guitar = = = +A jazz guitar is a type of electric guitar. It is a type of guitar used in the various genres which are commonly called "jazz". The jazz-type guitar was born as a result of using electric amplification to increase the volume of conventional acoustic guitars. When guitarists in big bands only had acoustic guitars, all they could do was play chords; they could not play solos because the acoustic guitar is not a loud instrument. + += = = Ugochukwu Oduenyi = = = +Ugochukwu Ogbonnaya Oduenyi (born 3 February 1996) is a Nigerian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Ukrainian Premier League club FC Minaj. +Club Career. +Early career +Oduenyi started his career at famous Emmanuel Amuneke academy, Lagos, Nigeria. +LASK +In August 2018, Oduenyi left the shores of Nigeria and signed with Austrian Bundesliga club LASK. He penned two-year deal with the Austrian club but was loaned to a Second division club NK Sesvete in Croatia. +NK Sesvete +In October 2018 he made his debut for Sesvete in the 2nd HNL when he came on as a substitute for Mario Vasilj in the 60th minute against NK BSK Bijelo Brdo on matchday eight of the 2018/19 season. The loan ended during the winter break of that season and Oduenyi was on loan to the Austrian second division club SV Horn in January 2019. +SV Horn +He made his debut in the second division in February 2019, when he was in the starting line-up against FC Liefering on matchday 16 of that season and was replaced by Kelvin Arase in the 58th minute. +SV Reid +In September 2019, Oduenyi signed permanently with another Austrian club SV Reid in the second division. He was part of the team success to gain promotion to the Austrian Bundesliga (Top League) in 2020 and was released after contract expiration. +FC Minaj +In January 2021, Oduenyi signed for FC Minaj to join Ukraine Premier league team as a free player and was handed a famous No. 9 jersey. His agent Salutan Momoh Danessi who broke the transfer news, said the player’s confidence is on the high side and will be looking forward to giving his best on the pitch. +“Ugochukwu, is a top quality striker, he’s very happy to sign with FC Minaj and be part of the family of the club, his going to give 100% of his best and commit himself to the club, he love scoring goals, I am very sure, he will take the club to another level in the Premier league.” On the 6th of February, Oduenyi has taken very little time to show his goals power after he produced a screamer for new Ukrainian club FC Minaj in a pre-season match against Olimpik Donetsk in Turkey. +Honours. +2. Liga (Austria) + += = = Saint-Clément-sur-Durance = = = +Saint-Clément-sur-Durance is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Saint-Crépin, Hautes-Alpes = = = +Saint-Crépin is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Cabrales = = = +Cabrales is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Cabranes = = = +Cabranes is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Cangas de Onís = = = +Cangas de Onís () is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Candamo = = = +Candamo () is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Saint-Disdier = = = +Saint-Disdier used to be a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. On 1 January 2013, it became part of the new commune of Le Dévoluy. + += = = Le Dévoluy = = = +Le Dévoluy is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. The municipality was created on 1 January 2013 by combining Agnières-en-Dévoluy, La Cluse, Saint-Disdier and Saint-Étienne-en-Dévoluy. + += = = Saint-Étienne-en-Dévoluy = = = +Saint-Étienne-en-Dévoluy used to be a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. On 1 January 2013, it became part of the new commune of Le Dévoluy. + += = = Sainte-Colombe, Hautes-Alpes = = = +Sainte-Colombe is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Transport. +Road. +The D30 and D30A communes pass through the commune. +Location. +Sainte-Colombe borders the Drôme department. + += = = Saint-Étienne-le-Laus = = = +Saint-Étienne-le-Laus is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Grover Beach, California = = = +Grover Beach is a city in San Luis Obispo County, California. + += = = Media Matters for America = = = +Media Matters for America (MMfA) is a left-wing organization that criticizes right-wing media. Journalist and political activist David Brock founded MMfA in 2004. It often criticizes Fox News. + += = = Joey Stivic = = = +Joey Stivic is a fictional character on the American situation comedy "All in the Family" and the show's spin-offs "Archie Bunker's Place", "Gloria" and "704 Hauser". He is the son of Gloria Stivic and Michael Stivic. Joey is the grandson of Archie Bunker and Edith Bunker. In "All in the Family", Archie secretly baptized Joey without his parents knowing. Joey lives with his mother after Michael left them in "Gloria". He is played by Christian Jacobs in "Gloria". Joey is played by Casey Siemaszko in "704 Hauser" when he stops by to visit the old house he grew up in. This was the last time Joey Stivic would be seen. + += = = Afsar Asadi = = = +Afsar Asadi (; born 16 January 1958) is an Iranian actress and make-up artist. + += = = Amir (name) = = = +Amir (also spelled Ameer or Emir; ; ) is a multinational and multilingual masculine name. The pronunciation of the name is / (əˈmɪə) /. +In the United States, the number of births with the name Amir in 2021 is 3006, which is 0.162% of the total number of births to males in 2021. +The name comes from the same root as the word Emir. In Hebrew the name may mean crown. + += = = Fuka Nagano = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for Liverpool and for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Nagano was born in Edogawa, Tokyo on March 9, 1999. In 2014, she joined Urawa Reds from their youth team. She played 23 matches until 2017. In 2018, she moved to South Korean club Incheon Hyundai Steel Red Angels. In 2019, she returned to Japan and joined division 2 club Chifure AS Elfen Saitama. In 2021, she moved to Mynavi Sendai. +In 2014, when Nagano was 15 years old, she was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2014 U-17 World Cup. She played 5 matches and Japan won the champions. In 2016, she played at 2016 U-17 World Cup again. Japan won the 2nd place. She played all 6 matches and was selected Golden Ball award. In 2018, she was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2018 U-20 World Cup. She played all 6 matches and scored a goal at the final. Japan won the champions. +On November 11, 2018, Nagano debuted for the Japan national team against Norway. +Honours. +Incheon Hyundai Steel Red Angels +Japan U17 +Japan U20 +Japan + += = = Hinata Miyazawa = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Miyazawa was born in Minamiashigara on November 28, 1999. After graduating from Seisa Kokusai High School, she joined Nippon TV Beleza (later "Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza") in 2018. She was selected Best Young Player Award in 2018 season. In 2021, she moved to Mynavi Sendai. +In September 2016, Miyazawa was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2016 U-17 World Cup. She played at all 6 matches and Japan won the 2nd place. In August 2018, she was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2018 U-20 World Cup. She played at all 6 matches. At final against Spain, she scored an opening goal and Japan won the championship. +November 11, 2018, she debuted for the Japan national team against Norway. +Miyazawa was the top scorer with five goals at the FIFA Women's World Cup in 2023. +Honours. +Tokyo Verdy Beleza +Japan U20 +Japan +Individual + += = = Rikako Kobayashi = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. Her brother Seigo Kobayashi is also footballer. +Biography. +Kobayashi was born in Kobe on July 21, 1997. After graduating from Tokiwagi Gakuen High School, she joined Nadeshiko League club Nippon TV Beleza (later "Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza") in 2016. However she could not play in first 2 seasons due to injury. She debuted in 2018 season. +In 2013, Kobayashi was selected the Japan U-16 national team for 2013 AFC U-16 Championship. She scored 7 goals and became a top scorer. Japan team also won the championship. In 2014, Kobayashi was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2014 U-17 World Cup. She played at 5 matches and scored 2 goals, and Japan won the championship. +In 2015, Kobayashi was selected the Japan U-19 national team for 2015 AFC U-19 Championship. Japan won the championship and she was selected Best players award. Although Japan qualified for the 2016 U-20 World Cup, she was not selected Japan team for the tournament due to injury. +In February 2019, Kobayashi was selected the Japan national team for SheBelieves Cup. At this tournament, on February 27, she debuted against United States. + += = = Jun Endo = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Endo was born in Shirakawa on May 24, 2000. In 2018, she joined Nadeshiko League club Nippon TV Beleza (later "Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza") from JFA Academy Fukushima. +In 2016, Endo was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2016 U-17 World Cup. She played in four matches and scored three goals, and Japan won second place. In 2018, Endo was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2018 U-20 World Cup. She played at all six matches and scored two goals, and Japan won the championship. +In February 2019, Endo was selected for the Japan national team for the SheBelieves Cup. At this tournament, on February 27, she played for the first time against the United States. In 2019, she was selected the Japan for 2019 World Cup. +Honours. +Tokyo Verdy Beleza +Japan U20 +Japan + += = = Moeka Minami = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Minami was born in Yoshikawa on December 7, 1998. She was promoted to Nadeshiko League club Urawa Reds from their youth team in 2017. She was selected Best Eleven in 2019 and 2020. +In 2014, Minami was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2014 U-17 World Cup. She played 1 game against Paraguay in group stage and Japan won the championship. In 2018, Minami was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2018 U-20 World Cup. She played in full-time in all 6 matches as center back and Japan team captain. Japan won the championship and she was also selected Bronze Ball awards. +In February 2019, Minami was selected the Japan national team for SheBelieves Cup. At this tournament, on March 2, she debuted as center back against Brazil. In 2019, she was selected the Japan for 2019 World Cup. + += = = Asato Miyagawa = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Miyagawa was born in Yokohama on February 24, 1998. She was promoted to Nadeshiko League club Nippon TV Beleza (later "Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza") from their youth team in 2016. +In 2014, Miyagawa was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2014 U-17 World Cup. She played in all 6 matches and scored 2 goals, and Japan won the championship. In 2016, Miyagawa was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2016 U-20 World Cup. She played in 4 matches and Japan won the 3rd place. In 2018, Miyagawa was selected the U-20 Japan for 2018 U-20 World Cup second time. She played in all 6 matches and Japan won the championship. +In February 2019, Miyagawa was selected the Japan national team for SheBelieves Cup. At this tournament, on March 2, she debuted as right side back against Brazil. In 2019, she was selected the Japan for 2019 World Cup. + += = = Mayu Ikejiri = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Ikejiri was born in Arao on December 19, 1996. In 2018, she was a Kibi International University student, she played for Okayama Yunogo Belle. After graduating from Kibi International University, she joined South Korean club Suwon UDC WFC in 2019. In 2020, she returned to Japan and signed with Mynavi Vegalta Sendai (later "Mynavi Sendai"). +In February 2019, Ikejiri was selected for the Japan national team for the SheBelieves Cup. She first played in this tournament on February 27, as a defensive midfielder against the United States. + += = = Arisa Matsubara = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Matsubara was born in Otaru on May 1, 1995. After graduating from Waseda University, she joined Nadeshiko League club Nojima Stella Kanagawa Sagamihara in 2018. +In September 2012, Matsubara was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2012 U-17 World Cup. She played at 2 matches. In February 2019, Matsubara was selected the Japan national team for SheBelieves Cup. At this tournament, on February 27, she debuted as defensive midfielder against United States. She played 4 matches and scored one goal for Japan in 2019. + += = = Risako Oga = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Oga was born in Tokyo Metropolis on January 4, 1997. After graduating from Nippon Sport Science University, she joined Nadeshiko League club Nojima Stella Kanagawa Sagamihara in 2019. +In February 2019, Oga was selected the Japan national team for SheBelieves Cup. At this tournament, on February 27, she debuted against United States. She played 3 matches for Japan in 2019 + += = = Tito and Me = = = +Tito and Me is a 1992 Serbian comedy movie directed by Goran Marković and starring Dimitrije Vojnov, Olja Bećković, Voja Brajović, Miki Manojlović, Anica Dobra, Lazar Ristovski. It was distributed by Kino International. + += = = Riko Ueki = = = + is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Ueki was born in Kawasaki on July 30, 1999. She joined Nadeshiko League club Nippon TV Beleza (later "Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza") from their youth team in 2016. She became a regular player as forward from 2017 season. +In 2016, Ueki was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2016 U-17 World Cup. She played at 5 matches and scored 4 goals, and Japan won the 2nd place. In 2018, Ueki was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2018 U-20 World Cup. She played at all 6 matches and scored 5 goals, and Japan won the championship. +On April 4, 2019, Ueki debuted for Japan national team against France. + += = = Saori Takarada = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Takarada was born in Tateyema on December 27, 1999. In 2013, Takarada joined Nadeshiko League club Cerezo Osaka Sakai. She played 143 matches and scored 56 goals until 2020. In 2021, she signed with Washington Spirit. +In 2016, Takarada was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2016 U-17 World Cup. She played at 5 matches and scored 2 goals, and Japan won the 2nd place. In 2018, Takarada was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2018 U-20 World Cup. She played at all 6 matches and scored 5 goals including a goal against Spain at the final, and Japan won the championship. She was also selected Silver Ball and Bronze Boot awards. +In May 2019, Takarada was selected the Japan national team for 2019 World Cup instead of Riko Ueki withdraw due to injury. At this tournament, on 10 June, she debuted against Argentina. She played 3 matches for Japan in 2019. + += = = Cultural nationalism = = = +Cultural nationalism is a form of nationalism in which the nation is defined by a shared culture. Therefore, it focuses on a national identity shaped by cultural traditions, but not on the concepts of common ancestry or race. + += = = Trapeze = = = +A trapeze is a short horizontal bar hung by ropes or metal straps from a support. It is an aerial apparatus commonly found in circus performances. Trapeze acts may be static, spinning, swinging or flying, and may be performed solo, double, triple or as a group act. + += = = Haustorium = = = +A haustorium (plural: "haustoria") is a term in botany. It is a root-like structure which attaches to a tree or other plant host. Fungi and parasitic plants like mistletoe use haustoria to get nutrients from hosts. +Contrast with the term epiphyte, which means "living on". Many other plants live on large trees, but only a few have hausteria. + += = = Kiko Seike = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Seike was born in Tokyo Metropolis on August 8, 1996. In 2014, she joined Nadeshiko League club Urawa Reds from their youth team. In 2015, she was selected Best Young Player Award. +In December 2019, Seike was selected by the Japan national team for the EAFF E-1 Championship. At this tournament, she debuted and scored a goal against Chinese Taipei on December 11. + += = = Khoirentak tiger = = = +The Khoirentak tiger () was a vicious monster in Meitei mythology that lived in Khoirentak a kom village. It was eventually killed by Khuman Khamba. +The tiger caused havoc to the people of the Khoirentak in Ancient Moirang, thereby becoming the "man eater" of the region. Finally, Khuman Khamba and Nongban were ordered by the king, to catch the beast. In the first encounter, Nongban was killed by the tiger and at the final meet, Khuman Khamba successfully captured and killed it. Finally, when he brought it to the capital city of Ancient Moirang, Thoibi was given to him, hand in marriage.<ref name="Masterpieces of Indian Literature: Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi ... - +Author + += = = Hana Takahashi = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Takahashi was born in Kawaguchi on February 19, 2000. In 2018, She joined Nadeshiko League club Urawa Reds. +In 2016, Takahashi was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2016 U-17 World Cup. She played as forward at 4 matches and scored 3 goals including 2 goals at semifinal. Japan won the 2nd place. In 2018, Takarada was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2018 U-20 World Cup. She played as center back in full-time in all 6 matches and Japan won the championship. +On October 16, 2019, Takahashi debuted for the Japan national team against Canada. + += = = Ethan Rains = = = +Ethan Rains (born 19 February 1981 in Tehran) is an Iranian-American actor. + += = = Majid Habibi = = = +Majid Habibi (born 30 December 1981) is an Iranian voice actor. +From a very early age, he showed an interest in learning martial arts such as Judo, Kyokushin, Pro Wrestling, and Wado-Ryu Karate. And then as a young adult, he started to practice Wushu by the famous coaches, Mohammad PourGholami and Masoud Jafari. Due to strong desire for this martial art, he kept on practicing for years and achieved considerable success and became champion and vice-champion in 2000 and 2001 in the state championship. He was also considered as a coach and judge. + += = = Akari Kurishima = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Kurishima was born in Chiba Prefecture on September 14, 1994. In 2011, she joined Nadeshiko League club Urawa Reds from their youth team. +In December 2019, Kurishima was selected the Japan national team for EAFF E-1 Championship. At this tournament, on December 11, she debuted against Chinese Taipei. + += = = Honoka Hayashi = = = + is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Hayashi was born in Uji on May 19, 1998. She joined Nadeshiko League club Cerezo Osaka Sakai in 2013. She played 150 matches and scored 36 goals until 2020. In 2021, she moved to Swedish club AIK. +In 2016, Hayashi was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2016 U-20 World Cup. She played 2 matches and scored one goal. Japan won the 3rd place. In 2018, she played at 2018 U-20 World Cup again. She played all 6 matches and scored a goal at first match against United States. Japan won the champions. +In December 2019, Hayashi was selected the Japan national team for EAFF E-1 Championship. At this tournament, on December 11, she debuted against Chinese Taipei. + += = = Britain (place name) = = = +The name Britain is very old. The name comes from the ancient Romans' name for the ancient Britons (). The English language word comes from . It can mean Great Britain, the British Isles, or the British state – the United Kingdom. +The Romans started using this name after learning it from the ancient Greeks in the Hellenistic period. The Greeks gave the people of Britain the name in and used as the place name . +The Greek name for the people of Britain was also written as , and as . This name may itself have come from one of the Brythonic languages of ancient Britain. The Greek name is like the word for Britain in the , which comes from the . +There may be a connection between the Greeks' and Romans' name and the Celtic languages. However, it may be that the word comes from one of the languages of the Mediterranean Basin. It could mean "tin". Britain's greatest export in the distant past was tin. Words in ancient Egyptian languages have similarities with the Ancient Greek and Latin names. It is also possible that the word for "tin" in these languages itself came from the name of Britain or its people. +Britannia was the common Latin name for the island of Great Britain starting in the 1st century BC. Britannia replaced the name Albion as the Romans' common name for the island. After the Romans overcame the ancient Britons in war in 43 AD, Britannia could mean just the southern two thirds of the island which was under Roman control. (Caledonia, north of the River Forth in modern Scotland, was only sometimes controlled by the Roman army.) +The writings of the Roman cartographer Ptolemy used the name "Great Britain" for the island in the 2nd century AD. He used the name "Megale Britannia" or "Great Britain" () to show the difference between this larger island and Ireland. For Ireland, Ptolemy used the name "Mikra Britannia" or "Little Britain" (). +The word was used in the Old English language to mean Great Britain. After the time of the Anglo-Saxons, the name Britain was most used in history writing. In the early 16th century however, the name became more common in English for political reasons. + += = = Hitoshi Sasaki = = = +Hitoshi Sasaki can mean: + += = = Bokermann's Tarauaca tree frog = = = +Bokermann's Tarauaca tree frog ("Dendropsophus bokermanni") is a frog that lives in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil. Scientists have seen it as high as 800 meters above sea level. +This frog comes in different colors, including yellow and bronze. It has stripes and other marks on its back. The adult male frog is 20.0 to 22.7 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 20.4 to 25.6 mm long. +This frog is named after Werner Carlos Augusto Bokermann, an amphibian scientist from Brazil. + += = = Ahmadu Bello University = = = +Ahmadu Bello University known as (ABU) is a public research university in Kaduna, Zaria, Nigeria. It was founded on 4 October 1962. + += = = Candle in the Wind 1997 = = = +"Candle in the Wind 1997" is a song rewritten by Elton John and Bernie Taupin. The song was rewritten to commemorate Diana, Princess of Wales who died after a fatal car crash. The song was performed at Diana's funeral and was only sung one more time officially by Elton John a few months later so it could be sold. All proceeds from the album sales went towards charity and it became the second most sold single album with 33 million copies sold. + += = = Kevin Seal = = = +Kevin Seal (born June 22, 1957) is an American actor, voice artist, musician, improvisational comedian, and television presenter. +Biography. +Seal was an MTV VJ in the early 1980s, the host of the pilot of "Club MTV" (according to an MTV special) and one of the hosts of the alternative-music program "120 Minutes", which started in 1981. After leaving the program, he hosted MTV's "Headbangers Ball" from 1981 to 1982 and "" for which he won a Cable Ace Award in 1984. Since leaving MTV, he made occasional TV and movie appearances, including a starring role in the 1986 interactive cinema film "I'm Your Man". In 1999, he was the voice for both the lead character and primary antagonist in the Cartoon Network series "Sheep in the Big City". Seal was also the host for the pilot episode of the Nickelodeon game show, "Figure it Out" in 1990 before Summer Sanders took over as the series host when the show officially started a year later. After going to school for industrial design, he began designing and building furniture. +Personal life. +Seal lives in Seattle. He was married to director Lynn Shelton. He does voiceover work and is a stay-at-home dad to his son. + += = = Checking In = = = +Checking In is an American television sitcom show and a spin-off to "The Jeffersons" that aired for four episodes on CBS from April 9 to April 30, 1981. The show was about the Jeffersons maid, Florence Johnston taking a new job as the leader of the housekeepers at a St. Frederick Hotel in New York City. The show follows Florence on her adventures with her other workers, Lyle Block, her annoying manager; Elena Beltran, her helper; Earl Bellamy, the house detective who cannot do his job; Hank Sabatino, the crazy handyman; Betty, the floor supervisor; Dennis, the bellboy; and Mr. Claymore, the hotel owner. +Reception. +"Checking In" was first on CBS on April 9, 1981, and lasted for only four episodes in the Thursday, 8:00 p.m. EST time. The show had low ratings, and was cancelled, with the final episode airing on April 30, 1981. Gibbs then returned to her regular role on "The Jeffersons" and it was said that the St. Frederick Hotel had burned down. +"Checking In" was the first "All in the Family" spin-off show that did not do good, which was different from "The Jeffersons", "Maude" and Maude spin-off "Good Times". More tries to do spin-offs after "Checking In" were also not good like ("Gloria" in the 1982-1983 season and "704 Hauser" in 1994). + += = = Treehouse of Horror XIV = = = +"Treehouse of Horror XIV" is the first episode of "The Simpsons"s 15th season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on November 2, 2003. It is the 14th episode of the "Treehouse of Horror" series. The episode was written by John Swartzwelder. Steven Dean Moore is the director of the episode. Jerry Lewis, Dudley Herschbach, Jennifer Garner, and Oscar De La Hoya are guest stars in the episode. +The episode has three stories: "Reaper Madness", "Frinkenstein", and "Stop the World, I Want to Goof Off". In the first story, Homer Simpson becomes the Grim Reaper. In the second story, Professor Frink makes his dead father look like Frankenstein's monster. In the third story, Bart and Milhouse stop time using a watch. About 16.22 million people watched the episode when it was first broadcast. "Treehouse of Horror XIV" was nominated for an Emmy Award in 2004. + += = = George Jefferson = = = +George Jefferson is a fictional character played by Sherman Hemsley on the American television sitcoms "All in the Family" (from 1973 until 1975) and its spin-off "The Jeffersons" (1975–1985). He was on every episode of "The Jeffersons". George, his wife, Louise Jefferson and their son Lionel Jefferson were neighbors with Archie Bunker and his family. George and Archie argued every time they talked to each other. George and his family move to an apartment on the East Side of Manhattan. + += = = We shall fight on the beaches = = = +"We shall fight on the beaches" is a speech by the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom on 4 June 1940. This was the second of three major speeches given during the Battle of France. The others are the "Blood, toil, tears and sweat" speech of 13 May and the "This was their finest hour" speech of 18 June. +In this speech, Churchill had to describe a great military disaster, and warn of a possible invasion attempt by Nazi Germany, without saying that the British might not have a victory. +It is thought to be one of the best speeches made by Churchill or any other British prime minister. + += = = Darkest Hour (movie) = = = +Darkest Hour is a 2017 war drama movie directed by Joe Wright and written by Anthony McCarten. It is set in May 1940. It stars Gary Oldman as Winston Churchill. It is about Churchill's early days as prime minister during the Second World War. The movie also stars Kristin Scott Thomas, Lily James, Ben Mendelsohn, Stephen Dillane, and Ronald Pickup. +It began a limited release in the United States on 22 November 2017, followed by general release on 22 December, and was released on 12 January 2018 in the United Kingdom. It had strong positive reviews. +Oldman won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role as Churchill. At the 90th Academy Awards, the movie earned six nominations, including Best Picture, and won for Best Actor and Best Makeup and Hairstyling. + += = = Ronald Pickup = = = +Ronald Alfred Pickup (7 June 1940 – 24 February 2021) was an English actor. His career began in 1964. He was born in Chester, Cheshire. His best known roles were as Hontar in "The Mission" (1986), Norman Cousins in "The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel" (2011) and as Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain in "Darkest Hour" (2017). +Pickup died on 24 February 2021 from a long-illness, aged 80. + += = = The Mission (1986 movie) = = = +The Mission is a 1986 British drama movie about the Jesuit missionaries and native Americans in 1750s South America on the border of the Portuguese colony of Brazil and the Spanish colony of Paraguay. It is directed by Roland Joffé and written by Robert Bolt. The movie stars Robert De Niro, Jeremy Irons, Ray McAnally, Aidan Quinn, Cherie Lunghi, Ronald Pickup and Liam Neeson. The now famous Academy Award–nominated music was composed by Ennio Morricone. + += = = N'Singa Udjuu = = = +Joseph N'Singa Udjuu Ongwabeki Untubwe (29 September 1934 – 24 February 2021) was a Congolese politician. He was the First State Commissioner of Zaire from 23 April 1981 to 5 November 1982. From 1966 to 1969, he also served as Minister of Justice. + += = = Saint-Eusèbe-en-Champsaur = = = +Saint-Eusèbe-en-Champsaur is a former commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Aubessagne. + += = = Vallouise = = = +Vallouise is a former commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Vallouise-Pelvoux. + += = = Alan Robert Murray = = = +Alan Robert Murray (1954/1955 – February 24, 2021) was an American sound editor. Murray was nominated for ten Academy Awards, which he won two for Best Sound Editing for his work on "Letters from Iwo Jima" (2005) and "American Sniper" (2014). +Murray died on February 24, 2021, at age 66. + += = = Saint-Firmin, Hautes-Alpes = = = +Saint-Firmin is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Saint-Jacques-en-Valgodemard = = = +Saint-Jacques-en-Valgodemard is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Saint-Jean-Saint-Nicolas = = = +Saint-Jean-Saint-Nicolas is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Saint-Julien-en-Beauchêne = = = +Saint-Julien-en-Beauchêne is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Saint-Léger-les-Mélèzes = = = +Saint-Léger-les-Mélèzes is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = My Mother the Carjacker = = = +"My Mother the Carjacker" is the 2nd episode of "The Simpsons"s 15th season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on November 9, 2003. In the episode, Homer Simpson gets a message that tells him to go somewhere important. He goes there and learns that his mother wanted him to meet with her. The episode was written by Michael Price. Nancy Kruse is the director of the episode. Glenn Close is a guest star in the episode as Homer's mother (Mona Simpson). About 12.4 milion people watched the episode when it was first broadcast. "My Mother the Carjacker" was nominated for a Writers Guild of America Award. + += = = Saint-Martin-de-Queyrières = = = +Saint-Martin-de-Queyrières is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Saint-Maurice-en-Valgodemard = = = +Saint-Maurice-en-Valgodemard is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Saint-Michel-de-Chaillol = = = +Saint-Michel-de-Chaillol is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Saint-Pierre-Avez = = = +Saint-Pierre-Avez is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Cangas del Narcea = = = +Cangas del Narcea is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Caravia = = = +Caravia is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Carreño = = = +Carreño is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Caso, Asturias = = = +Caso () is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Castrillón = = = +Castrillón is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Castropol = = = +Castropol is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Coaña = = = +Coaña () is a municipality in Asturias, Spain. + += = = Arblade-le-Bas = = = +Arblade-le-Bas is a commune in the Gers department. It can be found in the southwestern part of France. + += = = Saint-Pierre-d'Argençon = = = +Saint-Pierre-d'Argençon is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Setúbal District = = = +The District of Setúbal ( ) is district in south-west Portugal. The capital of the district is the city of Setúbal. +Municipalities. +It is composed of 13 municipalities, spread over two sub regions: + += = = D'Urville Martin = = = +D'Urville Martin (February 11, 1939 – May 28, 1984) was an American actor and movie director in both movies and television programs. He appeared in many 1970s blaxploitation movies. He was also in two pilot episodes of what would become "All in the Family" as Lionel Jefferson. They were not put on television. Martin died on May 28, 1984. + += = = University of Ibadan = = = +University of Ibadan is a public university in Ibadan, Nigeria. It was founded in 1948. +The university owned 17 faculties and 92 departments. It got its independency in 1963. + += = = Ayong Maliksi = = = +Erineo "Ayong" Saquilayan Maliksi (March 25, 1938 – February 24, 2021) was a Filipino politician. Maliksi was a member of the Partido Magdalo. He was born in Imus, Cavite. From 2001 to 2010, he was Governor of Cavite. Maliksi was a member of the House of Representatives from 1998 to 2001 and again from 2010 to 2013. +Maliksi died on February 24, 2021 in Imus at the age of 82. + += = = 2021 Armenian coup d'état attempt = = = +The 2021 Armenian coup d'état attempt is an ongoing military coup attempt in Armenia by the Armed Forces of Armenia led by the Chief of the General Staff of the Armenian Armed Forces Onik Gasparyan against the Armenian Government led by prime minister Nikol Pashinyan. +On 25 February 2021, Armenian Chief of the General Staff of the Armenian Armed Forces Onik Gasparyan said in a statement signed by 40 top officers that Pashinyan and the government calling on the government to resign. + += = = COVAX = = = +COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access, abbreviated as COVAX, is a global program that helps give COVID-19 vaccines to people living in poor countries led by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, the World Health Organization (WHO), the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), and others. +By 15 July 2020, 165 countries – representing 60% of the human population – had joined COVAX. + += = = Knock it down! = = = +Knock it down! is a 1991 Hungarian comedy movie directed by Péter Tímár and starring Pap Vera, Sándor Gáspár, Károly Eperjas, Eszenyi Enikő, Róbert Koltai, Mari Töröcsik, Jenő Kiss. + += = = D. Pandian = = = +David Pandian (25 September 1932 – 26 February 2021) was an Indian Communist politician. He was born in Usilampatti, Tamil Nadu. From 1989 to 1996, he was a member of the Lok Sabha. +Pandian died on 26 February 2021 in Chennai, Tamil Nadu from sepsis-related problems, aged 88. + += = = Ton Thie = = = +Ton Thie (28 October 1944 – 25 February 2021) was a Dutch professional footballer. He played as a goalkeeper for Excelsior, Hermes DVS, ADO Den Haag, the San Francisco Golden Gate Gales, and GC & FC Olympia. He was born in The Hague, Netherlands. His career lasted from 1962 to 1979. +Thie died on 25 February 2021 in Gambia, aged 76. + += = = Muriel Marland-Militello = = = +Muriel Marland-Militello (30 July 1943 – 25 February 2021) was a French politician. She was a member of the National Assembly of France from 2002 to 2012. Marland-Militello was born in Nice, France. +Marland-Militello died on 25 February 2021 in Nice, aged 77. + += = = Sound Eroticism = = = +Sound Eroticism () is a 1986 Hungarian comedy movie directed by Péter Tímár and starring Ádám Rajhona, Róbert Koltai, Péter Haumann, Judit Németh. + += = = Appointment in Berlin = = = +Appointment in Berlin, also known as Assignment in Berlin, is a 1943 American World War II drama movie directed by Alfred E. Green and starring George Sanders, Marguerite Chapman, Onslow Stevens, Gale Sondergaard, Gilbert Emery, Lester Matthews, Alan Napier, Don Douglas. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures. + += = = Time Crisis 5 = = = + is an shooter videogame release on Arcade and PlayStation 4. Released worldwide on 2015. +Namco Bandai was also released Time Crisis 5: True Mastermind, and then on sale August at the same year. Including extra three bonus stage, and there are total 6 stages. + += = = Saint-Véran = = = +Saint-Véran is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Saléon = = = +Saléon is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Salérans = = = +Salérans is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = La Salle-les-Alpes = = = +La Salle-les-Alpes is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = La Saulce = = = +La Saulce is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Butner, North Carolina = = = +Butner is a town in Granville County, North Carolina, United States. 8,397 people lived here in the 2020 US census. + += = = Le Sauze-du-Lac = = = +Le Sauze-du-Lac is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Oxford, North Carolina = = = +Oxford is a city in Granville County, North Carolina, United States. 8,628 people lived here as of the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Granville County. + += = = Khatia Dekanoidze = = = +Khatia Dekanoidze (, ; born 20 January 1977) is a Georgian government official and politician. +Education and career. +Shee was graduated from Tbilisi State University with a International Relations degree in 1999. She has received further training under the aegis of the Central European University and the RAND Corporation in from 1990s to 2000s. She has been working for government agencies of Georgia from 1999. She was Director of Policy Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs from May 2007 to May 2012. She was Director of National Examination Center from May 2012 to July 2012. She was appointed Minister of Education and Science, succeeding Dimitri Shashkin. She remained in this position until 25 October 2012. +On 4 November 2015 She was become Chief of Ukrainian National Police. She resigned from this post on 14 November 2016. On 16 November 2016 she was officially dismissed by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Dekanoidze complained that her powers were “not enough for dramatic changes” and that the pressure of her position by government officials and members of parliament was too great. + += = = Savines-le-Lac = = = +Savines-le-Lac is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in southeastern France. + += = = Serres, Hautes-Alpes = = = +Serres is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Peter Gotti = = = +Peter Arthur Gotti (October 15, 1939 – February 25, 2021) was an American mobster. He was the boss of the Gambino crime family and the older brother of former Gambino boss John Gotti. Gotti was born in the Bronx, New York City. In March 2003, Gotti was convicted of extortion, money laundering and racketeering activities. In 2004, he was sentenced to nine years in jail. The next year, he was sentenced another twenty-five years. +On February 25, 2021, Gotti died at the Federal Correctional Complex in Butner, North Carolina, at the age of 81. + += = = Sigottier = = = +Sigottier is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Sorbiers, Hautes-Alpes = = = +Sorbiers is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in France. + += = = John Geddert = = = +John Gerald Geddert (December 21, 1957 – February 25, 2021) was an American gymnastics coach. He coached Olympic champion Jordyn Wieber and was a head coach for the London 2012 US Olympic Gymnastics Team. He worked with sex offender Larry Nassar. He was born in Michigan. +Geddert was charged with physical, psychological and sexual abuse. One day after USA Gymnastics announced suspension of Geddert's membership pending investigation into the abuse allegations, Geddert retired from coaching. +On February 25, 2021, Geddert shot himself at a rest area off Interstate 96 in Grand Ledge, Michigan, just hours after he had been charged with 24 felony crimes. He was 63 years old. + += = = Grand Ledge, Michigan = = = +Grand Ledge is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. The city is mostly within Eaton County, though a small portion is also in Clinton County to the north. 7,784 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Ivy Bottini = = = +Ivy Bottini (August 15, 1926 – February 25, 2021) was an American activist. She supported women's rights and LGBT rights. She also was a visual artist. She was born in New York City. In 1966, she helped found the New York chapter of the National Organization for Women. +Her memoir, "The Liberation of Ivy Bottini: A Memoir of Love and Activism", as told to Judith V. Branzburg, was published by Bedazzled Ink Publishing Company in November, 2018. +Bottini died in Florida on February 25, 2021 at the age of 94. + += = = Trescléoux = = = +Trescléoux is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Philippe Jaccottet = = = +Philippe Jaccottet (; 30 June 1925 – 24 February 2021) was a Swiss Francophone poet and translator. He was born in Moudon, Switzerland. +He translated the writings of Goethe, Hölderlin, Mann, Mandelstam, Góngora, Leopardi, Musil, Rilke, Homer and Ungaretti. +In 2014, Jaccottet became the fifteenth living author to be published in the prestigious "Bibliothèque de la Pléiade". +Jaccottet died in Grignan, France, on 24 February 2021 at the age of 95. + += = = Val-des-Prés = = = +Val-des-Prés is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Gary Halpin = = = +Gary Halpin (14 February 1966 – 23 February 2021) was an Irish rugby union international player. He played as a prop for Wanderers F.C., Leinster, London Irish, Harlequins and the Irish national rugby union team. He was born in Dublin. +Halpin died on 23 February 2021 in Dublin, aged 55. + += = = Valserres = = = +Valserres is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Les Vigneaux = = = +Les Vigneaux is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Villar-d'Arêne = = = +Villar-d'Arêne is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Bulantrisna Djelantik = = = +Ayu Bulantrisna Djelantik (8 September 1947 – 24 February 2021) was a Dutch-born Indonesian traditional Balinese dancer. She was an ENT specialist and a lecturer at the faculty of medicine at Padjadjaran University. +Bulantrisna died on 24 February 2021 of pancreatic cancer at the age of 73. + += = = Villar-Loubière = = = +Villar-Loubière is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Villar-Saint-Pancrace = = = +Villar-Saint-Pancrace is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Antonio Catricalà = = = +Antonio Catricalà (7 February 1952 – 24 February 2021) was an Italian public manager, politician, professor, lawyer, and magistrate. He was born in Catanzaro, Italy. From 2011 to 2013, he was Secretary of the Council of Ministers during the Mario Monti cabinet. +Catricalà died on 24 February 2021 at his Rome apartment after shooting himself, aged 69. + += = = Hannie Bruinsma-Kleijwegt = = = +Johanna "Hannie" Bruinsma-Kleijwegt (14 July 1936 – 21 February 2021) was a Dutch politician. She was a member of the Labour Party. +She was a member of the municipal council of East-Dongeradiel, of the provincial council of Friesland, and a Friesland provincial executive. +She was mayor of Zaanstad from 1992 until 1996. +Bruinsma-Kleijwegt was born in Nij Beets and died in Drachten at the age of 84. + += = = Heinz Hermann Thiele = = = +Heinz Hermann Thiele (2 April 1941 – 23 February 2021) was a German businessman. He was the chairman of Knorr-Bremse AG and Vossloh. At the time of his death, he was also the largest shareholder in the German carrier Lufthansa AG. +With a net worth of $20.2 billion, he was the fourth richest person in Germany at the time of his death. +Thiele died on 23 February 2021 in Munich at age 79. + += = = Néstor Mario Rapanelli = = = +Néstor Mario Rapanelli (April 23, 1929 – February 23, 2021) was an Argentine economist, businessman and politician. He was Minister of Economy in 1989. Rapanelli was born in Buenos Aires. A businessman, he chaired Bunge & Born. +Rapanelli died on February 23, 2021 in Buenos Aires, aged 91. + += = = Wolfango Montanari = = = +Wolfango Montanari (16 May 1931 – 23 February 2021) was an Italian sprinter. He was born in Terni, Italy. He won five medals at the International athletics competitions. He competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics, he has 14 caps in national team from 1951 to 1957. +Montanari died on 23 February 2021 in Terni, aged 89. + += = = Margaret Maron = = = +Margaret Maron ("née" Brown; August 25, 1938 – February 23, 2021) was an American writer. She was known for writing many mystery novels. Maron was born in Greensboro, North Carolina. She was known for her "Sigrid Harald" and "Deborah Knott" series. +Maron died on February 23, 2021 in Raleigh, North Carolina from problems caused by a stroke, aged 82. + += = = Yves Martin = = = +Yves Martin (22 November 1929 – 23 February 2021) was a Canadian sociologist. He was the rector at the Université de Sherbrooke and was one of the founders of the Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail. +Martin died on 23 February 2021 at the age of 91. + += = = Tormod Knutsen = = = +Tormod Kåre Knutsen (7 January 1932 – 23 February 2021) was a Norwegian Nordic combined skier. He won the Nordic combined event at the 1964 Winter Olympics, and came second at the 1960 Winter Olympics. He won four national championships, and in 1960. Knutsen was born in Eidsvoll, Norway. +Knutsen died in Eidsvoll on 23 February 2021, aged 89. + += = = Othman Kechrid = = = +Othman Kechrid () (26 June 1920 – 23 February 2021) was a Tunisian politician. He was born in Kairouan, French Tunisia. From 1979 until 1980, he was the Minister of the Interior. +Kechrid died on 23 February 2021 in Tunis, aged 100. + += = = Abdul Qadir Djaelani = = = +Abdul Qadir Djaelani (20 October 1938 – 23 February 2021) was an Indonesian Islamic preacher, writer, activist, and politician. He was a Member of Parliament from 2000 until 2004. He was a member of the Crescent Star Party. +Djaelani died on 23 February 2021 in Jakarta, aged 82. + += = = Jos Waals = = = +Jos Waals (21 October 1943 – 22 February 2021) was a Dutch politician. He was member of the Christian Democratic Appeal. He was mayor of Nootdorp from 1980 until 1991 and of Venray from 1991 until 2010. He was born in Dreumel, Netherlands. +Waals died on 22 February 2021 in Venray, aged 77. + += = = A Sip of Love = = = +A Sip of Love () is a 1984 Turkish drama movie directed by Atıf Yılmaz and starring Kadir İnanır, Hale Soygazi, Macit Koper, Meral Çetinkaya. + += = = Thomas Vinciguerra = = = +Thomas Vinciguerra (October 8, 1963 – February 22, 2021) was an American journalist, editor, and author. He was a founding editor of "The Week" magazine. He published about popular culture in the "New York Times", as well as in "The Wall Street Journal", "The New Yorker" and "GQ". +Vinciguerra died on February 22, 2021 in Garden City, New York at the age of 57. + += = = Garden City, New York = = = +Garden City is an incorporated village in Nassau County, New York, United States, in the town of Hempstead. +As of the 2020 census, Garden City had 23,272 people living there. + += = = Lamberto Leonardi = = = +Lamberto Leonardi (8 August 1939 – 22 February 2021) was an Italian professional footballer and coach. He was born in Rome. He played as a midfielder. Leonardi's playing career lasted from 1958 until 1973. He later managed football clubs from 1974 until 2001. He played for Varese Calcio S.S.D. eighty-six times between 1966 until 1969. He also managed A.S.G. Nocerina. +Leonardi died on 22 February 2021 in Latina, Italy at the age of 81. + += = = Aignan, Gers = = = +Aignan is a commune in the Gers department. It can be found in the southwestern part of France. + += = = Avessac = = = +Avessac is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Jerzy Dietl = = = +Jerzy Dietl (28 April 1927 – 23 February 2021) was a Polish economist and politician. He was a Senator from 1989 until 1991. He was a member of the Civic Parliamentary Club. Dietl was born in Inowrocław, Poland. +Dietl died on 23 February 2021 in Warsaw, aged 93. + += = = Barbechat = = = +Barbechat used to be a commune. It was in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it became part of the new commune, Divatte-sur-Loire. + += = = Basse-Goulaine = = = +Basse-Goulaine is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Batz-sur-Mer = = = +Batz-sur-Mer is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = La Baule-Escoublac = = = +La Baule-Escoublac is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Stan Williams (baseball) = = = +Stanley Wilson Williams (September 14, 1936 – February 20, 2021) was an American baseball pitcher. He played 14 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for the Los Angeles Dodgers, New York Yankees, Cleveland Indians, Minnesota Twins, St. Louis Cardinals and Boston Red Sox between 1958 and 1972. +Williams died on February 20, 2021, at his home in Laughlin, Nevada from heart and respiratory failure, aged 84. + += = = Belligné = = = +Belligné is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Loireauxence. + += = = Varades = = = +Varades is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Loireauxence. + += = = Enfield, New Hampshire = = = +Enfield is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. 4,465 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Laughlin, Nevada = = = +Laughlin is an unincorporated town and census-designated place in Clark County, Nevada, United States. + += = = La Chapelle-Saint-Sauveur, Loire-Atlantique = = = +La Chapelle-Saint-Sauveur is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Loireauxence. + += = = La Rouxière = = = +La Rouxière is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Loireauxence. + += = = Douglas Turner Ward = = = +Douglas Turner Ward (May 5, 1930February 20, 2021) was an American playwright, actor, director, and theatrical producer. He was known for being the founder of the Negro Ensemble Company (NEC). He was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play in 1974 for his role in "The River Niger", which he also directed. +Ward died on February 20, 2021 in New York City, aged 90. + += = = ATM Shamsuzzaman = = = +Abu Taher Mohammad Shamsuzzaman (known as ATM Shamsuzzaman; 10 September 1941 – 20 February 2021) was a Bangladeshi actor, director, screenwriter and playwright. He was known for his roles in "Madam Fuli" (1999), " Churiwala" (2001), "Mon Bosena Porar Table E" (2009) and "Chorabali" (2012). Shamsuzzaman was born in Noakhali District, Bengal Presidency. +Shamsuzzaman died at his home in Dhaka on 20 February 2021 at the age of 79. + += = = Chris Craft (racing driver) = = = +Christopher Craft (17 November 1939 – 20 February 2021) was a British racing driver who competed in many different forms of motor sport. +Craft was born in Porthleven, Cornwall. +He began his career in 1962, with a Ford Anglia and became known as a leading saloon car racer. He moved to sports cars from 1968, with a Chevron and then joined forces with Alain de Cadenet to drive his Porsche 908 and McLaren M8C. +Craft died on 20 February 2021, aged 81. + += = = La Bernerie-en-Retz = = = +La Bernerie-en-Retz is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Besné = = = +Besné is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Le Bignon = = = +Le Bignon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Blain, Loire-Atlantique = = = +Blain is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Henri Courtine = = = +Henri Courtine (11 May 1930 – 20 February 2021) was a French judoka. He was born in Paris. He won a bronze medal at the 1956 World Judo Championships. He won a gold medal at the 1962 European Judo Championships. +Courtine died on 20 February 2021 in Paris, aged 90. + += = = Bourgneuf-en-Retz = = = +Bourgneuf-en-Retz is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Villeneuve-en-Retz. + += = = Villeneuve-en-Retz = = = +Villeneuve-en-Retz is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Bourgneuf-en-Retz (the seat) and Fresnay-en-Retz. + += = = Mwasi Collective = = = +Mwasi Collective is an Afro-feminist group. It was started in France in 2014. Mwasi participates in protests and does activism among black women in France. Its political beliefs are Pan-Africanist, feminist, and anti-capitalist. Mwasi has members from the Caribbean, Africa, and Europe. + += = = Gerald Cardinale = = = +Gerald Cardinale (February 27, 1934 – February 20, 2021) was an American Republican Party politician. He was a member of the New Jersey State Senate from 1982 until his death in 2021. Before, he was in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1980 until 1982. Cardinale was born in New York City. +Cardinale died on February 20, 2021 at a hospital in Westwood, New Jersey at the age of 86. + += = = Fresnay-en-Retz = = = +Fresnay-en-Retz is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Villeneuve-en-Retz. + += = = La Boissière-du-Doré = = = +La Boissière-du-Doré is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = I Gede Ardhika = = = +I Gede Ardhika (15 February 1945 – 19 February 2021) was an Indonesian politician. He was the Minister for Culture and Tourism in Indonesia from 2000 to 2004 during the cabinets of Abdurahman Wahid and Megawati Soekarnoputri. Ardhika was born in West Java, Indonesia. +Ardhika died four days after his 76th birthday on 19 February 2021 in Jakarta. + += = = Steven A. White = = = +Steven Angelo White (September 18, 1928 – February 1, 2021) was an American four-star admiral who served in the United States Navy from 1948 until 1985. He was the 19th and last Chief of Naval Material. +White died on February 1, 2021 in Charlottesville, Virginia at the age of 92. + += = = Jean-François Voguet = = = +Jean-François Voguet (8 August 1949 – 2 February 2021) was a French politician. He was a member of the Senate of France, representing the Val-de-Marne department. He was a member of the Communist, Republican, and Citizen Group. +Voguet died from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in France on 2 February 2021, aged 71. + += = = Norbert Eimer = = = +Norbert Eimer (19 March 1940 – 3 February 2021) was a German politician. He was a member of the Free Democratic Party (FDP). Eimer was a member of the Bundestag from 1976 to 1994. Eimer was born in Trautenau, Germany. +Eimer died on 3 February 2021 in Berlin at the age of 80. + += = = Jessie Smith (singer) = = = +Jessie Smith (1941 – February 4, 2021) was an American R&B singer. She began her career singing with musician Benny Sharp, recording as Little Miss Jessie. +Smith was best known as one of the original Ikettes in the Ike & Tina Turner Revue. She later sang backing vocals for many artists, including Dr. John, Paul Williams, Al Kooper, José Feliciano, and Leon Ware. +Smith died on February 4, 2021. + += = = Rajie Cook = = = +Rajie Cook (July 6, 1930 – February 6, 2021), also known as Roger Cook, was an American graphic designer, artist, Palestinian peace activist, humanitarian and photographer. +Cook was born in Newark, New Jersey. He was president of Cook and Shanosky Associates, a graphic design firm he founded in 1967. +His graphic design and photography have been used by IBM, Container Corporation of America, Montgomery Ward, Bristol Myers Squibb, Black & Decker, Volvo, Subaru, AT&T, New York Times, Bell Atlantic, BASF and Lenox. +Cook died in Newtown, Pennsylvania on February 6, 2021 at the age of 90. + += = = Newtown, Bucks County, Pennsylvania = = = +Newtown is a borough in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,268 at the 2020 census. It is located just west of the Trenton, New Jersey metropolitan area. + += = = Mirebeau = = = +Mirebeau is a commune. It is found in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the Vienne department in the west of France. +Transport. +Road. +The D7, D7A, D15, D24, D72, D342 and D725 roads pass through the commune. + += = = Edward W. Crosby = = = +Edward Warren Crosby (November 4, 1932 – February 10, 2021), was an African-American professor at Kent State University (KSU). He created the Institute for African American Affairs and was the predecessor of the Department of Pan-African Studies and The Center of Pan-African Culture at KSU. +Crosby died on February 10, 2021 at the age of 88. + += = = L. Desaix Anderson = = = +L. Desaix Anderson (1936 – February 11, 2021) was an American politician and United States Foreign Service officer. His works focused in East Asian affairs. He was American Chargé d'Affaires ad interim to Vietnam from 1995 until 1997 during the Bill Clinton presidency. Anderson was born in Sumner, Mississippi. +Anderson died on February 11, 2021 at the age of 84. + += = = Sumner, Mississippi = = = +Sumner is a town in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. 278 people lived here at the 2020 census. Sumner is one of the two county seats of Tallahatchie County. +It is located on the west side of the county and the Tallahatchie River, which runs through the county north-south. + += = = Xabier Agirre = = = +Xabier Agirre López (8 April 1951 – 13 February 2021) was a Spanish administrator and politician. He was born in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. He was a member of the Basque Nationalist Party. Agirre was a member of the Basque Parliament from 2004 until 2007 and again from 2012 until 2016. +Agirre died in Pamplona, Spain on 13 February 2021, aged 69. + += = = Nicola Tempesta = = = +Nicola Tempesta (28 June 1935 – 20 February 2021) was an Italian judoka who competed at the 1964 and 1972 Olympics. He finished in sixth place in 1964 and was disqualified in 1972. Tempesta won more than 10 European medals, including two gold – in 1957 and 1961. +Tempesta died on 20 February 2021 in Naples at the age of 85. + += = = Yuri Shvachkin = = = +Yuri Petrovich Shvachkin (Russian: ����� ��������� �������; 15 November 1930 – 20 February 2021) was a Soviet and Russian chemist. He was a Professor of the Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Faculty of Chemistry at Moscow State University. He was one of the first Soviet scientists who worked on the development of methods for the use of human insulin. Shvachkin was born in Moscow. +Shvachkin died in Moscow on 20 February 2021, aged 90. + += = = Bonnœuvre = = = +Bonnœuvre was a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Vallons-de-l'Erdre. + += = = Leopold Lippens = = = +Leopold Raymond Maurice François Marie Ghislain Lippens (20 October 1941 – 19 February 2021) was a Belgian politician. He was mayor of Knokke-Heist for over 40 years, between 1979 until his death in 2021. +Lippens died on 19 February 2021 in Knokke from leukaemia, aged 79. + += = = Vritz = = = +Vritz was a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Vallons-de-l'Erdre. + += = = Saint-Mars-la-Jaille = = = +Saint-Mars-la-Jaille was a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Vallons-de-l'Erdre. + += = = Arturo Di Modica = = = +Arturo Di Modica (January 26, 1941 – February 19, 2021) was an Italian-born American sculptor. He was known for his "Charging Bull" sculpture which he left outside the New York Stock Exchange on December 15, 1989, as his gift to the United States. Di Modica received the in 1999. Di Modica was born in Vittoria, Sicily. +Di Modica died on February 19, 2021 in Vittoria, aged 80. The cause of death was cancer. + += = = Maumusson, Loire-Atlantique = = = +Maumusson is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Vallons-de-l'Erdre. + += = = Saint-Sulpice-des-Landes, Loire-Atlantique = = = +Saint-Sulpice-des-Landes is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Vallons-de-l'Erdre. + += = = Michel Bernard (politician) = = = +Michel Bernard (3 November 1932 – 19 February 2021) was a French politician. He was born in La Villedieu, France. Bernard was a member of the National Assembly of France from 1986 until 1988. +Bernard died on 19 February 2021, aged 88. + += = = Đorđe Balašević = = = +Đorđe Balašević (; 11 May 1953 – 19 February 2021) was a Serbian and Yugoslav singer-songwriter and musician. He was born in Novi Sad, PR Serbia. His genres were folk, soft rock, pop and chanson. +Death. +Balašević died on 19 February 2021 in Novi Sad from pneumonia caused by COVID-19, aged 67. + += = = Freigné = = = +Freigné is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. Before 1 January 2018, it was part of the Maine-et-Loire department. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Vallons-de-l'Erdre. + += = = Bouaye = = = +Bouaye is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Kristofer Schipper = = = +Kristofer Marinus Schipper (23 October 1934 – 18 February 2021), also known as Rik Schipper and by his Chinese name Shi Zhouren (), was a Dutch sinologist. He was an emeritus professor of Oriental studies at Leiden University. +Schipper has worked as researcher for École française d'Extrême-Orient and later taught as directeur de recherche in History of Daoism studies at the École pratique des hautes études in Paris. + += = = Bouée = = = +Bouée is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Yehoshua Sagi = = = +Yehoshua Sagi (; 27 September 1933 – 18 February 2021) was an Israeli intelligence officer and politician. He was director of the Military Intelligence Directorate from 1979 until 1983. He was a Knesset member of Likud from 1988 until 1992. Sagi was also mayor of Bat Yam from 1993 until 2003. Sagi was born in Jerusalem. +Sagi died on 18 February 2021 in Bat Yam, aged 87. + += = = Juan Pizarro (baseball) = = = +Juan Pizarro a.k.a. "Terín" (February 7, 1937 – February 18, 2021) was a Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher. He played for 18 seasons on 9 teams, from 1957 through 1974. He was known for his career with the Chicago White Sox from 1961 until 1966. +Pizarro died on February 18, 2021 in Carolina, Puerto Rico from cancer at the age of 84. + += = = Andrey Myagkov = = = +Andrey Vasilyevich Myagkov (; (8 July 1938 – 18 February 2021) was a Soviet and Russian actor. He was best known for his roles movies directed by Eldar Ryazanov, such as "The Irony of Fate" (1975), "Office Romance" (1977), "The Garage" (1979) and "A Cruel Romance" (1984). +Myagkov died on 18 February 2021 at his Moscow apartment from heart failure, aged 82. + += = = Adolf Mathis = = = +Adolf Mathis (22 May 1938 – 19 February 2021) was a Swiss alpine skier. He competed at the 1960 Winter Olympics and the 1964 Winter Olympics. He was born in Wolfenschiessen, Switzerland. +Mathis died on 19 February 2021, aged 82. + += = = Jan Mans = = = +J. H. H. (Jan) Mans (9 April 1940 – 18 February 2021) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA). In 1982, he was named mayor of Meerssen. Six years later, in 1988 he became mayor in Kerkrade. From 1994 until 2005 he was mayor of Enschede. Mans was born in Heerlen, Netherlands. +Mans died on 18 February 2021 in Meerssen, Netherlands at the age of 80. + += = = Sergo Karapetyan = = = +Sergo Karapetyan (; 6 August 1948 – 18 February 2021) was an Armenian politician. He was Agriculture Minister between 2010 and 2016. +On 18 February 2021, Karapetyan died from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Armenia at a hospital in Yerevan, aged 72. + += = = Graeme English = = = +Graeme English (25 September 1964 – 18 February 2021) was a Scottish wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle 90 kg at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He was born in Kilsyth, Scotland. +English died on 18 February 2021, aged 56. + += = = Bouguenais = = = +Bouguenais is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Dendropsophus bogerti = = = +Dendropsophus bogerti is a frog that lives in the Andes Mountains in Colombia. + += = = Abdullahi Dikko = = = +Abdullahi Dikko Inde MFR, OFR (11 May 1960 – 18 February 2021) was a Nigerian government official. He was the Comptroller-General of Nigerian Customs Service from August 2009 to August 2015. +Dikko died at an Abuja hospital on February 18, 2021 at the age of 60. + += = = Alan Curtis (British actor) = = = +Alan Curtis (30 July 1930 – 18 February 2021) was an English actor and cricket announcer. He was born in Coulsdon, Surrey, England. His career lasted from 1956 until 2003. He appeared as Major Green in some "Doctor Who" episodes during the 1960s. +Curtis died on 18 February 2021 in London at the age of 90. + += = = Vittore Bocchetta = = = +Vittore Bocchetta (15 November 1918 – 18 February 2021) was an Italian sculptor, painter, and academic. Bocchetta was a member of the anti-fascist Italian resistance movement during World War II. He was born in Sassari, Sardinia. +He was an instructor of Spanish at Saint Xavier College in Chicago and a lecturer in Italian at the University of Chicago. He was also an assistant professor of Spanish Literature at Loyola University Chicago. +Bocchetta died on 18 February 2021 aged 102 in Verona, Italy. + += = = Jyrki Yrttiaho = = = +Jyrki Valto Yrttiaho (4 May 1952 – 17 February 2021) was a Finnish politician. He was a member of the Finnish Parliament from 2007 until 2015. He was a member of the Left Alliance. Yrttiaho was born in Pelkosenniemi, Finland. Yrttiaho was a member of the Raisio City Council from 2004 until his death. +Yrttiaho died in Raisio on 17 February 2021, aged 68. + += = = Gene Summers = = = +David Eugene Summers (January 3, 1939 – February 17, 2021) was an American rock singer. He was known for his songs: "School of Rock 'n Roll", "Straight Skirt", "Nervous", "Gotta Lotta That", "Twixteen", "Alabama Shake", "Fancy Dan" and his biggest-selling single "Big Blue Diamonds". +Summers was honored into the Rockabilly Hall of Fame in 1997. +Summers died in Dallas, Texas after falling at his home on February 17, 2021 at the age of 82. + += = = Hamilton Township, Mercer County, New Jersey = = = +Hamilton Township is a township in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States + += = = Martha Stewart (actress) = = = +Martha Ruth Stewart Shelley ( Haworth; October 7, 1922 – February 17, 2021), better known as Martha Stewart, was an American actress. She was known for playing Mildred Atkinson in "In a Lonely Place" (1950) with Humphrey Bogart. +Stewart died on February 17, 2021 at the age of 98. + += = = Mike Renshaw = = = +Michael Lawrence Renshaw (28 April 1948 – 17 February 2021) was an English-American football left winger. He was born in Manchester, England. +Renshaw began as a youth player with Blackpool before moving to the United States to join the Dallas Tornado of the North American Soccer League in 1968. He also spent time with Margate F.C. and Rhyl F.C. He made two appearances for the United States national football team in 1973. +Renshaw died on 17 February 2021 in Dallas, Texas at the age of 72. + += = = John K. Rafferty = = = +John K. "Jack" Rafferty (May 1, 1938 – February 17, 2021) was an American politician. He was the Mayor of Hamilton Township, New Jersey from 1976 to 1999. He also was a member of the New Jersey General Assembly from 1986 to 1988. He was a Republican. Rafferty was born in Trenton, New Jersey. +Rafferty died on February 17, 2021 in Hamilton Township at the age of 82. + += = = Mushahid Ullah Khan = = = +Mushahid Ullah Khan (Urdu:) (30 November 1952 – 18 February 2021) was a Pakistani politician. He was Minister for Climate Change from August 2017 to May 2018. He was a member of the Senate of Pakistan from March 2018 until his death. +Mushahid died on 18 February 2021 after a long-illness, aged 68. + += = = Hennie Kenkhuis = = = +Hennie Kenkhuis (19 April 1952 – 17 February 2021) was a Dutch politician. He was alderman for GroenLinks / The Greens from October 2007 to April 2010 in the Dutch city of Zwolle. +Kenkhuis was born in Zenderen (Borne) and died in Zwolle at the age of 68. + += = = Raffaele Cutolo = = = +Raffaele Cutolo (; 4 November 1941 – 17 February 2021) was an Italian crime boss. He was leader of the Nuova Camorra Organizzata (NCO). +Cutolo had many nicknames including "'o Vangelo" ("the gospel"), "'o Princepe" ("the prince"), "'o Professore" ("the professor") and "'o Monaco" ("the monk"). +Cutolo lived inside maximum-security jails or psychiatric prisons from 1963 until his death. At the time of his death he was serving multiple life sentences for murder. +On 17 February 2021, Cutolo died in the prison unit of the Maggiore Hospital in Parma, at the age of 79. + += = = Jacinto Cayco = = = +Jacinto S. Cayco (c. 1924 – 17 February 2021) was a Filipino swimmer and referee. He competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics. He also had a brother named, Pedro who competed in the 1956 Summer Olympics. Cayco won two gold medals at the 1951 Asian Games. +Cayco died on 17 February 2021 at the age of 96. + += = = Pedro Cayco = = = +Pedro S. Cayco (born 1932) is a Filipino retired swimmer. He competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics at the Men's 100 metre backstroke event. His older brother Jacinto was also an Olympic swimmer. + += = = Egbert Mulder = = = +Egbert Mulder (10 April 1940 – 16 February 2021) was a Dutch football referee. He was referee between 1973 and 1988. He was born in Steenwijk, the Netherlands. He was a referee of the Eredivisie, European Cup, UEFA Cup and international matches. +Mulder died in Groningen on 16 February 2021, aged 80, from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands. + += = = Lew Krausse Jr. = = = +Lewis Bernard Krausse Jr. (April 25, 1943February 16, 2021) was an American baseball pitcher. He played 12 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for the Kansas City/Oakland Athletics, Milwaukee Brewers, Boston Red Sox, St. Louis Cardinals, and Atlanta Braves from 1961 to 1974. +Krausse Jr. died on February 16, 2021 in Kansas City, Missouri from cancer, aged 77. + += = = Doğan Cüceloğlu = = = +Mehmet Doğan Cüceloğlu (9 February 1938 – 16 February 2021) was a Turkish academic in Media psychology and writer. He was a visiting professor at University of California, Berkeley. From 1980 until 1996, he worked at the California State University, Fullerton. During this time, he published his first book "İnsan İnsana" ("Human To Human"). +Cüceloğlu died at his home in Istanbul on 16 February 2021, seven days after his 83rd birthday from an aortic dissection. + += = = Ștefan Tudor = = = +Ştefan Tudor (3 March 194315 February 2021) was a Romanian rower. He competed at the 1968, 1972 and 1976 Olympics. He won a bronze medal in 1972. +In 1970 he became the first world champion in rowing from Romania. He also won two bronze medals at the European championships in 1967 and 1973. +Tudor died less than one month before his 78th birthday on 15 February 2021. + += = = Nechan Karakéhéyan = = = +Nechan Karakéhéyan, I.C.P.B. (17 April 1932 – 15 February 2021) was an Armenian Catholic archbishop. +He was the ordinary of Eastern Europe for Armenian Catholics from 2005 until 2010. He was the Armenian Catholic bishop of Isfahan from 2001 until 2003 and Armenian Catholic ordinary of Greece for Armenian Catholics from 1991 until 2000. +Karakéhéyan died on 15 February 2021, aged 88. + += = = Hylke Tromp = = = +Hylke Wybe Tromp (27 July 1935 – 14 February 2021) was a Dutch polemologist. He was born in Sneek, Netherlands. Beginning in the 1960s, he worked at the Polemological Institute. In 1980, he was appointed professor at the University of Groningen. +He was a member of the advisory board of the International Peace Institute (IIP) in Vienna. +Tromp died on 14 February 2021 in Groningen, Netherlands at the age of 85. + += = = Boussay, Loire-Atlantique = = = +Boussay is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Reg Lewis (bodybuilder) = = = +Reginald Bernie Lewis (January 23, 1936 – February 11, 2021) was an American bodybuilder and actor. Lewis was born in Niles, California. He was in the television gameshow "You Bet Your Life", with Groucho Marx. In the 1970s, Lewis appeared in many movies such as in Mae West's "Sextette" in 1978. +Lewis died in California on February 11, 2021 in Los Angeles at the age of 85. + += = = Jeanette Lee = = = +Jeanette Lee (born Lee Jin-Hee, Hangul: ���, July 9, 1971) is an American professional pool player. She was nicknamed the Black Widow. Lee was born in New York City. She won an individual gold medal at the World Games in 2001. Lee is thought to be one of the greatest billiards player. +In 2013, Lee was honored into the Billiard Congress of America Hall of Fame. +In February 2021, Lee announced that she was diagnosed with terminal ovarian cancer. + += = = Fuslie = = = +Leslie Fu (born November 23, 1992), also known by her online name fuslie, is an American Twitch streamer. She was born in San Francisco, California. She is known for playing "Valorant", "Among Us", "Minecraft" and "Animal Crossing". + += = = Emilio Insolera = = = +Emilio Insolera (born 29 January 1979) is an Italian-Argentine deaf actor and producer, known for "Sign Gene: The First Deaf Superheroes" (2017). In September 2019, Insolera joined the cast of Universal Pictures' spy movie "The 355" by "" writer and producer Simon Kinberg. +Career. +Insolera wrote, directed and produced the long feature superhero movie "Sign Gene". The movie, shot between Japan, the US and Italy, centers on deaf superheroes who have the ability to create superhuman powers through the use of sign language. +"Sign Gene" received positive reviews from critics. On Los Angeles Times, Michael Rechtshaffen describes the "“fresh, unique filmmaking voice”" "“as wildly inventive as it is empowering.”" +In September 2019 it was announced that Insolera had joined the Simon Kinberg espionage "The 355" alongside Jessica Chastain, Penélope Cruz, Diane Kruger, Lupita Nyong'o, Fan Bingbing, Édgar Ramírez and Sebastian Stan. Insolera will be playing a character called Hacker. +Personal life. +Insolera is in relationship with Carola Insolera. They have two daughters. + += = = Pyrrhura = = = +Pyrrhura is a genus of medium-sized parrot. +Pyrrhura is in the Psittacinae subfamily (neotropical parrots). They come from central South America, and mostly live in wet forests. Some kinds are endangered. +Pyrrhura can grow up to 12 inches depending on the species. They all have long tails and are mostly green. +Some types of Pyrrhura are popular as pets. When they are pets, they are normally called Conures. +Species. +There are many species of parrot in "Pyrrhura": + += = = Animal Crossing = = = + is a social simulation video game series made by Nintendo. +Throughout the "Animal Crossing" series, the player character is a human who lives in a village with many anthropomorphic animals (animals who act like people). The player carries out various activities such as fishing, bug catching, and fossil hunting. The series is known for its open-ended gameplay and use of the video game console's internal clock and calendar to show real passage of time. The first game in the series was originally only released in Japan for the Nintendo 64. The first Animal Crossing in other areas was released on the Nintendo Gamecube in 2001. The most recent entry in the series is , which was released in late March of 2020. It's one of the best selling games for Nintendo. + += = = Thomas H. Haines = = = +Thomas Henry Haines (born August 9, 1933) is an American author, biochemist and academic. He was a professor of Chemistry at City College of New York and of Biochemistry at the Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education. He is a Visiting Professor in the Laboratory of Thomas Sakmar at Rockefeller University. +Haines was born in New York City. He studied at Rutgers University. From 1960 until 1985, he was married to Adrienne Rappaport. In 1986, he married Mary Cleveland. Haines' daughter, Avril Haines is the first woman to be Director of National Intelligence. + += = = Zoltán Lakner = = = +Zoltán Lakner (born 8 August 1975, Budapest) is a political scientist, social politician and journalist. +Lakner lectures at the Department of Social Policy of the Faculty of Social Sciences of Eötvös Loránd University. Since 2001 he has been a board member of the Hilscher Rezső Social Policy Association. +From 2016 to 2019, Lakner was a journalist and deputy editor-in-chief of 168 Hour weekly ("168 Óra"). From May 2020, Lakner writes as a journalist for "Present". + += = = Mary Holt = = = +Mary Holt (31 July 1924 – 17 February 2021) was a British Conservative politician and judge. Holt was Member of Parliament (MP) for Preston North from 1970 to 1974. From 1977 to 1995, Holt was a circuit court judge. +Holt died in Fulwood, Preston on 17 February 2021 at the age of 96. + += = = Bede Vincent Heather = = = +Bede Vincent Heather (7 December 1928 – 25 February 2021) was an Australian Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1951. He was titular bishop of "Obbi" and as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sydney, Australia, from 1979 to 1986 and as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Parramatta from 1986 to 1997. +Heather died on 25 February 2021, aged 92. + += = = György Snell = = = +György Snell (8 March 1949 – 26 Febraury 2021) was a Hungarian auxiliary bishop Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1972. He was auxiliary bishop of "Pudentiana" and as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Esztergom-Budapest from 2014 until his death in 2021. +Snell died on 26 February 2021, aged 71. + += = = Lara Trump = = = +Lara Lea Yunaska Trump (born October 12, 1982) is an American television producer and political strategist. Since 2024, she has been serving as the as co-chair of the Republican National Committee. +She is married to Eric Trump, the third child of Donald Trump, the 45th president of the United States. +Trump was the producer and host of Trump Productions' "Real News Update" and a producer of "Inside Edition". + += = = Hajdú-Bihar = = = +Hajdú-Bihar is a county in the Northern Great Plains in Eastern Hungary. There are currently 530,464 people in the county, and its biggest city, Debrecen is the second biggest city in the country. + += = = Aratinga = = = +Aratinga is a genus of medium-sized parrots. They are about 13 to 20 inches in length depending on the species. +Aratinga in the Psittacidae family (neotropical parrots). They're range is in South America, but they can be introduced to new habitats. + += = = Matthew Davis = = = +Matthew W. Davis (born May 8, 1978) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Warner Huntington III in "Legally Blonde", Adam Hillman on the ABC comedy-drama "What About Brian" from 2006 to 2007 and Alaric Saltzman on The CW fantasy drama "The Vampire Diaries" from 2009 to 2017. + += = = Iowa's 4th congressional district = = = +Iowa's 4th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Iowa. The district is in the northwest part of the state. The district includes the cities of Sioux City, Ames, Mason City, Fort Dodge, Boone and Carroll. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Randy Feenstra. + += = = Iowa's 3rd congressional district = = = +Iowa's 3rd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S state of Iowa. The district is in the southwest part of the state including Des Moines and the borders with Nebraska and Missouri. The district was created in 1863. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district has been represented in the United States House of Representatives by Democrat Cindy Axne since 2019. + += = = Large Marge = = = +"Large Marge" is the 4th episode of The Simpsons 14th season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on November 24, 2002. The episode is about Marge Simpson accidentally getting breast implants. +About 17.4 million people watched the episode when it was first broadcast. The episode was put on a DVD of episodes about romance. The DVD also has the episodes "Natural Born Kissers", "Three Gays of the Condo", and "The Way We Weren't". +Story. +Homer and Lisa try building houses for Habitat for Humanity. Two women there think that Homer is a bachelor. Marge drives by Homer and thinks that he is flirting with the two women. She thinks that getting a liposuction will make Homer like her more. However, she is accidentally given breast implants. A doctor says that she has to wait 48 hours to get them off. +Bart and Milhouse watch "Batman" with Krusty the Clown as a villain. Krusty puts Batman and Robin on a carousel and makes it go dangerously fast. Bart wants to try it on Milhouse. He puts Milhouse on the carousel at their school. Otto Mann makes the carousel go very fast. The carousel starts to fly and makes the school's flag of the United States fall. Milhouse gets dizzy and vomits on the flag. Bart and Milhouse get in trouble and say that Krusty made them do it. Krusty gets in trouble and has to make his television show safer for children. +Marge's breast implants makes it more difficult to work. She tries to hide them from her family, but they all see it later. They go to a restaurant and are given better quality food than other people. A person doing trade fairs sees Marge and gives her a job as a model. Marge likes being a model at first, but she starts getting sexually harassed. At an expo, Marge gets sexually harassed while trying to promote shoehorns. Krusty, Bart, and Milhouse go to the expo with an elephant. They make a plan that Krusty will save Milhouse from being hurt by the elephant. However, the elephant tries to eat Bart, Milhouse, and Homer. Chief Wiggum wants to shoot the elephant's mouth. Marge stop him from shooting by showing everyone her breasts. Krusty remembers and says the word used to stop the elephant. Krusty saves Bart and Milhouse and is popular again. Marge later gets her breast implants taken out. +Production. +"Large Marge" was written by Ian Maxtone-Graham. Jim Reardon is the director of the episode. Adam West and Burt Ward are voice actors for the television show "Batman". They are guest stars in the episode as the characters they voice act in the show. Baha Men made a parody of their song "Who Let the Dogs Out?" for the episode. +Reception. +Jeff Otto from IGN said that the episode is good, but not as good as other episodes about romance. Colin Jacobson from DVD Movie Guide thought that the episode's story is high concept (art that can be easily made), but that it "works pretty well". He liked how Marge's breast implants make the episode humorous. He said the other story with Bart and Krusty makes both stories a "fun manner". Victor Valdivia from DVD Verdict thought that this episode and "The Strong Arms of the Ma" show that Marge as a character makes it not as good as other episodes of the show. + += = = Milaca, Minnesota = = = +Milaca is a city in the state of Minnesota in the United States. It is the county seat of Mille Lacs County. + += = = Mayer, Minnesota = = = +Mayer is a city in Carver County, Minnesota, United States. 2,453 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Bouvron, Loire-Atlantique = = = +Bouvron is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Municipalities of Switzerland = = = +Municipalities (, ' or '; ; ; ) are the lowest level of administrative division in Switzerland. Each municipality is part of one of the Swiss cantons, which form the Swiss Confederation. In most cantons municipalities are also part of districts or other sub-cantonal administrative divisions. there are 2,212 municipalities. + += = = Brains, Loire-Atlantique = = = +Brains is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Campbon = = = +Campbon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Carquefou = = = +Carquefou is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Pieris brassicae = = = +Pieris brassicae is the large white, or cabbage white butterfly. Its caterpillars feed on the leaves of different kinds of cabbage. The imagines (butterflies) have a wingspan of about . +The cabbage white is a common butterfly that occurs from North Africa up to Fennoscandia. There are two to three generations a year, usually Spring to Autumn. +The butterfly has been classified as a pest because, of course, its caterpillars eat cabbages. Sometimes, "Cotesia glomerata", a parasitic wasp, is used as a means of biological pest control. +The butterflies are distasteful to birds because of the mustard-oil glucosides the larvae eat. This oil has a distinctive pungent taste. It is in all plants in the mustard family, Brassicaceae (for example, cabbage, cauliflower, turnip, radish, horseradish, or wasabi). +Their white colour is easily seen, and probably acts as a warning sign. + += = = Casson, Loire-Atlantique = = = +Casson is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Le Cellier = = = +Le Cellier is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Today and Tomorrow (1912 movie) = = = +Today and Tomorrow () is a 1912 Hungarian silent movie directed by Michael Curtiz (who also stars) and starring Gyula Abonyi, Gyula Szalay, Guyla Fehér, Artúr Somlay, Antal Hajdu. + += = = Nokia 3510 = = = +Nokia 3510 is a mobile phone for the GSM network, introduced by Nokia on 12 March 2002. The phone was the first Nokia phone to bring GPRS internet services to the mass market. +Design. +The Nokia 3510 was designed by Chairman Risto Siilasmaa at the Nokia Corporation Center in Hollywood, California, in USA. It is similar to the previous phones, with upgraded software. It was one of the first phones to have a colour display, and the first Nokia device (along with Nokia 7210) on the mass market with polyphonic ringtones. +Hardware. +The Nokia 3510 has 256MB and 30GB removable memory storage. + += = = Judeo-Christian = = = +Christianity started within Judaism, and then became an independent religion. The Old Testament, which is the first half of the Christian bible is based on the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible. Since about the 19th century, the term Judeo-Christian is used, to either describe this common heritage, or to show how Christianity developed from Judaism. The term "Abrahamic religions" also includes other religions, for which Abraham was an important person, most notably Islam. +At the time of Christ, Judaism was legal within the Roman Empire, and Jews were permitted to worship their religion. Christians were not covered by this arrangement, yet they had in the first century A.D. no Bible: the first book of the New Testament was not written until about 100 AD, though even that date this is not precisely known. It is deduced from its internal content. The other books were written even later. That is why in modern Bibles over half the content is from the Jewish tradition. +The words 'Judæo Christian' first appeared in the 19th century as a word for Jewish converts to Christianity. Some Jewish writers objected, because they felt it was used to pretend there were no important differences between the two religions. It was used a lot in America during the Cold War, to show that the country was united against communist atheism. It is still used sometimes in discussions about Western values and against Islam. + += = = Dal Orlov = = = +Dal Orlov (February 10, 1935 – February 24, 2021) was a Russian film critic, screenwriter, and writer. He was a member of the Union of Writers of the USSR and Moscow, the Union of Cinematographers of Russia, the Union of Journalists of Russia and a member of the Russian Theater Society. On February 24, 2021, at the age of 86, Orlov died. He won the Honored Art Worker of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic award. He was educated at Moscow State University. + += = = Irving Grundman = = = +Irving Grundman (July 23, 1928 – February 26, 2021) was a Canadian ice hockey executive. He was general manager of the Montreal Canadiens from 1978 until 1983. He was born in Montreal. +Grundman died on February 26, 2021 in Montreal at the age of 92. He suffered a short illness prior until his death. + += = = Hong Kong national security law = = = +The Hong Kong national security law is the law that is about national security in Hong Kong. The full name of the law is Law of the People's Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. It was enacted by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China in June 2020. It is different from other laws in Hong Kong for not being enacted by the Hong Kong Legislative Council. + += = = Aeroscopia = = = +Aeroscopia is a museum in Blagnac, France, close to Toulouse. It was created on 14 January 2015. It has two Concorde aircraft. + += = = Tozama Mantashe = = = +Priscilla Tozama Mantashe (23 October 1960 – 31 January 2021) was a South African politician. She was a member of the African National Congress. She was a Member of the National Assembly of South Africa from 2014 until her death in 2021. +Mantashe died on 31 January 2021 from COVID-19 complications during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa, aged 60. + += = = Johann Michael Neder = = = +Johann Michael Neder (29 April 1807 – 30 September 1882) was an Austrian painter. Neder was born in Vienna, and spent most of his life there. His paintings were done in the style of the Biedermeier. Today he is mostly known for portraits and genre paintings. Most of his work shows the life of the Viennese bourgeoisie in the suburbs of Vienna. For this reason, it is also important from a documentary point of view. + += = = Persian green = = = +Persian green is a cyanish green color. +Persian green is a color used in pottery and Persian carpets in Iran. The color persian green is a medium dark shade of cyan. + += = = Iris (color) = = = +Iris is a purpleish light shade of blue. The first use of iris as a color name in English was in 1916. The name is derived from the Iris flower. + += = = Alice blue = = = +Alice blue is a whiteish shade of blue and a pale tone of azure blue. + += = = Ng Man-tat = = = +Richard Ng Man-tat (2 January 1952 – 27 February 2021) was a Hong Kong actor. He was born in Fujian, China. He was known for his roles in "A Moment of Romance", "Legacy of Rage" and "My Heart Is That Eternal Rose". His career began in 1976. +Ng died in Hong Kong on 27 February 2021 from liver cancer, aged 70. + += = = Alfredo Quintana = = = +Alfredo Eduardo Quintana Bravo (; 20 March 1988 – 26 February 2021) was a Portuguese handball player. He played for Porto and the Portuguese national team. He was born in Havana, Cuba. He represented Portugal at the 2020 European Men's Handball Championship. +Quintana died of cardiac arrest on 26 February 2021 in Porto, Portugal at the age of 32. + += = = Hannu Mikkola = = = +Hannu Olavi Mikkola (24 May 1942 − 26 February 2021) was a Finnish world champion rally driver. He was a seven-time winner of the 1000 Lakes Rally in Finland and won the RAC Rally in Great Britain four times. Mikkola was born in Joensuu, Finland. +Mikkola died on 26 February 2021 in Helsinki, aged 78. + += = = Berend Jansema = = = +Berend Pieter "Bé" Jansema (24 January 1943 – 14 February 2021) was a Dutch civil servant and politician. He was a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy. He was an alderman of Houten from 1979 until 1981 and mayor of Rossum and Heerewaarden from 1981 until 1989. He later was mayor of Harlingen from 1989 until 1997 and of Coevorden from 1998 until 2003. +Jansema was born in Wagenborgen (Eemsdelta) and died in Maspalomas, Gran Canaria on 14 February 2021, aged 78. + += = = Fiona Caldicott = = = +Dame Fiona Caldicott, (12 January 1941 – 15 February 2021) was a British psychiatrist and psychotherapist. She also was Principal of Somerville College, Oxford. She was the National Data Guardian for Health and Social Care in England until her death. +Caldicott died on 15 February 2021, aged 80. + += = = Air Force blue = = = +Air Force blue is a grayish tone blue and a gray, darker, variation of cyan and azure. The blue color was chosen as a symbol of clear sky. +They look like dark azure but the United States Air Force and US Air Force Academy used the color which looks like dark blue. + += = = Shane Lewis (swimmer) = = = +Shane Lewis (18 March 1973 – 21 February 2021) was an Australian swimmer. He competed in the men's 100 metre breaststroke event at the 1992 Summer Olympics. +Lewis died on 21 February 2021, aged 47. + += = = Juan Francisco Sarasti Jaramillo = = = +Juan Francisco Sarasti Jaramillo (30 July 1938 – 25 February 2021) was a Colombian Roman Catholic archbishop. He became a priest in 1963. +Sarasti Jaramillo was titular bishop of "Egara" and as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cali, Colombia, from 1978 to 1983. He then was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Barrancabermeja, Colombia from 1983 to 1993 and as archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ibagué, Colombia from 1993 to 2002. +He was archbishop of the Cali Archdiocese from 2002 to 2011. +Sarasti Jaramillo died from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia on 25 February 2021, at the age of 82. + += = = Leroy J. Manor = = = +Leroy Joseph Manor (February 21, 1921 – February 25, 2021) was a United States Air Force Lieutenant General. He began his career serving as a P-47 fighter pilot in World War II. He was best known as task force commander of Operation Ivory Coast. Manor was born in Morrisonville, New York. +Manor died on February 25, 2021 in Shalimar, Florida just four days after his 100th birthday. + += = = Morrisonville, New York = = = +Morrisonville is a hamlet and census-designated place in Clinton County, New York, United States. 1,893 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Shalimar, Florida = = = +Shalimar is a town in Okaloosa County, Florida, United States. 737 people lived here at the 2020 census. It is part of the Fort Walton Beach–Crestview–Destin Metropolitan Statistical Area. + += = = Frank J. Kelley = = = +Frank Joseph Kelley (December 31, 1924 – March 5, 2021) was an American Democratic politician and lawyer. He was born in Detroit, Michigan +Kelley was the 50th Attorney General of Michigan from 1961 until 1999. He was the youngest (36 years old) and oldest (74 years old) Attorney General in the state's history. He was nicknamed as the "Eternal General" since he was attorney general for a long time. +He was the longest serving state attorney general in United States history, until Tom Miller beat his record in 2019. +Kelley died on March 5, 2021 at a nursing home in Naples, Florida at the age of 96. + += = = British racing green = = = +British racing green is a very dark shade of green. +Other names. +British racing green is also known as very dark yellowish green. + += = = Biedermeier = = = +Biedermeier was a time in the arts and German literature, which occurred between 1815 and 1848. In 1815, the Congress of Vienna ended the Napoleonic Wars. In 1848, there were revolutions in many European Countries. Between 1815 and 1848, the middle class grew. During that time, the forces that had been active before the French Revolution rose to power again. Politically, the times were very hard, and there was a lot of repression. For this reason, most of the arts focused on apolitical life at home. +In painting, "Biedermeier" focused on landscapes, portraits, and perhaps still lifes, or genre paintings. There are almost no religious or historical paintings. Many painters wanted to copy or to resemble 17th century Dutch painters. Many paintings were realist, almost like a modern-day photograph. Interior portraits were typical for Biedermeier: there the idea was to show a fully furnished room, in all its details. +In music, there's no epoch called "Biedermeier": the only thing that is perhaps worth mentioning that playing music at home, in the family became important, this is known as house concert. +In theatre, the main focus was entertainment, not like the Age of Enlightenment. Also in addition to the national theatres, a number of smaller theatres started to exist. + += = = Estrella tree frog = = = +The estrella tree frog ("Dendropsophus anceps") is a frog that lives in Brazil. + += = = Peter Lorimer = = = +Peter Patrick Lorimer (14 December 1946 – 20 March 2021) was a Scottish footballer. He played for Leeds United making over 500 appearances between 1962 to 1979 and again from 1983 to 1985. He also appeared twenty-one times for Scotland from 1969 to 1976. He was an attacking midfielder. +On 26 February 2021, it was announced that Lorimer was put under hospice care because of a long-illness. He died a month later on 20 March 2021, aged 74. + += = = Manchester, Michigan = = = +Manchester is a village in Manchester Township within Washtenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. 2,037 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Manchester Township, Michigan = = = +Manchester Township is a civil township of Washtenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. 4,626 people lived here at the 2020 census. The Village of Manchester is located within the township. + += = = John Swainson = = = +John Burley Swainson (July 31, 1925 – May 13, 1994) was a Canadian-American politician and lawyer. He was the 42nd Governor of Michigan from 1961 until 1963. He was Lieutenant Governor from 1959 until 1961. +Swainson died on May 13, 1994 in Manchester, Michigan from a heart attack, aged 68. + += = = JSL Cup = = = + was a Japanese football competition. It was one of the three major titles in Japan, along with Japan Soccer League and the Emperor's Cup. +Performances by team. +Teams are named using current nomenclature, or last one if they are defunct (denoted in "italics"). + += = = Taito (disambiguation) = = = +Taito may refer to: + += = = European water vole = = = +The European water vole or northern water vole is a semi-aquatic rodent. Sometimes, it is also called water rat, though the animal is only similar to a rat. Water voles have rounder noses than rats, deep brown fur, chubby faces and short fuzzy ears, Unlike rats their tails, paws and ears are covered with hair. In the wild, on average, water voles only live about five months. Maximum longevity in captivity is two and a half years. + += = = Tyrian purple = = = +Tyrian purple is a reddish dark purple color. +Other names. +Other names the color tyrian purple is known: + += = = Drachten = = = +Drachten is a town in the Dutch province of Friesland. It is part of the municipality of Smallingerland. In 2020, 45,075 people lived there. + += = = VVV-Venlo = = = +VVV-Venlo is a Dutch +football club which plays in Venlo. + += = = Fawn (colour) = = = +Fawn, also known as moderate orange yellow, is a yellowish light brown color. The first use of fawn as a color name, in English, was in the year 1789. + += = = Platinum (color) = = = +Platinum, also known as grayish white, is a gray tone that is similar to the metal platinum. The first use of platinium as a color name, in English, was in the year 1918. + += = = La Chapelle-Basse-Mer = = = +La Chapelle-Basse-Mer is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Divatte-sur-Loire. + += = = La Chapelle-des-Marais = = = +La Chapelle-des-Marais is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = La Chapelle-Glain = = = +La Chapelle-Glain is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = La Chapelle-Heulin = = = +La Chapelle-Heulin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = La Chapelle-Launay = = = +La Chapelle-Launay is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = La Chapelle-sur-Erdre = = = +La Chapelle-sur-Erdre is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Château-Thébaud = = = +Château-Thébaud is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Chauvé = = = +Chauvé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Cheix-en-Retz = = = +Cheix-en-Retz is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Chéméré = = = +Chéméré is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Chaumes-en-Retz. + += = = La Chevallerais = = = +La Chevallerais is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Honeydew (color) = = = +"For other meanings, see Honeydew (disambiguation)" +Honeydew is a greenish white color and a pale tone of spring green. + += = = La Chevrolière = = = +La Chevrolière is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Clisson = = = +Clisson is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Conquereuil = = = +Conquereuil is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Corcoué-sur-Logne = = = +Corcoué-sur-Logne is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Corsept = = = +Corsept is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Couffé = = = +Couffé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Le Croisic = = = +Le Croisic is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Crossac = = = +Crossac is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Derval = = = +Derval is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Donges = = = +Donges is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Drefféac = = = +Drefféac is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Fay-de-Bretagne = = = +Fay-de-Bretagne is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Fercé = = = +Fercé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Le Fresne-sur-Loire = = = +Le Fresne-sur-Loire used to be a commune. It was in Pays de la Loire in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. Before 1 January 2016, it was part of the Loire-Atlantique department. On 1 January 2016, it became part of the new commune, Ingrandes-Le Fresne sur Loire. + += = = Frossay = = = +Frossay is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Le Gâvre = = = +Le Gâvre is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Geneston = = = +Geneston is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Gétigné = = = +Gétigné is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Gorges, Loire-Atlantique = = = +Gorges is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Grand-Auverné = = = +Grand-Auverné (; Gallo: "Graund-Auvernaé", ) is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department. It is in western France. + += = = Emphasis (typography) = = = +In typography, emphasis is to strengthen words in a text. Often, this is done by using the font in a different style from the rest of the text. This highlights them. It is rather like changing tone of voice or speaking louder. +Methods include changes in the way the font is used: bold, "italics", , using , changing the size of the print, and changing the typeface itself (the font). +In practice, most experienced writers look to change the text itself (the actual words) before they consider anything else. + += = = Sittard = = = +Sittard is a city in the Dutch province of Limburg. It has about 37,500 inhabitants. +Since 2001, it is part of the new municipality of Sittard-Geleen. + += = = Geta (emperor) = = = +Publius Septimius Geta (7 March 189 – 26 December 211) was son of Severus and reigned from 209211 . + += = = Westphalian language = = = +Westphalian or Westfalish (Standard High German: "Westfälisch") is a dialect spoken in North Rhine-Westphalia. The Westphalian dialect is considered Dutch Low Saxon. + += = = Low German language = = = +Low German or Low Saxon (, or "Platt") is one of the Germanic languages. It is still spoken by many people in northern Germany and the northeast part of the Netherlands. Low German is closer to the English and Dutch languages than High German (Hochdeutsch) is. + += = = Low Franconian = = = +Low Franconian, Low Frankish, Netherlandic (Dutch: "Nederfrankisch", High German: "Niederfränkisch") is a dialect close to the Dutch language. + += = = Maka Bochorishvili = = = +Maka Bochorishvili (born 15 August 1978) is a Georgian diplomat and politician, Member of Georgian Dream. She is a Member of Parliament of Georgia since 2020. + += = = Portugal national under-20 football team = = = +The Portugal national under-20 football team is the national under-20 football team of Portugal. It it controlled by the Portuguese Football Federation. +Head coaches. +"As of 15 November 2012" + += = = Amzat Boukari-Yabara = = = +Amzat Boukari-Yabara is a French pan-Africanist historian from Benin. His books explain the history of important people, places, and events in pan-Africanism. He also discusses politics today, often criticizing France, the United States, and neocolonialism. + += = = Mystery Train (movie) = = = +Mystery Train is a 1989 Japanese American comedy movie directed by Jim Jarmusch and starring Masatoshi Nagase, Youki Kudoh, Screamin' Jay Hawkins, Cinqué Lee, Rufus Thomas, Steve Buscemi, Tom Waits, Vonda Shepard, Joe Strummer, Sy Richardson, Elizabeth Bracco. It was distributed by Orion Pictures. + += = = Eight Hours of Terror = = = + is a 1957 Japanese mystery movie directed by Seijun Suzuki and starring Taizō Fukami and Hisako Hara. It is based on the 1939 John Ford movie "Stagecoach". + += = = Grandchamps-des-Fontaines = = = +Grandchamps-des-Fontaines is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = La Grigonnais = = = +La Grigonnais is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Guémené-Penfao = = = +Guémené-Penfao is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Guenrouet = = = +Guenrouet is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Guérande = = = +Guérande is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = La Haie-Fouassière = = = +La Haie-Fouassière is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Haute-Goulaine = = = +Haute-Goulaine is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Herbignac = = = +Herbignac is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Héric = = = +Héric is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Issé = = = +Issé is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Jans = = = +Jans is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Joué-sur-Erdre = = = +Joué-sur-Erdre is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Saint-Julien-de-Concelles = = = +Saint-Julien-de-Concelles is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Saint-Hilaire-de-Chaléons = = = +Saint-Hilaire-de-Chaléons is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Kaysville, Utah = = = +Kaysville is a city in Davis County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 32,948 people live in Kaysville. + += = = Lehi, Utah = = = +Lehi is a city in Utah County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 75,907 people lived in Lehi. This is up from 47,407 people at the 2010 census. + += = = Two Arabian Knights = = = +Two Arabian Knights is a 1927 American World War I romantic comedy movie directed by Lewis Milestone and starring William Boyd, Mary Astor, Louis Wolheim, Ian Keith, Michael Vavitch, Michael Visaroff, Boris Karloff. It was distributed by United Artists and was based on the 1924 story of the same name. It won an Academy Award in 1929. + += = = Bayer filter = = = +A Bayer filter mosaic is a technology used in sensors for digital photography. Eastman Kodak first made the filters and patented them in the 1970s. The Bayer filter uses a grid of filters. Half of them are sensitive to green, a quarter each is sensitive to red or blue. In 2021, most image sensors used in digital cameras used a Bayer filter. + += = = Stagecoach (1939 movie) = = = +Stagecoach is a 1939 American western movie directed by John Ford and was based on the 1937 short story "The Stage to Lordsburg" by Ernest Haycox. It stars John Wayne, Claire Trevor, Andy Devine, John Carradine, Thomas Mitchell, Louise Platt, George Bancroft and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for 7 Academy Awards and won 2 in 1940 and was remade as "Stagecoach" in 1966 and 1986. + += = = Angeliño = = = +José Ángel Esmorís Tasende (born 4 January 1997), commonly known as Angeliño, is a Spanish footballer. He currently plays for Galatasaray, on loan from RB Leipzig. + += = = Fred Shuttlesworth = = = +Fred Shuttlesworth was an American civil rights activist during the 1960's. +Early life. +Shuttlesworth was born on March 18, 1922, in Mount Meigs, Alabama. He became a reverend, or a Protestant Christian clergyman. +Civil rights. +In the middle of the 20th century, Birmingham was one of the most segregated cities in the United States, meaning that white people and black people were not allowed to use the same facilities, and the ones for black people were usually worse than the ones for white people. +Birmingham stayed segregated until Martin Luther King Jr. and people from the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, including Fred Shuttlesworth, protested for the rights of African Americans. Reverend Shuttlesworth also started the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights ) in May 1956. +Death. +Shuttlesworth died on October 5, 2011, in a hospital in Birmingham, Alabama, where he had organized protests. + += = = Spies in Disguise = = = +Spies in Disguise is a computer animated movie made by Blue Sky Studios. It stars the voices of Rashida Jones, Ben Mendelsohn, Reba McEntire, Rachel Brosnahan, Karen Gillan, DJ Khaled, and Masi Oka. + += = = Rio 2 = = = +Rio 2 (also known as Rio 2: Jungle Fever) is a 2014 computer animated movie made by Blue Sky Studios. It stars the voices of Jesse Eisenberg, Anne Hathaway, will.i.am, Jamie Foxx, George Lopez, Tracy Morgan, Jemaine Clement, Leslie Mann, Rodrigo Santoro, and Jake T. Austin. + += = = Mabiki = = = +Mabiki is a Congolese book publisher. It was founded in Wavre, Belgium in 2005, and is active in Belgium and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Mabiki publishes books in at least five languages. + += = = The Wings of Eagles = = = +The Wings of Eagles is a 1957 American drama movie directed by John Ford and starring John Wayne, Dan Dailey, Maureen O'Hara, Ward Bond, Ken Curtis, Edmund Lowe, Kenneth Tobey, Henry O'Neill. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. + += = = Northern Bavarian = = = +Northern Bavarian or North Central Bavarian (German: "Nordbairisch", "Nordmittelbairisch") is a dialect of the Bavarian language. Though mostly spoken in Weiden in der Oberpfalz, Northern Bavarian is also spoken in Upper, Lower Bavaria and Upper Franconia. There is one subvariant called West Northern Bavarian or West Northern Central Bavarian. It is spoken in the west, up in the north of Bavaria. The dialects of the Upper Palatinate and the Bavarian Forest are also called “"Waidlerische"”. Linguistically, these are North Bavarian, North Central Bavarian and Central Bavarian dialects, with the North Bavarian elements gradually increasing towards the north. +Spoken regions. +Northern Bavarian is spoken in most of the Upper Palatinate, in the southeastern parts of Upper Franconia and Middle Franconia, in the northernmost part of Upper Bavaria and in the southernmost part of Saxony (Southern Vogtland). In the south-eastern Upper Palatinate and in the northernmost part of Lower Bavaria, mixed forms of Northern and Central Bavarian - linguistically called Northern Central Bavarian - are spoken, with the city of Regensburg being a Central Bavarian linguistic island within this area. + += = = Coney Island (1943 movie) = = = +Coney Island is a 1943 American musical movie directed by Walter Lang and starring Betty Grable, George Montgomery, Cesar Romero, Charles Winninger, Phil Silvers, Frank Orth. It was nominated for Academy Award in 1944 and was remade in 1950 as "Wabash Avenue". It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = This Above All = = = +This Above All is a 1942 American World War II romance movie directed by Anatole Litvak and was based on the 1941 novel of the same name by Eric Knight. It stars Tyrone Power, Joan Fontaine, Thomas Mitchell, Nigel Bruce, Gladys Cooper, Melville Cooper, Jill Esmond, Queenie Leonard and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for 4 Academy Awards and won one in 1943. + += = = FC Dinamo Minsk = = = +Football Club Dinamo Minsk is a professional football club from Minsk, Belarus. They currently play in the Belarusian Premier League. The club was founded in 1927. + += = = The Tango of Our Childhood = = = +The Tango of Our Childhood (, ) is a 1985 Russian Armenian comedy movie directed by Albert Mkrtchyan and starring Galya Novents, Frunzik Mkrtchyan, Elina Agamyan, Azat Gasparyan. + += = = Central Bavarian = = = +Central Bavarian or Central Austro-Bavarian is a group of Bavarian dialects which are spoken in Austria. It is also spoken in Bavaria along the Danube, the northern Eastern Alps, and the Old Bavarian regions (mostly Munich). There are many large cities along the course of these rivers, and the dialects have a high prestige. They are also commonly used in TV and movie productions. It is commonly referred to as West Central Bavarian ("Westmittelbairisch", spoken in Upper and Lower Bavaria) and East Central Bavarian ("Ostmittelbairisch", spoken in Upper and Lower Austria, Salzburg, Styria, and Burgenland). +Differences from Bavarian. +The differences are noticeable. For example, the Bavarian word "vui" becomes "vüü" in East Central Bavarian, and the word "dahâm" becomes "dahoam" in West Central Bavarian. + += = = The Naked Woman and the Gun = = = + is a 1957 Japanese action movie directed by Seijun Suzuki and starring Michitaro Mizushima, Joe Shishido, Mari Shiraki, Shinsuke Ashida, Hideaki Nitani. + += = = Diego Garcia = = = +Diego Garcia is an atoll of the Chagos Archipelago, just south of the equator. It is the island with the largest landmass in the archipelago. Today, the archipelago is the only settled place in the British Indian Ocean Territory. The Portuguese discovered it, and the French settled it in the 1790s. It used to be part of Mauritius. After the Napoleonic Wars, Mauritius became a British colony. Diego Garcia is south of Gan Island, the southernmost island of the Maldives. It is east of Paislin island of the Seychelles. The archipelago is claimed by Mauritius, but controlled by the British. The United States run a military base on the island. +The archipelago has a landmass of about , the lagoon has an area of about . In 2021, about 4,200 people, all of them military personnel lived on Diego Garcia. There is an airport, and a small harbor on the island. Communication is done using satellite. + += = = Louisa (1946 movie) = = = +Louisa () is a 1946 Finnish drama movie directed by Valentin Vaala and was based on the 1940 play of the same name by Hella Wuolijoki. It stars Emma Väänänen, Tauno Palo, Kirsti Hurme, Holger Salin, Hilkka Helinä, Matti Aulos. + += = = Honeydew, California = = = +Honeydew (before as Honey Dew) is an unincorporated community in Humboldt County, California. +History. +The first post office at Honeydew opened in 1926. Honeydew, Petrolia and Capetown were originally stagecoach and mail stops in the 1800s. +Schools. +There are three schools in Honeydew: Honeydew Elementary School, Mattole Valley Triple Junction High School and Honeydew Charter School #159. + += = = Heliotropium = = = +Heliotropium is a plant that belongs to the Boraginaceae family. + += = = Heliotrope (color) = = = +Heliotrope is a pinkish purple color and is similar to the color of the Heliotrope flower. +Color tones. +Heliotrope gray. +Heliotrope gray is a gray-ish variation of heliotrope. +Heliotrope magenta. +Heliotrope magenta is a darker, magentaish tone of heliotrope. +Old heliotrope. +Old heliotrope is a dark, purple, grayish tone of heliotrope, and is also known as dark purple. + += = = Puya (Meitei texts) = = = +A Puya () (literally, pū="ancestor"; yā="advice") is any old manuscript written in Classical Meitei (Classical Manipuri language). It is based on varying topics, especially religion, mythology, philosophy and history of Ancient Manipur. +List of puyas. +The list of Puyas, written in Meitei language (Manipuri language), are given below in alphabetical order: + += = = Niwari district = = = +Niwari district is one of the districts of Madhya Pradesh state. It is the 52nd district of Madhya Pradesh. Madhya Pradesh is one of the states of India. + += = = National Anthem of Zimbabwe = = = +Blessed be the land of Zimbabwe (Shona: ""Simudzai Mureza wedu WeZimbabwe", Ndebele: "Kalibusiswe Ilizwe leZimbabwe"") is the national anthem of Zimbabwe, written by Professor Solomon Mutswairo and composed by Fred Changundega. +The anthem was introduced in March 1994 after a competition to replace "Ishe Komborera Africa" with a distinctly Zimbabwean song. +Lyrics. +English. +Oh lift high the banner, the flag of Zimbabwe,<br> +The symbol of freedom proclaiming victory;<br> +We praise our heroes' sacrifice,<br> +And vow to keep our land from foes;<br> +And may the Almighty protect and bless our land.<br> +Oh lovely Zimbabwe, so wondrously adorned,<br> +With mountains, and rivers cascading, flowing free;<br> +May rain abound, and fertile fields,<br> +May we be fed, our labour blessed;<br> +And may the Almighty protect and bless our land.<br> +Oh God, we beseech Thee to bless our native land,<br> +The land of our fathers bestowed upon us all;<br> +From Zambezi to Limpopo,<br> +May leaders be exemplary;<br> +And may the Almighty protect and bless our land,<br> +Shona. +Simudzai mureza wedu weZimbabwe<br> +Yakazvarwa nemoto wechimurenga,<br> +Neropa zhinji ramagamba<br> +Tiidzivirire kumhandu dzose;<br> +Ngaikomborerwe nyika yeZimbabwe.<br> +Tarisai Zimbabwe nyika yakashongedzwa<br> +Namakomo, nehova, zvinoyeveedza<br> +Mvura ngainaye, minda ipe mbesa<br> +Vashandi vatuswe, ruzhinji rugutswe;<br> +Ngaikomborerwe nyika yeZimbabwe.<br> +Mwari ropafadzai nyika yeZimbabwe<br> +Nyika yamadzitateguru edu tose;<br> +Kubva Zambezi kusvika Limpopo,<br> +Navatungamiri vave nenduramo;<br> +Ngaikomborerwe nyika yeZimbabwe.<br> +<br> +Ndebele. +Phakamisan' if'legi yethu yeZimbabwe<br> +Eyazalwa yimpi yenkululeko;<br> +Legaz' elinengi lamaqhawe ethu<br> +Silivikele ezithen' izonke;<br> +Kalibusisiwe ilizwe leZimbabwe.<br> +Khangelan' iZimbabwe yon' ihlotshisiwe<br> +Ngezintaba lange' miful' ebukekayo,<br> +Izulu kaline, izilimo zande;<br> +Iz' sebenzi zenam', abantu basuthe;<br> +Kalibusisiwe ilizwe leZimbabwe.<br> +Nkosi busis' ilizwe lethu leZimbabwe<br> +Ilizwe labokhokho bethu thina sonke;<br> +Kusuk' eZambezi kusiy' eLimpopo<br> +Abakhokheli babe lobuqotho;<br> +Kalibusisiwe ilizwe leZimbabwe;<br> +<br> +Trilingual Version. +Shona +Ndebele +English +CODA + += = = Lesotho Fatse La Bontata Rona = = = +"Lesotho Fatse La Bontata Rona" (; "Lesotho, Land of Our Fathers") is the national anthem of Lesotho. + += = = Juigné-des-Moutiers = = = +Juigné-des-Moutiers is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = O Land of Beauty! = = = +"O Land of Beauty!" is a song. It is the national anthem of the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis. + += = = Le Landreau = = = +Le Landreau is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Legé = = = +Legé is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Vair-sur-Loire = = = +Vair-sur-Loire is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Saint-Herblon (the seat) and Anetz. + += = = Saint-Herblon = = = +Saint-Herblon is a former commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Vair-sur-Loire. + += = = Ligné, Loire-Atlantique = = = +Ligné is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Kigelia = = = +Kigelia is a botanical genus belonging to Bignoniaceae family. There is one species called kigelia africana. + += = = Ligné = = = +Ligné is the name of two communes in France: + += = = Ligné, Charente = = = +Ligné is a commune. It is found in the Charente department in the south of France. + += = = La Limouzinière = = = +La Limouzinière is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Le Loroux-Bottereau = = = +Le Loroux-Bottereau is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Louisfert = = = +Louisfert is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Lusanger = = = +Lusanger is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Heliotrope = = = +Heliotrope may refer to: + += = = Machecoul = = = +Machecoul is a former commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Machecoul-Saint-Même. + += = = Maisdon-sur-Sèvre = = = +Maisdon-sur-Sèvre is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Malville = = = +Malville is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = La Marne = = = +La Marne is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Marsac-sur-Don = = = +Marsac-sur-Don is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Massérac = = = +Massérac is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Mauves-sur-Loire = = = +Mauves-sur-Loire is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = La Meilleraye-de-Bretagne = = = +La Meilleraye-de-Bretagne is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Kaldrananeshreppur = = = +Kaldrananeshreppur is a municipality in northwestern Iceland. It is part of the Westfjords region. In 2019, 103 people lived there. + += = = Murray, Utah = = = +Murray is a city in Salt Lake County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 50,637 people live in Murray. + += = = Pleasant Grove, Utah = = = +Pleasant Grove is a city in Utah County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 37,726 people live in Pleasant Grove. + += = = Roy, Utah = = = +Roy is a city in Weber County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 39,306 people live in Roy. + += = = Taylorsville, Utah = = = +Taylorsville is a city in Salt Lake County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 60,448 people live in Taylorsville. + += = = West Valley City, Utah = = = +West Valley City is a city in Salt Lake County, Utah, United States. As of the 2010 census, 140,230 people live in West Valley City. +It is the second largest city by population in Utah. + += = = Rialto, California = = = +Rialto is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. As of the 2020 census, 104,026 people live in Rialto. + += = = FC Volendam = = = +FC Volendam is a Dutch football club which plays in Volendam. + += = = Heracles Almelo = = = +Heracles Almelo is a Dutch football club which plays in Almelo. + += = = Montclair, California = = = +Montclair is a city in San Bernardino County, California. + += = = Giorgi Vashadze = = = +Giorgi Vashadze (; born 8 July 1981) is a Harvard Business School Executive Education alumnus, Georgian politician and international policy expert who was a member of the Parliament of Georgia from 2012 to 2016. He is member of Parliament since 2020. He is a founder and international key expert of Innovation and Development Foundation (IDF) , international think-tank that is committed to design public policy solutions and reform packages. In May 2016, Giorgi Vashadze founded a political party ‘Political Platform - New Georgia ’. He is also a founder of Computer Literacy Foundation that was established in 2012 and Georgia Reforms and Partnership Enterprise (GRAPE). Giorgi Vashadze served as a Deputy-Minister at the Ministry of Justice between 2010 and 2012, and he was a Chairman of Civil Registry Agency from 2006 to 2010. + += = = Zamfara kidnapping = = = +The Zamfara kidnapping (Jangebe kidnapping) was a mass kidnapping of female students in Jangebe, Zamfara State, Nigeria. On 26 February 2021, 279 girls aged 12–17 years old were kidnapped by armed bandits at the Government Girls Science Secondary School, a boarding school in the northwest of the country. A police officer was killed. +It is part of the Nigerian bandit conflict, which began in 2011. It is the second school kidnapping in Nigeria during 2021, the first being the Kagara kidnapping. +Amnesty International said the kidnapping is a war crime. No one has claimed responsibility for the kidnapping. +On 2 March 2021, the students were freed. The news was released by a tweet from the Zamfara governor. + += = = Kagara kidnapping = = = +On 17 February, 2021, a student was killed and 27 others were kidnapped by armed men at around 3 am from their school in Kagara, Niger State, Nigeria. Three members of the school's staff and 12 of their relatives were also abducted. +No one has claimed responsibility for the attack. +President Muhammadu Buhari ordered the police and the military to do a rescue operation. +On 27 February 2021, the government of Niger State announced that all the 42 people abducted from the Kigara school have been released by the bandits and received by the Niger state government. + += = = 2013 Pacific typhoon season = = = +The 2013 Pacific typhoon season was an above-normal Pacific typhoon season. +Seasonal forecasts. +During each season, many national meteorological services and scientific agencies forecast how many tropical cyclones, tropical storms, and typhoons will form during a season and/or how many tropical cyclones will affect a certain country. These agencies include the Tropical Storm Risk Consortium of the University College London, Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration and the Vietnamese National Center for Hydro Meteorological forecasts . +Storm names. +Within the North-western Pacific Ocean, both the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) and the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration assign names to tropical cyclones that develop in the Western Pacific, which can mean a tropical cyclone has two names. The Japan Meteorological Agency's RSMC Tokyo — Typhoon Center assigns international names to tropical cyclones on behalf of the World Meteorological Organization's Typhoon Committee, should they be judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of . While the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration assigns names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in their area of responsibility located between 135°E and 115°E and between 5°N-25°N even if the cyclone has had an international name given to it. The names of significant tropical cyclones are retired, by both PAGASA and the Typhoon Committee. Should the list of names for the Philippine region all be used, then names will be taken from an auxiliary list. The first ten of these names are made before the start of the season. Unused names are marked in . +International names. +During the season 29 tropical storms developed in the Western Pacific and each one was named by the JMA, when the system was judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of . The JMA selected the names from a list of 140 names, that had been developed by the 14 members nations and territories of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee. During the season the names Leepi and Mangkhut were used for the first time, after they had replaced the names Xangsane and Durian, which were retired after the 2006 season. +After the season the Typhoon Committee retired the names "Sonamu", "Utor", "Fitow" and "Haiyan" from its naming lists, and in February 2015, the names were subsequently replaced with "Jongdari", "Barijat", "Mun" and "Bailu" for future seasons. +Philippines. +During the season PAGASA used its own naming scheme for the 25 tropical cyclones, that either developed within or moved into their self-defined area of responsibility. The names were taken from a list of names, that had been last used during 2009 and was used again during 2017. The names Fabian, Odette and Paolo were used for the first time during the year after the names Ondoy, and Pepeng were retired. The names Wilma, Yolanda, and Zoraida were also used for the first time (and only in the case of Yolanda). +After the season the names Labuyo, Santi and Yolanda were retired by PAGASA, as they had caused over 300 deaths and over PhP1 billion in damages. They were soon replaced on the list with Lannie, Salome and Yasmin. +Season effects. +This table lists all the storms that developed in the northwestern Pacific Ocean west of the International Date Line and north of the equator during 2013. It includes their intensity, duration, name, areas affected, deaths, and damage totals. Classification and intensity values are based on estimations conducted by the JMA. All damage figures are in 2013 USD. Damages and deaths from a storm include when the storm was a precursor wave or an extratropical low. + += = = St. Augusta, Minnesota = = = +Saint Augusta, formerly named Ventura, is a city in Stearns County, Minnesota, United States. 3,497 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Limburgish = = = +Limburgish (Limburgish: "Lèmburgs" ]; ; ; ), also called Limburgan, Limburgian, or Limburgic, is a group of East Low Franconian varieties spoken in the provinces of Belgian Limburg and Dutch Limburg and surroundings, and also in neighboring parts of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. + += = = Mésanger = = = +Mésanger is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Mesquer = = = +Mesquer is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Missillac = = = +Missillac is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Monnières, Loire-Atlantique = = = +Monnières is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Tobacco Road (movie) = = = +Tobacco Road is a 1941 American comedy movie directed by John Ford. It was based on the 1932 novel of the same name by Erskine Caldwell and also adapted from the 1933 Broadway play by Jack Kirkland. It stars Charley Grapewin, Marjorie Rambeau, Gene Tierney, William Tracy, Dana Andrews, Ward Bond and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Sweet Rosie O'Grady = = = +Sweet Rosie O'Grady is a 1943 American musical movie directed by Irving Cummings and starring Betty Grable, Robert Young, Adolphe Menjou, Reginald Gardiner, Virginia Grey, Phil Regan, Sig Ruman, Alan Dinehart. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Torture Garden = = = +Torture Garden is a 1967 British horror movie directed by Freddie Francis and was based on a series of short stories. It stars Jack Palance, Burgess Meredith, Beverly Adams, Peter Cushing, Barbara Ewing, John Standing, Bernard Kay, Maurice Denham and was distributed by Columbia Pictures. + += = = Do You Love Me (movie) = = = +Do You Love Me is a 1946 American musical movie directed by Gregory Ratoff and starring Maureen O'Hara, Dick Haymes, Harry James, Reginald Gardiner, Richard Gaines. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = The Kid from Spain = = = +The Kid from Spain is a 1932 American comedy movie directed by Leo McCarey and starring Eddie Cantor, Lyda Roberti, Robert Young, Ruth Hall, John Miljan, Noah Beery, Sr., J. Carrol Naish, Robert Emmett O'Connor, Stanley Fields. It was distributed by United Artists. + += = = Junction, Utah = = = +Junction is a town in and the county seat of Piute County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 212 people live in Junction. + += = = Heber City, Utah = = = +Heber City is a city in and the county seat of Wasatch County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 16,856 people live in Heber City. This is up from 11,362 people at the 2010 census. + += = = Leningrad Cowboys Meet Moses = = = +Leningrad Cowboys Meet Moses is a 1994 Finnish German French comedy movie directed by Aki Kaurismäki and is the sequel to the 1989 movie "Leningrad Cowboys Go America". It stars Leningrad Cowboys, Matti Pellonpää, Kari Väänänen, Nicky Tesco, André Wilms. + += = = Transistor computer = = = +A transistor computer, now often called a second generation computer, is a computer which uses individual transistors instead of vacuum tubes. The first generation of electronic computers used vacuum tubes, which were big, unreliable, and generated large amounts of heat. A second generation of computers, through the late 1950s and 1960s contained circuit boards filled with individual transistors and magnetic core memory. These machines were in use up to the late 1960s, when integrated circuits became available. + += = = The Fencer = = = +The Fencer (, ) is a 2015 Finnish Estonian German drama movie directed by Klaus Härö and starring Märt Avandi, Ursula Ratasepp, Liisa Koppel, Lembit Ulfsak, Leida Rammo, Piret Kalda, Kirill Käro. + += = = Archonta = = = +The Archonta is a deprecated superorder of placental mammals, in which are included bats, primates, colugos, and treeshrews. It was only used in linnaean classification +Archonta consists of these orders: + += = = Dendropsophus giesleri = = = +Giesler's tree frog ("Dendropsophus giesleri") is a frog that lives in Brazil. + += = = Loa, Utah = = = +Loa is a town in and the county seat of Wayne County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 516 people live in Loa. + += = = Bally, Pennsylvania = = = +Bally is a borough in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, 1,228 people live in Bally. + += = = La Montagne, Loire-Atlantique = = = +La Montagne is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Montbert = = = +Montbert is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Piotrków Trybunalski = = = +Piotrków Trybunalski is a city in Łódź Voivodeship in Poland. In 2019, 73,090 people lived there. + += = = Montoir-de-Bretagne = = = +Montoir-de-Bretagne is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Montrelais = = = +Montrelais is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Yousuf Shaaban (actor) = = = +Yousuf Shaaban Shemis (; 16 July 1931 – 28 February 2021) was an Egyptian actor. He was born in Shubra, Egypt. His career lasted from 1958 until 2017. He was known "There is a Man in our House", "Mother of the Bride" and "My Wife, the Director General". +Shaaban died of COVID-19 on 28 February 2021 in Giza, Egypt at the age of 89. + += = = Glenn Roeder = = = +Glenn Victor Roeder (13 December 1955 – 28 February 2021) was an English football manager and player. He was a player, Roeder represented England B on seven occasions. +Roeder was a defender. He played club football for Leyton Orient, Queens Park Rangers, Notts County, Newcastle United, Watford and Gillingham. +His managerial career included spells with Gillingham, Watford, West Ham United, Newcastle United and Norwich City. +Roeder died on 28 February 2021 from brain cancer, aged 65. + += = = Aqel Biltaji = = = +Aqel Biltaji (10 February 1941 – 28 February 2021) was a Jordanian politician. He was Mayor of Amman from 8 September 2013 until 20 August 2017. Biltaji was born in Gaza, Egypt. +Biltaji died of COVID-19 on 28 February 2021 in Amman, just two weeks after his 80th birthday. + += = = Spring Voices = = = +Spring Voices () is a 1955 Russian musical movie directed by Sergei Gurov and Eldar Ryazanov (who also co-star) and starring Vladimir Salnikov, Nadezhda Rumyantseva, Tigran Davydov. It was distributed by Mosfilm. + += = = Milan Bandić = = = +Milan Bandić (; 22 November 1955 – 28 February 2021) was a Croatian politician. He was Mayor of Zagreb from 2000 to 2002 and again from 2005 until his death in 2021. Bandić was born in Grude, PR Bosnia and Herzegovina. +In the 2009–10 election, Bandić unsuccessfully ran for President of Croatia. In 2014, he was arrested for corruption. He was released from prison in 2015. +Bandić died of a heart attack on 28 February 2021 in Zagreb at the age of 65. + += = = Sabah Abdul-Jalil = = = +Sabah Abdul-Jalil (1 July 1951 – 28 February 2021) was an Iraqi coach and football midfielder. He last coached Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya. He made 37 appearances for the national team from 1975 until 1979, scoring six goals. +Abdul-Jalil died on 28 February 2021 from COVID-19 in Baghdad, aged 69. + += = = Louis Nix = = = +Louis Anthony Nix III (July 31, 1991 – February 27, 2021) was an American professional football defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish. +Nix played for the Houston Texans, New York Giants, Washington Redskins and the Jacksonville Jaguars from 2014 until 2017. He called himself "Irish Chocolate." +Nix was reported missing on February 24, 2021. He was found dead three days later in Jacksonville, Florida at the age of 29. + += = = A Cruel Romance = = = +A Cruel Romance () is a 1984 Russian romantic drama movie directed by Eldar Ryazanov and is the second adaption of the 1878 play "Without a Dowry" by Alexander Ostrovsky. It stars Andrey Myagkov, Larisa Guzeyeva, Nikita Mikhalkov, Alisa Freindlich and distributed by Mosfilm. + += = = Linus Nirmal Gomes = = = +Linus Nirmal Gomes, S.J. (7 September 1921 – 27 February 2021) was an Indian Roman Catholic prelate. He was the first bishop of the newly created diocese of Baruipur from 1977 until his death. He retired in 1995. He became a priest in 1954. Gomes was appointed bishop to the Diocese of Baruipur on 30 May 1977 and ordained bishop on 19 November 1977. +Gomes died in Baruipur, West Bengal on 27 February 2021 at the age of 99. + += = = Dante Crippa = = = +Dante Crippa (10 March 1937 – 27 February 2021) was an Italian professional footballer. He played as a midfielder. +Crippa died on 27 February 2021 in Brescia, Italy at the age of 83. + += = = Juan Antonio Bolea Foradada = = = +Juan Antonio Bolea Foradada (30 March 1930 – 27 February 2021) was a Spanish politician. He was a Deputy from 1977 until 1979. He was the first president of Aragón from 1978 until 1981. He played a key role in the Spanish transition to democracy in that region. +Bolea Foradada died on 27 February 2021 from a heart attack, aged 90. + += = = Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati = = = +"Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati" (; "O Lord is Our God, Eswatini") is the national anthem of Eswatini. The lyrics were written by Andrease Enoke Fanyana Simelane and the music was composed by David Kenneth Rycroft. + += = = Janice Sarich = = = +Janice Sarich (April 26, 1958February 26, 2021) was a Canadian politician. She was a member of the Progressive Conservative. Sarich was born in Edmonton, Alberta. She was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 2008 until 2015. +Sarich died on February 26, 2021 from cancer in Edmonton, aged 62. + += = = Yves Ramousse = = = +Yves Ramousse (23 February 1928 – 25 February 2021) was a French Catholic bishop. He was a member of the Paris Foreign Missions Society (MEP) and Vicar Apostolic Emeritus of Phnom Penh in Cambodia from 2001 until his death. Ramousse was born in Sembadel, France. +Ramousse died on 25 February 2021 in Montauban, France from COVID-19, just three days after his 93rd birthday. + += = = Joel A. Pisano = = = +Joel A. Pisano (1949 – ) was an American politician and lawyer. He was the Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey from 1991 until 2000. He was nominated to the court by President Bill Clinton. Pisano was born in Orange, New Jersey. +Pisano died in February 2021 at the age of 71. + += = = Horacio Moráles = = = +Horacio Moráles (27 June 1943 – 26 February 2021) was an Argentine footballer. He played as a defender. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1964 Summer Olympics. +Moráles died on 26 February 2021 in Larissa, Greece at the age of 60. + += = = Aleksandr Klepikov = = = +Aleksandr Grigorevich Klepikov (, 23 May 1950 – 26 February 2021) was a Soviet rower. He competed for the Soviet Union in the 1976 Summer Olympics, winning a gold medal. Klepikov was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union. +Klepikov died on 26 February 2021 at the age of 70. + += = = Office Romance = = = +Office Romance () is a 1977 Russian comedy movie directed by Eldar Ryazanov and was based on the play "Co-Workers" by Ryazanov. It stars Andrey Myagkov, Alisa Freindlich, Oleg Basilashvili, Georgi Burkov, Pytor Shcherbakov and was distributed by Mosfilm. + += = = Rafi Levi = = = +Rafi Levi (22 February 1938 – 25 February 2021) was an Israeli footballer. He played most of his career in Maccabi Tel Aviv. Levi made 17 appearances in Israel national football team from 1958 until 1960. +Levi died on 25 February 2021 at the age of 83. + += = = Alexander Zhdanov = = = +Alexander Zhdanov (; 25 January 1951 – 21 February 2021) was a Russian actor. He was a Merited Artist of the Russian Federation in 1995. He was known for his roles in "The Wind of Travel", "Pugachev" and "Russian Symphony". +Zhdanov died on 21 February 2021 in Saint Petersburg, Russia at the age of 70. + += = = Lionel Jefferson = = = +Lionel Jefferson is a fictional character in the American situation comedy, "All in the Family" and it's spin-off "The Jeffersons". He is the son of George Jefferson and Louise Jefferson. Three actors play Lionel. D'Urville Martin plays Lionel in the two pilot episodes of "All in the Family" from the late 1960s but the episodes are not put on television. Mike Evans plays Lionel in "All in the Family" and the first season of "The Jeffersons". Damon Evans plays Lionel after Mike Evans left but Mike came back to play the character in 1979. + += = = Arthur Cook (sport shooter) = = = +Arthur Edwin "Art" Cook (March 19, 1928 – February 21, 2021) was an American sports shooter. He won a gold medal in the 50 metre rifle prone event at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London. + += = = Jimmy Lai = = = +Lai Chee-Ying (, born 8 December 1947), also known as Jimmy Lai, is a Hong Kong entrepreneur. He founded Giordano. He is one of the main supporters of the pro-democracy camp, especially to the Democratic Party. +Lai is also an art collector. + += = = Danielle Brooks = = = +Danielle Brooks (born September 17, 1989) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for her role as Tasha "Taystee" Jefferson on the Netflix original series "Orange Is the New Black". She is also the voice of Officer Pearle Watson on the HBO Max animated series, "Close Enough". + += = = Kimiko Glenn = = = +Kimiko Elizabeth Glenn (born June 27, 1989) is an American actress and singer. She is known for her role as Brook Soso in the Netflix series "Orange Is the New Black". She also voices Peni Parker in "", Stefani Stilton in "BoJack Horseman", Bridgette in "Close Enough", and Baby Shark in "Baby Shark's Big Show!" + += = = Jason Mantzoukas = = = +Jason Mantzoukas (, ; born December 18, 1972) is an American character actor, comedian, writer, and podcaster. He is best known for his role as Rafi in the FX comedy series "The League", and as one of the three co-hosts of the podcast "How Did This Get Made?". +He also voices the characters Jay Bilzerian in the Netflix animated series "Big Mouth", and Alex Dorpenberger in the HBO Max animated series "Close Enough". He is known for often playing "crazy, funny weirdos." + += = = Nahant, Massachusetts = = = +Nahant is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. 3,334 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Close Enough = = = +Close Enough is an American adult animated sitcom created by J. G. Quintel for HBO Max. +At first, the series was created for TBS in 2017, but was not shown. After the AT&T purchase of Time Warner, the show was put on hold. It was released exclusively to the HBO Max streaming service on July 9, 2020 to April 7, 2022. The series has received positive reviews. On August 6, 2020, the series was renewed for a second season which premiered on February 25, 2021. +On February 10, 2021, the series was renewed for a third season. +Premise. +The series revolves around a couple who are in their early thirties who have a five-year-old daughter and live with their divorced friends in a Los Angeles duplex. As they get into what seem like normal domestic crises that usually escalate in surreal, often science fiction-esque, ways. +Release. +The series was announced in May 2017, four months after Quintel's previous series, "Regular Show", concluded, and was originally planned to air on TBS, but it was delayed several times, and TBS's plans for the animation block to premiere it fell through when production on "The Cops" was shut down due to Louis C.K.’s admitted sexual misconduct. On October 29, 2019, it was announced that the series would instead make its home on HBO Max. The second half of the third episode was premiered at the Annecy International Animated Film Festival on June 15, 2020. On September 14, 2020, the series was broadcast internationally through Netflix and Adult Swim. The second season premiered on February 25, 2021 on HBO Max. The second season is scheduled to release on Netflix internationally on May 26, 2021. +Episodes. +Season 1 (2020). +The first season was originally set to run for ten episodes, but only 8 episodes were released when the series launched. + += = = Gabrielle Walsh = = = +Gabrielle Walsh (born May 10, 1989) is an American actress. She is best known for her roles as Marisol in the "" (2014), and as Jess in the science fiction thriller "The Hive" (2014). +Walsh has also appeared on many television series such as "Shameless", "The Vampire Diaries", and "". +In 2020, she began voicing Emily in "Close Enough", an adult animated comedy series on HBO Max. + += = = Louise Jefferson = = = +Louise Jefferson is a fictional character in the American situation comedy "All in the Family" and its spin-off "The Jeffersons". She is played by actress Isabel Sanford. Louise is the wife of George Jefferson. They have a son named Lionel. Louise and her family are neighbors with Archie Bunker and his family. She is good friends with Edith Bunker. She and her husband own a cleaning business and they move to the East Side of Manhattan where the sitcom "The Jeffersons" takes place. + += = = Ian North = = = +Ian North (March 24, 1952 – February 28, 2021) was an American musician, producer and painter. He was born in New York City. North was known for being part of the bohemian punk movement in United States. He was known for performing with the pop rock band Milk 'N' Cookies. +North died on February 28, 2021 from a heart attack in New York City, aged 68. + += = = José Guccione = = = +José Daniel Guccione (7 February 1952 – 26 February 2021) was an Argentine politician and physician. He was a Deputy from 2011 to 2015. He was born in Posadas, Argentina. Guccione was a member of the Front for the Renewal of Concord. +Guccione died on 26 February 2021 at a hospital in Posadas from problems caused by COVID-19, aged 69. + += = = Ron Silver = = = +Ronald Arthur Silver (July 2, 1946 – March 15, 2009) was an American actor, activist, director, producer, and radio host. He played Henry Kissinger, Alan Dershowitz and Angelo Dundee. He won a Tony in 1988 for Best Actor for "Speed-the-Plow". Silver was born in New York City. From 1991 to 2000, he was President of the Actors' Equity Association. +Silver died on March 15, 2009 in New York City from esophageal cancer, aged 62. + += = = Angelo Dundee = = = +Angelo Dundee (born Angelo Mirena; August 30, 1921February 1, 2012) was an American boxing trainer and cornerman. He was known for his work with Muhammad Ali (1960–1981). +He also worked with 15 other world boxing champions, including Sugar Ray Leonard, José Nápoles, George Foreman, George Scott, Jimmy Ellis, Carmen Basilio, Luis Manuel Rodríguez, and Willie Pastrano. + += = = Katherine Shindle = = = +Katherine Renee "Kate" Shindle (born January 31, 1977) is an American actress, singer, dancer, and AIDS activist. She is the President of the Actors' Equity Association. She was Miss America 1998 in 1998 and Miss Illinois in 1997. +In 2014, she wrote a memoir, "Being Miss America: Behind the Rhinestone Curtain," published by the University of Texas Press. + += = = Swiss Psalm = = = +"Swiss Psalm" (, ; , , literally "Swiss Song"; , ; , ) is the national anthem of Switzerland. +Lyrics. +The original lyrics were in German, but because Switzerland has four official languages, there are also lyrics in the three other official languages; French, Italian and Romansh. The anthem also has English translations. +Swiss German translation. +Below is a Swiss German translation of the Standard German lyrics above. + += = = DZTC = = = +DZTC (828 AM) Radyo Pilipino Tarlac is a radio station owned by Radio Corporation of the Philippines. + += = = On a Magical Night = = = +On a Magical Night () is a 2019 French Belgian Luxembourgian comedy movie directed by Christophe Honoré and starring Chiara Mastroianni, Vincent Lacoste, Benjamin Biolay, Camille Cottin, Carole Bouquet, Marie-Christine Adam. + += = = Rush Hour 3 = = = +Rush Hour 3 is a 2007 American action comedy movie directed by Brett Ratner. It was written by Jeff Nathanson, based on the characters created by Ross LaManna. Staring: Chris Tucker, Jackie Chan, Max van Sydow, Roman Polanski and Yvan Attal. The story follow Chief Inspector Lee (Chan) and Detective James Carter (Tucker), tracking an assassin to Paris to unravel a mystery about the Chinese triads. + += = = Rice People = = = +Rice People () is a 1994 Cambodian French Swiss German drama movie directed by Rithy Panh and was based on the 1966 novel "No Harvest But a Thorn" by Shahnon Ahmad. It stars Peng Phan, Mom Soth, Chhim Naline, Sophy Sodany. + += = = Crash Dive = = = +Crash Dive is a 1943 American World War II movie directed by Archie Mayo and starring Tyrone Power, Anne Baxter, Dana Andrews, James Gleason, Harry Morgan, Dame May Whitty. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and won an Academy Award in 1944. + += = = Light Years Away = = = +Light Years Away () is a 1981 Swiss French drama movie directed by Alain Tanner and starring Trevor Howard, Mick Ford, Bernice Stegers, Gerard Mannix Flynn, Henri Virlojeux, Joe Pilkington, Odile Schmitt. + += = = Cerro Cora = = = +Cerro Cora is a 1978 Paraguayan war movie directed by Guillermo Vera and was based on the last days of the Paraguayan War. It stars Roberto De Felice and Rosa Ros. + += = = Nicole Johnson = = = +Nicole Johnson (born January 9, 1974) is an American beauty queen, author, public health professional and activist. She was crowned Miss America 1999 in September 1998. Before that, she was Miss Virginia 1998. She was the first Miss America with diabetes. She was also the first contestant to publicize the use of an insulin pump. +Johnson works for diabetes treatment, research and education. She was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in 1993. +Johnson also appeared in several television shows and movies. +Johnson was born in St. Petersburg, Florida + += = = Erika Harold = = = +Erika Natalie Louise Harold (born February 20, 1980) is an American beauty queen, politician, lawyer and former Miss America. She was Miss America 2003. Before that she was Miss Illinois 2002. +Harold's pageant platform was against bullying. In 2014, she was a candidate in the Republican primary for the 13th Congressional District Seat in the State of Illinois. She lost the nomination to the incumbent Rodney Davis. +Harold was born in Urbana, Illinois. + += = = Sunset (color) = = = +Sunset is a pale tone of orange. It is similar to the color of clouds when the sunlight from a sunset is reflected from them. +Other tones. +Sunray. +Sunray is a darker tone of sunset. +Sunset orange. +Sunset orange is pinkish. + += = = Gallic Wars = = = +The Gallic Wars were military campaigns waged by the Roman proconsul Julius Caesar against tribes in Gaul between 58 BC and 50 BC. The wars gave Rome rich farmlands in Gaul (roughly France and Belgium up to the Rhine). +Caesar's sub-commanders included Mark Antony, Titus Labienus, Quintus Tullius Cicero (brother of Marcus Tullius Cicero), Publius Licinius Crassus (brother of Marcus Licinus Crassus, the richest man in Rome), Decimus Brutus Albinus and Servius Sulpicius Galba (praetor 54 BC). +Julius Caesar described the Gallic Wars in his book "Commentarii de Bello Gallico". This is the main source, but it makes impossible claims about the number of Gauls killed (over a million), while claiming few Roman casualties. Modern historians believe that Gallic forces were far smaller than Caesar claimed, and that they (the Romans) suffered tens of thousands of casualties. One of the leaders of the Gauls, Vercingetorix, was taken to Rome, and later executed. +The main contemporary source for the conflict is Julius Caesar's "Commentarii de Bello Gallico". This was thought to be truthful and accurate until the 20th century. Even in 1908, Camille Jullian wrote a comprehensive history of Gaul and took Caesar's account as absolutely true. But after World War II, historians began to question if Caesar's claims stood up. +Modern estimates are that at the battle of Alesia, in 52 BC, there were about 70,000 Gauls, and the same number of Roman troops. That is still a very large number, in a world with far fewer people than is the case today. + += = = Abeliophyllum = = = +Abeliophyllum is a botanical genus that is in the family Oleaceae. +Species. +The main species of the "Abeliophyllum" are: + += = = Acalypha = = = +Acalypha is a botanical genus that is from the family Euphorbiaceae. + += = = Acanthophoenix = = = +Acanthophoenix is a botanical genus that is from the family Arecaceae. +Species. +Three species are recognized: + += = = Dievs, svētī Latviju! = = = +"God Bless Latvia" is the national anthem of Latvia. The words of the song was written in 1873 by a Latvian composer named Kārlis Baumanis. The tune, which he had also composed himself, is similar to that of British anthem "God Save the King". It became the national anthem of the Baltic country in 1920. + += = = Acantholimon = = = +Acantholimon is a botanical genus that is from the family Plumbaginaceae. +Species. +It have between 150 to 200 species including: + += = = Saint Vincent, Land so Beautiful = = = +"Saint Vincent, Land so Beautiful" is the national anthem of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. + += = = Acanthus (plant) = = = +Acanthus according to the APG II System, is a botanical genus that is from the family "Acanthaceae" . + += = = Michelle Hinchey = = = +Michelle Hinchey (born November 3, 1987) is an American politician. She is a Democrat from New York State. +In the 2020 New York State Senate election, Hinchey won with a margin of 51-49%. She took the office in January 2021. +Hinchey was born in Saugerties, New York. Her father was U.S. Representative Maurice Hinchey. +After Congressman Antonio Delgado was picked as lieutenant governor of New York in May 2022, Hinchey was mentioned as a possible candidate in a special election to fill his vacant House seat. + += = = Nauru Bwiema = = = +"Nauru Bwiema" (; "Nauru, Our Homeland") is the national anthem of Nauru. +Lyrics. +The lyrics are in the Nauruan language. + += = = Abutilon = = = +Abutilon is a scientific group of plants. It a genus the family Malvaceae. "Abutilon" has about 150 species of evergreen plants in it. The genus includes plants that die every year plants that grow back every year, shrubs, and trees of approximately 1 to 10 meters. They grow in the tropical and subtropical areas of all continents. +Appearance. +The Abutilon flowers have five petals that can be red, pink, orange, yellow and white, sometimes called princess earrings. Some shrub representatives provide textile fibers. + += = = Zurab Japaridze = = = +Zurab Girchi Japaridze (; born 1 January 1976) is a co-founder of a Libertarian party called Girchi. On 26 December 2020, he founded a new party called Girchi - More Freedom. He is a member of the Parliament of Georgia. + += = = Bailey's tree frog = = = +Bailey's tree frog ("Dendropsophus werneri") is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have seen it as high as 800 meters above sea level. +The adult male frog is 18 to 20 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 22 to 23 mm long. The eyes stick out from the head. The nose is round. This frog has vomerine teeth in its jaw. All four feet are webbed. They have discs on their toes for climbing, but they do not climb very high into the trees. +This frog lives near water, for example places that have been flooded. This frog can live near farms that human beings have left. The female lays eggs on top of the water, near plants. + += = = State Anthem of Uzbekistan = = = +The "State Anthem of the Republic of Uzbekistan" () is the national anthem of Uzbekistan. + += = = All Hail, Liberia, Hail! = = = +"All Hail, Liberia, Hail!" is the national anthem of Liberia. + += = = Quantum healing = = = +Quantum healing is a pseudo-scientific mixture of ideas which claim to draw on quantum mechanics, psychology, philosophy, and neurophysiology. Advocates of quantum healing say that quantum phenomena govern health and wellbeing. Quantum healing is a form of alternative medicine. +Deepak Chopra coined the term "quantum healing" when he published the first edition of his book with that title in 1989. His discussions of quantum healing have been characterised as technobabble - "incoherent babbling strewn with scientific terms" which drives those who actually understand physics "crazy" and as "redefining Wrong". + += = = Hell Comes to Quahog = = = +"Hell Comes to Quahog" is the 3rd episode of Family Guys 5th season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on September 24, 2006. The episode is about Meg Griffin getting a job at a superstore. +It was written by Kirker Butler. Dan Povenmire is the director of the episode. About 9.66 million people watched the episode when it was first broadcast. +Story. +Peter, Cleveland, Joe, and Quagmire go roller skating at a roller rink. They forget to get Meg from the rink. Meg wants the family to get her a car. They go to a car dealership to get her one. Meg sees a sedan and wants to get it. However, Peter is tricked into buying a tank. Peter uses the tank for himself. He later teaches Meg how to use it. Joe impounds the tank when he gets hurt by it. Meg gets a job at a superstore so that she can get the money to buy her own car. The superstore makes other shops in the town go bankrupt. +Peter loses his job at a brewery because the superstore makes better beer. Their town also gets a big heat wave. The superstore takes all of the energy used for the town's air conditioners. Peter wants to protest, but the superstore's air conditioning makes him feel better. He gets a job at the superstore with Meg. Meg gets a promotion as the assistant manager. She is told to fire Peter. Meg does not want to and stops working for the superstore. Brian and Stewie use Meg's tank to destroy the superstore. When the superstore gets destroyed, Peter gets his job at the brewery back and their air conditioning works again. +Production. +"Hell Comes to Quahog" was written by Kirker Butler. Dan Povenmire is the director of the episode. Many parts of the episode were not shown on television for being too violent or offensive. One of these parts was a disabled child petting Brian too rough. Brian bites the child. Another part shows a man watching the movie "Madagascar" while driving a car. The man says "Dude, those animals are so fucking funny". +The episode was put on a DVD with other episodes from the 5th season on September 18, 2007. Dave Boat, Carrie Fisher, Phil LaMarr, Rachael MacFarlane, Fred Tatasciore, Lori Alan, Alex Breckenridge, Johnny Brennan, Ralph Garman, Danny Smith, Alec Sulkin, and John Viener give their voices to many characters in the episode. +Reception. +About 9.66 million people watched the episode when it was first broadcast. +Dan Iverson of IGN said that the episode has a funny start and a nice ending. He thought that the jokes were very funny and thought that the 5th season would make "Family Guy" as great as how the show started. Brett Love from TV Squad thought that the episode was better than the 5th season's first two episodes ("Stewie Loves Lois" and "Mother Tucker"). However, Love thought that the episode was too similar to the "South Park" episode "Something Wall-Mart This Way Comes". Love did not like how Peter was shown to be "retarded" after getting the job at the superstore, saying "Sometimes it plays really funny, and sometimes it just gets annoying." + += = = Christopher Polhem = = = +Christopher Polhammar (18 December 1661 – 30 August 1751), better known as Christopher Polhem, which he took after his ennoblement in 1716, was a Swedish scientist, inventor, and industrialist. He made large contributions to the economic and industrial development of Sweden, mainly mining. He was ennobled by King Charles XII of Sweden for his contributions to the development of Swedish technology. + += = = Alan Bowness = = = +Sir Alan Bowness CBE (11 January 1928 – 1 March 2021) was a British art historian, art critic and museum director. He was the director of the Tate Gallery between 1980 and 1988. Bowness was born in Finchley, Middlesex. +Bowness died on 1 March 2021 at his home in London, aged 93. + += = = Emmanuel Félémou = = = +Emmanuel Félémou (24 December 1960 – 1 March 2021) was a Guinean prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was born in Kolouma, Guinea. Félémou became a priest in 1989. He was appointed bishop of Kankan in 2007. +On 1 March 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea, Félémou died in Conakry due to COVID-19. + += = = Pietro Larizza = = = +Pietro Larizza (July 21, 1935 – March 1, 2021) was an Italian politician and trade unionist. Larizza was born in Reggio Calabria, Italy. He was the general secretary of the Italian Labour Union (UIL) from February 1992 to 2000. Larizza was also a member of the Italian Senate from 2007 until 2008. +Larizza died on March 1, 2021 at the age of 85. + += = = Andrea Nannini = = = +Andrea Nannini (12 December 1944 – 1 March 2021) was an Italian volleyball player. He was part of the Italian teams that won the 1970 Summer Universiade and finished in eighth place at the 1976 Summer Olympics. Nannini was born in Modena, Italy. +Nannini died on 1 March 2021, aged 76. + += = = Enrique San Francisco = = = +Rogelio Enrique San Francisco Cobo, better known as Quique San Francisco (10 March 1955 – 1 March 2021) was a Spanish actor and comedian. He was born in Madrid. +His career began in the 1960s. In 1965, he started his television career with Televisión Española 's show "Santi, botones de hotel". San Francisco's best known movie works were "Colegas" (1982), "Navajeros" (1980) and "El pico" (1983). +San Francisco died on 1 March 2021 at a Madrid hospital from sepsis caused by pneumonia, aged 65. + += = = Anatoliy Zlenko = = = +Anatoliy Maksymovych Zlenko (June 2, 1938 – March 1, 2021) was a Ukrainian politician. He was Ukraine's first Foreign Minister. from 1990 to 1994 and again from 2000 to 2003. Zlenko was the Permanent Representative of Ukraine to the United Nations from 1994 to 1997. He was born in Stavyshche, Kyiv Oblast. +Zlenko died on March 1, 2021 in Kyiv, Ukraine at the age of 82. + += = = Li Zhaoxing = = = +Li Zhaoxing (; born 20 October 1940) is a Chinese politician. He was the Foreign Minister of the People's Republic of China from 2003 to 2007. Li was born in Jiaonan, Qingdao, Shandong. He was a member of the Communist Party of China. He was appointed as one of the Elders but chose not to continue with the role. + += = = Ela Bhatt = = = +Ela Ramesh Bhatt (born 7 September 1933 - 2 November 2022), is an Indian activist and lawyer. She founded the Self-Employed Women's Association of India (SEWA) in 1972. She was its general secretary from 1972 to 1996. +She is the current Chancellor of the Gujarat Vidyapith. She has won the Ramon Magsaysay Award (1977), Right Livelihood Award (1984) for "helping home-based producers to organise for their welfare and self-respect" and the Padma Bhushan (1986). + += = = Kevin Feige = = = +Kevin Feige ( ; born June 2, 1973) is an American movie producer and television producer. He became president of Marvel Studios in 2007. He is known for producing and creating many of the Marvel Cinematic Universe movies and television shows. + += = = Walt Disney Studios (division) = = = +The Walt Disney Studios is an American movie and entertainment studio. It is one of the four business segments of The Walt Disney Company. It is based in Burbank, California. It was founded in 1923 and is the fourth-oldest and one of the "Big Five" major movie studios. + += = = Karl Schiewerling = = = +Karl Schiewerling (18 May 1951 – 28 February 2021) was a German politician. He was born in Essen, Germany. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany. He was a member of the German Bundestag from 2005 to 2017. +Schiewerling died at his home in Nottuln, Germany on 28 February 2021 from problems caused by cancer, aged 69. + += = = Roger Kibbe = = = +Roger Reece Kibbe (May 21, 1939 – February 28, 2021) was an American serial killer and rapist. He was known as the "I-5 Strangler". And The Original Golden State Killer. +Kibbe found all but one of his victims on the freeways around Sacramento, California. On May 10, 1991, Kibbe was sentenced to 25 years to life imprisonment for the murder of Darcie Frackenpohl and, at least initially, to serve his time at Pleasant Valley State Prison. +Kibbe was murdered by an inmate on February 28, 2021 in Mule Creek State Prison in Ione, California at the age of 81. His death is being investigated as a homicide. + += = = Ione, California = = = +Ione ( ) is a city in Amador County, California. At the 2020 census, 5,141 people lived in Ione. + += = = Mike Bradner = = = +Mike Bradner (March 3, 1937 – February 26, 2021) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the Alaska House of Representatives from 1967 to 1977. He was Speaker of the Alaska House of Representatives from 1975 to 1977. Bradner was born in Washington, D.C. +Bradner died of COVID-19 on February 26, 2021, in Anchorage, Alaska at age 83. + += = = Philip Ray Martinez = = = +Philip Ray Martinez (July 13, 1957 – February 26, 2021) was an American politician and lawyer. He was a Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas from 2002 until his death in 2021. Martinez was nominated to the court by President George W. Bush. He was born in El Paso, Texas. +Martinez died on February 26, 2021 in El Paso from a heart attack, aged 63. + += = = Patrick Hoguet = = = +Patrick Hoguet (23 May 1940 – 27 February 2021) was a French politician. He was born in Montmirail, France. He was a member of the Union for French Democracy. Hoguet was a member of the National Assembly of France between 1993 until 1997 and again from 2002 until 2003. +Hoguet died on 27 February 2021 at the age of 80. + += = = Ferdinand Vega = = = +Ferdinand Vega (30 April 1936 – 26 February 2021) was a Puerto Rican archer. He competed in the men's individual event at the 1972 Summer Olympics. Vega was a Command Chief Master Sergeant in the Puerto Rico Air National Guard. He was born in Santurce, Puerto Rico. +Vega died on 26 February 2021 at the age of 84. + += = = New York's 15th congressional district = = = +New York's 15th congressional district is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York City, New York. Democrat Ritchie Torres has been the representative since 2021. +Redistricting. +The 15th district used to be a Brooklyn-based seat but now it is the Bronx's main district. +List of members representing the district. +1803 – 1823: One seat, then two seats. +From 1813 to 1823, 15th district got two seats in the House, elected at-large on a general ticket. +Recent election results. +Member of the U.S. House of Representatives. +In New York State politics, there are a few minor parties who have different political opinions. Some parties will endorse the Republican or Democratic candidate. + += = = Antoine Pfeiffer = = = +Antoine Pfeiffer (27 February 1940 – 25 February 2021) was a French reformist pastor. He served as President of the Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine from 1988 to 2000 and was a member of the . +Pfeiffer died in Strasbourg, France on 25 February 2021, two days before his 81st birthday. + += = = Archibald Mogwe = = = +Archibald Mogwe (29 August 1921 – 25 February 2021) was a Botswana politician. From 1974 until 1984, he was the Minister of Foreign Affairs. From 1985 until 1994, he was Minister of Mineral Resources and Water Affairs. He was born in Kanye, Botswana. +Mogwe died on 25 February 2021 at the age of 99. + += = = Walter Savitch = = = +Walter John Savitch (February 21, 1943 – February 1, 2021) was an American computer scientist. He was best known for defining the NL (nondeterministic logarithmic space) and for Savitch's theorem. He was a professor at the University of California, San Diego. +Savitch died on February 1, 2021 in San Diego, California from problems caused by Parkinson's disease, aged 77. + += = = František Šedivý = = = +František Šedivý (2 July 1927 – 23 February 2021) was a Czech writer and former political prisoner. He served as vice president of the Confederation of Political Prisoners. +Education. +František Šedivý studied at the high school, from which he was expelled during the Heydrichiad in 1942 and in 1944 he worked in the Junkers factory. At that time, as a liaison, he actively participated in the anti-Nazi resistance. After the communist coup in February 1948, he became involved in the fight against the then regime by publishing and distributing leaflets, organizing illegal groups and helping to flee abroad. As a smuggler, he twice successfully transferred groups of refugees across the borders in Šumava. At university, he organized a group that was preparing for the soon-to-fall fall of the ruling regime. In early fifties of the 20th century , he managed to reveal an agent provocateur Golda . As a result, he was arrested in 1952 and at the age of 25 in the trial of Šedivý et al. (was identified as the leader of the group) sentenced to 14 years in prison for the crime of high treason and espionage. He was imprisoned on Mírov and spent many years in uranium mines in Jáchymov, at the central camp, the camp C , the camp L (the so-called Tower of Death) and in Pribram Bytiz and Vojna . He was released on parole in February 1964. After 1989, he became involved in the Confederation of Political Prisoners , where he held the position of First Vice-President. He was also the chairman of the Club dr. Milady Horáková and was also a member of the international PEN club and the author of several books. +Honours. +On the occasion of the national holiday of the Day of the Establishment of the Independent Czechoslovak State, he received the Order of Tomáš Garrigu Masaryk II from the hands of the President of the Republic Václav Klaus on 28 October 2009 . outstanding achievements for the development of democracy and human rights. On Saturday, 31 May 2008, he was granted honorary citizenship of the municipality of Zadní Třebaň. On May 7, 2010, he was granted honorary citizenship of the town of Řevnice. + += = = Southern Bavarian = = = +Southern Bavarian or Southern Austro-Bavarian () is a variety of the original Austro-Bavarian language. It is mostly spoken in Austria (Tyrol, Carinthia, and Upper Styria) and Italy (South Tyrol). There are subvariants of Southern Bavarian. Gottscheerish and Cimbrian are all Southern Bavarian dialects. +The Tyrolean dialect is spoken in North Tyrol, East Tyrol, and South Tyrol. The Tyrolean dialect is close to the dialect spoken in Ostallgäu. The Carinthian dialect is spoken in Carinthia. The Carinthian dialect has a lot of Slavic similarities and spelling. The examples of Carinthian: the High German "a" often becomes "ò" instead of "å" and "Ei" becomes "à" ("Dòs wàss i nit"; High German: "Das weiss ich nicht"). + += = = The Book of Joe = = = +"The Book of Joe" is the 2nd episode of Family Guys 13th season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on October 5, 2014. In the episode, Peter Griffin helps his friend Joe Swanson publish a book that Joe wrote. Peter then acts as the writer of the book. Brian starts exercising to make himself look good to a female runner. +About 3.63 million people watched the episode when it was first broadcast. Narshima Chintaluri from "TV Fanatic" thought that the episode was "enjoyable" becase of how the characters' personalities are shown in the episode. + += = = Matea Bolívar = = = +Matea Bolívar (1773-1886) was a slave owned by the family of Simón Bolívar. She was born to parents who were also the Bolívars' slaves. When she was 9, their owners forced her to leave her parents and start working on their plantation in San Mateo. Soon after Simón Bolívar was born, it became her job to raise and teach him. Today, she is considered a national heroine in Venezuela. However, she is usually celebrated as a mammy figure. + += = = Motherland (anthem) = = = +"Motherland" is the national anthem of Mauritius. It became the country's national anthem in 1968, when it became independent from the United Kingdom. The song's music was composed by a composer named Joseph Philippe Gentil, and the words of the song were written by a poet named Jean-Georges Prosper. It was created for a competition, and this song won that competition. +Lyrics. +Like in the United States, there is no official language on the island country of Mauritius. The official lyrics for this song is in English. However, there are many languages spoken in Mauritius, because the country's residents are made of primarily of people from other parts of the world. The most commonly spoken languages spoken there are French, English, Creole, as well as Indian languages. + += = = DZYA-AM = = = +DZYA (1476 AM) Radio Pilipino Angeles is a Kapampangan language-radio station owned by Radio Corporation of the Philippines. + += = = Mamoru Morimoto = = = + was a Japanese former middle distance runner. He competed in the 1964 Summer Olympics. +Morimoto died on 28 February 2021, aged 81. + += = = Nandkumar Singh Chauhan = = = +Nand Kumar Singh Chauhan (8 September 1952 – 2 March 2021) was an Indian politician. He was born in Burhanpur, Madhya Pradesh. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Chauhan was a member of the Lok Sabha from 1996 until 2009 and again from 2014 until his death. +Chauhan died on 2 March 2021 at a New Delhi hospital from COVID-19, aged 68. + += = = Tiago Dantas = = = +Tiago Filipe Oliveira Dantas (born 24 December 2000) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for Eredivisie club AZ Alkmaar, on loan from Primeira Liga club Benfica, as a midfielder. +Honours. +Benfica +Bayern Munich + += = = Bernard Guyot = = = +Bernard Guyot (19 November 1945 – 1 March 2021) was a French road cyclist. He competed in the individual road race at the 1964 Summer Olympics. Guyot was born in Savigny-sur-Orge, France. +Guyot died on 1 March 2021 at the age of 75. + += = = Eileen Anderson = = = +Eileen Anderson (October 18, 1928 – November 3, 2021) was an American politician. She was Mayor of Honolulu, Hawaii from 1981 to 1985. She was the first woman to hold the office. + += = = Frank Fasi = = = +Frank Francis Fasi (August 27, 1920 – February 3, 2010) was an American politician. He was the longest serving Mayor of Honolulu, Hawaii. He was mayor for 22 years. He also was a territorial senator and member of the Honolulu City Council. +Fasi died on February 2010 in Honolulu at the age 89. + += = = Kirk Caldwell = = = +Kirk William Caldwell (born September 4, 1952) is an American politician. He was the mayor of Honolulu, Hawaii from 2013 to 2021. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He unsuccessfully ran for Governor of Hawaii in 2022. + += = = Rick Blangiardi = = = +Rick Blangiardi (born September 15, 1946) is an American television executive and politician. He became mayor of Honolulu in 2021. He is politically Independent. + += = = Dana Ivey = = = +Dana Robins Ivey (born August 12, 1941) is an American actress. In 1997, she won a Drama Desk Award. +Her best known movie roles were in "The Color Purple" (1985), "Dirty Rotten Scoundrels" (1988), "The Addams Family" (1991), "" (1992), "Two Weeks Notice" (2002), "Rush Hour 3" (2007), and "The Help" (2011). + += = = United National Movement (Georgia) = = = +United National Movement (, "Ertiani Natsionaluri Modzraoba", ENM) is a political party in Georgia founded by Mikheil Saakashvili which rose to power following the Rose Revolution. Was rulling party from 2004 to 2012. + += = = Michael Gudinski = = = +Michael Solomon Gudinski AM (22 August 1952 – 2 March 2021) was an Australian businessman. Gudinski was mostly known for forming the record company Mushroom Records in 1972. Gudinski was born in Caulfield, a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria. +Gudinski died in his sleep while at home in Melbourne from a heart attack on 2 March 2021, aged 68. + += = = Born American = = = +Born American (Finnish: Jäätävä polte; also known as Arctic Heat) is a 1986 Finnish American action movie directed by first time director Renny Harlin and starring Mike Norris, David Coburn, Piita Vuosalmi, Vesa Vierikko, Thalmus Rasulala, Albert Salmi. + += = = Heaven Can Wait (1943 movie) = = = +Heaven Can Wait is a 1943 American fantasy comedy movie directed by Ernst Lubitsch and was based on the 1934 play "Birthday" by Leslie Bush-Fekete. It stars Don Ameche, Gene Tierney, Charles Coburn, Marjorie Main, Laird Cregar, Spring Byington, Aubrey Mather, Allyn Joseph, Tod Andrews and was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1944. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. The film made $1,286,200 in funds. + += = = Happy Land (movie) = = = +Happy Land is a 1943 American World War II drama movie directed by Irving Pichel and was based on the 1943 novel of the same name by MacKinlay Kantor. It stars Don Ameche, Harry Carey, Frances Dee, Ann Rutherford, Richard Crane, Cara Williams, Harry Morgan, Minor Watson, Walter Baldwin, Oscar O'Shea, Mary Wickes and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Himno Nacional de Honduras = = = +The "Himno Nacional de Honduras" ("National Anthem of Honduras") is the national anthem of Honduras. + += = = Ivan Perišić = = = +Ivan Perišić (born 2 February 1989) is a Croatian footballer. He currently plays for Inter Milan and the Croatian national team. He has also played beach volleyball at the 2017 FIVB Beach Volleyball World Tour. +Honours. +Club. +Borussia Dortmund +VfL Wolfsburg +Bayern Munich + += = = Ivan Rakitić = = = +Ivan Rakitić (born 10 March 1988) is a Croatian footballer. He plays for Al-Shabab. He has played for the Croatian national team. +Honours. +Basel +Sevilla +Barcelona +Croatia +Individual +Orders + += = = Rio Uapes tree frog = = = +The Rio Uaupes tree frog ("Dendropsophus tintinnabulum") is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have only seen it in the District of Cucuí, Amazonas. + += = = Georgia's 14th congressional district = = = +Georgia's 14th congressional district was created after the 2010 Census, when Georgia gained a 14th seat in the U.S. House of Representatives. Republican Marjorie Taylor Greene has been the representative since 2021. +The district is in Northwest Georgia. +No Democrat has ever got more than 30% of the vote. +List of representatives. +The district was made from some of the old 9th and 11th districts after the 112th Congress, based on the 2010 census. + += = = Hristo Bonev = = = +Hristo Atanasov Bonev (Bulgarian: ������ A������� �����; born 3 February 1947), also known as Zuma (Bulgarian: ����), is a former Bulgarian footballer. He last managed Lokomotiv Plovdiv in the Bulgarian A PFG. +He was capped 96 times by Bulgaria bwtewwn 1967 and 1979, where he scored 48 goals. He played at the 1970 and 1974 FIFA World Cups. He mostly played for Lokomotiv Plovdiv, but he also played for CSKA Sofia and AEK Athens. In 1982, he came out of retirement to play for Oxford United in 1982. +After his retirement, he became a manager for Lokomotiv Plovdiv. He would also manage Panathinaikos, AEL Larissa, Ionikos, APOEL, the Bulgarian national team, Lokomotiv Sofia, and Sachsen Leipzig. + += = = Cancer (astrology) = = = +Cancer is the fourth astrological sign in the Zodiac that represents the constellation of Cancer. The Moon is the patron planet of people which were born from June 22 to July 22. +Astrology. +In astrology Cancer is ruled by the Moon. +Cancer famous people. +Simra - just awesome +Julius Caesar - roman dictator +Henry VIII +Rembrandt +Ernest Hemingway +Nikola Tesla +Nelson Mandela - South African 1st president and activist +Ingmar Bergman +Harrison Ford +Tom Cruise +Liv Tyler +Eva Green +Ariana Grande + += = = Virgo (astrology) = = = +Virgo is an astrological sign. It is an earth sign. Virgo represented by the goddess of wheat and agriculture. This shows Virgo's deep-rooted presence in the material world. Virgos are said to be logical, practical, and systematic in how they see life. Virgos are often the most successful people in the world. + += = = Latin-1 Supplement = = = +Latin-1 Supplement is a Unicode block. It has 128 characters. The characters in the block are control characters, punctuation, and letters with diacritics. All of the characters were added in the first version of Unicode. This block was named Latin1 in the first version. + += = = Balustrade = = = +A balustrade is an object made up of several balusters, usually around a balcony or other high place, usually to make sure that nobody falls off of it. + += = = Encyclopedia Griffin = = = +"Encyclopedia Griffin" is the 11th episode of "Family Guy"s 13th season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on February 15, 2015. In the episode, Peter Griffin and his friends start a detective agency. They learn that Chris is stealing things to make a doll. Lois sees Chris and his doll as a way to make her marriage with Peter better. +The episode was written by Lew Morton. Jerry Langford is the director of the episode. About 2.51 million people watched the episode when it was first broadcast. Narshimha Chintaluri from "TV Fanatic" thought that the story sounded funny, but the episode was not very interesting. The Parents Television Council hated the episode and called it the "Worst of the Week" because it put children in sexual themes. + += = = Sheldon Cooper = = = +Sheldon Lee Cooper Ph.d, Sc.d is a fictional character in the American comedy sitcom "The Big Bang Theory", played by Jim Parsons, and the "Young Sheldon" series, played by Iain Armitage. Sheldon is known for his intelligence, and his childish behaviour and manners. +Background in The Big Bang Theory. +Sheldon says he went to College when he was 11. That he graduated when he was 14 and that he got his Phd when he was 16. Sheldon moved to California to prove String theory at Caltech. Sheldon let Leonard Hofstadter become his roommate since he didn’t have enough money to pay for it himself. +Sheldon says that he was bullied a lot when he was a kid and that he got swirlies all the time, even in Church. Sheldon tells Leonard “it wasn’t my first pantsing, it won’t be the last”. Sheldon also says that when he was nine years old and in High school, people threw eggs at his head. Sheldon says that his brother and sister both bullied him with “wedgies, swirlies, pantsings, and the classic why are you hitting yourself.” He also says his neighbours bullied with chickens and that other kids hit him in the head with books. +Personality. +Sheldon always wants everything done his way, he always tells everyone else that he’s smarter than they are and he has his friends all sign contracts to figure out how they can be friends. Sheldon also makes sure to have a schedule for everything and labels everything he owns. Sheldon also wants everything to be clean and organized. Sheldon loves Star Trek, Star Wars, Doctor Who, DC Comics and Marvel Comics but he hates Babylon 5. Sheldon has a list of people he hates called his enemies list. It’s said that Sheldon doesn’t understand when he’s being a jerk because “the part of his brain that should know is getting a wedgie from the rest of his brain.” Whenever people think Sheldon has a Mental illness, he says “I’m not crazy, my mother had me tested.” +Autism controversy. +A lot of people in the real world think that Sheldon has Asperger syndrome but some people think he doesn’t. Bill Prady and Chuck Lore have said he doesn’t. Jim Parsons said that he didn’t think Sheldon was Autistic when he started playing him but after reading John Elder Robison’s book about having Asperger’s, Parsons thinks Sheldon is Autistic. When Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson asked Dr. Mayim Bialik if Sheldon were Autistic she said “the show doesn’t pathologize its characters”. +Relationships. +When Dr. Ramona Norwitzki meets Sheldon she falls in love with him. He works with her, that surprises everyone because they thought Sheldon was Asexual. When Norwitzki wants Sheldon to put her name on a paper he wrote, Sheldon tells her to go away. +When Howard Wolowitz and Raj Koothrappali want to know if Online dating works, they decide to try to find a girlfriend for Sheldon. They find Amy Farrah Fowler. +Sheldon and Amy are just friends until Amy starts dating Sheldon’s friend Stuart and Sheldon gets jealous. So Sheldon asks Amy to be his girlfriend. +Amy breaks up with Sheldon after she thinks he’s more interested in The Flash than in her. Sheldon gets back together with Amy after realizing how much he loves her because of a Beach Boys song. As his Birthday present to her, Sheldon has sex with Amy for the first time. After Dr. Norwitzki comes back, Sheldon asks Amy to marry him and she says yes. They have Mark Hamill do the wedding ceremony for them. +Nobel Prize. +In the last episode, Sheldon and Amy win the Nobel Prize in Physics for an idea called Super Asymmetry. Sheldon gives a speech thanking his friends for how supportive they are of him. +Young Sheldon. +Sheldon’s the main character in Young Sheldon. He’s played by Iain Armitage. Some of the stories in Young Sheldon are very different from how Sheldon told them in The Big Bang Theory. + += = = Menander = = = +Menander (; "Menandros"; c. 342/41 – c. 290 BC) was a Greek dramatist. He is the best-known of Athenian "New Comedy". +He wrote 108 comedies. He took the prize at the Lenaia festival eight times. His record at the Dionysia is unknown. +Although he was one of the most popular writers of antiquity, his work was lost during the Middle Ages. It is known now in fragments, many of which were discovered in the 20th century. Only one play, "Dyskolos", has survived almost entirely. + += = = Maude Findlay = = = +Maude Findlay was a fictional character in her own American situation comedy Maude. She was also in two episodes of "All in the Family". Maude is played by actress Bea Arthur. Maude is the cousin of Edith Bunker who is the wife of Archie Bunker. She and Archie Bunker do not like each other and she is one of Archie's antagonists. Maude moves to Upstate New York where "Maude" takes place. In the show she had an abortion which was very controversial and the show almost ended because of it. + += = = Dixiecrat = = = +The Dixiecrat (also called The States' Rights Democratic Party) was a political party in the United States that was around for a very short time. The Dixiecrats did not agree with civil rights and wanted more states' rights. They were in the Southern United States. In 1948 they left the Democratic Party and formed their party. They met in Birmingham, Alabama and nominated Governor of South Carolina Strom Thurmond for 1948 United States presidential election. In the election they won the U.S states of South Carolina, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Alabama with 39 electoral votes and over 1,000,000 popular votes. The party ended shortly after. + += = = Vernon Jordan = = = +Vernon Eulion Jordan Jr. (August 15, 1935 – March 1, 2021) was an American businessman and civil rights activist. He worked for many Civil Rights Movement organizations. He was a presidential adviser to President Bill Clinton. +Jordan died at his home in Washington, D.C. on March 1, 2021 at the age of 85. + += = = Mikhail Studenetsky = = = +Mikhail Vladimirovich Studenetsky (; 6 March 1934– 1 March 2021) was a Soviet basketball player. He was a point guard of the Soviet team between 1954 and 1959. He won a silver medal at the 1956 Summer Olympics, He was born in Moscow. +Studenetsky died on 1 March 2021 in Moscow, aged 86. + += = = Chris Barber = = = +Donald Christopher Barber OBE (17 April 1930 – 2 March 2021) was an English jazz musician. He was best known as a bandleader and trombonist. His best known recording was "Petite Fleur" in 1958. +Barber died on 2 March, 2021 from problems caused by dementia, aged 90. + += = = 2016–17 La Liga = = = +The 2016–17 La Liga season was the 86th season of La Liga. It was also known as LaLiga Santander for sponsorship reasons. The season began on 19 August 2016 and ended on 21 May 2017. +Real Madrid won the title after their victory against Málaga on the final matchday. This win gave Them their record 33rd title, and their first since the 2011–12 season. They also became only the second side, after Barcelona in 2012–13, to score in all 38 games of a La Liga season. +Teams. +Promotion and relegation (pre-season). +A total of 20 teams contested the league, including 17 teams from the 2015–16 season and 3 promoted teams from the 2015–16 Segunda División. This included the two top teams from the Segunda División, and the winners of the play-offs. +The three promoted clubs replaced Rayo Vallecano, Getafe, and Levante. Those teams were relegated at the end of the previous season after five, twelve, and six years respectively. +Season statistics. +Zamora Trophy. +The Zamora Trophy is awarded by newspaper "Marca" to the goalkeeper with least goals-to-games ratio. A goalkeeper had to have played at least 28 games of 60 or more minutes to be eligible for the trophy. +LFP Awards. +Seasonal. +The league's best players and coaches were honoured with the La Liga Awards. The awards were run by La Liga's governing body, the Liga de Fútbol Profesional. + += = = Peter Grosser = = = +Peter Grosser (28 September 1938 – 2 March 2021) was a German football player and coach. He spent six seasons in the Bundesliga with TSV 1860 Munich. He also represented Germany twice from 1965 until 1966. He was born in Munich. +Career. +Grosser started his career with FC Neuhofen then he went on to MTV München. In 1956 he went to the youth of FC Bayern München. 1958 he played for the first team. 1963 he went to TSV 1860 Munich. With this team he played in the 1965 in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup versus West Ham United. 1969 he went to Austria and played 164 matches for SV Austria Salzburg. 1975 his career ended. +Manager career. +1974 till 1982 he was youth coach of TSV Forstenried. 1977 till 1987 he was manager of SpVgg Unterhaching, he reached Amateurliga Bayern (then 3rd level). 1993 he came back to reach the 2nd Bundesliga but failed. From 1990 till 2011 Peter Grosser was vicepresident of SpVgg Unterhaching. +Grosser died on 2 March 2021 in Munich, aged 82. + += = = Bunny Wailer = = = +Neville O'Riley Livingston, OM (10 April 1947 – 2 March 2021) best known as Bunny Wailer, was a Jamaican singer-songwriter and percussionist. He was an original member of reggae group The Wailers along with Bob Marley and Peter Tosh. He won three Grammy Awards. +He was also known as Bunny Livingston and Jah B. +In October 2018, Wailer suffered a minor stroke, which caused speech problems. +Wailer died in Kingston, Jamaica on 2 March 2021 from stroke-related problems, at the age 73. + += = = Kaiser Shipyard = = = +Kaiser Shipyard were seven shipyards on the West Coast of the United States. They were used very much during World War II and built Liberty ships. The shipyards were owned by Kaiser Shipbuilding Company. Henry J. Kaiser was the founder of Kaiser Shipyard. + += = = Savigny-sur-Orge = = = +Savigny-sur-Orge is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is 19.1 km (11.9 mi) from the center of Paris in the département of Essonne. + += = = 2017–18 La Liga = = = +The 2017–18 La Liga season, also known as LaLiga Santander for sponsorship reasons, was the 87th La Liga season. The season began on 18 August 2017 and ended on 20 May 2018. The fixtures were released on 21 July 2017. +Real Madrid were the defending champions. Barcelona, won the league title on 29 April 2018 with four matches left. +Teams. +Promotion and relegation (pre-season). +A total of 20 teams competed in the league: the 17 teams from the 2016–17 season and the 3 promoted teams from the 2016–17 Segunda División. The three promoted teams included the two top teams from the Segunda División and the winners of the play-offs. +League table. +Positions by round. +The table lists the positions of teams after each week of matches. In order to preserve chronological evolvements, any postponed matches are not included in the round at which they were originally scheduled, but added to the full round they were played immediately afterwards. For example, if a match is scheduled for matchday 13, but then postponed and played between days 16 and 17, it will be added to the standings for day 16. +Season statistics. +Zamora Trophy. +The Zamora Trophy is awarded by newspaper "Marca" to the goalkeeper with the lowest goals-to-games ratio. A goalkeeper has to have played at least 28 games of 60 or more minutes to be eligible for the trophy. +Hat-tricks. +4 Player scored 4 goals; (H) – Home ; (A) – Away + += = = The Chica Show = = = +The Chica Show is an American live-action/animated television series for preschool children. It is based on the puppetry segments of "The Sunny Side Up Show" on Sprout. It features the chicken puppet character Chica in full episodic animated adventures instead of the usual continuity of "The Sunny Side Up Show". The program was first broadcast on November 24, 2012/ A preview episode was shown on October 31, 2012. The program began to to be broadcast as part of the NBC Kids block on Comcast/NBCUniversal's sister network NBC in February 2013. A second season started on July 29, 2013 and ended in 2018. + += = = Creek Fire (2020) = = = +The Creek Fire was a large wildfire that started on September 4, 2020 near Shaver Lake, California. The fire burned 379,895 acres (153,738 ha) and was declared 100% contained on December 24, 2020. It became the largest single blaze in the state on September 23 after the fire reached to 290,000 acres. + += = = Black Angel (1946 movie) = = = +Black Angel is a 1946 American crime drama movie directed by Roy William Neill and was based on the 1943 novel of the same name by Cornell Woolrich. It stars Dan Duryea, June Vincent, Peter Lorre, Broderick Crawford, Constance Dowling, Wallace Ford, Hobart Cavanaugh, Freddie Steele and was distributed by Universal Pictures. + += = = Sidemen (YouTube group) = = = +The Sidemen are a British YouTube group. They have many channels with a total of 16 million subscribers as of 2021. +Members. +The group has the following members: + += = = Fenway Sports Group = = = +Fenway Sports Group, LLC (FSG), is an American sports company who own Major League Baseball team Boston Red Sox, professional Premier League Football club, Liverpool FC, and NHL team Pittsburgh Penguins +FSG was founded in 2001 as New England Sports Ventures (NESV) when John W. Henry joined forces with Tom Werner, Les Otten, The New York Times Company, and other investors to successfully bid for the Red Sox. NESV changed their name to Fenway Sports Group in March of 2011. + += = = Satoshi Yamaguchi = = = +Satoshi Yamaguchi can mean: + += = = Safety orange = = = +Safety Orange(also known as blaze orange, vivid orange) is a hue. + += = = New York's 2nd congressional district = = = +New York's 2nd congressional district is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives. Republican Andrew Garbarino has been the representative for the district since 2021. +The congressional district is on Long Island, New York. +List of members representing the district. +1805–1809: Two seats on general ticket with 3rd district. +The districts were separated in 1809. +1809–1823: two seats. +From 1809 to 1823, two seats were apportioned to the second district, elected at-large on a general ticket. +Recent election results. +New York election law allows for fusion voting, where a candidate can run as a member of multiple parties. The pooled vote totals for candidates are listed first, and the split of the votes among the parties they ran as is listed beneath. See below for blank, void, and scattering notes.* + Blank, void, and write-in candidate ("scattering") notes: In 2000, there were 37,596 BVS votes; in 2002, 14,087; in 2004, 40,937; and in 2006, 14,101. Since 2008, results were separated out, and there were 54,163 blank votes; 10 void ballots; and 12 votes cast for write-in candidates. In 2010, 7,104 were blank votes; 93 were void ballots; and thirty were votes cast for write-in candidates. + += = = Dendropsophus leali = = = +The yellow-toed tree frog ("Dendropsophus leali") is a frog that lives in Bolivia, Peru, French Guiana and Brazil. + += = = Forever Marshall Islands = = = +"Forever Marshall Islands" (Marshallese: Indeeo Ṃajeḷ) is the national anthem of the Marshall Islands. Former President Amata Kabua created the lyrics. Korean composer Gil ok-yun composed the music. President Amata Kabua requested that a new anthem be created. The song was finished and recorded at Oasis records in Seoul. +It replaced the old national anthem, "". + += = = Central Macedonia = = = +Central Macedonia is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It covers the southern part of the geographic region Macedonia. Sometimes, the region is called South Macedonia. Its capital is Thessaloniki. Central Macedonia has borders with Albania, North Macedonia, and Bulgaria. About 2.8 million people live in Central Macedonia. + += = = Vasyl Virastyuk = = = +Vasyl Yaroslavovych Virastyuk (Ukrainian: "������� ������������ ���������"; born April 22, 1974 in Ivano-Frankivsk) is a Ukrainian actor, strongman, Honored Master of Sports of Ukraine and holder of the titles "Strongest Man of Ukraine" (2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005) and "Strongest Man in the World" ( 2004). Member of the national team of Ukraine, which won the title of "Strongest Nation in the World" in 2003 and 2004. +Biography. +Vasyl Virastyuk was born on April 22, 1974 in Ivano-Frankivsk in the family of a truck driver. Brother Roman Virastyuk (April 21, 1968 - July 27, 2019), who became a bronze medalist of the European Championship in shot put in 1994. +At the age of 10 he started doing athletics, pushing nuclei. At the age of 13, he got behind the wheel of a truck for the first time and immediately drove 25 kilometers. +1981 - went to the first grade of Ivano-Frankivsk secondary school No 4. 1989 - finished the 8th grade and entered the College of Physical Culture of his hometown. +1992 - after graduating from college he served in the military for 2 years. +In 1994-2000 he worked as an athletics coach at the Ukraine Sports Association. +Since 2000 he has lived in Lviv and worked as a security guard at Concern Galnaftogaz. +From 1984 to 2000 he was involved in athletics - shot put. He was a member of the national team of Ukraine in athletics. +In 1995 he fulfilled the standards of a master of sports. +In 1998 he fulfilled the standards of a master of sports of international class. +Since 2000 he has been involved in STRONGESTMAN power all-around. +In 2002 he became the third in the competition for the title of "Strongest in Central Europe" and won the Grand Prix of the international tournament in Salzburg (Austria). He was sixth in the IFSA (International Federation of the World's Strongest Athletes) superseries. +In 2003, he won third place at the Strongmen World Championships in Zambia. +In 2004, he won the World's Strongest Man Championships in the Bahamas. But he took sixth place in the most prestigious competitions in power sports "Arnold Classic". In the same year, Vasyl took part in the TV show "Fort Boyer", where he was captain of the team of Heroes. +In 2007 he won the competition in Seoul (South Korea) and won the IFSA World Extreme Power Champion title. In September of that year, the "strongman" remarried. His wife Inna is an employee of the German pharmaceutical company Bayer in Ukraine. On March 19, 2008, Vasyl had a second son, the baby was named Oleg. +He starred in the films How Cossacks... (2009) and Ivan Sila (2013) +On November 9, 2015, the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine announced that Vasyl Virastyuk had become a Border Guard Inspector (serving his term at Lviv Airport). As a result, it turned out that Vasyl became the hero of the TV project "Western Border", produced by the Lviv regional TV channel NTA. +Politics. +On February 11, 2021, at the congress of the pro-government Servant of the People party, Virastyuk was nominated as a candidate for by-elections in the 87th constituency of Ivano-Frankivsk region, where Marusya Zvirobiy had previously been nominated as a candidate from the European Solidarity party. + += = = 2018-19 Serie A = = = +The 2018–19 Serie A (known as the Serie A TIM for sponsorship reasons) was the 117th season of top-tier Italian football. Juventus won their 7th Serie A title in a row. The season was played between 18 August 2018 to 26 May 2019. +Season statistics. +Hat-tricks. +4 Player scored four goals ; +Awards. +In 2019, Serie A introduced the Serie A Awards for the first time, using calculations from Opta Sports and Netco Sports to determine the best players of the season. + += = = Žydrūnas Savickas = = = +Žydrūnas Savickas ( ​[ʑiːˈdrûːnɐs sɐˈvjɪtskɐs]; born July 15, 1975) is a Lithuanian powerlifter and strongman. He has won many championships in every kind of international strongman competition. Many people think he is one of the best strength athletes of all time. +Career. +Žydrūnas Savickas first became interested in strength sports after watching a Lithuanian strongman contest on TV in 1989. Three years later, he took part in that same strongman contest, and defeated a number of older and more experienced competitors. At age 17, Savickas began to train in powerlifting. In his second powerlifting contest, he broke all the Lithuanian records. + += = = North Wembley = = = +North Wembley is an area in North West London and Wembley. It is in the London Borough of Brent and is mostly made up of the 1930s Sudbury Court Estates. The major roads in the area are East Lane, Watford Road, and Sudbury Court Drive. Most of it is part of the Wembley HA0 postcode area, but a small part in the east (including East Lane Business Park) is in Wembley HA9, and parts in the west (including Sudbury Court Drive) are in Harrow HA1. +History. +Sudbury Court Estate was built between 1927 to 1935, one of the best surviving mock tudor housing in the wider area. The estate was built under Captain Edward George Spencer-Churchill, first cousin of Winston Churchill. + += = = Sandringham, Norfolk = = = +Sandringham is a village in Norfolk. Sandringham is famous because that is where Sandringham House and its estate are. Sandringham House is a holiday home of Queen Elizabeth II and several other people related to the English Royal Family. Near the house is the Royal Stud, a stud farm that houses many of the royal horses. The village was the birthplace of Diana, Princess of Wales. + += = = Iowa's 1st congressional district = = = +Iowa's 1st congressional district is a congressional district is the U.S state of Iowa. It is in the northeast part of the state. The cities in the district are Dubuque, Cedar Rapids and Waterloo. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Ashley Hinson who beat the Democrat Abby Finkenauer in the 2020 United States House of Representatives elections. + += = = Iowa's 2nd congressional district = = = +Iowa's 2nd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S state of Iowa. It is in the southeast part of the state. The district includes the cities of Davenport, Iowa City, Muscatine, Clinton, Burlington, Ottumwa, Fort Madison, Oskaloosa, Bettendorf, Newton and Pella. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Mariannette Miller-Meeks who changed the district from Democrat to Republican after the Democrat retired. She won the election by 6 votes. + += = = Mississippi's 4th congressional district = = = +Mississippi's 4th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S state of Mississippi. The district is in the southeast part of the state and is on the border of Alabama and Louisiana. It includes three of Mississippi's four cities with the most people: Gulfport, Biloxi, and Hattiesburg. The other big cities within the district include Bay St. Louis, Laurel, and Pascagoula. + += = = Mississippi's 2nd congressional district = = = +Mississippi's 2nd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The district is in almost all of western Mississippi. It includes most of Jackson, Greenville and Vicksburg, Clarksdale, Greenwood, and Clinton. The district's border goes along the Mississippi River. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district's current representative is Democrat Bennie Thompson. + += = = Mississippi's 1st congressional district = = = +Mississippi's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S state of Mississippi. The district is in the northeast corner of the state. It includes the cities of Columbus, Oxford, Southaven, and Tupelo. The counties are Alcorn, Benton, Calhoun, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Clay, DeSoto, Itawamba, Lafayette, Lee, Lowndes, Marshall, Monroe, Pontotoc, Prentiss, Tate, Tippah, Tishomingo, Union, Webster, and Winston counties and parts of Oktibbeha County. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Trent Kelly. + += = = Mississippi's 3rd congressional district = = = +Mississippi's 3rd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S state of Mississippi. The district is in the middle of the state and goes from the border of Louisiana in the west to the border of Alabama in the east. The large cities in the district include Meridian, Starkville, Pearl, and Natchez. It also includes most of the wealthier parts of Jackson. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The current representative is Republican Michael Guest. + += = = Nebraska's 3rd congressional district = = = +Nebraska's 3rd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Nebraska. The district makes up most of the state besides parts of the eastern side. The district has 68 counties and is in two time zones. It includes the cities of Grand Island, Kearney, Hastings, North Platte, Alliance, and Scottsbluff. Also, it has the Sandhills region and a large part of the Platte River. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Adrian Smith. + += = = Orrville, Ohio = = = +Orrville is a city in Wayne County, Ohio, United States. The population was 8,452 at the 2020 census. + += = = Texas's 6th congressional district = = = +Texas's 6th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Texas. The district is southeast of Dallas and includes the counties of Ellis, Navarro and the corner of Tarrant County. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. No one is currently represented the district because the representative, Republican Ron Wright, who had been the representative since 2019 died on February 7, 2021 from COVID-19. A special election will happen on May 1, 2021. + += = = Ancient Meitei language = = = +Ancient Meitei or Old Manipuri was the early form of the present day Meitei language (Manipuri language) and was the national language of Ancient Manipur. +The language is as old as the reign of Emperor "Tangja Leela Pakhangba" in Ancient Manipur, right from 1445 BC, and was spoken upto the beginning of the Medieval Manipur. + += = = 2021 Texas's 6th congressional district special election = = = +The 2021 Texas's 6th congressional district special election will be happen on May 1, 2021. This is a special election because the current representative, Republican Ron Wright died February 7, 2021 of COVID-19. When there is a district in Texas that does not have a representative when it is meant to then the Governor of Texas orders a special election. The special election to fill Texas's 6th congressional district will take place on May 1, 2021. Many people think the election will be close because the Democratic Party has been doing better in the district and they think this is their chance to change the district for Republican to Democrat. If the candidates in the election have less than 50% of the vote then their is a runoff election were the top two candidates are trying to get elected. This would happen on May 24, 2021. + += = = Daytime running light = = = +A daytime running lamp or daytime running light is an automotive lighting and bicycle lighting device on the front of a road motor vehicle or bicycle, They come on when the vehicles handbrake has been pulled down or engaged in-gear, showing a white, yellow, or amber light. Their use is to help other road users identify an active vehicle. + += = = Paramount Global = = = +Paramount Global (doing business as Paramount) is an American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate controlled by National Amusements and headquartered at One Astor Plaza in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. The company was formed on December 4, 2019, as ViacomCBS Inc. through the merger of the second incarnations of CBS Corporation and Viacom (which were split from the original Viacom on December 31, 2005). The company changed its name to Paramount Global on February 16, 2022, the day after its Q4 earnings presentation. + += = = Ferdinand Ghesquière = = = +Ferdinand "Fernand" Ghesquière (1 March 1933 – 1 March 2021) was a Belgian politician. He was a member of the Christian Social Party. He was a member of the Chamber of Representatives from 1985 to 1987 and between 1991 and 1999. He was a member of the Senate from 1987 to 1991. +Ghesquière was born in Ostend and died in the same place, aged 88. + += = = Àlex Casademunt = = = +Alejandro Casademunt González commonly known as Àlex Casademunt (30 June 1981 – 2 March 2021) was a Spanish singer, actor and television presenter. He was known for being a contestant on the musical contest "Operación Triunfo 2001". Casademunt was born in Vilassar de Mar,Barcelona. +Between 2003 and 2004, he began his career as a television presenter on the children's program "Los Lunnis" of TVE. +Casademunt was killed in a car crash on 2 March 2021 in Mataró, Barcelona at the age of 39. + += = = Zhou Yulin = = = +Zhou Yulin (; 12 February 1923 – 2 March 2021) was a Chinese mathematician and academic. In 1991, he was elected as a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Zhou was born in Shanghai. He taught at Peking University and at China Academy of Engineering Physics. He was best known for his works on mathematical simulation and physical processes of China's nuclear weapons. +Zhou died on 2 March 2021 in Beijing at the age of 98. + += = = Tomas Altamirano Duque = = = +Tomas Altamirano Duque (9 September 1927 – 3 March 2021) was a Panamanian politician. He was the First Vice President of Panama from September 1, 1994 to September 1, 1999, under President Ernesto Pérez Balladares. He was a member of the Democratic Revolutionary Party. +Altamirano Duque died in Panama City on 3 March 2021, aged 93. + += = = Jim Croce = = = +James Joseph Croce (; January 10, 1943 – September 20, 1973) was an American folk and rock singer-songwriter. He became well known at first for his third album "You Don't Mess Around with Jim" which included his single "Time in a Bottle". Another well known single of his was "Bad, Bad Leroy Brown", which was the only No. 1 hit he had during his lifetime. +On September 20, 1973, the day before the lead single to his fifth album, "I Got a Name", was released, Croce was killed in a plane crash near Natchitoches, Louisiana at the age of 30. + += = = Jeroen van Merwijk = = = +Jeroen van Merwijk (11 September 1955 – 3 March 2021) was a Dutch comedian, painter, and songwriter. He was born in Bilthoven, Netherlands. He was mainly known for his theatre performances between 1986 and 2019. A singer, his best known singles were "Zuid Afrika" and "Dat vinden jongens leuk". He wrote songs for among others: Hans Dorrestijn, Adèle Bloemendaal, Karin Bloemen and Erik van Muiswinkel. +Van Merwijk announced in February 2020 that he had colorectal cancer. He died in his hometown Sainte-Juliette, France on 3 March 2021, aged 65. + += = = Ruy Scarpino = = = +Ruy Santos Scarpino (17 February 1962 – 3 March 2021) was a Brazilian football manager. Scarpino was born in Vitória, Espírito Santo. His managing career lasted from 1999 until 2020. His best known managing teams were with Imperatriz, Ceará and Ituano. +During the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, he was hospitalized with COVID-19 on 28 February 2021. He died on 3 March in Manaus, Amazonas at the age of 59. + += = = White-collar worker = = = +A white-collar worker is a worker who has a high salary for doing a job that needs a lot of skill but do not do jobs that need a lot of labor like a blue-collar worker. They are also called "shirt and tie" workers and got the name "white-collar worker" because many of them would wear good clothes with white collars. An example of a white-collar worker is a person who works at an office or at a desk. White collar workers usually make more money then blue-collar workers. + += = = Pedro Jiménez Galán = = = +Pedro Jiménez Galán (April 1919 – 3 March 2021) was a Spanish politician and lawyer. He was a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party. From 1977 until 1979, he was a member of the Congress of Deputies. He was also a political prisoner during the dictatorship of Francisco Franco. Jiménez Galán was born in Valdepeñas de Jaén, Spain. +Jiménez Galán died on 3 March 2021 at his home in Chiclana de Segura, Spain at the age of 101. + += = = Valdepeñas de Jaén = = = +Valdepeñas de Jaén is a city in the province of Jaén, Spain. In the 2005 census, 4,315 people lived here. + += = = Chiclana de Segura = = = +Chiclana de Segura is a city in the province of Jaén, Spain. In the 2018 census, 962 people lived here. + += = = R143 (New York City Subway car) = = = +The R143 is a class of New Technology Train cars built by Kawasaki Rail Car Company for the New York City Subway's B Division . It operates mainly on the L line, but also operated on the J, M, and Z lines. + += = = Gagauz language = = = +Gagauz is a Turkic language spoken by the Gagauz people. They live in Moldova, Ukraine, Russia and Turkey. It is the official language of the Autonomous Region of Gagauzia in Moldova. +Gagauz belongs to the Oghuz branch of Turkic languages, with Azerbaijani, Turkmen, and Turkish. Gagauz has two dialects, Bulgar Gagauzi and Maritime Gagauzi. Gagauz is not the same language as Balkan Gagauz Turkish. +The Gajal, the Sunni Muslim Branch of the Gagauz, live in Turkey-East Thrace, once came from Moldova. + += = = Alexander Dennis Enviro350H = = = +The Alexander Dennis Enviro350H is a hybrid-electric powered single decker low-floor bus. It was built from 2010 to 2013. It was built by Alexander Dennis. + += = = R179 (New York City Subway car) = = = +The R179 is a class of 318 new technology (NTT) New York City Subway cars built by Bombardier Transportation for the B Division. The cars replaced all remaining R32s and R42s . The R179 is similar to the R160 and R143 but it runs on the A, C, J and Z lines. The R179 order originally contained 208 cars that were each 75 feet 23 m long. In 2010 -2014 Capital Program, the order was changed to 290 cars that were 60 feet 18 m long - similar to the car lengths of he R143 and R160 cars - with options for up to 130 more cars. The majority of the R179s we're supposed to be in 300 - foot - long 91 m five car sets because the R179s will be replacing the 75 foot long R44s, which will be arranged in 300 -foot- long car sets. The R179s have two doors at each end of each car and the R160 has the same too. + += = = Jim Crockett Jr. = = = +James Allen Crockett Jr. (August 10, 1944 – March 3, 2021) was an American professional wrestling promoter. From 1977 to 1989, he was part owner of Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP). From 1976 to 1977, Jim Crockett Promotions also owned the Charlotte Orioles. He was born in Charlotte, North Carolina. +On February 28, 2021, Crockett was hospitalized for multiple organ failure in Dallas, Texas. He died three days later, aged 76. + += = = Robin Kelly = = = +Robin Lynne Kelly (born April 30, 1956) is an American politician. She is the U.S. Representative from since 2013. She is a Democrat. +Kelly was in the Illinois House of Representatives from 2003 to 2007. She then was chief of staff for Illinois State Treasurer Alexi Giannoulias until 2010. + += = = Bradley University = = = +Bradley University is a private university in Peoria, Illinois. It was founded in 1897. 5,400 students go here. The university has over 30 graduate programs and over 100 undergraduate programs. + += = = Dominican University (Illinois) = = = +Dominican University (DU) is a private Catholic university in River Forest, Illinois. It has a bachelor's and master's degrees and certificate programs. Dominican University offers more than 50 majors in the Rosary College of Arts and Sciences and 20 programs in five graduate academic divisions. + += = = Tony Accardo = = = +Anthony Joseph Accardo (; born Antonino Leonardo Accardo, ; April 28, 1906 – May 22, 1992), also known as "Joe Batters" and "Big Tuna", was an American longtime mobster. He was the boss of the Chicago Outfit from 1947 until 1972. + += = = Meitei script = = = +Meitei script () or Meetei script () is an abugida used for Meitei language (officially known as Manipuri language), the sole official language, the lingua franca and the predominantly spoken tongue of the Indian state of Manipur. + += = = Sudbury, London = = = +Sudbury is a suburb in the London Borough of Brent, in northwest London. Sudbury is formed of Wembley (western part) and is centred around 0.6 miles (1 km) west of Wembley Central railway station. +Transport. +Rail. +On Chiltern Railways there are two stations: + += = = Wembley Central station = = = +The Wembley Central station is a railway (train) station in Wembley, London. It is a transfer station on the West Coast Main Line, London Overground and London Underground Backerloo Line. + += = = Serhiy Tihipko = = = +Sergey Leonidovich Tihipko (, born 13 February 1960) is a Ukrainian politician and financier, PhD in Economics. He is former Vice Prime Minister and Minister of Social Policy of Ukraine. +Biography. +Serhiy Tihipko was born on 13 February 1960 in Dragoneshty, Moldovan SSR. He started his education in the local school. Then he entered the Metallurgical Institute in Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine and graduated in engineering-metallurgy in 1982. For 2 years later he served in the Armed Forces of the USSR (tank troops). +From 1984 to 1986 he worked as a Secretary of the Komsomol Committee, Head of the Department and Deputy Director for Training and Production of the Dnipropetrovsk Mechanical and Metallurgical Technical School. +He was a Secretary for Propaganda and Agitation of the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Committee of the LKSMU from 1987 to 1989. +After 90's he started to work with finances and in 1991 became a Deputy Chairman of the Board of Dnipro Bank and a year later a Chairman of the Board of Privatbank (Dnipropetrovsk). But he left the FIG "Privat" in 2001. +In 1994 he was close to Leonid Kuchma and was his freelance monetary policy adviser. +From 1997 Tihipko became a Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Affairs in the office of Pavel Lazarenko. +Then he became the 10th Minister of Economy of Ukraine and took that position till 2000. +Tihipko became a Chairman of the National Bank in 2002, from 2005 to 2007 he was a Chairman of the Board of Financial and Industrial Group TAS and a Chairman of the Board of OJSC "Swedbank" from 2007. +From 2009 he took a post of a Deputy Prime Minister in the government of Azarov (2010), Minister of Social Policy (2010), Deputy Chairman of the Party of Regions (2012) and he is a Chairman of the Strong Ukraine political party from 2014 till now. +Political activity. +Tihipko started his active work as a Ukrainian politician in 2000 when he was elected a deputy of the Verkhovna Rada and became a member of the Verkhovna Rada Committee on Finance and Banking. +He effectively cooperated with Ukrainian leaders. In 2003 he headed the election headquarters of Viktor Yanukovych, then in 2008 he became an Adviser to the Prime Minister of Ukraine Yulia Tymoshenko. +In 2009 he headed the Strong Ukraine party and a year later created the "Tigipko Bloc". Tihipko prepared the Pension Reform in 2011 and the Law on decriminalization of economic crimes in 2021. Both were approved by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. +In 2014 he ran for the President of Ukraine and would like to lead the Party of Regions, but the trial wasn`t successful. This year he was also among the people's deputies who voted for "dictatorial laws". +Business. +Tihipko is a businessman too. He is an owner of PE "Cititrend-Step" and PJSC Insurance Company "Industrialna". Also he owns a number of different enterprises. +Since 2016, he owns 99% of the shares of Universal Bank, a branch of which is Monobank. By the rank of the magazine "NV" "Top 100 richest Ukrainians", published in October 2019, the fortune of Serhiy Tihipko is estimated at $ 407 million. He took the 17th place in the ranking. +Awards. +He was rewarded as a Knight of the Order of the Legion of Honor. +Private life. +He is married and has 4 children. +Firstly, he married in 1981 with Natalia Tihipko. They had a daughter Anna in 1984. She studied in Oxford and currently works in one of the parent companies. But Serhiy Tihipko and Natalia Tihipko divorced in 2004. Now she manages the medical clinic TAS and the newspaper "Economic News", is related to the enterprises (LLC) "Nafto-gas Service"; "First International Finance Corporation"; "VS Extra LTD". +He married for the second time in 2004 with Victoria Tihipko. She is an organizer of the IDCEE forum, since 2010 is included in the rating of "100 most influential women of Ukraine". They had 3 children in 2002, 2005 and 2008. + += = = European Champion Clubs' Cup = = = +The European Champion Clubs' Cup, (also known as Coupe des Clubs Champions Européens), or simply the European Cup, was a trophy awarded every year by UEFA to the football club that wins the UEFA Champions League. The competition in its older format of the UEFA Champions League. The UEFA Champions League and the European Cup are the same thing, the only difference is the name (in 1992 the name changed from European Champion Clubs' Cup to UEFA Champions League). The first award was given in 1956. + += = = Raj Koothrappali = = = +Rajesh "Raj" Ramayan Koothrappali, Ph.D. is a fictional character on the CBS television series "The Big Bang Theory". He is played by British Indian actor Kunal Nayyar. He is one out of 4 characters who appear in every episode of the Big Bang Theory (Howard Wolowitz, Leonard Hofstadter and Sheldon Cooper). Raj has a doctorate in astrophysics. His best friend, Howard is an astronaut and has been on the International Space Station (ISS). + += = = Chile Rise = = = +The Chile Rise or Chile Ridge is a mid-ocean ridge in the Pacific, off the coast of Chile. On the ridge, the Nazca plate and the Antarctic plate meet. + += = = Netto-uyoku = = = +Netto-uyoku or Net uyoku (Japanese Internet rightists), also called Netouyo, is the term used to refer to far-right Japanese neo-nationalists who interact and post almost entirely online. Their mediums are forums and Social media sites. Japanese critic and writer Furuya Tsunehira described them as a "new breed of neo-nationalists who interact almost entirely within their own cyber community, shut off from the rest of society" . Furuya goes on to explain that on average, these people are around 40 years old, and about three quarters of them are male. According to Furuya they are concentrated in major urban areas, particularly the Tokyo-Kanagawa region. +Their average annual income is slightly higher than the median for their age, and most are graduates of four-year universities." This profile is different to European and American ultra-rightist groups who are mostly made up of disaffected low-income and unemployed youth. Furuya further observes that although active on the web, they lack institutional political representation offline, leading to a sense of frustration and a tendency to be more active online and to back the more right-wing elements of the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan, especially Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's administration as a substitute for having a party of their own. + += = = Phil Chisnall = = = +John Philip Chisnall (27 October 1942 – 4 March 2021) was an English footballer. He played as an inside forward in the 1960s and 1970s. +Chisnall was born in Manchester. In 1964, he signed for Liverpool from Manchester United. As of 2023, he is the last player to have been sold between the two rivals. He also played for Southend United and Stockport County. +Chisnall died on 4 March 2021, at the age of 78. + += = = Dendropsophus walfordi = = = +Dendropsophus walfordi is a frog that lives in Brazil. It lives in the basin formed by the Amazon River. + += = = Puya = = = +Puya may refer to: + += = = Our Palau = = = +"Belau rekid" (; "Our Palau") is the national anthem of Palau. It was officially adopted in 1980. The music was written by Ymesei O. Ezekiel, to which the combined words of several authors were set. +Lyrics. +The lyrics are officially sung in Palauan, but has been translated into the two other official languages of Palau, English and Japanese. + += = = Alaska Highway = = = +The Alaska Highway is a highway in the U.S state of Alaska and the Canadian province of the Yukon. It is 1,390 miles long. + += = = List of highest-grossing Kollywood movies = = = +Kollywood is the Tamil film making industry based in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The following are the highest grossing Kollywood movies. The Tamil film industry made the first nationally distributed film across India in 1948 with Chandralekha. + += = = Nebraska's 1st congressional district = = = +Nebraska's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Nebraska. The district takes up most of eastern Nebraska besides the parts in 2nd congressional district. It includes the state capital Lincoln, as well as the cities of Bellevue, Fremont, and Norfolk. After the 2010 United States Census, the 1st congressional district was changed to include an eastern part of Sarpy County. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. + += = = Arkansas's 1st congressional district = = = +Arkansas's 1st congressional district is a U.S. congressional district in the U.S. state of Arkansas. The district is in the eastern part of the state. The counties in the district are Arkansas, Baxter, Chicot, Clay, Cleburne, Craighead, Crittenden, Cross, Desha, Fulton, Greene, Independence, Izard, Jackson, Lawrence, Lee, Lincoln, Lonoke, Mississippi, Monroe, Phillips, Poinsett, Prairie, Randolph, Saint Francis, Searcy, Sharp, Stone, and Woodruff. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is represented by Republican Rick Crawford. When Crawford was elected in 2010 he was the first Republican to represent the district since 1875. +Election history. +2018. +The 2018 election was held on November 6, 2018. + += = = Quagmire's Mom = = = +"Quagmire's Mom" is the 10th episode of "Family Guy"s 13th season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on February 15, 2015. In the episode, Glenn Quagmire is guilty for having sex with a minor (statutory rape). His born again mother helps him show that he is innocent. +"Quagmire's Mom" was written by Tom Devanney. Greg Colton is the director of the episode. Allison Janney is a guest star as Quagmire's mother. The episode was watched by about 2.81 million people when it was first broadcast. Narsimha Chintaluri from "TV Fanatic" thought that the episode was "entertaining". He said he was tricked because he thought "Quagmire might learn a lesson for the first time". The Parents Television Council were unhappy that the episode made jokes on statutory rape. They wanted people to make complaints to the FCC about the episode. + += = = Paparazzi = = = +Paparazzi (plural, singular is Paparazzo for men, and paparazza for women) are independent photographers. Very often, they illegally take pictures of well-known (high-profile) people who go about their daily routines. They then sell these pictures to media outlets or tabloid newspapers. + += = = Cocktail party effect = = = +When they are in a noisy environment, humans have the ability to focus their hearing onto one source. This phenomenon is called cocktail party effect. It is named after the fact that a person attending a noisy cocktail party is able to focus their listening to the conversation they are doing, and disregard the other conversations. +It has been proposed that one's sensory memory subconsciously parses all stimuli and identifies discrete pieces of information by classifying them by salience. This effect is what allows most people to "tune into" a single voice and "tune out" all others. This phenomenon is often described in terms of "selective attention" or "selective hearing". It may also describe a similar phenomenon that occurs when one may immediately detect words of importance coming from unattended stimuli, for example hearing one's name among a wide range of auditory input. +An inability to segregate stimuli in this way is sometimes referred to as the cocktail party problem or cocktail party deafness. + += = = Tito Ortiz = = = +Tito Ortiz (born January 23, 1975 in Huntington Beach, California) is an American mixed martial artist. He is known for fighting in the UFC. + += = = Gloria (American TV series) = = = +Gloria is an American situation comedy television program and a spin-off of "Archie Bunker's Place". It was on television from September 26, 1982, to April 10, 1983 on CBS. The show was about Sally Struthers playing her role of Gloria Stivic, the daughter of Archie Bunker again. +The plot. +The story of the show is the Gloria Stivic was on her own after her husband, Michael Stivic left her to go live in a commune with another woman in California. Gloria wants to live closer to her father, Archie Bunker so she and her son Joey pack up and move to New York. But Gloria does not want to live in the city so she moves to Upstate New York. She takes a job as a assistant to two veterinarians. Even though the show did good in the Nielsen ratings CBS did not make a second season. It was one of the few "All in the Family" spin-offs that did not do well. +CBS did not like "Gloria"s first pilot which had a short cameo by Carroll O'Connor as Archie Bunker dropping off Gloria and Joey at Dr. Adams' clinic and residence. But the episode was put on to "Archie Bunker's Place" as a backdoor pilot. +Episodes. +Backdoor pilot (1982). +A backdoor pilot, called "Gloria: The First Day", was first aired as the 29th and final episode of the third season of "Archie Bunker's Place". + += = = Billy Halop = = = +Billy Halop (February 11, 1920 - November 9, 1976) was an American actor. He was born in Jamaica, Queens. He was in many movies like, "Dead End" where he played a gang leader. He played the cab driver, "Mr. Munson" on the television situation comedy, "All in the Family". He died on November 9, 1976. + += = = Quantez = = = +Quantez is a 1957 American action western movie directed by Harry Keller and starring Fred MacMurray, Dorothy Malone, Sydney Chaplin, John Gavin, John Larch, Michael Ansara. It was distributed by Universal Pictures. + += = = Boys in Brown = = = +Boys in Brown is a 1949 British crime drama movie directed by Montgomery Tully and was based on the 1940 play of the same name by Reginard Beckwith. It stars Jack Warner, Richard Attenborough, Dirk Bogarde, Jimmy Hanley, Barbara Murray, Patrick Holt, Graham Payn. + += = = Equale = = = +An equale is a composition of music for several instruments of the same type. Most of the time, they are short festive pieces. Most of them were written to be played at funerals, or at days where the dead are remembered, such as All Souls' Day. The instrument commonly used is the trombone. Among the best known are probably "Drei Equale für vier Posaunen" WoO 30, by Ludwig van Beethoven (composed 1812), and "2 Aequale für 3 Posaunen" by Anton Bruckner, composed 1847. + += = = The Lost People = = = +The Lost People is a 1949 British drama movie directed by Bernard Knowles and Muriel Box and was based on the play "Cockpit" by Bridget Boland. It stars Dennis Price, Mai Zetterling, Richard Attenborough, Maxwell Reed, William Hartnell, Siobhán McKenna, Gerard Heinz, Zena Marshall, Olaf Pooley, Harcourt Williams, Jill Balcon, Grey Blake. + += = = The Guinea Pig (movie) = = = +The Guinea Pig is a 1948 British drama movie directed by Roy Boulting and was based on the 1946 play of the same name by Warren Chetham-Strode. It stars Richard Attenborough, Sheila Sims, Bernard Miles, Cecil Trouncer, Robert Flemyng, Edith Sharpe, Joan Hickson, Anthony Newley, Oscar Quitak. + += = = František Lízna = = = +František Lízna (July 11, 1941 – March 4, 2021) was a Moravian priest, Jesuit and chairman of the editorial board of the Akord magazine. He focused mainly on the pastoral care of Roma, prisoners and the homeless. +Life. +He was born in Jevíčko on July 11, 1941. He came from a communist-persecuted family, he was imprisoned five times for political reasons and performed his military service with the PTP in Slovakia. In 1968 he was admitted to the novitiate of the Jesuit order and becme a priest in 1974. +In 1978 he signed Charter 77. After the Velvet Revolution he worked in Brno and in the prison in Kurim. From 1995 to 2004 he worked as a prison clergyman in Mírov and until his death he was a pastor in Vyšehorky. In 2000 he became a member of the government's Human Rights Council. +He died in 4 March 2021 from COVID-19 at an Olomouc hospital, aged 79. + += = = The Sand Pebbles (movie) = = = +The Sand Pebbles is a 1966 American war adventure drama movie directed by Robert Wise and was based on the 1962 novel of the same name by Richard McKenna. It stars Steve McQueen, Richard Attenborough, Richard Crenna, Candice Bergen, Mako Iwamatsu, Marayat Andriane, Ford Rainey, Simon Oakland, Gavin MacLeod and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for 8 Academy Awards in 1967. + += = = The Shooting (movie) = = = +The Shooting is a 1966 American western movie directed by Monte Hellman and starring Jack Nicholson, Warren Oates, Will Hutchins, Millie Perkins. + += = = Jimmy Spratt = = = +James Andrew Spratt (19 August 1951 – 4 March 2021) was a British politician and police officer from Northern Ireland. He was a member of the Democratic Unionist Party. He was an MLA for South Belfast from 2007 to 2015. +Spratt was to Lynda. The couple had four children. He was a Presbyterian. He died on 4 March 2021, at the age of 69. + += = = The Saint in London = = = +The Saint in London is a 1939 British crime movie directed by John Paddy Carstairs and was based on the 1932 short story "The Million Pound Day" by Leslie Charteris. It stars George Sanders, Sally Gray, David Burns, Gordon McLeod, Henry Oscar, Athene Seyler, Ralph Truman, Norah Howard and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. It was the third movie of the series of eight movies. + += = = Financial technology = = = +Financial technologies "(FinTech)" are technologies which people use in financial services to help companies manage the financial aspects of their business. Nowadays fintech is the basis for all online transactions - money transfers, loans and more. Many technology startups and large organizations that try to improve financial services are considered to be a part of fintech. +Or Fintech refers to the integration of technology into services offering by financial companies so as to improve their use and delivery to their consumers. +FinTech refers to new applications, processes, products or business models in the field of financial services that are provided through the Internet. Services may be provided by different independent providers at the same time. Usually it includes at least one licensed bank or insurance company. Their interaction is often regulated by special laws and regulations, such as the European Payment Services Directive. +FinTech companies are special because of the ability to create innovations. +Meaning and history. +It was said by the Professor of the School of Management in Friborg Patrick Schueffel that "Fintech is a new financial industry that uses technology to improve its financial performance". It is considered to be the meaning of the term. +The word fintech was first published in the 1980s: an article by Peter Knight entitled FinTech was published in the Sunday Times. It meant the bot that made the changes to his email. +The companies in the field of fintech began to grow rapidly and changed a lot after the global financial crisis in 2008. Large corporations began to invest in the fintech business, which was like an alternative to the old business models of the financial sector. Traditional banks, on the other hand, had millions of customers who wanted new service standards. +In Ukraine, the state promotes the development of fintech in accordance with the Strategy approved by the National Bank of Ukraine in July 2020. +Currently more than 100 fintech companies are working in Ukraine and their amount is increasing. +Types of financial projects. +There are more than 10,000 different fintech companies operating in different fields in the world. +Fintech ecosystem. +It is a set of tools that a financial institution provides to third-party business structures to create and develop its own innovative services. It includes a processing center, acquiring and billing system. + += = = Mr. Wu (1919 movie) = = = +Mr. Wu is a 1919 British drama movie directed by Maurice Elvey and was based on the 1913 play of the same name by Maurice Vernon and Harold Owen. It stars Matheson Long, Lillah McCarthy, Meggie Albanesi, Roy Royston, Teddy Arundell and was remade in 1927 as "Mr. Wu". + += = = Bidzina Kulumbegov = = = +Bidzina Kulumbegov (b. 30 January, 1980) is a Georgian pediatrician, allergist and TV presenter. +Biography. +1999-2005 he studied at Tbilisi State Medical University. 2005-2008 he was a resident of Tbilisi State Medical University - a pediatrician. In 2008 he passed a 3-month internship in Austria. At the Linz Mothers and Children Clinic. +In 2008-2009 he was a junior doctor at the Center for Allergy and Immunology. In 2009 he received a state certificate. Since 2010 he has been working at the Center for Allergy and Immunology (Pediatric Allergist). Since 2016, he is the co-host of the Imedi TV program "Day Show" +From 2002 to 2005 he was a member of the University ( Tbilisi State Medical University ) iv. Member of the Tarkhnishvili Student Scientific Society, Chairman of the Pediatrics Section; Young member of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology since 2005. In 2003 he participated in the European Medical Students Association and Iv. Tarkhnishvili TSMU Student Scientific LXVI Conference. Has received the Presidential Award for 1st place. In 2004, at the LXVII Conference of the same name, he again received the Presidential Award for 1st place. +In 2004 he participated in the II European Asthma Congress in Tbilisi . In 2005 he became a scholarship holder of the President of Georgia. In 2005 participated in the Leiden International Student Medical Congress ( Netherlands; Speaker); 2009 - European Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Meeting (Venice, Italy). In 2011 he became a young member of the European Respiratory Society. In 2012 he participated in the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical imunologi Congress (Milan, Italy). +From 2020, together with Gvantsa Daraselia, he is co-host of the program "Pandemia" on Rustavi 2. + += = = Nokia N90 = = = +Nokia N90 (also known as Nokia N9) is an smartphone, it was announced in Nokia Corporation on April 27, 2005 in States for Building in Hollywood Hills, Hollywood, California. Nokia was announced in Nokia N90 in September 24, 2004, the released for collection flip camera was changed features succesor for Nokia N92 and Nokia N93, in Nokia N91 has been available for Nokia Corporation, Nokia N90 has been news features is flip camera from workgroup and more Nokia tablet, succesor for performance is Nokia Tablet Congress until September 25, 2006. +History. +Nokia has been starting news announced is Nokia Tablet Congress can released until September 25, 2006, also known two features the smartphone from Nokia Tablet like Microsoft Windows Tablet PC, in Nokia N91 has been available for free in Nokia Corporation, in January 15, 2004, Nokia announced Nokia Tablet Congress has been launch for four device is Nokia N90, N91, N92 and N93, based for Nokia N70 along with Nokia N81. +Released and reception. +In April 2004, Nokia N92 from Nokia Corporation was announced on 2005 and 2006, in June 17, 2004, Nokia announced Nokia N90 has been released on April 27, 2005. The free smartphone people in news flip camera and more, in reception video has been wrote by Wall Street Journal on May 17, 2005. It has been "Nokia N90 starting together, but was stay", also known for premiere in YouTube on May 19, 2010. Nokia N90 has collection features is flip camera for Nokia N90 suits and more choice for everything Nokia N90 released in worldwide. +Design. +Nokia N90 has partner for flip camera in Nokia Corporation, they have been developed for Nokia, also known reach is Nokia Tablet Congress can be released on until September 25, 2006, launch for three device in Nokia N90, the partner that smillar for Nokia N92 and N93. Nokia N90 has been the partner face email, call and more, features can collection for camera just smillar like Nokia Tablet Congress. +Nokia N90 has been the upside camera, can choice beginning from Nokia Tablet Congress was announced on September 25, 2006 in New York City, United States. They launch Nokia N90, N91, N92 and N93 announced in Nokia Tablet Congress, also known Nokia Tablet Congress has available for Campaign Shop in November 10, 2006 and ended on December 11, 2006. Nokia N90 has partner for design in fult camera, swipe for camera. +Reception. +The reception for Nokia N90 has been for children in Nokia N90, support partner is Wall Street Journal wrote on May 17, 2005, they choice wrote this "We have make sure for Nokia N90", Nokia N90 has announced for Nokia Connecting Peoples developed for flip camera, Nokia N90 has smillar for Nokia 6300 partner for Menu options and more, Nokia N90 can wrote choice by photo during taken, in June 2010, Nokia N90 available desgin from features. +The video has launch for camera is premiere for YouTube on July 12, 2012. Also known the children in the yard, they another people can collection for Nokia Corporation in Nokia Connecting Peoples, Nokia N90 has changed for many features in known for flip camera upside Power buttons. Nokia N90 in video ended also big boy collect for Nokia N90 flying in the sky video, and checking from Nokia Connecting Peoples, after ended video, Wall Street Journal wrote "Nokia N90 get free together" in Nokia Connecting Peoples. +Legacy. +Nokia N90 can legacy from Nokia Corporation from member camera and more, Nokia N90 can based for launch Nokia N91, N92 and N93 from worldwide, in June 2013. Nokia N90 reach five features is email, photo camera and more. +Information. +In July 2018, Nokia N90 has support producted for Nokia Connecting Peoples, they announced in Nokia headquarter on Las Vegas, United States. Nokia N900 was announced released on July 5, 2012 in Los Angeles, California. +In May 2012, Nokia Corporation has ended discontinued for Nokia N90 and N93 has producted ended on August 22, 2012 and August 25, 2012. Also development status has available. + += = = Old Irish = = = +Old Irish was the Goidelic language in the Middle Ages. People spoke Old Irish in Ireland, before the year 1000 AD. Old Irish was a Goidelic language, and modern Goidelic languages like Irish and Scots Gaelic came from it. +People speaking Insular Celtic languages probably first came to Ireland at the start of the Iron Age, about 500 BC. By around 500 AD, people in Ireland all had the same Goidelic language and culture. Speakers of Old Irish began to move to Britain as Britain became weaker. Other peoples of Britain named these people the Scot. +Old Irish was the only language in the Goidelic languages until Old Irish split into the modern Goidelic languages of Irish, Scots Gaelic, and Manx. These languages are Insular Celtic languages and part of the bigger group of Celtic languages. + += = = Koji Kondo (footballer) = = = + was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Kondo was born in Kariya on April 28, 1972. After graduating from Shizuoka Gakuen High School, he joined Matsushita Electric (later "Gamba Osaka") in 1991. From 1992, he played as regular player at many positions, midfielder and side-back. However at 1996 Emperor's Cup on December 29, he hit his head with opponent. A brain tumor was found by the examination. This match became his last match. He left the club in June 1998. He played 133 games and scored 4 goals in the league. +On May 22, 1994, Kondo debuted for the Japan national team against Australia. He played as right side-back. On May 29, he also played against France. He played 2 games for Japan in 1994. +On April 17, 2003, Kondo died of brain tumor in Toyoake at the age of 30. +Statistics. +133||4||15||1||23||0||170||5 +133||4||15||1||23||0||170||5 +!Total||2||0 + += = = Glenn Highway = = = +The Glenn Highway is a highway in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is 179 miles (288 kilometres) long. it is between Anchorage and Glennallen on the Richardson Highway. The Tok Cut-off is often considered a part of the highway. +History. +The highway was named for Captain Edwin Glenn, who was a leader in the U.S Army. The highway originated from the Palmer Road in the 1930s. + += = = Richardson Highway = = = +The Richardson Highway is a highway in the U.S. state of Alaska, running 368 miles (562 km) from Valdez to Fairbanks. + += = = Elliott Highway = = = +The Elliot Highway is a highway in the U.S. state of Alaska and runs for 152 miles (245 km) from Fox, located about 10 miles (16 km) north of Fairbanks, to Manley Hot Springs. + += = = Three-banded tree frog = = = +The three-banded tree frog ("Dendropsophus tritaeniatus") is a frog that lives in Mato Grosso in Brazil. + += = = Dendropsophus schubarti = = = +The Schubart's Rondonia tree frog ("Dendropsophus schubarti") is a frog that lives in Mato Grosso in Brazil. + += = = Radio 101.2 = = = +Radio 101.2 was a radio station in Belarus. It worked from Minsk. In 1995 and 1996, the radio station used the frequency 101.2 FM. It was sent news and had no connection to the government of Belarus. The people who worked at the Radio 101.2 mostly came from the radio station Belarusian Youth () that had been forced to go out of business. +Soros Foundation helped to buy the things for the new radio in 1995. The station was closed on formally technical reasons. Its frequency was handed over to the Belarusian Republican Youth Union, which still uses it today. The Belarussian government said that the radio station and its frequency were interfering with the radio communications of the Minsk police. Independent groups said that this was another form to stop the freedom of the press in Belarus by the government of Alexander Lukashenko. +Music judge Dzmitry Padbiarezski said in 2000 that the Belarusian radio 101.2 had high public interest because it played good music and its DJs were experts too. + += = = Menhit = = = +Menhit or Mehyt was an ancient Egyptian goddess. In the Early Dynastic period Egyptians drew and carved her to look like a lioness lying down with three bent poles coming out of her back. She is shown on many early dynastic sealings and ivory artifacts, usually next to a picture of an Upper Egyptian shrine. People worshiped her in Hierakonpolis and Thinis. + += = = Arkansas's 2nd congressional district = = = +Arkansas's 2nd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Arkansas. The district is in the middle of Arkansas. The state capital called Little Rock is in the district. The counties of Van Buren Conway, Perry, Saline, Pulaski, White, Faulkner are in this district. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. Republican French Hill became the representative in 2014 +Election history. +2018. +The 2018 election was held on November 6, 2018. + += = = Hugh Newell Jacobsen = = = +Hugh Newell Jacobsen (March 11, 1929 – March 4, 2021) was an American architect known for designing Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis' home in Martha's Vineyard during the 1980s. He also restored part of the U.S. Embassy in Paris, as well as Spaso House in Moscow. +Jacobsen was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan in March 1929. +Other best known works of Jacobsen included fixing the West Terrace of United States Capitol. He designed structures for universities such as Georgetown University, the University of Maryland (his alma mater), University of Michigan, and University of Oklahoma. +Jacobsen was elected into the National Academy of Design in 1988. +Jacobsen died on March 4, 2021, at an assisted living facility in Front Royal, Virginia from problems caused by pneumonia, a week before his 92nd birthday. + += = = Arkansas's 3rd congressional district = = = +Arkansas's 3rd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Arkansas. The district is in the northwest part of the state. The cities of Bentonville, Fayetteville, Springdale and Fort Smith are in the district. The district was made on March 4, 1863 but left the same day to join the Confederate States of America. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district was represented by a Republican from 1868 to 1874. A Democrat would represent the district from 1874 to 1967 and not Democrat has been the representative since then. The district has been represented by Steve Womack since 2010. + += = = Big Three television networks = = = +The Big Three television networks are the three biggest television networks in the United States that are still running. These networks are ABC, CBS, and NBC. The Big Three networks ruled over television in the United States until the 1990s. To this day, they are still considered major, long-lasting United States television networks. +Backgrounds. +NBC and CBS were both founded as radio networks in the 1920s. Later on, NBC would have two radio networks for the United States. These networks were the Red Network and the Blue Network. They soon began television stations in the 1930s. In 1943, the U.S. government noticed how unfair it was for NBC to have two networks. They forced NBC to sell one of their networks. NBC chose to sell the Blue Network. Later on, the Blue Network became the ABC. +The DuMont Television Network launched in 1944. The three networks once controlled a few television stations. After a while, they affiliated with other stations to cover almost the entire United States by the late 1950s. Most of these stations are affiliated somehow with all three major networks and DuMont in markets where only one or two television stations operated in the early years of commercial television. It made some TV shows hard to handle. As more stations signed on, ABC, NBC, and CBS could carry enough programming on one station. +DuMont did not have a radio network like ABC or CBS. During all this, the Mutual Broadcasting System had considered creating a TV network. They would have Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer make some of the programming. WOR-TV & WOIC were known as "Mutual Television." This is the only evidence of the television network. Mutual then bought a stake in the Overmyer Network in 1967. That network never succeeded. +Network competition. +Early years. +For most of television history, the Big Three controlled most of television. DuMont stopped airing in 1955. From 1961 to the early 1990s, there were only three networks. Every hit series and every feature movie was aired by one of the Big Three networks. +There were attempts to become the fourth network. But they never work out. The cost of starting a network, the difficulty of competing with the Big Three and broadcasting were common in the 1980s. The Big Three had just enough stations to defeat anyone who tried to be just like them. Those networks that could have had the chance to compete would shut down because of legal threats. +Fox. +An attempt for a fourth television network for the Big Three would not happen again until Fox was founded in October 1986. Fox became a fourth network in 1994 after a law forcing cable providers to add local stations was approved. The rules allowed Fox to become recognized by most audiences and become the fourth network. +Fox has beaten ABC and NBC in the ratings for its primetime programming. This made Fox become the second most-watched network behind CBS during the 2000s. From 2007 to 2008, Fox was the highest-rated of the big broadcast networks. Fox was even the first non-Big Three network to reach first place. From 2004 to 2012, Fox became known for its 18-49 demographic shows. Because of its success, it has been included with the Big Three. It was used with the term "Big Four." +Although Fox is known as the nation's fourth major network, it is not considered part of the Big Three. One reason being that Fox reduced its weekday programming. It does not have enough national morning and evening news programs. Fox does not feature any daytime programming, enough primetime, late-night talk shows, and Saturday morning children's programming. Fox had a block for children's programs in the 1990s called Fox Kids. However, it was sold to The Walt Disney Company in 2001 as part of Fox Family Channel. +Outside of prime time, Fox affiliates either make their programming or run syndicated shows. Fox also allows affiliates the option to air the Xploration Station block on Saturday mornings in place of the optional Weekend Marketplace infomercials block. +Fifth and sixth networks. +Other networks soon launched in an attempt to compete with the Big Three as well as Fox. However, these "netlets" were not as successful as Fox. The WB and UPN launched in 1995. Just like Fox, they both added nights of prime time programming a few years later. The WB was the only one that aired any on weekends. +Both networks only aired prime time and children's programming. The children's programming was the only form of weekday daytime programming offered by either one. UPN discontinued its children's programming in 2003 after a deal with Disney. After that, UPN aired sports events such as the XFL, as well as "WWF SmackDown!". +Although The WB and UPN both had some popular series during their time, they struggled from poor viewership and financial losses. It led their parent companies (Time Warner and CBS Corporation) to shut them down in 2006. They soon joined together in a joint venture called The CW. It originally had a mix of programs from their past networks. But they soon made new shows after the launch. +Fox launched MyNetworkTV at the same time as The CW, with a lineup of English language telenovelas. Later on, it shifted towards unscripted programs and movies. But because of low ratings, it led News Corporation to convert the channel into a syndication service in 2009. +PBS. +Like Fox, the PBS is not considered part of the Big Three networks. PBS is a noncommercial service with a different distribution model compared to the major networks. Its stations own the network rather than the network owning some of its stations and affiliating with additional stations owned by other broadcasters. It keeps memberships with more than one educational station. +Market share. +Today, the "Big Three" only control a small portion of the television market in the United States. It has suffered as a result of growing competition from other networks. Traditional networks such as Fox, The CW, and MyNetworkTV, Spanish language networks such as Univision and Telemundo, even national cable and satellite channels such as TNT, ESPN, and AMC, and web channels such as Netflix are sharing the space as well. + += = = Arkansas's 4th congressional district = = = +Arkansas's 4th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Arkansas. It is the southwest part of the state and is the largest district. The cities in the district are Camden, Hope, Hot Springs, Magnolia, Pine Bluff, and Texarkana. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. Republican Bruce Westerman became the representative in 2014 + += = = Mehrdad Ardeshi = = = +Mehrdad Ardeshi (, born January 1, 1979) is an Iranian chess International Master. He was born in Tehran, Iran. +He is also the coach of the Iranian Chess national youth team, and in 2020, won the third place in the held online in Georgia. +He is the chairman of the training committee of the Iranian Chess Federation, a member of the Iranian national team, and a participant in the World Chess Olympiad that It was the last year that Garry Kasparov was present. +Mehrdad Ardeshi is Champion of the West Asian Qualifiers, the first joint winner of the international competitions of the Fajr decade, two years champion of the Iranian Premier League with Bahman and Railway teams, 4 years individual champion of the Iranian Premier League. +He is also the uncle of Iranian filmmaker Danial Hajibarat. + += = = Chipping Sodbury = = = +Chipping Sodbury is an old market town, near Bristol, in England. It was founded in the 12th century, and has a long history. Today, about 6,000 people live in the city. + += = = California's 30th congressional district = = = +California's 30th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of California. It is San Fernando Valley in Los Angeles County, California. The cities in the district are: Bell Canyon, Canoga Park, Los Angeles, Chatsworth, Los Angeles, Encino, Los Angeles, Granada Hills, Los Angeles, Hidden Hills, Northridge, Los Angeles, Porter Ranch, Los Angeles, Reseda, Los Angeles, Santa Susana Field Laboratory, Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, Studio City, Los Angeles, Tarzana, Los Angeles, Toluca Lake, Los Angeles, West Hills, Los Angeles, Winnetka, Los Angeles, and Woodland Hills, Los Angeles. The people who live in the district elect a representative in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Democrat Brad Sherman. + += = = Kentucky's 1st congressional district = = = +Kentucky's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The district is in the western part of the state. The cities in the district are Henderson, Hopkinsville, Madisonville, Paducah and Murray. There are more people who like the Democratic Party than the Republican Party but the people who live in the district vote for more Republicans than Democrats. The district is currently represented in the United States House of Representatives by James Comer. + += = = Kentucky's 2nd congressional district = = = +Kentucky's 2nd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The district is in the middle part of the state. The cities in the district are Bowling Green, Owensboro, and Elizabethtown. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Brett Guthrie. In the district no incumbent representative has lost an election since 1884. + += = = 2020 Vermont gubernatorial election = = = +The 2020 Vermont gubernatorial election was an election in the U.S state of Vermont to decide the next governor of the state. The election was on November 3, 2020. The incumbent Republican Governor of Vermont, Phil Scott went against his lieutenant governor David Zuckerman who was part of the Vermont Progressive Party. Phil Scott did not run a campaign until the emergency of the COVID-19 pandemic in Vermont ended. He won the election in the biggest victory for a governor in Vermont since 1996. + += = = E. Marinella = = = +E. Marinella is an Italian necktie company founded by Eugenio Marinella in 1914 in Naples. +History. +In 1914 Eugenio Marinella open a shop in Naples. In the 1980s the name Marinella began to land outside the Italian borders thanks to the President of the Republic Francesco Cossiga who took the habit of bringing a box containing five Marinella ties as a gift to the heads of state on his official visits. +Clientele. +Politicians as Bill Clinton, Boris Yeltsin, Silvio Berlusconi, Jacques Chirac and Hosni Mubarak have worn Marinella ties, as have King Juan Carlos, Prince Charles, Gianni Agnelli and Albert II, Prince of Monaco. +Products. +In addition to ties, E. Marinella also sells bags, watches, cologne, accessories and cufflinks for men. Their line of women's products include bags, scarves, perfumes and accessories. + += = = Shakespeare's editors = = = +Shakespeare's editors were important in the making of producing printed books and the evolution of textual criticism. +Before the editors. +The 17th-century folio collections of the plays of William Shakespeare did not have editors. At the time, it was agreed that the plays included in the First Folio (1623) were to be gathered together or "compiled" by John Heminges and Henry Condell. They were two long-time coworkers of Shakespeare in the King's Men. The play manuscripts may have been proofread and prepared for printing by Edward Knight. He is the "book-keeper" or prompter of the company. The task of proofreading and correcting the actual printed pages of the Folio was left to the compositors and printers in the print-shop. +Not a lot is known about the making of the Second (1632), Third (1663–64), and Fourth Folios (1685). +The 18th century. +In the 18th century, some people made the first coordinated efforts to fix the problems that the Folios presented. +The 19th century. +The early 19th century saw the first Variorum editions of Shakespeare's works. These are editions that organized and combine the efforts of all the editors from the 18th century. The first edition edited by Isaac Reed released in 1803. The second edition released in 1813 changed a few things from the first. The third edition edited by James Boswell released in 1821. +These editions set the standards for professionally fixing works such as Shakespeare's works. The text was permanently set in the Cambridge edition. It was also set by the Globe edition (1864). It continued on by the New Cambridge edition in 1921. Now, all editions come mostly from this edition. +The Cambridge Shakespeare (1863–66), moved away from a single editor following his own instincts and judgments. The first volume of the Cambridge Shakespeare was edited by William George Clark and John Glover. And the later eight volumes by Clark and William Aldis Wright. Clark and Wright also created the single-volume Globe Shakespeare (1864) using their Cambridge texts. Together, these editions became the standard for a while. +The 20th century. +The most wonderful edition in the twentieth century was the Oxford Shakespeare. It was edited by Stanley Wells and Gary Taylor. It looks to show the scripts as they were originally written. + += = = The Counterfeit Plan = = = +The Counterfeit Plan is a 1957 British crime movie directed by Montgomery Tully and starring Zachary Scott, Peggie Castle, Mervyn Johns, Sydney Tafler, Lee Patterson, Eric Pohlmann, Robert Arden, Aubrey Dexter. + += = = Small Town Story (movie) = = = +Small Town Story is a 1953 British thriller movie directed by Montgomery Tully and starring Donald Houston, Susan Shaw, Alan Wheatley, Michael Balfour, Richard Wattis, Arthur Rigby, Denis Compton. + += = = Quiz Show (movie) = = = +Quiz Show is a 1994 American biographical drama movie directed by Robert Redford and was based on the 1988 novel "Remembering America: A Voice For the Sixties" by Richard N. Goodwin. It stars John Turturro, Ralph Fiennes, Rob Morrow, David Paymer, Hank Azaria, Paul Scofield, Mira Sorvino, Elizabeth Wilson, Griffin Dunne, Calista Flockhart, Carole Shelley, Martin Scorsese, Barry Levinson and was distributed by Buena Vista Pictures. It was nominated for 4 Academy Awards in 1995. + += = = Witness for the Prosecution = = = +Witness for the Prosecution is a 1957 American mystery movie directed by Billy Wilder and was based on the 1925 short story and 1953 play of the same name by Agatha Christie. It stars Tyrone Power, Marlene Dietrich, Elsa Lanchester, Charles Laughton, Henry Daniell, Ian Wolfe, Norma Varden, Torin Thatcher and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for 6 Academy Awards in 1958. + += = = For The Gambia Our Homeland = = = +"For the Gambia Our Homeland" is the national anthem of the Gambia. The words were written by Virginia Julia Howe and the music composed by Jeremy F. Howe. It is based on the traditional Mandinka song "Foday Kaba Dumbuya." It was adopted after an international competition to produce a state anthem (and flag) before the country declared independence in 1965. + += = = Pisatao = = = +Lainingthou Pishatao (), mononymously known as Pisatao (), is a primordial deity in Meitei mythology and religion. He is the god of craftsmen and architects. He is regarded as the divine personification of the ultimate reality, the abstract creative power inherent in deities, living and non living beings in the universe. +He is one of the divine manifestations of Supreme God Atingkok (Tengbanba Mapu). In many legends, he is one of the four Gods who control the four directions. +Historically, his pantheon was replaced by Vishwakarma of Hinduism. However, with the dedicated efforts of several organizations and associations including the "South East Asia Cultural Organisation" (SEACO), the status of his pantheon is reviving day by day in Manipur. + += = = New York State Right to Life Party = = = +The New York State Right to Life Party is a political party in the U.S. state of New York. The party was created in 1970 and has a task of trying stop abortion from happening in New York. They did not get their goal in 1970 and New York State allowed abortion but still are around today. The party tries to have their candidates win in elections in New York but they have never won before. They have tried to have their candidates win President, Governor of New York, and representatives. + += = = Fox, Alaska = = = +Fox is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska, United States. As of the 2020 census, 406 people live in Fox. + += = = Santa Cruz de la Palma = = = +Santa Cruz de la Palma is a municipality of 15,695 people (2020). It is found on the island of La Palma in the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife in the Canary Islands in Spain. +La Palma has "sister city" status with El Dorado Hills, California. + += = = Student Tour = = = +Student Tour is a 1934 American musical movie directed by Charles Reisner and starring Jimmy Durante, Charles Butterworth, Maxine Doyle, Phil Regan, Douglas Fowley, Nelson Eddy. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. + += = = Arenys de Munt = = = +Arenys de Munt is a municipality of 9,121 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Argentona = = = +Argentona is a municipality of 12,536 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Cabrera de Mar = = = +Cabrera de Mar is a municipality of 4,747 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Cabrils = = = +Cabrils is a municipality of 7,432 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Canet de Mar = = = +Canet de Mar is a municipality of 14,865 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Calldetenes = = = +Calldetenes is a municipality of 2,513 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Gorizia = = = +Gorizia (, ) is an Italian city in Friuli-Venezia Giulia. It is on the border with Slovenia. About 35,000 people live there. +Until 2017, it was the capital of the Province of Gorizia. + += = = Imperia = = = +Imperia is an Italian city in Liguria. It is the capital of the Province of Imperia. It has about 42,300 people. + += = = Aquileia = = = +Aquileia is an Italian city in Friuli-Venezia Giulia. It has about 3,500 people. + += = = Thrill of a Lifetime = = = +Thrill of a Lifetime is a 1937 American comedy movie directed by George Archainbaud and starring James V. Kern, Charles Adler, George Kelly, Billy Mann, Judy Canova, Ben Blue, Eleanore Whitney. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Mouais = = = +Mouais is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Saint-Même-le-Tenu = = = +Saint-Même-le-Tenu is a former commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Machecoul-Saint-Même. + += = = Machecoul-Saint-Même = = = +Machecoul-Saint-Même is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Machecoul (the seat) and Saint-Même-le-Tenu. + += = = Les Moutiers-en-Retz = = = +Les Moutiers-en-Retz is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Mouzeil = = = +Mouzeil is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Mouzillon = = = +Mouzillon is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Christopher Benjamin = = = +Christopher Benjamin (born 27 December 1934) is an English actor with many stage and television credits since the 1960s. His television roles include three appearances in "Doctor Who", portraying Sir Keith Gold in "Inferno" (1970), Henry Gordon Jago in "The Talons of Weng-Chiang" (1977) and Colonel Hugh Curbishley in "The Unicorn and the Wasp" (2008). He also provided the voice of Rowf in the animated film "The Plague Dogs" (1982). + += = = Benny Hinn = = = +Toufik Benedictus "Benny" Hinn (born 3 December 1952) is an American-Canadian televangelist, best known for his regular "Miracle Crusades"—revival meeting or faith healing summits that are usually held in stadiums in major cities, which are later broadcast worldwide on his television program, "This Is Your Day". + += = = Aldsworth = = = +Aldsworth is a village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England. The population is almost 50% percent males and 50% females (169 males and 174 females).. About 207 of the residents fall within the 18-64 age range. A vast majority of the population is Christian and caucasion. + += = = Ballard, Utah = = = +Ballard is a town in Uintah County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 1,131 people live in Ballard. + += = = Notre-Dame-des-Landes = = = +Notre-Dame-des-Landes is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Pont-Audemer Spaniel = = = +The Pont-Audemer Spaniel (or Epagneul Pont-Audemer in French) is a medium size, rare breed of gundog, belonging to the type called spaniels. +History. +These dogs were first bred for hunting in France in the 1800s. +Colour. +They are usually a dark brown colour called "Liver" +Temper. +Pont-Audemer Spaniels are usually gentle and easy to train, they are fun loving dogs and in France have the name "le petit clown des marais", which means "the little clown of the marshes". + += = = The Silence of Neto = = = +The Silence of Neto () is a 1994 Guatemalan American drama movie directed by Luis Argueta and starring Julio Diaz, Herbert Meneses, Óscar Javier Almengor. + += = = Marigolds in August (movie) = = = +Marigolds in August is a 1980 South African drama movie directed by Ross Devenish and was based on the play of the same name by Athol Fugard (who also stars). It also stars Winston Ntshona, John Kani, Joyce Hesha, Mabel Ntshinga. + += = = Nokia 3310 = = = +"This is about the original phone. For the 2017 edition, see Nokia 3310 (2017)." +Nokia 3310 is a GSM mobile phone. It was developed by the Nokia Corporation and launched in September 1999 at the Mobile World Congress. The worldwide release was on September 1st, 2000. +History. +The Nokia 3310 was announced by the Nokia Corporation in September 1999 at the Mobile World Congress. +Nokia 3310 2017 version. +The new Nokia 3310 2017 Edition was announced at the 2013 Mobile World Congress. The Nokia 3310 was remade in 2017. +New features included a 2.4” polarized and curved color screen, 3G connectivity, Bluetooth 3.0, and an updated version of the Snake game. +Design. +The Nokia 3310 was renamed to "Gresso 3310" by Risso Kwan in January 1999. The Nokia 3310 changed to Gresso Titanium. The design ensures Nokia 3310 support worldwide. + += = = Tautiška giesmė = = = +"Lithuania, Our Homeland" is the national anthem of Lithuania. The words of the song were made by a Lithuanian named Vincas Kudirka, and the melody of the song was also made by him. +The words of the song are based on a fifty-word poem written by Kudirka about the Baltic country of Lithuania in general. The national anthem is basically a shortened version of that poem. Shortly before his death in 1899, the anthem was performed for the first time. + += = = Endgame (video game) = = = +Endgame is a 2002 video game of a rail-shooter, release exclusive on PlayStation 2. It was published by Empire Interactive, and developed by Cunning Developments. + += = = 1949 (library) = = = +1949 or 1949Books is a feminist library in Yopougon, a neighborhood of Abidjan. It was founded in 2020 by Edwige-Renée Dro during Women's History Month. The library is named 1949 because women in Ivory Coast had two important protests against colonialism that year. It focuses on collecting books by women from Africa and the black diaspora. + += = = Canon, Georgia = = = +Canon is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is in both Franklin and Hart counties. + += = = Atari CX40 joystick = = = +The Atari CX40 is a single-button joystick. It was the first widely used cross-platform game controller. The original CX10 was released with the Atari Video Computer System (later renamed the Atari 2600) in 1977 and became the primary input device for most games on the platform. The CX10 was replaced after a year by a simpler and less expensive CX40. The addition of the Atari joystick port to other platforms helped it retain its popularity. It was the standard for the Atari 8-bit family of home computers and was compatible with the VIC-20, Commodore 64 and 128, MSX, and later the Atari ST and Amiga. Third-party adapters allowed it to be used on other systems, such as the Apple II and the ZX Spectrum. + += = = Atari joystick port = = = +The Atari joystick port is a computer port used to connect various gaming controllers to game console and home computer systems in the 1970s to the 1990s. It was originally introduced on the Atari 2600 in 1977 and then used on the Atari 400 and 800 in 1979. It went cross-platform with the Commodore VIC-20 of 1981, and was then used on many following machines from both companies, as well as a growing list of 3rd party machines like the MSX platform and various Sega consoles. + += = = Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu = = = +"Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu" (; "O God, of all Creation") is the national anthem of Kenya. It was one of the first national anthems to be written especially to be a national anthem. It was written by the Kenyan Anthem Commission in 1963 after independence from the United Kingdom. They wanted the words to show the deepest beliefs and the highest hopes of the people of Kenya. + += = = Downforce = = = +Downforce is a racing video game for PlayStation 2 and Game Boy Advance. It was published by Titus Interactive, and developed by Smart Dog. + += = = Soma Ishigamori = = = + is a Japanese football player. +Biography. +Ishigamori was born in Hachinohe on July 1, 2001. He joined J3 League club Vanraure Hachinohe from their youth team in 2019. He played 3 matches until 2020. +Statistics. +3||0||0||0||0||0||3||0 +3||0||0||0||0||0||3||0 + += = = Kilimanjaro Region = = = +Kilimanjaro Region is one of the 31 regions of Tanzania. The regional capital is Moshi. According to the 2012 national census, 1,640,087 people lived there. + += = = Khamba (disambiguation) = = = +Khamba may refer to the following: + += = = Khuman = = = +Khuman may refer to: + += = = Moirang = = = +Moirang (), also spelt as Moilang (), is a small town and an assembly constituency, in Bishnupur district in the Indian state of Manipur. It is the traditional centre of Meitei culture. An ancient temple dedicated to the pre-Hindu deity Thangjing is one of the most important historic sites in Moirang. It is one of the most visited tourist destinations in Northeast India. Moirang is the first place in Indian soil where the tricolor National Flag of India was hoisted for the first time. The INA War Museum and the INA Martyrs' Memorial Complex were developed to recall and show respect for the roles of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose and his Indian National Army to the Indian Freedom Struggle. + += = = Moirang (disambiguation) = = = +Moirang may refer to: + += = = FC Aarau = = = +FC Aarau is a Swiss football club which plays in Aarau. + += = = FC Thun = = = +FC Thun ("Fussballclub Thun 1898") is a Swiss football club based in Thun which plays in the Swiss Challenge League. + += = = Let's Go Places = = = +Let's Go Places is a 1930 American musical movie directed by Frank R. Strayer and starring Joseph Wagstaff, Lola Lane, Sharon Lynn, Frank Richardson, Walter Catlett, Dixie Lee, Ilka Chase, Larry Steers. It was distributed by Fox Film. + += = = What Price Innocence? = = = +What Price Innocence? is a 1933 American drama movie directed by Willard Mack (who also stars) and starring Jean Parker, Minna Gombell, Betty Grable, Bryant Washburn, Ben Alexander, Louise Beavers. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures. + += = = While the Sun Shines = = = +While the Sun Shines is a 1947 British comedy movie directed by Anthony Asquith and was based on the 1943 play of the same name by Terence Rattigan. It stars Barbara White, Ronald Squire, Brenda Bruce, Bonar Colleano and Michael Allan. + += = = Stalowa Wola = = = +Stalowa Wola is a city in Subcarpathian Voivodeship in Poland. In 2020, 60,179 people lived there. + += = = Evangelos Venizelos = = = +Evangelos Venizelos (; born 1 January 1957) is a Greek lawyer and politician. He has been a member of the PASOK party. He has been a member of the Greek Parliament since 1993, holding different offices. Between 2012 and 2015, he was head of PASOK. + += = = Lubin = = = +Lubin (, ) is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. In 2020, 72,142 people lived there. + += = = Kyzyl = = = +Kyzyl (Tuvan and ) is a city in Russia. It is the capital of the Tuvan Republic. Its name comes from the Tuvan word for 'red' or 'crimson'. Population: +It used to be called Belotsarsk until 1918 and Khem-Beldyr until 1926. + += = = Celestial mechanics = = = +Celestial mechanics is a part of astronomy that looks at the movement of the objects in the sky, and tries to find models to describe and explain these movements. The objects described include stars and planets, and also comets, and other similar objects. +The mathematics of celestial mechanics include spherical geometry, trigonometry and Newton's laws of motion. +History. +The first known examples of celestial mechanics are from Mesopotamia, around 3000 BC. The Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa is a record of observations about the planet Venus. The tablet also describes the finding that solar and lunar eclipses are periodic events. +About the same time, ancient Egyptians found the length of the solar year to be 365.25 days. In Europe, this figure was in used until the Gregorian calendar was introduced in the 16th century. +At the same time, Eratosthenes worked out that the radius of the Earth was 252.000 stadia, or 50 times the distance between Alexandria and Aswan. This value is . It is very close to the real value of at the equator. +In the 2nd century BC, Hipparchus calculated the distance between the Earth and the Moon to be 30 times the diameter of the Earth. This value is also very close to the modern one. +In the 17th century, Johannes Kepler observed the motion of planets in the sky. He created three laws of planetary motion that described their orbits. + += = = A Circle of Deception = = = +A Circle of Deception is a 1960 British World War II movie directed by Jack Lee and was based on the 1953 short story "Small Back Room in St. Marylebone" by Alec Waugh. It stars Bradford Dillman, Suzy Parker, Harry Andrews, Robert Stephens, Ronald Allen, John Welsh, Martin Boddey, Charles Lloyd-Peck and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Noyal-sur-Brutz = = = +Noyal-sur-Brutz is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Faenza = = = +Faenza is an Italian city in Emilia-Romagna. It has about 58,000 people lived there. + += = = Meitei = = = +Meitei may refer to: + += = = Meetei = = = +Meetei may refer to: + += = = Stresa = = = +Stresa is a "comune" in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in Piedmont, Italy. + += = = Salome Samadashvili = = = +Salome Samadashvili (; born 2 April 1976) is a Georgian politician who is a United National Movement Member of the Parliament of Georgia. She was member of Parliament of Georgia three times (2004, 2016, 2020). + += = = Manipuri = = = +Manipuri may refer to: + += = = Moilang (disambiguation) = = = +Moilang may refer to: + += = = Oudon = = = +Oudon is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Alexander Dennis = = = +Alexander Dennis is a British bus and coach maker, based in Larbert, Scotland. It has made buses and coaches since 2001 +Products. +Previous. +Fire appliance (Chassis and crew cab). +TransBus/Alexander Dennis built fire-fighting vehicles until 2007. The bodywork on a majority of the chassis are built by a neighbouring company, John Dennis Coachbuilders Limited. + += = = Paimbœuf = = = +Paimbœuf is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Le Pallet = = = +Le Pallet is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Pannecé = = = +Pannecé is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = North Carolina's 1st congressional district = = = +North Carolina's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in North Carolina. Democrat G. K. Butterfield is the representative for the district. + += = = Paulx = = = +Paulx is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Champigny-sur-Marne = = = +Champigny-sur-Marne is a commune of 77,039 people (2018). It is in the Val-de-Marne department in France. + += = = Bokermann's tree frog = = = +Bokermann's tree frog ("Dendropsophus novaisi") is a frog that lives in three different places in Brazil. + += = = Creil = = = +Creil is a commune. It is in the Oise department in the north of France. + += = = Clermont, Oise = = = +Clermont is a commune. It is in the Oise department in north France. + += = = Le Pellerin = = = +Le Pellerin is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Saint-Brevin-les-Pins = = = +Saint-Brevin-les-Pins is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Big Wells, Texas = = = +Big Wells is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Asherton, Texas = = = +Asherton is a city in Dimmit County, Texas, United States. The population was 722 at the 2020 census. + += = = Wake Village, Texas = = = +Wake Village is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Hooks, Texas = = = +Hooks is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Boana = = = +Boana is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. They are called gladiator frogs, gladiator treefrogs or Wagler Neotropical treefrogs. These frogs live in tropical Central and South America from Nicaragua to Argentina. They also live in the Caribbean, in Trinidad and Tobago. +For a while, scientists thought using this genus was a mistake. They started using it again after taking a long look again at Hylidae. They decided that about 70 species that they had put in the genus "Hyla" should be in "Boana" instead. Since then, scientists have written reports about many newly discovered "Boana" species. +Species. +As of April 2020, there are 95 species of frogs in this genus: +"Hyla palliata" and "Hypsiboas hypselops" are also listed in this article because scientists are not sure about them. + += = = Leary, Texas = = = +Leary is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Woonsocket, Rhode Island = = = +Woonsocket is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. As of the 2020 census, 43,240 people live in Woonsocket. + += = = Davy Medal = = = +The Davy Medal is given by the Royal Society of London "for an outstandingly important recent discovery in any branch of chemistry". The medal is named after Humphry Davy. The medal is given with money. The amount you would be given was £1000 but it is now £2000. +History. +The medal was first given in 1877 to Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff "for their researches & discoveries in spectrum analysis", and has since been given 140 times. The medal is given yearly and, unlike other Royal Society medals (such as the Hughes), has always been given every year without a break. +On 1882, it was given to Dmitri Mendeleev and Julius Lothar Meyer "for their discovery of the periodic relations of the atomic weights". +The 2020 award was to Ben G. Davis for "inventing powerful chemical methods that... manipulate complex biological molecules" (etc). +List of recipients. +Source: Royal Society + += = = Alisma = = = +Alisma is a botanical genus in the family Alismataceae. + += = = Islam in France = = = +Islam is the second religion in France, behind only Christianity. Muslims in France are mostly migrants from Algeria and Morocco, and a little bit from Turkey. Muslims are about 8 to 12% of the population. The Mayotte region outside of Greater France has a majority Muslim population. + += = = Henry Dunster = = = +Henry Dunster (November 26, 1609 (baptized) – February 27, 1658/59) was an Anglo-American Puritan clergyman and the first president of Harvard College. +Education. +He holds a bachelor's degree (1630) and his master's degree (1634) and taught at Magdalene. + += = = Harold Widom = = = +Harold Widom (September 23, 1932 – January 20, 2021) was an American mathematician. He was best known for his works to operator theory and random matrices. He was appointed to the Department of Mathematics at the University of California, Santa Cruz in 1968 and became professor emeritus in 1994. He was born in Newark, New Jersey. +In 2006, Widom became a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. +Widom died on January 20, 2021 at the age of 88. + += = = Mont-Dauphin = = = +Mont-Dauphin is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +It is known for the Fortress of Mont-Dauphin. The fortress was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2008. +Transport. +Road. +The D137 and D137T roads pass through the commune. + += = = Eygliers = = = +Eygliers is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Transport. +Road. +The D37, D37L, D137, D137T, D237, D337, D902 and N94 roads pass through the commune. +Rail. +The commune has a railway station called Montdauphin-Guillestre. + += = = Marie Harmon = = = +Marie Harmon (October 21, 1923 – January 25, 2021) was an American actress and businesswoman. She worked mainly in the 1940s during the Golden Age of Hollywood. She was best known for her lead role in the 1946 American Western movie "The El Paso Kid". Her first movie role was in the 1943 movie "Hers to Hold". Harmon was born in Oak Park, Illinois. +Harmon died in Los Angeles on January 25, 2021 of natural causes at the age of 97. + += = = La Faurie = = = +La Faurie is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Transport. +Road. +The D28, D428 and D1075 (E712) roads pass through the commune. + += = = La Fare-en-Champsaur = = = +La Fare-en-Champsaur is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Population. +Transport. +Road. +The D17, D217, D945 and N85 roads pass through the commune. + += = = Windows Phone 8.1 = = = +Windows Phone 8.1 is the third release for Windows Phone was released in winter 2013, Microsoft reach developed for Windows Phone 8.1 in the most for Windows 8.1, was released for public on July 15, 2014, after the end of support was until July 11, 2017. Microsoft until no support for security updates for Windows Phone 8.1, they have released in 2014, also Windows Phone 8.1 can upgrade to Windows 10 Mobile, by USB cable computer for Windows 10 Update. +Development history. +On November 12, 2013. Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer have a reach Windows Phone 8.1 can release in winter 2013 (December 2013), was the final update for Windows Phone, but was re-released in April 2014, they have many running for the features codename is "Windows Phone Blue" was released on April 15, 2014, on April 16, 2014, Microsoft reach Cortana launched to Windows Phone Blue, has been the name for Microsoft, after release on April 2, 2014, from Microsoft website, on April 19, 2014, Microsoft notification the security update was released for Windows Phone Blue, launched for Defender phones device. +Leaked internet. +On April 21, 2014. The version Windows Phone Blue was leaked for the Google website, Internet Explorer app, and Windows Phone Store, the all device for phone GB was leaked for the website, on April 23, 2014. Windows Live Search for Internet Explorer app is leaked for the Google Search, the SkyDrive and all features can be leaked until April 30, 2014, also Office app can download in until May 1, 2014, in the leaked. +Support until version. +On May 25, 2014, Microsoft gets a security update for people who uses Windows Phone Blue can change them until version Update 1, also the next version is Windows Phone 8, which was current until May 31, 2014, and June 1, 2014. On June 15, 2014, the codename Windows Phone Blue was changed names is Windows Phone 8.1 official released, why people use Windows Phone 8.1, on June 27, 2014, Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer and Chairman Joe Belfiore reaches the Windows Phone 8.1 can release launch on July 15, 2014. The final month for version Windows Phone 8 end security update 1, was until on July 8, 2014, on July 18, 2014, after release, Microsoft reaches release Update 1 until after July 2014. +New features. +Cortana. +Cortana is the virtual assistant for Microsoft, was launched for Windows Phone 8.1 until April 16, 2014, at the Windows Phone Shop, from the Joe Belfiore, Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer, was the business and enterprise in Cortana assistant, Cortana can talk to the voice for the people, can respond to "Hey Cortana" for Windows Phone 8.1, they have talk screen look like for Windows 10, in the Chinese, her name is "Xiao Na", is the Cortana names for the Chinese write this names, also the good virtual assistant can ask by the voice, Cortana can make your people find anything for the app, finding your home, and open app, was the good job app Cortana. +Action Center. +Action Center is the news features can reach launched for Windows Phone 8.1, also most be the news update for Xbox One app can be used for Windows Phone 8.1, in the Action Center, have no tablet mode, is the internet connection has just for the Start buttons, in the virtual phone has to be deleted Action Center was similar for Windows 10. +Hardware. +Hardware for Windows Phone 8.1 was the leaked number for RAM is 512MB, or 256MB for 32-bit ARM architectures, in the size for phone can until for 15,4cm or the next is 28m, in the first phones, has been a 256MB leaked another. +The Windows Phone 8.1 can download for 198MB and 298MB for the least upgraded for Windows Phone 7 and Windows Phone 8, in ended support was taken for 256MB RAM has been freed on January 18, 2015. +Awards and support. +On April 10, 2015. Microsoft released the Windows Phone 8.1 build 15116, which was the first build number for Microsoft, in awards can reach 100 thousand for phones, on May 15, 2015. Microsoft reaches Windows Phone 8.1 can be launched for Microsoft Lumia and Microsoft Mobiles, on June 29, 2015. Security Update for Windows Phone 8.1 has been a free update for Microsoft, a year later for ended support, on August 18, 2015. Microsoft has news notification the Windows Phone 8.1 has been ended for support until July 2017, after release in 2014, they have no support for Windows Phone 8.1 and security update, Microsoft reaches the upgrade update for Windows Phone 8.1 to Windows 10 Mobile, was free upgraded until July 12, 2017, after the end of support, on July 19, 2017. Microsoft has the free upgraded Windows 10 Mobile for Windows Phone 8.1 from the Microsoft website after the service has been ended for Windows Phone 8.1. +After ended support later. +In August 2017, Microsoft have the notification in news Windows 10 Mobile build 10159 have the news name based on Windows Phone 8.1, has been similar to the news update from the Windows Phone Store, the upgrade can until and buy Windows 10 Mobile can sale beginning on October 10, 2017, Microsoft CEO launched the 3 device phone for Windows 10 Mobile after the end of support for Windows Phone 8.1, on December 13, 2017. Microsoft update security for Windows 10 Mobile, and monthly rollup phone for Windows Phone 8.1 support. + += = = Stephan P. Mickle = = = +Stephan P. Mickle (June 18, 1944 – January 26, 2021) was an American politician and lawyer. He was the Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida from 1998 until his death. He was chief justice of the court from 2009 to 2011. Mickle was nominated to the court by President Bill Clinton. Mickle was born in New York City. +Mickle died on January 26, 2021 in Gainesville, Florida at the age of 76. + += = = Flavio Alfaro = = = +Flavio Roman Alfaro (October 26, 1961January 27, 2021) was an American baseball shortstop and second baseman. He played one season of Minor League Baseball. He was known for being a member of the U.S. baseball team at the 1984 Summer Olympics that won a silver medal. Alfaro was born in Los Angeles. +Alfaro died on January 27, 2021 from pancreatic cancer, aged 59. + += = = Avançon, Hautes-Alpes = = = +Avançon is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Transport. +Road. +The D6, D6B, D11, D11A, D111 and D942 roads pass through the commune. + += = = Théus = = = +Théus is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Transport. +Road. +The D53, D53T, D900B and D951 roads pass through the commune. + += = = Carmen Vázquez = = = +Carmen Vázquez (January 14, 1949 – January 27, 2021) was a Puerto Rican activist and writer. +Born in Puerto Rico, she was raised in New York City. +Vázquez co-founded The Women's Building, became the Executive Director of the National Network for Immigrant and Refugee Rights and then the Coordinator of Lesbian and Gay Health Services for the San Francisco Department of Public Health. +She was also the co-founder and co-chair of Somos Hermanas. +Vázquez died on January 27, 2021 of COVID-19 in New York City, aged 71. + += = = Miguel Celdrán = = = +Miguel Ángel Celdrán Matute (4 March 1940 – 28 January 2021) was a Spanish politician. He was a member of the People's Party. Celdrán was born in Badajoz, Spain. He was a member of the Senate of Spain in 2000 and again from 2004 to 2007. +Celdrán died on 28 January 2021 in Badajoz at the age of 80. + += = = Kathleen Ann Goonan = = = +Kathleen Ann Goonan (May 14, 1952 – January 28, 2021) was an American science fiction writer. +Many of her books have been nominated for the Nebula Award. Her first novel "Queen City Jazz" was a "New York Times" Notable Book of the Year. Her novel "In War Times" was chosen by the American Library Association as Best Science Fiction Novel in 2008. Goonan was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. +Goonan died on January 28, 2021 from bone cancer, aged 68. +References. + += = = Wang Shouguan = = = +Wang Shouguan (; 15 January 1923 – 28 January 2021) was a Chinese astronomer. He was President of the . He was known as one of the founders of modern astrophysics and radio astronomy in China. He was a delegate to the National People's Congress from 1977 to 1994. In 1980, he became a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Wang was born in Fuzhou, China. +Wang died on 28 January 2021 in Beijing, aged 98. + += = = Fuzhou = = = +Fuzhou or Foochow is the capital and one of the largest cities in Fujian province, China. + += = = Meshulam Dovid Soloveitchik = = = +Meshulam Dovid Soloveitchik (October 21, 1921 – January 31, 2021) (), also known as Reb Dovid or Rav Dovid; was a Haredi rabbi and rosh yeshiva of one of the branches of the Brisk yeshivas from 1959 until his death. He was born in Brest, Belarus. +Soloveitchik died on January 31, 2021 from COVID-19 in Jerusalem, aged 99. + += = = Beatriz Barba = = = +Beatriz Barba Ahuactzin (16 September 1928 – 29 January 2021) was a Mexican academic, anthropologist and archaeologist. She was a member of the National System of Researchers from 1985. She was a member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences. +Barba died on 29 January 2021, aged 92. + += = = Mexican Academy of Sciences = = = +The Mexican Academy of Sciences "(Academia Mexicana de Ciencias)" is a non-profit organization made-up of over 1,800 Mexican scientists. It is in Mexico City. + += = = John Chaney (basketball, born 1932) = = = +John Chaney (January 21, 1932 – January 29, 2021) was an American college basketball coach. He was best known for his coaching at Temple University from 1982 through 2006. He was honored into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2001 and the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame in 2006. Chaney was born in Jacksonville, Florida. +Chaney died on January 29, 2021, at the age of 89 after a short-illness. + += = = Temple University = = = +Temple University (Temple or TU) is a state-related public research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1884 by the Baptist minister Russell Conwell. +On May 12, 1888, it was renamed the Temple College of Philadelphia. In 1907, it became a research university. + += = = Yvon Douis = = = +Yvon Douis (16 May 1935 – 28 January 2021) was a French international footballer. He played as a striker. Douis was born in Les Andelys, France. During his career he played for Lille OSC, Le Havre AC, AS Monaco and AS Cannes. He made twenty appearances for the France national football team between 1957 and 1965. +Douis died of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in France in Nice, aged 85. + += = = Grady Gaines = = = +Grady Gaines (May 14, 1934 – January 29, 2021) was an American electric and jazz blues tenor saxophonist. He performed and recorded with Little Richard in the 1950s. He played with other musicians such as Dee Clark, Little Willie John, Sam Cooke, James Brown, Jackie Wilson, and Joe Tex. He released three albums. +Gaines died on January 29, 2021 in Houston at the age of 86. + += = = Aminul Islam Mintu = = = +Aminul Islam Mintu ( – 18 December 2020) is a Bangladeshi movie editor and musician. +Biography. +In his career, he was awarded 4 times Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Editing for the movies "Aghat" (1986), "Opekkha" (1987), "Goriber Bou" (1990), and "Ajante" (1996). +Awards and nominations. +National Film Awards + += = = Roy Gaines = = = +Roy James Gaines (August 12, 1934 – August 11, 2021) was an American Texas blues and electric blues guitarist and singer-songwriter. He wrote and recorded the song "A Hell of a Night" in 1982. He was the younger brother of the blues musician Grady Gaines. +Gaines died on August 11, 2021, a day before his 84th birthday. + += = = Waskom, Texas = = = +Waskom is a city in the U.S. state of Texas with 1,910 people living here in 2020. It is located in Harrison County, Texas in the United States. It is about east of the county seat, Marshall. + += = = Hilton Valentine = = = +Hilton Stewart Paterson Valentine (21 May 194329 January 2021) was an English musician and songwriter. He was the original guitarist in The Animals. He was born in North Shields, Northumberland. In 1994, he was added into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. +Valentine died on 29 January 2021 in Connecticut, aged 77. + += = = József Csatári = = = +József Csatári (17 December 1943 – 30 January 2021) was a Hungarian wrestler. He was born in Budapest. He was Olympic bronze medalist in Freestyle wrestling in 1968 and in 1972. He won a silver medal at the 1970 World Wrestling Championships. +Csatári died on 30 January 2021 at the age of 77. + += = = Wilhelm Knabe = = = +Wilhelm Knabe (8 October 1923 – 30 January 2021) was a German ecologist and politician. He was a co-founder of the Green Party in Germany. Knabe was a Member of the Bundestag from 1987 until 1990. He was vice mayor of the city of Mülheim from 1994 to 1999. Knabe was born in Arnsdorf, Saxony. +Knabe died on 30 January 2021, aged 97. + += = = Alfreda Markowska = = = +Alfreda Noncia Markowska (May 10, 1926 – January 30, 2021) was from Poland and belonged to the Romani people activist and Holocaust survivor. During World War II, she saved about fifty Jewish and Roma children from death in the Holocaust and the Porajmos genocide. She was born in Stanisławów, Poland. +In October 2006, Alfreda Markowska was awarded the Commander's Cross with Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta for saving Jewish and Roma children during World War II. Then-President of Poland Lech Kaczyński thanked her for her "heroism and uncommon bravery, for exceptional merit in saving human lives". +Markowska died on 30 January 2021, at the age of 94. + += = = Pantelei Sandulache = = = +Pantelei Sandulache (1956 – 30 January 2021) was a Moldovan politician. He was a Member of Parliament between 1990 and 1994. +Sandulache died on 30 January 2021, aged 64. + += = = Turki bin Nasser Al Saud = = = +Turki bin Nasser Al Saud (14 April 1948 – 30 January 2021) was a Saudi prince, businessman and military officer. He was the head of the presidency of meteorology and environment in Saudi Arabia and a member of House of Saud. He was born in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Prince Turki began to serve as deputy commander at the Royal Saudi Air Force in 1996 and became a commander with the rank of general at the Force. +In November 2017, Saud was arrested in a corruption. +Turki bin Nasser died on 30 January 2021 in Riyadh, aged 72. + += = = Alla Yoshpe = = = +Alla Yakovlevna Ioshpe (Yoshpe) (; 13 June 1937 – 30 January 2021) was a Soviet-Russian pop singer. She was honored with a People's Artist of the Russian Federation in 2002. She was born in Moscow. In 1960, at a university event, she met Stakhan Rakhimov. They formed a pop duo. +Yoshpe died on 30 January 2021 in Moscow, aged 83. + += = = Stahan Rakhimov = = = +Stahan Mamadzhanovich Rakhimov (, ; born in December 17, 1937) is a Soviet Uzbek and Russian singer. He was honored with the People's Artist of Russia in 2002. He was born in Andijan, Uzbekistan. He is known for forming a pop duo with singer Alla Yoshpe. + += = = Michel Murr = = = +Michel Murr (, 29 September 1932 – 31 January 2021) was a Lebanese politician and businessman. He was born in Metn, Greater Lebanon. From 1990 to 2000, Murr was the Ministry of Interior and Municipalitie during the Elias Hrawi and Émile Lahoud presidencies. +Murr died in Beirut from COVID-19 on 31 January 2021, aged 88. + += = = Elias Hrawi = = = +Elias Hrawi (, 4 September 1926 – 7 July 2006) was a Lebanese politician. He was the President of Lebanon from 1989 to 1998. +Hrawi died of cancer at the American University Hospital in Beirut on 7 July 2006, aged 79. + += = = Andrej Hryc = = = +Andrej Hryc (30 November 1949 – 31 January 2021) was a Slovak actor. He appeared in more than fifty movies from 1976 until his death. He was born in Bratislava, Slovakia. He was known for his roles in "Rivers of Babylon", "Habermann", "Příběh kmotra" and "Colette". +Hryc died on 31 January 2021 in Bratislava from leukaemia, aged 71. + += = = René Moawad = = = +René Moawad (; 17 April 1925 – 22 November 1989) was a Lebanese politician. He was elected as the 13th President of the Lebanese Republic for 18 days in 1989, from the 5th to 22nd of November; before his assassination by unknown people. + += = = Jollibee = = = +Jollibee is a fast-food chain brand in the Philippines. Jollibee has over 1,200 branches around the world. The restaurant mainly sells fried chicken and hamburgers. The company has 270 branches in the United States, Canada, Hong Kong, Macau, Brunei, Vietnam, Singapore, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Oman, Kuwait, Bahrain, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Jollibee is also the name of the mascot of the brand, who is a red bee. +History. +Jollibee started out in Manila in the late 1970s. By the mid 1980s, they became big and popular in the Philippines. Jollibee opened their first international branch in Singapore in 1984 and their first US location in Daly City, California in 1988. There are now over 1,200 Jollibee stores worldwide, mostly in areas where there are many Filipinos. Jollibee was started by Tony Tan Caktiong, the son of immigrants from southeast China, who rose from humble beginnings to become a self-made billionaire. Jollibee, a fast-food brand known worldwide, has become a Filipino success story. + += = = Le Bersac = = = +Le Bersac is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Transport. +Road. +The D21, D121 and D1075 (E712) roads pass through the commune. + += = = Savournon = = = +Savournon is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Transport. +Road. +The D21, D48 and D221 roads pass through the commune. + += = = Le Saix = = = +Le Saix is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Transport. +Road. +The D49, D49A and D249T roads pass through the commune. + += = = Saint-Sauveur, Hautes-Alpes = = = +Saint-Sauveur is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Transport. +Road. +The D39, D39A, D40 and D994D roads pass through the commune. + += = = Alabama's 5th congressional district = = = +Alabama's 5th congressional district is a U.S. congressional district in the state of Alabama. The people who live in the district elects a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district has the counties of Lauderdale, Limestone, Madison, Morgan and most of Jackson. The congressional district has been represented by Republican Mo Brooks since 2010. Brooks was elected in 2010 when he defeated Parker Griffith who was a Democrat but changed to Republican. + += = = The Red Shoes (1948 movie) = = = +The Red Shoes is a 1948 British musical drama movie directed by Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger and was based on the fairy tale of the same name by Hans Christian Andersen. It stars Anton Walbrook, Marius Goring, Moira Shearer, Robert Helpmann, Léonide Massine, Esmond Knight, Austin Trevor, Irene Browne and was distributed by General Film Distributors. It won 2 Academy Awards and was nominated for 3 others in 1949. + += = = Dissociation (psychology) = = = +Dissociation in psychology is an experience that involves a detachment/separation from reality. It is different from psychosis, psychosis is a loss of reality. It can describe many things. The mildest form of it involves things such as daydreaming. A less mild form of it involves altered states of consciousness. This is non-pathological, meaning it is not considered a disorder or mental illness. These forms are often a coping mechanism or defense mechanism. This means that they protect against stress. +When it becomes disruptive in a person's life, it becomes a mental illness. These mental illnesses are known as dissociative disorders. These include dissociative fugue, depersonalization-derealization disorder (DPDR), and dissociative identity disorder. They can be triggered by trauma, stress, drugs, or no known reason. Sometimes other mental illnesses can involve dissociation. These include acute stress disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and borderline personality disorder. + += = = Tennessee's 4th congressional district = = = +The 4th congressional district of Tennessee is a congressional district in the state of Tennessee. The district is represented by Republican Scott DesJarlais since 2011. The district is in southern Tennessee and has the counties of, Bedford, Bledsoe, Franklin, Grundy, Lincoln, Marion, Marshall, Meigs, Moore, Rhea, Rutherford, Sequatchie, and Warren. It also contains significant portions of Bradley, Maury, and Van Buren. + += = = Darío Ripoll = = = +Darío Ripoll Herrera (San Pedro Garza García; May 16 of 1970) is a actor Mexican of cinema, theater and television known as Luis SanRomán in the series Neighbors and the portrayed as Cardenas in Because love commands. +Career. +Darío Ripoll studied a Bachelor of Acting at the National School of Theater Art of the INBA. He has taken acting training courses and acting specialization in cinema, with the directors: Nacho Ortíz, Joaquin Bissner and Luis Felipe Tovar. +With more than 20 years of artistic career, he has participated in more than 15 theatrical works, among which stand out: " Invisible Cities, Just Let's Get Out, The Suspicious Truth, Theatrical Blood, The Man of La Mancha, Chicago the Musical, Los Miserables, One Eva and Two Louts, The Rebel Novice, The Wife's Game and Peter Pan. " +In cinema, his participation in the following feature films stands out: " 7 Days, The Librarian, Artificial Lights, The Just, Divine Confusion, The Last Death and Tooth for a Tooth. " +On television he has participated in soap operas such as: " The most beautiful ugly, I love Juan Querendón, Alma de Hierro, A lucky family " and in series such as " The Simulators, Thirteen Fears, Los Héroes del Norte, Hermanos y Detectives, Addicts , XY, Mujeres Asesinas 3, La Familia Peluche (third season), Neighbors " where he played Luis San Román (the bipolar) and his most recent participation in the telenovela "Because love commands" as Licenciado Cárdenas. +He also played the character of Guáson in the Spanish dubbing of the video game "". + += = = Romance on the High Seas = = = +Romance on the High Seas is a 1948 American romantic musical comedy movie directed by Michael Curtiz and starring Jack Carson, Janis Page, Don DeFore, Doris Day, Oscar Levant, Fortunio Bonanova, Eric Blore, Leslie Brooks. It was distributed by Warner Bros. and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1949. + += = = Blondie of the Follies = = = +Blondie of the Follies is a 1932 American comedy movie directed by Edmund Goulding and starring Marion Davies, Robert Montgomery, Billie Dove. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. + += = = Flóahreppur = = = +Flóahreppur is a municipality in southern Iceland. It is part of the Southern Region. In 2019, 667 people lived there. + += = = Sabadell = = = +Sabadell is a municipality of 216,759 people (2021). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Tomaszów Mazowiecki = = = +Tomaszów Mazowiecki is a town in Łódź Voivodeship in Poland. In 2019, 61,960 people lived there. + += = = Fomalhaut b = = = +Fomalhaut b is an object in the vicinity of the star Fomalhaut, about 25 light years away from us. The object was first postulated in 2008. In 2012, it could be observed for the first time. The nature of the object is unknown. While it was first thought to be an exoplanet, the opinion in 2021 is that it might be a dust cloud. + += = = The Pirate = = = +The Pirate is a 1948 American musical movie directed by Vincente Minnelli and was based on the 1942 play of the same name by S. N. Behrman. It stars Judy Garland, Gene Kelly, Walter Slezak, Gladys Cooper, Reginald Owen, George Zucco, Lester Allen, Lola Albright and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1949. + += = = The Emperor Waltz = = = +The Emperor Waltz is a 1948 American musical movie directed by Billy Wilder and starring Bing Crosby, Joan Fontaine, Roland Culver, Lucile Watson, Richard Haydn, Sig Ruman. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1949. + += = = Serial rapist = = = +A serial rapist is a person that commits several rapes. Some people rape different people, others rape the same person over and over again. + += = = Horseshoe Theory = = = +Horseshoe Theory is an idea in political science. It asserts that the far-right is more similar to the far-left than to the center-right and vice versa. Horseshoe Theory is often used as argument for centrism. +The name Horseshoe Theory comes from the idea that politics is not a straight line from left to right but bent like a horseshoe so that the two ends (the far-left and the far-right) share more similarities with each other than their moderate counterparts. +Philosopher Jean-Pierre Faye invented Horseshoe Theory after observation of Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union's joint invasion of Poland which started World War II. +Criticism. +Common criticism of Horseshoe Theory have often stated that politics are more complex than a simple scale between left and right, and many ideas the far-left follows are not followed by the far-right. Because of this, many experts, like Simon Choat, have said that Horseshoe Theory is false. + += = = Haane Manahi = = = +Haane Te Rauawa Manahi, DCM (28 September 1913 – 29 March 1986) was a Māori soldier from New Zealand. He fought in the Second World War. People wanted him to have the Victoria Cross (VC) for his work in the Tunisia campaign. He got the Distinguished Conduct Medal (DCM), which is lower than the VC. This made other soliders ask for Manahi's work to be more known. In 2007, he was given an award of an altar cloth, a sword to celebrate his work, and a letter from Queen Elizabeth II. +Manahi was born in Ohinemutu, New Zealand. He worked in manual labour. In November 1939, he joined the Māori Battalion. In 1941, he was part of the Battle of Greece and fought in the Battle of Crete. He was wounded in the Battle of Crete. After he was better, he fought in the Western Desert and the Tunisian campaign. Some people wanted him to get a VC because of his work at Takrouna. However, he was given a DCM in April 1943. +In June 1943, he came back to New Zealand after being gone for 3 months. He did not have to come back to the Māori Battalion if he did not want to. He was given a job as an inspector of traffic in 1946. He died in a traffic collision in 1986. After he died, a committee wanted the New Zealand Government to give him an award. This did not happen because the end of the Second World War was too long ago. + += = = Austrian Canadians = = = +Austrian Canadians (, ) are Canadian citizens who are of Austrian ancestry or Austrian-born people who reside in Canada. According to the 2016 Census there were 207,050 Canadians who claimed either full or partial Austrian ancestry. +Austrian Canadian communities can be found throughout the country but with a higher number mainly in Western Canada. + += = = 2021 Myanmar coup d'état = = = +On 1 February 2021, there was a coup d'état in Myanmar. Important leaders including State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi and President Win Myint were detained as the military (Tatmadaw) took control of the government. +History. +Myanmar (also known as Burma) has been under military rule before. General Ne Win led a coup in 1962. In 1988, many people protested against the military government because they were not happy with it. They wanted elections with many parties running so that normal people could change the government. The military killed many protestors.(3000-10000 as estimated). +Aung San Suu Kyi is the daughter of General Aung San, who helped free Burma from British rule. After 1988, she became a pro-democracy activist. In 1990, her party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), won the elections in a landslide. However, the government refused to say that her party won. +In 2011, Suu Kyi's party won the elections. However, she is not allowed to be president of the country because her family (her late husband Michael Aris and two sons) are British citizens. So she became State Counsellor, which is like a prime minister. +In 2020, there was an election in Myanmar. The NLD won the election but Tatmadaw accused that there was an election fraud and made a coup at the early morning of February 1st of 2021. However, the proof that there was a fraud is not found, so far and people believes that Tatmadaw made the coup because the generals wants to restart the military dictatorship which ended about 10 years ago. After coup, people protests began in the whole country with many people because they wanted their elected government back but Tatmadaw disagree and killed many protesting people (around 1000 estimated), which led the People Defensive War, the national wide armed resistance against the military regime, +Events. +Early in the morning of 1 February, Suu Kyi and other leaders in her party were taken away in a raid. Then the Internet and phone lines were cut off so that people could not talk to others inside or outside the countries. +Reactions. +A lot of leaders in other countries around the world said that they were really worried about what was going on in Burma. + += = = The Sea Hawk (1940 movie) = = = +The Sea Hawk is a 1940 American adventure movie directed by Michael Curtiz and starring Errol Flynn, Brenda Marshall, Claude Rains, Donald Crisp, Flora Robson, Henry Daniell, Una O'Connor, Montagu Love, Julien Mitchell, William Lundigan, Ellis Irving, Francis McDonald, Ian Keith, Alec Craig. It was distributed by Warner Bros and was nominated for 4 Academy Awards in 1941. + += = = National Foundation Day = = = +National Foundation Day (������, Kenkoku Kinen no Hi) is a national holiday in Japan celebrated annually on 11 February. It celebrates the legendary foundation of Japan, and the accession of its first emperor, Emperor Jimmu, at Kashihara gū. +History. +According to Shinto tradition, Emperor Jimmu ascended the throne in 660 BC. During the Meiji period, historians said this was 11 February 660 BC. +The holiday was celebrated for the first time in 1873 AD. They called it the National Empire Day. Historians believe that the Meiji government did this to make the Meiji Emperor look like a successor of Emperor Jimmu. The Meiji-era constitution was announced on February 11 1889. +After the occupation ended, nationalist groups in Japan tried to convince the government to bring back the holiday. After a few years, they did. They called it National Foundation Day instead of National Empire Day and removed most of the imperial imagery. +Today, some groups in Japan like National Foundation Day and other groups protest it because they think it is too close to the actions that led up to World War II. + += = = Arise, My Love = = = +Arise, My Love is a 1940 American romantic comedy movie directed by Mitchell Leisen and was based on the true story of Harold Edward Dahl. It stars Claudette Colbert, Ray Millard, Dennis O'Keefe, Walter Abel, Dick Purcell, George Zucco, Frank Puglia, Esther Dale, Aubrey Mather, Cliff Nazarro and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. It won an Academy Award in 1941 and was nominated for 3 others. + += = = Waterloo Bridge (1940 movie) = = = +Waterloo Bridge is a 1940 American drama movie directed by Mervyn LeRoy and is the second adaption of the 1930 play of the same name by Robert E. Sherwood. It stars Vivien Leigh, Robert Taylor, Virginia Field, C. Aubrey Smith, Janet Waldo, Steffi Duna, Lucile Watson and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1941. + += = = Lincoln Aviator = = = +The Lincoln Aviator is a luxury three-row middle-sized sport utility vehicle. It was first manufactured from 2003 to 2005. The Aviator is based on the Ford Explorer. +For the 2020 model year, the Aviator is a five-door crossover SUV. +The 2020 and beyond Aviator is made in Chicago, Illinois. + += = = Lincoln MKX = = = +The Lincoln MKX, also called Lincoln Nautilus, is a middle-sized sport utility vehicle. It is sold and marketed under the Lincoln division of the Ford Motor Company. The MKX is a five-door crossover. +The first generation MKX was produced from 2007–2015. The second generation is in production. +Lincoln is phasing out its use of "MK" model names. Lincoln MKX adopted the Nautilus name. + += = = Hit Parade of 1941 = = = +Hit Parade of 1941 is a 1940 American musical comedy movie directed by John H. Auer and starring Kenny Baker, Frances Langford, Hugh Herbert, Ann Miller, Patsy Kelly, Mary Boland. It was distributed by Republic Pictures and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1941. + += = = Myint Swe = = = +Myint Swe (; ; born 24 June 1951) is a Burmese politician. He is the Acting President of Myanmar (Burma). He is also the 3rd First Vice President of Myanmar. He was Acting President of Myanmar after the resignation of President Htin Kyaw on 21 March 2018. +Myint Swe was declared acting president after the coup d'état on 1 February 2021 and transferred power to Senior General Min Aung Hlaing. + += = = Min Aung Hlaing = = = +Min Aung Hlaing (; born 3 July 1956) is a Burmese army general. He became the 13th Prime Minister of Myanmar in 2021. He appointed himself as the Chairman of the State Administration Council since 2 February 2021. He has been accused of corruption many times during his military career. +In February 2021, he removed the elected government led by "de facto" leader Aung San Suu Kyi from power in a coup d'état on 1 February 2021. +He was Joint Chief of Staff of the Ministry of Defence from 2010 to 2011. He is also a member of the National Defence and Security Council (NDSC) chaired by the president of Myanmar. He was promoted to four-star General in 2011 and five-star General in 2013. +2020 election. +In November 2020, Min Aung Hlaing questioned if the results of the 2020 election were reliable. On 5 November, his military rank was promoted to be equal to that of Vice President of Myanmar. After voting in the 2020 election, Min Aung Hlaing said he would accept the election results. He lost the election and called the election a fraud. +On 27 January 2021, Min Aung Hlaing said he was thinking about a coup d'état and remove the Constitution, if allegations of voter fraud during last year’s election were not investigated. These comments sparked concern about another potential coup in the country. The next day, the Union Election Commission said there was no claims to voter fraud. On 29 January, the military said they would protest the election results. +2021 military coup and national's ruler. +On 1 February, Min Aung Hlaing led the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état, one day before the democratically-elected members of parliament were scheduled to be sworn in as members of the Assembly of the Union. The following day, he created the State Administration Council as the country's interim ruling body. He also removed Aung San Suu Kyi from power and made himself State Leader of Myanmar. +Six months after the coup, on 1 August 2021, Min Aung Hlaing replaced SAC with a caretaker government and established himself as the country's prime minister. +However, he has not been recognized by the international community as legal leader of the country. +Personal life. +Min Aung Hlaing is married to Kyu Kyu Hla, a retired lecturer. He has 3 children, including son Aung Pyae Sone and daughter Khin Thiri Thet Mon. + += = = Constitutional Tribunal (Poland) = = = +The Constitutional Tribunal () is the constitutional court of the Republic of Poland. It is a judicial body create to solve issues on the constitution of the country. It was created on 26 March 1982 and judges took office on 1 January 1986. + += = = Robinhood (company) = = = +Robinhood Markets, Inc. is an American financial services company headquartered in Menlo Park, California.<ref name="Re/code 9.23.14"></ref> Robinhood is a FINRA-regulated broker-dealer. It is a member of the Securities Investor Protection Corporation. +As of 2020, Robinhood had 13 million users. + += = = General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam = = = +The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (), known as First Secretary () from 1951 to 1976, is the highest office within the Communist Party of Vietnam. + += = = Firhad Hakim = = = +Firhad Hakim (Bengali: ������ �����) (born 1 January 1959) is an Indian politician. He is serving as Cabinet Minister of Urban Development and Municipal Affairs, Government of West Bengal. He is also the Mayor of Kolkata. +He is a member of the All India Trinamool Congress party. Hakim was elected to the West Bengal Legislative Assembly in 2009. Two years later, he became a cabinet minister in the Mamata Banerjee ministry. In December 2018, he was elected mayor following the resignation of the incumbent Sovan Chatterjee. He is the first Muslim since the independence of India to become the mayor of that city. They live in Chetla, a neighborhood of South Kolkata. + += = = Nông Đức Mạnh = = = +Nông Đức Mạnh (; born 11 September 1940) is a Vietnamese politician. He was General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam from 22 April 2001 to 19 January 2011. + += = = Natalie Palamides = = = +Natalie Elizabeth Palamides (born January 6, 1990) is a voice actress, writer to the works from "The Powerpuff Girls" in season 8. +Notable works voicing of these shows include, "Nutri Ventures", "The Powerpuff Girls", "The Owl House", "Star Vs. The Forces of Evil", the upcoming "Dexter and Dee Dee", etc. +they voicing Buttercup since 2015, from Television shows, direct-to-video features and games. + += = = Hermit = = = +A hermit is a person who lives on his own, away from society. This is distinct from a recluse, who avoids others and lives alone. +Hermits live in seclusion. Hermits occur in the history of several religions. + += = = Ken Sedd = = = +Kenneth Alan Seddington (26 October 1946 – 9 January 2021), better known as Ken Sedd, was an English character actor. He was best known for his comedic roles in the sketches on "The Benny Hill Show" from 1969 to 1984. Sedd was also a professional stuntman for Benny Hill. +Sedd died in Camberley, Surrey on 9 January 2021 at the age of 76. + += = = Anthony Dawes = = = +Anthony Cecil John Dawes (10 February 1928 – 21 January 2021) was an English character actor. Dawes was born in Felixstowe, Suffolk. His roles on television included "The Avengers", "Fawlty Towers", "Z-Cars" and "The Kenny Everett Television Show". +Dawes died in London on 21 January 2021 at the age of 92. + += = = Raimo Suikkanen = = = +Raimo Suikkanen (20 December 1942 – 22 January 2021) was a Finnish racing cyclist. He competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born in Iitti, Finland. +Suikkanen died on 22 January 2021, aged 78. + += = = Temur Tsiklauri = = = +Temur Tsiklauri (January 22, 1946, Kojori, Georgian SSR, USSR - February 1, 2021, Gori) - Georgian pop singer and actor, member of the ensemble Iveria. Honored Artist of the Georgian SSR in 1980, People's Artist of Georgia in 1990 and Honorary Citizen of Tbilisi in 2010. + += = = Sylvanus Blackman = = = +Sylvanus Timotheus Blackman (1 July 1933 – 23 January 2021) was a English male weightlifter. He was born in Bridgetown, Barbados. He competed at three Olympic Games in 1960, 1964 and 1968. +Blackman died on 23 January 2021, aged 87. + += = = Rafael Heredia = = = +Rafael Heredia Estrella (19 February 1937 – 28 January 2021) was a Mexican basketball player. He competed in the 1964 Summer Olympics and in the 1968 Summer Olympics. He was born in Mexico City. +Heredia died on 28 January 2021 in Mexico City, aged 83. + += = = Puya Mei Thaba = = = +Puya Mei Thaba () (literally, the burning of puya) was a historical event of the burning of the sacred scriptures (puyas) of Sanamahism, the ancient Meitei faith under the tyrannical orders of Emperor Pamheiba on the 23rd day of the Manipuri lunar month of Wakching in 1729 AD in front of the Uttra Sanglen inside the Kangla Palace of Manipur kingdom. It was regarded as the gateway event for the Brahmanical invasion into the Manipuri society. +Commemorations. +The historic event of the destruction of the antique scriptures is commemorated still today as "Puya Mei Thaba Numit". It is observed in different parts of Manipuri dominant regions, especially in Manipur. + += = = Reinaldo Paniagua Diez = = = +Reinaldo Paniagua-Diez (20 July 1934 – 29 January 2021) was a Puerto Rican politician and lawyer. He was the seventh Puerto Rico Secretary of State from 1977 to 1979. From 1985 to 1989, he was a member of the Senate. Paniagua Diez was a member of the New Progressive Party. He was born in Santurce, Puerto Rico. +Paniagua Diez died on 29 January 2021 in Syracuse, New York at the age of 86. + += = = Allan Burns = = = +Allan Burns (May 18, 1935January 30, 2021) was an American screenwriter and television producer. He was best known for creating and writing for the television sitcom "The Munsters", "The Mary Tyler Moore Show" and "Rhoda". He won three Primetime Emmy Awards in 1968, 1971 and 1977 for comedic writing. +Burns died on January 30, 2021, at the age of 85. + += = = Rafael Gallardo García = = = +Rafael Gallardo García (28 October 1927 – 30 January 2021) was a Mexican Roman Catholic bishop. Gallardo García was born in Yuriria, Mexico. He became a priest in 1950. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Linares, Mexico, from 1974 to 1987. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tampico, Mexico, from 1987 to 2003. +Gallardo García died on 30 January 2021, aged 93. + += = = Marc Wilmore = = = +Marc Edward Wilmore (May 4, 1963 – January 30, 2021) was an American television writer, producer, actor, and comedian. He was a writer and performer for shows such as ', ', "The Simpsons", and "F Is for Family". He was a 10-time Primetime Emmy Award nominee. +Wilmore died at the age of 57 on January 30, 2021 from COVID-19. + += = = Larry Wilmore = = = +Elister Larry Wilmore (born October 30, 1961) is an American comedian, writer, producer, and actor. Wilmore was the "Senior Black Correspondent" on "The Daily Show" from 2006 to 2014, and hosted "The Nightly Show with Larry Wilmore" in 2015 and 2016. He is also the creator of the sitcom "The Bernie Mac Show". + += = = Lauren Southern = = = +Lauren Cherie Southern (born 16 June 1995) is a Canadian alt-right political activist, and YouTuber. She was born in Surrey, British Columbia. Southern is known for making political content on YouTube. +In 2015, Southern ran as a Libertarian Party candidate in the Canadian federal election. +She worked for The Rebel Media until March 2017, then worked independently before announcing her retirement from political activism on 2 June 2019. +Southern announced her return to YouTube on 19 June 2020. + += = = Douglas Bravo = = = +Douglas Ignacio Bravo Mora (11 March 1932 – 31 January 2021) was a Venezuelan politician and guerrilla fighter. He was born in Falcón, Venezuela. He was involved with the Communist Party of Venezuela. He was a critic of Marcos Pérez Jiménez and played a role in planning the 1950 coup d'etat that removed the dictator from power. +Bravo died of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela in Coro, Venezuela on 31 January 2021, aged 88. + += = = Medieval Kangleipak = = = +Medieval Kangleipak or Medieval Manipur refers to a long period of history of Manipur between the "ancient period" and the "modern period". It encompasses the 15th century AD to the 19th century AD. +Periods. +Early medieval period. +The start of the period is typically taken to be the slow collapse of the Ancient Meitei faith, during the reign of Meidingu Senbi Kiyamba (1467-1507). It was during his reign the Brahmin people migrated to the kingdom and the microscopic volume of Vaishnavism proceeded with the worship of the Pheiya (sacred stone from Pong kingdom) as Hindu God Vishnu. +Late medieval period. +During the reign of Emperor Pamheiba Garib Niwaz (1709-1748), the name of the kingdom was changed from "Kangleipak" into "Manipur". It is during his regime the religion of the entire Meitei ethnicity was forcibly converted from Sanamahism into Hinduism. In 1729 AD, Puya Mei Thaba, the historic burning of the sacred scriptures of Sanamahism took place. + += = = Alejandro Gómez (runner) = = = +Alejandro Gómez Cabral (11 April 1967 – 31 January 2021) was a Spanish long-distance runner. He ran in marathons and cross-country running. He was born in Vigo, Pontevedra. He participated in the 1988, 1992 and 1996 Summer Olympics. +Gómez was diagnosed with brain cancer in January 2020. He died a year later on 31 January 2021 from the disease in Vigo, aged 53. + += = = Justo Tejada = = = +Justo Tejada Martínez (6 January 1933 – 31 January 2021) was a Spanish footballer. He played as a forward. He played for Spain eight times. +He was born in Barcelona, Catalonia. Tejada began playing football with the youth side of CE Europa. He played professionally with FC Barcelona. He won La Liga and the Copa del Rey. +He died on 31 January 2021, aged 88. + += = = Abraham J. Twerski = = = +Abraham Joshua Twerski (; ) was an American Hasidic rabbi. He was a psychiatrist focusing in substance abuse. He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. +Rabbi Twerski died in Jerusalem on January 31, 2021 of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, aged 90. + += = = Victor Ziga = = = +Victor "Vic" San Andres Ziga (September 30, 1945 – January 31, 2021) was a Filipino politician. He was senator in the 8th Congress from 1987 to 1992. He was an assemblyman for Albay from 1985 to 1986. He also served as Governor of Albay and cabinet minister in the Corazon Aquino administration. Ziga was born in Manila. +Ziga died on January 31, 2021 in Taguig, Philippines from multiple organ failure, aged 75. + += = = Gordon McVie = = = +John Gordon McVie BSc (Hons), MBChB, M.D., FRCP, FRCPE, FRCPSGlas, FMedSci, DSc (13 January 1945 – 20 January 2021) was a British oncologist. He was one of the best known doctors on the treatment and research of cancer. He wrote over 350 peer-reviewed articles, editorials and books. He was a professor at King's College London. +McVie died on 20 January 2021, aged 76. + += = = John Grant (Scottish footballer) = = = +John Grant (16 June 1931 – January 2021) was a Scottish professional footballer. He played for Hibernian, Raith Rovers and the Scotland national football team. His career lasted from 1949 to 1965. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. +Grant died in January 2021, aged 89. + += = = Abdul Hamid Mahmud = = = +Abdul Hamid Mahmud (January 15, 1942 – January 31, 2021) was an Indonesian politician. He was Regent of Malang from 1985 to 1990 and 1990 to 1995. He also was Deputy Governor of East Java for Government and Welfare from 1995 to 2000. +Mahmud died on January 31, 2021 at a hospital in Malang from heart disease, aged 79. + += = = Miroslav Tuđman = = = +Miroslav Tuđman (25 May 1946 – 31 January 2021) was a Croatian scientist and politician. He was born in Belgrade, then-Yugoslavia. He was a member of the Croatian Democratic Union. From 2011 until his death, he was a member of the Croatian Parliament. +Tuđman died on 31 January 2021 in Zagreb, Croatia from COVID-19, aged 74. + += = = Ryszard Szurkowski = = = +Ryszard Jan Szurkowski (12 January 1946 – 1 February 2021) was a Polish road bicycle racer. Szurkowski was born in Świebodów, Poland. He won two Olympic silver medals at the 1972 and 1976 Summer Olympics. He won two gold medals at the UCI Road World Championships in 1973 and 1975. +Szurkowski died on 1 February 2021 at a hospital in Radom, Poland from pneumonia caused by lung cancer, aged 75. + += = = Sinitic languages = = = +The Sinitic languages, also called the "Chinese languages", are a branch of Sino-Tibetan languages spoken mainly in China. Some think there is a split between Sinitic languages and the rest of the family (Tibeto-Burman languages), but many researchers now do not agree with this. Because of this, the Sinitic languages are simply Sino-Tibetan languages that are seen as varieties of Chinese. Many think Chinese is one language with many dialects, when it may be a group of different languages. + += = = Simeon Nyachae = = = +Simeon Nyachae (6 February 1932 – 1 February 2021) was a Kenyan politician and businessman. From 1998 to 1999, he was the Minister for Finance during the Daniel arap Moi presidency. He was born in Nairobi, Kenya. +Nyachae died on 1 February 2021 in Nairobi, aged 88. + += = = Sykkuno = = = +Thomas (born June 4,1992), better known by his online name Sykkuno is an American internet personality, Twitch streamer and YouTuber. He is known for his streams on the platform Twitch. He is known for playing with Disguised Toast, Corpse Husband, Valkyrae, Jacksepticeye and Pokimane. +Sykkuno's Twitch channel gained over 620,000 followers over a 30 days in November 2020, making him one of the fastest growing streamers on the platform. +On November 27, 2020, Sykkuno participated in an "Among Us" game on Twitch featuring U.S. representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez. + += = = Disguised Toast = = = +Jeremy Wang (born 25 November 1991), better known by the alias Disguised Toast, is a Taiwanese-Canadian streamer, YouTuber and Internet personality. He began his career on YouTube, creating videos about the digital card game "Hearthstone". He was born in Taipei, Taiwan. +Wang later began streaming on Twitch. +As of March 2023, Wang is a member of OfflineTV, an online social entertainment group of content creators. + += = = San Gabriel, California = = = +San Gabriel is a city in Los Angeles County, California. At the 2020 census, 39,568 people lived here. + += = = Sylvirana roberti = = = +The Tenaserim dark-side frog or Robert's dark-side frog ("Sylvirana roberti") is a frog from southern Myanmar. Scientists think it may also live in Thailand. +Scientists think this frog is related to "Sylvirana nigrovittata" and "Sylvirana malayana". +The adult male frog is 41.6–45.4 mm long from nose to rear end and scientists say one female frog was 49.2 mm long. This frog is brown in color. It has a dark stripe down each side of its body. The stripe goes all the way from its nose to where its back legs meet its body. There are spots on the front legs and stripes on the back legs. The iris of the eye is gold brown on top and darker brown on the bottom. +This frog has vomerine teeth in its jaw. It has disks on its toes for climbing. It has strong front and back legs. This frog does not have a pineal gland. It has a large humeral gland. +The scientists who wrote the first paper about this frog named it after their teacher, Dr. Robert F. Inger. Dr. Inger worked as Curator Emeritus of Amphibians and Reptiles at the Field Museum of Natural History. + += = = Danish Canadians = = = +Danish Canadians (Danish: "Dansk-canadiere") are Canadian citizens of Danish ancestry. According to the 2006 Census, there were 200,035 Canadians with Danish background, 17,650 of whom were born in Denmark. + += = = Scottish Canadians = = = +Scottish Canadians are people of Scottish descent or heritage living in Canada. As the third-largest ethnic group in Canada and amongst the first Europeans to settle in the country, Scottish people have made a large impact on Canadian culture since colonial times. + += = = Scotch-Irish Canadians = = = +Scottish-Irish Canadians are those who are Ulster Scots or those who have Ulster Scots ancestry who live in or were born in Canada. + += = = Moldovan Canadians = = = +Moldovan Canadians are Canadians of full or partial Moldovan. According to the 2011 Census, there were 8,050 Canadians who claimed Moldovan ancestry. +In 2010, the first Moldovan Orthodox church, with services in the Romanian language, has been established for the Moldovan community in Montreal, Quebec, which has over 3,500 Moldovan families. + += = = List of off-season Atlantic hurricanes = = = +Off-season Atlantic hurricanes are very rare storms, but they can still happen. These storms form between November 30 and May 31, outside the Atlantic hurricane season. + += = = Russian Canadians = = = +Russian Canadians comprise Canadian citizens of Russian heritage or Russians who moved to and live in Canada. According to the 2016 Census, there were 622,445 Canadians who claimed full or partial Russian ancestry. + += = = Katie Griffiths = = = +Katie Griffiths (born 6 April 1989) is an English actress. She is best known for portraying the role of Chlo Grainger in the BBC school-based drama series "Waterloo Road" (2006–2009, 2023). +Personal life. +Griffiths is from Kildwick, near Skipton, a town in North Yorkshire. In 2022, she got engaged to her partner. + += = = Belarusian Canadians = = = +Belarusian Canadians are Canadian citizens of Belarusian descent or Belarusian-born individuals who reside in Canada: According to the 2016 Census there were 20,710 Canadians who claimed Belarusian ancestry. + += = = Romanian Canadians = = = +Romanian Canadians are Canadian citizens of Romanian descent or Romania-born people who reside in Canada. According to the Canadian Census data of 2016, there are about 240,000 Romanian-Canadians. Some sources estimates that this number might be as high as 400,000 Canadians who are fully or partially of Romanian ancestry. + += = = Abu Salma = = = +Abdul-Karim al-Karmi (1909 - 11 October 1980), famously known as Abu Salma, He is a Palestinian poet and one of the Arab poets. He was born in Tulkarm city and died in Washington city. He was the recipient of several awards and he chairman of the Union of Palestinian Writers and Jouranlists Until his death. +Early life and education. +Abdul-Karim al-Karmi (Abu Salma) was born in 1909 in Tulkarm city, West Bank. He studied law. +Personal life. +His brother is Arabic language scholar and presenter Hassan Karmi. Abdul-Karim Married and his son the doctor Sa'id A. Karmi. +Death. +He died of sepsis at 11 October 1980 in George Washington University Hospital in Washington, D.C. + += = = Hungarian Canadians = = = +Hungarian Canadians () are persons in Canada of Hungarian ancestry. According to the 2016 Census, there are 348,085 Canadians of Hungarian ancestry. + += = = Jonas Gricius = = = +Jonas Gricius (5 August 1928 – 1 February 2021) was a Lithuanian cinematographer. He was known for his work on many classic movies, beginning in the 1950s. His best known movie works were in "Hamlet", "The Girl and the Echo", and "The Blue Bird". +Gricius died on 1 February 2021, at the age of 92. +Bio. +In 1954 he graduated from the All-Union Institute of Cinematography, a course by Boris Volchek. He worked at the film studio Lenfilm, as an assistant to director Andrei Moskvin. Since 1958 – Operator of the Lithuanian Film Studio (LKS). Secretary of the LSSR Cinematographers' Union (1963–1968), chairman (1981–1988). Director of the Lithuanian Film Studio (1978–1989). Gricius died on 1 February 2021, at the age of 92.[2] + += = = La Piarre = = = +La Piarre is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Transport. +Road. +The D27 road passes through the commune. +Location. +The commune borders the Drôme department. + += = = Peter Hindley = = = +Peter Hindley (19 May 1944 – 1 February 2021) was an English former footballer. He played in the Football League for Nottingham Forest, Coventry City and Peterborough United. He represented England at under-23 level. His playing career lasted from 1962 until the 1980s. He was born in Worksop, England. +Hindley died on 1 February 2021 from problems caused by dementia, aged 76. + += = = Ðuro Savinović = = = +Ðuro Savinović (1 March 1950 – 1 February 2021) was a Croatian water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1976 Summer Olympics. He was born in Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia. +Savinović died on 1 February 2021 in Dubrovnik, aged 70. + += = = Brittany Allen = = = +Brittany Allen (born February 5, 1986) is a Canadian actress and composer. She played Marissa Chandler on "All My Children" from 2009 to 2010. + += = = Gary Ackerman = = = +Gary Leonard Ackerman (born November 19, 1942) is a retired American politician. He was a member of the U.S. Representative from New York from 1983 to 2013. He is a member of the Democratic Party. + += = = Viktor Koval = = = +Viktor Stanislavovich Koval (29 September 1947 – 1 February 2021) was a Russian writer, artist and child actor. He was born in Moscow, Russia. His career began in 1955. His best known roles were as Sasha in the 1955 crime movie "The Rumyantsev Case" and as Ivanov in the 1957 drama movie "An Unusual Summer". +Koval died on 1 February 2021 in Moscow from COVID-19, aged 73. + += = = Milvian bridge = = = +The Milvian (or Mulvian) Bridge is a bridge over the Tiber in northern Rome, Italy. The bridge goes back ot antiquity. Today, the bridge is also notable for the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, which happened in the year 312. + += = = Tony Christie = = = +Anthony Fitzgerald (born 25 April 1943), known professionally as Tony Christie, is an English musician, singer and actor. He is best known for his recording of "(Is This The Way To) Amarillo", a double UK chart success. +Christy was diagnosed with dementia in April 2023. + += = = Hank Marvin = = = +Hank Brian Marvin (born Brian Robson Rankin, 28 October 1941) is an English multi-instrumentalist, vocalist and songwriter. He is best known as the lead guitarist for the Shadows and was the backing band for Cliff Richard. He was also in Marvin, Welch & Farrar. + += = = Patricia Greene = = = +Patricia Honor Richardson MBE (née Greene; born 1931) is an English actress. She is best known as the voice of on the BBC Radio 4 radio soap opera "". +Greene is one of . +Early life. +Patricia Honor Greene was born in , England in 1931. She is the youngest of two children to Josie Greene (née Johnson), a housewife, and Edward Greene, an engineer and former piano salesman. She has an older sister. Greene and her family moved to Champion Street in the area, before moving to Kirk Street in . She has recalled experiences of her mother having extramarital affairs, in which she would bring men to the family home and order Patricia not to tell their father. +Greene attended Ashgate Infants School on Ashbourne Road and St Paul's Junior School. She also attended . She later joined an amateur dramatic society. Greene trained at the in London from 1951 to 1954. +Greene worked as a at the . She also worked as a secretary in the sheet metal factory of Hawk Industries. She worked as a on the trolley bus in Derby, and as a waitress during the holidays. +Greene once noticed her father crying at one of her theatre performances. She credits that moment with her wanting to become an actress. +Career. +Greene made her broadcasting debut in 1957, after being told "you'll never be a broadcaster, you sound like a fairy in hockey boots" by her then 84-year old tutor at the . +Greene joined the cast of the BBC Radio 4 radio soap opera "" on 25 July 1957. She is the long-standing voice of (née Patterson). She was the sixth, and last, actress to audition for the role and thought she would not be cast. Greene found the first six weeks tough due to her inexperience. She recalled that on her second day, she took stage directions too far and threw a glass of water over , who portrayed , and nearly electrocuted him. This impressed the creator and he kept her in the serial. She was paid seven guineas a week. Greene was tempted to leave the series when her son was a toddler but felt a loyalty to the programme and stayed. She was paid £16,000 for her work on the series in 2017. +Greene portrayed in the first episode of the BBC One medical soap opera "" on 26 March 2000. She reprised the role for a second time in the 20 April 2000 episode. Greene portrayed Ivy Watson in the 22 October 2000 episode of the BBC One medical drama "Casualty". Greene was the guest on the 27 December 2015 episode of the BBC Radio 4 programme "Desert Island Discs". +Personal life. +Greene married actor Henry in October 1959 in Maidenhead, Berkshire. The couple divorced a few years later. +Greene married Cyril Austen Richardson in April 1972 in Windsor, Berkshire. The couple have one son. She was widowed in November 1986. +Greene is a patron of the . +Honours. +Greene was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in by Queen Elizabeth II for services to radio drama. +Greene recieved an honorary degree from the as a Master of Arts in 2017. +Filmography. +Film and television. +References: + += = = Lesley Saweard = = = +Lesley Saweard (born 1934) is a British actress. She has played Christine Barford in the long-running radio soap opera, "The Archers", since 1953. She was born in Lincolnshire, England. + += = = Johnny Briggs (actor) = = = +John Ernest Briggs (5 September 1935 – 28 February 2021) was an English actor. He was best known for his role as Mike Baldwin in the soap opera "Coronation Street", in which he appeared from 1976 to 2006 and again in 2012. +Briggs was awarded the MBE in the 2006 New Year Honours. +Briggs died on 28 February 2021 at his home in Portishead, Somerset from a long-illness, aged 85. + += = = Amanda Barrie = = = +Amanda Barrie (born 14 September 1935) is an English actress. She appeared in two of the "Carry On" movies. She also starred as Alma Halliwell in ITV soap opera "Coronation Street", which she played on and off for 20 years. She also played Bev Tull in the ITV prison drama series "Bad Girls" (2003–2006). +Barrie is openly bisexual. + += = = Bill Hayes (actor) = = = +William Foster Hayes III (June 5, 1925 – January 12, 2024) was an American actor and singer. His song, “The Ballad of Davy Crockett“ hit the top of the "Billboard" charts in the spring of 1955. He also played Doug Williams on NBC's "Days of Our Lives". +Hayes died on January 12, 2024, at the age of 98. + += = = Nanette Newman = = = +Nanette Newman (born 29 May 1934) is an English actress and author. She appeared in nine movies directed by her husband Bryan Forbes. She starred in "Séance on a Wet Afternoon" (1964), "The Whisperers" (1967), "Deadfall" (1968), "The Stepford Wives" (1975) and "International Velvet" (1978). + += = = Samantha Smith = = = +Samantha Reed Smith (June 29, 1972 – August 25, 1985) was an American schoolgirl, peace activist, and child actress. She became famous during the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. +In 1982, Smith wrote a letter to Soviet Leader Yuri Andropov, and received a personal reply with a personal invitation to visit the Soviet Union, which she accepted. +Smith became a "Goodwill Ambassador" between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, becoming America's Youngest Ambassador. +Smith died on August 25, 1985 in the Bar Harbor Airlines Flight 1808 plane crash near Auburn, Maine at the age of 13. + += = = Win Min Than = = = +Win Min Than (; born 30 November 1933) is a Burmese-Australian actress. She is best known for her role in the 1954 Hollywood movie "The Purple Plain". Than was born in Bago, Burma. Her career lasted from 1954 to 1957. + += = = Morton Ira Greenberg = = = +Morton Ira Greenberg (March 20, 1933 – January 28, 2021) was an American politician and lawyer. He was a Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit from 1987 until his death. He became senior judge in 2000. He was nominated by President Ronald Reagan on February 11, 1987 to the court. Greenberg was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. +Greenberg died on January 28, 2021 at the age of 87. + += = = Tony Momoh = = = +Prince Tony Momoh (27 April 1939 – 1 February 2021) was a Nigerian journalist and politician. He was Nigerian Minister of Information and Culture from 1986 to 1990 during the military regime of General Ibrahim Babangida. Momoh was born in Auchi, Nigeria. +He died on 1 February 2021 in Lagos, Nigeria at the age of 81. + += = = Jamie Tarses = = = +Sara James Tarses (March 19, 1964 – February 1, 2021) was an American television producer and television studio executive. Tarses was the President of ABC Entertainment from 1996 to 1999. She was the first woman and one of the youngest people to hold such a post in an American broadcast network. She was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. She helped produced "Friends", "My Boys" and "Happy Endings". +Tarses died of cardiac arrest caused by a stroke on February 1, 2021 at the age of 56. + += = = My Boys = = = +My Boys is an American television sitcom. Its first episode came out on November 28, 2006, on TBS. The show is about a sports columnist in Chicago, Illinois, played by Jordana Spiro, and the men in her life, including her brother and her best friend. The show was canceled by TBS on September 14, 2010 after four seasons. + += = = Fine-tuned universe = = = +A universe that is fine-tuned is a universe that is designed well-enough to support life. Life as we know it would be impossible if certain things in physics were slightly different. Our universe is fine-tuned for life, and this is seen as not likely. This is because many things have to come together in a certain way. One explanation for this is the anthropic principle. This means that the universe supports life because we wouldn't be here to wonder that if it didn't. This usage of the anthropic principle is tautological. This means that it is true because it is true. +Another explanation for this is the teleological argument. It is also known as argument from design. This means that an intelligent creator created the universe. It is still unknown if the universe created itself or if it was created by someone or something else. +Examples. +Martin Rees had six of these examples. Some of these are: + += = = Nine Inch Nails live performances = = = +The rock band Nine Inch Nails started doing tours when it was first made in 1988. Trent Reznor started the band and does most of the work for the band's studio. The band has played in many festivals. For example, they played at Woodstock '94, Lollapalooza in 1991 and 2008, and the MTV Video Music Awards. Before 2013, they did 938 gigs. +Nine Inch Nails does not play the same in concerts than when they do in studios. Reznor makes and plays most of the band's music. Other people might sing or play instruments if it is needed for the song. Reznor makes groups of backing musicians (people who play for concerts). Alessandro Cortini (one of the band's keyboardists) said that how the band plays in studios and in CDs is different from how they play in concerts. +Before 2016, Reznor was the only member of the band. Nine Inch Nails' concerts have lighting effects used for the stage. The effects have been done by Reznor and Rob Sheridan starting in 1999. Three tours have been talked about in albums and documentaries. +Critics have said that the tours are good. Some critics talk about how the stage feels aggressive. They also liked the effects that the stage uses. In 2008, Reznor wanted the band to stop touring after 2009. They started touring again in 2013. + += = = Strike Up the Band (movie) = = = +Strike Up the Band is a 1940 American musical movie directed by Busby Berkeley and starring Judy Garland, Mickey Rooney, Paul Whiteman and Orchestra, June Preisser, William Tracy, Margaret Early, Ann Shoemaker, Francis Pierlot, Virginia Brissac, George Lessey. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and won an Academy Award in 1941 and was nominated for 3 others. + += = = Blue Skies (movie) = = = +Blue Skies is a 1946 American musical movie directed by Stuart Heisler and Mark Sandrich and starring Bing Crosby, Fred Astaire, Joan Caulfield, Billy De Wolfe, Olga San Juan, Mikhail Rasumny, Frank Faylen. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1947. + += = = Shakti = = = +Shakti (Devanagari: �����, IAST: Śakti; lit. "Energy, ability, strength, effort, power, capability") is the primordial cosmic energy and represents the dynamic forces that are thought to move through the entire universe in Hinduism, and especially Shaktism, a major tradition of Hinduism. Shakti is the personification of the energy that is creative, sustaining, as well as destructive, sometimes referred to as auspicious source energy. +As the Shakti or Creatrix, She is known as Adi Parashakti or "Adi Param Shakti" or simply "Adi Shakti" (i.e., Primordial Inconceivable Energy). On every plane of creation, energy manifests itself in all forms of matter, thermal energy, potential energy, gravitational energy etc. These are all thought to be infinite forms of the Para Shakti. But Her true form is unknown, and beyond human understanding. She is "Anaadi" (with no beginning, no ending) and "Nitya" (forever). +In Shaktism, Adi Parashakti is worshipped as the Supreme Being. +Origin. +Found in a Paleolithic context in the Son River valley and dating to 9,000–8,000 BCE, the Baghor stone, says Jonathan Mark Kenoyer, is highly probable that the stone is associated with Shakti. The worshipping of Shiv and Shakti was also prevalent in Indus valley civilization. +Evolution. +The Shakti goddess is also known as "Amma" in south India, especially in the states of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh. There are many temples devoted to various incarnations of the Shakti goddess in most of the villages in South India. The rural people believe that Shakti is the protector of the village, the punisher of evil people, the cure of diseases, and the one who gives welfare to the village. They celebrate Shakti Jataras with great interest once a year. Some examples of Shakti names are Mahalakshmi, Kamakshi, Parvati, Lalita, Bhuvaneshwari, Durga, Meenakshi, Mariamman, Yellamma, Poleramma, and Perantalamma. +Shaktisim. +Sri Guru Amritananda Nath Saraswati, performing the Navavarana Puja, an important ritual in Srividya Tantric Shaktism, at the Sahasrakshi Meru Temple at Devipuram, Andhra Pradesh, India. +Shaktism regards Devi (lit., "the Goddess") as the Supreme Brahman itself with all other forms of divinity considered to be merely Her diverse manifestations. In the details of its philosophy and practice, Shaktism resembles Shaivism. However, "Shaktas" (Sanskrit: ����, "Śakta", ), practitioners of Shaktism, focus most or all worship on Shakti, as the dynamic feminine aspect of the Supreme Divine. Shiva, the masculine aspect of divinity, is considered solely transcendent, and Shiva's worship is usually secondary. +Shakti Peeths. +According to some schools, there are four Adi Shakti Pitha and 51 Shakti centers of worship located in South Asia (four Adi Shakti Pitha are also part of 51 Shakti pithas but they are four major parts of Devi Sati's body. So, they are adi shakti pithas). They can be found in India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Tibet and Pakistan. These are called Shakti Peethas. The list of locations varies. A commonly accepted list of Shakti Peethas and their temple complexes includes: +Other pithas in Maharashtra are: +Bhajans and mantras. +There are many ancient Shakti devotional songs and vibrational chants in the Hindu and Sikh traditions (found in Sarbloh Granth). The recitation of the Sanskrit mantras is commonly used to call upon the Divine Mother. +"Merge in the Maha Shakti. This is enough to take away your misfortune. This will carve out of you a woman. Woman needs her own Shakti, not anybody else will do it ... When a woman chants the Kundalini Bhakti mantra, God clears the way. This is not a religion, it is a reality. Woman is not born to suffer, and woman needs her own power." + += = = G Men = = = +G Men is a 1935 American crime drama movie directed by William Keighley and starring James Cagney, Margaret Lindsay, Ann Dvorak, Robert Armstrong, Barton MacLane, Lloyd Nolan, William Harrigan, Russell Hopton, Edward Pawley. It was distributed by Warner Bros. and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1936. + += = = Peter T. Fay = = = +Peter Thorp Fay (January 18, 1929 – January 31, 2021) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit from 1981 until his death. He was nominated for the Court of Appeals by President Ronald Reagan. Fay was also the United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida from 1970 to 1976. He was nominated by for the District Court by President Gerald Ford. He was born in Rochester, New York. +Fay died on January 31, 2021 in Miami, Florida at the age of 92. + += = = Andrew Brooks = = = +Andrew Ira Brooks (February 10, 1969January 23, 2021) was an American immunologist, academic, and businessman. He was an associate research professor at Rutgers University. He created the first FDA-approved rapid saliva test for COVID-19 diagnosis. +Brooks died on January 23, 2021 from a heart attack in New York City, aged 51. + += = = Hans de Boer = = = +Hans Andries de Boer (born 30 May 1937) is a former Dutch politician. He was a member of the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) and later the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party. He was born in Velsen, Netherlands. De Boer was a member of the House of Representatives from 1972 to 1981 and again from 1982 to 1983. He was Minister of Culture in 1982 and Mayor of Haarlemmermeer from 1983 to 1985. + += = = Kjersti Døvigen = = = +Kjersti Døvigen (27 June 1943 – 1 February 2021) was a Norwegian actress. She was born in Oslo, Norway. She acted in "Elskere" (1963), "Douglas" (1970), "The Last Fleksnes" (1974), "Lasse & Geir" (1976), "Bør Børson II" (1976) and "Life and Death" (1980). +Døvigen died on 1 February 2021 in Oslo, aged 77. + += = = Jean Dubois (field hockey) = = = +Jean Marie Joseph François Dubois (4 October 1926 – 1 February 2021) was a Belgian field hockey player. He competed in four summer Olympics between 1948 and 1960. +Dubois died on 1 February 2021 at the age of 94. + += = = Ricky Powell = = = +Ricky Powell (November 20, 1961 – February 1, 2021) was an American photographer. He was known for his works with the Beastie Boys. His pictures were seen in "The New York Times", the "New York Post", the "Daily News", "The Village Voice", "TIME", "Newsweek", "VIBE", "The Source" and "Rolling Stone". He was born in New York City. +Powell died on February 1, 2021 from heart failure in New York City, aged 59. + += = = The Goon Show = = = +The Goon Show was a British radio comedy programme, produced and broadcast by the BBC Home Service from 1951 to 1960. Occasional repeats were on the BBC Light Programme. The first series was broadcast from 28 May to 20 September 1951. It was titled Crazy People; later series had the title "The Goon Show". +The show's chief creator and main writer was Spike Milligan. +The show was acted by Peter Sellers, Harry Secombe and Milligan. Michael Bentine was also a member until 1953. +Each of the actors played several stock characters, a regular pattern in radio and theatrical comedy. By "stock characters" is meant characters whose idiosyncracies (peculiaririties) is well understood by the listening audience. This was also a feature of much music hall entertainment. +The scripts mixed ludicrous plots with surreal humour, puns, catchphrases and an array of bizarre sound effects. Some of the later episodes had electronic effects devised by the fledgling BBC Radiophonic Workshop. Many of these ideas were reused by other shows for decades. Elements of the show satirised life in Britain, parodying aspects of show business, commerce, industry, art, politics, diplomacy, the police, the military, education, class structure, literature and films. +The show was preceded by Ted Ray's "Ray's a Laugh" as the key comedy programme on BBC radio. +The "Goon Show" had an influence on the later BBC television series "Monty Python". Both were absurdist comedies. + += = = Tamara Rylova = = = +Tamara Nikolayevna Rylova (; 1 October 1931 – 1 February 2021) was a Russian speed skater. He was born in Vologda, Soviet Union. He won a bronze medal at the 1960 Summer Olympics. +Rylova died on 1 February 2021 in Moscow, aged 89. + += = = Nick Robinson (American actor) = = = +Nicholas John Robinson (born March 22, 1995) is an American actor. He starred in "Melissa & Joey" (2010–2015) and played Simon in "Love, Simon" (2018). + += = = Love, Simon = = = +Love, Simon is a 2018 American romantic comedy drama movie directed by Greg Berlanti. It stars Nick Robinson, Josh Duhamel, and Jennifer Garner. +"Love, Simon" premiered at the Mardi Gras Film Festival on February 27, 2018. It was released in the United States on March 16, 2018, by 20th Century Fox. +A television series titled "Love, Victor", set in the same universe as the movie. + += = = Port Washington (town), Wisconsin = = = +Port Washington is a town in Ozaukee County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. At the 2020 census, 1,538 people lived here. + += = = Johnny Doughboy = = = +Johnny Doughboy is a 1942 American musical comedy movie directed by John H. Auer and starring Jane Withers, Henry Wilcoxon, William Demarest, Ruth Donnelly, Etta McDaniel, Bobby Breen. It was distributed by Republic Pictures and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1943. + += = = Stock character = = = +A stock character is a stereotype fictional character. In a theatre, novel, play or film, the audience immediately knows about him or her without further explanation. All types of fiction use this device, especially comedy. +They have been used in all forms of theatre, right back to the Ancient Greek theatre. The Star Wars movie franchise offers many examples. They are archetypal characters, simplified and "flat". As a result, they may be easy targets for parody, and criticized as clichés. Stock characters help to identify a genre or subgenre. For example, a fairy tale or fantasy is likely to have a knight-errant as hero and a witch as opposition. +One stock character often used is the low-class character(s) who warn the hero of danger to come. Examples: +It seems their function is to introduce the idea of fatalism, the idea that we are not masters of our fate. Human fame and glory is temporary. Even Achilles has his weakness. +As the hero falls, he is usually allowed a final comment. Caesar's was "Et tu, Brute?" meaning "Not you as well, Brutus?" That's known as a valediction (means a farewell comment). Shakespeare has many examples: Another famous example is Richard III's last cry of "A horse, a horse, my kingdom for a horse!" + += = = Mount Semeru = = = +Mount Semeru is a active volcano in the island of Java, Indonesia. +Mount Semeru has a elevation of 3.676 m above sea level. The mountain is in East Java, between the Lumajang and Malang regency. Its geographical position is between 8°06' SL and 120°55' EL. + += = = The Lost Weekend = = = +The Lost Weekend is a 1945 American drama movie directed by Billy Wilder and was based on the 1944 novel of the same by Charles R. Jackson. It stars Ray Milland, Jane Wyman, Phillip Terry, Doris Dowling, Howard Da Silva, Frank Faylen, Lilian Fontaine, Frank Orth and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. It won 4 Academy Awards in 1946 and was nominated for 3 others. + += = = Gabriele Patriarca = = = +Gabriele Patriarca (10 July 1916 – 2 September 1988) was an Italian informalist painter and member of the art movement Scuola Romana. + += = = Objective, Burma! = = = +Objective, Burma! is a 1945 American World War II action movie directed by Raoul Walsh and starring Errol Flynn, James Brown, William Prince, George Tobias, Henry Hull, Warner Anderson. It was distributed by Warner Bros. and was nominated for three Academy Awards in 1946. + += = = Dative case = = = +In grammar, the dative case is the grammatical case used to show the object of an action (the thing the verb acts on). +For example, "Maria gave Jacob a drink". In this example, Jacob is the dative as he is being given the drink, he is what the verb ("gave") is acting upon. + += = = Manimuthar River = = = +Manimuthar is the name of four different rivers in Tamil Nadu, India: + += = = USS Somerset = = = +USS "Somerset" may mean: + += = = Puducherry = = = +Puducherry or Pondicherry may mean: + += = = Mire language = = = +Mire, or Mulgi, is an East Chadic language spoken by around 5,000 people in southwestern Chad. It is mainly spoken in Tandjile Prefecture and Lai Prefecture. Most speakers speak Ndam or Kimré as a second language. + += = = Mulgi = = = +Mulgi may be: + += = = Ndam language = = = +Ndam, also known as Dam or Ndamm, is an East Chadic language spoken by around 6,500 people in southwestern Chad. It is spoken mainly in the Tandjilé and Lai Prefectures. There are two dialects of the language: Ndam Dik (northern), and Ndam-Ndam (southern). + += = = Tumak language = = = +Tumak (also known as Toumak, Tumag, Tummok, Sara Toumak, Tumac, and Dije) is an East Chadic language spoken by around 25,000 people in southwestern Chad. The language is similar to the Motun and Mawer languages. Some think they are different dialects of the same language. Blench says they are different languages. + += = = Taare Zameen Par = = = +Taare Zameen Par (titled Like Stars on Earth internationally) is a 2007 Indian Hindi-language family drama movie. Amir Khan produced and directed it. The film stars Darsheel Safary and Aamir Khan. It is about a child with dyslexia. +Story. +The film is about a 8-year-old dyslexic child named Ishaan Awasthi. He does well in art class but not in his other classes. His teachers and principal gives him a report card showing his low grades, so his parents send him to boarding school. The teachers there are unkind to him. He becomes very sad. However, Ishaan's new art teacher is not abusive at all. He is nice and expresses concern about Ishaan. The new art teacher figures out that he is dyslexic and helps him to overcome his disability. +Production. +The film stars Darsheel Safary as 8-year-old Ishaan, Vipin Sharma and Tisca Chopra as Ishaan's parents, Sachet Engineer as Ishaan's brother, and Aamir Khan plays his art teacher. +Creative director and writer Amole Gupte developed the idea with his wife Deepa Bhatia, who served as the film's editor. Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy composed the film's score, and Prasoon Joshi wrote the lyrics for many of the songs. Principal photography took place in Mumbai and in Panchgani's New Era High School. Some of the school's students make appearances. +The film was released on December 21, 2007 and won awards, including the Filmfare Award for Best Film for 2008 and the 2008 National Film Award for Best Film on Family Welfare. It was India's official entry for the 2009 Academy Awards Best Foreign Film but did not go further to the short-list. + += = = Grant Jackson (baseball) = = = +Grant Dwight Jackson (September 28, 1942 – February 2, 2021) was an American professional baseball pitcher and coach. +Jackson played in Major League baseball (MLB) from to for the Philadelphia Phillies, Baltimore Orioles, New York Yankees, Pittsburgh Pirates, Montreal Expos, and Kansas City Royals. +After Jackson’s playing career, he was a coach for the Pirates and Cincinnati Reds. +Jackson died on February 2, 2021 from problems caused by COVID-19, aged 78. + += = = Chad Colley = = = +Ralph "Chad" Colley Jr (May 13, 1944 – January 30, 2021) was an American para-alpine skier, army officer and activist for disabled Americans. He won a gold medal at the 1992 Paralympic Games. Colley was born in Fort Smith, Arkansas. +Colley died on January 30, 2021 at the age of 76. + += = = Airborne transmission = = = +An airborne transmission is transmission of diseases through small particulates that can be passed through the air over time and distance. +Diseases that can be infected through airborne transmission may be viruses, bacteria, or fungi, and they may be spread through breathing, talking, coughing, sneezing, raising of dust, spraying of liquids or even flushing toilets. + += = = Maureen Colquhoun = = = +Maureen Morfydd Colquhoun ( ; (12 August 1928 – 2 February 2021) was a British economist and Labour Party politician. She was born in London. She was a Member of parliament from 1974 to 1979. Colquhoun was Britain's first openly lesbian MP. +Colquhoun died on 2 February 2021, aged 92. + += = = Jacqueline Shumiatcher = = = +Jacqueline Clay Shumiatcher, (April 29, 1923 – February 1, 2021) was a French-born Canadian philanthropist, arts patron, and art collector. She and her husband Morris C. Shumiatcher began supporting the arts community in Regina, Saskatchewan. +In 2014 she donated 1,310 Inuit sculptures and paintings by the Regina Five, worth C$3 million, to the University of Regina. She was honored the Saskatchewan Order of Merit in 2001 and the Order of Canada in 2017. She was born in Vendin-le-Vieil, Pas de Calais. +Shumiatcher died on February 1, 2021 at the age of 97. + += = = Joshua Hamidu = = = +Lieutenant General Joshua Mahamadu Hamidu (1936 – 2 February 2021) was a Ghanaian soldier, politician and diplomat. He was the Chief of Defence Staff from 1978 to 1979. He was the Ghanaian High Commissioner to Zambia in 1978 for a short time. He was also High Commissioner to Zambia from 2003 to 2005. +Hamidu died on 2 February 2021 at an Accra hospital. + += = = Sylvirana nigrovittata = = = +The black-striped frog, black-spotted frog, black-sided wood frog, Sapgreen Stream frog, Mengla frog, dark-sided frog or Hekou frog ("Sylvirana nigrovittata") is a frog from India, Nepal, Bangladesh, China,Vietnam, Laos and Thailand. It can live as high as 1100 meters above sea level. + += = = The Bells of St. Mary's = = = +The Bells of St. Mary's is a 1945 American drama movie directed by Leo McCarey and is the sequel to the 1944 movie "Going My Way". It stars Bing Crosby, Ingrid Bergman, Henry Travers, William Gargan, Ruth Donnelly, Joan Carroll, Martha Sleeper, Una O'Connor and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. It was nominated for 8 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1946. + += = = Belle of the Yukon = = = +Belle of the Yukon is a 1944 American musical western comedy movie directed by William A. Seiter and starring Randolph Scott, Gypsy Rose Lee, Dinah Shore, Bob Burns, Charles Winniger, Robert Armstrong, Florence Bates, Victor Kilian. It was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1946. + += = = North Sea Germanic = = = +North Sea Germanic, also known as Ingvaeonic , is a group of West Germanic languages that were first spoken in what is now northern Germany, the Netherlands, and Denmark. They were also spread to the British Isles in the Migration Period. The languages were Old Frisian, Old English and Old Saxon. They have become other languages since then and spread worldwide, especially the modern English language. + += = = Alabama's 6th congressional district = = = +Alabama's 6th congressional district is a United States congressional district in the state of Alabama. The congressional district elects a representative for the United States House of Representatives. The district is made up of the counties of Jefferson County, Bibb, Blount, Chilton, Coosa, and Shelby. Parts of the city of Birmingham are in the district. The district has been represented by Republican Gary Palmer since 2014. + += = = 3 Idiots = = = +3 Idiots is a 2009 Indian Hindi-language coming-of-age comedy drama buddy film written, edited and directed by Rajkumar Hirani, co-written by Abhijat Joshi, produced by Vidhu Vinod Chopra under the production banner of Vinod Chopra Films. It was distributed by Reliance BIG Pictures. It was released in India on 25 December 2009. It is adapted loosely from Chetan Bhagat's 2004 novel "Five Point Someone: What NOT to do at IIT!" It is a cult film in the Hindi cinema. The film stars Aamir Khan, R. Madhavan and Sharman Joshi in the title roles. Kareena Kapoor, Boman Irani, Omi Vaidya, Mona Singh, Javed Jaffrey, Parikshit Sahni and Amardeep Jha also appear. There are two parallel dramas, one in the present and the other set ten years in the past. The story follows the friendship of three students at an Indian engineering college. It is a satire about the social pressures under the Indian education system. +Synopsis. +Two friends embark on a quest for a lost buddy. On this journey, they encounter a long-forgotten bet, a wedding they must crash, and a funeral that goes, ridiculously out of control. Their inner journey is the story of their friend - the impressible free-thinker Rancho. He had touched and changed their lives. It is a story of their hostel days. It swings between Rancho's romance with the spirited Pia, and his clash with an oppressive mentor, Viru Sahastrabuddhe. And then one day, suddenly, Rancho vanished. Who was he? Where did he come from? Why did he leave? He was the friend who influenced and inspired them to think creatively and independently. The conformist world called them "three idiots". Where is the original idiot now? Finally, in misty mountains with unparalleled beauty, the friends find the key to the secret. +Production. +The film joined genuine Indian developments made by Remya Jose, Mohammad Idris, Jahangir Painter and Sonam Wangchuk. The film was a critical and commercial success. It was the highest-grossing film in its opening weekend in India. It had the highest opening day collections for an Indian film up until that point. It held the record for the highest net collections in the first week for a Bollywood film. It was one of only a few Indian films which was successful in East Asia. This took its overall gross to ₹3.92 billion ($90 million). It was the highest-grossing Indian film ever at the time. +Awards. +The film won six Filmfare Awards including Best Film and three National Film Awards including Best Popular Film. Overseas, it won the Grand Prize at Japan's Videoyasan Awards while it was nominated for Best Outstanding Foreign Language Film at the Japan Academy Awards and Best Foreign Film at China's Beijing International Film Festival. In 2012, a Tamil remake of the film was released and it was called "Nanban." In 2017 a Mexican remake of the film was released and it was called "3 Idiotas". +Sequel. +When asked about plans of a "3 Idiots" sequel in an interview with "Hindustan Times", screenwriter Abhijat Joshi replied, saying, "Honestly, I don't know. We have an idea for the 3 Idiots sequel, a "Munna Bhai" part three, and also for a "PK" sequel; but the "PK" and "Munna Bhai" sequels interest me the most. So, I think the "3 Idiots" sequel may happen in the future, but these two I really want to work on." In January 2016, director Rajkumar Hirani and actor Aamir Khan confirmed that they were considering a "3 Idiots" sequel. Khan told reporters, ""Raju Hirani has given me a hint about "3 Idiots" sequel and I am giving you all a hint. The film will happen if and whenever he will write the script." Hirani agreed, saying "this is one film that I really want to do." +In June 2018, Hirani was asked a question while promoting his upcoming film "Sanju" and he was quoted as saying, "I definitely want to make a sequel to "3 Idiots", but it’s still in the initial stage and we will take a fair amount of time to develop the script". The report also said that Hirani will begin shooting for the "Munna Bhai" sequel with Sanjay Dutt. Work on "3 Idiots" will begin only after Hirani is done with "Munna Bhai 3". + += = = Alabama's 7th congressional district = = = +Alabama's 7th congressional district is a United States congressional district in the state of Alabama that elects a representative to the United States House of Representatives. The district includes the counties of Choctaw, Dallas, Greene, Hale, Lowndes, Marengo, Pickens, Perry, Sumter and Wilcox. Parts of Clarke, Jefferson, Montgomery and Tuscaloosa counties are in the district. The district also has parts of the cities of Birmingham, Montgomery and Tuscaloosa/Northport city areas. +The 7th congressional district is the only congressional district in Alabama to be represented by a Democrat. The representative is Terri Sewell. The district was created in 1843 and has only been represented by a Republican for 6 years. When the districts were being drawn again in 2010 the Republicans in Alabama drew the district to have many of the Democratic Party counties in Alabama so there would only be one Democratic congressional district in Alabama. This is called gerrymandering. + += = = Brewster's Millions (1945 movie) = = = +Brewster's Millions is a 1945 American comedy movie directed by Allan Dwan and is the fifth adaption of the 1902 novel of the same name by George Barr McCutcheon and the 1906 play of the same name. It stars Dennis O'Keefe, Helen Walker, June Havoc, Gail Patrick, Mischa Auer, Nana Bryant, John Litel, Joe Sawyer and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946. + += = = Captain Kidd (1945 movie) = = = +Captain Kidd is a 1945 American adventure movie directed by Rowland V. Lee and starring Charles Laughton, Randolph Scott, Barbara Britton, John Carradine, Gilbert Roland, John Qualen, Sheldon Leonard, William Farnum, Henry Daniell, Reginald Owen. It was distributed by United Artists and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946. + += = = South Carolina's 7th congressional district = = = +South Carolina's 7th congressional district is a congressional district in the state of South Carolina. The district was created in 1803 but was removed in 1933. The district was then created again in 2013. The district includes the counties of Chesterfield, Dillon, Georgetown, Horry, Marlboro, Darlington, and Marion and parts of Florence county. The current representative for the district is Republican Tom Rice. + += = = Flame of Barbary Coast = = = +Flame of Barbary Coast is a 1945 American western movie directed by Joseph Kane and starring John Wayne, Ann Dvorak, Joseph Schildkraut, William Frawley, Virginia Grey, Russell Hicks, Jack Norton, Paul Fix. It was distributed by Republic Pictures and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1946. + += = = The Story of G.I. Joe = = = +The Story of G.I. Joe is a 1945 American war movie directed by William A. Wellman and starring Burgess Meredith, Robert Mitchum, Freddie Steele, Wally Cassell. It was distributed by United Artists and was nominated for 4 Academy Awards in 1946. + += = = The Southerner (1945 movie) = = = +The Southerner is a 1945 American drama movie directed by Jean Renoir and was based on the 1941 novel "Hold Autumn in Your Hand" by George Sessions Perry. It stars Zachary Scott, Betty Field, J. Carrol Naish, Beulah Bondi, Percy Kilbride, Charles Kemper, Blanche Yurka, Norman Lloyd, Estelle Taylor and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1946. + += = = Andy Jassy = = = +Andrew R. Jassy (born January 13, 1968) is an American businessman. Jassy is the CEO of Amazon. He was the CEO of Amazon Web Services (AWS). He is also one of the minority owners of the Seattle Kraken of the National Hockey League. +Jassy replaced Jeff Bezos as CEO of Amazon on July 5, 2021. + += = = Amazon Web Services = = = +Amazon Web Services (AWS) is part of Amazon and gives on-demand cloud computing platforms to people, companies, and governments. + += = = No. 2 (movie) = = = +No. 2 is a 2006 New Zealand comedy drama movie directed by Toa Fraser and was based on the 2000 play of the same name. It stars Ruby Dee, Taungaroa Emile, Tuva Novotny, Rene Naufahu, Nathaniel Lees, Antony Starr, Pio Terei, Xavier Horan and was distributed by Miramax Films. + += = = A Song to Remember = = = +A Song to Remember is a 1945 American biographical movie directed by Charles Vidor and starring Cornel Wilde, Paul Muni, Merle Oberon, Nina Foch, George Coulouris, Howard Freeman, Stephen Bekassy. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures and was nominated for six Academy Awards in 1946. + += = = Love Letters (1945 movie) = = = +Love Letters is a 1945 American romantic drama movie directed by William Dieterle and was based on the novel "Pity My Simplicity" by Christopher Massie. It stars Jennifer Jones, Joseph Cotten, Ann Richards, Cecil Kellaway, Gladys Cooper, Anita Louise, Reginald Denny and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. It was nominated for four Academy Awards in 1946. + += = = The Man Who Walked Alone = = = +The Man Who Walked Alone is a 1945 American romantic comedy movie directed by Christy Cabanne and starring Dave O'Brien, Kay Aldridge, Walter Catlett, Guinn "Big Boy" Williams, Isabel Randolph, Smith Ballew. It was distributed by PRC Pictures, Inc. and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946. + += = = Koreans in China = = = +The Korean ethnic group in China is an immigrant group which means people from North and South Korea stay there permanently. +The size of the ethnic group is 2,489,076 (in year 2009).1,830,929 are ethnic Koreans with Chinese citizenship (in 2010). +The languages are Mandarin, Cantonese and Korean. + += = = Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity = = = +The Proclamation of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity is a UNESCO award which recognises the special cultural activities round the world. By "oral and intangible" is meant "activities of people which leave no permanent trace". +The award was started in 2001. It hopes to "raise awareness of intangible cultural heritage, and encourage local communities to protect them and the local people who do these forms of cultural expressions". Several manifestations of intangible heritage around the world were awarded the title of "Masterpieces" to recognize the value of the "non-material component of culture". +The list is: "UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists". + += = = This Love of Ours = = = +This Love of Ours is a 1945 American romantic drama movie directed by William Dieterle and was based on a play by Luigi Pirandello. It stars Merle Oberon, Claude Rains, Charles Korvin, Carl Esmond, Sue England, Jess Barker, Helene Thimig, Ralph Morgan, Harry Davenport, Howard Freeman and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946. It was distributed by Universal Pictures and was remade as "Never Say Goodbye" in 1956. + += = = Obscene phone call = = = +An obscene phone call is when someone uses bad, sexual or hateful language while talking to another person on a telephone. +In many U.S. states, making an obscene telephone call is a Class 1 Misdemeanor. +The victims of substandard or obscene telephone calls should hang up on the callers and report the incidents to their telephone company or local police. +Even if/when Caller IDs aren't shown, calls are logged by the telephone company. This is so the obscene caller's number can be discovered. But many obscene phone callers use payphones or mobile phones instead of regular landline phones. +Obscene phone callers are often male. However, there are many female obscene phone callers. +Some obscene phone callers have trouble forming relationships, so making obscene telephone calls is the only way they express themselves. +The usual age for making such telephone calls is the teenage years, particularly ages 12 to 16. The average age is 14. + += = = Caller ID = = = +Caller identification (Caller ID) is a telephone service. It is available in analog and digital telephone systems. That includes voice over IP (voIP). +The information received from the service is shown on a telephone display screen. +Type II caller ID. +In early 1995, Bellcore released another type of modulation, similar to Bell 202. It became possible to send caller ID information while a user was already on the telephone. This service became call waiting ID. +Smartphones use third-party mobile apps to do name look ups. + += = = Sylvirana montosa = = = +Sylvirana montosa is a frog from Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos. Scientists first saw it on Phou Khaonok Mountain, 545 meters above sea level. +Scientists think this frog is related to "Sylvirana mortenseni". + += = = Treaty of Nanking = = = +The British forced China to sign the Treaty of Nanking after China l the First Opium War in 1842. The treaty stated that China had to give Britain Hong Kong, 2 billion dollars cash, and open 5 port cities. This led China to give up sovereignty to Europe. + += = = Wopke Hoekstra = = = +Wopke Bastiaan Hoekstra (born 30 September 1975) is a Dutch politician and former consultant. He is party leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA). +Hoekstra studied law at Leiden University and obtained an MBA at INSEAD in Fontainebleau and Singapore. He worked at Shell and McKinsey & Company. +From 2011 to 2017 he was a member of the Senate. From 2017 to 2022 he was finance minister in the Third Rutte cabinet, as successor of Jeroen Dijsselbloem. He has been foreign minister and also second deputy prime minister in the Fourth Rutte cabinet since January 2022. +As successor of Hugo de Jonge, Hoekstra has been leading the CDA party since December 2020, and was therefore heading the CDA list for the general elections of 2021. +Wopke Hoekstra was born in Bennekom and is a Remonstrant. With his wife he has four children; they live in Bussum. + += = = Dil Chahta Hai = = = +Dil Chahta Hai (transl. The Heart Desires) is a 2001 Indian Hindi-language coming-of-age musical romantic comedy-drama movie, directed, produced, and written by Farhan Akhtar. It was also produced by Ritesh Sidhwani. The movie stars Aamir Khan, Saif Ali Khan, Akshaye Khanna, Preity Zinta, Sonali Kulkarni and Dimple Kapadia. The movie is set in present-day metropolitan Mumbai and Sydney, and spotlights on a significant time of progress in the romantic lives of three college-alumni friends. The music was composed by Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy. +The movie released on August 10, 2001 to positive reviews and was a success at the box office. In 2001, the movie won National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi. Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy won the Best Music Director award. + += = = Laistrygones = = = +The Laistrygones, Laestrygones or Lestrygonians are a race from ancient Greek mythology. They are giants who eat humans. They appear in the "Odyssey" by Homer. + += = = Bennekom = = = +Bennekom (Low Saxon: "Bennekum") is a village in the municipality of Ede, province of Gelderland, the Netherlands. +From 1812 to 1818 Bennekom also was a municipality. +About 15,000 people live in this village. +Bennekom lies south of the A24 motorway, and between the city of Ede in the north and the town of Wageningen in the south. + += = = Lotophagi = = = +A group of people also known as lotus eaters, who ate only lotus flowers, and were so addicted to them that they never left, they also offered these lotuses to Odysseus and his crew. The crew were very tempted to stay and eat lotus flowers, not knowing it would keep them there forever. But Odysseus pulled them back to the ship, leaving the island of the Lotophagi. + += = = Edith Bunker = = = +Edith Bunker is a fictional character from the 1970s sitcom "All in the Family". She is the kind but sometimes clueless wife to Archie Bunker in the show. Edith Bunker is played by actress Jean Stapleton. Edith was first seen in the first episode of "All in the Family" which premiered on January 12, 1971. Edith was also in "Archie Bunker's Place" a little but dies of a stroke when not on the show . + += = = Collective unconscious = = = +Collective unconscious refers to the things in the unconscious mind that are shared between beings of the same species. The term was made by Carl Jung. He said that the human collective unconscious is made up of instincts and archetypes. An archetype is a universal symbol. Some of the archetypes that Carl Jung talked about were The Great Mother, the Wise Old Man, the Shadow, Water, and the Tree of Life. He argued that the collective unconscious had a big influence on people's lives. Critics of the idea say that it is unscientific, fatalistic, or very hard to test scientifically. + += = = Tim McIntire = = = +Timothy John McIntire (July 19, 1944 – April 15, 1986) was an American actor who is best known for playing the fictional character Alan Freed in the movie "American Hot Wax" (1978). He played Dickie in the 1968 pilot episode of "All in the Family". But McIntire was replaced and the character's name was changed to "Michael Stivic". He is the son of John McIntire. McIntire had problems with alcohol and drugs and died on April 15, 1986 from congestive heart failure. + += = = Surströmming = = = +Surströmming is a Swedish dish that is made by fermenting herring. It has been made at least since the 16th century. The herring is caught in spring, and just enough salt will be added so it does not spoil. The herring will ferment for at least six months. As a result, the dish has a strong smell, and an acidic taste. Since the 1940s, it is forbidden to sell Surströmming of the same year before the third thursday in August. While the decree is no longer valid, the producers still keep that date as begin of the sales of this year's batch. Very often, Baltic herring is used instead of Atlantic herring. Baltic herring is much smaller. + += = = Girls in the Hood = = = +"Girls in the Hood" is a hip hop song under American rapper Megan Thee Stallion. The song is off her studio album "Good News" (2020). Writing credits were given to Ice Cube, Eazy-E and Dr. Dre. +The song heavily samples Eazy-E's 1987 song "Boyz-n-the-Hood". There is also a "modern" spin on the song. +The song is about misogyny (mistreatment of women by some men). +"Girls in the Hood" went to number 28 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100. + += = = Vincent Gardenia = = = +Vincent Gardenia (January 7, 1920 – December 9, 1992) was an Italian-American actor. He was born in Ercolano, Italy. In 1955, Gardenia was in "Gunsmoke". Vincent Gardenia played Frank Lorenzo in the famous 1970s sitcom "All in the Family". In 1990, Vincent won the Outstanding Supporting Actor award. +Gardenia died on December 9, 1992 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at the age of 72. + += = = Paris Underground (movie) = = = +Paris Underground, also known as Madame Pimpernel, is a 1945 American World War II drama movie directed by Gregory Ratoff and was based on the memoir of the same name by Etta Shiber. It stars Constance Bennett, Gracie Fields, Kurt Kreuger, Leslie Vincent, Eily Malyon, Gregory Gaye, George Rigaud, Vladimir Sokoloff, Richard Ryen and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946. + += = = Gloria Stivic = = = +Gloria Stivic is a fictional character from the American sitcom, "All in the Family" and "Gloria". Gloria is the only child of Archie Bunker and Edith Bunker. Gloria is married to Michael Stivic in the show and they have a son. But Gloria and Michael get divorced and Gloria raises her son by herself. Gloria is played by actress Sally Struthers. Gloria is played by Kelly Jean Peters in the first pilot episode of "All in the Family" and the by Candice Azzara in the second pilot. + += = = Michael Stivic = = = +Michael Stivic is a fictional character from the American sitcom, "All in the Family". Michael is played by actor Rob Reiner. Michael Stivic is of Polish descent and is the husband to Gloria Stivic in the show. They have one son together. Michael argues with Archie Bunker many times and Archie calls him a "Meathead." After the end of "All in the Family" Michael was in one episode of "Archie Bunker's Place" but Rob Reiner did not agree to play the character again in the show "Gloria". In "Gloria" it is said that Michael divorces Gloria to live at a commune in California with another woman. + += = = French hood = = = +A French hood is a type of hat or headdress. Women in Europe wore it in the 1500s. It had a stiff, crescent-shaped frame that fit over the head like a headband. The front and back sides of the frame had pearls, beads or other decoration on them. The headband was attached to pieces of cloth called lappets that either covered the back of the head and most of the wearer's hair or were flipped forward onto the head. +Anne Boleyn, the second wife of Henry VIII, was one of the first people in the English court to wear French hoods. +In popular culture. +In her novel "The Other Boleyn Girl", Philippa Gregory has Anne Boleyn and her friends wearing French hoods and Jane Seymour and her friends wearing gabled hoods. + += = = Candice Azzara = = = +Candice Azzara (born May 18, 1945) is an American actress. She was in the movies "Ocean's Twelve" and "Fatso". Azzara played Gloria Stivic is the second pilot episode of "All in the Family". + += = = Kubo and the Two Strings = = = +Kubo and the Two Strings is a 2016 American animated fantasy movie set in Japan. It stars Charlize Theron, Art Parkinson, Ralph Fiennes, George Takei, Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa, Brenda Vaccaro, Rooney Mara, and Matthew McConaughey. It was released on August 13, 2016. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Film. + += = = The Woman in the Window = = = +The Woman in the Window is a 1944 American crime thriller movie directed by Fritz Lang and was based on the novel "Once Off Guard" by J. H. Wallis. It stars Edward G. Robinson, Joan Bennett, Raymond Massey, Edmund Breon, Arthur Loft and was distributed by RKO Pictures. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946. + += = = Rhapsody in Blue (movie) = = = +Rhapsody in Blue is a 1945 American biographical movie directed by Irving Rapper and starring Robert Alda, Will Wright, Joan Leslie, Hazel Scott, Alexis Smith, Charles Coburn, Oscar Levant, Julie Bishop, Albert Bassermann, Al Jolson. It was distributed by Warner Bros. and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1946. + += = = Waterloo tube station = = = +Waterloo is a London Underground station located below Waterloo National Rail station. It was opened on 8 August 1898 and is one of the busiest stations in London. + += = = Tonight and Every Night = = = +Tonight and Every Night is a 1945 American musical movie directed by Victor Saville and was based on the 1942 play "Heart of the City" by Lesley Storm. It stars Rita Haywood, Lee Bowman, Janet Blair, Leslie Brooks, Dusty Anderson, Jim Bannon, Florence Bates and was distributed by Columbia Pictures and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1946. + += = = Sunbonnet Sue = = = +Subonnet Sue is a 1945 American musical comedy movie directed by Ralph Murphy and starring Gale Storm, Phil Regan, George Cleveland, Minna Gombell, Edna Holland, Raymond Hatton, Alan Mowbray. It was distributed by Monogram Pictures and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946. + += = = Samudragupta = = = +Samudragupta (Gupta script: "Sa-mu-dra-gu-pta", r. c. (350-375 CE) was a ruler of the Gupta Empire of Ancient India. He was a son of the emperor Chandragupta I and the Licchavi princess Kumaradevi. He greatly expanded his dynasty's political power. +The Allahabad Pillar inscription, a "prashasti" (eulogy) was written by his courtier Harishena. It told of his many military conquests. It suggests that he defeated several kings of northern India. Also, that he added their territories to his empire. He also marched along the south-eastern coast of India. He advanced to move as far as the Pallava kingdom. In addition, he subjugated several frontier kingdoms and tribal oligarchies. +Samudragupta performed the Ashvamedha sacrifice to prove his imperial sovereignty. According to his coins, he remained undefeated. His gold coins and inscriptions suggest that he was an accomplished poet. He also played music. His expansionist policy was continued by his son Chandragupta II. +The primary source for the military campaigns of Samudragupta is the Allahabad Pillar Inscription, which was inscribed during his reign and provides a general overview of his military conquests. Other historical sources, such as the Puranas and the works of Chinese and Greek historians, also provide some information about Samudragupta's reign, but do not provide a comprehensive list of all his military campaigns. +Now list for very minor camapaigns . It is not possible to provide an exhaustive list of all the battles, skirmishes, and campaigns fought by Samudragupta, as not all of them may be documented in historical records. However, here are some of the minor ones: +Ashmaka campaign +Kataka campaign +Maharashtrian campaign +Kosala campaign +Kalinga campaign +Davaka campaign +Nishada campaign +Keralaputra campaign +Mahendra mountain campaign +Avanti campaign +Surashtra campaign +Vanga campaign +Pundra campaign +Tamralipta campaign +Nepal campaign +Kamarupa campaign +Hunas campaign +Parvata campaign +Kira campaign +Vakataka campaign +Abhira campaign +Malava campaign +Gurjara campaign +Kshudraka campaign +Sakala campaign +Vatsa campaign +Bhoja campaign +Matsya campaign +Saurashtra campaign +Karttika campaign +Kirat campaign +Khasa campaign +Mekala campaign +Vanavasi campaign +Kanchi campaign +Kuntala campaign +Dravida campaign +Pandya campaign +Western Kshatrapa campaign +Andhra campaign +Trigarta campaign +Kaliṅga border campaign +Western Kalinga campaign +Magadha campaign +Jiradharini campaign +Yaudheya campaign +Arjunayana campaign +Ashwamedha campaign +Kosambi campaign +Panchala campaign +Mallas campaign +Madra campaign +Kuru campaign +Kekeya campaign +Utsava campaign +Malwa campaign +Shaka campaign +Saka campaign +Udumbara campaign +Bhairavapura campaign +Pragjyotisha campaign +Pundra-Vardhana campaign +Kambhoja campaign +Kirman campaign +Tuhara campaign +Kamboja campaign +Rishika campaign +Sibi campaign +Suvira campaign +Kuru-Panchala campaign +Kashmira campaign +Nepal campaign +Rishikulya campaign +Sindhu-Sauvira campaign +Shalva campaign +Andhaka campaign +Vaijayanti campaign +Kanchi campaign +Karavira campaign +Kodumba campaign +Kalinga campaign +Andhraka campaign +Mekala campaign +Vatapi campaign +Cheras campaign +Gauda campaign +Magadha campaign +Koshala campaign +Panchala campaign +Vatsa campaign +Dandabhukti campaign +Vanga campaign +Pundra campaign +Tamralipta campaign +Kamarupa campaign +Nepal campaign +Kirata campaign +Mahakantara campaign +Mlechchha campaign +Huna campaign +These are 100minor campaigns +And +MAJOR BATTLES OF SAMUDRAGUPTA: +Campaign against the Nagas of Padmavati +Campaign against the Kuru kingdom +Campaign against the Malavas +Campaign against the Yaudheyas +Campaign against the Arjunayanas +Campaign against the Madras +Campaign against the Abhiras +Campaign against the Kanchis +Campaign against the Pandyas +Campaign against the Cholas +Campaign against the Kalachuris +Campaign against the Kamarupa kingdom +Campaign against the Hunas. +Often these are considered as battles where samudragupta was never defeated however there may be battles excluding these where he may have lost and we don't know the Source for this yet. +Extent of the empire. +Samudragupta's empire included a core territory in northern India. It was directly controlled by the emperor. Besides, it included some monarchical and tribal tributary states. Historian R. C. Majumdar theorizes that Samudragupta directly controlled an area extending from the Ravi River (Punjab) in the west to the Brahmaputra River (Bengal and Assam) in the east, and from the Himalayan foothills in the north to the Vindhya hills in the south. The south-western boundary of his territory roughly followed a line drawn from present-day Karnal to Bhilsa. +In the south, Samudragupta's empire definitely included Eran in present-day Madhya Pradesh. On there, his inscription has been found. The Allahabad Pillar inscription suggests that he reached early up to Kanchipuram in the south. However, since the claims in the Allahabad Pillar inscription are from a royal eulogy, they must be treated with danger. +Personality. +Samudragupta's coins show him as a tall, strong man. The Allahabad Pillar inscription presents him as a compassionate ruler. It was stated that his "mind was engaged in providing relief to the low, the poor, the helpless, and the afflicted". It also stated that he reinstated many royal families which had lost their kingdoms, including the kings defeated by him. At the same time, it states that he maintained strict administration ("Prachanda shasana"). +The inscription states that Samudragupta became famous among the learned people because of his poetical works. He earned the epithet "king of poets". This suggests that he composed some poetical works. But none of these works now survive. +The inscription also says that Samudragupta embarrassed the celestial musician Tumburu and Narada by his lovely performances of music. Samudragupta's musical talents are also corroborated by his gold coins which depict him playing a veena. +The inscription praises Samudragupta's wisdom and intellect. It was stated that he was smarter than the preceptor of the Lord of the Gods (that is, Brihaspati). + += = = Wonder Man (movie) = = = +Wonder Man is a 1945 American musical movie directed by H. Bruce Humberstone and was based on the short story by Arthur Sheekman. It stars Danny Kaye, Donald Woods, Virginia Mayo, Vera-Ellen, Allen Jenkins, Edward Brophy, Steve Cochran, Otto Kruger and won an Academy Award in 1946 and was nominated for 2 others. It was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. + += = = Why Girls Leave Home = = = +Why Girls Leave Home is a 1945 American drama movie directed by William Berke and starring Lola Lane, Sheldon Leonard, Pamela Blake, Elisha Cook Jr., Paul Guilfoyle, Constance Worth, Claudia Drake, Virginia Brissac, Fred Kohler. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1946. + += = = Kizuna AI = = = + is a Japanese virtual YouTuber. She has around 5 million followers on YouTube and Bilibili. Kizuna AI posted her first YouTube video on her “A.I. Channel” on 29 November 2016. She opened a second channel, “A.I.Games” on 29 November 2016, and a third channel, “A.I.Channel China” in June 2019 for people in China. +Kizuna says that she is the world's first virtual YouTuber. However the first channel to use a character made with computer graphics on YouTube was Ami Yamato. Kizuna’s videos are similar to many other YouTubers. She does discussions, Q&A videos, and “Let’s Play” videos. Kizuna only speaks Japanese, so fans write translations for her videos. Kizuna has performed at anime gatherings and has also worked with game companies. +Kizuna AI was made by a company called Activ8 in 2016. She is part of a project called "Project A.I.”. In 2018, the project was moved to an in-house agency called “upd8". On 24 April 2020, the project was moved to a new company called Kizuna AI Inc. At the same time, Nozomi Kasuga, a Japanese voice actress, announced that she was the voice of Kizuna AI. Kasuga is also the advisor of the new company. Kizuna AI Inc. started business on 11 May 2020. The CEO is Eriko Matsumoto. +Production. +Kizuna is an online virtual character made with software. The people behind Kizuna, such as video animators, producers, video editors, and players of games are unknown. Kizuna’s videos are made by Activ8 in Tokyo. +Personality. +Kizuna knows that she is a virtual character and says that she is a self-thinking artificial intelligence. +Kizuna introduces herself in her first video. Her name, “AI” is related to the kanji “�” meaning love. Her surname “Kizuna” means to connect. Kizuna is designed as a young animated girl. + += = = Can't Help Singing = = = +Can't Help Singing is a 1944 American western musical movie directed by Frank Ryan and was based on the story by John D. Klorer and Leo Townsend. It stars Deanna Durbin, Robert Paige, Akim Tamiroff, Leonid Kinskey, June Vincent, Andrew Tombes, Thomas Gomez and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1946. It was distributed by Universal Pictures. + += = = Grand Union Canal (old) = = = +The Grand Union Canal was a canal in England from Foxton, Leicestershire on the Leicestershire and Northamptonshire Union Canal to Norton Junction, close to Long Buckby Wharf on the Grand Junction Canal. +It now forms the first of the Leicester Section, a branch of the much bigger modern Grand Union Canal. +The creation of the canal system in central England was hugely important to the industrial revolution. It allowed the raw materials and the products to be moved cheaply. Many factories back onto rivers or canals all over industrial England. Moving heavy loads is cheapest and best done on water. + += = = Grand Union Canal = = = +The Grand Union Canal in England is part of the British canal system. Its main line starts in London and ends in Birmingham. It is with 166 locks. It has arms to places including Leicester, Slough, Aylesbury, Wendover and Northampton. +The Grand Union Canal was also the original name for what now generally referred to as the Old Grand Union Canal to avoid ambiguity. + += = = Imus = = = +Imus is a "de jure" city in the province of Cavite, is known the official capital of the province after Trece Martires it is also knowned nicknamed as the "Christmas Capital of the Philippines". The former municipality was officially converted into a city following a referendum on June 30, 2012. Because of its location at the entrance to Cavite from Metro Manila, Imus was the site of two major Katipunero victories during the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish. + += = = Sylvirana lacrima = = = +The Chin woodfrog or crying stream frog ("Sylvirana lacrima") is a frog from Myanmar. Scientists first saw it near Hteen Chaung Village, 443 meters above sea level. +Scientists think this might be related to "Sylvirana nigrovittata". + += = = Ali Ansarian = = = +Ali Ansarian (; 5 July 1977 – 3 February 2021) was an Iranian football player. He died on 3 February 2021 due to COVID-19. +Honours. +Persepolis +Shahin Bushehr + += = = Acasta Gneiss = = = +The Acasta Gneiss is the oldest rock in the world. It is in the Slave craton in Northwest Territories, Canada. +The rock body is exposed on an island about 300 kilometres north of Yellowknife. The rock of the outcrop was metamorphosed 3.58 to 4.031 billion (109) years ago. It is the oldest known intact crustal fragment on Earth. +The nearby Acasta River east of Great Bear Lake gave the rock its name. It is the oldest known exposed rock in the world. +The rock, before it was metamorphized, was a granitoid that formed 4.03 billion years ago. This age is based on radiometric dating of zircon crystals at 4.031x109 years. The Acasta Gneiss is important in establishing the early history of the continental crust. + += = = Council for Mutual Economic Assistance = = = +The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance () was an economic organization from 1949 to 1991 under the leadership of the Soviet Union that consisted of Eastern Bloc countries along with other socialist states all over the world. +Comecon was set up to stop countries in the Soviet sphere of influence from moving towards that of the capitalist United States and the West. Comecon was how the Eastern Bloc responded to the Marshall Plan of the United States. + += = = Nika Melia = = = +Nikanor "Nika" Melia (born 21 December 1979) is a Georgian politician. He was a member of Parliament of Georgia from 2016 to 2019. He is also a member of parliament of Georgia from United National Movement since December 2020. He holds a master's degree in International Relations from Oxford Brookes University. + += = = Origin of water on Earth = = = +The origin of water on Earth is only barely known. All life on Earth needs water, and most types of life started in the sea. Earth is the only planet known with liquid water on its surface. The water on Earth may have come from the Solar System as it formed, or it may have formed on Earth. Both are possible. We do know that hydrogen and oxygen, the elements that constitute water come from stars. Oxygen is created through fusion of helium and carbon atoms inside the core of red giants. +Earth is in the habitable zone, it is not so far from the Sun that all water freezes, and not so close to the Sun that all water evaporates. This is why liquid water, important for all life, still exists on the surface of Earth. +A long time ago, scientists thought that water on Earth did not come from the planet’s region of the protoplanetary disk. Instead, it was thought water must have been delivered to Earth from the outer Solar System later in its history. However, recent research suggests that hydrogen inside the Earth played a role in the formation of the ocean. The two ideas are not mutually exclusive: there is evidence water was delivered to Earth by impacts from icy planetesimals similar in composition to asteroids in the outer edges of the asteroid belt. +One problem that hasn't been solved is that the noble gas isotope ratios of Earth's atmosphere are different than those of its mantle. This might mean they were created from different sources. + += = = Untriseptium = = = +Untriseptium (), also called eka-dubnium or element 137, is a possible chemical element which has not been synthesized. Due to instabilities, it is not known if this element is possible, as the instabilities may hint that the periodic table ends soon after the island of stability at unbihexium. Its atomic number is 137 and symbol is Uts. +The name "untriseptium" is a temporary name. +Importance. +It is sometimes called feynmanium (symbol Fy) because Richard Feynman noted that a simplistic interpretation of the relativistic Dirac equation runs into problems with electron orbitals at "Z" > 1/� = 137, suggesting that neutral atoms cannot exist beyond untriseptium, and that a periodic table of elements based on electron orbitals breaks down at this point. However, a more thorough analysis calculates the limit to be around element 173. + += = = Aleksandr Nazarchuk = = = +Aleksandr Nazarchuk (6 August 1939 – 1 February 2021) was a Russian politician. He was Minister of Agriculture from 1994 to 1996. He also was Chairman of the Altai Krai Legislative Assembly. + += = = Héctor Epalza Quintero = = = +Héctor Epalza Quintero (4 June 1940 – 2 February 2021) was a Colombian Roman Catholic bishop. Epalza Quintero was born in Bogota, Colombia. He became a priest in 1965. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Buenaventura, Colombia from 2004 until 2017. +Epalza Quintero died on 2 February 2021 in Buenaventura, Columbia at the age of 80. + += = = Fausta Morganti = = = +Fausta Simona Morganti (20 August 1944 – 2 February 2021) was a Sammarinese politician. She was one of the two Captains Regent of San Marino. Morganti was elected for the six-months term from 1 April 2005 to 1 October 2005, with Cesare Gasperoni. Morganti was a member of the Party of Democrats. +She died of COVID-19 in San Marino on 2 February 2021, aged 76. + += = = Frank Baude = = = +Frank Torvald Baude (6 July 1936 – 4 February 2021) was a Swedish politician and bricklayer. He was chairman of the Communist Party Marxist-Leninists (the revolutionaries) from 1970 to 1998. He was born in Gothenburg, Sweden. +Baude died in Gothenburg from a heart attack on 4 February 2021, aged 84. + += = = Lokman Slim = = = +Lokman Mohsen Slim (; 17 July 1962 – 4 February 2021) was a Lebanese publisher and independent social and political activist. He was a commentator on Lebanese and Middle East politics. He was a well known critic of the Hezbollah. +Death. +On the night of 3 February 2021, during the lockdown, Lokman was returning alone in his rented car to Beirut, after visiting a friend in the village of Niha, Tyre District, and was not traceable in the next hours. Later, Slim's car was discovered in a remote area between the villages of Addousiyeh and Tafahta in southern al Zahrani district, Sidon District, where he was found shot to death in his car in southern Lebanon on the next day of morning. He was 58 years old. + += = = Samuel Vestey, 3rd Baron Vestey = = = +Samuel George Armstrong Vestey, 3rd Baron Vestey, (19 March 1941 – February 2021) was a British peer, landowner, and businessman. Lord Vestey was Master of the Horse to The Queen. He was Chairman of the Vestey Holdings. +Vestey was appointed as a permanent Lord-in-waiting to The Queen in August 2019. +His death was announced on 4 February 2021, aged 79. + += = = You're the Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me = = = +"You're the Best Thing That Ever Happened To Me" — also known simply as "Best Thing That Ever Happened To Me" — is a song written by Jim Weatherly. It was produced by Don Law. It was first recorded in 1973 by Ray Price from his album "You're the Best Thing That Ever Happened To Me". +Many singers recorded their own versions of the song such as: Gladys Knight, Dean Martin, Steve Lawrence and Andy Williams. + += = = Kris De Bruyne = = = +Kristiaan “Kris” De Bruyne (20 March 1950 – 3 February 2021) was a Belgian singer-songwriter and guitarist. He was born in Antwerp, Belgium. His best known songs are "Amsterdam", "Vilvoorde City", "Lydia d'Ile Dieu", "Het Varken van de Hoge Venen", "Waar ik voor leef", "Lieve Jacoba", "Ballerina's", "De peulschil", and "De onverbiddelijke zoener". +De Bruyne died on 3 February 2021 in Antwerp, aged 70. + += = = Jim Weatherly = = = +James Dexter Weatherly (March 17, 1943February 3, 2021) was an American singer-songwriter. He wrote mostly pop and country music. His best-known song is "Midnight Train to Georgia", recorded by Gladys Knight & the Pips. It peaked to number 1 on the pop and R&B charts, and went on to win a Grammy Award. +He also wrote "Neither One of Us (Wants to Be the First to Say Goodbye)" and "Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me". +He played quarterback at the University of Mississippi. +Weatherly died on February 3, 2021, at his home in Brentwood, Tennessee at the age of 77. + += = = Patrick Lebon = = = +Patrick Lebon (2 January 1940 – 3 February 2021) was a Belgian movie director and screenwriter. He was born in Antwerp, Belgium. His career began in 1965 with the movie "Huuh huuh". He also directed "Salut en de kost", ', "Zaman", and '. Many of his movies are thought to be the best Belgian movies of all time. +Lebon died on 3 February 2021 in Antwerp, aged 81. + += = = Abdoul Aziz Mbaye = = = +Abdoul Aziz Mbaye (18 October 1954 – 3 February 2021) was a Senegalese politician. He was Chief of Staff for President Macky Sall. He was appointed Minister of Culture on 29 October 2012. He was born in Dakar, French West Africa. +Mbaye died of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Senegal on 3 February 2021, at the age of 66. + += = = Pong Sarasin = = = +Pong Sarasin (Thai: ���� ������; 16 July 1927 – 3 February 2021) was a Thai businessman and politician. He was a member of Major General Chatichai Choonhavan and Prem Tinsulanonda's cabinet. He was acting Deputy Prime Minister from 1986 to 1990. +Sarasin died on 3 February 2021 in Bangkok, aged 93. + += = = Jean-Daniel Simon = = = +Jean-Daniel Simon (30 November 1942 – 3 February 2021) was a French movie director, screenwriter and actor. He directed eight movies between 1968 and 1985. He was known for his movies "Vice and Virtue" (1963), "Love at Sea" (1964), "Adélaïde" (1968) and "Camp de Thiaroye" (1988). Simon was born in Salon-de-Provence, Bouches-du-Rhône, France. +Simon died on 3 February 2021 in Paris, aged 78. + += = = Albán Vermes = = = +Albán Vermes (19 June 1957 – 3 February 2021) was a Hungarian swimmer. He participated at the 1980 Summer Olympics, winning a silver medal in 200 metre breaststroke. He was born in Eger, Hungary. +Vermes died on 3 February 2021, aged 63. + += = = Wayne Terwilliger = = = +Willard Wayne Terwilliger (June 27, 1925 – February 3, 2021), nicknamed "Twig", was an American professional baseball second baseman. He played nine seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) between 1949 and 1960. He played for the Chicago Cubs, Brooklyn Dodgers, Washington Senators, New York Giants, and Kansas City Athletics. Terwilliger was born in Clare, Michigan. +Terwilliger died on February 3, 2021 in Weatherford, Texas from problems caused by dementia and bladder cancer, aged 95. + += = = Margreth Weivers = = = +Margreth Weivers (24 July 1926 – 3 February 2021) was a Swedish actress. She appeared in more than 100 movies and television shows. Her career began in 1943. She was born in Stockholm, Sweden. +Weivers was known for her roles in "A Swedish Love Story" (1970), "The Man from Majorca" (1984), "Det är långt till New York" (1988), "Lotta på Bråkmakargatan" (1992), "Spring of Joy" (1993), "Lotta flyttar hemifrån" (1993), "Glasblåsarns barn" (1998), "En häxa i familjen" (2000), "Jönssonligan spelar högt" (2000) and "The Dog Hotel" (2000). +Weivers died on 3 February 2021 in Stockholm, aged 94. + += = = Haya Harareet = = = +Haya Harareet () (20 September 1931 – 3 February 2021) was an Israeli actress. She was best known for playing Esther, Charlton Heston's love interest in the 1959 movie "Ben Hur". Harareet was born in Haifa, Mandatory Palestine (present-day Israel). Her career lasted from 1955 to 1974. +Harareet died on 3 February 2021 in Marlow, Buckinghamshire at the age of 89. + += = = Tony Trabert = = = +Marion Anthony Trabert (August 16, 1930 – February 3, 2021) was an American amateur World No. 1 tennis player and commentator. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He won the French Open in 1954 and 1955, the Australian Open in 1955 the Wimbledon Championships in 1955, and the US Open in 1953, 1954 and 1955. +Trabert died on February 3, 2021 at his home in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida at the age of 90. + += = = Robert A. Altman = = = +Robert Alan Altman (February 23, 1947 – February 4, 2021) was an American business executive and lawyer. He was the co-founder, chairman, and CEO of ZeniMax Media. He worked as a lawyer in Washington, D.C. Altman also was on the Advisory Board of The George Washington University Law School. +From 1984 until his death, Altman was married to actress Lynda Carter. They had two children. +Altman died on February 4, 2021 at a hospital in Baltimore, Maryland from leukemia, aged 73. + += = = Hichem Mechichi = = = +Hichem Mechichi (; born January 1974) is a Tunisian politician. On 2 September 2020, he became the Prime Minister of Tunisia. He was the Minister of the Interior from February to September 2020. + += = = María Alejandra Muñoz = = = +María Alejandra Muñoz Seminario (born 18 September 1979) is an Ecuadorian politician and lawyer. She was the Vice President of Ecuador from 2020 until 2021. She is the third female to hold this position, after Rosalía Arteaga and Maria Alejandra Vicuña. +On July 17, 2020, Muñoz was elected as vice president by the National Assembly, after receiving 75 votes in favor of her election. She was sworn in on July 22, 2020. + += = = Upper mantle = = = +The upper mantle is a part of the Earth's mantle. The upper mantle begins below the Earth's crust and it ends at a depth of around 410 kilometres. The upper mantle is made up of two sections, the lithosphere and the asthenosphere. + += = = David Harvey = = = +David W. Harvey (born 31 October 1935) is a British-born Marxist economic geographer. He is a professor of anthropology and geography at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York (CUNY). He is known for his support of the idea of the right to the city. +In 2007, Harvey was listed as the 18th most-cited author of books in the humanities and social sciences in that year. + += = = D. N. Jha = = = +Dwijendra Narayan Jha (died 4 February 2021) was an Indian historian of ancient and medieval India. He was a professor of history at Delhi University. He was a member of the Indian Council of Historical Research. He was a known critic of against Hindu nationalist ideology. +Jha died on 4 February 2021, at age 81. + += = = Adelaide João = = = +Adelaide João (born Maria da Glória Pereira da Silva; 27 July 1921 – 3 February 2021) was a Portuguese actress. She was Lisbon, Portugal. Her career began in 1960. She starred in "The End of the World", which was shown at the 1993 Cannes Film Festival. +João died on 3 February 2021 from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal in Lisbon, aged 99. + += = = Centerville, Tennessee = = = +Centerville is a town in Hickman County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 3,532 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat, and the only incorporated city or town in Hickman County. + += = = David Shepard (politician) = = = +David A. Shepard (October 6, 1947 – February 4, 2021) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the Tennessee House of Representatives from 2001 to 2017. In November 2018, Shepard was elected Dickson County Commissioner. He was born in Centerville, Tennessee. +Shepard died on February 4, 2021 in Charlotte, Tennessee at the age of 73. + += = = Arizona House of Representatives = = = +The Arizona House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Arizona. +The upper house is the Senate. Its members are elected to two-year terms with a term limit of four terms (eight years). Members of the Republican Party currently hold a narrow majority in the House. + += = = Arizona Senate = = = +The Arizona Senate is part of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the US state of Arizona. The Senate is made up of 30 members. Members serve two-year terms with term limits that limit Senators to four terms for a total of eight years. Members of the Republican Party are currently the majority in the Senate. + += = = Stellar black hole = = = +A stellar black hole (or stellar-mass black hole) is a type of black hole formed by the gravitational collapse of a star. +For one to be made, a star five to several tens the mass of our Sun must explode into a supernova. +The process is seen as a hypernova explosion, or as a gamma ray burst. These black holes are also called collapsars. + += = = Putin's Palace (movie) = = = +Putin's palace. History of world's largest bribe is a 2021 Russian documentary movie made by the Anti-Corruption Foundation (FBK). The documentary is about the building of "Putin's Palace". +Putin said that he did not own the palace. He said that this palace was created for foreign services and was built for scenery. He said that the movie is a fake. + += = = Bullion = = = +Bullion (from the french word for "boiling") refers to coins, jewellery and bars made of a precious metal such as gold or silver, that are bought and stored simply as an investment in the prices of the metal(s) they are made of. Although precious metal bullion is no longer used to make coins for general circulation, it continues to be held as an investment with a reputation for stability in periods of economic uncertainty. +Unlike numismatic coins, a bullion coin is a coin, new or old, that is bought only for the price of the metal it is made of, not for its condition, age or any other value, british gold sovereigns are a common historic bullion coin, and most countries produce a coin meant solely for bullion purposes in different weights, e.g american silver eagle. +Bullion can also be in the form of bars of precious metal in different weights (and thus sizes) bars can easily be stacked and are easier to sort then coins as only the weight needs to be taken into consideration. +It may also be jewellery such as neck chains, pocket watch cases and pendants. +Typical bullion metals include: +Due to it's relatively small size and high value, bullion is often stolen in robberies and burglaries, as a result it is mainly stored in safes, some people who invest in bullion may choose to pay to have it stored in a safe deposit box at a local bank, rather then a safe in their own home. +"Stacking" is an informal term for the act of collecting bullion. +Low value bullion is sometimes carried in a pocket or worn as jewellery. + += = = Texas's 13th congressional district = = = +Texas's 13th congressional district is a congressional district from the state of Texas. The district is made up of most of the Texas Panhandle. The cities in the district are Amarillo, Gainesville and Wichita Falls. The 13th district is bigger than thirteen states. The district elects a representative to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Ronny Jackson. The district votes for Republicans almost every election. + += = = 117th United States Congress = = = +The 117th United States Congress was the 117th legislative cycle for the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It started on January 3, 2021, as a result of the 2020 United States Senate elections, 2020 United States House of Representatives elections and the 2020 United States presidential election. The 117th Congress ended on January 3, 2023, while the 118th United States Congress began that same day. The Democratic Party controlled the Senate and the House of Representatives. In the Senate there are 50 Democratic senators and 50 Republican senators. Vice President of the United States, Kamala Harris only votes when it is a tie. She votes for the Democrats. In the House of Representatives, the Democrats have 221 people and the Republicans have 211. +Leadership. +Senate. +President of the Senate. +The President of the Senate is Kamala Harris. (D) +Senate President Pro Tempore. +The President Pro Tempore of the Senate is Patrick Leahy. (D) +Senate Majority Leader. +The Senate Majority Leader is Chuck Schumer. (D) +Senate Minority Leader. +The Senate Minority Leader is Mitch McConnell. (R) +Senate Majority Whip. +The Senate Majority Whip is Dick Durbin. (D) +Senate Minority Whip. +The Senate Minority Whip is John Thune. (R) +House. +Speaker. +The Speaker of the United States House of Representatives is Nancy Pelosi. (D) +Majority Leader. +The House Majority Leader is Steny Hoyer. (D) +Minority Leader. +The House Minority Leader is Kevin McCarthy. (R) +Majority Whip. +The House Majority Whip is Jim Clyburn. +Minority Whip. +The House Minority Whip is Steve Scalise. (R) + += = = Incendiary Blonde = = = +Incendiary Blonde is a 1945 American biographical musical drama movie directed by George Marshall and starring Betty Hutton, Arturo de Córdova, Charlie Ruggles, Barry Fitzgerald, Albert Dekker, Bill Goodwin, Eduardo Ciannelli. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946. + += = = Hitchhike to Happiness = = = +Hitchhike to Happiness is a 1945 American musical movie directed by Joseph Santley and starring Al Pearce, Dale Evans, William Frawley, Jerome Cowan, Willie Trenk, Arlene Harris, Joyce Compton, Irving Bacon. It was distributed by Republic Pictures and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946. + += = = Government Seal of Japan = = = +The Government Seal of Japan is one of the country's national seals. It looks like a flowering plant called a paulownia. The government of Japan and cabinet use it. It is one of many paulownia mon, collectively known as the Paulownia Seals (��, kirimon) or the Paulownia Flower Seals (���, tōkamon). +The seal is the official emblem of the Japanese Prime Minister and the Cabinet. +The 5–7 Paulownia (���, go-shichi (no) kiri) is used as the official emblem of the Prime Minister of Japan. It looks like a stylized paulownia plant with 5–7–5 flowers. +Before the Chrysanthemum Seal was used extensively, the Paulownia Seal originally was the private symbol of the Japanese Imperial Family, from as early as the sixteenth century. The Toyotomi clan, led by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, later adopted the Paulownia Seal to be their family crest. After the Meiji Restoration, the seal was eventually adopted as the emblem of the Japanese government. +It is now still mainly used by the Japanese government, as a contrast to the Chrysanthemum Seal which represents the Emperor as the symbol of the sovereignty of the State, and members of the Imperial Family. + += = = 2021 Russian protests = = = +The 2021 Russian protests are a series of street protests in support of Alexei Navalny. They were caused by his locking up and the release of Alexei Navalny's film Putin's palace. History of world's largest bribe. They began on 23 January 2021. They are taking place in Russia. People are taking themselves on the streets in support of the Russian people in other countries too. + += = = Anloo = = = +Anloo is a small village in the municipality of Aa en Hunze, province of Drenthe, the Netherlands. +As of 2020, about 450 people lived in the village. +Anloo also was a municipality until 1998. + += = = Gasselte = = = +Gasselte is a small village in the municipality of Aa en Hunze, province of Drenthe, the Netherlands. +As of 2020, about 1,800 people lived in the village. +Gasselte also was a municipality until 1998. + += = = Gieten = = = +Gieten is a village in the municipality of Aa en Hunze, province of Drenthe, the Netherlands. +As of 2020, about 5,000 people lived in the village. +Gieten also was a municipality until 1998. + += = = Rolde = = = +Rolde is a village in the municipality of Aa en Hunze, province of Drenthe, the Netherlands. +As of 2020, about 3,800 people lived in the village. +Rolde also was a municipality until 1998. + += = = Putin's Palace = = = +"Putin's Palace" (), is also known as the Residence at Cape Idokopas. +It is a palace on the Black Sea coast near Gelendzhik, Krasnodar Krai, Russia. Sergei Kolesnikov and the Anti-Corruption Foundation (FBK), led by Alexei Navalny, said the palace was built for President Vladimir Putin. +On 30 January 2021, Arkady Rotenberg said he owned the palace. Rotenberg said that he wanted the residence to be an apartment hotel. +Location. +The house is on Cape Idokopas, near Praskoveevka. + += = = Guest in the House = = = +Guest in the House (re-release title Satan in Skirts) is a 1944 American thriller movie directed by John Brahm and was based on the play of the same name. It stars Anne Baxter, Ralph Bellamy, Aline MacMahon, Ruth Warrick, Marie McDonald, Jerome Cowan, Percy Kilbride and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946. + += = = G. I. Honeymoon = = = +G. I. Honeymoon is a 1945 American comedy movie directed by Phil Karlson and starring Gale Storm, Peter Cookson, Arline Judge, Frank Jenks, Jerome Cowan. It was distributed by Monogram Pictures and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946. + += = = Guest Wife = = = +Guest Wife is a 1945 American comedy movie directed by Sam Wood and starring Claudette Colbert, Don Ameche, Dick Foran, Charles Dingle, Irving Bacon. It was distributed by United Artists and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946. + += = = Windows Mobile 6.5 = = = +Windows Mobile 6.5 is a seventh and final released for Windows Mobile, was another product names is Windows Mobile 7, is the final officially released for Windows Mobile development for Microsoft, Windows Mobile 7 is an names from the development Windows Mobile 6.5, not codenamed, was released on May 11, 2009, the Windows Mobile operating system can be extended support after on July 15, 2011, at the Official from Microsoft on 2011. +History. +Windows Mobile 7 was a officially names have a more features codenamed from the Windows Mobile 6.5 development, was starting history development for Windows Mobile 6.5 until January 14, 2008. After the release for milestone 2 has been a Windows Mobile 7 build 6200, the based from Windows Mobile 6.1, has been history at the Official Development Company on 2008, in July 2008, the Windows Mobile 7 build 6308 has been leaked from the download website for Microsoft official, in Windows Mobile 7 build 6480 has been from Microsoft released on February 18, 2008. Windows Mobile 7 build 6489 has been freeded download from people has been beginning until February 26, 2008. In March 14, 2008, Windows Mobile 7 build 6489 is leaked from the server in development, the Windows Mobile 7 build 6528 and 6630 has been released on March 21, 2008 and build 6630 released on March 31, 2008, is still leaked until December 7, 2020. In April 2008, Microsoft have the news development has been beta version from Windows Mobile 7 build 7000 released until July 11, 2008. Windows Mobile 7 build 7100 has been released on July 29, 2008. Leaked on July 14, 2020. The first day after ended support on 2013, in August 2008, Windows Mobile 7 build 7200 is the first release from beta version in Windows Mobile 6.5 development was released on August 2. In December 2008, Microsoft starting notification the Windows Mobile 7 has renamed is Windows Mobile 6.5 is ready released, has been released for pubilc until May 11, 2009. In January 24, 2009. Microsoft leaked sale beginning from the Windows Mobile 7 build 7100 beta has been freeded buying from people. +After Microsoft notification people can trying installing Windows Mobile 7 build 7100 beta, has been on 8GB disk space support from LG and Vodafone, in May 11, 2009, Microsoft can released for Windows Mobile 6.5 in officially from Microsoft Corporation, has been 10 device can launch for LG, HTC and Vodafone. In June 18, 2009. Microsoft can use security update from Windows Mobile 2003 can be ended, must be upgrade to Windows Mobile 6.5. +Features. +User interface and Start button. +The Windows Mobile 6.5 has been a touch button from phones, look like a Windows Mobile 2003, the Start button can upside on a apps menu, Start button can use for name "Windows Start" can be look like a Windows Mobile 2003, based on Windows Mobile 5.0, Windows Mobile 6.0 and Windows Mobile 6.1, in app, look in the clock numbers, text and calendar in e-mail, taskbar can just no based Windows Live Search, Internet Explorer Mobile can running on Windows Mobile 6.5, in wallpaper from Windows Mobile 7 can look like from the Windows Mobile 5.0, in Start button, have the Windows Classic Start, each for e-mail, calendar and Windows Live Search developed, look like Pocket PC 2002, in Start button, not iducle support from the Xbox 360 games shortcut in Windows Mobile 6.5, in support for Vodafone, use from 8GB disk space from settings phone, has been the shutdown option, start screen not support, and startup screen. +Windows Live and Xbox. +In Windows Mobile 6.5, Windows Live can be support from Internet Explorer Mobile 8, it all based for Internet Explorer Mobile 7, Windows Live could be like Xbox 360 games and Bing search, in MSN Search from development Windows Mobile 6.5, in based for Windows Mobile 2003, can be Windows Live Search, MSN Search and Bing search, has no support iducle from Google Search, in Bing news, Windows Live News Website and Windows Live Essentials from Family Pack, in all five Windows Live just like Windows Live Messenger, Windows Live Photo Gallery and Windows Meeting Space can be used from Windows Mobile 6.5. +Future from calendar and email. +In email app, look like Windows Live Mails, can be support from more website and sending from news people in Microsoft, in enterprise and consumer people can working email sending from Windows Mobile 6.5, in beta version, can choice from the Family Pack from Xbox 360 games can until not support, in calendar, they have create from the years can be eve and holiday day, from people can live in Windows Live Meeting Space, from the Windows Live development. + += = = Jacques = = = +Jacques [ zhahk ] is a French male given name and surname. +Jacques is from the Latin name Jacobus. It is a masculine name that means "supplanter" or "one who follows". It is also associated with the Hebrew name Yaakov, which means "he who supplants". +This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021). + += = = Sophie = = = +Sophie is a version of the female given name Sophia, meaning "wisdom". Sophie is a name of Greek origin, derived from the word “sophia” which means “wisdom”. It is a popular name for girls, and is often seen as a symbol of intelligence and knowledge. The name is also associated with the goddess of wisdom, Sophia. The pronunciation of the name is [ soh-fee ]. This name was ranked #76 on the US Popular Names in 2021. + += = = Hylarana malayana = = = +The Malaya stream frog, Malay woodfrog, or Malayan dark-side frog ("Hylarana malayana") is a frog from Myanmar and India. +Scientists think this might be related to "Sylvirana nigrovittata". +The adult male frog is 42.2–48.8 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 47.2–56.8 mm long. This frog is medium-brown in color with small dark spots. Its mouth is white. It has a wide, dark stripe down each side of its body, from its nose to where its legs meet its body. Its belly is white. +This frog has vomerine teeth in its jaw. It has disks on its toes for climbing. The adult male frog has stronger front legs than the adult female frog. +The scientists who wrote the first paper about this frog named it "malayana" because it is the only frog in its group that lives in Peninsular Malaysia. + += = = Opekta = = = +Opekta was a European pectin and spice company that existed between 1928 and 1995. Anne Frank's father worked for it. It became popular and renamed to Anne Frank House as the Legacy of Anne Frank grows, and her book "The Diary of a Young Girl". + += = = Hurricane Ethel (1960) = = = +Hurricane Ethel was one of two major hurricanes in the 1960 Atlantic hurricane season. The sixth known tropical cyclone, fifth named storm, and fourth hurricane of the season, Ethel was created from a disturbance in the Gulf of Mexico on September 14. + += = = History of modern Kangleipak = = = +The history of Modern Kangleipak or Modern Manipur covers the history of Manipur from the Seven Years Devastation from the Burmese Empire to the present day. +Seven Years Devastation. +The Burmese invaded Manipur several times but the most notable one was in 1819, during the reign of King Marjit. The Burmese occupied Manipur from 1819 to 1826. During this time, Manipur was devastated and there was chaos and anarchy everywhere. This dark period is called Chahi Taret Khuntakpa (Seven Years Devastation). +Manipuri Levy. +There were exploitations of the Manipuri Levy, which was the first standing army of Manipur, born out of Manipur National Struggle against the Burmese rule during the Seven Years Devastation. +Anglo-Manipuri War. +In the year 1891, the historic Anglo-Manipuri war (Manipur's National Liberation Struggle) took place. The Manipuri soldiers showed their might in the losing battle, sacrificing their lives for the motherland. The combat ended with British victory. +Japanese bombing. +Japanese bombing in Imphal took place several times in the history of Manipur, thereby creating high casualties to the people of Manipur. The first bombing was in the year 1942, heralding the beginning of the Second World War in Manipur. + += = = Debevoise & Plimpton = = = +Debevoise & Plimpton LLP (often shortened to Debevoise) is a global law firm based in New York City. Founded in 1931 by Harvard Law School alumnus Eli Whitney Debevoise and Oxford-trained William Stevenson, Debevoise specializes in strategic and private equity, M&A, insurance and financial services transactions, private funds, complex litigation, investigations, and international arbitration. As of 2021, the law firm is assisting the Democratic Party in the Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump. + += = = Cravath, Swaine & Moore = = = +Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP (known as Cravath) is an American law firm with its headquarters in New York City, and an additional office in London. The firm, one of the most prestigious law firms in the United States, is known for its complex and high profile litigation and mergers & acquisitions work. + += = = Illinois's 7th congressional district = = = +Illinois 7th congressional district is a congressional district in the state of Illinois. The district covers the towns and cities of Bellwood, Chicago, Forest Park, Oak Park, Maywood, and Westchester. The district elects a representative to represent the district is the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Democrat Danny K. Davis who has represented the district since January 1997. The 16th President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln used to represent this district from 1847 to 1849. + += = = Musa = = = +Musa may refer to: + += = = Chahi Taret Khuntakpa = = = +"Chahi Taret Khuntakpa" () (literally, "Seven Years Devastation") was a dark period in the history of modern Manipur, during which Manipur was occupied by the Burmese empire, imposing chaos and anarchism to the kingdom, from 1819 AD to 1826 AD (3212 MF-3218 MF). +Background. +When Marjit ascended the throne of Manipur, the Burmese empire attacked the kingdom in 1819 AD. At that time, due to lack of unity among the royal family members of Manipur, the situation was overcome by the enemy. Thus, the kingdom was annexed by the Burmese forces. + += = = Dear Evan Hansen = = = +"Dear Evan Hansen". +Dear Evan Hansen is a musical. The music and lyrics were written by Benj Pasek and Justin Paul +(Steven Levenson wrote a book based on the musical). The first performance was in July 2015. It was at the Arena Stage in Washington, D.C.. It opened on Broadway in December 2016 at the Music Box Theatre. It won six awards at the 71st Tony Awards. Two of them were the Best Musical and Best Score awards. +Plot. +Act One. +The main character is Evan Hansen. He is a senior in high school with social anxiety. He also has a broken arm. He writes a letter to himself, which is what his therapist told him to do. It's the first day of school. His mom, Heidi, says that he should ask people at school to sign his cast. There is another family on the stage: the Murphys. Cynthia and Larry and their kids, Connor and Zoe are eating breakfast. Cynthia thinks her family is falling apart. Heidi wants to know how to connect with her son ("Anybody Have A Map?"). +At school, Evan meets with Alana and Jared. They don't sign his cast. Evan then sees Connor. Connor pushes Evan to the ground. He thinks Evan is making fun of him. Connor's sister, Zoe, comes to Evan. She is sorry for her brother's actions. Evan has a crush on Zoe. He does not say what he wants to say to Zoe. He is too awkward. He feels like he is alone. ("Waving Through a Window") +Evan writes another letter to himself. He talks about Zoe. He says that she makes him happy. He says that his hope is in her. ("Waving Through a Window (Reprise #1)"). He runs into Connor again. Connor signs Evan's cast. Connor sees Evan's letter. He sees Zoe's name. He thinks that Evan is making fun of him again. Connor angrily leaves with the letter. Evan tells Jared what happened. ("Waving Through a Window (Reprise #2)"). +A few days pass. Evan is called into the principal's office. He sees Cynthia and Larry Murphy. They tell him that Connor has killed himself. They found Evan's letter in Connor's pocket. They think that it is Connor's suicide letter to Evan. They see his name on Evan's cast. They think Connor and Evan were friends. Evan is nervous and uncomfortable. He doesn't tell the Murphys that they are wrong. +Evan goes to the Murphy's house for dinner. He is doesn't know what to say. He lies to make the Murphys happy. He tells them that he and Connor were best friends. He says they used to email each other. He makes up a story about how he broke his arm. He says that Connor was with him at an abandoned apple orchard (the Murphys used to go to this orchard). He says he broke his arm by falling from a tree ("For Forever"). +Jared helps Evan make fake email conversations. Evan uses them show his and Connor's friendship ("Sincerely, Me"). Evan shows the emails to the Murphys. Cynthia is happy that her son had a close friend. Larry is hurt that Connor didn't appreciate his family. Zoe doesn't want to cry for her brother ("Requiem"). She asks Evan why she was mentioned in Evan's letter (she thinks Connor wrote it). Evan tells Zoe his own reason why he loves her. He makes her think that they were Connor's reasons ("If I Could Tell Her"). +Evan, Alana, and Jared found "The Connor Project". Its purpose is to remember Connor. The Murphys support the idea ("Disappear"). Evan gives an inspirational speech during the start of The Connor Project. It goes viral. Zoe thanks Evan for what he did ("You Will Be Found"). +Act Two. +Alana and Evan want to raise $50,000 to reopen the apple orchard. Evan is spending more time with Zoe and her family. He neglects his own family, Jared, and The Connor Project ("Sincerely, Me (Reprise)"). Larry tells Evan about his relationship with Connor. He gives Evan a new baseball glove ("To Break In A Glove"). Zoe tells Evan that she wants their relationship to be only about them. She doesn't want it to be about Connor ("Only Us"). +Heidi finds out about the lies Evan made. Evan fights with her. He tells her that he likes being with the Murphy family. He says that Heidi is never there for him, but the Murphys are. Alana finds that some things in the fake emails (which she thinks are real) don't match up. Jared threatens to tell people about Evan's lies ("Good For You"). Evan decides that he needs to tell the Murphys the truth. He thinks about all that he will lose ("For Forever (Reprise)"). +Evan shows Alana his letter. She thinks that it is Connor's suicide note. Alan posts it online. People start blaming the Murphys for Connor's suicide ("You Will Be Found (Reprise)"). Evan tells the Murphys the truth about the lies he made. He deals with the consequences ("Words Fail"). His mother sees the letter. She knows that it was Evan's letter. Evan admits that his fall from the tree was a suicide attempt. Heidi is sorry for not seeing that Evan was hurting. She promises that she will always be there when he needs her ("So Big, So Small"). +A year passes. Evan meets with Zoe in the reopened apple orchard. He says he is sorry for everything. She forgives him. Evan writes one last letter to himself. He thinks about all that happened. He finally accepts himself ("Finale"). + += = = Philosophical zombie = = = +A philosophical zombie is a hypothetical person without qualia. Qualia is the experiences and sensations that someone feels inside. For example, if a philosophical zombie was poked by a sharp object, they would not feel pain but react as if they did. They would not have any thoughts or emotions but they act as if they do. Philosophical zombies are used as thought experiments in philosophy of mind and philosophy of perception. + += = = 2020–21 United States election protests = = = +The 2020–21 United States election protests were a series of protests across the United States after the 2020 United States presidential election between then-President Donald Trump and former vice president Joe Biden. The election was held on November 3, 2020. Biden won the election with 306 votes in the Electoral College to Donald Trump's 232. +Before the election Donald Trump claimed without any evidence that there was election fraud. He refused to give up and him and his allies attempted to overturn the results of the election. Trump filed dozens of legal challenges to the results, which were rejected by at least 86 judges, some that Trump even hired. The courts found that his claims had no evidence to prove that there was fraud. +Pro-Trump protesters, including groups such as the Proud Boys, took part in many protests in Washington, D.C., state capitals, and other locations across the nation to show that they did not agree with the election results and shout Trump's claims of election fraud. +On January 6—the day when the U.S. Congress counts the electoral votes—Trump supporters got together for the "Save America" rally where people heard speeches from Trump and Rudy Giuliani. Before the speeches were over, a large mob of protesters marched on to Congress and stormed the building. Congress was in session at the time, certifying the Electoral College vote count. Several buildings in the U.S. Capitol complex were evacuated, and protesters broke past security to enter the U.S. Capitol building, including National Statuary Hall. +After the storming of the U.S. Capitol, at least 36 House Democrats called for Trump's immediate impeachment and removal by Congress. +Armed supporters of Trump have continued protesting after of the storming of the US Capitol. As of January 10, armed protests were being planned at the state capitals of most states. Thousands of soldiers were sent to protect the capital, and by the inauguration ceremony for Biden, up to 25,000 soldiers were sent to guard against anymore threats to security. Protests have continued in some U.S. cities after Biden became president. +Protest. +Protest in support of Donald Trump started on November 4. +January 6. +On January 6, the protesters planned to march to the United States Capitol. A crowd of thousands of Trump supporters first listened to a speech by Trump. He told them again the election had been stolen and said, "We will never give up. We will never concede. ... Our country has had enough. We're not going to take it anymore." He urged them to march on the Capitol and "show strength". Many people then marched on the Capitol, where they got past the police, broke windows, and stormed inside the Capitol building. They marched through Statuary Hall. Rioters took over the Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi's office, flipping tables and ripping photos from walls; there was looting in the Capitol. Many police officers were injured in the violence at the Capitol. One died of his injuries, and another committed suicide over the following weekend. A woman was shot inside the Capitol and later died; no information has been told about the shooter. At least one improvised explosive device was found on Capitol, and another was close by at the headquarters of the Republican Party. +January 17. +The FBI reported that protests were being planned at all United States state capitols and in Washington, D.C., and that they are likely to take place from January 16 to 20. + += = = Khamba Thoibi Jagoi = = = +Khamba Thoibi Jagoi () is a classical dance form, originated from the Ancient Moirang kingdom of Manipur. It is a duet of male and female partners, dedicated to Lord Thangjing, the presiding deity of Ancient Moirang. +The dance form is believed to be first performed by Khuman Khamba and Moirang Thoibi, in the premise of the deity. + += = = Viola Amherd = = = +Viola Amherd (born 7 June 1962) is a Swiss politician and the President of Switzerland in 2024. She is a Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 2019. She is also a member of the Christian Democratic People's Party. + += = = Rochechouart crater = = = +The Rochechouart crater is a place in France where a meteorite, a rock from outer space, hit the surface of the Earth, leaving a crater. The meteorite hit came during the Jurassic or Triassic period. Rochechouart is between the Haute-Vienne and the Charente. +The last four estimates (since 2010) are converging toward an age between 203 and 207 million years, in the Rhaetian, two to five million years older than the TriassicJurassic boundary. +Some scientists think that the Rochechouart crater is part of a group of five craters that happened at about the same time. They think a large meteor or comet broke into pieces and many of the pieces hit the Earth. + += = = Tobacco smoking = = = +Tobacco smoking or cigarette smoking is when a person breathes in and breathes out smoke from a cigarette using a lighter. Smoking is harmful to the lungs, and can cause many diseases such as cancer, pneumonia, and many others. When a user smokes, the chemicals from inside the cigarette damage the body, including the smoke, making the person more likely to get certain diseases. +In public areas such as arenas or police stations, smoking is usually not allowed. This is because the smoke from the cigarette goes into the air, and can be breathed in by other people. Signs have to be placed in public areas to stop people from smoking while there. If a man was smoking while walking near a police station and he didn’t listen to the sign, he would have questions asked to him or be arrested by police. +Smoking can cause heart attacks, if continued for years of using tobacco or any other powders used for smoking, including marijuana. Smoking can cause mental, as well as physical health problems, such as schizophrenia, depression, mood swings and many others. If a smoker continues smoking for years, or even decades, their health will worsen. Smoking can cause coughing, or inflammation (swelling) of the throat or lungs. The alveoli are air sacs via which breathing happens, but they will become badly damaged. Once breathed in, the tobacco smoke travels down the trachea and enters the lungs. When entering the body, the smoke would damage the cilia, which are millions of small hairs that push away mucus when it enters the body. If the lungs become even more damaged, smokers may not be able to breathe on their own, and they will be put on a device to help them breathe such as a ventilator. In some cases, smoking causes the lining of the lungs to become inflamed, making the smoker unable to breathe, which leads to death. + += = = Valdoule = = = +Valdoule is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. The municipality was created on 1 July 2017 and consists of the former communes of Bruis (the seat), Montmorin and Sainte-Marie. + += = = Sainte-Marie, Hautes-Alpes = = = +Sainte-Marie is a former commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. On 1 July 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Valdoule. + += = = Sevenum = = = +Sevenum is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. Since 2010, it is part of the municipality of Horst aan de Maas. + += = = Meerlo-Wanssum = = = +Meerlo-Wanssum is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. Since 2010, it is made up of the municipalities of Horst aan de Maas and Venray. + += = = All the Prime Minister's Men = = = +All the Prime Minister's Men is a 2021 English language investigative documentary on Bangladesh published by the Qatar-based international media Al Jazeera, alleging corruption against powerful people of the authority of Bangladesh. The documentary focuses on the past and present activities of the Bangladesh Army Chief Aziz Ahmed's family members and alleges various forms of corruption. The name of the documentary has been taken from the name of the 1974's "All the President's Men", a book based on investigative journalism that revealed the Watergate scandal of America's President Richard Nixon in 1972. + += = = Tasneem Khalil = = = +Tasneem Khalil is an exiled Bangladeshi journalist. He is Editor in chief of Netra News. He previously worked for "The Daily Star" and was a stringer for CNN and a consultant for Human Rights Watch. During the 2006–2008 Bangladesh emergency, he was detained on 11 May 2007 and tortured while in the custody of Bangladesh's intelligence service. Khalil currently lives in Örebro, Sweden, where he is publisher and editor of "Independent World Report", a world news magazine focused on human rights issues. + += = = Dendropsophus = = = +Dendropsophus is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. They live in Central and South America, from southern Mexico to northern Argentina and Uruguay. They are sometimes called Fitzinger neotropical treefrogs or yellow treefrogs +For a while, scientists decided not to use this genus. In 2005, they started using it again after a large revision of the family Hylidae. Some of the frogs that had been in "Hyla" were moved to "Dendropsophus" if they had 30 chromosomes. +Species. +"Dendropsophus" has these species in it: + += = = Abominable (2019 movie) = = = +Abominable is a computer animated movie made by DreamWorks Amimation, Pearl Studio. It stars the voices of Chloe Bennet, Albert Tsai, Tenzing Norgay Trainor, Eddie Izzard, Sarah Paulson, Tsai Chin, and Michelle Wong. + += = = Samaton = = = +Samaton (/saa-ma-ton/) or Samadon (/saa-ma-don/) is a mythical winged divine horse in Meitei mythology. He is one of the most recognised creatures in Meitei folklore. Legend says that Samaton is the ancestor of the present day Manipuri pony (Meitei horse). The Leithak Leikharol describes Samaton as a primordial horse associated with Meitei cosmology. It is created by Sanamahi to attack on Pakhangba. Later, it became the mounting creature of God Marjing. It is also called "Shamadon Ayangba" () or "Shamaton Ayangpa" () due to free variation of words in Meitei language (Manipuri language). +Samaton is praised in the ritual song of Ougri sung during the Lai Haraoba festival. Samaton is considered very important to Meitei culture because it is created from the body of God Sanamahi. During the deification of Meitei kings, Samaton became associated with kings as it was a divine being. So, Samaton became the insignia of royalty. + += = = Unhexoctium = = = +Unhexoctium (), also known as eka-flerovium, dvi-lead, or element 168, is the possible chemical element in the periodic table that has the temporary symbol Uho and has the atomic number 168. Due to instabilities, it is not known if this element is physically possible, but if possible, Unhexoctium is predicted to be the last period 8 element in group 14. It should have an atomic mass around 490. +As of October 2022, no attempt has ever been made to make Unhexoctium, nor has any plans been made known to attempt to make Unhexoctium. +Naming. +The name Unhexoctium is a systematic element name, used as a placeholder until it is confirmed by other research groups and the IUPAC decides on a name. Usually, the name suggested by the discoverer(s) is chosen. +Stability. +Unhexoctium is highly likely to be too unstable to be detected, which would allow very little study of it. +Predicted chemistry. +Unhexoctium is probably a post-transition metal, although it might be a noble gas. A likely oxidation state is +4, based on the oxidation states of Flerovium and Lead. + += = = Chanousse = = = +Chanousse is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Transport. +Road. +The D949 road passes through the commune. + += = = Golden Earrings = = = +Golden Earrings is a 1947 American romantic spy drama movie directed by Mitchell Leisen and is based on the novel of the same name by Jolán Földes. It stars Ray Milland, Marlene Dietrich, Murvyn Vye, Bruce Lester, Dennis Hoey, Quentin Reynolds and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Gretchen Whitmer kidnapping plot = = = +On October 8, 2020, the Federal Bureau of Investigation announced that 13 people from the Wolverine Watchman were arrested for attempting to kidnap Michigan Governor Gretchen Whitmer, and overthrow the state government. A fourteenth suspect was arrested a week later. In addition to kidnapping Whitmer, a FBI agent said that the suspects also wanted to kidnap Virginia Governor Ralph Northam. +One of the kidnappers, Barry Croft of Delaware, also discussed South Carolina Governor Henry McMaster as a target, as well as Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, then-President Donald Trump, and former Presidents Barack Obama and Bill Clinton. + += = = How Green Was My Valley (movie) = = = +How Green Was My Valley is a 1941 American drama movie directed by John Ford and based on the 1939 novel of the same name by Richard Llewellyn. It stars Walter Pidgeon, Maureen O'Hara, Anna Lee, Donald Crisp, Roddy McDowall and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for 5 Oscars and won 5 Oscars at the Academy Awards in 1942. + += = = Maasbracht = = = +Maasbracht used to be a municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. Since 2007, it has been part of the new municipality of Maasgouw. +Football player Mark van Bommel was born here. + += = = Arcen en Velden = = = +Arcen en Velden used to be a municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. Since 2010, it has been a part of the municipality of Venlo. + += = = Kolašin = = = +Kolašin () is a town in northern Montenegro. In 2003, 2,989 people lived there. + += = = Cervelló = = = +Cervelló is a municipality in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Alpens = = = +Alpens is a municipality of 261 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Vic = = = +Vic is a municipality of 47,630 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = RDS = = = +RDS can mean: + += = = Netra News = = = +Netra News is an investigative and public interest journalism website in Sweden. It reports on Bangladesh. Tasneem Khalil, started the website on December 26, 2019. Khalil is an exiled Bangladeshi journalist living in Sweden. +It was blocked by authorities in Bangladesh within 72 hours of its inception. +History. +"Netra News" gets money from the National Endowment for Democracy, a non-governmental and non-profit organization funded by the U.S. government. +It is a project under Bangladesh Media Network. The BMN board members are Kerstin Brunnberg (president), a prominent Swedish journalist, Australian academic Bina D’Costa (secretary), and Dan Morrison (treasurer), an American journalist. + += = = Australian magpie = = = +The Australian magpie ("Gymnorhina tibicen") is a large black-and-white bird. It lives in most parts of Australia and in a small part of New Guinea. It is not closely related to the European magpie: they just look rather similar. +Australian magpies are related to butcherbirds and currawongs. They are in the family Artamidae. +The Australian magpie is in its own genus "Gymnorhina" and is related to the black butcherbird ("Melloria quoyi"). They live in bush land and in cities near people. +Description. +Australian magpies are from 37 to 43 cm long. They do not have very long tails like European magpies. +An adult magpie has red eyes, black legs, and a white beak with black tip. +There are nine kinds of magpies (subspecies or races) in different parts of the country. Some subspecies have black backs and some have white. +Behaviour. +They walk on the ground where they look for insects and lizards to eat. Many other birds hop (move with small jumps), but magpies walk. When they are not looking for food, they stand or perch by holding on with their feet while they stand or crouch in trees or on man-made structures. +When magpies have baby chicks in their nests, the adults will “swoop” at nearby people – flying at their heads – to chase them away. +Some people feed magpies by throwing small pieces of meat to them. Magpies can learn to come near humans for food. They do not usually let people touch them. + += = = David Bergman = = = +David Bergman (born 1965) is a British human rights activist and investigative journalist based in Bangladesh, who worked at the "New Age", a Bangladesh national newspaper. He is known for his reportage on war crimes committed during the Bangladesh Liberation War. An investigative documentary on the subject he worked as a reporter and researcher for British television in 1995 won an award. He was convicted of contempt by Bangladesh's special war crimes tribunal in 2015 for contradicting the official death toll figures of the war. +Career. +David Bergman is an investigative journalist and previously worked for the UK's Twenty Twenty. He has formerly worked at several Bangladeshi newspapers, including "Dhaka Tribune", "The Daily Star", "Bdnews24.com", and "New Age". In addition to writing for Bangladeshi papers, Bergman has contributed to "Foreign Policy" and "The Economist". His coverage of the International War Crimes Tribunal appeared in "The Independent" newspaper. +Between 1999 and 2009, Bergman headed the human rights organisation Centre for Corporate Accountability and advocated for legal reforms on work-related deaths. +Personal life. +David Bergman is the son of Alan Bergman, a dentist from Hadley Wood, in north London. He holds degrees in both politics and law and his law degree is from the University of Birmingham. +Bergman is married to Bangladeshi lawyer and writer Sara Hossain, who is the co-editor of "Honor: Crimes, Paradigms and Violence Against Women". His father-in-law is Dr. Kamal Hossain, who has been the president of the Gano Forum political party in Bangladesh since he founded it in 1992. + += = = Leima Jagoi = = = +Leima Jagoi () (literally, "Queen's dance" or "Dance of the Lairembi") is a dance form of the Meitei people of Manipur. It is adored with slow and gentle motions of the dancer. It is performed mainly in the religious festival of Lai Haraoba. +The dance form is traditionally performed in presence of royalty by noblewomen. +It is also presented by a group of village leishabis (maidens) after the Hoi Lauba ceremony. +The Leima Jagoi dance form is developed by the maibas (priests) and the maibis (priestesses) with the high level of artistic performance. Thus, it can hardly be classified as a folk dance form. + += = = Juan Carlos Alvarado = = = +Juan Carlos Alvarado (born December 28, 1964) is a famous christian pop singer and pastor known for his songs such as "Jehová es mi guerrero", "Cristo no está muerto", "No basta", "Soy deudor", "Cristo vive", "Vivo para cristo", "Ante ti con gozo", "El gozo", "El borde de su manto", "Mi mejor adoración", "El poderoso de israel", "Celebra victorioso", "Dios el más grande", "Santo es el señor", "Pues tú glorioso eres señor", "El señor es mi pastor", "Hay una fuente en mí", and many others. He is located in the same praise movement of the 80's, along with Marcos Witt, Marco Barrientos, Jaime Murrell, Danilo Montero, Jesús Adrián Romero, among others. +Career. +As a child, Alvarado had a passion for singing and playing the piano. In 1987, Alvarado recorded his first album, "Digno De Alabar" with the group Palabra En Acción. In 1993, Alvarado recorded his first "Solo" album entitled "Aviva El Fuego". A year later Alvarado recorded "Lion Of Juda" in Spanish under Word Records, an American label. After the production of "Aviva El Fuego", Hosanna! Music and CanZion Productions worked together with Alvarado to produce "Glorifícate" and "Tu Palabra" consecutively in 1993. In 1995, Alvarado released "Hoy Más Que Ayer". More recent releases include "Fuego En Vivo" and "Tu Palabra Cantaré". + += = = Bruce Taylor (New Zealand cricketer) = = = +Bruce Richard Taylor (12 July 1943 – 6 February 2021) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played 30 Tests and 2 ODIs for his country between 1965 and 1973. He is the only cricketer to score a century and take a five-wicket haul in their first Test match. +Taylor was born in Timaru. He was sentenced to one year imprisonment for fraud. He served his sentence between 1993 and 1994. +Taylor died on 6 February 2021 in Boulcott, Lower Hutt. He was 77. + += = = Nicholas Mevoli = = = +Nicholas Lawrence "Nick" Mevoli III (August 22, 1981 – November 17, 2013) was an American freediver who died attempting to break the world record of becoming the first American to surpass the 100m mark. On 17 November 2013, when he reached 73m without fins or breathing gear, he came up to the surface. He signalled that he was fine, but blood began pouring from his mouth. A few hours later, he was pronounced dead. + += = = Selmer, Tennessee = = = +Selmer is a town in McNairy County, Tennessee, United States. 4,446 people lived here at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of McNairy County. + += = = Perry County, Tennessee = = = +Perry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 8,366 people lived there. The county seat is Linden. + += = = Turkey, Texas = = = +Turkey is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Pickett County, Tennessee = = = +Pickett County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 5,001 people lived there. The county seat is Byrdstown. + += = = Terrassa = = = +Terrassa is a municipality of 222,576 people (2021). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Born to Be Loved = = = +Born to Be Loved is a 1959 American romantic comedy movie directed by Hugo Haas (who also stars) and starring Carol Morris, Dick Kallman, Barbara Jo Allen. It was distributed by Universal Pictures. + += = = Bocholtz = = = +Bocholtz is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. Since 1982, it became a part of the municipality of Simpelveld. +In 2007, 5,573 people lived there. + += = = Delwar Hossain Sayeedi = = = +Delwar Hossain Sayeedi was a politician and religious leader from Bangladesh. He was found guilty of committing crimes during Bangladesh's war for independence against Pakistan in 1971. +In 2013, he was sentenced to death by a court in Bangladesh for his actions during the war. Later, his sentence was changed to life imprisonment. The trial faced a lot of controversy and resulted in violent protests. +Sayeedi passed away on 14 August 2023, at the age of 83 due to a heart attack. +Early life. +Sayeedi was born in a village in Indurkani, Pirojpur (Barisal Division of present-day Bangladesh). His father Yusuf Sayedee was an Islamic orator. Sayeedi received his first religious education at his local village "madrassa," which was built by his father. Sayeedi attended the Sarsina Alia Madrasah in 1962, followed by the Khulna Alia Madrasah. Sayeedi started a business in a local village market after completing his religious studies. + += = = Sigrid Kaag = = = +Sigrid Agnes Maria Kaag (born 2 November 1961) is a Dutch politician. She is party leader of Democrats 66 (D66). She is finance minister and also first Deputy Prime Minister in the Fourth Rutte cabinet. She was foreign minister in the Third Rutte cabinet, but stepped down in September 2021 because the evacuation of Afghans who worked for the Netherlands and tried to flee from the Taliban after they conquered Afghanistan, did not quite go well. Defense minister Ank Bijleveld resigned next day. She was also minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation in the Third Rutte cabinet from October 2017 to August 2021, and has been D66 leader since September 2020 (succeeded Alexander Pechtold). +Kaag was born in Rijswijk and grew up in Zeist. +She studied Arabic, Middle East studies, and international relations. She studied at Utrecht University, the American University in Cairo, Oxford University, and the University of Exeter. +She worked in several positions at the United Nations, for example at UNICEF and as an Under-Secretary-General. +She is a Catholic, and married to a Palestinian dentist. Her husband is a former diplomat and politician of the PLO. Kaag is fluent in six languages, among which Arabic, Spanish, French, and German. + += = = Leela's Homeworld = = = +"Leela's Homeworld" is the second episode of "Futurama" season 4. It was first shown on the Fox network in the United States on February 17, 2002. It was written by Kristin Gore and directed by Mark Ervin. + += = = Maibi Jagoi = = = +"Maibi Jagoi" () (literally, "Priestess' dance") is a traditional dance form performed by the maibis (priestesses) during the religious festival of Lai Haraoba. The dance form is enacted in various ways depending on the variation of the regions. The Maibi Jagoi dance form performed by the female priestesses of the Leihou tribe is one of the most remarkable one. +Due to its unique way of performance and costume, the dance form is famous all over the Indian subcontinent and abroad. +The maibis (priestesses) also enact "Laihou Jagoi" ("Dance of invitation"), along with the performance of "pena", a traditional music instrument. + += = = Road to Morocco = = = +Road to Morocco is a 1942 American comedy movie directed by David Butler and is the third movie in the "Road to" movies. It stars Bing Crosby, Bob Hope, Dorothy Lamour, Anthony Quinn, Dona Drake, Vladimir Sokoloff, George Givot, Leon Belasco and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1943. + += = = The Talk of the Town (1942 movie) = = = +The Talk of the Town is a 1942 American comedy drama movie directed by George Stevens and starring Cary Grant, Jean Arthur, Ronald Colman. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures and was nominated for 7 Academy Awards in 1943. + += = = Helden = = = +Helden was a municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. Since 2010, it is part of the new municipality of Peel en Maas. + += = = Kessel, Limburg = = = +Kessel was a municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. Since 2010, it is part of the new municipality of Peel en Maas. + += = = Maasbree = = = +Maasbree was a municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. Since 2010, it is part of the new municipality of Peel en Maas. + += = = Swalmen = = = +Swalmen is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. Since 2007, it became a part of the municipality of Roermond. + += = = Panthoibi Jagoi = = = +"Panthoibi Jagoi" () (literally, "Panthoibi's dance" or "Dance dedicated to the Divine Mother") is a duet dance form, portraying the romantic love affairs between Nongpok Ningthou and Panthoibi. There are 14 hand gestures with bodily movements. It is performed in the religious festival of Lai Haraoba, depicting the weaving process. In the dance form, Marjing has been conflated with Nongpok Ningthou. Nowadays, the dance form is replaced by the Khamba Thoibi Jagoi. + += = = Thougal Jagoi = = = +"Thougal Jagoi" () literally, means the "Dance of dedication ") or "Jagoi Ashangbi" () is a Meitei traditional dance form, performed by men and women, along with maibis (priestesses) to invoke the deities. It is performed in the religious festival of Lai Haraoba. The performance lasts for half an hour, after which the "Hoi Lauba" ceremony is enacted. + += = = List of companies of Afghanistan = = = +Afghanistan is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia. +Notable firms. +This list includes notable companies with primary headquarters in the country. The industry and sector follow the Industry Classification Benchmark taxonomy. Organizations which have ceased operations are included and noted as defunct. + += = = National anthem of Croatia = = = +"Lijepa naša domovino" (; "Our Beautiful Homeland") is the national anthem of Croatia. Croatian poet Antun Mihanović wrote the words to it in 1835. Serbian composer Josif Runjanin made the music to it in 1846. The Croatian government made it a national anthem in 1972. Before that, it was often sung by the people as an anthem. +The anthem was first called "Horvatska domovina" ("Croatian homeland"). Some years later, people started calling it by how it's called today. The words of the anthem are also shorter today. Croatians often say the words "Lijepa naša" ("Our beautiful") instead of saying "Croatia". +The song has 4 stanzas but only the first two are usually sung. + += = = Unsepttrium = = = +Unsepttrium (), also known as dvi-francium , eka-Ununennium, or element 173, is a possible chemical element which has not been observed to occur naturally, nor has it yet been made. Due to instabilities, it is not known if this element is possible, as the instabilities may hint that the periodic table ends soon after the island of stability at unbihexium; however, if possible, it is likely the heaviest possible neutral element. Its atomic number is 173 and its atomic symbol is Ust. +The name "unsepttrium" is a temporary IUPAC systematic element name. +Significance. +Although Richard Feynman noted that a simplistic interpretation of the relativistic Dirac equation runs into problems with electron orbitals at "Z" > 1/� = 137, suggesting that neutral atoms cannot exist beyond untriseptium, and that a periodic table of elements based on electron orbitals breaks down at this point, a more thorough analysis calculates the limit to be "Z" ≈ 173, meaning that neutral atoms most likely cannot exist with atomic number greater than 173. This makes unsepttrium theoretically the heaviest neutral element possible. + += = = Ohio's 1st congressional district = = = +Ohio's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the state of Ohio. The district elects a representative for the district at the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Steve Chabot. The district was once represented by the 9th President of the United States, William Henry Harrison. William Henry Harrison represented the district before he was president. The district includes the cities of Cheviot, Forest Park, Franklin, Harrison, Indian Hill, Springdale, St. Bernard, Mason, Lebanon, Sharonville, and Carlisle. A small part of Cincinnati is also in the district. Some people believe that the Republicans used gerrymandering when making the district so Steve Chabot could win the elections easier. + += = = Kentucky's 5th congressional district = = = +Kentucky's 5th congressional district is a congressional district in the state of Kentucky. The district elects a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is the second most poor district in the United States. The district is in Appalachia and is the most rural district in the United States. The district includes the cities of cities of Pikeville, Prestonsburg, Middlesboro, Hazard, Jackson, Morehead, London, and Somerset. During the American Civil War one area of the district liked the Republican Party and the Union and the other area liked the Confederate States of America and the Democratic Party. The district is currently represented by Harold D. "Hal" Rogers. + += = = Lowell Bayles = = = +Lowell Richard Bayles (January 24, 1900 – December 5, 1931) was an American stunt pilot who died while trying to break the world record for the fastest world speed record at the 1931 National Air Races in Detroit, Michigan. In the 1920s, he started his career performing all around the United States, leading up to his death in 1931. On 5 December that year, he was flying his Gee Bee Model Z when the fuel cap came loose, flew through the windshield, hit him in the head and knocked him out. The plane crashed and exploded into a huge ball of flame next to a railroad track, throwing Bayles’ body 300m from the cockpit. + += = = Abrera = = = +Abrera is a municipality of 12,538 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Sant Quirze de Besora = = = +Sant Quirze de Besora is a municipality of 2,154 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = West Virginia's 2nd congressional district = = = +West Virginia's 2nd congressional district is a congressional district in the state of West Virginia. The congressional district was made on December 7, 1863. The district elects a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Alex Mooney. It includes the capital city of West Virginia, Charleston. The district starts at the Ohio River and ends at the Potomac River. + += = = Aguilar de Segarra = = = +Aguilar de Segarra is a municipality in the comarca of Bages, Province of Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain. + += = = Mataró = = = +Mataró is a municipality of 129,661 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Santa Coloma de Gramenet = = = +Santa Coloma de Gramenet is a municipality in Spain with a population of 120,443 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia. + += = = Ohio's 6th congressional district = = = +Ohio's 6th congressional district is a congressional district in the state of Ohio. The people who live in the congressional district elects a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Bill Johnson. The district is in the southeastern part of Ohio and has a border with the states of Kentucky, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania. There are no large cities in the district but it is very rural. + += = = Sant Boi de Llobregat = = = +Sant Boi de Llobregat is a municipality of 84,500 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Aiguafreda = = = +Aiguafreda is a municipality of 2,512 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Indiana's 6th congressional district = = = +Indiana's 6th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Indiana. The people who live in the congressional district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Greg Pence. The district is in the places of Columbus, Muncie and Richmond, as well as a few suburbs of Cincinnati and Indianapolis. The former Vice President of the United States, Mike Pence, represented the district before being the Governor of Indiana and then the Vice President of the United States. + += = = Sant Cugat del Vallès = = = +Sant Cugat del Vallès is a municipality of 92,977 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Cerdanyola del Vallès = = = +Cerdanyola del Vallès is a municipality of 57,855 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Abella de la Conca = = = +Abella de la Conca is a municipality of 183 people (2020). It is in the province of Lleida in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Tortilla Flat (movie) = = = +Tortilla Flat is a 1942 American romantic comedy movie. Victor Fleming was the director. It was based on the 1935 novel with the same name by John Steinbeck. Spencer Tracy, Hedy Lamarr, John Garfield, Frank Morgan, Akim Tamiroff, Sheldon Leonard, John Qualen, Donald Meek, Allen Jenkins, and Connie Gilchrist acted in the movie. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer distributed the movie. + += = = Granollers = = = +Granollers is a municipality of 62,419 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Alella = = = +Alella is a municipality of 9,904 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Polk County, Tennessee = = = +Polk County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 17,544 people lived there. The county seat is Benton. + += = = Mollet del Vallès = = = +Mollet del Vallès is a municipality of 51,600 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Capellades = = = +Capellades is a municipality of 5,342 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = El Prat de Llobregat = = = +El Prat de Llobregat is a municipality of 65,385 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Lomita, California = = = +Lomita is a city in Los Angeles County, California. + += = = Super Bowl LV = = = +Super Bowl LV (meaning Super Bowl 55 in Roman numerals) was an American football game that happened on February 7, 2021 between the Kansas City Chiefs and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. The Buccaneers won the game, meaning they won the National Football League for the 2020 season. The Chiefs had won the American Football Conference in the 2020 season, and the Buccaneers had won the National Football Conference in the 2020 season. The game happened at the Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida. + += = = Fernando Colunga = = = +Fernando Colunga Olivares () (born 3 March 1966) is a Mexican actor best known for his work in Mexican telenovelas. He received his drama education at Centro de Educación Artística de Televisa (CEA). He is mostly known for his appearance in different telenovelas. He also has some roles in movies bordcast in cinemas, and had a few roles as an actor in theatre productions. + += = = Arlon Lindner = = = +Arlon W. Lindner (August 3, 1935 – February 1, 2021) was an American Republican politician. He was born in Beaumont, Texas. Lindner was a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1993 to 2005. +Lindner died on February 1, 2021 in Rogers, Minnesota at the age of 85. + += = = Rogers, Minnesota = = = +Rogers is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States. 13,295 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Kim Bo-kyung (actress) = = = +Kim Bo-kyung (3 April 1976 – 2 February 2021) was a South Korean actress. She began acting in 1995. She was known for her roles in "Friend" (2001), "Epitaph" (2007), "Paju" (2009) and "The Day He Arrives" (2011). +Kim died on 2 February 2021 from liver cancer in Busan at the age of 44. + += = = Joan Corbella = = = +Joan Corbella i Roig (1945 – 3 February 2021) was a Spanish psychiatrist and science communicator. He worked for , Cadena COPE, TV3, , Onda Cero, and "Avui". +Corbella died in Palma de Mallorca, Spain on 3 February 2021 at the age of 76. + += = = Robert C. Jones = = = +Robert Clifford Jones (March 30, 1936 – February 1, 2021) was an American movie editor, screenwriter, and educator. He won an Academy Award for the screenplay of the movie "Coming Home" (1978). He was also known for working with Arthur Hiller and Hal Ashby. +Jones was nominated three times for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing: "It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World" (1963), "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner" (1967), and "Bound for Glory" (1976). +Jones died on February 1, 2021, at his home in Los Angeles. He was 84, and suffered from Lewy body dementia. + += = = Cortana = = = +Cortana is a discontinued virtual assistant developed by Microsoft. Microsoft made Cortana and released it on April 2, 2014 at the Moscone Center in San Francisco. Cortana can do many things, like showing the weather and news. Cortana was released three years after Apple's Siri, which was released in 2011 on IOS. +On June 2, 2023, Microsoft announced they will be no longer support Cortana standalone app on Windows 10 and Windows 11 and will be ended on late 2023. After Cortana ended support, Microsoft will announced Cortana will be replaced by Windows Copilot and Bing Chat AI on Windows 11. Microsoft discontinued Cortana standalone app for Windows 10 and Windows 11 on August 2023. Supported of Cortana in Microsoft Outlook and Microsoft 365 Mobile app was discontinued in Fall 2023. +Development history. +Microsoft showed Cortana on April 2 and April 4, 2014 at the Microsoft Build in San Francisco. Bill Gates, Steve Ballmer, and Joe Belfiore made the announcement. They said Cortana was virtual helper for the Windows Phone, starting with a video launch on April 6, 2014. +On July 15, 2015, Microsoft launched Cortana on Windows (Update version -1507), which was available to consumers on July 29, 2015. Cortana was released for Microsoft Band and Windows Mixed Reality on August 2, 2015 and for Android, IOS, iPhone and iPad in December 2015. +Platform. +Android. +The Cortana that works on Android was released on December 2015 and launched for Android in Microsoft 2016 Build. On Android, Cortana does not respond to the user saying, "Hey Cortana". On Android, Cortana can do everything from searching on the internet to adding 'to do' list. Microsoft stopped Cortana and removed from Android on March 31, 2021, along with iOS. +Windows Phone. +Cortana on Windows Phone 8.1 was released on April 16, 2014 by Joe Belfiore, Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer. Cortana says "Ask me anything" from the voice command, Cortana on new features in white yellow, black cyan, lemon and green lemon. +iOS. +Cortana on iOS was released on December 2015. Like on Android, Cortana does not respond to "Hey Cortana". Cortana app can open from the say in notebook, To Do list and more, or in Windows 10, Cortana on iOS can talk by search of Google and Bing in Web. Microsoft discontinued Cortana from iOS on March 31, 2021, along with Android. +Microsoft Windows. +Cortana is supported on Windows 10 and Windows 11. Cortana can respond to "Hey Cortana" and can search the web using Microsoft Bing, Microsoft's search engine. In Windows 10 version 2004 and 22H2, Cortana can updates and white wallpaper with Cortana cyan blue, not like Cortana in black wallpaper, they use Chat to Cortana and not respond to "Hey Cortana". In August 11, 2023, Microsoft announced that Cortana was discontinued by standalone app for all Windows 10 and Windows 11. +Microsoft Band. +Cortana on Microsoft Band watch was released on January 2016, talk by watch into Windows Phone 8.1 and Windows 10 Mobile, Cortana can talk from watch in Windows Phone 8.1. Cortana can be used talking from To Do list, in Microsoft website. +Amazon Alexa. +Amazon Alexa can be used for voice Cortana, voice by Jen Taylor, in Windows 10, Cortana can be talking from Amazon Alexa in plug USB. In Windows Phone 8.1, Cortana can plug from Amazon Alexa in blue Cortana colored, Cortana can talk anybody something on Microsoft website and Amazon Alexa. +Region and language. +Cortana can be used in 7 places in the world: The United States, the United Kingdom, China, France, Italy, Germany and Spain. +Privacy. +Cortana using for IOS and Android in 4 years ago after in early 2021 can be closing, Cortana is the virtual assistant from the Microsoft Corporation, in Microsoft Build 2016, Cortana can be used for Android and IOS in privacy deletion from Microsoft. +Cortana information. +Cortana is the virtual assistant using for Bing search in Microsoft, Cortana place on Xbox 360, is Halo 4 on 2012, people can use for Cortana saying from the Microsoft Build 2016. Cortana in Halo can use for virtual assistant about the Siri assistant, in Cortana menu, Cortana on Halo can be using in information privacy policy on 2015, in January 2016, Cortana using for iPad and iPhone in Microsoft Build 2016 on nine day later. +Notebook. +Notebook for Cortana can launch after released, Notebook can use for Cortana writing in To Do List on Windows 10, Windows Phone 8.1 and more. in Windows Mixed Reality, Cortana can using from the privacy can starting on 2016. Notebook using from enterprise, businessman and later. Notebook can using for freeded on February 2016. +Business Group. +Business Group was released on October 14, 2016, at the Moscone Center, in privacy of Cortana, in Halo, Cortana can using from Business Group on enterprise, consumer and businessman, developed for Microsoft Corporation, Cortana can using for blue Business Group use from development in Microsoft. +Privacy policy. +Privacy policy on Cortana can starting until October 2020, after released Windows 10 October 2020 Update, Cortana using for news features in white blue cyan, not unlike Cortana black, in Windows 10 May 2020 Update, on June 2020, Cortana from Microsoft can starting privacy in until years 2020. + += = = Itsukushima Shrine = = = +Itsukushima Shrine (����, "Itsukushima-jinja") is a Shinto shrine on the island of Itsukushima (popularly known as Miyajima). It is best known for its “floating” "torii" gate. It is in the city of Hatsukaichi in Hiroshima Prefecture in Japan. The shrine is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. +Itsukushima shrine is a popular Japanese tourist spot. It is most famous for its gate, called the "torii" in Japanese. The shrine is made up of two main buildings: the Honsha shrine and the Sessha Marodo-jinja. There are also 17 other buildings within the shrine. The Japanese government has selected 6 buildings and items as National Treasures. + += = = Donald Campbell = = = +Donald Campbell (March 23, 1921 – January 4, 1967) was a British world record holder who died trying to break the world record of becoming the fastest man on water in 1967. On 4 January that year, his jet powered boat lifted into the air, and was slammed back into the water with so much force, that Campbell died immediately, but his body was not found until 34 years later. Many people have predicted that the crash would not have happened, and was a result of the boat being too light due to a lack of fuel. + += = = Firouz Bagherzadeh = = = +Firouz Bagherzadeh (31 May 1930 – 4 February 2021) was an Iranian archaeologist and Islamic art scholar. He was an expert on ceramics and Islamic works. He was born in Tabriz, Iran. In June 1977, he was elected the first President of the World Committee of Cultural and Natural Heritage (UNESCO). +Bagherzadeh died on 4 February 2021 in Paris, France at aged 90. + += = = Paolo Bartolozzi = = = +Paolo Bartolozzi (12 September 1957 – 4 February 2021) was an Italian politician. He was a Member of the European Parliament from 1999 to 2014. From 1985 to 1987, he was Mayor of Londa. Bartolozzi was born in Ruffina, Italy. He was a member of the Forza Italia Party. +Bartolozzi died on 4 February 2021 in Florence, Italy at the age of 63. + += = = Southeastern myotis = = = +The southeastern myotis ("Myotis austroriparius") is a small species of bat. It found throughout the Gulf Coastal Plain and the Lower Mississippi alluvial plain of the southeastern United States. +Description. +The southeastern myotis weighs 5–8 g. It eats mainly insects. The southeastern bat, rests by day and look for food at night. The southeastern bat has a wingspan of about 9-11 inches. Pelage varies from gray to bright orange-brown. The females are generally more brightly colored than the males. +This species is sometimes seen roosting with Rafinesque's big-eared bats. +Distribution and Habitat. +The range of this species includes southern Illinois and Indiana in the north, westward into southeastern Oklahoma, western Tennessee and Arkansas, and northeastern Texas, and eastward to the southern part of North Carolina. +The southeastern myotis lives in bottomland hardwood forests. It roosts and looks for food near water. Bottomland hardwood forests usually contain bald cypress and water tupelo which are common roosting trees of bottomland bats. Good habitats are made up of trees of sufficient size and maturity sufficient for tree cavities to form. They are also known to roost in caves, cisterns, abandoned buildings, and under bridges. +Ecology. +Southeastern myotis are an important source of food for barred owls, particularly in the nesting season. They are less important as a source of food outside of the nesting season. + += = = Nico Nicoson = = = +Nico Nicoson is a Sydney-based contemporary artist known for his bold and highly graphic artworks. His work has been published around the world and has created street artworks throughout Australia, Europe and Asia. Nico participated in Street Art Murals Australia (SAMA) in June 2015. +Documentary. +Nico's activities were filmed for a documentary on his life and work, released as "Nico Untitled" in 2016 in Australia. The documentary was premiered at the Festival Mundial de Cine Independiente de Quito in Ecuador in March and at Melbourne Documentary Film Festival in June 2017. + += = = Megha Akash = = = +Megha Akash (born 26 October 1995) is an Indian movie actress who appears in Tamil, Telugu and Hindi language movies. She made her debut in Telugu movie "Lie" in 2017. +Early life. +Megha was born on 26 October 1995 in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. She attended the Lady Andal School, Chennai. +Career. +Megha started her career by performing in the movie "Oru Pakka Kathai", but it got delayed and released on ZEE5 on 25 December 2020. She later starred in the 2017 Telugu, movie and made her Tamil debut in the movie "Enai Noki Paayum Thota" opposite Dhanush, but "Petta" released first. + += = = Debattama Saha = = = +Debattama Saha is an Indian television actress known for playing the role of Anokhi in "Shaurya Aur Anokhi Ki Kahani". +Early life. +Debattama Saha completed her studies from Don Bosco High School, Silchar and graduated in English Honours from Amity University, Kolkata. +Career. +Saha made Hindi TV debut in 2019 with Sony TV's "Ishaaron Ishaaron Mein" as Dr. Parineeti Ganguly opposite Mudit Nayar. +Since December 2020, she is playing the role of Anokhi Bhalla in StarPlus's "Shaurya Aur Anokhi Ki Kahani" opposite Karanvir Sharma. + += = = Subrata Bakshi = = = +Subrata Bakshi (born 23 July 1950) is an Indian politician. He is the current Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from West Bengal. He is Deputy Leader of the parliamentary party of Trinamool Congress in Rajya Sabha on 7 February 2021. He is the General Secretary and State President of West Bengal All India Trinamool Congress. He was the Minister for Public Works and Transport in the Government of West Bengal in 2011. He was also an MLA, elected from the Bhabanipur constituency in the 2011 West Bengal state assembly election. +He was elected to parliament from South Kolkata constituency after Mamata Banerjee resigned to become a member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly. He was elected on 10 December 2011 with a margin of 2,30,999 votes. At 2014 Lok Sabha elections, he was re-elected again as member of parliament. Later in 2020, he was elected as a member of Rajya Sabha. + += = = State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs = = = +The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (; ; ) was a country that was created in October 1918, in Southeast Europe. Before that, it's land was a part of Austria-Hungary. When Austria-Hungary lost the World War I, it was broken up. Slovenes, Croats and Serbs are slavic peoples that lived in the south of Austria-Hungary. Their leaders and representatives wanted their people to come together and live in one country. In December 1918, soon after it was created, it joined the Kingdom of Serbia where many Serbs were already independent. This new country became the "Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes" which changed it's name to Yugoslavia in 1929. +The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs was independent for a very short time. During this time, other states didn't recognize it, but they soon recognized the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. + += = = Loam = = = +Loam is soil made mostly of sand and silt: +By weight, it is about 40–40–20% concentration of sand–silt–clay, respectively. These proportions vary, and give different types of loam soils: sandy loam, silty loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, and loam. + += = = My Funny Friend and Me = = = +"My Funny Friend and Me" is a song by English musician Sting. It was written by Sting and David Hartley for Walt Disney Pictures' 40th animated feature film "The Emperor's New Groove". When the film began development in 1994 under the title "Kingdom of the Sun", Sting was hired to write the film's songs. Released in November 2000, the track reached 24 on the American "Billboard" Adult Contemporary Singles chart, and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 73rd Academy Awards in 2001. + += = = Lucky Number (song) = = = +"Lucky Number" is a song by English recording artist Lene Lovich. Originally released as a B-side for Lovich's cover of "I Think We're Alone Now", the song was re-released in 1979 by Stiff Records as an A-side and became the second single of his debut studio album "Stateless" (1978). The song was written by Lovich and Les Chappell, who produced the song. +"Lucky Number" received very positive reviews from music critics and was a commercial success, peaking at number two in Australia, number three in the Netherlands, New Zealand and the United Kingdom, and number five in Belgium. The single also charted well in Ireland and Austria. It became a defining song of the new wave genre. + += = = Pedestrian scramble = = = +A pedestrian scramble, or 'X' crossing is also known as a diagonal crossing, Barnes dance (US), or scramble intersection / scramble corner (Canada). +It is a type of crossing which temporarily stops all traffic. This lets pedestrians cross an intersection in every direction. +It was first used in Canada and the United States in the late 1940s. It fell out of favor with traffic engineers, because it gave priority to pedestrians over the flow of car traffic. Its safety and benefits to pedestrians has led to its being installed in many countries recently. + += = = Leonard 6 = = = +Leonard Part 6 (also known as Leonard Part VI) is a 1987 American spy parody film. It was directed by Paul Weiland and starred Bill Cosby, who also produced the film and wrote its story. The film also starred Eartha Kitt as the villain, and Joe Don Baker. The film was shot in the San Francisco Bay Area. It earned several Golden Raspberry Awards; Cosby himself denounced and disowned it in the press in the weeks leading up to its release. It is often considered to be one of the worst films ever made. + += = = Made of Honor = = = +Made of Honor (Made of Honour in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, and Australia) is a 2008 American romantic comedy movie directed by Paul Weiland and written by Adam Sztykiel, Deborah Kaplan, and Harry Elfont. The movie stars Patrick Dempsey, Michelle Monaghan, and Sydney Pollack. +The plot follows a lifelong playboy who falls in love with his best friend, only to have her get engaged and ask him to be her maid of honor. It was released by Columbia Pictures in the United States on May 2, 2008. Critics gave the movie negative reviews because of its formulaic humor and script. Yet the movie earned $106.4 million worldwide against a $40 million budget making it a box office success. It was released on DVD on September 16, 2008. + += = = Stray Kids = = = +Stray Kids, also known as SKZ, is a South Korean boy group under JYP Entertainment. They are an eight-member band producing Korean music. They debuted as nine members on 25th of March 2018 with their debut album "I Am NOT." Their latest album is Rock-Star with the title song "LALALALA". The eight current members are Bahng Christopher Chahn, Lee Minho (Lee Know), Seo Changbin, Hwang Hyunjin, Han Jisung, Lee Felix, Kim Seungmin, and Yang Jeongin (I.N.) Former member Kim Woojin left the band in 2019 for personal reasons. Many of their songs are produced by the members themselves. + += = = Philippine Institute of Chemical Engineers = = = +The Philippine Institute of Chemical Engineers (PIChE) is the only Professional Regulation Commission accredited and integrated professional organization for chemical engineers in the Philippines. + += = = Bernard and the Genie = = = +Bernard and the Genie is a 1991 British fantasy comedy-drama television film directed by Paul Weiland and written by Richard Curtis. Co-produced by Attaboy and Talkback for BBC Television, the film was first shown on BBC1 on 23 December 1991. A comic fantasy that takes its inspiration from "The Book of One Thousand and One Nights", it follows Alan Cumming as an art dealer who ain't not having no good day. + += = = Mexican burrowing tree frog = = = +The Mexican burrowing tree frog or cross-banded tree frog (Smilisca) is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. They live in Mexico, southern Texas and Arizona, Central America, and northwestern South America. +Scientists studying Hylidae recently decided that two species from "Pternohyla" were really "Smilisca". +The name "smilisca" is from the Ancient Greek "" for "little knife." The Mexican burrowing tree frogs are called "Smilisca" because they have pointed frontoparietal processes. + += = = The Man Who Sold the World (song) = = = +"The Man Who Sold the World" is a song by David Bowie. The band Nirvana covered this song in the live album, "MTV Unplugged in New York." + += = = List of impact craters in Australia = = = +This list includes all 27 confirmed impact craters in Australia as listed in the Earth Impact Database. + += = = Acraman crater = = = +Acraman crater is a deeply eroded impact crater in the Gawler Ranges of South Australia. +It is marked by Lake Acraman, a circular ephemeral dry lake about in diameter. The crater and the later discovery of its ejecta were reported in the journal "Science" in 1986. The evidence for impact includes the presence of shatter cones and shocked quartz in shattered bedrock on islands in Lake Acraman. + += = = Westerlund 1-26 = = = +Westerlund 1-26 (also called Westerlund BKS AS, officially named Westerlund 1 W26) is a star. It is a red supergiant in the Westerlund 1 super star cluster. Its radius is ~1,165 - 1,221 solar radii, making it one of the largest stars known. + += = = Australasian strewnfield = = = +The Australasian strewnfield is the youngest and largest of the tektite strewnfields. Recent estimates suggest it may cover 10%30% of the Earth's surface. Tektites are gravel-sized bodies composed of black, green, brown, or grey natural glass. They are formed from terrestrial debris ejected by meteorite impacts. +The strewnfield is about c. 790,000-year-old. It includes most of Southeast Asia (Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Southern China). The material from the impact stretches across the ocean to include the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Java. It also reaches far west out into the Indian Ocean, and south to Australia and Tasmania. Since the 1960s, it has been accepted that the strewn field included Hainan in southern China to Australia or about 10% of the Earth's surface. This was later extended by finds in Africa and Tasmania to 20%. Recent additional finds in northern Tibet and Guangxi increased the strewnfield to about 30% of the Earth's surface, or almost 150 million km2, or about the size of the entire world's landmass. +The glass comes from the melting of local rocks due to the impact of a large meteorite. The assumed source is a 1.2-kilometer-wide topographic depression in Tasmania known as Darwin Crater. The crater is filled with 230 metres of sediments and breccia. A crater of that size would be caused by a meteorite 20 to 50 metres in diameter. + += = = Tektite = = = +Tektites (from Greek , "molten") are gravel-sized bodies of natural glass. They come in green or brown (usually). They are formed from terrestrial debris ejected during meteorite impacts. The term was coined by Austrian geologist Franz Eduard Suess (1867–1941). They generally range in size from millimeters to centimeters. Millimeter-scale tektites are known as microtektites. +Tektites are characterized by: + += = = Neapolitan language = = = +Neapolitan is a language spoken in and around Naples, in much of the south of Italy. + += = = Boulos Nassif Borkhoche = = = +Boulos Nassif Borkhoche (born Paul Victor Borkhoche, SMSP (7 October 1932 – 4 February 2021) was a Lebanese-born Syrian Melkite Greek Catholic hierarch. He was Archbishop of the Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Bosra and Hauran in Syria from 1983 to 2011. He became a priest in 1960. +Borkhoche died on 4 February 2021 at the age of 88. + += = = Hy Cohen = = = +Hyman Cohen (January 29, 1931 – February 4, 2021) was an American baseball pitcher who played one season in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played seven games for the Chicago Cubs in 1955. He batted and threw right-handed and served as a relief pitcher. +Cohen died on February 4, 2021 at a hospital in Rancho Mirage, California from problems caused by COVID-19, aged 90. + += = = Millie Hughes-Fulford = = = +Millie Elizabeth Hughes-Fulford (December 21, 1945 – February 2, 2021) was an American medical investigator, molecular biologist, and NASA payload specialist. She flew aboard the NASA Space Shuttle "Columbia" in 1991. She was the first female payload specialist in space. Hughes-Fulford was born in Mineral Wells, Texas. +Hughes-Fulford died on February 2, 2021 in San Francisco, California from lymphoma at the age of 75. + += = = Franz Josef Kuhnle = = = +Franz Josef Kuhnle (27 April 1926 – 4 February 2021) was a German Roman Catholic auxiliary bishop. He became a priest in 1952. He was titular bishop of "Sorres" and as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart, Germany from 1976 to 1990. +Kuhnle died on 4 February 2021, aged 94. + += = = Laiching Jagoi = = = +"Laiching Jagoi" () (literally, "Dance of summoning the deity") is a dance form performed by the maibis (priestesses) with the langthrei (a special leaf of Blumea balsamifera) held between their fingers. This sequence involves a variety of expressive movements where the spirit of the deity is invited to enter each maibi's body. It is an invocatory dance where the maibis stand with their hands in a pose symbolizing women's union. In this dance form, the maibis, after invoking the deities from water, perform leitai nongdai jagoi. This dance form is performed in front of the shrine of the deities. + += = = Charles McGee (painter) = = = +Charles McGee (December 15, 1924 – February 4, 2021) was an American artist and educator. He was known for creating paintings, assemblages, and sculptures. His artwork is in the collections of the Detroit Institute of Arts and the Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History. He also created many public works in the city of Detroit. McGee was born in Clemson, South Carolina. +McGee died on February 4, 2021 in Detroit, Michigan at the age of 96. + += = = Clemson, South Carolina = = = +Clemson () is a city in Pickens and Anderson counties in the U.S. state of South Carolina. Clemson is home to Clemson University. 17,681 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Pierre-Antoine Paulo = = = +Pierre-Antoine Paulo, OMI (23 March 1944 – 4 February 2021) was a Haitian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was Bishop of Port-de-Paix from 2008 to 2020. Paulo was born in Camp-Perrin, Haiti. +Pope Francis accepted his resignation as Bishop of Port-de-Paix on 14 April 2020. +Paulo died on 4 February 2021 in Port-de-Paix, Haiti at the age of 76. + += = = Ri Jae-il = = = +Ri Jae-il (, 1935 – 4 February 2021) was a North Korean politician. He a member of the Propaganda and Agitation Department from 2004 to 2014. He was a member of the Workers' Party of Korea and of the Supreme People's Assembly. +Ri died on 4 February 2021 of lung cancer in Pyongyang, North Korea at the age of 86. + += = = Afonso Fioreze = = = +Afonso Fioreze (1 June 1942 – 6 February 2021) was a Brazilian Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1970. He was coadjutor bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Luziânia, Brazil in 2003 and 2004 and as bishop of the diocese from 2004 to 2017. +Fioreze died on 6 February 2021, aged 78. + += = = Harry Fielder = = = +Harry Fielder (26 April 1940 – 6 February 2021) was an English actor. He was known for appearing in many television shows from the 1960s to the 1990s. His best known roles were on "Doctor Who", "Blake's 7", "Shoestring", "The Sweeney", "Minder" and "The Professionals". +Fielder died on 6 February 2021 at the age of 80. + += = = Santiago García (Uruguayan footballer) = = = +Santiago Damián García Correa (14 September 1990 – 4 February 2021), nicknamed "Morro", was a Uruguayan professional footballer. He played as a striker. +His last club was Argentine club Godoy Cruz, which tenure is thought to be the most successful of his professional career. +García was a member of the Uruguay under-20 team that participated in the 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup, where he played three games and scored one goal. +On 6 February 2021, García was found dead in his apartment in Mendoza, Argentina, with a gunshot wound in the head, aged 30. It was confirmed that the cause of death was suicide by gunshot. + += = = Cobar Shire = = = +Cobar Shire is a local government area in the Orana region of New South Wales, Australia. It has a total area of , about two-thirds the size of Tasmania. +Lilliane Brady was the Mayor of Cobar Shire for almost 23 years, and died in 2021. + += = = Mario Osbén = = = +Mario Ignacio Osbén Méndez (14 July 1950 – 7 February 2021) was a Chilean footballer. He played as a goalkeeper. He played for Ñublense, Club de Deportes Concepción, Unión Española, Colo Colo and Cobreloa during his professional career. +He represented the Chile national team at the 1982 FIFA World Cup. He played for the team from 1979 to 1988. +Osbén died on 7 February 2021 from a heart attack in Concepción, Chile at the age of 70. + += = = Leisem Jagoi = = = +"Leisem Jagoi " () (literally, "Dance of creation of the earth") is a dance form enacted by imitating the movements of nine gods and seven goddesses creating the earth, followed by Laibou Jagoi, depicting the creation of human body and various activities of man, like weaving of clothes. +The sequence of the dance is performed by the Ningol Macha (girls). +The six original forms of the dance are leishem, leitai, nongdai, leipekpa, leihouba and leipiba. +It is one of the early dance forms of Ancient Manipur contributing to the rich Manipur's classical wealth of culture. + += = = Giuseppe Rotunno = = = +Giuseppe Rotunno (19 March 1923 – 7 February 2021) was an Italian cinematographer. He won a BAFTA Award in 1979 for his work in "All That Jazz". Rotunno was born in Rome. His career lasted from 1955 to 1997. Rotunno was the first non-American member admitted to the American Society of Cinematographers in 1966. +Rotunno died on 7 February 2021 in Rome at the age of 97. + += = = Rhoon = = = +Rhoon is a village in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is in the Albrandswaard municipality and had 16,066 inhabitants in 2020. +Rhoon used to be a municipality. It became part of the new Albrandswaard municipality on 1 January 1985. + += = = Moufida Tlatli = = = +Moufida Tlatli (; 4 August 1947 – 7 February 2021) was a Tunisian movie director and politician. She was the first Arab woman to direct a full feature-length movie ("The Silences of the Palace") in the Arab World. She was born in Sidi Bou Saïd, French Tunisia. Her career began in 1970. In 2011, she was the Minister of Culture. +Tlatli died on 7 February 2021 in Tunis from COVID-19 at the age of 73. + += = = Ezzat El Alaili = = = +Ezzat El Alaily () (15 September 1934 – 5 February 2021) was an Egyptian actor. He appeared in over 300 movies, TV series, and theatre plays. His career began in the 1960s. He was born in Cairo. His best known roles were in "Cairo" (1963), "The Land" (1970), "Kuwait Connection" (1973), "Alexandria... Why?" (1979), "Al Qadisiyya" (1981), "People on the Top" (1981) and "War in the Land of Egypt" (1991). +Alaili died on 5 February 2021 in Cairo, aged 86. + += = = Isa Bellini = = = +Isa Bellini (19 June 1922 – 5 February 2021) was an Italian actress, presenter and singer. Her best known movie roles were in "Una famiglia impossibile" (1940), "The Happy Ghost" (1941), "Without Family" (1972), "Love and Anarchy" (1973) and "Camere da letto" (1997). +Bellini died in Rome on 5 February 2021, aged 98. + += = = Joseph Benz = = = +Joseph "Josef" or "Sepp" Benz (20 May 1944 – 5 February 2021) was a Swiss bobsledder. He competed in two Winter Olympics, he won four medals with one gold (1980), two silvers (1976, 1980), and one bronze (1976). Benz was born in Zurich, Switzerland. +Benz died of COVID-19 on 5 February 2021 in Zurich, aged 76, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland. + += = = Laurent Dona Fologo = = = +Laurent Dona Fologo (12 December 1939 – 5 February 2021) was an Ivorian politician. From 2000 until 2011, he was President of the . He was a member of the Democratic Party. Fologo was born in Sinématiali, French West Africa. +Fologo died on 5 February 2021 in Abidjan, Ivory Coast at the age of 81. + += = = Neutronium = = = +Neutronium (sometimes shortened to neutrium, also referred to as neutrite) is a possible substance composed entirely of neutrons. The word was coined by scientist Andreas von Antropoff in 1926 (before the discovery of the neutron) for the hypothetical "element of atomic number zero" (with zero protons in its nucleus) that he placed at the start of the periodic table (denoted by dash, no element symbol). However, the meaning of the term has changed over time, and since the last half of the 20th century it has been also used to refer to extremely dense substances resembling the neutron-degenerate matter speculated to exist in the cores of neutron stars. Science fiction and popular literature commonly use the term "neutronium" to refer to a very dense phase of matter composed mostly of neutrons. + += = = Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville = = = +Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville (11 March 18181 July 1881) was a French chemist. +He was born in the island of St Thomas in the Danish West Indies, where his father was French consul. Together with his elder brother Charles he was educated in Paris at the collège Rollin. In 1844, he graduated as a doctor of medicine and doctor of science. In that same year, he was appointed to organize the new faculty of science at Besançon, where he acted as dean and professor of chemistry from 1845 to 1851. When he returned to Paris in the 1952 he succeeded Antoine Jérôme Balard at the École Normale, and in 1859 became professor at the Sorbonne in place of J. B. A. Dumas, for whom he had begun to lecture in 1853. He died at Boulogne-sur-Seine. +In 1841, he began his experiments with investigations of oil of turpentine and tolu balsam. In 1849 he discovered anhydrous nitric acid (nitrogen pentoxide), a substance interesting as the first obtained of the so-called "anhydrides" of the monobasic acids. In 1854, he succeeded in making metallic aluminium, and he thought of a method by which the metal could be prepared on a large scale by the aid of sodium, the manufacture of which he also developed. Together with Friedrich Wöhler, he discovered silicon nitride in 1857. +Deville was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1860. In 1885, the "rue Sainte-Claire-Deville" in the 12th "arrondissement de Paris" was named in his honour. + += = = Hall–Héroult process = = = +The Hall–Héroult process is the major industrial process for smelting aluminium. It involves dissolving aluminium oxide (alumina) (mainly from bauxite, aluminium's chief ore, through the Bayer process) in molten cryolite, and electrolysing the molten salt bath, usually in a purpose-built cell. The Hall–Héroult process applied at industrial scale happens at 940–980 °C and produces 99.5–99.8% pure aluminium. Recycled aluminum requires no electrolysis, thus it does not end up in this process. This process contributes to climate change through the emission of carbon dioxide in the electrolytic reaction. + += = = Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri = = = +Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri is a 2017 crime drama movie written, co-produced, and directed by Martin McDonagh. The movie stars Frances McDormand, who plays a woman from Missouri who rents three billboards that bring attention to her daughter's rape and murder. Woody Harrelson, Sam Rockwell, Abbie Cornish, Lucas Hedges, John Hawkes, and Peter Dinklage are in the movie as supporting actors. It was released in the United States in November 2017 and in the United Kingdom in January 2018 by Fox Searchlight Pictures. It earned $160 million worldwide. + += = = World Sudoku Championship = = = +The World Sudoku Championship is an annual international puzzle competition organised by a member of the World Puzzle Federation. The first event was held in Lucca in 2006. +Participants. +Thirty countries are official members of the World Puzzle Federation. Individuals may also take part if their country is not already represented by a national team. +Results summary. +Starting from 2013, titles have been awarded also for the best players in two age groups, Under 18 and Over 50 years of age. + += = = Laihou Jagoi = = = +"Laihou Jagoi" () (literally,"dance of invitation" or "opening dance") is a dance form performed by the maibis (priestesses) to lead a way to a pond or river, in the religious festival of Lai Haraoba. +During the performance of the dance, the tune of the pena, a traditional musical instrument, is also shrimmed up. +With the maibis, the sword bearing youths in two rows, the maidens with the brass vessels, the Lai bearers, the isaiphu bearers, the chong (umbrella) bearers accompany the pibas (men) holding the two pots. + += = = Chukpharon Jagoi = = = +"Chukpharon Jagoi" is a dance form performed by the maibis (priestesses) to please the lords of the four directions, Thangjing, Marjing, Wangbren, and Koubru, in the religious festival of Lai Haraoba. During the performance, the maibi takes the two ekouphus (pots) from the laipubas, holding the Lainingthou ekouphu in the right hand and the Lairembi ekouphu in the left hand. The dance performance portrays the dance of goddess Nongthang Leima, who saves the universe from destruction. + += = = At the Circus = = = +At the Circus is a 1939 American comedy movie directed by Edward Buzzell and starring Groucho Marx, Chico Marx, Harpo Marx, Kenny Baker, Florence Rice, Eve Arden, Margaret Dumont, Nat Pendleton, Fritz Feld, James Burke, Jerry Maren, Barnett Parker. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. + += = = Haoreima = = = +Haoreima () or Haoleima () (literally, "tribal lady") is a goddess in Meitei mythology and religion of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). She was a woman from the hills. She was killed while arranging to meet her lover. She turned into a spirit. She is regarded as an incarnation of Goddess Panthoibi. She is also identified with goddess Nongthang Leima. +Etymology. +In Meitei language (Manipuri language), the name "Haoreima" is derived from "Haoleima". "Haoleima" is made up of two component words, "Hao" and "Leima". In Meitei language (Manipuri language), "Hao" has multiple meanings. It may mean (1) yes (the response), (2) tasty, savoury or (3) tribe. Here, "Hao" means a "tribe". In Meitei language (Manipuri language), "Leima" means a queen or a mistress or a lady. +The name "Haoreima" usually refers to a tribal woman carrying a traditional elongated basket ("sam" or "sham"). +Namesakes. +There are many people with the name "Haoreima" in the history of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). +Haoreima Tamheibee- Khuman Princess and Meitei Queen. +"Haoreima Tamheibee" was the daughter of King Atom Nongyai Thingkol Hanba of the Khuman dynasty. She was married to Meitei King Kainou Irengba (984 AD-1074 AD). After the marriage, she came to be known as "Meitei Leima" (lit. "Meitei Queen"). + += = = 2021 Uttarakhand glacial outburst flood = = = +At around 10:45 a.m. IST on 7 February 2021, a flooding disaster happened in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand in northern India along the Alaknanda and Dhauliganga rivers. +It is believed that a landslide, avalanche or a glacial lake outburst flood was the cause of the incident. More than 26 were killed and more than 200 are missing. + += = = List of genocides = = = +The following is a list of all genocides which have a upper estimated death count over 1000: + += = = Patrick Dewaere = = = +Patrick Dewaere (26 January 1947 – 16 July 1982) was a French actor. Born in Saint-Brieuc, Côtes-d'Armor, he was the son of French actress Mado Maurin. His career lasted more than 31 years, until his suicide in Paris in 1982. +He was nominated six times at the César Awards between 1976 and 1982, but never won. +He was one of the most important French actors of the 1970-1980 era, with his friend Gérard Depardieu. They won the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film in 1979 with Bertrand Blier's "Get Out Your Handkerchiefs". +He is the father of French actress Lola Dewaere, and screenwriter Angèle Herry. + += = = Isobar = = = +In meteorology, an isobar is a line on a map that connects areas with the same atmospheric pressure. Wind is generally perpendicular to isobars. When looking at the difference in pressure, it is also possible to estimate wind direction and speed. The first person to use isobars was Alexander Buchan (1829-1907). + += = = Isobaric process = = = +In thermodynamics, an isobaric process is a process, where the pressure stays constant. To get an ideal gas to a different temperature, more heat is needed, because some heat will be used to expand the gas. This is different in an isochoric process, where the volume of the gas does not change. + += = = La Palma = = = +Las Palmas de Gran Canaria is the capital of the Canary Islands. It is on a different island. +La Palma ( [la ˈpalma]), also San Miguel de La Palma, is the most north-westerly island of the Canary Islands, Spain. La Palma has an area of making it the fifth largest of the seven main Canary Islands. The total population at the start of 2019 was 82,671, of which 15,716 lived in the capital, Santa Cruz de la Palma, and about 20,467 in Los Llanos de Aridane. +La Palma's highest mountain is the Roque de los Muchachos, at above sea level, being second among the peaks of the Canaries only to the peaks of the Teide massif on Tenerife. La Palma is above the ocean floor. +Like all the other islands of the Canary Islands, La Palma was created by volcanoes on the bottom of the sea, and is the most active volcanic island. In 1815, the German geologist Leopold von Buch visited the Canary Islands. He had been visiting Tenerife, where he visited the Las Cañadas caldera, and then later to La Palma, where he visited the Taburiente caldera, that the Spanish word for cauldron or large cooking pot – "caldera" – became a word that geologists use. In the center of the island is the Caldera de Taburiente National Park; one of four national parks in the Canary Islands. +The Cumbre Vieja volcano erupted in 1949, 1971 and 2021. + += = = The Pirates! In an Adventure with Scientists! = = = +The Pirates! In an Adventure with Scientists! is a 2009-2010 British-American-Canadian adult animated television series created by British character designer and animator Rob Stevenson. 52 episodes were produced. +The show was directed and produced by Rob Stevenson and animated by Rough Draft Korea in Seoul, South Korea. The music for the series was composed by Jody Gray, Andy Ezrin and John Scott. A theatrical feature-length film directly based on the series titled "" was later released in 2015. + += = = Doggerland = = = +Doggerland was an area in the North Sea. During the last ice age, the oceans sank and it became dry land. It connected Great Britain to the European continent. Between 6500 and 6200 BCE sea levels rose, and Doggerland was flooded. Research has suggested that Doggerland was between the east coast of England, the coast of the Netherlands, and Jutland. Doggerland is named after the Dogger Bank. It was first suspected to exist in 1931 when a fishing boat found an antler of a deer in the area. Doggerland had a surface of about . + += = = Hiyang Tannaba = = = +"Hiyang Tannaba" (literally, "Boat race") is a traditional boat race ceremony performed as a part of the religious festival of Lai Haraoba. It is generally organized in the month of November at many places including Thangapat (moat). The boats called Hiyang Hiren are regarded as invested with spiritual powers and the game is associated with religious rites. The Meiteis believe that the worship of the Hiyang Hiren will bring protection from the evils. + += = = Common Mexican tree frog = = = +The Mexican tree frog, common Mexican tree frog, Van Vliet's frog, Mexican smilisca, Baudin's tree frog or tooter ("Smilisca baudinii") is a frog that lives in Mexico and parts of Texas and Costa Rica. Scientists have seen it as high as 1601 meters above sea level; it can live in forests, coastal areas and places that are a little dry. +Appearance. +The adult male frog is about 76 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog can be 90 mm long. It has a flat head and large eyes. The frogs can be different colors: green, brown, or light brown. It has patches of darker color. There is yellow and black color on the upper legs. The hind feet have a lot of webbing and the front feet have some webbing. The belly is light in color. The adult male frog has a dark throat and the adult female frog has a light throat. +Life cycle. +These frogs lay eggs after it rains, at any time of year. The males wait near temporary bodies of water and sing for the females. The females sometimes lay eggs in shallow limestone basins. The eggs sit on the top of the water in a film. The tadpoles are brown with a lighter stripe. +Behavior. +Adult Mexican tree frogs hide during the day in the shade or under tree bark. They look for food at night. They eat insects, spiders and other animals with no spines. People have seen Mexican tree frogs in the tops of palm trees. +Both male and female frogs make a high sound when they see a animal that wants to eat them. The male frog makes a "wonk wonk wonk" sound when he sings for the female frog. +This frog can make a cocoon. This frog sheds the skin cells on the very outside of its body. The cocoon stops water from leaving the frog's body. +Threats. +Snakes like to eat this frog. +Scientists think this frog is good at living near humans, but there are some places where people have not seen the frog for a long time. + += = = Dhime = = = +The Dhimay, Dhimaya (Nepal Bhasa: �����) or Dhime (����) is a drum. The drummer can hit either side of the drum. The dhime is a traditional Newar musical instrument. + += = = Hiyang Hiren = = = +Hiyang Hiren () (literally, "large race boat") is a traditional royal race boat, used at the Hiyang Tannaba ceremony in the religious festival of Lai Haraoba. +The boat is regarded as invested with spiritual powers and is associated with religious rites. The Meitei people believe that the worship of the boat will bring protection from the evils. +The Hiyangloi Hanchapa is responsible for making the Hiyang Hiren, which is decorated with the stern (hirubak) the head of the Sangai deer. +The boat is around 54 feet long, and its racing ceremony is held annually for two days. + += = = Oinam family = = = +"Oinam" () () is a family name belonging to a branch of the Khuman dynasty of the Meitei ethnicity (Manipuri ethnicity). "Oinam Apokpa" ("Oinam Pokpa") is a clan ancestral deity worshipped by the people (members) of the family, following Meitei religion (Sanamahism). + += = = Faizabad district = = = +Ayodhya district, is one of the 75 districts of Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The administrative headquarters of the district is the city of Ayodhya. The district is believed to be the birth place of Hindu deity Rama. The district occupies an area of . In the 2011 census, it had a population of 2,470,996 people. Awadhi is the commonly used language of the people of the Ayodhya district. + += = = Chrysanthemum vestitum = = = +Chrysanthemum vestitum is a plant with white flowers, a type of Chrysanthemum. It is in the Compositae family. It grows in Hubei Province in China. + += = = SS Joseph L. Hurd = = = +SS "Joseph L. Hurd" was a wooden steam ship built in Detroit, Michigan, in 1869. +Career. +The "Joseph L. Hurd" was first used in Detroit on September 15, 1869, starting on the Detroit and Saginaw route. She later crashed with the "Cayuga" in 1895, sinking the newer steel ship and killing one crew member. The "Joseph L. Hurd" started carrying stone in October 1904, and she became a barge in 1907. +Beaching. +"Joseph L. Hurd" was beached in September 1913 and has not been used since then. + += = = Intrusive thought = = = +Intrusive thoughts are obsessive (repeating) unwanted thoughts that someone has that make them feel sad, angry, annoyed, embarrassed, depressed, or even suicidal that led them to feel anxiety or sometimes, even panic attacks. It is normal for everyone to have intrusive thoughts, though some people find it very hard to move on from them because they feel so real. +Intrusive thoughts are most common in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), which is when someone with OCD gets intrusive thoughts that give them extreme anxiety and cause them to do the same ritual over and over again because they feel like bad things will happen if they don't do it. The difference between someone who has OCD and someone who does not is most people without OCD are able to ignore the thoughts, but people with OCD feel like they are holding them back and will not leave them alone. Intrusive thoughts are also associated with depression, body dysmorphic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. + += = = Chinese Jamaicans = = = +Chinese Jamaicans are Jamaicans of Chinese ancestry, which include descendants of migrants from China to Jamaica. Early migrants came in the 19th century; there was another wave of migration in the 1980s and 1990s + += = = Emirates Mars Mission = = = +The Emirates Mars Mission () is a United Arab Emirates Space Agency space exploration mission to Mars. The uncrewed Hope (, "Al Amal") orbiter was launched on 19 July 2020 at 21:58:14 UTC, and reached Mars on 9 February, 2021. The spacecraft was launched from the Tanegashima Space Center in Japan with a Japanese rocket, the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries H-IIA launcher. +The mission design, development, and operations are led by the Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC). The spacecraft was created by MBRSC and the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) at the University of Colorado Boulder, with support from Arizona State University (ASU) and the University of California, Berkeley. +The Emirates Mars Mission was the first of the three to arrive at Mars, performing a successful orbit entry maneuver on 9 February 2021. + += = = 2021 Ecuadorian general election = = = +A general election was held in Ecuador on 7 February 2021, the date for the first round of the presidential election, and also a vote about mining in Cuenca. +Incumbent president Lenín Moreno, who has held the office since his victory over Guillermo Lasso in 2017, is not seeking reelection. +Early results showed that Andrés Arauz was leading, but not enough to avoid a second round. Guillermo Lasso advanced to the run-off after coming in second place, beating Yaku Pérez Guartambel. +Former president Lucio Gutiérrez also ran in the election as a member of the Sociedad Patriótica party. +The second round was held on April 11, with Lasso defeated Arauz. Lasso will be inaugurated on May 24, 2021. + += = = Andrés Arauz = = = +Andrés Arauz Galarza (born 6 February 1985) is an Ecuadorian politician and economist. From 2015 to 2017 he was Minister of Knowledge and Human Talent during the presidency of Rafael Correa from 2015 to 2017. He also was Minister of Culture in March and April 2017 following the resignation of Raúl Vallejo. +In August 2020 he announced that he would be a candidate for President in the 2021 general election. On 7 February 2021, he won the majority of the votes in the first-round of the election and advanced to the run-off against Guillermo Lasso. In the April run-off, Lasso would go on to defeat Arauz. +During the 2023 election, Arauz was the running mate of Luisa González, who came in first place during the first round of voting, but lost in the run-off election. +He was born in Quito. He earned a Bachelor of Science from the University of Michigan and a doctorate in economics from the National Autonomous University of Mexico. + += = = Yaku Pérez Guartambel = = = +Yaku Sacha Pérez Guartambel (born Carlos Ranulfo, 26 February 1969), often simply known as Yaku Pérez, is an Ecuadorian politician and indigenous rights activist. He unsuccessfully ran for President of Ecuador in the 2021 election. He came in third place and did not qualify for the second round. He is running for president again in the 2023 election. +Activism. +He is ethnically Cañari, Pérez is a member of the eco-socialist Pachakutik Party. +He has been called an "anti-mining activist", Pérez has been involved in protests against water privatization efforts and the proposed Quimsacocha mining project. +Political career. +On 14 May 2019, he was elected as Provincial Prefect of the Azuay Province. He became well known during the 2019 demonstrations against President Lenín Moreno's neoliberal economic policies. +2021 presidential election. +In 2020, he announced his first presidential campaign to replace President Lenin Moreno in the 2021 election. In February 2021 during the first round of voting, Pérez Guartambel came in third place, losing to Guillermo Lasso for the second place to advance in the run-off in April. +2023 presidential election. +In May 2023, he announced his second presidential campaign to replace Guillermo Lasso in the 2023 election. + += = = White Jamaicans = = = +White Jamaicans are Jamaicans whose ancestry lies within the continent of Europe, most notably Great Britian, Ireland, Germany and Portugal. + += = = Lake Sidenreng = = = +Lake Sidenreng is a lake in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This lake is connected to Tempe Lake via a small channel. Lake Sidenreng has some water facilities. The location is surrounded by mountains. + += = = Lithuanian Canadians = = = +Lithuanian Canadians (Lithuanian: "Kanados lietuviai") are Canadians who are of full or partial Lithuanian descent. Over two-thirds of Lithuanian Canadians reside in Toronto, with other much smaller populations located around most of the Canadian provinces and territories. + += = = Latvian Canadians = = = +Latvian Canadians () are Canadians of full or partial Latvian descent. At the 2011 census, there were about 27,355 people of Latvian descent in Canada. + += = = Polish Canadians = = = +Polish Canadians (, ) are citizens of Canada with Polish ancestry, and Poles who immigrated to Canada from abroad. At the 2016 Census, there were 1,106,585 Canadians who claimed full or partial Polish heritage. + += = = Ukrainian Canadians = = = +Ukrainian Canadians (; ) are Canadian citizens of Ukrainian descent or Ukrainian-born people who immigrated to Canada. In 2016, there were an estimated 1,359,655 persons of full or partial Ukrainian origin living in Canada (most being Canadian-born citizens), making them Canada's eleventh largest ethnic group and giving Canada the world's third-largest Ukrainian population behind Ukraine itself and Russia. + += = = Joan Maling = = = +Joan Maling is a linguist and program director at the National Science Foundation. Her primary research expertise is in the syntax of Icelandic. +Maling earned a BA from Goucher College and a PhD in linguistics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1972). She taught at Brandeis University from 1972 until she joined the National Science Foundation in 2003. She is a retired professor at Brandeis University. +Maling was co-editor (1983–1986) and then editor-in-chief (1987–2003) of the linguistics journal "Natural Language and Linguistic Theory". She is a past president of the Linguistic Society of America (2014). + += = = Paukku = = = +Paukku is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include: + += = = Börje Salming = = = +Anders Börje Salming (; 17 April 1951 - 24 November 2022), nicknamed "The King", was a Swedish retired professional ice hockey defenceman. He played for Brynäs IF, the Toronto Maple Leafs, the Detroit Red Wings, and AIK. + += = = Negrito = = = +Negrito is the name for several ethnic groups from South and Southeast Asia. The name is the diminutive form of Negro. Like the term negro, many people consider it to be offensive. Usually, Negritos have a dark skin, curly hair, Asian facial features, and do not grow to be very tall. Traditionally, the term 'Negrito' has been used for the following groups: +The Island Negros, which is part of the Philippines today, was named after the Negritos. Because the term 'Negrito' doesn't allow a precise scientific definition, most scientists (ethnologues) no longer use the term either. +Genetic research found them to be more closely related to non-Negrito local populations than to each other. Many Negrito people share genetic ancestry with East Asians. Their physical and morphological features were found to be local adaptions to tropical rainforests of Southeast Asia, rather than a remnant of a shared common ancestor, as suggested previously. + += = = YouPorn = = = +YouPorn is a website allowing free access to pornographic video clips. It was founded in 2006, and has become one of the most accessed porn sites in the world. The site is free to access. It is financed using online advertising, such as banner ads. Users can upload their content (which are usually parts of porn movies). Each clip is reviewed, and is later released for public access. It is possible to search the site using keywords. There's also a paid subscription, where the users can access more content. +Usually, people need to have a certain minimal age to be able to have access to pornography. The site does not verify the age of the person watching. For this reason, it has been blocked in many countries. + += = = Andre Lavrillier = = = +André Henri Lavrillier (May 7, 1885 – January 28, 1958) was a French medalist. He won the Prix de Rome for engraving in 1914. André Lavrillier studied at the Beaux-Arts de Paris in the workshops of Jules Chaplain (1839 – 1909), Frédéric de Vernon (1858 – 1912) and Auguste Patey (1855 – 1930). André Lavrillier won a Second Grand Prix de Rome in 1911, and a Premier Grand Prix de Rome in 1914. He married the Romanian sculptor Margaret Cossaceanu (1893 – 1980). They are the parents of photographer Carol-Marc Lavrillier (born in 1933). André Lavrillier is the author of numerous French medals and coins. Andre is the older brother of Gaston Lavrillier. + += = = Rynagh O'Grady = = = +Rynagh O'Grady (18 April 1951 – 7 February 2021) was an Irish actress. She was born in Dublin. She was known for her roles of Mary O'Leary in the Channel 4 sitcom "Father Ted" and Minnie Kennedy in the 1999 movie "A Love Divided". +O'Grady died on 7 February 2021 in Dublin, at the age of 69. + += = = History of Arabia = = = +The Arabian Peninsula has been home to Semitic people for thousands of years. These people include the Arabs, but not all Arabs live in Arabia. People from the Arabian Desert, known as Bedouins, herded animals as nomads. They were grouped into extended families and tribes. People from other parts of it lived in villages and towns. +Before the Muslim era. +Around 3000 BC, people near the Persian Gulf were trading with Mesopotamia. Dilmun which is now Bahrain, was the center of trade. By 2000 BC, parts of South Arabian Peninsula were trading with Ancient Egypt. During the peaks of their empires, Assyria and Babylonia controlled North and West Arabian Peninsula. +Sometime around 1000 BC, the kingdom of Saba' appeared in South Arabian Peninsula. There were also other kingdoms in South Arabian Peninsula, including Ma'in and Hadhramaut. In the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC, Parthia expanded into South and East Arabian Peninsula. Saba' and Parthia became richer because of trade between Egypt and India. In the 1st century BC, Saba' conquered Ma'in. Near Saba', around 115 BC, the kingdom of Himyar appeared. In North Arabian Peninsula, Nabat was a trading kingdom in the 5th century BC. In 106 AD, the Roman Empire took control of Nabat. Parthia lost some wars to Rome and then left East Arabian Peninsula. The Bedouins expanded their area into more parts. Some of them moved to the East and North. +By the 4th century (300-400) AD, Himyar conquered all other kingdoms of South Arabian Peninsula. Christianity came to Arabian Peninsula, from Abyssinia and Syria. Some people in Himyar followed Judaism. A Jewish king of Himyar killed Christians. Abyssinia and Rome ruled by Justinian were both Christian countries. In 525 they attacked Himyar. In North and Central Arabian Peninsula, two kingdoms had appeared in the 3rd and 4th centuries AD: The Lakhmids and the Ghassanids. The Sassanid Empire from Persia supported the Lakhmids (and Himyar), and Rome supported the Ghassanids. These two empires were at war. In the 6th century the Bedouins fought each other in wars called the Jahiliyyah. +Muslim era. +In 610, Muhammad, an Arab from Mecca, claimed that God was speaking to him. The people of Mecca, mostly from the Quraysh tribe, worshipped many gods. Muhammad said that there was only one God. Muhammad founded the religion of Islam, and his followers, called Muslims, conquered Arabian Peninsula by war. After Muhammad died in 632, men called caliphs ruled the Muslims in empires called caliphates. These include the Rashidun, Umayyad, and Abbasid caliphates. Some parts of Arabian Peninsula, including Oman, were not always part of the caliphates. Rulers from the 900s to the 1200s included the Fatimid Caliphate, Seljuk Empire, and Ayyubid dynasty. Islam was divided into two forms called Sunni and Shi'a, who fought wars against each other. Yemen and Oman were ruled by different people at times, including the Rasulid dynasty in Yemen. +The Hashemite Sharifs of Mecca ruled the Hejaz (Western Arabian Peninsula) region starting in the 900s. The Mamluk Empire from Egypt had control over the Sharifs in the 1300s. In 1517, the Ottoman Empire from Turkey conquered the Mamluks. The Ottomans took control in the Hejaz, Yemen, and other parts of Arabian Peninsula. European countries wanted to control more of Arabian Peninsula, so they fought wars against the Ottomans. Europeans, mainly the Portuguese, won some cities on the coast in the 1500s and 1600s. Persians won control in Oman, and Oman also built its own empire. In the 1700s, a new form of Islam called Wahhabism spread to nomads. In the 1800s Wahhabis led by the House of al-Saud went to war against the Ottoman Empire. Britain helped the Wahhabis and gave them countries along the Persian Gulf. Britain also took part of Yemen into the British Empire. In World War I, the Allied Powers fought against the Ottomans. The Ottomans lost the war, so the Allied Powers broke up their empire into smaller countries. In 1932 Ibn Saud, from the House of al-Saud, founded the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. + += = = Mark Jensen (luger) = = = +Mark Jensen (12 October 1960 – 1 February 2021) was a Canadian luger. He competed in the men's singles event at the 1980 Winter Olympics. He was born in Toronto, Ontario. +Jensen died on 1 February 2021 in Toronto, aged 60. + += = = Rennie Davis = = = +Rennard Cordon Davis (May 23, 1940 – February 2, 2021) was an American anti-war activist. He became known in the 1960s when he was one of the Chicago Seven protestors charged for anti-war protests at the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago. He was a critic of the Vietnam War. +Davis died on February 2, 2021, at his home in Berthoud, Colorado from lymphoma, aged 80. + += = = Berthoud, Colorado = = = +The Town of Berthoud is a town in Larimer and Weld counties in the U.S. state of Colorado. At the 2020 United States Census, 10,332 people lived here. + += = = Peter Dunn (paediatrician) = = = +Peter MacNaughton Dunn, FRCP, FRCOG, FRCPCH (23 June 1929 – 2 February 2021) was an English paediatrician. Dunn was known for introducing into the UK the Gregory box in 1971, that gave Continuous positive airway pressure in the treatment of infant respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn. +Dunn was also notable for being known for founding the charity association British Association of Perinatal Medicine. + += = = Lilianne Ploumen = = = +Elisabeth Maria Josepha "Lilianne" Ploumen (born July 12, 1962, Maastricht) is a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA). She is involved in anti-poverty and abortion rights activities. +Ploumen studied history at Erasmus University Rotterdam, and worked at several relief and development organizations, among others as director of Cordaid. +She chaired the PvdA from 2007 to 2012, and was minister for Foreign Trade and Development Corporation in the Second Rutte cabinet (2012-2017, successor of Maxime Verhagen (only Development Cooperation), and predecessor of Sigrid Kaag). +From 2017 to 2022, she was an MP, and from 2021 to 2022, she was also parliamentary and party leader, in both cases succeeding Lodewijk Asscher. +Lilianne Ploumen is married and lives in Amsterdam. She belongs to the Catholic Church. + += = = Kentucky's 4th congressional district = = = +Kentucky's 4th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The district is in northern Kentucky. It is next to the Ohio River. The congressional district includes the counties Boone, Kenton, and Campbell and the towns Fort Mitchell, Covington, Florence, Newport, and Fort Thomas. A small part of Louisville is also in the district. The people who live in the district elect a representative to work for them in the United States House of Representatives. The district has been represented by Republican Thomas Massie since 2012. Massie won a special election in 2012 after Geoff Davis resigned. + += = = Meitei people = = = +The Meitei people, or Manipuri people, are the predominant ethnic group of the Indian state of Manipur. There are significant Meitei speaking population in Assam, Tripura, Myanmar and Bangladesh. +Regarding religious groups, there are Meitei Hindus, Sanamahists + += = = Khamlangba = = = +Khamlangba (), also spelt as Khamlangpa (), is a deity in Meitei mythology and religion of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). He is the God of iron, mining, metallurgy, steel manufacturing, hunting and war. His occupation is the extraction of the iron ores and the manufacture of steel. The "Khamlangba Thenlon" text mentions about his skills of iron metallurgy and blacksmith in ancient Kakching kingdom. +Description. +God Khamlangba is the miner of iron ores and the manufacturer of steel. He is worshipped for peace and prosperity in the kingdom. He is revered for protecting people from diseases and death. He drives away the evil spirits from the state. He belongs to the class of Sylvan Gods (Umang Lais). +The Kangjeirol text mentions that God Khamlangba was one of the divine polo players who played the divine polo match of the gods. +Mythology. +In the creation myth, God Khamlangba was grown out of Atiya Sidaba. He was a great hunter, warrior and miner. He lived with Goddess Huimu Leima and a son named Amudon was born to them. After this, Khamlangba left Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur) for Tripura () in search of iron ores. When he returned to Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur), he settled in Kakching. The people of Kakching worshipped Him. Later, "Kakching Haraoba", a new form of Lai Haraoba was developed. This account is evident in the "Khamlangba Khunggumlon" text. +In another legend, God Khamlangba stayed for some time at a place named "Khuman Heiyel Loubuk". Later, he came to Kheraching. A person named "Nganba Tekcha Pamba Laihat Thouba" beheaded "Irum Lai Tubi Kokling Lengba". So, the place where God Khamlangba stayed was later known as Kakching Khullen and Kakching Wairi. +God Khamlangba participated in the divine polo match played among the gods. The divine polo match took place during the reign of the deified Meetei King Nongda Lairen Pakhangba as described in the Kangjeirol text. He was one of the 7 polo players in the northern team. His team was led by God Marjing. On the other hand, his opponent's team (southern team) was led by God Thangjing. +Cults and shrines. +God Khamlangba holds a special position for the Kakching Haraoba. Kakching Haraoba is one of the four types of Lai Haraoba festival. +During the era of King Samuroiba Ningthou, the temple of Khamlangba was built in Kakching Khullen. The Naorem clan also built a temple of Khamlangba at Kakching Wairi. The temple of Khamlangba in Kakching Khullen was maintained by the Mayanglambam family while the one at Kakching Wairi was maintained by Naorem family. + += = = Bulbophyllum regnellii = = = +Bulbophyllum regnellii is a species of orchid in the genus "Bulbophyllum". + += = = Curio muirii = = = +Curio muirii is a succulent plant in the daisy family that is native to South Africa. Its particular native range is the Cape Province. +Description. +A small shrub that grows in shale cliffs, it features hairless leaves that are pale green with blue tones. The leaves are flat and circular-shaped. + += = = Wageningen University & Research = = = +Wageningen University & Research, shortened to WUR, is a public university in Wageningen, a town in the province of Gelderland, the Netherlands. +Wageningen University & Research was established in 1918 (its predecessor in 1876). +It has about 13,000 students. +Its focus is on biology and natural resources. + += = = Sekou Smith = = = +Sekou Kimathi Sinclair Smith (May 15, 1972 – January 26, 2021) was an American sportswriter who covered the National Basketball Association (NBA). +Early life. +Smith was a native of Grand Rapids, Michigan. He graduated from Jackson State University in 1997 with a bachelor's degree in communications. +Career. +Smith covered college football, basketball, and baseball for "The Clarion-Ledger" from 1994 until 2001, during his university studies and after. Smith was an NBA beat writer for four years each at "The Indianapolis Star" and "The Atlanta Journal-Constitution." He started working at Turner Broadcasting as a senior analyst for NBA Digital in November 2009. He also worked as the creator and author of Sekou Smith’s Hang Time Blog on NBA.com, a host of The Hang Time Podcast, and a Senior Analyst on NBA TV’s "The Beat". Smith was one of the small number of journalists inside the NBA's bubble at the Walt Disney World Resort in Orlando, Florida covering the 2020 playoffs and the NBA Finals. +Smith mentored many colleagues as a member of the National Association of Black Journalists. +Family. +Smith was married to his wife, Heather, with whom he had three children. +Death. +Smith died of COVID-19 at the age of 48 on January 26, 2021. + += = = Mike Evans (actor) = = = +Mike Evans (November 3, 1949 – December 14, 2006) was an American actor who is known for playing Lionel Jefferson on "All in the Family" and "The Jeffersons". Mike Evans stopped playing Lionel Jefferson after the first season of "The Jeffersons" but came back to play Lionel for seasons six, seven, and eight. Evans helped write the sitcom "Good Times". Evans died of throat cancer in 2006 at age 57. + += = = Nika Ninua = = = +Nika Ninua (; born 22 June 1999) is a Georgian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for PAOK B. + += = = Nyenrode Business University = = = +Nyenrode Business University (Dutch: "Nyenrode Business Universiteit"), shortened to NBU, is a private university in Breukelen, a town in the province of Utrecht, the Netherlands. It also has a location in Amsterdam. +Nyenrode Business University was established in 1946. +Its focus is on business. + += = = Aeolipile = = = +An aeolipile or Hero's Engine, is a simple kind of steam engine believed to have been invented by Hero of Alexandria in the 1st century AD. It may have been the first steam engine made. +Name. +Its name comes from the Greek word ������ and latin word pila, it means "The ball of Aeolus." Aeolus is the ancient Greek god of air and wind. +How it works. +A ball is free to rotate on a hinge, 2 or 4 L-shaped nozzles stick out of the ball, the ball is to be filled with water, and a source of heat (such as fire) is placed underneath the ball, as the water gets hot, it turns to steam that forces its way out of the nozzles, pushing the ball around, therefore, the aeolipile is a kind of reaction turbine, and the nozzles use a similar principle to rockets. +Usage. +No one really knows if the aeolipile was used for anything in ancient times. In modern times, they are used to teach physics and how steam engines work. + += = = Norbert Owona = = = +Norbert Owona (1951 – 3 February 2021) was a Cameroonian footballer. He played as a midfielder for the Cameroon national team until 1972. +Owona scored against Nigeria during the 1970 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign. +After his football career, he was homeless and had a hernia. +Owona was found dead on a street in Douala, on 3 February 2021. He was aged 70. + += = = Dag Jostein Fjærvoll = = = +Dag Jostein Fjærvoll (20 January 1947 – 5 February 2021) was a Norwegian politician. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Party. He was Minister of Defence from 1997 to 1999 and Minister of Transport and Communications from 1999 to 2000 in the Kjell Magne Bondevik cabinet. He was also a member of Storting from 1985 to 1997. Fjærvoll was born in Hadsel, Norway. +Fjærvoll died on 5 February 2021 in Oslo, aged 74. + += = = Imre Furmen = = = +Imre Furmen (14 August 1933 – 5 February 2021) was a Hungarian cyclist. He competed in two events at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He was born in Budapest, Hungary. +Furmen died on 5 February 2021 in Budapest, aged 87. + += = = Rob Kane = = = +Rob Kane (April 30, 1967 February 5, 2021) was an American politician. He was a Republican member of the Connecticut Senate, representing the 32nd district from 2009 to 2017. He was Connecticut state auditor from 2017 until his death in 2021. +Kane was found dead in his home in Watertown, Connecticut on February 5, 2021, at age 53. + += = = Watertown, Connecticut = = = +Watertown is a town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. 22,105 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Charlie Krueger = = = +Charles Andrew Krueger (January 28, 1937 – February 5, 2021) was an American professional football player. He was a defensive tackle for 15 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), all with the San Francisco 49ers. He was born in Caldwell, Texas. +Krueger died on February 5, 2021 in Clayton, California from heart and kidney failure at the age of 84. + += = = Clayton, California = = = +Clayton (formerly Clayton's and Claytonville) is a city in Contra Costa County, California, United States. As of the 2020 census, 11,070 people lived here. + += = = August 2020 Midwest derecho = = = +The August 2020 Midwest derecho was a strong derecho in the Midwestern United States–mostly Nebraska, Illinois, Iowa, Wisconsin and Indiana. Nebraska and Iowa were already having severe droughts at the time. The derecho caused large hail, heavy rain and tornadoes. +The greatest damage happened in northern Illinois and eastern Iowa. The strongest winds took place in Iowa. They were at 126 miles per hour. Many tornadoes hit northern Illinois. +Cedar Rapids, Iowa was severely damaged by the storm. +The derecho caused more than $11 billion in damage. + += = = Jake McCoy = = = +Thomas James "Jake" McCoy (January 2, 1942 – February 5, 2021) was an American Olympic ice hockey defenseman. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. McCoy played with Team USA at the 1964 Winter Olympics held in Innsbruck, Austria. He later played one year for the Minnesota Nationals in the United States Hockey League. +McCoy died on February 5, 2021 in Minneapolis, aged 79. + += = = John Pullin = = = +John Vivian Pullin (1 November 1941 – 5 February 2021) was an England international rugby union player. He played club rugby for Bristol Rugby and captained the England national rugby union team for which he played 42 times between 1966 and 1976. He also played for the British Lions. He was born in Aust, Gloucestershire. +Pullin died on 5 February 2021 in Bristol, England at the age of 79. + += = = Butch Reed = = = +Bruce Franklin Reed (July 11, 1954 – February 5, 2021) was an American professional wrestler and football player, better known by the ring name Butch Reed. He played college football at the University of Central Missouri. +He appeared in Mid-South Wrestling and tag team matches in the World Wrestling Federation and World Championship Wrestling. +On February 5, 2021, he died at the age of 66 from problems caused by two heart attacks. He tested positive for COVID-19 a month before his death. + += = = AWS (band) = = = +AWS (pronounced ah-vi-esh) is a Hungarian metal and post-hardcore band formed in 2006 by Bence Brucker, Dániel Kökényes and Áron Veress. +They represented Hungary at the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 in Lisbon, Portugal, with the song "Viszlát nyár". + += = = Atanas Skatov = = = +Atanas Georgiev Skatov (; born Atanas Georgiev Dimitrov; 11 March 1978 – 5 February 2021) was a Bulgarian mountaineer, vegan, agronomist in plant protection, entomologist, and ecologist. +On 24 May 2014 he became the first known vegan to ascend Everest. He tried to become the first known vegan to summit the 14 highest summits on Earth and successfully reached the top of 10 of them. +On 20 June 2017, Skatov ascended solo in alpine style Mount Denali in Alaska and became the first Bulgarian and the world's first vegan to climb successfully the Seven Summits. +He died on the way down from K2 after his unsuccessful ascent. + += = = Shen Zhonghou = = = +Shen Zhonghou (; 13 February 1928 – 5 February 2021) was a Chinese engineer. He was a professor and doctoral supervisor at China University of Petroleum (Beijing). He was an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) from 2001 until his death. He was known as "Father of Drilling Bit". Shen was born in Dazhu County, Sichuan. +Shen died on 5 February 2021 in Beijing, aged 92. + += = = R. C. Soles Jr. = = = +Robert Charles Soles Jr. (December 17, 1934 – February 5, 2021) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the North Carolina Senate, representing the 8th district from 1977 to 2011. Before, he was a member of the North Carolina House of Representatives from 1969 to 1976. Soles Jr. was born in Tabor City, North Carolina. +In 2009, multiple men accused Soles Jr. of sexual abuse. +Soles Jr. died on February 5, 2021 in Loris, South Carolina at the age of 86. + += = = Tabor City, North Carolina = = = +Tabor City, known as the "Yam Capital of the World", is a town in Columbus County, North Carolina, United States. 3,781 people lived here as of the 2020 census. + += = = Loris, South Carolina = = = +Loris is a city in Horry County, South Carolina, United States. 2,449 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Ángela Sureda = = = +Ángela Gerónima Sureda de Santo (7 July 1921 — 5 February 2021) was an Argentine teacher, lawyer and politician. She was a deputy of the Unión Cívica Radical for the national district from 1981 to 1983. Sureda was born in Río Gallegos, Argentina. +Sureda died on 5 February 2021 in Río Gallegos, aged 99. + += = = Ernie Tate = = = +Ernie Tate (1934 – 5 February 2021) was a Northern Ireland supporter of Trotskyist groups in Canada and the United Kingdom. He was a founder in the 1960s of the International Marxist Group and Vietnam Solidarity Campaign in Britain. He was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland. +Tate died from pancreatic cancer on 5 February 2021. + += = = National Parliament of Solomon Islands = = = +The National Parliament of Solomon Islands has 50 members, elected for a four-year term in 50 single-seat constituencies. +It is presided by a Speaker. The current speaker is Patterson Oti. + += = = Paul Tovua = = = +Sir Paul Joshua Tovua (1947 – 5 February 2021) was a Solomon Islander politician. In 1976. he was elected to the National Parliament of Solomon Islands. He also helped start the parliament. He was the Speaker of the National Parliament of Solomon Islands from 1994 to 2001. +He was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in the 2014 New Year Honours list, "for services to politics and to the community". +Tovua died on 5 February 2021, aged 73. + += = = Han Urbanus = = = +Johannes Hendrikus “Han” Urbanus (22 June 1927 – 5 February 2021) was a Dutch baseball player. Urbanus was born in Rotterdam. He played for OVVO in East Amsterdam, and became five times in a row Dutch champion. He played for 12 years for the Netherlands national baseball team. He was born in Rotterdam. +Urbanus died on 5 February 2021 in Rotterdam, aged 93. + += = = Vladimir Sergeyevich Vysotsky = = = +Vladimir Sergeyevich Vysotsky , "Volodymyr Serhiyovych Vysotsky"; (18 August 1954 – 5 February 2021) was a Russian admiral. He was Commander of the Russian Northern Fleet. On 12 September 2007, Vysotsky was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy. +Vysotsky died on 5 February 2021 in Moscow, aged 66. + += = = Alan Lerwill = = = +Alan Leslie Lerwill (15 November 1946 – 6 February 2021) was a British international long jumper. He competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics and in the 1972 Summer Olympics. He represented England and won a bronze medal in the 1970 British Commonwealth Games long jump, and gold medal in the 1974 British Commonwealth Games. +Lerwill died on 6 February 2021, aged 74. + += = = Monique Yvinou = = = +Monique Yvinou (10 June 1928 – 6 February 2021) was a French gymnast. She competed in the women's artistic team all-around at the 1948 Summer Olympics. +Yvinou died on 6 February 2021, aged 92. + += = = Ralph Backstrom = = = +Ralph Gerald Backstrom (September 18, 1937 – February 7, 2021) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre and later a coach and hockey executive. He played in the National Hockey League with the Montreal Canadiens, Los Angeles Kings, and Chicago Black Hawks between 1956 and 1973. +He also played in the World Hockey Association with the Chicago Cougars, Denver Spurs/Ottawa Civics, and New England Whalers from 1973 to 1977. +With the Canadiens, he won the Stanley Cup six times. +Backstrom died after a long illness on February 7, 2021, aged 83, in his Windsor, Colorado, home. + += = = Windsor, Colorado = = = +Windsor is a Home Rule Municipality in Larimer and Weld counties in the U.S. state of Colorado. In 2020, 32,716 people lived in Windsor. It is north of Denver. + += = = Cheng Rongshi = = = +Cheng Rongshi (; 18 October 1927 – 7 February 2021) was a Chinese physical chemist and academician. He was a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, being elected in 1991. +Cheng was born in Yixing, Jiangsu. +On 7 February 2021, he died of illness in Guangzhou, Guangdong, aged 93. + += = = Cathy Cochran = = = +Cathleen Cochran Herasimchuk, known as Cathy Cochran (November 11, 1944 – February 7, 2021), was an American lawyer and politician. She was judge of the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals. She was appointed to the court in 2001 by Governor Rick Perry and elected by Texas voters in 2002 and 2008. She did not seek re-election to the bench in 2014. Cochran was born in Los Angeles County, California. +She died on February 7, 2021 in Austin, Texas, aged 76. + += = = Pedro Gomez (journalist) = = = +Pedro Gomez (August 20, 1962 – February 7, 2021) was an American sports journalist. He worked as a reporter for ESPN from 2003 to 2021. He appeared on the "SportsCenter" show. He was primarily a baseball reporter. He was also a member of the Baseball Writers' Association of America. He covered 25 World Series and 22 Major League Baseball All-Star Games. +Gomez died at his home in Phoenix, Arizona on February 7, 2021, at age 58. + += = = Maxine Horner = = = +Maxine Edwyna Cissel Horner (January 17, 1933 – February 7, 2021) was an American politician. She was one of the first African American women to serve in the Oklahoma State Senate. She was a member of the state senate from 1986 to 2004. +Horner died on February 7, 2021, twenty one days after her 88th birthday. + += = = Jean Josselin = = = +Jean Josselin (6 January 1940 – 7 February 2021) was a French welterweight boxer. He competed at the 1960 Olympics and won a bronze medal at the 1961 European Amateur Boxing Championships. +Josselin died on 7 February 2021, aged 81, one month and one day after his birthday. + += = = Ricardo Silva Elizondo = = = +Ricardo Silva Elizondo (6 February 1954 – 7 February 2021) was a Mexican singer and actor. He was best known for his dubbing of American animated cartoons and Japanese anime into the Spanish language. +His works include the Spanish Latin American version of the Dragon Ball Z theme, "Cha-La Head-Cha-La", and the second opening of "Digimon". He also appeared in many telenovelas such as in "El premio mayor", "Amigas y rivales" and "Destilando amor". +Elizondo died aged 67 from COVID-19 in Mexico City during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico, one day after his 67th birthday. + += = = Tony Collins (footballer) = = = +Anthony Norman Collins (19 March 1926 – 8 February 2021) was an English football player, manager and scout. He played as a left winger. He managed Rochdale between 1960 and 1967. +Collins played professionally for Sheffield Wednesday, York City, Watford (in two spells), Norwich City, Torquay United and Crystal Palace. +Collins died on 8 February 2021, aged 94. + += = = The Unbearable Lightness of Being = = = +The Unbearable Lightness of Being () is a 1984 novel by Milan Kundera, about two women, two men, a dog and their lives in the 1968 Prague Spring period of Czechoslovak history. +The original Czech text was published the following year. + += = = George Hasay = = = +George C. Hasay (February 7, 1948 – February 8, 2021) was an American politician. He was a Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1973 to 2006. +Hasay died on February 8, 2021, after a brief illness in Ross Township, Pennsylvania, one day after his 73rd birthday. + += = = Nanticoke, Pennsylvania = = = +Nanticoke is a city in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, 10,628 people lived here. + += = = Ross Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania = = = +Ross Township is a township in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. 2,726 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Tao Okamoto = = = +, known professionally as Tao, is a Japanese actress and model. She appeared as Mariko Yashida in the 2013 movie "The Wolverine"; and played Mercy Graves in the 2016 movie "". + += = = Shlomo Hillel = = = +Shlomo Hillel (, 9 April 1923 – 8 February 2021) was an Iraqi-born Israeli politician. He was a member of the Knesset from 1952 to 1959, and 1969 to 1992) and Speaker of the Knesset from 1984 to 1988. He was also Minister of Police between 1969 and 1977 and Internal Affairs in 1977. Hillel was born in Baghdad, Iraq. Hillel was a member of the Alignment Party. +Hillel died on 8 February 2021 in Jerusalem, aged 97. + += = = Shūichirō Moriyama = = = + was a Japanese actor. His real name was . His best known roles were in "Shall We Dance?" (1996), "Salaryman Kintarō" (1999) and "Tsuribaka Nisshi Eleven" (2000). +Moriyama died on 8 February 2021 in Saitama Prefecture, Japan from pneumonia at the age of 86. + += = = Parliament of Lebanon = = = +The Parliament of Lebanon ( "Majlis an-Nuwwab"; ) is the national parliament of Lebanon. There are 128 members elected to a four-year term in multi-member constituencies. + += = = Jean Obeid = = = +Jean Obeid (8 May 19398 February 2021) was a Lebanese journalist and politician. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Emigrants from 2003 to 2004. Obeid served as a member of the parliament, representing Chouf from 1991 to 1992 and Tripoli from 1992 to 2005. +Obeid was a candidate for President of Lebanon in the 2014 Lebanese presidential election. +Obeid died on 8 February 2021 in Tripoli, Lebanon from COVID-19 at the age of 81. + += = = Metromedia Square = = = +Metromedia Square was a radio and television studio that was in Sunset Boulevard, Hollywood. The studio was known for having a statue of a white snake that was made out of ladders on the roof. The famous 1970s sitcom, "All in the Family" was made at Metromedia Square from 1975 to 1979. + += = = Cameron ministry = = = +The Cameron ministry was the Government of the United Kingdom from May 2010 to July 2016 under David Cameron. The first term of the administration was the UK’s first coalition government since World War II, it included both Conservative and Liberal Democrats ministers. The administration's second term of the was a majority Conservative government. +History. +The 2010 general election resulted in a Hung parliament, meaning no political party had a majority in the House of Commons. The Lib Dems negotiated separately with the Conservative and Labour parties to see if they could form a coalition government. +After five days negotiation, the Conservatives and Lib Dems agreed to form a coalition government. Gordon Brown travelled to Buckingham Palace and tendered his resignation as Prime Minister to The Queen. David Cameron was appointed in Brown’s place and invited to form a new government. Nick Clegg became Deputy Prime Minister. +After the 2015 general election, Cameron formed a majority government. The government stayed in office until David Cameron resigned as Prime Minister on 13 July 2016 shortly after losing the EU referendum. +Majority government: 2015–16. +Changes. +Andy==References== + += = = Tandem Productions = = = +Tandem Productions was an American movie and television production company. It was created by Norman Lear and Bud Yorkin in 1958. Tandem Productions has made movies like "Never Too Late" and television shows like "All in the Family". + += = = Windows Mobile 2003 = = = +Windows Mobile 2003 is a third released for Windows Mobile was released for pubilc on June 23, 2003, at the CEO 2003 on 2003. Windows Mobile 2003 was another news codenamed is "Ozone" was history of pubilc on January 2002. Windows Mobile 2003 was introduction based for Pocket PC 2002, they run on Windows CE. +Development history. +In February 2000, Microsoft has reach the news codenamed is "Ozone" for Windows Mobile 2003, has been starting history of January 2002, in June 29, 2000. Pocket PC 2000 can running for codenamed "Ozone" in Windows Mobile 2003 Beta, in December 2000, Microsoft notification for Windows Mobile 2003 has been mistake, released on June 23, 2003 in for pubilc, in September 20, 2001, Microsoft reach renamed is "Windows Mobile XP" on the officially people can be use this names, Windows Mobile 2003 can starting the Pre-RTM version until December 2001, and RTM version on June 2003 after released. +Developer Preview. +Developer Preview can be released on June 2001, for Windows Mobile 2003, in officially released for Windows Mobile 2003 Beta, use for introduction Windows XP Mobile in all world, can starting mistaken on Bill Gates on January 2001, at the MSN 2001, Developer released can reach for news Windows XP start button officially. +RTM version. +Windows Mobile 2003 RTM can be released on June 23, 2003, from the officially RTM for Windows Mobile 2003, starting on Steve Ballmer mistaken on June 18, 2003, has been no features for Windows Mobile 2003 Beta, in June 18, 2009, Microsoft has no support from Security Update 1 for Windows Mobile 2003, must be upgraded to Windows Mobile 6.5 from the officially. +Features & user interface. +Features of Windows Mobile 2003 can be use for another people in user interface, the news Start button look like Windows XP, the Taskbar can be deleted for Windows Mobile 2003, Contacts app inside for Start button, from Contacts in connecting people for the world in Windows Mobile 2003, Windows Mobile 2003 SE is user interface for the Classic themes, and Luna themes are look like the Windows XP. +Hardware. +The Windows Mobile 2003 can be use for SPV, LG, HTC and Vodafone, has been downloaded for 256MB of RAM in LG, 512MB of Vodafone, 100MB of HTC and SPV, in another Windows Mobile 2003 Phone, the officially reach released for Vodafone 2 from officially in Microsoft. +Windows Mobile 2003 SE. +Windows Mobile 2003 SE (another names is Windows Mobile 2003SE, Windows Mobile 2003 Second Edition) is an edition for Windows Mobile 2003, product names is SE has been released on June 23, 2003. In workgroup people can be use for Second Edition, has been normal names is Windows Mobile 2003 can be based for Pocket PC 2002, in Windows CE for XP Mobile. + += = = Loyalakpa = = = +Loyalakpa (), also spelt as Loyarakpa (), is a God of youth, foothills and countryside in Meitei mythology and religion of Ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). He is best known for wrestling with Khoriphaba during the Lai Haraoba festival. He is the husband of goddess Thoudu Nungthel Leima. He is the son of Marjing, but later was adopted by Koupalu and Kounu as their own son. He is one of the ten kingly gods (or ten divine kings) mentioned in the Numit Kappa, an ancient epic text of Meitei religion. +Names. +He was originally called as Tolongkhomba, a name given by his parents. Tolongkhomba is also spelled as Tollongkhomba, Tolonkhomba, Tollonkhomba, Tolomkhomba and Tollomkhomba. He holds the responsibility for leading and overseeing the youths. So, he is also called Nahalakpa (or Naharakpa). Later, Koupalu, his foster father (also his father in law after marrying Nungthen Leima) assigned him the duty to protect countryside and foothills. Thus, he was called Loiyalakpa. Loiyalakpa is also spelled as Loyalakpa, Loiyarakpa, Loyarakpa. +He holds the duty to guard the western direction of Ancient Kangleipak. So, he is also called Thongnang Ningthou. +Description. +Among the deities, God Loyalakpa and God Khoriphaba possess the epithets of being the best wrestlers. The two powerful gods wrestled during the Lai Haraoba festival. +Mythology. +When the divine polo match was played among the gods, Loyalakpa participated in the southern team. His team was led by God Thangjing while his opponent's team (northern team) was led by God Marjing. +Cults and shrines. +The main deities assembled in the Lai Haraoba of the Phayeng are almost similar to those of the Sekmai. God Loyalakpa is one of these deities. +God Loyalakpa and other deities including Panam Ningthou, Pureiromba and Koubru hold the special position of the Chakpa Haraoba (one of the 4 types of Lai Haraoba festival). +Namesakes. +Mountain peak. +Loyalakpa is one of the four sacred mountain peaks of the Meitei people. The others are Koupalu, Kounu and Thangjing. These names of the peaks are named after the respective presiding gods. + += = = Khuman Kangleirol = = = +"Khuman Kangleirol" (), also spelt as "Khuman Kangleiron" (), is a chronicle (puya) of the Khuman dynasty. It is one of the most significant historical documents of Kangleipak (Manipur). It was produced during the reign of Chit Sai (1748 AD-1752 AD). It gives the information on the genealogy of the rulers of the Khuman dynasty. +The Khuman principality was once more prosperous than the Ningthouja principality. But, by the 12th century AD, the Khuman principality gradually declined. By the reign of Meitei king Kongyamba (1324 AD-1335 AD) in the early 14th century AD, the Khuman principality was merged into that of the Ningthouja principality. + += = = 501.V2 variant = = = +The 501Y.V2 variant, also known as South African COVID-19 variant, is a variant of the SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. It is one of several SARS-CoV-2 variants. It was first detected in the Nelson Mandela Bay metropolitan area of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. +On 23 December 2020, the United Kingdom health minister Matt Hancock said that two people who had travelled from South Africa to the United Kingdom were infected with the 501.V2. On 28 December, the variant was detected in two people in Switzerland and one in Finland. +The United States reported its first cases of the variant in the U.S. state of South Carolina. + += = = Djenné = = = +Djenné is a city in Mali. About 33,000 people lived there in 2009. The city lies on an island, and is known for the Great Mosque of Djenné. People have lived there since about the year 800 CE.It is a Songhai town and urban commune in the Inland Niger Delta region of central Mali, The commune includes ten of the surrounding villages and in 2009 had a population of 32,944. The history of Djenné is closely linked with that of Timbuktu. Between the 15th and 17th centuries much of the trans-Saharan trade in goods such as salt, gold, and slaves that moved in and out of Timbuktu passed through Djenné. + += = = Anthony Sowell = = = +Anthony Edward Sowell (August 19, 1959 – February 8, 2021) was an American serial killer and rapist. He was known as the Cleveland Strangler. He was arrested in October 2009 after the bodies of eleven women were discovered by police at his home, 12205 Imperial Avenue, in the Mount Pleasant neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. +He was imprisoned at the Chillicothe Correctional Institution. On January 21, 2021, he began receiving end-of-life care at the Franklin Medical Center for a terminal illness. He died on February 8, in Columbus, Ohio. + += = = Melanie Martinez = = = +Melanie Adele Martinez (born April 28, 1995) is an American singer-songwriter, actress, director, screenwriter and visual artist. She became famous in 2012 after appearing on "The Voice", a musical television show. After the show, she released her first song "Dollhouse". It was followed by her first extended play of the same name. +Martinez' first studio album, "Cry Baby", was released in August 2015. It went star platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. Her songs "Dollhouse" and "Pity Party" were certified platinum by the RIAA. +Other songs like "Sippy Cup", "Cry Baby" and "Mrs. Potato Head" were certified gold by the RIAA. +Martinez was born in Astoria, Queens, New York City. She is of Dominican and Puerto Rican ancestry. +Discography. +Albums + += = = Michał Szewczyk (actor) = = = +Michał Szewczyk (29 July 1934 – 8 February 2021) was a Polish actor. He acted at the and the . He was born in Łódź, Poland. He was best known for his roles in "Eroica", "The Two Who Stole the Moon" and "The Young Magician". +Szewczyk died on 8 February 2021 in Łódź, Poland at the age of 86. + += = = Els Vader = = = +Elisabeth Cornelia "Els" Vader (married Scharn) (24 September 1959 – 8 February 2021) was a Dutch track and field sprinter. She competed at the 1980, 1984 and 1988 Summer Olympics in the 100 m, 200 m and 4 × 100 m relay (in 1988 only), but failed to reach the finals in any event. +Vader died from thyroid cancer on 8 February 2021, aged 61. + += = = Beatriz Yamamoto Cázarez = = = +Beatriz Eugenia Yamamoto Cázarez (22 September 1957 – 8 February 2021) was a Mexican politician. She was a member of the PAN. She was Deputy representing Guanajuato from 2012 until his death. +Yamamoto Cázarez died of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico on 8 February 2021, aged 63. + += = = Valeria Gagealov = = = +Valeria Gagealov (9 December 1931 – 9 February 2021) was a Romanian actress. She was born in Galați, Romania. She was known for her roles in "La Moara cu noroc" (1955), "Columna" (1968), "Mihai Viteazul" (1971) and "Mihail, câine de circ" (1979). +Gagealov died in Bucharest from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania at the age of 89. + += = = Ivan Izquierdo = = = +Ivan Antonio Izquierdo (16 September 1937 – 9 February 2021) was an Argentine-Brazilian scientist. +Izquierdo taught at National University of Cordoba (UNC), in Argentina. For more than 20 years, he worked in the "Center of Memory" of the Biochemistry Department of the Health Basic Sciences Institute (ICBS) at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). +He died of pneumonia on 9 February 2021 at the age of 83. + += = = Rajiv Kapoor = = = +Rajiv Kapoor (25 August 1962 – 9 February 2021) was an Indian actor, producer and director. +His older brothers were Randhir Kapoor and the late Rishi Kapoor. +Death. +Kapoor died from a heart attack in Mumbai on 9 February 2021, at the age of 58. + += = = José Maranhão = = = +José Targino Maranhão (6 September 1933 – 9 February 2021) was a Brazilian politician and businessman. He was born in Araruna, Paraíba. He was Governor of Paraíba from 2009 until 2011. He also was a member of the Brazilian Senate from 2015 until 2021. Maranhão was a member of the Brazilian Democratic Movement. +Maranhão died on 9 February 2021 in São Paulo from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, aged 87. + += = = Franco Marini = = = +Franco Marini (9 April 1933 – 9 February 2021) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. From 2006 to 2008. he was the president of the Italian Senate. From 1992 until 2013, he was a member of the Italian Parliament. He was born in St. Pio of the Chambers, Italy. From 1991 to 1992, he was the Minister of Labour. +Marini died on 9 February 2021 in Rome from COVID-19, aged 87. + += = = Klaus Bühler = = = +Klaus Bühler (16 January 1941 – 3 February 2021) was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He was member of the German Bundestag from 1976 to 2002. He was born in Bad Sachsa, West Germany. +Bühler died on 3 February 2021, aged 80. + += = = Gilles Fauconnier = = = +Gilles Fauconnier () (19 August 1944 – 3 February 2021) was a French linguist, researcher in cognitive science, and author. He worked in the U.S. He was distinguished professor at the University of California, San Diego, in the Department of Cognitive Science. + += = = Stanisław Wołodko = = = +Stanisław Wołodko (20 March 1950 – 4 February 2021) was a Polish athlete. He competed in the men's discus throw at the 1976 Summer Olympics. He was born in Vilnius, Lithuania. +Wołodko died on 4 February 2021 in Warsaw, aged 70. + += = = Thomas Rutherford Brett = = = +Thomas Rutherford Brett (October 2, 1931 – February 6, 2021) was an American politician and lawyer. He was a United States District Judge of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma from 1979 until 2003, after being nominated by President Jimmy Carter. Brett was born in Oklahoma City. +Brett died on February 6, 2021 in Tulsa, Oklahoma at the age of 89. + += = = Andrew Fraser, Baron Fraser of Corriegarth = = = +Alexander Andrew Macdonell Fraser, Baron Fraser of Corriegarth (2 December 1946 – 6 February 2021) was a treasurer of the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. He was a member of the House of Lords. He was described variously as a "stockbroker" or an "investment banker". +He died on 6 February 2021, from a brain tumour, at the age of 74. + += = = Louise Elisabeth Coldenhoff = = = +Louise Elisabeth Coldenhoff (22 March 1935 – 7 February 2021) was an Indonesian Navy colonel. She was one of the first 12 members of the Navy Women's Corps. She later was head of the Jakarta Regional Office of the Ministry of Education and Culture under Governor Soeprapto from 1983 to 1987. +Coldenhoff died at a Central Jakarta hospital on 7 February 2021, aged 85. + += = = René Victor Pilhes = = = +René Victor Pilhes (1 July 1934 – 7 February 2021) was a French writer and publicist. He was known for his works "" (Novel 1974), "La Rhubarbe" (1965), "Le Loum" (1969), "La Pompéi" (1985), "Les Démons de la cour de Rohan" (1987), and "La position de Philidor" (1992). Pilhes was born in Paris. +Pilhes died on 7 February 2021 in Paris, aged 86. + += = = Adam Kopczyński = = = +Adam Jakub Kopczyński (2 August 1948 – 8 February 2021) was a Polish ice hockey player. He played for Cracovia and ŁKS Łódź. +He also played for the Polish national team at the 1972 Winter Olympics. +He died from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland, aged 72. + += = = Yisa Sofoluwe = = = +Yisa Sofoluwe (28 December 1967 – 9 February 2021) was a Nigerian professional footballer. He played as a defender. He won 40 caps and scored one goal for his country. +Sofoluwe died of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria on 9 February 2021, at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). He was aged 53 years. + += = = Billy Conigliaro = = = +William Michael Conigliaro (August 15, 1947 – February 10, 2021) was an American professional baseball outfielder. He played Major League Baseball for the Boston Red Sox (1969–1971), Milwaukee Brewers (1972) and Oakland Athletics (1973). +He was the younger brother of Tony Conigliaro; Billy and Tony were Red Sox teammates in 1969 and 1970. +Conigliaro died on February 10, 2021 at the age of 73. + += = = Stewart Greenleaf = = = +Stewart John Greenleaf Sr. (October 4, 1939 – February 10, 2021) was an American Republican politician and attorney. He was a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate from 1979 to 2019. He also was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1977 to 1978. Greenleaf was born in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. +Greenleaf died on February 10, 2021 at age 81. + += = = Ebbe Kops = = = +Ebbe Kops (5 February 1930 – 10 February 2021) was a Danish boxer. He competed in the men's light middleweight event at the 1952 Summer Olympics. +Kops died on 10 February 2021, aged 91. + += = = Pachín = = = +Enrique Pérez Díaz (28 December 1938 – 10 February 2021), known as Pachín, was a Spanish footballer who played as a defender. +Pachín signed for Real Madrid in 1959 from Segunda División club CA Osasuna. He made his La Liga debut on 11 September 1960. +Pachín won eight caps for the Spain national team, during three years. +Pachín died on 10 February 2021, aged 82. + += = = Olivia Rodrigo = = = +Olivia Isabel Rodrigo (born February 20, 2003) is an American singer-songwriter and actress. She first became well known for her roles on the Disney television shows "Bizaardvark" (2016–2019) and "" (2019–2022). +Rodrigo signed with Geffen Records in 2020. She then released her first song "Drivers License" in 2021 which made Rodrigo popular. Her first studio album "Sour" was released that same year, and won her three Grammy Awards. A Disney+ documentary, "" was released in 2022. In 2023, Rodrigo released her second studio album, "Guts", which was popular and had good reviews from critics. +Rodrigo has achieved three "Billboard" Hot 100 number-one songs and two "Billboard" 200 number-one albums. Her other awards include an American Music Award, seven "Billboard" Music Awards, and three MTV Video Music Awards. "Time" named her the 2021 Entertainer of the Year and "Billboard" named her Woman of the Year in 2022. +Her music has been seen as "emotional" power ballads with her music focused in ending relationships, mental health, and sadness. Her music has been popular with critics, journalists and her fans. "Slate" called her "Gen-Z's most [talented] new artist". Several other media sources have called her Gen Z's best artists and the musical voice of this generation. +Rodrigo also focuses on fundraisers for women's education and health. She also gives out money to charities that help find cures for rare diseases, support abortion and education programs. +Early life. +Olivia Isabel Rodrigo was born on February 20, 2003 in Murrieta, California. Her parents are Jennifer, a school teacher, and Chris, a family therapist. She is an only child. She grew up in Temecula, California. +Rodrigo was born half-deaf in her left ear. Rodrigo is Filipino American. However, her mother has German and Irish ancestry. She said that her paternal great-grandfather emigrated from the Philippines to the United States as a teenager. She grew up listening to her parents' favorite alternative rock music, such as the bands No Doubt, Pearl Jam, the White Stripes, and Green Day. +Rodrigo went to Lisa J. Mails Elementary School in Murrieta. She was part of a musical theater group after her classes ended. She later went to Dorothy McElhinney Middle School in Murrieta for a year, until moving to Los Angeles. She moved there after her television career began in 2016. She was homeschooled from then until her graduation in 2021. +Early career. +At age five, her parents signed her up for singing lessons with Jennifer Dustman. She would sign-up Rodrigo in many local singing competitions. Dustman told Rodrigo's parents to put her in acting lessons. She began taking piano lessons at age 9. Rodrigo first became interested in songwriting after listening to country music songs by Taylor Swift, and was playing guitar by age 12. +As a child, she first appeared in an Old Navy commercial. +In 2015, at age twelve, Rodrigo had her first acting role. She played Grace Thomas in direct-to-video movie "". She was casted in Disney Channel's "Bizaardvark" in 2016. She played Paige Olvera, a guitarist, on the show. She played the role for three seasons. In 2017, she appeared in an episode of "New Girl". +In February 2019, she was cast in the starring role of Nini Salazar-Roberts on the Disney+ series "", which premiered in November of that year. Many critics and fans liked her role and acting. For the series, Rodrigo wrote and sang "All I Want", which was released in November 2019. She left the show at the end of its third season to focus on her music career. In 2020, she was a musical guest for "The Disney Family Singalong". +Musical career. +"Sour". +Rodrigo signed with Geffen Records in 2020. She wanted a record deal to give herself ownership of the masters of her music. On January 8, 2021, she released her first song, "Drivers License", which she co-wrote with producer Dan Nigro. A week of its release, "Drivers License" was became popular, and broke Spotify's record twice. One for most daily streams ever for a non-holiday song with over 15.7 million global streams on January 11 and over 17 million global streams the next day. It went on to break another Spotify record for the first song in history to hit 80 million streams in seven days. The song came out at number one on "Billboard" Hot 100, and reached number-one in many countries. Rodrigo said that "It's been the absolute craziest week of my life ... My entire life just, like, [changed] in an instant." +On April 1, 2021, Rodrigo released another song, "Deja Vu". It came out at number eight on the "Billboard" Hot 100. This made her the first artist to have their first two releases in the top 10 of the Hot 100. Her third song, "Good 4 U", came out on May 14, 2021. It became her second song to reach number one on the Hot 100. "Sour", her first studio album, was released on May 21, 2021. It had good reviews. In a review by "Slate", it said that the album's first three songs helped create Rodrigo's "early status as Gen-Z's most [talented] new artist". According to "Clash", Rodrigo is seen as one of Generation Z's best artists. "Variety" called her "the voice of her generation" in its cover story of Rodrigo. "Sour" came out at number one on the "Billboard" 200 chart and spent a total of five weeks at the spot, becoming the longest lasting number-one album by a female artist in 2021. +In June 2021, Rodrigo released "Sour Prom", a prom-themed concert movie on YouTube. Three days later, "Time" named her Entertainer of the Year. In an Instagram post on December 24, 2021, Rodrigo uploaded a short video of a Christmas song called "The Bels" that she wrote and recorded at age five. By the end of the year, "Billboard" said that Rodrigo ended the year with the most songs sold. She had eight songs on the year-end Global 200 chart, including "Drivers License" at number four, "Good 4 U" at number nine, and "Deja Vu" at number 27. In the United States and United Kingdom, "Sour" was the third and fourth bestselling album of 2021. "Sour" and "Drivers License" were also Spotify's most streamed album and song globally. To support "Sour", Rodrigo began her first tour, the Sour Tour, which ran from April to July 2022. +Disney+ released a documentary movie about Rodrigo titled "". It is about the making of "Sour". It was released on March 25, 2022. Rodrigo was nominated seven times at the 64th Grammy Awards, including Best New Artist, Album of the Year for "Sour", and Record of the Year and Song of the Year for "Drivers License". She won the awards for Best New Artist, Best Pop Vocal Album for "Sour", and Best Pop Solo Performance for "Drivers License". In 2022, while creating her next album "Guts", Rodrigo went to a poetry class at University of Southern California. She ended up reusing one of her homework assignments into the song "Lacy". +"Guts". +On August 16 2023, Rodrigo became the youngest artist to receive the BRIT Billion Award for having over one billion digital streams in the United Kingdom. She was the 19th artist to receive a BRIT Billion Award. Rodrigo's second album, "Guts" was released on September 8, 2023, and was at the top the "Billboard" 200. She said that the album was about growing up and learning about herself. Writing the album, Rodrigo said she felt as if she had grown "ten years" between the ages of 18 and 20. "Guts" was very popular with the critics with BBC News calling it the most critically popular album of 2023. The album's main song, "Vampire", was released on June 30. It became Rodrigo's third song to reach the top of the "Billboard" Hot 100. This made her the first artist ever to have the lead songs from two career-opening albums at No. 1 on the Hot 100. The album's second song, "Bad Idea Right?", was released on August 11, 2023. It reached the top 10 in the United States and United Kingdom. +On October 9, 2023 Rodrigo sang songs from "Guts" in an special concert for American Express in Los Angeles. All the money made from ticket sales went to her Fund 4 Good nonprofit organization. She released an EP titled "Guts: The Secret Tracks" and it became one of the top sellers during Record Store Day. On November 3, Rodrigo released the song "Can't Catch Me Now" for "". That same year, she was a musical guest for "Saturday Night Live" for a second time. She was a musical guest before in 2021. +To support "Guts", Rodrigo began her second tour, the Guts World Tour, which will run from February to August 2024 in North America, United Kingdom and Europe. On March 20, 2024, Rodrigo announced that she would release a 'deluxe version' of "Guts" with five new songs at her tour stop in Chicago. She released "Guts (Spilled)" and the song "Obsessed" on March 22, 2024. +Style and inspirations. +Rodrigo named Taylor Swift and Lorde as her main musical inspirations. She called herself Swift's biggest fan "in the whole world". Rodrigo later went on to give musical credits to Swift on her song "1 Step Forward, 3 Steps Back" and "Deja Vu". In 2022, she called The White Stripes band member Jack White her "hero of all heroes". She also said she was inspired by Alanis Morissette, Kacey Musgraves, Fiona Apple, St. Vincent, Cardi B, Gwen Stefani, Avril Lavigne, and Lana Del Rey. +Rodrigo's musical voice is soprano. Media sources and journalists have called her a pop artist. Her songs have been seen as pop rock, teen pop, and indie pop styles, as well as 1990s alternative rock. Rodrigo said that she wants to be a songwriter and not "the biggest pop star that ever lived". Her music has also been seen as "emotional" power ballads with her music focused in ending relationships, mental health, and sadness. +Activism and philanthropy. +From 2017 to 2018, Rodrigo and her "Bizaardvark" co-star Madison Hu worked together on Instagram to have their fans spread kindness to fight against cyberbullying. Rodrigo and Hu worked together again with the non-profit organization "My Friend's Place" to help homeless youth find shelter, food, work, education, and healthcare. The event raised over $740,000 for local homeless youth. She also supported awareness for women studying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. +In February 2021, Rodrigo sold merchandise called "Spicy Pisces T-shirts", on her website, with all money going to organizations that supports young girls' education and scholarships. In June 2021, she sold her clothes, wardrobe and all items from her music videos with all money going to charitable organization. Rodrigo donated a part of her Sour Tour ticket sales to an organization that supports female survivors of war by helping them rebuild their lives after war devastation. +On July 13, 2021, Rodrigo helped the Joe Biden administration to promote COVID-19 vaccinations among young people in the United States. She met with President Biden, Vice President Kamala Harris, and Anthony Fauci, to talk about her efforts. CNN said that Rodrigo would record videos about the importance of young people getting vaccinated. +After the U.S. Surpeme Court removed the abortion protections of "Roe v. Wade", Rodrigo sang "Fuck You", with British singer Lily Allen, at Glastonbury Festival. She sang the song for the associate justices who voted to remove abortion access. +On November 20, 2022, Rodrigo worked with Billie Eilish, John Legend, Tom Holland to raise money to find a cure for epidermolysis bullosa and other rare diseases. In December 2022, Rodrigo, along with Chris Stapleton and Selena Gomez, donated their personal items to support musical education and talent programs in the United States. In January 2023, Rodrigo helped donate her personal items to the MusiCares Foundation Charity Relief Auction to help musicians who are not making money with their financial needs. +Rodrigo created a charity fund called Fund 4 Good to support reproductive healthcare of women, in October 2023. Part of the money raised during her Guts World Tour will go to the fund, and support the National Network of Abortion Funds. Condoms and Plan B pills were given out at Rodrigo's St. Louis concert on March 12, 2024, where abortion is illegal under state law. +Awards and honors. +Rodrigo won many awards during her career, including three Grammy Awards, seven "Billboard" Music Awards, four MTV Video Music Awards, four iHeartRadio Music Awards, and a Juno Award. She was also nominated for two People's Choice Awards, an American Music Award, and a Brit Award. +Rodrigo was added on the 2021 edition of "Time" magazine's 100 Next list, and was named "Time"s Entertainer of the Year for 2021. "Billboard" also honored her with their Woman of the Year in 2022. The magazine included her on its yearly 21 Under 21 list in 2021 and 2022. +Rodrigo was named to lists such as the Bloomberg 50, and "Forbes" 30 Under 30 in the music category. She has also was given "Songwriter of the Year" honors by "Variety" in 2021. + += = = Michael O'Keefe (Louisiana politician) = = = +Michael Hanley O'Keefe Sr. (December 1, 1931 – January 31, 2021) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Louisiana State Senate for Orleans Parish from 1960 to 1983. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He was a member of the Democratic Party. +O'Keefe died of melanoma on January 31, 2021, in Lakeview, Louisiana at age 89. + += = = Jacksonville, Texas = = = +Jacksonville is a city located in Cherokee County, Texas, United States. 13,997 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Ida Keeling = = = +Ida Keeling (May 15, 1915 – August 28, 2021) was an American centenarian track and field athlete. Keeling held Masters records in 60 meter and 100 meter distances for women in the 95-99 and 100-plus age groups. +Her story was featured in a segment in the Carl Reiner-hosted documentary "If You're Not in the Obit, Eat Breakfast", on aging over 90. +In 2015, Keeling turned 100. She died on August 28, 2021 in New York City at the age of 106. + += = = Jerry M. Patterson = = = +Jerry Mumford Patterson (born October 25, 1934) is an American lawyer and Democratic politician. He was born in El Paso, Texas. From 1973 until 2015, he was Mayor of Santa Ana, California. From 1975 until 1985, Patterson was a member of the United States House of Representatives from California's 38th congressional district. + += = = Nick Smith (American politician) = = = +Nicholas H. Smith (born November 5, 1934) is an American politician. He was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1993 until 2005, representing from the 7th District of Michigan. + += = = Addison, Michigan = = = +Addison is a village in Lenawee County of the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 573 at the 2020 census. + += = = Adrian, Michigan = = = +Adrian is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan and the county seat of Lenawee County. The population was 20,645 at the 2020 census. + += = = Stephen L. Neal = = = +Stephen Lybrook "Steve" Neal (born November 7, 1934) is an American North Carolina Democratic politician. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1975 to 1995 representing North Carolina's 5th congressional district +He chose not to seek re-election in 1994, and his seat was won that November by his 1992 opponent, future Senator Richard Burr. + += = = Kenneth Lamar Holland = = = +Kenneth Lamar (Ken) Holland (November 24, 1934 – February 27, 2021) was a Democratic politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from South Carolina from 1975 to 1983. He represented South Carolina's 5th congressional district. +He unsuccessfully ran for Governor of South Carolina in 2006. +Holland died on February 27, 2021 in Richmond, Virginia from problems caused by Alzheimer's disease and diabetes at the age of 86. + += = = Ronald A. Sarasin = = = +Ronald Arthur Sarasin (December 31, 1934 – March 27, 2023) was an American politician. He served two terms in the Connecticut House of Representatives and three terms as a U.S. Representative from 1973 to 1979. He represented Connecticut's 5th congressional district. +In 1978, he was the Republican nominee for Governor of Connecticut. He lost the election to Ella Grasso, the first woman to be elected governor. +Sarasin died on March 27, 2023, at the age of 88. + += = = Beacon Falls, Connecticut = = = +Beacon Falls is a town in western New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 6,000 at the 2020 census. + += = = John James (footballer, born 1948) = = = +John Brian James (24 October 1948 – February 2021) was an English footballer. He played as a striker. +He played in the English Football League for Port Vale, Chester and Tranmere Rovers, making 381 appearances in the process, and also played in the North American Soccer League for the Chicago Sting. +James was born in Stone, Staffordshire. He died on 11 February 2021, aged 78. +Honours. +Port Vale +Chester +Tranmere Rovers + += = = Dave Grusin = = = +Robert David Grusin (born June 26, 1934) is an American composer, arranger, producer, and pianist. He has won an Academy Award and ten Grammy Awards. He is the co-founder of GRP Records. He won an Oscar for his score of "The Milagro Beanfield War" (1988). +Influences. +Grusin's influences include Jerry Goldsmith, Elmer Bernstein, Henry Mancini, Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, Herbie Mann, Nat King Cole, Herb Alpert, Bill Evans, Erroll Garner and Buddy Baker. + += = = Evan Ryan = = = +Evan Maureen Ryan (born 1971) is an American public servant. She is the White House Cabinet Secretary in the Joe Biden administration since January 20, 2021. She was Assistant Secretary of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) in the Obama Administration (2013–2017) and was assistant for intergovernmental affairs and public liaison for then-Vice President Joe Biden. +In 2002, she married Antony Blinken who is President Biden's Secretary of State. + += = = Khumanlol = = = +Khumanlol (), also spelt as Khumanlon (), is a chronicle (puya) of the genealogy of the rulers of the Khuman dynasty, which flourished as an independent principality in the south of Ancient Manipur, and later absorbed into the Meitei ethnicity in the fourteenth century AD. +It is categorized as one of the historical documents of the ethnic groups settling in Manipur since seventh century AD. + += = = Secretary of State for Northern Ireland = = = +The secretary of state for Northern Ireland (; ), also called the Northern Ireland secretary or SoSNI, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom. They are in charge of the Northern Ireland Office. The Secretary is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom. They are 17th in the ministerial ranking. +The works with the other Northern Ireland Office ministers. The shadow minister is the Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland. +History. +Historically, the main ministers for Irish (and Northern Ireland) affairs in the UK Government were: +Scotland and Wales have had the Secretary of State for Scotland (1885) and Secretary of State for Wales (1964) for a long time but Northern Ireland did not have a Secretary. This was caused by the Government of Northern Ireland and Parliament of Northern Ireland. The office of Secretary of State for Northern Ireland was created after the Northern Ireland government (at Stormont) was suspended. The government was later ended after civil problems. The British government was worried that the Parliament of Northern Ireland was losing control of the situation. On 30 March 1972, the country was put under the direct rule of the british Parliamen. The Secretary of State replced three jobs from the previous government. These were: +Direct rule was expected to last for only a short time. Sharing the pwer was preferred as the solution. It has been renewed by a vote in Parliament each year. The Sunningdale Agreement in 1973 created the Northern Ireland Executive from 1 January 1974. It was ended by the Ulster Workers' Council strike on 28 May 1974. The Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention (1975–1976) and Northern Ireland Assembly (1982–1986) could not restore the government. Following the Belfast Agreement (also known as the Good Friday Agreement) on 10 April 1998 removed many of the duties of the Secretary of State and the Northern Ireland Office. +Many of the powers of the Secretary have been given to the Northern Ireland Assembly and Northern Ireland Executive. The secretary of state in now limited to representing Northern Ireland in the UK cabinet and controling the operation of the administration. They are also in charge of several other areas. These include security, human rights, some public inquiries and elections. +The secretary of state officially lives in Hillsborough Castle. It was the official home of the governor of Northern Ireland. The castle is still a royal residence of the monarch in Northern Ireland. + += = = Ningthourol Lambuba = = = +The Ningthourol Lambuba () is an ancient historical document (puya), about the reign of the Meitei kings of Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak). +It is a long roll of the monarchs with the activities of the kings of Manipur. +The scripture contains 348 leaves. It supplemented the Cheitharol Kumbaba, the state chronicle of the kingdom. +It records that Nongda Lairen Pakhangba was the first historical Meitei king of Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak). + += = = Shout! Factory = = = +Shout! Factory is an American DVD and music company. It was made in 2003 and was named Retropolis Entertainment. Shout! Factory makes DVDs of new and old movies and television programs like "All in the Family". + += = = Helloi = = = +A Helloi () or a Heloi () is a female nature spirit in Meitei mythology, folklore and religion. Hellois look like beautiful young women. They often trick men to have sex with them. They are the most powerful among the female spirits. They can cause diseases. +The hellois are often known for their charming beauty, ecological balance and male submission (seduction). Hellois are sometimes seen as evil spirits in the forms of beautiful maidens. +Helloi Taret (lit. "Seven Hellois") are the seven sisters. They stay in the thick bushes or dark and dense forests. They also live in other places of wilderness like rivers and meadows. +In Meitei mythology. +Hellois are one of the most common female spirits believed in Meitei mythology and folklore. According to the Maibas (priests), hellois are the most powerful female spirits. They could spread diseases, especially sexually transmitted infections. Hellois attack men and cause disorder of mind. From men, women may get sick in their sexual organs. According to belief, the highest rate of such attacks occurs in March and April. It is the time of celebrating Yaoshang, a spring festival. At the same time, Thabal Chongba occasions are performed by both men and women. +In Meitei religion. +"Helloi Oknaba" (lit. "Encounter with Hellois" in Meitei) is one of the most common events of meeting with supernatural beings in Meitei folk stories. Challenges to or conflicts with the hellois often make one's life unhappy. In such cases, one may get sick, mental imbalance and temporary madness. If such people are not properly treated by a maiba or a maibi, the symptoms may continue long. It may lead to permanent madness (mental impairment). One who meets a helloi often acts in abnormal and mentally challenged ways. For example, the victims may not be able to recognize his family members and friends. However, the victims could still communicate with the very helloi. The spirit may not easily leave the victim. She will demand something in return to leave the victim. Thus, Hellois seek their needs by bewitching people. +The maibas perform rites and rituals to prevent attraction and attacks on men by the hellois. They feed the spirits with animal faeces and some specially prepared ritual foods. +Hellois and Hingchabis. +Hellois and Hingchabis are the two most popular forms of female spirits in Meitei mythology and folklore. But these two mythical beings are not almost all similar. Hellois are wandering spirits. On the other hand, Hingchabis live inside some women. They exposed their supernatural powers into the bodies of the victims. They cause illness, mental sufferings, bad luck, and sometimes even death to the victims. + += = = Intermediate massed black hole = = = +An intermediate massed black hole is a black hole that is between 100 to 1,000 times the mass of our Sun. It is more massive than a stellar black hole, but less massive than a supermassive black hole. + += = = Veragua cross-banded tree frog = = = +The Veragua cross-banded treefrog or drab treefrog ("Smilisca sordida") is a frog that lives in Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Costa Rica and Colombia. Scientists have seen it as high in the hills as 1525 meters above sea level. +The adult male frog is 36.2 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 56.3 mm long. They have gray-brown skin on the back and a lighter belly. It has purple skin where the legs meet the body. They have light marks over their eyes and stripes on their legs. +This frog lives near streams and rivers in forests. They lay eggs at the time of year when the streams are not so deep. +The tadpoles are 3.2 cm long. They live at the bottom of the stream and hold onto the rocks with their mouths. + += = = Liz Torres = = = +Liz Torres (born September 27, 1947) is an American actress, singer, and comedian from The Bronx, New York City, New York. She played Mahalia Sanchez in the comedy show "The John Larroquette Show" and also played Teresa Betancourt in "All in the Family". + += = = Tess Harper = = = +Tessie Jean Washam (later Tess Harper; born August 15, 1950) is an American actress. She was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for the Best Supporting Actress for her first movie role in "Tender Mercies", a 1983 movie. She was nominated for an Academy Award for the Best Supporting Actress for "Crimes of the Heart", a 1986 movie. +Harper was born in Mammoth Spring, Arkansas. She was raised in Missouri. + += = = Zinder = = = +Zinder is a city in Niger. It is the capital of Zinder Region. About 323,000 people live in Zinder. Until 1926, Zinder was the capital of Niger, since then, Niamey is the capital. Zinder is important for trade. In the region around Zinder peanuts are grown. + += = = Isthmian Games = = = +The Isthmian Games were a music and athletic contest. The Isthmian Games happened in ancient Greece. The Games were played honour of the sea god Poseidon. They were played in the spring of the second and fourth years of each Olympiad. They were played at the holy place of Poseidon on the Isthmus of Corinth. The Isthmian Games were played until the 4th century c.e. Both men and women competed in the Isthmian Games. + += = = Maradi, Niger = = = +Maradi is a city in Niger. With 267,000 people, it is the third-largest of the country, after Niamey and Zinder. Maradi is important for trade. Peanuts are grown in the area around the city. + += = = Franz Josef Denzinger = = = +Franz Josef Denzinger (24 February 182114 February 1894) was a German architect and church builder. His works include numerous churches, including in Regensburg and Frankfurt am Main. He was born in Liège as the son of a university philosopher Ignacio Denzinger and Marie Thekla née Molitor. The family moved to Würzburg in 1831, where the son attended grammar school and then studied "general" sciences at Julius Maximilians University, where his father taught as a full professor. From 1842/43 he studied engineering at the Royal Polytechnic Academy in Munich, as well as architecture at the Academy of Fine Arts. In 1846 he completed his training with the state examination as an engineer for the state building service for road, bridge and hydraulic engineering, in 1847 supplemented with the examination as an architect for civil engineering. + += = = Khuman Leipaak = = = +"Khuman Leipaak" () (literally, "Khuman kingdom") was an independent powerful kingdom, ruled by the kings of the Khuman dynasty in Ancient Manipur. The principality grew at the shores of the Loktak lake. Mayang Imphal, the capital city of the kingdom, was at the left bank of the Imphal River, till the middle of the 14th century AD. +The Khuman kingdom was once more extensive and prosperous than that of the Ningthoujas. However, it became dependent on the Ningthouja kingdom by the 12th century AD. + += = = Allan Melvin = = = +Allan Melvin (February 18, 1923 – January 17, 2008) was an American actor who was in many television programs. Melvin was born in Kansas City, Missouri. +He was in many shows like "The Brady Bunch", "The Dick Van Dyke Show", and "All in the Family". +Melvin died from cancer on January 17, 2008 in Brentwood, California at the age of 84. + += = = Christine Lahti = = = +Christine Ann Lahti (born April 4, 1950) is an American actress and filmmaker. She was nominated for an Academy Award for the Best Supporting Actress for "Swing Shift", a 1984 movie. The first movie she directed was the 1995 short movie "Lieberman in Love", she won an Academy Award for the Best Live Action Short Film. +Lahti began on Broadway as a replacement in "Loose Ends". She went on to perform in the Broadway plays "Present Laughter" (1982) and "The Heidi Chronicles" (1989). +Lahti is an eight-time Golden Globe Award nominee and six-time Emmy Award nominee. She won a Golden Globe Award for the 1989 television movie "No Place Like Home". She won a Golden Globe and Emmy in 1998 for her role as Kate Austin in the series "Chicago Hope". +Lahti was born in Birmingham, Michigan, a Detroit suburb. + += = = Yurnalis Ngayoh = = = +Petrus Kanisius Yuvenalis Yurnalis Ngayoh (20 August 1942 – 8 February 2021) was an Indonesian politician. He was the Vice Governor of East Kalimantan from 2003 until 2006 and as the Governor of East Kalimantan from 2006 until 2008. Ngayoh was born in Kalimantan, Japanese Dutch East Indies. +Ngayoh died on 8 February 2021 in Samarinda, Indonesia at the age of 78. + += = = Goran Daničić = = = +Goran Daničić (; 14 December 1962 – 10 February 2021) was a Serbian actor. He appeared in more than fifty movies. His career began in 1982. He was born in Užice, SFR Yugoslavia. His best known roles were in "The Meeting Point", "Vukovar, jedna priča", "Novogodišnje venčanje", "The Robbery of the Third Reich", "When I Grow Up, I'll Be a Kangaroo" and "Ivko's Feast". +Daničić died on 10 February 2021 in Belgrade, Serbia at the age of 58. + += = = Lateef Jakande = = = +Lateef Kayode Jakande (23 July 1929 – 11 February 2021) was a Nigerian journalist and politician. He became governor of Lagos State in Nigeria from 1979 to 1983. He was later Minister of Works under the Sani Abacha military regime from 1993 to 1998. Jakande was born in Lagos Island, Nigeria. +Jakande died on 11 February 2021 in Lagos, aged 91. + += = = Rubén Alfonso Ramírez = = = +Rubén Alfonso Ramírez Enríquez (4 March 1936 – 11 February 2021) was a Guatemalan politician and television presenter. He was the Minister of Education during the Alejandro Maldonado presidency from 2015 to 2016. He was born Chicacao, Guatemala. +Alfonso Ramírez died on 11 February 2021 in Guatemala City, aged 84. + += = = Jayalal Rohana = = = +Maha Egodage Jayalal Rohana (; 1 November 1964 – 11 February 2021), popularly known as Jayalal Rohana, was a Sri Lankan actor and screenwriter. He was born in Colombo, Sri Lanka. His best known roles were as Rajasinghe in "Tikiri Suwanda" (2010), Jasomihira in "Sinhawalokanaya" (2011) and as James Peiris in "Nidahase Piya DS" (2018). +Rohana died on 11 February 2021 at a hospital in Colombo, aged 56. + += = = Leslie E. Robertson = = = +Leslie Earl Robertson (February 12, 1928 – February 11, 2021) was an American engineer. He was the lead structural engineer of the Twin Towers of the original World Trade Center in New York City. He was the structural engineer on other projects, including the Shanghai World Financial Center and the Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong. Robertson was born in Manhattan Beach, California. +Robertson died on February 11, 2021 in San Mateo, California from blood cancer, one day before his 93rd birthday. + += = = Neville Fernando = = = +Dr. Sirikkaththuge Neville Arthur Fernando (9 March 1931 – 4 February 2021) was a Sri Lankan doctor and a politician. He was born in Panadura, Sri Lanka. He was a member of the Sri Lankan Parliament from 1977 to 1989. Fernando was a member of the United National Party. He founded the Neville Fernando Teaching Hospital. +Fernando died at a hospital in Angoda, Sri Lanka of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka. aged 89. + += = = Richard Brake = = = +Richard Colin Brake (born 30 November 1964) is a Welsh-born American actor. He is known for his roles as Joe Chill in "Batman Begins" (2005) and as the Night King on the fourth and fifth season of "Game of Thrones". + += = = QueerSportSplit = = = +Queer Sport Split (short: QSS) is a charity organization from Split, Croatia. It has a focus on the sport, culture and leisure of the LGBTIQ+ community. It also works in education and research on the sports and LGBTIQ+ topics. It was registered in 2011 and is the longest running local LGBTIQ+ organization in the region. +Local activities and relevance. +QSS does activities like: excursions and hiking, bocce, recreational swimming and socializing programs like 'Sport i pivo', 'PlesnjaQ' and 'Domaćinstvo' for LGBTIQ+ community. Screenings and presentations are organized to inform and inspire participants. QSS helps organizing Split Pride and running of . +It does art in public space, with international artists like Maria Molteni who writes: +"Since 2011, Queer Sport Split has organized gatherings and interventions with “soft activism”: activism that intervenes in the public space of the city through crocheting and knitting. The first such intervention was during the planning of Split Pride in 2012, where knit flags pointed to the right of all citizens to public space, rights which the LGBTIQ population was denied by the local government. In 2014, Queer Sport Split held the Marathon On Needles, a public knit-in, to promote access to public space, guerrilla activism, and social participation." +In last few years it does ballroom culture and vogue dance events in cooperation with CLUBTURE. +International activities and networks. +In 2012 it co-organized an international conference "Contesting/Contexting SPORT 2012", with (part of Council of Europe), EGLSF (European Gay and Lesbian Federation) and qSPORT - Zagreb. +It contributes to large international exhibitions and publications. +In 2018-2019 it was the leading research project 'Beyond Binaries' with five other LGBTIQ+ sport organizations, in collaboration with institutions, networks and initiatives active in research and sport work. +"'The project aims to create understanding for the highly limiting societal effects that the gender segregation unfolds, especially for and by examining the experiences of members of the LGBTQI+ community."' +In 2019-2021 it was part of "Rainbow Youth for Sporting Equity" - a research and education project by LEAP Sports Scotland and European University Sport Association and project "CEEyouSPORT" led by EGLSF. +It is part of regional network ERA and is their contact point for Croatia. + += = = Field Spaniel = = = +The Field Spaniel is a mid-sized spaniel dog. They were first developed to be show dogs in the late 19th and early 20th centuries because they were not as good at hunting as their cousins the English Springer Spaniels and Cocker Spaniels. Later in the 20th century they were bred to have longer legs and became good gun dogs. +Colour. +They are coloured either brown or black and might have white marks on their chest. +Temper. +They can make good family pets and are usually good at being around children. +Numbers. +They are now (2021) thought to be a rare breed but their numbers are starting to grow. + += = = Clionidae = = = +Clionoidae is a family of molluscs known as "sea angels". They are in the subclass Heterobranchia, class Gastropoda. They are small pelagic gastropods. +Habitat. +Sea angels are pelagic, meaning that they live in the open ocean. They can be found all over the world, but are most common in cold waters, especially around the poles. +Description. +Sea angels are usually around 1-2 centimeters in length, with average sizes varying between species. The largest species, "Clione limacina," can reach lengths of up to 8.5 centimeters. +Diet. +Sea angels are carnivores. Their main food source is "Thecosomata," or "sea butterflies", a clade of sea snails that are related to sea angels. When sea butterflies are not available, they can survive by feeding on small crustaceans. "Clione limacina" can survive for a year without food. +Threats. +Carbon dioxide released by human activity reacts with ocean water in such a way that the ocean becomes more acidic. This process is known as ocean acidification. More acidic oceans make it harder for some shell-producing animals to survive. This includes sea butterflies, which are sea snails with very thin shells. Since sea angels are dependent on sea butterflies as a major food source, ocean acidification may impact sea angels as well. + += = = Clionoidea = = = +Clionoidea is a group of molluscs. Clionoidea is a superfamily within the subclass Heterobranchia of the class Gastropoda. + += = = Potala Palace = = = +The Potala Palace (Tibetan: ��་���་��་�་�་) was a fortress in the city of Lhasa, in Tibet. It was used as the Dalai Lama's winter palace from 1649 to 1959. The palace is named after Mount Potalaka, Avalokiteśvara's home. +The 5th Dalai Lama ordered the construction for this fortress after one of his spiritual advisors showed that the site had good potential and was good as a government building. + += = = Blue-collar worker = = = +A blue-collar worker is a worker that does jobs that uses a lot of labour. In some blue-collar jobs need skill and some jobs do not need skill. A construction worker is a blue-collar worker. + += = = Lee Adams = = = +Lee Richard Adams (born August 15, 1924) is an American musician who writes the words for songs. Those are called lyrics and he is a "lyricist". He worked with Charles Strouse. Strouse made the music for "All in the Family" and Adams made the lyrics for the theme in the television program. + += = = Zdeněk Sternberg = = = +Count Zdeněk Filip Maria Emanuel Jiří Ignatius Sternberg (August 15, 1923 – January 19, 2021) was a descendant of the ancient aristocratic Šternberk family and the owner of Český Šternberk Castle and Březina Castle in the Rokycany region. He was the second child and eldest son of the Count George of Sternberg (December 10, 1888 Prague - July 27, 1965 Bruneck) and his wife (married April 6, 1921 Chotělice) Countess Kunigunde of Mensdorff-Pouilly (January 11, 1899 - November 19, 1989). He died on January 19, 2021. He was a Medal of Merit recipient. + += = = Charles Strouse = = = +Charles Strouse (born June 7, 1928) is an American musician who makes music for movies and television programs. He made the music for "Annie" and "Bye Bye Birdie". He also made the music for "All in the Family" and Lee Adams made the lyrics for the show. + += = = Miquel Ferrer i Aymamí = = = +Miquel Ferrer i Aymamí (28 November 1931 – 2 January 2021) was a Spanish footballer. He played through most of the 1950s. Ferrer played as a midfielder. +Ferrer played for FC Barcelona as an amateur in 1948. From 1949 to 1951, he played for Condal. +In 1954, Ferrer joined Real Oviedo. He retired following the 1958 season at the age of 26. + += = = Telly Tjanggulung = = = +Telly Tjanggulung (1 June 1973 – 5 January 2021) was an Indonesian politician. She was Regent of Southeast Minahasa from 2008 to 2013. +Tjanggulung died on 5 January 2021, aged 47. + += = = Roland Chassain = = = +Roland Chassain (5 February 1947 – 9 February 2021) was a French politician. He was born in Aurillac, France. Chassain was a member of the Rally for the Republic. From 2002 to 2007, he was a member of the National Assembly. From 1995 until his death, he was Mayor of Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer. +Chassain died on 9 February 2021, aged 74. + += = = Ibrahim Othman Ibrahim Idris = = = +Ibrahim Othman Ibrahim Idris (1961 – February 10, 2021) was a Sudanese criminal. He was formerly held in extrajudicial detention in the United States' Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba. +In July 2013, a motion was filed seeking his release because his physical and emotional health had deteriorated to the point where he could be seen as a threat. +On February 10, 2021, Idris died at age 60 at his mother's home in Port Sudan. + += = = Rusty Brooks = = = +Kurt Koski (February 7, 1958 – February 11, 2021) was an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name Rusty Brooks. He competed in several International World Class Championship Wrestling (IWCCW), Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW) and the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA). +He also appeared in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) during the mid-1980s as a preliminary wrestler. +Brooks died on February 11, 2021, aged 63. He had surgery a few weeks before. + += = = Eli Soriano = = = +Eliseo "Eli" Fernando Soriano (April 4, 1947 – February 11, 2021), also known as BES "(Bro. Eli Soriano)", Brother Eli or Kapatid na Eli, was a Filipino televangelist. He was the "Overall Servant" of the Members Church of God International (MCGI) in Pampanga, Philippines. He was the main host of radio and television program "Ang Dating Daan", which is thought to be the longest-running religious program in the Philippines. Soriano was born in Pasay, Rizal, Philippines. +Soriano died on February 11, 2021 in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil at the age of 73. + += = = Wiesław Glos = = = +Wiesław Glos (12 September 1936 – 6 January 2021) was a Polish fencer. He competed at the 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics. He was born in Kraków, Poland. +Glos died on 6 January 2021 in Kraków, aged 84. + += = = Khuman Pokpa = = = +Khuman Pokpa () or Khuman Apokpa () is the Apokpa (Ancestor God) of the Khuman clan. He is regarded as the founder of the Khuman dynasty. He is one of the three members of the Mangang Luwang Khuman in Meitei mythology and religion. He represents the time of the sunset and the night. +Name. +The name "Khuman Pokpa" is made up of two words, "Khuman" and "Pokpa". In Meitei language (Manipuri language), "Pokpa" means "to beget (be the father of) or to give birth to". The word "Apokpa" comes from "Pokpa". Apokpas are the dead male members of a family for the last three generations. They can be the father, grandfather, or great grandfather of any living person. They looked after the family in the past. So, "Khuman Pokpa" or "Khuman Apokpa" means "The one who gave birth to the Khumans". +Description. +Meitei people worship fire in the fireplace called "Phunga Mei" (lit. "hearth fire") at home. In the fireplace, there are three stones kept. One stone is in the right west, another in the north east and another in the south east. This forms a triangle. These three stones represent the three great times of a day. The northeastern stone represents the Mangang. The southeastern stone represents the Luwang. The western stone represents the Khuman. Here, Khuman represents the time of the sunset and the night. The remaining Mangang and Luwang represent the sunrise and the noon respectively. The Meiteis addressed the "hearth fire" ("phunga mei") as "Meitreng Arabana Yoimayai Mahut Sinna Mei". The English translation of this Meitei language (Manipuri language) passage is "The burning fire in the hearth place substitutes the Sun". Thus, the Sun is worshipped in the Meetei Phunga. +Cults and pantheons. +Among many, one of the most important pantheons of God Khuman Pokpa is in Mayang Imphal. Mayang Imphal is the ancient capital of the Khuman kingdom. +Worship. +In ancient times, God Khuman Pokpa was worshipped for good health and prosperity. According to the beliefs of the fishermen of the Karang Island, diseases with unexplainable causes are caused by gods and goddesses. According to their beliefs, the danger of natural calamities, epidemics, diseases and other miseries are all due to the getting angry of gods and goddesses. The reasons for their anger are usually because of not performing rites and rituals. +Festival. +The religious festival of Lai Haraoba is celebrated in honor of God Khuman Pokpa in the Karang Islands. The celebration lasts for ten consecutive days during the month of September. In modern days, the celebration draws attention to a large number of tourists. + += = = Moirang Ningthourol Lambuba = = = +"Moirang Ningthourol Lambuba" () is a historical document (puya), which served as the court chronicle of the rulers of the kingdom in Ancient Moirang. It records the genealogy of the kings of the Moirang dynasty. +The chronicle also slightly mentioned about the history of the Zeliangrong people. + += = = Otto Geisert = = = +Otto Geisert (18 November 1939 – 8 January 2021) was a German footballer. He spent seven seasons in the Bundesliga with Karlsruher SC and 1. FC Kaiserslautern. He was born in Nordhorn, Germany. +Geisert died, aged 81, in Kaiserslautern, Germany. + += = = Mike Henry (American football) = = = +Michael Dennis Henry (August 15, 1936 – January 8, 2021) was an American football linebacker and actor. He was best known for his role as Tarzan in the 1960s trilogy and as Junior in the "Smokey and the Bandit" movie series. He played for the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Los Angeles Rams. His playing career lasted from 1959 to 1964. Henry was born in Los Angeles. +Henry died on January 8, 2021 in Burbank, California from Parkinson's disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. He was 84. + += = = Louis-Pierre Bougie = = = +Louis-Pierre Bougie (16 August 1946 – 10 January 2021) was a Canadian painter and printmaker. His works focused in engraving and etching. His work is regularly shown in Canadian, American, and European galleries. +Bougie died from pneumonia on 10 January 2021, aged 74. + += = = Tom Gannon = = = +Thomas P. Gannon (April 5, 1943 – January 10, 2021) was an American politician. He was a Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1979 to 2006. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. +Gannon died on January 10, 2021 in Upland, Pennsylvania at the age of 77. + += = = Upland, Pennsylvania = = = +Upland is a borough in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. 3,068 people lived here at the 2020 census. + += = = Kenneth Halverson = = = +Kenneth S. Halverson (July 24, 1933 – January 21, 2021) was an American Republican politician. He was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1967 to 1968 and again from 1969 to 1980. Halverson was born in Somerset, Pennsylvania. +Halverson died on January 21, 2021 in Somerset, aged 87. + += = = Lothar Metz = = = +Lothar Metz (16 January 1939 – 23 January 2021) was a German wrestler. He won an Olympic silver medal in Greco-Roman wrestling in 1960, and a bronze medal in 1964. He won an Olympic gold medal in 1968, competing for East Germany. He was born in Meerane, Germany. +Metz died on 23 January 2021 in Rostock, Germany at the age of 81. + += = = The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean = = = +The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean is a 1972 American western movie directed by John Huston (who also stars) and starring Paul Newman, Anthony Perkins, Ned Beatty, Roddy McDowall, Jacqueline Bisset, Victoria Principal, Ava Gardner, Stacy Keach, Dick Farnsworth, Bill McKinney, Anthony Zerbe. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1973. + += = = Margaret C. Snyder = = = +Margaret C. "Peg" Snyder (January 30, 1929 – January 26, 2021) was an American social scientist. Her work focused on women and economic development, particularly in Africa. +She was the founding director of the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM), whose name was changed to UN Women in 2011. She was also a co-founder of Women's World Banking and of the African Training and Research Centre for Women. +Snyder died on January 26, 2021 in New York City from cardiac arrest, aged 91. + += = = John L. Behan = = = +John L. Behan (November 11, 1944 – January 28, 2021) was an American politician. He was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1979 to 1995. He was a member of the Republican Party. +Behan died on January 28, 2021 in Montauk, New York at the age of 76. + += = = Alberto Matos = = = +Alberto Jorge Rodrigues de Matos (6 June 1944 – 28 January 2021) was a Portuguese sprinter. He competed in the men's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born in Lisbon, Portugal. +Matos died on 28 January 2021 in Lisbon, aged 76. + += = = Puttershoek = = = +Puttershoek is a town and former municipality in the western Netherlands. It is located on the banks of the Oude Maas, on the island Hoeksche Waard, in the province of South Holland. +Since 1 January 2019, it is part of the new municipality Hoeksche Waard. + += = = Bert Schreuder = = = +Albertus “Bert” Schreuder (4 May 1929 – 30 January 2021) was a Dutch politician. He was mayor of Puttershoek from 1963 to 1971, Gorinchem from 1971 to 1982 and of Amersfoort from 1982 to 1994. He was a member of the Partij van de Arbeid (PvdA). Schreuder was born in Apeldoorn, Netherlands. +Schreuder died on 30 January 2021 in Amersfoort, Netherlands at the age of 91. + += = = Bunki Bankaitis-Davis = = = +Danute "Bunki" Bankaitis-Davis (January 2, 1958 – January 29, 2021) was an American road racing cyclist. She won a gold medal at the 1992 UCI Road World Championships in the team time trial. She competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in the women's road race finishing 14th. +Bankaitis-Davis died on January 29, 2021 at the age of 63. + += = = Khoriphaba = = = +Khoriphaba () is a God in Meitei mythology and religion of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). He is the son of Sky God Salailen. He came down from heaven to earth to search for his mother and then for a bride. He is best known for wrestling with Loyalakpa in the Lai Haraoba festival. He is also a polo playing God. +Description. +God Khoriphaba is a Lainingthou. In Ancient Meitei language, "Lai" means God or Deity and "Ningthou" means King or Ruler. However, the term "Lainingthou" carries many meanings. It may refer to "king of gods", "godly king" or "kingly god". Since Khoriphaba is not the king of gods, he is a kingly god. +Khoriphaba is a sportsman. He participated in polo as well as wrestling championships. +Among the deities, God Khoriphaba and God Loyalakpa possess the epithets of being the best wrestlers. The two powerful gods wrestled during the Lai Haraoba festival. +God Khoriphaba is one of the polo player gods. He participated in the divine polo match. During the godly polo championship, Khoriphaba joined the southern team. His team was led by God Thangjing while his opponent's team (northern team) was led by God Marjing. +Mythology. +God Khoriphaba was born with the divine union of God Salailen (alias Soraren) and Goddess Konthoujam Tampha Lairembi at Heaven. When Khoriphaba was three months old (or "three years old"), his parents got separated. His mother was abandoned from entering into Heaven. So, little Khoriphaba was looked after by the 1000 queens of heaven. But he cried for his mother. Salailen tried to pacify the baby's cry but in vain. He gave him milk but it was of no use. He summoned his nobles and subjects. He asked them to make his son stop crying. Thousands of gods and goddesses tried but all of them failed to stop the boy's cry. Finally, Chingkheirel Apamba tried his luck. He sang hymns in praise of the baby God. Suddenly, the boy stopped crying. At this, Salailen named his son "Khoiriphaba". +One day, Angoupalba Yaibirel Sidaba found Khoiriphaba crying near a tree. He brought the boy to his home. He asked his family to take care of the boy. The clan members looked after the child like their own child. They named him "Puthiba". +One day, Khoiriphaba heard some women talking about him. They said, "Look how cute the child is! We love him so much! His mother would have loved him many times than we love him. How much his mother would have suffered for the loss of the child." Khoiriphaba immediately asked them about his mother. But none knew the answer to his question. So, he decided to search for his mother by himself. +God Khoriphaba descended from sky down to earth in search for his lost mother Konthoujam Tampha Lairembi. +He came to Moirang near Khoiri Keithel. The sun already set when he was there. Not knowing what to do, he started crying. God Thangjing and his consort Koiren Leima came to him. They came to know about the identity of the boy. The divine couple took care of Khoiriphaba. +Under the guardianship of God Thangjing, Khoiriphaba grew up. He made many friends. He was nine years old. He started wrestling (), race, and so on. He was always the champion of all the competitions. This made his friends fell jealous of him. So, one of his friends told him about how he grew up under the care of Thangjing. Khoriphaba was told that they would not allow him to play with them because he was an inferior God. Khoriphaba felt dejected for many days. Thangjing noticed it and asked him. Khoiriphaba narrated him the incident. So, Thangjing decided that Khoiriphaba should be sent to his mother without further delaying. He summoned all the 27 friends of Khoiriphaba. He asked them to challenge Khoiriphaba for wrestling and race championships. None were ready for the challenge. Then Thangjing asked them about a tug of war in which all of them would stand together at one side and Khoiriphaba alone at another side. There was a condition. If they won, they would be the winner. But if Khoiriphaba won, they should send Khoiriphaba off to his mother's place at Haorok Konthou, carrying him on a palanquin. The 27 friends accepted the challenge. But all of them got defeated in the hands of Khoiriphaba. +On the next day, the 27 friends proceeded for the journey with Khoiriphaba on a palanquin towards Haorok Konthou. They came from a long distance from Moirang. On the way, they came across a beautiful place. They could not control themselves to rest at the beautiful place for a while. They requested Khoiriphaba who agreed. The beautiful place where they rested was named "Toubul" (). Some friends were waiting for the resting friends at another place. The place where they waited was named "Ngaikhong". After some time, little by little, all of his friends left Khoiriphaba alone. So, Khoiriphaba continued his journey alone. On the way, he came across a river. On the river, many women were fishing using nets. Since morning, they could not catch a single fish. He was helped by a woman to cross the river. +Finally, he reached Haorok Konthou. The people of the place were greatly awed to see him. They have heard of his quest. But Goddess Tampha was not at the place. Due to the fear of Salailen, the villagers sent her off to another place. She was looked after by the Kabui tribes in the hills. So, Khoriphaba set off for the next journey riding on his mare Ngangrubi. +On reaching the village of the Kabui tribes in the hills, he was warmly welcomed by the tribesmen. He finally met his long departed mother. He proposed her to return home back to heaven. But she did not agree because she was abandoned by her husband. So, he sadly left his mother. +There are also legends about God Khoriphaba looking for a bride. He veiled his face and hold a polo-stick over his shoulder. While searching for a lover, he was riding on a mare. +God Khoriphaba reached Koubru's place. God Koubru offered him to choose any lady of his choice from his place. Khoriphaba chose Goddess Nungthel Leima. But Nungthel Leima was already the consort of Loyalakpa. So, God Koubru could not give him the desired lady. Koubru did not want to take back his own words. He asked Khoriphaba to choose any lady but he should do it blindfolded. Blindfolded Khoiriphaba attempted to choose but he could not get Goddess Nungthel Leima. This action is enacted by the maibis in the Lai Haraoba festival. +Worship. +During the Lai Haraoba festival, there is a special ritual named "Kanglei Thokpa" dedicated to God Khoriphaba. In this ritual, a group of maibis sing a song depicting Khoriphaba's search for a bride. +<poem> +"The goddess of the hills, my beloved +The jewel, which I am unable to part with +On such a day, I follow your footprints +I fail to find you... +Sweet one, have you gone to another village? +Or have you gone to fetch fire from your neighbour? +Or have you gone to wash your hair at the riverbank? +Or are you combing your beautiful hair in the huge house of your father? +Perhaps, you have gone to a kang game and seated between two village brothers as a piece of decoration, radiating... +Perhaps, a cloth is tied around your shoulder and slender waist and you are pounding rice. +My friend, I have not seen my beloved for a long time. +Please tell me where she is? " +</poem> +This song of love and associated gesture evolve into dancing. The dance enacts the horse polo game. During this ritual ceremony, a maibi will cover her face with a veil. She will hold a kangjei (English: polo-stick or hockey-stick). She will hook a girl from amidst the crowd with the hooked end of the stick. This is called "Lai Nupi Thiba" (lit. Predilection of bride). +During his worship, cooked foods could be offered but devotees are not allowed to offer fish. +Texts. +The "Khoriphaba Naothemlon" text describes song to stop little Khoriphaba from crying. +Namesakes. +Art and culture association. +The Khoriphaba Artistes Association is a non commercial artistes association. It was established in 1971 in Imphal. +Bodybuilding event. +The Mr. Khoriphaba Body Building Championship is an annual bodybuilding event. It includes both men's as well as women's classes. The first championship took place in the year 2019. + += = = Art Davis (American football) = = = +Arthur Ganong "Art" Davis (November 29, 1934 – January 29, 2021) was an American football player. He played at Mississippi State University in 1952-55 and for one season with the Pittsburgh Steelers in the National Football League (NFL) in 1956. +He died of Parkinson's disease on January 29, 2021, in Starkville, Mississippi at age 86. + += = = Mary Anne Marchino = = = +Mary Anne Marchino (January 27, 1938 – January 29, 2021) was an American competition swimmer. She represented the United States at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. Marchino competed in the qualifying heats of the women's 100-meter backstroke. Marchino wasd born in Indianapolis, Indiana. +Marchino died on January 29, 2021 at the age of 83. + += = = Didier Pasgrimaud = = = +Didier Pasgrimaud (23 February 1966 – 29 January 2021) was a French cyclist. He competed in the team pursuit event at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He was born in Châteaubriant, France. +Pasgrimaud died on 29 January 2021 in Châteaubriant at the age of 54. + += = = Madeline Carroll = = = +Madeline Carroll (born ) is an American actress known for starring as Juli Baker in "Flipped", as Molly Johnson in "Swing Vote", as Farren in "The Spy Next Door", and as Willow O'Neil "The Magic of Belle Isle". + += = = Kevin Weisman = = = +Kevin Glen Weisman (born December 29, 1970) is an American actor. He is known for his role as Marshall Flinkman on the critically acclaimed, J.J. Abrams' television series, "Alias", which aired for five seasons (2001–2006) on ABC. +Weisman is Jewish. + += = = Callan McAuliffe = = = +Callan Ryan Claude McAuliffe (born 24 January 1995) is an Australian actor. He is known for his roles as Bryce Loski in "Flipped" and Sam Goode in "I Am Number Four". +He appeared as young Jay Gatsby in the 2013 movie "The Great Gatsby". As of 2017, he appears on "The Walking Dead" as Alden. + += = = John Corbett = = = +John Joseph Corbett (born May 9, 1961) is an American actor and country music singer. He is known for his roles as Chris Stevens on CBS' "Northern Exposure" and as Aidan Shaw on HBO's "Sex and the City". +Corbett also played Ian Miller, in the romantic comedy movie "My Big Fat Greek Wedding" (2002) and its 2016 sequel. + += = = Janel Parrish = = = +Janel Meilani Parrish Long (born October 30, 1988) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for starring as Mona Vanderwaal in the mystery-drama franchise Pretty Little Liars (2010–2017, 2019) and as Margot Covey in the "To All the Boys" movie series (2018–present). + += = = Dumbarton Bridge (California) = = = +The Dumbarton Bridge is the southernmost of the highway bridges across San Francisco Bay in California. It can carry over 70,000 vehicles and about 118 pedestrian and bicycle crossings daily. It is the shortest bridge across San Francisco Bay at . +The bridge goes from Menlo Park in the west to Fremont in the east. + += = = Jenny Han = = = +Jenny Han (born September 3, 1980) is an American author. Many of her books are young adult fiction and children's fiction. She is best known for writing "The Summer I Turned Pretty" trilogy and the "To All the Boys" series. + += = = Roger Kellaway = = = +Roger Kellaway (born November 1, 1939) is an American musician who makes music for movies and television programs. He is called a composer. Roger did the music for the movie, "A Star Is Born" and also did the ending music for "All in the Family". + += = = Hitoshi Sasaki (footballer, born 1891) = = = + was a Japanese football player and manager. He managed for Japan national team. +Biography. +Sasaki was born in Fukushima Prefecture in 1891. After graduating from Tokyo Higher Normal School, in May 1921, he became manager for Japan national team for Far Eastern Championship Games in Shanghai. He managed 2 matches at this competition, but Japan lost in both matches (1-3, v Philippines and 0-4, v Republic of China). These matches are not counted as "International A Match" because Japan Football Association was not founded yet. +After the retirement, Sasaki became professor and he taught at Utsunomiya University, Fukushima University, Chukyo University and Japan Women's College of Physical Education and so on. +On July 23, 1982, Sasaki died of lung thrombus in Suginami, Tokyo at the age of 91. + += = = Masujiro Nishida = = = + was a Japanese football player and manager. He managed for Japan national team. +Biography. +Nishida played for Osaka SC which was created by his alma mater high school graduates and many Japan national team players were playing in those days. +In 1923, Nishida became manager for Japan national team for Far Eastern Championship Games in Osaka. At this competition, on May 23, Japan fought against Philippines. This match is Japan team first match in "International A Match". He managed 2 matches at this competition, but Japan lost in both matches (1-2, v Philippines and 1-5, v Republic of China). + += = = Goro Yamada = = = + was a Japanese football player and manager. He managed for Japan national team. +Biography. +Yamada was born in Nihonmatsu on March 3, 1894. After graduating from Tokyo Aoyama Normal School, he played for Tokyo Shukyu-Dan while working as a teacher at primary school. The club won first Emperor's Cup in 1921. He played as right midfielder and captain. +In 1925, Yamada became manager for Japan national team for Far Eastern Championship Games in Manila. He managed 2 matches at this competition, but Japan lost in both matches (0-4, v Philippines and 0-2, v Republic of China). +In 1926, Yamada became a football journalist for Asahi Shimbun. He also served as a director of Japan Football Association from 1924 to 1958. +On March 9, 1958, Yamada died of intracranial hemorrhage in Ota, Tokyo at the age of 64. In 2005, he was selected Japan Football Hall of Fame. + += = = Japan Football Association = = = +The is the governing body responsible for the administration of football in Japan. It is responsible for the national team, as well as club competitions. +History. +The organisation was founded in 1921 as the , and became affiliated with FIFA in 1921. In 1945, the name of the organisation was changed to the ; its Japanese name was changed to the current title in 1975. This reflected common use of the word "sakkā" (���ー), derived from "soccer", rather than the older Japanese word "shūkyū" (��; literally "kick-ball"). The word "sakkā" gained popularity during the post-World War II occupation of Japan by the Allied powers. The association generally translates its name to "Japan Football Association" in English, though "Japan Soccer Association" is also used. +Symbol. +The symbol of the JFA is the Yatagarasu, a mythical three-legged raven that guided Emperor Jimmu to Mount Kumano. Yatagarasu is also the messenger of the supreme Shinto sun goddess Amaterasu. +Presidents. +The following is a list of presidents of Japan Football Association (JFA). The Honorary President is Her Imperial Highness Princess Takamado. +Sponsorship. +Japan has one of the highest sponsorship incomes for a national squad. In 2010, their sponsorship income amounted to over 12.5 million pounds. +Primary sponsors include Kirin, Adidas, Panasonic, Saison Card International, FamilyMart, Fujifilm, ANA, Bank of Yokohama, NTT Docomo and Nissan. + += = = Snowflake, Arizona = = = +Snowflake is a town in Navajo County, Arizona, United States. It was founded in 1878. In 2020, 6,104 people lived here. + += = = Far Eastern Championship Games = = = +The Far Eastern Championship Games (also known as the Far Eastern Championships, Far Eastern Games or Far East Games) was an Asian multi-sport event considered to be a precursor to the Asian Games. +History. +In 1913, Elwood Brown, president of the Philippine Amateur Athletic Association and Manila Carnival Games, proposed the creation of the "Far Eastern Olympic Games" to China and Japan. It was at that time that Governor-General William Cameron Forbes was the president of the Philippine Amateur Athletic Federation from 1911-1913. Governor-General Forbes formed the Far Eastern Olympic Association. +The first event was held on the Manila Carnival grounds (later the Rizal Memorial Sports Complex) in Malate, Manila, Philippines on February 4, 1913 and was known as the "First Oriental Olympic Games". Forbes was also the one who formally declare the games open. Six countries participated in the eight-day event: the host country then-named Philippine Islands, Republic of China, Empire of Japan, British East Indies (Malaysia), Kingdom of Thailand and British crown colony Hong Kong. +In 1915, the name changed to Far Eastern Championship Games and the association to Far Eastern Athletic Association when the event was held at Hongkou Park in Shanghai, China. They were held there again in 1921. The games were held every two years except in 1929 when Japan decided to delay the project to 1930. The FEAA decided to change the time table to four years and the Philippine Islands hosted the tenth games in 1934. Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) joined in the 1934 FECG. +The 1934 edition was held in a period of dispute between China and Japan, following the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931. Inclusion of people from this region in the games caused controversy between the two member nations, which resulted in the break-up of the Far Eastern Athletic Association. In September 1937, Japan invaded China with the Marco Polo Bridge Incident and started the Second Sino-Japanese War (which later became part of World War II), thus the planned games in 1938 were cancelled. +Sports. +A total of nine different sports were contested over the lifetime of the competition. Eight of the sports featured on each programmes of the games, with the ninth sport – cycling – being held once only, in 1915. + += = = Show Low, Arizona = = = +Show Low is a city in Navajo County, Arizona, United States. In the 2020 census, 11,732 people lived here. + += = = Japan Football Hall of Fame = = = + is housed at the Japan Football Museum (), in JFA House in Bunkyo, Tokyo. The Hall aims to celebrate the achievements of the all-time top Japanese football players, managers, and other persons who have been significant figures in the history of the game in Japan. + += = = Koichi Kudo = = = + was a Japanese football player and manager. He managed for Japan national team. +Biography. +Kudo was born in Iwate, Iwate on February 4, 1909. In 1933, he graduated from Waseda University and he became manager for Waseda University. In 1936, he became assistant coach for Japan national team for 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. Japan completed a come-from-behind victory against Sweden. The first victory in Olympics for the Japan and the historic victory over one of the powerhouses became later known as "Miracle of Berlin" () in Japan. In 2016, this team was selected Japan Football Hall of Fame. In 1942, he became manager for Japan national team. In 1957, he managed Waseda University again until 1966. +On September 21, 1971, Kudo died of heart failure in Suginami, Tokyo at the age of 62. + += = = Vahid Halilhodžić = = = +Vahid Halilhodžić (born May 15, 1952) is a former Bosnian football player and manager. He played for Yugoslavia national team. +Honours. +Player. +Velež Mostar +Nantes +Yugoslavia U21 +Individual +Manager. +Raja Casablanca +Lille +Paris Saint-Germain +Dinamo Zagreb +Individual + += = = Younan Nowzaradan = = = +Younan Nowzaradan (; born October 11, 1944), also known as Dr. Now, is an Iranian-American surgeon, TV personality, and author. He specializes in vascular surgery and bariatric surgery. He is known for helping morbidly obese people lose weight on "My 600-lb Life" (2012–present). + += = = Seiki Ichihara = = = + is a former Japanese football player and manager. He managed for Japan women's national team. +Biography. +In June 1981, the Japan Football Association formed the first Japan women's national team for the 1981 AFC Women's Championship in Hong Kong. The Japan Football Association appointed Ichihara as the first Japan national team manager. The first match of this tournament was on June 7, and Japan played against Chinese Taipei. This match was the Japan team's first match in an "International A Match". However, Japan lost this match (0–1) and its second match, against Thailand (0–2), on June 11. The third match, against Indonesia, was on June 13, and Japan won 1–0 with Etsuko Handa's goal. This was the Japan team's first victory. +In September, the team played two matches in Japan. However, they lost in both games, against England (0–4) and Italy (0–9). The match against Italy was the greatest loss in the history of the Japan national team. + += = = Takao Orii = = = + is a former Japanese football player and manager. He managed for Japan women's national team. +Biography. +In October 1984, Japan women's national team was formed for the first time in three years for a China expedition, and Japan Football Association appointed Orii as Japan national team manager. Japan played 3 matches against Italy and Australia in Xi'an. However Japan lost in all matches. + += = = Ryohei Suzuki (footballer, born 1949) = = = + is a former Japanese football player and manager. He managed for Japan women's national team. +Biography. +Suzuki was born on June 12, 1949. After graduating from Tokai University, he went to West Germany in 1973 and became a coach. In January 1986, he became a manager for Japan women's national team. In December, Japan participated in 1986 AFC Women's Championship in Hong Kong and won the 2nd place. He managed Japan until January 1989. In 1990, he became a manager for new club Nikko Securities Dream Ladies. The club won the champions at Empress's Cup in 1990. The club participated Nadeshiko League from 1991. The club was 4th place in the 1991 season and he resigned end of the season. + += = = Nadeshiko League = = = +The , commonly known as the , is a women's association football league in Japan. +The Nadeshiko League consists of three divisions that correspond to the top three levels of the Japanese women's football pyramid respectively: the Nadeshiko League Division 1, the Nadeshiko League Division 2, and the Nadeshiko . Teams are promoted and relegated among the three divisions, and between the Nadeshiko Challenge League and the fourth-level Japanese regional leagues, based on performance in the previous season. +Since 2008, the Nadeshiko League has been sponsored by , a fast food company based in Fukuoka. +History. +Japan Women's Football League began in 1989. From 1993 to 1999 it adopted an Apertura and Clausura system, similar to the J.League system of that era. From 2000 to 2003 the clubs were divided into East and West groups and then the top clubs of each would go into a championship group, with the bottom clubs in a relegation group. In 2004 the single-table format was brought back. +Players from the 8 Japan Women's Football League teams would host an annual training camp to build skills and relationships between the L.League and women's international football clubs, including U.S.- and Australia-based teams. +In 2004 the L.League was renamed to Nadeshiko League, with the nickname "Nadeshiko Japan". "Nadeshiko" is the name of the dianthus flower and was chosen from suggestions by fans, signifying an ideal of a dutiful Japanese woman. +Starting in the 2004 season, the L.League had 2 divisions – Division 1, with 8 clubs, and Division 2, with 8 clubs in the 2006 season. Until 2009 the league operated in the same way as the old Japan Soccer League for men, the bottom club in the second division playing off against a regional league playoff winner. +Starting with the 2010 season, the second division is divided into an east and west group of six teams each. The winners of each group are promoted. In 2015 this became Division 3, with the Nadeshiko League becoming two divisions of 10 teams each. +After Japan's World Cup win in 2011 the L.League saw an upsurge in popularity. +On 3 June 2020, the Japan Football Association announced that the newly established WE League will become the top level for women's football in Japan when it begins play in 2021. The Nadeshiko League will then become the second to fourth levels of the Japanese women's football pyramid. +Club. +2020 season. +The Nadeshiko League Divisions 1 and 2 consist of 10 teams each. The Nadeshiko Challenge League is divided into two groups (East and West) of six teams each. +Previous clubs. +The following clubs are not competing in the Nadeshiko League during the 2020 season, but have previously competed in the Nadeshiko League for at least one season. +Champions. +Division 1. +Wins by club. +Clubs in bold are those competing in Division 1 as of the 2020 season. Clubs in "italic" no longer exist. +Notes + += = = Empress's Cup = = = +, or The Empress's Cup, is a Japanese women's football competition. As an elimination tournament, it can be considered the female counterpart to the men's Emperor's Cup. The name "Empress's Cup" has been used since the 2012 season as the Empress's Cup trophy was founded in that year. +From 2004 to 2011 season (New Year's Day of 2005 to 2012), the final was played on New Year's Day at the National Stadium in Tokyo before the Emperor's Cup final, and was regarded as the traditional closing match of the season. Since 2012, the final has been played separately from the Emperor's Cup final. +Past winners. +Past winners are: + += = = Hiroshi Ohashi = = = + is a former Japanese football player and manager. He managed for Japan women's national team. +Biography. +Ohashi was born in Iga on October 27, 1959. After graduating from Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, he became coach for youth team at Japan Football Association. In 2004, he became manager for Singaporean new club, Albirex Niigata Singapore. November 2004, he became manager for Japan women's national team. He managed for 2008 Summer Olympics qualification and Japan qualified for 2008 Summer Olympics. He also managed for 2007 World Cup. + += = = Bud Yorkin = = = +Bud Yorkin (February 22, 1926 – August 18, 2015) was an American movie and a television producer. Yorkin was friends with Norman Lear and they both made Tandem Productions. He and Lear made very successful television programs like "Sanford and Son" and "All in the Family". Yorkin left Lear to make his own company called, Bud Yorkin Productions. He died on August 18, 2015 at 89 years old. + += = = JAR (file format) = = = +Java ARchive (JAR) is a file format created by the Oracle Corporation that is based on the ZIP file format. The primary motivation for the creation of JAR was to allow Java applets and their files to download using a single HTTP connection instead of a new connection for each piece. This allows webpages to load faster and the applet can begin functioning. +Usage. +JAR files use the file extension .jar and the MIME media type codice_1. JAR files are packaged with the ZIP file format, and they are used for data compression, archiving, decompression, and archive unpacking. + += = = Lowland burrowing tree frog = = = +The burrowing tree frog, lowland burrowing tree frog, northern casque-headed frog, or northern casquehead frog ("Smilisca fodiens") is a frog that lives in northern Mexico and southern Arizona. +The adult frog is 54 to 63 mm long from nose to rear end. The male frogs and female frogs are about the same size. Its hind legs are short and strong. It has more bone in its head than most frogs do. Its toes have discs for climbing. Its front toes are not webbed. It is gray-brown, green-prown, or pink-brown in color. +Scientists say this frog is related to "Smilisca dentata". +This frog burrows into the ground in grasslands or scrub forests. It can also form a cocoon to stop water from leaving its body. It makes the cocoon by shedding its skin. +These frogs lay eggs after it rains, in bodies of water than dry up. + += = = Missouri's 8th congressional district = = = +Missouri's 8th congressional district is a congressional district in the state of Missouri. The people who live in this district elect a person to be a representative for the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Party Jason Smith. The district is in rural southeast Missouri and has some counties in Southwest Missouri. + += = = Nongdā Lāiren Pākhangba = = = +Nongda Lairen Pakhangba (') or Nongda Lairel Pakhangba (') was officially the first Meitei king of the Ningthouja dynasty. He was coronated in the Kangla of Kangleipak (" realm") in 33 AD. He rose to power after defeating the Khabas. +According to Paratt, before the times of king Nongda Lairen Pakhangba, the "salai"s () were already in existence. +Nongda Lairen Pakhangba started unifying the warring ethnic groups and principality groups positively. It led to the formation of Manipur realm, under the political supremacy of the Ningthouja dynasty (Mangang clan) in the first century AD. Despite the historical context, with the usage of the title "Pakhangba", he was often deified with various mythological tales, revolving around his identity as a human incarnation of God Pakhangba (frequently mentioned in the alias "Konjil Tuthokpa"). +According to Sujit Mukherjee, Nongda Lairen Pakhangba ruled from 33 AD to 54 AD ("21 years of reign"). The Cheitharol Kumbaba also recorded the list of Meitei kings, starting from Nongda Lairen Pakhangba. The record has several versions. However, the most authentic record is the one that is preserved in the Royal Palace of Manipur. The information on the Cheitharol Kumbaba is supplemented by that in the , which also records the details of the Meitei kings, starting from Nongda Lairen Pakhangba, regarding their parentage and important events in their reigns. +According to Prof. P. Gunindra Singh, coins were issued by Nongda Lairen Pakhangba, which served as one of the significant evidences relevant to the study of the subject. +One of the most remarkable historical events occurred during the times of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba was the organising of a match of polo () sports, played by his friends, in the (), the oldest Polo Ground in the world. +Name. +The name "Pakhangpa" () was mentioned in the ancient Meitei text, named the "Thanglon Thangchat". However, due to the given name "Pakhangba", being possessed by multiple historical personalities in ancient times, the identity of the "Pakhangba" mentioned in the text is questionable. Notably, there were four notable people named "Pakhangba", who are (1) "Leinung Lonja Ariba Pakhangba", (2) "Tangja Leela Pakhangba", (3) "Lolang Pakhangba", and (4) "Nongda Lairen Pakhangba" himself. They lived in different times in the history of Manipur. +The title "Pakhangba" is used by the historical kings who are considered to be "enlightened". King Nongta Lailen ("Nongda Lairen") was one among the historical personalities to use the title "Pakhangba". Many scholars compared the usage of the title "Pakhangba" by Meitei kings with that of the title "Buddha", used by the people who are considered to be "The Awakened One" or "The Enlightened One". +King Pakhangba inherited the political powers as he followed the traditional practices of his forefathers and paid respect for his ancestral rituals. +Rise to power. +According to Hareshwar Goshwami's "History of the People of Manipur" as well as the ancient Meitei text , Nongda Lairen Pakhangba subjugated the powers of "Sorarel Ariba Ahum", who were the chiefs of three clans, viz. Chengleis, Luwangs and Nganbas. +Nongda Lairen Pakhangba was challenged by Poireiton, for the throne of the Kangla. In the conflict, the former defeated the latter. With the accession of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba to the throne of the Kangla, other clans including the Chengleis and Khaba Nganbas lost their sovereignty. The Angoms and the Luwangs, though independent, shared their political powers with Nongda Lairen Pakhangba. +Some scholars opined that under the administration of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba, his capital was divided into 4 "pana"s (). The 4 panas include Ahallup Pana, Naharup Pana, Laipham Pana and Khabam Pana. However, some scholars are of the opinion that the "Pana" system is a later interpolation, by stating that "Pana" came into existence during Meitei King Khagemba's era. +Family. +Nongda Lairen Pakhangba's queen consort, Leima Leisana (also called "Laisna"), was a maibi (). Leisana and her brother "Poireiton" had their origin from a distant place in the east. When she and her brother came to the realm of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba, they were accompanied by the Poirei people. She brought two hundred varieties of fruits and vegetables. Legend says that one hundred of the varieties were meant to be cooked and the rest of the hundred were meant to be eaten raw. +Administration. +During the reign of king Nongda Lairen Pakhangba, the "Kuchu" (, /kū.chū/) was established in his kingdom. It was the highest level court (supreme court), having legal jurisdictions over both criminal cases as well as civil cases. The king was the president of the court, and his nobles as well as ministers served as its members. +The "Kuchu" court also used to perform trials of women's cases. The concept of the liberation of women (feminist movement) was already prevalent in that era. The roles of women in their families' decision making processes were considerably significant. +The "Cheirap" ("derived from the word "Cheirak"") was established during the reign of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba in his kingdom. In Meitei language, "Cheirap" (, /cə�i.rap/) means "court". In Meitei language, "Cheirak" (, /cə�i.rak/) means "punishment" or "said of strict control to enforce obedience". +Starting from the era of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba in the 1st century AD, "Pacha Loishang" (also spelled as "Patcha")() was established in Kangleipak. The court protected the women's rights, privileges, rights against immoral trafficks. During his time, his queen consort "Laisna" presided over the court, dealing all women related crimes. +The Lallup system was established during the reign of King Nongda Lairen Pakhangba in his kingdom. The "Lallup" (also spelled as "Lalup") was a practice of forced labor and free labour in services to the sovereign or to the state. +Development of art and culture. +When Nongda Lairen Pakhangba and his queen consort "Laishna" were coronated in 33 AD, the ritual song "Ougri" was sung. "Ougri" ritual song can bring either prosperity or ruination to the civilization. Since then, it became customary to recite "Ougri" during the coronations of every Meitei kings. These recitations of the verses, during the royal coronation of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba in 33 AD, were recorded in the ancient text, "Laisrapham". +During the era of "Nongda Lairen Pakhangba", a court singer named "Leinung Tharuk Asheiba" initiated the performance of the traditional musical instrument Pena. +According to Dr. Yumlembam Gopi, the Ancient Meiteis used to play "khung", a playing instrument, prior to the era of "Nongda Lairen Pakhangba" in 33 AD. The "khung" (, /khuŋ/) is a cone-shaped toy, similar to the top. +The Hiyang Tannaba () festival had been celebrated since the time of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba in his kingdom. +The Mera Hou Chongba (also spelled as "Mera Hao Chonba") was believed to be introduced by Nongda Lairen Pakhangba. It is a festival in which dignitaries from all the ethnic groups assembled together in the Kangla. It is annually celebrated on the 10th day of the Meitei lunar month of "Mera" (October-November interface month). +Official groups of medical care. +During the reigns of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba in the 1st century AD, his younger sister named "Panthoibi", established the "Ametpa Loishang" (). The Loishang () used to perform the treatment and the diagnosis of diseases and sicknesses, including boils, abscesses, ulcers, etc. "Laibi", a post in that office, supervised the procedures. "Metpi"s used to perform delivery and child birth. "Metpi Laibi"s were responsible for the treatment of diseases for the Queen and other imperial consorts. "Metpi Laibi"s always used to accompany the king wherever he went, by bringing medical tools and medicines. The text "Loishangi Thouram Thougal" mentioned about the duties of the Loishang and the "Laibi". The text "Masil" (also spelled as "Masin", ) mentioned about the "Metpi"s and the "Metpi Laibi"s. +Death or dethronement. +Though almost all the scholars have a consensus on the year of the coronation of King Nongda Lairen Pakhangba as AD 33, regarding the year of the end of his reign, which maybe either due to his death or due to being abdicated, is still disputed. +In accordance with Sujit Mukherjee, Nongda Lairen Pakhangba ruled from 33 AD to 54 AD ("21 years of reign"). +Many sources claim that Nongda Lairen Pakhangba ruled from 33 AD to 153 AD (120 years of reign). +Many sources claim that Nongda Lairen Pakhangba ruled from 33 AD to 154 AD (121 years of reign). +AD 54, AD 153 or AD 154 maybe either his year of "death" or "removal from the power of monarchy", which is not confirmed. +Some scientists estimate that in case of the most ideal conditions people can live up to 127 years. This does not exclude the theoretical possibility that in the case of a fortunate combination of mutations there could be a person who lives longer. +Some scientists cautiously suggest that the human body can have sufficient resources to live up to 150 years. +According to Anuradha Dutta and ‎Ratna Bhuyan, Nongda Lairen Pakhangba was murdered and his queen Laisana saved their son, "the prince". +Worship as a god. +In traditional Meitei religion. +Nongda Lairen Pakhangba was considered as an ancestor, later worshipped as a God. Some scholars opined that people of later generations wove mythological stories around him. However, some are of the opinion that he was a God living with the human beings and behaving like a normal human. +According to superstitious people, Pakhangba was a demigod, appearing "divine" in daytime and appearing "humanly" in nighttime. With this, the theory of Meitei kings being of "divine origin" started. The identity of the historical king Pakhangba got mingled up with that of the serpentine dragon god Pakhangba of ancient Meitei mythology and religion. +In Hinduism. +According to Thomas Callan Hodson's "The Meitheis" (1908), with the influence of Hinduism, new mythological tales tainted the identity of King Pakhangba. According to one Hindu lore, King Pakhangba was said to be born to "Enoog Howba Chonoo", who was said to be the wife of Babrubahana, by the end of the Dvapara Yuga ("Dapar Jug") and by the beginning of the Kali Yuga ("Kali Jug"), which is estimated to be around the year 3435. Hindu names were given as aliases to King Pakhangba. For example, "Jobista" (also spelled as "Yavista") was given as a synonym for King Pakhangba. According to another Hindu lore, King Pakhangba was claimed as the grandson of Babruvahana (Arjuna's son) and the son of Sooprabahoo (Babruvahana's son), thereby drawing relationship with the characters in the Mahabharata. +In the 18th century AD, the "Vijay Panchali" (also spelled as "Bijoy Panchali") composed by Shantidas Goswami, a Hindu missionary, attempting to erase the history and the culture of Manipur, projected the land of northeast India's Manipur as the Manipur of the Mahabharata and claimed Babruvahana (Arjuna's son) as the father of King Nongda Lairen Pakhangba, by identifying him as "Yavistha". +Notably, in the year 2020, "A Short History of Manipur", a book written by Rajkumar Jhalajit Singh, was banned from publishing and selling by the author's own family members, because the book misleads the readers that the Manipuris are the descendants of Arjuna of the Mahabharata. +In art and culture. +In the Kangla of Imphal, Manipur, there is an annual flag hoisting ceremony of "Nongda Lairen Pakhangba" organised by Nahanong Kanglei Laining Liklam (NKLL). +Ritual ceremonies are performed and the "Salai Taret Huiyen Lalong Thang-Ta Lup", giving guard of honour, hoists the flag of Nongda Lairen Phakhangba. +The ceremony is performed for the purpose to preserve and promote the indigenous art and culture of Kangleipak. + += = = 1951 Asian Games = = = +The 1951 Asian Games, officially known as the I Asian Games, was a sports event in New Delhi, India. It occurred from 4 to March 11, 1951. There were 57 events from 8 sports and disciplines. + += = = 1954 Asian Games = = = +The 1954 Asian Games, officially known as the II Asian Games, was a sports event in Manila, Philippines. It occurred from May 1 to May 9, 1954. There were 77 events from 8 sports and disciplines. + += = = 1958 Asian Games = = = +The 1958 Asian Games, officially known as the III Asian Games, was a sports event in Tokyo, Japan. It occurred from May 24 to June 1, 1958. There were 112 events from 13 sports and disciplines. + += = = 1962 Asian Games = = = + <ns>0</ns> + <revision> + <parentid>8911361</parentid> + <timestamp>2023-11-26T16:49:38Z</timestamp> + <contributor> + <username>Rathfelder</username> + </contributor> + <comment>−; − using </comment> + <model>wikitext</model> + <format>text/x-wiki</format> +The 1962 Asian Games, officially known as the IV Asian Games, was a sports event in Jakarta, Indonesia. It occurred from 24 August to 4 September 1962. There were 120 events from 13 sports and disciplines. + += = = 1966 Asian Games = = = +The 1966 Asian Games, officially known as the V Asian Games, was a sports event in Bangkok, Thailand. It occurred from December 9 to December 20, 1966. There were 142 events from 16 sports and disciplines. + += = = 1970 Asian Games = = = +The 1970 Asian Games, officially known as the VI Asian Games, was a sports event in Bangkok, Thailand. It occurred from December 9 to December 20, 1970. There were 135 events from 13 sports and disciplines. + += = = 1974 Asian Games = = = +The 1974 Asian Games, officially known as the VII Asian Games, was a sports event in Tehran, Imperial Iran. It occurred from 1 September to 16 September, 1974. There were 200 events from 16 sports and disciplines. + += = = 1978 Asian Games = = = +The 1978 Asian Games, officially known as the VIII Asian Games, was a sports event in Bangkok, Thailand. It occurred from December 9 to December 20, 1978. There were 199 events from 19 sports and disciplines. + += = = 1982 Asian Games = = = +The 1982 Asian Games, officially known as the IX Asian Games, was a sports event in Delhi, India. It occurred from November 19 to December 4, 1982. There were 196 events from 21 sports and disciplines. + += = = 1986 Asian Games = = = +The 1986 Asian Games, officially known as the X Asian Games, was a sports event in Seoul, South Korea. It occurred from 20 September to 5 October, 1986. There were 296 events from 25 sports and disciplines. + += = = 1990 Asian Games = = = +The 1990 Asian Games, also known as the XI Asian Games, was a sports event in Beijing, China. It occurred from 22 September to 7 October, 1990. There were 308 events from 27 sports and disciplines. + += = = 1994 Asian Games = = = +The 1994 Asian Games, also known as the XII Asian Games, was a sports event in Hiroshima, Japan. It occurred from 2 October to 16 October, 1994. There were 337 events from 34 sports and disciplines. + += = = 1998 Asian Games = = = +The 1998 Asian Games, also known as the XIII Asian Games, was a sports event in Bangkok, Thailand. It occurred from 6 December to 20 December, 1998. There were 377 events from 36 sports and disciplines. + += = = 2002 Asian Games = = = +The 2002 Asian Games, also known as the XIV Asian Games, was a sports event in Busan, South Korea. It occurred from 29 September to 14 October, 2002. There were 419 events from 38 sports and disciplines. + += = = 2006 Asian Games = = = +The 2006 Asian Games, also known as the XV Asian Games, was a sports event in Doha, Qatar. It occurred from 1 December to 15 December, 2006. There were 424 events from 39 sports and disciplines. + += = = Illinois's 12th congressional district = = = +Illinois 12th congressional district is a congressional district in the state of Illinois. The district is in parts of Madison county, and all of Alexander, Franklin, Jackson, Jefferson, Monroe, Perry, Pulaski, Randolph, St. Clair, Union and Williamson counties. The people who live in the district elect a person to work for the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Mike Bost. + += = = 2018 Asian Games = = = +The 2018 Asian Games, also known as the XVIII Asian Games, was a sports event in Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia. It occurred from 18 August to 2 September, 2018. There were 465 events from 40 sports and disciplines. + += = = Illinois's 15th congressional district = = = +Illinois's 15th congressional district is a congressional district in the state of Illinois. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Mary Miller. The congressional district is in parts of Bond, Champaign, Ford and Madison counties, and all of Clark, Clay, Clinton, Coles, Crawford, Cumberland, Douglas, Edgar, Edwards, Effingham, Fayette, Gallatin, Hamilton, Hardin, Jasper, Johnson, Lawrence, Marion, Massac, Moultrie, Pope, Richland, Saline, Shelby, Vermilion, Wabash, Washington, Wayne and White counties. + += = = Unhexquadium = = = +Unhexquadium is a radioactive element that has not been discovered. It will have 164 protons and 318 neutrons. Interest in the chemistry of unhexquadium is largely prompted by predictions that the isotope 482Uhq (with 164 protons and 318 neutrons), would be at the center of a possible second island of stability (the first being centered on 306Ubb or 298Fl ). + += = = Pingualuit crater = = = +The Pingualuit crater (; from Inuit "pimple"), is a relatively young impact crater. It is on the Ungava Peninsula in the region of Nord-du-Québec, in Quebec, Canada. +The crater is in diameter, and is estimated to be 1.4 ± 0.1 million years old (Pleistocene). The crater and the surrounding area are now part of Pingualuit National Park. The only species of fish in the crater lake is the Arctic char. +The crater was formerly called the "Chubb Crater" and later the "New Quebec Crater" (). + += = = Viasna Human Rights Centre = = = +The Viasna Human Rights Centre () is a human rights organization from Minsk, Belarus. The organization does help political prisoners and their families. made it in 1996 as a result of the large-scale repression of demonstrations by the government of Alexander Lukashenko. +Ales Bialiatski and other people from the Viasna Human Rights Centre have been tried and arrested for that. For example, on November, 26, 2012, the authorities locked up Bialatski and closed the Minsk house of organization. Amnesty International said that was an open violation of what Belarus needs to do in the human rights field. +From September 2020 to January 2021, these Viasna activists were arrested: Marfa Rabkova, Leanid Sudalenka, Tatsiana Lasitsa, Andrei Chapiuk. They were named political prisoners and got the for 2020. +In July 2021, the office of Viasna and the houses of its people were looked for. Almost all representatives of Viasna who were in Belarus at that time, including Ales Bialiatski, were arrested. It was done as a part of the pogrom of NGOs in Belarus. These people were arrested on the criminal charges of getting riots ready and tax evasion. They were named political prisoners like Rabkova, Sudalenka, Lasitsa, and Chapiuk. +In the winter of 2021–2022, the Belarusian authorities recognized Viasna’s Internet pages as extremist materials, and in August 2023, Viasna was declared an extremist group. Taking part in the activities of an extremist group is a crime in Belarus. + += = = Indiana's 8th congressional district = = = +Indiana's 8th congressional district is a congressional district in the state of Indiana. The counties of Clay, Crawford, Daviess,Dubois, Jasper, Gibson, Greene, Knox, Martin, Owen, Parke, Perry, Pike, Posey, Spencer, Sullivan, Vanderburgh, Vermillion, Vigo, and Warrick. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Larry Buschon. +Election history. + += = = Phouoibi Waron = = = +The Phouoibi Waron () or the Phouoibi Warol () is an old Meitei text (PuYa) written in a period between 13th and 14th century AD. It deals with the life story of the lovers of Phouoibi, the goddess of agricultural crops and harvest in Meitei mythology and religion (Sanamahism). +The story in the text is a very usual product of the agriculture of Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak). Phouoibi is believed to be very fickle in love. She has multiple lovers. Her lovers are generally mortals. She doesn't live with anyone of them forever. She travels from place to place and makes love with many mortals. But she leaves them after some time. She lives with some of her favourite lovers for some time but she leaves them too. The nature of the goddess of agricultural crops and harvest is imagined to be fickle or tricky. This symbolises that wealth isn't a permanent property. It doesn't last long to a certain place. Devastations due to battles and natural disasters were common in ancient times. It is the reason why the paddy goddess was considered to be very irregular in bestowing her favor to the mankind. +The Phouoibi Waron and many other PuYas reveal much about the Meitei rites and rituals of ancient times. These rites and rituals are still widely practiced by the maibas, maibis and others. + += = = Indiana's 9th congressional district = = = +Indiana's 9th congressional district is a congressional district in the state of Indiana. The counties are Brown, Clark, Crawford, Floyd, Harrison, Jackson, Johnson, Lawrence, Monroe, Morgan, Orange, Scott, Washington. The people who live in the district elect a person to represent the district in the United States House of Representatives. The district is currently represented by Republican Troy Hollingsworth. + += = = 704 Hauser = = = +704 Hauser is an American situation comedy television program and a spin-off of "All in the Family". It was the last spin-off from "All in the Family" and aired on television from April 11 to May 9, 1994 on CBS. The show is about an African American family moving into Archie Bunker's old house in the 1990s. The show was created by Norman Lear who also made "All in the Family". People thought "704 Hauser" was not bad but also not very good. But the show was ended early, almost a month after it started. Five episodes were shown on television and the six episode was made but not put on television. +In "All in the Family" Archie Bunker is the conservative parent and his daughter, Gloria Stivic and her husband, Michael Stivic were liberals. In "704 Hauser" it is opposite because the parents in the show are liberal and the son in the show is a conservative. +Home media. +The pilot episode, "Meet the Cumberbatch's", was included as a extra feature on the "All in the Family: The Complete Series" DVD box set put out by Shout! Factory on October 30, 2012. + += = = 1080° Snowboarding = = = +1080° Snowboarding is a video game about snowboarding. It was made in 1998 by Nintendo EAD for the Nintendo 64. It was made again in 2008 for the Virtual Console. The person playing the game has to make a snowboarder jump and do tricks. +Nintendo told people about the game in November 1997. It took 9 months to make the game. It got an award from the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences. The game got a sequel named "1080° Avalanche". It was made in 2003 for the Nintendo GameCube. + += = = Franz Magill = = = +Franz Hermann Anton Magill (August 22, 1900 – April 14, 1972) was a German riding instructor, SS officer and war criminal of the Nazi era. +Background. +Franz Magill was the son of a day laborer. His father bought a small farm in Zuchen in 1908, where Magill graduated from elementary school. He was called up at the end of the First World War and after the end of the war in 1919 he became a volunteer in the Hussar Regiment No. 5 of the Reichswehr. In 1923 he was promoted to sergeant, and again in 1928. In 1929 he passed the riding instructor examination at the riding school in Belgard and, after leaving the Reichswehr, went to the private "German riding school" at Gut Düppel in Berlin as a qualified riding instructor. +After the National Socialists took power in 1933, Magill joined the SS and directed the riding instruction of an SS Reitersturms. In March 1935 he became a full-time SS leader riding instructor at the SS Junker School in Braunschweig and made a career there. At the end of 1935 he was promoted to SS-Hauptsturmführer and, after he joined the NSDAP in 1937 (membership number 4.137.171), to SS-Sturmbannführer on April 20, 1938. +Shortly after the attack on Poland, Magill received the order to set up SS cavalry squadrons in Gut Düppel and, in September 1939, in Lodsch in occupied Poland, then two months later in the Lublin district. There, the basis of the SS skull rider standards (two regiments) formed. In May 1940, Magill received an order from Hermann Fegelein to set up the 2nd SS-Totenkopf-Reiterstandard. Magill was not up to the task. In April 1941 he was recalled as leader of the 2nd regiment and commander of a cavalry division with four squadrons. The regimental leader of the 1st regiment was Hermann Fegelein and the 2nd regiment SS-Sturmbannführer was Heimo Hierthes (1897-1951). In the 1st regiment, Magill's position was held by SS-Sturmbannführer, Gustav Lombard. +References. +Martin Cüppers: Wegbereiter der Shoah. Die Waffen-SS, der Kommandostab Reichsführer-SS und die Judenvernichtung 1939−1945. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 2005 +LG Braunschweig, 20. April 1964. In: Justiz und NS-Verbrechen. Sammlung deutscher Strafurteile wegen nationalsozialistischer Tötungsverbrechen 1945–1966, Bd. XX, bearbeitet von Irene Sagel-Grande, H. H. Fuchs, C. +F. Rüter. Amsterdam: University Press, 1979, Nr. 570, S. 23–105 Verfahrensgegenstand: Massenerschiessung tausender Juden im Pripjetgebiet, darunter mindestens 4500 Juden aus dem Ghetto Pinsk +Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich, 2007, S. 386 + += = = Ali Maâloul = = = +Ali Maâloul (; born 1 January 1990) is a Tunisian football player who plays as a left back for Al Ahly and the Tunisia national team. +He made his debut in the national team hopes April 9, 2011, against Malawi cash match for qualifying for the 2012 Olympics in London. +Maâloul made his international debut for the Tunisia on 6 July 2013 against Morocco. He played his first African Cup in 2015, he participated also in 2017 Africa Cup of Nations. +In June 2018 he was named in Tunisia’s 23-man squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia. + += = = Mortadha Ben Ouanes = = = +Mortadha Ben Ouanes (born 2 July 1994 in Sousse; ) is a Tunisian football player who plays as a left back for étoile sportive du sahel (ESS) and the Tunisia national team. +On September 21, 2019, Ben Ouanes played his first match for the Tunisian national football team, in a friendly against Libya. This match won 1-0 is part of the qualifiers for the 2020 African Nations Championship. + += = = Rubí = = = +Rubí is a municipality of 78,591 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Viladecans = = = +Viladecans is a municipality of 67,197 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Barberà del Vallès = = = +Barberà del Vallès is a municipality of 33,334 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Esplugues de Llobregat = = = +Esplugues de Llobregat is a municipality of 47,150 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Gavà = = = +Gavà is a municipality of 47,057 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Martorell = = = +Martorell is a municipality of 28,772 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Molins de Rei = = = +Molins de Rei is a municipality of 25,940 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Montcada i Reixac = = = +Montcada i Reixac is a municipality of 36,803 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Sant Andreu de la Barca = = = +Sant Andreu de la Barca is a municipality of 27,569 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Begues = = = +Begues is a municipality of 7,300 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Balenyà = = = +Balenyà is a municipality of 3,840 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Pineda de Mar = = = +Pineda de Mar is a municipality of 27,984 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Billancourt, Somme = = = +Billancourt is a commune. It is in the region Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in the north of France. + += = = Armenians in Syria = = = +The Armenians in Syria are citizens of Syria with Armenian descent. +Syria and areas surrounding it have served as a refuge for Armenians who fled from wars and oppressions such as the Armenian genocide. However, there were Armenians in Syria and nearby regions ever since the Byzantine Era. According to the Ministry of Diaspora of Armenia, there are about 100,000 Armenians in Syria, with more than 60,000 of them are in Aleppo. Other estimations from Armenian foundations in Syria range from 70,000 to 80,000. However, since the start of the Syrian Civil War, 16,623 Syrians that are ethnically Armenian have emigrated to Armenia. + += = = Maurice-Arthur-Alphonse Wemaere = = = +Maurice-Arthur-Alphonse Wemaere (1879–1956) was a French colonel who commanded the French 1st Cavalry Brigade during the Battle of Belgium and the Battle of France. + += = = National Assembly (Panama) = = = +The National Assembly of Panama (), formerly the Legislative Assembly of Panama "(Asamblea Legislativa de Panamá)", is the legislative branch of the government of the Republic of Panama. +It is a unicameral legislature, currently made up of 71 members, who serve five-year terms. + += = = Diógenes Vergara = = = +Diógenes Vergara (1970 – 9 February 2021) was a Panamanian politician. He was a Deputy for Partido Revolucionario Democrático from 2014 until 2019. He was born in Panama City, Panama. +Vergara was shot and killed in Panama City on 9 February 2021, aged 50. + += = = Japan national under-23 football team = = = +The Japan national under-23 football team is a national association football youth team of Japan and is controlled by the Japan Football Association. The team won the gold medal at the 2010 Asian Games and were champions in the 2016 AFC U-23 Championship. +Since 1992, it was decided that teams targeting athletes under the age of 23 will participate in the Olympics (additional provisions for overage limits have been added since 1996). + += = = Religious symbol = = = +A religious symbol is a symbol that is used to represent a religion. These include a star and crescent for Islam, a cross for Christianity, and the Star of David for Judaism. Religious symbols have been used by the military in many countries, including the United States military chaplain symbols. + += = = Japan national under-20 football team = = = +The Japan national under-20 football team is a national association football team of Japan and is controlled by the Japan Football Association. + += = = Sinyo Harry Sarundajang = = = +Sinyo Harry Sarundajang (16 January 1945 – 13 February 2021) was an Indonesian politician. He was born in Minahasa, Indonesia. He was a member of the Partai Demokrat. +From 1991 to 2000, Sarundajang was Mayor of Bitung. From 2005 to 2015, he was Governor of North Sulawesi. From 2018 until his death, he was an Ambassador to the Philippines during the Joko Widodo administration. +Sarundajang died on 13 February 2021 at a hospital in Jakarta, aged 76. + += = = Japan national under-17 football team = = = +The Japan national under-17 football team is a national association football youth team of Japan and is controlled by the Japan Football Association. + += = = George Benneh = = = +George Benneh (6 March 1934 – 11 February 2021) was a Ghanaian academic and university administrator. He was the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Ghana, Legon from 1992 to 1996. +Between 1979 and 1981, Benneh was also the Commissioner and Minister of Lands, Natural Resources, Fuel and Power. He also was the Finance minister from May to December 1981. +Benneh died of natural causes at his home in Accra on the 11 February 2021, twenty three days short from his 87th birthday. + += = = Sergeant York = = = +Sergeant York is a 1941 American World War I biographical movie directed by Howard Hawks based on the diary of the same name by Alvin York. It stars Gary Cooper, Walter Brennan, Joan Leslie, George Tobias, Stanley Ridges, Margaret Wycherly, Ward Bond, Noah Beery Jr., June Lockhart, Charles Trowbridge, Harvey Stephens, Joseph Sawyer and was distributed by Warner Bros.. It was nominated for 11 Oscars and won 2 Academy Awards in 1942. + += = = Japan women's national under-20 football team = = = +The Japan women's national under-20 football team is a national association football youth team of Japan and is controlled by the Japan Football Association. +The nickname of Japan women's national under-20 football team is the Young Nadeshiko (�������). + += = = Ezhar Cezairli = = = +Ezhar Cezairli (1962 – February 2021) was a Turkish-born dentist and politician. She was a member of the Christian Democratic Union. In 2011, she was elected to the Frankfurt City Council. Cezairli was born in Antakya, Turkey. +Cezairli died in February 2021 in Frankfurt, aged 58. + += = = Japan women's national under-17 football team = = = +The Japan women's national under-17 football team is a national association football youth team of Japan and is controlled by the Japan Football Association. + += = = Bukhari Daud = = = +Bukhari Daud (25 October 1959 – 11 February 2021) was an Indonesian English teacher and politician. He became the Regent of Aceh Besar from 2007 until 2012. Daud was born in Aceh Besar, Indonesia. +Daud died on 11 February 2021 at a hospital in the Aceh Besar Regency from problems caused by a heart attack, aged 61. + += = = Aceh Besar Regency = = = +Great Aceh Regency is a regency of the Indonesian province of Aceh. In 2010, 351,418 people lived here. The seat of the Regency government is the town of Jantho. + += = = To Have and Have Not = = = +To Have and Have Not is a 1944 American World War II romantic adventure movie directed by Howard Hawks and was based on the 1937 novel of the same name by Ernest Hemingway. It stars Humphrey Bogart, Lauren Bacall, Walter Brennan, Dolores Moran, Hoagy Carmichael, Sheldon Leonard, Walter Surovy and was distributed by Warner Bros.. + += = = Javier Neves = = = +Javier Neves Mujica (1953 – 11 February 2021) was a Peruvian politician. He was Minister of Labor and Promotion of Employment from 2004 to 2005 during the Alejandro Toledo administration. He was born in Lima, Peru. +Neves died of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru in Lima on 11 February 2021, aged 67. + += = = National Assembly (Tanzania) = = = +The National Assembly of Tanzania () and the President of the United Republic make up the Parliament of Tanzania. The current Speaker of the National Assembly is Job Ndugai. It is a unicameral assembly, meaning it is the only chamber of parliament in the country. There are 393 members. + += = = Warner Records = = = +Warner Records Inc. (formerly Warner Bros. Records Inc.) is an American record label owned by Warner Music Group. It is headquartered in Los Angeles, California. It was founded in 1958 as part of Warner Bros. + += = = The Maltese Falcon = = = +The Maltese Falcon is a 1941 American mystery movie directed by first time director John Huston and is the third adaption of the 1930 novel of the same name by Dashiell Hammett. It stars Humphrey Bogart, Mary Astor, Gladys George, Peter Lorre, Barton MacLaine, Lee Patrick, Sydney Greenstreet, Ward Bond, Jerome Cowan and was distributed by Warner Bros.. It was nominated for three Academy Awards in 1942. + += = = Atashasta Justus Nditiye = = = +Atashasta Justus Nditiye (17 October 1969 – 12 February 2021) was a Tanzanian politician. He is a member of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM). At the time of his death he was the Deputy Minister for Works, Transport and Communication Responsible for Communication. He was a member of the National Assembly from 2015 until his death. +Nditiye was killed in a car crash on 12 February 2021 in Dodoma, Tanzania at the age of 51. + += = = Celso Güity = = = +Celso Fredy Güity Núñez (13 July 1957 – 12 February 2021) was a Honduran football forward. He played for the national team eleven times and in the 1982 FIFA World Cup. Güity played six years for Marathón and also had a season at Sula. He was born in Tegucigalpa, Honduras. +Güity died on 12 February 2021 in Miami, Florida from cancer at the age of 63. + += = = Antonio Giménez-Rico = = = +Antonio Giménez-Rico Sáenz de Cabezón (20 November 1938 – 12 February 2021) was a Spanish movie director and screenwriter. He was born in Burgos, Spain. His best known works were "Retrato de Familia" (1976), "El disputado voto del Sr. Cayo" (1986) and "Jarrapellejos" (1987). +Giménez-Rico died on 12 February 2021 in Madrid, aged 82. + += = = Forty-Ninth Parallel = = = +Forty-Ninth Parallel is a 1941 British Canadian World War II drama movie directed by Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger. It stars Leslie Howard, Laurence Olivier, Anton Walbrook, Raymond Massey, Glynis Johns, Eric Portman, Charles Rolfe, Charles Victor and won an Academy Award in 1943 and was nominated for 3 others. + += = = Tianwen-1 = = = +Tianwen-1 (TW-1; ) is a space mission by the China National Space Administration (CNSA) to send a robotic spacecraft to Mars. It carries an orbiter, deployable camera, lander and rover. +The mission was successfully launched from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site on 23 July 2020 on a Long March 5 heavy-lift launch vehicle and is currently in orbit around Mars, having reached planetary orbit on 10 February 2021. +On 14 May 2021, the rover landed on Mars, making China the fourth country to land a spacecraft on the planet and only the second to land a rover. + += = = Xander Berkeley = = = +Alexander Harper "Xander" Berkeley (born December 16, 1955) is an American actor. He is best known for his television roles as George Mason on "24", Sheriff Thomas McAllister on "The Mentalist", Percy Rose on "Nikita", the Man on "The Booth at the End" and Gregory on "The Walking Dead". +His movie roles include Christopher Crawford in "Mommie Dearest", Todd Voight in "", Trevor Lyle in "Candyman", Ralph in "Heat", Agent Gibbs in "Air Force One" and Dr. Lamar in "Gattaca". + += = = Sarah Clarke = = = +Sarah Clarke (born February 16, 1972) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Nina Myers on "24", and also for her roles as Renée Dwyer in the 2008 movie "Twilight" and CIA Agent Lena Smith on the USA Network show "Covert Affairs". + += = = The Pride of the Yankees = = = +The Pride of the Yankees is a 1942 American biographical drama movie directed by Sam Wood and starring Gary Cooper, Teresa Wright, Walter Brennan, Babe Ruth, Bill Dickey, Dan Duryea, Pierre Watkin, Hardie Albright, Addison Richards, Edward Fielding. It was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures and was nominated for 11 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1943. + += = = Random Harvest = = = +Random Harvest is a 1942 American romantic drama movie directed by Mervyn LeRoy and was based on the 1941 novel of the same name by James Hilton. It stars Ronald Coleman, Greer Garson, Susan Peters, Philip Dorn, Henry Travers, Reginald Owen, Bramwell Fletcher, Alan Napier, Margaret Wycherly, Melville Cooper, Jill Esmond and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for 7 Academy Awards in 1943. + += = = Bucking Broadway = = = +Bucking Broadway is a 1917 American western movie directed by John Ford and starring Harry Carey, Molly Malone, L. M. Wells, Vester Pegg, and Gertrude Astor. + += = = 1992 King Fahd Cup = = = +1992 King Fahd Cup was the first King Fahd Cup tournament. It took place in Saudi Arabia from 15 October to 20 October. Argentina won the tournament after defeating Saudi Arabia. United States got third place. + += = = 1997 FIFA Confederations Cup = = = +1997 FIFA Confederations Cup was the first FIFA Confederations Cup tournament. The tournament had previously been played in 1992 and 1995 as the King Fahd Cup. It took place in Saudi Arabia from 12 to 21 December. Brazil won the tournament after defeating Australia. Czech Republic got third place. + += = = Milford Graves = = = +Milford Graves, (August 20, 1941 – February 12, 2021) was an American jazz drummer and percussionist. He was born in New York City. He was known for his early avant-garde works in the 1960s with Paul Bley, Albert Ayler, and the New York Art Quartet. +Graves died of heart failure in New York City on February 12, 2021 at the age of 79. + += = = 1999 FIFA Confederations Cup = = = +1999 FIFA Confederations Cup was the 4th FIFA Confederations Cup tournament. It took place in Mexico from 24 July to 4 August. The host, Mexico won the tournament after defeating Brazil. United States got third place. + += = = 2001 FIFA Confederations Cup = = = +2001 FIFA Confederations Cup was the 5th FIFA Confederations Cup tournament. It took place in South Korea and Japan from 30 May to 10 June. France won the tournament after defeating Japan. Australia got third place. + += = = Albert Ayler = = = +Albert Ayler (; July 13, 1936 – November 25, 1970) was an American avant-garde jazz saxophonist, singer and composer. +His trio and quartet records of 1964, such as "Spiritual Unity" and "The Hilversum Session" were one of his best known works. +Ayler disappeared on November 5, 1970, and he was found dead in New York City's East River on November 25. His death was ruled a suicide. There were rumors that the mafia killed him. + += = = 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup = = = +2003 FIFA Confederations Cup was the 6th FIFA Confederations Cup tournament. It took place in France from 18 June to 29 June. The host, France won the tournament after defeating Cameroon. Turkey got third place. + += = = 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup = = = +2009 FIFA Confederations Cup was the 8th FIFA Confederations Cup tournament. It took place in South Africa from 14 June to 28 June. Brazil won the tournament after defeating United States. Spain got third place. + += = = 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup = = = +2013 FIFA Confederations Cup was the 9th FIFA Confederations Cup tournament. It took place in Brazil from 15 to 30 June. The host, Brazil won the tournament after defeating Spain. Italy got third place. + += = = 1999 Copa América = = = +1999 Copa América was the 39th Copa América tournament and it took place in Paraguay. Brazil won the tournament. + += = = The Pied Piper (1942 movie) = = = +The Pied Piper is a 1942 American World War II drama movie directed by Irving Pichel and was based on the novel of the same name by Nevil Shute. It stars Monty Woolley, Roddy McDowall, Anne Baxter, Otto Preminger, J. Carrol Naish, Lester Matthews, Jill Esmond and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1943. + += = = 2019 Copa América = = = +2019 Copa América was the 46th Copa América tournament and it took place in Brazil. The host, Brazil won the tournament. + += = = The Magnificent Ambersons (movie) = = = +The Magnificent Ambersons is a 1942 American drama movie directed by Orson Welles and was based on the 1918 novel of the same name by Booth Tarkington. It stars Joseph Cotten, Dolores Costello, Anne Baxter, Tim Holt, Agnes Moorehead, Erskine Sanford and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. It was nominated for 4 Academy Awards in 1943. + += = = Flirtation Walk = = = +Flirtation Walk is a 1934 American romantic musical drama movie directed by Frank Borzage and starring Dick Powell, Ruby Keeler, Pat O'Brien, Don Ameche, Ross Alexander, John Arledge, John Eldredge, Henry O'Neill. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1935. + += = = Jing Tian = = = + use both this parameter and |birth_date to display the person's date of birth, date of death, and age at death) --> +Jing Tian (, born 21 July 1988) is a Chinese actress. She is known for her roles in war epic "The Warring States" (2011) and the action movies "Special ID" and "Police Story 2013" (both in 2013). She also starred in "The Great Wall" (2016), ' (2017), and ' (2018). + += = = Black Lives Matter Plaza = = = +Black Lives Matter Plaza (officially Black Lives Matter Plaza Northwest) is a two-block-long pedestrian section of 16th Street NW in Downtown Washington, D.C. +The plaza was renamed by Mayor Muriel Bowser on June 5, 2020, after the Department of Public Works painted the words "Black Lives Matter" in yellow capital letters, along with the flag of Washington, D.C., as part of the George Floyd protests. + += = = The Eternal Sea = = = +The Eternal Sea is a 1955 American war movie directed by John H. Auer and starring Sterling Hayden, Alexis Smith, Ben Cooper, Dean Jagger, Virginia Grey, Hayden Rorke, Douglas Kennedy, Louis Jean Heydt, Richard Crane, Morris Ankrum, Frank Ferguson. It was distributed by Republic Pictures. + += = = Football at the 1956 Summer Olympics = = = +1956 Football at the Summer Olympics was held in Australia from 24 November to 8 December. + += = = Football at the 1964 Summer Olympics = = = +1964 Football at the Summer Olympics was held in Japan from 11 to 23 October. + += = = Football at the 1968 Summer Olympics = = = +1968 Football at the Summer Olympics was held in Mexico from 13 to 26 October. + += = = Football at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament = = = +1996 Football at the Summer Olympics was held in the United States from July 20 to August 3. + += = = Football at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament = = = +2000 Football at the Summer Olympics was held in Australia from 15 to 30 September. + += = = Football at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament = = = +The 2004 Football at the Summer Olympics was held in Greece from 11 to 28 August. + += = = In Which We Serve = = = +In Which We Serve is a 1942 British World War II movie directed by first time director David Lean and starring Noël Coward, Bernard Miles, John Mills, Celia Johnson, Joyce Carey, Kay Walsh, Michael Wilding, Leslie Dwyer, James Donald, Richard Attenborough, Kathleen Harrison, Daniel Massey, Juliet Mills. It was distributed by United Artists and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1944. + += = = Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament = = = +2008 Football at the Summer Olympics was held in China from 7 to 23 August. + += = = Chada Laihui = = = +The Chada Laihui () is a historical document (puya), about the genealogy of the Meitei kings from their mothers' sides. It traces the genealogical account of the kings' mothers' lineage. It is a supplementary reader to the Cheitharol Kumbaba, the foremost royal chronicle of Manipur. + += = = Football at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament = = = +2016 Football at the Summer Olympics was held in Brazil from 4 to 20 August. + += = = Henry V (1944 movie) = = = +Henry V is a 1944 British historical drama movie directed by first time director Laurence Olivier (who also stars) and was based on the play of the same name by William Shakespeare. It also stars Renée Asherson, Robert Newton, Leslie Banks, Felix Aylmer, Robert Helpmann, Gerald Case, George Cole, Freda Jackson, Ralph Truman, Roy Emerton, George Robey and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for 4 Academy Awards in 1947. + += = = Toreirol Lambuba = = = +"Toreirol Lambuba" () is an ancient veritable account (puya) of toponyms and descriptions of nomenclature of the places, particularly located on the river banks. Beginning with the epic adventure of Yoimongba and Taothingmang, the two Meitei princes in the 3rd century AD and place names formed thereon, the work diverges to recount the background of other places historically associated with different communities or clan dynasties till the reign of Poirei Khunjaoba in the 17th century AD. + += = = Football at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament = = = +1996 Football at the Summer Olympics was held in the United States from July 21 to August 1. + += = = Football at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament = = = +2004 Football at the Summer Olympics was held in Greece from 11 to 26 August. + += = = Sakok Lamlen = = = +Sakok Lamlen (), also spelt Shakok Lamlen (), is an ancient religious text (puya) of the indigenous Meitei religion and is a sequel to the myth expounded in the Leithak Leikharol. It is considered to be the Upanishad of the Meitei religion. +It is one of the historical texts, which mention about the different names of Ancient Manipur. +According to it, Kangla was the capital of the Meitei ethnicity in Ancient Manipur and it was also known as Leimakon Kangla Nongthon Phambiron. It was constructed over the navel of the serpent god Taoroinai. +It also mentions about the history of the festival celebrated during the reign of Meitei king Irengba in the tenth century AD. + += = = 1988 AFC Asian Cup = = = +1988 AFC Asian Cup was held in Qatar from 2 to 18 December. + += = = 1992 AFC Asian Cup = = = +1992 AFC Asian Cup was held in Japan from 29 October to 8 November. + += = = 1996 AFC Asian Cup = = = +1996 AFC Asian Cup was held in the United Arab Emirates from 4 to 21 December. + += = = 2000 AFC Asian Cup = = = +2000 AFC Asian Cup was held in Lebanon from 12 to 29 October. + += = = Rhea County, Tennessee = = = +Rhea County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 32,870 people lived there. The county seat is Dayton. + += = = 2004 AFC Asian Cup = = = +2004 AFC Asian Cup was held in China from 17 July to 7 August. + += = = Scott County, Tennessee = = = +Scott County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 21,850 people lived there. The county seat is Huntsville. + += = = Sequatchie County, Tennessee = = = +Sequatchie County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 15,826 people lived there. The county seat is Dunlap. + += = = Stewart County, Tennessee = = = +Stewart County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 13,657 people lived there. The county seat is Dover. + += = = Dreamcast homebrew = = = +Sega stopped making the Dreamcast in 2001 and released the console's last official game, Karous, in 2007. Unofficial programs continue to come out for the console, many of them being games. Unlike unofficial games for other consoles, many of these games are developed by teams, and cost money. +Developers and publishers. +There are some well-known developers for the Dreamcast. Some of them are: +Games. +"Here are some of the games:" + += = = Trousdale County, Tennessee = = = +Trousdale County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 11,615 people lived there. The county seat is Hartsville. + += = = Van Buren County, Tennessee = = = +Van Buren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 6,168 people lived there. The county seat is Spencer. + += = = Washington County, Tennessee = = = +Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 133,001 people lived there. The county seat is Jonesborough. + += = = Weakley County, Tennessee = = = +Weakley County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 32,902 people lived there. The county seat is Dresden. + += = = White County, Tennessee = = = +White County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 27,351 people lived there. The county seat is Sparta. + += = = Wilson County, Tennessee = = = +Wilson County is a county in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 147,737 people lived there. The county seat is Lebanon. + += = = 2007 AFC Asian Cup = = = +2007 AFC Asian Cup were held in Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia from 7 to 29 July. + += = = 2011 AFC Asian Cup = = = +2011 AFC Asian Cup was held in Qatar from 7 to 29 January. + += = = 2015 AFC Asian Cup = = = +2015 AFC Asian Cup was held in Australia from 9 to 31 January. + += = = 2019 AFC Asian Cup = = = +2019 AFC Asian Cup was held in United Arab Emirates from 5 January to 1 February. + += = = Mario Draghi = = = +Mario Draghi (; born 3 September 1947) is an Italian economist, central banker and politician. He was the Prime Minister of Italy from 2021 to 2022. +He was President of the European Central Bank from 2011 until 2019. Draghi was also the Chair of the Financial Stability Board from 2009 to 2011 and Governor of the Bank of Italy from 2005 to 2011. +He has been nicknamed "Super Mario" by some media for his leadership during the Eurozone crisis. +On 3 February 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Draghi was invited by Italian President Sergio Mattarella to form a government of national unity after the resignation of Giuseppe Conte. Draghi was sworn in as Prime Minister on 11 February 2022. He has been a popular prime minister among public opinion and "The Economist" named Italy as 'Country of the Year' because of the Draghi leadership. +On 14 July 2022, Draghi announced his resignation as Prime Minister of Italy, after the Five Star Movement withdrew from his national unity government; however his resignation is rejected by President Sergio Mattarella. Eight days later on 22 July, Draghi announced his resignation for the second time with Mattarella accepting his resignation. Draghi remained in office as caretaker prime minister, until the formation of a new government following the general election in October 2022. He was replaced by Giorgia Meloni. + += = = Todd Gloria = = = +Todd Rex Gloria (born May 10, 1978) is an American politician. He is the 37th Mayor of San Diego, California since 2020. He is a member of the Democratic Party. +He is the first person of color and the first openly gay person to be San Diego's mayor. + += = = Oxnard Airport = = = +Oxnard Airport is a county-owned, public airport a mile west of downtown Oxnard, in Ventura County, California. +The airport has not had scheduled passenger service since June 8, 2010. + += = = Shandon, California = = = +Shandon is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Luis Obispo County, California, United States. At the 2020 census, 1,168 people lived in Shandon. + += = = 1991 FIFA Women's World Cup = = = +1991 FIFA Women's World Cup was held in China from 16 to 30 November. + += = = 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup = = = +1995 FIFA Women's World Cup was held in Sweden from 5 to 18 June. + += = = Alberto Oliart = = = +Alberto Carlos Oliart Saussol (29 July 1928 – 13 February 2021) was a Spanish politician and executive. He was born in Mérida, Spain. He was a member of the Union of the Democratic Centre. +From 1979 to 1982, Oliart was a Member of the Congress of Deputies. He was the Minister of Health from 1980 to 1981 and Minister of Defence from 1981 to 1982. Oliart was a cabinet member during the Adolfo Suárez and Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo governments. +From 2009 to 2011, he was Chair of RTVE. +Oliart died of COVID-19 on 13 February 2021 in Madrid, aged 92. + += = = Carlo Wagner = = = +Carlo Wagner (3 July 1953 – 12 February 2021) was a Luxembourgian politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was Mayor of Wormeldange and as a member of the Chamber of Deputies between 1994 and 1999 and between 2004 and 2013. He was also the Minister of Health under the Jean-Claude Juncker ministry between 1999 and 2004. +Wagner died at the age of 67 on 12 February 2021. + += = = RTVE = = = +The Corporación de Radio y Televisión Española, S.A. ("Spanish Radio and Television Corporation"; RTVE) is the state-owned public corporation that became the management of the Spanish public radio and television service in 2007. + += = = Rosa María Mateo = = = +Rosa María Mateo Isasi (born 6 January 1942) is a Spanish journalist and television news anchor. She is known for her reporting during the Transition to Democracy period in Spain. +Since July 2018, she is the Provisional Sole Administrator of RTVE, the national public radio and television media. + += = = 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup = = = +1999 FIFA Women's World Cup was held in United States from 19 June to 10 July. + += = = Boxborough, Massachusetts = = = +Boxborough is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 5,506 at the 2020 census. + += = = Bitung = = = +Bitung is a city on the northern coast of the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia. It is in the province of North Sulawesi. It is known for having a large amount of marine life. Bitung has a population of 187,932 at the 2010 Census. + += = = Manado = = = +Manado () is the capital city of the Indonesian province of North Sulawesi. It is the second largest city in Sulawesi after Makassar, with 1.2 million living in the metropolitan area as of 2018. The city is located near the Bay of Manado. + += = = Gorontalo (city) = = = +Gorontalo is a city and the capital of the Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. It is on the island of Sulawesi. The city has an area of 64.79 km2 and a population of 179,991 at the 2010 Census. + += = = 1975 AFC Women's Championship = = = +1975 AFC Women's Championship was held in Hong Kong from 25 August to 3 September. + += = = Tutenglon = = = +"Tutenglon" () is an ancient Meitei text, based on the saga of the two Meitei princes, Yoimongba and Taothingmang, who took upon themselves the superhuman task of dredging the channels of the biggest and the longest rivers in Manipur, the Iril and the Imphal. It also describes about the flood that happened during the reign of king Ngangoi Yoimongba in Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak). The text also mentions that Yoimongba and Taothingmang are the two sons and Lairoklembi is a daughter of Meitei king Khuyoi Tompok. Princess Lairoklembi was married to the chief of Koubru. + += = = 1977 AFC Women's Championship = = = +1977 AFC Women's Championship was held in Republic of China from 2 to 11 August. + += = = 1979 AFC Women's Championship = = = +1979 AFC Women's Championship was held in India from 11 to 20 January in 1980. + += = = 1981 AFC Women's Championship = = = +1981 AFC Women's Championship was held in Hong Kong from 7 to 17 June. + += = = 1983 AFC Women's Championship = = = +1983 AFC Women's Championship was held in Thailand from 10 to 17 April. + += = = Hijan Hirao = = = +"Hijan Hirao" (), also spelt as "Hichan Hilao" (), is a Meitei poetry text (puya), about the cutting down of a tree and crafting it into a boat. The poetic verse of the text is sung at the end of the religious festival of Lai Haraoba. + += = = 1986 AFC Women's Championship = = = +1986 AFC Women's Championship was held in Hong Kong from 14 to 23 December. + += = = 1989 AFC Women's Championship = = = +1989 AFC Women's Championship was held in Hong Kong from 18 to 29 December. + += = = 1991 AFC Women's Championship = = = +1991 AFC Women's Championship was held in Japan from 26 May to 8 June. + += = = 1993 AFC Women's Championship = = = +1993 AFC Women's Championship was held in Malaysia from 3 to 12 December. + += = = 1995 AFC Women's Championship = = = +1995 AFC Women's Championship was held in Malaysia from 23 September to 2 October. + += = = Guy Parmelin = = = +Guy Parmelin (born 9 November 1959) is a Swiss politician. He has been a Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 2016. He was the President of the Swiss Confederation in 2021. He is a member of the Swiss People's Party. + += = = Karin Keller-Sutter = = = +Karin Keller-Sutter (born 22 December 1963) is a Swiss politician and the Vice President of Switzerland in 2024. She has been a Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 2019. She is a member of FDP.The Liberals. + += = = Dompierre-Becquincourt = = = +Dompierre-Becquincourt is a commune. It is in the region Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in the north of France. + += = = Palos Park, Illinois = = = +Palos Park is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Orland Hills, Illinois = = = +Orland Hills is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Park Forest, Illinois = = = +Park Forest is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Jeanette Maus = = = +Jeanette Maus (June 14, 1981 - January 24, 2021) was an American actress, filmmaker and producer. She was known for "Charm City Kings" (2020), "Dismissed" (2017) and "Your Sister's Sister" (2011). She is also recognized for providing her voice in the video game in Capcom's "Resident Evil Village" (2021). +Jeanette Maus, also has appearances in film and television productions. They are, Frayed, The Immaculate Conception of Little Dizzle, and Those Guys, and for having served as producer and director on various short films. +She was diagnosed with colorectal cancer in April 2020. She died from the disease on January 24, 2021, age thirty-nine. + += = = Irish pound = = = +The Irish pound (Irish: "punt Éireannach)" was the official currency of Ireland until 2002. Its ISO 4217 code was IEP, and the usual prefix was £, or IR£ where there might be confusion between the Pound sterling and other pound currencies. The Irish pound was replaced by the Euro on 1 January 1999, but it didn't begin circulation until the beginning of 2002. + += = = Sana Nuestra Tierra (album) = = = +Sana Nuestra Tierra is the twenty-first album released by Christian singer Marcos Witt. The album was recorded live from Houston, Texas. This album was winner of the Latin Grammy for Best Christian album. +Credits. +Producers: +Executive Producer: +Arrangers: +Worship Leader: +Musicians: +Vocalists: +Engineer: + += = = Tutnese = = = +Tutnese or Double Dutch is a language game primarily used in English, although the rules can be easily modified to apply to almost any language. Tutnese is usually used by children, who use it to converse in privacy from adults; by members of historically marginalized minority groups for the same reason when in the presence of authority figures such as police ("pupolulisus" or "pizolizice"); or simply for amusement and humor. + += = = Les Costes = = = +Les Costes is a former commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. It is now part of Aubessagne. +Transport. +Road. +The D23, D123A and D323 roads pass through the commune. + += = = Courage of Lassie = = = +Courage of Lassie is a 1946 American drama movie directed by Fred M. Wilcox and is the third movie in the Lassie series. It stars Elizabeth Taylor, Frank Morgan, Selena Royle, Catherine McLeod, Frank Morgan, Tom Drake, Garry Owen, Harry Davenport and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. + += = = Great Expectations (movie) = = = +Great Expectations is a 1946 British drama movie directed by David Lean and was based on the 1861 novel of the same name by Charles Dickens. It stars John Mills, Alec Guinness, Valerie Hobson, Finlay Currie, Bernard Miles, Freda Jackson, Jean Simmons, Ivor Barnard, Everley Gregg and was distributed by Universal Pictures. It was nominated for 5 Oscars and won 2 Academy Awards in 1948. + += = = Premià de Mar = = = +Premià de Mar is a municipality of 28,531 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Dosrius = = = +Dosrius is a municipality of 5,652 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Ripollet = = = +Ripollet is a municipality of 39,179 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Sant Adrià de Besòs = = = +Sant Adrià de Besòs is a municipality of 37,447 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Sant Feliu de Llobregat = = = +Sant Feliu de Llobregat is a municipality of 45,467 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Sant Just Desvern = = = +Sant Just Desvern is a municipality of 18,670 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Sant Joan Despí = = = +Sant Joan Despí is a municipality of 34,267 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Sant Pere de Ribes = = = +Sant Pere de Ribes is a municipality of 31,111 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Castellar del Riu = = = +Castellar del Riu is a municipality of 176 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Guixers = = = +Guixers is a municipality of 132 people (2020). It is in the province of Lleida in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Fégréac = = = +Fégréac is a commune of 2,445 people (2017). It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. + += = = Kutno = = = +Kutno is a town in Łódź Voivodeship in Poland. In 2019, 43,911 people lived there. + += = = Börger = = = +Börger is a municipality in the Emsland district in Lower Saxony, Germany. + += = = Wi-Fi deauthentication attack = = = +A Wi-Fi deauthenticatoon attack is a kind of denial of service attack that can be used in certain wireless networks. In a Wi-Fi network, devices such as computers communicate with a wireless access point. To get an iP address, each devices needs to be authenticated, so the access point knows the device. In this context, there also is a frame (or a command) that tells a device that it is no longer authenticated. As the protocol does not require these frames to be encrypted, an attacker can simply send such a command to deconnect a device. The attacker only needs to know the MAC address of the victim. This address is sent unencrypted with each frame. + += = = Sequence diagram = = = +In the Unified Modelling Language, a sequence diagram shows the interaction between different systems. It is one of the four diagram types UML defines. Usually, it shows how objects exchange messages. + += = = Ihwan Datu Adam = = = +Ihwan Datu Adam (10 October 1964 – 28 January 2021) was an Indonesian politician who became the Vice Regent of North Penajam Paser from 2003 until 2007, member of the Regional People's Representative Council of East Kalimantan from 2009 until 2012, and as the member of the People's Representative Council from 2017 until 2019. Ihwan and Yusran was inaugurated a month after the elections. He was born in Makassar, South Sulawesi. +Ihwan died on 25 January 2021 in Jakarta at the age of 56. + += = = 1997 AFC Women's Championship = = = +1997 AFC Women's Championship was held in China from 5 to 14 December. + += = = 1999 AFC Women's Championship = = = +1999 AFC Women's Championship was held in Philippines from 7 to 21 November. + += = = 2001 AFC Women's Championship = = = +2001 AFC Women's Championship was held in Chinese Taipei from 4 to 16 December. + += = = 2003 AFC Women's Championship = = = +2003 AFC Women's Championship was held in Thailand from June 8 to 21. + += = = Konthoujam Tampha Lairembi = = = +Konthoujam Tampha Lairembi () or Chingphuron Konthousu () is a goddess in Meitei mythology and religion (Sanamahism) of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). She began as a human being in the Haorok Konthou group (Konthoujam clan). She is the wife of the sky god Salailen (alias Soraren). Her only child is Khoriphaba. +Mythology. +Konthoujamba and Konthoujambi were a couple with no child. They consulted maibas but the maibas could not help them have a child. They prayed to God Salailen, the King of Heaven, to help them. God Salailen heard their prayer and told the goddess Imoinu to help the couple. Goddess Imoinu implanted herself into the womb of Lady Konthoujambi. +When Konthoujambi was pregnant with a 3 month old fetus, God Salailen instructed her that her child will be His wife in the future. Later, Konthoujambi gave birth to a baby girl. The couple named their daughter "Chingphulon Konthousu" (later known as "Tampha"). +As Chingphulon Konthousu grew up, she was known for her beauty and gentleness. She used to go to woods, lakes and open meadows for fun. One day, while Tampha was out in an open field with her friends, a strong wind blew. Tampha was lifted up by a whirlwind towards the sky. Her friends could do nothing but watch. The wind took her to heaven, the abode of Salailen. He was waiting for her. +Tampha was unhappy about being far away from her parents and friends. To please her, Salailen promised her that the people of her native place would attain immortality and be safe from all diseases. Still, her parents, family and friends cried for the loss of her. Salailen told them that Tampha was safe with him. He told them about the promises he kept to her. Many years had passed and Salailen and Tampha had a son. She and Salailen named their son Khoriphaba. +Tampha's parents wanted to see her. So they planned to meet her. Men went on a hunting expedition with their hunting dogs across the Thangjing Hills. Unfortunately, they could not catch even one animal. The tired hunters rested under the shade of a tree. Meanwhile, one of their favorite hunting dogs wandered away. The dog saw a large python sitting in sun. It barked at the python. The python killed it. Later, the hunters found the dead dog and carried it home. They prepared a funeral for the dog. The smoke from the funeral rose up towards the sky. +Up in Heaven, Tampha saw the smoke rising from her native place. She knew it was for a funeral. She worried about her people. Perhaps someone had died even though Salailen had promised to keep them safe from disease. She asked Salailen about his promises. Salailen told her that the funeral was only for a dog. She did not believe him and wanted to see her parents. Reluctantly, Salailen allowed her to meet people under some conditions. She should leave only after their son Khoriphaba had gone to sleep and should come back before he woke up. Also, she should not consume any earthly foods or drinks. Then, he placed a golden ladder (or "golden stairs" in another version) for her to climb down. She landed on the Thangjing Hill and then went to Konthoujam, her native land. She met her near and dear ones. Her mother offered Tampha delicious foods. +Tampha did not accept her mother's offers. However, her mother caught hold of her and tried to force her to eat. Tampha told her mother of the conditions with which she was leaving heaven to meet them on earth. Then, her mother arranged a shade with seven layers of false ceiling, enclosed by seven layers of drapery. Her plan was to block the vision of Salailen from above. Inside the shades, she served out delicious food for Tampha. Poor Tampha was compelled to eat what her mother had so lovingly prepared for her. But the God Salailen saw it happen even through the drapes. As Tampha started eating, Salailen proclaimed from heaven that she could not come back to his abode. He spat a blob of spit on her hand (or "on her food" in another version). The golden ladder (or "golden stairs" in another version) was also lifted up. Poor Tampha was abandoned from heaven. Salailen also took back his promises of immortality and immunity to disease. +Later, she lived in the outskirts of Konthoujam. Since then, she came to be known as Konthoujam Tampha Lairembi. + += = = 2006 AFC Women's Asian Cup = = = +2006 AFC Women's Asian Cup was held in Australia from 16 to 30 July. + += = = 2008 AFC Women's Asian Cup = = = +2008 AFC Women's Asian Cup was held in Vietnam from 28 May to 8 June. + += = = 2010 AFC Women's Asian Cup = = = +2010 AFC Women's Asian Cup was held in China from 19 to 30 May. + += = = 2018 AFC Women's Asian Cup = = = +2018 AFC Women's Asian Cup was held in Jordan from 6 to 20 April. + += = = Football at the Asian Games = = = +Men's football tournament has been a regular Asian Games sporting event since the 1951 edition, while women's tournament began in 1990. +Men's tournaments. +Summaries. + <br> +1 The title was shared. <br> +2 Saudi Arabia were awarded the third-place playoff by default after the Korea DPR team were handed a two-year suspension for assaulting officials at the end of their semi-final. <br> +3 2022 Asian Games men's qualifying has been postponed due to COVID-19 pandemic +Women's tournaments. +Summaries. +The first women's tournament was held in the 1990 Asian Games. + += = = Nashya Shaikh = = = +The Nashya Shaikh or Nashya Sekh(Bengali: ����� ���) is a Muslim community found in northern parts of the state of West Bengal in India. They are culturally and linguistically similar to both Rangpuri people of northern Bangladesh and Goalpariya people of Assam. A small number of the community are also found in the neighboring state of Bihar, where they are known as the Bengali Shaikh. These people are more commonly known as Rajbongshi Muslims. The Nashya are considered to be an important indigenous group found in northern West Bengal. They are homogeneous with the Koch Rajbongshi people and are bi-linguistic speaking both Bengali language and Koch language with Koch Rajbongshi language being replaced by Bengali language among the newer generations. +Etymology. +There are descendants from Koch-Rajbonshi, Mech, Rabha, Bodo and Indo-Aryan people who converted to Islam. They mainly speak the Goalpariya dialect . They are mainly settled in the districts of Dhuburi, Goalpara, South Salmara and Kokrajhar. These people were loose followers of Hinduism. But when a small section of these people converted to Islam, the act was frowned upon. The local Hindus started calling them "nosto seikh" meaning "spoiled Shaikh". But as more number of people got converted to Islam with time these people came in contact with mainstream Muslims, and the term "nosto seikh" slowly got islamicised into "Nashya seikh". +Origin. +The Nashyas trace their origin to the indigenous communities of Koch Rajbongshi of northern West Bengal, though some of them are also from Mech community. There conversion to Islam is said to have taken over two to three centuries, and the Nashya still retain many cultural traits of their pre-Islamic past. Most people of the community are non-practicing Muslims though the newer generations are becoming increasing Islamic due to globalization. From historic evidence, it seems a segment of the indigenous population of north Bengal converted started to convert to Islam when the region fell under the control of Bakhtiyar Khilji. Some of the earliest converts were the chiefs Ali Mach and Kala Pahar. Tradition also ascribes the conversion of several lineages to Sufi saints such as Torsa Pir, Pagla Pir, Shah Fakir Sahib and Shah Gari Sahib. + += = = Football at the 1951 Asian Games = = = +1951 Football at the Asian Games was held in New Delhi from 5 to 11 March. + += = = Football at the 1954 Asian Games = = = +1954 Football at the Asian Games was held in Manila from 1 to 8 May. + += = = Football at the 1958 Asian Games = = = +1958 Football at the Asian Games was held in Tokyo from 24 May to 1 June. + += = = Football at the 1962 Asian Games = = = +1962 Football at the Asian Games was held in Jakarta from 25 August to 4 September. + += = = Football at the 1966 Asian Games = = = +1966 Football at the Asian Games was held in Bangkok from 10 to 20 December. + += = = Football at the 1970 Asian Games = = = +1970 Football at the Asian Games was held in Bangkok from 10 to 20 December. + += = = Football at the 1974 Asian Games = = = +1974 Football at the Asian Games was held in Tehran from 2 to 15 September. + += = = Football at the 1978 Asian Games = = = +1978 Football at the Asian Games was held in Bangkok from 10 to 20 December. + += = = Football at the 1982 Asian Games = = = +1982 Football at the Asian Games was held in New Delhi from 20 November to 3 December. + += = = Football at the 1986 Asian Games = = = +The 1986 Football at the Asian Games was held in Seoul from 20 September to 5 October. + += = = Football at the 1990 Asian Games – Men's tournament = = = +1990 Football at the Asian Games was held in Beijing from 23 September to 6 October. + += = = Football at the 1994 Asian Games – Men's tournament = = = +1994 Football at the Asian Games was held in Hiroshima from 1 to 16 October. + += = = Saint-Mards-en-Othe = = = +Saint-Mards-en-Othe is a commune of the Aube "département" in the north-central part of France. + += = = Football at the 1998 Asian Games – Men's tournament = = = +1998 Football at the Asian Games was held in Thailand from 30 November to 19 December. + += = = Saint-Martin-de-Bossenay = = = +Saint-Martin-de-Bossenay is a commune of the Aube "département" in the north-central part of France. + += = = Saint-Mesmin, Aube = = = +Saint-Mesmin is a commune of the Aube "département" in the north-central part of France. + += = = Saint-Nabord-sur-Aube = = = +Saint-Nabord-sur-Aube is a commune of the Aube "département" in the north-central part of France. + += = = Saint-Nicolas-la-Chapelle, Aube = = = +Saint-Nicolas-la-Chapelle is a commune of the Aube "département" in the north-central part of France. + += = = Saint-Oulph = = = +Saint-Oulph is a commune of the Aube "département" in the north-central part of France. + += = = Saint-Parres-aux-Tertres = = = +Saint-Parres-aux-Tertres is a commune of the Aube "département" in the north-central part of France. + += = = Saint-Parres-lès-Vaudes = = = +Saint-Parres-lès-Vaudes is a commune of the Aube "département" in the north-central part of France. + += = = Saint-Phal = = = +Saint-Phal is a commune of the Aube "département" in the north-central part of France. + += = = Saint-Pouange = = = +Saint-Pouange is a commune of the Aube "département" in the north-central part of France. + += = = Saint-Remy-sous-Barbuise = = = +Saint-Remy-sous-Barbuise is a commune of the Aube "département" in the north-central part of France. + += = = Football at the 2002 Asian Games – Men's tournament = = = +2002 Football at the Asian Games was held in Busan from 27 September to 13 October. + += = = Saint-Thibault, Aube = = = +Saint-Thibault is a commune of the Aube "département" in the north-central part of France. + += = = Football at the 2006 Asian Games – Men's tournament = = = +2006 Football at the Asian Games was held in Doha from 18 November to 15 December. + += = = Football at the 2010 Asian Games – Men's tournament = = = +2010 Football at the Asian Games was held in Guangzhou from 8 to 25 November. + += = = Football at the 2014 Asian Games – Men's tournament = = = +2014 Football at the Asian Games was held in South Korea from 14 September to 2 October. + += = = Football at the 2018 Asian Games – Men's tournament = = = +2018 Football at the Asian Games was held in Indonesia from 10 August to 1 September. + += = = So Lonely = = = +"So Lonely" is a song by English rock band The Police, released as the third and final single in November 17, 1978 from their debut studio album "Outlandos d'Amour" (1978). The song uses a reggae style, and featured Sting on lead vocals. +"So Lonely" has since been covered by a variety of artists, such as The Militia Group. +The song is known for a famous mondegreen where the title is often misheard as "Sue Lawley", a broadcaster famous for presenting Desert Island Discs on BBC Radio 4 from 1988 to 2006. + += = = Football at the 1990 Asian Games – Women's tournament = = = +1990 Football at the Asian Games was held in Beijing from 27 September to 6 October. + += = = Football at the 1994 Asian Games – Women's tournament = = = +1994 Football at the Asian Games was held in Hiroshima from 3 to 12 October. + += = = Football at the 1998 Asian Games – Women's tournament = = = +1998 Football at the Asian Games was held in Thailand from 7 to 17 December. + += = = Football at the 2002 Asian Games – Women's tournament = = = +2002 Football at the Asian Games was held in Busan from 2 to 11 October. + += = = Football at the 2006 Asian Games – Women's tournament = = = +2006 Football at the Asian Games was held in Doha from 30 November to 13 December. + += = = Football at the 2010 Asian Games – Women's tournament = = = +2010 Football at the Asian Games was held in Guangzhou from 8 to 25 November. + += = = Football at the 2014 Asian Games – Women's tournament = = = +2014 Football at the Asian Games was held in South Korea from 14 September to 1 October. + += = = Football at the 2018 Asian Games – Women's tournament = = = +2018 Football at the Asian Games was held in Indonesia from 16 to 31 August. + += = = 1979 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +1979 FIFA World Youth Championship was held in Japan from 25 August to 7 September. + += = = 1995 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +1995 FIFA World Youth Championship was held in Qatar from 13 to 28 April. + += = = Nicaragua cross-banded tree frog = = = +The Nicaragua cross-banded tree frog or tawny smilisca ("Smilisca puma") is a frog that lives in Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Scientists have seen it as high as 520 meters above sea level. +The adult male frog is 32 to 38 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 40 to 46 mm long. It has white stripes on its legs and face. Its front feet are not webbed but they do have discs on them for climbing. The skin of its back has long dark marks across it. It has a white belly. Its eyes are the color of bronze. +The tadpoles can be 2.4 cm long with short tails. Their eyes are also the color of bronze. + += = = Clumber Spaniel = = = +The Clumber Spaniel is a breed of gundog of the spaniel type that hunts in thick bushes. It was developed in England in the 1700's. It is the largest of the spaniels. +Name. +The name of the breed is taken from Clumber Park in Nottinghamshire where the breed was first developed. +Colour. +This dog is usually mostly white and can have either lemon or orange markings. +Temper. +They are usually gentle and loyal and very playful. + += = = 1997 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +1997 FIFA World Youth Championship was held in Malaysia from 16 June to 5 July. + += = = 1999 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +1999 FIFA World Youth Championship was held in Nigeria from 3 to 24 April. +Qualification. +The following 24 teams qualified for the 1999 FIFA World Youth Championship. + += = = 2001 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +2001 FIFA World Youth Championship was held in Argentina from 17 June to 8 July. + += = = 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +2003 FIFA World Youth Championship was held in United Arab Emirates from 27 November to 19 December. + += = = 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship = = = +2005 FIFA World Youth Championship was held in Netherlands from 10 June to 2 July. +Qualification. +The following 24 teams qualified for the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship. Host country the Netherlands did not have to qualify for the tournament. + += = = Cetinje = = = +Cetinje () is a city in Montenegro. In 2011, 14,093 people lived there. + += = = 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup = = = +2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup was held in Canada from 30 June to 22 July. +Qualification. +Twenty-three teams qualified for the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup. As the host team, Canada received an automatic bid, bringing the total number of teams to twenty-four for the tournament. The final draw for the group stages took place on 3 March 2007 in Liberty Grand Entertainment Complex, Toronto. + += = = Mojkovac = = = +Mojkovac () is a town in Montenegro. In 2011, 3,590 people lived there. + += = = Nikšić = = = +Nikšić () is a city in Montenegro. In 2011, 56,970 people lived there. +It is the second largest city in Montenegro, after the capital Podgorica. + += = = Petnjica = = = +Petnjica () is a city in Montenegro. In 2011, 539 people lived there. + += = = 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup = = = +The 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup was the twenty-first edition of the FIFA U-20 World Cup. The 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup took place in South Korea. +Host selection. +Along with asking member associations whether it wished to host the Under 20, Under 17 or the Beach Soccer World Cup in 2017 (along with Women's Tournaments a year previous), a declaration of interest would need to have been sent by 15 May 2013. A total of 12 countries submitted a bid to host the tournament by the May 2013 deadline: +The final decision on who would be hosts were made as part of FIFA's Executive Committee meetings in Brazil on 5 December 2013 with Korea Republic being awarded the hosting rights. +Qualified teams. +A total of 24 teams qualified for the final tournament. In addition to South Korea who qualified automatically as hosts, the other 23 teams qualified from six separate continental competitions. Starting from 2017, the Oceania Football Confederation received an additional slot (in total two), while UEFA will have five instead of six slots. +Venues. +Cheonan, Daejeon, Incheon, Seogwipo, Jeonju and Suwon were the six cities chosen to host the competition from a shortlist of nine, with Seoul, Pohang, and Ulsan not chosen. +Preparation. +As part of preparations for the U-20 World Cup, the 2016 Suwon JS Cup, an international football friendly tournament, was held to prepare the host organisers. +Organization. +The following were key milestones in the organization of the tournament: +Draw. +The draw was held on 15 March 2017, 15:00 KST (), at the Suwon Artrium in Suwon, South Korea. Two Argentine players who have won the FIFA U-20 World Cup, Diego Maradona and Pablo Aimar, participated in the draw. Minho Choi from the South Korean idol group SHINee also participated in the draw. +The 24 teams were drawn into six groups of four teams, with hosts South Korea being allocated to position A1. The teams were seeded into their respective pots based on their results in the last five FIFA U-20 World Cups (more recent tournaments weighted more heavily), with bonus points awarded to confederation champions. Teams from the same confederation could not be drawn against each other for the group stage. +Match officials. +A total of 22 refereeing trios (a referee and two assistant referees), 5 support referees, and 21 video assistant referees were appointed for the tournament. This was the first FIFA underage tournament which uses the video assistant referee. +Squads. +Each team had to name a preliminary squad of 35 players. From the preliminary squad, the team had to name a final squad of 21 players (three of whom must be goalkeepers) by the FIFA deadline. Players in the final squad could be replaced due to serious injury up to 24 hours prior to kickoff of the team's first match. The squads were announced by FIFA on 11 May 2017. +Group stage. +The top two teams of each group and the four best third-placed teams advanced to the round of 16. +All times are local, KST (). +Tiebreakers. +The rankings of teams in each group were determined as follows (regulations Article 17.7): +If two or more teams were equal on the basis of the above three criteria, their rankings were determined by: +Group A. +<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> +Group B. +<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> +Group C. +<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> +Results. +Group D. +<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> +Group E. +<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> +Group F. +<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> +Ranking of third-placed teams. +The four best teams among those ranked third are determined as follows (regulations Article 17.8):<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> +Knockout stage. +In the knockout stage, if a match was level at the end of normal playing time, extra time was played (two periods of 15 minutes each) and followed, if necessary, by a penalty shoot-out to determine the winner. However, for the third place match, no extra time was played and the winner was determined by kicks from the penalty mark. +In the round of 16, the four third-placed teams were matched with the winners of groups A, B, C, and D. The specific match-ups involving the third-placed teams depend on which four third-placed teams qualified for the round of 16: +Final. +This was the first ever final for both England and Venezuela in the history of the tournament, in their 11th and 2nd appearances respectively. England's previous best result was in 1993 when they finished third, while Venezuela were eliminated in the round of 16 in 2009. This was England's first appearance and victory in the final of a global football tournament since their senior side's 1966 FIFA World Cup victory, ending 51 years of waiting for a global tournament trophy. +Awards. +The following awards were given at the conclusion of the tournament. They were all sponsored by Adidas, except for the FIFA Fair Play Award and Goal of the Tournament. +Broadcasters rights. +The following companies held the broadcasters rights: + += = = Plav, Montenegro = = = +Plav () is a town in Montenegro. In 2011, 3,717 people lived there. +Population. +Plav is the administrative centre of Plav Municipality, which in 2011 had a population of 9,081, mostly Bosniaks, with a smaller minority of Albanians and other groups. The town of Plav itself has 3,717 citizens. Majority of the town adheres to Islam and the Bosniak/Albanian populations are mostly Muslim. The main mosque located in the centre of the town is the "Džamija Redžepagića". +As of 2011: +Historical population: + += = = Pljevlja = = = +Pljevlja () is a city in Montenegro. In 2011, 19,489 people lived there. + += = = 2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup = = = +2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup was held in Poland from 23 May to 15 June. + += = = Cabrejas del Campo = = = +Cabrejas del Campo is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and León in Spain. + += = = Pureiromba = = = +Pureiromba () or Puleilompa () is a God in Meitei mythology and religion. He is the giver of rain and good luck in farming. He is one of the major Umang Lai deities. He is the Ancestor God of the Angom clan of the Meitei ethnicity. +History. +According to the Thalon text, Pureiromba () was one of the 5 gods of 5 different places of the Selloi Langmai Hill (Nongmaiching Hill). Before the Meitei King Ura Konthouba (c. 7th century CE) killed all the Selloi Langmai people, the cults of these five gods were put together into that of a single God with the name "Langmai Ningthou" (lit. "King of the Langmais"). The personal names became the other names or various forms of the God. With this, the tribal society of the Selloi Langmai people became one chiefdom. This chiefdom later became the Angom clan. +Description. +The people who worship Pureiromba () think of him as their ancestor. However, no one knows if he was a real person from history or a god that acted like a human. But the ancient texts that show his adventures in the human world show him as a strong, powerful and able founding ancestor. He was initially associated with a Loi village of Andro, Manipur. But in later times, the people of Moirang worshipped him as one of their deified ancestors. +Festival. +The religious festival of Lai Haraoba is celebrated in honor of God Pureiromba () in the months of Kalen (April-May). The Haraoba of Pureiromba belongs to the type of the Chakpa Haraoba. Chakpa Haraoba is one of the four types of Lai Haraoba. +At Andro, Manipur, on the last day of the celebration of Pureiromba, a small mound of rice offerings is piled up by the maibis. Out of rice, the maibis construct a small landscape of mountain ranges, ravines, lakes, rivers, etc. +Cults and pantheons. +There are pantheons dedicated to God Pureiromba and his son Chinsongba in the village of Andro in Manipur. +God Pureiromba is also regarded as the ancestor of the people of the Sharumbam clan of Meitei ethnicity. The cult of Pureiromba was looked after by the people of Mangsatabam clan of Meitei ethnicity. +Namesakes. +Pureiromba Youth Club. +The "Pureiromba Youth Club, Bamon Kampu, Imphal" is a youths' club of Manipur. It reported to the Government of Manipur about the case of . + += = = Cabrejas del Pinar = = = +Cabrejas del Pinar is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and León in Spain. + += = = Calatañazor = = = +Calatañazor is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and León in Spain. + += = = Caltojar = = = +Caltojar is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and León in Spain. + += = = Candilichera = = = +Candilichera is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and León in Spain. + += = = Trnjanska Savica = = = +Trnjanska Savica is neighbourhood of Croatian capital city Zagreb. + += = = Carabantes = = = +Carabantes is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and León in Spain. + += = = Caracena = = = +Caracena is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and León in Spain. + += = = Carrascosa de Abajo = = = +Carrascosa de Abajo is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and León in Spain. + += = = Carrascosa de la Sierra = = = +Carrascosa de la Sierra is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and León in Spain. + += = = Casarejos = = = +Casarejos is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and León in Spain. + += = = François de Roubaix = = = +François de Roubaix (3 April 1939, Neuilly-sur-Seine, Hauts-de-Seine – 22 November 1975, Tenerife, Canary Islands) was a French movie score composer. + += = = Goiânia accident = = = +The Goiânia accident was a radiation accident that happened on September 13, 1987, in Goiânia, in the Brazilian state of Goiás, after a forgotten radioactive source was taken from an abandoned hospital in the city. It was handled by many people, resulting in four deaths. About 112,000 people were examined for radioactive contamination and 249 of them were found to have been contaminated. + += = = Sant Vicenç dels Horts = = = +Sant Vicenç dels Horts is a municipality of 28,268 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Santa Perpètua de Mogoda = = = +Santa Perpètua de Mogoda is a municipality of 25,999 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Norman Barasch = = = +Norman Barasch (February 18, 1922 - August 13, 2019) was an Emmy-nominated comedy writer and Broadway playwright. He was co-author, with Carroll Moore, of the play "Send Me No Flowers", which was the basis for the 1960 film of the same name. He died at age 97 at his home near Greenwich, Connecticut. + += = = Sitges = = = +Sitges is a municipality of 29,553 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. +It is known for its beaches. + += = = Vilafranca del Penedès = = = +Vilafranca del Penedès is a municipality of 40,154 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Aspres-lès-Corps = = = +Aspres-lès-Corps is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. +Transport. +Road. +The D57L, D58, D58A, D217 and N85 roads pass through the commune. +Location. +The commune borders the Isère department. + += = = Agnières-en-Dévoluy = = = +Agnières-en-Dévoluy is a former commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. On 1 January 2013, it became a part of the new commune of Le Dévoluy. + += = = Atascadero, California = = = +Atascadero is a city in San Luis Obispo County, California. + += = = Embrun, Hautes-Alpes = = = +Embrun is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Avalon, California = = = +Avalon is a city on Santa Catalina Island, in the American state of California. Avalon is part of Los Angeles County. + += = = Granjeno, Texas = = = +Granjeno is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Irish Water Spaniel = = = +The Irish Water Spaniel (Spáinnéar Uisce in Irish) is a breed of gundog of the spaniel type. They were developed in Ireland in the 1800's to fetch birds that had been shot at over lakes and rivers. They are one of the biggest spaniels. +Colour. +They are always a dark brown colour called "liver" with very curly hair. +Temper. +They make good pets as they have a pleasant nature and are very smart, but sometimes they don't like being around other dogs. + += = = Saint-Usage, Aube = = = +Saint-Usage is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France. + += = = Salon, Aube = = = +Salon is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France. + += = = L'Argentière-la-Bessée = = = +L'Argentière-la-Bessée is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. + += = = Eyguians = = = +Eyguians was a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. On 1 January 2016, it became part of a new commune of Garde-Colombe. + += = = Garde-Colombe = = = +Garde-Colombe is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. The municipality was created on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Eyguians (the seat), Lagrand and Saint-Genis. + += = = Lagrand = = = +Lagrand used to be a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. On 1 January 2016, it became a part of the new commune, Garde-Colombe. + += = = Castellar de n'Hug = = = +Castellar de n'Hug is a municipality of 156 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. + += = = Saulcy, Aube = = = +Saulcy is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France. + += = = The Song of Bernadette = = = +The Song of Bernadette is a 1943 American biographical movie directed by Henry King and was based on the 1941 novel of the same name by Franz Werfel. It stars Jennifer Jones, Charles Bickford, William Eythe, Gladys Cooper, Vincent Price, Lee J. Cobb, Anne Revere, Roman Bohnen, Patricia Morison, Jerome Cowan, Aubrey Mather, Charles Dingle and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It has won 4 Academy Awards and was nominated for 8 others in 1944. + += = = The Bishop's Wife = = = +The Bishop's Wife is a 1947 American romantic comedy movie directed by Henry Koster and was based on the 1928 novella of the same name by Robert Nathan. It stars Cary Grant, Loretta Young, David Niven, Monty Woolley, Elsa Lanchester, Gladys Cooper, Sara Haden, Karolyn Grimes, James Gleason, Florence Auer and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. It won an Academy Award in 1948 and was 4 others and was remade as "The Preacher's Wife" in 1996. + += = = A Royal Scandal (movie) = = = +A Royal Scandal, also known as Czarina, is a 1945 American romantic drama movie directed by Otto Preminger and Ernst Lubitsch and is the second version of Die Zarin (The Czarina) by Lajos Bíró and Melchior Lengyel. It stars Tallulah Bankhead, Charles Coburn, Anne Baxter, William Eythe, Vincent Price, Mischa Auer, Sig Ruman, Donald Douglas, Vladimir Sokoloff and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = National Alliance of Kenya = = = +The National Alliance of Kenya is a political party founded by Lawrence Nginyo Kariuki. + += = = The Little Foxes = = = +The Little Foxes is a 1941 American drama movie directed by William Wyler and was based on the 1939 play of the same name by Lillian Hellman. It stars Bette Davis, Herbert Marshall, Teresa Wright, Richard Carlson, Dan Duryea, Patricia Collinge, Charles Dingle, Jessica Grayson, Russell Hicks and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. It was nominated for 9 Academy Awards in 1942. + += = = Panam Ningthou = = = +Panam Ningthou () is a God in Meitei mythology and religion. He is the protector of crops, especially paddy from hailstorm and thunder. According to legends, He ignited fire for the first time by rubbing flints. He is one of the Umang Lai deities. +History. +God Panam Ningthou has his major cult center in Andro village. The Andro village in Imphal East district of present day Manipur is an ancient village. People of this village worship fire that is kept burning from the time of Poireiton Khunthokpa (34 BC-18 BC). The fire is kept in the Chakpa Panam Ningthou Meihoupirol (lit. "Panam Ningthou sacred burning fireplace"). +According to R. Constantine, the fire burning in Andro is the oldest man-made fire in India. It has been burning without break for centuries. +Description. +According to Thomas Callan Hodson (T.C. Hodson), Panam Ningthou is a rain and weather God of the Meitei people of Manipur. He recorded his description in his monograph The Meitheis published in 1908. +Mythology. +When it was one or two days before the Lai Haraoba festival of God Lainingthou Panam Ningthou begins, the God came to his temple in the form of a ball of light. He came flying from the east. He landed at a part of the Nongmaiching Hill. Sometimes, some people of Andro claimed to see that ball of light, even at other times of the year. +God Lainingthou Panam Ningthou has a wife named Leimaren Sanarik Chaning Khombi. Some people believed that she might be of Burmese origin. So, the God went to Burma () to meet her from time to time. +Festival and worship. +God Panam Ningthou is mainly worshipped by the people of Loi caste of Meitei ethnicity in Manipur. He has his major cult center in Andro village of Imphal East district of Manipur. +Shakespeare noted that the Loi people regarded God Panam Ningthou as a special deity of the Meitei king. He further noted that the King himself provided sacrificial animals to the God. Buffalo was one among the sacrificial animals used to be sacrificed during the Lai Haraoba festival. Pigs were sacrificed when there was no Lai Haraoba festival. Whenever there was any suspicion of danger to the Meitei king, the King would send a pig and a cock to be sacrificed to God Panam Ningthou of Andro. +The Chakpa Haraoba (one of the 4 types of Lai Haraoba festival) is annually celebrated in honor of God Panam Ningthou. The festive occasion falls in the Meitei lunar month of Lamta ("March-April interface month"). The festival starts from the first Sunday of the "Lamta" month. +During the 9 day long festival, no outsiders of Andro are allowed to stay at the village. In modern times, notice is issued one month before the festival begins through mass media like television, newspaper and radio. The notice informs outsiders to leave the place as it is about to begin the festival. Natives of Andro may come to Andro before the festival starts. Once the festival begins, no one is allowed to either leave from or come to the village. People who have converted into another religion are not allowed to participate in the religious festival even if they are native of Andro. There are some Christian converts and Hindu converts in Andro. +During the festival, people of "Andro village" wear black clothes as a custom. Besides Panam Ningthou, there are twelve other deities worshipped in Andro. During the Lai Haraoba festivals of these deities, outsiders of Andro can witness the event. The festivals in their honor are done separately from that of Panam Ningthou. But the festival of Pureiromba can be done together with that of Panam Ningthou. At this too, outsiders can witness the event but the place of worship is different from the exclusive one of Panam Ningthou. +During the Haraoba of Panam Ningthou, there is no shortage of meat and wine. Boys and girls play important role in the festival. +Temple. +The Temple of Panam Ningthou is in Andro, Manipur. It is also the Loishang (English: Office) to the representatives of the "pana"s (English: State Divisions). Sacred items are kept inside the temple. One house each for two "Pana"s was constructed near the Loishang. Two dormitories for boys and girls are also built. +The sanctum of God Lainingthou Panam Ningthou and Goddess Leimaren Sanarik Chaning Khombi are located in the right side corner and the left side corner respectively as one enters the room. +Association with other gods. +According to the Thalon text, Panam Ningthou was one of the 5 gods of 5 different places of the Selloi Langmai Hill. The cults of these five gods were integrated into that of a single God with the name "Langmai Ningthou" (lit. "King of the Langmais"). The personal names became the aliases or various forms of the God. With this, the tribal society of the Selloi Langmai people evolved into a chiefdom. This chiefdom later rose to the Angom clan. +Namesake. +Panam Ningthou Semba. +There is a real servant class named "Panam Ningthou Semba". It takes care of the articles (things) related to polo () for the Meitei royalty. There are seven grades of officers in this group. The grades are (1) Sellungba Ahal, (2) Sellungba Naha, (3) Pakhan-lakpa, (4) Naharakpa, (5) Yaphi Ahal, (6) Yaphi Naha and (7) Sennakhal. + += = = Finn Knutsen = = = +Finn Knutsen (18 February 1932 – 14 February 2021) was a Norwegian politician. He was born in Langenes, Norway. He was a member of the Storting from 1985 to 1989 for the Labour Party. +Knutsen died on 14 February 2021, aged 88. + += = = Mourid Barghouti = = = +Mourid Barghouti (, ; 8 July 1944 – 14 February 2021) was a Palestinian poet and writer. He was born in Deir Ghassana, Mandatory Palestine. +Barghouti died on 14 February 2021 aged 76. + += = = FIFA U-17 World Cup = = = +The FIFA U-17 World Cup, founded as the FIFA U-16 World Championship, later changed to U-17 in 1991 and to its current name in 2007, is the world championship of association football for male players under the age of 17 organized by "Fédération Internationale de Football Association" (FIFA). +Results. +FIFA U-17 World Cup. +Notes: + += = = 1993 FIFA U-17 World Championship = = = +1993 FIFA U-17 World Championship was held in Japan from 21 August to 4 September. + += = = 1995 FIFA U-17 World Championship = = = +1995 FIFA U-17 World Championship was held in Ecuador from 3 to 20 August. + += = = 2001 FIFA U-17 World Championship = = = +2001 FIFA U-17 World Championship was the ninth edition of the FIFA U-17 World Cup. It held in Trinidad and Tobago from 13 to 30 September 2001. Players born after 1 January 1984 could participate in this tournament. +Mascot. +The official mascot of this FIFA U-17 World Championship, Trinidad & Tobago 2001, was BEATS, the humming bird. Its outfit is the same as the home national team, red shirt, black short and red socks. It has Trinidad & Tobago 2001 on the chest. +Qualification. +The following 16 teams qualified for the tournament: + += = = 2007 FIFA U-17 World Cup = = = +2007 FIFA U-17 World Cup was held in South Korea from 18 August to 9 September. From this tourament the teams were raised from 16 to 24. + += = = 2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup = = = +2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup was held in Nigeria from 24 October to 15 November. + += = = 2011 FIFA U-17 World Cup = = = +2011 FIFA U-17 World Cup was held in Mexico from 18 June to 10 July. + += = = St Albans High School for Girls = = = +St Albans High School for Girls is a selective, independent day school for girls aged 4–18 years. It is affiliated to the Church of England and takes girls of all faiths or none. There are about 310 pupils in the Preparatory School with 480 in the Senior School, and 160 Sixth Formers. The Preparatory School is in Wheathampstead. + += = = 2013 FIFA U-17 World Cup = = = +2013 FIFA U-17 World Cup was held in the United Arab Emirates from 17 October to 8 November. + += = = 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup = = = +2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup was held in India from 6 to 28 October. +Qualified teams. +As host, India made their first ever appearance at the FIFA U-17 World Cup and their first appearance in the World Cup at any age level. As well as India, New Caledonia and Niger also made their first appearance in the FIFA U-17 World Cup. +The previous U-17 World Cup title holders, Nigeria, failed to qualify for this edition. In failing to qualify, Nigeria became the first nation since Switzerland in 2009 to fail to qualify for the next edition of the FIFA U-17 World Cup after winning the previous edition. +A total of 24 teams qualified for the final tournament. In addition to India, the other 23 teams qualified from six separate continental competitions. Starting from 2017, the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) will receive an additional spot (in total two spots), while UEFA will have five instead of six spots. +Venues. +After being awarded the hosting rights for the FIFA U-17 World Cup, eight locations were shortlisted: Bangalore, Guwahati, Kochi, Kolkata, Margao, Navi Mumbai, New Delhi and Pune. On 29 May 2015, Kochi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Guwahati were provisionally selected as host locations and was informed two more would be provisionally approved from the list of +Bengaluru, Chennai, Goa, New Delhi and Pune. On 27 October 2016, FIFA officially announced Guwahati, Kochi, Kolkata, Margao, Navi Mumbai and New Delhi as the official host cities for the FIFA U-17 World Cup. + += = = Yury Vlasov = = = +Yury Petrovich Vlasov (; 5 December 1935 – 13 February 2021) was a Soviet and Russian writer and heavyweight weightlifter and politician. He competed at the 1960 and 1964 Olympics and won a gold medal in 1960 and a silver in 1964. He retired in 1968. +He was a member of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union (1989) and then of the Russian State Duma (1993) and took part in the 1996 Russian presidential election. +Vlasov died of natural causes on 13 February 2021, in Moscow, Russia. + += = = Kadir Topbaş = = = +Kadir Topbaş (8 January 1945 – 13 February 2021) was a Turkish architect, businessman and politician. He was Mayor of Istanbul from 2004 to 2017. He was born in Yusufeli, Artvin. He was a member of the Justice and Development Party (AKP). +In November 2020, Topbaş was hospitalized for COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. He died on 13 February 2021 from multiple organ failure following COVID-19 treatment. + += = = Enrique Rodríguez Galindo = = = +Enrique Rodríguez Galindo (5 February 1939 – 13 February 2021) was a Spanish brigadier general of the Civil Guard. He was sentenced to 71 years in prison in 2000 for the kidnapping and murder of the alleged ETA members José Antonio Lasa and José Ignacio Zabala in the Antiterrorist Liberation Groups case. +On 2 February 2021, Rodríguez Galindo was hospitalized with COVID-19. He died on 13 February 2021 in Zaragoza during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. + += = = Toronto Star = = = +The Toronto Star is a Canadian broadsheet daily newspaper. As of 2015, it was Canada's highest-circulation newspaper. +The "Toronto Star" is owned by Toronto Star Newspapers Limited, a subsidiary of Torstar Corporation and part of Torstar's Daily News Brands division. + += = = Olle Nygren = = = +Harald Olof "Olle" Ingemar Nygren (11 November 1929 – 13 February 2021) was a Swedish speedway rider. He was born in Stockholm. He reached the finals of the Speedway World Championship five times. Nygren was Swedish Champion in 1949 and became Nordic Champion in 1960. + += = = Bolesław Kwiatkowski = = = +Bolesław Kwiatkowski (28 July 1942 – 13 February 2021) was a Polish basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1968 Summer Olympics. He was born in Warsaw. +Kwiatkowski died on 13 February 2021 in Warsaw, aged 78. + += = = Bud Estes = = = +Bud Estes (October 4, 1946 – February 13, 2021) was an American politician. He was a Republican. Estes was a member of the Kansas Senate from 2017 until his death. He was a state representative from 2014 to 2017. He also was the mayor of Bucklin, Kansas from 1976 to 1990. He was born in Dodge City, Kansas. +Estes on February 13, 2021 at the age of 74. + += = = Robert Dean Hunter = = = +Robert Dean Hunter, known as Robert D. Hunter or Bob Hunter (June 25, 1928 – February 11, 2023) was an American Republican politician. He was a member of the Texas House of Representatives, in which from 1986 to 2007 he represented District 71. +Hunter died on February 11, 2023 in Abilene, Texas at the age of 94. + += = = 2019 FIFA U-17 World Cup = = = +2019 FIFA U-17 World Cup was held in Brazil from 26 October to 17 November. +Qualified teams. +A total of 24 teams qualified for the final tournament. Brazil as host team along with 23 other teams qualified from six separate continental competitions. The slot allocation was approved by the FIFA Council on 10 June 2018. +Venues. +The tournament used four venues in three cities. + += = = Louis Clark = = = +Louis Clark (27 February 1947 – 13 February 2021) was an English music arranger and keyboard player. +In 1977, Clark arranged the music of Renaissance for their Albert Hall concert with the RPO. +In the early 1980s, he conducted the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra on a series of records under the title "Hooked on Classics". +Clark died on 13 February 2021 in Elyria, Ohio from kidney disease, aged 73. + += = = Alan Woan = = = +Alan Woan (8 February 1931 – 12 February 2021) was an English professional footballer. He played as an inside forward. He made a total of 289 Football League appearances for Norwich City, Northampton Town, Crystal Palace and Aldershot scoring 140 goals. +He also played non-league football for New Brighton and Chertsey Town. +Woan died four days after his 90th birthday. + += = = Czech National Council = = = +The Czech National Council () was the legislative body of the Czech Republic since 1968 when the Czech Republic was created as a member state of Czech-Slovak federation. +It was legally transformed into the Chamber of Deputies. + += = = FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup = = = +The FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup is an international association football tournament, organized by FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association), for national teams of women under the age of 20. + += = = Bernard Nsayi = = = +Bernard Nsayi (1943 – 12 February 2021) was a Congolese Roman Catholic prelate. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Nkayi, Republic of the Congo from 1990 to 2001. He became a priest in 1971. +Nsayi died on 12 February 2021, aged 77. + += = = Zdeněk Hoření = = = +Zdeněk Hoření (9 February 1930 – 12 February 2021) was a Czechoslovak journalist and politician. He was Editor-in-Chief of "Rudé právo". He was a member of the Communist Party. He was born in Frýdštejn, First Czechoslovak Republic. From 1986 to 1990, he was a member of the Federal Assembly. Before, he was a member of the Czech National Council from 1976 to 1986. +Hoření died of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic in Prague on 12 February 2021 at the age of 91, three days after his birthday. + += = = Pierre-Guillaume de Roux = = = +Pierre-Guillaume de Roux (25 February 1963 – 12 February 2021) was a French editor. +He worked with "Arthus", "Contrepoint", "Revue des deux Mondes", "Latitudes", "Le Quotidien de Paris", "L'Appel", "". In 1985, he was appointed literary director of Éditions de la Table ronde. He was one of the founding members of Éditions Criterion of Média-Participations. +de Roux died following a long illness on 12 February 2021 at the age of 57, thirteen days short from his 58th birthday. + += = = Saint-Vaury = = = +Saint-Vaury () is a commune in the Creuse department in central France. + += = = William Chervy = = = +William Chervy (3 June 1937 – 12 February 2021) was a French politician. He was a member of the Socialist Party. He was Mayor of Saint-Vaury from 1971 to 2001. He was a Senator from Creuse from 1981 to 1998. +Chervy died on 12 February 2021, aged 83. + += = = Mahamed Abdiqadir = = = +Sultan Mahamed Abdiqadir (, ) (died 12 February 2021) was the eighth Grand Sultan of the Isaaq Sultanate. +He died on 12 February 2021, in Hargeisa, the capital of Somaliland due to an illness. + += = = 2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship = = = +2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship was held in Canada from 17 August to 1 September. + += = = Pat Russell = = = +Pat Russell (December 31, 1923 – February 11, 2021) was an American community activist. She was a member of the Los Angeles City Council. She was the fourth woman to serve on that city council. Russell was a member of the city council from 1969 to 1987. She was the first woman to be City Council president from 1981 to 1987. Russell was born in Portland, Oregon. +Russell died on February 11, 2021 in Los Angeles from cancer, aged 97. + += = = 2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship = = = +2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship was held in Thailand from 10 to 27 November. + += = = Jorge Morel = = = +Jorge Scibona (May 9, 1931 – February 10, 2021), known professionally as Jorge Morel, was an Argentine classical guitarist and composer. Morel was born in Buenos Aires. Morel appeared at Lincoln Center's Alice Tully Hall in New York, Queen Elizabeth Hall and Wigmore Hall in London, National Concert Hall in Dublin, and Suntory Hall in Tokyo. +Morel died on February 10, 2021 in Buenos Aires, aged 89. + += = = James Celebrezze = = = +James Patrick Celebrezze (February 6, 1938 – February 10, 2021) was an American Democratic politician. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio. Celebrezze was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives from 1967 to 1974. +Celebrezze died on February 10, 2021 in Cleveland at the age of 83. + += = = 2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship = = = +2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship was held in Russia from 17 August to 3 September. + += = = John Mullally = = = +John Cooney Mullally (28 November 1930 – 7 February 2021) was a Canadian Liberal Party politician. He was a member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was also a member of the Canadian Parliament from 1963 to 1965. Mullally was born in Souris, Prince Edward Island. +Mullally died on 7 February 2021 at the age of 90. + += = = Leishemlon = = = +The "Leishemlon" (), also spelt as the "Leishemlol", "Leisemlol" or "Leisemlon" (literally,"Story of the creation of the universe"), is an ancient Meitei religious text, about the cosmology and the mythology of the creation of the universe. +The text gives a good picture of the cosmological religio-cultural system of the Meitei religion. + += = = J. Hillis Miller = = = +Joseph Hillis Miller Jr. (March 5, 1928 – February 7, 2021) was an American literary critic and scholar. He worked with Johns Hopkins University, Yale University, and University of California, Irvine, and wrote over 50 books about American and British literature. + += = = 2008 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup = = = +2008 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup was held in Chile from 19 November to 7 December. + += = = Burwell Jones = = = +Burwell Otis Jones (March 23, 1933 – February 6, 2021) was an American competition swimmer. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He was a Pan American Games champion in 1951. Jones was born in Detroit, Michigan. Jones competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics. +Jones died on February 6, 2021 at the age of 87. + += = = 2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup = = = +2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup was held in Germany from July 13 to August 1. + += = = Theo van Haren Noman = = = +Theo van Haren Noman (29 April 1917 – 6 February 2021) was a Dutch filmmaker. He won several prizes and awards. He was born in Amsterdam. +Haren Noman died on 6 February 2021 in Amsterdam, aged 103. + += = = Bodil Skjånes Dugstad = = = +Bodil Skjånes Dugstad (23 May 1927 – 6 February 2021) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party. Dugstad was born in Trondheim. She was a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from 1973 to 1977. From 1973 to 1975, he was Ministry of Church Affairs and Education. +Dugstad died on 6 February 2021 in Oslo, aged 93. + += = = 2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup = = = +2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup was held in Japan from 19 August to 8 September. + += = = Noboru Ishiguro (athlete) = = = +Noboru Ishiguro (2 August 1932 – 11 February 2021) was a Japanese racewalker. He competed in the men's 20 kilometres walk at the 1964 Summer Olympics. +Ishiguro died on 11 February 2021 at the age of 88. + += = = 2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup = = = +2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup was held in Canada from 5 to 24 August. + += = = Rowsch Shaways = = = +Rowsch Nuri Shaways (Kurdish ��� ����� ������; Arabic ��� ���� �����; 1947 – 15 February 2021) was a Kurdish politician. He was the first Prime Minister of the KDP-controlled part of Kurdistan. +He was one of Iraq's two vice presidents in the interim government in 2004. He was a Deputy Prime Minister in the government headed by Ibrahim al-Jaafari and later held the same post under Nouri al-Maliki. +He also was Deputy Prime Minister under Haider Al-Abadi from 8 September 2014 to 9 August 2015. +He was speaker of the Iraqi Kurdistan National Assembly in the Kurdish autonomous region. Shaways was a member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party. + += = = TJ Ducklo = = = +Tyler Joseph Ducklo (born September 22, 1988) is an American political advisor. He was a Special Assistant to the President and White House Junior Deputy Press Secretary for the Joe Biden administration from January 2021 until February 13, 2021. +Ducklo was the national press secretary for the Joe Biden 2020 presidential campaign. +In December 2019, Ducklo was diagnosed with stage-four lung cancer. + += = = 2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup = = = +2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup was held in Papua New Guinea from 13 November to 3 December. + += = = Roseanna's Grave = = = +Roseanna's Grave (also known as For Roseanna) is a 1997 American romantic dramedy film directed by Paul Weiland. In his review, Roger Ebert concludes that "Roseanna's Grave" "isn't of much consequence, perhaps, and the gears of the plot are occasionally visible as they turn. But it's a small, sweet film that never tries for more than it's sure of, and the actors find it such a relief to be playing such goodhearted characters that we can almost feel it." + += = = 2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup = = = +The 2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup was the ninth time they held this international football championship for young women's teams. The tournament happens every two years, and it involves teams of players under the age of 20 from different countries who are part of FIFA. The event took place in Brittany, France, from 5th to 24th August 2018. This was the same place where they would later host the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup. Haiti and the Netherlands participated in the U-20 Women's World Cup for the first time. North Korea was the previous champion, but they were knocked out by France in the quarter-finals. In the final match, which was played at Stade de la Rabine in Vannes, Spain and Japan faced each other again after already playing in the group stage. Japan won the game 3–1 and became the champions for the first time. + += = = Xiaomi Mi Note 10 Lite = = = +The Xiaomi Mi Note 10 Lite is an Android smartphone developed by Xiaomi Inc. It was announced on April 20, 2020. + += = = FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup = = = +The FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup is an international association football tournament for female players under the age of 17. It is organized by Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA). + += = = Serial-position effect = = = +The serial position effect is a psychological phenomenon. It say that people are more likely to remember the first and last items on a list. They are less likely to remember the middle items. The term was created in 1913 by Herman Ebbinghaus. He was a German psychologist who was interested in testing his ability to remember items on a list. This ability is called free-recall. Ebbinghaus performed free-recall experiments on himself. He used a list of 2000 syllables. THe experiments showed him that the where the it was on the list affected how well he could remember it. This information is shown in the "serial position curve". The serial position curve shows two things. The first thing it showed him was that the first 2-3 items on the list and up to the last 8 items in a list are always remembered better than items in the middle. This was true in any list with 20 or more items. It also showed him that the size of the list and the speed at which it was preseted did not affect the outcome. +Free Recall. +Free recall is a way of experimenting that is used in psychology. It is used to test memory. Free recall is the most common method of studying the serial position effect. to use free recakk, a person is shown a list of items. These items are normally words. The person is then asked to say which items they can remember from the list in any order. One major problem with this method is that the tests are usually done in a controlled environment. This means the result may not be different from what happens in the real world. +Primacy effect. +The primary effect is the term used to mean that people often remember the first thing they are told. Many psychologists think that this effect may be a result of rehearsal. When a person is trying to remember the items, that person will often repeat the items to themselves. As each item is added to the list, they repeat the entire list. This causes them to repeat the first it many time. This constant repeating helps them to better remember the items at the begining of the list,The slower the list is presented, the more time a person has to repeat the list. This causes a larger primacy effect. +In the 1970s, psychologists began testing the effect of rehearsal on the primacy effect. In 1972, psychologist Phillip Marshal tested if removing rehearsal would have an affect on the primacy effect. He did this by having the people sort the words while he was giving them a list of 18 common nouns. The people in the test were not told that their memmory was being tested. Since they did not know this, they did not repeat the words as they heard them. The experiments showed Marshal that removing the repeating also removed most of the primacy effect. It showed that rehearsal was a main cause for the primacy effect. +In 1971, Dewey Rundus created a what he called "overt rehearsal" The people were told to say their thoughts out loud, This tested test "how" and "when" participants rehearsed each item in a list. In 1977, Brodie and Murdock used overt rehearsal to give an alternate explanation for the primacy effect. They learned that even as people got towards the end of the list, they were still repeating the first terms. This caused the items to still be inthe person's short-term memory (STM) near the end of the list. This created what is called a "recency effect". Brodie and Murdock said that rehearsal is a main cause of the primacy effect. They also believed that the primacy effect may be a type of "recency effect". +Recency effect. +The recency effect is the ability to remember items near the end of a list. Unlike the primacy effect, changes in speed and the size of the list do not affect the recency effect. Psychologists have learned that asking people to list the items in the ‘order they were presented’ causes less recency effect. In a 1966 study, Glanzer and Kunitz learned that increasing the time between when the list is presented and when recall is tested can affect the recency effect. With just an added 30 second delay, there was no longer a recency effect. In 1990, researchers tried to distract the people during the test. They would have the person do something that stopped short-term memory (rehearsal). For example, they would have the person countbackward from 3. The results showed that this also removed the recency effect. +The recency effect is normally said to be caused by short-term memory. (STM) The STM of a person can store a small amount of information for a short time. The amount of information is normally two to four items. The last few items of a list being normally still in the STM of a person when the items are being recalled. This theory explains why the recency effect is generally larger than the primacy effect. It takes more effort to get the first items from long-term memory (LTM) than to get the items from STM. This is affected by the STM of the person being affected by a distraction. +Newer research has shown that the recency effect can exist without STM. For instance, Bjork and Whitten showed that even when STM was distracted there can be a long-term recency effect. During their study, they had the people do something to affect their STM during the entire test. These test showed that there was still some recency effect . Some psychologists think that the recency effect is based on a theory of temporal context. Temporal context means "the context of time". Theories in this field are vague and still developing. The general idea is that context is connected to each item on the list. During recall, This contect will help the person remember the item. The later the item in the list, the more similar the context of the item is to context of the test. +Link to models of memory. +Earlier research showed that the serial position effect was connected to single way that memory is stored such as LTM (primacy) and STM (recency). Research on people with brain damage that affected their LTM has showed a recency effect but not a primacy effect. This gives good evidence for this. +On the other hand, the serial position effect is also supported by dual-store or multi-store models of memory. For instance, research on the serial position effect supports the multi-store model of memory by Atkinson and Shieffrin. Research about the long-term recency effect may show evidence for theories of the working memory model. + += = = 2008 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup = = = +2008 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup was held in New Zealand from 28 October to 16 November 2008. The was the first FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup to be held. +Host cities. +Matches were played in four New Zealand cities: +Pool matches were spread evenly among these cities. The host nation, New Zealand, was based mostly in Auckland but played one pool match in Wellington. + += = = 2010 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup = = = +2010 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup was held in Trinidad and Tobago from 5 to 25 September. +Qualified teams. +On 30 June 2010, President of Nigeria Goodluck Jonathan announced he would suspend the Nigeria Football Federation from FIFA competition for 2 years. This put the Flamingoes place at the competition in jeopardy. On 5 July 2010, the ban was lifted. +Venues. +During preparation four stadia were constructed in 2001. These four venues along with Hasely Crawford Stadium in Port of Spain, Trinidad are the venues for the women's competition. + += = = First Council of Constantinople = = = +The First Council of Constantinople was a large meeting of Christian priests. It happened in the year 381. Emperor Theodosius I called the meeting in Constantinople. +At the meeting, the church adopted the Nicene Creed. The Nicene Creed is not the same as the Creed of Nicaea. +At the meeting, the church also decided on the Trinitarian Doctrine, which is about the relationship between God, Jesus and the Holy Spirit. + += = = 2014 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup = = = +2014 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup was the fourth edition of the youth tournament for women under the age of 17. It was held in Costa Rica from 15 March to 4 April. Japan beat Spain 2-0 in the final. +Qualified teams. +The slot allocation was approved by the FIFA Executive Committee in May 2012. The Oceania Football Confederation qualifying tournament was scheduled for January 2014, FIFA however decided that it would be hosted too late then. Eventually FIFA and OFC in agreement with all member nations agreed to award the confederation spot to New Zealand. Just as New Zealand, Nigeria qualified without playing a match because two opponents withdrew their respective qualifying games. Defending champions France did not qualify. +In total 103 nations took part in the qualifying, three less than for the 2012 World Cup. +Venues. +Four stadiums are to be used across Costa Rica. + += = = Sepia (color) = = = +The sepia color is a dark brown color. It is named after the rich brown pigment from the ink sac of the common cuttlefish "Sepia". +Meanings. +Other type of similar colors. +Sepia similar colors that are obtained mixing sepia and other colors. + += = = 2016 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup = = = +2016 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup was held in Jordan from 30 September to 21 October. +Qualified teams. +A total of 16 teams qualified for the final tournament. In addition to Jordan who qualified automatically as hosts, the other 15 teams qualified from six separate continental competitions. The slot allocation was published in June 2014. +Venues. +The three host cities were Amman, Irbid, and Zarqa. The infrastructure of the stadiums and surrounding areas in the host cities was developed. Greater Amman Municipality and the Higher Council for Youth were responsible for developing the infrastructure, with 30% under the responsibility of the municipality and 70% under the responsibility of the council. + += = = 2018 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup = = = +2018 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup was held in Uruguay from 13 November to 1 December. +Qualified teams. +A total of 16 teams qualify for the final tournament. In addition to Uruguay who qualified automatically as hosts, the other 15 teams qualify from six separate continental competitions. The slot allocation was approved by the FIFA Council on 13–14 October 2016. + += = = AFC U-20 Asian Cup = = = +The AFC U-20 Asian Cup, formerly known as the AFC Youth Championship and AFC U-19 Championship, is a biennial international association football competition organised by the sport's Asian governing body, the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). The competition has been held since 1959. Between 1959 and 1978 the tournament was held annually, since 1980 it has been held every two years. +Results. +1 Title shared. +2 Third place shared. +3 Final tournaments in round-robin format. +4 No third place match played since 2008; losing semi-finalists are listed in alphabetical order. +5 Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. + += = = AFC U-17 Asian Cup = = = +The AFC U-17 Asian Cup, formerly known as the AFC U-16 Championship and AFC U-17 Championship, is a football competition, organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) held once every two years for Asian under-17 teams that also serves as a qualification tournament for the FIFA U-17 World Cup. The top 4 countries qualify to participate in the FIFA U-17 World Cup. Until 2006 it was held as an under-17 tournament. +Results. +Notes: +Successful national teams. +Note: + += = = Sanamahi Kachin = = = +"Sanamahi Kachin", also known as "Lainingthou Kachin", is an altar place dedicated to Lainingthou Sanamahi in the household of the followers of Meitei religion (Sanamahism). It is located at the south-western corner of the house. According to religious beliefs, people performing rites and rituals, as well as prayers to the deity, in the place, get blessings from the deity. + += = = AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup = = = +The AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup is an association football tournament for women's national teams under the age of 20, organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). It is organised by the Asian Football Confederation every two years, and serves as a qualifying competition for the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup. It was first played in 2002 as the AFC U-19 Women's Championship with an upper age limit of 19. Starting from the 2022 edition, the age limit was raised to 20. + += = = AFC U-17 Women's Asian Cup = = = +The AFC U-17 Women's Asian Cup, founded as the AFC U-17 Women's Championship and later the AFC U-16 Women's Championship, before changing to its current name after the 2019 edition, is a biennial women's football tournament for youth teams organised by the Asian Football Confederation. It further serves as the qualifying competition for the FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup. The AFC have agreed to the proposal for switching the tournament from under-16 to under-17 starting from 2022. Moreover, the tournament will also be rebranded from the "AFC U-16 Women's Championship" to the "AFC U-17 Women's Asian Cup". + += = = Vinnytsia = = = +Vinnytsia () is a city on the banks of the Southern Bug, the administrative center of the Vinnytsia Oblast in Ukraine. Vinnytsia is an important historical center of eastern Podillya, a historical part of Ukraine. As of January 1, 2021, the population was 370,600 people. The city's history begins in the Middle Ages. It was founded in 1363 and for a long time remained under Polish and Russian control. + += = = Imoinu = = = +Imoinu (Emoinu) () is a goddess in Meitei mythology and religion of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). She is the goddess of household, hearth, family, fireplace, kitchen, wealth, peace and prosperity. She is frequently associated with Leimarel Sidabi. She is regarded as one of the incarnations or representations of goddess Leimarel Sidabi. +The personality of Emoinu and other goddesses like Panthoibi and Phouoibi depict as well as influence the , courage, independence, and social honour of Meitei women. +Name. +The meaning of the name "Emoinu Ahongbi" ("������ ������") can be found by splitting it up word by word. Here, "E" ("�") refers to human being. "Moi" ("���" or "���") refers to . "Nu" ("��") refers to female deity or goddess. So, "Emoinu" means "goddess who rears the human beings". "Ahongbi" means "giver of plentiful household properties". +Description. +Dr. Parratt described Emoinu Ahongbi (alias Emoinu Ahong Achaubi) as another form of Goddess Leimarel Sidabi. Leimarel Sidabi is the supreme mother. Imoinu is regarded as an ever resourceful lady. She always gives wealth and prosperity to the mankind. She was shown as having a human appearance. She resides near the fire hearth. The goddess is believed to be the controller and regulator of good conduct and behavior of the human beings. +Imoinu Ahong Achaubi is a deity for good moral behavior, besides wealth and prosperity. As a social code of conduct, a Meitei woman should go out from home only after prayers and worship of the goddess and other household deities. When she returns home, she should pray to the deity. +The Meitei people believed that goddess Imoinu lives in the houses of those who strictly obey her favorite social and moral behavior norms. Imoinu blesses such people with "nungai yaifaba" (well-being and prosperity), "watta padaba" (having neither shortage nor excess), "tekta kaidaba" (unaffected by troubles of life) and "punshi nungshangba" (long life). These are the basic needs of life in the human world. +Mythology. +Origin. +After the creation of the sky and the planets, Sidaba () (the Supreme Being) ordered His wife, Leimarel Sidabi () (the first woman) to produce another Leimarel. The second Leimarel would be the second woman. Her responsibility was to take care of the mankind on the planet called earth. Goddess Leimarel Sidabi obeyed her divine husband's order. She created another Leimarel. The appearance of the second Leimarel was similar to the first Leimarel. The first Leimarel named the second Leimarel as "Emoinu Ahongbi". +Lover. +Once goddess Imoinu fell in love with a man. The two became lovers. They swore to be husband and wife. One day, she visited his house in his absence. She discovered that he was already married to another woman. After knowing this, she sacrificed her love. She swore on not to see the man again. She never married to anyone. So, she remained as a virgin goddess. +Worship. +Ancient worship. +Imoinu (Emoinu) is a hearth deity. She is annually worshipped on the 12th of the Meitei month of Wakching (December-January interface month). Despite this annual event, she is also worshipped everyday. The daily worship is a part of a Meitei ritual. It is done in every Meitei household with the offering of little cooked rice before eating. +Modern worship. +Nowadays, there is little or no households with proper phunga lairu (traditional fire hearth). So, a modern fireplace is developed. Here, traditional rites and rituals are performed in honor of the goddess. +There are a lot of changes in the way of worshipping Goddess Imoinu. However, the essence and the importance always remain the same as forever. +Festival. +The "Imoinu Iratpa" ("Emoinu Eratpa") is a religious festival dedicated to goddess Imoinu (Emoinu). It is celebrated on the 12th of Wakching month (December-January interface month) every year. Traditionally, worship and prayers are performed inside every households. Nowadays, Imoinu Iratpa festival is also celebrated in a larger way in public gathering clubs also. +Wherever the festival is performed, seasonal fruits, vegetables and fish are offered to goddess Imoinu. +Namesakes. +In commerce. +Ima Keithel () is the world's only women run market. It has three major building complexes. Imoinu Ima Keithel is the Complex Number 2 of the market. It is preceded by Leimarel Sidabi Ima Keithel (Complex Number 1) and followed by Phouoibi Ima Keithel (Complex Number 3). This 500 years old market is in the center of Imphal, Manipur. + += = = Blue-spotted Mexican tree frog = = = +The blue-spotted Mexican tree frog, blue-spotted tree frog or blue-spotted smilisca ("Smilisca cyanosticta") is a frog that lives in Mexico, Belize and Guatemala. Scientists have seen it as high as 1200 meters above sea level. + += = = Leimarel Sidabi = = = +Leimarel Sidabi () or Leimalel Sitapi () is a goddess in Meitei mythology and religion of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). She is the highest female divinity in Meitei pantheon. She is the goddess of earth, nature and household. She is the mother of everyone in the universe. +Etymology. +The Meitei word "Leimarel" (������) or "Leimaren" (������) is as "queen" or "goddess" in English. The word "Leimarel" (or "Leimaren") can be broken into pieces: "Lei" (��), "Ma" (�) and "-ren" (-���) or "-rel" (-���). "Lei" means land or earth. "Ma" means mother. "-ren" (or "-rel") means excellent. Another Meitei word "Sidabi" can be broken into "Si" (��), "-da" (�) and "-bi" (-��). "Si" ("See") means "to die". "-da" denotes negative meaning. "-bi" ("-bee") denotes feminine gender. +Description. +Leimarel is the mother goddess. In ancient times, the ruling royal couples sat in the "Laplen Ka" (the central room). They faced the sacred spot of goddess Leimarel. It was believed that men and women originated from Leimarel's womb. A house symbolises the Mother in traditional Meitei beliefs. +Mythology. +The supreme creator Atingkok (alias Salailel) asked his two sons, Sanamahi and Pakhangba to run in a race around the world. The winner would become the ruler of the world. Sanamahi was stronger than his younger brother, Pakhangba. He started his journey. Pakhangba wept to his mother, Leimarel Sidabi. She told him the secret behind the throne of the universe. The secret is that going around the throne of the Supreme Being is shorter than going around the universe. So, Pakhangba went around the Supreme Being, his father. Thus, he won the race and became the ruler of the universe. When Sanamahi returned home, he found his younger brother sitting on the throne. He got angry. He attacked Pakhangba. Pakhangba ran away. He hid himself among seven lairembis. The Supreme Being intervened the situation. He brought peace of Sanamahi. He made Sanamahi as the king of the household of the mankind. At the same time, goddess Leimarel Sidabi became another Imung Lai (household deity), besides Sanamahi. +According to some legends, goddess Ima Leimaren (lit. Mother Leimarel) takes care of the market. She brings peace and harmony by doing so. This tradition is still maintained by womenfolk. The women are considered as the descendents of the "Ima". +Texts. +Several ancient texts (PuYas) write things about the goddess Leimarel. Some include the Leimaren Naoyom, the Leimaren Langon, the Leimaren Mingkhei, the Leimaren Shekning Lasat, the Leimaren Ungoiron, besides others. +Worship. +Leimarel Sidabi and her son Sanamahi are worshipped in the first room of every Meitei household. Goddess Leimarel doesn't want the "Korou Anganba" (sunlight) in the morning. So, houses of Loi castes are mainly made facing southwards. She lives in water also. So, she is worshipped in an "Isaiphu" (an earthen pitcher or terracotta pot containing water). There are no images kept to represent the two deities inside their abode. +A senior woman or women of the house fills the earthen pot of the goddess with fresh water. She does this after taking a holy bath. Fresh flowers, fruits, vegetables and rice are offered. Prayers are also offered to protect the family members from every troubles. +The maibas perform rites and rituals by chanting hymns dedicated to goddess Leimaren (ancestral mother goddess). It is generally done inside the house. Water, rice and flowers are mainly placed. +Festivals. +Goddess Leimarel Sidabi and her son Sanamahi are mainly worshipped in many religious occasions. Some are Cheiraoba and "Saroi-Khangba". Cheiraoba is the Meitei new year (Manipuri new year) festival. Saroi-Khangba is a religious event to please the evil spirits. +In Arts. +The "Leimarel Sheisak" is one of the 9 singing styles (tunes) of Meitei tradition (Manipuri culture). It is sung during the festival of Lai Haraoba. +Namesakes. +In commerce. +Ima Keithel () is the world's only women run market. It has 3 major complexes. Leimarel Sidabi Ima Keithel is the Complex Number 1 of the market. It is followed by Imoinu Ima Keithel (Complex Number 2) and Phouoibi Ima Keithel (Complex Number 3). This 500 year old market is in the center of Imphal, Manipur. +In geography. +The "Leimarel Hill" is a hill in Manipur. Trekkers go here for panaromic viewing of 360 degree of Loktak Lake. + += = = List of colleges and universities in Arkansas = = = +There are 17 universities and 21 colleges in Arkansas. + += = = Irai Leima = = = +Irai Leima () or Ireima () is a goddess in Meitei mythology and religion (Sanamahism) of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). She is the goddess and the divine female personification of water and aquatic life. She is also considered to be the incharge of the diseases. +She is the consort of Irai Ningthou (literally, "king of water"). Both are regarded as the divine spirits of water bodies. +Mythology. +Irai Leima is the daughter of King Heibok Ningthou and the princess of Heibok Ching. Her father was an expert in witchcraft and black magic. Irai Leima is known for her exceptional beauty. One day, she was fishing in the Liwa river. King Kwakpa (Kokpa) of Khuman dynasty saw her and fell in love with her. He proposed her. She replied that her parents' wish will be her wish. So, King Kwakpa consulted his subjects. They presented Heibok Ningthou many presents. King Kwakpa planned to marry Irai Leima if her father agreed or to bring her by force if her father rejected. Seeing the arrogance of Kwakpa, Heibok Ningthou turned all the gifts into stone. At this, followers of Kwakpa fled the place. Kwakpa returned home disappointed. +One day, King Kwakpa got intoxicated after drinking a juice of the roots of Tera plant ("Bambax malabaricum"). He wanted to meet Irai Leima. So, he went to her place riding on a Hiyang boat. Seeing his approach, she fled to Pakhra Ching mountain. Kwakpa chased her. Seeing all these, Heibok Ningthou turned the Hiyang boat into stone and the oar into a tree. Getting angry, Kwakpa ran towards Heibok Ningthou to kill him. Then, Heibok Ningthou turned Khuman Kwakpa into a stone. Irai Leima saw all this and was afraid of her father. She left her father and ran away. She passed the Pakhra Ching, crossed the Liwa river and entered the house of Sarangthem Luwangba. She hid herself inside the granary of the house. When Sarangthem Luwangba and his good lady Thoidingjam Chanu Amurei left the house for field, Irai Leima came out from her hiding place. In the meantime, she completed all the household chores. When the couple returned home, she hid herself again. The couple got surprised at this but it happened everyday. So, one day, the man returned home earlier than usual. He found out the truth. But when he came near Irai Leima, she had disappeared below the granary. He looked under the granary but he saw nothing. He was amazed at this. So, he discussed the issue with all his clan members. They searched everywhere but didn't find her anymore. +Irai Leima appeared in the dream of Sarangthem Luwangba and told him that she was merged into his clan and became his daughter. The matter was reported to King Senbi Kiyaamba of Ningthouja dynasty. The king sent maibas and maibis to examine the case. The examiners said that the mysterious lady was a goddess and she should be worshipped. King Kiyaamba also told Luwangba to do so. From that year onwards, Irai Leima was worshipped as a goddess. +The day on which Luwangba first saw Irai Leima was the first Monday of the Meitei lunar month of "Lamta (Lamda)". And the day on which the maibas and maibis came was the first Tuesday of "Lamta (Lamda)". Still today, from the time of King Senbi Kiyaamba (1467-1508 AD), the Sarangthem family members annually hold a grand feast ("Chaklen Katpa") in honor of the goddess. Later, Irai Leima came to be known as Hiyangthang Lairembi. +Worship. +When a person gets ill after bathing in a spring, pool, stream, people believed that the water spirits (Irai Leima and Irai Ningthou) had caught the person. To get well again, people worship the two deities. For this, the maibas perform the rites and rituals. The offerings include 2 eggs and 7 bamboo vessels filled up with rice paste. +The also highly respect the deities. They offer many wild sacrifices. The sacrifices maybe a white fowl, a pig, a dog or a he-goat. +Identification with other deities. +Irai Leima ("Ireima") is considered as one of the divine manifestations of Leimarel (Leimaren), the supreme mother earth goddess. She is also described as a form of goddess Imoinu. +Irai Leima is also known as Hiyangthang Lairembi. During the reign of King Garib Niwaj (alias "Pamheiba"), goddess Hiyangthang Lairembi was converted to Hindu goddess Kamakhya (a form of Durga). The 3rd day of Durga Puja is observed as the "Bor Numit" (literally, Boon Day). + += = = Panthoibi = = = +Panthoibi () or Panthoipi () is a goddess in the Meitei mythology and religion. People in Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur) worshipped her. She is the goddess of civilization, courage, having children, making things with hands, love, winning, war and wisdom. She is married to Nongpok Ningthou. +Col. John Shakespear wrote that Panthoibi is the most famous goddess in the Meitei religion. +People talk about Panthoibi with another goddess, Leimarel Sidabi. Sometimes people think of Panthoibi and Leimarel as the same goddess. +People say Panthoibi is bold, brave, and independent. She always works for what is good and right for Meitei women. +Etymology. +The Meitei word "Panthoibi" (�������� or ��������) comes from three words, "Pan" (���), "Thoi" (��� or ���) and "Bi" (��). +"Pan" (���) means "to rule over something". +"Thoi" (��� or ���) means "to ", or "to ", or "to ", or "to ", or "to ". +In Meitei language, "Bi" ("Bee") (��) or "Pi" ("Pee") (��) means that the rest of the word has a feminine gender. For example, Thoibi is a name given to girls. It has "Thoi" and "Bi". +The word "Thoibi" (����� or �����) also means or beautiful and . +History. +People began to worship Panthoibi when the Khaba dynasty ruled the Kangla. According to the National Archives of India, the "Panthoibi Naheiron" was written before Common Era. It has Meitei language worship songs in it. +The Loyumba Shinyen text, from 1100 c.e., says the Heishnam clan worshipped Panthoibi. +The Cheitharol Kumbaba says people built the first temple to Panthoibi in 1686, and a statue in 1699. +In the 18th century, fewer people worshipped Panthoibi. This because the religion Vaishnavism became common in Manipur. Hindu King Garib Niwaj Pamheiba (1709-1748) pulled down the temples to Panthoibi. He broke the statues of her. Her last temple was built in 1700. After that, people did not build new temples until modern times. +Starting in the 18th century, people said the Meitei goddess Panthoibi was the same goddess as the Hindu goddess Durga. People worshipped her for five days in September or October. +In the 1960s, some people started to worship Panthoibi instead of Durga. +Jobs and names. +Panthoibi is proud of being female. Legend says she can change shape and has different bodies. For example, she can be Phouoibi, the goddess of grain. +Panthoibi rules birth and death. +Panthoibi as a priestess goddess. +According to the Anoirol text, the goddess Panthoibi is also "Khabi Lengnao Mombi". Khabi Lengnao Mombi is the ancient amaibi (lit. "priestess"). Different texts say different things about Panthoibi. Panthoibi was regarded as a pre-historical Maibi. Some texts say she is the goddess Nongthang Leima, another goddess amaibi. +Panthoibi as a goddess of games. +Panthoibi is a ruling deity of the "Kang" game. Kang is an indoor Meitei tradition game that people in Manipur played. Kang players pray to Panthoibi before and during the game. People believe that good players need her blessing. +Panthoibi as a goddess of potters. +Goddess Panthoibi is the goddess of all . She taught the women of Manipur to make pots. She was taught the art of pottery by goddess Leimarel Sidabi before her disappearance. She has another mythology about this. +Panthoibi as the goddess of death and fertility. +Goddess Panthoibi is part of the legend of "Haoreibi Shampubi" (alias "Haoreima"). Haoreibi Shampubi is a woman from the hills. She was killed when she went meet her lover. She turned into a ghost. People say she is an incarnation of Panthoibi. People started to think of Panthoibi as a goddess of death and fertility. +Panthoibi as the goddess of sickness. +When humans do bad things, Panthoibi does too. If a person has spit near Panthoibi's shrine, he or she will not be able to turn his or her neck. It could be healed only by a maiba. For this, the maiba will perform a ritual. +Panthoibi as the goddess of spinning and weaving. +Learned from a spider. +Goddess Panthoibi saw a spider. It was making in a corner. So Panthoibi learned to spin thread and weave cloth. +Panthoibi imitated the pattern of weaving of the spider. Later, she introduced the art of weaving. +Learned from another goddess. +In another legend, the goddess Leishambi taught Panthoibi to weave. +Mythology. +Panthoibi was very beautiful. She was a daughter of a Meitei king. Many kings and princes wanted to marry her. King Shapaiba () was one of them. He promised her he would build good roads, beautiful bridges, a big house and fish ponds. But she did not agree to marry him. Finally, Panthoibi married Tarang Khoinucha (alias Taram Khoinucha). He was the son of King Khaba Sokchrongba and Queen Teknga of the Khaba dynasty. Her marriage ceremony was wonderful. +Meeting Nongpok Ningthou. +Panthoibi first met Nongpok Ningthou (alias Angoupa Kainou Chingsangsompa) five days after her wedding. She was walking in the grass and swimming in a river. She liked his handsome looks and personality. They fell in love. Nongpok Ningthou asked her to run away from her husband and marry him. But she did not say yes then. She told him to wait. +Panthoibi and Nongpok Ningthou secretly met many times. Panthoibi's husband's parents started to think something was wrong. Tarang Khoinucha tried to win her heart many times. Panthoibi and Nongpok Ningthou ran away together. They wore clothes as disguises. +Panthoibi and Nongpok Ningthou married on the sunny side of the Nongmaiching Hills. The gods celebrated with dancing and music (by the "Langmai people" and not the "gods" in another version). This celebration was the start of the Lai Haraoba festival. +Another version. +In another way of telling the story, Panthoibi first met Nongpok Ningthou when she was helping her father at farming. The two fell in love before they had talked. But Panthoibi got married to another man even though she did not want to. Later, she left her husband's house to search for Nongpok Ningthou. Nongpok Ningthou also left his home to look for Panthoibi. The two met at the Kangla. Kangla became the place of their divine union. This is why Meitei kings do their crowning ceremony there. +Panthoibi and the Sun God. +According to the Numit Kappa text (c. 1st century), in ancient times, there were two suns in the sky. An archer hero ("many men" in some version) shot one of the suns with an arrow and hurt it. The two brother suns ran away out of the sky. They hid for ten long days. The world was dark. No men could work. Crops and cows died. Then the ten godly kings (or "kingly gods") talked to the other gods. They asked each to talk to the Sun God. None succeeded. Finally, the ten gods came to Princess Panthoibi. She showed them magical ceremonies to get the Sun God to come back. The unhurt Sun God came back, but the archer hit with the arrow did not. +Panthoibi and the weaving spider. +Panthoibi saw a spider. It was making good, thin thread. It was also making a web. From this, she started weaving. The god of weaving is female because women were the ones who wove cloth. +Pottery and human civilization. +After the first human beings, Panthoibi made them a place to live. Humans started eating and drinking. Panthoibi realised they needed someplace to put food and water. So she started making pots. In the beginning, she did not know how to make a pot. Later, she looked around. She saw a flower - "Nura Khudonglei" (""). She saw its shape. Then, she made a pot. Since then, humans could make pots for cooking food and drinking water. +Worship. +Panthoibi is mainly worshipped by the Heisnam family of Meitei ethnicity. So, she is also known as "Heisnam Lairembi" (lit. Lairembi of the Heisnam). +Identification with other deities. +Panthoibi is regarded as one of the divine incarnations of Goddess Leimarel Sidabi. She is also regarded as an incarnation of goddess Nongthang Leima. She also has many forms including Phouoibi (goddess of grains). Goddess "Haoreibi Shampubi" (alias "Haoreima") is also regarded as an incarnation of Panthoibi. +Festivals. +Panthoibi Iratpa. +"Panthoibi Iratpa" ("Panthoibi Eratpa") is a religious festival dedicated to goddess Panthoipi. It is celebrated every year. +Lai Haraoba. +The Lai Haraoba festival is about Panthoibi and Nongpok Ningthou. There are legends and writings about them in Ancient Manipur. +In art. +Panthoibi Jagoi. +"Panthoibi Jagoi" is a dance form in which two people dnace together while a maibi and a "Pena Khongba" (pena player) play a love song about Panthoibi and Nongpok Ningthou. It also depicts the process of weaving. +Panthoibi Sheishak. +"Panthoibi Sheishak" is a song in the Lai Haraoba festival. pena players play the song. It is about Panthoibi searching for Nongpok Ningthou. +It is one of the nine singing ways of singing in the Lai Haraoba. +Tangkhul Nurabi Loutaba. +"Tangkhul Nurabi Loutaba" is play about what Tangkhul Pakhang (an incarnation of Nongpok Ningthou) and Tangkhul Nurabi (an incarnation of Panthoibi) said to each other. The two players wear costumes of farming in the field. The play is on the last night of the Kanglei Haraoba (one of the 4 forms of Lai Haraoba festival). +Namesakes. +Commerce. +Panthoibi Emporium. +The "Panthoibi Emporium" is a place for buying and selling things in New Delhi, India. +Panthoibi Housing. +The "Panthoibi Housing Finance Company Limited" is a housing financial company. Its office is near Flyover bridge in Uripok Tourangbam Leikai in Imphal. +Panthoibi Manipur Handicrafts Emporium. +The "Panthoibi Manipur Handicrafts Emporium" is a place in Delhi, India. It stores handmade by-products made of silk from Manipur. + += = = Johnny Speight = = = +Johnny Speight (2 June 1920 – 5 July 1998) was an English television screenwriter who wrote many British sitcoms like "Till Death Us Do Part" and "In Sickness and in Health". Speight also wrote some episodes of "All in the Family". He wrote for people who had radio shows like Cyril Fletcher and Frankie Howard. He was born in Canning Town, London. +Speight died from pancreatic cancer on 5 July 1998 at his home in Chorleywood, aged 78. + += = = Nongthang Leima = = = +Nongthang Leima () is the goddess of seduction, thunder and lightning in Meitei mythology and religion. She was created by Atingkok (or Salailen) to attract Haraba (Pakhangba). +She mastered thunder and lightning in the chaos in the early world. She predicted the first rain. +She limits the chaos and helps creation. +Etymology. +The female first name "Nongthang Leima" (������ ���) is made up of two Meitei language words, "Nongthang" (������, /noŋ.tháŋ/) and "Leima" (���, /lə�i.ma/). In Meitei language (Manipuri language), "Nongthang" (������, /noŋ.tháŋ/) means lightning. The word "Nongthang" (������, /noŋ.tháŋ/) itself is also made up of two words, "Nong" (���, /noŋ/) and "Thāng" (���, /tháŋ/). "Nong" (���, /noŋ/) means rain and "Thāng" (���, /tháŋ/) means sword. +In Meitei language (Manipuri language), "Leima" (���, /lə�i.ma/) means queen. The word "Leima" (���, /lə�i.ma/) itself is made up of two words "Lei" (��, /lə�i/) and "Ma" (�, /ma/). "Lei" (��, /lə�i/) means land and "Ma" (�, /ma/) means mother. +Description. +Nongthang Leima is a pre-historical maibi. She is the first goddess maibi to compose a dance form. Later, her dance form was reposessed by other goddesses. +Mythology. +Birth. +Sanamahi (Ashiba) was creating the earth. But he was frequently disturbed by his younger brother, Pakhangba (Haraba). Unable to do any work, Sanamahi complained about the matter to their father, Salailen (or Atingkok according to different versions of stories). Salailen produced a divine feminine being. He released her into the great space (void) of the universe (cosmos). In the vast emptiness of the great space (void), the divine feminine being became a beautiful and radiant goddess. She was named "Nongthang Leima", the Queen of Lightning. +In another version of the story, Sidaba ordered Sidabi to produce "Nongthang Leima", the divine female being to lure the destroyer from the cosmic creation. +Seduction (Attraction). +Nongthang Leima, the Queen of Lightning, filled the empty space (void) with bright light. Seeing her, Pakhangba (Haraba) fell in love with her. He forgot about bothering his elder brother in the creation of the earth. Haraba came to her in the great space. During that time, Sanamahi (Ashiba) completed his creation of the earth. +Family. +When Ashiba (Sanamahi) saw Nongthang Leima, he wanted to marry her. Thus, they united. +So, Nongthang Leima was the wife of both Sanamahi (Ashiba) and Pakhangba (Haraba). +Nongthang Leima is also known as "Langmai Sana Chingjaroibi" (). With the union of Chingjaroibi and Sanamahi, a son named Laisang Khekwaiba was born. +Two divine forms. +According to "Politics, society, and cosmology in India's North East" written by N. Vijaylakshmi, the goddess Nongthang Leima (Nongthang Lairembi) took two divine forms after the completion of the creation of the earth. One form is Panthoibi. This form lives in the home of gods. Another form is "Apanthoibi". This form lives among the living beings. +Music. +Among the nine forms of musical rhythms ("Seisak"s) of Pena (musical instrument), Nongthang Leima Seisak is one. All these rhythms are categorised into three movements, slow rhythm, medium rhythm and fast rhythm. Nongthang Leima song belongs to the fast rhythm. +Festival. +During the Lai Haraoba festival, devotees dance to please various deities. Among them, male dancers act after the styles of Haraba (alias Pakhangba) and female dancers act after the styles of goddess Nongthang Leima. Goddess Nongthang Leima represents the lightning. +Identification with other deities. +Goddess Nongthang Leima is often identified as Leimarel Sidabi. The former is considered as an incarnation of the latter. + += = = List of high schools in Arkansas = = = +Arkansas is a state located at the United States in the Southern Region there are 457 schools in Arkansas and 17 universities: + += = = All-dressed = = = +All-dressed chips are a potato chip flavour, popular in Canada. The flavour is a combination of barbecue, ketchup, sour cream and onion, and salt and vinegar flavours. +In 2016, American food manufacturer Frito-Lay began to sell their all-dressed Ruffles potato chip in the United States. + += = = Paul Girvan = = = +William Paul Girvan (born 6 July 1963) is a Northern Irish politician of the Democratic Unionist Party. +He has been an MP for South Antrim since 2017, and was a member of the Northern Ireland Assembly from 2010 to 2017. +He was also mayor of Newtownabbey Borough Council from 2002 to 2004. + += = = Metropolitan City of Milan = = = +The Metropolitan City of Milan is a metropolitan city (not to be confused with the metropolitan area) in the Lombardy region, Italy. It is the second biggest metropolitan city in the nation after the Metropolitan City of Rome. Its capital is the city of Milan. It replaced the Province of Milan and includes the city of Milan and other 133 municipalities or communes ("comuni"). It was first created by the reform of local authorities (Law 142/1990) and then established by the Law 56/2014. It started on 1 January 2015. + += = = José Gálvez Ginachero = = = +José Gálvez Ginachero (29 September 1866 – 29 April 1952) was a Spanish Roman Catholic physician. He was known for his care for the poor and his meticulous attention to medical practices. This earned him accolades in recognition of his importance to the Málaga social arena and earn him praise from the nation's monarchs. + += = = Peak-end rule = = = +The peak-end rule is a psychological term proposed by and Daniel Kahneman. It suggests the following: When evaluating an experience, people do not recall details in every moment they experienced. People mainly recall what happened and how they felt at the peak and the end of the event. The peak is the time when they had the strongest emotion. Our feelings at the peak and the end of the event decide what people generally feel about an experience. The feelings at the peak and the end take up similar weights, which means the memory of the experience is the average of the two. +The peak-end rule is a form of . When evaluating past experiences, people concentrate on the peak and the end while other parts of the experience are neglected. How long they have had the experience, is neglected. +According to peak-end rule, humans use false memories to form preferences and make decisions. Thus, decisions are very unlikely to lead to the best outcome they want. By contrast, the standard economics suggests that humans can always choose something that serves them the best, producing the largest net pleasantness. The establishment of the theory is evidence against the rational choice theory. +First establishment and one scientific example. +The peak–end rule was first established by Daniel Kahneman and others in 1993. In the experiment, participants were divided into two groups. They had to undergo an unpleasant experience. Everything else was the same, except for one group who had to go through an extra, less unpleasant experience at the end. Let us call this group Group B and previous group Group A. +The researchers concluded that the most unpleasant, the peak, and the final intensity of unpleasantness, the end were used to evaluate the procedure. In this case, the end of Group B is less unpleasant. At the same time, the peak of both Group A and Group B were the same. Thus, the sum of the unpleasantness of the peak and the end was less for Group B. As a result, participants from Group B found the experience less unpleasant, although for both the duration of and the sum of unpleasantness, Group A < Group B. +Explanations. +Why only the peak and the end? +The peak-end rule is a type of . The peak and the end simplify and represent the whole experience. It reduces people's and helps people make quick decisions.From an evolutionary point of view, emotion related memories help us survive, keep us safe. For example, fear related memories help us recognize and better deal with dangerous situations. +The peak is memorable. +When memory sticks, it lasts longer and can be recalled easier. Memories associated with strong emotions stick. Experiments were done to prove strong emotion-related things are recalled more often. An experiment done by found a biological explanation for this. +The end is memorable. +Why our memory prefers what happened at the end can be explained by the recency effect. suggests that we consider recent events to be more important. What happens at the end of an experience is more recent to us. Thus, we consider the things that happen at the end of an experience to be more important. The end is more memorable than other parts. +Application. +How to leave a good impression. +Adding a positive peak can establish a good memory of an experience even though there may be unimportant unpleasant moments in between. This technique has been applied to many fields, for example, the business field. When customers are leaving, salesmen help the customer hold the door. This act leaves a good final and overall impression. Another example is in the educational field. To make receiving negative feedback more acceptable, ending with the most pleasant part of the feedback will help. +Become regulars. +People's memories of an experience influence their decision making. Adding a good end encourages people to experience the event a second time. Some medical procedures are too painful for the patients to repeat. Adding something positive at the end creates a more positive impression of the experience. After doing so, there is a smaller probability the patient is unwilling to receive the treatment a second time. Then, patients can more effectively recover with a less total cost and shorter time. +A negative end. +Inversely, a negative end ruins the memory of an experience even though everything before was perfect.If a person wants themselves or other people to do something less, adding a negative end to the experience helps. +Reflect on our own experiences. +People's memories of their experiences are not what they experienced. So, relying on our memories to make decisions does not lead to the highest net pleasure. To experience the net largest amount of pleasure, people should spend as much time as possible on things that they are unwilling to stop doing. +Restrictions and criticisms. +Studies found that other factors influence the peak-end rule. Firstly, the expectation. A high expectation is compared with the actual experience at the start. If a difference exists, the starting experience will be the most important factor in overall experience evaluation. The peak-end rule is more likely to be applicable to lower expectation situations. Secondly, one study finds that the effect of peak-end law is small on one day experiences. Moreover, some people are easily affected by the rule but others are not. Thirdly, according to and Carmon, how we feel at the moment of evaluation also affects the outcome. + += = = Loss aversion = = = +In the 2014 municipal election in Beaucaire, the list he is leading leads the second round in a quadrangular format, with 39.8% of the votes. + += = = Blood on the Land = = = +Blood on the Land (, translit. To Homa vaftike kokkino) is a 1966 Greek western drama movie directed by Vasilis Georgiadis and starring Nikos Kourkoulos, Mary Chronopoulou, Giannis Voglis, Faidon Georgitsis, Notis Peryalis. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1967. + += = = The Protector = = = +The Protector is a 1985 Hong Kong American action movie directed by James Glickenhaus (who also stars) and starring Jackie Chan, Danny Aiello, Moon Lee, Roy Chiao, Becky Ann Baker, Sally Yeh. It was distributed by Warner Bros. and was a box office disaster. + += = = Wheels on Meals = = = +Wheels on Meals is a 1984 Hong Kong action comedy movie directed by Sammo Hung (who also stars) and starring Jackie Chan, Yuen Biao, Lola Forner, Benny Urquidez, Keith Vitali, Herb Edelman. It was distributed by Golden Harvest. + += = = Of Mice and Men (1939 movie) = = = +Of Mice and Men is a 1939 American drama movie directed by Lewis Milestone and based on the 1937 novel of the same name by John Steinbeck. It stars Burgess Meredith, Betty Field, Lou Chaney Jr., Charles Bickford, Noah Beery Jr., Leigh Whipper and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for 4 Academy Awards in 1940. + += = = 57th Street–Seventh Avenue station = = = +57th Street–Seventh Avenue is an express station on the BMT Broadway Line of the New York City Subway. Located in Midtown Manhattan at the intersection of 57th Street and Seventh Avenue, it is served by the N and Q trains at all times, The R train at all times except late nights, and the W train on weekdays. +On the subway map and on announcements, the station is called 57th Street–Seventh Avenue but is also sometimes called Midtown–57th Street. Is directly adjacent to Carnegie Hall. +When you exit the station, you could see the One57 and Central Park Tower. +Sometimes, F trains enter this station and other stations Via Broadway and 59th Street to the station north and the station south +This station is for N, Q, R and W trains +After this station, the next stations will be 5th Avenue 59th Street, Lexington Avenue 63rd Street, 49th Street and Times Square 42nd Street. + += = = Pike County, Georgia = = = +Pike County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 18,889 people lived there. The county seat is Zebulon. + += = = Spiritual Kung Fu = = = +Spiritual Kung-Fu () (Quan Jing) is a 1978 Hong Kong Taiwanese action movie directed by Lo Wei and starring Jackie Chan, Kao Kuang, Dean Shek, James Tien, Yee Fat, Yuen Biao. + += = = Anita Filipovics = = = +Anita Filipovics (born 9 April 1988) is a Hungarian volleyball player. She played at the 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship European qualification, and 2011 Women's European Volleyball League. In 2005, she was the Hungarian Women's Volleyball League champion, with Vasas SC. +She played for Vasas SC, Crema Volley, Volleyball Santa Croce, and Volley 2002 Forlì. + += = = Kai Wiedenhöfer = = = +Kai Wiedenhöfer (born 3 March 1966 Schwenningen, died 9 January 2024) was a German photojournalist. He won a 2009 Carmignac Photojournalism Award, 2010 Brandenburg Photography Art Prize, and 2016 Carl von Ossietzky Medal. +Life. +He studied at Folkwang University of the Arts. He received a 2002 W. Eugene Smith Grant. +From 2003 to 2006, he covered the Israeli West Bank barrier. In 2008, he covered Northern Ireland. + += = = The Super Inframan = = = +The Super Inframan or "Chinese Superman", "Infra-Man" in United States, is a 1975 Hong Kong science fiction action fantasy superhero movie produced by Shaw Brothers in 1975. they released in United States for 1976 as English-dubbed version, "Infra-Man" by Joseph Brenner Associates. special effects done by Michio Mikami. +Plot. +in August 11, 1974, Hong Kong, Princess Dragon Mom is awaken in middle of hundreds of years ago taken from the earth to destruction by was the whole army mutated-monsters by herself. Reima transformed to a bionically-superhuman known as "Inframan" to fight evil beings and save the world. +Cast. +Additional voices of the 1976 English dub cast includes: Edie McClurg, Michael Bell, Melanie Chartoff, Lorenzo Music, Mitzi Mccall. + += = = Satbayev (city) = = = +Satpayev () is a city in Karaganda Region, Kazakhstan. In 2019, the population of the city was 69,782 people. The city is named after Kanysh Satbayev. He was one of the founders of Soviet metallogeny and the first director of Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences. +History. +"Satpayev" was originally founded in 1954 for miners from Jezkazgan. In 1956, it was renamed to Nikolsk. In 1973, Nikolsk received town status. It was given the name Satpaev in 1990. +Transportation. +Air transportation is served by the near Zhezkazgan Airport. + += = = Kanysh Satbayev = = = +Kanysh Imantayuli Satbayev (31 March, 1899 – 31 January, 1964) was one of the founders of Soviet metallogeny, principal advocate and the first director of Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences. + += = = Henderson Island (Pitcairn Islands) = = = +Henderson Island is an uninhabited island in the south Pacific Ocean. The island was also called San Juan Bautista and Elizabeth Island in the past. With Pitcairn, Oeno and Ducie Islands it forms the Pitcairn Island Group. +It is one of the world's last two raised coral atolls whose ecosystems remain relatively unaffected by human contact. A 2017 survey found a large amount of plastic debris on its beaches. Ten of its 51 flowering plants, all four of its land birds and about a third of the identified insects and gastropods are endemic – a remarkable diversity given the island's size. +The island is small: it measures by . It has an area of . It is located northeast of Pitcairn Island. It has poor soil and little fresh water. This makes it unsuitable for agriculture. There are three beaches on the northern end. The rest of the coast is made of steep cliffs up to in height. +In 1902 Henderson was added to the Pitcairn Islands colony. The Pitcairn Islands are a South Pacific British Overseas Territory. United Nations made it a World Heritage Site in 1988. +History. +Archaeological evidence suggests that a small permanent Polynesian settlement existed on Henderson at some time between the twelfth and fifteenth centuries. The reasons, why the group disappeared from the island are unknown. At about the same time, Polynesians also left Pitcairn Island. The group on Henderson would have depended on the group on Pitcairn for many things of daily life; there's no stone suitable for making tools on Henderson. The Pitcairn Polynesians may in turn have disappeared because of the decline of nearby Mangareva; Henderson was at the end of a chain of small, dependent colonies of Mangareva. +On 29 January 1606, Portuguese captain Pedro Fernandes de Queirós, was the first European to see the island, and named it "San Juan Bautista". He was leading a Spanish expedition at the time. Captain Henderson of the British East India Company ship "Hercules" rediscovered the island on 17 January 1819. Thomas Raine (1793-1860), master of the ship "Surry" of London, had called it "Henderson's Island" as it appeared to him from the conversation he had with James Henderson at Valparaiso to be his discovery on his last voyage to India from that port in the ship "Hercules". On 2 March 1819, Captain Henry King, in the "Elizabeth", landed on the island to find the king's colors already flying. His crew scratched the name of their ship into a tree. +A sperm whale rammed and sank the Nantucket whaleship Essex on 20 November 1820. The crew arrived at Henderson on 20 December in three small whaleboats. They found the island's only known drinkable water-source – a brackish spring on the north shore, exposed at half tide – and ate fish, birds, eggs, crabs and peppergrass, but they had largely exhausted the available food within a week. On 27 December the three boats set sail for South America, leaving behind Thomas Chappel, Seth Weeks, and William Wright, who chose to stay. They survived until their rescue on 9 April 1821. In his account of the ordeal, Chappel reported having seen human skeletons in a cave. The report of sperm whale ramming the ship may have inspired Herman Melville to write "Moby-Dick" +In August 1851, visitors from Pitcairn Island also found skeletons in a cave and wreckage on the beach next to the cave. After a party of Pitcairn Islanders collecting miro wood rediscovered the skeletons in March 1958, a medical examination determined that the bones were of Caucasian origin, and they were then buried in a shallow grave inside the cave. An American survey team examined the bones in 1966 and buried them in five coffins in the left-hand corner of the cave, tightly jamming a large cross between the ceiling and the rock floor at the entrance. They concluded the remains were of five or six people, one of whom was between three and five years of age. It was presumed they were the survivors of a shipwreck who died of dehydration. +A final examination in the context of a scientific expedition in 1991 concluded that the human remains on Henderson Island were prehistoric Polynesians. +In 1902, Henderson Island, along with Oeno and Ducie islands, was formally annexed to the British Empire by Captain G. F. Jones, who visited the islands in a cutter with a crew of Pitcairn Islanders. In August 1937, HMS Leander, on a journey from Europe to New Zealand, carried out an aerial survey of Henderson, Oeno and Ducie, and on each island, a British flag was planted and an inscription was nailed up proclaiming: "This island belongs to H.B.M. King George VI." +In 1957, a 27-year-old American, Robert Tomarchin, lived the life of a castaway on the island for approximately 2 months, accompanied by a pet chimpanzee, apparently as a publicity stunt, until people from Pitcairn rescued him in two longboats. +In the early 1980s, conservative American businessman Arthur "Smiley" Ratliff expressed interest in establishing a mansion for himself on the island, with an airstrip. The Pitcairn Island Council approved his plans but, after environmentalists lobbied to protect the natural ecology and environment of the island, the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office overrode the decision and vetoed the proposed development. Henderson Island was listed as a World Heritage Site in 1988. +Natural resources. +Since the introduction of aluminum-hulled long-boats in the 20th century, Pitcairners have made regular trips to Henderson to harvest the wood of "miro" and tou trees. Usually, they go to Henderson once per year, but they may make up to three trips if the weather is favourable. Pitcairners carve the wood into curios for tourists, from which they get much of their income. +Geography. +Henderson Island is a raised coral atoll. With Pitcairn, Ducie and Oeno islands, forms the Pitcairn Island Group. The nearest major landmass is more than away. This coral limestone island sits atop a conical (presumed volcanic) mound, rising from a depth of roughly . Its surface is mostly reef-rubble and dissected limestone. Except for the north end, the island is encircled by steep limestone cliffs up to high. +There are three main beaches, on the northwest, north, and northeast shores. The north and northwest beaches are on the border of reefs. The depression at the island's center is thought to be a raised lagoon. There is only one known source of drinking water on the island: a brackish spring on the north shore exposed at half tide, rising from a crevice in flat rock, large surfaces of which compose the face of the beach. The surrounding ocean tidal range is about one meter at spring tide. +Flora. +Apart from five species bordering the beaches, including coconut palms, the vegetation is undisturbed. Henderson Island is covered by 5–10 m tall tangled scrub forest. There is less forest in the central depression. It has 51 native species of flowering plants, ten of which are unique to the island (endemic). Dominant tree species include coconut palms, "Pandanus tectorius"," Thespesia populnea" (miro), "Tournefortia argentea", "Cordia subcordata" (tou), "Guettarda speciosa", "Pisonia grandis", "Geniostoma hendersonense", "Nesoluma st.-johnianum", "Hernandia stokesii", "Myrsine hosakae", and "Celtis sp." +Fauna. +Birds. +The island is presently home to four endemic land bird species – the Henderson fruit dove, Henderson lorikeet, Henderson reed warbler and the flightless Henderson crake. Three species of the family Columbidae were formerly endemic to the island. They became extinct when the Polynesians arrived around 1000 CE. Of the fifteen non-endemic seabird species found, nine or more probably breed on the island. Breeding colonies of the globally endangered Henderson petrel formerly existed on Ducie but were wiped out by invasive rats by 1922. It is believed to now nest uniquely on Henderson island. +Bones of birds have been found near the prehistoric settlements. These settlements existed 500 to 800 years ago. The bones found include those of two species of bird that still visit the island, but do not nest there: The Christmas shearwater and red-footed booby. There are alos bones of four bird species that can no longer be found on the island at all. Polynesian settlers may have driven these bird species, along with six terrestrial snail species to extinction on the island. This loss of a ready and regular food supply may have contributed to the Polynesians' disappearance. The island has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area for its endemic landbirds and breeding seabirds. +Other animals. +The invertebrate species are largely unknown but a third of the island's known non-marine gastropods and insects are endemic. There are no native mammals but the Pacific rat, introduced by Polynesians 800 years ago, abounds. A skink and the green sea turtle have been identified, and an unidentified gecko has been reported. There are also crabs. +Biological risk. +Land bird populations appear to be relatively stable. The big problem is that when yachts land on the island without authorization, they introduce new predators, disease vectors or diseases. Introduction of the Eurasian black rat or the domestic cat would be likely to cause almost immediate extinction of the ground-dwelling Henderson crake and possibly other species. The endemic birds may have no immunity to the fatal avian pox which is transmitted by biting flies. +Between July and November 2011 a partnership of the Pitcairn Islands Government and the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds started a program to eradicate the Pacific rat using poison. The program was very successful. Before the program, between 50.000 and 100.000 rats lived on the island. The poison killed almost all of them. Between 60 and 80 rats survived and the population has now fully recovered. +Plastic debris. +Research published in April 2017 looked at debris on several beaches, and reported "the highest density of plastic rubbish anywhere in the world" as a result of the South Pacific Gyre. The beaches contain an estimated 37.7 million items of debris. There weight is estimated at 17.6 tonnes. When a study was done on North Beach, each day 17 to 268 new items washed up on a 10-meter section of the beach. The study noted that purple hermit crabs make their homes in plastic containers washed up on beaches; the debris may reduce shoreline gastropod diversity, may contribute to a reduction in the number of sea turtle laying attempts and may increase the risk of entanglement for coastal-nesting seabirds. + += = = Dhar district = = = +Dhar district is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. The historic town of Dhar is administrative headquarters of the district. + += = = Prosperity theology = = = +Prosperity theology is a religious belief that if the believer is wealthy and in good health, this is always the will of God. It is most common among certain groups of Protestant Christians. It is also known as prosperity gospel, the health and wealth gospel, the gospel of success, or seed faith. These groups also believe that faith, positive speech, and donations to religious causes will increase one's material wealth. Prosperity theology sees the Bible as a contract between God and humans: if humans have faith in God, he will deliver security and prosperity. +The doctrine says that it is God's will for his people to be blessed. The atonement is interpreted to include the healing of sickness and lessening of poverty. Both are curses that can be broken by faith. This is believed to be achieved through donations of money, visualization, and positive confession. +Groups in favor of prosperity theology started in the United States in the 1950s. The origins may go back to a movement callled New Thought, which started in the 19th century. The basic ideas were important for another movement, called Word of Faith. In the 1980s televangelism was sometimes successful because of these ideas. In the 1990s and 2000s, prosperity theology was adopted by influential leaders in the Pentecostal Movement and Charismatic Movement in the United States and has spread throughout the world. Prominent leaders in the development of prosperity theology include E. W. Kenyon, Oral Roberts, A. A. Allen, Robert Tilton, T. L. Osborn, Joel Osteen, Creflo Dollar,[8] Kenneth Copeland, Reverend Ike, and Kenneth Hagin. +Leaders from other Christian novements have critiziced prosperity theology: They say that it is irresponsible, promotes idolatry, and is contrary to scripture. Secular as well as some Christian observers have also criticized prosperity theology: They say it exploits the poor. The practices of some preachers have attracted scandal and some have been charged with financial fraud. +Notable works in favor of prosperity theology. +Notable works that advocate prosperity theology include:[8] + += = = My Boyfriend Is an Angel = = = +My Boyfriend Is an Angel () is a 2012 Russian comedy movie directed by Vera Storozheva. It stars Artur Smolyaninov, Anna Starshenbaum, Sergey Puskepalis, Nikita Efremov and Irina Khakamada. + += = = Sousse Governorate = = = +Sousse Governorate ( "") is one of the twenty-four governorates of Tunisia. It is in the northeastern part of the country. It covers an area of 2,621 km2. As of the 2014 census, 674,971 people lived there. The capital is Sousse. + += = = Marc Laidlaw = = = +Marc Laidlaw (born August 3, 1960) is an American science fiction and horror writer. He is most famous for working on "Half-Life" series. +Biography. +Marc Ladlaw was born in Laguna Beach, California. He went to the University of Oregon. He wrote short stories and novels. His first novel "Dad's Nuke" was published in 1985. He worked as a legal secretary in San Francisco. +He joined Valve Corporation to work on Valve's first game, "Half-Life". He worked on the story and level design of the game. In January 2016, he said that he left Valve.. +On August 25, 2017, Laidlaw published "Epistle 3". It tells his vision on the storyline of "Half-Life 2: Episode Three" he had during the time he worked at Valve. +Books. +Laidlaw had also wrote many short stories. + += = = 34th Street-Herald Square = = = +34th Street - Herald Square is an underground station complex on the BMT Broadway Line and the IND Sixth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway, and is the third buisiest station in the system with 39,672,507 passengers entering the station in 2017. It is located in Herald Square in Midtown Manhattan where 34th Street, Broadway and Sixth Avenue (Avenue of Americas ) intersect and it is served by the D, F, N, and Q trains at all times, R train at all times except late nights, B, M, and W trains on weekdays and <F> train during rush hours in the peak direction. This station is for B, D, F, M, N, Q, R, and W trains. But sometimes, E trains and other trains enter this station via 6th Avenue to World Trade Center or Jamaica Center or other stations. +After this station on the Sixth Avenue Local, the next stations will be 23rd Street and 42nd Street Bryant Park. +After this station on the Sixth Avenue Express, the next stations will be West 4th Street and 42nd Street Bryant Park. +After this station on the Broadway Local, the next stations will be 28th Street and Times Square 42nd Street. +After this station on the Broadway Express, the next stations will be Times Square 42nd Street and 14th Street Union Square. + += = = 23rd Street station (IND Sixth Avenue Line) = = = +23rd Street is a local station on the IND Sixth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of 23rd Street and Sixth Avenue (Avenue of Americas ) in Manhattan. It is served by the F train at all times, the M train during weekdays, and by the <F> train during rush hours in the peak direction. This station and 14th Street Station are only two local stations on the Sixth Avenue Line. +The 23rd Street station of the IND Sixth Avenue Line shares the entrance with the 23rd Street station of the PATH, which is located in between this station's two side platforms. This station is for F and M trains. +Sometimes, E trains and other trains enter this station via 6th Avenue to World Trade Center or Jamaica Center or other stations . +After this station, the next stations will be 34th Street Herald Square and 14th Street . + += = = Desert island = = = +A desert island is an island where no people live. More commonly they are called uninhabited islands. Sometimes the name is also used for an islet or atoll. Very often, such places are seen as close to paradise. Most islands in the world are uninhabited. +The reason why an island is uninhabited are often practical: +Among the biggest uninhabited islands: + += = = Tubbs Fire = = = +The Tubbs Fire was a fire that burned from October 8 to October 31, 2017. It started in Calistoga, California because of a private power line that fell down during a wind storm. + += = = Richard Bremmer = = = +Richard Bremmer (born 27 January 1953) is a British actor. He is best known for playing Lord Voldemort in the movie adaptation of "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone". + += = = Zafarana wind farm = = = +Zaafarana wind farm is a wind power plant located in Ras Gharib, which belongs to the Red Sea Governorate. It is one of the first farms to be established to produce wind energy in Egypt, with an area of ​​120 square kilometres, and produces a third of what the High Dam produces, and was established in eight phases between 2000 and 2010, and is the second largest farm in East Africa after Gabel El Zeit Wind farm, that produces 580 MW. +Al-Zafarana farm for producing electricity from wind energy has 700 turbines, and it produces energy in different quantities. The construction of the Zaafarana station was funded with soft loans from Denmark, Spain, Japan, and Germany, and it was built at a cost of 110 million euros, and the station is entirely affiliated with the New and Renewable Energy Authority. + += = = Caledonia, Illinois = = = +Caledonia is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Camargo, Illinois = = = +Camargo is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Tataouine Governorate = = = +Tataouine Governorate ( "") is one of the twenty-four governorates of Tunisia. It is in the southern part of the country, the only one to border both Algeria and Libya. It is also the largest governorate of the country by area. It covers an area of 38,889 km2. As of the 2014 census, 149,453 people lived there. The capital is Tataouine. + += = = Tozeur Governorate = = = +Tozeur Governorate ( "") is the westernmost of the 24 governorates of Tunisia and is on the border with Algeria. It covers an area of 4,719 km2. As of the 2014 census, 107,912 people lived there that makes it the smallest governorate of the country by population. The capital is Tozeur. + += = = Marine Dafeur = = = +Marine Dafeur (born 20 October 1994) is a French footballer. +She played for the France women's national football team at the 2013 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship, 2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, and 2015 Algarve Cup, winning a silver medal. +She played for En Avant de Guingamp, and Lille OSC. + += = = 14th Street/Sixth Avenue station = = = +14th Street is a local station on the IND Sixth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of 14th Street and Sixth ftAvenue (Avenue of Americas) in Manhattan, it is served by the F train at all times, the M train on weekdays, and by the <F> train during rush hours in the peak direction. This station and 23rd Street Station are only two local stations on the Sixth Avenue Line. +The 14th Street Station of the IND Sixth Avenue Line shares the entrance with 14th Street station of the PATH, which is located in between this station's two side platforms. This station is for F and M trains. +Sometimes, E trains and other trains enter this station via 6th Avenue to World Trade Center or Jamaica Center or other stations . +After this station, the next stations will be 23rd Street and West 4th Street Washington Square . + += = = The Man with the Golden Gun (movie) = = = +The Man with the Golden Gun is a 1974 British spy movie directed by Guy Hamilton and is the ninth movie in the "James Bond" franchise. It is the second to star Roger Moore as the fictional MI6 agent James Bond and also stars Christopher Lee, Britt Ekland, Maud Adams, Hervé Villechaize, Clifton James, Richard Loo, Soon-Tek Oh, Marc Lawrence, Bernard Lee, Lois Maxwell, Marne Maitland, Desmond Llewelyn. The movie is based on the 1965 novel of the same name by Ian Fleming and was distributed by United Artists. Lulu sings the title song of the movie. + += = = Rachel Melhado = = = +Rachel Yvonne Melhado (born September 24, 1992) is a Canadian former professional soccer player. She played for the Canadian women's national soccer team at the 2012 CONCACAF Women’s Under-20 Championship, winning a silver medal, and at the 2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup. +She played for University of Louisville, Toronto Lady Lynx, Seattle Sounders Women, Herforder SV, and FF USV Jena. + += = = Thunderball (movie) = = = +Thunderball is a 1965 British spy movie directed by Terence Young and is the 4th movie in the "James Bond" franchise. It stars Sean Connery as the fictional MI6 agent James Bond, Claudine Auger, Adolfo Celi, Luciana Paluzzi, Rik Van Nutter and was distributed by United Artists. It won an Academy Award in 1966. +Tom Jones sings the title song of the movie. The original main title song to Thunderball was titled "Mr. Kiss Kiss, Bang Bang" which was also the original title of the movie, and was first sung by Shirley Bassey, and then by Dionne Warwick. However, the song was later dropped because of its length. A new shorter song was composed named "Thunderball" and the movie name was changed to that title. The song "Mr. Kiss Kiss, Bang Bang" is not in the movie, but its version sung by Warwick is in the album also named "Thunderball". + += = = Josh Charles = = = +Joshua Aaron Charles (born September 15, 1971) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Dan Rydell on the television series "Sports Night" and Will Gardner on the CBS legal drama television series "The Good Wife". + += = = Mike & Molly = = = +Mike & Molly is an American television sitcom on CBS that aired from 2010 to 2016. + += = = Loraine, Illinois = = = +Loraine is a village in Illinois in the United States. + += = = Rome (TV series) = = = +Rome is a British-American-Italian historical drama television series on HBO. + += = = Big Love = = = +Big Love is an American television drama series that aired on HBO from March 2006 to March 2011. It is about an extreme Mormon family, in which the man has several wives. This practice is called polygamy. + += = = Sakaka solar plant = = = +The Sakaka solar plant Project is a 300-megawatt solar photovoltaic farm that was developed at a site of 6 square kilometres near Sakaka in the Al-Jawf region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It is developed and managed by Sakaka Solar Company (SSEC). the plant is a joint venture between AquaPower 70% and SSEC at 30%. It is the first utility-scale solar project in Saudi Arabia. The work on the $320 million farm started in November 2018 and was connected to the local network in November 2019. + += = = Bethpage = = = +Bethpage is a hamlet on Long Island. It is in Nassau County, New York. + += = = Dharma & Greg = = = +Dharma & Greg is an American sitcom television series that originally aired on ABC from 1997 to 2002, for five seasons. + += = = Bill Prady = = = +Bill Prady (born June 7, 1960) is an American television writer and producer who has worked on American sitcoms and variety programs, including "The Big Bang Theory". + += = = Mark Cendrowski = = = +Mark Michael Cendrowski (born August 5, 1959) is an American television director. He is best known as the director of many episodes of "The Big Bang Theory". + += = = Kevin Sussman = = = +Kevin Sussman (born December 4, 1970) is an American actor. With the sixth season of The Big Bang Theory, he was promoted to a series regular. + += = = Laura Spencer (actress) = = = +Laura Spencer (born May 8, 1986) is an American actress. + += = = Karacahisar castle = = = +Karacahisar Castle (sometimes spelled as Karajahisar Castle) is a Byzantine castle built on a plateau. It is near the Porsuk River, southwest of Eskişehir, Turkey. Karacahisar Castle stands above sea level. It is surrounded with walls and covers an area of 60,000 square meters. +The Turks settled in the region and called it Karajshahir. In 1299 Osman I appointed judge and imam . After possessing the Karacahisar castle, Osman advanced on the Byzantine lands and expanded the borders of the emirate. The conquest of Karacahisar was important in laying the foundation for the Ottoman Empire. + += = = Amager Bakke = = = +Amager Bakke, also known as the Amager Slope or Copenhill, is a joint power plant for converting waste to energy and a sports park in Amager, Copenhagen, Denmark. The plant opened in 2017, and partially replaced the nearby old waste incineration plant in Amager, which is being converted from coal to biomass (expected to be completed in 2020). The two plants play a major role in Copenhagen's ambition to reach zero carbon emissions in 2025. + += = = Talent show = = = +Talent shows (or talent contests) have become a notable genre of reality television, such as Notun Kuri (1976), Star Search (1983), Soundmixshow (1985), Popstars (1999), Star Academy (2001), Idol (2001), Last Comic Standing (2003), Dancing with the Stars (2004), The X Factor (2004), So You Think You Can Dance (2005), Got Talent (2006), The Sing-Off (2009), The Voice (2010), Rising Star (2013), Tri Akkorda (Russian talent show) (2014), Masked Singer (2015), World of Dance (2017), The Four: Battle for Stardom (2018), All Together Now (2018) and The World's Best (2019). + += = = Brian Friedman = = = +Brian Friedman (born May 28, 1977) is an American dancer. + += = = Electra (1962 movie) = = = +Electra ( "Ilektra") is a 1962 Greek drama movie directed by Michael Cacoyannis and based on the play of the same name by Euripides. It stars Irene Papas, Giannis Fertis, Aleka Katselli, Manos Katrakis and was nominated for an Academy Awards in 1963. + += = = Oliver Hudson = = = +Oliver Rutledge Hudson (born September 7, 1976) is an American actor. He is known for his role as Adam Rhodes in the CBS comedy series "Rules of Engagement" (2007–2013). + += = = Bianca Kajlich = = = +Bianca Maria Kajlich (born March 26, 1977) is an American actress. She is known for her role as Jennifer Morgan on the CBS comedy series "Rules of Engagement" (2007–2013). + += = = Adhir Kalyan = = = +Adhir Kalyan (born 4 August 1983) is an South African actor. He is known for his role as Timmy in the CBS comedy series "Rules of Engagement" (2007–2013). + += = = Marine Park of Moheli = = = +Marine Park of Moheli is marine protected area on the Mozambique Canal and the first protected area in the Comoros. It was established on April 19, 2002. The most characteristic of the park is the presence of rare fishes and other various types of sharks and humpback whales. Moheli Island in Comoros was the most appropriate place for an initiative that brought together international and local communities in creating a joint marine protected area. Its idea involves the preservation of 404 square kilometres of the sea in which the main marine species such as Coelacanth, humpback whales, dolphins, etc., can live. + += = = Another World (TV series) = = = +Another World is an American television soap opera that was broadcast on NBC from May 4, 1964, to June 25, 1999. + += = = Irna Phillips = = = +Irna Phillips (July 1, 1901 – December 23, 1973) was an American scriptwriter, screenwriter, casting agent and actress. She created, produced, and wrote several of the first American daytime radio and television soap operas, including "Guiding Light", "As the World Turns", and "Another World". + += = = Guiding Light = = = +'Guiding Light' is an American radio and television soap opera. It is listed in "Guinness World Records" as the longest-running television drama in American history. It was broadcast on CBS for 57 years from June 30, 1952, until September 18, 2009. + += = = Tongva = = = +The Tongva (TONG-vuh) are the indigenous people of the place now known as Southern California. Their original land includes Los Angeles County, Orange County, and the Channel Islands. The Tongva are also known as the Gabrieleño and Fernandeño people based on the missions of San Gabriel and San Fernando built on their land in the 1700s by the Spanish. Tongva means “people of the earth.” +Name. +The word Tongva comes from the word "Toviscangna", which is a Tongva village located near Mission San Gabriel. However, the Tongva call themselves Kizh (keech). +History. +The Tongva were forced onto Spanish missionaries to learn about Christianity and the European lifestyle. The Tongva lived in shelters called "kiches". The "kiche" was dome-shaped. The frame was made of willow branches and was covered with mats made with reeds, grasses, or animal hides. The Tongva lived in villages with as many as 400–500 "kiches". A chief lived in the largest "kiche" and had almost total authority over the village. The position was passed down through the chief’s family. +Culture. +The Tongva hunted, fished, and gathered food. They liked to eat acorns. They would mash the acorns and then process it so that it would taste better. They also hunted deer and small animals such as birds, rabbits, and rodents. +Language. +The Tongva once spoke the Tongva language but most of them now speak English and Spanish. However, they are trying to use the Tongva language more. One way they are doing this is by having Tongva classes. +The Tongva language was the source of many place names in the Los Angeles region. Some of these places are: Topanga, Tujunga, Cucamonga, etc. + += = = Graham Phillips (actor) = = = +Graham David Phillips (born April 14, 1993) is an American actor and singer. + += = = Archie Panjabi = = = +Archana "Archie" Panjabi (born 31 May 1972) is an English actress. She has had many roles in both UK and US television including Kalinda Sharma in "The Good Wife". + += = = Matt Czuchry = = = +Matthew Charles Czuchry (born May 20, 1977) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Logan Huntzberger on The WB television series "Gilmore Girls" (2005–2007) and Cary Agos on the CBS television drama "The Good Wife" (2009–2016). + += = = The Middle (TV series) = = = +The Middle is an American sitcom that was first broadcast on September 30, 2009, on the ABC network, and ended on May 22, 2018. + += = = Christa Miller = = = +Christa Beatrice Miller (born May 28, 1964) is an American actress and model who has achieved success in television comedy. From 2009 to 2015, she starred in the TBS (formerly ABC) sitcom "Cougar Town". + += = = Yvette Nicole Brown = = = +Yvette Nicole Brown (born August 12, 1971) is an American actress, voice actress, writer, and host. She is best known for her role as Shirley Bennett on the NBC comedy series "Community". She had a recurring role on the Nickelodeon sitcom "Drake & Josh" as Helen Dubois. + += = = Danny Pudi = = = +Daniel Mark Pudi (born March 10, 1979) is an American actor, comedian, writer, producer, and director. He is best known for his role as Abed Nadir on the NBC comedy series "Community". + += = = Marin Hinkle = = = +Marin Elizabeth Hinkle (born March 23, 1966) is an Tanzanian-American actress. She is best known for playing Judith Harper-Melnick on the CBS sitcom "Two and a Half Men". + += = = Angus T. Jones = = = +Angus Turner Jones (born October 8, 1993) is an American actor. He is best known for playing Jake Harper in the CBS sitcom "Two and a Half Men". + += = = The 88 = = = +The 88 is an American pop rock band from Los Angeles, California. + += = = Kumeyaay = = = +The Kumeyaay are a group of people native to the United States and Mexico. They live in the places now known as California (specifically San Diego and the surrounding regions) and Baja California. +There are two groups of Kumeyaay, the Ipai and the Tipai. Ipai land is in what is now the United States while Tipai land is mostly in what is now Mexico. +Name. +The word Kumeyaay is pronouned KOOM-yai. The KOOM part rhymes with loom and the yai part rhymes with pie. Some people pronounce Kumeyaay in three syllables and add an extra "uh" between KOOM and yai. +The Kumeyaay were also called Diegueño, which is a Spanish word that comes from Mission San Diego. However, this is not the name they call themselves. +The two different groups of Kumeyaay are called Ipai (EE-pie) and Tipai (TEE-pie). They both mean "human" in the Ipai and Tipai languages. +Language. +The Kumeyaay speak three languages. They are Tipai, Ipai, and Kumeyaay. Now, most of them speak English and Spanish. +History. +In the 1760s, the Spanish came onto Kumeyaay land. They wanted to teach the Kumeyaay about the Christian religion and the European lifestyle. To do that, they built the Mission San Diego, which was a church, a school, and a village.all in one. However, the Kumeyaay did not like being told what to do. In 1775, the Kumeyaay fought the Spanish at Mission San Diego. They set some buildings on fire and killed a priest. +When the Kumeyaay land became part of Mexico, there was no one to send money to the missions to keep them running so the Kumeyaay left. +When part of Kumeyaay land became part of the United States, the Kumeyaay were sent to live on certain pieces of land called reservations. Many of these reservations now have casinos so that the Kumeyaay people can make money. +Religion. +Most Kumeyaay are now Catholic. Many parts of their old religion were forgotten when they became Catholic. However, they still remember some parts. +In the traditional Kumeyaay religion, a dead person's soul must cross a deep gorge in order to get to heaven. + += = = CBS Television Studios = = = +CBS Television Studios, Inc. is an American television production company founded in 2009 as the successor to CBS Paramount Network Television. It is a subsidiary of CBS Entertainment Group. + += = = 42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue station = = = +42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue is an express station on the IND Sixth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. It is located at the intersection of 5th Avenue, 6th Avenue and 42nd Street in Midtown Manhattan. It is served by the B, D, F and M trains and by the <F> train during rush hour in the peak direction. Above the station are Bryant Park and the New York Public Library. +The B and D trains are express trains, so that means they go on express tracks. +The F and M trains are local trains, so they go on local tracks. +When you exit the station, you can see the Bank of America Tower on 6th Avenue between 42nd and 43rd Streets. +Sometimes, E trains and other trains enter this station via 6th Avenue to World Trade Center or Jamaica Center or other stations. +But there is another station on 5th Avenue for the 7 train, called 5th Avenue - Bryant Park. +After this station, the next stations will be 47th and 50th Streets Rockefeller Center and 34th Street Herald Square. + += = = Toypurina = = = +Toypurina (1760-1799) was a Tongva medicine woman and leader. She planned an attack against the Spanish colonists and missionaries who were taking over her people's land. +1785 rebellion. +Toypurina's people were very angry at the Spanish for treating them bad. +Toypurina and some other people involved in the attack were tried. She said that she hated the priests and white men for taking over her people's land. +Later life. +Toypurina was forced to be baptized at Mission San Gabriel. Later on, she married a Spanish soldier named Mañuel Montero and had three kids with him. However, history experts are not sure whether she married because she accepted the Spanish way of living or as a way of protecting herself from mission life. She died at age 39. +Art. +Toypurina is famous because she represents Native American female resistance to European rule. There are many murals of her in the Los Angeles region. + += = = 47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center station = = = +47th and 50th Streets Rockefeller Center is an express station on the IND Sixth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. It can be found at the intersection of 47th Street and 50th Street at the west side of Rockefeller Center. It is served by the B, D, F and M trains. +It was the 12th busiest subway station in the system. The station has local and express trains. The station has local and express tracks. It can be found in Midtown Manhattan. When walking to 49th Street, the Radio City Hall can be seen. +Sometimes, E trains and other trains enter this station through 6th Avenue to the station north and to the station south. After this station, the next stations will be 57th Street, 5th Avenue 53rd Street, 7th Avenue and 42nd Street Bryant Park. + += = = Navajo language = = = +The Navajo language (Navajo: "Diné Bizaad") is a Southern Athabaskan language that is spoken in the United States, specifically in the Navajo Nation (in the states of Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah). It is the most widely spoken Native American language in the US and the most spoken Indigenous language in the Americas north of the US-Mexico border. In 2011, almost 170,000 Americans spoke Navajo at home. Navajo is famous for being used by the Navajo Code Talkers during World War II (Pacific Theater). +Compared to many other languages, the Navajo language has a lot of sounds, including many that are not found in the English language. Navajo is also a tonal language, like Chinese, which means that pitch is used to make words different from each other. English is not a tonal language. For these reasons and many more, many English speakers find it difficult to learn Navajo. +In Navajo, new words are made by adding prefixes and suffixes to a part of a word called the stem. These prefixes and suffixes add meaning, such as tense, who is doing the action, and so on. In Navajo, sentences are arranged as subject-object-verb although they can be arranged in other ways too. +Navajo does not have a lot of loanwords from other languages. +The Navajo language is written with the Latin alphabet, just like English. The current alphabet was developed in the 1930s. Before this, the Navajo did not have their own alphabet. +Name. +The Navajo do not call themselves or their language "Navajo." The word "Navajo" is from the Tewa word "Navahu", which means "large field" ("nava" "field" + "hu" "valley"). The Tewa are another group of Native Americans and speak their own language. That Tewa word eventually made it into the Spanish language, where it referred to an area in New Mexico. That Spanish word then was used in English to refer to the Navajo people, who live in New Mexico. +The Navajo call themselves "Diné", which means "people." They call their language "Diné bizaad" ("people's language). They also call their language "Naabeehó bizaad," which is based on the word "Navajo." +Classification. +Navajo is part of the Athabaskan language family. A language family is a group of languages that are related to each other and come from a common ancestor language. For example, English is part of the Indo-European language family because it has a lot of similarities with languages spoken in Europe, the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent. Navajo is one of the most southernmost Athabaskan languages. Other Athabaskan languages are spoken in Alaska and on the Pacific coast. +Like many other Athabaskan languages, Navajo has tones. However, the tones evolved independently in different languages. For example, what is a "high" tone in Navajo is a "low" tone in other Athabaskan languages and vice versa. +The Western Apache language is the language that is most closely related to Navajo. They share a lot of the same tones and a lot of words. Navajo is similar to other Apachean language. +History. +The ancestors of the Navajo are thought to have come from the northern US and Canada, because other Athabaskan languages are spoken in those places. Archaeologists think that the Navajo came to the Southwest by 1500. +Starting in the 1800s, the Spanish colonized the Navajo territory as part of Mexico. Then the US took over the area after the Mexican-American war. After that, American settlers came and set up schools to teach the Navajo about English and Christianity. They did not allow the Navajo to use their language in order to make them learn English. Children were forced to wash out their mouths with soap if teachers found them speaking Navajo. Because of this, many parents were afraid to teach their children the language. +Robert W. Young and William Morgan (Navajo) were two men who worked for the Bureau of Indian Affairs. They created a single alphabet for the Navajo language. Before then, there were many alphabets used to write down the Navajo language. +A white American man who lived with the Navajo recommended that the language be used as a code language during World War II. Back then, there were no Navajo dictionaries and very few non-Navajo spoke the language. Also, the Navajo language is very different from German and Japanese, the languages of the enemies at the time. The military started to recruit Navajo men to become code talkers. These code talkers sent code messages in Navajo. The code talkers used very specific words for military words (such as "iron fish" for submarine) so that even other Navajo would have a hard time understanding if they didn't learn the meanings of those terms. The Japanese found out they were speaking Navajo because a professor who studied Native American languages recognized it, but they could not understand the words of the code. There were other code talkers in other Native American and non-Native American languages, but the Navajo Code Talkers were the most famous. +After World War II, the Navajo language began to decline. More roads were built into Navajo land, which exposed them more to English. However, things began to change in the 1960s. President Johnson signed a law that said that kids who don't speak English are allowed to have bilingual education. That was when the Navajo began to open up schools that taught in both English and Navajo. +Today, Navajo is considered to be a language in trouble because more and more of the Navajo now speak English only. However, people are working to change it by speaking and writing in Navajo and teaching the language to other people. +Grammar. +In Navajo, new words are created by putting prefixes in front of other words. +Navajo is called a subject-object-verb language. This means that the subject is first and the verb is last ("I you love"). This is different from English, which is a subject-verb-object language ("I love you"). +Verbs. +Verbs (action words) are the most important part of Navajo grammar. Every sentence needs a verb. Each verb is composed of a root, with additional prefixes and suffixes attached to form a word. +Nouns. +Nouns are people, places, and things. They are not as important in Navajo. Many nouns are created by adding certain prefixes and suffixes to verbs. +Unlike in some other languages, Navajo nouns do not have grammatical gender. They also do not change in the plural (unlike English, which usually adds the suffix -s to indicate plural nouns). +Navajo nouns are organized as animate (people, plants, and animals) or inanimate (everything else). +In the Navajo language, possession is not indicated by 's or words such as my. Instead, prefixes are added to the beginning of words. (Example: chidí 'car' - shichidí 'my car') +Adjectives. +Navajo does not have adjectives. Verbs play the role of adjectives. +Numbers. +The Navajo words for million (miiltsoh), billion (binyóón), and other large numbers are based on English. +Days of the Week. +The Navajo borrowed the 7-day week from the Spanish. The first day of the week is Sunday, which is "Damóo". This comes from the Spanish word for Sunday, "Domingo". +Letters. +The Navajo language uses the ABCs, just like English. Before, the Navajo language had no writing system. As missionaries came, they made up their own alphabets. However, some linguists came up with a single alphabet that represented the sounds of Navajo well. This alphabet has lots of extra letters and marks so that all the sounds of the Navajo language can be written correctly. +Below is a chart of all the Navajo letters. +Vowels. +The hooks underneath the letters are called ogoneks and represent nasal vowels. Nasal vowels are not found in English, but they are found in languages like French and Portuguese. +High tones are represented with a mark called an acute accent, such as á. +Double letters lengthen the vowels so that they are said a bit longer than just one letter. +Sample text. +Navajo: "Ashiiké tʼóó diigis léiʼ tółikaní łaʼ ádiilnííł dóó nihaa nahidoonih níigo yee hodeezʼą� jiní. Áko tʼáá ałʼąą chʼil naʼatłʼoʼii kʼiidiilá dóó hááhgóóshį�į� yinaalnishgo tʼáá áłah chʼil naʼatłʼoʼii néineestʼą� jiní. Áádóó tółikaní áyiilaago tʼáá bíhígíí tʼáá ałʼąą tłʼízíkágí yiiʼ haidééłbįįd jiní. "Háadida díí tółikaní yígíí doo łaʼ ahaʼdiidził da," níigo ahaʼdeetʼą� jiníʼ. Áádóó baa nahidoonih biniiyé kintahgóó dah yidiiłjid jiníʼ ..." +English: Some crazy boys decided to make some wine to sell, so they each planted grapevines and, working hard on them, they raised them to maturity. Then, having made wine, they each filled a goatskin with it. They agreed that at no time would they give each other a drink of it, and they then set out for town lugging the goatskins on their backs ... + += = = Chuck E. Cheese (character) = = = +Charles Entertainment "Chuck E." Cheese is the anthropomorphic rat mascot of the Chuck E. Cheese chain of family entertainment centers. In 2012, the rat mascot was rebranded into a mouse. +Pizza Time Theatre era. +The character was first created as the mascot for a restaurant made by Nolan Bushnell (founder of Atari) in 1977. Bushnell went to the International Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions (IAAPA) conference in Orlando and saw walk-around character costumes being sold. In them, Bushnell found one that looked like a coyote, so he bought it for his planned Coyote Pizza restaurant. When the costume arrived at Atari, the costume was actually a rat, with a long pink rat tail. Bushnell decided to change the restaurant's name to Rick Rat's Pizza. However, Bushnell's planning group thought that a rat for the name of a restaurant would not be appropriate. Finally, Bushnell's group decided on the name Chuck E. Cheese for the mascot and changed the restaurant's name to Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre. The first Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre opened in San Jose, California, in the same year Chuck E. Cheese was made, 1977. +Chuck E. Cheese's era: 1995-present. +In 1995, the mascot was given a more child-friendly makeover, with wider cheeks, a less pointy, shorter snout, longer eyes and smaller ears. This one was added to the restaurants in 2001. +In July 2012, the mascot was changed into a much smaller kind of the character, who played electric guitar. Voice actor Duncan Brannan, who for 19 years had made Chuck E. Cheese a wise-cracking mouse from New Jersey, was replaced with Jaret Reddick, the frontman and guitarist for the pop punk band Bowling for Soup. + += = = Lucien Petit-Breton = = = +Lucien Georges Mazan (18 October 1882 – 20 December 1917) is a French cyclist who is well-known for winning Tour de France two times in 1907 and 1908. + += = = Edward N. Lorenz = = = +Edward Norton Lorenz (May 23, 1917 – April 16, 2008) was an American mathematician and meteorologist. He was one of the first to work in the field of Chaos theory. He was the first to use the term Butterfly effect for dynamic systems that are very sensitive to starting conditions. In the 1960s, he used a simple model for weather prediction, which he simialated on a computer. With this setup, he discovered that only a slight change of the values he used for the model could lead to totally different results. This is known as Butterfly effect. In numerical weather predicion, values are often rounded, so that in each step, a small error is added. +He also discovered and developed the mathematical foundations. For his simulations he used a system of equations, which is now named after him. + += = = Brian Shaw (strongman) = = = +Brian Shaw (born February 26, 1982) is an American professional strongman. He is winner of the 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2016 competitions. In 2011, he became the first man to have won the Arnold Strongman Classic and the World's Strongest Man contest in the same calendar year. He achieved this again in 2015. Shaw also uploads videos on his YouTube channel SHAWSTRENGTH. +Shaw was born in Fort Lupton, Colorado. He is married and has two children. + += = = Love Thy Neighbour = = = +Love Thy Neighbour is a British TV comedy series that first aired on UK TV between April, 1972 - January, 1976. It centres on a white working class couple (Eddie and Joan Booth) and their black, Conservative-voting neighbours (Bill and Barbie Reynolds). The programme spans eight series and 53 episodes, including a pilot episode. +The ongoing racial conflict between the husbands of the two couples is the main underlying theme of the programme, with the white husband perceived as more bigoted and ignorant. Their wives are seen as more tolerant. A spin-off film with the same name was made in 1973 and later a sequel series was set in Australia, featuring only the Eddie Booth character. The series was produced by Thames TV for the ITV network. +Story. +Eddie Booth (Jack Smethhurst) is a working-class white socialist. His world changes when Bill and Barbie Reynolds move in next door. He is a bigoted person and his racial slurs are aimed mainly at Bill. He often describes Bill as a "nig nog", "Sambo" and '"King Kong". He also has a tendency to call Chinese, Pakistanis or Indians names like "Fu Manchu", "Gunga Din" and "Ali Baba". He often asserts that all blacks (and Bill in particular) are cannibals and claims that "the white man always takes precedence over the black man". +Joan Booth (Kate Williams) is Eddie's wife. She is more tolerant towards her neighbours. In fact, she gets very on well with Barbie, Bill's wife, and they are often seen together discussing the animosities between their husbands. +Bill Reynolds (Rudolph Walker) is a supporter of West Ham United. Whenever Eddie tries to outdo him, Bill usually ends up having the last laugh and rarely gets his comeuppance. He tends to have a very short temper, especially where Eddie's concerned and has threatened him with a clenched fist several times. Although more sophisticated and educated compared to Eddie, Bill is also stubborn and is more than capable of using insulting phrases as he occasionally refers to Eddie as a "white honky" and "snowflake", and does not like catching Eddie staring at his wife. He also has a very high-pitched laugh. Bill was promoted to foreman at the end of the episode "Clarky Leaves". His catchphrases include "Hey, honky!", "Cobblers!" and "You talking to me, snowflake?". +Barbie Reynolds (Nina Baden-Semper) is Bill's wife. Barbie and her next-door neighbour, Joan Booth, instantly strike up a friendship that carries on throughout the series, and the two women are often seen drinking tea or eating or getting caught up in their antagonistic husbands' latest row. Eddie is sometimes fascinated by her, as in the pilot episode when she bends over while wearing hot pants. She and Joan both become pregnant at the end of Series 3, with Barbie giving birth to a son, Terry. Unlike other characters, she does not have any catchphrases. +Other main cast members are Jacko Robinson (Keith Marsh) and Arthur Thomas (Tommy Godfrey) who are often seen with Eddie and Bill in their local bar. Jacko's catchphrase "I'll 'ave half", meaning a half of bitter, became a popular catchphrase. + += = = Diamonds Are Forever (movie) = = = +Diamonds Are Forever is a 1971 British spy movie directed by Guy Hamilton and is the 7th movie in the "James Bond" franchise. It is based on the 1956 novel of the same name by Ian Fleming and starring Sean Connery, Jill St. John, Charles Gray, Lana Wood, Jimmy Dean, Bruce Cabot. It was distributed by United Artists. Shirley Bassey sings the title song of the movie. + += = = The World Is Not Enough = = = +The World Is Not Enough is a 1999 British spy action movie. It was directed by Michael Apted. It is the 19th movie in the "James Bond" franchise. It stars Pierce Brosnan, Sophie Marceau, Robert Carlyle, Denise Richards, Robbie Coltrane, Judi Dench and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. + += = = Source 2 = = = +The Source 2 is a video game engine created by the company Valve Corporation. It is the second version of the Source engine. Source 2 was first used in a game called "Dota 2". It was later used in games "Artifact", "Dota Underlords", and "". + += = = Basic Instinct 2 = = = +Basic Instinct 2 (also known as Basic Instinct 2: Risk Addiction) is a 2006 German Spanish British American erotic thriller movie directed by Michael Caton-Jones and starring Sharon Stone, David Morrissey, Charlotte Rampling, David Thewlis. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. + += = = Morgan County, Georgia = = = +Morgan County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 20,097 people lived there. The county seat is Madison. + += = = Murray County, Georgia = = = +Murray County is a county in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 39,973 people lived there. The county seat is Chatsworth. + += = = Toombs County, Georgia = = = +Toombs County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 27,030 people lived there. The county seat is Lyons. + += = = Wheeler County, Georgia = = = +Wheeler County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 7,471 people lived there. The county seat is Alamo. + += = = Telfair County, Georgia = = = +Telfair County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 12,477 people lived there. The county seat is McRae–Helena. + += = = Helena, Georgia = = = +Helena was a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is in both Telfair and Wheeler counties. On January 1, 2015, Helena and McRae was merged to form McRae–Helena. + += = = McRae–Helena, Georgia = = = +McRae–Helena is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the county seat of Telfair County. It was created on January 1, 2015 by the merger of the two cities of McRae and Helena. + += = = Darien, Georgia = = = +Darien is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the county seat of McIntosh County. + += = = Newton County, Georgia = = = +Newton County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 112,483 people lived there. The county seat is Covington. + += = = Oconee County, Georgia = = = +Oconee County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 41,799 people lived there. The county seat is Watkinsville. + += = = Pierce County, Georgia = = = +Pierce County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 19,716 people lived there. The county seat is Blackshear. +History. +Pierce County is named after Franklin Pierce, 14th President of the United States (1853–1857). It was created on December 18, 1857 from parts of Appling and Ware counties. +Geography. +The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that is land and (7.8%) is water. +Demographics. +2010 census. +The 2010 United States Census says that there were 18,758 people, 7,083 households, and 5,268 families living in the county. + += = = Ellie Lust = = = +Ellie Lust (born 17 September 1966 Amsterdam) is a Dutch television personality. Until 2018, she was a police officer in the rank of inspector and as a spokesperson for the Amsterdam police. She is co-presenter of the annual "Canal Parade" in Amsterdam. +From 1987 to 1989 she attended the police school in Amsterdam. She played volleyball for SV Dynamo and the national team. She was a spokesperson for the program "Crime Watch." She was a co-founder of ‘Pink in Blue’. + += = = Rabun County, Georgia = = = +Rabun County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 16,883 people lived there. The county seat is Clayton. + += = = Rockdale County, Georgia = = = +Rockdale County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 93,570 people lived there. The county seat is Conyers. + += = = Tift County, Georgia = = = +Tift County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 41,344 people lived there. The county seat is Tifton. + += = = Talbot County, Georgia = = = +Talbot County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 5,733 people lived there. The county seat is Talbotton. + += = = Tattnall County, Georgia = = = +Tattnall County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 22,842 people lived there. The county seat is Reidsville. + += = = Taylor County, Georgia = = = +Taylor County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 7,816 people lived there. The county seat is Butler. + += = = Los Angeles City College = = = +Los Angeles City College (LACC) is a public community college in East Hollywood, Los Angeles. It was founded in 1929. + += = = Bill Lawrence (TV producer) = = = +William Van Duzer Lawrence IV (born December 26, 1968) is an American screenwriter, producer, and director. He is the creator of the series "Scrubs" and the co-creator of "Cougar Town" and co-creator of "Spin City". + += = = College of Charleston = = = +The College of Charleston (also known as CofC, The College, or Charleston) is a public liberal arts college in Charleston, South Carolina. + += = = Turner County, Georgia = = = +Turner County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 9,006 people lived there. The county seat is Ashburn. + += = = Twiggs County, Georgia = = = +Twiggs County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 8,022 people lived there. The county seat is Jeffersonville. + += = = Upson County, Georgia = = = +Upson County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 27,700 people lived there. The county seat is Thomaston. + += = = Walker County, Georgia = = = +Walker County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 67,654 people lived there. The county seat is LaFayette. + += = = Shane Brennan = = = +Shane Brennan is an Australian–American television writer and producer known as the executive producer of the American CBS drama "". + += = = Zeynep Gedizlioğlu = = = +Zeynep Gedizlioğlu (born 4 December 1977) is a Turkish contemporary music composer. She won the 2012 Ernst von Siemens Music Prize. She won a 2019 Berlin Art Prize. +She was born in Izmir in 1977. She studied at Mimar Sinan University Istanbul State Conservatory, and Hochschule für Musik with Wolfgang Rihm. She studied with Wolfgang Rihm, Ivan Fedele and Theo Brandmüller, and electronic music with Daniel Teruggi and François Donato. + += = = Ware County, Georgia = = = +Ware County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 36,251 people lived there. The county seat is Waycross. +Ware county is named for Nicholas Ware, a slave owner who became the United States Senator for Georgia in the early 19th century. + += = = TV Land Award = = = +The TV Land Icon Awards is an awards ceremony. The awards were hosted and broadcast by the TV Land network from 2003 to 2012 and then returned to the air in 2016. + += = = Warren County, Georgia = = = +Warren County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 5,215 people lived there. The county seat is Warrenton. + += = = Tunis Governorate = = = +Tunis Governorate ( "") is one of the twenty-four governorates of Tunisia. It is in the northeastern part of the country. It covers an area of 346 km2. As of the 2014 census, 1,056,247 people lived there. The capital is Tunis, which is also the national capital. It is the smallest governorate of the country by area and is also the most populated governorate of the country. + += = = Srna Marković = = = +Srna Marković (born 6 June 1996 in Vienna) is an Austrian volleyball player. +In 2011 she made her debut in the Austria women's national volleyball team. She played at the 2015 FIVB U20 Women Volleyball World Championship, and 2016 Women's European Volleyball League. +In 2013, Marković won the national double with championship and trophy with SVS Post Schwechat. In 2014, she was awarded MVP of the league. She moved to the German Bundesliga team Ladies in Black Aachen. She then moved to Rote Raben Vilsbiburg. She moved to Italy with Polisportiva Adolfo Consolini. In 2018, she moved to Serie A1 team Bosca San Bernardo Cuneo. + += = = Zaghouan Governorate = = = +Zaghouan Governorate ( "") is one of the twenty-four governorates of Tunisia. It is in the northeastern part of the country. It covers an area of 2,768 km2. As of the 2014 census, 176,945 people lived there. The capital is Zaghouan. + += = = Nadine Reichert = = = +Nadine Reichert (born 24 October 1984) is a German open water swimmer. +She swam at the 2010 FINA World Open Water Swimming Championships, winning a bronze medal, 2010 FINA World Open Water Swimming Championships, 2011 FINA World Open Water Swimming Championships, winning a bronze medal, 2011 FINA Open Water 10km World Cup, and 2011 Summer Universiade. + += = = Cornelia Dörr = = = +Cornelia Dörr (born 23 October 1958) is a East German swimmer. She won a gold medal at the women's 800 m freestyle during the 1974 European Aquatics Championships. She competed in 400 m freestyle and 800 m freestyle. She swam at the 1975 World Aquatics Championships. + += = = Primorsky Krai = = = +Primorsky Krai () is one of the 85 federal subjects (a krai) of Russia. It is in the Far East region of the country and is a part of the Far Eastern Federal District. The administrative center of the krai is the city of Vladivostok. As of the 2010 Census, 1,956,497 people lived there. + += = = Ingrid Stenmarck = = = +Ingrid Stenmarck (5 February 1917 – 30 December 2011) was a Swedish swimmer. She was the Swedish national champion in the 100 metres freestyle from 1933 to 1937. + += = = National Council on Severe Autism = = = +The National Council on Severe Autism (NCSA) is a non-profit organization that advocates for individuals, families and caregivers affected by severe forms of autism and related disorders. + += = = Rosetta Gagliardi = = = +Rosetta Gagliardi (born 9 February 1895 Milan – 31 July 1975) was an Italian tennis player. She played at the 1920 Summer Olympics and 1924 Summer Olympics. +She was a roller skating champion. She was the 1919 Italian singles tennis champion. She competed in the mixed doubles with Cesare Colombo in 1920, and women's doubles with Giulia Perelli, in 1924. + += = = Revealed frog = = = +The revealed frog, orange-thighed tree frog or whirring tree frog ("Litoria revelata") is a frog from Australia. It is related to the brown tree frog. It lives in three different places in Queensland and New South Wales, but scientists think the frogs living in different places might be different species. +The male frog is 26 to 28 mm long from nose to rear end. The female is 30 to 36 mm long. +This frog can live in swamps near the coast up to rainforests in the mountains. Scientists say people can tell whether a frog is a revealed frog by looking at it because it has much larger discs at the ends of its toes than other frogs do and because it sometimes has black spots on its middle. People can tell it apart from other frogs by listening to it because its voice is around 4 Hz. It has long legs and a stripe from its nose to each armpit. It is cream-brown or red-brown in colour. It may have orange on its legs. +Scientists knew this frog existed in at least the 1960s, but it was first formally described, meaning scientists wrote the first formal paper about it, in 1982. +It lays its eggs in still water. +This frog is not endangered but people do damage its habitat by removing trees and bringing cows there to eat the grass. + += = = Alan Watts = = = +Alan Wilson Watts (6 January 1915 – 16 November 1973) was a British philosopher of religion. He spent most of his life in the United States. He became well-known for explaining the philosophy of Zen to a Western audience. + += = = M1 carbine = = = +The M1 carbine is a short, lightweight semi-automatic rifle, or a carbine, used in the United States military from World War II until late in the Vietnam War. It was made to arm soldiers with less of a combat role and more of a support role, such as medics and radiomen. The kind of weapon the military wanted was a gun that would be more powerful and accurate than the M1911, but shorter and lighter than the M1 Garand. The M1 Garand was too long and heavy for support troops to carry, especially since combat was not their main job. +Even though the M1 carbine looks similar to the M1 Garand, the two guns are actually very different. First, the M1 carbines bullets, the .30 Carbine, are much smaller and lighter than the Garand's .30-06 bullets. Second, the gun itself is much lighter, smaller, and shorter range than the Garand. The M1 carbine weighs less than half of the Garand. Third, the M1 carbine is loaded with box magazines that holds 15 bullets, while the M1 Garand is loaded with clips that hold 8 bullets. +Even though it is not used by the military anymore, it is still popular with civilians. +The M2 carbine is a selective fire version of the M1, which means it can switch between semi-automatic and full automatic fire. + += = = Georgios Souris = = = +Georgios Souris (2 February 1853 Ermoupolis - 26 August 1919 Piraeus) was a Greek satirical poet, and journalist. He was nominated for a Nobel Prize in Literature. +He studied at University of Athens. From 1883 to 1918, he published the weekly newspaper, "Rome." Queen Olga prosecuted him, for his writing. He was a member of the Parnassos Literary Society. +In 2011, one of his songs was used during the Greek government-debt crisis. In 2019, there was a play about him, "A Roman named George Souris". In 2020, there was a "George Souris" Carnival. + += = = Stripper clip = = = +A stripper clip is speedloader used to load bullets into a rifle more quickly so that soldiers can fully load a rifle all at once, rather than to load bullets one at a time. It is mostly used for directly loading bolt-action rifles, but it can also load bullets into magazines as well. It is different from a magazine because the person loading the gun must push the bullets off of the clip into the firearm. + += = = Speedloader = = = +A speedloader is something used to load many bullets into a firearm quickly. These include revolver speedloaders, magazines, and stripper clips. + += = = The Out-of-Towners (1999 movie) = = = +The Out-of-Towners is a 1999 American comedy movie directed by Sam Weisman and is a remake of the 1970 movie of the same name written by Neil Simon. It stars Steve Martin, Goldie Hawn and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. + += = = Unlawful Entry (movie) = = = +Unlawful Entry is a 1992 American psychological thriller movie directed by Jonathan Kaplan and starring Kurt Russell, Madeleine Stowe, Ray Liotta. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Euro Truck Simulator 2 = = = +Euro Truck Simulator 2 (ETS 2) is a truck simulator game developed and published by SCS Software. It can be played on Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS. It was first released on 19 October 2012 for Windows. It was relased for Linux on 16 April 2013 and macOS on 29 January 2015. It was relased after SCS Software's 2008 game "Euro Truck Simulator". The game allows players to drive many types of articulated trucks across a smaller version of Europe and deliver cargo. Players can buy trucks and garages with money earned from deliveries. The game has sold over 5 million copies on Steam as of July 2019. +Awards. +Rock, Paper, Shotgun listed "Euro Truck Simulator 2" ninth on their list of "The 25 Best Simulation Games Ever Made". + += = = Desmin Borges = = = +Desmin Borges is an American actor, best known for playing Edgar Quintero on the FX/FXX comedy-drama "You're the Worst". + += = = Bill Hudson (singer) = = = +William Louis Hudson Jr. (born October 17, 1949) is an American musician and actor. He was a vocalist in The Hudson Brothers, formed in 1965 with his brothers Brett and Mark. + += = = Lola Glaudini = = = +Lola Glaudini (born November 24, 1971) is an American actress. She is best known for her portrayal for "Criminal Minds" and "The Sopranos". + += = = Thomas Gibson = = = +Thomas Ellis Gibson (born July 3, 1962) is an American actor and director, best known for the television series "Chicago Hope", "Dharma & Greg" and "Criminal Minds". + += = = Frövi = = = +Frövi is a locality in Lindesberg Municipality in Örebro County in Sweden. In 2010, 2,516 people lived there. + += = = Washington County, Georgia = = = +Washington County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 19,988 people lived there. The county seat is Sandersville. + += = = Wayne County, Georgia = = = +Wayne County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 30,144 people lived there. The county seat is Jesup. + += = = White County, Georgia = = = +White County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 28,003 people lived there. The county seat is Cleveland. + += = = Wilkes County, Georgia = = = +Wilkes County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 9,565 people lived there. The county seat is Washington. + += = = Wilkinson County, Georgia = = = +Wilkinson County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 8,877 people lived there. The county seat is Irwinton. The county was created on May 11, 1803 and named for General James Wilkinson (1757–1825). + += = = Graham County, North Carolina = = = +Graham County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. In 2020, 8,030 people lived there. Its county seat is Robbinsville. + += = = Logan County, West Virginia = = = +Logan County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 32,567 people lived there. Its county seat is Logan. + += = = Pocahontas County = = = +Pocahontas County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Pocahontas County, West Virginia = = = +Pocahontas County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 7,869 people lived there. Its county seat is Marlinton. + += = = Braxton County, West Virginia = = = +Braxton County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 12,447 people lived there. The county seat is Sutton. + += = = Mike Walling = = = +Mike Walling (8 July 1950 – 2 July 2020) was an English comic actor and screenwriter. He was born in Salford, Lancashire. He was known for his role as Trevor in "Alfonso Bonzo" (1986). He also appeared in "The Smoking Room" and "My Family". He also wrote "Not with a Bang" and "The Brittas Empire". +Walling died on 2 July 2020, six days before his 70th birthday. + += = = Iriomote cat = = = +The Iriomote cat ("Prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis") is a wildcat that lives only on Iriomote Island in Japan. It is a subspecies of the leopard cat ("Prionailurus bengalensis"). In Japanese, people call it "yamaneko", or "mountain cat." +This cat is a little larger than a domestic cat, with rounder ears and spots where a tabby cat would have stripes. +These cats live in forests and on hills with streams. They have been seen on beaches. They can climb trees and swim. There are almost no small mammals on Iriomote Island, so the cats cannot eat mice or other rodents the way wildcats in other places do. They eat many different kinds of things, for example insects, lizards, fish, and shrimp. +The females give birth to 1-4 kittens at a time in dens in trees or in crevices in rocks. People have seen kittens as young as three months living on their own. Scientists think it takes 10-12 months for them to become adults. +Ecologist Masako Izawa of the University of the Ryukyus in Okinawa said she thinks there are fewer than 1000 Iromote cats in the wild. There may be only 100. This cat is endangered because of habitat loss, meaning that human beings build things in the places where they live. Some cats are hit by cars when they come to the road to eat dead frogs, dead lizards, and other animals that have been killed by cars. They are also endangered because domestic cats mate with them. Veterinarians have taught people on Iriomote Island to spay and neuter their pet cats to prevent this, the local government has tried to stop people from driving too fast and the government of Japan has made part of Iriomote Island a wildlife protection area. +For a time in the 1970s, the people who lived on Iriomote Island said the government of Japan thought the cats were more important than they were. One German scientist had asked the government of Japan to make all the human beings leave the island to protect the cat. Other scientists showed, however, that the cat can live next to humans and is not afraid to look for food near farms and rice paddies. In 2019, many Iriomote islanders said they were proud of their rare wildcat, though they worried that too many tourists would come to their island and damage it. + += = = Luiza Pesjak = = = +Luiza Pesjak (12 June 1828 in Ljubljana - 1 March 1898 in Ljubljana) was a Slovene poet, writer and translator. +She studied at Fröhlich Institute. She studied with France Prešeren. She wrote Slovenian language poems. +A street was named for her. + += = = Claude Mercier-Ythier = = = +Claude Mercier-Ythier (1931 – 3 July 2020) was a French harpsichord maker. He was born in Cannes. +In 1962, Mercier-Ythier opened his first workshop in Paris, working in the production of harpsichords. He was the first Frenchman since the reign of Louis XVI to work only in harpsichord production. Mercier-Ythier diversified his business, catering his harpsichords to businesses, theatres, and concert halls. +His instruments have also appeared in over 50 movies, including "L'Allée du Roi" and "Brotherhood of the Wolf". After a 45-year career, Mercier-Ythier's harpsichords had appeared in over 9000 concerts and 700 recordings. +In 1990, he published a book about the history of harpsichard making, "Les Clavecins". +Marcier-Ythier died on 3 July 2020. + += = = Hermine de Clermont-Tonnerre = = = +Princess Hermine de Clermont-Tonnerre (3 February 1966 – 3 July 2020) was a French socialite, writer and actor. She was a member of the House of Clermont-Tonnerre. She was born in Boulogne-Billancourt, France. De Clermont-Tonnerre was a contestant on two reality TV shows: "La Ferme Célébrités" (2010) and "Fear Factor" (2004). She was a juror for Miss France in 2003. She was known for her role in "Riches, belles, etc.". +On 2 June 2020, de Clermont-Tonnerre was involved in a motorcycle crash and was placed into a coma. She died of her injuries on 3 July 2020 at Bicêtre Hospital at the age of 54. + += = = Fariborz Arabnia = = = +Fariborz Arabnia (; born 28 April 1964 Tehran) is an Iranian actor, philanthropist and director. + += = = Hassan Abbasi = = = +Hassan Abbasi () is an Iranian political strategist and an Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps officer and head of its think-tank ‘Center for Borderless Security Doctrinal Analysis’. Abbasi is primarily known for his conspiracy theories, and for delivering speeches on issues including economics, history, politics and cinema. + += = = Martha Rocha = = = +Maria Martha Hacker Rocha (19 September 1936 – 4 July 2020) was a Brazilian model. She was the first winner of Miss Brasil in 1954, and the runner-up to Miss Universe. Rocha was born in Salvador, Bahia. +Rocha was a breast cancer survivor. She died on 4 July 2020 from a heart attack caused by respiratory failure in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, aged 83. + += = = Akbar Abdi = = = +Akbar Abdi (, born 26 August 1960 in Tehran, Iran) is an Iranian actor and comedian. + += = = Dan Ahdoot = = = +Dan Ahdoot (; ) is a writer, actor, and comedian. He is known for his TV appearances on Disney's "Kickin' It", Showtime's "Shameless", and the Seeso series "Bajillion Dollar Propertie$". He has also developed TV shows for CBS, FOX, Hulu, Freeform, and Pop. + += = = Niterói = = = +Niterói (, ) is a municipality of the state of Rio de Janeiro in the southeast region of Brazil. 511,786 people lived here since 2018. It has an area of , making it the fifth most populous city in the state. + += = = List of Afghans = = = +The following is a list of notable Afghan people, which includes all the ethnic groups of the modern state of Afghanistan. Afghanistan has gone through territorial changes. This list generally excludes Ethnic Pashtuns who originate from regions that were not controlled by Afghanistan at the time, though there are exceptions for certain figures who are prominent to Pashtuns. It also includes historical figures coming from the present day borders of Afghanistan, even if they were non-Pashtuns. +Faridoon Angar + += = = Vigdís Ásgeirsdóttir = = = +Vigdís Ásgeirsdóttir (born 14 August 1977) is an Icelandic badminton player. She was the women's doubles winner in the 1995, 1996, 1999, and 2001 Iceland Internationals. +She played at the 1995 IBF World Championships in the mixed doubles event with Guðmundur Adolfsson. She played in the 2015 BWF World Senior Championships with Elsa Nielsen. + += = = Lists of Azerbaijani movies = = = +A complete list of movies produced in the country of Azerbaijan ordered by year of release and decade on separate pages: + += = = Seninho = = = + Arsénio Rodrigues Jardim (1 July 1949 – 4 July 2020), commonly known as Seninho, was a Portuguese professional footballer. He played as a right winger. Seninho won four caps for Portugal, in slightly less than two years. +Seninho died on 4 July 2020 at the age of 71 at a hospital in Porto. + += = = Bhakti Charu Swami = = = +Bhakti Charu Swami (17 September 1945 – 4 July 2020) was an Indian spiritual leader. He was a member of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON). He was a disciple of ISKCON's founder A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada. Swami was born in the Bengal Presidency. +Swami died on 4 July 2020 from COVID-19 in Florida, aged 74. + += = = Mary Twala = = = +Mary Twala (14 September 1939 – 4 July 2020) was a South African actress. In 2011, she was nominated for Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role. Twala was born in Johannesburg. Her best known roles were in "Life, Above All", "Beat the Drum" and in "Sarafina!". +Twala died on 4 July 2020 in Johannesburg, aged 80. + += = = Notre Dame College = = = +Notre Dame College, also known as Notre Dame College of Ohio or simply NDC, is a Catholic liberal arts college in South Euclid, Ohio. Established in 1922 as a women's college, it has been coeducational since January 2001. + += = = South Euclid, Ohio = = = +South Euclid is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. It is an inner-ring suburb of Cleveland located on the city's east side. As of the 2020 census the population was 21,883. + += = = Myelofibrosis = = = +Primary myelofibrosis is a relatively rare bone marrow / blood cancer. It is currently classified as a myeloproliferative neoplasm. +Signs and symptoms. +Symptoms include: + += = = Sonnie Hale = = = +Sonnie Hale (1 May 1902 – 9 June 1959) was an English theatre and cinema actor and director. He was born in London. His play "The French Mistress" premiered at Wimbledon Theatre in 1955. +He died on 9 June 1959 in London from myelofibrosis, aged 57. + += = = Evelyn Laye = = = +Evelyn Laye, CBE (10 July 1900 – 17 February 1996) was an English actress. Her best known roles were in the 1920s, such as in "Phi-Phi" (1922), "Madame Pompadour" (1923), "The Dollar Princess", "Blue Eyes" (1928) and "Lilac Time". +Her first husband, actor Sonnie Hale, left her for Jessie Matthews, earning much public sympathy for Laye. Her second husband was actor Frank Lawton. +Laye died in a nursing home in Pimlico, Central London from respiratory failure, aged 95. + += = = Gay Culverhouse = = = +Gay Culverhouse (February 5, 1947 – July 1, 2020) was an American educator and sports executive. He was president of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers from 1991 to 1994 while her father, Hugh Culverhouse, owned the team. Culverhouse founded the Gay Culverhouse Players Outreach Program. Culverhouse was the author of "Throwaway Players: The Concussion Crisis from Pee Wee Football to the NFL". +In 1996, she was a brief term as president of Notre Dame College in South Euclid, Ohio. +She died on July 1, 2020 at 73 from myelofibrosis in Fernandina Beach, Florida. + += = = Yulee, Florida = = = +Yulee is a census-designated place in Nassau County, Florida, United States. The population is 14,195 as of 2020. Yulee is part of the Jacksonville metropolitan area, which was home to 1,605,848 people in 2020. + += = = Life, Above All = = = +Life, Above All is a 2010 South African German drama movie directed by Oliver Schmitz and based on the 2004 novel "Chanda's Secrets" by Allan Stratton. It stars Mary Twala, Khomotso Manyaka, Keaobaka Makanyane, Harriet Lenabe, Lerato Mvelase. + += = = Ayatullah Durrani = = = +Ayatullah Durrani (1 January 1956 – 5 July 2020) was a Pakistani politician. He was a Member of National Assembly of Pakistan from 2008 to 2013 and Minister of State for Industries and Production from 2008 to 2011. Durrani was a member of the Pakistan Peoples Party. He was born in the Mastung District, Pakistan. +Durrani died on 5 July 2020 in Quetta from COVID-19, aged 64. + += = = Beat the Drum = = = +Beat the Drum is a 2003 South African American drama movie directed by David Hickson and starring Mary Twala, Clive Scott, Junior Singo, Owen Sejake, Nthati Moshesh. + += = = Bettina Gilois = = = +Bettina Gilois (July 9, 1961July 5, 2020) was a German-American screenwriter and author. She was known for her work on the HBO movie "Bessie", and Disney's "Glory Road" and "McFarland, USA". +Gilois won an Emmy Nomination for Outstanding Writing of a Television Movie and a Black Reel Awards of 2016 nomination for "Bessie". She was born in Berlin. +Gilois was an associate professor in the Lawrence and Kristina Dodge College of Film and Media Arts at Chapman University. +Gilois died on July 5, 2020 from cancer in California, aged 58. + += = = Chapman University = = = +Chapman University is a private university in Orange, California. Chapman University offers 110 areas of study (49 majors and 61 minors), and it is made up of ten schools and colleges on campus, including Fowler School of Engineering, Dodge College of Film and Media Arts, Fowler School of Law, and Schmid College of Science and Technology. + += = = Florida House of Representatives = = = +The Florida House of Representatives is the lower house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida Senate being the upper house. +The House is made of 120 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of approximately 157,000 residents. + += = = Florida Legislature = = = +The Florida Legislature is the legislature of the U.S. State of Florida. It is organized as a bicameral body made of an upper chamber, the Senate, and a lower chamber, the House of Representatives. +The legislature is made of 160 state legislators (120 in the House and 40 in the Senate). It meets in the Florida State Capitol building in Tallahassee. + += = = Florida Senate = = = +The Florida Senate is the upper house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida House of Representatives being the lower house. The Senate is made of 40 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of about 470,000 residents. +As of 2018, Republicans hold the majority in the chamber with 23 seats; Democrats are in the minority with 17 seats. + += = = Alan S. Becker = = = +Alan S. Becker (February 9, 1946 – July 4, 2020) was an American lawyer, politician, educator, and writer. Becker was born in Brooklyn, in New York City. He was in the Florida House of Representatives from 1972 to 1978. He was a Democrat. +Becker died from cancer at his home in Southwest Ranches, Florida on July 4, 2020 at the age of 74. + += = = Southwest Ranches, Florida = = = +Southwest Ranches is a town in Broward County, Florida, United States. The population at the 2020 census was 7,607. + += = = Volodymyr Troshkin = = = +Volodymyr Mykolayovych Troshkin (, ; 28 September 1947 – 5 July 2020) was a Soviet footballer and a Ukrainian coach. He was seen by many to be the best right back in 1970s in Ukraine (Ukrainian SSR). He was born in Yenakiieve, then-Soviet Union. From 1972 to 1977, he played for the Soviet Union national football team. +Troshkin died on 5 July 2020 at the age of 72. + += = = Mauro Mellini = = = +Mauro Mellini (10 February 1927 – 5 July 2020) was an Italian politician and lawyer. Mellini was born in Civitavecchia, Italy. He was first elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1976 on the Radical Party ticket. Mellini remained in office until 1992. +Mellini died at a Rome hospital on 5 July 2020, aged 93. + += = = Cleveland Eaton = = = +Cleveland Josephus Eaton II (August 31, 1939July 5, 2020) was an American jazz double bassist, producer, arranger, composer, publisher, and record producer. He was born in Fairfield, Alabama. +His most famous works were playing with the Ramsey Lewis Trio and the Count Basie Orchestra. His 1975 recording "Plenty Good Eaton" is considered a classic in the funk music genre. He has been added into both the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame and the Alabama Music Hall of Fame. +Eaton died on July 5, 2020 at a hospital in Birmingham, Alabama at the age of 80. + += = = Dominic Cooper = = = +Dominic Edward Cooper (born 2 June 1978) is an English actor. He is known for his roles in "Mamma Mia!" and its sequel "Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again". +He played Jesse Custer on the AMC show "Preacher" (2016–2019). He has also appeared as the young Howard Stark in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, including in ' (2011), a cameo in ' (2014), and the TV series "Agent Carter" (2015–16). + += = = Jan Krajenbrink = = = +Jan Gerrit Henry Krajenbrink (16 July 1941 – 29 June 2020) was a Dutch politician. He was a member of the Anti-Revolutionary Party and Christian Democratic Appeal. From 1981 to 1994, he was a member of the House of Representatives. From 1994 to 2002, Krajenbrink was Mayor of Woudenberg. He was born in Oostwold, Netherlands. +Krajenbrink died on 29 June 2020 at the age of 78. + += = = Chehalis, Washington = = = +Chehalis ( ) is a city in Lewis County, Washington, United States. The population was 7,439 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Lewis County. + += = = Appalachian Trail = = = +The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, often called the Appalachian Trail or the A.T., is a hiking trail in the eastern United States. The trail goes between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine. The trail is about long. The exact length changes over time as parts are changed. The Appalachian Trail Conservancy says the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world. More than 2 million people hike on part of the trail at least once each year. +The idea of the Appalachian Trail started in 1921. The trail was completed in 1937 after more than ten years of work. Changes to the trail still happen every year. Thirty-one trail clubs and many partners help keep it usable. The National Park Service, United States Forest Service, and the nonprofit Appalachian Trail Conservancy manage it. Most of the trail is in forest or wild lands. Some parts go through towns, roads and farms. It passes through 14 states: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. +Thru-hikers attempt to hike the whole trail in one season. The number of thru-hikes per year has increased steadily. In 2017, 715 northbound and 133 southbound thru-hikes were reported. Many books, documentaries, websites, and fan organizations are dedicated to the hike. Some people hike from one end to the other, then turn around and thru-hike the trail the other way. This is known as a "yo-yo". +Other websites. +Official sites + += = = Alexandra-Maria Klein = = = +Alexandra-Maria Klein (born 17 September 1972 in Göttingen) is a German biologist and professor of nature conservation and landscape ecology at the University of Freiburg. She was awarded a 2014 CULTURA Prize. +She graduated from University of Göttingen, where she studied with Teja Tscharnke. She studied at University of California, Berkeley. She taught at University of Lüneburg. She was lead author of the 2014 World Biodiversity Council IPBES. + += = = Ratinho = = = +Carlos Roberto Massa (born February 15, 1956 in Águas de Lindóia) is a Brazilian broadcaster, businessman and presenter. He is also the father of the politician Ratinho Júnior. +He was a politician in the late 1970s until the mid-1990s, when he was a councilor in Curitiba and a federal deputy for the National Reconstruction Party (PRN). He is the founder and owner of Grupo Massa, which operates in the areas of communication (Rede Massa), agribusiness, brand management and licensing. + += = = Roth's tree frog = = = +Roth's tree frog or northern laughing tree frog ("Litoria rothii") is a frog from Australia. It lives in Western Australia, the Northern Territory and Queensland. +This frog can be 6.0 cm long from nose to rear end. Each frog can change colour from very light brown during the day to dark at night. It can have black and yellow colouring on its legs and middle. It has discs on the end of each front toe. +This frog can live in many kinds of places. People have seen it in swamps and forests, but it mostly lives near rivers. People have seen it in fruit farms. Sometimes, people accidentally move this frog from place to place while it is hiding in the fruit. +This frog lays eggs in temporary bodies of water and places that are temporarily flooded. The tadpoles become frogs after 65 days. The tadpoles are yellow in colour and can grow to 6.0 cm. + += = = Ümmügülsüm = = = +Ümgülsüm Sadıqzadə (1899 in Novxanı, Baku province, Russian Empire – 1944 in Russian SFSR, Soviet Union) was an Azerbaijani poet. +She wrote during 1918–20. She welcomed the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. +She was married to the well-known writer Seyid Hussein, a cousin of the Prime Minister of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, Mammad Amin Rasulzadeh. They were victims of Joseph Stalin's Great Purge. + += = = Teresa Colom i Pich = = = +Colom Teresa i Pich (born 12 December 1973 in La Seu d'Urgell) is an Andorran poet and writer. She won the 2000 Miquel Martí i Pol prize. +She graduated from Pompeu Fabra University. + += = = Dokaor Toongtong = = = +Dokaor Toongtong (); is a Thai female singer form Isan area, and genre Mor lam. She is a real name Buppha Boonmee, and alias "Sao Sieng Sor" (����������). +She was born in Ubon Ratchathani Province. She was a daughter of Samran and Sanga Boonmee. She started on stage in 2003 by first album "Oak Hak Wan Hae Tien", and popular by her second album "Ber Tho Jao Choo" in 2008. +She has a younger sister is Kantong Toongnguen, which a singer same hers. + += = = Robert Owen = = = +Robert Owen (; 14 May 1771 – 17 November 1858) was a Welsh textile businessman, philanthropist and social reformer. He was one founder of utopian socialism and the cooperative movement. He is known for work to improve factory working conditions for his workers. + += = = COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia = = = +The COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia is of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 () caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (). +The virus was confirmed to have spread to Slovakia on 6 March 2020 when Prime Minister Peter Pellegrini announced that a 52-year-old man was infected. He had not traveled anywhere but his son had traveled to Venice in Italy, and it was believed that his son was the first Slovak to be which was later confirmed. +Three cases were then confirmed, including the man's son and wife. During the next few days, COVID-19 cases went up to 21 out of 832 tested. + += = = COVID-19 pandemic in Fiji = = = +The COVID-19 pandemic in Fiji is part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 () caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (). +The first case of the disease in Fiji was reported on 19 March 2020. , the country has had a total of 19 cases from the islands of Viti Levu and Vanua Levu as of which 18 have recovered. +On 6 July, Fiji confirmed its nineteenth COVID-19 case. A 66-year-old Fijian citizen who had returned from India. He was transferred at Nadi hospital to be quarantined. + += = = Ceylon Petroleum Corporation = = = +Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CEYPETCO) is the national oil and gas company of Sri Lanka. It was set up as a state enterprise by Act. No. 28 of 1961 in parliament and further amendments carried out subsequently. It is Sri Lanka largest petroleum suppler and largest company. + += = = Brooke County, West Virginia = = = +Brooke County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 22,559 people lived there. Its county seat is Wellsburg. + += = = Doddridge County, West Virginia = = = +Doddridge County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 7,808 people lived there. Its county seat is West Union. + += = = Fayette County, West Virginia = = = +Fayette County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 40,488 people lived there. Its county seat is Fayetteville. + += = = Gilmer County, West Virginia = = = +Gilmer County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 7,408 people lived there. Its county seat is Glenville. + += = = Gilmer County = = = +Gilmer County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Brunswick County = = = +Brunswick County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Grant County, West Virginia = = = +Grant County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 10,976 people lived there. Its county seat is Petersburg. + += = = Hancock County, West Virginia = = = +Hancock County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 29,095 people lived there. Its county seat is New Cumberland. + += = = Hardy County, West Virginia = = = +Hardy County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 14,299 people lived there. Its county seat is Moorefield. + += = = Harrison County, West Virginia = = = +Harrison County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 65,921 people lived there. Its county seat is Clarksburg. + += = = Jackson County, West Virginia = = = +Jackson County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 27,791 people lived there. Its county seat is Ripley. + += = = Lewis County, West Virginia = = = +Lewis County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 17,033 people lived there. Its county seat is Weston. + += = = Marion County, West Virginia = = = +Marion County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 56,205 people lived there. Its county seat is Fairmont. + += = = Mason County, West Virginia = = = +Mason County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 25,453 people lived there. Its county seat is Point Pleasant. + += = = McDowell County, West Virginia = = = +McDowell County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 19,111 people lived there. Its county seat is Welch. + += = = Mineral County, West Virginia = = = +Mineral County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 26,938 people lived there. Its county seat is Keyser. + += = = Boyd County = = = +Boyd County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Atchison County = = = +Atchison County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Bath County = = = +Bath County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Curry County = = = +Curry County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Decatur County = = = +Decatur County is the name of five counties in the United States: + += = = Graham County = = = +Graham County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Highland County = = = +Highland County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Carter County = = = +Carter County is the name of five counties in the United States: + += = = Hart County = = = +Hart County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Harris County = = = +Harris County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Hill County = = = +Hill County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Hall County = = = +Hall County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Hale County = = = +Hale County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Gibson County = = = +Gibson County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = GNU Octave = = = +GNU Octave is an open source programming language for numerical analysis (especially numerical linear algebra). This language is mostly compatible with MATLAB. +Usage. +GNU Octave was originally made for numerical analysis. But today, it is also used for the following purposes (the purposes may increase in the future): + += = = Bitter Sweet = = = +Bitter Sweet is a 1940 American musical movie directed by W. S. Van Dyke and is the second adaption of the 1929 operetta of the same name by Noël Coward. It stars Jeanette MacDonald, Nelson Eddy, George Sanders, Felix Bressart, Diana Lewis, Fay Holden, Edward Ashley, Lynne Carver and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1941. + += = = Fast and Fearless = = = +Fast and Fearless is a 1924 American silent western movie directed by Richard Thorpe and starring Buffalo Bill, Jr., Jean Arthur, George Magrill, Julian Rivero, Steve Clemente. It was distributed by Action Pictures. + += = = Lin Moyu = = = +Lin Moyu (Chinese: ���; 1 July 1924 – 1 July 2020) was a Chinese actress. She was known for her role in the movie series "A Dream of Red Mansions". She won a Golden Rooster Award in 1990. +Lin Moyu died on her 96th birthday on 1 July 2020. + += = = Bob Reade = = = +Bob Reade (July 22, 1932 – July 5, 2020) was an American football coach. He was the head coach at Augustana College in Rock Island, Illinois from 1979 to 1994. He was added into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1998. Reade was born in Monticello, Iowa. He also played football at Cornell University in the 1950s. +Reade died on July 5, 2020 at the age of 87. + += = = Carme Contreras i Verdiales = = = +Carme Contreras i Verdiales (4 October 1932 – 6 July 2020) was a Spanish actress. She was known for dubbing the voice E.T. in "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial", mother Fratelli in "The Goonies" and Marge Simpson in "The Simpsons" in their Catalan versions. On television, her best known role was in "El Cor de la Ciutat". +Contreras i Verdiales died on 6 July 2020, aged 87. + += = = Josep Maria Benet i Jornet = = = +Josep Maria Benet i Jornet (; 20 June 1940 – 6 April 2020) was a Spanish playwright and television writer. He was born in Barcelona. He was known for creating "Nissaga de poder" (1996–1998), "Laberint d'ombres" (1998–2000), "El cor de la ciutat" (2000–2009) and "Ventdelplà" (2005–2010). +Benet i Jornet died from COVID-19 in Lleida, Spain on 6 April 2020, aged 79. + += = = Giuseppe Rizza = = = +Giuseppe Rizza (8 April 1987 – 6 July 2020) was an Italian footballer. He was born in Noto, Italy. From 1995 to 2006, he played for Juventus. Between 2008 and 2012, he played for Livorno. +Rizza died on 6 July 2020 in Catania, Italy from a ruptured brain aneurysm, aged 33. + += = = NK Veres Rivne = = = +Narodnyy Klub Veres Rivne is a Ukrainian football club based in Rivne. +The team ran into financial problems after the winter break of the 2010–11 season and was removed from the Ukrainian Second League. Between 1992–1995, Veres Rivne took part in the Ukrainian Premier League. + += = = US Pergolettese 1932 = = = +Unione Sportiva Pergolettese 1932 is a football club which plays in Italy. It is based in Crema, province of Cremona, Lombardy. It currently plays in Serie C, the third level of Italian football. + += = = Sergey Zagraevsky = = = +Sergey Wolfgangowitsch Zagraevsky (, ; 20 August 1964 – 6 July 2020) was a Russian-Israeli painter, architectural historian, writer and theologian. He was born in Moscow. Zagraevsky was also a full member of from 2001 until his death, the AICA from 2004 until his death, and the (since 2001), a (since 2009), a member of from 2013 until his death. +Zagraevsky died on 6 July 2020 at a Moscow hospital from acute heart failure, aged 55. + += = = Angelo Fagiani = = = +Angelo Fagiani (18 April 1943 – 4 July 2020) was an Italian Roman Catholic archbishop. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1967. He was archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Camerino-San Severino Marche, Italy, from 1999 until 2007. +Fagiani died on 4 July 2020, aged 77. + += = = Cristiano Ronaldo International Airport = = = +Cristiano Ronaldo International Airport, Madeira, also known as Madeira Airport () or Funchal Airport () , is an international airport located near Funchal, Madeira. The airport is named after football player Cristiano Ronaldo. + += = = Elyas M'Barek = = = +Elyas M'Barek (, born 29 May 1982) is a German-born Austrian actor. He is of Austrian and Tunisian descent. His first movie role was in the 2001 sex comedy "Mädchen, Mädchen". He starred in the 2008 movie "Die Welle". He played a vampire in "" (2013). + += = = A.J. Cook (actress) = = = +Andrea Joy Cook (born July 22, 1978) is a Canadian actress, best known for her role as Supervisory Special Agent Jennifer "JJ" Jareau on "Criminal Minds". + += = = Matthew Gray Gubler = = = +Matthew Gray Gubler (born March 9, 1980) is an American actor, filmmaker, fashion model, painter, illustrator, director, and author, best known for his role as criminal profiler Dr. Spencer Reid in the television show "Criminal Minds". + += = = Shemar Moore = = = +Shemar Franklin Moore (born April 20, 1970) is an American actor. He is known for playing many characters of television. These include Malcolm Winters on "The Young and the Restless", Derek Morgan on "Criminal Minds" and Sergeant II Daniel "Hondo" Harrelson on "S.W.A.T.". All of these series were on CBS. Moore was also a host of "Soul Train" from 1999 to 2003. +Moore has won eight NAACP Image Awards. He also won the 2000 Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series for his work on "The Young and the Restless". He was nominated for a People's Choice Award in 2016 for his work on "Criminal Minds". + += = = Paramount Television = = = +Paramount Television was the television production division of the American film studio Paramount Pictures, that was responsible for the production of Viacom television programs until it changed its name to CBS Paramount Television on 17 January 2006. + += = = The Invention of Lying = = = +The Invention of Lying is a 2009 American speculative romantic comedy movie written and directed by Ricky Gervais and Matthew Robinson. +The movie stars Gervais as the first human with the ability to lie in a world where people can only tell the truth. The cast includes Jennifer Garner, Jonah Hill, Louis C.K., Rob Lowe, and Tina Fey. The movie was released in the United States on October 2, 2009. + += = = ABC Signature = = = +ABC Studios is an American television production studio under the Disney Television Studios unit of Walt Disney Television that was named in 2020 (both ultimately owned by The Walt Disney Company). The studio is the production arm of the ABC television network, and originally started in 1950 as the television unit of Walt Disney Productions, later Walt Disney Television in 1985, and launched a subsidiary, the first incarnation of Touchstone Television, established in 1985 (later to be merged into ABC in 1999, and merged Walt Disney Network Television into Touchstone Television) and renamed ABC Studios in 2007. it has a Signature unit, ABC Signature Studios, which was formed in 2013. it is not to be confused with the unit of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation with the same name. + += = = Discovery doctrine = = = +The discovery doctrine or doctrine of discovery is a legal term. It means that if a country was not under the control of a king who was from Europe and Christian, then any European Christian country could take control of the land. The discovery doctrine ignores any claim to the land that the native people living there might make. +History. +Many European kings used the discovery doctrine to justify colonization. They said that they wanted to bring civilization and Christianity to new places. Back then, it was thought that European culture was the best culture and Christianity was the best religion. +United States law. +The courts of the United States have used the discovery doctrine to say that Native Americans were not allowed to own land. The reasoning behind this thinking is that they were just occupants of the land and did not really own it before Europeans came. Therefore, the land was not theirs but belongs to European governments or their successors (in this case, the United States and Americans would be the land owner since the country was formed after independence from Great Britain). +Present-day consequences. +Many people now think that the discovery doctrine is not fair and racist. They think indigenous peoples should have the right to own land because the land is part of who they are as a people group and owning land allows them to have more legal benefits. +Religion. +Some churches that have supported the discovery doctrine in the past now repudiate it. That means that they do not believe anymore and that they are sorry for all the hurt it has caused. Many of the churches that repudiated the discovery doctrine are Protestant churches in North America, specifically the United States. +The Catholic Church has not made a statement against the discovery doctrine. Many of the rulers who used the doctrine discovery were Catholics. +The Catholic Church officially repudiated the Doctrine of Discovery in March of 2023. + += = = Touchstone Television = = = +Touchstone Television was the name of two different American television production companies. +1st iteration. +Touchstone Television was an American television production company launched in 1985. It was part of 21st Century Fox. In 2007, Touchstone Television was renamed to ABC Studios. +2nd iteration. +Touchstone Television (formerly Fox 21 Television Studios) was an American television production company launched in 2014. On August 10th, 2020, the Touchstone branding was revived by Disney which renamed Fox 21 Television Studios as Touchstone Television. In December 1st, 2020, it was folded into 20th Television which replaced Fox Television Studios, Fox 21, Fox World, Fox Lab and Foxstar Productions. + += = = New People's Army = = = +The New People's Army (), abbreviated NPA or BHB, is the armed wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP). It acts as the CPP's principal organization. It was founded on March 29, 1969. The NPA has since began a guerrilla war based on the Maoist strategy of protracted people's war. + += = = Fuzz = = = +Fuzz is a 1972 American action comedy movie directed by Richard A. Colla and starring Raquel Welch, Burt Reynolds, Tom Skerritt, Yul Brynner, Jack Weston, Charles Martin Smith, Steve Ihnat, Peter Bonerz. It was distributed by United Artists. + += = = Desert tree frog = = = +The desert tree frog, naked tree frog, seagull frog, red tree frog, little red tree frog or brown tree frog ("Litoria rubella") is a frog from Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and northern Australia. +The male adult frogs is about 31 to 35 mm long from nose to rear end and females are 33 to 37 mm long. They are light brown in color with darker brown spots and a dark brown stripe down each side of its body. They have yellow colouring on their legs. +This frog lives in many different kinds of places, for example swamps and streams and ditches. It often lives near human houses, where it can climb into pipes. +They lay eggs on the surface of non-moving water, 30–300 eggs at a time. The tadpoles become frogs in two weeks. + += = = Institutional racism = = = +Institutional racism is a form of racism that are in social institutions. It is also called systemic racism because it is in the systems that make up society. People usually think of racism as being thoughts of hate and prejudice against other races, but institutional racism means that those feelings are present in the ways people interact with each other. +Institutional racism is not new, but the term is. It was invented by civil rights leaders Stokely Carmichael and Charles V. Hamilton. +North America. +United States. +Institutional racism is a huge issue in the US. +Housing. +In the past, Black Americans were not allowed to live in certain neighborhoods. For example, banks would not give them loans to live in the same neighborhoods as white people. As a result, many Black people now live in places that have high rates of poverty and lack of access to resources like parks and good schools. + += = = Weekend at Bernie's = = = +Weekend at Bernie's is a 1989 American black comedy movie directed by Ted Kotcheff and stars Andrew McCarthy, Jonathan Silverman. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Emma's Shadow = = = +Emma's Shadow () is a 1988 Danish drama movie directed by Søren Kragh-Jacobsen. It stars Line Kruse, Börje Ahlstedt, Inge Sofie Skovbo, Henrik Larsen, Ken Vedsegaard and Bent N. Steinert. + += = = Jeff Davis (writer) = = = +Jeff Davis (born June 13, 1975) is an American writer and television producer. He is best known for creating the CBS crime drama "Criminal Minds". He was born in Milford, Connecticut. +Davis is openly gay. + += = = Entertainment One = = = +Entertainment One Holdings USA Inc., also known as eOne (aka E1), is a Canadian-American entertainment company. + += = = Mark Gordon (producer) = = = +Mark Gordon (born October 10, 1956) is an American television and film producer, and a former President of the Producers Guild of America. + += = = Dolby Digital = = = +Dolby Digital, also known as Dolby AC-3, is developed by Dolby Laboratories. It is an audio compression technology. It reduces the transmission bandwidth and storage requirements of audio data. It is used in movies, TV broadcast, radio broadcast via satellite, digital video streaming, DVDs, Blu-ray discs and game consoles. + += = = Bachelor of Fine Arts = = = +A Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA, B.F.A.) is a degree. + += = = Outsider (1997 movie) = = = +Outsider is a 1997 Slovenian drama movie directed by Andrej Košak. It stars Demeter Bitenc, Miranda Caharija, Nina Ivanič, Jure Ivanušič, Davor Janjić, Uroš Potočnik and Zijah Sokolović. + += = = Seduce Me = = = +Seduce Me () is a 2013 Slovenian drama movie written and directed by Marko Šantić. It stars Janko Mandic, Nina Rakovec, Natasa Barbara Gracner, Peter Musevski, Dario Varga, Primoz Pirnat, Grega Zorc, Ljerka Belak, Igor Zuzek, Igor Samobor and Maja Gal Stromar. + += = = Leo Sayer = = = +Gerard Hugh "Leo" Sayer is an English-born pop singer. He was born in Shoreham-by-Sea near the city of Brighton and Hove, England, on May 21st, 1948. He was most successful during the 1970s and early 1980s. He had hits such as "When I Need You", "The Show Must Go On", "Moonlighting" and "You Make Me Feel Like Dancing". He became an Australian citizen in January, 2009. +Early life. +Sayer was born in Shoreham-by-Sea to an English father and Irish mother on May 21st, 1948. He attended St. Peter's Catholic Primary School in Shoreham and later attended Blessed Robert Southwell, renamed Chatsmore in Goring-by-Sea. Leo also attended West Sussex College of Art and Design in Worthing to study commercial art and graphic design. +Career. +Leo first found fame in his home country in 1973 when his single "The Show Must Go On" reached no 2 in the UK single charts. He performed this song dressed as a pierrot clown. He co-wrote a number of his songs, including this song. His singing career went from strength to strength and by the late 1970s he was well known internationally having had hit singles and albums in the USA, Ireland, Sweden, Australia and other countries. A number of hit singles followed in the early 1980s, including "Orchard Road" and "More Than I Can Say" . He returned to the top of the UK singles chart in 2006 with a remix hit of his 1977 single, "Thunder in my Heart ". +Sayer appeared in "The Muppet Show" in 1978 where he sang "The Show Must Go On", "You Make Me Feel Like Dancing" and his best selling single, "When I Need You". He also was a participant in the UK's "Celebrity Big Brother" 2007. + += = = An Episode in the Life of an Iron Picker = = = +An Episode in the Life of an Iron Picker () is a 2013 Bosnian French Slovenian drama movie written and directed by Danis Tanović. It stars Nazif Mujić, Senada Alimanović, Šemsa Mujić and Sandra Mujić. + += = = The Good Son (movie) = = = +The Good Son is a 1993 American psychological thriller movie directed by Joseph Ruben and starring Elijah Wood, Macaulay Culkin, Wendy Crewson, David Morse, Daniel Hugh Kelly, Jacqueline Brookes. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Gita Govinda = = = +Gita Govinda was written by the 12th-century Hindu poet Jaydev. It describes the relationship between Krishna and the female cow herders of Vrindavan. The Gita Govinda is organized into twelve chapters. Each chapter is further sub-divided into twenty-four divisions called Prabandhas. +The poem has been translated into most modern Indian languages and many European languages. + += = = The Cobbler = = = +The Cobbler () is a mountain tall near the head of Loch Long in Scotland. Although only a Corbett, it is "one of the most impressive summits in the Southern Highlands", and is also the most important place for rock climbing in the Southern Highlands. Many maps use the name Ben Arthur (an anglicisation of the Gaelic), but the name "The Cobbler" is used more. + += = = .30 Carbine = = = +The .30 Carbine (pronounced thirty carbine) cartridge is a carbine cartridge first made for the M1 carbine. The U.S. Army made this cartridge because it needed a bullet more powerful than the .45 ACP but lighter than the .30-06. +From a rifle, the .30 Carbine has about the same amount of firepower as the .357 Magnum. + += = = Champaign County = = = +Champaign County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = .357 Magnum = = = +The .357 Magnum cartridge is a pistol cartridge. It has a high stopping power and enough penetration power to shoot through many kinds of body armor. It was based on the .38 Special. Revolvers that shoot the .357 Magnum can also shoot the .38 Special. +It was first made to stop criminals wearing body armor and hiding in cars. It was the fastest handgun cartridge made until the .44 Magnum. +It is popular for hunting and self-defense. Most guns that shoot the .357 Magnum are revolvers or lever-action rifles, but there are also some semi-automatic pistols that can shoot .357 Magnums, such as the Desert Eagle. + += = = Berrien County = = = +Berrien County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Bourbon County = = = +Bourbon County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Caroline County = = = +Caroline County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Chatham County = = = +Chatham County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Desert Eagle = = = +The Desert Eagle is a semi-automatic pistol that shoots very large handgun cartridges. There are models that can shoot the .357 Magnum, the .44 Magnum, or the .50 Action Express (AE). It is the world's most powerful semi-automatic pistol that is mass-produced and can be sold to civilians. Even though the gun is very powerful, it is not very popular for military use because it is too heavy and kicks back too hard for it to be useful in battle. However, it is a popular weapon in movies and in video games because of its size and stopping power, such as in "The Matrix", "RoboCop", "The Boondock Saints", "Counter-Strike", the "Call of Duty" series, "Battlefield 4", "Far Cry 4", the "Grand Theft Auto" series, and many others. + += = = Coco County = = = +Coco County is a nickname of two counties in the United States: + += = = Crittenden County = = = +Crittenden County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Frederick County = = = +Frederick County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Lexington Avenue–63rd Street station = = = +Lexington Avenue - 63rd Street , formerly Lexington Avenue is a New York City Subway station in Lenox Hill, Manhattan shared by IND and BMT 63rd Street Lines. Located at the intersection of Lexington Avenue and 63rd Street, it is served by the F and Q trains at all times, limited F trains during rush hours <F> trains during rush hours in the peak direction, one A.M. rush hour R train in the northbound direction only, this station is on 3rd Avenue and 63rd Street, this station is for F and Q trains, after this station on the Sixth Avenue line F train, the next stations will be 57th Street and Roosevelt Island and after this station on the Broadway express Q train, the next stations will be 72nd Street and 57th Street Seventh Avenue. Sometimes, E trains and other trains enter this station via 6th Avenue to World Trade Center or Jamaica Center or other stations. + += = = Combat medic = = = +A combat medic is someone in the military who has medical training. Their job is to heal sick or injured soldiers on the battlefield. Medics are protected by the Geneva Conventions. This means that anyone who purposefully attacks or kills a medic clearly wearing medical clothing and has no weapon in their hand commits a war crime. Even though it is a war crime, some soldiers will still attack medics. An example of this is the Japanese military during World War II, when officers would pay soldiers extra money for killing medics. For this reason, most medics carry a pistol or a carbine just in case they need to protect themselves and the soldiers they are treating. + += = = .50 Action Express = = = +The .50 Action Express (AE) is a very powerful handgun cartridge and one of the most powerful in the world. It is one of the bullets that can be fired from a Desert Eagle. + += = = Rachel Nichols (journalist) = = = +Rachel Michele Nichols (née Alexander, born October 18, 1973) is a sports journalist and television host for ESPN, a sports reporter, and an anchor. She has a NBA talk show called "The Jump"; weekdays on ESPN, it covers news and stories from around the group and has a group of NBA analysts and players. + += = = Mingo County, West Virginia = = = +Mingo County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 23,568 people lived there. Its county seat is Williamson. + += = = Haywood County = = = +Haywood County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Brokstedt = = = +Brokstedt is a municipality of the district Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. + += = = Rachel Nichols = = = +Rachel Nichols may refer to: + += = = Kursk = = = +Kursk () is a city in Russia. It is the capital and the largest city of the Kursk Oblast. It is about south of Moscow. Kursk is where a large tank battle happened in World War 2. Three thousand German tanks and five thousand Soviet tanks attacked each other. The Soviets won the battle. + += = = Battles of Khalkhin Gol = = = +The Battle of Khalkhin Gol was a battle that was fought between the Soviet Union and Mongolia, against Japan. This battle was fought in Manchuria, located in the northeast of China. The battles happened from 11 May 1939 to 16 September 1939. The Soviets and Mongolians won the battles. +The battle was named after a river located on the battlefield called Khalkhin Gol. + += = = Paolo Cabras = = = +Paolo Cabras (16 January 1931 – 2 July 2020) was an Italian politician and surgeon. He was born in Rome. He was first elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1972. Cabras remained a deputy until 1987, when he was elected to the Senate. He retired in 1994. He was a member of the Christian Democracy Party. +Cabras died on 2 July 2020 in Rome, aged 89. + += = = Penis = = = +A penis (plural "penises" or "penes" ) is the main sexual organ of most male animals. It is used to inseminate females (or hermaphrodites) during sex (copulation). In some animals, the penis is also be used to urinate. +Penises are found in many animal species. They are found in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Penises are not found in every species of animal. In those species where the male does have a penis, the penises are not homologous. This means that it evolved separately in each species. + += = = Tilo Prückner = = = +Tilo Prückner (26 October 1940 – 2 July 2020) was a German actor. His career lasted for over fifty years and more than 100 movies. He was born in Augsburg, Germany. He was known for his roles in "The NeverEnding Story", "Iron Sky" and "Tatort". +Prückner died on 2 July 2020 from heart failure at a Berlin hospital, aged 79. + += = = Willi Holdorf = = = +Willi Holdorf (17 February 1940 — 5 July 2020) was a West German athlete. In 1964, he won the first Olympic gold medal for Germany in decathlon and was named German Sportspersonality of the Year. He was born in Blomesche Wildnis, Germany. +Holdorf died on 5 July 2020 at his home in Achterwehr, Germany from an illness, aged 80. + += = = Inuwa Abdulkadir = = = +Inuwa Abdulkadir (12 January 1966 – 6 July 2020) was a Nigerian lawyer and politician. He was National Vice Chairman (North West) of the All Progressives Congress (APC). He was Federal Minister of Youth Development from 2012 to 2013 under the cabinet of President Goodluck Jonathan. He was born in Sokoto, Nigeria. +Abdulkadir died on 6 July 2020 in Sokoto from COVID-19, aged 54. +Personal Life. +Inuwa died on 6 July, 2020VID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in NigInuwa a. He was married and had ten ch.dren. +Biography. +Inuwa was born on 12 January 1966 in Sokoto state, Nigeria. He attended Ahmadu Bello Academy in Farufaru from 1977 to 1982, Inuwa received Bachelor of law from Usman Danfodio University in Sokoto from 1982 to 1990. +Political Career. +President Goodluck Jonathan appointed Inuwa as the Federal Minister of Youth Development in 2012. Whereas in 2013 inuwa was removed from the office. + += = = Andrew Kishore = = = +Andrew Kishore (4 November 1955 – 6 July 2020) was a Bangladeshi playback folk singer. He was known as the king of Dhallywood. Kishore was born in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. +His notable songs include "Jiboner Golpo Achhe Baki Olpo", "Dak Diyachhen Doyal Amare", "Haire Manush Rongin Fanush", "Amar Shara Deho Kheyo Go Mati", "Amar Buker Moddhe Khane", "Amar Babar Mukhe Prothom Jedin Shunechilam Gan", "Bhengeche Pinjor Meleche Dana", and "Shobai To Bhalobasha Chae". +Kishore won Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer eight times for the movies "Boro Bhalo Lok Chhilo" (1982), "Surrender" (1987), "Khotipuron" (1989), "Padma Meghna Jamuna" (1991), "Kabul" (1996), "Aaj Gaye Holud" (2000), "Saajghor" (2007) and "Ki Jadu Korila" (2008). +Kishore died on 6 July 2020 at a hospital in Rajshahi, Bangladesh from Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, aged 64. + += = = Club Almagro = = = +Club Almagro is an Argentine sports club from José Ingenieros, Buenos Aires. Although its headquarters are in the Almagro district. The football team currently plays in the Primera B Nacional, the second division of the Argentine football league system. + += = = Juris Kronbergs = = = +Juris Kronbergs (9 August 1946 – 6 July 2020) was a Latvian-Swedish poet and translator. He was best known for his poetry, written in Latvian. His most known book is "Vilks vienacis" (Wolf One-Eye, 1996). +He translated mant volumes of poetry and fiction by Imants Ziedonis, Vizma Belševica, Knuts Skujenieks, Uldis Bērziņš, Sandra Kalniete, Jānis Elsbergs, Edvīns Raups, Inguna Jansone and other authors. +Kronbergs died in Stockholm on 6 July 2020, aged 73. + += = = Knuts Skujenieks = = = +Knuts Skujenieks (5 September 1936 – 25 July 2022) was a Latvian poet, journalist, and translator. He was born in Riga. +In 1962, he was convicted of anti-Soviet activities, and sentenced to seven years in prison camp in Mordovia, Russia. His first poems were released in 1978. The poems he wrote during his captivity were published in 1990. +In 2008 he was awarded the Baltic Assembly Prize for Literature. +Skujenieks died on 25 July 2022 at the age of 85. + += = = Sandra Kalniete = = = +Sandra Kalniete (born 22 December 1952) is a Latvian politician, author, diplomat and independence movement leader. She was Foreign Minister of Latvia from 2002 to 2004 and as European Commissioner for Agriculture, Rural Development and Fisheries in 2004. In 2009, she became a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the European People's Party. + += = = Greyhound (movie) = = = +Greyhound is an upcoming American war movie directed by Aaron Schneider and starring Tom Hanks, who also wrote the screenplay. +The movie is based on the 1955 novel "The Good Shepherd" by C. S. Forester, and also stars Stephen Graham, Rob Morgan, and Elisabeth Shue. +"Greyhound" was originally supposed to be theatrically released in the United States on June 12, 2020, by Sony Pictures, but was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It will now be released on July 10, 2020 only on Apple TV+. +It received generally positive reviews from critics. + += = = C. S. Forester = = = +Cecil Louis Troughton Smith (27 August 1899 – 2 April 1966), known by his pen name Cecil Scott "C. S." Forester, was an English novelist. He was known for writing books of naval war. He was known for writing the Horatio Hornblower series. His other works include "The African Queen" and "The Good Shepherd". He was born in Cairo. +Forester died on 2 April 1966 in Fullerton, California from a stroke, aged 66. + += = = Fullerton, California = = = +Fullerton is a city in northern Orange County, California, United States. As of the 2020 census, 143,617 people lived in Fullerton. + += = = John Forester (cyclist) = = = +John Forester (October 7, 1929 – April 14, 2020) was an American industrial engineer. He was known for his works in bicycle transportation engineering. +He was a known cycling activist and as "the father of vehicular cycling", for creating the Effective Cycling program of bicycle training. + += = = Osvaldo Sosa = = = +Osvaldo "Chiche" Sosa (26 January 1945 – 6 July 2020) was an Argentine football manager and player. He worked as the manager of Atlético Tucumán in the Primera División Argentina. He was born in Buenos Aires. He was also known for playing with and managing Club Almagro. +Sosa died on 6 July 2020 from stroke-related problems in Buenos Aires, aged 75. + += = = Atlético Tucumán = = = +Club Atlético Tucumán (mostly known as Atlético Tucumán) is an Argentinian football club based in the city of San Miguel de Tucumán of Tucumán Province. +Atlético is mostly known for its football team, which currently plays in the Primera División, the first division of the Argentine football league system. +They played for the first time in 2017 both Copa Libertadores and Copa Sudamericana. + += = = Zoran Stojković = = = +Zoran Stojković (; 7 October 1946 — 6 July 2020) was a Serbian politician. He was Minister of Justice in the Government of Serbia from 2004 to 2007 when Vojislav Koštunica was Prime Minister. He was born in Belgrade. He was a member of the Democratic Party of Serbia. +Stojković died on 6 July 2020 in Belgrade, aged 73. + += = = Vojislav Koštunica = = = +Vojislav Koštunica (born 24 March 1944) is a former Serbian politician. He was the last President of FR Yugoslavia from 2000 to 2003, and the prime minister of Serbia in two terms from 2004 to 2007 and from 2007 to 2008. + += = = President of Serbia and Montenegro = = = +The president of Serbia and Montenegro () was the head of state of Serbia and Montenegro. From its creation in 1992 until 2003, when the country was reconstituted as a confederacy (state union), the head of state was known as the president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. +In 2006 the office was abolished as the state union was dissolved, with Serbia and Montenegro becoming independent countries. + += = = Svetozar Marović = = = +Svetozar Marović (; born 31 March 1955) is a Montenegrin lawyer and politician. He was the President of Serbia and Montenegro from 2003 until Montenegro declared its independence in 2006. He was the last head of state of Serbia-Montenegro. +On December 15, 2015, he was arrested in Montenegro for charges of corruption, and on August 18, 2017, his family's assets were frozen. + += = = COVID-19 pandemic in Montenegro = = = +The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have spread to Montenegro when its first case was confirmed on 17 March 2020, making it the last European country to register a case of SARS-CoV-2. + the total number of cases in Montenegro is 6,222. +On 24 May 2020, 68 days after the first case was recorded in Montenegro, it became the first corona-free country in Europe. +Montenegro had 0 active cases from 24 May until 14 June when the first imported case was reported. + += = = COVID-19 pandemic in Oceania = = = +The pandemic was confirmed to have reached Oceania on 25 January 2020 with the first confirmed case reported in Melbourne, Australia. It has since spread elsewhere in the region, although many small Pacific island nations have thus far avoided the outbreak by closing their international borders. +As of 6 July, ten Oceania sovereign states have yet to report a case - Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated State of Micronesia, Nauru, Palau, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu. + += = = COVID-19 pandemic in Mozambique = = = +The COVID-19 pandemic in Mozambique is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 () caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (). The virus was confirmed to have reached Mozambique in March 2020. +On 8 April 2020, Mozambique registered seven new positive cases of COVID-19, increasing the total number of confirmed cases to 17, nine of which are local transmissions. +After ending June with 254 confirmed cases, the number of confirmed cases had doubled by 13 June, with a further 44 cases confirmed on that day alone. +The country recorded its third death on 14 June, an 84-year-old man from Nampula Province. + += = = Pascoal Mocumbi = = = +Pascoal Manuel Mocumbi (10 April 1941 – 25 March 2023) was a Mozambican politician. He was the Prime Minister of Mozambique from 1994 until 2004. Between 2004 and 2013, Mocumbi was the High Representative of the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP). +Mocumbi died on 25 March 2023, at the age of 81, after several years of poor health. + += = = Luísa Diogo = = = +Luísa Dias Diogo (born 11 April 1958) is a Mozambican politician. He was Prime Minister of Mozambique from February 2004 to January 2010. She replaced Pascoal Mocumbi. She was the first female Prime Minister of Mozambique. Diogo represents the party FRELIMO. + += = = Aires Ali = = = +Aires Bonifácio Baptista Ali (born 6 December 1955) is a Mozambican politician. He was Prime Minister of Mozambique from 16 January 2010 to 8 October 2012. +He was Governor of Inhambane Province from 2000 to 2004 and Minister of Education from 2005 to 2010. He was appointed ambassador to China in June 2016 by President Filipe Nyusi. + += = = Alberto Vaquina = = = +Alberto Vaquina (born July 4, 1961) is a Mozambican politician. He was Prime Minister of Mozambique from 2012 to 2015. He was appointed by President Armando Guebuza on 8 October 2012, replacing Aires Ali. +Vaquina was Governor of Tete Province from 2010 to 2012. + += = = Timothy J. Keller = = = +Timothy J. Keller (September 23, 1950 – May 19, 2023) was an American pastor, theologian, and Christian apologist. He was the Chairman and co-Founder of Redeemer City to City. He was also the founding pastor of Redeemer Presbyterian Church in New York City. +He was the author of "The New York Times" bestselling books "The Prodigal God: Recovering the Heart of the Christian Faith" (2008), "Prayer: Experiencing Awe and Intimacy with God" (2014), and "The Reason for God: Belief in an Age of Skepticism" (2008). The prequel for the latter is "Making Sense of GOD: An Invitation to the Skeptical" (2016). +Keller married Kathy Kristy in 1975; they had three children. +Keller suffered from thyroid cancer in 2002. +In June 2020, Keller revealed that he had been diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. On May 18, 2023, Keller's son Michael announced that Keller would receive hospice care at home after a hospitalization. He died the following day in New York City, at the age of 72. + += = = Aubert Pallascio = = = +Aubert Pallascio (August 19, 1937 – July 5, 2020) was a Canadian actor and comedian. He was best known for playing Pierre Trudeau in the 1980 movie "The Kidnapping of the President". He was nominated in 1996 for a Genie Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role for his role in "Black List (Liste noire)". He was born in Montreal. +Pallascio died on July 5, 2020 from cancer in Montreal, aged 82. + += = = John Kerry 2004 presidential campaign = = = +The 2004 presidential campaign of John Kerry, the long-time U.S. Senator from Massachusetts who would eventually become the 68th U.S. Secretary of State eight years later, began when he formed an exploratory committee on December 1, 2002. +On September 2, 2003, he formally announced his candidacy for Democratic Party nomination. +After beating running mate John Edwards, Howard Dean, Wesley Clark, and other candidates in the primaries, he became the Democratic nominee, with his challenger being Republican incumbent President George W. Bush in the 2004 presidential election. +Kerry lost the general election to Bush. + += = = Al Gore 2000 presidential campaign = = = +The 2000 presidential campaign of Al Gore, the 45th Vice President of the United States under President Bill Clinton, began when he announced his candidacy for the presidency of the United States in Carthage, Tennessee, on June 16, 1999. +Gore became the Democratic nominee for the 2000 presidential election on August 17, 2000. +On November 7, 2000, showed that Gore's opponent, then-Governor of Texas George W. Bush, the Republican candidate, had narrowly won the election. +Gore won the national popular vote but lost the electoral college vote after a bitter legal battle over disputed vote counts in the state of Florida. +Bush won the election on the electoral college vote of 271 to 266. One elector pledged to Gore did not cast an electoral vote; Gore received 267 pledged electors. +The election was one of the most controversial in American history. + += = = Litoria singadanae = = = +Litoria singadanae is a frog from Papua New Guinea. As of 2007, scientists had only found it in one place. It lives in Western Australia and the Northern Territory. +The scientists found two male adults, 29.0 mm and 29.1 mm long from nose to rear end and one female is 34.6 mm long. It is green in color. It is different from other frogs because its tympanum, or eardrum, is clear. Scientists have found this frog 1200 metres above sea level on the Huon Peninsula. + += = = George W. Bush 2000 presidential campaign = = = +The 2000 presidential campaign of George W. Bush, the 46th Governor of Texas, was formally launched on June 14, 1999 as Governor Bush, the eldest son of former President George H.W. Bush announced his plans to seek the Republican Party nomination for the presidency of the United States in the 2000 presidential election. +Bush began the campaign as the front runner among Republicans because many people knew his name, high funds, and control of the governorship of Texas and polls starting in 1997 showed Bush leading every opponent by double digits. +The main challenger to Bush was Senator John McCain, who appealed to moderate Republicans. +Bush won the majority of the primaries and after the March 2000 Super Tuesday contests he was well ahead in delegates of both McCain and Alan Keyes. On August 3, 2000 Bush won the Republican nomination at the Republican Convention with the support of 2,058 delegates. Dick Cheney, the former U.S. Secretary of Defense, was nominated as vice president despite Cheney recommending former Missouri Senator John Danforth. +Throughout the majority of the primary and general campaign seasons Bush was leading Gore in the polls. On November 7, 2000, it was projected that Bush had won in Florida and its 25 electoral votes. +Gore won the national popular vote but the Gore campaign lost the electoral college vote after a legal battle over disputed vote counts. Bush won the election on the electoral college vote of 271 to 266. + += = = Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign = = = +The 2012 reelection campaign of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, was formally announced on April 4, 2011. Along with his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden. +Barack Obama ran in the general election against former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, along with many minor candidates from other parties. The election took place on Tuesday, November 6, 2012. +Obama's campaign headquarters was in Chicago and key members of his successful campaign in 2008, such as Jim Messina and David Axelrod, returned to staff it. +On the day of the announcement, the campaign released a promotional video showing supporters of Obama organizing for the re-election effort. As "The Guardian" newspaper noted, this was the first U.S. presidential reelection campaign to use Facebook and Twitter for promotion. +Between early-2011 and June 30, 2012, the Obama campaign and supporters spent about $400 million, according to the Federal Election Commission. Obama won his reelection bid by a margin of 51.06 to 47.21%. This was the first time since 1944, when President Franklin D. Roosevelt won re-election, that a Democratic president had won by a majority of the electoral votes and over 51% of the popular vote twice. + += = = George H. W. Bush 1988 presidential campaign = = = +The 1988 presidential campaign of George H. W. Bush began on October 13, 1987, when Bush, then the sitting Vice President of the United States, announced he was running for the Republican Party's nomination in the 1988 U.S. presidential election. +Bush won the 1988 election against Democratic nominee Michael Dukakis on November 8, 1988. He was inaugurated as president on January 20, 1989. + += = = Michael Dukakis 1988 presidential campaign = = = +The 1988 presidential campaign of Michael Dukakis began when he announced his candidacy for the Democratic Party's 1988 presidential nomination on March 16, 1987, in a speech in Boston. +After winning the nomination, he became the Democratic Party's nominee at the party's convention in Atlanta, Georgia on July 21, 1988. He lost the 1988 election to his Republican opponent George H. W. Bush, who was the sitting Vice President at the time. +Dukakis won 10 states and the District of Columbia, receiving a total of 111 electoral votes compared to Bush's 426 (Dukakis would have received 112, but one faithless elector who was pledged to him voted for Bentsen for president and Dukakis for vice president instead out of protest). Dukakis received 46% of the popular vote to Bush's 54%. +Many commentators blamed Dukakis' loss on the embarrassing photograph of him in a tank taken on September 13, 1988. Much of the blame was also laid on Dukakis' campaign, which was criticized for being poorly managed despite being well funded. +He would have been the first Greek American President. + += = = Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign = = = +The 1992 presidential campaign of Bill Clinton, then Governor of Arkansas, was announced on October 3, 1991 in Little Rock, Arkansas. +After winning a majority of delegates in the Democratic primaries of 1992, the campaign announced that then-junior Senator from Tennessee, Al Gore, would be Clinton's running mate. +The Clinton-Gore ticket went on to defeat Republican incumbent President George H. W. Bush and Vice President Dan Quayle in the presidential election on November 3, 1992, and took office as the 42nd President and 45th Vice President on January 20, 1993. + += = = Walter Mondale 1984 presidential campaign = = = +The 1984 presidential campaign of Walter Mondale, a former Minnesota senator and Vice President of the United States, began on February 21, 1983, when Mondale announced that he was running for president in a speech at the Minnesota State Capitol. +Mondale won the Democratic Party's presidential nomination after convincing Frank Lautenberg to support him. Lautenberg's vote gave Mondale the 1,967 delegate votes needed to become the Democratic Party's nominee. +Mondale lost the general election, held on November 6, 1984, to incumbent Republican President Ronald Reagan in a landslide. + += = = Antonio Guzmán Fernández = = = +Silvestre Antonio Guzmán Fernández (February 12, 1911 – July 4, 1982), best known as Antonio Guzmán, was a Dominican businessman and a politician. He was the 46th President of the Dominican Republic, from 1978 to 1982. + += = = Jacobo Majluta Azar = = = +Jacobo Majluta Azar (October 9, 1934 – March 2, 1996) was a Dominican politician. He was Vice President of the Dominican Republic during the Antonio Guzmán Fernández presidency between 1978 to 1982. He became President of the Dominican Republic after Guzmán Fernández killed himself in 1982. He was president for a month between July to August 1982. +Majluta Azar died on March 2, 1996 in Tampa, Florida of lung cancer. + += = = Luis Abinader = = = +Luis Rodolfo Abinader Corona (born 12 July 1967) is a Dominican economist and politician. In 2020, he was elected President of the Dominican Republic. He was the Modern Revolutionary Party candidate for President of the Dominican Republic in the 2016 and 2020 general elections. + += = = Sybil Wettasinghe = = = +Kala Keerthi Sybil Wettasinghe () (31 October 1927 – 1 July 2020) was a Sri Lankan children's book writer and an illustrator. Wettasinghe wrote more than 200 children's books which have been translated into several languages. Two of her best known works are "Child In Me" and "Eternally Yours". She was born in Galle, Sri Lanka. +Wettasinghe died at a hospital in Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, Sri Lanka on 1 July 2020 from heart failure, aged 92. + += = = Alberto Bachelet = = = +Alberto Arturo Miguel Bachelet Martínez (; 27 April 1923 – 13 March 1974) was a Chilean Brigadier General of the Chilean Air Force. +He was against the 1973 coup of General Augusto Pinochet, and was imprisoned and tortured for several months until his death in 1974 of a heart attack while in prison. +His daughter Michelle Bachelet has been twice elected President of Chile. + += = = 2020 Kyushu floods = = = +Record breaking heavy rain hit the prefectures of Kumamoto and Kagoshima in the southern Japanese island of Kyūshū on 4 July 2020. As a result of flooding and landslides, 49 people were confirmed dead. Fourteen of the victims were the residents of an old age home in Kuma, Kumamoto that was flooded. + += = = 2020 Russian constitutional referendum = = = +A referendum to reform the Constitution of Russia was held from 25 June to 1 July 2020. President Vladimir Putin proposed the referendum during his address to the Federal Assembly on 15 January 2020. +The referendum is legally referred to as an "All-Russian vote" (), for it is not held in accordance with the Federal Constitutional Law on the Referendum. +The amendments include sweeping changes to the constitution, including allowing Putin to run again for two more six-year presidential terms. +Originally scheduled for 22 April, the vote was postponed to a later date due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia. It had been noted that the initial vote date coincided with the 150th anniversary of Vladimir Lenin's birth. +According to official results, 79% of voters supported the changes to the constitution. There have been allegations and reports of irregularities. + += = = Iqbal Theba = = = +Iqbal Theba (pronounced ; born December 20, 1963) is a Pakistani-American actor. Theba is known for his role as Principal Figgins in the musical show "Glee". + += = = The Boy with Green Hair = = = +The Boy with Green Hair is a 1948 American family drama movie directed by first time director Joseph Losey and based on the 1946 short story of the same name by Betsy Beaton. It stars Pat O'Brien, Robert Ryan, Dean Stockwell, Barbara Hale, Walter Catlett, Teddy Infuhr and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. + += = = Ah, Wilderness! = = = +Ah, Wilderness! is a 1935 American comedy drama movie directed by Clarence Brown and is based on the 1933 play of the same name by Eugene O'Neill. It stars Wallace Beery, Lionel Barrymore, Mickey Rooney, Cecilia Parker, Eric Linden, Aline MacMahon, Spring Byington and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. + += = = Countdown (1968 movie) = = = +Countdown is a 1968 American science fiction movie directed by Robert Altman and based on the 1964 novel "The Pilgrim Project" by Hank Searls. It stars Robert Duvall, James Caan, Joanna Moore, Michael Murphy, Ted Knight, Barbara Baxley, Steve Ihnat and was distributed by Warner Bros. + += = = Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury = = = +Dr. Shirin Sharmin Chowdhury. (Born: 7 October 1966) is a Bangladeshi politician. She was elected as the first woman speaker in the history of Bangladesh, including the Speaker of the Ninth National Assembly, on April 30, 2013. At the age of 46, she replaced former Speaker and current President Advocate Abdul Hamid as the youngest Speaker. She was the Minister of State. She was elected as a Member of Parliament in the Eleventh Parliamentary Election held on 30 December 2018 and re-elected as the Speaker of the National Parliament on 3 January 2019. +Career. +After passing LLM, she joined Bangladesh Bar Council in 1992 as a registered lawyer. She has 15 years of experience working as an Advocate in the Supreme Court of Bangladesh. She is a member of the Central Committee of the Bangladesh Awami League as well as the Chairperson of the CPA Executive Committee. She has worked tirelessly to get the Amki Mahila Alim Madrasa enrolled in the MPO and has provided financial and governmental support to this women's educational institution. As a result, thousands of female students in the area are still getting the opportunity to get education from this madrasa. + += = = Poor Butterfly = = = +Poor Butterfly () is a 1986 Argentine drama movie directed by Raúl de la Torre and starring Graciela Borges, Lautaro Murúa, Pepe Soriano, Víctor Laplace, Bibi Andersson, Duilio Marzio, Cipe Lincovsky. + += = = Gambit (movie) = = = +Gambit is a 1966 American comedy thriller movie directed by Ronald Neame and starring Michael Caine, Shirley MacLaine, Herbert Lom, Roger C. Carmel, Arnold Moss. It was distributed by Universal Pictures and was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1967. It was remade in 2012. + += = = Rosario Bléfari = = = +Rosario Bléfari (24 December 1965 – 6 July 2020) was an Argentine rock singer-songwriter and actress. She was born in Mar del Plata, Argentina. Her music career began in 1989 when she released her debut single "Para amarte". As an actress, she appeared in "Poor Butterfly" (1986), "I, the Worst of All" (1990) and in "Rapado" (1992). +Bléfari died on 6 July 2020 from leukaemia-related problems at a hospital in Santa Rosa, Argentina at the age of 54. + += = = Windom's Way = = = +Windom's Way is a 1957 British thriller movie directed by Ronald Neame and based on the 1952 novel of the same name by James Ramsey Ullman. It stars Peter Finch, Mary Ure, Natasha Parry, Robert Flemyng, Michael Hordern, Olaf Pooley, Burt Kwouk and was distributed by Rank Organisation. + += = = Santa Rosa, La Pampa = = = +Santa Rosa () is a city in the Argentine Pampas, and the capital city of La Pampa Province, Argentina. + += = = Sean Duffy = = = +Sean Patrick Duffy (born October 3, 1971) is an American politician, prosecutor, former sports commentator, and personality. He is a CNN contributor. +He was a cast member on ', 1998's ', and 2002's "", before going on to serve as district attorney of Ashland County, Wisconsin. +He was the U.S. Representative for . He is a member of the Republican Party and supported Donald Trump's 2016 presidential bid. +Duffy resigned from Congress effective September 23, 2019. + += = = Ashland, Wisconsin = = = +Ashland is a city in Ashland and Bayfield counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is the county seat of Ashland County. The city is a port on Lake Superior. + += = = Washburn, Wisconsin = = = +Washburn is a city in Bayfield County, in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 2,051 at the 2020 census. + += = = Kweisi Mfume = = = +Kweisi Mfume ( ; born Frizzell Gerald Gray; October 24, 1948) is an American politician. He has been the U.S. Representative for Maryland's 7th congressional district from 1987 to 1996 and was elected again in May 2020. +He is also the former president and CEO of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). +In 2006, he ran for the U.S. Senate seat, but lost the Democratic nomination to Ben Cardin. +In 2020, Mfume was elected to again fill his former House seat, after the death of Elijah Cummings. + += = = Twitch (service) = = = +Twitch is a video live streaming service operated by Twitch Interactive. It is a a subsidiary of Amazon. It was created in June 2011 as a spin-off of the general-interest streaming platform, Justin.tv. +It focuses on video game live streaming, including broadcasts of esports competitions. It also has music broadcasts, creative content, and more recently, "in real life" streams. + += = = Reckful = = = +Byron Bernstein (May 8, 1989 – July 2, 2020), better known by his online alias Reckful, was an Israeli-American Twitch streamer and former professional Esports player. +In May 2018, he began releasing a podcast called "Tea Time with Byron". +Before his death, he had been working with his community to create a video game called "Everland". Bernstein was best known in the gaming community for his achievements in "World of Warcraft" and "Asheron's Call". +Bernstein committed suicide in Austin, Texas on July 2, 2020 at the age of 31. + += = = Telugu wedding ceremony = = = +The Telugu Hindu wedding ceremony is the traditional wedding ceremony of the Telugu people in India.The cenermony can last several days. In the 19th century, some ceremonies lasted up to sixteen days. Modern ceremonies can still last two days or more. The caste of the bride and the groom are important for the ceremony. The "pendli" or wedding is considered the strongest of social bonds. It is said to spiritually merge two souls opening the doors to "gruhastaashramam" (household life). + += = = Mark Naley = = = +Mark Naley (11 March 1961 – 6 July 2020) was an Australian rules footballer. He played with Carlton Football Club in the VFL/AFL and South Adelaide in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). He was born in Adelaide, South Australia. His career lasted from 1980 to 1993. +Naley died from brain cancer on 6 July 2020, aged 59. + += = = Layla Moran = = = +Layla Michelle Moran (born 12 September 1982) is a British Liberal Democrat politician. She has been the Member of Parliament for Oxford West and Abingdon since 2017. +She has been the Liberal Democrat spokesperson for education since 2017, and was spokesperson for digital, culture, media and sport from 2019 to 2020. She is Britain's first openly pansexual Member of Parliament. +In March 2020, she announced her candidacy for the leadership post for the Liberal Democrats. She ran against Ed Davey. She lost the leadership election, coming second place. + += = = Raja Krishnamoorthi = = = +Subramanian Raja Krishnamoorthi ( born July 19, 1973) is an Indian-born American businessman and politician. He is the U.S. Representative for since 2017. +He was elected to replace Tammy Duckworth, who gave up the seat to successfully run for the U.S. Senate. Krishnamoorthi is a member of the Democratic Party. + += = = Litoria spartacus = = = +Litoria spartacus is a frog from Papua New Guinea. +The male adult frog is 35.8 to 37.3 mm long from nose to rear end and the female is 51.1 mm long. The male has vocal slits. The frog has bright yellow colouring on its legs. This frog is yellow-green on the back and lighter on the belly. It has white marks under its eyes. + += = = Scilab = = = +Scilab is an open source MATLAB-like programming language for numerical analysis. It is used in many countries including non-English regions. +Syntax. +Scilab syntax is largely based on the MATLAB language. The simplest way to use Scilab codes is to type it in at the prompt, codice_1, in the graphical command window. +Hello World! in Scilab: +disp('Hello World'); +Toolboxes. +Scilab has many toolboxes for different tasks, such as +More are available on ATOMS Portal or the Scilab forge. +Differences between GNU Octave. +GNU Octave is also a MATLAB-like language. But it was made by different technical viewpoints. +Usage. +The original purpose of Scilab was numerical analysis (such as numerical methods for ordinary differential equations). Today, it is also used in scientific education and optimization. + += = = GitHub = = = +GitHub is an online software development assistance and version control service. This platform uses Git. It is operated by GitHub, Inc. based in the United States. +In January 2020, GitHub reported that they have more than 40 million users and more than 100 million repositories (including at least 28 million public repositories). Therefore, it is recognized as the largest host of source code in the world. +Organizational users. +Currently, there are many individual GitHub users. On the other hand, there are also organizational users such as educational institutions and companies. The following companies are using GitHub to distribute open source projects: +Desktop version. +GitHub was made for users who want to save their programs on their web browsers. But there is also a desktop version known as GitHub Desktop. +GitHub Pages. +All GitHub users can create websites with the github.io domain. This service is known as GitHub Pages. The development history of the HTML code will be recorded with Git. +Similar services. +Today, there are several GitHub like services for developers. Some of them use Git but have different interface with unique web-design. One of the most famous GitHub rival is GitLab. This is also based on Git. Users can export their programs on GitHub to GitLab. + += = = Husband and Lovers = = = +La villa del venerdì (internationally released as Husband and Lovers) is a 1991 Italian erotic drama movie directed by Mauro Bolognini and starring Julian Sands, Joanna Pacula, Tchéky Karyo, Lara Wendel, Jeanne Valérie. + += = = Young Husbands = = = +Young Husbands () is a 1958 Italian French comedy movie directed by Mauro Bolognini and starring Isabelle Corey, Antonio Cifariello, Roberto Chevalier, Guido Celano. + += = = Telecom Business School = = = +Institut Mines-Télécom Business School is a European higher studies establishment. The school is in 3 places. It is in Paris, Évry-Courcouronnes and Évry. It was established in 1979. +IMT BS specialises in the fields of economics, social sciences and management. + += = = Lamborghini Espada = = = +The Lamborghini Espada is a station wagon made by Lamborghini. It was made from 1968 to 1978. There were three generations of the Espada. These generations were known as Series I, Series II, and Series III. +History. +The Lamborghini Espada was designed by Marcello Gandini in 1967. +The Espada is a four-seater grand-touring car. It was initially sold at the same time as the Islero and the mid-engine Miura. The Espada and the Islero both replaced the 400 GT. +Three different series of the Espada were made. These were the S1 (1968–1970), the S2 (1970–1972) and the S3 (1972–1978). Each series was an update from the last, with changes such as more horsepower and a redesigned interior. Overall, 1,217 Espadas were made. +Series I. +The Espada was launched at the 1968 Geneva Motor Show, alongside the Islero. The Espada was equipped with a Lamborghini V12 engine, which was based off the one used in the 400 GT 2+2. The engine was rated at in the series I cars. 186 Series I Espadas were made before January 1970. +Series II. +At the 1970 Brussels Motor Show, Lamborghini revealed the Series II version of the Espada. The power output of the Espada increased to due to a higher 10.7:1 compression ratio. The brakes were changed to vented Girling discs instead of solid discs. CV joints were now used on the rear half-shafts. Lamborghini made 575 of the Series II Espadas, which was the most of any series of Espada. +Series III. +The Series III Espada was launched in 1972. It was fitted with wider Pirelli Cinturato 215/70WR15 CN12 tyres. The front grille now had a square instead of hexagonal mesh. A sunroof was also made an option for the Series III. +The engine was carried over from the Series II Espada. Power steering by ZF and air conditioning were now standard. In 1974, a Chrysler Torqueflite 3 speed automatic transmission became available as an option. +From 1975, large impact bumpers had to be installed to meet United States safety requirements. Other changes had to be made for the car to meet US laws. Some people consider these later US-spec cars to be a separate fourth series of the Espada. +Engine and transmission. +The Espada used an updated version of the 400 GT’s 4.0 liter V12 engine. The engine produced horsepower in the Series I Espada, and in the Series II and III Espadas. The engine was paired to a five-speed manual transmission, with a three-speed Chrysler-built automatic transmission as an option for the Series III Espada. + += = = Chattering rock frog = = = +The chattering rock frog ("Litoria staccato") is a small frog from Australia. It lives in Western Australia. +This frog can grow to 3.5 cm long from nose to rear end. This frog can be dark red, light brown or gray in colour. It has some stripes on its head and body and some webbing on its feet. +They lay eggs in the rocky streams and other rocky bodies of water. The eggs sink to the bottom. The tadpoles swim to the top and stay near the surface. They take two months to become frogs. +Scientists think this frog is related to "L. coplandi". People tell them apart because their voices sound different. + += = = Dade County = = = +Dade County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Ohio County = = = +Ohio County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Forest County = = = +Forest County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Greenwood County = = = +Greenwood County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Hickman County = = = +Hickman County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Hopkins County = = = +Hopkins County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Howard County = = = +Howard County is the name of seven counties in the United States: + += = = Humphreys County = = = +Humphreys County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Serial comma = = = +The serial comma or Oxford comma is a comma used directly after the second-to-last item in a list of three or more items. For example, a list of three people may be shown as "Alice, Bob, and Charlie" (with the comma) or "Alice, Bob and Charlie" (without the comma). +Some style guides prefer using the comma, while others advise against it. It may sometimes be useful to add the comma to avoid confusion. For example, a sentence such as "Please bring Marcus, a musician and a skater to the dinner event today" may confuse anyone reading that sentence. Without the Oxford comma, they might think that Marcus is a musician and a skater, so they would need to bring Marcus instead of three people to that dinner event today. +When following a style guide that opposes the comma, one can rearrange the terms to avoid confusion. For example, saying "a musician, a skater and Marcus" does not change the intended meaning, but it avoids the confusion. + += = = Music in Darkness = = = +Music in Darkness (), known in the United States as Night Is My Future, is a 1948 Swedish drama movie directed by Ingmar Bergman. It stars Mai Zetterling and Birger Malmsten. + += = = Autumn Sonata = = = +Autumn Sonata (, ) is a 1978 Swedish West German drama movie directed by Ingmar Bergman. Starring Ingrid Bergman in her final movie role, Liv Ullmann, Lena Nyman, Halvar Björk, Marianne Aminoff, Arne Bang-Hansen, Gunnar Björnstrand, Erland Josephson, Georg Løkkeberg, Mimi Pollak, Linn Ullmann. It was distributed by Constantin Film. + += = = Barima-Waini = = = +Barima-Waini (Region 1) is a region of Esequiban Guyana, a territory in dispute by Guyana and Venezuela. Venezuela claims the territory as part of Delta Amacuro state. It is named after two rivers that flow through the region: the Barima River and the Waini River. The regional capital is Mabaruma. +The region is in the northwest of the country. It has an area of 20,339 km2. As of the 2012 census, 26,941 people lived there. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Pomeroon-Supenaam to the east, the region of Cuyuni-Mazaruni to the south and Venezuela to the west. + += = = Pomeroon-Supenaam = = = +Pomeroon-Supenaam (Region 2) is a region of Esequiban Guyana, a territory in dispute by Guyana and Venezuela. Venezuela claims the territory as part of Delta Amacuro state. The regional capital is Anna Regina. +The region is in the north of the country. It has an area of 6,195 km2. As of the 2012 census, 46,810 people lived there. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Essequibo Islands-West Demerara to the east, the region of Cuyuni-Mazaruni to the south and the region of Barima-Waini to the west. +Other towns include: Charity, Pickersgill, Spring Garden and Suddie. + += = = Session (computer science) = = = +In computer science, a session is a short trade of information between two or more devices, or between a computer and a person. + += = = Essequibo Islands-West Demerara = = = +Essequibo Islands-West Demerara (Region 3) is a partial region of Esequiban Guyana, a territory in dispute by Guyana and Venezuela. It is split in two by the Essequibo River, Venezuela claims the territory to the west of Essequibo river as part of Delta Amacuro state. The regional capital is Vreed en Hoop. +The region is in the north of the country. It has an area of 3,755 km2. As of the 2012 census, 107,416 people lived there. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Demerara-Mahaica and Demerara River to the east, the region of Upper Demerara-Berbice to the south and the region of Pomeroon-Supenaam to the west. + += = = Demerara-Mahaica = = = +Demerara-Mahaica (Region 4) is a region in the north of Guyana. The regional capital is Georgetown, which is also the national capital. +The region has an area of 2,232 km2. As of the 2012 census, 313,429 people lived there. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Mahaica-Berbice to the east, the region of Upper Demerara-Berbice to the south and the region of Essequibo Islands-West Demerara to the west. + += = = Hutchinson County = = = +Hutchinson County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Iron County = = = +Iron County is the name of four counties in the United States: + += = = All Night Nippon = = = + (a.k.a. "All Night" and "ANN") is a Japanese radio program broadcast by Nippon Broadcasting System +Popular culture. +In 1986, Nintendo made "All Night Nippon Super Mario Bros.", a special Family Computer Disk System version of "Super Mario Bros.", as a contest prize for listeners. The game mostly had levels from the first "Super Mario Bros.", though it also had some levels, graphics, and other changes from the Japanese "". Some enemies, characters, and level elements had their graphics changed to be like people or symbols from "All Night Nippon" or the Nippon Broadcasting System. + += = = Carnesville, Georgia = = = +Carnesville is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the county seat of Franklin County. + += = = Meigs County = = = +Meigs County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Cargo (2009 movie) = = = +Cargo is a 2009 Swiss science fiction movie directed by Ivan Engler and Ralph Etter. It stars Anna-Katharina Schwabroh, Martin Rapold, Michael Finger, Claude-Oliver Rudolph, Yangzom Brauen, Pierre Semmler, Regula Grauwiller and Gilles Tschudi. + += = = Telugu people = = = +The Telugu people are an ethnic group in India, who speak Telugu as their first language. They come from the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. There is also a large Telugu population in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Odisha, Chhattisgarh and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The Telugu language is the third-most spoken native language in India and the fourth most in the Indian subcontinent, following Hindi, Bengali and Marathi. + += = = Cedar Hill, Missouri = = = +Cedar Hill is a census-designated place (CDP) in Jefferson County, Missouri, United States. In 2020, 1,875 people lived there. + += = = Potsdam Township, Dickey County, North Dakota = = = +Potsdam is a township in North Dakota. +Transport. +Road. +Highway 281 passes through Potsdam. + += = = Leta Hong Fincher = = = +Leta Hong Fincher is an American journalist and writer. Her books have been reviewed by several major publications including "The Guardian" and the "Washington Post." +She graduated from Tsing Hua University. She was an Associate Research Scholar, at Columbia University. + += = = Contagem = = = +Contagem is a city in the state of Minas Gerais, in Brazil. It has 663,855 inhabitants and an area of 195,045 km2. + += = = Monroe County, West Virginia = = = +Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 12,376 people lived there. Its county seat is Union. + += = = Melo, Uruguay = = = +Melo is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Cerro Largo Department. + += = = Rivera = = = +Rivera is the capital of the Rivera Department in Uruguay. It has about 64,400 people and is the sixth largest city by population in Uruguay. + += = = Aurora, Texas = = = +Aurora is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = St. Joseph County = = = +St. Joseph County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Miriam Pawel = = = +Miriam Pawel is an American journalist and writer. She is a contributing opinion editor at the "New York Times." Her books have been reviewed by several major publications including the "Los Angeles Review of Book" and the "New York Times." + += = = A Free Soul = = = +A Free Soul is a 1931 American drama movie directed by Clarence Brown and based on the 1927 novel of the same name by Adela Rogers St. Johns. It stars Lionel Barrymore, Norma Shearer, Leslie Howard, Clark Gable, Lucy Beaumont and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for 3 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1931. + += = = John Anderson (Australian politician) = = = +John Duncan Anderson (born 14 November 1956) is an Australian politician. He was the Deputy Prime Minister of Australia and leader of the National Party from 1999 to 2005. He was a member of the House of Representatives from 1989 to 2007. He also served as Minister for Primary Industries and Energy (1996–1998) and Minister for Transport and Regional Development (1998–2005) in the Howard Government. +Anderson was born in Sydney, New South Wales. He is married to Julia Robertson. The couple have five children. + += = = Bensalem Township, Pennsylvania = = = +Bensalem Township is a township in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States and borders the northeast section of Philadelphia. + += = = Joe Porcaro = = = +Joe Porcaro (April 29, 1930 – July 6, 2020) was an American jazz drummer. He was born in Hartford, Connecticut. He was known for performing with Toto. Porcaro led a jazz group with Emil Richards. He was one of the founders of the Los Angeles College of Music. He performed movie scores with James Newton Howard, John Williams, Jerry Goldsmith, James Horner and Danny Elfman. +Porcaro died on July 6, 2020 in Los Angeles, aged 90. + += = = Dannes Coronel = = = +Dannes Arcenio Coronel Campoverde (May 24, 1973 – July 7, 2020) was an Ecuadorian football defender. He was born in the Guayas Province, Ecuador. Coronel made 27 appearances for the Ecuador national team between 1992 and 2000. He also played for Emelec, El Nacional +and Barcelona. +Coronel died of a heart attack on July 7, 2020 in the Guayas Province, aged 47. + += = = Leland, North Carolina = = = +Leland is a town in Brunswick County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 22,908 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Myrtle Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area. + += = = Bolivia, North Carolina = = = +Bolivia is a town in Brunswick County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 149 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Brunswick County. + += = = Brock Pierce = = = +Brock Pierce (born November 14, 1980) is an American businessman and former child actor. He is known for his work in the cryptocurrency industry. As a child actor, he was in Disney movies "The Mighty Ducks" (1992), "" (1994), and "First Kid" (1996). +In 2000, he was accused of sexual abuse by three women. +In July 2020, Pierce announced his candidacy for President of the United States as an Independent candidate for the 2020 election. + += = = Burmese alphabet = = = +The Burmese alphabet is an alphabet that is used to write some languages, including the Burmese language. It is also used to write down the religious languages of Sanskrit and Pali. It is very different from the ABCs. It is known for having a lot of round letters that look like circles. +Some people in Burma use the Burmese alphabet to write their own languages, but add extra letters to represent the sounds unique to their own languages. +Burmese is written from left to right. +History. +Monks would write on palm leaves. They had to make the letters round because straight lines would split the leaf and ruin it. Eventually, these round letters became the Burmese alphabet as we know it today. +Letters. +The Burmese alphabet has 33 basic consonants. Extra marks are added to indicate vowels and tones. +Consonants. +There are 33 consonants in the Burmese alphabet. When they are alone, they have an "ah" sound, although people use the "uh" sound when another syllable follows it. +The Burmese alphabet is not organized the same way as the ABCs. Instead, consonants are organized by the parts of the mouth they are made in. For example, the first row of consonants are all sounds that are made when the tongue is against the back of the mouth. +Some letters are written different in different cases to avoid confusion with other letters. For example, � + � is written as �� (wah) to avoid confusion with � (t). +There are letters that are used in words from Pali. They are: � (gh), � (jh), � (ṭ), � (ṭh), � (ḍ), � (ḍh), � (ṇ), � (dh), and � (ḷ). +Two letters, � ("ś") and � ("ṣ"), are only used in words that are from Sanskrit. They are pronounced the same as �. +To make more consonants, special marks are written around or below consonants. These marks are: �, �, �, and �. They change the consonant sound. For example, � makes a y sound (like you) but � + � makes �� which makes a sh sound (like shoe). There are rules about which consonants can be changed this way. +Vowels. +Every letter has a "ah" sound when it's alone. For example, � is pronounced as "kah." When a lone letter is followed by another syllable, it is pronounced with a "uh" sound. +Special marks are written around the letters to show other vowels. +Tones. +Burmese is a tonal language. That means that the meaning of a word can change by how fast or slow someone let air out of their throats. In written Burmese, tones are indicated by special marks. +These marks are � (high tone) and � (creaky tone, but can only be used when an ending consonants is written down too). +Syllable rhymes. +Burmese words cannot end in a consonant sound. For example, "cat" would not be a word in Burmese because it has a "t" sound at the end. However, words are written with consonants to indicate special vowel sounds that are allowed at the end of Burmese words. These consonants have a special mark on them (�) called asat. When these consonants are combined with the vowels that are already written, they are called syllable rhymes. +Some of these special consonants indicate that the word needs to end with a puff of air, like in "uh-oh" between the uh and the oh. They are: ��, ��, ��, ��. +Other special sounds indicate that the vowels is nasal. Nasal vowels are not found in English, but are found in other languages like French and Portuguese. They are: ��, �� ��, ��, ��. +Stacking consonants. +In Burmese writing, consonants can be written on top of each other. There are very specific rules on which consonants can be stacked on top of which. +၁ is 1 +၂ is 2 +၃ is 3 +၄ is 4 +၅ is 5 +၆ is 6 +၇ is 7 +၈ is 8 +၉ is 9 +၁၀ is 10 + += = = Josh Henderson = = = +Joshua Baret Henderson (born October 25, 1981) is an American actor, model and singer. He is best known for his roles as John Ross Ewing III in the TNT revival of "Dallas" (2012–2014) and Austin McCann on the ABC television series "Desperate Housewives" (2006–2007). + += = = Bruce Millan = = = +Bruce Millan (5 October 1927 – 21 February 2013) was a British Labour politician who served as a European Commissioner from 1989 to 1995. +Early life. +He was born in Dundee and educated at the Harris Academy in that city. +Parliamentary career. +Millan unsuccessfully contested West Renfrewshire in 1951 and Glasgow Craigton in the 1955 general election. +He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for Glasgow Craigton at the 1959 general election and served for that seat, and after its abolition in 1983 for Glasgow Govan, until 1988. He served in the Wilson government of 1964–1970 as Under-Secretary of State for the Air Force from 1964 to 1966, as Under-Secretary of State for Scotland from 1966 to 1970, and in the Callaghan government of 1976–1979 as Secretary of State for Scotland; he subsequently served as Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland under new leader Michael Foot. +After Parliament. +In 1988 he left Parliament, by applying for the Chiltern Hundreds, to take up the post of European Commissioner for Regional Policy and Cohesion which he held until 1995. The vacancy he left was filled by Jim Sillars of the Scottish National Party (SNP) in the notable Glasgow Govan by-election of 1988. +Millan received an Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1991. +In 1999–2001 he chaired the Millan Committee which proposed reforms to the provision of mental healthcare in Scotland. + += = = Meryl Gordon = = = +Meryl Gordon is an American writer. Her books have been reviewed by several major publications including the "Washington Post" and the "New York Times". +She teaches at New York University. +Her work appeared in "Vanity Fair" and "Town & Country". + += = = Baliem River Valley tree frog = = = +The Baliem River Valley tree frog ("Litoria umbonata") is a frog from New Guinea. +The male adult frog is 28.5 to 35.7 mm long from nose to rear end and the female is 3.1 to 4.2 cm long. It has some webbing on its front feet and more webbing on its hind feet. It has teeth on its upper jaw. It is creamy or brown in color. + += = = Jabal al-Zeit wind farm = = = +The wind farm of Jabal Al-Zait is a power plant which produces electricity by wind energy. The wind farm is located in Jabal al-Zeit after Ras Gharib in the Red Sea Governorate. The plant area is 100 square kilometres, with 300 wind turbines. The construction project of the plant started in 2015. The cost of the Jabal Al-Zayt farm reached about 12 billion Egyptian pounds. The farm was established with the objectives of increasing the amount of clean energy in the Egyptian national network and reducing the consumption of fossil fuels. The European Union has provided a 30 million Euro grant to the project which costs a total of 340 million Euros. Several European donors, including the , have also contributed to this ambitious project on the shores of the Red Sea, with the aim of generating clean energy. In total, the Gabal El-Zayt project generates 580 MW, each turbine producing 2000 kilos of electricity, compared to 850 kilos per turbine at Zaafarana. Each turbine is cleaned every two years and undergoes maintenance every six months. + += = = Roosevelt Island station = = = +Roosevelt Island is a station on the IND 63rd Street Line of the New York City Subway. Located in Manhattan on Roosevelt Island in the East River, it is served by the F trains at all times and the <F> trains during rush hours in the peak direction. After this station, the next stations will be Lexington Avenue 63rd Street and 21st Street Queensbridge. +This station is for F trains. +There are two two tunnels. +There is one tunnel to Queens and another one to Manhattan. +But sometimes, E trains and other trains enter this station via 6th Avenue to World Trade Center or Jamaica Center or other stations. + += = = Paul Seban = = = +Paul Seban (21 October 1929 – 1 July 2020) was an Algerian-born French movie director and journalist. He was born in Sidi Bel Abbès, French Algeria. He wrote articles for "Positif" and "Ligue de l'enseignement". He was known for directing "La Musica" and "French Cancan". +Seban died on 1 July 2020 in Paris, aged 90. + += = = Bill Barlow = = = +William Walter Barlow (February 20, 1931 – July 5, 2020) was a Canadian politician and businessman. He was in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1981 to 1987. He was a member of the Progressive Conservative Party. Barlow was born in Cambridge, Ontario. +Barlow died at home in Cambridge on July 5, 2020 at the age of 89. + += = = Cambridge, Ontario = = = +Cambridge is a city in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. It is located at the confluence of the Grand and Speed rivers. The city had a population of 129,920 as of the 2016 census. + += = = Mary Kay Letourneau = = = +Mary Katherine Schmitz (formerly Letourneau; January 30, 1962 – July 6, 2020) was an American schoolteacher. She pleaded guilty in 1997 to two counts of felony second-degree rape of a child. The victim was Vili Fualaau, who was 12 or 13 at the time and had been her sixth-grade student. She was born in Tustin, California. +While awaiting sentencing, she gave birth to Fualaau's child. With the state seeking a six-and-a-half year prison sentence, she reached a plea agreement calling for six months in jail, with three months suspended, and no contact with Fualaau for life among other terms. +Shortly after spending three months in jail, the police caught Letourneau in a car with Fualaau. She was later given a prison sentence for the maximum allowed by law of seven-and-a-half years. Eight months after returning to prison, she gave birth to Fualaau's second child, another daughter. She was imprisoned from 1998 to 2004. +Letourneau and Fualaau began a 14-year marriage in May 2005. They divorced in 2019. +Letourneau died of colon cancer on July 6, 2020 at the age of 58. + += = = Tustin, California = = = +Tustin is a city in Orange County, California, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. As of 2020, Tustin had a population of 80,276. The city is located next to the county seat, Santa Ana. + += = = North Tustin, California = = = +North Tustin is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Orange County, California. The population was 25,718 at the 2020 census. + += = = Fulton, California = = = +Fulton is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sonoma County, California, United States. Fulton is just to the north of the city limits of Santa Rosa, and north-northeast of Sebastopol. The population as of the 2020 U.S. Census was 551. + += = = Renée Elise Goldsberry = = = +Renée Elise Goldsberry (born January 2, 1971) is an American actress and singer-songwriter. She is known for playing the role of Angelica Schuyler in the Broadway musical ‘’Hamilton‘’, for which she won the 2016 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical. +She currently portrays Wickie, a member of the titular pop group in the Peacock series Girls5eva. + += = = Daveed Diggs = = = +Daveed Daniele Diggs (born January 24, 1982) is an American actor, rapper and hip hop singer-songwriter. He is the vocalist of the experimental hip hop group Clipping. In 2015, Diggs was the first actor to play the roles of Marquis de Lafayette and Thomas Jefferson in the musical "Hamilton", for which he won both a Grammy Award and Tony Award. + += = = Jasmine Cephas Jones = = = +Jasmine Cephas Jones (born July 21, 1989) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for originating the dual roles of Peggy Schuyler and Maria Reynolds in the 2015 Broadway musical "Hamilton". +On December 24, 2018, Cephas Jones became engaged to "Hamilton" original Broadway cast member Anthony Ramos. + += = = Anthony Ramos = = = +Anthony Ramos Martinez (born November 1, 1991) is an American actor and singer. In 2015, he became known for his the dual roles of John Laurens and Philip Hamilton in the Broadway musical "Hamilton". + += = = Leslie Odom Jr. = = = +Leslie Odom Jr. (, born August 6, 1981) is an American actor and singer. He has performed on Broadway and in television and movie, and has released three solo jazz albums. He is known for the role of Aaron Burr in the Broadway musical "Hamilton". +He won the 2016 Tony Award for Best Actor in a Musical and the Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album. + += = = Mister Cory = = = +Mister Cory is a 1957 American crime drama movie directed by Blake Edwards and starring Tony Curtis, Martha Hyer, Charles Bickford, Kathryn Grant, William Reynolds, Henry Daniell. It was distributed by Universal Pictures. + += = = Jonathan Groff = = = +Jonathan Drew Groff (born March 26, 1985) is an American actor and singer born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. +He is known for playing King George III in the original Broadway production of "Hamilton," Holden Ford in Netflix's "Mindhunter", Kristoff in "Frozen" and "Frozen II", and Jesse St. James in "Glee". He has been nominated for two Tony Awards for "Spring Awakening" and "Hamilton." He won a Grammy award as part of the cast recording album for "Hamilton" and won a Satellite Award in 2017 for "Mindhunter". +He is openly gay. +Discography. +Footnotes + += = = Christopher Jackson (actor) = = = +Christopher Neal Jackson (born September 30, 1975) is an American actor, singer, musician, and composer. He is known for starring in many of Lin-Manuel Miranda musicals such as Benny in "In the Heights" and George Washington in the smash hit "Hamilton". + += = = Bill Ramsey (rugby league) = = = +William "Bill" Ramsey (25 April 1943 – 7 July 2020) was an English professional rugby league footballer. He was born in Leeds, West Yorkshire. +He played in the 1960s and 1970s, and coached in the 1970s. He played at representative level for Great Britain, Yorkshire, and Commonwealth XIII, and at club level for Hunslet, Leeds, Bradford Northern, Hull FC and Widnes. +Ramsey died on 7 July 2020, aged 76. + += = = Chynybaĭ Tursunbekov = = = +Chynybaĭ Tursunbekov (15 October 1960 – 7 July 2020) was a Kyrgyz Social Democratic Party politician. He was a member of the Supreme Council from 2010 until his death. Between 2016 to 2017, he was President of the Supreme Council. He was born in Jalan-Bulak, Kirghiz SSR. +Tursunbekov died on 7 July 2020 from pneumonia caused by COVID-19 in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan at the age of 59. + += = = Spearfishing = = = +Spearfishing is a method of fishing that has been used throughout the world for millennia. Early civilizations were familiar with this method of spearing fish from rivers and streams using sharpened sticks. + += = = Alex Pullin = = = +Alex Pullin (20 September 1987 – 8 July 2020) was an Australian Olympic snowboarder. He was born in Mansfield, Victoria. He competed in the 2010 Winter Olympics, 2014 Winter Olympics and 2018 Winter Olympics. He won the gold medal at the FIS Snowboard World Championships in 2011 and 2013. +Pullin died after drowning in a spearfishing accident on 8 July 2020 on the Gold Coast, Queensland. He was 32. + += = = Ceylon Electricity Board = = = +The Ceylon Electricity Board - CEB , is the largest electricity company in Sri Lanka. With a market share of nearly 100%, it controls all major functions of electricity generation, transmission, distribution and retailing in Sri Lanka. It is one of the only two on-grid electricity companies in the country; the other being Lanka Electricity Company (LECO). The company earned approximately LKR 204.7 billion in 2014, with a total of nearly 5.42 million consumer accounts. +It is a government owned and controlled utility of Sri Lanka that takes care of the general energy facilities of the island. The Ministry of Power and Energy is the responsible ministry above the CEB. Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB), established by an CEB Act No. 17 of 1969, is under legal obligation to develop and maintain an efficient, coordinated and economical system of Electricity supply in accordance with any Licenses issue +Subsidiaries. +CEB has following subsidiaries<ref> + += = = People's Bank (Sri Lanka) = = = +People's Bank is a state-owned commercial bank in Sri Lanka. Established on 1 July 1961, it has its head-offices at Sir Chittampalam A. Gardiner Street in Colombo. The bank offer both retail and corporate banking services, with a network of 739 local branches, service centers and has an asset base of LKR 1.873 trillion (2019) with over 14 million customers. People's Bank received a high national long-Term Rating of AA+ by Fitch Rating. + += = = Ceylon Tobacco Company = = = +Ceylon Tobacco Company PLC (CTC) is a Sri Lankan tobacco company engaged in the manufacture, marketing and export of cigarettes. It is a subsidiary of British American Tobacco. CTC is the second largest company traded on the Colombo Stock Exchange. CTC enjoys a virtual monopoly in the manufacture of cigarettes in the country. Cigarette brands marketed by CTC in Sri Lanka include Bristol, Capstan, Dunhill, John Player Gold Leaf, Lucky Strike, Pall Mall and Three Roses. + += = = List of largest companies in Sri Lanka = = = +This article lists the largest companies in Sri Lanka terms of their revenue, net profit and total assets, according to the American business magazines "Fortune" and "Forbes". +2020 list. +This list is based on the Forbes Global, which ranks the world's largest publicly traded companies. + += = = Languages of Georgia (country) = = = +There are approximately 14 languages spoken in Georgia with Georgian as the most popular language. Other common languages include English, Russian, Assyrian, Svan, and Urum among other languages. Georgian is the official and primary language of Georgia. It is spoken as a first language by over 86% of the population. + += = = Wolfram Research = = = +Wolfram Research is an US-based technology company. It was named after their founder. They are known for creating many computational products that supports scientific researchers. +Notable products. +Wolfram language. +This is a programming language made by Wolfram Research. Most Wolfram products are based on this language. +Wolfram Mathematica. +This is a modern technical computing system made by Wolfram Research. It is used in many scientific areas including numerical analysis and their subfields. Anyone who are interested in Wolfram Mathematica demos can check the Wolfram Demonstrations Project. +Wolfram Alpha. +This service is available on web browsers. Users can use some features of Wolfram Mathematica on the Internet. Wolfram Alpha can also answer to some questions by searching answers on their own databases. It is also used in scientific education. +Wolfram SystemModeler. +This is a technical platform for systems engineering. This is also based on Wolfram technology. +Computable Document Format. +This is an electronic document format. It is designed to allow interactive contents in documents. +ScienceWorld. +This is an online scientific encyclopedia managed by Wolfram Research. +Wolfram Technology Conference. +This is an annual conference about the latest technologies from Wolfram Research. + += = = Kongonaphon = = = +Kongonaphon is an early member of the dinosaur–pterosaur clade Ornithodira. It is a small reptile-type fossil found in the +Middle to Late Triassic of Madagascar. It was probably an insectivore, based on the shape and texture of its teeth. +"Kongonaphon" is notable for its tiny size, even compared to other small early avemetatarsalia. The femur was only about 4 cm (1.6 inches) long, and the total height of the animal was about 10 cm (3.9 inches). +It has long been thought that early members of the group were small. If they were as small as this, then a miniaturization event occurred near the base of the avian stem lineage. Also the small size explains the origin of body covering ("integument", hair on the body of dinosaurs and feathers on birds). Tiny creatures are most vulnerable to changes in external temperature. + += = = National Assembly (Venezuela) = = = +The National Assembly () is the "de jure" legislature for Venezuela that was first elected in 2000. It is a unicameral body made up of many numbers members. Three seats are reserved for representatives of Venezuela's indigenous peoples and elected separately by all citizens, not just those with indigenous backgrounds. +For the 2010-2015 period the number of seats was 165. All deputies serve five-year terms. +The National Assembly meets in the Federal Legislative Palace in Venezuela's capital, Caracas. + += = = Cabimas = = = +Cabimas is a city in northwestern Venezuela. It is on the shore of Maracaibo Lake in Zulia State. In 2005, its population was about 200,859. The city is known for producing much of Venezuela's oil. + += = = Hernán Alemán = = = +Hernán Claret Alemán Pérez (21 May 1955 – 7 July 2020) was a Venezuelan Acción Democrática politician. He was the National Assembly representing the state of Zulia from 2011 until his death. Alemán was Mayor of Cabimas from 1989 to 1996 and again from 2000 to 2008. +Alemán died from COVID-19 in Cabimas on 7 July 2020, aged 65. + += = = Ronald Graham = = = +Ronald Lewis Graham (October 31, 1935 – July 6, 2020) was an American mathematician. He was born in Taft, California. He was known for his important work in scheduling theory, computational geometry, Ramsey theory, and quasi-randomness. He discovered Graham's number. +He was the Chief Scientist at the California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology and the Irwin and Joan Jacobs Professor in Computer Science and Engineering at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). +Graham died on July 6, 2020 in La Jolla, California from a rare form of a chronic pulmonary disease at the age of 84. + += = = UNITA = = = +The National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA, ) is the second-largest political party in Angola. Founded in 1966, UNITA fought alongside the MPLA in the Angolan War of Independence and then against the MPLA in the Angolan Civil War. + += = = Lili Reinhart = = = +Lili Pauline Reinhart (born September 13, 1996) is an American actress. She is known for played Betty Cooper in The CW teen drama series "Riverdale" and Annabelle in the comedy-drama movie "Hustlers" (2019). +Reinhart was born in Cleveland, Ohio. She grew up in the nearby town of Bay Village. She is bisexual. + += = = Cock and ball torture = = = +Cock and ball torture is a sexual activity that is based on causing pain to the male genitals. It is used in BDSM. Cock and ball torture works by constricting or hurting the penis or the scrotum. Methods for cock and ball torture include wax play (dripping low-temperature wax on the body to create a burning sensation), kicking, and mild electric shocks. The person who enjoys having these things done to them may feel physical pleasure from cock and ball torture because of masochism, or emotional pleasure from knowing that the torture gives pleasure to a sadistic partner. Many cock and ball torture activities carry the risk of injury to the person being tortured. + += = = Kokshetau Airport = = = +Kokshetau International Airport , formerly known as Kokchetav Airport or Kokshetau Airport () is an international airport. It is located in Kazakhstan 12.5 km northeast of Kokshetau, near the village of Akkol. + += = = Unlocked (2017 movie) = = = +Unlocked is a 2017 American British French Czech Swiss action thriller movie directed by Michael Apted and starring Noomi Rapace, Orlando Broom, Michael Douglas, John Malkovich, Toni Collette, Tosin Cole, Adelayo Adedayo. It was distributed by Lionsgate. + += = = Matthew Moy = = = +Matthew James Moy (born February 3, 1984) is an American actor and artist. He is known for his role as Han Lee on the CBS sitcom "2 Broke Girls". He was born in San Francisco, California. + += = = Jonathan Kite = = = +Jonathan Kite (born September 2, 1979) is an American actor, comedian and impressionist. He is best known for his role as Oleg Golishevsky on the CBS sitcom "2 Broke Girls". He was born in Skokie, Illinois. + += = = Williamsburg, Brooklyn = = = +Williamsburg is in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. + += = = Big Brother (British series 10) = = = +Big Brother 2009, also known as Big Brother 10, was the tenth series of the British reality television series Big Brother in 2009. + += = = Big Brother (British series 11) = = = +Big Brother 11, was the eleventh series of the British reality television series "Big Brother". It was also the final series of the show to be broadcast by Channel 4. + += = = Tornier's frog = = = +Tornier's frog, Tornier's Australian tree frog or black-shinned rocket frog ("Litoria tornieri") is a frog from northern Australia. It lives in Western Australia, the Northern Territory, and Queensland. +This frog lives in many different kinds of places, especially temporary bodies of water that dry up. +This frog lays eggs on the surface of the water. Tadpoles take 6-7 weeks to become frogs. + += = = Lieutenant Governor of Florida = = = +The lieutenant governor of Florida is a constitutional statewide elected office in the executive branch of the state government of the U.S. state of Florida. It is the second highest-ranking official in the state government. +The lieutenant governor is elected on a ticket with the governor for a four-year term. Official duties of the lieutenant governor are under the current Florida Constitution are to serve as the acting governor in the absence of the governor from the state or to become the governor in the event of the governor's death, resignation or impeachment. +Jeanette Nuñez is the 20th and current lieutenant governor of Florida, in office since January 2019. +Eligibility & requirements. +Section 5 of the state's constitution states for a person to serve as lieutenant governor must: +Election process and terms. +The lieutenant governor is elected by the people through the popular election to a four-year term, along with the gubernatorial candidate or the incumbent governor of Florida as their running mate. The gubernatorial candidate or incumbent governor must have the majority of the popular vote in order to win the election. +Under Section 5 of the state's constitution forbids anyone from being elected lieutenant governor more than twice. +Inauguration. +The lieutenant governor-elect, or incumbent lieutenant governor immediately began their four-year team on inauguration day every four years in the month of January, along with the incumbent governor and governor-elect. +Gubernatorial line of succession. +If the governor dies, reigns, or is impeached, the lieutenant governor ranks first in the succession will assume the gubernatorial office and duties. + += = = New Brockton, Alabama = = = +New Brockton is a town in Coffee County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census the population was 1,428. + += = = Jeanette Nuñez = = = +Jeanette Marie Nuñez (born June 6, 1972) is an American businesswoman and politician. Since 2019, she has been the 20th lieutenant governor of Florida under Governor Ron DeSantis. She is the first latina woman ever elected to this office. Nuñez is a member of the Republican Party. +Nuñez also served as a member and speaker pro tempore of the Florida House of Representatives. + += = = Mortimer Zuckerman = = = +Mortimer Benjamin Zuckerman (born June 4, 1937) is a Canadian-American billionaire media businessman, magazine editor, and investor. He is the co-founder, executive chairman and former CEO of Boston Properties, one of the largest real estate investment trusts in the United States. +Zuckerman is also the owner and publisher of "U.S. News & World Report", where he is editor-in-chief. He formerly owned the "New York Daily News" "The Atlantic" and "Fast Company". +On the "Forbes" 2016 list of the world's billionaires, he was ranked No. 688 with a net worth of US$2.5 billion. As of January 2020, his net worth is estimated at US$ 3.0 billion. +Zuckerman was born in Montreal, Quebec. He studied at McGill University, University of Pennsylvania and Harvard University. From 1996 to 2001, he was married to Marla Prather. They had two daughters. + += = = Harold Hayes = = = +Harold Thomas Pace Hayes (April 18, 1926 – April 5, 1989), editor of "Esquire" magazine from 1963 to 1973, was a main architect of the New Journalism movement. He hosted a public television interview program, worked briefly as an editorial producer for (and, with Robert Hughes, the first cohost of) "20/20". + += = = Elkin, North Carolina = = = +Elkin is a town in Surry and Wilkes counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina The population was 4,122 at the 2020 census. +Elkin is located at (36.257709, -80.851296). + += = = Dobson, North Carolina = = = +Dobson is a town in Surry County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 1,462. It is the county seat of Surry County. + += = = Jack Ford (journalist) = = = +Jack Ford is an American television news personality. His works focuses in legal commentary. He has spent over two decades in front of the TV camera as a host and presenter of many information and entertainment programs. He was raised in New Jersey. He hosted "20/20". + += = = John Miller (police official) = = = +John Miller (born 1958 or 1959) is the Deputy Commissioner of Intelligence & Counterterrorism of the NYPD. He is the former Associate Deputy Director of National Intelligence for Analytic Transformation and Technology. +He was an Assistant Director of Public Affairs for the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Miller is also a former ABC News reporter and anchorman. He is best known for conducting a May 1998 interview with Osama bin Laden in Afghanistan. + += = = Amy Robach = = = +Amy Joanne Robach (born February 6, 1973) is a television presenter for ABC News. She is the co-anchor of "20/20" and the breaking news anchor/fill-in anchor for "Good Morning America". +She was a national correspondent for NBC News, co-host of the Saturday edition of NBC's "Today", and anchor on MSNBC. +Since May 2018, she has been the co-anchor of "20/20" alongside David Muir. + += = = St. Joseph, Michigan = = = +St. Joseph is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 7,856. It lies on the shore of Lake Michigan. It is the county seat of Berrien County. + += = = Berrien County, Michigan = = = +Berrien County is a county on the south line of Michigan, at the southwestern corner of the state. As of the 2020 census, the population was 154,316. The county seat is St. Joseph. + += = = Niles, Michigan = = = +Niles is a city in Berrien and Cass counties in the U.S. state of Michigan, near South Bend, Indiana. In 2020, the population was 11,988 according to the 2020 census. + += = = Cass County, Michigan = = = +Cass County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 51,589. Its county seat is Cassopolis. + += = = Cassopolis, Michigan = = = +Cassopolis is a village within in the U.S. state of Michigan and the county seat of Cass County. The population was 1,712 at the 2020 United States Census. + += = = KwaDukuza = = = +KwaDukuza (also known as Stanger) is a town in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. In 2006, its official name was changed from Stanger to KwaDukuza, but the Zulu people in the area called it "Dukuza" well before then, and many South Africans still use the name "Stanger" (see below). "Stanger" has also been used on new road signs in the area. + += = = Langeberg Local Municipality = = = +Langeberg Municipality (before 28 August 2009, Breede River/Winelands Local Municipality) is a local municipality located within the Cape Winelands District Municipality in the Western Cape province of South Africa. As of 2011 it had a population of 97,724. + += = = Sesto San Giovanni = = = +Sesto San Giovanni (; ), locally referred to as just Sesto (), is a "comune" in the Metropolitan City of Milan, Lombardy, northern Italy. +The comune has the honorary title of city, despite being a "de facto" suburb of Milan. + += = = Finn Christian Jagge = = = +Finn Christian "Finken" Jagge (4 April 1966 – 8 July 2020) was a Norwegian Alpine skier. He was the son of alpine skier Liv Jagge and tennis player Finn Dag Jagge. +In the World Cup he won seven slalom victories. He also won the Norwegian Championship 8 times. His career highlight came with the gold medal in the slalom competition at the 1992 Olympics in Albertville. He represented Bærums SK, and retired in 2000. He was born in Oslo. +Jagge died on 8 July 2020 from volvulus, aged 54. + += = = Edwige Diaz = = = +Edwige Diaz (born 15 October 1987) is a French politician. She is a member of National Rally. +Biography. +Diaz was born on 15 October 1987 in Marseille. +In June 2017, as a candidate for the legislative elections in the Gironde's 11th constituency (north of Bordeaux), she had obtained 23.7% of her votes in the first round and 42.98% in the second round. +Edwige Diaz is a regional councillor of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. +In 2020, she was a candidate in the municipal elections of Saint-Savin. She received 43.80% of the vote. +In the 2022 French legislative election, she was elected to the National Assembly for Gironde's 11th constituency defeating Véronique Hammerer. + += = = Knuckle-walk = = = +Knuckle-walking is a way some land animals move. Knuckle-walking animals curl fingers or front toes like a fist and touch the ground using the bony part of the front foot, the knuckle. Gorillas, chimpanzees, anteaters and platypuses knuckle-walk. In general, animals knuckle walk if their hands or front paws have special shapes for doing something very different from walking. Apes use their hands to hold food and use tools, so they have fingers. They curl up their fingers when they knuckle-walk. Anteaters use their front paws to dig for ants, so they curl up their digging claws when they knuckle-walk. Platypuses use their front paws to swim, so they curl up their webbed toes when they knuckle-walk. +Large anteaters that walk on the ground, for example the giant anteater, knuckle-walk. Smaller anteaters that live in trees do not. Platypuses walk on their knuckles so that the webbing on their front feet will not get in the way. +Gorillas from the genus "Gorilla" and chimpanzees from the genus "Pan" both walk on their knuckles but not in the same way. Chimpanzees spend more time in trees than gorillas do, so they turn their wrists in many different ways. Gorillas usually keep their wrists straight when they knuckle-walk. Gorillas and chimpanzees knuckle-walk when they move on the ground because their bodies are adapted to move around in trees: their arms are longer than their legs, and their middles are cone-shaped. The bones in their arms are good for knuckle-walking: the radius can lock into one of the bones in the wrist so the two bones together can hold the animal's weight. Human arm and wrist bones do not do this. +Some fictional cavemen knuckle-walk or drag the knuckles of their long arms on the ground, but scientists do not agree on whether human beings evolved from ancestors who really knuckle-walked on the ground the way gorillas do. One team of scientists said humans evolved from a tree-living ancestor, like chimpanzees did, because of the way our wrist bones are. Another team of scientists wrote that "Australopithecus anamensis" and "Australopithecus afarensis", extinct relatives of humans, probably knuckle-walked. + += = = World Wrestling Championships = = = +The World Wrestling Championships are the Amateur Wrestling World Championships organized by the United World Wrestling. The Men's Greco-Roman Wrestling tournament began in 1904, and the Men's Freestyle Wrestling tournament began in 1951. The Women's Freestyle championships were first staged in 1987. + += = = Tyler's tree frog = = = +Tyler's tree frog or laughing tree frog ("Litoria tyleri") is a frog from Australia. It lives in Queensland and New South Wales. +This frog can live in many kinds of places but it mostly lives in forests. It looks very similar to Peron's tree frog. Scientists tell them apart because their voices sound different. + += = = The Jewel of the Nile = = = +The Jewel of the Nile is a 1985 American adventure romantic comedy movie directed by Lewis Teague and a sequel to the 1984 movie "Romancing the Stone". It stars Michael Douglas, Kathleen Turner, Danny DeVito and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Jake Busey = = = +William Jacob Busey Jr. (born June 15, 1971) is an American actor, musician, and movie producer. Among his most prominent roles have been serial killer Johnny Bartlett in 1996's "The Frighteners", Ace in 1997's "Starship Troopers", Kyle in 2001's "Tomcats", Aiden Tanner in the 2014–2016 TV series "", and Sean H. Keyes in the "Predator" franchise. +Busey was born in Los Angeles, California and is the son of Gary Busey. + += = = King County = = = +King County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Asian Wrestling Championships = = = +Asian Wrestling Championships is the Wrestling Asian Championship organized by the Asian Associated Wrestling Committee (AAWC). The men's tournament began in 1979 and The women's tournament was first staged in 1996, and it has been held every year. + += = = Avenue I station = = = +Avenue I is a local station on the IND Culver Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of Avenue I and McDonald Avenue in Midwood, Brooklyn, it is served by the F train at all times and the <F> train during rush hours in the peak direction. + += = = European Wrestling Championships = = = +The European Wrestling Championships is the second oldest international wrestling competition of the modern world and the main wrestling championships in Europe. It predates World Wrestling Championships and other regional wrestling championships and is second only to the wrestling events at the Olympics. From its inception in 1898 till 1927 only Greco-Roman wrestling was contested. Since 1929 separate freestyle wrestling events were held as well. Since 1970 the two Olympic wrestling styles were contested together during the same unified events. Since 1973 Sambo wrestling was included into the championships programme along with GR and freestyle wrestling (subsequently disctontinued and from 1983 contested separately.) Since 2014 associated traditional wrestling styles recognized globally by UWW were incorporated into the annual championships schedule. + += = = Avenue H station = = = +Avenue H is a local station on the BMT Brighton Line of the New York City Subway. It is at Avenue H between East 15th and East 16th Streets, between Midwood and Flatbush, Brooklyn. The station is served by the Q train at all times. + += = = Utica Avenue station = = = +Utica Avenue is an express station on the IND Fulton Street Line of the New York City Subway. Located at Utica Avenue and Fulton Street in Bedford-Stuyvesant, Brooklyn, it is served by the A train at all times and the C train at all times except late nights. + += = = Asian Aquatics Championships = = = +The Asian Aquatics Championships are a major aquatics event (Swimming, Diving, Waterpolo and Artistic Swimming), held every four years among the athletes from Asian countries. It is conducted under the governance of the Asian Amateur Swimming Federation, the governing body of aquatics in Asia. + += = = West Fourth Street–Washington Square station = = = +West 4th Street Washington Square is an express station and transfer stop on the IND Sixth Avenue Line and the IND Eighth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. It is at the intersection of West Fourth Street and Sixth Avenue (Avenue of Americas) in Greenwich Village, Manhattan. +On the Sixth Avenue Line, this station is between 14th Street and Broadway Lafayette Street. On the Eighth Avenue Line, this station is between 14th Street and Spring Street. +This station is used by A, C, E, B, D, F, <F> and M trains. The station is on the National Register of Historic Places. +There are two entrances. + += = = Howe, Texas = = = +Howe is a town in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Lane County = = = +Lane County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Laurens County = = = +Laurens County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Livingston County = = = +Livingston County is the name of six counties in the United States: + += = = McDowell County = = = +McDowell County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Morrow County = = = +Morrow County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Moore County = = = +Moore County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Nicholas County = = = +Nicholas County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Oconee County = = = +Oconee County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Morton County = = = +Morton County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Whistling tree frog = = = +The whistling tree frog, fawn tree frog, Verrreaux's Alpine tree frog, Alpine tree frog or Verreaux's tree frog ("Litoria verreauxii") is a small frog from Australia. It is named after its loud call, which sounds like a bird call. +There are two subspecies: "L. v. verreauxii" lives in many kinds of places, including swamps, forests and permanent bodies of water and "L. v. alpina", called the alpine tree frog, lives higher above sea level. "L. v. alpina" is much rarer. The IUCN Red List says the whistling tree frog is not endangered overall, but the government of Australia and its states say the alpine subspecies is endangered. +This frogs lays eggs in groups of 500-1000 at a time on underwater plants. + += = = List of heads of government of Ivory Coast = = = +The following is a list of heads of government of Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, since the country gained independence from France in 1960. +Robert Beugré Mambé is the prime minister since 18 October 2023, he became prime minister after his predecessor Patrick Achi was dismissed by President Alassane Ouattara. + += = = Henri Konan Bédié = = = +Aimé Henri Konan Bédié (May 5, 1934 – August 1, 2023) was an Ivorian politician. He was President of Côte d'Ivoire from 1993 to 1999. He was the President of the Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire - African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA). +Bédié died on August 1, 2023 at a private hospital in Abidjan, Ivory Coast at the age of 89. + += = = Laurent Gbagbo = = = +Koudou Laurent Gbagbo (Gagnoa Bété: ; ; born 31 May 1945) is an Ivorian politician who was the President of Côte d'Ivoire from 2000 until his arrest in April 2011. + += = = Robert Guéï = = = +Robert Guéï (; March 16, 1941 – September 19, 2002) was an Ivorian military ruler. He was the 3rd President of Ivory Coast from December 24, 1999 to October 26, 2000. Bédié was overthrown in a coup on Christmas Eve, 1999. +In September 2002, he was murdered although this is unsolved. + += = = Amadou Gon Coulibaly = = = +Amadou Gon Coulibaly (10 February 1959 – 8 July 2020) was an Ivorian politician. He was Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire from January 2017 to his death in July 2020. +He was the ruling party's candidate in the 2020 Ivorian presidential election and was seen as the front-runner. +Coulibaly died from heart surgery-related problems at a hospital in Abidjan on 8 July 2020, aged 61. + += = = Lieutenant Governor of New York = = = +The lieutenant governor of New York is a constitutional office in the executive branch of the U.S. state of New York. It is the second highest-ranking official in the state government. The lieutenant governor ranks first in the gubernatorial line of succession and is also the officer of the legislative branch, president of the Senate and the presiding officer of the Senate. +Antonio Delgado is the current lieutenant governor of New York, in office since May 2022. +Constitutional roles and duties. +The lieutenant governor is the president of the Senate. The lieutenant governor has the power to preside over the Senate and has the authority exercise a casting vote in a tie event. +Eligibility and requirements. +Under the New York State Constitution, a person must: +• be at least 30 years old and a United States citizen +• a resident of the state of New York for a least five years +Election process. +The lieutenant governor is elected on a ticket with the governor as their running mate to a four-year term. The gubernatorial candidate or incumbent governor must have a majority of the popular vote in order to win the election. +Line of succession. +The lieutenant governor is first in the line of succession to become governor if the governor dies resigns, or is impeached from office. + += = = Lynn Rogers (politician) = = = +Lynn Wayne Rogers (born September 11, 1958) is an American politician and businessman. In 2021, he became Treasurer of Kansas. He was the 51st Lieutenant Governor of Kansas from 2019 to 2021. He is a Democrat. He was on the Board of Wichita Public Schools from 2001 to 2017. He was also in the Kansas Senate representing the 25th District of west Wichita from 2017 to 2019. + += = = Fremont, Nebraska = = = +Fremont is a city in Dodge County in the eastern portion of the U.S. state of Nebraska. The population was 27,141 at the 2020 census. + += = = Geoff Duncan = = = +Geoffrey L. Duncan (born April 1, 1975) is an American businessman and politician. In 2019, he became the 12th Lieutenant Governor of Georgia. He was a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from 2013 to 2017. +After playing college baseball for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets, Duncan played professional baseball for six years until a shoulder injury forced him to retire. He went into business and was elected to the Georgia House in 2012. + += = = Dan Patrick (politician) = = = +Dan Goeb Patrick (born Dannie Scott Goeb; April 4, 1950) is an American radio talk show host, television broadcaster, and politician. He has been the 42nd lieutenant governor of Texas since January 2015, under Greg Abbott. + += = = Lieutenant Governor of Texas = = = +The Lieutenant Governor of Texas is a constitutional statewide elected office in the executive branch of the state government of the U.S. state of Texas. It is the second highest-ranking official in the state government. +The lieutenant governor is elected on a ticket with the governor for a four-year term. Official duties of the lieutenant governor are under the current Texas Constitution are to serve as the president of the Texas Senate, serve as the acting governor in the absence of the governor from the state or to become the governor in the event of the governor's death, resignation or impeachment. +Dan Patrick is the current Lieutenant Governor of Texas, in office since January 2015, under Greg Abbott. + += = = Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts = = = +The Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts is the first in the line to discharge the powers and duties of the office of governor following the incapacitation of the Governor of Massachusetts. +John Hancock helped create the position. + += = = Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania = = = +The Lieutenant Governor is a constitutional officer of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The lieutenant governor is elected for a four-year term in the same year as the governor. Each party picks a candidate for lieutenant governor independently of the gubernatorial primary. The winners of the party primaries are then teamed together as a single ticket for the fall general election. +The lieutenant governor is in charge of the Senate and is first in the line of succession to the governor; in the event the governor dies, resigns, or otherwise leaves office, the lieutenant governor becomes governor. + += = = Robert Jubelirer = = = +Robert C. Jubelirer (born February 9, 1937) is a Republican politician. He was born in Altoona, Pennsylvania. He as a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate from 1975 to 2006. He was President pro tempore of the Pennsylvania State Senate for all but two years from 1984 to 2006, and was the 29th Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania between 2001 and 2003. + += = = Lieutenant Governor of Michigan = = = +The lieutenant governor of Michigan is the second-ranking official in U.S. state of Michigan, behind the governor. The holder of this office is given the courtesy title of the "Honorable" for life. They are also the leader of the Michigan State Senate. +The current lieutenant governor is Garlin Gilchrist, a Democrat, who has held the office since January 1, 2019. They are elected alongside the candidate for Governor of Michigan in the general election. + += = = Garlin Gilchrist = = = +Garlin Gilchrist II (born September 25, 1982) is an American politician, engineer, entrepreneur, and activist. He is the 64th lieutenant governor of Michigan, since January 2019. He is a member of the Democratic Party. + += = = Lieutenant Governor of Washington = = = +The Lieutenant Governor of Washington is an elected office in the U.S. state of Washington. The incumbent is Denny Heck, a Democrat who began his term in January, 2021. +The Lieutenant Governor is also the President of the Washington State Senate, fills in as acting governor whenever the governor leaves the state or is unable to serve. + += = = Cyrus Habib = = = +Kamyar Cyrus Habib (born August 22, 1981) is an American politician, lawyer, and educator. He is the 16th Lieutenant Governor of Washington. +He has been fully blind since he lost his eyesight to cancer at age eight. +He is both the first and only Iranian-American official to hold statewide elected office in the United States. +In March 2020, he announced plans to quit politics and become a Jesuit priest. + += = = John Cherberg = = = +John Andrew Cherberg (October 17, 1910 – April 8, 1992) was an American football coach, teacher, television executive, and politician. +He was the head coach at the University of Washington from 1953 to 1955, compiling a record of 10–18–2. Cherberg played college football at Washington. +He was the 13th Lieutenant Governor of Washington from 1957 to 1989, which is longer than any other lieutenant governor in the state's history. + += = = Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey = = = +The Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey is an elected constitutional officer in the executive branch of the state government of New Jersey in the United States. +The lieutenant governor is the second highest-ranking official in the state government and is elected on a ticket with the governor for a four-year term. + += = = Sheila Oliver = = = +Sheila Y. Oliver (July 14, 1952 – August 1, 2023) was an American politician. In 2018, she became the Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey. She was in the New Jersey General Assembly from 2004 to 2018. She also was the Speaker of the New Jersey General Assembly for two terms, from January 12, 2010, to January 14, 2014, as a member of the Democratic Party. +Oliver was hospitalized for a medical emergency in Livingston, New Jersey on July 31, 2023. She died the next day at the age of 71. + += = = Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin = = = +The Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin is the first person in the line of succession of Wisconsin's executive branch. +The lieutenant governor is Sara Rodriguez, a Democrat who took office on January 3, 2023. + += = = Rebecca Kleefisch = = = +Rebecca Ann Kleefisch (née Reed; born August 7, 1975) is an American politician and former television news anchor. She was the 44th lieutenant governor of Wisconsin from 2011 to 2019. She is a Republican. +She was elected on November 2, 2010 as the running mate of Governor Scott Walker. The two ticket lost re-election in 2018. +In September 2021, Kleefisch announced that she would run for the Republican nomination for Governor of Wisconsin in the 2022 election. She lost the nomination in the August 2022 primary to businessman Tim Michels. + += = = Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota = = = +The lieutenant governors of the U.S. state of Minnesota is the second highest office holder in the state of Minnesota. They are in the second line of succession in the event the Governor of Minnesota is unable to serve or dies in office. The two are elected on the same ballot in the general election. +Beginning with the 1962 election, the term of the lieutenant governor increased from two to four years. Before the 1974 election, governors and lieutenant governors were elected on separate ballots. + += = = Lieutenant Governor of Indiana = = = +The Lieutenant Governor of Indiana is a constitutional office in the US State of Indiana. Republican Suzanne Crouch is the incumbent. +The lieutenant governor is also President of the Indiana Senate and becomes acting governor during the event when the governor should the incumbent governor resign, die in office, or be impeached and removed from office. + += = = Suzanne Crouch = = = +Suzanne Crouch (born February 27, 1952) is an American politician. She became the 52nd lieutenant governor of Indiana in January 2017. She was the 56th state Auditor of Indiana. She is a member of the Republican Party. +In December 2022, Crouch announced her candidacy for Governor of Indiana in the 2024 election. + += = = Fultonham, Ohio = = = +Fultonham is a village in Muskingum County, Ohio, United States. The population was 115 at the 2020 census. + += = = Cao Zhi (politician) = = = +Cao Zhi (; May 1928 – 1 July 2020) was a Chinese politician. He was born in Shandong, China. He was a member of the Communist Party of China. Cao was the Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress from 1998 to 2003. +Cao died in Beijing on 1 July 2020, aged 92. + += = = Raymond Carter (British politician) = = = +Raymond John Carter (17 September 1935 – 2 July 2020) was a Labour Party politician. He was a councillor on Easthampstead Rural District Council from 1963. He was Member of Parliament for Birmingham Northfield from 1970 to 1979. +Carter died on 2 July 2020, aged 84. + += = = Jagdeep = = = +Syed Ishtiaq Ahmed Jaffrey (29 March 1939 – 8 July 2020), better known as his stage name Jagdeep, was an Indian actor, director and comedian. He appeared in more than 400 movies. He played Soorma Bhopali in "Sholay" (1975), Machchar in "Purana Mandir" (1984), Salman Khan's dad in "Andaz Apna Apna" (1994) and directed the movie "Soorma Bhopali". He was born in Datia, Madhya Pradesh. +Jagdeep died at a hospital in Mumbai on 8 July 2020, aged 81. + += = = Daniel Alvarado = = = +Daniel Alvarado (12 August 1949 – 8 July 2020) was a Venezuelan actor. He was born in Maracaibo, Venezuela. He was known for starring in "La revancha", "Pecado de amor" and in "My Sweet Fat Valentina". His career began in 1973 and he retired in 2014. +Alvarado died after falling at his home in Caracas on 8 July 2020, aged 70. + += = = Horace Barlow = = = +Horace Basil Barlow FRS (8 December 1921 – 5 July 2020) was an Australian visual neuroscientist. In 1953, Barlow discovered that the frog brain has neurons. Barlow also worked in the field of factorial codes. His work was important in the field of statistics of natural scenes. +Barlow died on 5 July 2020, aged 98. + += = = Léo Bergoffen = = = +Léo Bergoffen (30 October 1922 – 5 July 2020) was a German Jew who emigrated to France in 1938. He was deported to Auschwitz. He was born in Berlin. In June 1942, Bergoffen went to the "zone libre", but was arrested by the Gendarmerie de France in August. He was deported from the Drancy internment camp to Auschwitz in the 27th convoy on 2 September 1942. His parents were both murdered at Auschwitz, but Léo survived. +Bergoffen died in Angers on 5 July 2020 at the age of 97. + += = = Brad Pye Jr. = = = +Brad Pye Jr. (June 11, 1931July 5, 2020) was an American sports journalist, broadcaster, and Los Angeles community activist. He was the first recognized African-American sportswriter in Southern California and the first African-American scout for the Los Angeles/San Diego Chargers. He was born in Plain Dealing, Louisiana. +He was sports director for major African-American radio stations KGFJ, KACE, KDAY, and KJLH, and was sports editor for the "Los Angeles Sentinel" for nearly 30 years. +Pye died in his sleep on July 5, 2020, at his home in Los Angeles, aged 89. + += = = Pembroke Park, Florida = = = +Pembroke Park is a town in Broward County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,260. + += = = Saluga and Ghazal protected area = = = +Saluga and Ghazal protected area is one of the nature reserves in southern Egypt and is considered the smallest, as its area does not exceed half a kilometer in the form of islands groups in the Nile River. +The reserve is located in Aswan Governorate, specifically at the first waterfall, about 3 km north of Aswan Reservoir. In south of it, there is the island of Suhail, and to the north there are the islands of Esposarte, Amun and the Botanical Garden (El Nabatat Island). +The name is taken from the two most important islands in the reserve. Saluja Island, which means (waterfall) in Nubian language, while the name Ghazal Island seems to refer to one of the ancient plants that were growing on these islands. +The region declared a nature reserve by decision of the Prime Minister of Egypt in 1986. With the aim of preserving the biological diversity of endangered animals, plants and mammals. +The Environment. +The reserve contains a variety of living creatures from the animal and plant kingdoms despite the small size of the reserve and its presence in the middle of the Nile. Among the most famous animals in the reserve are camels, goats, wild donkeys, hyenas, and the red fox (the Egyptian fox) which, although it does not live mainly in the islands of the reserve but lives in the West Bank of the Nile and crosses the river by swimming to build a hole on the islands of the reserve. Sixty species of resident and migratory birds live in the reserve as well, some of which are threatened with extinction. The most famous of these rare birds is the black ibis, which became the symbol of the reserve. The plant life in the reserve is more varied and clear, as there are more than 90 different types of plants. The reserve is characterized by stunning landscapes that combine the often quiet vegetation with the water surface of the Nile, which made it an important tourist attraction. +Saluga_and_ghazal.jpg + += = = Supalonely = = = +"Supalonely" is a song by New Zealand singer Benee. It was first released on her 2019 extended play "Stella & Steve". It was later released as a single in December of that year. It became very popular on the online video-sharing app TikTok in March 2020. It had about 6.9 billion plays on the app for that month. + += = = Tico Torres = = = +Hector Samuel Juan "Tico" Torres (born October 7, 1953) is an American musician, artist, and entrepreneur, best known as the drummer, percussionist, and songwriter for American rock band Bon Jovi. In 2018, Torres was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Bon Jovi. +Personal life. +Torres and his first wife divorced soon after the formation of Bon Jovi in 1983. In 1996, Torres married Czech-born model Eva Herzigová in Sea Bright, New Jersey. The ceremony was attended by their closest friends and family including Donald Trump and the members of Bon Jovi. The band serenaded Eva and her husband with the hit single "Always" during the dance. Their marriage ended two years later. Torres married Maria Alejandra in September 2001, his third marriage. They have a son, Hector Alexander, born on January 9, 2004. Torres is an avid golfer who frequently participates in the Alfred Dunhill Links Pro-Am in St. Andrews, UK, often playing in a foursome with fellow musician and good friend Huey Lewis. +Endorsements. +After a long endorsement deal with Pearl drums and hardware since 1984, after Richie Sambora's last show with Bon Jovi in April 2013, Torres changed from Pearl drums to DW, after DW made a custom kit out of cherry wood to Torres' specifications. Along with DW, Torres also endorses Paiste cymbals, Remo drumheads, his signature Easton Ahead drumsticks and their griptape and gloves, LP percussion and Beato drum bags. Torres used DW pedals for most of his career but not hardware or drums until 2013. + += = = Stella & Steve = = = +Stella & Steve is the second extended play by New Zealand singer Benee. It was released on 15 November 2019. Three singles were released from the EP: "Find an Island", "Monsta", and "Supalonely". The last became very popular in 2020 after many people shared the song on video-sharing app TikTok. Benee said she got the name for the EP from the sentence "I am Stella and my car is called Steve" (Benee's real first name is Stella). The cover shows Benee standing on top of a car with the licence plate "STEVE". + += = = Kevin Wickham = = = +Kevin John Wickham (21 July 1939 – 4 July 2020) was an Australian rower. He competed as coxswain at the 1964 Summer Olympics. +Wickham died on 4 July 2020, aged 80. + += = = Frida = = = +Frida is a 2002 American biographical drama movie directed by Julie Taymor. It is about the life of the surrealist Mexican artist Frida Kahlo. +It stars Salma Hayek in an Academy Award–nominated portrayal as Kahlo and Alfred Molina as her husband, Diego Rivera. +"Frida" received generally positive reviews from critics, and won two Academy Awards for Best Makeup and Best Original Score among six nominations. + += = = Zithulele Patrick Mvemve = = = +Zithulele Patrick Mvemve (31 May 1941 – 6 July 2020) was a South African Roman Catholic bishop. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1969. He was titular bishop of "Luperciani" and as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Johannesburg, South Africa, from 1988 to 1994. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Klerksdorp, South Africa, from 1994 to 2013. +Mvemve died on 6 July 2020 in Johannesburg, aged 79. + += = = Zdzisław Myrda = = = +Zdzisław Myrda (29 January 1951 – 6 July 2020) was a Polish basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1980 Summer Olympics. He was born in Siedliska, Poland. +Myrda died on 6 July 2020 at the age of 69. + += = = Tina Modotti = = = +Tina Modotti (August 16 (or 17) 1896 – January 5, 1942) was an Italian American photographer, model, actress, and revolutionary political activist. In 1922 she moved to Mexico, where she became an active Communist. + += = = Barbara Pec-Ślesicka = = = +Barbara Pec-Ślesicka (24 August 1936 – 6 July 2020) was a Polish movie producer and production manager. She was born in Łódź, Poland. Pec-Ślesicka was known for producing "Rok pierwszy", "Without Anesthesia" and "Danton". She was the mother of Macieja Ślesickiego. +Pec-Ślesicka died on 6 July 2020, aged 83. + += = = Marta Stebnicka = = = +Marta Stebnicka (22 March 1925 - 6 July 2020) was a Polish actress, theater director, singer and lecturer. She was educated at the AST National Academy of Theatre Arts in Kraków. She was born in Kraków. She was known for her stage role in the 1965 production of "The Undivine Comedy". +Stebnicka died on 6 July 2020 in Kraków, aged 95. + += = = Guillermo Kahlo = = = +Guillermo Kahlo (born Carl Wilhelm Kahlo; 26 October 1871 – 14 April 1941) was a German-Mexican photographer. He was known for photographic architectural works, churches, streets, landmarks, as well as industries and companies in Mexico at the beginning of the 20th century in Mexico. He was the father of painter Frida Kahlo. + += = = Muzykalnaya Gazeta = = = +Muzykalnaya Gazeta was a Belarusian newspaper about music and show business. +History. +It was founded in Minsk by Anatoĺ Kiriuškin (Publishing house ”Nestor“) in 1996. The newspaper came out every week, then every other week, in Russian, and was traded in the Republic of Belarus, Ukraine, and Russia. The number of copies was 7,000–19,500. The last number in December 2007 was printed in 2,514 copies. +By 2003, the newspaper was published in color and wrote on West, Belarusian, and Russian music. After 2003, the newspaper began to write only about Belarusian music. Western music moved to the new print “���-7”. It changed the design, and had 8 black and white pages from 16 left. +The chief was Aleh "“�’�”" Klimau, a Belarusian music writer. The newspaper became a big print for Belarusian music groups and was a big name in Moscow and Saint Petersburg. +The newspaper is out of print since 2008. + += = = Fillmore, California = = = +Fillmore is a small city in Ventura County, California, United States in the Santa Clara River Valley. The population was 16,419 at the 2020 census. + += = = Bradford, New Hampshire = = = +Bradford is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,662 at the 2020 census. + += = = Bradford (CDP), New Hampshire = = = +Bradford is a census-designated place (CDP) and the main village in the town of Bradford in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. The population of the CDP was 372 at the 2020 census. + += = = Hafiz Rahim = = = +Hafiz Rahim (19 November 1983 – 9 July 2020) was a Singaporean footballer. He played as a forward. From 2011 to 2020, he played for the national team. From 2006 to 2011, he played for the Geylang International. +Rahim died on 9 July 2020 from a car crash in Singapore, aged 36. + += = = Remember the Day = = = +Remember the Day is a 1941 American romantic drama movie directed by Henry King and based on the play of the same name by Phillip Dunning and Philo Higley. It stars John Payne, Claudette Colbert, Shepperd Strudwick, Ann E. Todd, Douglas Croft and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Beamer = = = +Beamer is an open source LaTeX document class for creating presentation slides. This software is mostly used to create slides with mathematical formulas. It also supports many compile options. By using Beamer, all slides will be generated in PDF style. + += = = Bloomberg L.P. = = = +Bloomberg L.P. is a privately held financial, software, data, and media company. It is headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It was founded by Michael Bloomberg in 1981 along with a 12% ownership investment by Merrill Lynch. It is the world leader in financial market information. It has terminals which combine news and data with messaging, and are in trading rooms all round the world. +The company has become very big and made Michael Bloomberg wealthy, but many employees, especially women, felt that it was a very difficult company to work for. + += = = Merrill (company) = = = +Merrill, legally Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and previously known as Merrill Lynch, is an American investing and wealth management division of Bank of America. +Along with BofA Securities, the investment banking arm, both help prime brokerage and broker-dealer activities. The firm is headquartered in New York City, and once occupied the entire 34 stories of 250 Vesey Street, part of the Brookfield Place complex in Manhattan. +Merrill employs over 14,000 financial advisors and manages $2.3 trillion in assets. The company also operates Merrill Edge, a division for investing and related services, including call center counsultancy. + += = = Park Won-soon = = = +Park Won-soon (; March 26, 1956 – July 9, 2020) was a South Korean politician and lawyer. In 2011, he was elected as the Mayor of Seoul. He received the Ramon Magsaysay Award in 2006. He was born in Changnyeong, South Korea. Park was a member of the Democratic Party. +As a lawyer, he won several major cases, including South Korea’s first sexual harassment conviction. He also campaigned for the rights of comfort women. +On June 13, 2018, Park was elected to his third and last term as Mayor of Seoul. He was the first mayor in the city's history to be elected to a third term. +On July 9, 2020, Park's daughter reported him as missing to Seoul police authorities. He was found dead a few hours later, aged 64. His death was ruled as a suicide. + += = = The Kidnapping of the President = = = +The Kidnapping of the President is a 1980 Canadian American thriller movie directed by George Mendeluk and based on the 1977 novel of the same name by Charles Templeton. It stars William Shatner, Hal Holbrook, Ava Gardner, Sully Boyar, Maury Chaykin, Aubert Pallascio. + += = = In Old Chicago = = = +In Old Chicago is a 1938 American drama movie directed by Henry King and starring Tyrone Power, Alice Faye, Alice Brady, Don Ameche, Phyllis Brooks, Andy Devine, Francis Ford, Berton Churchill, June Storey. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was nominated for 6 Oscars and won 2 Academy Awards in 1938. + += = = Seventh Heaven (1937 movie) = = = +Seventh Heaven is a 1937 American romantic drama movie directed by Henry King and is the second adaption of the 1922 play of the same name by Austin Strong. It stars Simone Simon, James Stewart, Jean Hersholt, Gregory Ratoff, John Qualen, Rollo Lloyd, Victor Kilian and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Vladimir Salkov = = = +Vladimir Maksimovich Salkov (, ; 1 April 1937 – 9 July 2020) was a Russian-Ukrainian football manager and defender. He was born in Stalino, Ukrainian SSR. He was known for playing and coaching with Shakhtar Donetsk. He also held brief assistant managing sessions with the Soviet Union national football team. +Salkov died on 9 July 2020, aged 83. + += = = Joseph James DeAngelo = = = +Joseph James DeAngelo Jr. (born November 8, 1945) is an American serial killer, serial rapist, burglar, and former police officer. He murdered about thirteen people, raped 50 women, and did over 100 burglaries in California between 1974 and 1986. +Crime spree. +He was responsible for at least three crime sprees throughout California. +DeAngelo killed many people in southern California, where he was known as the Night Stalker and later the Original Night Stalker (because serial killer Richard Ramirez had also been called the "Night Stalker"). He is believed to have threatened both victims and police. +During the decades-long investigation, several suspects were cleared through DNA evidence, alibi, or other investigative methods. +In 2001, after DNA testing indicated that the East Area Rapist and the Original Night Stalker were the same person, the name EARONS started to be used. He was nicknamed Golden State Killer in early 2013 to raise awareness that he was not caught. +Capture. +The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and local law-enforcement agencies held a news conference on June 15, 2016, to announce a renewed nationwide effort. On April 24, 2018, authorities charged 72-year-old DeAngelo with eight counts of first-degree murder, based upon DNA evidence; investigators had identified members of DeAngelo's family through forensic genetic genealogy. +Verdict. +DeAngelo cannot be charged with 1970s rapes, but he was charged in August 2018 with 13 related kidnapping and kidnapping attempts. On June 29, 2020, DeAngelo pled guilty to multiple counts of murder and kidnapping. +As part of the plea bargain, DeAngelo was also required to admit to many crimes he had not been formally charged with, including rapes. + += = = Litoria viranula = = = +Litoria viranula is a frog from Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. It is related to "Litoria bicolor". +The male adult frog is about 23.5 mm long from nose to rear end and the females is about 26.4 mm long. Its head is longer than it is wide and its pupils open up and down. The front feet usually have almost no webbing and the back feet have lots of webbing. It is bright green with a bronze stripe on its back. It has darker patches on its legs and middle. +It lives in forests near the Digul River and Fly River. +They lay eggs in flowing water and in temporarily flooded places. +The Latin name of this species "viranula" is a combination of "viridis" and "ranula" for "green" and "frog". + += = = Ghana Football Association = = = +The Ghana Football Association "was" the governing body of association football in Ghana from 1957 to 2018, based in Kumasi. The association was dissolved with "immediate effect", according to Minister of Sport, Isaac Kwame Asiamah, on 7 June 2018, after the uncovering of a corruption scandal. +In October 2019, a new president Kurt Okraku was elected. Mr Mark Addo was elected vice president in November 2019. +In an exclusive interview with TV3, Anas indicated that Mr. Nyantakyi appeared experienced in scamming and rather gave him, Anas, tutorials on how to scam people including the institution Nyantakyi headed. +The embattled GFA boss was caught on camera scheming with the undercover journalist to defraud the Ghana Football Association and to also bribe their way through several contracts to eventually “take over” the country. + += = = Northampton County = = = +Northampton County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Morgan County, West Virginia = = = +Morgan County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 17,063 people lived there. Its county seat is Berkeley Springs. + += = = Nicholas County, West Virginia = = = +Nicholas County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 24,604 people lived there. Its county seat is Summersville. + += = = Stark County = = = +Stark County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Smith County = = = +Smith County is the name of four counties in the United States: + += = = Sevier County = = = +Sevier County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Surry County = = = +Surry County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Oldham County = = = +Oldham County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Osage County = = = +Osage County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Ripley County = = = +Ripley County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Scotland County = = = +Scotland County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Pickens County = = = +Pickens County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Otsego County = = = +Otsego County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Pendleton County, West Virginia = = = +Pendleton County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 6,143 people lived there. Its county seat is Franklin. + += = = Pleasants County, West Virginia = = = +Pleasants County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 7,653 people lived there. Its county seat is St. Marys. + += = = Raleigh County, West Virginia = = = +Raleigh County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 74,591 people lived there. Its county seat is Beckley. + += = = Randolph County, West Virginia = = = +Randolph County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 27,932 people lived there. Its county seat is Elkins. + += = = Ritchie County, West Virginia = = = +Ritchie County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 8,444 people lived there. Its county seat is Harrisville. + += = = Pendleton County = = = +Pendleton County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Lydie Dooh Bunya = = = +Lydie Dooh Bunya (born in 1933 in Douala) is a Cameroonian feminist, journalist, and woman of letters. +She studied at Chimie ParisTech. She was a journalist and columnist at ORTF. She was influenced by Simone de Beauvoir. She founded the Mouvement pour la défense des droits de la femme noire (MODEFEN) in 1981. + += = = Grafton, New Hampshire = = = +Grafton is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,385 at the 2020 census. + += = = Pauline Akonga = = = +Pauline Akonga (born 9 February 1982 in Kinshasa) is a Congolese basketball player. She played for Dexia Namur in 2009, winning a Belgian championship. She played for Arras Pays d'Artois at the 2010–11 EuroCup Women, winning a silver medal. +She played for Dexia Namur, Arras Pays d'Artois, ESB Villeneuve-d'Ascq, and Saint-Amand Hainaut Basket. + += = = Beavercreek, Oregon = = = +Beavercreek is an unincorporated hamlet and a census-designated place (CDP) in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States. The population was 4,727 at the 2020 census. + += = = Aloha, Oregon = = = +Aloha is a census-designated place in Oregon in the United States. + += = = Cedar Hills, Oregon = = = +Cedar Hills is a census-designated place in Oregon in the United States. + += = = Hartwell, Missouri = = = +Hartwell is a census-designated place (CDP) in Henry County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2020 census, 15 people lived there. + += = = Montane Pinocchio frog = = = +The montane Pinocchio frog ("Litoria vivissimia") is a frog from the island of New Guinea. Scientists saw it on Hides Ridge in the Southern Fold Mountains in Papua New Guinea. Like the Pinocchio frog, it has a point on its nose that can grow or shrink. +The male adult frog is about 28.6 mm long from nose to rear end. It is light yellow-brown in color with light green patches and more yellow on its legs. It has a spike on its nose, and all of its toes are webbed. +As of 2019, scientists only saw "Litoria vivissimia" once, in Central Cordillera. The scientists used DNA barcoding to examine "Litoria vivissimia" and its relatives, the parachuting frog and the Pinocchio frog. +The Latin name of this frog, "vivissimia", means "cheeky monkey." + += = = Ellen Hellmann = = = +Ellen Hellmann (August 25, 1908 in Johannesburg - November 1982 in Johannesburg) was a South African anthropologist. +Education. +She graduated from University of Witwatersrand in 1940. She was a member of the Joint Council of Europeans and Bantu and South African Institute of Race Relations. She provided evidence to the Tomlinson Committee and the Cillie Committee. + += = = World Wushu Championships = = = +The World Wushu Championships (WWC) are held every two years and are organised by the International Wushu Federation (IWUF). This official international Wushu competition sees many countries from around the world participating. + += = = 2019 World Wushu Championships = = = +The 2019 World Wushu Championships were the 15th edition of the World Wushu Championships, and were held at Minhang Gymnasium in Shanghai, China. + += = = Parachuting frog = = = +The parachuting frog or pale-eyed parachuting tree frog ("Litoria pterodactyla") is a frog from the island of New Guinea. It is related to the Pinocchio frog and montane Pinocchio frog. +The frog uses its webbed toes to steer when it jumps out of trees, like a human in a parachute. One of the scientists who saw the frog, Paul Oliver of the Queensland Museum, said, "It's a big green frog with lots of webbing on its toes. They live high in the forest canopy and if they want to move they will just jump into the air and they spread their fingers and toes, and then they can control their descent." +As of 2019, scientists only saw the parachuting frog once. They found it in the Muller mountain range, 515 meters above sea level. The scientists used DNA barcoding to examine the parachuting frog and its relatives, the Pinocchio frog and montane Pinocchio frog. +The Latin name of this frog, "pterodactyla", means "wings on its fingers." + += = = 1995 World Wushu Championships = = = +The 1995 World Wushu Championships are the 3rd edition of the World Wushu Championships, and were held in Baltimore, USA. +Anthony Goh is the founding president of the USA Wushu Kungfu Federation (USAWKF) which was established in 1993. In 1995, he established the Pan American Wushu Federation (PAWF), which currently consists of 23 member nations. He has served as an executive committee member of the International Wushu Federation (IWUF) since 1995. In 2003, he was elected as its vice-president; a position which he still holds. Goh was one of the most prominent tournament promoters in the country during the 80s and 90s. He hosted the 3rd World Wushu Championships (1995) which was held in Baltimore, Maryland. It was the first time that the world wushu championships were held outside Asia and, with 54 countries and regions participating, it was the largest wushu-kungfu event ever held in the United States. + += = = Samuel Greg = = = +Samuel Greg (26 March 1758 – 4 June 1834) was a British entrepreneur of the early Industrial Revolution and a pioneer of the factory system. He built Quarry Bank Mill, which at his retirement was the largest textile mill in the country. +Personal life. +He was married to Hannah Lightbody. + += = = Asian Archery Championships = = = +Asian Archery Championships is the archery championship organized by the World Archery Asia. It has been held biannually, and since 2001 has included both the recurve and compound disciplines. +The tournament began in 1980 and it was first hosted in India. + += = = Wendigo = = = +The Wendigo is a evil spirit and monster that appears in many Native American stories. Not all Native Americans believe in the Wendigo and the ones that do live in certain places, such as near the Great Lakes and eastern Canada. It is said to sometimes even have human-like features. It has a hunger for human flesh that can not be satisfied. +Name. +The word Wendigo can be spelled in many ways. +The creature is called Wìdjigò in the Algonquin language and wīhtikōw in the Cree language. +Many Wendigo are called Windigoag. +Description. +The wendigo is said to be ugly. It also likes to eat human flesh. +People who are possessed by wendigo spirits can become cannibals. That means they kill and eat other people. +Saying the word Wendigo is believed to make it appear, so people do not say it aloud or they censor it so that the full word is not written out (like wend*go) +Use of the word. +The word wendigo is also used to describe greedy people who are never satisfied with what they have and just consume more and more. Therefore, it has been used to describe European colonization and its effects on Native people and the land. +Pop culture. +The wendigo has appeared in many comics and shows. + += = = Summers County, West Virginia = = = +Summers County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 11,959 people lived there. Its county seat is Hinton. + += = = Taylor County, West Virginia = = = +Taylor County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 16,705 people lived there. Its county seat is Grafton. + += = = Tucker County, West Virginia = = = +Tucker County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 6,762 people lived there. Its county seat is Parsons. + += = = Tyler County, West Virginia = = = +Tyler County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 8,313 people lived there. Its county seat is Middlebourne. + += = = Upshur County, West Virginia = = = +Upshur County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 23,816 people lived there. Its county seat is Buckhannon. + += = = Upshur County = = = +Upshur County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Asian Fencing Championships = = = +Asian Fencing Championships is the fencing zonal championship organized by the Asian Fencing Confederation for the Asia-Oceania zone. The first Asian Fencing Championships was held in 1973 in Tehran, however, fencing in the continent did not proceed actively enough. The tournament restarted in 1989 and it has been held annually since 2007. It awards points for the Fencing World Cup. + += = = Van Buren County = = = +Van Buren County is the name of four counties in the United States: + += = = Stanton County = = = +Stanton County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Webster County, West Virginia = = = +Webster County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 8,378 people lived there. Its county seat is Webster Springs. + += = = Sullivan County = = = +Sullivan County is the name of six counties in the United States: + += = = Park County = = = +Park County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Paulding County = = = +Paulding County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Simpson County = = = +Simpson County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Spencer County = = = +Spencer County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Dorothy Schiff = = = +Dorothy Schiff (March 11, 1903 – August 30, 1989) was an American businesswoman. She was the owner and publisher of the "New York Post" for almost 40 years. She was the granddaughter of financier Jacob Schiff. + += = = Valley of the Dolls (movie) = = = +Valley of the Dolls is a 1967 American drama movie directed by Mark Robson and based on the 1966 novel of the same name by Jacqueline Susann. It stars Barbara Parkins, Patty Duke, Sharon Tate, Susan Hayward and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = 3 Women = = = +3 Women is a 1977 American drama movie directed by Robert Altman and starring Shelley Duvall, Sissy Spacek, Janice Rule. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Grand Central–42nd Street station = = = +Grand Central – 42nd Street, signed as 42nd Street Grand Central is a major subway station on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line, IRT Flushing Line and 42nd Street shuttle of the New York City Subway, located at the intersection of Lexington Avenue, Madison Avenue and 42nd Street in Midtown Manhattan, it is served by the 4, 5, 6, 7 and Shuttle trains and the connection is available to Metro-North. +After this station on the Lexington Avenue Line, the next stations will be 33rd Street and 51st Street. +After this station on the Flushing Line, the next stations will be Vernon Blvd Jackson Avenue and 5th Avenue Bryant Park. +There is Grand Central Terminal for Metro-North. + += = = Macedonia naming dispute = = = +The Macedonia naming dispute was a political dispute between Greece and North Macedonia. The disputed was because of the name “Macedonia”. It was solved in 2019 with the Prespa Agreement when Greek prime minister Alexis Tsipras and Macedonian prime minister Zoran Zaev signed the agreement at Lake Prespa along the border of both countries. + += = = I Am Legend (movie) = = = +I Am Legend is a 2007 American post-apocalyptic action thriller movie starring Will Smith. + += = = Sumner County = = = +Sumner County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Lakeland, Georgia = = = +Lakeland is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the county seat of Lanier County. + += = = Plymouth County = = = +Plymouth County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Monahans, Texas = = = +Monahans is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = The Roots of Heaven = = = +The Roots of Heaven is a 1958 American adventure drama movie directed by John Huston and starring Errol Flynn, Juliette Gréco, Trevor Howard, Eddie Albert, Orson Welles, Paul Lukas, Herbert Lom, Grégoire Aslan. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. + += = = Stafford County = = = +Stafford County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Asian Shooting Championships = = = +The Asian Shooting Championships are governed by the Asian Shooting Confederation. Asian Shooting Championships began in 1967. These championships, including almost all ISSF shooting events, are held every four years. + += = = Asian Canoeing Championships = = = +The Asian Canoeing Championship is a canoeing championship. It is organised by the Asian Canoe Confederation for competitors from the Asian countries. From 1985 to 2003 Touring Events also was held. First Asian Junior Canoeing Championship was held in 1999. + += = = Rest in power = = = +Rest in power is a saying that is used to replace "rest in peace," which is said after someone dies. The phrase "rest in power" is used for people who have dedicated their lives to activism or those who have died due to oppression, such as racism, homophobia, transphobia, etc. Using the term "rest in power" instead of "rest in peace" sends a message that the dead person cannot rest in peace until change occurs. "Rest in power" also means that the dead person is making changes in society despite being dead. +The phrase "rest in power" is used in progressive groups. +History. +"Rest in power" is a newer phrase. An early example of the phrase was published in an LA Weekly article about Latino gangs in East L.A. in 1989. +Another use appeared in 2000 in honor of a graffiti artist in Oakland, California who was shot and killed. +By the mid-2000s, the phrase began to appear in print, again linked to young people's premature, violent deaths. In March 2003, under the headline "Rest In Power, Rachel Corrie", "In These Times" eulogised the death of activist Rachel Corrie at the hands of the Israeli military in Gaza. In a 2005 opinion piece in the "San Francisco Chronicle", Meredith Maran reflected on 19-year-old Meleia Willis-Starbuck, a Dartmouth College scholarship student who was home in Berkeley for the summer when she was shot and killed by an unknown assailant outside her apartment. Writing of the makeshift public altar set up to mourn Willis-Starbuck, Maran wrote, "I've never seen 'Rest in Power' written as a substitute for 'Rest in Peace.'" +A September 29, 2005 article in the "Ottawa Citizen", a Canadian newspaper, described a public graffiti memorial for teenage Ottawa murder victim Jennifer Teague that portrayed "a smiling Ms. Teague beneath the words, 'Rest in power'" and framed by "two black angels." +Black Lives Matter. +People who are part of Black Lives Matter use "Rest in power" to remember all Black people who died because of racism. Even though the phrase wasn't used yet during the Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 60s, people still say "rest in power" when talking about people who died because of racism back then or were involved in the movement. For example, Emmett Till died in 1955, but people still say "rest in power" when they're talking about him. +When Trayvon Martin died, his parents used the phrase to honor him. They wrote a book called "Rest in Power" about his life. +Transphobia. +An American trans girl named Leelah Alcorn committed suicide in 2014, citing her inability to continue living with her parents' transphobia. After her death, her parents continued to refuse to recognize or respect her identity, and instead chose to use her deadname instead of her preferred name. People in queer online communities used "rest in power" to honor Leelah and her struggle for recognition and acceptance. + += = = 86th Street station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line) = = = +86th Street is a station on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of 86th Street and Lexington Avenue on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, it is served by the <4>, <5> and <6> trains. +After this station, the next stations will be 96th Street and 77th Street stations. + += = = Deadnaming = = = +Deadnaming is using a name (called a "deadname") that a transgender person used before transitioning without their permission. It is called that because the person who that name belongs to is considered "dead" and is now a brand-new person. +Sometimes, people deadname another person by accident. They may know the other person before they transitioned. Other times, people deadname other people on purpose. Using a person's deadname is considered to be very disrespectful because it ignores a person's gender identity and is a type of transphobia if it happens on purpose. Some people think that deadnaming is a form of violence. +Obstacles. +It is very hard for people to change their names on forms because there is a lot of paperwork involved. That means that they are more likely to experience deadnaming. + += = = Louise Peltzer = = = +Louise Peltzer (born 18 February 1946 in Huahine) is a French Polynesian linguist and professor at the University of French Polynesia. From 2005 to 2011, she was president of the University of French Polynesia. +She taught at Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales and University of Waikato. + += = = The Red Meadows = = = +The Red Meadows () is a 1945 Danish World War II drama movie directed by Bodil Ipsen and Lau Lauritzen Jr. and based on the novel of the same name by Ole Valdemar Juul. It stars Poul Reichhardt, Lisbeth Movin, Per Buckhøj, Gyrd Løfqvist, Kjeld Jacobsen, Karl Jørgensen and distributed by ASA Film. + += = = Hexokinase = = = +A hexokinase is an enzyme that phosphorylates (adds phosphyryl groups) hexoses (six-carbon sugars). It takes in a substrate (usually glucose in most organisms) and adds a phosphate (usually from ATP) to form hexose phosphate as the product. When the substrate is glucose, the product is glucose-6-phosphate. + += = = Suicide of Leelah Alcorn = = = +Leelah Alcorn was a transgender American girl. On December 28, 2014, she killed herself because her parents did not respect her gender identity. They made her learn lessons at home and forced her to go to conversion therapy in order to force her to accept her birth gender. After Alcorn died, many laws were made in order to stop discrimination against trans people. +Life. +Leelah Alcorn was born into a conservative Christian family. They lived in the U.S. state of Ohio. +In the United States, many conservative Christians do not like anything related to LGBT causes. They believe that boys will always be boys and girls will always be girls because they think that God made them that way. They also think that transgender people are "confused" and need to learn how to appreciate their birth gender. One way they do that is through conversion therapy. However, many studies have shown that this type of therapy does not work and hurts the people it is supposed to help. +Ever since she was 4, Alcorn felt like a "girl trapped in a boy's body." When she was 14, she identified as transgender. She told her mom that she was transgender. Her mom said that it was a "phase" and that she could never be a woman. This made her depressed, so her mom sent her to Christian therapists who also told her that she was a man and that she should "look to God for help." When Alcorn was still alive, conversion therapy was still legal in Ohio. Going to these therapists did not make her feel better. +When Alcorn was 16, she told other kids at school that she liked boys. Other kids at school accepted that she liked boys and were happy for her. However, her parents were not happy. They thought she was making the family name look bad. They made her go to an online school that taught Christian values. They did not allow her to use social media or a cell phone. Because of these rules, Alcorn felt very alone. +Death. +Before she died, Alcorn wrote a post on Tumblr. It said: +Alcorn asked for her belongings to be sold so that the money could go to support groups that work for trans rights. She signed the note as "(Leelah) Alcorn." "Josh" was the name her parents gave her at birth. +She also wrote another note and left it in her bedroom. It said, "I've had enough." Her parents threw it away after the police made a copy. +Alcorn walked onto a highway near her house and was hit by a truck. +The note got a lot of attention on Tumblr. However, her Tumblr blog disappeared after her parents asked Tumblr to delete it. +Alcorn's family had a private funeral. Her body was said to have been cremated. +In 2015, the Ohio State Patrol said that Alcorn's death was a suicide. +Reactions. +Many people were sad that Leelah Alcorn died and that she was treated badly by her parents. They thought that she was a victim of her parent's transphobia. +Leelah's parents. +Alcorn's parents were sad that she died. However, they refused to recognize her as transgender. In a Facebook post, Alcorn's mother Carla called her by her deadname, A lot of people thought that was disrespectful because "Josh" was not the name Alcorn wanted to be called. Some people sent mean messages to her mom on Facebook. Others said that her parents should go to jail and lose custody of their other kids. Carla Alcorn deleted the post. +Carla Alcorn went onto CNN and said that "we loved him unconditionally. We loved him no matter what. I loved my son. People need to know that I loved him. He was a good kid, a good boy." Some people said that their love was not "unconditional" because of their hostile reaction to Leelah when she told them she was trans. +Others. +Many people around the world talked about Alcorn's death. They made art and lit candles to honor her. +Many LGBT rights groups said that transgender suicide happened a lot because trans people are being treated badly, just like how Leelah was treated wrong. Besides the problem of suicide, trans people are often killed and treated wrong in other ways. +Some people tried to raise money to buy a gravestone with the name Leelah Alcorn on it to replace the gravestone with her birth name on it. However, this did not happen. Instead, a group bought a bench, tree, and plaque. +Leelah's Law. +A petition was made to ban conversion therapy in the United States. President Barack Obama said that he supported laws banning conversion therapy. +In December of 2015, Cincinnati banned conversion therapy. As of July 2020, five cities in Ohio have banned conversion therapy and two others had banned it on minors. + += = = Salvador Rueda = = = +Salvador Rueda Santos (3 December 1857 in Benaque - 1 April 1933 in Malaga) was a Spanish journalist and poet. +He wrote for the "Madrid Gazette" and Gaspar Núñez de Arce. In 1910, he toured the Philippines, South America, and Central America. He was a modernist poet. +His house in Benaque is a museum. + += = = Eat the Rich = = = +Eat the Rich is a phrase. Attributed to French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau The direct phrase in his original language is: "Quand les pauvres n'auront plus rien à manger, ils mangeront les riches!" (When the poor have nothing more to eat, they will eat the rich!). +This saying is used by people who are anti-capitalist to show their disapproval of Capitalism whos wealth is built on the exploitation of the people - literally to starvation. It is a warning to the rich who would build their wealth at the expense of everyone else, as the poor will unite in arms to take their heads ("eat" here not being used literally to mean cannibalism). Today it is a battlecry or slogan to rally the working class against those that would exploit them. This phrase was used more at the beginning of the 21st century because of increasing income inequality. +Pop culture. +The phrase Eat the Rich is used in pop culture. It expresses rebellion against the wealthy and powerful. + += = = Agustín Alezzo = = = +Agustin Andres Oscar Alezzo (15 August 1935 – 9 July 2020) was an Argentine theatre director and acting teacher. He was born in Buenos Aires. His career began in 1968. He directed the television series "Nosotros" in the 1970s. He also directed Spanish versions of Neil Simon, George Bernard Shaw and Arthur Miller productions. +Alezzo died from COVID-19-related problems on 9 July 2020 in Buenos Aires, aged 84. + += = = Ranjon Ghoshal = = = +Ranjon Ghoshal (; 7 June 1955 – 9 July 2020) was an Indian theatre director and musician. He was a founder member of the Bengali band Moheener Ghoraguli. He ran an advertising agency, Mareech Advertising in Bangalore and Forum Three, a theatre group. He was born in West Bengal, India. +In October 2019, Ghoshal was accused of sexual harassment by many women. +Ghoshal died on 9 July 2020, aged 65. + += = = Leroy Sané = = = +Leroy Aziz Sané (; born 11 January 1996) is a German footballer. He plays as a winger or as an attacking midfielder for Bundesliga club Bayern Munich and the German national team. In 2014, he began playing professionally for Schalke 04 . He was transferred to Manchester City in 2016 for £37 million. +Early Life and Academy Football. +Sané was born on January 11, 1996 in Essen, Germany. He joined the youth team of SG Wattenscheid 09 at the age of 5. In 2005, he joined the academy of German club Schalke 04. He joined the academy of Bayer Leverkusen in 2008. He rejoined Schalke 04's academy in 2011. +Club Career. +Schalke 04. +Sané signed a 3-year professional contract with Schalke 04 in 2014. He made his Bundesliga debut against VfB Stuttgart on April 20, 2014. He was subbed on in the 77th minute, replacing Max Meyer in a 3-1 loss. He scored his first goal on December 13, 2014 in a 2-1 loss against 1. FC Köln. He scored his first UEFA Champions League goal in a 4-3 win against Real Madrid on March 11, 2015. +Manchester City. +Sané signed a 5-year contract with Premier League club Manchester City on August 2, 2016. The transfer fee was £37 million. It included add-ons based on performance. The deal could be worth as much as £46.5 million. He made his debut with the club on September 10, 2016. The team played against Manchester United in the Manchester derby. On December 18, 2016, he scored his first goal for the club. It was during the Premier League match against Arsenal. He did not play in the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup because he had to have surgery for a nasal congestion problem. +Sané performed well in the 2017–2018 season. He received the Premier League Player of the Month award for October 2017. He was part of the club’s squad during the 2017–2018 FA Cup. The 2018 EFL Cup final was held on February 25, 2018, at Wembley Stadium. In it Manchester City won the trophy with a score of 3–0 against Arsenal. Leroy played 77 minutes in the match before he was substituted off. +He won The "PFA Young Player of the Year" title in the 2017–2018 season. His first Manchester derby goal came on April 24, 2019, in a 2–0 win in a match between Manchester City and Manchester United. He sustained a torn ACL during the 2019 FA Community Shield match between Manchester City and Liverpool on August 4, 2019. He played for 13 minutes before being substituted off. Manchester City defended the trophy, winning 5–4 on penalties. +Bayern Munchen. +Sané left Manchester City and joined Bayern Munich on July 15, 2020 for €49,000,000. +International career. +Sané holds both German and French citizenships. He can play for either of the two nations. He chose to play for Germany. +He made his junior international debut with the German national under-19 squad in 2014. He played for the team into 2015. During this time. he scored 8 goals in his 11 appearances with the squad. On August 28, 2015, he received a call from coach Horst Hrubesch to play for the German under-21 team for a friendly match against Denmark. He also played against Azerbaijan in a 2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifier match. +Personal life. +Sané is the son of former Senegalese footballer Souleyman Sané and former German Olympic gymnast Regina Weber. As of 2018, he had been dating American model, singer, and reality television personality Candice Brook. Their daughter, Rio Stella, was born in September 2018. + += = = Sahara Khatun = = = +Sahara Khatun (1 March 1943 – 9 July 2020) was a Bangladeshi politician. She was a member of the Awami League. She was born in Dhaka. +In 2009, she was elected a member of the Jatiya Sangsad. From 2009 to 2012, she was Minister of Home Affairs. From 2012 to 2013, she was Minister of Posts and Telecommunications. +Khatun died on 9 July 2020 at a Bangkok hospital from a short-illness, aged 77. + += = = Skin-walker = = = +A skin-walker (Navajo: yee naaldlooshii) is a fictional shape shifting creature that usually takes the form of a wolf, coyote or any native animal. It is said that in order to become one you must kill a close friend or a family member. +Description. +The concept of the skin-walker is unique to the Navajo people. In their language, the word "yee naaldlooshii" means, "with it [the animal skin], he goes on all fours." +A skin-walker may be a man or a woman. Skin-walkers are usually associated with trickster animals like the coyote or with animals that represent death and bad luck. They can turn into any animal they want by wearing its skin. Because of this, the Navajo will not wear the skin of a predator animal. Also, skin-walkers are really fast. People can be possessed by a skin-walker by looking them in the eye. +A skin-walker knows about the same rituals and spells like other Navajo medicine men. Unlike medicine men, they use their knowledge to do evil. A person becomes a skin-walker by killing someone in their family, which is a really evil thing to do according to the Navajo. +The Navajo agree that skin-walkers are hard to kill. According to them, the best way to kill a skin-walker is to get a shaman who knows about good magic to do certain spells and rituals that can return a skin-walker's evil back to them. Others think that skin-walkers can be killed by bullets dipped in white ash. However, these bullets won't work unless they hit the skin-walker in the head or neck. +The skin-walker represents everything evil in the Navajo culture. To them, there is nothing good about the skin-walker. People who are skin-walkers use black magic to kill others. +They really do not like talking about skin-walkers, especially to people who are not Navajo. Some even do not want to say the word and will take great pains to hide it, such as by typing sk*nw*lker. They believe that saying its name or mentioning it will make it appear. +Stories. +The Navajo tell stories about the skin-walker in order to teach their children about right and wrong. They believe that children who learn how to do the right thing and lead moral lives are less likely to become evil, which is what the skin-walker is. +When non-Native people talk about the skin-walker, they usually use it in horror movies and stories. But when Native people tell horror stories, they use another scary character to replace the skin-walker. + += = = Brandis Kemp = = = +Brandis Kemp (February 1, 1944 – July 4, 2020) was an American actress. She was best known for her appearances in "Fridays" and "AfterMASH" from the years 1980 to 1985. She was born in Palo Alto, California. +Kemp died at her home in Los Angeles on July 4, 2020 from brain cancer and COVID-19, aged 76. + += = = Robert Mack = = = +Robert Mack (1 July 1959 – 4 July 2020) was an Austrian ice hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1988 Winter Olympics. He was born in Klagenfurt, Austria. +Mack died on 4 July 2020 in Vienna, aged 61. + += = = Earl Thomas (wide receiver) = = = +Earl Lewis Thomas (October 4, 1948 – July 4, 2020) was an American football wide receiver in the National Football League. He played six seasons for the Chicago Bears, the St. Louis Cardinals, and the Houston Oilers. He was born in Greenville, Texas. Between 1971 and 1976, he played for the National Football League. +Thomas died on July 4, 2020 in Houston, Texas at the age of 71. + += = = 2010 Asian Weightlifting Championships = = = +Weightlifting at the 2010 Asian Games was held in Guangzhou, China from November 13 to 19, 2010. There are seven weight categories for the women and eight for the men. All competition took place at the Dongguan Arena and also counted as 2010 Asian Weightlifting Championships. + += = = MathWorks = = = +MathWorks is an American technological company that works for mathematical software. +Company logo. +The logo represents a L-shaped object which is related to the wave equation. This was the subject of Moler's thesis. +Who is Cleve Moler? +Cleve Moler is a famous mathematician. He is known for his scientific textbooks and technical reviews. +Notable products. +MathWorks is known for making powerful software used in many scientific and technical fields. +MATLAB. +MATLAB is a programming language made for numerical analysis (especially numerical linear algebra). It is named after Matrix Laboratory. +Simulation software. +MathWorks is also known for their simulation-related products. The most famous one is Simulink. It is very popular as same as MATLAB. There is also SimEvents and Stateflow. SimEvents was made to simulate physical or dynamical events. On the other hand, Stateflow aims to understand the state (status) of fluid/atmospheric or any other kind of flows. + += = = Interstate 105 = = = +Interstate 105 (I-105) is the name of three Interstate Highways in the United States that are spurs of the Interstate 5: + += = = Interstate 105 (California) = = = +Interstate 105 (I-105), also called the Glenn Anderson Freeway, is an Interstate Highway in Los Angeles County, California. It is a short spur of the Interstate 5. It goes from the Interstate 605 west to California State Route 1 at Los Angeles International Airport. The highway runs south of Los Angeles and north of Compton in an east-west direction. It is about long. When it first opened, it was called the Century Freeway. + += = = Mohammad Hassan Ganji = = = +Mohammad Hassan Ganji Ph.D (), (June 11, 1912 – July 19, 2012) was an Iranian meteorologist and academic. He was born in Iran city of Birjand South Khorasan Province. +Education. +He completed his studies in Tehran and continued to study geography in England and the United States. +He next began to teach at the University of Tehran and was the first who began to teach modern geography at universities. +Ganji established the Iran Meteorological Organization in 1955 and ran the organization for several years. +. He is considered to be the father of modern geography in Iran. +Career. +Ganji established the Iran Meteorological Organization in 1955 and served as the head of Iran's Department General of Meteorology from 1956 to 1968. +Works. +He has written over 130 articles in Persian and English and has trained many scholars and masters of geography over the years. +References. +Mohammad Hassan Ganji in IRNA Persian +Mohammad Hassan Ganji +Ganji + += = = The Black Swan (movie) = = = +The Black Swan is a 1942 American adventure drama movie directed by Henry King and was based on the 1932 novel of the same name by Rafael Sabatini. It stars Tyrone Power, Maureen O'Hara, Helene Costello, Anthony Quinn, George Sanders, George Zucco and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for 3 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1943. + += = = Prince of Foxes (movie) = = = +Prince of Foxes is a 1949 American adventure movie directed by Henry King and based on the 1947 novel of the same name by Samuel Shellabarger. It stars Tyrone Power, Orson Welles, Wanda Hendrix, Marina Berti, Everett Sloane and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1950. + += = = Interstate 110 = = = +Interstate 110 is the name of five Interstate Highways in the United States: + += = = Interstate 110 and State Route 110 (California) = = = +Interstate 110 (I-110) and State Route 110 (SR 110) are two connected highways in Los Angeles County, California. They go between the Port of Los Angeles and Pasadena, going through Downtown Los Angeles. Between the Port of L.A. and Interstate 10, the road is called the Interstate 10. It is called California State Route 110 between Interstate 10 and Pasadena. The whole route is also called the Harbor Freeway. The route is about long. + += = = Muazzez Bora = = = +Muazzez Bora (2 May 1932 - 1 May 2014) was a Turkish film actress. +Bora died on 1 May 2014, aged 81. One day later, she was buried at Edirne Asri Cemetery in Edirne. + += = = 96th Street station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line) = = = +96th Street is a station on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of 96th Street and Lexington Avenue on the Upper East Side, Carnegie Hill and East Harlem neighborhoods of Manhattan. It is served by the 6 train at all times, including during rush hours in the peak direction, and the 4 train during late nights. +After this station, the next stations will be 103rd Street and 86th Street stations. + += = = Watjulum frog = = = +The watjulum frog, watjulum mission tree frog, large rocket frog or giant rocket frog ("Litoria watjulumensis") is a frog from northern Australia. It lives in Queensland, the Northern Territory and Western Australia. +The male adult frog is 40 mm long from nose to rear end and the female is 60 mm long. It is light brown to dark brown in colour with dark stripes from the nose to both armpits. The belly is lighter or white. The front feet have no webbing and the back feet are mostly webbed. +This frog lives in forests and near the edges of swamps and streams. People often see it at the bottoms of large rocks. +This frog lays eggs in temporary bodies of water with sand or gravel at the bottom, 30–200 eggs at a time. The tadpoles take 8 weeks to become frogs. + += = = Margaret Theresa of Spain = = = +Margaret Theresa of Spain (, ; 12 July 1651 – 12 March 1673), was by marriage, Holy Roman Empress, Queen of Germany, Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia. +Biography. +She was the daughter of King Felipe IV of Spain and the older full-sister of King Carlos II of Spain, the last of the Spanish Habsburgs. She is the central figure in the famous "Las Meninas" by Diego Velázquez. She was the subject of many of his later paintings. +She was also a half-sister of Maria Theresa of Austria (the wife of Louis XIV of France) In Austria she was known as "Margarete Theresia". +She is her father's favourite child. He called her "my joy" . She was an Archduchess of Austria by birth as well as by marriage and an Infanta of Spain. She was Margarita Teresa of Austria, but not "of Spain" due to being a member of the House of Habsburg. +Marriage. +She married her uncle, Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor an on 5 December 1666, the solemn entry of the Infanta in Vienna took place and the official marriage ceremony was celebrated seven days later, on 12 December. Throughout their marriage Margarita Teresa called her husband uncle. + += = = Big Five = = = +Big Five is the name colloquially given to the five largest banks that dominate the banking industry of Canada. All five banks are operationally based in Toronto. All five banks are classified as Schedule I banks that are domestic banks operating in Canada under government charter. The banks' shares are widely held, with any entity allowed to hold a maximum of twenty percent. +The Big Five are among the world's strongest banks, with Toronto-Dominion Bank, Royal Bank of Canada, Scotiabank, Bank of Montreal & Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce at 11th, 15th, 21st, 28th & 29th place, respectively. +In modern history, Royal Bank has always been the largest by a significant margin, although TD Bank has overtaken RBC in recent years. Up to the late 1990s, CIBC was the second largest, followed by Bank of Montreal, Scotiabank, and TD Bank. During the late 1990s and beyond, this ranking changed due to several reorganizations. Royal Bank acquired Royal Trust in 1993, while Scotiabank purchased National Trust in 1997. As Scotiabank found no merger partners among the other banks in the big five group, it instead expanded its international operations and passed the Bank of Montreal in size. TD Bank merged with Canada Trust, which was for a long time the largest trust in Canada, thus vaulting TD into the number one spot. There has been no major changes to Bank of Montreal. CIBC's first unsuccessful foray into the US market led it to shed its assets there, dropping it to the number five spot. + += = = Four Pillars = = = +The four pillars policy is an Australian government policy to maintain the separation of the four largest banks in Australia by rejecting any merger or acquisition between the four major banks. +History. +The policy, originally "six pillars" (it initially included AMP and National Mutual), was adopted in 1990 by then Labor Treasurer Paul Keating. It covered the big four banks (Commonwealth Bank, Westpac, NAB, ANZ) and two insurers (AMP and National Mutual). It was essentially designed to block the merger between ANZ and National Mutual at the time. Keating believed this arrangement would ensure a competitive banking market. +In 1997, leading business figure Stan Wallis (Businessweek bio) produced a report of his inquiry into Australia's financial system (the Final Report of the Financial System Inquiry, commonly referred to as "the Wallis report.") which recommended that the "Four Pillars" model be dismantled, to leave the banks subject to the same merger competition tests as other businesses. In response, then Coalition Treasurer Peter Costello's removed the pillar status of the two insurers (National Mutual had by that time already been acquired by France's AXA), but the ban on mergers of the remaining four banks was retained, with the rider that none of them were considered immune from foreign takeover. With the change of government, new Treasurer Wayne Swan has stated in 2008, that the Labor government has no plans to dismantle the four pillars policy. +The four pillars policy does not prevent the four major banks from acquiring smaller competitors. For example, in 2000, CBA acquired the Colonial group, which had emerged as a major bank–insurance combine in the 1990s, after the Colonial Mutual insurance group took over State Bank of NSW in 1994. The Commonwealth Bank also acquired the State Bank of Victoria in 1990 and BankWest in 2008. Westpac acquired the Challenge Bank in 1995, the Bank of Melbourne in 1997, and St.George Bank in 2008. +Criticism. +The policy has been criticised for being anti-competitive by ensuring that the four major banks are immune from takeover by the most likely suitors. At the same time, it is credited with insulating the banks from the global financial crisis of 2007–08. The major banks have criticised the policy on the basis that limiting the size of Australian banks makes them less internationally competitive. + += = = Wetzel County, West Virginia = = = +Wetzel County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 14,442 people lived there. Its county seat is New Martinsville. + += = = Wirt County, West Virginia = = = +Wirt County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 5,194 people lived there. Its county seat is Elizabeth. + += = = Wood County, West Virginia = = = +Wood County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 84,296 people lived there. Its county seat is Parkersburg. + += = = Wyoming County, West Virginia = = = +Wyoming County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2020 census, 21,382 people lived there. Its county seat is Pineville. + += = = Quitman County = = = +Quitman County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Kings County = = = +Kings County can mean: + += = = Rush County = = = +Rush County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Summit County = = = +Summit County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Stevens County = = = +Stevens County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Stewart County = = = +Stewart County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Thurston County = = = +Thurston County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Seventh Avenue station = = = +Seventh Avenue is a station on the IND Sixth Avenue Line and IND Queens Blvd Line of the New York City Subway. It is located at the intersection of Seventh Avenue and 53rd Street in Manhattan, it is served by the D and E trains and B train on weekdays. The station is announced 7th Avenue 53rd Street, in the style of other stations that orients east - west along 53rd Street such as 5th Avenue 53rd Street and Lexington Avenue 53rd Street as well to prevent confusion with 7th Avenue along the BMT Brighton Line in Brooklyn, which is also served by the B. +This station is for B, D and E trains. +After this station on the Sixth Avenue Line , the next stations will be 59th Street Columbus Circle and 47th and 50th Streets Rockefeller Center. +After this station on the Queens Blvd Line , the next stations will be 5th Avenue 53rd Street and 50th Street. + += = = Gibson, Georgia = = = +Gibson is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the county seat of Glascock County. + += = = Calhoun, Georgia = = = +Calhoun is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the county seat of Gordon County. + += = = Thomas County = = = +Thomas County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Eastern Condors = = = +Eastern Condors () is a 1987 Hong Kong action movie directed by Sammo Hung, who also starred in the lead role. It stars Yuen Biao, Joyce Godenzi, Yuen Wah, Lam Ching-ying, Yuen Woo-ping, Corey Yuen, Billy Chow and was distributed by Golden Harvest. + += = = Heart of Glass (movie) = = = +Heart of Glass () is a 1976 West German drama movie directed by Werner Herzog and starring Josef Bierbichler, Stefan Güttler, Clemens Scheitz, Sonja Skiba. It was distributed by Werner Herzog Filmproduktion. + += = = Mother, I Love You = = = +Mother, I Love You () is a 2013 Latvian drama movie written and directed by Jānis Nords. It stars Kristofers Konovalovs, Vita Vārpiņa, Matīss Livčāns and Indra Briķe. + += = = Carignan, Quebec = = = +Carignan is a town in Quebec, Canada. In 2016, 9,462 people lived there. + += = = Farnham, Quebec = = = +Farnham is a city in Quebec, Canada. + += = = Stone County = = = +Stone County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Asian Taekwondo Championships = = = +The Asian Taekwondo Championships is organized by the Asian Taekwondo Union. + += = = Kliment Voroshilov = = = +Kliment Yefremovich Voroshilov (Russian: �������� ���������� ����������​) (born 4 February 1881 – died 2 December 1969), was a Soviet military officer and politician during Joseph Stalin's era. He was one of the original five Marshals of the Soviet Union. It is considered the highest military rank of the Soviet Union. +Early life and career. +Voroshilov was born Verkhnyeye, Bakhmut uyezd, Yekaterinoslav. The place is now part of Lysychansk in Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine. He was born into a railway worker's family of Russian ethnicity. According to the Soviet Major General Petro Grigorenko, Voroshilov himself alluded to the heritage of his birth-country, Ukraine, and to the previous family name of "Voroshilo". +Personal life. +He was married to Ekaterina Voroshilova (born Golda Gorbman). She came from a Jewish Ukrainian family from Mardarovka. She changed her name when she converted to Orthodox Christianity in order to be allowed to marry Voroshilov. During Stalin's rule, the couple lived in the Kremlin at the Horse Guards. +Death. +Voroshilov died in 1969 in Moscow and was buried in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis. + += = = Asian Karate Championships = = = +The Asian Karate Championships are the highest level of competition for sport karate in Asia. The competition is held in a different country every two years organized by the Asian Karate Federation (AKF) under the supervision of World Karate Federation (WKF), the largest international governing body of sport karate with over 180 member countries. The federation was formed in 1973 as the APUKO (Asian Pacific Union of Karatedo Organizations). It was renamed AUKO (Asian Union of Karatedo Organizations) in 1992 after the World Karate-Do Organizations (WUKO) was accepted by the IOC. In 1999, in conjunction with the World Federation of Karate-Do Organizations (WUKO) renamed the World Karate Federation (WKF), the federation was renamed the AKF (Asian Karatedo Federation). +Championships. +Seniors Championships. +2003 Asian Karate Championships was unofficial because of 2003 SARS outbreak. +Juniors Championships. +Ages : Cadets 14-16 / Juniors 16-18 / Hopes 18-21 + += = = 2005 Asian Karate Championships = = = +The 2005 Asian Karate Championships are the 7th edition of the Asian Karate Championships. + += = = Jargon File = = = +The Jargon File is a glossary and usage dictionary of slang used by computer programmers. The original Jargon File was a collection of terms from technical cultures such as the MIT AI Lab, the Stanford AI Lab (SAIL) and others of the old ARPANET AI/LISP/PDP-10 communities. It included Bolt, Beranek and Newman, Carnegie Mellon University, and Worcester Polytechnic Institute. It was published in paperback form in 1983 as The Hacker's Dictionary (edited by Guy Steele), revised in 1991 as The New Hacker's Dictionary (ed. Eric S. Raymond; third edition published 1996). +The concept of the file began with the Tech Model Railroad Club (TMRC) that came out of early PDP-1 and TX-0 hackers in the 1950s, where the term hacker emerged and the ethic, philosophies and some of the nomenclature emerged. + += = = Crimean Tatar language = = = +The Crimean Tatar language (which is often simply called Crimean) is spoken by Crimean Tatars who live mostly in the Crimean peninsula. It is one of the Kipchak languages, (which are also called Northwestern Turkic languages), and is unrelated to the Tatar language: Speakers of one language cannot understand people who speak the other. There are about 500,000 native speakers of Crimean. About half of them live on the Crimean peninsula, about 200,000 in Uzbekistan, about 30,000 in Russia, 2,500 in Romania and 600 in Bulgaria. + += = = Nyctimystes = = = +Nyctimystes is a genus of tree frogs in the family Pelodryadidae. Most of them are from Papua New Guinea but some live on the Moluccas islands. Some scientists think "Nyctimystes" should be considered part of "Litoria", another genus of frogs from New Guinea. Other scientists think that it is right to say "Nyctimystes" is its own genus. +All frogs in "Nyctimystes" have marks on their lower eyelids: lines, veins, or dots. Scientists think this helps the frog harder to see so it can hide from larger animals that want to eat it. Scientists tell "Nyctimystes" frogs apart from "Litoria" frogs because "Nyctimystes" frogs have vertical (up and down) pupils in their eyes and "Litoria" frogs have horizontal (side to side) pupils in their eyes. +These frogs live in tropical or subtropical rainforests on mountains. Their eggs are large and scientists have seen many of them laying eggs on underwater objects in fast-flowing creeks and streams, enough that they think all "Nyctimystes" frogs do this. The tadpoles have large sucker-mouths and streamlined bodies with large, muscular tails. All "Nyctimystes frogs" have webbed feet and large discs on their toes for climbing. +Scientists say most "Nyctimystes" frogs became separate species during the Miocene era, about 10 to 22 million years ago. +The name comes from the Greek "nycktos" for "night" and "myst" meaning "mist." Together they refer to "mysteries of the night." +Species. +Many of these frogs are few in number in the wild, and scientists do not know much about most of them. Scientists often write papers saying a frog species should be renamed and moved from "Nyctimystes" into "Litoria" or "Ranoidea", so the list below may change: + += = = Steuben County = = = +Steuben County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Tipton County = = = +Tipton County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Haywood County, North Carolina = = = +Haywood County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. In 2020, 62,089 people lived there. Its county seat is Waynesville. + += = = Valley County = = = +Valley County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Whitley County = = = +Whitley County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Martin County, North Carolina = = = +Martin County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. In 2020, 22,031 people lived there. Its county seat is Williamston. + += = = Nyctimystes avocalis = = = +Nyctimystes avocalis or the loud big-eyed tree frog is small frog from Papua New Guinea. It lives in wetlands far from the ocean. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species says it is vulnerable to extinction. +As of the 1950s, this frog had only been seen on eastern Goodenough Island, about 900 meters above sea level. +The male frog is about 35 mm long from nose to rear end. The frog is gray with brown patches on its back. + += = = Speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad = = = +The Speaker is the Chairperson or Presiding Officer of the National Assembly of Bangladesh. His role is similar to that of the Speaker in other Westminster-style governments. +work. +The Speaker presided over the proceedings of the Parliament. He maintained the order of the meeting. If a member behaves outside the rules, the chairperson can dismiss him. He allowed various motions, including no-confidence motion, adjournment motion, condemnation motion and eye-catching notice as per rules. The chairperson also decides which issues will be discussed in the session. + += = = Shah Abdul Hamid = = = +Shah Abdul Hamid (born 1890 - died 1 May 1972) was a Bangladeshi politician and the first speaker of the Constituent Assembly. +Early life. +Shah Hamid was born in 1890 in the village of Khalsi in Gobindganj, then Rangpur district (now Gaibandha district) of British India. His father's name was Haji Abdul Gaffar Shah and his mother was Rahima Khatun. + += = = Dayman big-eyed tree frog = = = +Dayman big-eyed tree frog ("Nyctimystes daymani") is a frog from southeastern Papua New Guinea. It lives in wetlands far from the ocean. Scientists have only ever seen it on Dayman Mountain in Milne Bay Province, and in Mafulu. It was found about 700 meters above sea level. +The male frog is about 42 mm long from nose to rear end. When dead and preserved, it is brown with darker brown patterns on its back and legs. It has vein patterns on its lower eyelids. When alive, this frog is light brown with a little orange and white spots. It has orange toes. Its belly is very white in color. + += = = Ankit Dane = = = +Ankit Dane (born 1 April 1990) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Madhya Pradesh. He made his first-class cricket debut on 30 October in the 2015–16 Ranji Trophy. He made his List A debut for Madhya Pradesh in the 2016–17 Vijay Hazare Trophy on 28 February 2017. He made his Twenty20 debut for Madhya Pradesh in the 2017–18 Zonal T20 League on 8 January 2018. + += = = Ankit Kalsi = = = +Ankit Kalsi (born 26 September 1993) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Himachal Pradesh. He made his first-class debut for Himachal Pradesh against Services in 2014-15 Ranji Trophy season on 7 December 2014. In August 2019, he was named in the India Red team's squad for the 2019–20 Duleep Trophy. He scored a century and a half century in his Duleep Trophy debut. + += = = Ankit Dabas = = = +Ankit Dabas (born 14 November 1992) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Jharkhand. He made his List A cricket debut on 10 December 2015 in the 2015–16 Vijay Hazare Trophy. He made his Twenty20 debut on 3 January 2016 in the 2015–16 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. + += = = Agailjhara Upazila = = = +Agailjhara Upazila is a part of Barisal district in Bangladesh. +Population. +According to the 2011 census, the total population of Agailjhara Upazila is 149,456. Of these, 72,421 are males and 77,035 are females. The total number of families is 32,839. + += = = Babuganj Upazila = = = +Babuganj is an upazila in the Barisal district of Bangladesh. +population. +According to the 2011 census, the total population of Babuganj upazila is 14,0361. Of these, 67,586 are males and 72,775 are females. Total families 31.663. + += = = Tiloun = = = +Tiloun, stage name of Jean-Michel Ramoune, (c. 1967 – 5 July 2020) was a Réunionese singer. He was born in Saint-Denis, Réunion. Alongside other Réunionese musicians, Tiloun dropped the album "Kas in Poz" in 2011. +Tiloun was active in preservation efforts of the Réunion Creole language, and also donated to agencies researching diabetes. He was also active in efforts to create more humane ways of farming in Réunion. +Tiloun died on 5 July 2020 in Saint-Denis, aged 53. + += = = Maxcanú Municipality = = = +Maxcanú Municipality (in the Yucatec Maya language: “his four monkeys”) is one of the 106 municipalities in the Mexican state of Yucatán. Its seat is the town of Maxcanú. It has an area of 1,321 km2 and is located roughly 52 km southwest of the city of Mérida. + += = = Flossie Wong-Staal = = = +Flossie Wong-Staal (née Wong Yee Ching, ; August 27, 1947July 8, 2020) was a Chinese-American virologist and molecular biologist. She was born in Guangzhou, China. +She was the first scientist to clone HIV and discovered the function of its genes, which was a major step in proving that HIV is the cause of AIDS. From 1990 to 2002, she held the Florence Riford Chair in AIDS Research at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). She was co-founder and, after retiring from UCSD, she became the Chief Scientific Officer of Immusol, which was renamed iTherX Pharmaceuticals in 2007. +Wong-Staal died on July 8, 2020 in La Jolla, California from pneumonia-related problems at the age of 72. + += = = Antonio Krastev = = = +Antonio Krastev (Bulgarian: ������� �������) (1961 – 9 July 2020) was a Bulgarian super heavyweight weightlifter. He was best known for his 1987 heaviest ever snatch in IWF competition, at 216 kg. +He was a two-time World Weightlifting Championships gold medalist and two time European Weightlifting Championships gold medalist, but never competed in the Olympic Games. He was originally supposed to represent Bulgaria at the 1988 Winter Olympics in the superheavyweight category. +He died at the age of 58 in a car accident on 9 July 2020 in Minnesota. + += = = Mahmoud Reda = = = +Mahmoud Reda (; March 18, 1930 – July 10, 2020) was an Egyptian dancer and choreographer. He was best known for co-founding the Reda Troupe. He was born in Cairo. The Reda brothers and Fahmy founded the state-sponsored Reda Troupe in 1959. It was made up of only twelve dancers and twelve musicians. +He died on 10 July 2020, aged 90. + += = = Genevieve Westcott = = = +Genevieve Patricia Westcott (1955 – 10 July 2020) was a Canadian-born New Zealand journalist and television presenter. She was born in Stratford, Ontario. Westcott moved to New Zealand in 1984 and began working on TVNZ's "Eyewitness News" programme. In 1987, she hired for a role for CTV's "W5", Canada's top newsmagazine programme. She was an anchor and correspondent for the programme for two years (1987–88). +Westcott died on 10 July 2020 in Hawke's Bay, New Zealand from breast cancer, aged 65. + += = = Yarra Valley = = = +The Yarra Valley is an area in Victoria, Australia that is near the north-east of Melbourne. The start of the Yarra River is in it. Some towns in the Yarra Valley are Healesville, Yarra Glen, Warburton and Coldstream. It is known for having many wineries. Many tourists from Melbourne go there because it is close to the city. + += = = Lara van Ruijven = = = +Lara Victoria van Ruijven (; 28 December 199210 July 2020) was a Dutch short track speed skater. She was born in Naaldwijk, the Netherlands. +At the 2018 Winter Olympics, she was part of the Dutch 3000 metres relay team that won a bronze medal. She won gold at the World Championships one year later. +Van Ruijven was hospitalized on 25 June 2020 after falling ill from an autoimmune disease in Perpignan, France. She died on 10 July 2020, aged 27. + += = = Alfredo Sirkis = = = +Alfredo Hélio Syrkis (8 December 1950 – 10 July 2020) was a Brazilian writer, environmentalist and politician. He was born in Rio de Janeiro. He ran for president under the Green Party ballot in the 1998 general election. Sirkis was a member of the Chamber of Deputies between 2011 and 2014. +Sirkis was killed in a car crash on 10 July 2020 in Rio de Janeiro, aged 69. + += = = Corra Dirksen = = = +Cornelius Wilhelmus "Corra" Dirksen (22 January 1938 – 10 July 2020) was a South African rugby player. He won 10 caps and scored three tries. He was born in Vereeniging, Union of South Africa. Dirksen made his international debut against Australia in 1963. +He died from COVID-19 on 10 July 2020 in Krugersdorp, South Africa at the age of 82. + += = = Vikas Dubey = = = +Vikas Dubey (196410 July 2020) was an Indian history-sheeter, gangster-turned-politician. He was born in Uttar Pradesh. +The first criminal case against him was registered in the early 1990s, and by 2020 he had over 60 criminal cases against his name. He had been connected to the killing of a Minister of State and in another incident was the main accused in the killing of eight policemen during an attempted arrest. He was finally arrested on 9 July 2020 in Ujjain. He was killed on 10 July 2020, aged 56. + += = = Ferenc Koncz = = = +Ferenc Koncz (2 October 1959 – 10 July 2020) was a Hungarian teacher and politician. He was a member of the National Assembly (MP) for Szerencs (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County Constituency XI) from 2010 to 2014 and for Tiszaújváros (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County Constituency VI) from 2018 until his death. +He was also a Member of Parliament from the Fidesz Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County between 1998 and 2002, and from the party's National List from 2004 to 2006. He was Mayor of Szerencs from 2010 to 2018. He was a member of Fidesz. +Koncz was killed in a car crash on 10 July 2020 in Bekecs, Hungary at the age of 60. + += = = Mike Ryan (catcher) = = = +Michael James Ryan (November 25, 1941 – July 10, 2020) was an American baseball player and coach. He was born in Haverhill, Massachusetts. He played for Major League Baseball between 1964 to 1974. He played for the Boston Red Sox, Philadelphia Phillies and the Pittsburgh Pirates. He coached the Phillies between 1980 to 1995. +Ryan died on July 10, 2020 in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire at the age of 78. + += = = Languages of Australia = = = +Australia has no official language, but the national language of Australia is English. There are also many languages spoken by Indigenous Australians and by different ethnic groups. +English. +The English language was spoken by the British colonists who came to Australia in the 18th and the 19th centuries. It was used in the colonies they started. Most people who live in Australia today speak English. In 2016, 72.7 percent of people living in Australia only spoke English at home. A dialect of English is spoken in Australia, called Australian English. +Indigenous languages. +Indigenous Australians have been living in Australia for at least 50,000 years. There are around 290 to 363 Indigenous languages. They are from around 28 language families and language isolates.< Many of these languages are not spoken any more or by many people because of the use of English. The largest language family is the Pama-Nyungan family, which has 248 languages. +Three Indigenous languages are spoken in the Torres Strait Islands. These languages are Kalaw Lagaw Ya, Meriam Mir and Yumplatok, a creole of Pacific English. Yumplatok is spoken on the islands more than the other languages. +Migrant languages. +Many different languages are spoken by communities of migrants in Australia. In 2016, 22.2 percent of people living in Australia spoke a language other than English at home. In the same year, these were the 10 most spoken languages other than English at home: +In 2011, the most common languages spoken at home other than English were: +Most spoken languages by state (2016). +Below is a series of tables showing the top 5 most spoken languages at home, as well as the percent of the population that speaks only English at home. + += = = Bakerganj Upazila = = = +Bakerganj is an upazila in the Barisal district of Bangladesh. +population. +According to the 2011 census, the total population of Bakerganj upazila is 3,13,845. Of these, 1,48,925 are males and 1,64,920 are females. The total number of families is 71,536 + += = = Upazila = = = +Upazila is a unit in the administrative system of Bangladesh. An upazila is made up of a few villages or unions and a district is made up of a few upazilas. There are 492 upazilas in 64 districts under 8 divisions in Bangladesh. +Etymology. +The word upazila is a combination of Sanskrit and Arabic. The sub is a Sanskrit prefix and the word zila is derived from the Arabic word dila. + += = = AlphaGo = = = +AlphaGo is a computer program that plays the board game Go. It was made by DeepMind Technologies (Google affiliate). This program became famous due to the victories against professional players. +Many new technologies were used to create AlphaGo, including deep learning, optimization, and the Monte Carlo algorithm. +Powered versions. +After the release of AlphaGo, DeepMind Technologies has made powered versions such as the AlphaGo Zero and the AlphaZero: AlphaZero is a self-taught program. This means that it became powerful without human guidance. +Details. +The following table is the summary of AlphaGo achievements (including its variants). +Rivals. +After the appearance of AlphaGo, several research groups have created computer Go programs with similar technical viewpoints. +Darkforest. +This was made by Facebook. The source codes are available on GitHub. +DeepZenGo. +This was made in Japan. Nihon Ki-in was also involved in its research and development. + += = = Santur = = = +Santur () is an Iranian traditional musical instrument. It can also be referred to as santoor or santour. It is usually based on 18 Bridge () on the left and right side (9 in left and 9 on the right). +Santoor has 4 strings in each bridge. It is commonly played with two wooden stick named () which has strings usually either white and yellow. +The three different parts provide different tones where the yellow strings which is often the first position, while the white strings being in the second position and the bridge, and lastly the yellow strings behind the bridge. +History. +The santur was invented and developed in the area of Iran and Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq). From there, the instrument was traded and traveled to different parts of the Middle East. +Each country customized and designed its own versions to adapt to their musical scales and tunings. The original santur was made with tree bark and stones, and strung with goat intestines. +The Mesopotamian santur has been claimed to be the father of the harp, the Chinese yangqin, the harpsichord, the qanun, the cimbalom, and the American and European hammered dulcimers + += = = CTAN = = = +CTAN (Comprehensive TeX Archive Network) is an online collection of open source LaTeX-related files and software (including Beamer). In other words, this network is a LaTeX-only GitHub. +Location. +CTAN is based in the United States, United Kingdom and Germany. They also have several mirror sites (certified clones). Mirror sites are needed in order to avoid access concentration. This effort helps the users to download files without fatal delay. +Similar projects. +CPAN (Comprehensive Perl Archive Network) is the Perl version of CTAN. In the field of statistics, CRAN (Comprehensive R Archive Network) is frequently used. + += = = 59th Street–Columbus Circle station = = = +59th Street - Columbus Circle is a station on the IND Eighth Avenue Line and BMT Broadway - Seventh Avenue Line in the New York City Subway. It can be found at the intersection of 57th Street, 58th Street, 59th Street and 8th Avenue in Midtown Manhattan. It is for the A, C, and 1 trains. +After this station on the Eighth Avenue Line, the next stations will be 72nd Street and 50th Street. +After this on the Seventh Avenue Line, the next stations will be 50th Street and 66th Street - Lincoln Center. + += = = Fifth Avenue–59th Street station = = = +5th Avenue is a station on the BMT Broadway Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of 5th Avenue and 60th Street in Manhattan, it is served by the N, R and W trains. +This station is for N, R and W trains. +Behind the station is Central Park. +After this station, the next stations will be 57th Street 7th Avenue and Lexington Avenue 59th Street. + += = = 49th Street station (BMT Broadway Line) = = = +49th Street is a station on the BMT Broadway Line of the New York City Subway. It can be found at the intersection of 49th Street and 7th Avenue in Midtown Manhattan. It is served by the N, Q, R and W trains. Behind the station is Times Square. +After this station on the Broadway Line, the next stations will be 57th Street Seventh Avenue and Times Square 42nd Street. + += = = Indonesian big-eyed tree frog = = = +The Indonesian big-eyed tree frog ("Nyctimystes fluviatilis") is frog from southeastern Papua New Guinea. It was first found by western scientists when they were camping by the Idenburg River. The scientists who saw it were camping 50 meters above sea level. Later, it was also found by the Wapoga River in West Sepik Province. +The frog is about 50 mm long from nose to rear end. Its front feet are about half webbed and its hind feet have more webbing. When dead and preserved, this frog is light brown with darker spots and some dark stripes on its legs. + += = = Duty Now for the Future = = = +Duty Now For the Future is a 1979 album by Devo. It was their second album. +Songs on the album. +Note: The song "Red Eye" is named "Redeye Express" on most releases by the record company Virgin. + += = = East Hanningfield = = = +East Hanningfield is a village and civil parish in City of Chelmsford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 1095 people living in East Hanningfield. East Hanningfield has a church called All Saints'. + += = = Good Easter = = = +Good Easter is a village and civil parish in City of Chelmsford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 376 people living in Good Easter. Good Easter has a church called St Andrew's, which is on Souther Cross Road. + += = = Anosmia = = = +Anosmia is losing the sense of smell. The word is also used for people who never had this sense. The loss can be temporary, or permanent. The conditions that cause a temporary loss of this sense include: +Smelling things depends on two nerves (Nervus olfactorius and Nervus trigeminus), as well as the part of the brain which processes the information. Damage to this system will affect the sense of smell; permanent damage may lead to a permanent loss of the sense of smell. +There are tests that can be done to find the cause of the problem. +The sense of smell also affects the sense of taste. People who cannot smell have only the basic tastes: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami. +Note also that the sense of smell changes with age. Anosmia can also point to different neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, +Alzheimer's disease, or Schizophrenia. Certain plants, such as tobacco also contain substances which change olfaction. +In general, anosmia which has its cause in the brain cannot be treated. Anosmia which is caused by blocking the nose can be treated by removing the block. In some cases, accupuncture was successfully used to treat anosmia. +Anosmia Causes. +Nasal congestion from a cold, allergy, sinus infection, or poor air quality is the most common cause of anosmia. Other anosmia causes include: + += = = The Boston Post = = = +The Boston Post was a newspaper published in Boston, Massachusetts between 1831 and 1956. It was one of the most popular daily newspaper in New England for over a hundred years. The "Post" was founded in November 1831 by two businessmen: Charles G. Greene and William Beals. By the 1930s, "The Boston Post" had grown to be one of the largest newspapers in the country, with well over a million readers. +During the 1940s, the newspaper faced more and more competition from papers published by William Hearst. More people began listening to the news on radio and television, and the paper's business began to suffer. It stopped being published in October 1956. At the time, it was printing about 255,000 copies of its daily issue, and about 260,000 of its Sunday edition. +Sunday magazine. +In the Sunday paper every week was included a weekly magazine. It was originally called "The Sunday Magazine of "The Boston Sunday Post" and later "The Boston Sunday Post" Sunday Magazine". +"Boston Post" Cane. +The "Boston Post" Cane was an award given by many New England towns to their oldest citizen. It was originally done in 1909, when the newspaper was owned by Edwin A. Grozier. The newspaper had several hundred ornate, gold-tipped canes made, and then given presented in a ceremony to each town's oldest living man. The custom was expanded to include a community's oldest women in 1930. Many towns in New England still carry on the "Boston Post" cane tradition with the original canes they were awarded in 1909. When a recipient dies (or leaves the community), the cane passes to a successor who is the town's next oldest living resident. + += = = Mike Blunden = = = +Michael Blunden (born December 15, 1986, in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian ice hockey right winger. He played for the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Columbus Blue Jackets, and Montreal Canadiens, and Ottawa Senators. +Before he played in the AHL and NHL, Stanton played 4 seasons in the Ontario Hockey League with the Erie Otters. +He was drafted 43rd overall in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft by the Chicago Blackhawks and was signed to a 3-year entry level contract with them on May 24, 2006. He made his debut with the Blackhawks in the 2006–07 NHL season and played 9 games with them but suffered an injury to his shoulder and was ruled out the rest of the season. +On January 10, 2009, he was traded to the Columbus Blue Jackets in exchange for Adam Pineault. +He played a season with the Blue Jackets and was traded to the Montreal Canadiens for Ryan Russell on July 7, 2011. +On June 28, 2014, Blunden was signed as a free agent by the Tampa Bay Lightning to a one-year, two-way contract. + += = = Tommy Kirk = = = +Thomas Lee "Tommy" Kirk (December 10, 1941 – September 28, 2021) was an American actor and businessman. He was best known for his work with the Disney Studios. +Career. +Kirk's Disney career began in 1956 when he played Joe Hardy in "The Mickey Mouse Club" serial "The Hardy Boys: The Mystery of the Applegate Treasure". The Disney movies "Old Yeller" (1957), "The Shaggy Dog" (1959), and "Swiss Family Robinson" (1960) made him a popular teen star. +The Disney Studios dropped Kirk's contract when a woman complained to the Studio about the young actor's relationship with her 15 year old son. He went to American International Pictures. He appeared in their low-budget teen movies such as "Pajama Party" and "How to Stuff a Wild Bikini". +Kirk was arrested for drug possession on Christmas Eve 1964. In 1970, he retired from movies and sought help for his dependency issues. He ran his own carpet and upholstery cleaning business. He wrote, and sometimes acted. Kirk became a Disney Legend on October 9, 2006. +Personal life. +Kirk is openly gay. He was interviewed by the "National Enquirer" of January 2013 and said: "I don't blame anybody but myself and my drug abuse for my career going haywire. I'm not ashamed of being gay, never have been, and never will be. For that I make no apologies. I have no animosity toward anybody because the truth is, I wrecked my own career." +Kirk was born in Louisville, Kentucky. He died at his Las Vegas, Nevada home on September 28, 2021 at the age of 79. + += = = Dianna Agron = = = +Dianna Agron (born April 30, 1986) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for her role in the television series "Glee". She has made many movies. She appeared in movies including "I Am Number Four", "The Romantics", "The Hunters", "The Family", and "Shiva Baby". She was born in Savannah, Georgia. She has also appeared in her own cabaret shows at Cafe Carlyle in New York, NY. + += = = Daniella Monet = = = +Daniella Monet (born March 1, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter and actress. She is best known for playing guest roles on television. She played Trina Vega in the Nickelodeon series "Victorious". Also, she is a vegan and advocates for animal welfare. + += = = Michelle Wie = = = +Michelle Sung Wie (born October 11, 1989) is an American professional golfer. She plays on the LPGA tour. Around age ten, she became the youngest player to qualify for a USGA amateur championship. +Wie was born in Honolulu, Hawaii. + += = = 390 BC = = = +390 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Tribunate of Ambustus, Longus, Ambustus, Fidenas, Ambustus and Cornelius (or, less frequently, year 364 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 390 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. +Events. +<onlyinclude> +By topic. +Architecture. +</onlyinclude> + += = = OS X Mavericks = = = +OS X 10.9 "Mavericks" is an operating system made by Apple Inc. for its Macintosh line of computers. It is a version of OS X, and carries the release number 10.9. It was released on October 22, 2013. According to Apple, "Mavericks" contains over 200 changes and improvements since OS X Mountain Lion. +OS X Mavericks was the first OS X major release to be a free upgrade since Mac OS X 10.1 "Puma". + += = = Margaretting = = = +Margaretting is a village and civil parish in City of Chelmsford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 825 people living in Margaretting. + += = = Mashbury = = = +Mashbury is a village and civil parish in City of Chelmsford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 89 people living in Mashbury. Neighbouring parishes include Chignal, Good Easter and Pleshey. + += = = Rettendon = = = +Rettendon is a village and civil parish in City of Chelmsford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 1351 people living in Rettendon. On December 6, 1995 there were 3 people murdered in Rettendon. + += = = Sniper team = = = +A sniper team (or sniper cell) is made up of one or more snipers and support personnel such as a spotter. Members can sometimes fulfill several roles. The spotter helps to closely observe the targets and their surroundings. The sniper fires the shots. Sometimes there may be extra members in the team, including someone to secure and the team's position, and to communicate with other teams. This third member is known as the flanker. +The spotter finds, watches, and assigns targets, and also watches to see whether the shot has hit or missed the target. They use a specialised telescope to do this. They also make calculations for distance and angle, and try to read the direction and strength of the wind. This is so that the sniper can make adjustments to the aim to make the shot more accurate. +As well as their long-range rifle, a sniper team is usually armed with a shorter-ranged weapon. This is to defend the team in case enemies come in close contact. Equally important is remaining hidden from view. Teams use camouflage, and choose locations where there is something for them to hide behind. + += = = Fatimah = = = +Fatimah (, born 605 or 615 – d. 633) was the youngest daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and Khadija. Fatima's husband was Ali. She is often viewed as an ultimate role model for Muslim women and an example of compassion, generosity, and enduring suffering. The Fatimid Caliphate claimed to be her descendants. Her name and her epithets remain popular choices for Muslim girls. + += = = Julie Benz = = = +Julie Benz (born May 1, 1972 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is an American actress. She works mostly on television programs. She played Darla in the series "Buffy the Vampire Slayer". Benz also acted in some movies, including "Jawbreaker" (1999), "Rambo" (2008) and "Bedrooms" in 2010. + += = = The Parent Trap (1961 movie) = = = +The Parent Trap is a 1961 Walt Disney Productions movie. It stars Hayley Mills, Maureen O'Hara, and Brian Keith. Mills plays identical twins trying to get their divorced parents together again. The movie was based on the book "Lottie and Lisa" ("Das Doppelte Lottchen") by Erich Kästner. The movie was nominated for two Academy Awards. It was shown on television. Three television sequels were made. The original movie was remade in 1998 with Lindsay Lohan. +The Parent Trap (movie from 1998) is about twin girls who didn't know they were sisters. Their parents were separated and each one lived with a twin. The girls came across in the campsite and then they knew they were sisters. +After meeting, the girls changed places to meet the mother or the father. They wanted to live together for ever. + += = = 2013 Santa Monica shooting = = = +On June 7, 2013, a killing spree by a lone gunman occurred in Santa Monica, California, starting with a domestic dispute and subsequent fire at a home, followed by a series of shootings near and on the campus of Santa Monica College. Six people were killed, including the suspect, and four people were injured in the incident. The gunman, 23-year-old John Zawahri, was killed by police officers when he exchanged gunfire with them at the Santa Monica College library. + += = = Water for Elephants (movie) = = = +Water for Elephants is a 2011 American romantic drama movie directed by Francis Lawrence. Richard LaGravenese wrote the screenplay, which was based on Sara Gruen's 2006 novel of the same name. It stars Reese Witherspoon, Robert Pattinson, Hal Holbrook, and Christoph Waltz. + += = = Muslim Patrol = = = +The Muslim Patrol was a gang of British Muslims who attempted to establish Sharia law in parts of the United Kingdom. The gang filmed their activities and posted them on YouTube. They attacked people who had alcohol or drugs, prostitutes, and people who they thought were gay or not wearing enough clothes. Five men were arrested as part of an investigation into the gang. + += = = Powhatan (Native American leader) = = = +Powhatan (1534 - 1618) was the leader of the Powhatan tribe. Powhatan was the leader during the Jamestown Colonization when the English settled in Jamestown in 1607. Powhatan was friendly with the English at the beginning. He traded with them. Powhatan usually sent his daughter Pocahontas to give them corn/maize. But later, Powhatan and his tribe looked at the settlers as invaders. After that, Powhatan did not allow the trading with the English settlers. From 1610-1612, it was known as the Starving Time. His leadership was saved by his brother Opchanacanough. + += = = Dell Rapids, South Dakota = = = +Dell Rapids is a city in the eastern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is in Minnehaha County, about twenty miles north of Sioux Falls, the largest city in South Dakota. It became a city in 1888, and 3,996 people lived there at the 2020 census. + += = = Rock Me (One Direction song) = = = +"Rock Me" is a song by One Direction from their second album "Take Me Home". The song was written by Peter Svensson, Sam Hollander, Lukasz Gottwald, Henry Walter, and Allan Grigg and was produced by Dr. Luke, Cirkut, and Kool Kojak. The song has a mid-tempo beat and a clapping riff reminiscent of "We Will Rock You" by Queen. The song received mixed reviews from critics, some of whom criticized its lyrics and others of whom praised its rock elements and production. "Rock Me" appeared on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 chart. +Background. +"Rock Me" was written in one day by guitar player Peter Svensson of the Swedish band the Cardigans, Sam Hollander, and Allan 'Kool Kojak' Grigg for One Direction's second album "Take Me Home", which was released in November 2012. Grigg began by making a mid-tempo beat. Svensson has said that Hollander "had an idea for a title that's like 'rock me' instead of ‘rock you,’ and the melody just came." Lukasz 'Dr. Luke' Gottwald and Henry 'Cirkut' Walter co-produced the song. +Music and lyrics. +"Rock Me" is a mid-tempo pop rock song. Both "Billboard" and BBC Music said that the song was a departure from One Direction's signature bubblegum pop sound. One Direction's members’ voice ranges on the song span from F4 to C6. The instrumentals feature guitar strings and piano lines. The song is in the key of Ab major, the time signature is common time, and the tempo is a moderate 84 beats per minute. +Critics have also remarked that the song has beat and clapping riff similar to those in Queen's "We Will Rock You". The lyrics have a nostalgic message about a former significant other and a double entendre for sexual intercourse. Regarding the double entendre, Grigg noted, "but at the same time, there's a vulnerability in it that's, like, so sweet for girls. It's a little self-deprecating. There's not a lot of overt machismo in the song.” "I approached it like high school," said Hollander, who wrote lyrics for "Rock Me": "On the first record, they were freshmen, innocent and wide-eyed. Now it's sophomore year, there are parties and driver’s licenses, and the world is theirs for the taking. That's what I wanted to capture." +Critical reception. +Alexis Petridis of "The Guardian" criticized the song as “excruciating” and called the lyrics tedious and uninspiring. "The New Zealand Herald" writer Lydia Jenkin deemed "Rock Me" one of "the most banal songs ever written," but noted that the group "know what teenage girls want to hear." Idolator critic Sam Lansky praised the track as "irresistible" and commended its sonic palette as "explosively punchy." Writing for HitFix, Melinda Newman favored its "nearly hypnotic anthemic" beat, and noted that "Rock Me" seemed perfectly tailored to become a live staple. Ben Rayner of the "Toronto Star" thought the song's Queen references were “clever” and “show[ed] that One Direction’s puppeteers aren't totally operating on autopilot." Robert Copsey from Digital Spy opined that the song's "simple-yet-genius catchiness" was its strongest attribute. "Billboard" reviewer Chris Payne applauded its rock elements, regarding it as a “welcome” deviation from the rest of "Take Me Home"'s bubblegum pop sound. +Chart performance. +During the week of November 18, 2012, "Rock Me" debuted at number one on the US Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart due to very high digital download sales. As a result of an "end-of-year download rush" in the week ending December 30, 2012, the track made it onto the US "Billboard" Hot 100 at number 98, which was its peak position on the chart. + += = = Ballata = = = +Ballata is a type of music that was popular during the Middle Ages. + += = = Watson (computer) = = = +Watson is an artificially intelligent computer system that can answer questions asked in a natural language. It was made by IBM to compete on the American television game show "Jeopardy!". In February 2011, Watson played as a contestant on "Jeopardy!" against past champions Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter. Watson won the first place prize of $1 million. It was named after Thomas J. Watson, who was the chairman and chief executive officer of IBM from 1914 to 1956. +During a game, Watson had access to 200 million pages of content, including the full text of Wikipedia. Sources of information for Watson included encyclopedias, dictionaries, thesauri, news articles, and books. It was not connected to the internet, meaning that it had to use what was in its system to answer clues. For each clue, Watson's three most likely responses were displayed on the television screen along with its amount of confidence in those answers. If its confidence in a response was high enough, it would ring in to give the response. +After "Jeopardy!", Watson continued to be part of IBM's research in artificial intelligence. On new problems such as medical records and genetics, Watson technology was unable to compete with new methods such as deep learning. + += = = Pore (skin) = = = +A pore is an opening in the surface of the skin. A pore leads to a sebaceous gland that lets out oil to lubricate and protect the skin. It also lets some water out, which helps in temperature regulation (homoiothermy). + += = = Mil Mi-1 = = = +The Mil Mi-1 (Russian: ��� ��-1; NATO reporting name: Hare) is a Soviet civilian and military helicopter. It was the first one built in a series in the USSR. It was built under licence in Poland as SM-1. +Users. +Civilians. +Countries using civilians Mil Mi-1 were: Czechoslovakia, Poland, Romania, and the USSR. +Militaries. +Countries using militaries Mil Mi-1 were : Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Bulgaria, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Egypt, Finland, Hungary, Iraq, Mongolia, North Korea, Poland, Romania, USSR, Sudan, Syria, and Vietnam. + += = = Melancholic depression = = = +Melancholic depression is a subtype of clinical depression. It is biologically based and rather severe. It is mainly associated under unipolar depression, though sometimes under bipolar disorder. This condition is often triggered by stress issues. + += = = Risperidone = = = +Risperidone (which is also marketed as Risperdal) refers to an extremely potent antipsychotic drug that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia, autism spectrum matters and bipolar disorder. Side effects of Risperidone include although are not limited to unwanted weight gain and metabolic troubles like high blood sugar. It was first approved in 1994. + += = = Haloperidol = = = +Haloperidol (also marketed as Haldol) is an antipsychotic medication. It is most commonly used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar mania, acute psychosis, and tics in Tourette syndrome. Haloperidol works by blocking the effects of dopamine in certain parts of the brain. +Some of the possible side effects of haloperidol include drowsiness, constipation, weight gain and dry mouth. In rare cases, Haloperidol can cause movement disorders, such as shuffling gait or tardive dyskinesia (involuntary movements of the face). + += = = Madge Bellamy = = = +Madge Bellamy (June 30, 1899 – January 24, 1990) was an American stage and movie actress. She was born Margaret Derden Philpott in Hillsboro, Texas. She came from a good home, but ran away at 17 to become an actress and dancer in New York City. +She was featured in several roles, and made her first movie "Passing Thru" in 1920. After a dispute with Fox Films in 1929, she lost work. She returned to the screen in B-movies in 1932. She is probably best known today for playing Madeline in the horror movie "White Zombie" opposite Bela Lugosi. +In 1943, she was involved in a scandal with a rich married man. She was accused of shooting at him. Charges were dropped but her career was damaged. She made her last screen appearance in "Northwest Trail" in 1945. +The rest of her life was passed mostly in poverty. She sold tools in a store and was an unsuccessful novelist. She died in Upland, California of heart failure. Her autobiography was published shortly after her death. Her only marriage was brief and childless. + += = = Degory Priest = = = +Degory Priest ( 1579–1621) was a passenger on the voyage of the "Mayflower" in 1620. He signed the Mayflower Compact. +The name of Digory Priest or Prust is common in Devon, Cornwall and London England. +Priest was a member of the Separatists church. This religion was not allowed in England and many people moved to Leiden Netherlands Priest was one of those families. +Priest was a hat-maker from London. There are many legal documents in Leiden which show that he was born in 1579. In 1611 Priest married a widow named Sarah Vincent. Sarah was a sister of "Mayflower passenger" Isaac Allerton. Priest's became a citizen of Leiden on November 16, 1615 with Isaac Allerton and Roger Wilson. +On June 28, 1617 Priest asked two men to sign a legal document that said that he had not hit John Cripps but only “touched his Jabot”. This was the frill on the front of his shirt. +Leiden records show that Degory Priest was a witness to a statement signed on January 18, 1618. The statement was signed by Tailor Isaac Allerton. It was about the cost of a crimson coat. +On April 9, 1619, Degory Priest and Samuel Lee signed a document for Nicholas Claverly, a Tobacco pipe maker. This document was a promise for Claverly's good behavior. Claverly had arrived in Leiden about 1615 and lived in a house owned by Degory Priest. +Records show that on May 3, 1619 Degory Priest was a witness to a document signed by Richard Tyrill. Priest said that Nicholas Claverly was not connected with the murder of Tyrill’s brother John Tyrill. +On the "Mayflower". +Priest came alone of the "Mayflower". His family came over later in another ship. +Priest left Plymouth, England on 16 September 1620. There were 102 passengers and 30–40 crew. On 19 November 1620, the "Mayflower" reached land at Cape Cod hook. They landed on November 21. They wrote the Mayflower Compact, which made rules on how they would live and treat each other. Degory was one of the signers. The "Mayflower" was supposed to land in the Colony of Virginia, but the ship was too damaged and they were forced to land at Cape Cod now called Provincetown Harbor. +William Bradford wrote that seven men died soon after the ship landed. “Digerie Preist” was among them. Bradford said that all these died soon after their arrival in the general sickness. He added that Priest’s had his wife and children were sent for because she was Mr. Allerton's sister. +Degory Priest married Sarah Vincent on November 4, 1611. She was a widow. They had two daughters. Their names were Marah and Sarah. Sarah Priest married a second time. His was also a hat-maker from Leiden. Their burial places are unknown. +Priest died early in the first winter, on January 1, 1621 of the “general sickness”. He was 42 years of age. He was buried in an unmarked grave. This was the custom that first winter of 1620–1621. His name appears on the Pilgrim Memorial Tomb, located on Cole's Hill in Plymouth. + += = = John Harron = = = +John Harron (March 31, 1903 – November 24, 1939) was an American actor. He was born in New York City. He died in Seattle, Washington from spinal meningitis when he was 36 years old. He appeared in 167 movies between 1918 and 1940. +Personal life. +Harron married an actress called Betty Westmore in 1929. They had one child. + += = = Har Gobind Khorana = = = +Har Gobind Khorana (Sindhi: ��� ����� �����) (also known as Hargobind Khorana; 9 January 1922 – 9 November 2011) was a biochemist. He shared the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley. +He worked in Madison, Columbia, and Boston. +Their work was on the order of nucleotides in nucleic acids. Each triplet of nucleotides codes for a particular amino acid. Therefore the nucleic acid sequence controls how proteins are built. Khorana was the first to build a synthetic gene, in 1970. This helped a lot, with decoding the genetic code, which is based on amino acids. + += = = Thomas Rogers = = = +Thomas Rogers(1572winter 1620/21) Rogers and his oldest son travelled on the "Mayflower" in 1620 and signed the Mayflower Compact. +Thomas Rogers was born near Watford, England. He was the son of William and Elanor Rogers. +The family moved to Leiden Netherlands from England after 1613 because they were Separatists areligion which became illegal in England. +Rogers purchased a house and became a citizen of Leiden. He was a merchant of camlet, a luxury fabric made from silk and camel’s hair. The Rogers family were very poor. +"Mayflower" voyage. +Rogers and his 18-year-old son, Joseph left Plymouth, England on 16 September 1620. There were 102 passengers and 30–40 crew. On 19 November 1620, the "Mayflower" reached land at Cape Cod hook. They landed on November 21. They wrote the Mayflower Compact, which made rules on how they would live and treat each other. Thomas Rogers signed the Mayflower Compact. +The "Mayflower" was supposed to land in the Colony of Virginia, but the ship was too damaged and they were forced to land at Cape Cod now called Provincetown Harbor. +In Plymouth Colony. +Rogers and his wife had six children. Theie names were Thomas, Richard and Joseph, John, Elizabeth and Margaret. Thomas and Richard died young. Joseph became a well known person in Plymouth Colony. +Rogers died in the winter of 1620/21. His son Joseph went to live with Governor Bradford and his family. William Bradford wrote: “Thomas Rogers died in the first sickness, but his son Joseph is still living, and is married, and has six children. The rest of Thomas Rogers (children) came over, and now are married, and have many children.” +Rogers was buried in an unmarked grave as were most of the Mayflower passengers who died in the first winter. The name of Thomas Rogers is on the Pilgrim Memorial Tomb on Cole's Hill. + += = = Bridgestone Arena = = = +The Bridgestone Arena is a sports arena in Nashville, Tennessee. The arena opened on December 18, 1996, and is the current home to the Nashville Predators of the National Hockey League (NHL). +The arena is formerly known as Nashville Arena, Gaylord Entertainment Center, and Sommet Center. +The arena was also home to the Nashville Kats of the Arena Football League from 1997 until 2001 when the franchise was sold and was moved to Georgia to become the Georgia Force. The team was reincarnated and played in the Gaylord Entertainment Center from 2005 to 2007. +Aside from sports, the arena has also hosted the CMA Awards and CMT Music Awards. +Bridgestone currently has naming rights for the arena. The arena currently seats 19,395 for basketball and 17,113 for ice hockey. It used to hold 17,298 from 1996 to 1999. + += = = John Billington = = = +John Billington ( 1580September 30, 1630) and his family were passengers on the "Mayflower" in 1620. He was one of the signers of the Mayflower Compact. Billington was hanged in Plymouth Colony in 1630. +The Billington family was from England. He had a wife, Elinor and two sons, John and Francis. +"Mayflower" Voyage. +Billington and his family left Plymouth England on 16 September 1620. There were 102 passengers and 30–40 crew. On 19 November 1620, the "Mayflower" saw land. They were supposed to land in the Colony of Virginia, but the ship was damaged so they landed at Cape Cod now called Provincetown Harbor. +They wrote the Mayflower Compact, which made rules on how they would live and treat each other. Billington was a signer to the document. +Life in Plymouth colony. +Shortly after they landed, Francis went exploring and discovered a large body of water that is now called Billington Sea. +The family were Plymouth Colony's troublemakers. Billington's son, Francis, fired a musket on the "Mayflower". In March 1621 Billington was punished because he did not to obey Myles Standish the military leader. He would do this many times. In May 1621 John Billington (the younger) became lost in the woods for many days and was returned home by some Native Americans. In 1625 Governor Bradford wrote a letter to Robert Cushman and said "Billington still says many things against you. He is a bad man, and always will be". In 1636, wife was punished and made to sit in the stocks for saying bad things about John Doane. +Death of John Billington. +Billington was hanged for the murder of John Newcomen in 1630. He was about 50 years old. This was the first execution in Plymouth Colony. His burial place is unknown. + += = = John Crackston = = = +John Crackston ( 1575 – c. 1620/21), also spelled as John Craxston or Crakstone, was an English Separatist from the Netherlands who came with his son John on the voyage of the Pilgrim ship "Mayflower". He signed the Mayflower Compact. +English origins. +Separatists were people who rejected the Church of England. These other beliefs were not allowed in England. +Crackston's birth year is of about 1575. It is based on a document made when his daughter married. It is believed that he moved to the Netherlands from Colchester in co. Essex, England from another document. In the 1618 Leiden marriage of his daughter Anna, she is said to be from Colchester. +In Leiden. +The name of John Crackston, in Leiden Netherlands, first appears in legal documents on June 16, 1616, when, along with fellow Mayflower passenger Moses Fletcher, he witnessed a promise of marriage of Zachariah Barrow. +Crackston’s daughter Anna (Anne) married Thomas Smith in Leiden on December 12, 1618. In the records Anna is described as being a unmarried women from Colchester in England. At her wedding was her friend Patience Brewster. She would also be a "Mayflower" passenger. Patience would die of a fever in Plymouth in 1634 as the first wife of Plymouth Colony Governor Thomas Prence. +Mayflower voyage. +In 1620 John Crackston came to the Mayflower with other church members from Leiden and in the company of his son John. It is believed that his wife, name unknown, may have been died. His daughter Anna had married in 1618 and did not accompany them. +William Bradford, wrote in 1651, Crackston and his son John embarked on the Mayflower +John Crackston and his son left Plymouth, England on 16 September 1620. There were 102 passengers and 30–40 crew. On 19 November 1620, the "Mayflower" reached land at Cape Cod hook. They landed on November 21. They wrote the Mayflower Compact, which made rules on how they would live and treat each other. The "Mayflower" was supposed to land in the Colony of Virginia, but the ship was too damaged and they were forced to land at Cape Cod now called Provincetown Harbor. +John Crackston was a signatory to the Mayflower Compact. On that document, he signed his name as “John Craxton.” His son John Jr. was apparently not yet twenty-one years of age and did not sign the Compact. +Family of John Crackston. +Crackston first wife's name is not known. +Children of John Crackston and his first wife: +Death and burial of John Crackston. +John Crackston (Sr.) died in the winter of 1620, wrote Governor William Bradford. Bradford said it was after he got lost in the woods and his feet became frozen and he got a fever. The exact date is unknown. As with most passengers who died that winter, he was most likely buried in an unmarked grave in Cole's Hill Burial Ground, Plymouth. Cractston's name is spelled “John Craxston Sr.” on the Tomb. + += = = Waterloo International railway station = = = +Waterloo International was the first London station for Eurostar trains to France and Belgium. It was treated as a separate station to the main station at London Waterloo, but its 5 platforms were numbered 20 to 24. In 2007 it closed and all Eurostar trains now run from St Pancras International railway station. The platforms are no longer used, but South West Trains now plans to use at least one of the platforms when it starts running trains with 10 carriages in late 2013. + += = = Annie (movie) = = = +Annie is a 1982 musical movie based on the Broadway musical play of the same name and Harold Gray's 1924 comic strip characters and concepts. The movie stars Aileen Quinn as Annie, Albert Finney as Daddy Warbucks, Tim Curry, Bernadette Peters, and Carol Burnett. The movie received mixed reviews. Annie (franchise). + += = = The Twelve Imams = = = +The Twelve Imams (, '; , ') are leaders and the sucessors of Prophet Muhammad for the Twelver branch of Shī‘ah Islam. +According to Twelver Shia Muslims these twelve guiders are authorized by Allah for the guidance of Muslims and for protection of Islam and they are infallible (sinless). It is said by Twelver Shia Muslims that the Twelve Imams were foretold in the in the sayings of Muhammad. +It is believed by Twelver Shia Muslims that these Imams have the knowledge of each and every thing which is told them by God. Ali was the first Imam of this line every Imam was the son of the previous Imam, except Husayn ibn Ali who was the brother of Hasan ibn Ali. The last Imam is Imam al-Mahdi, who is alive and will appear in the end times. + += = = Dvergr = = = +Dvergar or Norse dwarves (Old Norse "dvergar", singular "dvergr") are creatures in Norse mythology. They are associated with rocks, the earth, craft and metal work, wisdom, and greed. The dwarves came from maggots that formed on Ymir's skin as he was killed by Odin, Vé and Vili. Odin transformed the maggots into dwarves. It is said that dwarves are blacksmiths and built weapons for war between the gods. Some say that dwarves and elves are the same thing. + += = = Popeye (movie) = = = +Popeye is a 1980 musical movie based on the characters and concepts created in E. C. Segar's "Thimble Theatre" comic strip. The movie starred Robin Williams (his movie debut) as Popeye, Paul Dooley as Wimpy, Paul L. Smith as Bluto, Ray Walston as Poopdeck Pappy, and Shelley Duvall as Olive Oyl. It received mixed reviews. + += = = Hasan ibn Ali = = = +Hasan ibn Ali (Hasan, son of Ali) (born in March 4, 625 CE died in March 9 or 30, 670 CE). was an Alid political and religious leader. He was the son of Ali and his wife Fatimah. After the death of his father, Hasan was chosen the caliph by a group of Muslims in Kufa. He was not accepted as the caliph by the Umayyad leader Mu'awiya. Both signed a peace treaty around August 661 and Mu'awiya became the sole caliph of the Muslim community. Hasan was also a member of Ahl al-Bayt. + += = = Revolt of the Zombies = = = +Revolt of the Zombies is a 1938 horror movie. It was directed and produced by brothers Victor and Edward Halperin. It stars Dean Jagger and Dorothy Stone. It was conceived as a sequel to the Halperins' 1932 "White Zombie". "Revolt" is regarded as a disappointment. + += = = Ymir = = = +In Norse mythology, Ymir (also Aurgelmir, Brimir, or Bláinn) is the ancestor of all jötnar. He is described in the Poetic Edda and in the Prose Edda. Ymir was killed by Odin, Vé and Vili. From Ymir's body they made seven worlds. Bïfrost and dwarves evolved from maggots by burrowing into Ymir's dead body.From that, dwarves can punch dents and burrow into rock. Upon Ymir's defeat, the three brother's crafted the Earth and Heavens from his body, the oceans from his sweat, (some cases from his blood) the trees were crafted from his hair, his eyebrows were used to make Midgard (one of the nine worlds), his bones made the mountains, his skull is what formed the sky, and from his brains they created the clouds. + += = = Thomas Tinker = = = +Thomas Tinker ( 1581–1620/21) and his wife and son were Separatists from the Netherlands who travelled on the Pilgrim Ship "Mayflower" in 1620. Separatists were people who did not belong to the Church of England. +Early life. +Most scholars believe that Tinker was born in 1581 in Norfolk, England. He moved to Leiden and became a citizen there in the early 1600s. He married in 1609 and had one son. +On the "Mayflower". +Tinker, his wife and son left Plymouth, England on 16 September 1620. There were 102 passengers and 30–40 crew. On 19 November 1620, the "Mayflower" reached land at Cape Cod hook. They landed on November 21. They signed the Mayflower Compact, which made rules on how they would live and treat each other. The "Mayflower" was supposed to land in the Colony of Virginia, but the ship was too damaged and they were forced to land at Cape Cod now called Provincetown Harbor. Thomas Tinker was a signer to the "Mayflower Compact". +Death of Thomas Tinker and his family. +Bradford wrote they "died in the first sickness". That was in December 1620 or January 1621. Thomas Tinker and his son was buried in Cole's Hill Burial Ground in Plymouth, with many passengers who died in the early days. The place of Tinker's wife grave is unknown. + += = = Torture Ship = = = +Torture Ship is a 1939 American movie directed by Victor Halperin. The movie is about a mad scientist who performs experiments on captured criminals aboard his private ship. It stars Lyle Talbot as Lt. Bob Bennett, Irving Pichel as Dr. Herbert Stander, and Julie Bishop as Joan Martel. The movie is based on Jack London's short story, "A Thousand Deaths". + += = = Dog coat = = = +A dog's coat is the hair covering its body. A dog can have a "double coat" that has short, soft hair underneath a layer of long, coarse hair, or a "single coat" that has only the long, coarse hair. A dog's coat may also be called hair or fur. +Four main coat attributes. +Dog coats can come in many different colors, patterns, lengths, and textures. +Coat colors. +Dog coats come in four main colors: black, brown, white, and red. The same main color can have many shades. These shades are sometimes common enough that they are given their own color names, such as gold, yellow, cream, blue, and grey. +There may be several of these colors on one dog. +Coat patterns. +Dog coats can also have many different patterns based on spots, patches, and mixing colors. +Coat lengths and textures. +A dog's coat can be long or short. For most dogs, their hair reaches one length and then stops growing, but there are some dogs whose hair will keep growing longer and longer. +Some breeds of dog do not grow hair on parts of their bodies. These dogs are called "hairless". Examples of "hairless" dogs are the Xoloitzcuintli (Mexican Hairless Dog), the Peruvian Inca Orchid (Peruvian Hairless Dog) and the Chinese Crested. + += = = FMA IA-58 Pucará = = = +The FMA IA-58 Pucará is an Argentine military aircraft. It is a twin-turboprops attack aircraft built in all-metal. +Operational history. +Falklands War. +Argentina Air Force used the Pucarà for attacks against Port Stanley and the British Army and the Royal Navy. Several of them were shot down by Sea Harrier and British commandos. +Sri Lanka Civil War. +Sri Lanka used the Pucarà against the Tamils Tigers. +Users. +Argentina, Colombia, Sri Lanka, and Uruguay used this aircraft. Some are enough actives in Argentina in 2013. United Kingdom used one aircraft for trials, it was captured by British commandos. + += = = Orpheus = = = +Orpheus is a hero in Greek mythology. When he played his lyre the world would sway to the music. It was noted he could charm mortals, Gods and even stones with his music. He was the son of a Muse. He was a companion of Jason and the Argonauts. +Orpheus was married to a dryad named Eurydice. In one version of the myth, while trying to get away from a satyr Eurydice was bitten by a snake and went to Hades. Orpheus rode the ferry across the river Styx to bring her back from the underworld. He played his lyre to make Cerberus fall asleep, and moved the wife of Hades, Persephone, with his music. She said he could take Eurydice back to the upper world if he didn't look back at Eurydice until they both got back up to the land of mortals. Racked by doubt, he did look back just before reaching the upper world, and so she was returned to the realm of Hades forever. He was killed by a group of Maenads when they became tired of his mournful music over Eurydice, and his head was cast into the sea. + += = = Ludmilla Tourischeva = = = +Ludmilla Ivanovna Tourischeva (Russian: �������� ��������� ���������; also transliterated as Ludmilla Turischeva, Ludmilla Tourischcheva, and Ljudmila Turichtchieva, born 7 October 1952) is a Russian former gymnast. She won nine Olympic medals for the Soviet Union. She also won the World Championships all-around gold in 1970 and 1974. +She was known for her calmness. In the 1975 World Cup in London, the uneven bars broke and fell as she was landing. She saluted the judges and left the floor without even turning to see the damage. She won all gold medals for the Cup including the all-around medal. Her trainer Vladislav Rastorotsky said about her: "Ljudmila would fight to death in any situation". +Tourischeva was also known for her graciousness. At the 1976 Olympics, she walked around the podium to personally congratulate champion Nadia Comăneci. Tourischeve shook Comăneci's hand before accepting her own medal. +In 1977, she married sprinter Valeriy Borzov. He was a two-time Olympic champion in 1972. Tourischeva keeps involved in gymnastics as a coach and an international judge. +Ludmilla Tourischeva is 1 of only 2 women to win the grand slam of all-around titles: Olympics, World Championships, World Cup, and European Championships. Yelena Shushunova is the other. + += = = Permafrost = = = +In geology, permafrost is soil that stays frozen all year. To be called permafrost, soil must stay at or below for two or more years. Permafrost is also called cryotic soil. Most permafrost is on land close to the North and South poles. Other permafrost is found in high mountain areas. When permafrost melts, carbon dioxide is released which can be bad for the environment. + += = = Eva Green = = = +Eva Green (born July 6, 1980) is a French actress and model. She acts in movies and in television series. She played Vesper Lynd in the 2006 James Bond movie "Casino Royale". Green was born in Paris. + += = = Maggie Lawson = = = +Margaret Cassidy "Maggie" Lawson (born August 12, 1980) is an American actress. She acts mostly on television. She played Juliet O'Hara in the hit series "Psych". She played Alexa in "Party of Five". Lawson was born in Louisville, Kentucky. + += = = Conair Firecat = = = +The Conair Firecat is a water bomber built in Canada from the American twin-engine Grumman S-2 Tracker. A modernized variant, called Turbo Firecat use two turboprops. This kind of aircraft is still active in 2013 in Canada, France, and the United States. +It can carry 3395 litres of water inside the bomb bay. + += = = Emily Rose = = = +Emily Rose Maier (born February 2, 1981) is an American actress. She acts mainly on television. She played Elena Fisher in the "Uncharted" video games. She plays multiple characters in the Syfy series "Haven". Rose was born in Renton, Washington. + += = = Monal = = = +A monal is a bird of the genus Lophophorus of the pheasant family, Phasianidae. The type species of this genus is the Himalayan monal ("Lophophorus impejanus"). +All the adult males have very atractive and shiny feathers of different colors (colors appearing to be made of a metal). The females and the young males do not have feathers with many colors; they are reddish brown with some white parts. +Their diet consists of insects and plant parts such as roots, tubers, bulbs and seed. +They live in the rhododendron forests in the high altitudes of the Himalayas and of Sichuan (China). +Due to habitat destruction and hunting, they have already become quite rare and threatened in their existence. +There are three species and three subspecies within the genus "Lophophorus": + += = = Channel drift = = = +Channel drift, also called network decay, is when a television channel moves away from its original shows to get a new audience, or to get higher ratings. It often involves a move from shows aimed at viewers that know a lot about the channel's subject to shows aimed at a wider audience. Most examples of channel drift have a channel add infotainment or reality shows to their schedule. +A well-known example of channel drift is MTV. When it started in 1981, MTV was a channel that showed music videos. In the 1990s, it started adding entertainment and reality shows aimed at a young adult audience. This was the start of a move towards the channel's current focus on shows aimed at adolescents and young adults. + += = = Sarah Clara Smith = = = +Sarah Clara Smith (1851–1947) was an American teacher and missionary from New York state. She started Smith Girls' School (now called Hokusei Gakuen Girls Junior High/High School ( "Hokusei Gakuen Joshi Chugaku Koutou Gakkou") in 1887 in Sapporo, Japan. +Early life in Japan. +Smith came to Tokyo in 1880 with her missionary group, Association of Presbyterian Mission International. In 1883, she became sick from the weather, so she went north to Sapporo, Hokkaido. She became healthy again because the weather was like the weather in New York. +Smith Girls' School. +Smith wanted to start a Christian school in Sapporo because it was a new town. Sapporo didn't have many churches then. But her group didn't give her money, so she went to Hakodate. Hakodate was bigger than Sapporo. In 1886, she got an English teaching job at the Public Teacher’s College of Sapporo. The next year, she could start a Christian school by herself. It was called Smith Girls' School ( "Sumisu Joshi Gakkou"). +Farming and Lilacs. +In the Meiji Era (1868–1912), Hokkaido was a new land in Japan. Also the land was big, so there were many farms. Most schools were farming schools. Smith Girls' School had some farming and Christian education. In 1890, Smith introduced lilacs to Sapporo from the United States. Now, lilac is the official tree of Sapporo and the city has a lilac festival every year in downtown Odori Park. + += = = UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying Group D = = = +This page shows the standings and results for Group D of the UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying tournament. +Key: + += = = UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying Group F = = = +This page shows the standings and results for Group F of the UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying tournament. +Key: + += = = Gastroenterology = = = +Gastroenterology is a special type of medicine. It is about the digestive system. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are the focus. The tract includes the organs from mouth to anus. +Physicians in this type of medicine are called gastroenterologists. + += = = Great Observatories program = = = +The Great Observatories program is four large, powerful space-based telescopes. They are a series of satellites placed by NASA. Each Space observatory has been important to astronomy. + += = = House of Usher = = = +House of Usher is a 1960 American International Pictures horror movie. It stars Vincent Price, Myrna Fahey, Mark Damon, and Harry Ellerbee. The movie was directed by Roger Corman. The screenplay was written by Richard Matheson. It is based on the short story "The Fall of the House of Usher" by Edgar Allan Poe. +"House of Usher" was the first of eight Corman movies based on Poe's stories. The movie is also known as "Fall of the House of Usher" and "The Mysterious House of Usher". In 2005, the movie was listed with the United States National Film Registry as being deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant." + += = = Alberto Sordi = = = +Alberto Sordi (15 June 1920 – 24 February 2003) was an Italian actor, voice actor, singer, composer, comedian, director and screenwriter.Sordi won seven David di Donatello awards. It is Italy's most honorable movie award. He also received a Golden Lion for lifetime achievement at the Venice Film Festival in 1995. He also won a Golden Globe Award. + += = = Jessica Cauffiel = = = +Jessica Cauffiel (born March 30, 1976) is an American actress and singer. She works in movies and television. She played Tatiana in the television series "My Name Is Earl". She also played Margot in the comedy movie "Legally Blonde". + += = = The Saga of the Viking Women and Their Voyage to the Waters of the Great Sea Serpent = = = +The Saga of the Viking Women and Their Voyage to the Waters of the Great Sea Serpent is a 1957 movie. It is also known as "The Viking Women and the Sea Serpent". It was directed by Roger Corman. It stars Abby Dalton, Susan Cabot, and June Kenney. The movie is about Viking women who build a ship to search for their missing menfolk. + += = = Annie Parisse = = = +Anne Marie Cancelmi (better known as Annie Parisse; born July 31, 1975) is an American television and movie actress. She also does stage plays. She played Alexandra Borgia in the television drama "Law & Order". +Cancelmi was born in Anchorage, Alaska. + += = = Blu Cantrell = = = +Tiffany Cobb (also known as Blu Cantrell; born March 16, 1976) is an American singer-songwriter and a musician who has carried several hit singles. She released a debut album, "So Blu", near 2001 which was a hit. Other albums then followed. Cantrell was born in Charleston, West Virginia. + += = = Angela Davis = = = +Angela Yvonne Davis (born January 26, 1944 in Birmingham, Alabama) is an African American political activist and author. She first became famous because she was a prominent member of the Communist Party of the United States (CPUSA) and was involved in Black Power movements in the 1960s and 1970s. Since then she has become known for her work as a writer and speaker while teaching at the University of California. She has done research in the areas of feminism and critical theory and is a prison abolitionist. +Davis grew up in Alabama, then went to college at Brandeis University and University of California, San Diego. She was involved in activism from her youth. After becoming a Doctor of Philosophy in Germany, she returned to the US and began teaching as a professor. In 1969, she was fired from teaching for being a member of the Communist Party. A judge decided it was an illegal firing and the school eventually hired her back. +In 1970 she was put in prison by FBI agents. Some black revolutionaries tried to break their allies out of prison by kidnapping a white judge and some jurors in Marin County, but the police didn't let them get away and the revolutionaries and judge were shot to death. The FBI suspected that she bought the gun one of the revolutionaries used and decided to accuse her of the murder of the judge. In 1971 she appeared at the Marin County Superior Court and said, "I now declare publicly before the court, before the people of this country that I am innocent of all charges which have been leveled against me by the state of California." She was released from jail in 1972. Ronald Reagan said that she should never be allowed to teach at a California university. The English rock band The Rolling Stones recorded a song called "Sweet Black Angel" that was on their 1972 album "Exile on Main St." and dedicated to Davis. +In the 1990s, she left the Communist Party and began to focus her activism on prisons. She gave a speech in 1997 called "The Prison Industrial Complex". In it she said "prisons are becoming an integral part of the US economy." She said that fear of young people of color was being exploited to create a fast-growing industry, the prison-industrial complex (PIC). She created a prison abolitionist group called Critical Resistance in the same year. She wants there to be no prisons or police because she believes that the US prison system is more like a new form of slavery than a criminal justice system. +Since she started focusing on prisons, she has also supported Democrats like Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton, and Joe Biden in presidential elections. +Davis is Distinguished Professor Emerita at the University of California, Santa Cruz. +She was married to Hilton Braithwaite in the 1980s. + += = = Connie Booth = = = +Connie Booth (born December 2, 1940, Indianapolis, Indiana) is an American actress, writer and psychotherapist. She has appeared on British and American television. She played Polly Sherman in the popular 1970s sitcom "Fawlty Towers". Booth ended her acting career 1995. She began working as a psychotherapist in the late 1990s. +Booth married John Cleese in 1968. Their daughter, actress Cynthia Cleese, was born in 1971. The couple divorced in 1978. Booth has been married to critic John Lahr since 2000. + += = = Little Iodine = = = +Little Iodine was a popular comic strip published in the United States on Sundays. It was created by Jimmy Hatlo. It was published from 1943 until 1985. +The story is about a girl called "Little Iodine". She first appeared in an earlier comic strip by Hatlo, called "They'll Do It Every Time". She was the daughter of the strip's main character, Henry Tremblechin. She constantly annoyed her father with pranks and practical jokes. The character of Iodine became very popular, so Hatlo promoted the character into her own strip in 1943. +Iodine's antics were on the Sunday comics page for over forty years. It came before "Dennis the Menace". From 1943 to 1963, "Little Iodine" was written and drawn by Hatlo. +Movie adaptations. +A movie based on the comic strip was released in 1946. It was by Comet Productions. The 56-minute movie stars Jo Ann Marlowe as Little Iodine, Hobart Cavanaugh as her father Henry, and Irene Ryan as her mother Cora. +In the movie, Iodine thinks that her mother is having an affair with Professor Simkins (played by Leon Belasco). She tries one antic after another to break up the couple. Her efforts backfire when they cause conflict between her father and his employer, Mr. Bigdome (Emory Parnell). +The movie was planned to be released earlier than October 20, 1946 (its actual distribution date), but that date was delayed due to an epidemic of polio that prevented children across the United States from attending movies. The movie is believed to be lost. + += = = LisaGay Hamilton = = = +LisaGay Hamilton (born March 25, 1964 in Los Angeles) is an American actress, movie director and producer. She has performed in movies, television shows and theater. She played Rebecca Washington in the ABC drama series "The Practice" and Sethe in the 1998 movie "Beloved". She also had other performances on the stage. +References. +<br> + += = = Hassan Rouhani = = = +Hassan Rouhani (, also transliterated "Ruhani", "Rohani", "Rowhani"; born Hassan Feridon ; 12 November 1948) is an Iranian politician, Mujtahid, lawyer, academic and diplomat, who was the President of Iran from 2013 until 2021. He has been a member of the Assembly of Experts since 1999, member of the Expediency Council since 1991, member of the Supreme National Security Council since 1989, and head of the Center for Strategic Research since 1992. +Rouhani has been also deputy speaker of the 4th and 5th terms of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (Majlis) and secretary of the Supreme National Security Council from 1989 to 2005. In the later capacity, he was also heading Iran's former nuclear negotiating team and was the country's top negotiator with the EU three – UK, France, and Germany – on Iran's nuclear program. +On 7 May 2013, Rouhani registered for the presidential election that was held on 14 June 2013. He said that, if elected, he will prepare a "civil rights charter", restore the economy and improve rocky relations with the West. As early vote counts began coming in, Rouhani took a large lead. He was elected as President of Iran on 15 June, defeating Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf. He took office on 3 August 2013. + += = = Mujtahid = = = +A mutjahid is a person qualified to decide in cases of Islamic law. + += = = Transistor radio = = = +A Transistor radio is a radio receiver which uses transistors to amplify the sound. Transistor radios can be cheap and small and some use very little electric power. Some can amplify the weak radio waves that are usually not picked up by weaker vacuum tube radios. Transistor radio broadcasting receivers for portable use were sold in great numbers starting in the late 1950s. Soon, vacuum tube radios became rare. + += = = Cargo aircraft = = = +A cargo aircraft is an aircraft that can carry cargo. In some cases, it may also carry passengers. +Civilian aircraft. +Civilian cargo aircraft carry cargo or mail. This is generally a kind of airliner, designed for passengers but modified for cargo. Some civilians cargo aircraft are specially equipped for carrying oversized cargo such as aircraft wings, tank-trucks, rocket pieces, or sometimes military heavy trucks and tanks. +Military aircraft. +Military transport aircraft can carry cargo and passengers. Passengers are usually troops, including paratroopers. The seats are usually simple. These aircraft typically have a sloping loading door at the rear of the fuselage for quick loading and unloading. Some use turbojets, others use turboprop engines. + += = = Subwoofer = = = +Subwoofer is a type of loudspeaker that is designed to produce low frequencies, example 20 - 200 Hz. Usually subwoofers are quite big and heavy. Frequencies below 20hz are typically not able to be heard. In some cases, with enough sound pressure, the listener will not hear the sound but will be able to feel it. + += = = Clipboard (computing) = = = +The clipboard is the part of a computer's memory that can be used to temporarily store something when users copy. Users can paste the copied data to another place. It is used in copy and paste operations in computing. + += = = Liquor store = = = +Liquor stores are retail shops which sell prepackaged alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, and spirits. Each country had different laws and regulations on liquor stores. +Liquor stores, like grocery stores, are essential businesses, meaning that they remained open during the COVID-19 pandemic. The reason they are essential businesses is because people who have alcohol use disorder consume alcohol to avoid withdrawal symptoms. + += = = Hoag's object = = = +Hoag's object is a ring galaxy. The galaxy is named after Arthur Allen Hoag who discovered it in 1950. He identified it as either a planetary nebula or an unusual galaxy. The object has about eight billion stars, and is ~600 million light-years away in the constellation Serpens. +Characteristics. +A nearly perfect ring of young hot blue stars circles the older yellow nucleus of this ring galaxy. The inner core of the galaxy is about (), while the surrounding ring has an inner 28′′ diameter of () and an outer 45′′ diameter of (), which is slightly larger than the Milky Way Galaxy. The gap separating the two stellar populations may contain some star clusters that are almost too faint to see. +As rare as this type of galaxy is, another more distant,reddish (and unnamed) ring galaxy can be seen through Hoag's object, between the nucleus and the outer ring of the galaxy, at roughly the one o'clock position in the picture to the right. +History and formation. +Art Hoag suggested the visible ring was a product of gravitational lensing. This idea was later discarded: the nucleus and the ring have the same redshift, and the ring shows knotty structure which would not be visible with gravitational lensing. +Many of the details of the galaxy remain a mystery, especially how it formed. "Classic" ring galaxies are usually formed by the collision of a small galaxy with a larger disk-shaped galaxy. This collision produces a density wave in the disk which leads to a characteristic ring-like appearance. Such an event, 2–3 billion years in the past, may have formed polar-ring galaxies. However, there is no sign of any second galaxy which would have acted as the "bullet", and the core of Hoag's object has a very low velocity relative to the ring, making the typical formation hypothesis unlikely. +Noah Brosch suggested that Hoag's object might be a product of an extreme "bar instability" which occurred a few billion years ago in a barred spiral galaxy. Schweizer "et al" claims that this is unlikely because the nucleus of the object is spheroidal, whereas the nucleus of a barred spiral galaxy is disc-shaped. However, evidence is somewhat thin for this dispute to be settled. A few other galaxies share the characteristics of Hoag's object, including the bright detached ring of stars, but their centers are elongated or barred, and they may exhibit some spiral structure While none match Hoag's object in symmetry, this handful of galaxies are known to some as Hoag-type galaxies. + += = = Forest Hill, London = = = +Forest Hill is an area of the London Borough of Lewisham in south London. +History. +Like much of London, Forest Hill was only sparsely populated until the mid-19th century. The name Forest Hill, originally simply "The Forest", referred to the woodland which once covered the area and which was a part of the Great North Wood. + += = = Lainie Kazan = = = +Lainie Kazan (born May 15, 1940 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American actress and singer. She has acted in many movies and plays. Her first Broadway play was "The Happiest Girl in the World" in 1961. Her movies include "Married to the Mob" in 1988. + += = = William White = = = +William White (b. unknown – February 1621) White was a "Mayflower" passenger who settled in Plymouth Colony in 1620 and signed the Mayflower Compact. He was born in England and died in the winter of 1621, in Plymouth Colony. +The "Mayflower" Voyage. +White married Susanna in about 1615, and their son, Resolved, was born soon after. They became passengers on the "Mayflower" which left Plymouth, England on 16 September 1620. They also took with them two servants, William Holbeck and Edward Thompson. There were 102 passengers and 30–40 crew. On 19 November 1620, the "Mayflower" spotted land. The "Mayflower" was supposed to land in the Colony of Virginia, but the ship was too damaged and they were forced to land at what is now known as Provincetown Harbor. They landed on November 21. They wrote the Mayflower Compact, which made rules on how they would live and treat each other. +Life in Plymouth. +White's second son, Peregrine White, was born on the "Mayflower", while it was anchored at Cape Cod. He was the first English child born in Plymouth Colony. White and his servants, Holbeck and Thompson died soon after landing, in early 1621. +White's family. +White's widow, Susanna, married Edward Winslow in May 1621, which made her the first Plymouth Colony bride. Winslow had also been a "Mayflower" passenger and later became the second governor of Plymouth Colony. Together they had five children. She and Winslow are buried in the Winslow Cemetery. +Resolved White married Judith Vassall, the daughter of William Vassall. +Peregrine White married Sarah Bassett, daughter of William Bassett. + += = = Haredi Judaism = = = +Haredi ( ') is the most conservative form of Orthodox Judaism and is known as Ultra-Orthodox Judaism +Haredi Judaism consists of many spiritual and cultural groups, and is divided into Hasidic sects with streams from Eastern Europe and Sephardic Haredim. The two are different in many aspects, including their beliefs, lifestyles, religious practice and philosophy, and isolation from the general culture where they live. +Most Haredi Jews currently live in Israel, North America and Western Europe. Their population is growing very fast due to a high birth rate. It doubles every 12 to 20 years. +The estimates of the number of Haredim in the entire world are difficult to measure, because the definition of the word may or may not apply to some people. In addition there has been a lack of data collection and rapid change over time. One newspaper article estimated there were approximately 1.3 million Haredi Jews as of 2011. +The Me'a She'arim neighbourhood in Jerusalem is mainly populated by Haredi Jews. + += = = Modern Orthodox Judaism = = = +Modern Orthodox Judaism (also Modern Orthodox or Modern Orthodoxy) is a movement within Orthodox Judaism. It tries to mix Jewish values from the halakha with the secular, more modern world. +There are different forms of Modern Orthodoxy. In Israel, for example, Modern Orthodoxy is dominated by Religious Zionism. Although they are not the same, these movements share many of the same values and many of the same people following them. + += = = Yeshiva University = = = +Yeshiva University is a Jewish private university in New York City. It has six campuses in New York City and one in Israel. The university was founded in 1886. It is a research university. +Its campuses and schools include Yeshiva College, Stern College for Women, Syms School of Business, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law. + += = = Roger Corman = = = +Roger Corman (born April 5, 1926) is an American movie director, producer, and actor. He made dozens of low-budget B-movies such as "Swamp Women" (1955), "The Little Shop of Horrors" (1960), and "The Saga of the Viking Women and Their Voyage to the Waters of the Great Sea Serpent". +He is best known for six movies based on the short stories of Edgar Allan Poe that include "House of Usher" (1960), "The Pit and the Pendulum" (1961), and "The Masque of the Red Death" (1964). + += = = Swamp Women = = = +Swamp Women is a 1955 low-budget B-movie directed by Roger Corman. It stars Beverly Garland, Carole Mathews, Mike Connors, and Marie Windsor. The movie is about an undercover police officer who joins three escaped female convicts in a search for diamonds in the Louisiana swamps. + += = = Loretta King = = = +Loretta King (August 20, 1917 – September 10, 2007) was an American actress. She was born in Phoenix, Arizona. Her movie career was brief. She is best known for her appearance in Ed Wood's "Bride of the Monster" (1955). She married Herman Hadler in 1970. She died in Century City, California. King was portrayed in Tim Burton's 1994 bio-pic, "Ed Wood", by actress Juliet Landau. + += = = Uluburun = = = +Uluburun is a sunken shipwreck that dates to the late 14th century BC. It was found in 1982 off the coast of south-western Turkey. It was found by chance by a scuba diver. The ship was 20 meters long and could carry up to 20 tons. Uluburun is the name of the cape where it was found nearby Kaş. + += = = Illinois Executive Mansion = = = +The Illinois Executive Mansion is the official residence of the Governor of Illinois. It is at 410 E. Jackson Street in Springfield, Illinois and is open to tours on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday mornings, free of charge. The Georgian style Mansion was designed by Chicago architect John M. Van Osdel. The Mansion was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. +The 16-room manor was completed in 1855 and was first occupied by governor Joel Aldrich Matteson, who held the official grand opening on January 10, 1856. It is the oldest historic residence in the state of Illinois and one of the three oldest continuously-occupied governor's mansions in the United States. In 2011, a multimillion dollar renovation was planned because the last repairs to the mansion were in 1971. + += = = JibJab = = = +JibJab is a website created by Evan and Gregg Spiridellis in 1999. JibJab was noticed in the 2004 U.S. presidential election with their video of George W. Bush and John Kerry singing "This Land is your Land" became so popular. The company creates original content. It has three main sections on the website: eCards; "Everyday Fun Sendables" such as funny videos; and "Originals," including "This Land," "Time for Some Campaignin'," and "Big Box Mart." +JibJab has also produced commercials for clients like Sony, Noggin, Disney and Cartoon Network. +Political comedy. +Capitol III. +JibJab made a flash movie for the 2000 United States presidential election in July 2000, which featured a rap battle between the two main candidates, Vice President Al Gore and Texas governor George W. Bush. Presidents Bill Clinton and George H. W. Bush also make cameos. +Ahnuld for Governor. +In 2003, JibJab made a flash movie making fun of Arnold Schwarzenegger running for governor of California. +This Land. +For the 2004 United States presidential election, JibJab made a flash movie entitled "This Land", which is a parody of This Land Is Your Land. The two main candidates, President George W. Bush and US Senator John Kerry are the main stars. The parody was very popular. +Good to Be in DC. +JibJab followed up with another animation set to the tune of Dixie. In this video, animated versions of Bush, Kerry, and their running mates, Dick Cheney and John Edwards, singing about their hopes for the upcoming election. +Second Term. +Immediately after Bush's election victory, JibJab released a third video, "Second Term", in the tune of She'll be Coming 'Round the Mountain. +Time for Some Campaigning. +For the 2008 United States presidential election, JibJab released another animation. It is in the tune of Bob Dylan's The Times They Are a-Changin. Animated versions of the two main candidates, US Senators Barack Obama and John McCain, sing about their hopes for the election. +He's Barack Obama. +Upon Obama's election victory and him taking power, JibJab released another animation, where they showed Obama as a superhero. The music is a rock version of When Johnny Comes Marching Home, and it is about Obama's promises as President. +2012 election. +JibJab did not make another animation and instead focused on their e-card business. However, an election web-app released in October of that year. +Year in Review. +JibJab started the tradition of making animations reviewing the events that happened each year, with an animation released between Christmas and New Year's Eve, sung to all classic melodies. The tradition originally lasted from 2005 to 2014, however JibJab revived the tradition in 2020 due to popular demand. +"2-0-5" (2005). +This is a parody of the songs Auld Lang Syne and Turkey in the Straw, and is sung in the perspective of George W. Bush. The events mentioned include: +Nuckin' Futz (2006). +This is a parody of Jingle Bells sung in an elementary-school Christmas concert. Notable events mentioned include: +In 2007 (2007). +This is a parody of Billy Joel's We Didn't Start the Fire, portrayed by angels, who were afraid God would be upsetted by the year's tragic events and would rather sugar-coat it in the song. Notable events mentioned include: +The JibJab Year in Review 2008. +This is a parody of Miss Suzie sang by Baby New Year 2008. Notable events mentioned include +Never a Year like '09 (2009). +This is a parody of The Entertainer. Notable events mentioned include +So Long to Ya 2010 (2010). +This is a parody of The Daring Young Man on the Flying Trapeze portrayed by Barack Obama and Joe Biden. Notable events mentioned include: +2011 Buh-Bye (2011). +This is a parody of My Bonnie Lies Over The Ocean. Notable events mentioned include: +2012 The End is Near (2012). +This is a parody of Down By The Riverside portrayed by Mayans. Notable events mentioned include: +2013 What a Year (2013). +This is a parody of Give My Regards To Broadway. Notable events mentioned include: +2014 You are History (2014). +This is a parody of Beethoven's 9th Symphony. Notable events mentioned include: +2020 You've Got to Go (2020). +This is an original song. Notable events mentioned include: + += = = Jewish ethics = = = +Jewish ethics refers to the philosophical tradition of ethics in Judaism. +Like other types of laws and values in other religions, the subject of Jewish ethics tries to provide answers for many moral questions. It has gone through major changes over the past 2000 years. The halakha addresses many problems that are related to all kinds of ethics. + += = = Lancaster University = = = +Lancaster University is a British university in Lancaster, Lancashire, England. It consistently rated among the top universities in the United Kingdom for research and teaching. It is ranked in the top one percent of universities in the world. All students are a member of a college. There are eight undergraduate colleges and a ninth college for postgraduates. + += = = Jews as the chosen people = = = +The Jewish belief of Jews as a chosen people is that Jews are the chosen people of God. Some Jews believe that God has given them a special job to repair the world and make it a better place. According to this view, they must use the things in the world to increase good and come closer to God, and as God’s partner in repairing the world – to find ways to lessen suffering of people and animals, to make more peace and respect between people, and to protect the earth’s environment from destruction. This process is known as “"tikkun olam"” (from Hebrew) – repairing the world. +From the Bible. +This origin of the idea in the Torah (the first five books of the Tanakh, which are also included in the Christian Bible). Much is written about these topics in rabbinic literature: +According to Judaism, God made an agreement called a “covenant” with Abraham, the ancestor of the Jewish people. The Bible says that God promised to bless Abraham and his descendants if they worshipped God and were faithful to him. God made this covenant with Abraham's son, Isaac, and with Isaac's son, Jacob. God also gave Jacob another name – Israel. This is how Jacob’s descendants got the name the “Children of Israel” or “Israelites.” The Jewish religion, God later gave the Israelites the Torah to the Israelites through their leader, Moses. The Torah told the Israelites how to live and build their community. God gave the Israelites the Ten Commandments and other laws in the Torah. +Interpretations. +Religious Jewish views. +The Jews are sometimes called the “Chosen People" because the Bible says God told them “you will be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation” (Exodus 19:6) and “For you are a holy people to the Lord your God, and the Lord chose you to be His own special nation out of all peoples on the earth” (Deuteronomy 14:2). Religious Jews ("orthodox") understand this means that they have special duties and responsibilities commanded by God - for example, that they must build a just society and serve only God. They believe that this covenant works in two ways: if they follow God’s laws, He will give them his love and protection, but they are also responsible for their sins – bad actions – and not doing what God told them. Religious Jews believe that they must teach other people that God exists and that God wants all people to do good actions. Jews believe that their job in the world is to be "a light to the nations" (Isiah 49:6) by showing the people of the world ways to make the world a better place. +Modern views. +The idea of chosenness has traditionally been interpreted by Jews in two ways: one way is that God chose the Israelites, while the other is that the Israelites chose God. Another opinion is that even though the Jews chose to follow God, the Kabbalah and Tanya teach that even prior to creation, the "Jewish soul" was already chosen. However, Jews do not believe that being a member of the Chosen People gives them any special talents or makes them better than anyone else, and many of whose who are considered "Jewish" (especially secular/(non-religious ones) do not believe they are "Chosen" in any way at all. +Jews generally do not try to convince other people to believe in Judaism. Jews believe they have a special job to show all peoples that God exists, but people do not have to be Jewish to follow God. All people can serve God by following the Seven Commandments (rules) given to Noah. But, Judaism accepts people who choose to change their religion to Judaism. +From other religions. +The Jewish people have a special status in the Islamic book, the Quran: +O children of Israel, remember my favor which I bestowed upon you, and that I favored you above all creation. (Qur'an 2:47). 2:122). +Many Christians also believe that the Jews were God's chosen people (), but because of Jewish rejection of Jesus, the Christians in turn received that special status (). This doctrine is known as Supersessionism. + += = = Musar movement = = = +The Musar movement is a Jewish ethical, educational and cultural movement. It developed in the 19th century in Eastern Europe, particularly among Orthodox Lithuanian Jews. +The Hebrew term "Musar" (), is from the book of "Proverbs" 1:2. It means moral conduct, instruction or discipline. The movement made important contributions to Jewish ethics and Musar literature. + += = = Carter Hutton = = = +Carter Hutton (born December 19, 1985, in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played parts of 10 seasons in the the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Nashville Predators, St. Louis Blues, Buffalo Sabres and the Arizona Coyotes +Before he played in the AHL and NHL, Hutton played 4 seasons in the University of Massachusetts Lowell with the River Hawks. He has also played in the AHL with the Adirondack Phantoms for 4 games and the Worcester Sharks for 22 games. +On August 1, 2011, the Rockford IceHogs signed Hutton as an unrestricted free agent. He was called up by the Blackhawks to replace Ray Emery who was out with an illness and played his first game in the NHL on March 26, 2012. On July 5, 2013, Hutton signed a one-year, two-way contract worth $550,000 with the Nashville Predators. +On June 14, 2022, Hutton announced that he was retiring from playing professional ice hockey. + += = = Ketuvim = = = +Ketuvim (in Biblical Hebrew: "writings") is the third and final section of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible), after Torah (instruction) and Nevi'im (prophets). It includes: + += = = Crest (feathers) = = = +The crest, in some cases called a crown, of a bird, is a group of feathers that some species of birds have on top of the head. The feathers of these crests can move up and down or be permanently up, depending of the species. For example, the crests of cockatoos and the hoopoe could be up or down but the feathers in the crest of the grey crowned crane are always up. +Crests on birds are generally used for display purposes. Birds with crests often use them to communicate with others and as a part of their courtship. They also tend to display their crests when they are frightened or ready to fight because the birds may appear larger than they really are. +Cockatoos and their smaller cousins, cockatiels, are part of the Cacatuidae family of parrots found in Australia, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Philippines, and are probably the most recognizable birds to feature crests. Cockatoos and cockatiels possess crests which may be raised or lowered at will. Their crests are used to communicate with fellow members of their species, or as a form of defense to frighten away other species that approach too closely, making the bird appear larger when the crest is suddenly and unexpectedly raised. + += = = Chumash (Judaism) = = = +The Hebrew term Chumash (also Ḥumash, ) is a term for "Torah" in printed form, unlike the Torah scroll. +The word comes from the Hebrew word for five, "" (). A more formal term is "Ḥamishah Ḥumshei Torah", meaning "five fifths of Torah". It is a Hebrew name for the Five Books of Moses, also known by the Latinised Greek term Pentateuch in common printed editions. The five books are: Beraishis (Genesis), Shemot (Exodus), Vayikra (Leviticus), Bamidbar (Numbers), and Devarim (Deuteronomy). + += = = James Holshouser = = = +James Eubert Holshouser, Jr. (October 8, 1934 – June 17, 2013) was the Governor of the state of North Carolina from 1973 to 1977 for the Republican. +Holshouser was born on October 8, 1934 in Boone, North Carolina. He studied at Davidson College. Holshouser was married to Patricia Ann Hollingsworth until his death in 2013. They had no children. Holshouser died on June 17, 2013 in Pinehurst, North Carolina, aged 78. + += = = Amitabh Bachchan = = = +Amitabh Harivansh Bachchan is an Indian movie actor. He has been in over 200 Indian movies in more than forty years. Bachchan is widely thought of as one of the greatest and most influential actors in the history of Indian cinema. +Bachchan has won many major awards in his career. His awards include three National Film Awards as Best Actor and fourteen Filmfare Awards. +Bachchan made his Hollywood debut in 2013 with "The Great Gatsby". + += = = Peride Celal = = = +Peride Celal Yönsel (June 10, 1916 – June 15, 2013), commonly known as Peride Celal or Peride Celâl was a Turkish novelist and story-writer. +Celal was born in İstanbul, Ottoman Empire on June 10, 1916. She completed her high school education in Samsun and at the French curriculum Lycée Saint Pulchérie in İstanbul. Celal spent most of her childhood in Anatolia. She had one daughter, Zeynep Ergun. +Peride Celal died on June 15, 2013, but it was announced two days later by her family. +In 1977, she was honored for her novel "Üç Yirmi Dört Saat" with the Turkish Sedat Simavi Literature Award along with Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca. The "1991 Orhan Kemal Novel Prize" was bestowed on Peride Celal for her novel "Kurtlar". +In 1996, Selim İleri published a book titled "Present to Peride Celal" (Peride Celal’e Armağan) edited by 19 Turkish authors. + += = = Bourvil = = = +André Bourvil was a French actor and singer. He was born with the name André Robert Raimbourg. He is best known for his roles in comedy movies. He worked with Louis de Funès in the movies "Le Corniaud" (1965) and "La Grande Vadrouille" (1966). +He won a Special Diploma at the 4th Moscow International Film Festival. + += = = Monster on the Campus = = = +Monster on the Campus is 1958 sci fi horror movie. It was directed by Jack Arnold. The screenplay was written by David Duncan. The story is about a professor (Arthur Franz) who terrorizes a college campus when he is turned into a Neanderthal monster after coming into contact with the irradiated blood of a coelacanth. Troy Donahue appears as college student Jimmy Flanders. Nancy Walters plays his girlfriend. + += = = Claudia Cardinale = = = +Claudia Cardinale is an Italian actress. She was in some of the most famous European movies of the 1960s and 1970s. Most of Cardinale's movies have been Italian or French. +Cardinale has been honoured at nearly every major movie festival. She has been given lifetime achievement awards from festivals in Canada, France, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Turkey, Armenia, Russia, Bulgaria, Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco, Australia, the UK and US. The "Los Angeles Times Magazine" named Cardinale among the 50 most beautiful women in movie history. + += = = Lara Lor-Van = = = +Lara-El (née Lara Lor-Van) is a fictional character who appears in Superman comics published by DC Comics. Lara is the biological mother of Superman, and the wife of scientist Jor-El. Lara was played by Ayelet Zurer in the 2013 Superman movie "Man of Steel". + += = = Dominique Wilkins = = = +Jacques Dominique Wilkins (born January 12, 1960) is an American former basketball player. He played for the Boston Celtics and Atlanta Hawks in the NBA. Wilkins was born in Paris, France. He was raised in North Carolina. + += = = The Monolith Monsters = = = +The Monolith Monsters is a 1957 sci fi horror movie. It was directed by John Sherwood and stars Grant Williams and Lola Albright. It was based on a short story by Jack Arnold and Robert M. Fresco. Fresco and Norman Jolley wrote the screenplay. Troy Donahue and "The Donna Reed Show" regular Paul Petersen have uncredited roles. +Story. +A meteor crashes near the desert town of San Angelo. Fragments are scattered everywhere. They grow into skyscraper-sized monoliths. These monsters fall and shatter into thousands of pieces that grow into monoliths themselves. People are crushed or turned into statues. + += = = Kirby Puckett = = = +Anthony Kirby Puckett (more often known simply as Kirby Puckett; March 14, 1960 - March 6, 2006) was an American baseball player. He was born in Chicago. He played for the Minnesota Twins from 1984 to 1995. He had many home run hits and doubles. He retired because of bad vision in one eye. Kirby died on March 6, 2006 in Phoenix, Arizona from a hemorrhagic stroke. + += = = Dorothy Stratten = = = +Dorothy Stratten (or Dorothy Ruth Hoogstraten; February 28, 1960 - August 14, 1980) was a Canadian model and actress. She was born in Vancouver, British Columbia. She later moved to Los Angeles. She appeared in three comedy movies and several television series. She was also "Playboy" Playmate of the Month in August 1979 and Playmate of the Year in 1980. Stratten was shot dead in Los Angeles by her estranged husband Paul Snider, who committed suicide the same day. + += = = Astrodynamics = = = +Astrodynamics is a part of physics that deals with movement in space. It is a branch of mechanics dealing with orbits. It is related to celestial mechanics. + += = = Theory of the Earth = = = +Theory of the Earth was a publication by James Hutton which laid the foundations for geology. In it he showed that the Earth is the product of natural forces. What could be seen happening today, over long periods of time, could produce what we see in the rocks. This idea, uniformitarianism, was a major step in the History of the geologic time scale. It was used by Charles Lyell in his work, and Lyell's textbook was an important influence on Charles Darwin. +Hutton recognized that rocks record the evidence of the past action of processes which still operate today. He also anticipated natural selection, as follows: +Hutton's prose hindered his theories. John Playfair in 1802 restated of Huttton's geological ideas in clearer English. However, he left out Hutton's thoughts on evolution. Charles Lyell in the 1830s popularised the idea of an infinitely repeating cycle (of the erosion of rocks and the building up of sediment). Lyell believed in gradual change, and thought even Hutton gave too much credit to catastrophic changes. +Hutton's work was published in different forms and stages: + += = = Kill Your Darlings = = = +The movie Kill Your Darlings is a 2013 historic drama set in 1944. The cast includes Daniel Radcliffe as Allen Ginsberg, Jennifer Jason Leigh as Naomi and Kyra Sedgwick as Marian Carr. This movie got very positive reviews from the critics. + += = = Accusative case = = = +The accusative case is the grammatical case which marks the direct object of a transitive verb. This is best explained with examples: +Forms. +In the sentence ""He" sees the woman", "he" is the subject of the sentence. In the sentence "The woman sees "him"", "him" is the object. +English. +So, in English we use different forms of the pronoun: he/him. "Him" would be the accusative case. If we use a noun, there is no difference in English. We use the same word "man": The man sees the woman" and "The woman sees the man. +In many languages different forms of the word are used, depending on what function it has in the sentence - subject or object. +Latin. +For example, in Latin. "The man sees the woman" = "Vir feminam videt", while "The woman sees the man" = "Femina virum videt". For "man", Latin uses "vir" for the subject, and "virum" for the object. Also, in the same sentences, we have "femina" for a subject and "feminam" for object. The form used for the direct object ("him", "virum", "feminam") is known as the "accusative case", while the form used for the subject ("he", "vir", "femina") is known as the nominative case. +German. +In some languages, like German, the accusative case is applied to the definite article and not to the noun. In German, "the car" as the subject of a sentence may be "der Wagen". This is the form in the nominative case. When "the car" is used as the object in a sentence, it becomes "den Wagen", the accusative. + += = = Elizabeth Olsen = = = +Elizabeth Chase Olsen (born February 16, 1989) is an American actress. She was born in Los Angeles, California. She is the younger sister of the actresses Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen. She had her debut film role in the thriller "Martha Marcy May Marlene" in 2011, for which she was acclaimed and nominated for a Critics' Choice Movie Award. Olsen received a BAFTA Rising Star Award nomination and graduated from New York University two years later. +She is most known for her role as Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch in the Marvel Cinematic Universe movies ' (2015), ' (2016), ' (2018), and ' (2019) and in the movie "Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness" (2022).. She then reprised her role in the Disney+ miniseries "WandaVision" (2021) and the second season of "What If...?" (2023). +Outside of her work with Marvel, Olsen starred in the monster movie "Godzilla" (2014), the mystery movie "Wind River" (2017), and the dramedy "Ingrid Goes West" (2017). She executive produced and starred as a widow in the drama series "Sorry for Your Loss" (2018–2019), earning a nomination for a Critics' Choice Television Award. Olsen has since portrayed Candy Montgomery in the miniseries "Love & Death" (2023), for which she has been nominated for another Golden Globe Award. +Early life and education. +Elizabeth Chase Olsen was born on February 16, 1989, in Sherman Oaks, California. Her mother, Jarnie, is a former dancer, while her father, Dave, is a real estate agent. She is the younger sister of twins Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen, who became television and film actresses as children. Olsen also has an older brother, a younger half-brother, and a younger half-sister. Her parents divorced in 1996. +Olsen began acting when she was four years old, appearing in Mary-Kate and Ashley's projects, including the 1994 television film "How the West Was Fun" and the straight-to-video series "The Adventures of Mary-Kate & Ashley". As a child, she took acting classes and spent time at musical theatre camp. Olsen nearly quit pursuing acting in 2004 due to the media attention toward Mary-Kate's eating disorder. She went to Campbell Hall School in Studio City, California. Olsen attended New York University (NYU)'s Tisch School of the Arts, during which she took classes at Atlantic Theater Company and spent a semester at the Moscow Art Theatre School in Russia. She attained understudy roles in the 2008 off-Broadway production of the play "Dust" and the 2009 Broadway production of the play "Impressionism", which led to her securing an agent. Olsen graduated from NYU in January 2013. +Career. +Early roles and acclaim (2011–2014). +Olsen made her film debut in the 2011 thriller film "Martha Marcy May Marlene". The film, along with her performance, received critical acclaim following its premiere at the Sundance Film Festival. Olsen earned several award nominations for her portrayal of the titular Martha, a young woman suffering from delusions after fleeing her life in a cult and returning to her family, including those for the Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress and the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead. She attributed her interest in the character to her own fascination with mental illnesses. Olsen next appeared in the horror film "Silent House", which garnered her "rave reviews". Despite premiering at the Sundance Film Festival alongside "Martha Marcy May Marlene", it was released in 2012, during which she also starred in the thriller "Red Lights" and the comedy "Liberal Arts". +In January 2013, Olsen garnered a nomination for the BAFTA Rising Star Award at the 66th British Academy Film Awards. She played Edie Parker, novelist Jack Kerouac's first wife and the author of the Beat Generation memoir "You'll Be Okay", in the biographical drama "Kill Your Darlings". She appeared in the American remake of the 2003 South Korean film "Oldboy", playing Marie Sebastian, a nurse who helps the protagonist, played by Josh Brolin, find his daughter. That same year, she starred as the titular Juliet in an off-Broadway production of the play "Romeo and Juliet" by William Shakespeare. "The New York Times" critic Ben Brantley described her portrayal as "an open book, and a slim volume, alternating between saucy petulance and hysteria". She played the leading role in "In Secret", a film adaptation of Émile Zola's 1867 novel "Thérèse Raquin". The film was released in February 2014. Later that year, Olsen starred in the monster film "Godzilla", opposite Bryan Cranston and Aaron Taylor-Johnson, which received positive reviews and grossed $529 million against a $160 million production budget. She and Dakota Fanning co-starred as teenage girls in Brooklyn in the film "Very Good Girls", released that same year, which Josh Duboff of "Vanity Fair" characterized as unfavorably reviewed. +Marvel Cinematic Universe and continued success (2015–present). +Olsen starred in the 2015 superhero film ', a sequel to "The Avengers", joining the Marvel Cinematic Universe media franchise and rising to fame. In the film, she portrayed Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch, which marked the comic book character's film debut. She first appeared as the character in a post-credits scene of the 2014 film ', alongside Taylor-Johnson, who portrayed Scarlet Witch's brother, Pietro Maximoff / Quicksilver. Olsen played the part with an accent originating from a fictional country called Sokovia, which she described as similar to Slovakian. She reprised the role in ' (2016), ' (2018), and "" (2019), the last of which became the second highest-grossing film of all time. +Olsen portrayed Audrey Williams, the wife, manager, and duet partner of singer Hank Williams, portrayed by Tom Hiddleston, in the 2015 biographical film "I Saw the Light", directed by Marc Abraham. In 2017, she starred as a novice FBI agent in the mystery film "Wind River" and a social media influencer in the comedy-drama film "Ingrid Goes West", both of which were released in August to critical praise. "Vulture"'s David Edelstein found Olsen's "incongruously high-schoolish demeanor" in "Wind River" problematic, while Peter Travers of "Rolling Stone" wrote that she gave a "major eye-opener of a performance" in "Ingrid Goes West", deeming it "toxic perfection". The following year, she appeared in the Netflix film "Kodachrome", playing a caregiver to a photographer, played by Ed Harris. Olsen executive produced and starred as a young widow named Leigh Shaw in the Facebook Watch web television series "Sorry for Your Loss", which premiered in September 2018. She said the three years it took to develop the series enabled her to immerse herself in Shaw's impulses. Critics reviewed the series positively, and Olsen's performance, which earned her a nomination for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actress in a Drama Series, was noted as "stunning", "disciplined and sharp", as well as "slyly sympathetic". The series was canceled in January 2020 after two seasons. +Alongside Paul Bettany as Vision, Olsen played Scarlet Witch again in the superhero miniseries "WandaVision", which premiered on Disney+ in January 2021. In addition to complimenting Olsen and Bettany's chemistry, critics praised the cast, with "Vox"'s Alex Abad-Santos writing Olsen was brilliant in her portrayal and Linda Holmes of NPR highlighting her "indelible central performance" in their respective reviews. Olsen earned a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie and Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film for her performance. She reprised the role in the film "Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness", which was released in May 2022. In 2023, she portrayed Candy Montgomery in "Love and Death", an HBO Max limited series about a 1980 Texas murder. +Personal life. +Olsen has been an atheist since the age of 13 because she believed that "religion should be about community and having a place to go in prayer, not something that should determine women's freedoms." She is an ambassador for the company Bobbi Brown Cosmetics. She and actor Boyd Holbrook were in a relationship from 2011 to 2014. +Olsen became engaged to musician Robbie Arnett, of the American band Milo Greene, in July 2019 after three years of dating but after a year of marriage they got a divorce and ended up with one of her good friends who do not know the name off but have the initials AM. Olsen revealed in June 2021 that the two had married. in her first public relationship she She also had a secret affair with a woman with the initials VB. + += = = Kikki Danielsson = = = +Kikki Danielsson, born 10 May 1952, is a Swedish country, dansband and schlager singer. She participated at the Eurovision Song Contest in 1982 as a member of the group Chips and 1985, as a solo artist. + += = = Lotta Engberg = = = +Lotta Engberg (born 5 March 1963 in Överkalix,) is a Swedish dansband and schlager singer. She participated at the Eurovision Song Contest in 1987. + += = = Elisabeth Andreassen = = = +Elisabeth Andreassen (born 28 March 1958) is a Norwegian singer. She participated at the Eurovision Song Contest for Sweden in 1982, and for Norway in 1985 and 1996. + += = = County Cavan = = = +County Cavan (in Gaelic, ) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Border Region as it is on the border with Northern Ireland. It is part of the province of Ulster. It is named after the town of Cavan. 73,183 people live in the county according to the 2011 census. Not many people live in the north-western area of the county as there are many mountains. +Cavan borders six other counties: Leitrim to the west, Fermanagh and Monaghan to the north, Meath to the south-east, Longford to the south-west and Westmeath to the south. +Geography. +The county has a lot of countryside with many lakes and small hills called drumlins. The highest point of the county is in the Breifne mountains, mount Cuilcagh at . +Cavan is known as 'The Lakeland County' and it is said it has 365 lakes, one for every day of the year. At , Lough Sheelin is the county's largest lake in the south of the county. A large area of lakes in the north and west of Cavan are marked as Specially Protected Areas (SPA), example of this being Lough Oughter. Other important wildlife protected lakes such as Lough Gowna and Lough Ramor are in the south and east of the county. The county contains forests such as Bellamont Forest near Cootehill, Killykeen Forest Park at Lough Oughter (a Coillte state forest), Dún na Rí Forest Park and the Burren Forest. +Many rivers in Ireland start in County Cavan. The Shannon Pot is the source of the River Shannon, the longest river in Ireland at . The River Erne is a major river which starts from Beaghy Lough south of Stradone in Cavan and flows for to Lough Erne. +History. +In medieval times, the area of Cavan was part of East Bréifne after its ruling Gaelic family. This in was a division of the 11th century Kingdom of Bréifne. For this reason the county is also sometimes known as the Breffni County. The natural landscape of drumlin hills and loughs made a good defence against invaders. +Historically, Cavan was part of the western province of Connacht, but was transferred to Ulster in 1584 when Bréifne was shired and became the county of Cavan. In the south, the Lough Sheelin area was part of Leinster until the late 14th century. +Parts of Cavan were under Norman influence from the twelfth century. The remains of several buildings from the time can still be seen at Castlerahan and Clogh Oughter castle. There are also some remains of early abbeys in the county, like at Drumlane and Trinity Island. +The Plantation of Ulster from 1610 saw the settlement and origins of several new towns within the county like Bailieborough, Cootehill, Killeshandra and Virginia. Existing towns such as Cavan and Belturbet became over time more important as trading centres. Wars aimed at trying to unsettle the Plantation only led to further plantations of English and Scottish settlers into the county and the beginnings of a thriving flax and linen industry. +Economy. +Agriculture is the largest industry in the county, especially dairy milk processing as well as pig and beef farming. Much of Cavan's land is clay soils, which are rich in minerals, but heavy and poorly drained, making pasture farming the dominant farming system in the county. The total farmed area is in the county, and there are approximately 219,568 cattle in Cavan. +Peat cutting exists in the northwest of the county, in the Cuilcagh range. +Cavan has expanded in other industries, mainly quarrying, energy production and manufacturing facilities. + += = = Elitserien = = = +Elitserien (literally, the "Elite League") is the name of several Swedish sport leagues that cover the whole of Sweden. In most sports, Elitserien is the highest league, with the second highest usually named Allsvenskan. +Elitserien leagues: +Leagues formerly named Elitserien: + += = = Gyllene Tider = = = +Gyllene Tider is a pop band from the town of Halmstad in Sweden. + += = = The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection = = = +The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection is a book by R.A. Fisher first published in 1930 by Oxford University Press which combines Mendelian genetics with Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection. It is one of the most important books of the modern evolutionary synthesis. +Editions. +A second, slightly revised edition was published in 1958. In 1999, a third variorum edition, with the original 1930 text, annotated with the 1958 alterations, notes and alterations accidentally omitted from the second edition was published. +Its significance. +When Fisher started his career, genetics was not a well-understood science. There were biologists who did not see how evolution by natural selection could happen with heredity as they understood it. The main effect of the book was to show the small changes in genes could indeed lead to the large changes seen in the fossil record. Fisher's second chapter, the "Fundamental theory of natural selection", convinced most biologists that Darwin's idea and modern genetics were compatible (could work together). Fisher's view was reinforced by Julian Huxley, J.B.S. Haldane, Sewell Wright, Theodosius Dobzhansky, and G. Ledyard Stebbins. All of these men were in touch with genetics. With the addition of two field biologists, Ernst Mayr and Bernhard Rensch and a palaeontologist, George Simpson, the group put together the modern synthesis. +Fisher also developed ideas on sexual selection, mimicry and the evolution of dominance. He showed that mutations with big effects usually reduce the fitness of the individual. He also proved that larger populations carry more variation and have a greater chance of survival. He set the foundations for population genetics. +About a third of the book concerned the applications of genetics to humans. Using the British census data of 1911, he showed there was an inverse relationship between fertility and social class. This was partly due, he believed, to the rise in social status of families who were not capable of producing many children but who rose because of the financial advantage of having a small number of children. Therefore he suggested subsidies (he called them allowances) to families with larger numbers of children, with the allowances proportional to the earnings of the father. He himself had two sons and six daughters. +Reviews. +The book was reviewed, among others, by physicist Charles Galton Darwin, a grandson of Charles Darwin's. After his review, C.G. Darwin sent Fisher his copy of the book, with notes in the margin. The marginal notes became the food for a correspondence running at least three years. +Although Fisher's book was immediately understood by the few who understood genetics, it was a long time before the general biologist appreciated it. It is now agreed to be one of the foundations of modern population genetics and evolution. +Fisher's book also had a major influence on W.D. Hamilton and the development of his theories on the genetic basis for kin selection. Hamilton, a leading theoretician of the later 20th century, said: + += = = Aseptic meningitis = = = +Meningitis happens when the brain's lining becomes inflamed. This lining is called the meninges. Aseptic meningitis occurs when there are signs of meningitis. However, when a sample of brain fluid is taken, bacteria do not grow. This condition is often treatable. In many cases, recovery takes 7–10 days. +These factors increase the chance of developing aseptic meningitis: + += = = County Meath = = = +County Meath () is a county in Ireland. It is part of the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient "Kingdom of Mide" (in Gaelic "Mide" means "middle"). 184,135 people lived in the county according to the 2011 census. The county town is Navan, this is where the county hall and government are located. Trim used to be the county town. +The River Boyne flows through the county. +History. +The county is sometimes known by the nickname "The Royal County" because of its history as the seat of the High King of Ireland. +County Meath formed the eastern part of the former Kingdom of Mide. The seat of the High King of Ireland was at Tara which is not far from Navan. +The archaeological complex of "Brú na Bóinne" is 5,000 years old. It includes the burial sites of Newgrange, Knowth and Dowth, in the north-east of the county. It is a UNESCO designated World Heritage Site. +Economy. +The county has a lot of farms, mainly cattle, dairying, potatoes and grain. Meath is Ireland's leading county producer of potatoes, and a significant producer of beef, barley, milk, wheat, and root vegetables. Europe's largest underground lead-zinc mine, Tara Mines, has operated since 1977, at a location to the west of Navan. + += = = Eddington limit = = = +The Eddington limit, or Eddington luminosity was first worked out by Arthur Eddington. It is a natural limit to the normal luminosity of stars. The state of balance is a hydrostatic equilibrium. When a star exceeds the Eddington limit, it loses mass with a very intense radiation-driven stellar wind from its outer layers. +Eddington's models treated a star as a sphere of gas held up against gravity by internal thermal pressure. Eddington showed that radiation pressure was necessary to prevent collapse of the sphere. +Most massive stars have luminosities far below the Eddington luminosity, so their winds are mostly driven by the less intense line absorption. The Eddington limit explains the observed luminosity of accreting black holes such as quasars. +Super-Eddington luminosities. +Eddington limit explains the very high mass loss rates seen in the outbursts of � Carinae in 1840–1860. The regular stellar winds can only stand for a mass loss rate of about 10−4–10−3 solar masses per year. Mass loss rates of up to 0.5 solar masses per year are needed to understand the � Carinae outbursts. This can be done with the help of the super-Eddington broad spectrum radiation driven winds. +Gamma-ray bursts, novae and supernovae are examples of systems exceeding their Eddington luminosity by a large factor for very short times, resulting in short and highly intensive mass loss rates. Some X-ray binaries and active galaxies are able to maintain luminosities close to the Eddington limit for very long times. For accretion powered sources such as accreting neutron stars or cataclysmic variables (accreting white dwarfs), the limit may act to reduce or cut off the accretion flow. Super-Eddington accretion onto stellar-mass black holes is one possible model for ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). +For accreting black holes, all the energy released by accretion does not have to appear as outgoing luminosity, since energy can be lost through the event horizon, down the hole. Effectively, such sources may not conserve energy. + += = = Maria Schneider (actress) = = = +Maria Schneider (born Marie Christine Gélin, Paris, 27 March 1952 - 3 February 2011) was a French actress. She was in many movies. She played Jeanne in the 1972 erotic movie "Last Tango in Paris" opposite Marlon Brando. Schneider died in Paris from cancer at age fifty-eight. + += = = Oregon spotted frog = = = +The Oregon spotted frog ("Rana pretiosa") is a medium-sized water frog. The name "Rana pretiosa" means "precious frog". It comes from the Pacific Northwest area of North America. It can be found in the Puget Trough/Willamette Valley province and the Cascade Mountains of south-central Washington and Oregon. It is a rare frog and is listed by the IUCN as a vulnerable species. + += = = Spiritualism = = = +Spiritualism is a belief that humans can communicate with the spirits of the dead. It was popular in the nineteenth century up to the 1930s. The main centres were in America and Europe, with the Caribbean and South America, where it is usually called Spiritism. +Spiritualism did not have a book with authority, but it had pamphlets, meetings and mediums. A medium is a person, often female, who acts as a go-between between the living and the dead. +At its peak, spiritualism was very popular, and its followers formed Spiritualist churches. + += = = Debra Jo Rupp = = = +Debra Jo Rupp (born 24 February 1951) is an American actress. She appears in television and movies. She played Kitty Forman in "That '70s Show". She played Alice in "Friends". Debra was born in Glendale, California. She was raised in Massachusetts. + += = = Rita Rudner = = = +Rita Rudner (born September 17, 1953) is an American actress and comedian. She appeared in August 2012 as Melissa's Mom in "Melissa & Joey". Rita Rudner was born in Miami, Florida. + += = = Wrestling Brewster = = = +Wrestling Brewster (ca. 1614 - ?) was a passenger on the ship "Mayflower" in 1620 when it sailed from England to North America. He was born in Leiden, The Netherlands about 1614 to William and Mary Brewster. He was alive during the 1627 Division of Cattle at Plymouth, and was listed in his father's household at that time. He is not mentioned again in any record, or in his father's will of 1644, or in the inventory of his father's estate. He did not marry. It is probable that he died some time between 1627 and 1644. +Correction, according to +http://genealogytrails.com/mass/mayflower.html +Under William Brewster is shows, +16. WRESTLING, b. --- ; m. Mary --- . +So Wrestling Brewster may have married a woman named Mary + += = = Vasodilation = = = +Vasodilation is where blood vessels widen. It results from relaxation of muscle cells within blood vessel walls. The process is essentially the opposite of vasoconstriction, which is the narrowing of blood vessels. +When vessels widen, blood flow is increased. This in turn decreases blood pressure. Drugs that cause vasodilation are called vasodilators. + += = = Love Brewster = = = +Love Brewster was a passenger on the "Mayflower" in 1620. He was born about 1611 in Holland to William and Mary Brewster. +He married Sarah Collier at Plymouth, Plymouth Colony in 1634, and sired four children upon her. He was active in the community, and died at Duxbury, north of Plymouth, about 1651. +Early life. +Love was born in Leiden, The Netherlands about 1611 to Mary and William Brewster. On 15 May 1634, he married Sarah Collier at Plymouth. They had four children: Sarah, Nathaniel, William, and Wrestling. +Plymouth Colony. +Brewster became a freeman (able to vote and hold land) in Plymouth Colony on 2 March 1636. He volunteered to fight in the Pequot War (1634-1638), but saw no action because Plymouth's volunteers were not needed. +In 1642, Thomas Granger, Brewster's 16-year old servant, was caught committing bestiality upon Brewster's livestock. He admitted his transgression, and was executed with the animals, as the Bible commanded in Leviticus 20:15. +Later life and death. +Brewster and his family moved to Duxbury, Plymouth Colony, north of the settlement at Plymouth. He served in the militia under Myles Standish. Brewster died at Duxbury between 6 October 1650 (when his will was written) and 31 January 1651 (when the will was probated). + += = = Ocean County, New Jersey = = = +Ocean County is a county in New Jersey that contains most of the Jersey Shore. The county seat is Toms River. The population is 637,229 as of 2020. + += = = Oliver Hill = = = +Oliver White Hill, Sr. (May 1, 1907 – August 5, 2007) was an American civil rights lawyer from Richmond, Virginia. His work against discrimination helped end "separate but equal". This was a reason used to support segregation in the United States. He also helped win important legal decisions, such as equality in pay for black teachers, access to school buses, voting rights, jury selection, and employment protection. He retired in 1998 after practicing law for almost 60 years. Along with his other awards, he earned the Presidential Medal of Freedom. This was given to him by President Bill Clinton in 1999. During the 1940s and 1950s, Hill was unsafe because of what he did. Because people called to threaten Hill, Hill's young son was not allowed to answer the telephone. A cross was burned on the Hill family's lawn. Still, Hill continued to work for civil rights. Hill died at the age of 100 in 2007 in Richmond, Virginia. + += = = Non-Hodgkin lymphoma = = = +Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (which is also known as "B-cell" and "T-cell lymphomas") is a cancer of the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system is a network of vessels and glands spread throughout the body. It is also part of the immune system. Clear fluid called "lymph" flows through the lymphatic vessels and contains infection-fighting white blood cells known as "lymphocytes". +In lymphoma, these lymphocytes start to multiply in an abnormal way. A lot of them appear in certain parts of the lymphatic system, such as the lymph nodes (glands). The affected lymphocytes lose their infection-fighting properties making you more vulnerable to infection. +The most common symptom of non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a painless swelling in a lymph node, usually in the neck, armpit or groin. +The usual way to know that a person has non-Hodgkin lymphoma is to do a biopsy (testing a sample of affected lymph node tissue). + += = = Mary Brewster = = = +Mary Brewster (ca. 1569 - 17 April 1627) was a passenger on the "Mayflower" in 1620 when the ship sailed from England to the New World. She was probably born in England, but her exact birthdate, birthplace, and birth surname are not known with certainty. She married William Brewster about 1592, and bore him six children. +She lived in The Netherlands several years before emigrating to North America with her family. She survived her first harsh winter of 1620 in the New World, and was one of the four women still alive in 1621 to observe the first Thanksgiving. She died in Plymouth Colony in 1627. +Early life and marriage. +Mary was born in England about 1569, probably in Doncaster, Yorkshire or Scrooby, Nottinghamshire. Her maiden name is not known with certainty. Wentworth, Wyrall, Stubbe, Love and others have all been proposed, but none have been proven to be her surname. +She married William Brewster about 1592. It is not known if she was Brewster's first or second wife. She bore him six children: Jonathan, Patience, Fear, an unnamed child who died young, Love, and Wrestling. +The Netherlands. +Mary's husband was the leader of a Separatist congregation near Scrooby. The law required Englishmen to attend the Church of England, but these people secretly met in the Brewster home to worship in their own way. +The authorities persecuted them for their unconventional religious beliefs and for flouting the law. In 1608, Mary Brewster and her family went to Leiden, The Netherlands to escape the persecution and to practice their religion in peace. +Plymouth Colony. +Unhappy with life in Leiden, the Brewster family decided to emigrate to North America. Mary sailed on the "Mayflower" in 1620 with her husband and her two youngest children, Love and Wrestling. Son Jonathan arrived in Plymouth in November 1621, and daughters Patience and Fear in 1623. +Last years and death. +Mary Brewster was one of only five women to survive the first winter in the New World, and one of only four women who were still alive for the first Thanksgiving in 1621. She died on 17 April 1627 at Plymouth. Her resting place has not been found. + += = = Dorothy Eaton = = = +Dorothy Eaton (? - probably no later than 1624) was a passenger on the "Mayflower" in 1620. She was John Carver's maidservant. Her maiden name is unknown. William Bradford wrote of Carver's maidservant, "[she] married, and died a year or two after here in this place." She may have been Francis Eaton's second wife. A 1626 apprenticeship record from Bristol, England, mentions Francis Eaton, carpenter in New England, and his wife Dorothy. + += = = Dorothy = = = +Dorothy is a female given name. It comes from the Greek ������� ("Dōrothéa") meaning "God's Gift", from ����� ("dōron"), "gift" + ���� ("theós"), "god". There are also male names in English such as "Dorie" from the Greek word "��������" ("Dōrótheos"). Also, the given names Theodore and Theodora come from the same two Greek words as Dorothy, but in the reverse order. +Dorothy became one of the most popular girl's names in the United States between 1904 and 1940. It was ranked among the top 10 most popular names given to American newborn girls. The name was in the top 100 most popular names for American girls until 1961. In 2006 it was ranked 986 in the top 1,000 most popular names for American newborn girls. There were 235 newborn American girls given the name in 2010. +Famous people named Dorothy. +In fiction: + += = = Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden = = = +Gustav II Adolf (19 December 1594 – 16 November 1632) was the King of Sweden from 1611 to 1632. He is known in English as Gustavus Adolphus. +He is often said to have made Sweden a great power. (). He is also said to be one of the best military leaders of all time. Gustav led Sweden to be a military power during the Thirty Years' War and spent most of his reign fighting. +Life. +Gustavus Adolphus was born in Stockholm. His parents were Charles IX of Sweden and his second wife, Christina of Holstein-Gottorp. When his father died in October 1611, while Gustavus was only 16 years old, he became King of Sweden. +Gustavus married Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg, daughter of John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg. Their daughter Christina later became Queen of Sweden. +In June 1630 he landed in Germany, starting the Swedish fight in the Thirty Year's War on the Anti-Imperial Protestant side, which was losing at the time. With Sweden's help the situation flipped so that the Protestants were winning. +Gustavus died in the Battle of Lützen in 1632 while leading a cavalry attack. +Gustavus Adolphus Day. +Gustavus Adolphus Day is on 6 November. Every year it is celebrated in Sweden, Estonia and Finland. On this day only, a special pastry is sold that has a chocolate or marzipan medallion of the king. + += = = Josh Klinghoffer = = = +Josh Adam Klinghoffer (born October 3, 1979) is an American musician. He is best known as being the guitarist of the Red Hot Chili Peppers from 2009 to 2019. + += = = Jeopardy! Tournament of Champions = = = +The Jeopardy! Tournament of Champions is a yearly tournament on the American television game show "Jeopardy!". It features 15 players who have won the most games from the past season. It started in 1964 when Art Fleming was host of the show; it is also played on the show with Alex Trebek as host until 2019, with Buzzy Cohen guest hosting the 2021 Tournament of Champions. Ken Jennings is now the host of the tournament starting with the 2022 Tournament of Champions. Winners of the College Championship (since 1989) and the Teachers Tournament (since 2011) also play in the Tournament of Champions. +"Jeopardy!"'s Tournament of Champions takes two weeks. The first five games are the quarterfinals, with three new contestants each day. The winners of the five games move on to the semi-finals. The four players with the highest scores who did not win their quarterfinal game also move on as "wild card" players. If there is a tie at the end of a game, one final answer is given, and the first player to ring in with the correct response wins the game. If all three players have a score of zero, none of the players move on to the semi-finals, and another wild card spot is added. The next three games are the semi-final games. The three winners of the semi-finals move on to the finals, which happens over two games and two days. Unlike the quarterfinals, if all three players have a score of zero, one final answer is given, with the first player to ring in with the correct question wins the game. This rule change was first implemented in 2013 to avoid a repeat of the November 2012 taping of the Teen Tournament which made it unfair for contestants who played in the semifinal before the zero loss. In each finals game, the players start with zero scores; after the second finals game, each player's score is added to their score from the first game, with the highest score being the winner, or "Grand Champion." The other two players win smaller cash prizes or their two-day total, whichever is higher. +In 2022 (Season 38) the tournament took a new format which expanded the field to 21 contestants. The top three seeded contestants will qualify for the semifinal rounds; the remaining 18 contestants will play six quarterfinal games, with no wild-card spots given. The six winners will advance to the semifinals and join the top three seeds. The winners of the semifinal matches will advance to the finals, which will consist of a minimum of three and a maximum of seven games, similar to the "Greatest of All Time" tournament (see below). The first finalist to win three games will win the tournament and the $250,000 top prize. The second-place and third-place prizes will be determined first by number of wins, then by number of second-place finishes, and finally by total score across all games played, and will win $100,000 and $50,000, respectively. +From time to time, special Tournaments of Champions have been played. In 2002, the show held a Million Dollar Masters tournament. This was a two-week tournament where the winner won $1,000,000. It was taped at Radio City Music Hall in New York City. In 2005, the show held an Ultimate Tournament of Champions. It was a 15-week tournament with 145 players. The two players who made it to the finals would play against Ken Jennings for $2,000,000. In 2014, the show held a Battle of the Decades to commemorate the show's 30th anniversary. It was a 5-week tournament featuring 45 players; the field of contestants was broken up into three decades. The first three weeks featured players from their respective decades. Five winners from each decade advanced to the quarterfinals to compete for a $1,000,000 grand prize. +List of participants. +The following is a list of contestants and where they placed in the tournament. Prize amounts for the non-winning finalists who won more than the minimum guarantees are as indicated in parentheses. + += = = Jeopardy! Teen Tournament = = = +The Jeopardy! Teen Tournament is a yearly tournament on the American television game show "Jeopardy!" It features middle school and high school students between the ages of thirteen and eighteen. +The tournament plays like the Tournament of Champions. 15 contestants play in a two week tournament. The first five games are the quarterfinals, with three new contestants each day. The winners of the five games move on to the semi-finals. The four losing contestants with the highest scores also move on as "wild card" players. If there is a tie at the end of a game, a Final Jeopardy!-type answer is given, and the first player to ring in with the correct response wins the game. If all three players have a score of zero, none of the contestants move on to the semi-finals, and another wild card spot is added. The next three games are the semi-final games. The three winners of the semi-finals move on to the finals. The last two games are the two-day finals. In both games, the contestants start with zero scores, and the contestants' final scores from the two days are added together to see who is the winner. The contestant with the highest score from the two days wins. The other two contestants win smaller cash prizes. +Contestant selection. +1990s. +Would-be contestants mailed postcards with their names and addresses to "Jeopardy!". 1,200 teens were selected at random from the postcard entries and were invited to come (at their own expense) to one of four regional test centers ("e.g." Houston, Minneapolis, Philadelphia, and Los Angeles) to take a timed written qualifying examination with the 50 clues read by Alex Trebek on a video monitor at the front of an exam room. Passing scorers were invited back for an interview and mock game using an electronic buzzer system. Their photographs are taken for their files, and they are asked to fill out a short information sheet with interesting facts about themselves that may be later used by Alex Trebek during the interview portion of the show. Selected contestants and alternates were notified that they had been chosen to appear on the show one to two months later. They are then flown to Los Angeles to tape the show. Taping occurs over a period of two days, with the five quarterfinals played on the first day and the three semifinals and two final games played on the second day. Accommodations were provided for the contestants at the Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills, with taping taking place at the Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City, California. +2000s. +Contestants registered on the "Jeopardy!" web site rather than submitting postcards. As before, a select number of registrants were invited to audition and take a written test at a regional audition. Accommodations for contestants are provided at the Hilton in Universal City, California. +2006–2019. +All web site registrants take a 50-question timed online test at one set test time, usually late February. The test is given using Adobe Flash and takers are given 15 seconds per clue to type in their responses. A random selection of those who pass the test are invited to attend regional auditions in November at 4 locations around the United States at which another 50-question written test is given, followed by interviews and mock games. The number of students selected for the regional auditions is usually around 300, from which 15 are selected for the show. +List of participants. +The following is a list of contestants and where they placed in the tournament. Winners and runners-up who earned more than the minimum guarantees are as indicated in parentheses. + Amanda Goad and Derek Bridges were tied for first place at the end of the 1996 Teen Tournament. The tie was broken in a special tiebreaker round. The category was U.S. Cities and the answer was "A November 1995 Bosnian peace accord is named for this city". The correct response, given by Amanda, was "What was Dayton, Ohio?". The 2012 Teen Tournament also ended in a tie in the last quarterfinal match between Evan Eschliman and Gabriela Gonzales. The category was Literary Characters and the answer was "Although he doesn't actually appear in "1984", his presence is everywhere—on posters, coins & telescreens". The correct response, given by Evan was "Who is Big Brother?" (Evan advanced to the semifinals, but Gabriela did not have enough money to make it via wildcard). Jeff Xie and Alan Koolik were tied for first place at the end of the 2014 Teen Tournament. The tie was broken in a special tiebreaker round. The category was the Civil War and the answer was "The battles of Shiloh and Collierville were fought in this state". The correct response, given by Jeff, was "What is Tennessee?". Avi Gupta and Jackson Jones were tied for first place at the last semifinals of the 2019 Teen Tournament. The tie was broken in a special tiebreaker round. The category was American History and the answer was "Types of it you could find in Boston Harbor on December 16, 1773 included Souchong & Bohea". The correct response given by Avi was "What is Tea?". + Owing to a questionable judges' ruling in Final Jeopardy!, Milo Dochow was brought back for the Winter 2000 "Jeopardy!" College Championship; however, he failed to advance to the semifinals. + Peter Morris in 1989 and Muffy Marracco Morris in 1992 were the first pair of siblings to appear in the Teen Tournament; they are brother and sister. Peter Morris appeared again in the 1998 Teen Reunion Tournament. Wen Shen in 1990 and Gwen Shen of 1995 were also brother and sister. Lauren Sager (1991) and Deborah Sager (1995) are sisters. Jay Schrader (2008) and Rob Schrader (2012) are brothers. + Leonard Cooper in 2013 is the only contestant in "Jeopardy!" tournament history (all tournaments combined) to lose his semifinal but win the tournament. A triple-zero score in the second semifinal necessitated the use of the wild card option in the semifinals, similar to the first round. In the third semifinal, Nilai Sarda ($30,400) defeated Cooper ($30,200) and Emily Greenberg ($24,400). The only other non-zero semifinal score was Irene Vazquez ($100) from the first semifinal. Since then, all Jeopardy! tournament semifinals require a winner. A triple-zero score will now require a tie-breaker. +Merchandising. +A console game based upon the Teen Tournament was released in the mid 1990s for the Nintendo Game Boy. +Teen Reunion Tournament. +The "Jeopardy!" Teen Reunion Tournament was a special one-week tournament held in November 1998 at the Boch Center in Boston, Massachusetts that invited back 12 former Teen Tournament contestants from the first three tournaments on "Jeopardy!" +Format. +Twelve former Teen Tournament contestants competed three at a time in four qualifying round matches. Winning contestants who were among the top three scorers would play in the final match for $50,000. Losing qualifiers took home $5,000, while the non-playing finalist took home $7,500. The third-place finisher took home a minimum guarantee of $10,000, while the second-place finisher was entitled to a minimum guarantee of $15,000. The highest scoring player in the finals took home $50,000. +The two nonwinning finalists also received the board game "Game of the Year" by University Games as well as a Tigris Pyramid and Movana. +Results. +Capozzola, Javerbaum, and Newhouse advanced to the finals. + += = = Jeopardy! College Championship = = = +The Jeopardy! College Championship is a yearly tournament on the American television game show "Jeopardy!" It features full-time undergraduate college students who have not yet gotten a degree. +The Jeopardy! College Championship is one of the traditional tournaments held each season on the TV quiz show Jeopardy! Contestants in this tournament are full-time undergraduate college students with no prior degrees and traditionally wear a sweater bearing the name of their college or university during their appearances. The existence of this tournament does not disqualify college students from auditioning for the regular shows, but tournament participants cannot later compete in regular play. The tournament began during the 1988-89 season (Season 5) and has been played every season (except for seasons 31, 35, and 37), always during any one of the three traditional sweeps ratings periods (November, February, or May) with the exception of being held in April 2018 due to Alex Trebek's brain surgery and April 2020 due to The Greatest of All Time Tournament. Some contestants for the inaugural tournament were selected through contestant searches held in Daytona Beach, Florida, and Palm Springs, California, during the Spring break season in 1989. +Format. +The College Championship uses a ten-game format similar to that used for the Tournament of Champions and the Teen Tournament: 15 players, in groups of three, play in five quarterfinal games; the winners of those five games and the four highest-scoring nonwinners as wild cards become the nine semifinalists who compete in three games, with no two players rematching each other in the semifinal round. The three semifinal winners advance to the two-day final round, in which contestants play two separate matches, with the contestants' combined scores for both matches determining the champion (contestants start with $0 each day). +Prizes. +Cash. +All College Championship contestants receive cash prizes, based on their progress through the tournament. Contestants eliminated prior to the finals receive fixed payouts, while contestants in the finals receive guaranteed minimums, but can earn more. Over time, the prizes have increased in value, as shown below: +Trophies. +Winners also receive a small replica trophy of the larger College Championship trophy, which is retained by "Jeopardy!" in Southern California. On the larger trophy are engraved the names of every year's winner. +Vehicles. +From 1993–2004, the winner also won a new car (Dodge from 1993–1994, Volvo from 1995–2003, and Volkswagen in 2004), and the company who manufactured the car matched each finalists' totals and set up scholarships in those amounts earned for the finalists' schools. +Tournament of Champions. +In addition to the above-mentioned winnings, the winner earns an automatic position in the next Tournament of Champions, though two winners (Vinita Kailasanath in 2001 and Joey Beachum in 2008) deferred their berths in their intended tournament until the following installments due to scheduling conflicts. Three College Champions have made the Tournament of Champions finals (Tom Cubbage in 1989, Jeff Stewart in 1994, and Cliff Galiher in 2007), but only Cubbage won the event. +Many college champions have been invited to later Jeopardy! "all-time best" tournaments as well, with varying degrees of success: +List of participants. +The following is a list of contestants and where they placed in the tournament. Finalists who earned more than the minimum guarantee are as indicated. + Milo Dochow was a losing contestant in the Winter 1999 Teen Tournament but was invited to participate in the following year's College Championship after being potentially disadvantaged by a questionable judges' ruling in Final Jeopardy!. + The first quarterfinal match of the 1992 College Championship ended in a tie, between Chris Montplasir and Ken Kansa. Chris won the tie-breaker to earn a spot in the semifinals and Ken earned enough money to earn a wildcard spot (although two other tie-breaker clues were given and correct responses were given for neither, resulting in editing out of the broadcast). The first semifinal match of the 1997 College Championship also ended in a tie, between Steven Beiver and Brian Chan. Steven gave the correct response to the tie-breaker clue to earn a spot in the finals. + Kevin ended up with $0 going into the Day Two Final Jeopardy!, and ineligible to play. He was kept to have his first day score tabulated for purposes of the final score in the two day total dollars format. + Kate Laubscher, Hannah Norem, and Michael Sieja were tied at $14,400 in the quarterfinals at the end of Final Jeopardy. Hannah led going into Final Jeopardy, while Kate and Michael tied. Kate led going into Double Jeopardy, eliminating Michael for the last spot in the semifinals. +Stanford University is the only college to have two winners. +The only College Champions from Ivy League schools are Terry O'Shea of Princeton University in 2014 and Dhruv Gaur of Brown University in 2018. + += = = Julius and Ethel Rosenberg = = = +Ethel Greenglass Rosenberg (September 25, 1915June 19, 1953) and Julius Rosenberg (May 12, 1918June 19, 1953) were Americans accused of being spies for the Soviet Union. They were convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage during a time of war. They were both executed. Their crime was related to giving information about the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. At that time and even later, many people in many countries thought they were innocent and had tried to convince the U.S. authorities not to kill them. After the fall of the Soviet Union, evidence came out that showed that Julius Rosenberg had been a spy but that his wife had not. +Both Julius and Ethel were of Jewish descent. + += = = Bernard Sahlins = = = +Bernard "Bernie" Sahlins (1922 – June 16, 2013) was an American writer, television and theatre director, and comedian. He was best known as a founder of The Second City improvisational comedy troupe with Paul Sills and Howard Alk in 1959. Sahlins also opened the Second City Theatre in Toronto in 1973. +Sahlins was born in 1922 in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at the University of Chicago in 1943. On June 16, 2013, Sahlins died at his home from natural causes in Chicago, Illinois, aged 90. He was survived by his wife, Jane Nicholl Sahlins. + += = = Stan Lopata = = = +Stanley Edward Lopata (September 12, 1925 – June 15, 2013) was an American professional baseball player. Lopata played in Major League Baseball as a catcher for parts of 13 seasons with the Philadelphia Phillies and Milwaukee Braves. A two-time all-star, he was the first National League catcher to wear glasses. +Lopata was born on September 12, 1925 in Delray, Michigan. He studied at Southwestern High School. Lopata died on June 15, 2013 from heart failure in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, aged 87. + += = = Michael Hastings (journalist) = = = +Michael Mahon Hastings (January 28, 1980 – June 18, 2013) was an American journalist, writer and reporter for BuzzFeed. The son of doctors Molly and Brent Hastings, he graduated from Rice Memorial High School in South Burlington, Vermont in 1998, and New York University in 2002. +He was a regular writer for "Gentlemen's Quarterly" and a contributing editor at "Rolling Stone" magazine. From 2002 - 2008, he was a journalist for "Newsweek" magazine, famous for his Iraq War coverage and book about the death of his fiancée Andrea Parhamovich "I Lost My Love in Baghdad: A Modern War Story". +Hastings died in a 4:30am single-vehicle automobile crash in Los Angeles on June 18, 2013. + += = = Carly Rose Sonenclar = = = +Carly Rose Sonenclar (born April 20, 1999) is an American singer, songwriter and actress. In 2012, Sonenclar finished in second place in season 2 of "The X Factor USA". +She started her career as an actress on Broadway in 2006, and she also played Gilda in the television show "The Electric Company". She later became a singer, and sang the National Anthem at sporting events. +In 2012, Sonenclar auditioned for "The X Factor USA" season two, singing the song "Feeling Good", which gave her praise from the judges. During the season, Sonenclar was normally among the top two most voted contestants, along with Tate Stevens. In the finale, Sonenclar finished in second behind Stevens. +In 2013, Sonenclar signed with record label Syco Music. + += = = Paul Simon (politician) = = = +Paul Martin Simon (November 29, 1928 – December 9, 2003) was an American politician from Illinois. He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 1985, and in United States Senate from 1985 to 1997. A member of the Democratic Party, he unsuccessfully ran for the 1988 Democratic presidential nomination. Simon was famous for his distinctive appearance that included a bowtie and horn-rimmed glasses. +Simon was born on November 29, 1928 in Eugene, Oregon. He studied at the University of Oregon and attended Dana College. +Simon was married to Jeanne Hurley from 1960 until her death in 2000. Then he was married to Patricia Derge from 2001 until his death in 2003. He had two children with Jeanne. One of them was Lieutenant Governor of Illinois Sheila Simon. +Simon died on December 9, 2003 from surgical complications after undergoing heart surgery in Springfield, Illinois, aged 75. + += = = Eternal Flame = = = +"Eternal Flame" is a 1989 ballad by The Bangles. It is from their 1988 album "Everything". It became a hit when it was released in February 1989 in the United States. It hit #1 in other countries, including Australia. With this song, the Bangles became the third girl group to have many number one songs in the United States, after The Supremes (twelve) and The Shirelles (two). + += = = Tet Offensive = = = +The Tet Offensive was a military campaign during the Vietnam War that started on 30 January 1968. It was fought by the communist forces of the Viet Cong in South Vietnam, which were aided by North Vietnam, against the South Vietnamese government, aided by the United States and other allies. +Its purpose was to surprise the enemy with attacks against military and civilian commands and control centers in South Vietnam. +Eventually, the Americans and the South Vietnamese managed to fight off the communist forces for a military victory. However, the massive fighting during the Tet Offensive made most Americans go from supporting the fighting in Vietnam to opposing it. The military and the government had told the Americans that the their country was close to winning. After that was disproved by the offensive, the US was said to have won the battle but to have lost the war. + += = = Division of Darling Downs = = = +The Division of Darling Downs was an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was one of the original 75 divisions for the first Australian election in 1901. It was named for the Darling Downs region of Queensland. It included the city of Toowoomba and surrounding rural areas. +Members. +Its famous members included Sir Littleton Groom, Cabinet minister and Speaker, and Arthur Fadden, Prime Minister of Australia in 1941. +The electorate's first member, William Henry Groom, died at the first Commonwealth Parliament meeting in Melbourne in 1901. His death led to Australia's first by-election, which was won by his son Littleton. The seat was abolished in 1984, largely being replaced by the Division of Groom. + += = = A Hazy Shade of Winter = = = +"A Hazy Shade of Winter" is a hit song performed by Simon and Garfunkel in the 1960s. It was covered by The Bangles two decades later. The song was released by itself at first, but was later released as part of the album "Bookends", released in 1968. This single is about sadness during winter. The Bangles version was released in November 1987. Both versions became major hit singles. In the late 1980s, the Bangles' version became more popular than the first version. + += = = Siddur = = = +A siddur () is a Jewish prayer book. It has a set order of a list of Jewish prayers and blessings. +"Siddurs", which come from a Hebrew root meaning "order", have a very long history and so they can be found in a number of versions in different streams in Judaism. + += = = Thomas Kuhn = = = +Thomas Samuel Kuhn (July 18, 1922 - 17 June, 1996) was a Jewish-American physicist, and historian and philosopher of science. He introduced the idea of paradigm shift. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio and died from lung cancer in Cambridge, Massachusetts, aged 73. + += = = Grevenmacher District = = = +The District of Grevenmacher () was one of three districts of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Its capital was the city of Grevenmacher. +In 2015, the districts were abolished. +It was the easternmost of the districts and the smallest of the three districts, with an area of . It is the district with less people living in it with a population of 64,978 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km2. +History. +When the districts were created on 24 February 1843, Grevenmacher was one of the three of the country. +On 2012, the communes of Burmerange and Wellenstein were made part of the commune of Schengen. So the number of communes changed from 26 to 24. +Geography. +The district of Grevenmacher is bordered to the north by the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, to the east by the German states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, to the south by France (the Moselle "département") and to the west by the Luxembourg district. +Composition. +The Diekirch district has 3 cantons and 24 "communes". + += = = Eva Cassidy = = = +Eva Marie Cassidy (February 2, 1963 - November 2, 1996) was an American singer, vocalist and musician. She was born in Washington, D.C. to a German immigrant mother and father of Scottish-Irish ancestry. She performed pop, country and jazz music. In 1992, she released her first album, "The Other Side". +Cassidy died in Bowie, Maryland, of malignant melanoma, aged thirty-three. + += = = Julia Ormond = = = +Julia Karin Ormond (born 4 January 1965 in Surrey, England) is an English actress. She starred in many movies, including "Nostradamus", "First Knight", "Legends of the Fall" and "Sabrina". She also starred on television shows, including "Nurse Jackie" and "Temple Grandin". + += = = Digital Audio Tape = = = +Digital Audio Tape is a magnetic tape that permits to record audio. The recording is digital, its quality is similar to that of a compact disc. It was developed in the 1980s to replace the compact casette. Like tapes used for recording video, the tape can only be played in one direction, the "cassette" only has one side. It competed with Digital Compact Cassette (DCC), and the Minidisc. Unlike these however, it allows for an exact digital copy of the source; DCC and Minidisc use lossy data compression. +DAT tapes were also used to back up computer data in the 1990s and early 2000s. Most computer DAT drives will not read audio DAT tapes. + += = = Sex segregation = = = +Sex segregation is a highly controversial culture-related definition for separation of people according to their sex. This can occur in both public and private areas. There are four levels for sex segregation: permissive, voluntary, administrative and mandatory. +It is always done in prisons and in military service. Socially it is done in sports, but not necessarily in mental sports. It is always done in schools in countries where the religion dictates it. Sex segregation is very unusual at primary school level. +Religion has its effects, but the Christian religion no longer mandates separation. It once did. +Clothing is the other area where differences occur. Again, Moslem countries still demand a dress code for women, but the rest of the world is more diverse. A point which is rarely made is that the simple wearing of clothes is often mandatory, and nudes may be arrested. Practice varies at certain places, such as the seaside. + += = = Digital Compact Cassette = = = +The Digital Compact Cassette (DCC) was a format of magnetic tape, developed to replace the compact cassette. It competed with the Minidisc and the Digital Audio Tape (DAT), but neither format could replace the compact cassette. It was marketed as a cheaper alternative to DAT. +Equipment for the digital compact cassette was able to playback analog compact cassettes as well; recording could only be done to DCC, though. A DCC tape is similar in appearance to a regular cassette, except that it has reel access holes on only one side, and has a shutter covering both the tape and reel access holes, similar to the shutter on a floppy disk. This protects the tape and also prevents it from being accidentally inserted into an analog cassette deck. +Unlike DAT, DCC uses lossy data compression. This means that the copy of the data is not identical to the original. Audio data could be compressed to about 25% of its original size. +The main problem of the format was tied to handling: Finding a song in the middle of a 90 minute tape takes several minutes. With Minidisc it is instantaneous. Minidisc allows to delete or move tracks, features which the digital compact cassette cannot offer. +Even though some of the features were addressed (like rewinding a 90 minute tape in less than a minute), the format never gained much market share. The compression format used by DCC is based on MP1, which came before MP3. The CD-R, which is compatible with standard CD players, eventually replaced both DCC and MiniDisc for home audio recording. The CD-R also replaced analog tape. + += = = Fat acceptance movement = = = +The term fat acceptance movement refers to social movements seeking to change social attitudes regarding being overweight. The movement has a political and culture related background, and its activities include although are not limited to sports, shopping and fashion matters. +This movement argues that those who are overweight are targets of being discriminated against, threatened by hatred and subjected to major prejudice. There have been many debates within this movement. + += = = Forty-seven Ronin = = = +The revenge of the Forty-seven Ronin took place in Japan at the start of the 18th century. It describes a historical event, but there is a lot of fiction added to the story too. +The story tells of a group of samurai who were left leaderless (becoming "ronin") after their daimyo (lord) Asano Naganori had to kill himself by committing "seppuku" (ritual suicide). He had to do this because he assaulted a court official named Kira Yoshinaka. The "ronin" waited and planned almost two years, and then killed Kira to avenge their master's honour. They delivered Kira's head to Asano's grave. After that, the "ronin" had to kill themselves by committing "seppuku" as they had committed the crime of murder. +One noted Japanese scholar described the tale, the most famous example of the samurai code of honor, "bushidō," as the country's "national legend." + += = = Femicide = = = +The term femicide refers to killing women. Feminist Diana Russell is one of the many early pioneers of the term; she defines the word as referring to killing women because of their gender. The term was first used around 1801 in England to represent the killing of women. The term has created controversy, and other feminists differ on what the word "femicide" really means. +Brazil. +In Brazil, crime is in the Brazilian Criminal Code since 2012. The penalty for this crime is 12 to 30 years in prison. + += = = Cinephilia = = = +The term Cinephilia refers to when someone has a strong interest in cinema, movie theories and movie criticism. Since the silent era, there have been various waves of cinephiles, people with strong interest for cinema and movies. The movie community which may have been best noted in relations to cinephilia, however, are one that was developed during World War II around Paris, France. A major influx of foreign movies, alongside a screening program used with certain local movie clubs, generated interest for world cinema among the intellectual youth culture of the city. This community fostered a strong interest in directors and movies which may have been neglected, forgotten or simply not known in the West. Notable directors of French cinephiles in this period include although are not limited to Alfred Hitchcock and Orson Welles. This profession has become less connected with movie going due to presence of DVDs and VHS cassettes. + += = = Avenue Franklin Roosevelt = = = +Avenue Franklin Roosevelt is a street in Brussels, Ixelles. It is next parallel to Bois de la Cambre, a forest in Brussels. Many houses there were built in the Second World War. It is known as one of the most beautiful boulevards in Brussels. The Ixelles community opposes that people build shops or hotels and apartment buildings have to be no bigger than 16 meters high. There are many embassies and residences of ambasadors located on Avenue Franklin Roosevelt. +History. +The avenue was named "Avenue des Nations" in 1922, after Leopold II came the visit de Universal Exposition from 1910. He said it should be a residential area. +In 1945, de "Avenue des Nations" becomes Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, in honor of the president of America. + += = = Bois de la Cambre = = = +Bois de la Cambre () is a forest in Brussels. It used to be part of the Sonian Forest but now it is separate. +The main road around the lake has been closed to traffic on Saturdays and Sundays since the 1990s. +In 1815, on the eve of the Battle of Waterloo, the British soldiers played cricket on land that is now part of the Bois de la Cambre. +There is a park that includes horse rides, an ice rink, boating activities and fishing are organized. Bois de la Cambre is connected to the Sonian Forest as in the past it used to be part of it. Three entries are from the Avenue Franklin Roosevelt. +The Chalet Robinson. +In the 1990s the Chalet Robinson was built on the an island on the lake. The restaurant was destroyed by a fire in 1991. The decision was made in 2006 to rebuild it and it reopened to the public in September 2009. An electrical boat has been made so you can pass from the shore to the island. +Events. +Two days per year there is a race, "24 hours race Bois de la Cambre" that is played by the young scouts other activities are also organized for the young scouts. In 2013 the 24 hours race was canceled because of the cold, wind and rain. Other smaller events are also organized in the park. +Sometimes, sports demonstrations, outdoor concerts, processions coupling, theaters animation or games for children are held during the summer. In the last week-end of August the Fiesta Latina is organized witch includes Latin food and concerts. In September an Eat festival was organized but the first two days were ruined because of the rain. + += = = The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas = = = +The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas is a novel written by John Boyne. Bruno's father is a commandant in World War II and the family moves house to Out-With so that he can work closer to concentration camps under the Fury's orders. After staying there for some time, Bruno makes friends with a Jewish boy named Shmuel on the other side of the fence. They meet up on their side of the fence whenever they can. On the day where Bruno is meant to move back to Berlin, he accidentally enters a gas chamber while attempting to look for Shmuel's father and dies while holding hands with the Jewish boy. +There is a movie of the same name based on it on August 28, 2008. + += = = Prader–Willi syndrome = = = +Prader–Willi syndrome is a rare genetic disorder. It causes obesity, slow sexual development and low intelligence. People with Prader–Willi syndrome also have a higher chance of getting diabetes mellitus, and cannot have children. They are hungry very often, and eat much more than other people. It was first described in 1956. Prader-Willi syndrome is usually diagnosed with a genetic test. Prader-Willi syndrome has no cure. It can be treated with behavioural therapy. + += = = Luxor = = = +Luxor () is a city in Upper Egypt. In 2012, about 506,588 people lived there. To tourists, it is mostly known because of Karnak, as well as other tourist sites nearby. +Because the Ancient Egyptian city of Thebes is located in Luxor, the city has been called the "world's greatest open-air museum." On the other side of the Nile lies the Valley of the Kings and Valley of the Queens. + += = = California City, California = = = +California City is a city in southern California that was incorporated in 1965. In 2020, 14,973 people lived in the city. The area has its own police and post office. + += = = Fokker F27 Friendship = = = +Fokker F27 Friendship is a twin-turboprop airliner built in Netherlands. It was designed to replace Douglas DC-3's airliners. It can carry between 48 and 56 passengers. Fairchild FH-227 is an American licence-built variant, and Fokker 50 is a modernized variant. Some of them were acquired by militaries as cargo aircraft. + += = = Fokker 50 = = = +The Fokker 50 is a twin-turboprop airliner built in the Netherlands. A improved version of Fokker F.27. It can carry about 50 passengers. It is also a military cargo aircraft and a reconnaissance aircraft. + += = = Francis Eaton = = = +Francis Eaton was born ca. 1596 in Bristol, England, and died in the autumn of 1633 in Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay Colony. He was a passenger on the "Mayflower" in 1620. He signed the Mayflower Compact. +In England. +Eaton was the son of John Eaton and his wife Dorothy (Smith) Eaton. He was baptized on 11 September 1596 at St. Thomas church in Bristol, England. Eaton was a house carpenter. He married Sarah about 1618 and had a son named Samuel. The family left for North America in 1620 on the "Mayflower". +In North America. +Sarah died in the New World during the winter of 1620-1621. Eaton married John Carver's servant Dorothy _____ before 1623. She died shortly after the marriage, leaving no children. +In the 1623 Division of Land at Plymouth, Eaton received four shares: one for himself, one for his deceased first wife Sarah, one for his son, and one for his current wife Dorothy. They were all "Mayflower" passengers. +About 1626, Eaton married Christiana Penn. They had three children: Rachel, Benjamin, and a child whose name is unknown but was called "an ideote" (mentally disabled). +Last years. +In 1631, Eaton began having money troubles. He sold some of his land, some livestock, and his house. He died some time between 25 October and 8 November 1633 at Plymouth. He died in debt. His estate included some livestock, fifty bushels of corn, some clothing, some carpenter's tools, some boards, fishing lead, and some kitchen items. He was buried in Burial Hill in Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay Colony. + += = = List of governors of Wyoming = = = +This is a list of the governors of Wyoming. It includes territorial governors. Wyoming Territory was created in 1868. Wyoming became a state on July 10, 1890. +Living former governors. +, four former governors were alive. The most recent governor to die was Clifford P. Hansen (1963–1967), on October 20, 2009. The most recently-serving governor to die was Edgar J. Herschler (1975–1987), on February 5, 1990. + += = = Hobomok = = = +Hobomok: A Tale of Early Times is a book by Lydia Maria Child. It was published anonymously in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1824 by Cummings, Hilliard & Co. The story is about the marriage between a white woman and a Native American man. They have a son. The heroine later remarries, and rejoins Puritan society with her child. The theme of miscegenation crearted a scandal. The book was not a critical success. + += = = MBB/Kawasaki BK 117 = = = +The MBB/Kawasaki BK117 is a twin-engine, lightweight helicopter designed and built in Germany and Japan. It has both civilian and military uses. To 1992 it was built by Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm and Kawasaki Heavy Industries. Later, it was built by Eurocopter and Kawasaki Heavy Industries. Some were built under licence in Indonesia as NBK117. Eurocopter EC145 is a newer type of BK117, but without a Japanese partner. + += = = Lydia Maria Child = = = +Lydia Maria Child (née Francis; February 11, 1802October 20, 1880), was an American writer. She wrote the Thanksgiving Day poem, "Over the River and Through the Wood". She founded and published "Juvenile Miscellany", the first children's magazine in the United States. Child also wrote on housekeeping and child rearing, slavery, abolitionism, religion, women's issues, and Native American rights. +Life. +Child was born in Medford, Massachusetts to David Convers Francis, a baker, and Susannah (Rand) Francis. She attended a local dame school, a seminary, and a Congregational church. She lived for a time with her married sister in Maine, and then with her brother, a Unitarian minister, in Watertown, Massachusetts. +In 1828, she married Harvard graduate, David Lee Child. He was a lawyer and abolitionist. His idealism prevented him from providing his wife with a comfortable home. The childless couple lived in near poverty. In the last years of her life, Child became a recluse. She kept company only with her husband. He died in 1874. +Career. +Her first novel, "", was published anonymously in 1824. It sold well. Another novel followed in 1825. In 1826, she founded and published "Juvenile Miscellany", the first magazine for children in the United States. She wrote a book about housekeeping in 1829,"The Frugal Housewife", a book about child-rearing in 1831, "The Mother's Book", and a book for children, "The Little Girl's Own Book", also in 1831. +She turned her social concerns to Native Americans in "The First Settlers of New England" in 1829, and then to African Americans in 1833 with "An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans". This book prompted many Americans to join the abolition movement, but it also caused Child to be shunned socially. Family friends withdrew their support for her children's magazine, forcing it into bankruptcy. Her nonfiction books about women's concerns and rights in the 1830s sold poorly. +In 1841, she moved to New York City. She edited an anti-slavery weekly for two years, then collected and published her columns written for a Boston newspaper. Her husband was working as a journalist in Washington, D.C. during these years, but the couple reunited and moved to Wayland, Massachusetts in 1850. In the following years, she wrote books about female sex workers, the evolution of religion, African Americans, and Native Americans. Her last book, "Aspirations of the World" appeared in 1878. + += = = Sheree J. Wilson = = = +Sheree Julienne Wilson (born December 12, 1958) is an American actress and producer. +She was born in Rochester, Minnesota. She was married (now divorced) to Paul DeRobbio, and has two sons: Luke (b. 1990) and Nicolas (b. 1997). She is best known for two television roles: April Stevens on "Dallas" (1986 to 1991), and Alexandra "Alex" Cahill-Walker, on "Walker, Texas Ranger" (1993-2001). + += = = Slim Whitman = = = +Ottis Dewey Whitman, Jr. (January 20, 1923 – June 19, 2013), known professionally as Slim Whitman, was an American country music and western music singer/songwriter and instrumentalist known for his yodeling abilities and his smooth high octave falsetto. He sold in excess of 120 million records. +Whitman was born on January 20, 1923 in Tampa, Florida. He was married to Alma Christ from 1942 until her death in 2009. They had two children. Whitman died on June 19, 2013 in Orange Park, Florida from heart failure, aged 90. + += = = Robert Fogel = = = +Robert William Fogel (July 1, 1926 – June 11, 2013) was an American economic historian and scientist, and winner (with Douglass North) of the 1993 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. +Fogel was born on July 1, 1926 in New York City, New York to Russian-Jewish parents. He was raised in Chicago, Illinois. Fogel graduated from Stuyvesant High School in 1944. He studied at Cornell University, at Columbia University, and at Johns Hopkins University. Fogel died on June 11, 2013, at a health services center in Oak Park, Illinois of a short illness, aged 86. + += = = Wilbert Awdry = = = +The Reverend Wilbert Vere Awdry, OBE (15 June 1911 – 21 March 1997), was an English cleric, railway enthusiast, and children's author. Simply known as the Reverend W. Awdry, he was the creator of Thomas the Tank Engine, the central figure in his acclaimed "Railway Series". +Life and death. +Awdry was born on 15 June 1911 in Ampfield, Hampshire. He was raised in Box, Wiltshire. Awdry was educated at Marlborough House School, Sussex (1919–24), Dauntseys School, West Lavington, Wiltshire (1924–9); St Peter's Hall, Oxford (BA, 1932), and Wycliffe Hall, Oxford. +He was married to Margaret Awdry from 1938 until her death in 1989. They had three children, Christopher Awdry, Hilary Fortnum and Veronica Chambers. Awdry died on 21 March 1997 in Rodborough, Stroud, Gloucestershire from natural causes, aged 85. + += = = Eleanor Mondale = = = +Eleanor Jane Mondale Poling (January 19, 1960 – September 17, 2011) was an American radio personality, television host, and actress. +Mondale was born on January 19, 1960 in Minneapolis, Minnesota to Walter Mondale and to Joan Mondale. She studied at St. Lawrence University. +Mondale was married to Keith Van Horne from 1988 until they divorced in 1989. Then she was married to Greg Malban from 1991 until they divorced a few months later in 1991. Then she was married to Chan Poling from 2005 until her death in 2011. Mondale died on September 17, 2011 in Minnesota from brain cancer, aged 51. + += = = Declaration of Arbroath = = = +The Declaration of Arbroath is a declaration of Scottish independence, made in 1320. It was a letter sent to Pope John XXII, dated 6 April 1320. The declaration confirmed Scotland's status as a independent, sovereign state and defended Scotland's right to use military action when unjustly attacked. The letter was signed at Arbroath by eight earls and thirty-one barons. +Background. +When King Alexander III of Scotland died in 1286, his heir was his granddaughter Margaret, Maid of Norway. In 1289, King Edward I of England negotiated to have his son, Edward II of England become her husband and share the crown of Scotland. But Margaret died on her way from Norway to Scotland in 1290. This began a period in Scotland called the First Interregnum (1290–1292). Scotland was without a monarch. Edward I stepped in to choose who would be king from among the candidates who had any claim to the throne. He chose John of Scotland. But, Edward treated the Scottish king badly. When King John tried to break free, Edward put him in prison, then allowed him to live in France. In 1296 Edward invaded Scotland with his army to take everything for himself. Scotland remained without a king until 1306 when Robert the Bruce declared himself king of Scotland defying Edward I. Just before doing this, Robert the Bruce had been involved in a dispute with John Comyn. The two met before the altar in Greyfriars Church in Dumfries in 1306 and a fight broke out. John Comyn was killed and Robert the Bruce was crowned king three weeks later at Scone. Accused of murdering Comyn, the Bruce was excommunicated by the Pope. During the wars that followed, the Scots won a major battle at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. In 1317 the pope called for a two year truce, which Scotland ignored. For failing to listen to him, he excommunicated all of Scotland. +Overview. +The Declaration was part of a larger plan to show the Pope and others that Scotland was an independent kingdom and had a right to rule itself. The English king Edward I had written to the pope before confirming his right to rule Scotland. For his part, the pope refused to accept Robert the Bruce as King of the Scots. +Dated April 1320, the Declaration of Arbroath was a letter to Pope John XXII at Avignon from fifty leading men of Scotland. There were 39 names, (eight Scottish earls and thirty one barons), who signed the document with their seals. On strips on the bottom of the letter are seals and names of eleven more who signed. Bernard Linton, Chancellor of Scotland and Abbot of Arbroath is believed to be the author. It was written at the monastery of Arbroath in Scotland. +The letter began by reminding the pope of Scotland's conversion to Christianity by Saint Andrew. That under the protection of the church, Scotland had lived in peace until King Edward I of England pretended to be their friend. He then invaded their country while it was without a king. The letter then told of the hardships they faced under English rule. Showing their resolution the letter stated: +Immediate effect. +The pope was impressed by the declaration and with the promise by the Scottish barons to support the pope's crusade. He encouraged Edward II to make peace with the Scots. The pope sent two delegates. The French king also wanted to see peace between England and Scotland and he sent two delegates. Peace talks went on until 1321 without the English recognizing Scottish independence. +The English convinced the pope it was the fault of the Scottish that there was no progress. The pope issued six rulings against the Scots stating all invaders of England would be excommunicated and re-issued the excommunication against Robert the Bruce. +Finally in October 1328 a peace treaty was agreed to between Scotland and England. Edward III gave up all claims on Scotland. The interdict on Scotland and the excommunication of its king were finally removed. The second part of the treaty agreed that the son of Robert the Bruce, David II of Scotland and the sister of Edward III of England would marry. The wedding took place on 12 July of 1338 when David II, then four years old married Joan of the Tower, aged six, at the church at Berwick, Scotland. +In 1998 The United States Congress resolved that the US Declaration of Independence has been modeled on the Declaration of Arbroath. It was further resolved that April 6th was from that day on officially National Tartan Day in commemoration of that famous document. + += = = Dansband = = = +Dansband (dance band) is a term in Swedish that describes a band that plays dansbandsmusik ("dance band music"). It is used for bands in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden that perform live music from stage, allowing the audience to dance partner dance. Famous Swedish bands have been Curt Haagers, Ingmar Nordströms, Matz Bladhs, Sten & Stanley, Sven-Ingvars, Thorleifs, Vikingarna and Wizex. +Such bands were very popular in Sweden by the mid 1970s. By the end of the same decade, the genre began to go through hard times, due to the arrival of disco music. + += = = Division of Griffith = = = +The Division of Griffith is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was created in 1934. It is named for Sir Samuel Griffith, 9th Premier of Queensland, Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia, and principal author of the Constitution of Australia. It was represented from 1998 to 2013 by Kevin Rudd, who was Prime Minister of Australia from 2007 to 2010 and from June to September 2013. On 13 November 2013, Rudd announced that he would resign from parliament at the end of week and retire from politics. +Boundaries. +Griffith is in the inner southern suburbs of Brisbane, including Balmoral, Bulimba, Camp Hill, Carina Heights, Coorparoo, Dutton Park, East Brisbane, Greenslopes, Highgate Hill, Hawthorne, Kangaroo Point, Morningside, Norman Park, Seven Hills, South Brisbane, and Woolloongabba, and parts of Annerley, Cannon Hill, Carina, Holland Park, Holland Park West, Mount Gravatt East, Murarrie, Tarragindi, and West End. + += = = Siw Malmkvist = = = +Siw Malmkvist (born 31 December 1936) is a Swedish singer. She was popular in West Germany in the 1960s and 1970s. + += = = Over the River and Through the Wood = = = +"Over the River and Through the Wood" is a Thanksgiving poem by Lydia Maria Child. It appeared in the second volume of her "Flowers for Children" in 1844. The original title of the poem is, "The New-England Boy's Song About Thanksgiving Day". +Boston College writes: "Starting with the familiar line, "Over the river and through the wood", this poem is easily Child’s most famous work. Child never revised the poem herself, but the verses changed over time, especially when they were set to music. +With its bouncing rhythms and high spirits, the poem draws on the writer’s childhood memories of visiting her grandfather’s house on Thanksgiving. Having gained notoriety for her ideas about race, Child kept her antislavery ideals out of this volume in an effort to avoid controversy and boost sales. "Flowers for Children" contains only two stories involving race, and they both avoid addressing racial prejudice head on. In this nostalgic poem, Child takes us back to the simple pleasures of a family holiday." + += = = English Defence League = = = +The English Defence League, or in short EDL, is a street protest group in the United Kingdom which is against Sharia law and Islamism. The group was founded in 2009 in Luton by Tommy Robinson. Groups including Unite Against Fascism (UAF) and Anonymous are against the EDL. EDL can also stand for the "European Defence League", also founded by Tommy Robinson. Tommy Robinson left the EDL in October 2013. Tim Ablitt became the new leader. A report found that 81% of EDL supporters are male. + += = = Koko Taylor = = = +Koko Taylor sometimes spelled KoKo Taylor (September 28, 1928 – June 3, 2009) was an American Chicago blues singer, popularly known as the "Queen of the Blues." She was known primarily for her rough, powerful vocals and traditional blues stylings. +Taylor was born on September 28, 1928 in Shelby County, Tennessee. Taylor was married to Robert Taylor until he died in 1989. Then she was married to Hays Harris until her death in 2009. She had one daughter. Taylor died on June 3, 2009 in Chicago, Illinois from surgical complications, aged 80. + += = = Jeopardy! Ultimate Tournament of Champions = = = +The Jeopardy! Ultimate Tournament of Champions was a special tournament done during the 21st season of the American television game show "Jeopardy!". 145 contestants who won past "Jeopardy!" tournaments or won five games played in a 15 week tournament. It lasted from February 9 to May 25, 2005. +In this tournament, the two finalists from four rounds of play went against Ken Jennings, who is Season 21's biggest winner and, at the time, was the highest winner on a game show with $2,522,700. Those contestants played for a prize of $2,000,000. The two finalists were Brad Rutter and Jerome Vered. Rutter was the show's second-highest winner, while Vered had set a one-day winnings record of $34,000 in 1992. Rutter won the three-day final and the $2,000,000 prize, claiming the record from Jennings. + += = = Cyrus McCormick = = = +Cyrus Hall McCormick, Sr. (February 15, 1809 – May 13, 1884) was an American inventor and founder of the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company, which became part of International Harvester Company in 1902. He invented the crop machine the Reaper. From the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia, he and many members of his family became well known residents of Chicago. The McCormick Place is named after him. +McCormick was born on February 15, 1809 in Rockbridge County, Virginia. He lived in Raphine, Virginia. He was married to Nancy Fowler from 1835 until his death in 1884. They had four children. McCormick died from a stroke on May 13, 1884 in Chicago, Illinois, aged 75. He is buried in Graceland Cemetery in Uptown, Chicago. + += = = Frank Zamboni = = = +Frank Joseph Zamboni, Jr. (January 16, 1901 – July 27, 1988) was an American inventor, whose most famous invention is the modern Zamboni, a machine that smooths the ice in ice rinks. The name "Zamboni" is a registered trademark for these machines. +Zamboni was born on January 16, 1901 in Eureka, Utah. He was raised in Pocatello, Idaho and in Chicago, Illinois. Zamboni died on July 27, 1988 from cardiac arrest in Paramount, California, aged 87. + += = = Sam Houston = = = +Samuel "Sam" Houston (March 2, 1793 – July 26, 1863) was an American statesman, politician, and soldier. He is best known for his leading role in bringing Texas into the United States. Houston, Texas and Sam Houston State University was named after him. +Shortly afterwards, he relocated to Coahuila y Tejas, then a Mexican state, and became a leader of the Texas Revolution. Sam Houston supported annexation by the United States. When he assumed the governorship of Texas in 1859, Houston became the only person to have become the governor of two different U.S. states through direct, popular election, as well as the only state governor to have been a foreign head of state. +Houston was born on March 2, 1793 in Rockbridge County, Virginia. He was of an Irish-Scottish descent. Houston was married to Eliza Allen from 1829 until they divorced in 1837. Then he was married to Diana Rogers Gentry until they divorced. Then he was married to Margaret Moffette Lee from 1840 until his death in 1863. Houston had seven children. Houston died on July 26, 1863 in Huntsville, Texas from pneumonia, aged 70. + += = = Leo Carbol = = = +Leo Carbol (June 5, 1910 – November 13, 1991) was a Canadian ice hockey defenceman who played a total of 6 games in the NHL for the Chicago Black Hawks. +Carbol played most his ice hockey career with the St. Louis Flyers of the American Hockey Association and the American Hockey League with a combined 12 seasons. He also played 1 season for the Minneapolis Millers and 20 games for the Buffalo Majors of the AHA. He also played for the Detroit Olympics of the IHL. + += = = Cheer pheasant = = = +The cheer pheasant ("Catreus wallichii") also known as Wallich's pheasant (in Nepal: "Kahir", "Chihir") is a vulnerable species of the pheasant family, Phasianidae. It is the only member of the genus "Catreus". +The species was named as "Phasianus wallichi" by the English zoologist Thomas Hardwicke in 1827; he named it after the Danish botanist Nathaniel Wallich. Later the name was changed to the present name by the English ornithologist John Gould. +Description. +The Cheer pheasant lacks the color and brilliance of most pheasants. The male has a brownish yellow plumage with black markings and a long gray crest; the skin of the face is red. Its long tail is mainly gray and brown, and has 18 feathers, something that puts this pheasant apart from similar species. +The female is smaller than the male, somewhat duller in plumage and more heavily marked, with reduced red facial skin, a shorter crest and lacking the male’s . +Distribution. +The Cheer pheasant is endemic to the western Himalayas; it is distributed in the highlands and scrublands (a place where small shrubs are abundant as well as small herbaceous plants, without trees) of the southern foothills, most frequently from of the western Himalayas, from north Pakistan, through Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttaranchal, India, to east to central Nepal. +Surveys in 1981 and 2003 in the Dhorpatan area of western Nepal found that there were 70 places where the birds were heard, suggesting that many birds exist in this area (approximately 200 birds). In another survey in 2010, Cheer pheasant was detected in 21 calling sites in Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh. +Biology and social behaviour. +These pheasants tend to be fairly (traveling in groups) for much of the year, with groups of five to fifteen birds, but form monogamous pairs during the breeding season from late April to June. They breed on steep cliffs during summer and the number of eggs in a nest is relatively large; there are usually ten to eleven eggs in each nest, though in some cases there as many as 14. +The Cheer pheasants get most of their food from the ground, digging with is powerful beaks; they eat roots, tubers, bulbs, seeds, insects and other small animals. They look for food mainly during the morning and evening, walking in pairs or, sometimes, in family groups. +In studies made in upper Beas Valley, it was found that the Cheer pheasants were sensitive to the presence of humans. +Conservation. +Due to ongoing habitat loss, small population size and hunting in some areas, the Cheer pheasant is evaluated as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix I of CITES. The Cheer pheasant is legally protected in Nepal and India, and occurs in at least 12 protected areas in Himachal Pradesh, three in Uttar Pradesh and three in Nepal. +Attempts to reintroduce captive bred Cheer pheasants in Pakistan have been unsuccessful. + += = = Brad Rutter = = = +Bradford Gates "Brad" Rutter (born January 31, 1978) is the highest winner on the American television game show "Jeopardy!", and the highest winner on a game show. +Rutter became a five-time champion on "Jeopardy!" in 2000. He later won four tournaments: the Tournament of Champions in 2001, the Million Dollar Masters tournament in 2002, the Jeopardy! Ultimate Tournament of Champions in 2005, and the Jeopardy! Battle of the Decades in 2014 His win in the Ultimate Tournament of Champions made him the highest winner on a game show. This was later beaten by Ken Jennings in 2007 when Jennings won $500,000 on "Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?". However, Rutter reclaimed the record after he won the Battle of the Decades tournament. +In February 2011, Rutter played against Jennings and an artificial intelligence computer called Watson. Rutter came in third place, losing to Watson. He won $200,000 for placing in third place. +In January 2020, Rutter played against Jennings and James Holzhauer in Jeopardy! Greatest of All Time. The event was won by Jennings and Rutter finished in third place. +In addition to "Jeopardy!", Rutter also appeared on the game show "1 vs. 100" as part of the show's "mob." He played four times: on December 1, 2006, December 8, 2006, December 15, 2006, and February 9, 2007. In 2007, he appeared on the game show "Grand Slam". He lost to "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire" contestant Ogi Ogas in the second round. In 2011, he appeared as part of a six-person team on the game show "Million Dollar Mind Game". His team won $600,000. + += = = Alberto Zaccheroni = = = +Alberto Zaccheroni (born 1 April 1953) is an Italian football manager. He led A.C. Milan to win the Serie A in 98/99. He currently manages the Japan national football team. + += = = Susan Bogert Warner = = = +Susan Bogert Warner (July 11, 1819 – March 17, 1885) was a popular 19th-century American writer. She wrote 30 books under the name, "Elizabeth Wetherell". +She was born in New York City to upscale parents. She was privately educated. Her first book was the sentimental and moralistic "The Wide, Wide World" (1851). It is believed to be the first book by an American writer to sell one million copies. +Her novel "The Hills of the Shatemuc" (1856) sold 10,000 copies on the day of its publication. She wrote some children's books and Bible-themed books. She sometimes co-wrote with her sister, Anna. Anna wrote the popular children's hymn, "Jesus Loves Me This I Know". +Susan Warner died in Highland Falls, New York. She is buried in the West Point Cemetery. + += = = Mercy Otis Warren = = = +Mercy Otis Warren (September 14, [September 25, New Style] 1728 – October 19, 1814) was a poet and playwright. She wrote political plays about the problematic situations that led to the American Revolution. "The Adulator" and "The Group" were published on the eve of the Revolution. Her later works included "Poems, Dramatic and Miscellaneous" and "History of the American Revolution". + += = = Sarah Kemble Knight = = = +Sarah Kemble Knight (1666–1727) was a colonial American businessperson and writer. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts. She managed the family business after her father's death. She wrote "The Journal of Madame Knight" while travelling between Boston and NYC on business. The book is valued for its authentic peek at colonial life in 18th-century America. + += = = Frances Ellen Watkins Harper = = = +Frances Ellen Watkins Harper (1825–1911) was an African American lecturer, suffragist, and writer. Her book of antislavery verse, "Poems on Miscellaneous Subjects" (1854), sold thousands of copies. Her "The Two Offers" (1859) was the first short story published by an African American. +She was born in Baltimore, Maryland. She married Fenton Harper in 1860. She headed the African American department of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union. She had a hand in organizing the National Association of Colored Women's Clubs, and became the organization's vice president. She died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. + += = = Ann Hennis Trotter Bailey = = = +Ann Hennis Trotter Bailey (1742 – November 22, 1825) was a scout and a messenger during the American Revolutionary War. She is remembered for her 100-mile ride from Fort Clendenin to Fort Savannah in order to bring back much needed gun powder during an Indian attack. +Life. +Ann was born in Liverpool, England in 1742. She was poor and went to America when she was 19. In 1765, she married Richard Trotter. They moved to Staunton, Virginia. Richard was killed by Indians during the Battle of Point Pleasant on October 10, 1774. Ann swore to avenge his death. +She began wearing men’s clothing and learned to shoot a gun. She volunteered her services as a scout and messenger in the American Revolution. She sometimes met Indians during her trips to the frontier. They feared her because she was "mad". She was known as "Mad Ann". +She married John Bailey in 1785. He was a Ranger and frontiersman. In 1788, he began duty at Fort Clendenin. In 1791, Indians were planning to attack the Fort. The militia did not have enough gun powder to fight them. Ann volunteered to ride 100 miles to Fort Savannah for the needed gun powder. She returned a hero. +John Bailey died in 1802. Ann gave up her home. She lived in the wilderness for over 20 years. She travelled about visiting family and friends. She died on November 22, 1825. She was buried in Gallia County, Ohio. Her remains were moved to Point Pleasant at a later date. + += = = Ethel Merman = = = +Ethel Merman (born Ethel Agnes Zimmermann; January 16, 1908 – February 15, 1984) was an American actress and singer. She was known for her powerful voice and roles in musical theatre. She was the first to sing many famous Broadway songs. "There's No Business Like Show Business" became her theme song. +One of Merman's best remembered performances was as the stage mother in "". Merman was nominated for a Tony Award. She lost to her close friend Mary Martin in "The Sound of Music". Rosalind Russell was given the role in the movie. Merman said it was "The greatest professional disappointment of my life.". +Personal life. +Merman was married and divorced four times: +Merman had two children with Levitt: Ethel (born July 20, 1942), and Robert, Jr. (born August 11, 1945). Ethel Levitt died on August 23, 1967, of an accidental drug overdose. Merman's son was married to actress Barbara Colby. She was shot and killed for no known motive in Los Angeles in 1975. + += = = Fernandel = = = +Fernand Joseph Désiré Contandin was a French actor and singer. He is usually called Fernandel. +He was born on 8 May 1903 in Marseille, France. He acted in comedies for vaudeville and operettas. He was best known for his role in the "Don Camillo" series of movies. His first Hollywood movie was "Around the World in Eighty Days". +Fernandel died 26 February 1971 from lung cancer. He is buried in the Cimetière de Passy, Paris, France. + += = = East Rutherford, New Jersey = = = +East Rutherford, New Jersey is a place in Bergen County, New Jersey. It is close to Manhattan. It has several major local sports teams based at MetLife Stadium and the Meadowlands Sports Complex. + += = = Sake Dean Mohammed = = = +Sake Dean Mahomed (; 1759 – 24 February 1851) was an Indian traveler, surgeon and entrepreneur. He introduced South Asian cuisine (and Indian) and shampoo baths to Europe, where he also offered therapeutic massage., in addition to that he was the first Indian writer to be published in English. +At the age of 11, Mahomed joined the East India Company Army and rose to the rank of captain. He fought in a number of campaigns until 1782 when he resigned from the army and two years later arrived in Britain. Staying in Ireland he wrote and published his book, The Travels of Dean Mahomet. He later moved to Portman Square where he became an assistant to Sir Basil Cochrane at his vapour bath. +This is where Mr Mahomed is said to have added an Indian treatment, champi (shampooing) or therapeutic massage, to Cochrane's bath which became very fashionable. +Sake Dean Mahomed also developed a fashionable massage. +In 1810 he opened the Hindoostane Coffee House which was located off of George Street, near Portman Square, Central London. The restaurant served Hookah with real Chilm tobacco and Indian-style dishes. The premises is now a building called Carlton House. +To many who are now part of the city's expansive curry house business, Mahomed was a pioneer. +Although forced to declare bankruptcy in 1812, he created a concept that was to become something of a phenomenon 100 years later, said Vivek Singh, chef at the Cinnamon Club, a Westminster restaurant serving New Indian cuisine. +Mr Mahomed's plan had been to serve "Indianised" British food which would appeal to the Indian aristocracy in London as well as British people who had returned from India, he said. +"The Indian aristocracy however would not come out to eat in the restaurant because they had chefs at home cooking more authentic food - it was just not a big enough draw to come out." +A few years later he opened special treatment baths on the seafront at East Cliff, Brighton. +He died in 1851 and was buried in St Nicholas' churchyard in Brighton + += = = Johann David Wyss = = = +Johann David Wyss (28 May 1743 – 11 January 1818) was a Swiss writer. He wrote ""Swiss Family Robinson" in 1812. + += = = Dorothy McGuire = = = +Dorothy McGuire (June 14, 1916 – September 13, 2001) was an American stage and movie actress. She appeared in plays on Broadway, including "Our Town" and then starring in a comedy, "Claudia". After being discovered to be a good actress on the stage, she had a more successful career in movies. She appeared in "A Summer Place", "Old Yeller", "A Tree Grows in Brooklyn" and "Swiss Family Robinson". + += = = James MacArthur = = = +James Gordon MacArthur (December 8, 1937 – October 28, 2010) was an American actor. He appeared in four Walt Disney movies including "Swiss Family Robinson" and "Kidnapped". He played Danny "Danno" Williams in the television series "Hawaii Five-O". + += = = What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? = = = +What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? is a 1962 black and white movie thriller-horror movie starring Joan Crawford and Bette Davis. It is about two aged women who are sisters and ex-movie actresses. It was directed by Robert Aldrich. + += = = HIM Damsyik = = = +Hajji Incik Muhammad Damsyik (14 March 1929 – 3 February 2012), better known as HIM Damsyik, was an Indonesian dancer and actor. + += = = Kidnapped (movie) = = = +Kidnapped is a Walt Disney movie from 1960. It stars James MacArthur and Peter O'Toole. It is based on the book, "Kidnapped", by Robert Louis Stevenson. + += = = The Light in the Forest = = = +The Light in the Forest is a 1958 Walt Disney movie starring James MacArthur and Fess Parker; it is based on a 1953 book by Conrad Richter. + += = = Davy Crockett, King of the Wild Frontier = = = +Davy Crockett, King of the Wild Frontier is a 1955 Walt Disney movie starring Fess Parker as Davy Crockett. + += = = Now, Voyager = = = +Now, Voyager is a movie from 1942. It stars Bette Davis, Paul Henreid, and Claude Rains. It was directed by Irving Rapper. The screenplay is based on the book of the same name from 1941 by Olive Higgins Prouty. + += = = Dark Victory = = = +Dark Victory is an American drama movie from 1939. It was directed by Edmund Goulding. It stars Bette Davis, George Brent, Humphrey Bogart, Geraldine Fitzgerald and Ronald Reagan. The screenplay was based on a play of the same title from 1934 by George Brewer and Bertram Bloch. + += = = The Star = = = +The Star might refer to: + += = = Of Human Bondage = = = +Of Human Bondage is a 1934 movie starring Bette Davis and Leslie Howard. It is based on a book by W. Somerset Maugham. + += = = Romeo and Juliet (1936 movie) = = = +Romeo and Juliet is a 1936 American movie starring Leslie Howard, John Barrymore, Edna Mae Oliver, Basil Rathbone, and Norma Shearer. It was directed by George Cukor. It is based on a play by William Shakespeare. It was nominated for four Academy Awards in 1937. + += = = Conrad Richter = = = +Conrad Michael Richter (October 13, 1890 – October 30, 1968) was an American writer. He wrote "The Light in the Forest". The book was made into a Walt Disney movie. One of his novels won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1951. + += = = Tony McCoy (actor) = = = +Tony McCoy (July 5, 1924 - August 2, 2000) was an American actor. He played police Lt. Craig in Ed Wood's 1956 sci-fi horror movie "Bride of the Monster". This movie also starred Bela Lugosi, Tor Johnson, Paul Marco, and Loretta King. + += = = Kuusamo = = = +Kuusamo is a town in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland. It is in the eastern part of Lapland. Kuusamo has an area of . As of January 2014, it had a population of almost 16,000 people. Neighbouring municipalities are Posio, Salla, Suomussalmi and Taivalkoski. Oulanka National Park is in the areas of Kuusamo and Salla. +There is also an airport in Kuusamo. + += = = Phil Bessler = = = +Philip Rudolph Bessler (December 9, 1913 – February 13, 1995) was a Canadian ice hockey right winger that played a total of 31 games in the NHL. +Bessler played in the NHL with the Boston Bruins for 9 games, the Detroit Red Wings for 5 games and the Chicago Black Hawks for 17 games. He has also played with the Boston Cubs of the Canadian-American Hockey League for 2 seasons and the Pittsburgh Hornets, Cleveland Barons, and the Providence Reds of the International-American Hockey League. He played 3 seasons with Omaha Knights of the American Hockey Association and then retired from professional ice hockey. + += = = Forssa = = = +Forssa is a town in Finland. On 31 July 2013, there were 17,724 people living there. + += = = Quidditch = = = +Quidditch is a fictional sport in the Harry Potter books written by J. K. Rowling. Quidditch is a team game played by witches and wizards. It is played on flying brooms. There are seven players per team (three Chasers, two Beaters, a Keeper, and a Seeker). The game has many rules. Chasers shoot the Quaffle (the ball) into the other team's goal to score points. The Keeper tries to stop the Quaffle from getting through the goal. Players dodge Bludgers, balls that are charmed to hit players. Players called Beaters hit Bludgers away with bats. The game ends when the Seeker player catches a winged ball called the Snitch. The team of the Seeker who caught the Snitch gets 150 points. In 2005 a real sport called muggle quidditch was started at Middlebury College. +References. + += = = Mono = = = +Mono may refer to: + += = = Connector = = = +Connector is general name for an electric connector, an electromechanical device for connecting electrical conductors. +Examples: + += = = Bactrian = = = +Bactrian may refer to: + += = = Tony McCoy = = = +Anthony Peter McCoy OBE (born 4 May 1974), commonly known as A. P. McCoy or Tony McCoy, is a horse racing jockey from Northern Ireland. He lives and races in England. +McCoy won for the first time in 1992. He was 17 years of age at the time. McCoy has rode over 3,850 winning horses. This is many more than any other National Hunt jockey ever. McCoy has been Champion Jockey every year he has been professional. Even in his first season riding in Britain, McCoy won the Conditional Jump Jockeys Title with a record 74 winners for a conditional jockey. McCoy got his first Champion Jockey title in 1995/6. As of 2012/2013, he has won the title 18 times in a row. The old record was 7 consecutive titles by Peter Scudamore. +McCoy has won almost every big race there is. His most high profile winners include the Cheltenham Gold Cup, Champion Hurdle, Queen Mother Champion Chase, King George VI Chase and the 2010 Grand National, riding the horse "Don't Push It". +McCoy has raced in over 13,000 races. This is equal to 31,000 miles or 1.25 times around the Earth. He has had many falls since becoming a jump jockey. McCoy has injured many bones in his body. These include middle and lower vertebrae, both shoulder blades, ribs, an ankle, cheekbones, a wrist, a leg, collar bone, fingers and teeth. +McCoy was named BBC Sports Personality of the Year in 2010. He was the first jockey to win the award. + += = = Lockheed-Martin X-35 = = = +The Lockheed-Martin X-35 is a prototype aircraft designed and built in the United States. It was selected against the Boeing X-32 for the Joint Strike Fighter program. Three variants of X-35 were built. Series aircrafts are known like F-35 Lightning II. + += = = The Rebel = = = +The Rebel is a television series. It aired on ABC from 1959 to 1961. It starred Nick Adams as Johnny Yuma. The series was about an ex-Confederate soldier wandering through the post-Civil War West in search of peace. + += = = Nick Adams = = = +Nick Adams (July 10, 1931February 7, 1968) was an American actor. He starred in the television series "The Rebel" between 1959 and 1961. + += = = Bedtime for Bonzo = = = +Bedtime for Bonzo is a comedy movie starring Ronald Reagan. It is about a chimpanzee named Bonzo. It was followed by "Bonzo Goes to College" in 1952 and was distributed by Universal Pictures. + += = = Hellcats of the Navy = = = +Hellcats of the Navy is a 1957 American World II drama movie starring Ronald Reagan and Nancy Davis, his future wife and First Lady. + += = = Santa Fe Trail (movie) = = = +Santa Fe Trail is a 1940 historical romantic movie about the capture of John Brown at Harper's Ferry, Virginia. A subplot involves a love triangle. The movie stars Ronald Reagan as Jeb Stuart, Errol Flynn as George Custer, Raymond Massey as John Brown, and Olivia de Havilland as 'Kit Carson' Holliday. +The Santa Fe trail was also a trail like the Oregon trail + += = = The Fall of the Roman Empire (movie) = = = +The Fall of the Roman Empire (1964) is an historical movie starring Stephen Boyd, Christopher Plummer, Sophia Loren, and Alec Guinness. It is about ancient Roman history. It is sometimes considered the last of the big-budget peplum movies. +Plot. +Commodus (Christopher Plummer) is disinherited by his father Marcus Aurelius (Alec Guiness), by adopting a step-son, his favorite general Livius (Stephen Boyd). As a result, Commodus murders his father, and becomes emperor and rules as a tyrant. + += = = Judson Mills = = = +Judson Mills (born May 10, 1969 in Washington, DC) is an American actor. He played 'Francis Gage' in the 1990s television series, "Walker, Texas Ranger". + += = = ViSalus = = = +ViSalus is a health and fitness products company that sells weight-management products, energy drinks, and nutritional supplements. The company is headquartered in Los Angeles, CA and Troy, MI and is majority-owned by Blyth, Inc. ViSalus' Chief Marketing Officer is Blake Mallen and Ryan Blair is the Chief Executive Officer. +History. +In 2005, Blake Mallen, Ryan Blair, and Miamian Nick Sarnicola founded ViSalus. In 2008, Blyth, Inc. purchased a stake in the company and increased its ownership to almost seventy-five percent. In 2013, the company expanded to the United Kingdom, with an office in Guilford. Ros Simmons was appointed as Managing Director of ViSalus for the United Kingdom. +Product. +ViSalus is best known for its Vi 90-Day Challenge, a health challenge for customers. ViSalus also markets products including NEURO, Vi-Net, Vi-Net Mobile, and Vi-Shape Nutritional Shake Mix. The company sells its products in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. ViSalus uses direct marketing and employs 92,000 promoters. In 2012, the Miami Herald reported that Hulk Hogan and Alfonso Ribeiro endorsed ViSalus products. + += = = Aloysius Gonzaga = = = +Saint Aloysius Gonzaga (9 March 1568 - 21 June 1591) was born in the family's castle of Castiglione delle Stiviere in Italy and died at 23 while in training to be a Jesuit. He is a saint in the Roman Catholic Church. +In 1576, at the age of eight, he was sent to Florence with his brother at the court of the Duke of Florence. After leaving Florence he met St. Charles Borromeo and from him received First Communion. +After a period at the court in Spain he returned to Italy and he renounced his heritage in favor of his brother. Though in delicate health, he cared for those suffering from an epidemic in Rome, hence his early death. +He was beatified in 1605 and made saint in 1726. +The feast day is celebrated on June 21. + += = = Tuber = = = +A tuber is the thickened part of an underground stem of a plant, such as the potato, with buds from which new plant shoots (stems and young leaves of a new plant) grow. +Most tubers are formed in the ground, but sometimes they can be formed above the ground, in the aerial stems; that is the case of the air potato ("Dioscorea bulbifera"). +Functions. +Tuber stems (or part of stems) are made bigger to store nutrients. Starch (formed by a lot of glucose molecules) is the most commonly stored food in the tubers, although other carbohydrates, such as inuline (formed by many fructose molecules), are stored in the tubers of certain kinds of plants, like the Jerusalem artichoke ("Helianthus tuberosus"). +The purpose of tubers are saving food and reproduction. Under natural conditions, the parts of the stem that connect the tubers with the main stem die in the autumn or winter. The tubers are left in the ground and are able to produce shoots from their buds the following spring. +Potatoes are also artificially reproduced by tuber pieces, called "seed pieces". A tuber is cut into pieces, each with one or more "eyes" (an "eye" of potato is a group of buds covered by very small leaves). These pieces are planted and each produces a new plant from one of its "eyes". +Tuberous roots. +A tuberous root or storage root, is a modified lateral root, made bigger to function as a storage organ; sometimes these roots are called "tubers" but they are roots, not modified stems like the true tubers. They are thus different in origin but similar in function and appearance to tubers. Examples of plants with important tuberous roots include the sweet potato, cassava, yam and dahlia. + += = = Chinese Americans = = = +Chinese American describes citizens of the United States who have come from China or whose family came from China. They are the largest group of Asian Americans. Famous Chinese Americans include Yo Yo Ma, Bruce Lee and George Li. As of 2010 there are nearly 4 million Chinese Americans, just over 1% of the total population of the U.S. + += = = PlayStation All-Stars Battle Royale = = = +PlayStation All-Stars Battle Royale is a crossover fighting video game for the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita game consoles. It was developed by SuperBot Entertainment and published by Sony Computer Entertainment America. It was released in North America on November 20, 2012, in Europe on November 21, 2012, and in Japan on January 31, 2013. +Gameplay. +The game plays similar to Nintendo's "Super Smash Bros." series. The point of the game is to beat the character(s) you are fighting by knocking them off of the stage. During a match, players can collect orbs that are in a stage. Collecting orbs builds up a power meter that is at the bottom of the screen. When a player is hit, their meter goes down. When the meter is full, the player can use one of three very powerful attacks that can be used to beat opponents and get points. Up to four players can battle with characters from Sony's video games, including "God of War", "Sly Cooper" and "PaRappa the Rapper". +Items. +There are many different items from Sony's different series that can be picked up and used by players. They can be used by players to do better in the match or hurt opponents. +Stages. +There are 14 stages in the game. Each stage is based on a combination of two games. For example, the stage "Stowaways" is based on the games "Uncharted" and "Bioshock Infinite". + += = = Lily of the valley = = = +Lily of the valley is a flowering plant. It is found in the Northern Hemisphere in Asia and Europe. It is also in the southern Appalachian Mountains in the United States. The scientific name is Convallaria majalis. +Lily of the valley is a herbaceous perennial plant. The flower has a sweet scent and also national flower in Finland. The plant is highly poisonous. They bloom in late spring. + += = = Sarah Bolger = = = +Sarah Bolger (born 28 February 1991) is an Irish actress who stars primarily in movies. She played Christy in the movie "In America". She was also in "Stormbreaker". Her most famous role is Mary Tudor, daughter of Henry VIII in "The Tudors". She portrayed Princess Aurora in season two and three of Once Upon A Time. Sarah was born in Dublin, Ireland. + += = = Streaplers = = = +Streaplers is a dansband from the town of Mölndal in Sweden. It was established in 1959. + += = = Chips (band) = = = +Chips was a country and schlager group from Sweden. It was active from 1979 to 1983. When consisting of Elisabeth Andreassen and Kikki Danielsson, the group represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 with the song "Dag efter dag", finishing eighth. + += = = Wizex = = = +Wizex is a dansband from Sweden. It was established in 1973. With Kikki Danielsson as vocalist, the band participated att Melodifestivalen in 1978 with the song "Miss Decibel", finishing second behind the Björn Skifs song "Det blir alltid värre framåt natten". + += = = Thorleifs = = = +Thorleifs was a dansband from Sweden. It was active between 1962 and 2012. + += = = Monarchy of Pakistan = = = +The Monarchy of Pakistan was the form of government of the Dominion of Pakistan from 1947 to 1956. Under this system, Pakistan was an independent Commonwealth realm with a hereditary, constitutional monarch as the head of state. The monarch was the monarch of the United Kingdom, and was also shared with a number of other countries. The role of the monarch was defined under the Constitution. Most of the monarch's duties were carried out by the Governor-General of Pakistan. +The monarchy of Pakistan was created by the Indian Independence Act of 1947. This act, made by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, divided its British India into two new countries: India and Pakistan, each of which became an independent constitutional monarchy. Succession to the throne of Pakistan was, like that of the United Kingdom, governed by the Act of Settlement 1701. +Pakistan Adopted a New constitution on the 23rd of March in 1956. This constitution abolished the monarchy, making Pakistan a Republic in the Commonwealth of Nations. Pakistan left the Commonwealth on the 30th of January in 1972 over the Rebellious issue of the former East Pakistan province becoming a separate Independent Bangladesh. It re-joined on the 1st of October in 1989, then was Suspended from the Commonwealth twice: firstly from the 18th of October in 1999 to the 22nd of May in 2004 and secondly from the 22nd of November in 2007 to the 22nd of May in 2008-present. + += = = Silvertip shark = = = +The silvertip shark ("Carcharhinus albimarginatus"), is a large species of requiem shark, family Carcharhinidae, found in the Indian and Pacific Ocean. This shark has white tips on its fins. With an average length of 2-2.5 metres, the silvertip shark rarely reaches the length of 3 meters. +Description. +The silvertip shark is slender with a long and broadly rounded snout. The eyes are large and round. An interdorsal ridge is present on this species. The first dorsal fin is large with a pointed apex. It originates over or slightly in front of the free tips of the pectoral fins. The second dorsal fin originates over or just behind the origin of the anal fin. The pectoral fins are large and semifalcate with narrowly rounded or pointed tips. The caudal fin is asymmetrical in shape with a rather large upper lobe. +The top of the body is dark grey or grey-brown with a bronzy sheen, and the underside is white. A white band, which is not clearly visible, is on its flank. +The silvertip shark may be confused with the grey reef shark ("Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos"), but the grey reef shark has dark tips on the pectoral fins and trailing edge of the caudal fin. Also, the whitetip reef shark ("Triaenodon obesus") is similar in appearance to the silvertip shark. Although both shark species have white markings on the dorsal and caudal fins, the whitetip reef shark doesn't have these markings on the tips of the pectoral fins. The whitetip reef shark also has a more square-shaped snout. +The silvertip shark has 12-14 teeth on each jaw. The upper teeth are broad and strongly jagged. +Habitat. +Silvertip sharks are found over continental and island shelves and offshore banks. They prefer offshore islands, coral reefs and banks to depths of 800 m. They are common in tropical oceans. +They have been found in the western Indian Ocean: the Red Sea and of East Africa, including Madagascar, Seychelles, Aldabra Group, Mauritius and the Chagos Archipelago. In the western Pacific they are found off southern Japan to northern Australia and French Polynesia. In the eastern central Pacific they are found off southern Baja California, Mexico to Colombia, including the Cocos, Galápagos, and Revillagigedo Islands. +Behaviour. +This shark is a great hunter and is very stealthy. They are usually found in shallow waters, making them one of the most commonly seen sharks. Its unpredictable behaviour and aggressive hunting tactics make it a higher threat to humans than most other sharks. +Feeding. +Prey of the silvertip shark include benthic and midwater fish such as wahoo, eagle rays, wrasses, and tunas as well as small sharks. This shark also feeds on octopuses and squid. The silvertip shark has been observed swimming along the edge of a group of other species of feeding sharks, taking food from them. +Reproduction. +The silvertip shark is viviparous, meaning that they give live birth. Courtship is a little different in these sharks and they are known to hold each other. Bites are normal, so much so that a female Silvertip shark has been found without a part of the dorsal fin after mating. Mating occurs in the summer. During the gestation period that could extend to a year, the embryos feed from the yolk and once the yolk is exhausted, the yolk-sac modifies itself into a placental connection through which the newborns feed from the mother. +The newborns are born in litters (normally 5 to 6 but can be from 1 to 11) and are anywhere between 63 to 81 centimeters or 25 to 32 inches long. The females are considered sexually mature once they grow to be about 2 meters long and in the case of males, it is 1.8 meters. The pups are known to swim with the mother shark in shallow waters before becoming independent. +Human interaction. +Silvertip sharks are somewhat dangerous. According to the International Shark Attack File (ISAF), there have been four unprovoked attacks by this species on humans, with no deaths. Arguably, humans are much more dangerous to the shark. Silvertips are caught by commercial and artisan fisheries across their range using longlines, gillnets, and trawls, both intentionally and as bycatch. Their fins are highly valued for shark-fin soup and are sold on the export market, along with their skin and cartilage. +This species is vulnerable to overfishing (like almost all sharks) due to its slow reproductive rate. The IUCN has listed the silvertip shark as near threatened, and has noted that it may be approaching the criteria for vulnerable. +The silvertip shark is caught by fisheries in Indonesia, Myanmar and the Philippines. In the Philippines, it is in the top ten most caught species by number (0.73%), and weight (2.6%), with individuals ranging in size from 2.1-2.4 metres, and averaging 23 kg in weight. + += = = Arvingarna = = = +Arvingarna is a dansband from the town of Gothenburg in Sweden. It was established in 1989. The band represented Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 with the song "Eloise", finishing seventh. + += = = Sten & Stanley = = = +Sten & Stanley is a dansband from the town of Karlskoga in Sweden. It was established in 1962. + += = = Flamingokvintetten = = = +Flamingokvintetten is a dansband from the town of Gothenburg in Sweden. It was established in 1960. + += = = Open University = = = +The Open University (OU) is a distance learning and research university founded by Royal Charter in the United Kingdom. +The university is funded by the British state, and by student fees and contract income. It has an open entry policy. This means that students' previous academic achievements are not taken into account for entry to most undergraduate courses. Most OU undergraduate students are based in the United Kingdom and study off-campus. Many of its courses (both undergraduate and postgraduate) can be studied off-campus anywhere in the world. +There are a number of full-time postgraduate research students based on the 48 hectare university campus where they use the OU facilities for research, as well as more than 1000 members of academic and research staff and over 2500 administrative, operational and support staff. +The OU was established in 1969 and the first students enrolled in January 1971. The University administration is based at Walton Hall, Milton Keynes in Buckinghamshire, but has regional centres in each of its thirteen regions around the United Kingdom. It also has offices and regional examination centres in most other European countries. The University awards undergraduate and postgraduate degrees, as well as non-degree qualifications such as diplomas and certificates, or continuing education units. +With more than 250,000 students enrolled, including around 32,000 aged under 25 and more than 50,000 overseas students, it is the largest academic institution in the United Kingdom (and one of the largest in Europe) by student number. It is one of the world's largest universities. Since it was founded, more than 1.5 million students have studied its courses. +The OU was rated top university in England and Wales for student satisfaction in 2005, 2006, second in 2007, and top in 2012. These were United Kingdom government national student satisfaction surveys. Out of 132 universities and colleges, the OU was ranked 43rd (second quartile) in the "Times Higher Education" Table of Excellence in 2008. It was rated highly in Design, Art History, English, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Computer Science, Development Studies, Social Policy and Social Work, and Sociology. It was ranked overall as a nationally top forty, and globally top five hundred university by the "Academic Ranking of World Universities" in 2011, as well as being ranked 247 for citations of its academics. +The Open University is also one of only three United Kingdom higher education institutions to gain accreditation in the United States of America by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education, an institutional accrediting agency, recognized by the United States Secretary of Education and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation. +Drastic drop in enrollments. +The Open University enrollments for undergraduate courses have dropped from a peak in 2009/10 of 209,705 to the latest published figure of 121,395 in 2016/17. According to The Guardian, this was caused mainly by the government. In 2012 it allowed fees for part-time degrees to rise to £6,750 per year, whilst severely limiting maintenance grants for students. Part-time courses at traditional universities in the U.K. have also suffered a drop in enrollment. + += = = Poppy Montgomery = = = +Poppy Montgomery (born 19 June 1972) is an Australian actress. She is best known for playing Samantha Spade on the television series "Without a Trace". She acts mostly on television but has done a small number of movies. She played Caroline Tate in "The Other Sister" in 1999. Montgomery was born in Sydney. + += = = Vikingarna = = = +Vikingarna was a dansband from Sweden. It was established in 1958, and disbanded in 2004. + += = = Lasse Stefanz = = = +Lasse Stefanz is a dansband from the town of Kristianstad in Sweden. It was established in 1967. + += = = Point mutation = = = +A point mutation is a "single base substitution". It is the smallest type of mutation possible. +In a point mutation, either: +A nonsense mutation is a point mutation in a DNA sequence that leads to an early stop codon. This appears as a nonsense codon in the transcribed mRNA. Most of the time, the protein that is translated from this mRNA does not work. + += = = Peugeot P4 = = = +The Peugeot P4 is a car made by Peugeot. It is a 4WD vehicle used mainly by militaries. It was based on the Mercedes-Benz G-Class. It is used by the French Army. Some versions are used by French Gendarmerie, French Navy, and French Air Force troops. The P4 was first built for use in 1981. + += = = Boeing VC-25 = = = +The Boeing VC-25 is a military variant of the 747-200B airliner. It is used by the United States Air Force for the president of the United States and U.S. federal government transport. It is called "Air Force One", when the president is on board. Only two examples were built. + += = = SOCATA TB-30 Epsilon = = = +The SOCATA TB-30 Epsilon is a military training light aircraft designed and built by SOCATA in Tarbes, France. With one engine and a crew of two, teacher and student, it looks like many other training aircraft. It is used by France, Portugal, Senegal, and Togo. + += = = Embraer Emb-121 Xingu = = = +The Embraer Emb-121 Xingu is a twin-engines light transport plane. It is both civilian and military aircraft. It's built by Embraer in Brazil. From 1982, it is used by the French Air Force and the French Navy as a training aircraft. + += = = Nakajima Ki-43 = = = +The Nakajima Ki-43 was one of the major fighter aircrafts of the World War II in Japan. Called "Oscar" by the Allies it was used in all major Japaneses operations between 1942 and 1945. After the war it was used by China, France, Indonesia, and North Korea. + += = = Fiat CR.42 Falco = = = +The Fiat CR.42 Falco is a biplane fighter aircraft used by fascist air force in the World War II and before in the Spanish Civil War. Built by Fiat, it was used until 1943. Some of them were captured by Royal Air Force. "Falco" is the Italian word for "falcon". + += = = Sven-Ingvars = = = +Sven-Ingvars is a dansband from Slottsbron in Sweden. It was established in 1956. The band was popular back in the 1960s, before a 1991 performance at Hultsfredsfestivalen led to a revival throughout the 1990s. + += = = HV71 = = = +HV71 is an ice hockey club that plays its home games in the Husqvarna Garden in the town of Jönköping in Sweden. The club was established on 24 May 1971. It was a result of two local clubs Husqvarna IF and Vätterstads IK joining forces on their ice hockey sections. +HV71 won the Swedish national championship in 1995, 2004, 2008, 2010 and 2017. They also lost the finals of 2009. + += = = Luleå HF = = = +Luleå HF is an ice hockey club in the town of Luleå in Sweden. The club was established on 2 May 1977. +Luleå HF won the Swedish national championship in 1996. It also lost the finals in 1993, 1997 and 2013. + += = = Malmö Redhawks = = = +Malmö Redhawks is an ice hockey club in Malmö, Sweden. The club started on 28 February 1972, out of the Malmö FF ice hockey section. The original name was Malmö IF. The name was changed in 1996. +The club won the Swedish national championship in 1992 and 1994. It also won the IIHF European Cup in 1992. + += = = IF Björklöven = = = +IF Björklöven is an ice hockey club in the town of Umeå in Sweden. The club was established on 15 May 1970 as IFK/SSK, Umeå when the clubs of IFK Umeå and Sandåkerns SK merged their ice hockey sections. The name was changed in 1971. +IF Björklöven won the Swedish national championship in 1987. They also lost the finals of 1982 and 1988. + += = = Linköping HC = = = +Linköping HC is an ice hockey club in the town of Linköping in Sweden. The club was established on out of the BK Kenty ice hockey section 4 August 1976. +Linköpings HC progressed to the Swedish top division for first time in 1999. The club made it to the Swedish national finals in 2007 and 2008. They lost both times. + += = = Mora IK = = = +Mora IK is an ice hockey club in the town of Mora in Sweden. The club was established in 1935. The club lost the Swedish national championship final of 1950 wih 2-7 to Djurgårdens IF. +The club played several seasons the old Swedish top division, Divison 1 between the mid-1940s and the mid-1970s. In 2004, Mora IK qualifyed for the Swedish top division, playing four straight seasons before being relegated in 2008. + += = = Hockeyallsvenskan = = = +Hockeyallsvenskan is the second division for ice hockey in Sweden, where the best teams qualify for Kvalserien, a qualifying competition for the Swedish Hockey League (formerly Elitserien). +Allsvenskan was established in 1983 as an Elitserien pre-qualifying competition, back then starting after Christmas consisting of the autumn season's most successful Divison 1 teams. From the 1999/2000 season, Allsvenskan became played throughout the entire regular seasons, consisting of a northern and a southern group. From the 2005/2006 season, both groups were merged into one. + += = = Vasaloppet = = = +Vasaloppet is an annual cross-country skiing competition in Sweden. It started off in 1922 and has been a part of Worldloppet as long as Worldloppet has been around. Nowadays it is held the first Sunday in March each year. +The competition runs from Sälen to Mora. Women were banned from participating between 1924 and 1980, due to the length of the race (90 kilometers). In 1997, an official women's award was established. +The race is held to commemorate the historical events related to Gustav Vasa back in the early 1520's. + += = = Malmö FF = = = +Malmö FF is an association football club in the town of Malmö in Sweden. The club was established on 24 February 1910. +The club has won the Swedish national championship twenty times: in 1944, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1953, 1965, 1967, 1970, 1971, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1986, 1988, 2004, 2010, 2013 2014 2016 2017 2020 2021. They have won the Swedish cup fourteen times (1944, 1946, 1947, 1951, 1953, 1967, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1978, 1980, 1984, 1986 and 1989), which makes them the most successful team in Sweden in history, in terms of the number of titles in these competitions. + += = = Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland = = = +Walter Stewart (1292–1327) a Scottish nobleman and knight, he was the 6th hereditary High Steward of Scotland. He was also the father of King Robert II of Scotland. +Biography. +Walter was born in 1292. He was the son of James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland and Gilles (or "Egidia") de Burgh. Walter was one of the Scottish leaders at the Battle of Bannockburn. Just before the battle began Walter along with his cousin James Douglas, Lord of Douglas were knighted by King Robert the Brucealong with many others. Both he and James Douglas were both leaders of the left battalion in the battle. He took part of all the Wars of Scottish Independence between Robert the Bruce and Edward II of England. +The king sent Walter to bring home his wife Queen Elizabeth and daughter princess Marjory from Berwick. They had been held prisoner by the English for eight years. Walter then married the princess Marjory. +During the king's absence in Ireland the High Steward and Sir James Douglas managed government affairs and spent time defending the Scottish Borders. Upon the capture of Berwick-upon-Tweed from the English in 1318 he was placed in command of the town. On 24 July 1319 the town was attacked by King Edward II of England. Several of the siege engines were destroyed by the Scots' garrison and the Steward suddenly rushed in force from the town to drive off the enemy. In 1322, with Douglas and Thomas Randolph, he made an attempt to surprise the English King at Byland Abbey, near Malton, Yorkshire. Edward, however, escaped, pursued towards York by The Steward and 500 horsemen. +Walter, Steward of Scotland, made a charter to John St. Clair, his valet, of the lands of Maxton, Roxburghshire, circa 1320/1326, one of the witnesses being "Roberto de Lauwedir (Robert de Lauder) tunc justiciario Laudonie" (Justiciar of Lothian). +Family and issue. +Walter married, in 1315, Marjorie, only daughter of Robert I of Scotland by his first wife Isabella of Mar. The Lordship of Largs, taken from John Balliol, was given to Walter by Robert the Bruce, who also gave him the Farme Castle lands in Rutherglen as well as other lands and the barony of Bathgate, Linlithgowshire. Walter and Marjorie had one son: +Walter later married Isabel de Graham, daughter of Sir John Graham of Abercorn and Mary of Strathearn. They had three children: + += = = Modo Hockey = = = +Modo Hockey is an ice hockey club in the town of Örnsköldsvik in Sweden. The club was established in 1921 as Alfredshems IK before becoming Modo AIK in 1963 and Modo HK (or Modo Hockey) in 1987. +Modo Hockey won the Swedish national championship in 1979 and 2007. They also played in the finals and lost in 1994, 1999 and the year 2000. + += = = Sweden men's national ice hockey team = = = +The Sweden men's national ice hockey team () represents the country of Sweden in men's ice hockey. The team started in 1920. It won the world championships in 1953, 1957, 1962, 1987, 1991, 1992, 1998, 2006, 2013, 2017 and 2018. They also became Olympic champions in 1994 and 2006. + += = = Grace Lee Boggs = = = +Grace Lee Boggs (June 27, 1915 – October 5, 2015) was a Chinese-American social rights activist, philosopher, and author. She took part in numerous women's rights, civil rights, labor rights, environmental justice, and black power movements. Boggs got a Ph.D. in philosophy at the age of 25, which was very uncommon at the time, especially for a Chinese-American. In 1992, Boggs and her later husband James Boggs started a program called Detroit Summer, which was made as a recreation of the Freedom Summer Program (otherwise known as the Mississippi Summer Program), but for youths. The program was an opportunity for local youth to grow leadership skills and to empower them to improve their communities. In 2013, Boggs was featured in a PBS documentary "American Revolutionary: The Evolution of Grace Lee Boggs", which focused on her political views, actions, and steps she took to make a difference in the community and in the world. Boggs also founded an organization called the Boggs Center and helped start a charter school called the James and Grace Lee Boggs School a few years ago. + += = = Örebro HK = = = +Örebro HK is an ice hockey club in the town of Örebro in Sweden. The club was established in 1990 as HC Örebro 90, before changing name in 2005. +In 2013, Örebro HK qualifyed for the Swedish Hockey League. + += = = Färjestad BK = = = +Färjestad BK is an ice hockey club in the town of Karlstad in Sweden. The club was established on 10 November 1932 a bandy club. It adopting the game of ice hockey in 1956. +Färjestads BK won the Swedish national championship in 1981, 1986, 1988, 1997, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2009, 2011 and 2022. They also lost the national finals in 1976, 1977, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1990, 1991, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005 and 2014. + += = = Rögle BK = = = +Rögle BK is an ice hockey club in the town of Ängelholm in Sweden. The club was established in 1921 as a bandy club, even if no governing body was established until 18 December 1932. The club won the Scanian bandy district championship in 1948, before adopting the game of ice hockey in 1950. +In 1992, Rögle BK qualifyed for the Swedish top division for first time. They continued playing in the top division until 1996. Rögle qualifyed for the top division in 2008 and again in 2012 but after failing to requalify, the club will play in the second-tier Hockeyallsvenskan. +The most famous player ever played in Rögle is probably Kenny Jönsson. + += = = Muhammad Siddiq Al-Minshawi = = = +Muhammad Siddiq Al-Minshawi or Mohamed Siddiq El-Minshawi (, 1 January 1920 – 20 June 1969) was an Egyptian Qur'anic reciter. He was born in Suhaaj. He was the son of Siddiq El-Minshawi and the brother of Mahmoud El-Minshawi, who is also a famous reciter and a well known scholar of the Qur’an in Egypt, Cairo. +Background. +Muhammad Siddiq El-Minshawi has become a household name across the Muslim world. He traveled to many countries outside of his homeland, including Indonesia, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Palestine (Al-Aqsa Mosque), Saudi Arabia and Syria. He helped children with the Quran. +He was significantly influenced by his father, Muhammad Siddiq El-Minshawi, also a protégé of Mohamed Salamah, a famous reciter of the 20th century. He studied the rules of recitation under Ibrahim As-Su'oodi at a young age. + += = = Nick Offerman = = = +Nicholas David Offerman (born June 26, 1970) is an American actor, writer, and carpenter. He is best known for his breakout role as Ron Swanson in the NBC sitcom "Parks and Recreation". +Offerman was raised in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He has been married to Megan Mullally since 2003. + += = = Cook County, Illinois = = = +Cook County is a county in the American state of Illinois. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County. Los Angeles County, California is the only county with a higher population than Cook County. +About 5,276,000 people live in Cook County. This is 41 percent of all the people who live in Illinois. Cook County's population is more than the population of 28 U.S. states. More people live in Cook County than in the six smallest U.S. states combined. There is a tax on canned beverages in Cook County. + += = = Marjorie Bennett = = = +Marjorie Bennett (15 January 1896 – 14 June 1982) was an Australian actress. She was born in York, Western Australia, and died in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California. +Her many movies include small parts in the Joan Crawford movies "Autumn Leaves" (waitress), "Female on the Beach" (Mrs. Murchison), and "What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?" (Dehlia Flagg); a voice part in Disney's "One Hundred and One Dalmatians" (Duchess); and a speaking part in "Mary Poppins" (Miss Lark). +Her many television appearances include the recurring parts of Mrs. Neimeyer in "The Bob Cummings Show"; Birdie Brockway in the early years of "Lassie", Mrs. Downey in "CHiPs"; and Mrs. Kenny in "The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis". + += = = Autumn Leaves = = = +Autumn Leaves is a 1956 movie starring Joan Crawford, Vera Miles, Lorne Greene, and Cliff Robertson. It was directed by Robert Aldrich. It is about a lonely woman who marries an attractive younger man. She is forced to confine him to a mental hospital for her own safety. Nat King Cole sings the movie's theme song. + += = = 2010 Brooklyn/Queens tornadoes = = = +The 2010 Brooklyn/Queens tornadoes were a severe weather event that happened in the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens in New York City. Two tornadoes touched down in Park Slope, Brooklyn and Flushing, Queens. It happened between 5:37 PM to 5:57 PM EDT on September 16, 2010. The tornadoes were the second to hit New York City that year, after a tornado that hit Queens on July 25. The stronger of the two tornadoes hit Flushing and was rated an EF1 with winds of up to 100 mph. +The thunderstorm hit New York City during the evening rush hour. It brought strong winds, heavy rain, and hail. The strong winds brought down over 30,000 trees and power lines. In addition to the tornadoes, a macroburst hit Middle Village and Forest Hills in Queens. The macroburst had heavy rain and strong winds of up to 125 mph. + += = = Robert Aldrich = = = +Robert "Bob" Aldrich (August 9, 1918 - December 5, 1983) was an American movie and television director, second unit director or assistant director, and producer. He was born Robert Burgess Aldrich in Cranston, Rhode Island. He died in Los Angeles, California, age 65. +Aldrich directed Joan Crawford and Bette Davis in "What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?" (1962), Olivia de Havilland and Bette Davis in "Hush...Hush, Sweet Charlotte " (1964), Lee Marvin, Charles Bronson, and football star Jim Brown in "The Dirty Dozen" (1967), and Burt Reynolds and Eddie Albert in "The Longest Yard" (1974) and "Hustle (1975)". Television credits include (among others) five episodes of "Four Star Playhouse" and five episodes of "The Doctor" in the 1950s. + += = = Shelby Lynne = = = +Shelby Lynne (born Shelby Lynne Moorer; 22 October 1968) is an American country musician who has done lots of hit songs. She began singing around 1988, although it was 1999 that she released her debut studio album "I am Shelby Lynne". She received a Grammy Award for Best New Artist on that studio album. Lynne was born in Virginia, though was raised in Mobile, Alabama. + += = = Lavinia Warren = = = +Mercy Lavinia Warren Bump (October 31, 1841 - November 25, 1919) was an American entertainer. She was the wife of Charles S. Stratton (aka General Tom Thumb), the star attraction of P. T. Barnum's American Museum in New York City. +Early years. +Warren was born in Middleborough, Massachusetts to James Bump and his wife. She stopped growing at age 10. In adulthood, Warren stood 32 inches tall, weighed 30 pounds, and was perfectly formed in every way. +She had seven siblings. Her sister "Minnie" was even smaller than she. Lavinia claimed descent from William the Conqueror and five Mayflower Pilgrims. +In her middle teens, Warren briefly taught school in Middleborough, then began appearing as an exhibit in a relative's "floating palace of curiosities" on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. +P. T. Barnum and the American Museum. +American showman P. T. Barnum heard of Warren in 1862. He invited her and her parents to visit him in his Bridgeport, Connecticut home. They did so, and Barnum found Warren, "a most refined and intelligent young lady, well educated, and an accomplished, beautiful and perfectly developed woman in miniature." +He hired her for his American Museum in New York City. She lived quietly in the home of one of his daughters in New York while he made arrangements for her debut. He assembled "a very splendid wardrobe" for Warren and provided her with "costly jewelry". She made her debut and created a sensation with the public. +Unfortunately, she was exhibited with Commodore Nutt, another little person several years her junior. He fell in love with her. She however did not reciprocate his feelings, and considered him nothing more than a "nice little boy". +Barnum gave Warren a ring, which did not fit properly, so he told her that she might give the ring to Nutt while he provided her with another. She gave the ring to Nutt, and he regarded it as a love token. Warren was in great distress. She did not want to offend Nutt by repelling his attentions, but she did not want to encourage him either. +General Tom Thumb. +Barnum offered her $1,000 a week to exhibit herself at his Museum. She accepted and was an instant hit. The press adored her. She rivaled Stratton in popularity, and earned $3,000 a day for the Museum. +Marriage. +Warren met Stratton in 1861. They were married in Grace Episcopal Church, New York City, on February 10, 1863. Two thousand people attended their wedding, including the most celebrated persons of the day. +Their "round the world" honeymoon included meetings with the Lincolns in Washington, D.C., and Queen Victoria in London. Barnum manufactured a hoax of the couple becoming parents (fueled with photographs), but Warren was, in fact, unable to bear children. +Later years and death. +The couple travelled widely. They returned to Barnum's employ in 1881. Thumb died in 1884, leaving his wife penniless and depressed. On April 6, 1885, Lavinia married Count Primo Magri, an Italian miniature person who had come to America seeking his fortune. +The couple toured, then exhibited themselves at Lilliputia (aka Midget City) on Coney Island. She met United States President William Howard Taft in 1911. She once boasted that she had met Lincoln and every president after him. Lavinia died in Middleborough in 1919. + += = = Soccer mom = = = +In America, a soccer mom is a middle-class woman in the suburbs who spends a lot of time taking her school-aged children to sports events and other activities. The soccer mom often drives a minivan, SUV or station wagon. Soccer moms are often completely involved and coach their children from the sidelines.The term "soccer mom" dates back to the early or mid 1980s. The term became more popular when newspapers began using it a lot in 1994 or 1995. It became very popular around 1996, when politicians were constantly using it during the presidential election of 1996, including then-President Bill Clinton. + += = = General Tom Thumb = = = +General Tom Thumb (January 4, 1838 – July 15, 1883) was an American entertainer. He was a four year old child when P. T. Barnum introduced him to show biz. The boy (who was passed off as a young adult) created a sensation at Barnum's American Museum in New York City. He toured Europe, appeared before royals, and returned to America rich. Thumb married Lavinia Warren in 1863, and continued to tour. Show biz took its toll on his health however. He died of a stroke in 1883. +Early life. +General Tom Thumb was born Charles Sherwood Stratton in Bridgeport, Connecticut, to Sherwood Edward Stratton, a carpenter, and Cynthia (Thompson) Stratton, an inn worker. He stopped growing at 18 months. He was 25 inches tall and weighed 16 pounds in 1842 when P. T. Barnum persuaded his parents to exhibit him at $3 a week. The boy was four years old when he left home for Barnum's American Museum in New York City. +Barnum. +Barnum molded the boy into an entertainer, and provided the child with an expensive and exquisitely tailored wardrobe. He was presented as General Tom Thumb and his age bumped up to eleven years. +He debuted on December 8, 1842. At first, he was shy about appearing in public, but he took to the stage and began imitating famous little people like Napoleon and Cupid. The General was a hit. Thirty thousand people attended his first week performances. +Barnum and Thumb toured Europe in 1844 with an appearance before Queen Victoria and Prince Albert at Buckingham Palace. Other European royals also fêted him. In America, Thumb remained the principal attraction at the American Museum for many years. +Marriage. +In 1847, Thumb returned to America very rich. Thumb eventually bought a mansion in Bridgeport, and toured alone for a time. He teamed up with Barnum at times when the showman's bank account was running low. +In 1862, Thumb met Lavinia Warren, another of Barnum's oddities, and the miniature couple were married on February 10, 1863, in Grace Episcopal Church, New York City. The wedding was attended by 2,000 guests, many of them the A-list celebrities of the day. +Later life and death. +The couple toured for many years, and made a large fortune. In 1881, Thumb and his wife were caught in a hotel fire that almost took their lives. They joined the Barnum & London Circus. Show biz took its toll on Thumb, however. His health declined. On July 15, 1883, Thumb died following a stroke, age 45. He is buried in Bridgeport, Connecticut. More than 10,000 people attended his funeral. + += = = Milo Đukanović = = = +Milo Đukanović (; born 15 February 1962) is a Montenegrin politician. He has been the country's President from 2018 to 2023. Đukanović has previously served as Prime Minister four times, from 1991 to 1998, from 2003 to 2006, from 2008 to 2010 and from 2012 to 2016. He also served as President from 1998 to 2002. Đukanović is the leader of the Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro. In 2023, he lost his re-election to Jakov Milatović. + += = = Extended family = = = +Extended family means a family including aunts, uncles and cousins. It also means married people living under parents of their husbands or wives. Within an extended family are several "immediate families". +A family with more than two adults is called a complex family. This includes extended families or families where there are more than just one mother and one father. + += = = Juvénal Habyarimana = = = +Juvénal Habyarimana (8 March 1937 – 6 April 1994) was the second President of Rwanda. He was president for almost twenty years, from 1973 until his assassination. During his government, he favoured his own ethnic group, the Hutus. He was nicknamed "Kinani", a Kinyarwanda word meaning "invincible". Habyarimana was a dictator. He was suspected to have cheated in all of his elections. +Death. +On 6 April 1994, Habyarimana, along with the President of Burundi, Cyprien Ntaryamira, seven passengers and three crew members were killed when his Dassault Falcon 50 was shot down with a surface-to-air missile close to Kigali. His assassination caused tensions between Hutus and Tutsis to worsen, and helped start the Rwandan Genocide. It is one of the bloodiest events of the late 20th century. Within 100 days, somewhere between 800,000 and 1 million Rwandans were massacred. + += = = Emmett Kelly = = = +Emmett Leo Kelly (December 9, 1898 - March 28, 1979) was an American circus performer. He created the clown, "Weary Willie". + += = = Jumbo = = = +Jumbo (about Christmas 1860 – September 15, 1885) was the first international animal superstar. He was the first African bush elephant to reach modern Europe alive. He was born in eastern Africa, and captured there by Arabian hunters in early 1862. He was sold first to a traveling zoo in Germany, then to the Jardin des Plantes in Paris. He was traded to the London Zoological Gardens for a rhinoceros. +Jumbo lived in the London Zoo about 16 years. He was the biggest elephant in captivity. American circus showman P. T. Barnum simply had to have this huge elephant in his circus. He bought Jumbo in 1882. The elephant made his debut in the United States on Easter Sunday 1882 at Madison Square Garden in New York City. He toured with Barnum's circus for three years. In September 1885, he was killed in a railroad accident in Canada. +Jumbo attracted as much attention after his death as he did in life. His hide was stuffed and his bones preserved. His hide and skeleton were displayed first with Barnum's circus and then with museums. His hide was destroyed in a fire at Tufts University in 1975. His skeleton was displayed for many years in the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. As time passed, children forgot about him. His skeleton was put away. +Jumbo's sale in 1882 created public anger in Britain. It drew the attention of people around the world. "Jumbomania", a fad for all things Jumbo, was born. The civilized world was flooded with Jumbo neckties, jewelry, and other souvenirs. People around the world were sad when he died. Jumbo's greatest legacy is his name. In the English language, it is now a word that means "very large". +Early life. +It is impossible to know exactly where or when Jumbo was born. In February 1862, a British explorer met Jumbo in the desert camp of Arabian elephant hunters. This camp was on the border of eastern Sudan and Abyssinia (now, Eritrea). The hunters had been hired to capture wild animals for export to European zoos. +The explorer estimated that Jumbo was tall and weighed about . Based on his height and weight, Jumbo was about one year old. He was probably born at Christmas 1860. +Jumbo had a long, hot journey ahead of him. He walked several hundred miles with other wild animals to the Red Sea. At the port of Suakin, the little elephant was put aboard a steamship. In time, he arrived in Trieste, Italy. From Italy, he was taken by train to Dresden, Germany. He was then sold to a traveling zoo. +Jardin des Plantes. +In late 1862, Jumbo was sold to the Jardin des Plantes in Paris. Jumbo was probably brought to his new home in either late 1862 or early 1863. The French were disappointed with him; they thought he would be larger. Jumbo lived in the Rotunda for Large Herbivores with two Asian elephants, several camels and giraffes, and a hippopotamus. +In October 1863, two more baby African elephants and several camels were brought to the Rotunda. The little elephants were called Castor and Pollux. They played together and slept together. Children loved the new elephants. The two animals came to be called "the pets of young Paris". Jumbo did not want attention from people; he stayed in his stable. Five elephants now lived in the Rotunda of the Jardin. +In April 1865, the government found that the living conditions in the Jardin were very bad. Officials thought some of the elephants should be sent to zoos in other countries. The officials of the London Zoological Gardens in Regent's Park wanted an African elephant. They traded an Indian rhinoceros and a few other animals for Jumbo. He was brought to the London Zoo in June 1865. Jumbo was lucky. Castor and Pollux were killed during a war with Prussia in 1871. They were eaten by the French. +London Zoological Gardens. +Jumbo was very ill when he arrived at the London Zoo. He had not been fed properly. His hide was covered with filth that had to be scraped and scrubbed off. The nails on his feet were overgrown, and the soles of his feet were covered with sores. +Abraham Bartlett, the Superintendent of the London Zoological Gardens, put the little elephant into the care of animal keeper Matthew "Scotty" Scott. Scotty had a talent for understanding and managing animals. Jumbo grew stronger and healthier under Scotty's care. +The little elephant was named Jumbo. There is no record of the origin of this name. He may have been named after Mumbo Jumbo, a west African tribal holy man. This is not certain though. Bartlett may have named the elephant Jumbo because he liked the sound of the word. He had once named a gorilla Mumbo. There is a very slim possibility that Jumbo may have been named in Paris. +Jumbo became a great attraction in the London Zoo. Queen Victoria and members of the Royal Family adored him. Children rode in the saddle ("howdah") on his back for a penny. The young Winston Churchill (and probably Queen Victoria's children Prince Leopold and Princess Beatrice) rode in Jumbo's "howdah". +By the time Jumbo was seven years old, he had a huge appetite. Every day he ate of hay, a barrel of potatoes, two bushels of oats, fifteen loaves of bread, and lots of onions. He also drank several pails of water. If Scotty thought Jumbo needed some medicine, the elephant was given a gallon or two of whiskey. +In 1880, Jumbo hit his iron cage doors with his tusks and broke both off near the jawbone. He was in pain. He stopped eating. He leaned against the walls for support. Bartlett and Scotty were forced to perform some crude surgery with a harpoon-like tool they had made. Bartlett was disappointed with the damage to Jumbo's tusks. He had been hoping that Jumbo would grow to be a "tusker" an elephant with huge tusks. After the surgery, Jumbo kept his tusks worn away by rubbing them against the walls of the Elephant House. They never grew more than a few inches long. +In 1882, Jumbo was tall at the shoulder. He weighed more than . His trunk was long. It could reach high into the trees. In the magazine "Harper's Weekly", Jumbo was said to be "as gentle with children as the best-trained poodle dog." The magazine said he gently took biscuits and lumps of sugar from zoo visitors. +Jumbo is sold. +When Jumbo was brought to the zoo in 1865, Bartlett had wanted to raise the elephant himself. He needed a keeper who would obey him. He chose Scotty because he was rather inexperienced. Bartlett would be disappointed. Scotty had his own opinion on how to raise Jumbo. The close relationship that grew between the keeper and the elephant was something Bartlett hated. +In 1882, Jumbo was the biggest elephant living in captivity. Bartlett thought it best to find a new home for Jumbo for two reasons. First, he thought Jumbo was about to enter "musth". This is a difficult time in a male elephant's life. Certain glands in the elephant's head become inflamed causing the animal to behave violently. The other reason Bartlett wanted to move Jumbo was the elephant's close relationship with Scotty. Bartlett thought Jumbo might go on a dangerous rampage if Scotty should die. +Jumbo had tantrums. He would try to damage the Elephant House at night. He may have been frightened and angry because Scotty went home every night. He was only calm during the day when Scotty was nearby or when he carried children around the zoo in his "howdah". Jumbo's behavior only made Bartlett more sure that he must find another home for the elephant. Years after Jumbo's death, zoologists studied casts of the elephant's teeth. They discovered that his molars were erupting abnormally and probably causing him pain. This was likely the reason for Jumbo's tantrums. +Bartlett and members of the London Zoological Society were happy when P. T. Barnum, a circus showman from the United States offered to buy Jumbo for $10,000. Barnum had once owned two museums in New York City. They had burned to the ground. He was now part-owner of the Barnum, Bailey, & Hutchinson Circus. Barnum knew the huge elephant would make him a fortune if he appeared with the circus. +Barnum's partner Hutchinson did not want to buy Jumbo. "What difference does it make if an elephant is seven feet high or eleven or twelve feet high? An elephant is an elephant!" he said. But Barnum wanted Jumbo more than he wanted any other elephant in the world because Jumbo was the "biggest" elephant in the world. Bartlett and the London Zoological Society took only two days to decide that Jumbo would be sold to Barnum. +When the British learned that their beloved Jumbo was going to be sold, they were outraged. Bartlett received many angry letters. Children begged Bartlett to keep Jumbo in London. Art critic John Ruskin wrote that the English were not "in the habit of selling their pets." An effort was made to stop the sale by going to court, but Barnum won. The British courts said he was the legal owner of Jumbo. +A large wheeled box was built to hold Jumbo during his journey to America. It was made of heavy pine boards bolted to a strong oak base, and made even stronger with iron straps. It measured long, wide, and high. It was large enough for Jumbo to stand in it, but it was not large enough for him to lie down or turn around. Although the ends of the box were open, they were made strong with iron bars. Jumbo could look out the open end and swing his trunk. +Plans were made to move Jumbo on February 18. Jumbo would not get into the box. A second attempt was made on February 19 with the same result. Jumbo laid down in the street. Crowds of people cheered for Jumbo. He stayed in the street for a week. Bill Newman, Barnum's agent in London, sent the showman a telegram. "Jumbo won't get up", it read. Barnum sent a telegram back reading, "Let him stay there as long as he wants. It's great publicity." +Bartlett thought Scotty was controlling Jumbo with a secret signal to keep him from getting into the box. He told Scotty +he would be fired if Jumbo did not get into the box. The next day, Scotty got Jumbo to enter the box. Barnum hired Scotty to take care of Jumbo even though he had many elephant keepers in the United States. +Jumbomania. +People around the world were interested in the sale of Jumbo. Souvenirs such as Jumbo neckties, fans, and hats were sold in England and America. Jumbo's picture was printed on thousands of advertisements. Some of these advertisements showed Jumbo in strange places like the opera house and a saloon in the Wild West. +Potholders, cigars, and a large sewing machine were all named after Jumbo. Soap, thread, and baking powder were sold using Jumbo's name. One advertisement from this time shows Jumbo in leather boots running across a desert. Another picture shows Jumbo feeding a baby elephant a laxative called Castoria. +Thousands of letters were sent to London Zoo officials. The writers of these letters wanted Jumbo to live at peace in England. A "Jumbo Retention Fund" was set up to keep Jumbo in the London Zoo. One lady sent her new sewing machine to the fund. A bride sent Jumbo a piece of her wedding cake. Thousands of children wrote to Barnum begging him to leave Jumbo in his London home. Barnum refused. +Jumbo leaves England. +Jumbo lived sixteen years and nine months in the London Zoo. He was now about to start a new life in another land. His trip to America started on the cold morning of March 22, 1882. Jumbo was put into a harness early in the morning. He was led to the box. He did not want to get into it, but he did. It took two hours to chain the fighting elephant inside the box. +Six horses pulled the box from the yard at the Elephant House. It sank into the soft soil of a path. It took three hours to pull the box from the path. It sank into soft soil two more times on its way to the zoo gates. Four more horses were harnessed to the box. It passed through the main gate about 1:30 a.m. The five-mile trip to the London docks started. +The most level way to the Thames was chosen because the horses could not pull the box up any hills. Crowds were watching. Scotty rode on the front of the box. He comforted Jumbo and stroked his trunk. Jumbo was quiet through most of the journey. The box started down a steep hill near the old Clerkenwell House of Detention at the top of Farrington Road. Jumbo shook his head in alarm. The box was forced to move very slowly. +At St Katharine's Dock, east of the Tower of London, the box was lifted with a winch at 7 a.m. on March 23. It was put on the barge, "Clarence". Workers made the box secure. Jumbo was given a big breakfast. An old lady who had walked behind the box all the way from Regent's Park brought Jumbo some beer. She said good-bye through her tears. +Three hours later, the tide was favorable. The barge was towed into the river by tugboats bearing the Union Jack and the Stars and Stripes. Thousands of people had gathered in every empty space to say good-bye to Jumbo. The barge floated downstream to the Isle of Dogs. +Jumbo took alarm again when the barge passed Dundee Docks. He rammed the bars of his crate. The bars were loosened. The engines were cut. Scotty comforted the frightened elephant. The trip was resumed. At the Millwall Docks, the box was lifted by crane about 3:45 p.m. to the quayside. It was here that Jumbo would spend the night. +The box was weighed as it was lifted. It weighed twelve and a half tons. It was known that the wood and iron of the box weighed six and a half tons. Jumbo therefore weighed six tons. Scotty and Bartlett had always thought Jumbo weighed six tons. But this was the first time Jumbo had actually been weighed mechanically. On Friday March 24, it took only eight minutes to lower Jumbo and his box to the "Assyrian Monarch". +There were 600 passengers on the "Assyrian Monarch". They were mostly Russian Jews going to the United States. There were 90 crew members. Food was brought on the ship for Jumbo's 13–14 day voyage. There were 65 bales of hay, of ship's biscuits, 50 loaves of white bread, three sacks of oats, three sacks of bran, and two sacks of onions. +A lunch party was held on the ship for London Zoo officials, the Sheriff of London, businessmen, Barnum's agents, and others interested in the adventure. Barnum's agent Bill Newman was given the Zoological Society's Gold Medal for calmly and skillfully handling Jumbo. Scotty the man who had given Jumbo devoted care and love for 18 years was ignored. The ship left the next morning. Lady Angela Burdett-Coutts was Jumbo's great friend. She came from London to Gravesend with friends to feed the elephant his last English buns. When the visitors left, the ship put out to sea. +Scotty took off most of Jumbo's chains to make him comfortable. His head, body, and trunk were free. His feet were chained. The elephant leaned against the side of the box. He fell asleep for the first time in several days. Jumbo's box got plenty of fresh air. Passengers fed him bread and fruit. Barnum had news stories about Jumbo put in rubber bags then dropped into the sea. Weeks later, the first bag washed ashore in southern Ireland. A telegram was sent to London after passing the last point of British soil called the Lizard. It read, "Jumbo well; very quiet; unchained." +Jumbo arrives in America. +The "Assyrian Monarch" arrived in the New York harbor about midnight on Easter Sunday April 9, 1882 after almost two weeks on the sea. A telegram was sent to the "London Times" telling the British that Jumbo had arrived safely in America and was in good health. Jumbo's crate was lifted from the hold of the "Assyrian Monarch" to a small steamer called "Only Son". Jumbo was ferried across the Hudson River to the New York docks. +Barnum and his partners Bailey and Hutchinson went aboard the "Only Son" with several journalists to see Jumbo. The elephant had traveled well. He drank a bottle of whiskey. Barnum did not drink alcoholic beverages and protested. He looked at Scotty and said, "I do believe that elephant's growth has been stunted by the use of beer." +Some journalists were disappointed with Jumbo's height. They said he was just as big as the other elephants in Barnum's circus. Barnum told them there was a big difference between an elephant's actual height and his "museum" height. The journalists were satisfied with this explanation (whatever it meant). Barnum was thrilled with Jumbo. Everyone was talking about the animal, and this meant ticket sales. +Superintendent Hatfield of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children came aboard the "Only Son". He had heard reports of Jumbo's bad temper, and boarded the ship to be certain Jumbo was not a threat to the children of New York City. Barnum told him Jumbo was "perfectly lamb-like". Hatfield took a long look at Jumbo, then left the ship with the sense that Jumbo was indeed a gentle animal. +A crowd of hundreds had gathered on shore to welcome Jumbo. By late afternoon, the crowd had grown to 10,000 impatient, noisy onlookers. Jumbo became frightened. His crate swayed as it was lifted and lowered to a waiting barge. Three cheers were raised. By 7:00 pm, Jumbo was ashore. His crate had been put on a strong wagon. +The crowd wanted Jumbo to walk up Broadway to Madison Square Garden where the circus was playing. Bailey would not allow it, fearing the animal might attack the crowd. Eight horses and 500 men could not move the wagon. Another eight horses were brought in as well as Gypsy and Chief, two Asian elephants from the circus. The eight additional horses were not needed. They were led behind the wagon as it started to move. The elephants were used as needed to push the wagon out of ruts. +When the procession arrived at Madison Square Garden, Jumbo's crate was too tall for the building's entrance. He was left on the sidewalk for the night, his crate covered with tarpaulins. In the morning, blacksmiths removed the iron bars of the crate. Jumbo was free, but he would not leave the crate. Scotty stood aside to let Jumbo take his time. The elephant finally stepped out, and went into the building. Floorboards shattered under his weight. When he reached the race track, he knelt and rolled over. Scotty assured everyone Jumbo was not dead but only resting after his long trip. He finally rose and was taken to his stall, after another rest period. Once in his stall, a heavy chain fastened to a stake was wrapped around his leg. He yanked the stake from the ground and tossed it aside. Meanwhile, the largest crowd in circus history was waiting for the afternoon performance to start. +Jumbo in America. +Barnum bought Jumbo for $10,000. Jumbo's entire costs actually amounted to $30,000. Barnum later wrote that Jumbo earned his costs in his first two weeks with the circus at Madison Square Garden. Jumbo did no tricks, but 20,000 customers per day saw him in the circus zoo and the parade at the start of the show. The London Zoo had sent Jumbo's "howdah" to America. The great elephant gave rides to circus customers. +On a trip to England in late May 1882, Barnum met a crowd of children on the street who were still angry that the elephant had been taken away. Barnum made plans the same month to raise an iron building on the Thames Embankment for his circus shows. People in the neighborhood did not like the idea. They said they would go to court to stop the plan. Barnum dropped the idea. +Barnum had another publicity plan. The Brooklyn Bridge was finished in 1883. This was a long-awaited and exciting event. Barnum offered the bridge company $5,000 to allow Jumbo to cross the bridge before the official opening. The company directors believed Barnum was using the bridge for circus publicity. They said "no" to his offer. +Jumbo travelled in luxury when he went on tour every year. He had his own railway boxcar. Barnum called it "Jumbo's Palace Car". It was a red and gold boxcar with huge double doors at the center for Jumbo to be able to go in and out easily. Scotty slept in a bunk in a little room near Jumbo's head. Jumbo would never let Scotty close the door to the little room. He loved his friend and wanted to be near him always. +Scotty and Jumbo always shared a bottle of beer before going to bed for the night. It was a little ritual Jumbo loved. One night Scotty drank the bottle of beer and fell asleep. Jumbo picked him up very carefully and set him down near the empty bottle. Scotty woke up and found the bottle. He "got the message". He never forgot to share a bottle of beer with Jumbo again. +In his four seasons as the top star of Barnum's circus, Jumbo never hurt anyone. Now and then though, he tested his strength by destroying parts of his winter Elephant House. Jumbo earned $1.5 million in his first year with the circus. It is likely 16 million adults and 4 million children saw him at the circus. +In his last years with the circus, Jumbo's health grew poor. He could not eat his food because his teeth were worn out. There was no treatment. Jumbo would sooner or later die of this trouble with his teeth. Barnum made plans to have Jumbo preserved after his death by a taxidermist. He arranged everything while Jumbo was still alive just in case the elephant died suddenly. +Jumbo's death. +Jumbo was 24 when he was killed on September 15, 1885, in the rail yards at St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada. It was about 9:30 pm. The circus had just finished a performance. The elephants were being led along the main track in the rail yards to their boxcars. To their left was a steep bank; to their right was the circus train. An unscheduled freight train roared down upon them from the east. The engineer tried to stop the train, but failed. +Animal keepers got most of the elephants to safety down the bank. Jumbo and a dwarf elephant called Tom Thumb were the last act on the programme and the last to leave the Big Top. Tom Thumb was behind Jumbo. the little elephant was hit by the train and thrown into a ditch. His left leg was broken, but he lived. Jumbo ran down the track away from the oncoming train with Scotty beside him. The locomotive struck Jumbo from behind. He roared in pain as the train carried him down the track. He was wedged partly above and partly below a flatcar. +Jumbo's skull was fractured in several places. He had serious injuries inside his body. Blood poured from his mouth and trunk. Jumbo reached for and held Scotty's hand in his trunk. He died within minutes of the accident. The locomotive and the tender were thrown off the track. They were destroyed in the collision. +Neither Barnum or Bailey was on the scene of the accident. Hutchinson directed the clean up. One hundred men were needed to remove Jumbo's body from the tracks. Policemen were sent to the scene to drive away souvenir hunters. Scotty became hysterical when he discovered half of Jumbo's ear had been cut off by a collector. +Taxidermists from Rochester, New York, eventually arrived to take charge of the body. Jumbo's death was a serious loss for the circus. So much so that Barnum took the first steps in bankruptcy proceedings a few days after the tragedy. +Just before Jumbo's trip to America in 1882, Barnum had insured the elephant for $500,000. The policy expired once Jumbo stepped on American soil. The elephant was not insured at the time of his death. He had been brought into the United States as "breeding stock". No insurance company would cover livestock for accidents. Jumbo left no children in spite of the fact that he had an elephant "wife" in the London Zoo named Alice. He had completely ignored her during the 18 years he had called London home. Alice was given black and a widow's cap to wear after the death of her "husband". +Barnum sues the railway. +Barnum sued the Canadian Grand Trunk Railway for $100,000. The case was heard in April 1887. The company claimed it was not liable for Jumbo's death. They said the circus workers were responsible for the death of the elephant. The circus workers had cut down part of a fence so they could lead the elephants across the track. If they had used the regular crossing further down the track, the company stated, railway workers would have warned them of the approaching train. The accident could have been avoided. +The railway also claimed Jumbo was worthless. The London Zoo had sold him, the railway stated, because he was a dangerous animal. They also pointed out that they were not liable for losses above $15,000 as stated in their contract with the circus. The circus argued the contract was illegal, and presented statements from Scotty and other professional animal people who had worked with Jumbo. These statements said Jumbo was not dangerous. +Barnum finally withdrew the lawsuit. He needed the good will of the Grand Trunk Railway if he wanted to move his circus around Canada. He settled out of court for $5,000. He was also granted the right to use the Grand Trunk rails for free in the coming year. This was worth $5,000 in itself. Barnum left court with $10,000. +Conspiracy theories. +Two weeks after Jumbo's death, a news reporter named C. F. Richtel of the Hartford, Connecticut, "Sunday Globe" suggested Barnum had killed the elephant "for advertising purposes". Richtel was an old enemy of Barnum's, and accused the showman of masterminding Jumbo's death because the elephant had tuberculosis. Barnum sued the newspaper for $50,000. He settled out of court. The editor of the "Globe" learned the truth about Jumbo's death when he interviewed Scotty and others who had been present at the elephant's end. The editor fired Richtel and published a meek apology to Barnum. +A theory put forth in 1960 alleged that Jumbo's flatulence had created a nasty problem for Barnum and the circus, so the showman decided to get rid of the elephant. Under cover of darkness and amid the clamor of the rail yard, Barnum was said to have had an animal keeper fire a single shot from a powerful pistol into Jumbo's eye. The elephant staggered some distance, trampled the dwarf elephant, collapsed, and died beneath a railway car. No projectiles were found during examinations of Jumbo after his death or later examinations of his skull. The theory has been proven false. +Aftermath. +Barnum tried to get as much publicity as possible from Jumbo's death. He called a publisher three days after the accident. He wanted a children's book printed at Christmas about the event. He also told news reporters a lie about Jumbo saving both the dwarf elephant and Scotty, then turning to face the train alone and head-on. +Jumbo's remains were sent far and wide across America. His tusks were broken into many pieces in the accident. These pieces were sold as souvenirs. Cornell University bought Jumbo's heart. The great elephant's bones toured America for a few years with the circus. They weighed . Then they were sent to the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. His skeleton was put on display now and then. As time passed though, children forgot him. The skeleton was put away. It was never displayed after 1977. +Jumbo's hide was stuffed in Rochester, New York. Barnum told the taxidermists that he wanted Jumbo to look like a mountain. They pulled the hide as much as possible without tearing it. After all the hard work, Jumbo stood a foot taller in death than he had in life. The stuffed hide toured with the circus for a few years. It was then sent to the Barnum Museum of Natural History at Tufts University. It weighed . At Tufts, Jumbo became the school mascot. His picture was put on school-related items like hats and flags. +On April 14, 1975, Jumbo's hide and many other museum pieces which could never be replaced were destroyed in a fire at Tufts. Some of what was believed to be Jumbo's ashes was put in a Peter Pan Crunchy Peanut Butter jar. The jar was kept in the university's athletic department. School athletes rubbed it for good luck before games. +On the 100th anniversary of Jumbo's death in 1985, a monument by Winston Bronnum was built to the great elephant in St. Thomas. It stands on a bluff above the city. Not far away is a bright red caboose. It is a souvenir stand. There is also a museum at the site that displays a model of a small circus. +Legacy. +Jumbo's legacy was the joy he gave millions of people just by being himself. His name however may be his greatest legacy. Before the big elephant, the word 'Jumbo' was not known in the English language. The word has entered the language to mean anything that is huge. People will always remember Jumbo because of this word. +Jumbo's enormous size caused scientists to think he was a separate species of elephant. He was the largest elephant ever known. He was named the type specimen for this new species. At a later time, it was learned that Jumbo was not a separate species, but a variant of a known species. He became then a subspecies. +After Jumbo's death, it was important that he be dissected by scientists. It was important that his skeleton be carefully kept for future scientists to study. The dissection was started in St. Thomas, and completed in Rochester, New York. Jumbo's stomach was cut open. Coins, keys, rivets, screws, and a policeman's whistle fell out. +Just before the stuffed Jumbo and his skeleton were put on display, Barnum asked newspaper people and high-society ladies to come to a fancy hotel for a party. He made speeches, then served his guests a gelatin dish made from Jumbo's ground tusks. + += = = Cessna 620 = = = +The Cessna 620 is a light transport aircraft prototype built in the United States in 1956. It's the only four-engine aircraft built by Cessna. It can carry between eight and ten passengers. Flights were stopped in 1957. + += = = Money plant = = = +Money plant is the trivial name of several plants: + += = = Minnie Warren = = = +Huldah Pierce Warren Bump (known as Minnie Warren; June 2, 1849–July 23, 1878) was an American entertainer. She was born in Middleborough, Massachusetts, and toured with her sister, entertainer Lavinia Warren, the wife of General Tom Thumb. Minnie died in childbirth in 1878. She was buried in Nemasket Hill Cemetery, Middleborough, Massachusetts. + += = = Aralkum = = = +Aralkum is the name of a new desert that has appeared in the area that was once occupied by the Aral Sea. It lies south an east of what remains of the Aral Sea. + += = = Maternal bond = = = +A maternal bond means the connections that often happen during pregnancy issues and childbirth, or between women and unrelated children, such as with adoptions. Maternal bonds are influenced by hundreds of emotional, mental and physical issues. Some new mothers do not bond instantly, however. + += = = Carcharhinidae = = = +Carcharhinidae, also known as the requiem sharks, is a family of sharks in the order Carcharhiniformes. +There are currently 60 species of requiem sharks which are grouped into 12 genera. Some of the most familiar species in this family are the lemon shark, the blue shark, the tiger shark, the bull shark, and the whitetip reef shark. +Requiem sharks are found in temperate and tropical oceans, and many species are worldwide. Some live in the open ocean (oceanic whitetip shark), while some live in freshwater rivers and lakes (bull shark). +All species of requiem sharks have a head of normal shape. Their eyes have a nictitating (winking) membranes. They have caudal fins with the upper lobe being larger than the lower but not very long, two spineless dorsal fins, the first one usually much larger than the second in most of the Atlantic species, an anal fin, a caudal peduncle which doesn't have lateral keels, and sharp, bladelike teeth with a single cusp. +Almost all species of requiem sharks have a similar diet of fish, octopus, marine mammals and seabirds. Since they look similar, it is usually hard to tell one species from another. +Evolutionary history. +The oldest member of the family is from the early Cretaceous of France. Only a few examples of the group are known from before the beginning of the Cenozoic. Modern carcharinid sharks have extensively diversified in coral reef habitats. +Genera. +There are 12 genera in the family Carcharhinidae: + += = = Springfield Model 1855 = = = +The Model 1855 Springfield was a rifled musket used in the mid-19th century. This is a type of musket that was used to fire long-range shots, before the enemy could get close enough. It was produced by the Springfield Armory in Massachusetts, United States. + += = = Narcissistic parent = = = +The term narcissistic parent refers to parents who are affected by narcissism. They are almost exclusively close to and possessive about their children. The parents are especially envious regarding their child growing to independence. In other words, narcissistic parents often feel senses of losses when their children grow to adulthood. The parents carry self-esteem problems and extreme needs regarding how others may look at or regard them. Children are often punished very strongly if narcissistic parents are not responded to in adequacy. The behavior of such parents is not flexible, and they have an inability to admit to their own fault or feel sympathy and empathy. + += = = Leptospira = = = +Leptospiras are long, thin motile spirochaetes. They may be free-living or parasitic. They survive well in fresh water, soil, and mud in tropical areas. They have been studied at the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). +Molecular taxonomic studies at CDC and elsewhere have identified 13 named and 4 unnamed species of pathogenic leptospires. Leptospirosis causes a wide range of symptoms, and some infected persons may have no symptoms at all. Symptoms of leptospirosis include high fever, severe headache, chills, muscle aches, and vomiting, and may include jaundice (yellow skin and eyes), red eyes, abdominal pain, diarrhea, or a rash. + += = = Commodore Nutt = = = +Commodore Nutt (April 1, 1848 – May 25, 1881) was an American entertainer. He was born with the name George Washington Morrison Nutt in New Hampshire. He was very short. In 1861, he was touring New England with a circus when P. T. Barnum hired him to appear at the American Museum in New York City. Barnum gave Nutt the stage name Commodore Nutt, a wardrobe that included naval uniforms, and a miniature carriage in the shape of an English walnut. Nutt became one of the Museum's major attractions. +Nutt was in love with Lavinia Warren, another little person like him, at the American Museum. Lavinia was several years older than Nutt. She thought of him only as a "nice little boy". This in some ways, made Nutt depressed later on in life. She married General Tom Thumb in a spectacular wedding masterminded by Barnum in 1863. Nutt went to the wedding as Thumb's best man. He stayed away from women for a long time after the wedding. In 1879, he married Lilian Elston of Redwood City, California. +Nutt toured the world between 1869 and 1872 with the Thumbs and Lavinia's sister, Minnie Warren. They returned to America rich after performing before royalty. Nutt left Barnum's employ after a disagreement with the showman. He toured with a comic opera company, put together a variety show on the United States West Coast, and operated saloons in Oregon and California. He returned to New York City, and died there of Bright's disease in May 25, 1881. +Birth and family. +George Washington Morrison Nutt was born in Manchester, New Hampshire to Major Rodnia Nutt (1810–1875), and his wife Maria (né Dodge) Nutt (1807–1859) of Goffstown, New Hampshire. Rodnia Nutt was a rich farmer, a Manchester city marshal, and a Manchester city councilman. +The Nutts had five children. The first, whose name and sex are not known, was born on 8 December 1837. James Dodge was born on 28 January 1838, and Rodnia, Jr. on 11 October 1840. A daughter, Mary Ann, was born on 22 September 1844. According to Nutt family records, George Washington Morrison was born on 1 April 1848. +Nutt and his wife were "large, hearty folk". Mr. Nutt weighed over . Their sons Rod, Jr. and George Washington Morrison were little people. In 1861, Rod, Jr. was about tall, and George was about . George weighed about . +Ancestry. +George's ancestors include William Nutt (1698–1751), a weaver of English ancestry. William left Londonderry, Ulster, Northern Ireland for North America in the early 18th century. He started a family in colonial New England. A part of Manchester was called Nutfield in the early days of settlement. A pond and a road near the pond were named for early Nutt settlers. +P. T. Barnum and the American Museum. +Nutt's career as an entertainer may have started in 1854. He may have been a performer with a small circus in Manchester. The circus manager, William C. Walker, once wrote that he had discovered Nutt. He also wrote that he was the first to show him. +Nutt was being exhibited and touring the New England countryside with a manager named Lillie when P. T. Barnum learned of him. Lillie was charging as little as a nickel to see the boy whose education had been neglected. Barnum was disgusted. Lillie knew nothing about exhibiting the boy "in the proper style", as Barnum put it. +Barnum met Nutt in 1861 when the boy visited the American Museum in New York City. In his autobiography, Barnum wrote that Nutt was "a most remarkable dwarf, who was a sharp, intelligent little fellow, with a deal of drollery and wit. He had a splendid head, was perfectly formed, and was very attractive, and, in short, for a 'showman' was a perfect treasure." +Barnum knew Nutt could be a major museum attraction. He hired a lawyer to lure Nutt away from his manager. Following Barnum's orders, the lawyer offered Nutt's parents a large sum of money to sign their son to a five-year contract. He promised them that the boy would be taught to be "a genteel, accomplished attractive little man". +A contract was signed on 12 December 1861. Barnum hired the 13-year-old, 29-inch George and his 21-year-old, 49-inch brother, Rodnia, Jr. The contract required Barnum to give both young men food, clothing, a place to live, and the costs of travel and medical care. Barnum promised to take care of the moral and academic education of the brothers. +Salaries started at US$12 per week with increases every year. The two brothers would each get $30 per week in the fifth and last year of their contract. They would also get 10% from the sales of their souvenir books and photographs, with at least $240 the first year and $440 the last year. At the end of the fifth year, they would receive a carriage and a pair of ponies from Barnum. +Publicity campaign. +Once the contract was signed, Barnum started a publicity campaign to prepare the public for Nutt's debut. He let reporters think he was "trying" to hire the little person. When other showmen heard this rumor, they rushed in to offer Nutt's parents huge sums of money to be the first to sign their son. +Barnum was pleased. The publicity created much excitement. In a letter he leaked to reporters, he wrote that he was forced to outbid the competition. The showman claimed to have paid $30,000 to hire the little person. The boy then became known as "The $30,000 Nutt". +Barnum gave the little person the stage name, Commodore Nutt. In addition, he provided Nutt with a wardrobe that included miniature naval uniforms. For the Commodore's jaunts about town, the showman had a little carriage built for him. This carriage looked like an English walnut. The top of the vehicle was hinged. When the top was lifted, the little Commodore could be seen sitting inside. +Nutt's carriage was pulled by Shetland ponies. It was driven around New York by Rodnia, Jr. dressed in the uniform of a coachman. Barnum thought these little trips about town the best form of advertisement. Nutt's carriage is now in the Barnum Museum in Bridgeport, Connecticut. +Debut. +Commodore Nutt made his debut at Barnum's American Museum in February 1862. He was a great success. Some museum-goers believed they were being "humbugged" by Barnum though. They thought that Nutt was really General Tom Thumb in disguise. +Nutt did look like the Tom Thumb of the past, but Thumb had aged and put on weight over the yearsa fact museum-goers either forgot or ignored. Nutt was a scamp; he took pleasure in the public's confusion, and encouraged the error. +When Nutt debuted, Thumb was touring the American South and West. Barnum wanted to silence those with doubts at the Museum. He asked Thumb to cut his tour short, return to New York, and perform on the same stage with Nutt. Thumb returned to New York. +The little men were billed as "The Two Dromios" and "The Two Smallest Men, and Greatest Curiosities Living." The exhibit opened on 11 August 1862. Despite what their eyes witnessed, some museum-goers still said that Nutt was Tom Thumb in disguise. Barnum wrote, "It is very amusing to see how people will sometimes deceive themselves by being too incredulous." +About two months after his debut, Nutt met with New York City Police Department officers. He applied for and was given a policeman's job. He ordered a uniform. Then he sent a telegram to the officers of the Ninth Precinct telling them that he had just gotten a job on the Broadway Squadwith "extraordinary powers to arrest" people outside the Museum and to "take [them] upstairs". +President Lincoln. +President Abraham Lincoln asked Barnum and Nutt to come to the White House in November 1862. When the two arrived, Lincoln left a cabinet meeting to welcome them. Nutt asked Salmon P. Chase, the Secretary of the Treasury, if he was the man who was spending so much of Uncle Sam's money. Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War, interrupted to say that he was the man. "Well," said Nutt, "It is in a good cause, anyhow, and I guess it will come out all right." As Barnum and Nutt were on their way out, President Lincoln shook Nutt's hand. He told the Commodore that he should "wade ashore" if his "fleet" was ever in danger. Nutt looked up and down Lincoln's long legs. "I guess, Mr. President", he said, "You could do that better than I could." +Relationships. +Lavinia Warren. +Mercy Lavinia Warren Bump was a little person who taught school in her hometown of Marlboro, Massachusetts. She was traveling on a showboat-museum in the Midwest however when Barnum learned of her. He hired her in 1862. Her name was shortened to Lavinia Warren. She first appeared at the Museum in 1863. Warren was 21 years old, tall, and weighed . Barnum billed her as "The Queen of Beauty". Nutt developed an "adolescent crush" on her, but Nutt would be disappointed. +Barnum gave Lavinia a diamond and emerald ring. It did not fit her finger properly, so he told her to give the ring to Nutt as a token of her friendship. Nutt regarded the ring as a token of her love instead. He fell more in love with her than ever. Lavinia was uncomfortable with his attentions. She thought of herself as "quite a woman", but regarded Nutt as just a "nice little boy". +Thumb was not appearing in New York City when Lavinia was hired, but he met her when he visited the Museum in the autumn of 1862. He told Barnum the same day that he had fallen in love with her. Thumb wanted Barnum on his side in this love affair (rather than on Nutt's side), so he quietly promised Barnum he would marry Lavinia in a public ceremony. Barnum knew at once that such a spectacle would make him a fortune. He told Lavinia to take Thumb's romantic interest seriously. He reminded her that the little man was rich. +Thumb's rival. +Nutt knew that Thumb was in love with Lavinia. He was jealous. He had a fight with Thumb in a dressing room at the Museum. He threw him on the floor, and beat him up. Nutt invited himself along when Lavinia was asked to Barnum's home for a weekend visit. Little did he know that Thumb and his mother would be there, too. +Nutt left New York City on a train late Saturday night. He got to Barnum's house about 11 pm. He found Thumb and Lavinia alone in the downstairs parlor. Thumb had proposed, and Lavinia had accepted. Nutt only learned of their engagement a week later when Lavinia and Barnum told him. Nutt had a hard time forgiving both Thumb and Barnum for (as he termed it) this "dastardly" offense. +Preparations. +Lavinia's younger sister Minnie was much smaller than she was. Barnum thought she would make a good match for Nutt. He asked Nutt to think about marrying Minnie. Nutt told Barnum he had little faith in women. He said that he would not marry "the best woman living". +Barnum wanted Minnie and Nutt to go to the wedding as Lavinia and Thumb's bridesmaid and best man. Nutt refused. Later, Thumb himself asked Nutt to be his best man. Nutt accepted. He told Barnum, "It was not your business to ask me. When the proper person invited me, I consented." +Barnum's "Fairy Wedding". +Thumb and Lavinia were married at Grace Episcopal Church, New York City, on Tuesday 10 February 1863. Nutt and Minnie were best man and bridesmaid at the "Fairy Wedding". Police stopped traffic as people gathered in the streets to see the arrival of the wedding party. The wedding was planned to start at noon, but it did not start until the bride got to the church at 12:30 pm. Barnum led the wedding party down the center aisle. +Two thousand people were invited to the wedding. Mrs. John Jacob Aster, Mrs. William H. Vanderbilt, Mrs. Horace Greeley, and General Ambrose Burnside were there. Members of the church complained about the "marriage of mountebanks". They became angry when they were told they could not sit in their own pews. Much of the public curiosity about the marriage was based on an interest in the sexual mechanics of Thumb and Lavinia. Barnum did not encourage or discourage this interest. +The wedding reception was held in the Metropolitan Hotel on Broadway at 3 pm. The four little members of the wedding party stood on top of a grand piano so they could be seen by everyone. Nutt gave Lavinia a diamond ring as a wedding present. Americans loved the wedding. It was welcome relief from the horrors and sorrows of the war. +World tour and aftermath. +People around the world took great interest in the wedding. Barnum thought this was a chance to make a lot of money. He sent the members of the wedding party on long, successful tours of America and Europe. The four little persons were sent off again this time on a grand tour of the world as The Tom Thumb Company. +The four little ones left the United States on 21 June 1869. They travelled 60,000 miles around the world, visited 587 cities and towns, and gave 1,471 performances of songs, speeches, and military drills. They returned to America in 1872. Nutt and Barnum argued after the tour. Nutt quit. He joined Harry Deakin's Lilliputian Comic Opera Company. This company toured America in an operetta called "Jack, the Giant Killer". +Nutt and his brother Rodnia put together a variety show. It played in Portland, Oregon. It was not a success. Nutt went to San Francisco, California, and put together another show. He tired of the life within a year and quit. Another show he put together about this time was not successful either. Nutt ran a couple of saloons in Oregon and San Francisco, but these were not successes. +Last years. +Newspapers reported at least four times that Nutt and Minnie were married. They were close friends, but never husband and wife. Minnie married a song and dance man who performed on roller skates named Edward Newell. She died while having his baby in 1878. +One day long after the wedding of the Thumbs, Barnum asked Nutt why he had not married. "Sir, my fruit is plucked", he said, "I have concluded not to marry until I'm thirty." His bride's height was of no concern, he said, but he did "prefer marrying a good, green country girl to anyone else." +In 1879, Nutt married Miss Lilian Elston of Redwood City, California. He had met her while he was touring the American West. She was a bit shorter than most women, but not a little person. +After his failures on the West Coast, Nutt went back to New York City. He bought a saloon. One day, he was caught selling liquor without a license. The New York City courts closed his saloon. Nutt was in charge of an amusement area called Rockaway Pier for a time. He returned to performing with an act called "Tally-Ho". +Death. +Early in 1881, Nutt had an attack of Bright's disease (nephritis). He was sick for more than two months. He died on 25 May 1881 at the Anthony House in New York City. Nutt's wife cried over his coffin at the funeral. She called him her "dear little boy", and said that he was "so good". Nutt was buried in Merrill Cemetery at Manchester, New Hampshire. +Nutt had grown from his original , and weighed a little less than at his death. In 1891, the editors of "Appleton's Cyclopedia" wrote, "Commodore Nutt was distinguished for large-hearted virtues that are often lacking in bigger men; his genial temper was allied to constancy and generosity that entitle his memory to the highest respect." The editors noted that Nutt was "for many years faithful to an early love." + += = = Helicopter parent = = = +Helicopter parents are those who hover over their children, cosseting them +and overseeing their entire lives. +The terminology began appearing around 1969. It was not until late 2002 or 2003, however, that the term became very popular via media and cell phone use. This was at exactly the same time the millennials begin turning 18 and moving into college. The rising of mobile phones is often blamed for the rise of helicopter parent-style teaching over the years. The phone enables the mother to keep in touch at all times, which was almost impossible before. What caused most notice was parents following up children as far as college and early employment. Sports coaches, college teachers and employers have had the experience of parents turning up to complain and argue in support of their children. + += = = Clostridium = = = +Clostridium is a genus of bacteria. "Clostridium" bacteria are obligate anaerobes, which means they do not need oxygen to grow. +"Clostridium" bacteria are shaped like rods. The name "Clostridium" comes from the Greek word "kloster" (�������), which means "spindle." +"Clostridium" bacteria are gram-positive and can produce endospores. +Important species. +There are many different species of "Clostridium" bacteria. Some of these species can cause serious illness. +"Clostridium botulinum". +"Clostridium botulinum" bacteria make a toxin called botulinum. When botulinum toxins get into food or wounds, they cause botulism, a dangerous disease. Botulism can paralyze the muscles (stop the muscles from moving or working). People can die from botulism if their breathing muscles get paralyzed. This makes them unable to breathe. +Most cases of botulism happen because people eat meat that was not cooked well enough, or eat canned food that was not canned properly. +If babies under age one eat natural honey, they can get infant botulism. Most adults and older children can eat natural honey without getting sick. In healthy people, the intestines are filled with good, healthy bacteria. Usually, these regular bacteria keep "Clostridium botulinum" under control. Infants do not have enough of these good bacteria to be able to eat honey safely. +Sometimes doctors use botulinum toxins to treat medical problems. There are medicines, like Botox, which contain botulinum toxin. Some people get Botox treatments when they have wrinkles in the face. When it is injected into the forehead, Botox paralyzes the muscles in the face, and makes the face look smoother. +"Clostridium difficile". +"Clostridium difficile" bacteria can cause bad diarrhea and serious illness. Usually, people get "Clostridium difficile" infection after they have taken antibiotic medicines. These medicines can kill the healthy bacteria that normally live in the intestines and keep "Clostridium difficile" bacteria under control. "Clostridium difficile" infection can be spread from person to person, and is getting more common in hospitals, nursing homes, and other health care facilities. Just in the United States, 14,000 people die every year from "Clostridium difficile" infection. +"Clostridium difficile" is an antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This means that many antibiotic medicines cannot kill the bacteria. This makes "Clostridium difficile" infection difficult to treat. +"Clostridium tetani". +"Clostridium tetani" causes tetanus. Usually, people get tetanus when they get a cut or wound, and "Clostridium tetani" bacteria get into the wound. At first, tetanus causes the muscles in the jaw to spasm (tighten). (Tetanus is often called "lockjaw" because the jaw muscles spasm so badly that the jaw seems "locked.") This can make it difficult to swallow. As tetanus gets worse, other muscles in the body get stiff and spasm. +Tetanus immunization can keep people from getting tetanus. + += = = Gram-positive = = = +Gram-positive bacteria are those that are stained dark blue or violet by Gram staining. This is in contrast to gram-negative bacteria, which cannot hold the "crystal violet" stain. Instead they take up the counterstain ("safranin" or "fuchsine") and appear red or pink. +The difference is caused by the cell wall structure. Gram-positive organisms have thick peptidoglycan layer. This protects them, so they do not need rigid cell walls. On the other hand, gram-negative bacteria have thin, insignificant peptidoglycan layers, so they do need rigid cell walls for support and protection. + += = = Minigun = = = +The M134 Minigun is an American 7.62x51mm six-barreled machine gun. Its rate of fire is 3000 to 4000 rounds (bullets) per minute. It is called "mini" as compared to the earlier, much bigger M61 Vulcan. +In movies and video games, the Minigun is sometimes called the chaingun, but this is a mistake. The chaingun is completely different and has only one barrel. + += = = Ron Moody = = = +Ron Moody (born Ronald Moodnick; 8 January 1924 – 11 June 2015) was a British actor, composer, singer and writer. He was known for his roles in "Murder Most Foul" (1964), "Summer Holiday" (1963), "Oliver!" (1968), and in "The Twelve Chairs" (1970). He won a Golden Globe Award for his role in "Oliver!" in 1968. +Biography. +Moody was born on 8 January 1924 in Tottenham, London, England. He was raised in Hornsey, England. Moody studied at Southgate County School and at London School of Economics. His father was of Russian Jewish descent and his mother was a Lithuanian Jew. Moody married Therese Blackbourn in 1985. They had six children. +Moody died in hospital on 11 June 2015, aged 91. + += = = Abdul Basit 'Abd us-Samad = = = +Qari Abdul Basit 'Abd us-Samad (1927 – 30 November 1988; ) was a well known Qari (reciter of the Quran). As such, many modern reciters try to copy his style. He is the only Qari to have won three world Qirat competitions in the early 1970s. 'Abd us-Samad was one of the first Hafiz to make commercial recordings of his recitations, and the first president of the newly formed Reciters' Union in Egypt. He is best known for his recitation of Sura Al-Fatiha, the first chapter of the Qur'an, and an important sura in the five daily Islamic prayers. Basit's eldest son; Tarek Abd us-Samad is currently also a well-known Qari in Egypt. +Early life. +Abdul Basit was born in a village called Armant, in southern Egypt, to a middle-class Upper-Egyptian family. In 1950, he came to Cairo where Muslims in many mosques were touched by his recitations. On one happening, he was reciting verses from Sura al-Ahzab (The Confederates) he was requested to recite for longer than 10 minutes by his audience, and continued to recite for over an hour and a half, his listeners were captured by his mastery of pitch, tone and the rules of tajweed (Qur'anic recitation). +Travels. +'Abd us-Samad travelled outside Egypt, in 1961, he recited at the Badshahi Masjid, in Lahore, Pakistan. In 1987, whilst on a visit to America, 'Abd us-Samad related a story from one trip he made to the Soviet Union, with then Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser. +'Abd us-Samad was asked to recite for some leaders of the Soviet party. 'Abd us-Samad remembered that four to five of his listeners from the Communist Party were in tears on hearing the recitation, although they didn't understand what was being recited, but they cried, apparently touched by his recitation. +Indira Gandhi, an Indian prime minister and political leader always felt touched by his recitation and would stop alongside to appreciate his recitation. +'Abd us-Samad died on 30 November 1988, and is survived by his three sons (from oldest to the youngest): Yasir, Hisham, and Tariq. Following his father's footsteps, Yasir has also become a "Qari" + += = = Fokker D.XXI = = = +The Fokker D.XXI is a single-engine fighter aircraft designed and built by Fokker in 1935. It was used by the Dutch Air Force in World War II against Luftwaffe. Slower and less maneuverable than the German fighters as Messerschmitt Bf 109 most of them were quickly destroyed.Denmark and Finland also used this aircraft in the war. + += = = General Dynamics–Grumman EF-111A Raven = = = +The General Dynamics / Grumman EF-111 Raven is a twin-turbojets military aircraft. Its main mission was jamming enemy radar, including those of the anti-aircraft defense. It was designed and built in the United States, and flown only for the U.S. Air Force. It was used in the last years of Cold War and for the Yugoslavia's war NATO operation in 1995. It stopped being made in 1998. + += = = Fouga CM-170 Magister = = = +The Fouga CM-170 Magister is a French military aircraft. Designed and built as a training aircraft, it was also a light atack aircraft. It was built under licence in Belgium, Finland and Germany. The Fouga CM-170 Magister was used by many air forces in the world: Algeria, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Biafra, Brazil, Cambodia, Cameroon, El Salvador, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Katanga, Khmer Republic, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Nicaragua, Rwanda, Senegal, Togo, and Uganda. +It was the major aircraft of the "Patrouille de France" from 1964 to 1981. In 2013 many CM-170 Magisters fly on air meeting around the world. + += = = Fouga CM-175 Zéphyr = = = +The Fouga CM-175 Zéphyr is a navalized variant of the Fouga CM-170 Magister. It was used by the French Navy for air training between 1959 and 1994. Thirty examples only were built, and it was not sale at foreign country. It flown from the French aircraft carrier Clemenceau, and sister-ship Foch. + += = = Fougasse (bread) = = = +Fougasse is a type of bread made in Provence, France. It is coked with lardons, olive oil, and sometimes "herbes de Provence" and it is usually served as an accompaniment to an apéritif. + += = = 911 (disambiguation) = = = +911 might mean: + += = = Qari = = = +Qāri', or "reader", is a person who recites the Qur'an with the proper rules of recitation. +Although it is encouraged, a reciter ("Qari") does not necessarily have to memorise the Qur'an, just to recite it with proper rules. +These Qaris have memorized the whole Quran. Hafiz means a Muslim who memorized the whole Quran. + += = = Mario Doyon = = = +Mario Doyon (born August 27, 1968 in Quebec City, Quebec) is a Canadian retired ice hockey defenceman that played a total of 28 games in the NHL. +Before he played in the NHL, Doyon played 3 seasons in the QMJHL with the Drummondville Voltigeurs. He was drafted #119 overall by the Chicago Blackhawks in the 1986 NHL Entry Draft. Doyon played 7 games with the Chicago Blackhawks and 22 games with the Quebec Nordiques. He last played for the Corpus Christi Rayz of the Central Hockey League. He has also played roller hockey with the Montreal Roadrunners of the Roller Hockey International. +He currently plays coaches the Indiana Jr Ice U-16 hockey team which his son Drew Doyon plays on. + += = = Carrie Akers = = = +Carrie Akers (1860s - ?) was an American sideshow attraction. Contrary to several websites, she was not known as The Warthog. She was born in Virginia. She weighed 309 pounds, and stood 34 inches tall. She was both a sideshow Fat Lady and one of the Little People (dwarves, midgets). She was known as "Quarrelsome Carrie" in the sideshow community because of her volcanic temper. The community avoided her. A fiery dispute with P. T. Barnum led to the showman firing her from the American Museum [source?]. + += = = Bayonne Bridge = = = +The Bayonne Bridge is a steel arch bridge that connects Bayonne, New Jersey and Staten Island, New York. It is the fifth-longest steel arch bridge in the world. It was the longest in the world when it was opened. It was designed by bridge-builder Othmar Ammann and architect Cass Gilbert. It was built by the Port of New York Authority (now the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey). It opened on November 15, 1931. In 2017 the deck was raised to allow ships designed for the new Panama Canal to pass. +The bridge of one of three bridges that connect Staten Island with New Jersey. The other bridges are the Goethals Bridge to Elizabeth, New Jersey and the Outerbridge Crossing to Perth Amboy, New Jersey. + += = = Jonathan Bass = = = +Jonathan R. Bass (November 25, 1830 - September 13, 1892) was an American sideshow attraction. His stage name was The Ossified Man. He was born in New York State. Rheumatism led to the ossification of his joints, tendons, and muscles in his teen years. His sideshow career began in 1887 at Niagara Falls. He toured the United States. He died in New York City in 1892. +Early years. +Bass was born in Cambria in western New York State. He was the eldest of three brothers. He appeared perfectly normal in his very early years. As a child and a teenager however, a series of rheumatism attacks left him unable to walk without crutches and canes. +Middle years. +Eventually, Bass became completely ossified. The rheumatism led to ankylosis of his joints, tendons, and muscles. They turned to bone. Things got worse. In 1869, he lost his eyesight. He had to eat by sucking food up and swallowing it whole. When his mother died in 1872, a brother began taking care of him. +In 1887, Bass began his show biz career at Niagara Falls. He then worked his way across the United States. In spite of his disabilities, Bass remained cheerful. He parted with his manager after a dispute about his cut of the take. +Last years and death. +Bass died of a fever and pneumonia while performing in Huber's Museum in New York City. The family refused an autopsy. Bass was buried in an ironclad vault to deter grave robbers from making off with the body. +An article in a 1908 issue of "Scientific American" accused a careless museum attendant of causing Bass's death by letting the man fall to the pavement while being lifted from a carriage. + += = = Unisphere = = = +The Unisphere is a stainless steel globe in Queens, New York City. It is in Flushing Meadows-Corona Park. It was designed by landscape architect Gilmore D. Clarke. It is a symbol of the borough of Queens. The globe weighs . This makes it the world's largest globe. There are fountains and a reflecting pool around the Unisphere. +The Unisphere was built for the 1964-1965 New York World's Fair. The Unisphere is designed to show countries around the world depending on each other. It stayed at the park after the World's Fair. The Unisphere was cleaned from 1993 to 1994. +History. +Flushing Meadows–Corona Park used to be a landfill in Queens. The landfill was turned into the 1939/1940 New York World's Fair. After the fair, it was used as a park. The 1964 New York World's Fair also happened at Flushing Meadows. Gilmore David Clarke and Michael Rapuano designed the park for 1964 Fair. +Robert Moses ran the 1964 World's Fair. He announced the Unisphere in February 1961. At first, Clarke designed the Unisphere as an aluminum structure with metal continents and islands. Designers at Peter Muller-Munk Associates added structural steel. The last design was a lot like the first. The last design had fountains surrounding the Unisphere. +The Unisphere was built by the American Bridge Company. The American Bridge Company was part of another company called US Steel. The Unisphere was built in 110 days. The last piece of land was put on the Unishphere on August 13, 1963. At night, the Unisphere was lit up to show sunrise moving across the globe. There were lights showing the capitals of countries. +In 1966, US Steel gave $100,000 so the Unisphere could stay at the park. In 1967, the park reopened. The Unisphere became dirty afterward. People wrote graffiti in the pools. +In 1989, the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation said it would clean the Unisphere. From 1993 to 1994, the Unisphere was fixed and cleaned. The fountains were also turned back on. It became an official city landmark in May 1995. The Unisphere's fountain was cleaned again in 2010. +Design. +The Unisphere is the world's largest globe. It is wide and tall. The globe weighs . Its base weighs . The Unisphere is made of stainless steel. The continents and islands on the Unisphere were made by the Rigidized Metals Corporation. The Unisphere is tilted 23.5 degrees. +There are three rings around the Unisphere. They show the orbits of Yuri Gagarin, John Glenn, and the Telstar satellite around the Earth. There were supposed to be more rings, but the designers could not do this. The rings are held up with aircraft cable. The Unisphere's continents and islands are made of many layers of metal sheets. The Unisphere has many latitude and longitude bars of different sizes. This makes the structure stable. +There is a reflecting pool around the Unisphere. It measures across. There are 48 fountains in the pool. These fountains are supposed to make the Unisphere look like it is floating in space. There are also plaques around the pool. +The Unisphere has a concrete foundation. The ground under the Unisphere used to be a marsh. There are 528 wooden rods under the Unisphere. +He batted and threw left-handed. He was added into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1986. He was born in Mobile, Alabama. +McCovey died on October 31, 2018 at a hospital in Stanford, California from complications of an infection at the age of 80. + += = = Rita Hart = = = +Rita Hart (born May 5, 1956) is an American politician from Iowa. She became the Iowa State Senator from the 49th District in 2013. Hart is a member of the United States' Democratic Party. +Hart is a lifelong farmer and 20-year educator. +In June 2018, Fred Hubbell said Hart would join the Democratic ticket as the candidate for lieutenant governor in the 2018 governor election. +Hart was born in Charles City, Iowa. +Hart ran for a seat in the United States House of Representatives in 2020, but lost the election to Republican Mariannette Miller-Meeks by six votes. + += = = Ken Shellito = = = +Kenneth John Shellito (18 April 1940 – 31 October 2018) was an English footballer and manager. He worked in a coaching role for the Asian Football Confederation in Kuala Lumpur. He was known as a player for Chelsea and the national team. +Shellito died at his home from kidney failure and a lung infection on 31 October 2018 in Inanam, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, aged 78. + += = = Carlo Giuffrè = = = +Carlo Giuffrè (3 December 1928 – 1 November 2018) was an Italian actor and a stage director. He appeared in more than 90 movies between 1942 and 2002. He was born in Naples. He was known for his roles in "The Railroad Man", "The Girl with the Pistol", and "Poker in Bed". +In 1984 Giuffrè won a David di Donatello for Best Supporting Actor for the comedy movie "Son contento", directed by Maurizio Ponzi. +Giuffrè died on 1 November 2018 from cancer in Rome at the age of 89. + += = = Joe Wilson = = = +Addison Graves "Joe" Wilson Sr. (born July 31, 1947) is an American politician. He has been the U.S. Representative for since 2001. +From 1985 to 2001, he was in the South Carolina Senate. He is a member of the Republican Party. +He is a member of the House Republican Policy Committee and is an Assistant Republican Whip. +Wilson is known for interrupting a speech by U.S. President Barack Obama to the joint session of Congress by shouting "You lie!". + += = = Mario Segale = = = +Mario A. Segale (April 30, 1934 – October 27, 2018) was an American businessman and real estate developer. He was born in Seattle, Washington. He was involved in mant development projects in the Seattle area beginning in the 1950s. Nintendo's Mario character is named after him because he owned the land where Nintendo's earliest headquarters was in. +Segale died on 27 October 2018 at his home in Tukwila, Washington, aged 84. + += = = Tukwila, Washington = = = +Tukwila ( ) is a suburban city in King County, Washington, United States. It borders Seattle at its northern edge. The population was 21,798 at the 2020 census. + += = = Ken Langone = = = +Kenneth Gerard Langone Sr., KSG (Knight of the Pontifical Order of St. Gregory the Great) (born September 16, 1935) is an American billionaire businessman, investor, and philanthropist. He is best known being co-founder of The Home Depot. He has a net worth of $4.4 billion as of June 2020 according to "Forbes". +Philantrophy. +Langone has donated $100 million to towards the tuition of all the medical students of New York University. + += = = Roslyn Heights, New York = = = +Roslyn Heights (aka The Heights) is both a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 6,747 at the 2020 census. + += = = Sands Point, New York = = = +Sands Point is a village located on the North Shore of Long Island in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 2,712 at the 2020 census. + += = = Romanus IV = = = +Romanos IV Diogenes also known as Romanus IV, was the Byzantine emperor from 1068 to 1071. He was a member of the Byzantine military aristocracy and became Emperor when he married the widowed empress Eudokia Makrembolitissa. He tried to stop the decline of his armies and to stop Turkish army from attacking the Byzantine Empire. In 1071 he was captured and his army defeated at the Battle of Manzikert. While he was still a prisoner, he was replaced as emperor. After his release he was quickly defeated and detained by members of the Doukas family. In 1072, he was blinded and sent to a monastery, where he died of his wounds. + += = = Arkansas County, Arkansas = = = +Arkansas County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,149. The county has two county seats, De Witt and Stuttgart. Arkansas County was founded on December 13, 1813. + += = = Ashley County, Arkansas = = = +Ashley County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,062. The county seat is Hamburg. It was formed in 1848. + += = = Monroe County, Arkansas = = = +Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of Arkansas. It is in the Arkansas Delta. + += = = Baxter County, Arkansas = = = +Baxter County is a county in Arkansas. + += = = Benton County, Arkansas = = = +Benton County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 284,333, making it the second-most populous county in Arkansas. The county seat is Bentonville. It was founded on September 30, 1836. + += = = Zurich Insurance Group = = = +Zurich Insurance Group Ltd., commonly known as Zurich, is a Swiss insurance company headquartered in Zürich, Switzerland. It be one of the largest insurance companies in the world. + += = = Boone County, Arkansas = = = +Boone County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 37,373. The county seat is Harrison. It is Arkansas's 62nd county, founded on April 9, 1869. + += = = Lörrach = = = +Lörrach is a town in southwest Germany, in the valley of the Wiese. It is close to the French and the Swiss borders. It is the capital of the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg. The city had a population of 10,794 in 1905 and of 47,707 in 2007. +It is the hometown of Ottmar Hitzfeld, one of the most successful and popular football managers in Germany. + += = = Christine Stix-Hackl = = = +Christine Stix-Hackl (13 November 1957 – 24 October 2018) was an Austrian jurist. She was Advocate General at the European Court of Justice from 2000 to 2006. Stix-Hackl was the second woman in the history of the European Court of Justice to take the position as Premier Avocat général in 2005. +Stix-Hackl was the Austrian Ambassador in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg between 2007 and 2012. Stix-Hackl was Permanent Representative of Austria to the United Nations (Vienna), IAEA, UNIDO and CTBTO from June 2012 until her death in 2018. +Stix-Hackl died on 24 October 2018 in Vienna from a heart attack at the age of 60, shortly after returning from Luxembourg . + += = = Erika Mahringer = = = +Erika "Riki" Mahringer (16 November 1924 – 30 October 2018) was an Austrian former alpine skier. She was born in Linz, Austria. She competed in the 1948 and 1952 Winter Olympics. In 1948 she won the bronze medal in the slalom event as well as in the Alpine combined competition. In the downhill contest she finished 19th. +Four years later she finished fourth in the 1952 Olympic downhill event. +Mahringer died on 30 October 2018 in Innsbruck, Austria from heart failure at the age of 93. + += = = I Remember You (Adventure Time) = = = +"I Remember You" is the eleventh episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series "Adventure Time". The episode was written and storyboarded by Cole Sanchez and Rebecca Sugar, from a story by Patrick McHale, Kent Osborne, and Pendleton Ward. +It originally aired on Cartoon Network on October 15, 2012. The episode later re-aired on March 25, 2013, together with the episode "Simon & Marcy". +In this episode, Marceline the Vampire Queen (voiced by Olivia Olson) works with the Ice King (voiced by Tom Kenny) to write a song, and Marceline tries to get the Ice King to remember who he really is. This episode reveals that Marceline and the Ice King knew each other from the aftermath of the Mushroom War, an apocalyptic-like event that occurred a thousand years before the beginning of the series. +"I Remember You" helped explore the Ice King's previous life. The episode features four songs—"The Fry Song," "Oh Bubblegum," "Nuts," and "Remember You"—all of which were written by Sugar. "I Remember You" was watched by 2.535 million people and received universal acclaim, with many critics loving the story's depth and mentioning of mental disorders, memory, and loss. + += = = Simon & Marcy = = = +"Simon & Marcy" is the fourteenth episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series "Adventure Time". The episode was written and storyboarded by Cole Sanchez and Rebecca Sugar, from a story by Patrick McHale, Kent Osborne, and Pendleton Ward. +It originally aired on Cartoon Network on March 25, 2013. It followed the re-run of "I Remember You". +In this episode, Marceline the Vampire Queen (voiced by Olivia Olson) reveals to Finn and Jake that 996 years before the events of the series, she and the Ice King (voiced by Tom Kenny)—then a human named Simon Petrikov—wandered the post-apocalyptic land after the destructive Mushroom War. +"Simon & Marcy" was the last episode to feature Sugar as a storyboard artist. The episode received critical acclaim. Many loved its balance of humor and emotions, as well as its exploration of the Ice King's and Marceline's character. +The episode was viewed by 2.6 million viewers and received a 0.6 rating among adults between the ages of 18 and 49. The episode was later nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Short-format Animation at the 65th Primetime Emmy Awards. + += = = Holly Jolly Secrets = = = +"Holly Jolly Secrets" is the collective name for the nineteenth and twentieth episodes of the third season of the American animated television series "Adventure Time". The episodes were written and storyboarded by Kent Osborne and Somvilay Xayaphone, from a story by Mark Banker, Kent Osborne, Patrick McHale, and series creator Pendleton Ward. It originally aired on Cartoon Network on December 5, 2011. +In this episode, Finn the Human and Jake the Dog find the Ice King’s (voiced by Tom Kenny) video diary and look to uncover his secrets. The Ice King tries to get the video diaries back, but Finn and Jake discover, via the tapes, that the Ice King was formerly a human archaeologist named Simon Petrikov who was cursed with his powers after he put his crown on his head. +"Holly Jolly Secrets" was based on an earlier, Christmas special that would have had Finn and Jake watching actual Christmas movies. The episode was watched by 2.513 million people and received largely positive critical reviews. + += = = Come Along with Me (Adventure Time) = = = +"Come Along with Me" is an American animated television special based on the animated television series "Adventure Time". The special, made up of four episodes, is the series finale of "Adventure Time", as well as its tenth season finale. The special first aired on September 3, 2018 on Cartoon Network. +In the special, the Finn the Human and Jake the Dog must help their friend Princess Bubblegum battle Gumbald, her vengeful creation. When the villains realize that violent war is unnecessary, they team up to keep the evil entity GOLB from destroying the land of Ooo. +The episode received positive reviews by praising show creator Pendleton Ward for wrapping everything and answering questions the series left unanswered. The episode became notable because it showed Princess Bubblegum and Marceline the Vampire Queen kiss thus confirming their speculated relationship. + += = = Rebecca Sugar = = = +Rebecca Ray Sugar (born July 9, 1987) is an American animator, cartoonist, director, writer, storyboard artist, screenwriter, producer, voice actress, comedian, clown, jester, mime, dancer, tap dancer, tomboy and singer-songwriter. She is known for creating the Cartoon Network series "Steven Universe", which has made her the first woman to independently create a series for the network. Sugar was formerly a writer and storyboard artist on the animated television series "Adventure Time" until 2013 and is also the creator of the Nick Jr. series "Destiny's Side". +Her work on the two series has earned her five Primetime Emmy Award nominations. +Sugar identifies herself as "gender non-binary". + += = = Non-binary gender = = = +A non-binary gender (also known as being genderqueer) is any gender that is not just man or woman. As the non-binary label falls under the transgender umbrella, many people who are non-binary also identify as transgender. Some non-binary people experience gender dysphoria. The idea that there are only two genders (man and woman) is called the gender binary. A non-binary gender is any gender that is not exclusively part of this gender binary. +Gender identity is different from sexual or romantic orientation. Non-binary people have many sexual and romantic orientations, just as any other gender group. +Examples of non-binary genders include agender, bigender, and genderfluid. +Pronouns and titles. +Some non-binary people may use gender-neutral words to describe themselves. Many non-binary people prefer to be called the pronoun "they" instead of "she" or "he". Other pronouns like "xe" or "ey" may be used, these are known to be neopronouns. This also includes noun-self pronouns, such as "bunself," in which the pronoun is tied directly to an alternative expression of gender. This is most common with xenogenders, in which the gender is described by the closest approximation of gender the individual feels and/or is most accurate. While gender neutral pronouns have existed in many languages and cultures, specific neopronouns in English can be found as early as the 1920's in David Lindsay's "A Voyage to Arcturus" in which the neopronoun "ae" is used. However, as individuals, nonbinary may choose whatever pronouns suit them best. +The gender-neutral formal title that is generally used instead of "Mr." or "Ms." is "Mx.", which is pronounced like "mix" or "mux". + += = = Cisgender = = = +Cisgender (often known as cis) is a term for people whose gender identity matches the sex that they were assigned at birth. "Cisgender" may also be defined as those who have "a gender identity or perform a gender role society considers appropriate for one's sex". It is the opposite of the term "transgender". + += = = Yurik Vardanyan = = = +Yuri Norayrovich Vardanyan (; , also transliterated Yurik Vardanian, 13 June 1956 – 1 November 2018) was a Soviet-Armenian weightlifter. +Vardanyan won a gold medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics, becoming the world's first weightlifter to win a 400 kilogram total in the 82.5 kg weight category. During his career he set several world records. He was born in Leninakan, Soviet Union (now Gyumri, Armenia). +In 1994 he was elected member of the International Weightlifting Federation Hall of Fame. +On 2 April 2009 he was appointed as President Serzh Sargsyan's adviser. +Vardanyan in Yerevan, Armenia on 1 November 2018 from a pulmonary embolism at the age of 89. + += = = Raymond Chow = = = +Raymond Chow Man-wai, (; 8 October 1927 – 2 November 2018) was a Hong Kong movie producer, and presenter. He was known for promoting martial arts and the Hong Kong cinema onto the international stage. +Chow was the founder of Golden Harvest, he produced some of the biggest stars of the martial arts movie genre, including Bruce Lee, Jackie Chan, and Tsui Hark. +Chow died on 2 November 2018 at the age of 91. + += = = Theodor Hoffmann = = = +Theodor Hoffmann (February 27, 1935 – November 1, 2018) was an East German Admiral. He was the head of the People's Navy (Volksmarine) and as the last Minister of National Defense of the German Democratic Republic and head of the National People's Army. He was born in Gustävel, Mecklenburg, Germany. +Hoffmann died in Berlin on November 1, 2018 at the age of 82. + += = = Robert F. Taft = = = +Robert Francis Taft, S.J. (January 9, 1932 – November 2, 2018) was an American Jesuit priest and Archimandrite of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. He was born in Providence, Rhode Island. +He was one of the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion with the Holy See of Rome. He was an expert in Oriental liturgy and a professor emeritus of the Pontifical Oriental Institute in Rome, of which he was the Vice-rector between 1995 and 2001. +Taft died on November 2, 2018 in Weston, Massachusetts at the age of 86. + += = = Sami-ul-Haq = = = +Maulana Sami ul Haq (, "Samī'u’l-Ḥaq"; 18 December 1937 – 2 November 2018) was a Pakistani religious scholar and Senator. He was member of the Senate of Pakistan from 1985 to 1991 and again from 1991 to 1997. He was born in Akora Khattak, British India. Sami-ul-Haq was thought as the "Father of the Taliban". +On 2 November 2018, Sami-ul-Haq was stabbed at his home in Bahria town, Rawalpindi. He was 80 years old. + += = = Candi Staton = = = +Canzetta Maria "Candi" Staton () (born March 13, 1940) is an American soul and gospel singer, actress and voice actress. She was born in Palm Springs, California. +Milo is best known in the United States for her 1970 remake of Tammy Wynette's "Stand By Your Man" and her 1976 disco chart-topper "Young Hearts Run Free". +In Europe, her biggest selling record is the anthemic "You Got the Love" from 1986, released in collaboration with the Source. Staton was inducted into the Christian Music Hall of Fame. Staton is a four-time Grammy Award nominee. +On October 30, 2018, Staton announced that she had been diagnosed with breast cancer. + += = = Bradley County = = = +Bradley County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Bradley County, Arkansas = = = +Bradley County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,545. The county seat is Warren. It was founded on December 18, 1840. + += = = Carroll County, Arkansas = = = +Carroll County is a county in Arkansas. + += = = Chicot County, Arkansas = = = +Chicot County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10208. The county seat is Lake Village. It was founded on October 25, 1823. + += = = Clark County, Arkansas = = = +Clark County is a county in the south-central part of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,446. The county seat is Arkadelphia. It was founded on December 15, 1818. + += = = Carroll County, Mississippi = = = +Carroll County is a county in Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, 9,998 people lived there. + += = = Cleburne County, Arkansas = = = +Cleburne County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,711. The county seat and most populous city is Heber Springs. It was founded on February 20, 1883. + += = = Cleveland County, Arkansas = = = +Cleveland County (formerly Dorsey County) is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,550. The county seat is Rison. It was founded on April 17, 1873. + += = = Mya (unit) = = = +In astronomy, geology, and paleontology, mya is an acronym for 'million years ago'. This abbreviation is commonly used to show the length of time before the present or "B.P." (before AD 1950). Specifically, one mya is equal to 106 years ago. +Mya is traditionally written in lower case (small letters). It is often replaced in scientific literature by a term based on Latin: Ma (megaannum). + += = = Pittsburgh Post-Gazette = = = +The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, also known simply as the PG, is the largest newspaper serving metropolitan Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. It has won six Pulitzer Prizes since 1938. Around 170,630 papers are printed and delivered daily. +The Pittsburgh "Post" first appeared on September 10, 1842, as the "Daily Morning Post". It had its origin in three pro-Democratic weeklies, the "Mercury", "Allegheny Democrat", and "American Manufacturer". + += = = Laurens van Ravens = = = +Laurens van Ravens (18 September 1922 – 23 October 2018), also Lau, was a Dutch international football referee. He was featured at the 1970 FIFA World Cup. He officiated in the 1950s, 60s and 70s, becoming an international referee in 1966. He was born in Schiedam, Netherlands. +His final game was Coen Moulijn's farewell match between Feyenoord and Uruguay on 9 June 1972. +Van Ravens died on 23 October 2018 in Rijswijk, Netherlands at the age of 96. + += = = Nathan Fillion = = = +Nathan Christopher Fillion (; born March 27, 1971) is a Canadian-American actor. He was born in Edmonton, Alberta. Fillion is best known for the lead role of Captain Malcolm Reynolds in the television series "Firefly" and its movie continuation, "Serenity", as well as his role as Richard Castle on the ABC series "Castle". Fillion will play Guy Gardner / Green Lantern in the 2025 movie "Superman". + += = = Tihar (festival) = = = +Tihar also known as Deepawali is a Hindu festival. It is celebrated for 5 days. It is celebrated mainly in Nepal and the Indian states of Assam and Sikkim. It is also celebrated in Darjeeling district of West Bengal. It is the festival of lights. In this festival "diyas" are lit inside and outside the houses to make it bright at night. It is known as "Swanti" among the Newars and as "Diwali" among Madhesis. Set in the Vikram Samvat calendar, the festival begins with Kaag Tihar in Trayodashi of Kartik Krishna Paksha. It ends with Bhai Tika in Dwitiya of Kartik Sukla Paksha every year. +Tihar is the second biggest festival in Nepal after Dashain. In this festival animals like crows, dogs, cows, and oxen are also worshipped. People make "Rangolis" on the floor of living rooms or courtyards. They use materials such as colored rice, dry flour, colored sand or flower Petals to make these Rangolis. Rangolis are made for welcoming Gods and Goddesses of Hinduism mainly Goddess Lakshmi. +Kaag Tihar (Day 1). +Kaag Tihar (Crow Festival) is the first day of Tihar. In this day the crow is worshipped. Hindus regard crows as the messengers of Yamraja, the god of death. People worship it to bring good luck in their houses.They also give food to kaag or crows on that day.. +Kukur Tihar (Day 2). +The second day is called Kukur Tihar (Dog Festival). In this day, people offer garlands, tika and delicious food to dogs. Dogs are important animals in Hindu mythology. It is believed that Bhairava, an incarnation of Lord Shiva, had a dog as a vahana (vehicle). It is also believed that Yama, the god of death, had two guard dogs – each with four eyes. The dogs are said to watch over the gates of Naraka, the Hindu concept of Hell. Due to this belief, this day is also known as Naraka Chaturdashi. +Gai Tihar and Laxmi Puja (Day 3). +The morning of the third day is Gai Tihar (worship of the cow). In Hinduism, cow is the symbol of prosperity and wealth. In ancient times cows were very useful. Their milk, dung, even urine was used for purpose like purification. So, on this day people worship cow by garlanding and feeding them with the best grass. They clean and decorate the houses. Doorways and windows are decorated by garlands made of Saya Patri (marigolds) and makhamali ("Gomphrena globosa") flowers. +In the evening Laxmi, the goddess of wealth is worshipped. She is worshipped by lighting oil lamps (Diyo) or candles on doorways and windows. It is believed that in this day she visits her followers and gives them blessings. At night the girls enjoy playing "Bhailo" by singing and dancing. They visit many houses with musical instruments. They collect money as a tip from houses and share the money amongst themselves. +From the third day onward Tihar is celebrated with "Deusi" and "Bhailo" with light and fireworks. Boys sing Deusi and the girls sing Bhailo. In return, the home owners give them money, fruit and "selroti" (a Nepali roundel made of rice flour and sugar). Social workers, politician, and young people also visit local homes. They sing these songs and collect money for social activities. +Laxmi Prasad Devkota, who is regarded as the greatest poet of Nepali language, was born on this day. He was named after the Laxmi Puja. +Govardhan Puja (Day 4). +There are 3 different kinds of pujas on the fourth day. Mainly ox is worshipped in this day by giving different foods. It is observed as Goru Tihar or Goru Puja (worship of the oxen). People who follow Vaishnavism perform Govardhan Puja. Govardhan Puja is worship towards Govardhan mountain. Cow dung is taken as representative of the mountain and is worshiped. Another type of puja is Mha Puja (worship of self). It is done by the people of Newar community during the night. This day is seen as the beginning of the new Nepal Sambat calendar year. +Bhai Tika (Day 5). +The fifth and last day of Tihar is called "Bhai Tika". On this day sisters apply "tilaka" or "tika" on the foreheads of their brothers. This is done to ensure the long life of their bothers and thank them for the protection they provide. It is believed that, Yamaraj, the God of Death, visited his sister Goddess Yamuna's house. He stayed there for five days so Tihar is also called "Yamapanchak". He was pleased with the Hospitality so he asked her to make a wish. Yamuna wished that the love and faith of the brothers and sisters who meet every year on the same day remain strong and the brothers have a long life and fame. Yamaraj granted the wish. +In Bhai Tika, brothers sit on the floor while their sisters perform their "puja". During the "puja" sisters circle brothers by dropping oil on the floor from a copper pitcher. They also apply oil to their brother's hair. After that, they apply seven-color "tika" on the brother's forehead. Similarly, brothers also give "tikas" to their sisters. They also exchange gifts. This ritual is practiced for both younger and elder brothers. Those without a sister or brother join relatives or friends for "tika". This festival makes the relationship between brothers and sisters stronger. +Along with the seven-coloured "tika", sisters provide brothers with Sagun, sweets, "Makhamali" "(Gomphrena globosa)" garland. They also provide a sacred cotton thread of Tantric importance. The thread is similar to Janai and is meant to protect their bodies. + += = = Kadaikutty Singam = = = +Kadaikutty Singam (Youngest lion) is a 2018 Indian Tamil language movie. Pandiraj wrote and directed the movie. Suriya produced the movie for his studio 2D Entertainment. The movie stars Karthi and Sayyeshaa. The movie was also released in Telugu as "Chinna Babu". The movie was released on 13 July 2018. + += = = Nodal plane = = = +A nodal plane is a plane, an area around an atom, in which the probability of finding an electron is zero. + += = = Roy Hargrove = = = +Roy Anthony Hargrove (October 16, 1969 – November 2, 2018) was an American jazz trumpeter. He was born in Waco, Texas. Hargrove played primarily with jazz musicians such as Wynton Marsalis and Herbie Hancock. His first best known work was "With the Tenors of Our Time". He won two Grammy Awards for "Habana" (1997) and "" (2002). +Hargrove was the bandleader of the progressive group The RH Factor. Its members have included Chalmers "Spanky" Alford, Pino Palladino, James Poyser, Jonathan Batiste and Bernard Wright. +Hargrove died in New York City on November 2, 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 49. + += = = Mari Hulman George = = = +Mary Antonia "Mari" Hulman George (December 26, 1934 – November 3, 2018) was an American businesswoman and philanthropist. She was born in Evansville, Indiana. George wasthe daughter of Anton "Tony" Hulman and Mary Fendrich Hulman. She was the chairperson of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway from 1988 to 2016, and also of Hulman & Company. +George died on November 3, 2018 in Indianapolis, Indiana at the age of 83. + += = = Stroud = = = +Stroud is a market town and civil parish in the centre of Gloucestershire, England. It is 16 kilometres south of Gloucester, 24 kilometres south-southwest of Cheltenham, 21 kilometres west-northwest of Cirencester and 42 kilometres northeast of Bristol. It is known for its steep streets and café culture. +History. +Stroud Parish was originally part of Bisely, until the church was assigned parochial rights by the rectors of Bisely in 1304. +It was heavily involved in the Industrial Revolution as a cloth town. + += = = Sharpsburg, Maryland = = = +Sharpsburg is a town in Washington County, Maryland, United States, located about south of Hagerstown. The population was 560 at the 2020 census. + += = = Columbia County, Arkansas = = = +Columbia County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,801. The county seat is Magnolia. The county was founded on December 17, 1852, and named for Christopher Columbus. + += = = Conway County, Arkansas = = = +Conway County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,715. The county seat is Morrilton. It was founded on October 20, 1825. + += = = Craighead County, Arkansas = = = +Craighead County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 111,231. The county seats are Jonesboro and Lake City. It was founded on February 19, 1859. + += = = Crittenden County, Arkansas = = = +Crittenden County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,163. The county seat is Marion. It was founded on October 22, 1825. + += = = Cedarville, Arkansas = = = +Cedarville is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Mulberry, Arkansas = = = +Mulberry is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Cross County, Arkansas = = = +Cross County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,833. The county seat is Wynne. It was founded on November 15, 1862. + += = = Carroll County, Indiana = = = +Carroll County is a county in the state of Indiana, in the United States. The county seat is Delphi. + += = = Hafiz Hafeezur Rehman = = = +Hafiz Hafeezur Rehman (; born 1st January 1969) is a Pakistani politician. He is the 2nd Chief Minister of Gilgit-Baltistan and also leader of Pakistan's conservative political party PML-N, in Gilgit-Baltistan. He is serving in office since 2015. + += = = WR 102ka = = = +WR 102ka, also called the Peony Nebula Star, is a blue hypergiant star. It is found in the constellation Sagittarius and is located near the middle of the Milky Way. It is 92 times larger than the Sun and 3.2 million times brighter. + += = = Sigma Octantis = = = +Sigma Octantis is the current southern pole star. It is an F-type giant star. However, it is not as useful as the north pole star, Polaris, as it is much dimmer. It is 7,415 degrees Kelvin. + += = = MY Cephei = = = +MY Cephei is a red supergiant star located in the Cepheus constellation. It is 1,134 times larger than the Sun. + += = = LBV 1806-20 = = = +LBV 1806-20 is a blue supergiant star. It is 2,000,000 times brighter than the Sun. It is located in the Sagittarius constellation but due to dust is not visible to the naked eye. The star is 1,135 times larger than the Sun. + += = = Thita Rangsitpol Manitkul = = = +Thitiya Rangsitpol (born 8 November 1966) is a Thai politician and congresswoman who represented Thailand from 2001 to 2005. + += = = Tewkesbury = = = +Tewkesbury is a town and civil parish in northern Gloucestershire, near the border with Worcestershire. +The battle of Tewkesbury was fought On 4th May 1471 and was one of the decisive battles of the Wars of the Roses. +The River Severn and Avon flow by Tewkesbury. +Transport. +The M5 and M50 motorways and A38 and A46 trunk roads serve Tewkesbury. There are frequent bus rides to the area. +Tewkesbury is served by Ashchurch for Tewkesbury railway station. It was the last mainline station in Gloucestershire to be reopened after British Rail was fragmented into Railtrack. + += = = Jaco Pastorius = = = +John Francis Anthony Pastorius III (December 1, 1951 – September 21, 1987), better known as Jaco Pastorius, was an American jazz bassist. Despite his short career, he is considered by a select few to be the greatest bassist of all time. He was born in Norristown, Pennsylvania. +Pastorius was a member of Weather Report from 1976 to 1981. He worked with Pat Metheny, Joni Mitchell, and recorded albums as a solo artist and band leader. Pastorius was the first bassist in any genre to use harmonics in his bass playing, which can be heard in songs such as "Portrait of Tracy". +Pastorius developed a self-destructive habit of provoking bar fights and allowing himself to be beaten up. On September 11, 1987, Pastorius was beaten to the point that he became comatose after a Carlos Santana concert in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. He suffered a cerebral hemorrhage and a few days later led to brain death. He was disconnected from life support and died on September 21, 1987 at the age of 35 at a hospital in Fort Lauderdale. + += = = Gersau = = = +Gersau is a municipality and district in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland. It is on the shores of Lake Lucerne. + += = = Arth = = = +Arth is a municipality in Schwyz District in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland. + += = = Dallas County, Arkansas = = = +Dallas County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,482, The county seat is Fordyce. It was founded on January 1, 1845. + += = = Riemenstalden = = = +Riemenstalden is a municipality in Schwyz District in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland. The villages can be reached by road from Sisikon (Canton of Uri). +Alplersee is on the slopes of Rophaien. + += = = SEAT = = = +SEAT () is a Spanish car maker headquartered in Martorell, Spain. It is a part of the Volkswagen Group since 1986. The company was founded on 9 May 1950. In 2020, annual production was over 468,000 units, with more than 427,000 cars sold in just one year, exported to over 75 countries worldwide. 1950 + += = = Desha County, Arkansas = = = +Desha County is a county located in the southeast part of the U.S. state of Arkansas, with its eastern border the Mississippi River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,395. The county seat is Arkansas City. It was founded on December 12, 1838. + += = = Drew County, Arkansas = = = +Drew County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,350. The county seat and largest city is Monticello. Drew County was founded on November 26, 1846, and named for Thomas Drew, the third governor of Arkansas. + += = = Faulkner County, Arkansas = = = +Faulkner County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 123,498. The county seat and largest city is Conway. It was founded on April 12, 1873. + += = = Kivitoo = = = +Kivitoo was an Inuit community. It was also a whaling station. It was on the northeast shore of Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada. The Inuit families that lived in Kivitoo moved to Qikiqtarjuaq in the 1950s. Qikiqtarjuaq is south of Kivitoo. +History. +In the 20th century, the Sabellum Trading Company created a whaling post at Kivitoo. This was to help the whalers that would stop there. The post was abandoned in 1926.<ref name="Dictionary o/ Canadian Bios"></ref> +Kivitoo was a Distant Early Warning Line site. It's code was FOX-D. Right now, it is a North Warning System site. A short airstrip was built near Kivitoo around the time it became a Distant Early Warning Line site. The people that were living in Kivitoo were moved to Qikiqtarjuaq in the 1950s by the Canadian government. This was supposed to be for their safety because three people that lived in Kivitoo were killed when ice broke under their igloos. The people never came back to Kivitoo. The government had already demolished most of the buildings in Kivitoo. +A documentary that was made by Zacharias Kunuk talked about Kivitoo. It is called "". + += = = IPhone 8 = = = +iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus are smartphones designed and developed by Apple Inc. It was announced on September 12, 2017, alongside the more expensive iPhone X. It was released on September 22, 2017. +The iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus designs are very similar to earlier iPhone designs, with one exception being that it now has a glass back. These two smartphones also allow wireless charging, a feature that allows the smartphone to be charging without needing a wire. Both smartphones also have a faster processor to load apps faster and more efficiently. It also has an improved camera for taking photos with much better quality. The displays on the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus are also much improved compared to earlier iPhones, allowing the screen to automatically adjust color balance depending on the ambient light (background light). The iPhone 8 and 8 Plus both have the same internal hardware as the iPhone X, sharing the same processors and same memory space as each other. + += = = IPod Touch (6th generation) = = = +The iPod Touch (6th generation), is the sixth iPod Touch released by Apple Inc. It was first released on July 15, 2015. It is a handheld tablet computer. The iPod Touch 6 can do many things that iPhones can do except it cannot use cellular data (which is required for making calls or texting without WiFi). Critics praise the iPod Touch 6 as a low-cost device that produces good quality photos, though they criticize the iPod Touch 6 for having a poor battery life and a small screen. + += = = Conveyor belt = = = +A conveyor belt is a mechanism which is able to transport goods or people over a distance. It is made of a band, which is held by a number of wheels. On one side, the belt is used for transport, on the other, it travels back the distance. Conveyor belts are commonly used to transport bulk goods, such as sand or coal. + += = = Mariano Rajoy Sobredo = = = +Mariano Rajoy Sobredo (28 August 1921 – 1 November 2018), was a Spanish jurist and magistrate. He was president of the Provincial Audience of Pontevedra and father of former Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy. He was born in Santiago de Compostela. +Rajoy Sobredo died in Madrid on 1 November 2018 at the age of 97. + += = = Pablo Casado = = = +Pablo Casado Blanco (born 1 February 1981) is a Spanish politician. He was the leader of the People's Party. He was one of the three deputies for Ávila in the national Congress of Deputies from 2011 until 2022. +From 2015 to 2018 he also was Vice Secretary-General of Communication of the People's Party (PP). In July 2018, he became the president of the PP. He resigned in April 2022. + += = = Ken Swofford = = = +Kenneth Charles "Ken" Swofford (July 25, 1933 – November 1, 2018) was an American actor. He was born in Du Quoin, Illinois. +Between 1962 and 1995, Swofford's movie roles included "Thelma & Louise", "Skyjacked", "Black Roses" and "The Andromeda Strain". +Swofford appeared on such television series as "Fame", "Switch", "The Oregon Trail", "Rich Man, Poor Man Book II", "Murder, She Wrote", and as a cast member of the mystery series "Ellery Queen". +Swofford died on November 1, 2018 in Garden Grove, California at the age of 85. + += = = Janusz Bielański = = = +Rev. Janusz Bielanski (25 March 1939 – 3 November 2018) was a Roman Catholic priest. He was the rector of the Wawel Cathedral in Kraków, Poland from 1983 until 2007. +Bielański resigned on January 8, 2007 after allegations about his cooperation with the Służba Bezpieczeństwa—the communist-era secret police. Bielanski's resignation was announced the day after the resignation of Archbishop Stanisław Wielgus from the see of Warsaw. +Bielański died on 3 November 2018 in Kraków at the age of 79. + += = = Jeremy Heywood = = = +Jeremy John Heywood, Baron Heywood of Whitehall, (31 December 1961 – 4 November 2018) was a senior British civil servant. He was Cabinet Secretary from 1 January 2012, and Head of the Home Civil Service from September 2014, until stepping down in October 2018. He was the Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister, as well as the Downing Street Chief of Staff and the first and only Downing Street Permanent Secretary. +Heywood was diagnosed with lung cancer in June 2017. He retired on health grounds on 24 October 2018. He died on 4 November 2018 in London, aged 56. + += = = Harris Hines = = = +Harris Hines (September 6, 1943 – November 4, 2018) was an American judge. He was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He was the Chief Justice of the Georgia Supreme Court in the United States from 2017 to 2018. He was appointed to the Supreme Court on July 26, 1995 and re-elected by the voters of the state. Hines was elected Chief Justice by his colleagues in September 2016 and he retired in August 2018. +Hines was killed in a car crash in Atlanta on November 4, 2018 at the age of 75. + += = = Vince Manuwai = = = +Vincent Keoni Manuwai (July 12, 1980 – November 4, 2018) was an American football guard. He was born in Honolulu. He was drafted in the third round of the 2003 NFL Draft by the Jacksonville Jaguars. He played college football for the University of Hawaii Warriors. +Manuwai died on November 4, 2018, at the age of 38, from cardiac arrest at his apartment in Honolulu, Hawaii. + += = = Wolfgang Zuckermann = = = +Wolfgang Joachim Zuckermann (11 October 1922 – 30 October 2018) was a German-American harpsichord maker and activist. He was born in Berlin. He invented a highly popular kit for constructing new instruments and wrote an influential book, "The Modern Harpsichord". As environmental and social activist, he has authored books including "The Mews of London" and "The End of the Road". +In June 1994 he became founder and owner-manager of "Shakespeare", an English-language bookstore and arts center in Avignon, named after a famous earlier "Shakespeare" bookstore run in Paris. Zuckermann retired from running the bookstore in 2012. +Zuckermann died on 4 November 2018 in Avignon, France at the age of 96. + += = = Warren B. Hamilton = = = +Warren B. Hamilton (May 13, 1925 – October 26, 2018) was an American geologist. He was known for his works in geology and geophysics. He described the dynamic and petrologic evolution of Earth's crust and mantle. He worked for the US Geological Survey (USGS) in geologic, then geophysical, branches. +Hamilton died on October 26, 2018 in Golden, Colorado at the age of 93. + += = = Claes Oldenburg = = = +Claes Oldenburg (January 28, 1929 – July 18, 2022) was a Swiss-born American sculptor who was born in Sweden. He was best known for his public art installations typically featuring large replicas of everyday objects. Another theme in his work is soft sculpture versions of everyday objects. Many of his works were made in collaboration with his wife, Coosje van Bruggen, who died in 2009; they had been married for 32 years. He spent most of his life in Chicago and New York City. +Oldenburg died on July 18, 2022 from problems caused by a fall in New York City, aged 93. + += = = I. John Hesselink = = = +Ira John Hesselink Jr. (March 21, 1928 – October 28, 2018) was an American theologian. He was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He was a Professor Emeritus of Systematic Theology at Western Theological Seminary in Holland, Michigan. After his retirement, he was an honorary professor and continued to write a few books on John Calvin and lectures in Europe, South Korea and Japan. +He was a theologian who was a missionary in Japan after receiving theological education at Western Theological Seminary in Holland, Michigan. He wrote a book on Calvin's Catechism and several books and papers. In his book on Calvin in the Cambridge Theologian Series, he wrote a paper on Calvin's theology. +He was also president of Karl Barth Society of North America founded in October 1972 in Toronto by a group of Canadian and American scholars of Karl Barth, inspired by his son Markus Barth. +Hesselink died on October 28, 2018 in Holland, Michigan at the age of 90. + += = = Emil Paleček = = = +Emil Paleček (3 October 1930 – 30 October 2018) was a Czech biochemist. He researched how DNA can be used to diagnose genetic diseases. Paleček discovered electrochemistry in nucleic acids. He was Jewish and his father died in the Holocaust. +In 1959, Paleček got a PhD in biochemistry from Masaryk University in Brno, Czechoslovakia (now in the Czech Republic). During the 1960s, Paleček worked at the Biophysical Institute of the Academy of Sciences in Brno. +In 1989, Paleček became a member of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. From 1993–97, he was a member of the Czech Academy of Sciences. In 1994, Paleček was one of the founding members of the Learned Society of the Czech Republic. +Paleček died of a stroke while swimming on 30 October 2018 in Brno, Czech Republic at the age of 88. + += = = Sebaceous hyperplasia = = = +Sebaceous hyperplasia is a skin condition. It forms non-malignant lesions, typically found in middle-aged individuals. They are filled with sebum and can turn into a sebaceous tumor if left untreated. Sebum will typically come out of the lesion if squeezed. Sometimes this might hurt the person who has it. + += = = Nicaraguan córdoba = = = +The córdoba (, sign: C$; code: NIO) is the currency of Nicaragua. It is divided into 100 "centavos". + += = = Baadshah (1999 movie) = = = +Baadshah (translation: "King") is a 1999 Indian action comedy movie directed by Abbas-Mustan. The movie stars Shah Rukh Khan opposite Twinkle Khanna in lead roles. It was released on 27 August 1999. Shahrukh Khan earned a Filmfare Award nomination for Best Performance in a Comic Role. +Music. +Soundtrack. +The soundtrack has 6 songs composed by Anu Malik. Most of the songs are sung by Abhijeet. The artists are Alka Yagnik & Anu Malik. + += = = Roger Bootle-Wilbraham, 7th Baron Skelmersdale = = = +Roger Bootle-Wilbraham, 7th Baron Skelmersdale (2 April 1945 – 2 November 2018), was a British politician. He was a Conservative member of the House of Lords from 1974 until his death in 2018. He studied at Eton College. He worked with Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. +Bootle-Wilbraham worked for Department of Environment as a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State and then to the Department of Health and Social Security in 1987 before that department was split in 1988. +Bootle-Wilbraham continued to work at the Department of Social Security until 1989 when he was assigned to the Northern Ireland Office until November 1990. He was not reappointed by John Major. +Bootle-Wilbraham died on 2 November 2018 at the age of 73. + += = = Grant R. Osborne = = = +Grant R. Osborne (July 7, 1942 – November 4, 2018) was an American theologian and New Testament scholar. He was Professor of New Testament at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School. He was born in New York City. +Osborne studied at Fort Wayne Bible College, Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, and the University of Aberdeen. He was best known for his concept of the "hermeneutical spiral". +Osborne died on November 4, 2018 in Libertyville, Illinois at the age of 76. + += = = Mandela Barnes = = = +Mandela Barnes (born December 1, 1986) is an American politician and community organizer. Barnes was the 45th Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin from 2019 to 2023. He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from 2013 to 2017. +Barnes was the Democratic nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin in the 2018 election running alongside Tony Evers and they won the general election in November 2018. +In July 2021, Barnes announced his candidacy for United States Senate in the 2022 election running against Republican Senator Ron Johnson. If elected, he would be the first Black person to represent Wisconsin in the U.S. Senate. In August 2022, he won the Democratic nomination. He narrowly lost the election to Johnson in November 2022. +Barnes voted for U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders for President of the United States in the 2016 and 2020 Wisconsin presidential primaries. + += = = Autumn Reeser = = = +Autumn Reeser (born September 21, 1980) is an American actress. She was born in La Jolla, San Diego, California. +Reeser is best known for her roles as Taylor Townsend on the Fox series "The O.C.", Lizzie Grant on HBO's "Entourage", Katie Andrews on ABC's "No Ordinary Family", Kylie Sinclair on ABC's "Last Resort", Dr. Gabby Asano in CBS's "Hawaii Five-0", and Leslie Bellcamp on E!'s "The Arrangement". +Reeser appeared in Clint Eastwood's movie "Sully" with Tom Hanks. + += = = Rami Malek = = = +Rami Said Malek (born May 12, 1981) is an American actor. He is known for his role as Elliot Alderson in the USA Network television series "Mr. Robot". For his role as Alderson, he won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series in 2016. +Malek is also known for his roles in the "Night at the Museum" trilogy, "The Pacific" (2010), "" (2012), and "Short Term 12" (2013). +Malek played musician Freddie Mercury in the biographical drama "Bohemian Rhapsody" (2018). He won a Golden Globe Award and an Oscar for this role in 2019. He later played James Bond villain Lyutsifer Safin in the 2021 movie "No Time to Die". + += = = Sayed Ashraful Islam = = = +Sayed Ashraful Islam (1 January 1952 – 3 January 2019) was a Bangladeshi politician. He was a member of the Awami League. He was a Member of Parliament and Minister of Public Administration of the Government of Bangladesh. Islam was Minister of Local Government and Rural Development. He was born in Mymensingh, East Bengal. +In November 2018, Islam was diagnosed with stage-4 lung cancer. He died two months later from the disease on 3 January 2019 in Bangkok, Thailand, aged 67. + += = = Karl-Heinz Adler = = = +Karl-Heinz Adler (20 June 1927 – 4 November 2018) was a German abstract painter, graphic artist and conceptual artist. He was described as "one of Germany’s most famous representatives of Concrete Art." He was born in Adorf, Saxony, Germany. +He produced many public monuments and developed, with Friedrich Kracht, modular concrete decoration for hundreds of buildings across East Germany. +Adler died on 4 November 2018 at the age of 91. + += = = Héctor Ferrer = = = +Héctor J. Ferrer Ríos (March 27, 1966 – November 5, 2018) was a Puerto Rican Democratic politician and attorney. He was a legislator in the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico from 2001 to 2012 for three consecutive terms. He was the president of the Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico (PPD) from 2017 to October 2018. Ferrer was born in San Juan. +In September 2015, Ferrer was diagnosed with esophageal cancer. He died in San Juan on November 5, 2018 from the disease at the age of 52. + += = = Chaghcharan Airport = = = +Chaghcharan Airport () is an airport in Afghanistan located in Chaghcharan city of Ghor Province, in central parts of the country. + += = = Donna Axum = = = +Donna Idelle Axum (January 3, 1942 – November 4, 2018) was an American beauty pageant winner, philanthropist and model. She was newly made Miss Arkansas who was crowned Miss America in 1964. She was born in El Dorado, Arkansas. +From 1969 to 1972, she was married to Texas state politician Gus Franklin Mutscher. +Axum died on November 4, 2018 in Fort Worth, Texas from complications of Parkinson's disease at the age of 76. + += = = Gus Franklin Mutscher = = = +Gus Franklin Mutscher (November 19, 1932 – February 26, 2023) was an American Democratic politician. He was the Speaker of the Texas House of Representatives from 1969 to 1972. +Mutscher was one of several Texas politicians indicted in the Sharpstown bank stock fraud scandal. He was convicted and sentenced to five years probation for conspiring to accept a bribe. Mutscher, however, was later cleared on appeal. +Mutscher was born in Brenham, Texas. He married a former Miss America, Donna Axum of El Dorado, Arkansas in 1969, but divorced in 1972. +Mutscher died on February 26, 2023 in Brenham, Texas at the age of 90. + += = = Brenham, Texas = = = +Brenham is a city in Texas in Washington County, United States, with a population of 17,369 according to the 2020 U.S. census. It is the county seat of Washington County. Brenham is south of College Station. + += = = Feride Rushiti = = = +Dr. Feride Rushiti is the founder and Executive Director of the Kosova Rehabilitation Centre for Torture Victims (KRCT) since 1999. Ms. Rushiti is graduated and specialized at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Tirana, Albania. +Feride Rushiti is one of the pioneering activists of Human Rights in Kosovo. Soon as the war in Kosovo has ended in 1999 she established the KRCT the same year, just in order to treat survivor victims of torture where she was actively involved in providing medical and psycho-social assistance for the first post-war returnees. +Ms. Rushiti began its work in March 1999, when half of Kosovo’s population fled Kosovo, and mainly where deported to Albania; many of them had suffered from the effects of severe mental and somatic torture and other violations of human rights and other constituted rights enjoying by people +She continued in supporting victims of post-war trauma since that time and advocating strongly in promoting and advancing their rights, social inclusion, combating stigmatization, and get recognized by law for this sensitive social group. +In its 20 years of work and activity, the primary importance has been dedicated "to the survivals of wartime sexual violence in Kosovo". After almost two decades of work and uncompromising engagement of Mrs. Rushiti, survivors of sexual violence have been recognized as a civilian victim of war as a legal status. Exactly, in 2017, its advocacy brought an important government decision to fund personal retirement for survivors of wartime sexual violence in Kosovo. +Since 2007, within the Human Rights and Advocacy Sector, she has been very active in lobbying, promoting and protecting human rights for persons deprived of their liberty. In this regard, thanks to the contribution and influence of Mrs. Rushiti, the overall treatment situation and the legal framework for persons deprived of their liberty has been promoted and improved. +Feride Rushiti, as a result of her bold and unremitting commitment in the field of Rehabilitation, Human Rights, Research and Documentation, Advocacy and Lobbying, and Economic Reintegration, in 2018, the US Department of State has awarded the Award International for Courageous Women. +Life. +Feride Rushiti is an ethnic Albanian from Gjilan in eastern Kosovo. +Rushiti graduated from the Faculty of Medicine in Tirana in 1997. Later she specialized in gastroenterology. +Work. +In 1999, Rushiti traveled to Kukës in eastern Kosovo, on the Albanian border. She worked with the UN’s children’s agency and with Doctors Without Borders. +During the 1990s, more than half of the population of Kosovo moved out of the country, mostly to Albania, because of the 1998-1999 war and because of many human rights violations. Rushiti formed a group of 45 health professionals from Kosovo to provide medical and psychological support to the refugees. After the war, the refugees returned to Kosovo. This was a new beginning for protection of human rights, especially from torture and other forms of human degradation. In October 1999, Rushiti started the Kosovo Center for Rehabilitation of Torture Victims (KRCT), to provide rehabilitation, health care, and psycho-social help for the survivors of torture and violence. +In 2014, the parliament passed a law to recognize rape survivors as war victims, so they could receive pensions. In 2018, after more than ten years of advocacy by women's activists, including Feride Rushiti of The Kosovo Rehabilitation Centre for Torture Victims, they started receiving money. Survivors can receive $280 a month (about 228 Euros). + += = = Hyperloop = = = +A Hyperloop is a proposed type of train that would travel at very high speeds. The reason it can travel so fast is because it is inside a tube with no air. This vacuum means that there will be no friction to slow the train. +The Hyperloop is being created and tested in various places around the world, for example the United States, the Middle East and Asia. +In 2012, Elon Musk (Tesla Motors, SpaceX) proposed this technology. In 2013, he put a plan online that showed the hyperloop train taking 35 minutes to go between San Francisco and Los Angeles in the United States. He shared this technology to the world. In 2015, Musk's company built a test tube. He asked universities and companies to make the test trains. They had two competitions in 2017 to see how fast the hyperloop trains could travel. The fastest test was . + += = = Bourton-on-the-Water = = = +Bourton-on-the-Water is a large village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England. It is surrounded by the Cotswolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. 3,296 people live there making it a very large village, bigger than the nearby market towns of Burford and Stow-on-the-wold. + += = = Selection sort = = = +In computer science, selection sort is a method for sorting data such as numbers into an ordered list. It is not an efficient method of sorting data compared to more advanced algorithms such as quicksort and heapsort. However, it is very simple to build and is usually taught to beginners in computer science. +Selection sort has a time complexity of O(n2). +Algorithm. +When given a list of unsorted data, the algorithm will divide the list into two parts: one part that has all the sorted data and another part that has all the remaining unsorted data. When the algorithm first starts, there is no data in the first part as no data has been sorted yet and all the unsorted data is in the second part. The algorithm then starts to find the smallest item in the unsorted data and swap it with the left-most element of the list. The part with the sorted data is then the left-most element and the part with the unsorted data is the remaining unsorted elements. The algorithm repeats itself, by finding the smallest element within the list of unsorted data and swapping it with the left-most element, eventually getting a sorted data. +Here is an example of selection sort working on six elements: +Implementation. +The implementation of this algorithm requires using two nested loops. The outer loop is to work on every element in the list starting from the left-most element whereas the inner loop is to find for the smallest element within the unsorted part of the list before the smallest element is swapped with the left-most element. +A possible way of writing this algorithm in Java is shown below. +public static void selectionSort(int[] array) { + for (int start = 0; start < array.length - 1; start++) { + int minimumId = start; + // Find the index of the smallest number + for (int i = start + 1; i < array.length; i++) { + if (array[i] < array[minimumId]) { + minimumId = i; + // Swap the smallest number with the left-most element + int temp = array[start]; + array[start] = array[minimumId]; + array[minimumId] = temp; + += = = Vital Heynen = = = +Vital Heynen (born 12 June 1969) is a former Belgian volleyball player and head coach of German club VfB Friedrichshafen and Poland men's national volleyball team. + += = = Buryatia = = = +The Republic of Buryatia is a Mongolic federal subject in Russia. It is one of the 85 federal subjects of Russia. It is in the Siberian area of Russia. It is grouped and governed as part of the Far Eastern District. The Far Eastern District contains ten other federal subjects too. Buryatia also shares an international border with Mongolia. +History. +In the past, the Buryats were linked and related to the Mongols. It is because of the close distance and trade with each other. They also share a similar culture. Because of this the Buryats were ruled by the Mongols many times. The Xiongnu Empire (209 BC-93 CE), Kublai Khan's Mongol Empire (1206-1368) and the Northern Yuan Empire (1368-1691), were examples when the Buryats were ruled by the Mongols. Other Mongol tribes also lived in Buryatia during that time too. The Russians, who were Europeans, first arrived in the area of the present-day Buryatia during the 17th century. They came because they were looking for furs and gold. Later during the 1920s, the area was affected by the violence of the Russian Civil War. In 1923, the Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was formed at the end of the civil war to put in place a proper rule. The area changed size and name many times while it was in the Soviet Union. The Buryat ASSR started controlling itself in 1990. This was when the Soviet Union collapsed and Buryatia took on the name Republic of Buryatia in 1992. However, it continued to be a republic in Russia. +Geography. +Buryatia is in the south central part of Siberia. Because of this it has a subarctic climate, which have long, cold winters, and short, mild summers. There is not a lot of rainfall in the area because of the climate. The landscape is mostly mountainous. Lake Baikal, the world's largest freshwater lake, is also in Buryatia. There are many animals and birds in the area. These animals and birds may appear depending on the season. The area is also rich in minerals like gold, tungsten, uranium, zinc and more. +Demographics. +Buryatia's population at the end of the Soviet Union decreased for some time, according to data. It is currently increasing again. A little bit more than half of the population live in cities and towns. Most of the people that live in cities and towns live in the capital, Ulan-Ude. Ethnic Buryats are about one third of the population. Russians mostly make up the other two-thirds of the population. Most ethnic Buryats practice a religion that is mixed with Buddhism and Shamanism, which is a belief that worships spirits and nature. On the other hand, ethnic Russians mostly practice Orthodox Christianity. Russian is taught and used commonly in Buryatia. But the Buryat language is still taught in some schools and is used mostly at home. +Economy. +The economy of Buryatia mostly relies on farming. This includes the growing of crops and rearing of animals. The mining of minerals contributes to the economy of Buryatia. The building of military equipment and machines also contribute to the economy of Buryatia. Lake Baikal is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Tourism to Lake Baikal and Buddhist sites are also more areas that have helped the economy. +Politics. +The Head of Buryatia is the leader of the republic. The Head is chosen by public vote every five years. The People's Khural, is the republic's parliament. The People's Khural lawmakers are chosen similarly by the public every five years. The majority of these lawmakers are currently from the United Russia party. The United Russia party is the ruling party of Russia. The republic was part of the Siberia Federal District before it was transferred to the current Far East Federal District. +Transportation. +Buryatia lies along the important Trans-Siberian railway and Trans-Siberian Highway. The railway and highway links Moscow with Asia. They also connect Buryatia with the rest of Russia. The republic has several airports, including Baikal International Airport. + += = = Rangeela Raja = = = +Rangeela Raja is an Indian Hindi-language comedy movie, written and produced by Pahlaj Nihalani, and directed by Sikander Bharti. It was released in 2018. +The movie stars Govinda, Shakti Kapoor, Digangana Suryavanshi, Prem Chopra, Govind Namdeo and Shyamlal Yadav. The film introduces Mishika Chourasia and Anupama Agnihotri. +The movie is set in Rajesthan and Govinda will be seen in a double role, portraying four distinct characters. The movie was initially slated to release on 6 November 2018, the same date as Thugs Of Hindostan; however, the movie released on 16 November 2018 instead. +Controversy. +Pahlaj Nihalani criticized the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) for not reviewing his movie, Rangeela Raja, for 40 days since the date of submission. The moviw was screened by the CBFC just two weeks ahead of its release, and the producer was asked to make 20 cuts. Nihalani accused the CBFC chairperson, Prasoon Joshi, of favoritism; he said that preferential treatment was extended to big studios. The ex-chairperson of CBFC moved the Bombay High Court against CBFC. + += = = Garland County, Arkansas = = = +Garland County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 100,180. The county seat is Hot Springs. It was founded on April 5, 1873. + += = = Grant County, Arkansas = = = +Grant County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. 17,958 people lived there at the 2020 census. The county seat is Sheridan. It was founded on February 4, 1869. + += = = Hempstead County, Arkansas = = = +Hempstead County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,065. The county seat is Hope. It was founded on December 15, 1818. + += = = Coy, Arkansas = = = +Coy is a town of the state of Arkansas in the United States of America. + += = = Hot Spring County, Arkansas = = = +Hot Spring County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 33,040. The county seat is Malvern. It was founded on November 2, 1829. + += = = Howard County, Arkansas = = = +Howard County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, 12,785 people lived there. The county seat is Nashville. It was formed on April 17, 1873 from parts of Hempstead, Sevier, Polk, and Pike counties. + += = = Rison, Arkansas = = = +Rison is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Murfreesboro, Arkansas = = = +Murfreesboro is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Bernard Landry = = = +Bernard Landry (; March 9, 1937 – November 6, 2018), was a Canadian lawyer, teacher, politician. He was the leader of the Parti Québécois (2001–2005) and was the 28th Premier of Quebec (2001–2003), and leader of the Opposition (2003–2005). He was born in Saint-Jacques, Quebec. +Landry died on November 6, 2018 from complications of pulmonary fibrosis in Verchères near Montreal at the age of 81. + += = = Wired (magazine) = = = +Wired (called WIRED) is a magazine written in English. It is issued to readers once a month. They also put up their editions on the Internet, on their own website. Their writers write about politics, the economy, and how new technology changes culture. The magazine belongs to a company called Condé Nast, and has its headquarters in San Francisco, California. +They have other kinds of their magazine like "Wired UK", "Wired Italia", etc. In their first “colophons”, they said that a Canadian named Marshall McLuhan was their “patron saint”. When it started, influence on the magazine’s editorials was strongest about “techno-utopian” stuff. +There is a paywall on the website, which is 20 US dollars a year. During the time Condé Nast owned the magazine, Wired News took care of the website. +History. +The magazine was started by a journalist named Louis Rossetto and his friend Jane Metcalfe, along with Ian Charles Stewart, in 1993. In the early days, they were backed up by a software entrepreneur named Charlie Jackson and an academic named Nicholas Negroponte of the MIT Media Lab, who was a columnist for six years (through 1998) and wrote the book "Being Digital". The founding designers were John Plunkett and Barbara Kuhr (Plunkett+Kuhr), starting with a 1991 verson and keeing up through the first five years of their magazine, 1993–98. +"Wired", who said it was "the "Rolling Stone" of technology", showed off at the Macworld conference on January 2, 1993. It gained success at its launch and was loved by many for its vision, originality, innovation, and cultural impact. In its first four years, the magazine earned two National Magazine Awards for General Excellence and one for Design. +The founding executive editor of "Wired", Kevin Kelly, was once an editor of the "Whole Earth Catalog" and the "Whole Earth Review" and took with him a few contributing writers from those publications. Six writers of the first "Wired" issue (1.1) had made stories for "Whole Earth Review", with the most famous writer being Bruce Sterling (who was highlighted on the first cover) and Stewart Brand. Other people who contribute to "Whole Earth" were also shown in the magazine, including William Gibson, who was shown on "Wired"'s cover in its first year and his article "Disneyland with the Death Penalty" in issue 1.4 resulted in the publication being banned in Singapore. + += = = Sean Casten = = = +Sean Casten (born November 23, 1971) is an American scientist, clean energy entrepreneur, and politician. He is the member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois's 6th district since January 3, 2019. +He was the Democratic Party's nominee for the House of Representatives for Illinois’ 6th District in the 2018 election, and won the election on November 6, 2018. + += = = Kevin Stitt = = = +John Kevin Stitt (born December 28, 1972) is an American businessman, philanthropist and politician. He is a member of the Republican Party. Stitt is the 28th Governor of Oklahoma since 2019. +He is the founder and Chairman of Gateway Mortgage Group. He grew up in Norman, Oklahoma and graduated from Oklahoma State University. +He is a member of the Cherokee Nation. + += = = Lauren Underwood = = = +Lauren Ashley Underwood (born October 4, 1986_ is an American politician, political advisor and former registered nurse. She was born in Ohio, but raised in Naperville, Illinois. She is a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois's 14th district since January 3, 2019. +Underwood studied at University of Michigan and at Johns Hopkins University. +In August 2017, Underwood announced her candidacy in the 2018 elections for the United States House of Representatives in . Underwood defeated incumbent Randy Hultgren in the November 2018 general election. + += = = Bob Stefanowski = = = +Robert Vincent Stefanowski (born May 21, 1962) is an American business executive and politician. He ran as the Republican nominee for Governor of Connecticut in 2018 and 2022. +He is a former business executive of General Electric, 3i Group plc, UBS, and Dollar Financial Group. On August 14, 2018, Stefanowski won the Republican primary in the 2018 Connecticut gubernatorial election. On August 15, 2018, President Donald Trump endorsed Stefanowski's campaign. +Stefanowski lost the November 2018 gubernatorial election to Democrat Ned Lamont. He announced his plans to run for governor again in the 2022 election in January of that year. He lost the election again to Lamont. + += = = Peace TV = = = +Peace TV is a nonprofit satellite television network broadcasting globally from Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Peace TV programs are all in the English language. They are broadcast free-to-air. The founder and president of Peace TV is Zakir Naik, He is an Islamic preacher from Mumbai, India who currently lives in Malaysia. +Controversy. +In 2016, there was a terrorist attack in Dhaka. Militants stormed a bakery and took several hostages. After negotiations failed, the police stormed the bakery. In the process, at least five terrorists and more than 15 hostages were killed. Police later said that the terrorists had been influnced by Naik's speeches. After this incident, the channel was banned in Bangladesh. In 2019, the british telecom regulatic office Ofcom said that Peace TV broke the rules about hate speech After the 2019 Easter Bombings Peace TV was banned in India and Sri Lanka, for spreading hate speech. + += = = Alamgir = = = +Alamgir (born 3 April 1950) is a Bangladeshi actor and television host. He won the Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Actor seven times for his roles in the movies, "Ma O Chhele" (1985), "Apeksha" (1987), "Khotipuron" (1989), "Moroner Pore" (1990), "Pita Mata Santan" (1991), "Andha Biswas" (1992) and "Desh Premik" (1994). Besides, he earned Best Supporting Actor award for the movies, "Bhalobaslei Ghor Bandha Jay Na" (2010) and "Ke Apon Ke Por" (2011). + += = = Runa Laila = = = +Runa Laila (born 17 November 1952) is a Bangladeshi playback singer. She is one of the best-known in South Asia. She started her career in Pakistan film industry in late 1960s. Her style of singing is inspired by Pakistani playback singer Ahmed Rushdi and she also made a pair with him after replacing another singer Mala. + += = = Jonathan Cantwell = = = +Jonathan Cantwell (8 January 1982 – 6 November 2018) was an Australian professional road bicycle racer. He formerly rode for UCI Professional Continental Team . Cantwell made his Grand Tour début at the 2012 Tour de France. Cantwell took his first top ten placing on stage 4, when he finished sixth on the stage. +Cantwell died on 6 November 2018 at the age of 36. + += = = Sadika Parvin Popy = = = +Sadika Parvin Popy (known as Popy) is a Bangladeshi movie actress and model who has performed in numerous Bangladeshi films. She was born and brought up in Khulna city. She has won three national film awards for Best Actress. +Awards and achievements. +National Film Awards + += = = Greg Pence = = = +Gregory Joseph Pence (born November 14, 1956) is an American businessman and politician. He is the member for Indiana's 6th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives since January 3, 2019. He is the older brother of former U.S. Vice President Mike Pence. + += = = Parveen Sultana Diti = = = +Parveen Sultana ( known by her stage name Diti; 31 March 1965 – 20 March 2016) was a Bangladeshi film and television actress. She won the Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress in 1987 for her performance in "Shami Stri". She acted in more than 200 films in her career. + += = = Ilhan Omar = = = +Ilhan Abdullahi Omar (Arabic: ����� ��� ���� ��� born October 4, 1981) is a Somali-American politician. She is the member of the U.S House of Representatives from Minnesota's 5th district since January 3, 2019. Omar is also member of "The Squad". +In 2016, she was elected a Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party member of the Minnesota House of Representatives. She is the first Somali-American person elected to office in the United States. She is the Director of Policy and Initiatives of the Women Organizing Women Network. +Omar was the Democratic Farmer Labor nominee for U.S. Representative in Minnesota's 5th congressional district, having won the primary on August 14, 2018. Omar won the election in November 2018, becoming first Muslim-American woman to be elected to congress, alongside Rashida Tlaib. +Omar is a member of "The Squad" along with Tlaib, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Ayanna Pressley. In 2020, Omar endorsed Bernie Sanders for President. +References. +Notes + += = = Carlos Lopez-Cantera = = = +Carlos Lopez-Cantera (born December 29, 1973) is an American politician. He was the 19th Lieutenant Governor of Florida from February 3, 2014 to January 8, 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party. +On January 14, 2014, Governor Rick Scott announced López-Cantera's appointment to serve out the term of Jennifer Carroll, who resigned on March 12, 2013. + += = = Sucharita = = = +Baby Helen (known by her stage name Sucharita; born 1958) is a Bangladeshi film actress. She won the Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Actress for her role in the film "Hangor Nodi Grenade" (1997). She has acted in over 100 movies. +Awards. +Beside the Bangladesh National Film Award, Sucharita won Best Actress award from Bangladesh Film Journalists Association in 1981. + += = = Nipun Akter = = = +Nasrin Akter Nipun (known as Nipun Akter) is a Bangladeshi movie actress. She has won the National Film Award twice. Nipun entered into the movie industry in 2006. + += = = Susan Tomes = = = +Susan Mary Tomes (born 26 May 1954) is a Scottish pianist, writer and educator. A specialist in chamber music, she has been the pianist of Domus (1979–1995), the (1995–2012), and the Gaudier Ensemble (since 1993), and has performed in many duos and other chamber music combinations. She also plays solo recitals, concertos, gives lecture-recitals, teaches, gives masterclasses at music colleges, and sits on international competition juries. She has made more than fifty CDs, and has published several books. + += = = Kazi Hayat = = = +Kazi Hayat is a Bangladeshi movie director, producer, screenwriter, script writer, story writer, dialogue writer and actor. +Hayat won the Bangladesh National Film Award eight times - Best Story for "Dayi Ke" (1987), Best Dialogue and Best Screenplay for Traas (1992), Best Story for "Chandabaz" (1993), Best Director and Best Screenplay for "Desh Premik" (1994), Best Cinematography for "Ammajan" (1999), and Best Director for "Itihas" (2002). + += = = Amol Bose = = = +Amal Bose (born Amalendu Bose ); 194323 January 2012) was a Bangladeshi actor who appeared in theater, TV and radio performances. He began his career in stage acting in 1963. His first film appearance was in "Raja Sannasi" (1966). +Awards. +Bose won the National Film Awards for best co-artist' in the film "Ajker Protibad", directed by Chashi Nazrul Islam. + += = = Kithuruwan Vithanage = = = +Kasun Disi Kithuruwan Vithanage is a professional Sri Lankan cricketer who plays for all forms of the game in international level. He is a Left-hand batsman and legbreak bowler. + += = = Rani Kuthir Baki Itihash = = = +Rani Kuthir Baki Itihash () is a 2006 Bangladeshi drama-mystery movie The movie was the directoral debut of news anchor and prominent media personality Samia Zaman. and produced by Bangladeshi satellite TV Channel NTV, their second film production. + += = = Jaago (2010 movie) = = = +Jaago () is a 2010 Bangladeshi sports drama movie written and directed by Khijir Hayat Khan. The movie is produced by Adnan Karim. The film features Ferdous Ahmed and Afsana Ara Bindu in lead roles and with supporting Arifin Shuvoo, Tariq Anam Khan, Rownak Hasan, Fs Nayeem and many more. It is the first Bangladeshi movie based entirely on football. +Awards and nominations. +Jaago received fifteen nominations and received six awards in the following categories: Best Film (Critics' Choice); Best Director (Khijir Hayat Khan); Best Music Director (Arnob); Best Actress (Bindu); Best Playback Singer Male (Kumar Bishwajit for "Jhum Jhum Brishti") and Best Sound Engineer (Bappi Rahman). + += = = Beta Centauri = = = +Beta Centauri (� Centauri, � Cen, Agena, or Hadar), is a triple star system in the southern constellation of Centaurus. +The system's combined apparent visual magnitude of 0.61 makes it the second-brightest star in Centaurus and one of the brightest stars in the night sky. According to parallax measurements from the astrometric Hipparcos satellite, the distance to this system is about . +Beta Centauri is well known in the Southern Hemisphere. A line made from Alpha Centauri, through Beta Centauri leads to within a few degrees of Gacrux, the star at the top of the Southern Cross. Using Gacrux, a navigator can draw a line with Acrux at the bottom to find South. + += = = Biyer Phul = = = +Biyer Phul is a Bangladeshi romantic movie. It was released in 1999 and directed by Motin Rahman. The movie stars Riaz, Shabnur, and Shakil Khan in lead roles along with Kabori, Amol Bosh, Probir Mitra, Ahmed Sharif, and Misha Swaodagor. +Music. +Ahmed Imtiaz Bulbul was music director for the film. + += = = Chandragrohon = = = +Chandragrohon: The Lunar Eclipse is a Bangladeshi movie based on a short story written by Indian Bengali author Syed Mustafa Siraj. The movie was released 2008 and younger director Murad Parvez first time directed the film. The film features Riaz, Shohana Saba, and Champa in lead roles along with Shahiduzzaman Selim, KS Firoz, Dilara Jaman, Kohinur, Gazi Rakayet, and Azom Faruk supporting role. +In 2008, the movie won three National Film Awards and including other four awards. +Awards. +National Film Awards. +"Chandragrohon" won National Film Award and also other four awards totally seven sections. + += = = Kusum Kusum Prem = = = +Kusum Kusum Prem is a Bangladeshi Bengali language movie. It was released 2011. The movie directed by Mushfiqur Rahman Gulzar who also wrote the story. The movie produced by Impress Telefilm Limited. The movie stars Moushumi, Ferdous and Riaz in lead roles. +Accolades. +Ferdous Ahmed and Emon Saha has been judged as best actor for his outstanding performance in the film "Kusum Kusum Prem". + += = = Binary search = = = +In computer science, binary search is a method used for finding an item in a sorted list. It is an algorithm that is more efficient than linear search, which will go through every item in the list of items to find a particular item. However, the given list of items must be sorted first before a binary search algorithm can be used. +The binary search algorithm works by repeatedly splitting the sorted list into two and working on the part of the list that may contain the item that you are looking for until the final list contains only one item. +Algorithm. +First, the algorithm must be given a sorted list and the item to look for, called the target value. The algorithm then compares the middle item of the sorted list with the target value. If the middle item is the same as the target value, then the position of that middle item in the sorted list is returned by the algorithm. If the middle item is larger than the target value, then the algorithm will repeat the previous step, but this time only working on the lower half of the sorted list (where all the items are smaller than the middle item). The same is done if the middle item is smaller than the target value, but the algorithm will repeat the previous step on the upper half of the sorted list (where all the items are larger than the middle item). +The position for the middle item is found using the following formula (round down to the nearest whole number): +formula_1 +As the algorithm will divide the sorted list into two parts, each iteration thus makes the size of the search smaller by half, which makes it very efficient when searching in a large list of items. +Here is an example of searching for the number 84 in a list of 9 numbers. The following is a table showing the 9 numbers in increasing order and their list positions: +The following is a table showing each step of the binary search algorithm. The middle item in the sorted list is in bold. +In this case, position 7 is returned by the algorithm after 3 steps. If the item is not inside the sorted list of items, the binary search algorithm will keep trying until the position of the smallest item is larger than the position of the biggest item before it will return as an unsuccessful search. +Implementation. +The implementation of this algorithm requires using a while loop, which will check if the position of the smallest item is larger than the position of the biggest item. Inside the loop, the algorithm will then check if the middle item is equal to, smaller than or bigger than the target value. +A possible way of writing this algorithm in Java is shown below. +public static int binarySearch(int[] array, int target) { + int smallest = 0; + int biggest = array.length - 1; + // Make sure that we still have items in the list to search in + while (smallest <= biggest) { + int middle = (smallest + biggest) / 2; + if (array[middle] == target) { + return middle; + } else if (array[middle] > target) { + biggest = middle - 1; + } else { + smallest = middle + 1; + // Return a negative number when we cannot find the target in the array + return -1; + += = = Jemima Goldsmith = = = +Jemima Marcelle Khan (née Goldsmith, born 30 January 1974) is a British TV, movie and documentary producer and founder of Instinct Productions, a television production company. She was also a journalist, and an editor of The New Statesman, a British political and cultural magazine. Goldsmith married Pakistani cricketer and politician Imran Khan in 1995, and had two sons. The couple divorced in 2004, although they still consider each other as good friends. + += = = Dmitry Yazov = = = +Dmitry Timofeyevich Yazov (; 8 November 1924 – 25 February 2020) was a Soviet military personnel. He served during World War II and the Soviet–Afghan War. He was born in Omsk Oblast, Soviet Union. +He was the last Marshal of the Soviet Union to be appointed before the fall. He was the only Marshal of the Soviet Union to be born in Siberia. He is veteran of the Great Patriotic War. Yazov was the last surviving Soviet Marshal and the only military marshal not to have been awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. + += = = Reham Khan = = = +Reham Khan is a British Pakistani journalist, author, and filmmaker. +She married Pakistani former cricketer and politician Imran Khan in January 2015. The couple divorced after 9 months. +Personal life. +Reham was born to Nayyar Ramzan, a Pakistani physician. She is ethnically of Pashtun origins from the Lughmani clan, a sub-clan of the Swati tribe. +Her parents moved to Libya in the late 1960s, where Reham was born in Ajdabiya in 1973. She has one sister and one brother. +Reham has a Bachelor's degree in Education from Jinnah College for Women, Peshawar +She married Ejaz Rehman, her first cousin and British psychiatrist, when she was 19. Following their divorce, Khan began working as a broadcast journalist. She has three children who have lived with her since the divorce. +On 6 January 2015, Imran Khan confirmed his marriage to Reham which ended on 30 October 2015 in a divorce. +Career. +Reham started her career in 2006 hosting shows on Legal TV. In 2007, Reham began presenting for Sunshine Radio Hereford and Worcester. In 2008, Khan joined BBC as broadcast journalist. +In 2013, Khan joined Pakistani news channel News One. In 2014, following a brief stint at PTV, she joined Dawn News presenting the current affairs show "In Focus". In May 2015, she began to host "The Reham Khan Show", a programme celebrating Pakistani heroes. In December 2015, she started a new talk show by the name of "Tabdeeli" on Neo TV. "Tabdeeli" (change) is also a political slogan of Imran Khan, her former husband. +Reham has also produced a Pakistani film "Janaan", the romantic comedy set in Swat which premiered on the occasion of Eid ul Adha on 13 September 2016. + += = = Samuel P. Huntington = = = +Samuel Phillips Huntington (April 18, 1927 – December 24, 2008) was an American political scientist, adviser and academic. He spent most of his career working at Harvard University, where he was director of Harvard's Center for International Affairs and the Albert J. Weatherhead III University Professor. +During the Presidency of Jimmy Carter, Huntington was the White House Coordinator of Security Planning for the National Security Council. +Huntington was best known for his 1993 theory, the "Clash of Civilizations", of a post-Cold War new world order. He argued that future wars would be fought not between countries, but between cultures. Many believed Hunting was responsible for helping to shape U.S. views on civilian-military relations, political development, and comparative government. +Huntington died on December 24, 2008 in Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts from congestive heart failure complicated by diabetes, aged 81. + += = = Keith Christiansen = = = +Keith Raymond "Huffer" Christiansen (July 14, 1944 – November 5, 2018) was a professional Canadian-born American ice hockey player. He was born in Fort Frances, Ontario. +Christiansen appeared in 138 World Hockey Association (WHA) regular season games with the Minnesota Fighting Saints between 1972 and 1974. Before turning professional, he was a member of the United States' 1972 Winter Olympics team that won the silver medal. He also represented the United States at the 1969, 1970 and 1971 Ice Hockey World Championships. +He was inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 2005. Christiansen died in Duluth, Minnesota on November 5, 2018 at the age of 74 from pneumonia complicated by lung cancer. + += = = Independence County, Arkansas = = = +Independence County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 37,938. The county seat is Batesville. It was founded on 20 October 1820. + += = = Carroll County, Kentucky = = = +Carroll County is a county in Kentucky. Its county seat is Carrollton. + += = = Mahfuz Ahmed = = = +Mahfuz Ahmed is a Bangladeshi television actor. He is also a film actor, presenter, model and producer. He was awarded Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Actor for his role in the film "Laal Sobuj". +Personal life. +Ahmed is married to Ishrat Jahan Quader since November 2000. Together they have a daughter, Mourin Aradhya Ahmed. + += = = Shuklaphanta National Park = = = +The Shuklaphanta National Park is a protected area in the Terai of the Far-Western Region, Nepal. It covers the area of . The area is covered by open grassland, forests, riverbeds and tropical wetlands. It is at an altitude of . It was established in 1976 as "Royal Shuklaphanta Wildlife Reserve". A small part of the reserve is in the northern side of the East-West Highway. It is there to create a path for seasonal Migration of wildlife into the Sivalik Hills. The Syali River forms the eastern boundary of this national park. The international border with India makes the national park’s southern and western boundary. +The Indian Tiger Reserve Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary is in the southern part of this reserve. It is a protected area of . It represents the "Tiger Conservation Unit (TCU) Sukla Phanta-Kishanpur". It covers a block of alluvial grasslands and subtropical moist deciduous forests. +The protected area is part of the Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands ecoregion. It is one of the best-conserved examples of floodplain grassland. It is included in the Terai Arc Landscape. +History. +The area was a hunting ground for Nepal's ruling class. It was declared a Royal Hunting Reserve in 1969. In 1973, the area was changed into "Royal Sukla Phanta Wildlife Reserve". At first it had an area of . The area was made bigger to its present size in the late 1980s. A buffer zone of was added in May 2004. In 2017, the status of the protected area was changed to a national park. +The name "Suklaphanta" comes from one of the grasslands found inside the protected area. +The main grassland called "Sukla Phanta" is the largest patch of continuous grassland in Nepal. It covers an area of about . +The jungles of the Shuklaphanta National Park were once the area of an ancient kingdom. Ruins of that kingdom can still be seen in some places. Near Rani Tal, a lake in the park, a brick girdle is still there. The girdle measures in Circumference. It is considered by locals to be the remains of the fort of Tharu king Singpal. +Climate. +The climate of the region is subtropical monsoonal. The mean annual rainfall in this area is . The rainfall occurs from June to September and is highest in August. The winter months of December and January are fairly cold. The daytime temperatures during this time of year is . Sometimes frost can also be seen. From February onwards temperatures rise up to in March. The temperature reaches upto by end of April. When the first pre-monsoon rains reach the area in May, humidity increases. +Plants. +Around 700 species of plants are there in the park. They include 553 vascular plants, 18 pteridophytes, 410 dicots and 125 monocots. +Grassland covers almost half the reserve's vegetation. The main grass species are "Imperata cylindrica" and "Heteropogon contortus". khagra reed ("Phragmites karka") and "Saccharum spontaneum". They grow in the marshes around the seven small lakes. The main forest type is sal. Khair and sissoo grow by the side of rivers. The grassland being covered by trees is a major threat to the long-term existence of the main plants. Trees cover any grasses growing under them, mainly those that need more sunlight. Tree seeds are spread all over the grasslands. They mostly germinate near existing trees. Also, trees help in the growth of shade-loving grasses and prevent the growth of sun-loving species. This process of succession usually converts grassland into woodland over time. +Animals. +The open grasslands and wetlands covers large area around the lakes. This area is home to different kinds of animals. In the rivers, lakes and ponds 28 fish species and 12 reptile and amphibian species were recorded. recorded. These include mahseer and rohu, mugger crocodile, Indian rock python, monitor lizard, Indian cobra, common krait and Oriental ratsnake. +Mammals. +Current checklists include 46 mammal species. Among them 18 are protected under CITES such as the Bengal tiger, Indian leopard, sloth bear, swamp deer, elephant and hispid hare. Great one-horned rhinoceros were moved from Chitwan National Park. +The gathering of swamp deer in the park's grasslands is the largest in the world. The population of hispid hare may be of international significance. As of 2013, there were 2170 swamp deer in the reserve. +In spring 2016, a rusty-spotted cat was photographed by a camera-trap for the first time in the protected area. +Birds. +A total of 423 bird species has been recorded. The park supports the highest population of Bengal floricans in Nepal. It is the western limit of swamp francolin, Jerdon's bushchat, rufous-rumped grassbird, chestnut-capped babbler and Jerdon's babbler. For yellow-eyed babbler it is the north-western limit and it is the eastern limit of Finn's weaver. It is also the most important regular wintering site of Hodgson's bushchat. Forest birds include spot-bellied eagle owl, dusky eagle owl, rufous-bellied eagle and Oriental pied hornbill. The forests are also important for great slaty woodpecker and white-naped woodpecker. The white-rumped vulture, slender-billed vulture, lesser adjutant, grey-headed fish eagle, darter and rufous-rumped grassbird are breeding residents. Sarus crane, painted stork and bristled grassbird are summer visitors. Greater racquet-tailed drongo, white-capped water redstart, rusty-tailed flycatcher and rufous-gorgeted flycatcher are winter visitors but they are not common. +During a Survey carried out in January 2005, a total of 19 Hodgson's bushchats were recorded. A year later in 2006 only 8 males were recorded. + += = = Pastel = = = +A pastel is an art color in the form of a stick. It is made of pure powdered pigment and a 'binder' which holds it together. Pastels have been used by artists since the Renaissance. +The pigments used in pastels are the same as those used to produce all kinds of colored art. The effect of pastels is closer to the natural dry pigments than that of any other process. Chalk may be added to the pastel to tone down the more vivd colors. +An artwork made using pastels is called a pastel, pastel drawing or pastel painting. As an adjective the word 'pastel' means pale in color. + += = = Holmes Osborne = = = +Holmes Osborne (born November 7, 1947) is an American actor, best known for starring in Richard Kelly's movies "Donnie Darko" (2001), "Southland Tales" (2007), and "The Box" (2009). He has also starred in "That Thing You Do!" (1996), "Affliction" (1997), "Bring It On" (2000), "Cheaper by the Dozen" (2003), and "Larry Crowne" (2011). +Career. +In 1996, Osborne played the father of Tom Everett Scott's character in the musical comedy-drama movie "That Thing You Do!". In 1999, he guest starred, along with Lance Henriksen (reprising his role as Frank Black), in an episode of "The X-Files" as a necromancer for the Millennium Group. In 2000, he starred as Kirsten Dunst's father in the teen comedy "Bring It On". +Osborne then starred as Eddie Darko, the main character's father, in the science fiction drama movie "Donnie Darko" (2001). He then appeared in the family comedy "Cheaper by the Dozen" (2003). The following year, he co-starred in the comedy movie "". In 2006, Osborne starred as the main villain in the Disney movie "Air Buddies". In 2007, he reunited with "Donnie Darko" director Richard Kelly on the dramedy thriller movie "Southland Tales", and again in 2009 on the psychological thriller movie "The Box". Also in 2009, he co-starred in the comedy movie "All About Steve". +In 2011, he has a supporting role in the Tom Hanks movie "Larry Crowne". He has made appearances on television series such as "House M. D.", "Cold Case", "", "Rules of Engagement", "Dharma & Greg", and had a recurring role on the ABC science fiction series "Invasion". + += = = Solicitor general = = = +A solicitor general is a specific job in common law places. Solicitors general in different countries may have different jobs or powers. Usually, the solicitor general is the government's lawyer. +In the United States, the solicitor general is the government's lawyer in Supreme Court cases. Congress created the job in the 1870s. About two thirds of the cases in the Supreme Court involve the government. The solicitor general does not always argue them personally. He or she can send an assistant or other government lawyer to do it. When the government loses a case in the lower court, the solicitor general decides whether or not to appeal it and make it a Supreme Court case. +In Australia, the solicitor general also acts as the government's lawyer and represents the country in international cases. + += = = Thousand Oaks shooting = = = +A mass shooting took place on November 7, 2018, in Thousand Oaks, California, at the Borderline Bar and Grill, a country-western dance club. Many college students would go to the bar. Thirteen people were killed, including a police officer and the shooter, while twenty-five were injured. +The attacker, identified as 28-year-old Ian David Long, was found dead inside the bar, having shot himself dead. +References. + += = = Francis Lai = = = +Francis Albert Lai (; 26 April 19327 November 2018) was a French composer, who worked mainly in movie scores. He was born in Nice, Alpes-Maritimes. He was known for his works in "A Man and a Woman", "Rider on the Rain" and "Love Story". For his work in "Love Story", Lai won the Academy Award for Best Original Score in 1971. +Lai died on 7 November 2018 in Paris at the age of 86. + += = = 2018 New Caledonian independence referendum = = = +An independence referendum was held in New Caledonia on 4 November 2018. Voters were given the choice of remaining part of France or becoming an independent country. +Announced in the evening of polling day, the result was 56.4% for against leaving and 43.6% for independence. The turnout was 80% of the 174,995 voters eligible to vote in this referendum. +A second one was held in 2020, with 53.26% of voters choosing against Independence. + += = = Toby Sheldon = = = +Tobias "Toby" Sheldon (born Tobias Strebel; October 3, 1980 – August 21, 2015) was a German songwriter who became a television reality star noted for having paid considerable amounts for plastic surgery (he himself estimated the total cost at over $100,000) in order to resemble singer Justin Bieber. He appeared on the television shows "Botched" on the E! network and "My Strange Addiction" on TLC. Some experts argued that Sheldon's obsession was a case of body dysmorphia. This topic was discussed in depth during his appearance alongside Justin Jedlica ("The Human Ken Doll") on the talk show "Bethenny". +On August 21, 2015 Sheldon was found dead in a room at a Motel 6 in the San Fernando Valley. Drugs were reportedly discovered at the scene. Sheldon was 34. He had last been seen in West Hollywood on August 18, 2015 and some reports have indicated that his disappearance may have been triggered by a break-up with his boyfriend. In July 2016, a coroner confirmed his death was triggered from multiple drug intoxication. + += = = Ted Budd = = = +Theodore Paul Budd (born October 21, 1971) is an American businessman and Republican politician. He is the junior United States Senator from North Carolina since 2023. In 2017, he was elected to the United States House of Representatives. +On April 28, 2021, Budd announced his candidacy for the 2022 United States Senate election in North Carolina to replace retiring Republican Senator Richard Burr. He won the Republican nomination in May 2022 and later defeated Cheri Beasley in the general election. + += = = Wallace Triplett = = = +Wallace Triplett (April 18, 1926 – November 8, 2018) was a professional American football player. He was born in La Mott, Pennsylvania. Triplett was the first African-American to be drafted by and play for a National Football League team. +For that reason, his portrait hangs in the Pro Football Hall of Fame in Canton, Ohio. He played for Detroit Lions and the Chicago Cardinals. +Triplett died on November 8, 2018 at the age of 92. + += = = Beverly LaHaye = = = +Beverly LaHaye (born April 30, 1929) is an American Christian conservative activist and author. She was born in Detroit, Michigan. LaHaye founded Concerned Women for America (CWA) in San Diego, California in 1979 and is the organization's current chair. +She was the wife of Tim LaHaye, the late evangelical Christian minister and prolific author of the "Left Behind" series. + += = = Gamma Tauri = = = +Gamma Tauri is a multiple star system located in the constellation Taurus. It is also called Prima Hyadum. Gamma Tauri A is a yellow giant star. Gamma Tauri A is 13.4 times larger than the Sun. + += = = Lega Nord = = = +The Lega Nord (English: "Northern League") is an Italian political party. In December 2013, Matteo Salvini was elected to be the leader of the party. +After the 2018 elections, Lega Nord formed a coalition with the Five Star Movement. +Since 2014, the party has been a member of the right-wing to far-right Movement for a Europe of Nations and Freedom group in the European Parliament. + += = = P Cygni = = = +P Cygni is a blue supergiant star located in the constellation Cygnus. It is 76 times larger than the Sun and 30 times more massive. P Cygni is a luminous blue variable (or LBV for short) star, maybe even the first one discovered. + += = = Northern League = = = +Northern League may refer to: + += = = Assiniboine River = = = +The Assiniboine River is a river in Manitoba, Canada. It meets the Red River of the North at Winnipeg. It starts in the United States and drains into Lake Winnipeg. + += = = Confederation Bridge = = = +The Confederation Bridge is a 2-lane bridge in Canada that connects the provinces of New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island. It is part of the Trans Canada Highway and is 12.9 kilometers long. +About. +The Confederation Bridge was built from October 1993 to May 1997 and cost $1.3 billion. The bridge was officially opened on May 31, 1997. +Tolling. +As of January 1, 2020, the toll for motorcycles is $19.25, $48.50 for two-axle cars, $4.50 for pedestrians, $9 for cyclist. Pedestrians and cyclist that cross the bridge are required to board a shuttle. + += = = Fidesz = = = +Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance (Hungarian: "Fidesz – Magyar Polgári Szövetség"; often shortened to Fidesz) is a nationalist political party in Hungary. +Fidesz is in an alliance with the Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP). The KDNP is often called a satellite party (meaning that it is strongly influenced by another party) of Fidesz. +Viktor Orbán has led the party continuously since 2003. +Fidesz has been the most popular party in Hungary since the 2010 elections. + += = = Sheree North = = = +Sheree North (born Dawn Shirley Crang; January 17, 1932 – November 4, 2005) was an American actress, dancer and singer. She was one of 20th Century Fox's intended people to succeed Marilyn Monroe. +North played a chorus girl in "Here Come the Girls" (1953). Next, she acted in the musical "Hazel Flagg". She won a Theater World Award for her acting in the Broadway musical. +From 1954 to 1958, North acted in movies made and distributed by Fox. After 1958 her career stalled. +In her later years, North acted in the 1959 television series "The Untouchables", "Gunsmoke" and "The Fugitive" (a 1960s TV series). +North was born in Los Angeles, California. She died of complications from cancer surgery. +Some sources say North was born in 1932. Others say she was born in 1933. + += = = Balikbayan box = = = + A balikbayan box (literally "repatriate box") is a corrugated box filled with items given by Filipinos overseas to their family back home. +Most of the time the box is sent to its destination by people who work as "freight forwarders" who know a lot about shipping balikbayan boxes by sea, the boxes can be brought by Filipinos returning to the Philippines on air flights. +History. +The balikbayan box was invented sometime in the 1980s, in the United States because there were a lot of overseas Filipino workers in the country. The first freight forwarder to give balikbayan box services was Rico Nunga who founded REN International in Los Angeles, California in 1981. +In 1982, Ramon Ungco, a Filipino living in New York City, founded Port Jersey Shipping International. Many people think these two companies are the “pioneers” of door-to-door delivery of balikbayan boxes, which back then they had to pay import duties when the boxes got into the Philippines. + On 30 June 1987, the President of the Philippines Corazon Aquino at that time, started Executive Order No. 206. This order changed Section 105 (f) and added a new subsection (f-1) to Republic Act No. 1937, which some people also know as the Tariff and Customs Code of the Philippines, which became law on 22 July 1957 by former president Carlos P. Garcia. +The now-changed Section 105 of the Tariff and Customs Code of the Philippines gives duty- and tax-free privileges to balikbayan boxes taken to the Philippines by overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) in recognition of the large impact of their contribution and sacrifices outside of the Philippines as well as bringing a lot of foreign exchange annually that helped the national recovery effort at that time. +This let tax-free entry of personal goods in the country from Filipinos overseas. People then started sending balikbayan boxes through friends and their co-workers who were going back to the Philippines. +After the September 11 attacks in the US and the passage of the Patriot Act by the US Congress, the United States Department of Homeland Security's Out-Bound Exam Team started searching balikbayan boxes. +It was so long and strict, the boxes arrived up to three weeks late at the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement inspection facility. +This made it take longer to get a box through, from 21 days to 30 plus days. The inspections also had balikbayan boxes opened, and people were angry about pilferage and mishandling. The Philippines Bureau of Customs also did 100% inspections which caused the deliveries to arrive really late. +The inspections had to happen because of some individuals who use balikbayan boxes to get commercial items through without paying taxes or smuggle contraband. Since balikbayan box shipping is consolidated, even one illegal item will affect all 400 or so items inside the container. The inspection was made better using high performance X-ray machines. +In 2012, these delays were made even worse since the City Of Manila decided to stop trucks from driving along the route to and from the Port of Manila, causing long delays in releasing and transporting not only balikbayan boxes but all cargoes, domestic and international. +Most balikbayan box companies, which are based in Parañaque City close to the airport, couldn’t operate because of the truck ban until it was settled. + The industry was scrutinized by the Philippine Senate in 2015 after lots of complaints were brought to the attention of the public through social media after the Philippine Customs Commissioner Albert Lina said that the inspectors would open the balikbayan boxes for inspection and would include more taxes. + This caused the passage of the Customs Modernization Act, which had been waiting to be passed for years, and also had the Balikbayan Box Law added into the act, increasing the tax-exemption ceiling from PHP 500 (US$9) to PHP 150,000 (US$2,938). This included items being brought home by Filipino tourists from trips abroad, "pasalubong" or gifts, and returning resident shipments. +To protect consumers, the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), using its Philippine Shipper's Bureau, does regular accreditation of international freight forwarders and tells consumers not to use the services of unaccredited and incredibly cheap shipping companies. + The Door to Door Consolidated Association of the Philippines, says there are 400,000 balikbayan boxes that get into the Philippines every month. +Description. +Balikbayan boxes may have things the sender thinks the recipient wants, regardless of whether the things can be bought in the Philippines, such as non-perishable food, toiletries, household items, electronics, toys, designer clothing, or things hard to find in the Philippines for cheap prices. A balikbayan box meant for airplanes is designed to follow to airline luggage restrictions and many Filipino stores sell them. Some boxes are sold with a cloth cover and side handles. Others are secured with lots of tape or rope, and so, the shippers don’t confuse it with an ordinary moving box that is lightly wrapped. The balikbayan boxes come in three standard sizes which are: +Shipped boxes are taken straight away to the recipient, usually the family of the overseas Filipino. +Cultural significance. +Part of the attraction of the balikbayan box is because it is important to the economy, which allows cheaper bulk shipment of items versus sending them one at a time or in smaller boxes through postal services. The bad thing though is it takes longer to reach it’s destination by container ship, which most of the time needs several weeks, along with there being no certain delivery date. The balikbayan box is a modern version of the general Philippine practice of "pasalubong", where travellers within or outside the country are culturally expected to bring home gifts to family, friends and colleagues. The balikbayan box gives connections between family inside the Philippines and those who are abroad, and give goods to the family within the Philippines. + += = = Asia Bibi blasphemy case = = = +Asia Bibi blasphemy case involves the conviction of a Pakistani Christian woman, Asia Noreen , for blasphemy by a Pakistani court. She was sentenced to death in 2010. However, she was acquitted by the Supreme Court in 2018. +Case background and Court verdict. +In June 2009, while harvesting berries from a field, Asia was seen drinking water from a communal cup by some village women of that area. It was considered offensive by the women due to her religion, and the cup was labelled "contaminated". This resulted in an argument between them, and the women accused her of blasphemy. +In 2010, a judge in Sheikhupura sentenced Asia to death, which was upheld by the Lahore High Court. Petitions were sent for her release, including one sent by Pope Francis. +Noreen's husband appealed to the high court. Salman Taseer, the Governor of Punjab, supported Noreen throughout and requested President Asif Ali Zardari to pardon her. +Due to this support, Taseer was killed by his guard Mumtaz Qadri. +Several appeals were made during this period and the High Court upheld the decision. In October 2014, Lahore High Court rejected her appeal. +In November 2014, her lawyer appealed to the Supreme Court. +On 31 October 2018, the Supreme Court panel chaired by Justice Saqib Nisar, acquitted Asia Bibi. Although the majority supported the decision, it resulted in protests by the Islamic parties, mainly Tehreek-e-Labaik. + += = = Geographical renaming = = = +Geographical renaming is when a place's name gets changed. +There can be several reasons for geographical renaming. +One such reason is countries joining together to form a new country. For example, after the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland joined together in 1701, they formed the United Kingdom. When Ireland joined in 1801, the unified country became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. +A second reason is a country splitting apart to form new ones. For example, after Czechoslovakia split in 1992, it became two new countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Also, after Ireland gained independence from Britain, the region of Northern Ireland stayed in the UK. Therefore, the country's name changed from United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to what it is today, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. +A third reason could be a new government replacing or overthrowing the old one. After the Communist Party took overthrew the Russian Empire's emperor, the Tsar, and changed the country's name to the Soviet Union, the city of Saint Petersburg also changed to Leningrad. This was because the Communist Party wanted to honor its leader, Vladimir Lenin, and symbolize the Soviet Union's turning away from Russia's system of absolute monarchy, the Tsardom, that ruled before they did, since Saint Petersburg was named after Peter the Great, who was the Tsar that founded the city. When the city of New Amsterdam, founded by Dutch colonists in North America, was lost to the British Empire, it was renamed New York City after the Duke of York. +A fourth reason could be changing a place's name to replace a name given by former colonizers with the name given by native people, and many more. For example, after India gained independence from Britain, they changed the name of the city Bombay to Mumbai. +A fifth reason could be the change of standard spelling rules in the local language. When Pinyin was made the official romanization, or writing Mandarin Chinese using the Roman alphabet, in mainland China after the Chinese Communist Party took over, the spellings of many Chinese place names changed, including Peking becoming Beijing and Nanking becoming Nanjing. Even though the pronunciations of Chinese place names in Mandarin Chinese were not any different before the changing of spelling, the older spellings did not accurately show their pronunciation. Therefore, the pronunciation of Chinese place names in other languages, or their exonyms, were based on their spelling rather than the Mandarin pronunciation, which is why they sound so different from each other. In order to teach people how to correctly pronounce Mandarin Chinese, the CCP made Hanyu Pinyin the only accepted romanization in mainland China. Even though Taiwan also speaks Mandarin, the spellings of Taiwanese place names, including Taipei and Kaohsiung, is according to the older spelling rules for Chinese place names. This is because many Taiwanese do not want to use Hanyu Pinyin, even though it is the standard romanization of Mandarin Chinese worldwide, because it was created by the Communist Party of China. + += = = FIFA 17 = = = +FIFA 17 is an soccer game made by EA Sports. + += = = Izard County, Arkansas = = = +Izard County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,577. The county seat is Melbourne. It was founded on October 27, 1825. + += = = DeWitt, Arkansas = = = +DeWitt is a city in the US state of Arkansas. It is one of two county seats for Arkansas County. + += = = Jackson County, Arkansas = = = +Jackson County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,755. The county seat is Newport. It was founded on November 5, 1829. + += = = Perry County = = = +Perry County is the name of ten counties in the United States: + += = = Perry County, Arkansas = = = +Perry County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,019. The county seat is Perryville. Perry County was founded on December 18, 1840, and named for Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry, naval hero in the War of 1812. + += = = Lake City, Arkansas = = = +Lake City is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Ferrero = = = +Ferrero is an Italian food company that produces chocolate and confectionery. It was founded in 1946 in Alba, Piedmont, Italy, by Pietro Ferrero. +Nutella is the brand name of chocolate-hazelnut spread. In addition to Nutella, Ferrero produces many other products, for example Ferrero Rocher, Pocket Coffee, Mon Chéri, Giotto, Confetteria Raffaello, Tic Tac and more. Kinder is the Famous product line, which includes Kinder Surprise, Fiesta Ferrero, Kinder Chocolate tiles, Kinder Happy Hippo, Kinder Maxi, Kinder Délice and Kinder Bueno. + += = = Cash, Arkansas = = = +Cash is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Lizard, Cornwall = = = +Lizard (often confused with the peninsula "The Lizard") is a village on the Lizard peninsula in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is about south of Helston, and is mainland Britain's most southerly settlement. Lizard is a tourist centre and its large village green is surrounded by cafes and gift shops. +The name comes from the Cornish "Lis" for 'place' and "Ard" for 'high'. The village is in the civil parish of Landewednack, the most southerly parish on the British mainland. + += = = CKY = = = +CKY (also known as Camp Kill Yourself) is an American band formed in 1998. In 2002, they were signed to The Island Def Jam Music Group and released Infiltrate•Destroy•Rebuild, which entered the Billboard 200 at number 99. + += = = John Hodge (engineer) = = = +John Dennis Hodge (10 February 1929 – 19 May 2021) was a British-born aerospace engineer. He worked for the CF-105 Avro Arrow jet interceptor project in Canada. +In 1959, he became a member of NASA's Space Task Group, which later became the Johnson Space Center. During his NASA career, he worked as a flight director and planner. +When he returned to NASA in the 1980s, he worked as a manager on the Space Station Freedom project, which later became the International Space Station. He also was an administrator at the United States Department of Transportation. +Hodge died on 19 May 2021 in Herndon, Virginia, aged 92. + += = = Crystal Reed = = = +Crystal Marie Reed (born February 6, 1985) is an American actress, best known for playing Allison Argent on the "Teen Wolf" television series. + += = = Roseville, Michigan = = = +Roseville is a city in Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is a part of the Metro Detroit area. The population was 47,710 at the 2020 census. + += = = Thomasville, Georgia = = = +Thomasville is the county seat of Thomas County, Georgia, United States. The city is the second largest in southwest Georgia after Albany. The population was 18,881 at the 2020 United States Census. + += = = Matthew Whitaker = = = +Matthew George Whitaker (born October 29, 1969) is an American lawyer and politician. He was the Acting United States Attorney General from November 7, 2018 until February 14, 2019. He was appointed by President Donald Trump after Jeff Sessions resigned at Trump's request. +Whitaker was a U.S. Attorney during the Bush Administration and was Chief of Staff to Sessions from September 2017 to November 2018. + += = = Erin Richards = = = +Erin Richards (born 17 May 1986) is a Welsh actress. She was born in Penarth, Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. She is best known for playing Molly Hughes in the television series "Breaking In" and Barbara Kean in the television series "Gotham". + += = = Zabryna Guevara = = = +Zabryna Guevara (born January 12, 1972) is an American television and theater actress. She is known for playing the role of Melania Ortiz in "3 lbs" and Sarah Essen in "Gotham". She is also known for her stage role as Yazmin in "Water by the Spoonful", an award-winning play by Quiara Alegría Hudes, at the Second Stage Theater in New York City. + += = = Victoria Cartagena = = = +Victoria Luz Cartagena is an American actress. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Cartagena is known for her role as Zoe Lopez in "The Bedford Diaries" and as Renee Montoya in "Gotham". + += = = Tetsugen Bernard Glassman = = = +Bernard "Bernie" Glassman (January 18, 1939 – November 4, 2018) was an American Zen Buddhist roshi. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. Glassman was the founder of the Zen Peacemakers. In 1996, he co-founded the Zen Peacemaker Order with his wife Sandra Jishu Holmes. +Glassman was a Dharma successor of the late Taizan Maezumi-roshi, and gave inka and Dharma transmission to several people. Glassman was known as a leading figure of social enterprise, socially engaged Buddhism and "Bearing Witness Retreats" at Auschwitz and on the streets. +Glassman died on November 4, 2018 from complications of a stroke in Springfield, Massachusetts at the age of 79. + += = = Chinese place names = = = +Chinese place names are the names of places in China. Since the Chinese language has not had any sort of phonetic alphabet until only about a few hundred years ago (compared to the thousands of years the Chinese characters have been used), there has been a lot of confusion on naming places in Chinese. Since Chinese characters are a logographic writing system, meaning that the writing mainly shows the words' meaning rather than its pronunciation, it can be used to write down words in many different languages. On top of all this, the Chinese language is not one unified language, but an entire branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Many of the Chinese languages or dialects are mutually unintelligible, which means a speaker of one language or dialect cannot understand a speaker of another unless one of them already knew the other's language or dialect. For example, Mandarin and Cantonese are both dialects of Chinese, but they are so different from each other than their speakers cannot understand the other unless at least one speaker knew both. Therefore, knowing which spoken dialect to use when writing out the name in the Roman alphabet, which is a phonetic writing system and not a logographic one, can be challenging. For example, while the name of the city is written as �� in Chinese, it is called "Běijīng" in Mandarin and "Bak1 Ging1" in Cantonese. +In mainland China, most place names are in Mandarin Chinese, the country's official spoken language. Even though the sounds of Mandarin Chinese have not changed for a long time, there were many different ways to write Chinese place names in Mandarin using the Roman alphabet, or many different kinds of romanizations. This created a lot of confusion and misinformation for non-Chinese speakers on what to call Chinese place names. For example, Beijing was spelled Peking, Nanjing was called Nanking, Tianjin was spelled Tiantsin, and Qingdao was spelled Tsingtao. These many spelling systems caused confusion among non-Chinese speakers and therefore whatever name speakers of other languages called place names ended up sounding very different from Mandarin Chinese. In order to teach people how to correctly pronounce Mandarin Chinese, to mainland Chinese and non-Chinese alike, the Chinese Communist Party made Hanyu Pinyin the only accepted romanization in official use and banned all other romanizations in official use in mainland China. Peking became Beijing, Nanking became Nanjing, Tiantsin became Tianjin, and Tsingtao became Qingdao. While the pronunciation of these place names stayed the same in Mandarin, it allowed non-Chinese speakers, especially English speakers, to say Chinese place names much more accurately to their Mandarin pronunciations. +However, in the autonomous regions, places in China where certain minority groups make up a large part of the region's population, many place names changed back from Chinese to the local languages in order to represent the local languages. For example, the city of Dihua (��) was changed back to Urumqi, which is the name of the city in the local Uyghur language, after the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region was formed. +In Taiwan, where Mandarin Chinese is also the official language, the spelling of place names tends to be inconsistent. The names of Taiwanese cities are usually in Chinese postal romanization. This is why the cities are spelled Taipei, Kaohsiung, and Taichung instead of Taibei, Gaoxiong, and Taizhong, which is how they would be spelled in Hanyu Pinyin. This is the case because many Taiwanese dislike using Hanyu Pinyin (even though it is the standard romanization of Mandarin Chinese worldwide) because it was created by the Chinese Communist Party, which many Taiwanese do not like. While within northern Taiwanese cities most names of streets, districts, and subway stops are in Hanyu Pinyin (since Hanyu Pinyin is generally more accepted in the north), cities in southern Taiwan use many different spelling systems simply to resist using Hanyu Pinyin. In several cases, the exact same street can be spelled several different ways. For example, in Banqiao, Xinzhan Road (���) is spelled "Shinjann Rd." on one section and "Sin Jhan Rd." on another. + += = = François N. Macerola = = = +François N. Macerola (January 31, 1942 – November 8, 2018) was a Canadian lawyer and movie executive. He was born in Montreal, Quebec. Macerola worked for the National Film Board of Canada and Telefilm Canada. His career began in 1976. +Macerola dealt with the controversy surrounding the 1982 docudrama "The Kid Who Couldn't Miss", about the life of fighter pilot Billy Bishop because the movie poorly depicted his life with accuracy. +Macerola died on the morning of November 8, 2018 in Montreal at the age of 76. + += = = Irene Cara = = = +Irene Cara Escalara (March 18, 1959 – November 25, 2022) was an American singer-songwriter, actress and dancer. She co-wrote the song "Flashdance... What a Feeling" from the movie "Flashdance". She won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for the song. For that same song, she also won a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. +Cara played Coco Hernandez in the 1980 movie "Fame" and recorded the song of the same name. Before that, she played Sparkle Williams in the 1976 musical-drama movie "Sparkle". +In 1982 Cara earned an Image Award for Best Actress when she co-starred in NBC's Movie of the Week, "Sister, Sister". +Cara was born in The Bronx, New York City, New York. +Cara died November 25, 2022, at her home in Largo, Florida. She was 63 years old. + += = = Richard Paul Conaboy = = = +Richard Paul Conaboy (June 12, 1925 – November 9, 2018) was an American judge. He was a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania from 1979 to 1992. He was appointed by President Jimmy Carter. From 1989 to 1992, he was Chief Judge of the court. He was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania. +Conaboy died on November 9, 2018 at a hospital in Scranton from a heart attack at the age of 93. + += = = Manuel Real = = = +Manuel Lawrence Real (January 27, 1924 – June 26, 2019) was a Senior United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California. He was appointed in 1966 by President Lyndon B. Johnson. He was the last remaining federal judge in active service appointed by Johnson. +He was the longest-serving active federal judge until his retirement in 2018. +Real died on June 26, 2019 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 95. + += = = Jack B. Weinstein = = = +Jack Bertrand Weinstein (August 10, 1921 – June 15, 2021) was an American Senior District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York. He was on the court from 1967 to 1993 after being appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson. From 1980 to 1988, he was Chief Judge. Weinstein was born in Wichita, Kansas. +Weinstein died on June 15, 2021 in Great Neck, New York at the age of 99. + += = = Alfred Goodwin = = = +Alfred Theodore Goodwin (born June 29, 1923) is an American judge. He is the Senior Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. He was a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Oregon. Goodwin was born in Bellingham, Washington. Goodwin was in the Ninth Circuit from 1971 to 1991 after being nominated by President Richard Nixon. + += = = William Joseph Nealon Jr. = = = +William Joseph Nealon Jr. (July 31, 1923 – August 30, 2018) was an American jurist. He was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania. +Nealon Jr. was United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania. He was the last judicial appointee from the Kennedy administration. He was on the court from 1962 to 1989. +Nealon Jr. was the longest-serving current federal judge at his death. On August 28, 2018, he became the longest serving federal district judge in history, two days before his death. +Nealon Jr. died in Scranton on August 30, 2018 from pneumonia at the age of 95. + += = = Dana G. Mead = = = +Dana George Mead (February 22, 1936 – October 31, 2018) was an American businessman and corporate director. He was born in Cresco, Iowa. Mead was chairman emeritus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Foundation's board of trustees, where he was chairman from 2003 through 2010. +Mead died in Boston, Massachusetts on October 31, 2018 at the age of 82. + += = = Phyllis George = = = +Phyllis Ann George (June 25, 1949 – May 14, 2020) was an American businesswoman, former sportscaster and former Miss America. She was Miss America 1971. From 1979 to 1983 she was the First Lady of the U.S. state of Kentucky. +In August 1971, George traveled to Vietnam with several other contestants from the Miss America 1971 pageant. George and the other contestants participated in a 22-day United Service Organizations tour for American troops there. +In 1985, CBS chose George to be the permanent presenter for its morning news program, "CBS Morning News". She interviewed a number of news makers, including then-First Lady Nancy Reagan. +In 2003, George created the company Phyllis George Beauty. The company markets a line of cosmetics and skincare products through the television network the Home Shopping Network. She appeared in the comedy movie "Meet the Fockers". +George was born in Denton, Texas. She died of problems caused by a blood cancer in Lexington, Kentucky on May 14, 2020 at the age of 70. + += = = Jameed = = = +Jameed (, literally "hardened") is a form of dried yoghurt made made from goat's milk or sheep's milk. It is made by draining thick yoghurt of its whey, shaping it into balls, and letting it harden. Drying prevents spoilage. +Jameed is eaten in Jordan, especially in Bedouin cooking. It is also common among the Bedouin in Palestine , Egypt, and even Syria. It is also customary to add to a sauces or soups. + += = = Jefferson County, Arkansas = = = +Jefferson County is a county in the Arkansas Delta of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 67,260. Its county seat and largest city is Pine Bluff. Jefferson County was founded on November 2, 1829, and named for Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States (1801–1809). + += = = DeValls Bluff, Arkansas = = = +DeValls Bluff is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Little River County, Arkansas = = = +Little River County is a county located on the southwest border of the U.S. state of Arkansas, bordering a corner with Texas and Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,026. The county seat is Ashdown. The county was founded on March 5, 1867, and named for the Little River. + += = = Lewisville, Arkansas = = = +Lewisville is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Johnson County, Arkansas = = = +Johnson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,749. The county seat is Clarksville. Johnson County was founded on November 16, 1833 and named for Benjamin Johnson, a Territorial Judge. + += = = Lamar, Arkansas = = = +Lamar is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Lafayette County, Arkansas = = = +Lafayette County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,308, The county seat is Lewisville. It was founded on October 15, 1827. + += = = Jasper, Arkansas = = = +Jasper is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Mount Ida, Arkansas = = = +Mount Ida is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Logan County, Arkansas = = = +Logan County (formerly Sarber County) is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,131. The county seats are Booneville and Paris. It was founded on March 22, 1871. + += = = Huntsville, Arkansas = = = +Huntsville is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Harrisburg, Arkansas = = = +Harrisburg is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Lawrence County, Arkansas = = = +Lawrence County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,216. The county seat is Walnut Ridge. It was founded on January 15, 1815. + += = = Alpha Crucis = = = +Acrux, also known as Alpha Crucis is a star system in the Crux constellation. All stars are blue and hot. The stars are called Alpha Crucis A, Alpha Crucis B, and HR 4729. Alpha Crucis A is 25,000 times brighter than the Sun. Alpha Crucis B is 16,000 times brighter than the Sun. + += = = HR 4729 = = = +HR 4729 is a hot blue star located in the Crux constellation. Many think it might be orbiting Alpha Crucis. The star is 5.5 times more big than the Sun. + += = = Planet Nine = = = +Planet Nine may mean: + += = = Hudson's Bay Company = = = +The Hudson's Bay Company (HBC; ) is a Canadian retail business group. A fur trading business for much of its existence, HBC now owns and operates retail stores in Canada, the United States and parts of Europe, including Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany. + += = = Microsoft Plus! = = = +Microsoft Plus! is a discontinued commercial operating system improvement product by Microsoft. The last edition is the Plus! SuperPack, which includes a variety of screensavers, themes, and games, as well as multimedia applications. The Microsoft Plus! product was first announced on January 31, 1994 under the internal codename "Frosting". The first version was +an upgrade for Windows 95, Windows 95 Plus! +The features that make up Microsoft Plus! were generally developed by Microsoft itself. The Plus! packs also included games and software from third-party companies; for example, in Plus! for Windows XP, the "HyperBowl" game developed by Hyper Entertainment Inc. was included. Plus! features that enhance the base operating system or provide utility are generally included free of charge in the next release of Windows. +Microsoft Plus! was discontinued in favor of Windows Ultimate Extras in Windows Vista. + += = = ʻOumuamua = = = +ʻOumuamua () is an object from another star system that visited our solar system. Its official name is 1I/2017 U1. +ʻOumuamua is the first interstellar object that we know has passed through our solar system. Oumuamua was first discovered on 19 October 2017 using the Pan-STARRS1 telescope at the Haleakala Observatory in Hawaii. +Its appearance is long and narrow, and it had a dark red color, similar to objects in the outer Solar System. + += = = Chukotka Autonomous Okrug = = = +The Chukotka Autonomous Okrug is the farthest east of all 85 federal subjects of Russia. It is located in the Asian part of Russia. It is grouped and governed as part of the Far Eastern District. The Far Eastern District contains ten other federal subjects too. Chukotka also shares an international sea border with Alaska of the United States. +History. +In ancient times, the present area of Chukotka was joined with North America by a land bridge known as Beringia. It was believed that humans first migrated to the Americas using this route. Later, the area was home to the Chukchi people and other natives. Some of these natives are related to the Inuit. By the 17th century, the Russians first arrive to gain control of the natives. At first, not much attention was given to the remote land of Chukotka. But its natural resources and the ability to use the area to attack land further away was soon discovered. The Russians then made multiple attempts to bring the natives under their control by force. However, these attempts failed. The Russians finally made peace with the Chukchis in 1778. Through the 19th and 20th centuries, other foreign powers also attempted to claim the land and resources in the region. They were instead driven away by the Russians. The Russians were increasingly worried about their presence. During the Soviet Union, the natives were brought under state's control and made to resettle. Multiple gulags were also built in the area. Tin and much later gold was mined from the area after the start of World War II. The tin and gold were used to supply the war efforts. In 1991, at the collapse of the Soviet Union, Chukotka declared its separation to become a subject of Russia. It continues to remain as an autonomous okrug till today. +Geography. +Chukotka is the eastern most point of Russia and mainland Asia. It is separated from Alaska, United States, by the Bering Strait and the International Date Line. Chukotka is found in the north-eastern part of Siberia. Because of this it has a polar tundra climate, which have long, cold winters, and short, mild summers. There is not a lot of rainfall in the area because of the climate. The ground is mostly frozen as well. The landscape is mostly barren, with limited animals and plants. The area however is rich in minerals. The Wrangel Island found north of Chukotka is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. +Demographics. +Chukotka's population has been decreasing since the end of the Soviet Union according to data. About 65% of the population live in cities and towns. Ethnic Chukchis compose of roughly a third of the population. Russians make up about half the population. People of other local ethnicity make up the rest of the population. Most Chukchis either practice Shamanism, which is a belief that worships spirits and nature, or Orthodox Christianity. Russian is taught and used commonly in Chukotka. The Chukchi language usage is decreasing and is used mostly at home. There are currently attempts to make it popular again. +Economy. +The economy of Chukotka is mostly reliant on mining of minerals, like coal, gold, natural gas and oil. Most of Chukotka's population take jobs under big companies that are involve in mining. The rest of the rural population continue to practice reindeer herding, whale hunting, and fishing. The growing of crops and rearing of animals are mostly not possible because of the climate. Besides that, sea trade via the Northern Sea Route is expected to improve the economy. This sea route is expected to become ready in the future. +Politics. +The Governor of Chukotka is the leader of the okrug. The Governor is chosen by public vote every five years. The Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, is the okrug's parliament. The Duma members of parliament are chosen similarly by the public every five years. There are now 15 members of parliament. The majority of these lawmakers in the Duma are currently from the United Russia party. The United Russia part is the ruling party of Russia. Roman Abramovich, a former governor of Chukotka, is famous for being the owner of Chelsea Football Club. He has donated more than US$2.5 billion to build schools, hospitals and buildings in Chukotka. +Transportation. +Chukotka does not have railroads or many roads, making travel difficult. Most long-distance travel is by sea or air. The okrug has several airports, such as the Ugolny Airport. However, there are no international flights. Special permits are needed to enter Chukotka because the area is along an international border. + += = = Hartman, Arkansas = = = +Hartman is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Lee County, Arkansas = = = +Lee County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,600. The county seat is Marianna. It was founded on April 17, 1873. + += = = Luca Santolini = = = +Luca Santolini (born 22 February 1985) is a Sammarinese politician. He was one of the Captains Regent, serving with Mirko Tomassoni. He took office on 1 October 2018. + += = = Stefano Palmieri = = = +Stefano Palmieri (born 18 September 1964) is a Sammarinese politician, who served as a Captain Regent of San Marino together with Matteo Ciacci since 1 April 2018 until 1 October 2018. He had previously served in the same position for the semester from 1 October 2009 until 1 April 2010, alongside Francesco Mussoni. + += = = Coal Hill, Arkansas = = = +Coal Hill is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Cammack Village, Arkansas = = = +Cammack Village is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Hensley, Arkansas = = = +Hensley is a census-designated place (CDP) in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Ratcliff, Arkansas = = = +Ratcliff is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Lincoln County, Arkansas = = = +Lincoln County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,941. The county seat is Star City. Lincoln County was founded on March 28, 1871, and named for Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States. + += = = Battle Ground, Indiana = = = +Battle Ground is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States. + += = = Joel Barcellos = = = +Joel Barcellos (November 27, 1936 – November 10, 2018) was a Brazilian actor. He appeared in 53 movies and television shows between 1955 and 1997. He starred in the 1974 movie "", which was entered into the 24th Berlin International Film Festival. He was born in Espírito Santo, Brazil. +Barcellos died on November 10, 2018 in Rio das Ostras, Brazil from a stroke, aged 81. + += = = Lonoke County, Arkansas = = = +Lonoke County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 74,015. The county seat is Lonoke. It was founded on April 16, 1873. + += = = Saint-Hippolyte, Haut-Rhin = = = +Saint-Hippolyte is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of east France. + += = = LaGrange, Arkansas = = = +LaGrange is a town in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Post, Texas = = = +Post is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Garza County. + += = = Madison County, Arkansas = = = +Madison County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,521. The county seat is Huntsville. The county was founded on September 30, 1836, and named for James Madison, 4th President of the United States (1809–1817). +Madison County is in the Northwest Arkansas region. + += = = Denner = = = +Denner is a discount supermarket chain in Switzerland. It is Switzerland's third largest supermarket chain after Migros and Coop. + += = = Perrytown, Arkansas = = = +Perrytown is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Thank U, Next (song) = = = +"Thank U, Next" is a song recorded by American singer and actress Ariana Grande, from her fifth studio album "Thank U, Next". +The song was released on November 2, 2018. Grande co-wrote the song with Victoria McCants, Tayla Parx, Tommy Brown, Charles Anderson, and Michael Foster, while the last three produced the song. The song was released after Grande broke off her engagement to comedian Pete Davidson, who is known for starring on "Saturday Night Live". Its lyrics talk about some of her exes (such as rappers Big Sean and Mac Miller) and why the relationships ended. Grande thanks them for helping her grow as a person throughout the song. +The song topped the Irish and UK Singles Chart and entered the "Billboard" Hot 100 at number one, giving Grande her first US chart-topper. "thank u, next" is the first song by a female to debut at number one in the US since Adele with "Hello" in 2015. + += = = Roger Hoy = = = +Roger Ernest Hoy (6 December 1946 – 9 November 2018) was an English professional footballer. He was born in Poplar, London. He played as a defender. +Hoy made a total of 112 appearances in the Football League for Tottenham Hotspur, Crystal Palace, Luton Town and Cardiff City before moving into non-league football with Dagenham. +Hoy died on 9 November 2018 at the age of 71. + += = = Raffaele Baldassarre = = = +Raffaele Baldassarre (23 September 1956 – 10 November 2018) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the European Parliament from 2009 to 2014. He was a member of the European People's Party. He was born in Lecce, Italy. +Baldassarre died in a hospital in Rome from a heart attack on 10 November 2018 at the age of 62. + += = = Ron Johnson (running back) = = = +Ronald Adolphis Johnson (October 17, 1947 – November 10, 2018) was an American football running back. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. Johnson played college football at the halfback position for the University of Michigan from 1966 to 1968. +Johnson played for the Cleveland Browns in 1969 and for the New York Giants from 1970 to 1975. +Johnson died on November 10, 2018 in Madison, New Jersey from complications of Alzheimer's disease at the age of 71. + += = = Madison, New Jersey = = = +Madison is a borough in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 16,937. It is known as "The Rose City" and was named in honor of President James Madison. + += = = Citgo = = = +The Citgo Petroleum Corporation (or simply Citgo) is a United States-based refiner, marketer and transporter of transportation fuels, petro-chemicals, lubricants and other industrial products. +Citgo started as the Cities Service Oil Company in 1910. In the 1980s PDVSA, the Venezuelan oil company, bought the company. Before 2006, 7-Eleven convenience stores had a 20-year contract with Citgo. That came to an end in autumn 2006. +The name "Citgo" (stylized as CITGO) was first used during the early-to-mid 1960s. +Political donations. +According to filings with the United States' Federal Election Commission, Citgo gave US$500,000 towards the Presidential inauguration of Donald Trump. +Headquarters. +Citgo has its headquarters in the Energy Corridor of Houston, Texas. Before 2004, Citgo was headquartered in Tulsa, Oklahoma. + += = = Liz J. Patterson = = = +Elizabeth Johnston Patterson (November 18, 1939 – November 10, 2018) was an American politician. She was born in Columbia, South Carolina. She was a member of the Democratic Party. Patterson was a member of the United States House of Representatives from South Carolina's 4th congressional district. +Patterson died from a long-illness on November 10, 2018 in Greenville, South Carolina at the age of 78. + += = = Remember (2015 movie) = = = +Remember is a Canadian-German 2015 drama-thriller movie directed by Atom Egoyan and written by Benjamin August. It stars Christopher Plummer, Bruno Ganz, Jürgen Prochnow, Heinz Lieven, Dean Norris and Martin Landau. The plot follows an elderly Holocaust survivor with dementia who sets out to kill a Nazi war criminal. +It was released on October 23, 2015 in Canada and on December 31, 2015 in Germany. The movie received positive reviews as they liked Plummer's performance. + += = = Ananth Kumar = = = +Ananth Kumar (22 July 1959 – 12 November 2018) was an Indian politician. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. From 1996 until his death, he had represented the Bengaluru South constituency in the Lok Sabha. He was born in Bengaluru, Mysore State (now Karnataka). +Kumar was in charge of two key ministries until his death: Union Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers beginning in May 2014 and as Minister of Parliamentary Affairs beginning in July 2016 in the Narendra Modi government. +Kumar died of lung cancer on 12 November 2018 in Bengaluru at the age of 59. + += = = Joe Perry (musician) = = = +Joseph Anthony Pereira (born September 10, 1950) is an American guitarist and singer-songwriter. He is known as a member of the American rock band Aerosmith. + += = = Joey Kramer = = = +Joseph Michael Kramer (born June 21, 1950) is an American rock drummer, songwriter and businessman. He is known as a member of the hard rock band Aerosmith. He was born in The Bronx, New York. + += = = Tom Hamilton = = = +Thomas William Hamilton (born December 31, 1951) is an American songwriter and rock musician. He is best known as the bassist for the hard rock bands Aerosmith and Thin Lizzy. He has regularly co-written songs for Aerosmith, including two of the band's biggest hits: "Sweet Emotion" (1975) and "Janie's Got a Gun" (1989). + += = = Brad Whitford = = = +Bradley Ernest Whitford (born February 23, 1952) is an American rock musician. He is best known as the rhythm and co-lead guitarist for the hard rock band Aerosmith. He has also worked as a songwriter for the group, writing songs including "Last Child". + += = = Joseph L. Galloway = = = +Joseph Lee Galloway (November 13, 1941 – August 18, 2021) was an American newspaper correspondent and columnist. He worked as a special consultant for the Vietnam War 50th anniversary Commemoration project run out of the Office of the Secretary of Defense and has also served as consultant to Ken Burns' production of a documentary history of the Vietnam War. +He was also the former Military Affairs consultant for the Knight-Ridder chain of newspapers and was a columnist with McClatchy Newspapers. +Galloway died on August 18, 2021 in Concord, North Carolina at the age of 79. + += = = Refugio, Texas = = = +Refugio ( ) is a town in Refugio County, Texas, United States. The population was 2,712 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Refugio County. + += = = Milford, Nebraska = = = +Milford is a city in Seward County, Nebraska, United States. It is part of the Lincoln, Nebraska Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 2,155 at the 2020 census. Milford was platted in 1866. + += = = Science tourism = = = +Science tourism is a travel topic grouping scientific attractions. It covers interests in visiting and exploring scientific landmarks, including museums, laboratories, observatories and universities. +Access. +Many of the listed laboratories have ongoing scientific research, and may not be open to the general public, although they may offer occasional special public access opportunities. Observatories are usually open to the public and have tours showcasing their astronomical research. +Laboratories. +Europe. +Many European countries participate on the European Organization for Nuclear Research, which has his laboratories including the famous Large Hadron Collider on the French/Swiss border. Plus the bigger European countries like France, Germany, Italy and UK operate national laboratories. Most laboratories have open days for public visits. +North America. +DOE Laboratories. +In the United States of America overseen by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) the Office of science operates ten national laboratories. In total there are 17 national laboratories funded by the DOE. Most of the sites hold open houses where the public can come in for free and see how American tax dollars are invested in research. This used to include nuclear facilities, but those have been restricted since 9/11. +Observatories. +South America. +While the headquarters of the European Southern Observatory are in Garching near Munich, Germany the observatories are in northern Chile. +Universities. +The most prestigious universities generally attract excellent scientists and have fine science programs. University campuses are usually open to the public, though permission from guards is sometimes required, and there may be some café or cafeteria or mensa or restaurant or even a university shop on site. Universities usually offer public lectures about ongoing research. Otherwise, their seminars and buildings are reserved for the students and the working faculty including post-doctoral researchers or professors. On weekends or holidays, many universities require special permits to enter. Universities compete on a worldwide basis; hence, they are not ordered by geographical position or alphabetized. Below is a list of the 20 highest-ranked universities according to 2013/2014 QS world university ranking (of course rankings may differ according to year and specific subject). + += = = Richard Ojeda = = = +Richard Neece Ojeda II (; born September 25, 1970) is an American politician and retired U.S. Army officer. He was the West Virginia State Senator from the 7th district from 2016 to 2019. He is a member of the Democratic Party. +Career. +Ojeda was the Democratic nominee for the U.S. House of Representatives in West Virginia's 3rd congressional district in the 2018 election, but lost that election to Republican Carol Miller. +On November 12, 2018, Ojeda announced his candidacy for President of the United States in the 2020 election. Ojeda was the second office-holding Democrat to announce a campaign for the 2020 U.S. presidential election, the first being Maryland Rep. John Delaney. As no current state legislator has ever made a serious bid for the presidency, Ojeda was considered a "longshot" and "underdog" candidate. On January 26, 2019, Ojeda withdrew from the election. +On January 13, 2020, Ojeda announced his campaign for the United States Senate, challenging incumbent Shelley Moore Capito. However, he lost the nomination to progressive Paula Jean Swearengin. + += = = Richard Le Hir = = = +Richard Le Hir (July 9, 1947 – November 4, 2018) was a French-born Canadian politician and lawyer. He was born in Versailles, France, but was raised in Montreal, Quebec. He represented Iberville in the National Assembly of Quebec from 1994 to 1998. He was a member of the Parti Québécois. +Le Hir died in Montreal at the age of 71 from complications of a stroke on November 4, 2018. + += = = Secondary palate = = = +The secondary palate is an anatomical structure that separates the nasal cavity from the mouth. It allows you to breathe and chew at the same time. It is bony. It can be called the roof of the mouth. The development begins during pregnancy, in the embryonic state. + += = = Hazen, Arkansas = = = +Hazen is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Marion County, Arkansas = = = +Marion County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,826. The county seat is Yellville. Marion County was founded on September 25, 1836. It was named for General Francis Marion, the famous "Swamp Fox" of the Revolutionary War. + += = = Eleni Kounalakis = = = +Eleni Tsakopoulos Kounalakis (born 1966) is an American politician, diplomat and businesswoman. Since 2019, she has been the 50th lieutenant governor of California under Governor Gavin Newsom. Before becoming lieutenant governor, she was the United States ambassador to Hungary from 2010 to 2013 under President Barack Obama. +On April 24, 2017, Kounalakis announced her bid for the office of lieutenant governor in the 2018 election and came in first place in the June 2018 primary election, followed closely by State Senator Ed Hernandez. Kounalakis was elected as Lieutenant Governor alongside Gavin Newsom as governor on November 6, 2018. + += = = Lou Leon Guerrero = = = +Lourdes Aflague "Lou" Leon Guerrero (born November 8, 1950) is a Guamanian businesswoman, politician, and former nurse. Leon Guerrero is the 9th and current Governor of Guam. She is a member of the Democratic Party. +She is the Chairwoman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and President of the Bank of Guam and BankGuam Holding Company. Leon Guerrero has worked as a nurse and was a senator in the Legislature of Guam. Leon Guerrero was elected Governor in the 2018 Guam elections. + += = = Bob Marshall (Virginia politician) = = = +Robert Gerald Marshall (born May 3, 1944) is an American businessman, author and politician. He was a Republican member of the Virginia House of Delegates who represented the 13th District. +He is best known for his failed "bathroom bill" proposal, which would have forced people to use restrooms that correspond with the gender on their original birth certificates. +In the November 7, 2017, general election, Marshall lost by nine percentage points by Democrat Danica Roem, the first openly transgender candidate elected to a state legislature in the United States. +In 2008, Marshall ran for the United States Senate. On May 31, 2008, Marshall finished second to Jim Gilmore by 66 votes out of over 10,000 cast. In January 2012, Marshall announced his candidacy for the U.S. Senate. He lost in the Republican June primary to George Allen, winning only 7 percent of the vote. + += = = Takoma Park, Maryland = = = +Takoma Park is a city in Montgomery County, Maryland. It is a suburb of Washington, D.C.. The city's population was 17,629 at the 2020 national census. + += = = Beck Bennett = = = +Beck Bennett (born October 1, 1984) is an American actor, writer, and comedian. He is a former cast member of "Saturday Night Live", joining in 2013, and leaving in 2021. +Before his work on "SNL," he was known for the AT&T "It's Not Complicated" commercials where he interviewed kids. + += = = Kyle Mooney = = = +Kyle James Kozub Mooney (born September 4, 1984) is an American comedian, actor, and writer. He has been a cast member of "Saturday Night Live" from 2013 until 2022. His man-on-the-street interviews have been featured on "Jimmy Kimmel Live!" and "Sports Show with Norm Macdonald". + += = = Breathin = = = +"Breathin" is a song by American singer and actress Ariana Grande. It is the third single from her fourth studio album, "Sweetener". It was released on September 20, 2018. Grande co-wrote the song with Max Martin, Ilya, and Savan Kotecha. +The song is about experiencing anxiety and panic attacks and that one just needs to breathe through the process. +It has performed moderately on worldwide charts. + += = = David Pearson = = = +David Gene Pearson (December 22, 1934 – November 12, 2018) was an American stock car racer. He was born in Spartanburg, South Carolina. He began his NASCAR career in 1960 and won the 1960 NASCAR Rookie of the Year award. +Pearson won three championships (1966, 1968, and 1969) in NASCAR's Grand National Series (now Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series). In 2011, he was added to the NASCAR Hall of Fame. +Pearson died on November 12, 2018 in Spartanburg at the age of 83. + += = = Hartsville, South Carolina = = = +Hartsville is the largest city in Darlington County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 7,446 at the 2020 census. Hartsville was chosen as an All-America City in 1996 and again in 2016. + += = = Hilton Head Island, South Carolina = = = +Hilton Head Island, sometimes called Hilton Head, is a Lowcountry resort town and barrier island in Beaufort County, South Carolina, United States. +It is northeast of Savannah, Georgia, and southwest of Charleston. +The year-round population was 37,661 at the 2020 census. + += = = Aidy Bryant = = = +Aidan Mackenzy Bryant (born May 7, 1987) is an American actress and comedian. She is best known as a cast member on the late-night variety series "Saturday Night Live" (2012-2022). For her work on the series, she has been nominated for two Primetime Emmy Awards. Her other work includes a voice role in the animated series Danger & Eggs (2017) and a starring role in the sitcom Shrill (2019–2021); for the latter, she also served as writer and executive producer and was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series. + += = = Fred Armisen = = = +Fereydun Robert Armisen (born December 4, 1966) is an American actor, comedian, musician, producer and writer. He is best known as a cast member on "Saturday Night Live" from 2002 until 2013. +He is also known for his movie roles in "EuroTrip", "", and "Cop Out". Armisen is also known for his works in IFC sketch comedy series "Portlandia". +For his work on "Portlandia", Armisen was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Variety Series in 2012, 2013 and 2014 and for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series in 2014. +He has also won two Peabody Awards, one in 2008 as part of the "Saturday Night Live" political satire cast and one in 2011 for "Portlandia". + += = = Mikey Day = = = +Michael William Day (born March 20, 1980) is an American actor, comedian and writer. He was born in Orange, California. He is a current cast member on "Saturday Night Live" ("SNL"). +Day began his career with the Groundlings, a Los Angeles-based improvisational theater group. Day was an original cast member on the Nick Cannon's improvisational comedy series "Wild 'n Out" on MTV. He is also the host of "Is It Cake?". + += = = Terry Sweeney = = = +Terrance "Terry" Sweeney (born March 23, 1950) is an American writer, comedian and actor. He was a writer and cast member of "Saturday Night Live" in the 1980s. He co-wrote the 1989 movie "Shag", and has written for the television "series MADtv", "Hype", and "Tripping the Rift". +Sweeney is openly gay. + += = = Chris Redd = = = +Christopher Jerell Redd (born March 25, 1985) is an American actor and stand-up comedian. He was born in St. Louis, Missouri, but raised in Naperville, Illinois. He is known for being in the cast of "Saturday Night Live" from 2017 until 2022. He is known for his role as Hunter the Hungry in "". + += = = Alex Moffat (comedian) = = = +Alex Moffat (born March 25, 1982) is an American actor and comedian. He was born in Chicago. He is a cast member on "Saturday Night Live". +Moffat became a repertory cast member in 2018, beginning with Season 44. He is known for his impersonations of Anderson Cooper, Eric Trump, Chuck Schumer, Chuck Grassley, Al Franken, Billy Bush, Willem Dafoe and as Joe Scarborough. + += = = Derwa = = = +Derwa is a village in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is about away from Mirzapur. + += = = Grampu = = = +Grampu is a character from the TV show "Oobi". He is a talking hand puppet with eyes. He is the grandfather and guardian of Oobi and Uma. He was made by Josh Selig and first showed on TV in 2000. The person who played the role of Grampu was Tyler Bunch, an actor who works with puppets. +Role. +Grampu is an old man. He lives with his two grandkids, Oobi and Uma. Their parents and grandma are never seen or talked about, so Grampu is the only one who takes care of them. He likes to teach them about the world. He shows them how to do new things. As a running gag (repeated joke) in the show, Grampu is very unlucky and usually has to clean up messes that the kids make. +Grampu's favorite things to do are cooking and growing plants in his garden. When he is in the kitchen, he wears a big chef's hat and an apron. He is in love with Inka, an old woman from France who is Oobi's piano teacher. Grampu and Inka like to go on dates and eat fancy food. +Grampu has hazel eyes and doesn't wear any clothes. His hand is in a different position from the other characters. His fingers are curled in a fist instead of being extended, making him taller and giving him a toothless look. +Creation. +Grampu was made by Josh Selig, the maker of the whole show. Josh Selig wanted to show a non-traditional family: a family that was different from most ones shown on TV. This is why he came up with the idea for Oobi and Uma to live with their single grandpa. +In the first episodes of "Oobi", which were short two-minute stories, Grampu was a secondary character who did not show up very much. When the show was turned into a longer half-hour program, Grampu got a bigger role. The show writers used him as a (a contrasting character) to the kids, or as someone to give them advice. Grampu appeared more than he used to, and he was part of almost every single episode. +The person who played the role of Grampu was Tyler Bunch. Bunch is a puppeteer (an actor who works with puppets) known from the show "Sesame Street". While he was playing the part of Grampu, Bunch had to never shave his arm, so that Grampu would look like an old, hairy man. This was different from the other actors, who all had to shave their arms because they played kid characters. Bunch had a manicurist who filed his nails every week during filming. +Reception. +Grampu has gotten a good reception from viewers and critics. Many parents who watched "Oobi" with their kids thought he was the funniest part of the show. In an interview, Josh Selig said "many mothers seem to have developed a 'thing' for Grampu." , a writer of comedy books, called him "a hilarious character" in his book "Alternadad". He also wrote that Grampu seemed like a "children's TV character with whom we could spend an afternoon if [he] magically came to life." +The newspaper "St. Paul Pioneer Press" included Grampu as a good example of an unusual family unit in children's TV. In a satirical article that made fun of people wanting to keep gay and single parents out of media for kids, the newspaper called attention to Grampu being a single stay-home parent with a foreign girlfriend (Inka). +Other media. +Grampu has appeared in media outside of the "Oobi" show. From 2006 to 2013, toy versions of Grampu's puppet eyes (made of the material acrylic) were sold on an online shopping site called OobiEyes.com. They were available in different sizes for kids' and adults' hands. +In 2007, Grampu appeared several times on a talk show called "" when it featured clips from "Oobi". They were shown in a part called "What the Kids Are Watching", when the host Joel McHale made comments about funny scenes from kids' shows. Grampu also appeared in a video by the YouTube star Shane Dawson in November 2009, when he imitated Oobi and Grampu with his own hands. +In "Oobi: Dasdasi", a spin-off of the original "Oobi" show made in 2012, Grampu was reimagined as "Grandpa", a new character with a similar role. + += = = Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge = = = +The Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge is a 4-lane steel bridge in Nanjing that crosses the Yangtze River. It has two levels. The top level is a road for cars, buses, and trucks. There is also a sidewalk for people on foot. That part is 4588 meters or 15,052 feet long. The bottom level is a railroad for trains. That part is 6772 meters or 22,218 feet long. +It is owned, paid for, and fixed by Nanjing's government and by the Shanghai Railway Bureau. +Name. +The Mandarin Chinese name of the bridge is "Nánjīng Chángjiāng Dàqiáo", which means "the Big Bridge across the Long River in the Southern Capital". ("Chángjiāng" or "Long River" is the Chinese name for the Yangtze River, and "Nanjing" means "Southern Capital".) It is written in the traditional characters used by Chinese people on Taiwan and in Hong Kong and in the simplified characters used by mainland China. +History. +The Yangtze River is very big and very wide. During wars, people sometimes made pontoon bridges out of many boats. Most of the time, to go from one side to the other, people needed to use a ferry. This made things pretty slow and slowed the growth of China's economy. +The Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge was started in 1960. Both parts were finished and opened for use in late 1968. It was the 3rd bridge across the Yangtze River, after Wuhan's bridge and the Baishatuo Bridge near Chongqing. It is still important and a landmark in Nanjing because it was the first big bridge designed and built completely by Chinese people. It also has poems and sayings by Mao Zedong and art from the Cultural Revolution. +It is also infamous as the place with the most known suicides in the world. More than 2000 people have jumped off of the bridge since it was opened. +Transport. +The road across the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge is National Highway 104. The same road is also part of highways 205 and 312. +The railroad across the bridge is the Beijing–Shanghai Railway. (This is the railroad for slow trains. The high-speed trains between Beijing and Shanghai use a different bridge.) The same railroad is also part of the Nanjing–Xi'an and Nanjing–Qidong Railways. It is also used for the Shanghai–Chengdu High-Speed Railway, but those trains can't go very fast across the bridge. +Art. +The bridge was constructed under the leadership of Chairman Mao Zedong. It is covered with his sayings and calligraphy (artistic handwriting). It also has statues and pictures of strong and passionate soldiers, workers, and farmers that go along with what the words say. There are also pictures of China's growing industry. + += = = Pizza Ranch = = = +Pizza Ranch, Inc. is a Midwestern fast casual restaurant chain. It was founded in 1981. The restaurant serves pizza and fried chicken and has a salad bar. +Pizza Ranch has over 200 locations in 13 states: Nebraska, Illinois, Missouri, Iowa, Wyoming, Kansas, Colorado, Montana, South Dakota, North Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan. +Pizza Ranch is the largest regional pizza franchise in North Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa and South Dakota. + += = = Chili's = = = +Chili's Grill & Bar is an American casual dining restaurant chain. It serves Tex-Mex and American food. It was established in Texas in 1975 by Larry Lavine. +Chili's first location was a converted postal station on Greenville Avenue in the Vickery Meadows area of Dallas, Texas. It opened in 1975. Lavine's idea was to create an informal full-service dining restaurant. The restaurant had a menu with hamburgers of different types which didn't cost a lot. The brand was successful. By the early 1980s, there were 28 Chili's restaurants in the region. They all had Southwest style. + += = = Agdam = = = +Agdam () is a ghost town in southwestern Azerbaijan. It was captured by Armenian forces in July 1993 causing the expulsion of its Azeri population. + += = = My Friends Tigger & Pooh = = = +My Friends Tigger & Pooh is an American computer-animated children's television series on Playhouse Disney. It had 63 episodes and 3 seasons. It ran from May 12, 2007 to October 9, 2010. + += = = Waldenburg, Switzerland = = = +Waldenburg is the capital of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Antoine, Arkansas = = = +Antoine is a town in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Glenwood, Arkansas = = = +Glenwood is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Daisy, Arkansas = = = +Daisy is a town in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Delight, Arkansas = = = +Delight is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Kirby, Arkansas = = = +Kirby is an unincorporated census-designated place in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Pike County, Arkansas = = = +Pike County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,171. The county seat is Murfreesboro. It was founded on November 1, 1833. + += = = Miller County, Arkansas = = = +Miller County is a county located in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 42,600. The county seat is Texarkana. + += = = Miller County = = = +Miller County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Mississippi County, Arkansas = = = +Mississippi County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,685. There are two county seats, Blytheville and Osceola. The county was founded on November 1, 1833, and named for the Mississippi River which borders the county to the east. + += = = Mississippi County = = = +Mississippi County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Lods = = = +Lods is a commune of 224 people (2015). It is found in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. +Geography. +Lods is in the Jura Mountains, about southeast of the city of Besançon. It is in the valley of the Loue River. + += = = Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska = = = +Aleutians West Census Area is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,232. It is part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest city is Unalaska. + += = = Fairbanks North Star Borough = = = +The Fairbanks North Star Borough is a borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 95,655. The borough seat is Fairbanks. + += = = Bethel Census Area, Alaska = = = +Bethel Census Area is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,666. It is part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest community is the city of Bethel, which is also the largest city in the Unorganized Borough. + += = = Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska = = = +Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,343. It has the largest area of any county or county-equivalent in the United States, roughly the same size as Japan. It is part of the Unorganized Borough of Alaska and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest communities are the cities of Galena, in the west, and Fort Yukon, in the northeast. + += = = Greenland, Minnesota = = = +Greenland is an unincorporated community in Elysian Township, Le Sueur County, Minnesota, United States. +Greenland is found along 231st Avenue near its crossing with Greenland Road. Highway 60 (MN 60) is not far from Greenland. +Greenland had a post office from 1883 to 1914, and was on the old Chicago Great Western Railroad. +Some places not far from Greenland are Elysian and Madison Lake. + += = = Cordova, Minnesota = = = +Cordova is an unincorporated community in Cordova Township, Le Sueur County, Minnesota, United States. +The community is found on Le Sueur County Road 2, where it meets with Le Sueur County Road 5 at Gorman Lake. +County Roads 7 and 11 are also found near. The Little Cannon River is nearby. +Cordova had a post office from 1857 to 1907. It was mapped on September 28, 1867, and incorporated on February 27, 1878, but since then has gone back to being an unincorporated community in Cordova Township. +Places not far away include Le Center, Waterville, Kilkenny, Montgomery, Lexington, Cleveland, and Elysian. + += = = Merete Skavlan = = = +Merete Skavlan (25 July 1920 – 2 November 2018) was a Norwegian actress, director and editor. She was born in Oslo. Skavlan was known for her stage roles in "The Long Christmas Dinner", "The House of Bernarda Alba" and in "The Bald Soprano". She worked as an editor-in-chief for "Dagbladet". +Skavlan died on 2 November 2018 in Oslo at the age of 98. + += = = 1967 Baltimore Colts season = = = +The 1967 Baltimore Colts season was the 15th season for the team in the National Football League. They ended the regular season with a record of 11 wins, 1 loss, and 2 ties. This was the same record the Los Angeles Rams achieved. Since the Rams were in the same division, the Colts lost the tie based on point differential in head-to-head games and thus did not make the playoffs. +The Colts' win percentage of .917 (The NFL did not count ties for such purposes until 1972) is the best in North American pro sports history for a team that did not make the playoffs +Regular season. +Standings. +Note: Tie games were not counted in the standings until 1972. + += = = Henderson Station, Minnesota = = = +Henderson Station is an unincorporated community in Tyrone Township, Le Sueur County, Minnesota, United States. The community is also known as "East Henderson". It is 1.3 miles east of Henderson, and six miles north of Le Sueur. +The community is found on Henderson Station Road–Le Sueur County Road 34. Highway 19 (MN 19) and U.S. 169 are found close by. +The community of Henderson Station was first started in the 1850s as "Clarksville", which could be found on the east side of the Minnesota River, across from the city of Henderson in bordering Sibley County. The community was organized in 1855, mapped in 1877, incorporated in 1883, but has gone back to being an unincorporated community in section 7 within Tyrone Township. +Henderson Station had a ferry from 1856 to 1877, a general store, and a grain elevator, which closed in 1960. +It had a station on the old Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railroad in section 6 of Tyrone Township. +Ney Nature Center is nearby. + += = = Manohar Prahlad Awati = = = +Vice Admiral Manohar Prahlad Awati, PVSM, VrC, (7 September 1927 – 4 November 2018) was the former Chief of India's Western Naval Command. He retired in 1983. During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, he was awarded the Vir Chakra for his command of the INS Kamorta. The admiral was also known as the "Father of the Indian Navy's Circumnavigation Adventures". +Awati died on 4 November 2018 in Maharashtra, India from complications of pneumonia at the age of 91. + += = = Lexington, Le Sueur County, Minnesota = = = +Lexington is an unincorporated community in Le Sueur County, Minnesota + += = = Marco Dezzi Bardeschi = = = +Marco Dezzi Bardeschi (September 30, 1934 - November 4, 2018) was an Italian architect. He was born in Florence, Italy. +Biography. +Bardeschi was a professor of Architectural Restoration at the Polytechnic University of Milan. He wrote many books. He was the founding editor of "ANANKE", an architectural magazine. +Bardeschi died in Milan on November 4, 2018 from throat cancer at the age of 84. + += = = Marysburg, Minnesota = = = +Marysburg is an unincorporated community in Blue Earth and Le Sueur counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota. + += = = Olga Harmony = = = +Olga Harmony (April 23, 1928 – November 11, 2018) was a Mexican playwright and a drama teacher. +Biography. +She was born in Mexico City. Harmony studied at the National Autonomous University of Mexico. She worked at the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria. +Harmony died in Mexico City on November 11, 2018 at the age of 90. + += = = Frankie Schneider = = = +Frankie Schneider (August 11, 1926 – November 11, 2018) was an American stock car, modified, midget, and sprint car racer. He was born in Maplewood, New Jersey. +Schneider had one NASCAR Grand National (now Sprint Cup) victory at Old Dominion Speedway in 1958 driving a 1957 Chevrolet. He also won the 1952 NASCAR modified title, where it is thought that he scored at least 100 wins. Schneider earned his nickname "The Old Master". +Schneider died in Lambertville, New Jersey on November 11, 2018 at the age of 92. + += = = Lambertville, New Jersey = = = +Lambertville is a city in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the city's population was 4,139. + += = = Igor Luchenok = = = +Igor Mikhailovich Luchenok (Belarusian: I��� ���������� �������, Ihar Mikhaylavich Luchanok, Russian: ����� ���������� �������; 6 August 1938 – 12 November 2018) was a Belarusian composer. He was born in Maryina Horka, Belarus. He was awarded the People's Artist of Belarus and People's Artist of the USSR. He was chairman of the Belarusian Union of Composers. +Luchenok worked in many genres ranging from vocal-symphonic, chamber-instrumental, and chamber-voca. From his works formed the repertoire of Pesniary, Syabry, Verasy, Joseph Kobzon, Sofia Rotaru, Valentina Tolkunova, Maria Pakhomenko, Lev Leshchenko, Victor Vuyachich, Eduard Khil and many others. +Luchenok died on 12 November 2018 from a stroke in Minsk at the age of 80. + += = = Ottawa, Minnesota = = = +Ottawa is an unincorporated community in Le Sueur County, Minnesota. + += = = St. Henry, Minnesota = = = +St. Henry is an unincorporated community in Le Sueur County, Minnesota. + += = = St. Thomas, Minnesota = = = +St. Thomas is an unincorporated community in Le Sueur County, Minnesota. + += = = Union Hill, Minnesota = = = +Union Hill is an unincorporated community in Le Sueur and Scott counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota. + += = = Lucho Gatica = = = +Luis Enrique Gatica Silva, better known as Lucho Gatica (11 August 1928 – 13 November 2018) was a Chilean bolero singer, actor, and television host. Gatica released more than 90 recordings. He was the uncle of the record producer Humberto Gatica. Gatica was born in Rancagua, Chile. Gatica was known for his songs "Me Importas Tú" and "Sinceridad". His best known movie role was in "El secreto de la ouija" (1986). +Gatica died in Santiago de Chile on 13 November 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 90. + += = = Fred Patten = = = +Frederick Walter Patten (December 11, 1940 – November 12, 2018) was an American anime writer, novelist, editor and historian. He was born in Los Angeles, California. Patten was known for his work in the science fiction, fantasy, anime, manga, and furry fandoms. His best known novel was "Watching Anime, Reading Manga". His best known anime works were "" and "Doomed Megalopolis". +Patten died on November 12, 2018 in Los Angeles from an aortic aneurysm at the age of 77. + += = = Stuart H. Walker = = = +Stuart Hodge Walker (April 19, 1923 – November 12, 2018) was an American Olympic yachtsman, writer and a professor of pediatrics. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He retired in 1984. +Walker competed as a sailor at the Olympic Games such as in the 1968 games. He won many national and international championships in different classes and wrote over ten books. He helped found the Severn Sailing Association. He published his 11th book, "Travels with Thermopylae", in 2015. +Walker died in Annapolis, Maryland from stomach cancer on November 12, 2018 at the age of 95. + += = = Guangzhou Metro = = = +The Guangzhou Metro () is the metro system of Guangzhou, Guangdong in China. It is operated by the Guangzhou Metro Corporation. It was the fourth metro system that was built in mainland China. The Guangzhou Metro was planned many times. The planning of the metro began in the 1980s and in 1993 the construction of the first line began. In 1997 the metro opened. The first line was Line 1. +The metro system has 13 lines. They are Line 1, Line 2, Line 3, Line 4, Line 5, Line 6, Line 7, Line 8, Line 9, Line 13, Line 14, Guangfo Line, and the Zhujiang New Town APM. All of these lines connect the urban core and the suburbs. The Guangfo Line connects Guangzhou and Foshan. Over seven million people ride the metro everyday and it was used 2.56 billion times. This makes the metro the fourth busiest metro in the world. +History. +First ideas and planning. +Chen Yu, who was the Governor of Guangdong from 1957 to 1967, first had an idea for a metro system in Guangzhou. In 1960 he had the groundwater levels of Guangzhou checked. In 1965 Chen Yu and Tao Zhu put out the idea to build a tunnel in Guangzhou for evacuations during war or for creating a metro. The project was called "Project Nine". +The metro system was supposed to have two lines. Chen Yu planned for a north-south line and an east-west line. The plans for these lines are very similar to Line 1 and Line 2. The east-west line was never built. The north-south line was supposed to be built by Project Nine. There wasn't enough time, money, or materials so instead of having a subway, they planned to use trolleybuses. The tunnel was finished in 1966 but it could not be used. This was because there was an unsafe section of the tunnel. There were many attempts to restart Project Nine in the 1970s, but none of these attempts restarted Project Nine. +Construction of Line 1. +The metro project was started as the Preparation Office of Guangzhou Metro. It was created in 1979 to try and restart Project Nine. The project was going to help reduce the traffic in Guangzhou. Before the 1980s, most underground projects in China were to prepare for war. This was the first time that something like the Guangzhou Metro was focused on traffic. China and France worked together to design the metro. Four designs were released in the Guangzhou Daily on 14 March 1988. One of the designs were chosen after getting feedback from other people. It showed a design that would become Line 1 and Line 2. +The construction of Line 1 officially began on 28 December 1992. Before that, in October 1992, workers began on a trial part of the line. Many construction techniques were used when building the metro. They were new to China and included immersed tubes and tunnel boring machines. Line 1 needed ¥12.75 billion to be built and the city government of Guangzhou raised all the money. The mayor at the time, Li Ziliu wanted to use cut-and-cover tunnels. This meant that almost 100,000 people had to leave their homes and almost of buildings had to be destroyed. +On 28 June 1997 the section of Line 1 opened for a trial. The part that was not opened was finished on 28 December 1998. The whole line was opened for sightseeing between 16 February and 2 March 1999. Line 1 was officially opened on 28 June 1999. + += = = La Shawn K. Ford = = = +La Shawn K. Ford (born 1971/1972) is an American politician and real-estate developer. He is a Democratic member of the Illinois House of Representatives, representing the 8th District since 2007. He was born in Chicago. +On November 29, 2012, Ford was indicted on charges of bank fraud. On August 4, 2014, all 17 felony counts of bank fraud and false information against Ford were dropped by federal prosecutors. +In October 2018, Ford announced his candidacy for Mayor of Chicago for the election in 2019. + += = = Herbert London = = = +Herbert Ira London (March 6, 1939 – November 10, 2018) was an American conservative activist, commentator, author, and academic. London was born in Brooklyn, New York City. He was a Republican. +London was the president of the Hudson Institute from 1997 to 2011. He was a conservative columnist for "The Washington Times". London was president of the London Center for Policy Research. He was a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. +London was the Conservative nominee for Governor of New York in 1990, but lost the election to Mario Cuomo. +London died in Manhattan from complications of heart failure on November 10, 2018 at the age of 79. + += = = Term of office = = = +A term of office, electoral term, or parliamentary term is the amount of time a person serves in a after being elected for an office. In many jurisdictions, there is a limit on how long the term of office may be before the officeholder must be subject to a re-election. Some jurisdictions have term limits, which means it sets a maximum number of terms an individual may hold in a particular office. +United Kingdom. +As the origin of the Westminster system, this system of government are replicated in many other countries. +Monarch. +The monarch serves as head of state until their death or abdication. + += = = Caroline Rose Hunt = = = +Caroline Rose Hunt (January 8, 1923 – November 13, 2018) was an American heiress, hotelier and philanthropist. +Biography. +At one time the wealthiest woman in the United States. She was known for being the founder of Rosewood Hotels & Resorts, which she founded in 1979. She was born in El Dorado, Arkansas. +Hunt died at her mansion near Dallas on November 13, 2018 from a stroke at the age of 95. + += = = Pumori = = = +Pumori () (or Pumo Ri) is a mountain on the Nepal-Tibet border. It is in the Mahalangur section of the Himalayas. Pumori lies just eight kilometres west of Mount Everest. Pumori means "the Mountain Daughter" in Sherpa language. It was named by George Mallory. "Pumo" means young girl or daughter and "Ri" means mountain in Sherpa language. Climbers sometimes refer to Pumori as "Everest's Daughter". Mallory also called it Clare Peak, after his daughter. +Pumori is a popular climbing peak. The easiest route is graded class 3, but avalanche is still a danger. Pumori was first climbed on May 17, 1962 by Gerhard Lenser on a German-Swiss expedition. Two Czechs (Leopold Sulovský and Zdeněk Michalec) climbed a new route on the south face in the spring of 1996. +An outlier of Pumori is Kala Patthar (5,643m/18,513'). It appears as a brown bump below the south face of Pumori. Many trekkers going to see Mount Everest up close will try to climb to the top of Kala Patthar. +Trekking and mountaineering. +Nearly 500 people had reached the summit of Pumori by 2005. 42 (13 after reaching the summit) people lost their lives while climbing by 2005. It's popularity increased by 2008. From the summit, high Tibetan plateau can be seen on the one side and Nepal can be seen on the other side. The western part of the Everest can also be seen from the summit. However, there have been some dangers from avalanches. Some Spanish climbing teams took heavy losses (such as in 1989 and 2001). 2015 avalanche killed and injured many people. It was likely caused by the 2015 Nepal earthquake. It is said to have started from the Pumori-Lingtren ridge. +In 1982 a group climbing to Pumori also did a ski-hike around Everest. Jim Bridwell led the climbing expedition to Pumori. + += = = Champa = = = +Gulshan Ara Akter Champa is a Bangladeshi film and television actress. +Awards and achievements. +National Film Awards + += = = Wayne Maunder = = = +Wayne E. Maunder (December 19, 1937 – November 11, 2018) was an American actor. He was born in Four Falls, New Brunswick, but raised in Bangor, Maine. He was known for his roles in "The Seven Minutes", "Porky's", "Lancer", "Custer" and in "Chase". +Maunder died of a heart attack on November 11, 2018 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 80. + += = = Katherine MacGregor = = = +Katherine "Scottie" MacGregor (born Dorlee Deane MacGregor; January 12, 1925 – November 13, 2018) was an American actress, dancer and writer. She was born in Glendale, California. She was best known for her role as Harriet Oleson in "Little House on the Prairie". +MacGregor died on November 13, 2018 in Los Angeles from congestive heart failure at the age of 93. + += = = Chris Porter (ice hockey) = = = +Chris Porter (born May 29, 1984 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian-American professional ice hockey left winger who is currently an unrestricted free agent. He most recently played for the Providence Bruins of the American Hockey League (AHL). He was drafted in the ninth round, 282nd overall, by the Chicago Blackhawks in the 2003 NHL Entry Draft. +Playing career. +Prior to his professional career, Porter played collegiate hockey at the University of North Dakota. He spent four years at the University of North Dakota appearing in 175 games for the Fighting Sioux. He made his NHL debut with the Blues in the 2008–09 season opener. He scored his first career NHL goal on October 18, 2008 against the Chicago Blackhawks. +On July 16, 2012, Porter was re-signed as a free agent by the Blues to a one-year contract. +On August 8, 2015, Porter left the Blues organization as a free agent after 8 seasons and signed a one-year, two-way contract with the Philadelphia Flyers. Porter failed to earn a spot on the Flyers during training camp and was placed on waivers by the team on September 30, 2015. On October 1, 2015, prior to the 2015–16 season, he was claimed by the Minnesota Wild. Over the course of the campaign with the Wild, Porter consolidated his role on the fourth line, featuring in a career best 61 games for 4 goals and 7 points. +As a free agent, Porter was unable to attain a NHL contract over the summer. On September 12, 2016, Porter signed a professional try-out contract to attend training camp in a return to the St. Louis Blues. Unable to secure a contract in his return to the Blues, Porter was released and later signed on October 31, 2016, to a professional tryout agreement with the Providence Bruins of the AHL. +Personal. +Porter is close friends with University of North Dakota teammate and current NHL star of the Minnesota Wild, Zach Parise. He acted as best man at Parise's wedding as Parise did for him. + += = = Bill Weld = = = +William Floyd Weld (born July 31, 1945) is an American attorney, businessman and Republican politician. +He was the 68th Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts from 1991 to 1997. Bill Clinton named him to be Ambassador to Mexico in 1998, but he was not approved by the Senate. He was the Libertarian vice presidential nominee in the 2016 election. +In April 2019, Weld announced his candidacy for President of the United States in a primary challenge against President Donald Trump in the 2020 election. +Failed ambassadorship nomination. +He resigned as governor in 1997 to focus on his nomination by President Bill Clinton for United States Ambassador to Mexico, but because of opposition by the social conservatives such as Senator Jesse Helms, he was denied a hearing and withdrew his nomination. +2016 vice presidential campaign. +In May 2016, former New Mexico Governor and Libertarian presidential candidate Gary Johnson named Weld as his running mate and he became the vice presidential nominee for the 2016 election. They were later both formally nominated at the Libertarian National Convention. +2020 presidential campaign. +In January 2019, Weld expressed interest in running for President of the United States as a Republican, challenging President Donald Trump in the primaries, in the 2020 election. In February 2019, Weld rejoined the Republican Party. He launched an exploratory committee for a possible 2020 bid. +On April 15, 2019 Weld officially announced he would be running for President, challenging incumbent Donald Trump. + += = = Rick Yeo = = = +J. Richard 'Rick' Yeo was a Canadian ice hockey player and coach who was also a member of Michigan Tech's administration for over 20 years. +Career. +Rick Yeo's first appearance in Houghton came as a player for Michigan Tech under John MacInnes. Recruited just after the Huskies first national title in 1962, Yeo was part of Michigan Tech's second championship in 1965, notching 2 assists in the final game against Boston College. After captaining the team in his senior season Yeo returned home to Thunder Bay and worked as a teacher and coach in the area. He made one final appearance on the ice for the Thunder Bay Twins in the team's inaugural season before ending his playing days for good. +In 1973 Yeo returned to his alma mater, becoming an assistant for the team and helping the Huskies to their third championship in 1975. Yeo was eventually hired as the head coach for Lake Superior State and served in that capacity from 1976 through the end of the 1980–81 season. Yeo was less successful that the two bench bosses that preceded him (Ron Mason and Rick Comley) but did achieve a modest amount of success with the Lakers in his five seasons. +Yeo was back in Houghton for the third time in the fall of 1981 becoming Director of Annual/Special Gifts for the Michigan Tech Fund, a position he held for eight years. A year after being inducted into the Michigan Tech Sports Hall of Fame in 1988 Yeo became director of alumni relations and then the school's Athletic Director in 1990. Yeo continued on as AD until 2005 when he accepted a new position as senior director of athletic development to help improve the financial foundation of the university's athletic department. + += = = Fernando del Paso = = = +Fernando del Paso Morante (April 1, 1935 – November 14, 2018) was a Mexican novelist, essayist and poet. +Biography. +He was born in Mexico City. +Del Paso studied at Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). He lived in London for 14 years. +Del Paso worked for British Broadcasting Corporation. He was a member of Colegio Nacional de México from 1996 to 2018. In 2015, he was awarded the Miguel de Cervantes Prize. +Del Paso died on November 14, 2018 in Mexico City at the age of 83. + += = = JetBlue Flight 292 = = = +JetBlue Flight 292 was a scheduled flight from Bob Hope Airport in Burbank, California to John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City. +On September 21, 2005, Captain Scott Burke performed an emergency landing in the Airbus A320-200 at Los Angeles International Airport after the landing gear jammed in an unusual position. No one was injured. +Because JetBlue planes are equipped with DirecTV satellite television, passengers on Flight 292 were able to watch live news coverage of their flight while the plane circled over the Pacific for hours. + += = = Yumeko Aizome = = = + (died January 1, 2002) was a Japanese actress. She was born in Inawashiro, Fukushima. From 1942 to 1975, she was married to Olympian Masanori Yusa. Aizome retired in 1965. Her best known roles were in "Dragnet Girl" (1933), "Japanese Girls at the Harbor" (1933), "A Mother Should be Loved" (1934), "Our Neighbor, Miss Yae" (1934), "A Ball at the Anjo House" (1947) and in "Kiri no Hata" (1965). + += = = Dillingham Census Area, Alaska = = = +Dillingham Census Area is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,857. It is part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest community by far is the city of Dillingham, on a small arm of Bristol Bay on the Bering Sea. + += = = Unorganized Borough, Alaska = = = +The Unorganized Borough is made up of the parts of the U.S. state of Alaska which are not contained in any of its 19 organized boroughs. It encompasses nearly half of Alaska's land area, , an area larger than any other U.S. state, and larger than the land area of the smallest 16 states combined. As of the 2020 U.S. Census, it had a population of 77,157, which was 10.55% of the population of the state. + += = = Aleutians East Borough, Alaska = = = +Aleutians East Borough () is a 2nd class borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,420. The borough seat is Sand Point. + += = = Hoonah–Angoon Census Area, Alaska = = = +Hoonah–Angoon Census Area is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,365. It is part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest community is the city of Hoonah. + += = = Nome Census Area, Alaska = = = +Nome Census Area is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,046. It is part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest community by far is the city of Nome. + += = = Le Sueur County, Minnesota = = = +Le Sueur County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 28,674 people lived there. The county seat is Le Center. + += = = Le Center, Minnesota = = = +Le Center is a city in the state of Minnesota in the United States. It is the county seat of Le Sueur County. + += = = Altheimer, Arkansas = = = +Altheimer is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Farmington, Utah = = = +Farmington is a city in Davis County, Utah, United States. It is part of the Ogden–Clearfield, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 24,531 at the 2020 census, up from 18,275 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Davis County. + += = = Gerald Ford assassination attempt in Sacramento = = = +On September 5, 1975, Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme, a cult member of Charles Manson's Manson Family, attempted to assassinate United States President Gerald Ford in Sacramento, California. +Fromme wanted to make a statement to people who did not want to stop environmental pollution. Although Fromme stood a little more than an arm's length from Ford that Friday morning and pointed a M1911 pistol at him, her gun failed to fire and no one was injured. +After the assassination attempt, Ford continued to walk to the California state house, where he met with Jerry Brown. For her crime, Fromme spent 34 years in prison and was released on August 14, 2009 – two years after Ford's death. +The Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum in Grand Rapids, Michigan, later received the M1911 pistol used in the assassination attempt as a gift, and the gun was put on display. + += = = Larry Buendorf = = = +Larry Buendorf (born November 18, 1937) is an American security official. He is the Chief Security Officer of the United States Olympic Committee. He is a former United States Navy aviator and Secret Service agent. +Buendorf is best known for his successful intervention during an assassination attempt on then United States President Gerald Ford in 1975. + += = = Wells, Minnesota = = = +Wells is a city in Faribault County, Minnesota, United States. According to the 2020 census, there were 2,410 people living there. + += = = Davis County, Utah = = = +Davis County is a county in northern Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 362,679. Its county seat is Farmington, and its largest city is Layton. The county was created in 1850. + += = = Layton, Utah = = = +Layton is a city in Davis County, Utah, United States. It is part of the Ogden-Clearfield Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, 81,773 people lived in Layton. This is up from 67,311 people at the 2010 census. + += = = Weber County, Utah = = = +Weber County ( ) is a county in the U.S. state of Utah. As of the 2020 census, the population was 262,223. Its county seat and largest city is Ogden. The county was formed in 1850. + += = = Utah County, Utah = = = +Utah County is a county in the U.S. state of Utah. As of the 2020 census, the population was 659,399. The county seat and largest city is Provo. + += = = Owen Roizman = = = +Owen Roizman (September 22, 1936 – January 6, 2023) was an American cinematographer and movie director. He had five Academy Award nominations for Best Cinematography. +His best known movies are "The French Connection" (1971), "The Exorcist" (1973), "Network" (1976), "Tootsie" (1982) and "Wyatt Earp" (1994). He was given an Academy Honorary Award in 2017. + += = = Aqaba Governorate = = = +The Aqaba Governorate () is one of the 12 governorates in Jordan. The capital of the governorate is the city of Aqaba. It is the fourth largest governorate in Jordan by area and is ranked 10th by population. + += = = Anthony Lester, Baron Lester of Herne Hill = = = +Anthony Paul Lester, Baron Lester of Herne Hill, QC (3 July 1936 – 8 August 2020) was a British barrister and politician. He sat in the House of Lords as a non-affiliated peer. He was born into a Jewish family in London. +n 29 June 2007, Lester was appointed by Prime Minister Gordon Brown as a special adviser on constitutional reform to the Secretary of State for Justice. Lester's peerage was announced on 13 August 1993. +Until sexual harassment claims arose in February 2018, Lord Lester sat as a Liberal Democrat. On 12 November 2018, the House of Lords Committee for Privileges and Conduct supported a recommendation that Lord Lester be suspended from the House of Lords until June 2022 as a result of a complaint of sexual harassment. + += = = Match.com = = = +Match.com is an online dating website. It serves 25 countries in more than eight languages. +The company headquarters is in Dallas, Texas. It also has offices in West Hollywood, San Francisco, Tokyo, Rio de Janeiro, and Beijing. Match.com is owned by IAC. + += = = Ikue Ōtani = = = + is a Japanese actress, voice actress and narrator. She was born in Tokyo. She is best known for her roles in the "Pokémon" series (as Pikachu). +She also starred in "One Piece" (as Tony Tony Chopper), "Naruto" (as Konohamaru Sarutobi), "Smile PreCure!" (as Candy) and "Wonder Spencer" (as Mother). + += = = Child's Play (2019 movie) = = = +Child's Play is an American-Canadian slasher movie. It was directed by Lars Klevberg. It was written by Tyler Burton Smith. It is a reboot of the 1988 movie of the same name. +It stars Gabriel Bateman, Aubrey Plaza, Tim Matheson and Brian Tyree Henry with Mark Hamill as the voice of Chucky, and is produced by Seth Grahame-Smith and David Katzenberg and Aaron Schmidt. The movie was released in the United States on June 21, 2019. +The movie did good at the box office, earning $45 million worldwide against its $10 million budget. The movie received mixed reviews, with the Rotten Tomatoes calling it "predictably gruesome" and "generally entertaining". + += = = Chronic traumatic encephalopathy = = = +Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), formerly known as dementia pugilistica, is a neurodegenerative disease found in people who have had multiple head injuries. +Symptoms may include behavioral problems, mood problems, and problems with thinking. This typically does not begin until years after the injuries. It often gets worse over time and can result in dementia. It is unclear if the risk of suicide is increased. + += = = John Large = = = +John Harold Large (1943 – 3 November 2018) was an English consulting Chartered Engineer primarily. He was known for his work in assessing and reporting nuclear safety and nuclear related accidents and incidents, work which has often featured in the media. +He provided technical evidence in the Friends of the Earth legal action over the failure of the steam generators of the Southern California San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station in 2013. +Large died on 3 November 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 75. + += = = Sandeep Lamichhane = = = +Sandeep Lamichhane (; born 2 August 2000) is a Nepalese cricketer. He plays for the Nepalese national team. He is right-handed leg spin bowler. Lamichhane plays for Delhi Daredevils in the Indian Premier League. He is the first Nepalese cricketer to get a contract and play in the Indian Premier League. +His first international match was a Twenty20 International (T20I) match against the West Indies. There he represented a World XI side. He became the first cricketer to make an international debut representing a combined team. He was one of the eleven cricketers to play in Nepal's first ever One Day International (ODI) match. The match was against the Netherlands in August 2018. In October 2018, he became the first cricketer from Nepal to be signed up for the Big Bash League in Australia. +Early life. +Sandeep Lamichhane was born on 2 August 2000 in Aruchaur, Syangja, Nepal. During his childhood, Sachin Tendulkar and Shane Warne were his cricketing idols. Then he moved to Chitwan district. There he started training at Chitwan Cricket Academy which is run by former captain Raju Khadka. During a visit of current captain Paras Khadka and former coach of Nepal Pubudu Dasanayake, Sandeep was told to bowl in the nets. They picked him straight to the national camp for under-19. +Early career. +He made his List A debut in the 2015–17 ICC World Cricket League Championship on 16 April 2016. The match was against Namibia. Before his List A debut, he was named in Nepal's under-19 squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. In their 2nd match against Ireland U-19 team in the tournament, he took a hat-trick in the 32nd over of the match. He took wickets of Lorcan Tucker, Adam Dennison and Fiachra Tucker. He became the fifth bowler to take a hat-trick in the under-19 world cup history. He became man of the match for his good bowling. He took 5 wickets giving 27 runs. +In the fifth-place playoff match against Pakistan U-19 team, he took 3 wickets giving 53 runs. In the seventh-place playoff match against Namibia U-19 team, he took 3 wickets giving 35 runs. He finished the tournament as second highest wicket taker with 14 wickets at an average of 17.07 and strike rate of 21.9. In September 2016 Lamichhane received a letter from former Australian captain Michael Clarke. He invited him to play at the Sydney-based Western Suburbs District Cricket Club. In 2017 ACC Under-19 Asia Cup, he took 5 wickets giving 8 runs. Malaysia U-19 team was able to make 45 runs only. He became the man of the match. +T20 franchise cricket. +In January 2018, he was included in the list of players for auction in the 2018 Indian Premier League. There his base price was 20 lakhs. He was bought by Delhi Daredevils at his base price. He became the first Nepalese cricketer to get a contract in the Indian Premier League. +In May 2018, he made his T20 debut playing for the Delhi Daredevils in the 2018 Indian Premier League (IPL). He became the first Nepalese cricketer to play in the IPL. He took a wicket for 25 runs on his debut match against Royal Challengers Bangalore. In the tournament he took five wickets in three matches with 16.4 bowling average. +In October 2018, he was signed by the Melbourne Stars for the Big Bash League (BBL). He became the first cricketer from Nepal to be signed up to the BBL. +International career. +In January 2018, he was named in Nepal's squad for the 2018 ICC World Cricket League Division Two tournament. In their opening match against Namibia, he was the man of the match. In the match he took 4 wickets giving 18 runs in 8.2 overs. They won the match by 1 wicket. The third match was against the United Arab Emirates. There he took 3 wickets giving 30 runs. In the fourth match against Kenya, he took his first five wicket haul in List A cricket. He took 5 wickets giving 20 runs. He was named the man of the match. +Lamichhane was awarded with ICC World Cricket League Division Two Player of the tournament award. The award was for his economical bowling and most wickets taken in that tournament by any player. He took 17 wickets in six matches. +In February 2018, the International Cricket Council (ICC) named Lamichhane as one of the ten players to watch ahead of the 2018 Cricket World Cup Qualifier tournament. After Cricket World Cup Qualifier tournament, the ICC also named Lamichhane as the rising star of Nepal's squad. +In July 2018, he was named in Nepal's squad for their One Day International (ODI) series against the Netherlands. In August 2018, he was named in Nepal's squad for the 2018 Asia Cup Qualifier tournament. + += = = Gorki Leninskiye = = = +Gorki Leninskiye () is an urban-type settlement in the Leninsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia. + += = = Islam in India = = = +Islam is the second largest religion in India. In 2017, India had 189,000,000 Muslims (followers of Islam). India ranks third of the top list countries which have largest Muslim population, after Indonesia and Pakistan. +Islam arrived in Northern India in the 12th century through Turkic invasions who created the Delhi Sultanate and since then has been part of India's religious and cultural heritage. Over the centuries especially in the Mughal Empire, there has been an important integration of Muslim cultures across India, and Muslims have played an important role in India's economy, politics and culture. However in later times, in specific eras, terrible conflicts broke out between Hindu and Muslim communities, such as for example in the era of the Independence and Partition of India. The largest caste of Muslims in India is Shaikh caste 5 largest clans like Biradari, Milki, Abbasi, Bahlim and Hashmi. + += = = Syahrini = = = +Fatimah Syahrini Jaelani also known as Syahrini or Zhang Jingling (born August 1, 1980), is an artist and Indonesian actor. Her first album called "My Lovely" was made in 2008. + += = = You're the Worst = = = +You're the Worst is an American comedy-drama television series created by Stephen Falk. It was first shown on FX in 2014. From 2015 to 2019 it was shown on FXX. +Synopsis. +The series is about the relationship and lives of Jimmy Shive-Overly and his girlfriend Gretchen Cutler, The series is also about the lives of Jimmy's best friend Edgar Quintero and Gretchen's best friend Lindsay Jillian. + += = = Aya Cash = = = +Aya Cash (born July 13, 1982) is an American actress. She was born in San Francisco, California and has performed in many movies and television programs. These include "You're The Worst", "The Wolf of Wall Street", "Law & Order", "Mary Goes Round" and "Brotherhood". +In December 2015, She was nominated for Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actress in a Comedy Series for her role in "You're the Worst". + += = = Gamma Phi Circus = = = +Gamma Phi Circus is a circus at Illinois State University. It is the oldest circus in a U.S. college. It was founded in 1929 and was a fraternity at first. The first show was in 1931. Gamma Phi Circus is now a student organization. + += = = Ulm, Arkansas = = = +Ulm is a town in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Fredonia (Biscoe), Arkansas = = = +Fredonia (Biscoe) is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Lyon County, Nevada = = = +Lyon County is a county in the state of Nevada in the United States. In 2020, 59,235 people lived there. The county seat is Yerington. + += = = Montgomery County, Arkansas = = = +Montgomery County is a county in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,484. The county seat is Mount Ida. It was founded on December 9, 1842. + += = = Nevada County = = = +Nevada County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Nevada County, Arkansas = = = +Nevada County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,310. The county seat is Prescott. It was founded on March 20, 1871. + += = = Coat of arms of Iceland = = = +The coat of arms of Iceland has a silver-fimbriated, red cross on blue shield. The supporters are the four protectors of Iceland (landvættir) standing on a pahoehoe lava block. The bull ("Griðungur") is the protector of northwestern Iceland, the eagle or griffin ("Gammur") protects northeastern Iceland, the dragon ("Dreki") protects the southeastern part, and the rock-giant ("Bergrisi") is the protector of southwestern Iceland. + += = = Bristol Bay Borough, Alaska = = = +Bristol Bay Borough is a borough in the U.S. state of Alaska on Bristol Bay or Iilgayaq Bay. As of the 2020 census, the population was 844. The borough seat is Naknek. + += = = Denali Borough, Alaska = = = +The Denali Borough is a borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,619. The borough seat is Healy. + += = = Addison County, Vermont = = = +Addison County is a county in Vermont in the United States. At the 2020 census, 37,363 people lived there. Its shire town (county seat) is Middlebury. + += = = Eddy County = = = +Eddy County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Eddy County, New Mexico = = = +Eddy County is a county in the state of New Mexico in the United States. As of the 2020 census, 62,314 people lived there. The county seat is Carlsbad. + += = = Chris Geere = = = +Christopher William Geere (born 18 March 1981) is an English actor. He has performed in many films and television programs. These include "You're The Worst", "Waterloo Road", "After Earth", "Casualty" and "The Bill". + += = = Morten Grunwald = = = +Walter Morten Grunwald (9 December 1934 – 14 November 2018) was a Danish actor, stage director and theatre manager. He was born in Odense, Denmark. Grunwald made his debut in "En blandt mange" in 1961. From 1961 until his death, he was married to actress Lily Weiding. He was known for his role as one the lead roles in the popular series of "Olsen Gang" movies. +Grunwald retired in 2017. In October 2018, Grunwald was diagnosed with terminal thyroid cancer. He died a month later on 14 November 2018 in Hellerup, Denmark, aged 83. + += = = Lily Weiding = = = +Lily Weiding (22 October 1924 – 15 June 2021) is a Danish actress. She has appeared in 31 movies and television shows from 1942 until her retirement in 2008/ Weiding was born in Copenhagen. She starred in the movie "Be Dear to Me", which was entered into the 7th Berlin International Film Festival. From 1961 until his death in 2018, she was married to actor Morten Grunwald. +Her other well known movie roles were "Tyrannens fald" (1942), "Lady with the Light Gloves" (1942), "De kloge og vi gale" (1945), "Tre må man være" (1959) and "Martha" (1967). + += = = Camp Fire (2018) = = = +The Camp Fire is the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in California history. It was named after Camp Creek Road, where the fire began. The fire started on November 8, 2018, in Butte County, in Northern California. +The fire expanded due to strong winds. By the morning of November 15, it had caused the deaths of 77 people, injured three firefighters, covered an area of about , and had destroyed over 8,700 residences in addition to commercial buildings and other structures. Most of the damage occurred within the first two days of the fire.<ref name="Afzal_11/9/2018"></ref> +Within the first day, the Camp Fire had destroyed the community of Concow and the town of Paradise. It burned homes, businesses, churches, a hospital, schools, and a rest home. It destroyed a bridge that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. +Only 1,500 of the 27,000 inhabitants were still living in Paradise in 2019. + += = = Karl Davis = = = +Karl Davis (born January 17, 1962 in Brooklyn, NY – May 2, 1987) was an African-American fashion designer once called one of New York's most promising young designers. Davis' had six major collections, the last shown at Manhattan restaurant Caffe Roma. +Beginnings. +"Karl Davis" “Designer Files” archival materials at Fashion Institute of Technology’s research library reveal that during his teen years Davis was taught by a friend’s mother how to operate a sewing machine, and that when he was fifteen years old, he for the first time made classic, pleated slacks for himself. Davis graduated from high school in August 1980. At age 17, he left Brooklyn and began designing. +Davis attended New York’s Fashion Institute of Technology for only one semester - six months - and while there studied pattern making. He then worked as an assistant to Carol Fertig and, too, as a freelance design assistant to Bill Blass. It was while Davis was working as design assistant that he sold first styles to Henri Bendel. +During 1984, Davis established his own collection. Initially, he was financed by his supportive, fashionable mother - Rose. +Fashion Designer. +Though brief – from age 17 until shortly before his death at age 25 – Karl Davis experienced a career highly praised and of impressive achievement +"Newsweek" (10 August 1987) observed that Davis created an exclusive line of classic women’s clothing, which "New York Newsday" (4 May 1986) described as grown-up clothes not for those on a tight budget. +"New York Magazine" {17 September 1987} stated that ladies dressed in Davis-designed wardrobes would look “strong, confident, and elegant – not to mention, in many instances, frankly sexy”. +Fashion columnists of the "Dallas Morning News" (18 December 1985) reported that Davis’s work was strongly influenced by the great masters of couture, but that he managed to move forward adding his own signature of modern minimalism. The columnists, too, observed that Davis's approach to fashion and to his business were in remarkable contrast to his age. +"Taxi" (November 1986) commented that being young and having no financial backing did not intimidate Davis from creating couture clothing of the highest level; that respect should be paid to him and fashion magazine should acknowledge him and take the initiative to put him on the map; and also that a lady dressed in Davis’s clothes would not only be taken seriously, but would be praised for her good taste and silent elegance - daring to detach herself from the uniforms of a working machine. "Taxi" quoted Davis: “I love what I’m doing – making women look like women again! The lady I sell to is dressed femininely and still gains respect on a business level.” "Taxi" further observed that a customer from Henri Bendel would never suspect that the dress she just purchased was from a young designer who supported himself by making bagel sandwiches in a downtown coffee shop. +True, Davis did prepare sandwiches at “Tamala Designs With Bagel” [153 Prince Street], a SoHo clothing store with food counter in the back owned by Aggie Markowitz who reflected "[Karl] was an integral part of the downtown fashion mafia. He gave fashion commentary while he sort of made bagel sandwiches. The commentary usually came faster than the food". +"Taxi" (November 1986) quoted Davis: “Most people would rather spend money on flashy clothes that scream and spell ‘expensive’, rather than purchasing understated elegant garments". +"Prêt" (May 1986) said Davis was beginning to shake up the New York fashion scene with his elegant, dramatic cuts and sophisticated sense of style, that his designs were Inspired by the looks of Dior, Balenciaga and Chanel; and that he took a modern approach to the values and attitudes of Haute Couture and reinvented them for a new, younger generation. "Prêt" additionally observed that Davis chose to work with very basic shapes and inject something hidden or unexpected into them which he described as “classic with a twist”; that he focused primarily on playing up and enhancing the feminine form; and that to further emphasize his attention to shape, he - with a keen focus on the waist and hips for both day and evening wear - tended to stay away from loud prints and patterns and designs. +During December 1985, Davis found a backer and also was able to travel to Europe – both having significant impact on his May 1986 showing “Karl Davis Fall 1986 Collection”. +"New York Newsday" (24 August 1986) declared Davis to be “New York’s new crown prince of near couture”. +"Karl Davis" designs - priced at $80 to $500 wholesale - were sold In New York at Henri Bendel [which continued to be his major outlet], Bergdorf Goodman, Grand Hotel, Le Piccole, and Suzie's [Great Neck, NY]; in Dallas and Houston at Neiman Marcus; and in San Francisco at I. Magnin. Davis also created clothes for private clients. +Karl Davis continued designing until April 1987 – the month before his death. +Fashion Shows. +22 April 1984: [Davis's] Fall Collection shown during "New American Designers Show" at Club Area [157 Hudson Street] which fashion-commentator Tavy Stone reported to be "real clothes . . . good stuff" in her "Detroit News" (29 April 1984) "What's New" column. +Fall 1984: Designs shown during fashion presentation at Visage Discotheque [610 W. 56 Street] +14 January 1985: "Spring/Summer 1985 is Karl Davis" at Parsons School of Design [Seventh Avenue @ 40th Street] +5 August 1985: "Fall/Holiday '85 Collection" (“Karl Davis Presents Haute Couture R.T.W. ‘85”) shown at White Columns [325 Spring Street] which was video-recorded in its entirety along with a post-show interview of Davis by Cable News Network's "Style with Elsa Klensch". +6 November 1985: [Davis's] designs shown during "Fashion Aid" benefit for Ethiopian famine relief at Palladium Discotheque [126 E. 14th Street] which was video-recorded by Ohlmeyer Communications Companies and from which the "New York Times" cited Davis's white crepe de chine gown, +1 May 1986: “Karl Davis Fall 1986 Collection” – his sixth and last formal collection - shown at Caffe Roma, a Manhattan restaurant [3 W. 18th Street] +Personal Style. +In her [Japanese] "Mr. High Fashion" (September 1986) feature article “Karl Davis: A New, Up-and-Coming Designer Who Enjoys Dressing Up”, columnist Yoko Hamada wrote concerning Davis’s stylish way of dressing that “Although many designers dress well, it hard to find someone who loves dressing up as much as Karl. He is very fond of fashion: it’s as if he was born to enjoy wearing clothes. The clothes he wears are not shockingly avant-garde or showy. Karl is a unique dresser whose taste is classic, as well as modern, neat and refined. He creates his tasteful and sophisticated look by skillfully combining brand name clothes, antiques, and ordinary garments.” +True to his nature, Davis in1980 was voted “Best Dressed Male” of his George-Wingate-High-School [Brooklyn, NY] graduating class. +Illness and Death. +On 2 May 1987, Karl Davis died of pneumonia at Brookdale Hospital Medical Center in Brooklyn, NY. Davis’s death was due to complications from HIV/AIDS. Along with fellow-designers Perry Ellis, Chester Weinberg, Willi Smith, Tracy Mills and Mark Pennywell, reporter Carol Hymowitz in her "Wall Street Journal" (8 December 1987) article "Designer Deaths: AIDS Is Decimating The Fashion Business . . ." cites ", , , budding talent Karl Davis, who created a line of classic women's clothing . . ." as among the enormous toll of other talents in the fashion business succumbing to an alarming surge in HIV/AIDS-related casualties. +Funeral services for Davis were held 7 May 1987 at St. Mary’s Church of Christ in Brooklyn, NY, followed by interment also in Brooklyn at Cypress Hills Cemetery. +Karl Davis was survived by his parents, Rose and Lembert Davis of Brooklyn, and three sisters, Jackie and Robin, both of Brooklyn, and Andora Boyd of Virginia. + += = = Concow, California = = = +Concow (formerly, Con Cow) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Butte County, California, United States. Concow was overtaken by the Camp Fire in November 2018, which destroyed the community. In 2010, 710 people lived there, but this was down to 402 people in 2020. + += = = Roy Clark = = = +Roy Linwood Clark (April 15, 1933 – November 15, 2018) was an American country singer-songwriter, actor, guitarist and television presenter. He was best known for having hosted "Hee Haw" from 1969 to 1997. He also guest hosted for Johnny Carson on "The Tonight Show". His best known song was "Yesterday, When I Was Young". +He was a member of the Grand Ole Opry from 1987 until his death, and, in 2009, was added into the Country Music Hall of Fame. Clark was born in Meherrin, Virginia. +Clark died on November 15, 2018 in Tulsa, Oklahoma from complications of pneumonia at the age of 85. + += = = Meherrin, Virginia = = = +Meherrin is a small unincorporated community in Lunenburg and Prince Edward counties in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is about 18.6 miles by road south of Farmville. In 2020, the population of its ZIP code was 2,030. + += = = Dyango = = = +José Gómez Romero, artistically known as Dyango (born March 5, 1940), nicknamed "The Voice of Love", is a Spanish musician and singer-songwriter. He was born in Barcelona. His songs were romantic music. He is widely known as one of the most romantic Spanish singers, and one of the best performers on the international level. +In 2013 Dyango participated in the Concert for Freedom, held at Camp Nou in Barcelona on June 29, 2013. That same year, Dyango published the disc "The singer", an album of romantic cut that describes his own life. On September 7, 2013, he announced his retirement from the long American tours, not from music or from the concerts. + += = = Steve Aoki = = = +Steven Hiroyuki Aoki (; born November 30, 1977) is an American DJ and music producer. He was born in Miami, Florida. +In 2012, Pollstar said that Aoki is the highest grossing dance artist in North America from tours. He worked with artists such as Will.i.am, Afrojack, LMFAO, Linkin Park, Iggy Azalea, Lil Jon, Laidback Luke, BTS, Louis Tomlinson, Rise Against, Vini Vici and Fall Out Boy. +Aoki is known for his remixes of artists such as Kid Cudi. Aoki has released several "Billboard"-charting studio albums as well, such as "Wonderland". + += = = Miguel Bosé = = = +Luis Miguel González Bosé (born April 3, 1956), usually known as Miguel Bosé, is a Panamanian-born Spanish pop new wave singer and actor. He was born in Panama City. He is known for his albums "Papito" and "Papitwo". His mother was Italian actress and model Lucia Bosè. +Bosé was honoured as the Latin Recording Academy Person of the Year on November 20, 2013. + += = = Ulf Kristersson = = = +Ulf Hjalmar Kristersson (born 29 December 1963) is a Swedish Moderate Party politician. In 2022, he became the Prime Minister of Sweden. He is the Leader of the Moderate Party since October 2017. He has been a Member of the Riksdag (MP) for Södermanland County since 2014. He also was the country's Minister for Social Security from 2010 to 2014 and Chairman of the Moderate Youth League from 1988 to 1992. From 2017 to 2022, he was the Leader of the Opposition. +In September 2018, incumbent Prime Minister Stefan Löfven was ousted. Kristersson expressed hope of becoming the next PM. On 14 November, 2018 the Riksdag rejected Kristersson's bid to become the prime minister by a vote of 195 to 154. It first time ever that a speaker proposal for a prime minister lost such a vote. +Since the 2018 election, the Moderate Party under his leadership opened up to the Sweden Democrats, and by late 2021 had formed an informal right-wing alliance with them and two centre-right parties of the dissolved Alliance. +In the 2022 election, the right-wing bloc won a majority in the Riksdag, which caused Kristersson's election as Prime Minister on 17 October 2022. + += = = I Like It (Cardi B, Bad Bunny and J Balvin song) = = = +"I Like It" is a song recorded by American singer Cardi B, Puerto Rican recording artist Bad Bunny and Colombian singer J Balvin for her debut studio album "Invasion of Privacy" (2018). It was released on May 25, 2018. +"I Like It" was written by the three performers along with Jordan Thorpe and Klenord Raphael. The song was produced by J. White, Tainy, Craig Kallman and Invincible. The Latin trap song is a trap-salsa beat. It is slightly inspired by Pete Rodriguez's song "I Like It Like That". +The single topped the US "Billboard" Hot 100, becoming Cardi B's second number one, the most for a female rapper in the chart's history. It also reached the top 10 in Canada, New Zealand, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. + += = = Gary Clarke = = = +Gary Clarke (born Clarke Frederick L'Amoreaux; August 16, 1933) is an American actor. He was born in Los Angeles, California. He is best known for his role as Steve Hill in the NBC western television series "The Virginian". + += = = Brookhaven, Mississippi = = = +Brookhaven ( ) is a small city in Lincoln County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 11,674 at the 2020 U.S. Census. It is the county seat of Lincoln County. + += = = Shawnee = = = +The Shawnee people are a Native American tribe that originated in Tennessee. They are part of the Northeast Woodlands. +History. +1800s. +On November 7, 1825, a treaty was signed to move the Shawnee people from Ohio to Kansas. +Federal recognition. +In 2000 the "Loyal" or "Cherokee" Shawnee were recognized as being different from the Cherokee Nation. They are now known as the "Shawnee Tribe". +Language. +The Shawnee language, an Algonquian language, was spoken by 200 people in 2002, including over 100 Absentee Shawnee and 12 Loyal Shawnee speakers. The language is written in the Latin script. It has a dictionary and parts of the Bible were translated into Shawnee. +Famous leaders. +A famous leader of the Shawnee tribe is Tecumseh. + += = = Constitution of North Korea = = = +The Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is the constitution of North Korea. It tells how the government should work and that the socialist Workers' Party of Korea is the only political party. The constitution has 166 articles which are in three sections. The first constitution was made in North Korea in 1948. The current constitution was made in 1972. + += = = Pakistan International Airlines Flight 740 = = = +Pakistan International Airlines Flight 740 was a Hajj pilgrimage flight of Pakistan International Airlines from Kano, Nigeria to Karachi, Pakistan with a stop in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. On 26 November 1979, the Boeing 707-340C serving the route crashed shortly after takeoff from Jeddah International Airport. All 156 people on board died. Before the crash, the pilot radioed a request to return to Jeddah because smoke was coming into the cabin and cockpit. 15 minutes later, Jeddah control tower heard the pilot shout "Mayday! Mayday!" before the radio went silent. The cause of the crash was a fire. +The crash is the third worst plane crash in Saudi Arabia and also the third worst crash of a Boeing 707. + += = = William Wilson (short story) = = = +William Wilson is a short story written by Edgar Allan Poe in 1839. +The theme is doppelganger. The narrator is a dying man of "a noble descent" who choses not to embody a record of his later years of unspeakable misery, and unpardonable crime-he calls himself William Wilson because, although denouncing his profligate past, he does not accept full blame for his actions, saying that "man was never thus ... tempted before". and tells the story of how he "Fell" from "grace":Years before while attending a school in england Another boy at his school looks and acts like himself, and was even born on the same day, January 19th (Poe's actual birth day) 1813. Angered at being given "good" advice William steals into the boy bedroom but is shocked to find his double now resembles himself; he runs away from the school in horror.The first Wilson goes to the bad in life, but is haunted by his good double. After being subject to admonished at Eaton [while preparing to give a profane oath at a drinking party] and his honor destroyed at Oxford [where he is exposed at trying to cheat at cards], William is haunted by his double in subsequent years, who thwarts plans described by William as driven by ambition [in Rome], revenge [in Paris], passionate Love [in Naples], and avarice [In Egypt] and even follows him to other cities [Vienna, Berlin, Moscow]. One thing William cannot understand is that while no one knows anything about his double, his double always seems to know everything about William. At Carnival time in Rome William prepares to seduce the not unwilling young wife of a elderly nobleman. When his double appears the enraged William drags his double into a anterooom and challenges him to a sword duel where he kills the double. Distracted for a second he finds instead his double a mirror Reflected at him, he sees "mine own image, but with features all pale and dabbled in blood": apparently the dead double, "but he spoke no longer in a whisper". The narrator feels as if he is pronouncing the words: "You have conquered, and I yield. Yet, henceforward art thou also dead—dead to the World, to Heaven, and to hope! In me didst thou exist—and, in my death, see by this image, which is thine own, how utterly thou hast murdered thyself. +Poe later admitted he had got the idea from a previous story by Washington Irving about a character who kills his double. + += = = Chinese postal romanization = = = +Chinese postal romanization was the old way of spelling Chinese place names in the Roman alphabet until the 1980s, when Hanyu Pinyin became the standard way for writing Chinese in the Roman alphabet worldwide. While mainland China uses only Hanyu Pinyin for almost all Chinese place names, Taiwan still uses Chinese postal romanization to spell their cities' names, like Taipei, Taichung, and Kaohsiung. In this system, there are no apostrophes, dashes, or tone markers. + += = = William Goldman = = = +William Goldman (August 12, 1931 – November 16, 2018) was an American novelist, playwright, and screenwriter. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He won two Academy Awards for his screenplays for "Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid" (1969) and again for "All the President's Men" (1976). +His other written works include his thriller novel "Marathon Man" and comedy-fantasy novel "The Princess Bride", both of which Goldman made into a movie. +Goldman died in New York City on November 16, 2018 from pneumonia complicated by colon cancer, aged 87. + += = = Cristy Lane = = = +Eleanor Johnston (born January 8, 1940), known by her stage name Cristy Lane, is an American country and gospel singer. She is best known for having major country hit songs in the late 1970s and early 1980s. One of her hits was the cover version of "One Day at a Time" (1979). +Lane's song "One Day at a Time" was her biggest hit. She later had a Top 20 hit in 1981 with her cover of ABBA's "I Have a Dream". +In the late 1980s, Lane revived her career by opening her own theater, The Cristy Lane Theatre, in Branson, Missouri. +Lane was born in Peoria, Illinois. + += = = Zhores Medvedev = = = +Zhores Aleksandrovich Medvedev (; 14 November 1925 – 15 November 2018) was a Russian agronomist, biologist, historian and dissident. His twin brother is the historian Roy Medvedev. He was born in Tbilisi, Georgia. Medvedev published about 170 research papers and reviews, about sixty of them during his time in London. In 1973 he was one of the signers of the Humanist Manifesto. +Medvedev exposed the Kyshtym nuclear disaster, which happened at Mayak near Kyshtym, Ozyorsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast in the Urals in 1957. He published the book "The Nuclear Disaster in the Urals" in 1979. He and his brother Roy were forced to move to London. The two also coauthored "Khrushchev: The Years in Power" (1978) and several other books, the last one "The Unknown Stalin" (2007). +Medvedev died in London on 15 November 2018 of a heart attack, one day after his 93rd birthday, with his family by his side. + += = = Roy Medvedev = = = +Roy Aleksandrovich Medvedev (; born 14 November 1925) is a Russian political writer. He was an author of the dissident history of Stalinism. His best known work, "Let History Judge" (), first published in English in 1972. Medvedev was born in Tbilisi, Georgia. +His twin brother was biologist and Russian dissident Zhores Medvedev. +Medvedev rejoined the Communist Party in 1989, after Mikhail Gorbachev launched his perestroika and glasnost program. He was elected to the Soviet Union's Congress of People's Deputies and was named as member of the Supreme Soviet. + += = = Luigi Rossi di Montelera = = = +Luigi Rossi di Montelera (14 May 1946 – 15 November 2018) was an Italian company manager and politician. He was a member of the Christian Democracy. Rossi di Montelera was born in Turin, Italy. He was a member of the Member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1976 to 1992. +He was also a businessman who managed Martini & Rossi, while between 1995 and 2008 he was president of the Bacardi-Martini company. +Rossi di Montelera was kidnapped by a group of bandits of the Corleonesi Mafia clan, led by Luciano Leggio, and held as a prisoner in the bunker of a farmhouse in Treviglio, near Bergamo. He was freed by the agents of the Guardia di Finanza on 14 March 1974. +Rossi di Montelera died of a heart attack on 15 November 2018, at the age of 72, while he was in Aosta, Italy. + += = = Aldyr Schlee = = = +Aldyr Garcia Schlee (November 22, 1934 – November 15, 2018) was a Brazilian writer, journalist, translator, illustrator and professor. He was born in Jaguarão, Portugal. In 1953 Schlee designed the world-famous Brazil national football team jersey "Camisa Canarinho". +He was the author of various short stories and his work has been included in a number of anthologies. Some of his books first appeared in Spanish and were published in Uruguay. +Schlee died on November 15, 2018 in Lisbon at the age of 83. + += = = Korean Air Flight 803 = = = +On 27 July 1989, a Korean Air DC-10 crashed while attempting to land in Tripoli, Libya. 75 of the 199 passengers and crew on board plus 4 persons on the ground were killed in the crash. +Accident. +Flight 803 was a scheduled International passenger service from Seoul, South Korea to Tripoli, Libya with intermediate stops in Bangkok, Thailand and Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. On the final approach to Tripoli, the aircraft crashed into an orchard about 1.5 miles short of the runway 27. The weather at the time of the crash consisted of heavy fog and visibility was between 100 and 800 feet. +Korean Air Flight 803 was the second aviation disaster involving a DC-10 in less than two weeks. United Airlines Flight 232 had crashed on 19 July 1989 while attempting an emergency landing in Sioux City, Iowa with 111 of the 296 people on board losing their lives. +Daewoo and Donga had multiple employees, working at construction sites of those companies' facilities, on board; they were South Korean citizens. +There were 190 South Koreans, including seven Libyans, and three Japanese nationals. +Aftermath. +After the crash Flight 803's pilot Kim Ho-jung was quoted as saying - "The airport was shrouded in dense fog and visibility was poor when I approached. I lost contact with the control tower for 15 minutes before the crash." Libya's official news agency JANA reported that a Soviet airliner one hour before Flight 803 had rerouted to Malta rather than land in the fog. Also the instrument landing system at Tripoli International Airport wasn't working at the time of the crash. +A Libyan court found the pilot and co-pilot guilty of neglect in December 1990. They were given prison sentences of two years and eighteen months respectively. In the case of the co-pilot the sentence was suspended. +Cause. +The cause of the crash was determined to be crew error in attempting a descent below decision height without the runway environment in sight. + += = = Grandma Got Run Over by a Reindeer = = = +"Grandma Got Run Over by a Reindeer" is a humorous Christmas song. It was originally performed by husband and wife Elmo and Patsy Trigg Shropshire in 1979. It was released again in later years. It sold over 11 million copies. +On the Edison Media Research and Pinnacle Media Worldwide lists, the song was both liked and disliked. The results were reported in 2007. +There have been several parodies and cover versions of this song. +Story. +In the lyrics, a grandmother is celebrating at a Christmas Eve party with her family. Against what everyone tells her, she goes outside into a blizzard while drunk on eggnog after she forgets her medication. She is found the next day, trampled over by Santa Claus and his reindeer. +The family wonder if all the gifts they bought for Grandma should be sent back. The answer is a strong yes. +Grandpa is unaffected by his wife's "death". He drinks beer, watches football and plays cards with Cousin Mel. +Video. +In the music video, Elmo plays both Grandpa and Grandma. Patsy plays Cousin Mel. Grandma survives the attack and comes back through the chimney. +Also in the music video, Grandma says that a driver's license should "never" be given to a man who drives a sleigh and plays with elves. + += = = St. Francis River = = = +St. Francis River is a river that feeds into the Mississippi River. It is about long, and is located in southeastern Missouri and northeastern Arkansas in the United States. +The river drains a mostly rural area and forms part of the Missouri-Arkansas state line along the western side of the Missouri Bootheel. + += = = Waterloo Road (TV series) = = = +Waterloo Road is a British television drama series set in a comprehensive school of the same name, broadcast on BBC One and later on BBC Three. The show is set in the Northern English town of Rochdale, Greater Manchester from series one until the end of series seven, and the Scottish town of Greenock from the beginning of series eight until the end of the show in series ten. The first episode was broadcast on BBC One on 9 March 2006 and the final episode on BBC Three on 9 March 2015. +"Waterloo Road" ran for 200 episodes and exactly nine years. In September 2019, the series was made available on BBC iPlayer. In September 2021, the BBC recommissioned the show for an eleventh series, with production returning to the Greater Manchester area. +The revival series started airing on 3 January 2023. +Synopsis. +Set in a failing comprehensive school in Rochdale, the series focuses on the life's of the teachers and pupils who are at the school. + += = = List of Waterloo Road characters = = = +This article lists the characters and the actors who played them in the BBC One school-based drama series "Waterloo Road". The longest-running cast members were Philip Martin Brown (Grantly Budgen), Jason Done (Tom Clarkson), Chelsee Healey (Janeece Bryant) and Denise Welch (Steph Haydock), who appeared from series 1 until their exits in series 9 for Brown, 8 for Done and Healey, and 6 for Welch, respectively. Healey was not in series 5, however. Healey also returned for a guest appearance in series 11. The longest-serving headteacher was Rachel Mason, who was played by Eva Pope from series 3 until her exit in series 5. +Overview. +Pupils. +Note: Some pupils have returned to the show in a staffing position or a guest compacity. + += = = List of Waterloo Road episodes = = = +Waterloo Road is a British school-based television drama series that was originally broadcast in the United Kingdom between 9 March 2006 and 9 March 2015, and later revived in a new series that began airing on 3 January 2023. +Series overview. +<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> + += = = Tullus Hostilius = = = +Tullus Hostilius was the legendary third king of Rome. He succeeded Numa Pompilius. He was one of the six Etruscan kings that ruled Rome. He ruled from 673 to 642 BC. Unlike his predecessor, he was known to be a warlike king. He was the grandson of Hostus Hostilius, who had fought with Romulus and died during the Sabine invasion of Rome. His successor was Ancus Marcius. + += = = Montgomery, Louisiana = = = +Montgomery is a small town in Grant Parish, Louisiana, United States. + += = = Plain Dealing, Louisiana = = = +Plain Dealing is a town in Bossier Parish, Louisiana. The population was 893 at the 2020 census. +History. +In 1839, George Oglethorpe Gilmer and his son bought 5,000 acres of this land here from the United States government. They called some of this land "Plain Dealing" after the their family's Virginia plantation. The "Plain Dealing" name became official when the town was founded on April 24, 1890. + += = = Trevor Howard = = = +Trevor Wallace Howard-Smith (29 September 1913 – 7 January 1988) was an English actor. He was born in Cliftonville, Kent. He was known for his roles in "Brief Encounter" (1945), followed by "The Third Man" (1949). He studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. +He declined a CBE in 1982. He won a BAFTA Award in 1959 and an Emmy Award in 1963. +Howard died on 7 January 1988 from liver failure complicated by cirrhosis in Arkley, Barnet, aged 74. + += = = Shane Rimmer = = = +Shane Rimmer (born Shane Lance Deacon; 28 May 1929 – 29 March 2019) was a Canadian actor and screenwriter. He was born in Toronto, Ontario. He was known for providing the voice of Scott Tracy in the British television series "Thunderbirds" (1965–66). +His movie appearances include "Dr. Strangelove" (1964), "Rollerball" (1975), "The Spy Who Loved Me" (1977), "Gandhi" (1982), "Out of Africa" (1985), "Crusoe" (1989), "Spy Game" (2001) and "Batman Begins" (2005). +Rimmer died on 29 March 2019 in Potters Bar, Hertfordshire at the age of 89. + += = = Shriram Lagoo = = = +Shriram Lagoo (16 November 1927 – 17 December 2019) was an Indian actor. He was known for his character roles in movies. He acted in over 100 Hindi and Marathi movies. He won the 1978 Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award for the Hindi movie "Gharaonda". He also starred in the movie "Gandhi". +Lagoo died at a hospital in Pune of cardiac arrest on 17 December 2019 at the age of 92. + += = = Terrence Hardiman = = = +Terrence Hardiman (6 April 1937 – 8 May 2023) was an English actor. He was best known for playing "The Demon Headmaster" and also for his role as Luftwaffe Police Major Reinhardt in the 1970s drama series "Secret Army". He also starred in the movie "Gandhi". Hardiman was born in Forest Gate, Essex. +Hardiman died on 8 May 2023 at the age of 86. + += = = John Briley = = = +John Richard Briley (June 25, 1925 – December 14, 2019) was an American screenwriter. He was best known for screenplays of biographical movies. He won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay at the 1982 Oscars for "Gandhi". +He died on December 14, 2019, aged 94. + += = = Billy Williams (cinematographer) = = = +Billy Williams OBE, BSC (born 3 June 1929) is a British cinematographer. He was born in London. +Williams won the Academy Award for Best Cinematography for his work on the movie "Gandhi" (1982). He is also known for his works on the movies "Women in Love" (1969) and "On Golden Pond" (1981). He worked in the RAF as a photographer. After leaving the RAF, he got a job with British Transport Films (BTF), filming all forms of transportation. +Williams retired on January 1, 1996. He was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2009 Birthday Honours. + += = = Alyque Padamsee = = = +Alyque Padamsee (5 March 1928 – 17 November 2018) was an Indian actor. He was born in Gujarat, India. He is probably best known in the English-speaking world for playing Muhammad Ali Jinnah in the movie "Gandhi". In 2000, he was awarded the Padma Shri. +Padamsee died on 17 November 2018 from a long-illness at the age of 90. + += = = Ju Wenjun = = = +Ju Wenjun (; born 31 January 1991) is a Chinese chess grandmaster. She is the current Women's World Chess Champion. She was born in Shanghai. +In December 2004, Ju Wenjun placed third in the Asian Women's Chess Championship in Beirut. This result qualified her to play in her first Women's World Chess Championship in 2006. She competed in this event also in 2008, 2010, 2012, 2015 and 2017. + += = = Carrie Nye = = = +Carolyn Nye McGeoy (October 14, 1936 – July 14, 2006), known professionally as Carrie Nye, was an American actress. She was nominated for a Tony Award in 1965, a Primetime Emmy Award in 1980, and a Drama Desk Award in 1981. She was known for her roles in "The Group" (1966), "The Seduction of Joe Tynan" (1979), "Creepshow" (1982), "Too Scared to Scream" (1985), and "Hello Again" (1987). +Nye was born in Greenwood, Mississippi. She studied at Yale University. She was married to Dick Cavett from 1964 until her death in 2006. They had no children. +Nye died on July 14, 2006 in Manhattan, New York from lung cancer at the age of 69. + += = = Chlorella = = = +Chlorella is a genus of single-cell green algae. It is in the division Chlorophyta. It is microscopic in size and round in shape. +"Chlorella" has in its body two green color substances: "chlorophyll-a" and "chlorophyll b." It uses photosynthesis, similar to plants which also have chlorophyll. It multiplies rapidly, needing only carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, and a small amount of minerals to reproduce. +Many people believe "Chlorella" can serve as a possible source of food and energy. This is because its photosynthesis process can, in theory, reach 8% efficiency. This is even better than that of other highly efficient crops such as sugar cane, which are already being used for food and energy. +In 1961, Melvin Calvin of the University of California received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research on the pathways of carbon dioxide assimilation using "Chlorella". +Chlorella reproduce asexually by aplanospores. A single chlorellon cell produces at least 16 non-motile aplanospores and each one of them matures into an individual unicellular alga (chlorellon) under favourable conditions. There are no any reports of sexual reproduction in Chlorella. + += = = Bully (disambiguation) = = = +Bully may refer to: + += = = Arirang = = = +"Arirang" (; ) is a Korean folk song. It is sometimes thought of as the unofficial national anthem of Korea. There are almost 3,600 variations for 60 versions of the song. All of these have a part of the song similar to "Arirang, arirang, arariyo ()". People think that the song is almost 600 years old. +"Arirang" is on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage list two times. This is because both South Korea and North Korea submitted the song for being included on the list. It was submitted by South Korea in 2012 and then by North Korea in 2014. The South Korean Cultural Heritage Administration added the song to its list of important intangible cultural assets in 2015. +History. +Origin. +People think that "Arirang" came from Jeongseon in the Gangwon Province of South Korea. According to a legend, the song came from the story of a man and a woman who fell in love. This was while they were picking camellia flowers. In one version of the story, the man can't cross the Auraji river because the water is too high. Because of this, they sing a song to show how sorrowful they were. In the second version of the story, the man tries to cross the Auraji and drowns. In that version, he sings the song after he dies. +Another theory says that the song came from Lady Aryeong. It says that "arin" came from the Jurchen word for "hometown" and a Chinese song called "Airang." + += = = Time in Morocco = = = +Morocco uses Central European Time (CET) () all year round since 26 October 2018. The country used to observe daylight saving time (DST). +Daylight saving time. +Morocco first used DST in 1939 and 1940 and again in 1950. It returned in 1967 but was abandoned after that and returned in 1974 and was observed until 1978. After that, Morocco used Western European Time (WET) (UTC+00:00) all year round. In 1984, Morocco changed to Central European Time (CET) (UTC+01:00) and returned to WET in 1986. +In 2008, Morocco once again started using daylight saving time. DST in 2008 started on Sunday 1 June and ended on Monday 1 September. In 2009, it started on Monday 1 June and ended on Friday 21 August. In 2010, DST started on 2 May and ended on 8 August, and in 2011 it started on Sunday 3 April and ended on Sunday 31 July. +In 2012, Morocco changed the rules for DST as it started on the last Sunday in April with a pause during Ramadan, and ending on the last Sunday in September. In 2013, the end of DST shifted to the last Sunday of October and adopted the European daylight saving schedule. +In 2018, Morocco stopped using summer time and moved to Central European Time (CET) (UTC+01:00) all year round. This is the first time Morocco has used CET since 1984. + += = = Waterloo Road = = = +Waterloo Road may mean: + += = = Xuanwu Lake = = = +Xuanwu Lake is a lake in Xuanwu District in Nanjing, China. It is surrounded by a park. Local visitors and foreign tourists often visit the Xuanwu Lake. +The lake's area is about 5.02 square kilometers or 1.94square miles, making it the largest former imperial garden lake in China. +History. +Dating back to the Qin family of rulers, Xuanwu Lake has a history of about 2,300 years. It was one of the emperor's gardens during the Six Dynasties part of China's history and again under the Ming rulers. +Getting there. +The lake and its park are open from 6 to 9. There is a Nanjing Subway station nearby and several bus stops. + += = = Tree-kangaroo = = = +Tree-kangaroos are marsupials who live in trees. They are like kangaroos, but much smaller. + += = = Faunus (mythology) = = = +Faunus ([fau�nʊs]) was the horned god of the forest, plains, horned animals, and fields in Roman mythology. When he made cattle fertile he was called Inuus. Many of his characteristics are similar to the Greek god Pan. + += = = Sun Yat-sen's Tomb = = = +Sun Yat-sen's Tomb is the tomb (place for the dead body) of Sun Yat-sen and a large park around the tomb. It is a scenic spot and historical site in Nanjing, China.A mausoleum is a building used to store the remains of people who have died. Instead of being buried in soil, like in a cemetery, they are placed in chambers behind walls, or in a vault under the floor. The word came from the name of an ancient king.Sun yat sun is a leader of China.You can go to there by bus Route254,324. +Name. +Sun Yat-sen's tomb is so big that it is also called . (A mausoleum is a tomb so big that it is like a palace.) +History. +Sun Yat-sen was a famous leader of China. He changed China's political system. After he died, the Chinese government made him this tomb. + += = = Hongshan Forest Zoo = = = +Hongshan Forest Zoo (), “The Red Mount Forest Zoo” is a zoo in Suanwu District, Nanjing. It covers about 1026 acres. It was built in 1998. It is a national AAAA tourist attraction. +85% of the mountain area of the zoo is covered with a forest. +For adults, the price is 40 yuan, but for children, the price is 20 yuan. It is open from 7:30 to 16:30. +Organisms. +The park is divided into areas for birds, animals, herbivores and primates exhibition area, Amphibian and reptile hall and other major animal exhibition spots, gathering more than 3000 rare animals of more than 280 kinds from all over the world. It has some very rare animals like Elephas maximus, white tiger, mandrill, and some first class nationally protected animals such as ring-tailed lemurs, chimpanzees, chromotropic pythons, amur tigers, Yangtze alligators. and penguins. It has government-protected animals: giant and red pandas, golden and black-leafed monkeys, gibbons, red-crowned cranes, manchurian tigers, green peacocks, and alligators. There are also Asian elephants, giraffes, zebras, kangaroos, leopards, and other rare animals. Among the 20 kinds of birds are grey and blue magpies,and parrots. + += = = Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders = = = +The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders is a museum about the 1937–1938 Nanjing Massacre in Nanjing, China. It is also known as the Nanjing Massacre Museum, or the because it is also a memorial hall to remember the many Chinese people who were killed during the massacre by the Imperial Japanese Army. +The museum covers a total area of 103,000 square meters, with a building area of 57,000 square meters and the exhibition area of 20,000 square meters. It is a "National First-Class Museum" built on the site of the Jiangdong Gate mass murder in the Nanjing Massacre. Since its official opening on August 15, 1985, the museum has received more than 90 million viewers from over 100 countries and regions by the end of 2017. +History. +Nanjing (then spelled "Nanking" in English) was China's capital city during the 1920s and 1930s. At that time, Japan was an empire that included Korea and Taiwan. During the 1930s, Japan started the Second Sino-Japanese War and tried to take over all of China. This became part of World War II, as Japan's friend Germany took over Poland and Italy joined their wars and started some of its own. When the Japanese army got to Nanjing in December 1937 and January 1938, it did not only fight the Chinese army; it also killed many other people who were not fighting at all. It also committed many, many war crimes against the people in the city. It is even hard to count how many people were killed or hurt in all, because the Japanese treated the bodies and the people so badly. The Chinese government says 300,000 people were killed and more were hurt. +To remember the people who were killed and hurt and to fight Japanese people who say nothing very bad happened in Nanjing, the city government built the Nanjing Massacre Museum in 1985. In 1995, with the city growing richer from China's Opening-Up Policy, the museum was made larger and better. +Grounds. +The memorial (place to remember something) consists of three major parts: a museum that shows historical records and other things from the massacre, an outdoor area, and a covered area that holds the bones of many of the people who died in the massacre. The building has about 3,000 square meters or 32,000 square feet of floor space. The rest of the museum covers another 25,000 square meters or 6 acres of land around the building. The memorial uses architecture, sculptures, and videos to show what happened during the Nanjing Massacre. +Visiting. +It is free to enter the Nanjing Massacre Museum. It is open from 8:30 to 4:30 from Tuesday to Sunday. The museum is closed every Monday. +You can go there by taking the underground or by buses. + += = = Philip Martin Brown = = = +Philip Martin Brown (born 9 July 1956) is an English actor. He is best known for portraying the role of Grantly Budgen in the BBC school-based drama series "Waterloo Road" (2006–2013); making him the longest-serving cast member in the show's history. In addition to his work on "Waterloo Road", he has also made appearances in various British television series, including "A Horseman Riding By", "EastEnders", "The Bill", "Wing and a Prayer", "City Central", "Cutting It", "Casualty", "Doctors", "Coronation Street", "Death Comes to Pemberley", "The Worst Witch" and "Holby City". +Personal life and awards. +He attended Barrow-in-Furness Grammar School for Boys where his favourite subject was English. At the end of his fifth year, Brown was asked to leave the school, later stating that he was a "dreadful troublemaker". He lives in Paddock Wood, Kent, with his wife. They have two children. +In 2010, Brown was nominated for the Best Actor prize in the 2010 "TV Choice" Awards, and won it three years in a row. +He is an ex-epileptic and had to leave the stage until he underwent brain surgery which has left him seizure-free for 22 years. He is an ambassador for the charity Young Epilepsy. + += = = Nanjing Temple of Confucius = = = +The Nanjing Temple of Confucius is a temple honoring Confucius in Nanjing, China. It is located on the north bank of the Qinhuai River in Qinhuai District. It is also the largest traditional ancient market in China. + += = = Nanjing Presidential Palace = = = +The Nanjing Presidential Palace is the palace in Nanjing, China, that was used by China's president when Nanjing was China's capital city in the 1920s and 1930s. Its Chinese name is the "Nánjīng Zǒngtǒngfǔ" (�����). It is located at 292 Changjiang Road in Nanjing's Xuanwu District. +It includes an office block for the Kuomingtang. It was built in March 1853. On 1 January 1912, Sun Yat-sen became the Provisional President of the Republic of China here. After that, it became the official residence of the Jiangsu military governors. It became the office of the Kuomingtang in 1927. After the occupation of Nanjing by Japanese troops in December 1937, the offices of the Kuomingtang served as the headquarters of the Japanese troops. On 23 April 1949, the People's Liberation Army reached Nanjing. They occupied the Presidential Palace on the next day. +The presidential palace includes the West and East Gardens, two classic Chinese gardens. There are many trees and flowers among the pavilions, bamboo, and two lakes. +Nanjing Presidential Palace is near Dahanggong Station (Line 2) and Zhujiang Road Station (Line 1) on the Nanjing Subway. + += = = Drosophila obscura = = = +Drosophila obscura is a very common European species of fruit fly. It lives in most habitats except coastal areas and open heathland. +Larvae can be found in the sap runs of deciduous trees. +The name covers a whole group of very similar species. They are all in the subgenus "Sophophera", which includes the common Mediterranean fly "Drosophila subobscura" and the North American "D. pseudoobscura". The group is called the "Drosophila obscura" species group. + += = = Nanjing Museum = = = +Nanjing Museum. Nanjing Museum covers an area of 70,000 square meters. Itis located at the southern foot of the beautiful Purple Gold Moutain, with Zhongshan Gate of the city on its east side and the remains of the imperial palace of the early Ming Dynasty on its west side. +Nanjing Museum , China's first comprehensive state museum,was initiated by Cai Yuanpei and president of the state Central Research Academy. It was originally planned to build three exbition halls including Humanity. Handicraft and Nature halls, but only the hall of Humanity was completed which is the current main building. It imitate the style of Liao-Dynasty architecture, with the roof covered with golden tiles and looking solemn and magnificent. +After 1949, when new China was founded, the museum entered into a new era of development. In March, 1950, it was renamed as Nanjing museum and a number of major excavation activities were conducted in following years. + += = = Nanjing City Wall = = = +The Nanjing City Wall is the city wall of Nanjing, China. Most of it was made during the early Ming Dynasty, when Nanjing was the capital of China. +The city wall has a Jingshiying Tianfu four city wall pattern. It consists of four walls: namely, the imperial city, the imperial city, the capital city, and the outer city. Now, the name mainly refers to the well-preserved capital city wall, which is the longest, largest, and best-preserved old city wall in the world, with a total preserved length of 25.1 km. +The city wall you see in Nanjing today was built in 1366 (Yuan to Zheng 26 years) and completed in 1393 (Ming Hongwu 26 years), 27 years in all. Building it used 1 ministry, 3 weis, 5 provinces, 28 prefectures, and 152 prefectures and counties. A total of 280,000 migrant workers made it using about 350 million urban bricks. +Its gates include the Gate of China, the Zhongshan Gate, and the Xuanwu Gate. + += = = Jiming Temple = = = +Jiming Temple was first built in the Western Jin Dynasty. It is one of the oldest Buddhist temples in Nanjing. Since the Middle Ages, Jiming Temple has been known as the First Temple of the Southern Dynasties. +The history of Jiming Temple can be traced back to Qixuan Temple in Wu during the Three Kingdoms. At that time, the place where Jiming Temple now sits was a garden around a hilltop. Around the year 300, a temple was built on the hill. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was part of the Tingwei Department. In 527, Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty built Tongtai Temple on Jiming Island, which made it a real Buddhist resort. In 1387, the Hongwu Emperor of the Ming Dynasty ordered the demolition of its old houses and a reconstruction and enlargement of its temples. This emperor is the one who named it "Jiming Temple". After the improvements of the Xuande, Chenghua, and Hongzhi Emperors, the courtyard was very large, covering more than 100 mu. Later, the ancient temple was destroyed by a fire in Xianfeng. Although it was rebuilt during the Tongzhi Era and its incense has flourished, the scale of the temple has been greatly reduced. + += = = Purple Mountain = = = +Purple Mountain is a mountain in Xuanwu District in Nanjing, China. It is 448.9 meters or 1,472 feet high. +Purple Mountain is a scenic spot and historic site in Nanjing. It is one of the Four Famous Mountains South of the Yangtze River and a national ecological and cultural demonstration site. +Purple Mountain Observatory is on the mountain. Nanjing Museum is just to its south. + += = = Norwegian Air Shuttle = = = +Norwegian is one of the largest airlines in the world. It is based in Norway. Its headquarters are at Bærum, near Oslo. + += = = Alan Watson (legal scholar) = = = +William Alan J. Watson (1933 – 7 November 2018) was a Scottish law and legal history expert. He was born in Edinburgh. He was known for his works in Roman law, comparative law, legal history, and law and religion. He is known for creating the term "legal transplants". +Watson worked at Oxford University, before taking the Douglas Chair in Civil Law at the School of Law of his alma mater, the University of Glasgow. He was Distinguished Research Professor at the University of Georgia School of Law at the time of his death. +Watson died on 7 November 2018 at the age of 85. + += = = Harold Basch = = = +Harold Basch (; 29 November 1940 – 8 November 2018) was an American-born Israeli chemist and educator. He was born in New York City. He was a Professor of Chemistry who worked in Computational Chemistry. He worked at Bar Ilan University. +In 1970 he joined the Chemistry Department at Bar-Ilan University (BIU) as an Associate Professor and became a full Professor in 1977. During his career, Prof. Basch published more than 180 papers and book chapters. +Basch died in Ramat Gan, Israel on 8 November 2018 at the age of 77. + += = = Winesap = = = +Winesap is a kind of apple. It is a medium sized and dark red. The flesh of the apple is yellow. Winesap apples have a sweet and tart taste. They are grown in Washington, Oregon, Georgia, and Virginia. + += = = D. J. Finney = = = +David John Finney (3 January 1917 – 12 November 2018), was a British statistician +and Professor Emeritus of Statistics at the University of Edinburgh. He was born in Latchford, Warrington. +He was Director of the Agricultural Research Council's Unit of Statistics from 1954 to 1984 and a former President of the Royal Statistical Society and of the Biometric Society. He was known for the development of systematic monitoring of drugs for detection of adverse reactions. +Finney turned 100 in January 2017 and died on 12 November 2018 at the age of 101 following a short illness. + += = = Everett A. Kelly = = = +Everett A. Kelly (September 2, 1926 – November 13, 2018) was an American Republican politician. He was born in Foley, Alabama. +Biography. +He was a member of the Florida House of Representatives representing 35th district from 1978 to 1982, the 46th district from 1982 to 1992, and the 42nd district from 1992 until 2000. +Kelly was Speaker Pro Tempore from 1990 to 1992. He died in Tavares, Florida on November 13, 2018 at the age of 92. + += = = Shootsta = = = +Shootsta is a business that helps companies make videos, like commercials. Shootsta is known for being successful as a subscription based service. Shootsta has offices in the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, Hong Kong and Singapore. When Shootsta was getting started, it raised USD$7,000,000. Shootsta is able to do more or less for a customer based on what the customer needs, which is known as "scalable." + += = = Dick DeVos = = = +Richard Marvin DeVos Jr. (born October 21, 1955) is an American businessman. In 2006, DeVos ran for Governor of Michigan, but lost to Jennifer Granholm. DeVos is the spouse of Betsy DeVos, the current United States Secretary of Education. + += = = John Bluthal = = = +John Bluthal (12 August 1929 – 15 November 2018) was a Polish-born British-Australian actor. He was best known for his comedy work in the United Kingdom with Spike Milligan. He was known for his roles in "Never Mind the Quality, Feel the Width" and as Frank Pickle in "The Vicar of Dibley". +His lost role was as Professor Marcuse alongside George Clooney in the Coen Brothers' movie "Hail, Caesar!" (2016). +Bluthal died on 15 November 2018 at the age of 89. + += = = Adolf Grünbaum = = = +Adolf Grünbaum (; May 15, 1923 – November 15, 2018) was a German-American philosopher and a critic of psychoanalysis. He was the first Andrew Mellon Professor of Philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh from 1960 until his death. He was born in Cologne. +He also was Co-Chairman of its Center for Philosophy of Science from 1978 until his death, Research Professor of Psychiatry since 1979, and Primary Research Professor in the Department of History and Philosophy of Science since 2006. +His works include "Philosophical Problems of Space and Time" (1963), "The Foundations of Psychoanalysis" (1984), and "Validation in the Clinical Theory of Psychoanalysis" (1993). +Grünbaum was Jewish. He died in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on November 15, 2018 at the age of 95. + += = = Nguyễn Phú Trọng = = = +Nguyễn Phú Trọng (born 14 April 1944) is a Vietnamese politician. He is the current General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam since 19 January 2011. Nguyễn was also the President of Vietnam, "de jure" head of state of Vietnam, in office from 2018 until 2021. Nguyễn Phú Trọng was also Chairman of the National Assembly from 2006 to 2011. + += = = Pablo Ferro = = = +Pablo Ferro (January 15, 1935 – November 16, 2018) was a Cuban-born American graphic designer, movie titles designer, and founder of Pablo Ferro Films. He was known for designing the titles for "Dr. Strangelove", "A Clockwork Orange" and "Bullitt". Ferro was born in Antilla, Cuba. +Ferro died in Sedona, Arizona on November 16, 2018 from complications of pneumonia at the age of 83. + += = = Sedona, Arizona = = = +Sedona is a city in the counties of Coconino and Yavapai in the northern Verde Valley region of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2020 census, its population was 9,684. + += = = Richard Baker (broadcaster) = = = +Richard Douglas James Baker OBE RD (15 June 1925 – 17 November 2018) was an English broadcaster. Baker was best known as a newsreader for BBC News from 1954 to 1982. He was the first reader of the "BBC Television News" (in voiceover) in 1954. +Baker made cameo appearances in three episodes (30, 33 and 39) of "Monty Python's Flying Circus" and in the 1977 "Morecambe and Wise Christmas Show". He also narrated "Mary, Mungo and Midge" (1969). +Baker died on 18 November 2018, at the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford, aged 93. + += = = Héctor Beltrán Leyva = = = +Héctor Beltrán Leyva (February 15, 1965 – November 18, 2018) was a Mexican drug lord. He was the leader of the Beltrán Leyva Cartel, a drug trafficking organization. He was the brother of Arturo Beltrán Leyva (deceased), former leader of the cartel. +He was the second-in-command and rose to the leadership of the criminal organization after his brother's death on 16 December 2009 during a confrontation with Mexican marines. +Beltrán Leyva was arrested by the Mexican Army on 1 October 2014. He would be imprisoned and died at a jail cell in Toluca, Mexico on November 18, 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 53. + += = = Uladzimir Zhuravel = = = +Uladzimir Ivanavich Zhuravel (; ; 9 June 1971 – 18 November 2018) was a Belarusian professional football player and coach. He made his professional debut in the Soviet Top League in 1990 for FC Dinamo Minsk. He played for the national team from 1992 to 1997. He was born in Semipalatinsk, Kazakh SSR. In 2018 he was a head coach in Shakhter Karagandy. +Zhuravel died from cardiac arrest on 18 November 2018 in Minsk at the age of 47. + += = = Hingham, Massachusetts = = = +Hingham is a town on the South Shore of the U.S. state of Massachusetts in northern Plymouth County. At the 2020 census, the population was 24,284. Hingham is known for its colonial history and location on Boston Harbor. + += = = Engelbert Humperdinck = = = +Engelbert Humperdinck may refer to: + += = = Waldyr Boccardo = = = +Waldyr Geraldo Boccardo (28 January 1936 – 18 November 2018) was a Brazilian basketball player. Boccardo was born in São Manuel, Brazil. He was a member of the team that won the title at the 1959 World Championship and the bronze medal at the 1960 Olympics. +Boccardo died in Rio de Janeiro on 18 November 2018 from pneumonia at the age of 82. + += = = Lincoln County, Oregon = = = +Lincoln County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, its population was 50,395. The county seat is Newport. The county is named for Abraham Lincoln, 16th president of the United States. + += = = Moncombu = = = +Moncombu (; also spelled Mankombu; see below) is a village in the Alappuzha district in the state of Kerala, India. The place is famous for many things including the Moncombu Bhagavathy Temple and the Rice Research Centre. The ancestors of Dr M S Swaminathan, the father of the green revolution in India, came from this village. +Name. +Since the English name is close to the name in the local Malayalam language, there are several spellings in use. "Moncombu" is the spelling used by the Postal Department of India as well as in government communications. But yet other variants such as "Mankombu" are in use by the mass media. + += = = Mažeikiai = = = +Mažeikiai (, Samogitian: "Mažeikē") is a city in northwest Lithuania on the Venta River. Around 43,547 people live there, and it is the eighth largest city in Lithuania. + += = = Pennsylvania German language = = = +Pennsylvania German ("Deitsch"; also called Pennsylvania Dutch) is a dialect of German spoken in the United States and Canada. Most speakers of Pennsylvania German are members of the Amish or Mennonite communities. About 350,000 people speak the dialect. +History. +The ancestors of Pennsylvania German speakers mostly come from the Palatinate area in Germany. Other immigrants came from Switzerland, Swabia, Baden, and/or Alsace. These immigrants mostly settled in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. The Pennsylvania German dialect was widely spoken in Pennsylvania until the 20th century. The Amish and Mennonite communities continued to speak the dialect. +Kutztown University has a Pennsylvania German program, and offers a minor degree to students. +Differences with Standard German. +Pennsylvania German grammar is simpler than Standard German. The genitive case is lost, and adjective endings are simplified. +The sounds œ, ø (ö) and y (ü) in Standard German are not present in Pennsylvania German. So the word "Köpfe" (heads) becomes "Kepp" in the dialect. Also, "Kühe" (cows) becomes "Kieh". +Other websites. +Learning Resources: +Others: + += = = Mark McGowan = = = +Mark McGowan (born 13 July 1967) is a Western Australian former politician who served as the 30th Premier of Western Australia from 17 March 2017 until 8 June 2023. He is from the Labor Party. He was replaced by Roger Cook. + += = = Garaad = = = +Garaad is the name for a Dhulbahante clan ruler. He is traditionally from the baharsame sub-clan of the Dhulbahante. +Garaadship. +There is no specific word for a garaad's wife. The word "garaad" is from the Somali language. It means "intelligence". The dynasty and lands ruled by the Garaad is called a Garaadship. + += = = Kamchatka Krai = = = +Kamchatka Krai is one of 85 federal subjects of Russia. It is located in the Asian part of Russia. It is grouped and governed as part of the Far Eastern District. The Far Eastern District contains ten other federal subjects too. +History. +Local Koryak people lived in the region for a long time before European explorers first arrived. They were described to be war-like. In the 17th century, Russian explorers first arrived in the area. But the area's harsh climate, land and unfriendly natives made exploration difficult. Multiple fighting later broke out between the natives and the Russians throughout the 18th century. This was because the Tsar ordered more Russian explorations of the area. In 1768-1769, the smallpox disease nearly wiped out the population. The natives were finally brought under control because of the disease. In 1854, the area saw fighting between the Russians and the British and French during the Crimean War. In 1867, after the sale of Alaska to the United States, Kamchatka loss its importance. It was because travelers were no longer stopping over the area to go to Alaska. During the last months of World War II, the area became an important point for Soviet troops to invade Japan. After the war the area became a military zone. This zone was closed off to Soviet citizens till 1990 and foreigners till 1991. Today it remains as a Krai (federal subject) within Russia. +Geography. +Kamchatka is found in the far eastern part of Siberia. Because of this, it has a subarctic climate, which have long, cold winters, and short, mild summers. Rainfall in the area is unusually higher than the rest of Eastern Siberia. This is because westerly winds blow in from the Sea of Japan. The landscape is mostly mountainous, with the Sredinny Mountain Range occupying a large part of the region. The Sredinny Range has the most amount of glacier in North-East Asia. The area also has a high density of mountains that are active volcanoes. These volcanoes are included as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The area is prone to volcano eruption and earthquake. This is because it lies around the Pacific Ring of Fire. There are plenty of animals, birds and plants in the area. It is because of the good climate, geography and low human population. +Demographics. +Kamchatka's population at the end of the Soviet Union decreased for some time, according to data. It is currently increasing again. Most of the population live in cities and towns, like the capital, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Ethnic Koryaks and other natives compose of a very small percentage of the population. Russians compose a great majority of the population. Most people in Kamchatka practice Orthodox Christianity, while a sizable population are irreligious. Shamanism, which is a belief that worships spirits and nature, is still practiced by some natives in the area. Russian is taught and used commonly in Kamchatka. While native languages like Koryak, Itelmen or Chuvan are hardly taught or used at home. +Economy. +The economy of Kamchatka is mostly based on fishing and processing of natural resources. These resources include wood, coal and gold, involving the lumber and mining industries. Kamchatka lies along major shipping routes. It thus provide services such as ship building, repairing and the moving of goods among ships. In the past, Kamchatka was part of the region's fur trade. This fur trade was connected with places like China and Alaska. +Politics. +The Governor of Kamchatka is the leader of the Krai. The Governor is chosen by public vote every five years. The Kamchatka Legislative Assembly, is the Krai's parliament. The Legislative Assembly lawmakers are chosen similarly by the public every five years. The majority of lawmakers in the Legislative Assembly are currently from the United Russia party. The United Russia party is the ruling party of Russia. The Krai was formed on 1 July 2007 from the merge between Kamchatka Oblast and Koryak Autonomous Okrug. +Transportation. +Generally, Kamchatka is isolated from the rest of Russia. There are no railway and road linking it with the rest of Russia. Flying is the most convenient way of entering or leaving Kamchatka. There are several airports, like the Yelizovo Airport. Flights from these airports link Kamchatka to cities further away. However, there are no international flights into the area. Kamchatka also lies along major shipping routes. These shipping routes connect Kamchatka with Alaska and East Asia by sea. + += = = Mike Noble = = = +Mike Noble (17 September 1930 – 15 November 2018) was a British comic artist and illustrator. +Biography. +He was born in London. He was best known for drawing strips like "Fireball XL5" for "TV Century 21". He also drew "The Lone Ranger" and other comic strips relating to "The Lone Ranger". He also worked for "Zero-X", "Captain Scarlet" and "Star Trek". +Noble died on 15 November 2018 at the age of 88. + += = = Ricardo Muñoz = = = +Ricardo Muñoz (born October 26, 1965) is a Mexican-American politician. He was a member of the Chicago City Council as alderman for the 22nd ward. It includes Little Village and Archer Heights. +Muñoz was appointed to this position by Mayor Richard M. Daley in 1993. He is the longest tenured Latino and fourth longest tenured member of the Chicago City Council. +On August 2, 2010 Muñoz took the unusual step of admitting that he was an alcoholic just six months before standing for re-election. +Munoz endorsed Chris Kennedy in the 2018 Democratic gubernatorial primary. + += = = Kayo Dottley = = = +John Albert "Kayo" Dottley (August 25, 1928 – November 17, 2018) was an American football fullback in the National Football League. He played for the Chicago Bears from 1951 to 1953. He was born in Birmingham, Alabama. +Dottley died at a hospital in Vicksburg, Mississippi from complications of pneumonia on November 17, 2018 at the age of 90. + += = = Bartow, Georgia = = = +Bartow is a town in Jefferson County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 186. The town was originally named "Spier's Turnout", but was changed to honor the first Confederate officer to die in battle, Colonel Francis S. Bartow of Savannah, Georgia. + += = = Carl Weathers = = = +Carl Weathers (January 14, 1948 – February 1, 2024) was an American actor, voice actor and professional American football player. He was well known for portraying the roles of Apollo Creed in the "Rocky", Al Dillon in "Predator", Chubbs Peterson in "Happy Gilmore" and "Little Nicky", and as himself on the comedy series "Arrested Development". +As a football player, Weathers played for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League and the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. +Weathers died at his home in Los Angeles, California on February 1, 2024, at the age of 76. A death certificate later gave his cause of death as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. + += = = Jan de Bont = = = +Jan de Bont (; born 22 October 1943) is a former Dutch cinematographer, director and movie producer. He was born in Eindhoven, Netherlands. He is widely known for directing the movies "Speed" and "Twister". +As a cinematographer, he is known for his works in "Cujo, Flesh and Blood, Die Hard, The Hunt for Red October" and "Basic Instinct." He retired in 2012. +While serving as cinematographer for the 1981 movie "Roar", de Bont experienced one of many on-set injuries during filming, where a lion lifted his scalp, requiring 220 stitches. + += = = Jean Leon Gerome Ferris = = = +Jean Leon Gerome Ferris (August 8, 1863 – March 18, 1930) was an American painter who was best known for his collection of paintings called "The Pageant of a Nation". + += = = Betty Bumpers = = = +Betty Lou Flanagan Bumpers (January 11, 1925 – November 23, 2018) was an American health activist and civil servant. She was the First Lady of Arkansas, from 1971 to 1975. +She was an activist for childhood immunizations and world peace. She and Rosalynn Carter ran a successful campaign to ensure that all American school children were immunized. She was also the widow of Dale Bumpers, former State governor and U.S. Senator. +Bumpers died on November 23, 2018 from complications of dementia and a broken hip in Little Rock, Arkansas at the age of 93. + += = = Cranberry sauce = = = +Cranberry sauce or cranberry jelly is a sauce made from cranberries. It is commonly eaten with turkey during the Thanksgiving holiday in North America or during Christmas dinner in the United Kingdom. Cranberry sauce started being available all year in 1941 with canning. + += = = Wyandotte County, Kansas = = = +Wyandotte County (; county code WY) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020 census, 169,245 people lived there. This would make it the county with the fourth-most number of people in Kansas. Its county seat is Kansas City. Kansas City is also the biggest city in Wyandotte County. It has a unified government. Wyandotte County west of Kansas City, Missouri. +History. +The Wyandot. +The county is named after the Wyandot (also known as Wyandott or Wyandotte) Native Americans. They were called the Huron by the French in Canada, but they called themselves Wendat. They were distantly related to the Iroquois. They had hoped to stop white Americans from moving into their territory. They also hoped to make the Ohio River the border between the United States and Canada. +Other historical facts. +The county was organized in 1859. Tenskwatawa (Tecumseh's brother), "the Prophet", fought at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811. He was buried at Shawnee Native American historical site Whitefeather Spring. The Kansas City "Smelting and Refining Company" employed over 250 men during the 1880s. +The "Delaware Crossing" (or ""Military Crossing"; sometimes "the Secondine"") was where the old Indian trail met the waters of the Kaw River. "Circa" 1831, Moses Grinter (one of the earliest permanent white settlers in the area) created the Grinter Ferry on the Kansas River here. His house was known as the Grinter Place. The ferry was used by people (such as traders, freighters, and soldiers) traveling between Fort Leavenworth and Fort Scott on the military road. Others would cross this area on their way to Santa Fe. +Geography. +The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (2.9%) is water. It is the smallest county by area in Kansas. +People. +Wyandotte County is included in the Kansas City, MO-KS Metropolitan Statistical Area. +Government. +Presidential elections. +Unlike almost every other county in Kansas, Wyandotte County has been solidly Democratic ever since the New Deal. The only Democrat to lose Wyandotte County since 1932 has been George McGovern in 1972. Wyandotte was the only county in Kansas to vote for Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944, Adlai Stevenson II in both 1952 and 1956, Hubert Humphrey in 1968, Jimmy Carter in 1980, and Walter Mondale in 1984. +Economy. +Village West, has helped the economy in KCK and Wyandotte County grow. At Village West, there are companies like Hollywood Casino, Legends Outlets Kansas City, Schlitterbahn Vacation Village, Cabela's, Nebraska Furniture Mart, Great Wolf Lodge, T-Bones Stadium (home to the Kansas City T-Bones of the American Association) and Children's Mercy Park (home of Sporting Kansas City of Major League Soccer). +Education. +Colleges and universities. +Public +Private +Private schools. +Primary +Secondary + += = = Mercy Hospital shooting = = = +On November 19, 2018, a mass shooting took place at the Mercy Hospital and Medical Center in Chicago, Illinois. An attending physician, a pharmaceutical assistant, a Chicago Police officer and the perpetrator were killed. +Local authorities identified the suspect as a 32-year-old man who was killed by police. The perpetrator was discovered within the hospital at around 3:20 p.m. and shot in the head. + += = = Mercy Hospital and Medical Center = = = +Mercy Hospital and Medical Center is a 292-bed general medical and surgical Catholic teaching hospital in Near South Side, Chicago, Illinois. It was built in 1852. +The hospital was the first chartered hospital in Chicago. In 1859, Mercy Hospital became the first Catholic hospital to affiliate with a medical school—Lind Medical School—and the first to require a graded curriculum. +Mercy also is the hospital used by the Daley family: all of their children were born there. Mercy sold a plot of land to the north of their hospital for 60 million dollars in 2008. It is also the main women's cancer center in Illinois. +It accepted patients from Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center and absorbed the ambulance routes when the hospital closed in 2008. In 2012, Mercy Hospital and Medical Center was ranked #35 for all hospitals in the State of Illinois and #27 in the Chicago metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report. +On November 19, 2018, four people were shot near the hospital. + += = = Son River = = = +Son River (also called Sone River) is a river in central India. It is the second largest of the Ganges' southern branches. + += = = Edward M. Burke = = = +Edward M. "Ed" Burke (born December 29, 1943) is an American politician. He is an alderman of the 14th Ward of the City of Chicago. He is a member of the Democratic Party. +Burke was first elected to the Chicago City Council in 1969, and represents part of the city's Southwest Side. Burke has been called Chicago's "most powerful alderman" by the "Chicago Sun-Times". Burke was named one of the "100 Most Powerful Chicagoans" by "Chicago Magazine". +Burke is the longest-serving aldermen in Chicago history. +Burke is the lead partner in a law firm that works in property tax appeals. On November 29, 2018, Burke's office at Chicago City Hall and his Aldermanic ward office were seized by federal agents, who ejected staff and papered over the doors and windows. + += = = Central, South Carolina = = = +Central is a town in Pickens County, South Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,247. It got its name from its geographic location, being the halfway or central point between Atlanta and Charlotte. The main campus of Southern Wesleyan University is located east of the downtown area. + += = = Nanglo = = = +Nanglo is a flat round woven tray. It is made up of bamboo. It is made up of thin bamboo pieces called "Choya". To make Nanglo, "Choya"s are joined together at the right angles like woven threads. It is used to separate dust particles from paddy, rice, dal, beans, and other grains (winnowing). Nanglo is a part of almost every Nepali kitchen. It is mostly used in villages but it can also be found in large cities as well. + += = = David A. Granger = = = +Brigadier David Arthur Granger (born 15 July 1945) is a Guyanese politician and retired military officer. He was President of Guyana from 2015 to 2020. He was Commander of the Guyana Defence Force and National Security Adviser from 1990 to 1992. He was Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly of Guyana from 2012 to 2015. +In November 2018, Granger was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. +In 2020, he lost his re-election bid to Irfaan Ali. + += = = President of Guyana = = = +The President of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana is the head of state and the head of government of Guyana, as well as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the Republic, according to the Constitution of Guyana. +The President is also the Chancellor of the Orders of Guyana. + += = = Hamilton Green = = = +Hamilton Green (born 9 November 1934) is Guyanese politician and once Prime Minister of Guyana. +He was a member of People's National Congress and chosen as one of the five Vice Presidents in the cabinet of Forbes Burnham in October 1980. He also served as the Prime Minister of Guyana from 6 August 1985 to 9 October 1992. + += = = Mette-Marit = = = +Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway (born Mette-Marit Tjessem Høiby, , on 19 August 1973) is the wife of Crown Prince Haakon, heir apparent to the throne of Norway. +She was a controversial figure at the time of her engagement to Haakon in 2000. She became crown princess of Norway upon her marriage in 2001. In this role, she has championed humanitarian projects and arts, as well as taking part in official visits at home and abroad. +In October 2018 she was diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis, which will limit her official programs. +19 August 1973-25 August 2001 Miss Mette-Marit Tjessem Hoiby +25 August 2001 Her Royal Highness The Crown Princess of Norway +National Honors and Medals +-Norway: Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Saint Olav +-Norway: Dame of the Royal Family Decoration of King Harald V +-Norway: Recipient of the Medal of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of King Olav V +-Norway: Recipient of the Royal House Centenary Medal +-Norway: Recipient of the King Harald V Silver Jubilee Medal +Foreign Honors +-Austria: Grand Decoration of Honor in Gold with Sash of the Order of Honor for Services to the Republic of Austria +-Brazil: Grand Cross of the Order of the Southern Cross +-Bulgaria: Grand Cross of the Order of the Balkan Mountains +-Denmark: Knight of the Order of the Elephant +-Estonia: Member 1st Class of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, Member 1st Class of the Order of the White Star +-Finland: Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the White Rose +-Germany: Grand Cross 1st Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany +-Iceland: Grand Cross of the Order of the Falcon +-Italy: Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic +-Japan: Dame Grand Cordon (Paulownia) of the Order of the Precious Crown +-Latvia: Grand Cross of the Cross of Recognition +-Lithuania: Grand Cross of the Order of Vytautas the Great +-Luxembourg: Dame Grand Cross of the Order of Adolphe of Nassau +-Netherlands: Dame Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau, Recipient of the King Willem-Alexander Inauguration Medal +-Poland: Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland +-Portugal: Grand Cross of the Order of Infante Henry +-Spain: Dame Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic +-Sweden: Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Polar Star + += = = Haakon VI = = = +Haakon VI (; Haakon Magnus; born 20 July 1973), is the only son of King Harald V and Queen Sonja. He is next in line to become the king of Norway. +He has an older sister named Princess Märtha Louise. When Haakon's dad became king in 1991, Haakon became the crown prince. The Crown Prince and Crown Princess live at the Skaugum Estate, which is in the Semsvannet area. This is their official home. +Titles +20 July 1973-17 January 1991His Royal Highness Prince Haakon of Norway +17January 1991-present His Royal Highness The Crown of Norway + += = = Nafisa Ali = = = +Nafisa Ali (born 18 January 1957) is an Indian Bengali actress, activist and politician. She is a member of the Indian National Congress. Nafisa was born in Kolkata, West Bengal. +She has acted in several Bollywood movies, the notable ones being "Junoon" (1979) with Shashi Kapoor, "Major Saab" with Amitabh Bachchan (1998), "Bewafaa" (2005), "Life In A... Metro" (2007) and "Yamla Pagla Deewana" (2010) with Dharmendra. +In November 2018, Nafisa was diagnosed with stage 3 peritoneal and ovarian cancer. + += = = Sheila Miyoshi Jager = = = +Sheila Miyoshi Jager (born 1963) is an American historian. She is a Professor of East Asian Studies at Oberlin College. She is the author of two books on Korea and the co-editor of a third book on Asian nations in the post-Cold War era. She is known for her relationship with Barack Obama before his marriage with Michelle Obama. +In the 1980s, Jager lived with Barack Obama, then a community organizer in Chicago. In 1986, Obama asked her parents if he could marry her, but they rejected. Shortly after he entered the Harvard Law School, Obama proposed to Jager a second time, but she rejected him. + += = = Bolingbrook, Illinois = = = +The village of Bolingbrook is a southwest suburb of Chicago that is partially in both Will and DuPage counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 US Census, the population is 73,922. It is the state's second largest village. + += = = Arlington Heights, Illinois = = = +Arlington Heights is a village in Cook County in the U.S. state of Illinois. A suburb of Chicago, it lies about northwest of the city's downtown. The population was 77,676 at the 2020 census. It is the largest village in the United States. + += = = Heather Nauert = = = +Heather Ann Nauert (born January 27, 1970) is an American journalist and government official. She was the Spokesperson for the United States Department of State from April 24, 2017 until April 3, 2019, appointed by President Donald Trump. +Nauret is a former ABC News correspondent and news presenter on the Fox News program "Fox & Friends". She also was Acting Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs from March to October 2018. +On November 1, 2018, it was reported that President Trump offered Nauert the position of United States Ambassador to the United Nations to replace the outgoing officeholder, Nikki Haley. On December 7, 2018, President Trump nominated her to replace Haley. She withdrew her nomination on February 16, 2019. + += = = Markice Moore = = = +Markice Moore, also known as Kesan, (born July 31, 1986) is an American actor, rapper and Reality TV star. He is best known for playing Ryan Payne in "Tyler Perry's The Paynes" +Career. +Moore is known for MTV's "From G's to Gents" (Season 1) and Warner Bros. Pictures' "ATL". He is best known from punching fellow cast member E6 in the face during the reunion episode of MTV's "From G's To Gents" (Season 1). +In 2012, Moore portrayed Andrew on "The Walking Dead" television series. Moore had originally auditioned for the pilot episode for the role of T-Dog, which went to IronE Singleton. +In 2018, he earned the role of Ryan Payne on the OWN sitcom, "Tyler Perry's The Paynes". Moore's character, Ryan. +Legal problems. +In 2010, Moore was charged with cruelty to children, after police investigators determined that he assaulted his infant daughter. +In 2011 the charges against Moore were suspended. He went on to marry his child's mother and had another baby girl. + += = = Stephanie Charles = = = +Stephanie Charles (born May 24, 1979) is an American actress. She is best known for playing Nyla Payne in "Tyler Perry's The Paynes". +Career. +In 2018, she played the role of Nyla Payne on the OWN sitcom, "Tyler Perry's The Paynes". Her character is Nyla. + += = = Robert Catesby = = = +Robert Catesby (3 March 1572 – 8 November 1605) was a conspirator and leader of group who planned the Gunpowder Plot, but failed. + += = = Harrow, London = = = +Harrow is a borough in the northwestern suburbs of London. It is 12 miles (16 km) from the center of the British capital. Before that, it was a town in Middlesex. + += = = Double-layer capacitance = = = +Double-layer capacitance is the storing of electrical energy by means of the electrical double layer effect. +Double layer capacitance is when an electrode and a liquid solution are touching each other, causing the charges to line up and allowing electricity to be stored there. The double layer is created when the electrode’s surface is charged through the application of electricity. This causes oppositely charged molecules to be attracted to the surface (since opposites attract). This first layer is well attached to the electrode surface, causing it to be semi-permanent. The second layer (with opposite charge) is held by this first layer, making it less attached to the electrode than the first layer. These two layers are separated by a single atomic layer of uncharged molecules in the solution. These alternating layers of charges have the ability to store electrical energy, in a way that depends on the amount of electricity initially applied to the electrode. Once this charge is stored in the device, the source of electricity can be removed and the circuit can still be powered from this stored electricity contained in this device, until it is used up. +The amount of electric charge stored in double-layer capacitance is linearly proportional to the applied voltage. It depends mainly on the electrode surface. The unit of capacitance is the farad. +Capacitance Basics. +A capacitor is a very common electrical circuit device that can store electrical energy as charge. It works based on the idea that you can have a separation between two conductive plates and store a charge on the surface of these plates. However, if too much electricity is stored in the plates, it can jump across the gap causing less energy to be stored. The amount of charge stored in the capacitor can be increased by putting a dielectric material between the plates; air plays this role if no other material is present. This helps to prevent the charge from crossing the gap between the two electrodes, which allows more charge to be stored in this manner. +Capacitance in Solution. +By using a solution instead of the dielectric material, more energy can be stored within the device. When the capacitor becomes charged, the positively charged molecules in the solution become attracted to the negatively charged electrode (and opposite for the positively charged electrode). These positively charged molecules then become attached to the surface of the electrode, and pull in negatively charged molecules from the solution to form a spherical shape; however, these molecules are not attached as strongly. These two layers in the solution prevent the similar charges from pushing each other apart as much leading to an increase in the amount of charge the device can store. In experiments, it has been seen that there is a voltage drop across this layer, which works in the same way as a capacitor. This led to the first use of the term "electrical double layer" in the 1850s by Helmholtz and later being changed to "electrical double layer capacitance" (EDLC). Since this double layer capacitance happens at both electrodes, the theoretical capacitance of the entire device can be raised substantially. However, there are several other factors which can come into play, causing the actual capacitance of the device to not see as much benefit as expected. +Double Layer Capacitance Applications. +When the double layer capacitance idea is used to create a device, they are sometimes called "ultracapacitors" because they store energy by separating the charges (like a capacitor but capable of storing more energy), instead of using a chemical reaction to store electricity. This means that the devices can work correctly for a much longer period of time and charging a device like this takes less time than charging a traditional battery. However, the solution will dry up over time, causing the device to eventually fail. Currently there are several devices that use this technology, including: wireless modems, GPS devices, CMOS computer chips, solar battery operated chips, windmills, electric cars, and power tools. +The electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) has the ability to power a device for longer than a traditional capacitor, but cannot give as much instant energy as the traditional capacitor, which can discharge all at once. Rechargeable batteries can power a device for longer than the EDLC per charge, but cannot deliver as much instant energy. + += = = Arthyde, Minnesota = = = +Arthyde is an unincorporated community in Aitkin County, Minnesota. + += = = JD McCrary = = = +JayDon McCrary (born July 18, 2007) is an American singer, dancer and actor from Los Angeles, California. He is currently starring in "Tyler Perry's The Paynes" as Kenny Payne on the Oprah Winfrey Network. He also provided the voice of Young Simba in a remake of the Disney movie "The Lion King" (2019). +Career. +McCrary began his acting career in 2015 at age 8 on "K.C. Undercover", where he appeared on two episodes. In 2016, he made a guest appearance on Childish Gambino's song "Terrified". In 2017, he later appeared on "I'm Dying Up Here" and "Teachers" as minor roles. He then had live performances on "Little Big Shots" singing The Jackson 5's "I Want You Back", "The Ellen Show" singing "Who's Loving You", and the 60th Annual Grammy Awards to support Childish Gambino's "Terrified". +McCrary stars in "Tyler Perry's The Paynes" on the Oprah Winfrey Network. McCrary officially joined the Disney/Hollywood Records. He will also be acting as the young Dr. Dre on Apple's "Vital Signs" and will provide the voice of Young Simba in a remake of the Disney film "The Lion King" in 2019. +In an interview with Vibe magazine, McCrary cited Michael Jackson as his biggest influence, as well as Stevie Wonder, Bruno Mars, Justin Bieber, and Chris Brown. + += = = Sanai Victoria = = = +Sanai Victoria (born January 15, 2007) is an American actor from Los Angeles, California. She is currently starring in "Tyler Perry's The Paynes" as Lynn Payne on the Oprah Winfrey Network. + += = = Jay Weatherill = = = +Jay Wilson Weatherill (born 3 April 1964) is an Australian politician. He was the 45th Premier of South Australia from 21 October 2011 to 19 March 2018, from the Labor Party. + += = = Steven Marshall = = = +Steven Spence Marshall (born 21 January 1968) is the 46th Premier of South Australia. He became Premier 19 March 2018, from the Liberal Party. + += = = Primate city = = = +Primate cities are cities which have more people and influence than any other city. Primate cites have more than twice as many people than any other in the country. +They are more important in resources, education, health care than the country's second largest city. Countries with primate cities often have inequality in its development, but richer countries as well as poorer countries can have primate cities. +An example of a rich country having a primate city is the United Kingdom, where its largest city London has over eight times as many people as its second largest city, Birmingham. +Bangkok is a primate city because its population is nine times bigger than the second largest city in Thailand. 70% of the country's resources go to Bangkok. +The United States has never had a primate city on a national level due to the decentralized nature of the country, and because the second largest city of the country is not far behind in population and GDP. New York City, which is the largest city and the largest economy in the United States, is for this reason not a primate city of the country. The metropolitan area of New York City has 21 million residents and Los Angeles has 16 million residents. +Sub-national divisions can also have primate cities. For instance, New York City is New York State's primate city because its population is 32 times bigger than the second largest city of that state. New York City has 44% of the population and has 65% of the GDP of New York State. + += = = Chicory = = = +Common chicory ("Cichorium intybus") is a somewhat woody, perennial herbaceous plant of the dandelion family Asteraceae. It usually has bright blue flowers, rarely white or pink. +It is often used as a food plant, and often as a coffee substitute. Many varieties are cultivated for salad leaves, chicons (blanched buds), or roots. The roots of variety "sativum" are baked, ground, and used as a coffee substitute and food additive. +In the 21st century, inulin, an extract from chicory root, has been used in food manufacturing as a sweetener and source of dietary fibre. +Chicory is grown as a forage crop for livestock. It lives as a wild plant on roadsides in its native Europe, and is now common in North America, China, and Australia, where it has become widely introduced. +"Chicory" is also the common name in the United States for curly endive ("Cichorium endivia"). These two closely related species are often confused. + += = = LaVan Davis = = = +LaVan Davis (born September 21, 1966) is an American singer, comedian, and actor best known for his starring role as Curtis Payne on the TBS comedy-drama "Tyler Perry's House of Payne" and on the OWN comedy-drama "Tyler Perry's The Paynes". Davis has also played many roles in Tyler Perry's various productions. +Career. +Davis' acting career began in 2004 with his first role as Leroy in the film, "Mindbenders". In 2005, he made a guest appearance in a two episodes of "Everybody Hates Chris" as a preacher. The following year, Davis was cast as the cranky patriarch of the Payne family, Curtis Payne, in the TBS sitcom "Tyler Perry's House of Payne". Davis worked with Perry again in two of his feature films including "Daddy's Little Girls" in 2007 and "Tyler Perry's Meet the Browns" in 2008. +In addition to his work in films and television, Davis has also appeared in the stage plays "Why Did I Get Married?" as Poppy, and "Madea Goes to Jail" as Leo. + += = = Cassi Davis = = = +Cassandra Davis Patton (born July 30, 1964) is an American actress and singer who is best known for her role as Ella Payne on "Tyler Perry's House of Payne and its spin-off series The Paynes". She has also starred in several other productions under the direction of Tyler Perry. +Life and career. +Born in Holly Springs, Mississippi, Davis' acting career began in 1988 with her role in the Spike Lee film "School Daze". Her early television credits include appearances on "Living Single", "Married... with Children", "Kenan & Kel", "Boycott", and "The PJ's". She established her acting career by appearing in Tyler Perry productions such as "Madea's Family Reunion", "Madea Goes to Jail", "Daddy's Little Girls", and Tyler Perry's House of Payne. +Davis attended Spelman College in Atlanta and majored in music. She left the college one credit short of graduation, because she was not allowed to perform religious music during her senior recital. Davis returned to Spelman in 2008 to complete her degree, graduating in November of that year. +She has credited her devout, born-again Christian faith as the main reason behind her professional success. + += = = Pink and white lady slipper = = = +The Pink and White Lady Slipper was made the official state flower of Minnesota in 1967. Lady Slippers are also called the moccasin flower. +There color is pink and white. They can live up to fifty years but take up to sixteen years to develop their fruit. Since 1925 the Lady Slipper has been protected and is illegal to pick or un earth the flower from its roots. The flower can be found in the northern part of Minnesota where there are swamps, bogs, wet meadows, and wet prairies. They are also known as the Queen's Lady slipper and are a type of orchid. + += = = Gilmer McCormick = = = +Gilmer McCormick (born March 13, 1947) is an American actress and singer, best known for her performance in the stage and film versions of "Godspell" in the early 1970s and for her role as Sister Margaret in "Silent Night, Deadly Night". +Born in Louisville, Kentucky, she graduated from Moravian Academy in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania in 1965. She attended Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. + += = = Adrenal tumor = = = +An adrenal tumor or adrenal mass is any benign or malignant neoplasms of the adrenal gland. They are known to overproduce endocrine hormones. +Adrenal cancer is when there are malignant adrenal tumors, and includes neuroblastoma, adrenocortical carcinoma and some adrenal pheochromocytomas. Most adrenal pheochromocytomas and all adrenocortical adenomas are benign tumors, which do not metastasize or destroy nearby tissues, but may cause significant health problems by unbalancing hormones. + += = = Storting = = = +The Storting ( , 'the great assembly') is the parliament of Norway. It was created in 1814 by the Constitution of Norway. It is located in Oslo. The unicameral parliament has 169 members, and is elected every four years based on party-list proportional representation in nineteen constituencies. +A member of the Storting is known in Norwegian as a "stortingsrepresentant", literally "Storting representative". +History: The first time that a woman became a member of parliament (Norway), was in 1911, Anna Rogstad. + += = = The Paynes = = = +The Paynes is an American television sitcom that premiered on January 16, 2018, on the Oprah Winfrey Network. The show was created, written, and directed by Tyler Perry and serves as a sequel to his previous series, "Tyler Perry's House of Payne". +Plot. +The Paynes picks up where Curtis and Ella Payne have decided to take the next step in their lives—retirement. A death in the family has the whole family traveling to Sun Coast, Florida, to attend the funeral of Curtis' Uncle Robert. Their trip takes an unexpected turn when Ella and Curtis get roped into a real estate deal, landing them in a new community with a new church and unfamiliar family members. The family is thrown straight back into the issues that viewers find in their everyday lives. As life lessons abound, Ella finds a new business, new home and new purpose. +LaVan Davis and Cassi Davis are the only cast members who appear in every episode. +On June 22, 2018, OWN announced the show's return for the second half for the first season to premiere on July 20, 2018. It did not return for a second season. +Career. +Curtis Payne (LaVan Davis) and Ella Payne (Cassi Davis) returned as series regulars. +JoAnn Payne (Jackée Harry), Nyla (Stephanie Charles), Ryan (Markice Moore), Kenny (JD McCrary), Lynn (Sanai Victoria), Terrance (Anthony O. Dalton) and Kendrick (Matthew Law) will be joining the cast as series regulars. +Calvin Payne (Lance Gross), CJ Payne (Allen Payne), Janine Payne (Demetria McKinney), Malik Payne (Doc Shaw) and Jazmine Payne (China Anne McClain) did not return as series regulars, but they will be back as recurring cast members. +Claretha Jenkins (Denise Burse) and Miranda Lucas-Payne (Keisha Knight Pulliam) did not return at all. +Series overview. +<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> + += = = Allen Payne = = = +Allen Payne (born July 7, 1968) is an American actor. He is known for his role as C.J. Payne on "Tyler Perry's House of Payne" television show. + += = = Demetria McKinney = = = +Demetria Dyan McKinney (born August 27, 1979) is an American actress and singer. + += = = Jackée Harry = = = +Jacqueline Yvonne Harry, also known as Jackée, (born August 14, 1956) is an American actress, singer, comedian, and director. She is best known for her role as Sandra Clark "227". She is the first African-American to win an Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series. + += = = William Mullan = = = +William Joseph Mullan (30 March 1928 – 13 November 2018) was a Scottish football referee. He was born in Dublin, Republic of Ireland. In 1962, Mullan became a referee in the Scottish Division One. Three years later, he was appointed as a FIFA referee. In 1972, Mullan was selected as a referee for UEFA Euro 1972. +Mullan died on 13 November 2018 in Edinburgh, Scotland at the age of 90. + += = = Sigmund Steinnes = = = +Sigmund Steinnes (19 January 1959 – 15 November 2018) was a Norwegian politician. He was a member of the Labour Party. He was born in Nordnes, Norway. In the 2013 elections, he was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Troms. In the 2011 elections he was elected as the mayor of Storfjord. +Steinnes died of pancreatic cancer on 15 November 2018 in Oslo, aged 59. + += = = Scott English = = = +Scott English (born Sheldon David English; January 10, 1937 – November 16, 2018) was an American songwriter and record producer. He was born in New York City. +English was best known as the co-writer of "Brandy" with Richard Kerr. This song became a No. 1 hit for Barry Manilow in 1974, under the revised title of "Mandy". English had also released a single of "Brandy", which reached No. 12 in the UK Singles Chart in November 1971. +His other best known works were "Hi Ho Silver Lining", "Bend Me, Shape Me", "Help Me Girl" and "Where Are You?" (which was used by the United Kingdom in the 1998 Eurovision Contest). +English died on November 16, 2018 in London at the age of 81. + += = = Hiromasa Yonekura = = = + was a Japanese businessman. He was chairman of Sumitomo Chemical and was also the chairman of the Japan Business Federation ("Nippon Keidanren"). He remained in this position until 2009, when he became chairman of the board. He was born in Kobe, Japan. +Yonekura died on November 16, 2018 in Tokyo at the age of 81. + += = = Alí Rodríguez Araque = = = +Alí Rodríguez Araque (9 September 1937 – 19 November 2018) was a Venezuelan politician, lawyer, and diplomat. He was born in Ejido, Mérida, Venezuela. +He was the leader of the party Patria Para Todos. He worked under the Hugo Chávez administration, such as oil advisor, General Secretary of OPEC, President of Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA), Minister of External Relations and Ambassador to Cuba. He was appointed as Minister of Finance in June 2008. His last occupation was Ambassador of Venezuela from 2014 until his death in 2018. +Rodríguez Araque died on 19 November 2018 in Havana, Cuba from a heart attack at the age of 81. + += = = Roy Bailey (folk singer) = = = +Roy Bailey, (20 October 1935 – 20 November 2018) was an English socialist folk singer-songwriter and guitarist. He was known for his songs "Songs of Life from a Dying British Empire" and "Gentle Men". He worked with Robb Johnson. Bailey was born in London. +Bailey died on 20 November 2018 in Sheffield, England from heart failure at the age of 83. + += = = Fluorescence microscope = = = +A fluorescence microscope is an optical microscope that uses fluorescence and phosphorescence to study organic or inorganic substances. "Fluorescence microscope" means any microscope that uses fluorescence to make a picture. This applies whether it is a more simple set up or a more complicated design. +Most fluorescence microscopes, especially those used in the life sciences, are of the epifluorescence design shown in the diagram. Light of the excitation wavelength illuminates the specimen through the objective lens. The fluorescence emitted by the specimen is focused onto the detector. The dichroic beamsplitter acts as a wavelength specific filter, transmitting fluoresced light through to the eyepiece or detector, but reflecting any remaining excitation light back towards the source. + += = = White currant = = = +The white currant, or whitecurrant is a cultivar of the red currant. They are flowering plants in the family Grossulaceae native to Europe. Usually, they grow as a shrub and can reach a height of about tall. The plants have palmate leaves, and masses of spherical, edible fruit (berries) in summer. The white currant differs from the red currant only in the colour and flavour of these fruits, which are a translucent white and sweeter. +It is sometimes mislabelled as "Ribes glandulosum", (which is the skunk currant in USA). +Cultivation. +Unlike their close relative the blackcurrant, red and white currants are cultivated for their ornamental value as well as their berries. +Currant bushes grow best in partial to full sunlight and can be planted between November and March in well-drained, slightly neutral to acid soil. They are relatively low-maintenance plants, but are considered cool-climate plants and fruit better in northern areas. They can also be grown in large containers. +The firm and juicy fruit are usually harvested in summer. Whole trusses of fruits should be cut instead of individual fruit, and then either used, or they can be stored in a fridge. They can also be bagged and frozen. +Various forms are known including; 'White Grape', 'Blanka' and 'Versailles Blanche' (syn ‘White Versailles’), and 'White Pearl'. +The cultivar 'White Grape' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. There are also cultivars with yellow and pink fruit, called respectively yellow currants and pink currants. +The bushes can suffer from pests such as gooseberry sawfly and birds. +Culinary uses. +White currant berries are slightly smaller and sweeter than red currants. When made into jams and jellies the result is normally pink. The white currant is actually an albino cultivar of the red currant but is marketed as a different fruit. +White currants are rarely specified in savoury cooking recipes compared with their red counterparts. They are often served raw and provide a sweetly tart flavor. White currant preserves, jellies, wines and syrups are also produced. In particular, white currants are the classic ingredient in the highly regarded Bar-le-duc or Lorraine jelly although preparations made of red currants can also be found. +The berries are a good source of vitamins C and K, and are rich in iron, copper and manganese. + += = = American Wedding = = = +American Wedding is a 2003 American sex comedy movie and a sequel to American Pie and American Pie 2. It is the third (originally intended final) installment in the "American Pie" theatrical series. It was written by Adam Herz and directed by Jesse Dylan. Another sequel, American Reunion, was released nine years later. This also stands as the last movie in the series to be written by Herz, who conceptualized the franchise. + += = = Apisai Ielemia = = = +Apisai Ielemia (19 August 1955 – 19 November 2018) was a Tuvaluan politician. He was the tenth Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 2006 to 2010, and was returned as a member of parliament in 2010. He was re-elected to parliament in 2015. +On 5 October 2016, the High Court of Tuvalu declared that Ielemia’s parliamentary seat was vacant as he was not qualified to be a member of parliament, following his conviction on 6 May 2016 in the Magistrate’s Court of charges of abuse of office during the final year of his term as Prime Minister. Ielemia said he believed himself to be a member of parliament. Ielemia challenged the decision in 2017. + += = = Enele Sopoaga = = = +Enele Sosene Sopoaga PC (born 10 February 1956) is a Tuvaluan politician. He was the 12th Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 2013 until 2019. + += = = Prime Minister of Tuvalu = = = +The Prime Minister of Tuvalu is the head of government of Tuvalu. Because of Tuvalu's constitution, the prime minister must always be a member of the Parliament, and is elected by parliament in a secret ballot. +Because there are no political parties in Tuvalu, any member of parliament can be nominated for the role. After the parliament vote, the Governor-General of Tuvalu must swear in the prime minister. +The office of prime minister was created when Tuvalu gained independence in 1978. Several former prime ministers have been appointed the Governor-General of Tuvalu. + += = = Tomasi Puapua = = = +Sir Tomasi Puapua (born 10 September 1938) is a Tuvaluan politician. He was the Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 1981 to 1989 and then Governor-General of Tuvalu from 1998 to 2003. In 1998 he was made a Knight Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (KBE) for services to medicine, politics and the community. + += = = Kamuta Latasi = = = +Sir Kamuta Latasi (born September 4, 1936) is a Tuvaluan politician. He was elected to the Parliament of Tuvalu in 1992. Latasi was the 4th Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 1993 until 1996. He was the Speaker of parliament from 2006 to September 2010 and again from December 2010 to March 2014. + += = = Toaripi Lauti = = = +Sir Toaripi Lauti (28 November 1928 – 25 May 2014) was a Tuvaluan politician. He was chief minister of the Colony of Tuvalu (1975–78), as the first prime minister following Tuvalu's independence (1978-1981) and governor-general of Tuvalu (1990-1993). + += = = Governor-General of Tuvalu = = = +The Governor-General of Tuvalu is the representative of the Tuvaluan monarch (currently King Charles III) and performs the duties of the King in his absence. +The office has existed since Tuvalu was granted independence from the United Kingdom on 1 October 1978. The current incumbent is Tofiga Vaevalu Falani (). + += = = Iakoba Italeli = = = +Sir Iakoba Taeia Italeli, GCMG, is a Tuvaluan politician. He was the Governor-General of Tuvalu from 16 April 2010 until 22 August 2019. He is also a former Attorney General of Tuvalu who served from 2002 to 2006. + += = = John Hartnell = = = +John Hartnell was an explorer in the Franklin Expedition (Franklin's Lost Expedition). He died early in the trip. +Death. +Studies showed that Hartnell may have died from a zinc deficiency. + += = = Mac Collins = = = +Michael Allen "Mac" Collins (October 15, 1944 – November 20, 2018) was an American politician. He was a Republican politician. Collins was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1993 to 2005, representing (previously from 1993 to 2003). +In 2004, he was an unsuccessful candidate for the United States Senate loosing the nomination to Johnny Isakson. He was born in Jackson, Georgia. +Collins died on November 20, 2018 in Flovilla, Georgia at the age of 74. + += = = Jackson, Georgia = = = +Jackson is a city in Butts County, Georgia, United States. The city is the county seat of Butts County. The population was 5,557 in 2020. + += = = Shlomo Erell = = = +Shlomo Erell (20 November 1920 – 20 November 2018) was an Israeli military personnel. He was a Major General in the IDF, and the seventh Commander of the Israeli Navy. He was born in Łódź, Poland. In the 1970s, he became a member of the Likud party and from time to time he was brought in by Israeli leaders as an advisor of Naval issues. +Erell died on 20 November 2018, on his 98th birthday. + += = = Franklin's lost expedition = = = +Franklin's Lost Expedition was a trip to find the Northwest Passage. During the trip, everyone in the crew got lost or died. +Search and Discovery. +Many people have tried to look for Franklin and what has happened to his crew, but they were not found until later on. Later on bodies of the three explores John Torrington, John Hartnell, and William Braine were discovered. +Then HMS Erebus was found in 2014 of September South of King William Island in Canada + += = = Anvar Khamei = = = +Anvar Khāmahʼī (20 March 1917 – 20 November 2018) was an Iranian sociologist, economist, journalist, and politician. He wrote many books in his specialty fields, including his analytical and critical book "Revisionism from Marx to Mao Tse-Tung". He was a university professor at the Université catholique de Louvain in Belgium. +Khamei was an activist of the Tudeh Party of Iran in the 1940s, but he quit in January 1948. +Khamei died on 20 November 2018 at the age of 101 from respiratory failure in Karaj, Iran. +References. + += = = Eimuntas Nekrošius = = = +Eimuntas Nekrošius (November 21, 1952 – November 20, 2018) was a Lithuanian theatre director. He was born in Pažobris village, Raseiniai district municipality, Lithuania. His career began in 1979. He worked with the Kaunas State Drama Theatre. A movie actor, Nekrošius was known for his role in "The Corridor". He directed plays such as "Macbeth", "Hamlet", "The Day Lasts More Than a Hundred Years" and "Faust". +On November 20, 2018, one day shy of his 66th birthday, Nekrošius died in Vilnius, Lithuania of a heart attack at the age of 65. + += = = Meena Alexander = = = +Meena Alexander (17 February 1951 – 21 November 2018) was an Indian poet, scholar, and writer. She was Distinguished Professor of English at Hunter College and at the CUNY Graduate Center in the PhD program in English. +She published two novels, "Nampally Road" (1991)—which was a Village Voice Literary Supplement Editor's Choice—and "Manhattan Music" (1997), and two academic studies, "The Poetic Self" (1979) and "Women in Romanticism" (1989). "Fault Lines" was chosen by "Publishers Weekly" as one of the best books of the year in 1993. "Illiterate Heart" won the 2002 PEN Open Book Award. +She died on November 21, 2018, at age 67, in New York City. + += = = Olivia Hooker = = = +Olivia J. Hooker (February 12, 1915 – November 21, 2018) was an American psychologist and professor. She was a survivor of the Tulsa race massacre. She was the first African-American woman to enter the U.S. Coast Guard in February 1945. +Biography. +She was in the Coast Guard until her unit was disbanded in mid-1946. She later became a psychologist and a professor at Fordham University. +On November 21, 2018, Hooker died in White Plains, New York, at the age of 103. + += = = Igor Korobov = = = +Colonel general Igor Valentinovich Korobov (, 3 August 1956 – 21 November 2018) was a Russian intelligence officer. He was the Chief of the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Russia's military intelligence agency from 2016 until his death in 2018. Korobov was born in Vyazma, a town in Russia's Smolensk Oblast. +On 29 December 2016, Korobov was one of the individuals sanctioned by the United States Department of the Treasury for "malicious cyber-enabled activities" threatening the national security of the United States. +Death. +Korobov died on 21 November 2018 after a long and serious illness in Moscow at the age of 62. + += = = M. I. Shanavas = = = +M. I. Shanavas (22 September 1951 – 21 November 2018) was an Indian politician. He was the working president of the Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee and a member of parliament of the 16th Lok Sabha of India from 2009 until his death in 2018. Shanavas was born in Kottayam, India. He was a member of the Indian National Congress. +Shanavas died on 21 November 2018 in Chennai, India following complications from a liver transplant at the age of 67. + += = = Lau Nai-keung = = = +Lau Nai-keung (, 1947 – 21 November 2018) was a Hong Kong academic, businessman, and politician. He was the chairman of Long View Cultural Services Limited, a research fellow at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, a member of the Basic Law Consultative Committee and the Commission on Strategic Development. +Lau was a member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference from 1987 to 2007. +Lau died on 21 November 2018 in Happy Valley, Hong Kong from colorectal cancer at the age of 71. + += = = Soslan Andiyev = = = +Soslan Petrovich Andiyev (, 21 April 1952 – 22 November 2018) was a heavyweight freestyle wrestler from Ossetia. +He was an Olympic champion in 1976 and 1980, world champion in 1973, 1975, 1977 and 1978, European champion in 1974, 1975 and 1982, and Soviet champion in 1973–78 and 1980. He won the World Cup in 1976 and 1981, but missed the 1984 Olympics due to their boycott by the Soviet Union and retired the same year. +After that he first worked as a national wrestling coach, but in 1989 returned to his native Ossetia to become a sports functionary. + In 1990–98, he served as vice-president of the Russian Olympic Committee. +In 2006 he was inducted into the FILA Wrestling Hall of Fame. + += = = Baishnab Charan Parida = = = +Baishnab Charan Parida (15 February 1941 – 22 November 2018) was a BJD politician, writer and social activist. He was a Member of Rajya Sabha (the upper house of India's Parliament) and represented Odisha. He was a Socialist. Parida was born in Jajpur, Odisha. +Parida died on 22 November 2018 from liver cancer in Bhubaneshwar, India at the age of 77. + += = = Jose Peralta = = = +José Rafael Peralta (November 10, 1971 – November 22, 2018) was an American politician. He was born in New York City. He was in the New York State Assembly and New York State Senate. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He last represented District 13 in the State Senate. He was elected in a landslide to the New York State Senate on March 16, 2010. +Peralta died at the age of 47 on November 22, 2018 of a heart attack in New York City. + += = = Turing = = = +Turing may refer to: + += = = Ring-necked snake = = = +Diadophis punctatus, also called the ring-necked snake, is a species of snake. Ring-necked snakes live in eastern and central North America. There are many colors and patterns of ring-necked snake. It is called the ring-necked snake because it has a stripe around its neck that looks like a ring. +Ring-necked snakes live in the United States, central Mexico, and southeastern Canada. Ring-necked snakes are nocturnal, which means that they are awake at night. Ring-necked snakes are a little venomous, but they do not hurt people. This is because they are small and do not bite people much. When ring-necked snakes are scared, they curl up their tails. +Scientists think that there are many ring-necked snakes. Scientists do not know exactly how many ring-necked snakes there are. This is because scientists have not studied ring-necked snakes very much. +Ring-necked snakes are the only species of snake in their genus. There are 14 subspecies of ring-necked snake. +Description. +Ring-necked snakes are usually dark-colored, with a bright stripe around their necks. Ring-necked snakes that live in different areas may look different. Their heads are usually darker-colored than the rest of their bodies. +Snakes living in different areas are often different sizes. Adults are usually long. Young snakes less than a year old are usually about and grow about a year. +Ring-necked snakes have smooth scales with 15–17 rows of scales in middle of their bodies. +Habitat. +Ring-necked snakes live in many kinds of habitats. The Northern and western subspecies live in open woodlands near rocky hills, or in wetter environments with many places to hide. Southern subspecies mostly live in riparian and wet environments, especially in more arid, or dry, habitats. The snakes like it when their habitat is a little wet. Ring-necked snakes do not live higher than above sea level. In northern areas, ring-necked snakes may live in dens. Usually, more than one snake will live in one den. Ring-necked snakes often hide under pieces of wood. When it is hot, ring-necked snakes may make holes and burrows to hide in. They may also hide under rocks or other objects. Ring-necked snakes usually live in flatland forests. +Diet. +Ring-necked snakes mostly eat salamanders, earthworms, and slugs. They sometimes eat lizards, frogs, and some young snakes of other species. Ring-necked snakes in different habitats may eat different amounts of some species. Ring-necked snakes kill their prey with constriction, which is squeezing prey to kill it, and envenomation, which is using their venom. Ring-necked snakes usually don't try to hurt bigger animals. Instead of biting bigger animals, the snake curls up its tail, showing its brightly colored stomach. +Predators. +Coral snakes, kingsnakes, and racers are predators of ring-necked snakes. Sometimes, large spiders or centipedes will eat young ring-necked snakes. +Subspecies. +There are 14 subspecies of ring-necked snake. + += = = Corydoras panda = = = +Corydoras panda is a species of catfish. It is in the genus "Corydoras", which is in the family Callichthyidae. "Corydoras panda" lives in rivers in Peru and Ecuador. The species was first collected by Randolph H. Richards in 1968. It was named "Corydoras panda" by Nijssen and Isbrücker in 1971. It is called "Corydoras panda" because the black stripes around its eyes look similar to the eyes of the giant panda. The common names for this fish are panda corydoras and panda catfish. "Corydoras panda" is a popular species to keep in aquariums. + += = = Gayla Peevey = = = +Gayla Rienette Peevey (born March 8, 1943) is an American former singer and child star. She is best known for her humorous song "I Want a Hippopotamus for Christmas". Peevey recorded it under her maiden name in 1953 at age 10. +In 1960, under the name Jamie Horton, Peevey had a minor hit with the song "Robot Man", a Connie Francis cover. +Peevey graduated from San Diego State University with a Bachelor of Education degree. She later left teaching. She owned her own advertising business for 15 years. +Peevey was born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. In 1948, she and her family moved to Ponca City. + += = = 2018 United States Senate election in Florida = = = +The 2018 United States Senate election in Florida took place on November 6, 2018. +Bill Nelson ran for a fourth term. He ran against Republican Rick Scott. +The campaign was very competitive. It was one of the most competitive Senate elections in the nation. +The victory margin was very close, so a recount was needed to find a winner. On November 18, Rick Scott officially won the election. +Primary election. +Democratic. +No Democratic primary was held. + += = = Twice = = = +Twice () is a South Korean girl group. The group was created through the reality show "Sixteen." There are nine members in the group. They are Nayeon, Jeongyeon, Momo, Sana, Jihyo, Mina, Dahyun, Chaeyoung and Tzuyu. +On October 20, 2015, Twice released their first extended play "The Story Begins". +History. +2013–2015: Creation through Sixteen and debut mini album. +On December 19, 2013, JYP Entertainment announced that they would create a new girl group in the first half of 2014, the first all girl group to come out of the company since Miss A in 2010. On February 27, 2014, JYP trainees Lena and Cecila were confirmed as members of the group called 6mix, while other rumored members included Nayeon, Jeongyeon, Jihyo and Minyoung. The group was eventually cancelled when Lena and Cecilia left the company. +In February, Park Jin-young announced the lineup of the upcoming girl group would feature seven members and be decided through Sixteen, a television competition show that would air on Mnet later that year. The show began on May 5 and ended with Nayeon, Jeongyeon, Sana, Jihyo, Mina, Dahyun and Chaeyoung as the seven Twice members. Later, Park decided to add two more girls into the group, making Twice a nine member group by adding Tzuyu, who was added as the audience favorite due to bring the most popular contestant by the end of the show and Momo, who was added by Park himself since he felt the group needed someone with Momo's performance abilities. Momo had already been eliminated a few episodes before the finale, so the decision was disliked by some fans. +On October 7, 2015 the group's official website was created and their first extended play, "The Story Begins", would be released with the single "Like Ooh-Ahh" which was released on October 20. On the same day as their EP's release the group performed all tracks at a live performance. The music video was watched 50 million times on YouTube within five months of it's release and became one of the most-viewed debut music videos of any K-pop group. The group performed "Like Ooh-Ahh" at "SBS Gayo Daejeon" at the end of 2015. +2016–2017: Rise in popularity, first tour and first album in Japanese. +Twice released their second EP, "Page Two", on April 25, 2016. It included their singles "Cheer Up" and "I'm Gonna Be A Star", the second which served as the theme song for "Sixteen". On May 5 Twice won their first music show award with "Cheer Up" on "M Countdown", which fell exactly one year after the first episode aired of Sixteen. By August, "Page Two" had sold over 150,000 copies making Twice the first girl group to have a sales record of more than 100,000 units that year. +2018–present. +In January, Twice began their first Japanese tour which was held from January 19th until February 1. Afterwards, Twice released their second Japanese single, "Candy Pop", on February 7, 2018. +On April 9, they released their fifth EP, "What Is Love?". This EP gave Twice the title of the first female artists to gain a Platinum award in Korea, selling over 250,000 copies of the album. On April 24, Twice released the music video for their third Japanese album, "Wake Me Up", which was released on May 16, 2018. The release of the single album broke records of first day sales. Twice broke records in Japan with their three singles having sold almost 300,000 copies in the first week of being released. +Awards and nominations. +Twice received its first-ever nomination and award at the 2015 Mnet Asian Music Awards with the Best New Female Artist award, followed by another New Artist Award at the 2016 Golden Disc Awards. + += = = The Conners = = = +The Conners is an American television sitcom. The show is a spin-off of the American television sitcom "Roseanne". The show follows the title family, the Conners. +The Conners are a working-class family. They work hard to get by on a limited household income. They're forced to face the daily struggles in their home in the fictional town of Lanford, Illinois. +The series stars John Goodman, Sara Gilbert, Lecy Goranson, Laurie Metcalf and Emma Kenney. Almost all continue their roles from the TV series "Roseanne". +Development on a spin-off began when the series "Roseanne" was canceled in May 2018. The show was canceled when actress Roseanne Barr made racist remarks on Twitter that month. +"The Conners" airs at tge same time that the previous show, "Roseanne", had been scheduled to air during the 2018–19 television season. It airs at 8:00 pm Eastern Time and 7:00 pm Central Time. +The show's first season began on October 26, 2018 on the ABC network. + += = = Lehigh County, Pennsylvania = = = +Lehigh County is a county of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, 374,557 people lived there. Its county seat is Allentown. + += = = Elkhart, Texas = = = +Elkhart is a town in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Frankston, Texas = = = +Frankston is a town in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Alba, Texas = = = +Alba is a town in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Alma, Texas = = = +Alma is a town in the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Alto, Texas = = = +Alto is a town in Cherokee County, Texas. At the 2020 census, 1,027 people lived there. + += = = Mummy Juanita = = = +Momia Juanita (Spanish for "Mummy Juanita"), also known as the Lady of Ampato, is the frozen body of girl who lived about 500 years ago and was used as an offering to the gods. +She was an Inca girl who was killed as an offering to the Inca gods. This was done sometime between 1450 and 1480 when she was about 12–15 years old. She was discovered in 1995 on Mount Ampato (part of the Andes cordillera) in southern Peru. + += = = Marvin Zuckerman = = = +Marvin Zuckerman (March 21, 1928 – November 8, 2018) was an American psychologist and writer. He was born in Chicago. Zuckerman was Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of Delaware. Zuckerman was best known for his research into the psychobiological basis of human personality, sensory deprivation, mood state measurement, and sensation seeking. +Zuckerman died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from cardiac arrest on November 8, 2018 at the age of 90. + += = = 2018 United States Senate election in North Dakota = = = +The 2018 United States Senate election in North Dakota took place on November 6, 2018. Heidi Heitkamp ran for a second term. She ran against Republican Kevin Cramer. +Kevin Cramer won the election. + += = = Gene Berce = = = +Eugene Daniel Berce (November 22, 1926 – November 17, 2018) was an American basketball player. He played for the Cornell Big Red and what are now the Marquette Golden Eagles. He was selected by the New York Knicks in the 1948 NBA Draft. He played for the Tri-Cities Blackhawks from 1949 to 1950. +Berce was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He died of complications from a fall on November 17, 2018 in Milwaukee at the age of 91. + += = = Eddie C. Campbell = = = +Eddie C. Campbell (May 6, 1939 – November 20, 2018) was an American blues guitarist and singer in the Chicago blues scene. He was born in Duncan, Mississippi, but raised in Chicago. Campbell's debut album, "King of the Jungle" was released in 1977. Campbell's last album was "Spider Eating Preacher" (Delmark, 2012). It was nominated for a Blues Music Award in 2013 in the category Traditional Blues Album. +Campbell died in Oak Park, Illinois on November 20, 2018 from complications of a stroke, aged 79. + += = = Tulsa race massacre = = = +The Tulsa race massacre, sometimes called as the Tulsa race riot, Tulsa pogrom, or Tulsa massacre, took place on May 31 and June 1, 1921. During the riot, a mob of white citizens attacked black residents and businesses in Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States. +This is considered one of the worst incidents of racial violence in the history of the United States. The attack was made on the ground and from aircraft. It destroyed more than 35 blocks of the district. At the time it was the richest black community in the United States. +Over 800 people were injured in the riot. It is estimated that over 100 people were killed. + += = = Bujor Hălmăgeanu = = = +Bujor Hălmăgeanu (14 February 1941 — 23 November 2018) was a Romanian association football defender and manager. He competed for his country at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, where Romania reached the quarter-finals. He was born in Timişoara, Romania. Hălmăgeanu played for the Steaua București and the national team. He also managed Dacia Unirea Brăila. +Hălmăgeanu died on 23 November 2018 from respiratory failure in Bucharest at the age of 77. +History. +Bujor Hălmăgeanu was a man who played football for Romania. He was born in 1941 in Timișoara, a city in Romania. He died in 2018. He was 77 years old. +He started playing football when he was young. He played for different teams in Romania, but his best team was Steaua București. He won many trophies with them. He also played for the national team of Romania 22 times. He went to the Olympics in 1964 in Tokyo, Japan. +After he stopped playing football, he became a coach. He coached different teams in Romania, but he also coached Steaua București for a short time. +He was a good football player and a good coach. Many people remember him and respect him. + += = = Bob McNair = = = +Robert C. McNair (1 January 1937 – 23 November 2018) was an American businessman and philanthropist. He was born in Tampa, Florida. McNair was the owner of the Houston Texans of the National Football League (NFL). In September 2015, his net worth was $3.3 billion. +McNair was a Republican. He donated to many Republican political candidates including Ted Cruz, Rick Perry, Marco Rubio, Rick Scott, Mitt Romney, John McCain and Mitch McConnell. +McNair died on November 23, 2018 in Houston, Texas from skin cancer at the age of 81. + += = = Net worth = = = +Net worth is the amount of all the non-financial or financial money owned by an institution or person. Net worth can apply to companies, individuals, governments or economic sectors such as the sector of financial corporations or to entire countries. + += = = Monroe, Georgia = = = +Monroe is a city in Walton County, Georgia, United States. It is located east of Atlanta. The population was 14,928 at the 2020 census. +It was incorporated as a town in 1821 and as a city in 1896. + += = = George Ty = = = +George Siao Kian Ty (, 18 October 1932 – 23 November 2018) was a Filipino banker and business magnate. He founded Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company. He was born in Hong Kong. Ty had a net worth of $2.5 billion (September 2018). +Ty died on 23 November 2018 in Manila, Philippines from pancreatic cancer at the age of 86. + += = = Montello, Wisconsin = = = +Montello is a city in and the county seat of Marquette County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,448 at the 2020 census. The Fox River flows through the city. Montello is home to the largest tree in Wisconsin. + += = = 2018 United States Senate election in California = = = +The 2018 United States Senate election in California took place on November 6, 2018. Incumbent Democrat Dianne Feinstein and Democrat Kevin de León won the primary election, so they were both featured in the general election. +Dianne Feinstein won the election. +General election. +Results by county. +Blue represents counties won by Feinstein. Green represents counties won by de León. + += = = Power supply unit = = = +A power supply unit (PSU) is a part of the computer that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). Other parts of the computer need this DC power so that they can work. The PSU makes sure that the DC output voltage can be handled by these computer parts. +Modern personal computers always use switched-mode power supplies, which has both efficiency advantages and makes designing for multiple voltage inputs easier. This means that most PSUs can operate in different countries where the power input might change. In the UK, the voltage is 240V 50Hz, whereas in the USA the voltage is 120V 60Hz, and in Australia it is 230V 50Hz. Some power supplies have a manual switch for selecting input voltage, while others automatically adapt to the mains voltage. +Most modern desktop personal computer power supplies conform to the ATX specification, which includes form factor and voltage tolerances. While an ATX power supply is connected to the mains supply, it always provides a 5-volt standby (5VSB) power so that the standby functions on the computer and certain peripherals are powered. ATX power supplies are turned on and off by a signal from the motherboard. + += = = List of universities in Canada = = = +This is a list of universities in Canada. + += = = Carleton University = = = +Carleton University (previously Carleton College) is a public university in Ottawa, Canada. It started as a private evening college for veterans who were returning from World War II. + += = = University of Ottawa = = = +The University of Ottawa is a university in Ottawa, Canada. It is a bilingual university teaching in both French and English. + += = = Algonquin College = = = +Algonquin College is a college in Ottawa, Canada. + += = = Toronto Metropolitan University = = = +The Toronto Metropolitan University is a university in Toronto, Canada. +The university's original name was the "Ryerson Institute of Technology". It was named after Egerton Ryerson. From 2002 to 2022, the university was called Ryerson University. Because Egerton Ryerson was involved in the creation of the Canadian Indian residential school system, many students and staff at the university wanted to change its name. In 2022, it was decided to rename the university to the Toronto Metropolitan University. + += = = Magadan Oblast = = = +Magadan Oblast is one of 85 federal subjects of Russia. It is located in the Asian part of Russia. It is grouped and governed as part of the Far Eastern District. The Far Eastern District contains ten other federal subjects too. +History. +In the past, Magadan was home to native Evens who didn't live in one place for long. They frequently traveled because they reared reindeer, hunted and fished. In the 17th century, the Russians, who were Europeans, first arrived in the area. They came to explore the Far East. They were looking for furs and gold. They also named the area Kolyma. Kolyma still remains as a popular name for the region. Gold and platinum were discovered in the area in the early 19th century. During Stalin's rule in the 1930s, the Soviet Union was rapidly developing because of industrialization. Therefore, there was an increase in demand for gold to pay for this industrialization. This led to many mines opening in the region. Many gulags were also opened to house the increasing forced labour population. The labourers were brought in to help dig out the minerals or make roads into the area. Magadan was famous as a result for the most number of gulag camps in the far eastern region. Prisoners-of-war during World War II were also brought to the area. After the death of Stalin in 1953, the gulags were slowly closed down and most prisoners were released. Mining activity continued with paid workers taking over the job. Living standards fell while the Soviet Union attempted to improve the economy during perestroika. This caused a lot of people to leave Magadan to find for a better life. +Geography. +Magadan is in the far eastern part of Siberia. Because of this, it has a subarctic climate with long, cold winters, and short, mild summers. There is not a lot of rainfall in the area. The landscape is mostly mountainous except in areas closer to the Sea of Okhotsk. There are plenty of animals, birds and plants in the area. The area is also very rich in minerals, like gold, silver, tin, and tungsten. +Demographics. +Magadan's population has gone down since the end of the Soviet Union. Most people live in cities and towns, like the capital, the city of Magadan. The population consists mostly of Russians. Ethnic Evens and other natives compose of only a small part of the population. Most people in Magadan practice Orthodox Christianity or are spiritual but not religious. Some ethnic Evens still practice Shamanism or certain aspects of it, which is a belief that worships spirits and nature. Russian is taught and used commonly in Magadan. But the local Even language is still taught in some pre-school and elementary school. It is used mostly at home. +Economy. +The economy of Magadan is mostly reliant on the mining of minerals, like gold, silver and tin. In 2005, President Vladimir Putin supported reducing tax for businesses involved in mineral mining. Another major industry in the area is fishing. There are limited rearing of animals or growing of crops because of the climate. This results in having to bring in food for the people living in Magadan. Many people in the area do not have jobs. This is because a lot of companies have closed down due to the harsh climate and the poor condition of buildings and equipment. The government has allowed for the Special Economic Zone in Magadan to be created and extended till December 31, 2025. This was done to attract investors and business to come to Magadan. +Politics. +The Governor of Magadan is the leader of the oblast. The Governor is chosen by public vote every five years. The Magadan Oblast Duma, is the oblast's parliament. The Duma lawmakers are chosen similarly by the public every five years. The majority of lawmakers in the Duma are currently from the United Russia party. The United Russia party is the ruling party of Russia. +Transportation. +Magadan is currently only connected with the rest of Russia by a road called the Kolyma Highway. There are no railways operating in the area. But there have been plans for the near future to have a railway line running towards Chukotka while cutting through Magadan. Long-distance travel can also be done by air or sea. The oblast has several airports, such as the Sokol Airport. Flights from these airports link Magadan to cities further away. There are no international flights into the area. + += = = Mahira Khan = = = +Mahira Khan (born 21 December 1984) is a Pakistani actress, known for her role in the drama serial Humsafar. +Early Life. +Born in Karachi, in an Urdu-speaking family, Khan moved to California at the age of 17 for higher studies. She studied in the University of Southern California, before returning to Pakistan in 2008. +Career. +Khan started her career as a VJ. Her first role was in the movie Bol in 2011. +Her first major role came in the drama serial Humsafar, which established her as one of the leading stars in the country. The role earned her the Lux Style Award for Satellite Best TV Actress. +Later, she went on to win more awards which include Best Actress Awards from Pakistan Media Awards for her role in Shehr-e-Zaat, and a Lux Style Award for Best TV Actress, two Hum Awards and a Hum Award nomination for "Sadqay Tumhare". +In 2017,she played opposite Shah Rukh Khan in the Bollywood movie "Raees". + += = = Lakehead University = = = +The Lakehead University is a university in Thunder Bay, Canada. +Faculties. +Lakehead has the following faculties: + += = = Becoming (book) = = = +Becoming is a memoir written by former First Lady Michelle Obama. The book was written by a ghostwriter and a team of people who helped finish the book. It was published in November 2018. +In 2009, with the help of writer Lyric Winik, she wrote another book called "American Grown". +Becoming sold three million books shortly after it was first published. It became the best selling book of 2018. + += = = Children of Llullaillaco = = = +The Children of Llullaillaco were 3 mummies of children who were found in Argentina. It appears that they had been sacrificed to the Incan gods. +Discovery. +These mummies were discovered at the top of a mountain in the Andes. They were found to be "the world's best preserved mummies" + += = = Norton Power Eraser = = = +Norton Power Eraser (NPE) is a free tool that can be used to scan for malware on a computer. + += = = T&T Supermarket = = = +T&T Supermarket is a Asian-Canadian grocery chain of stores. The company is owned by Loblaw Companies. T&T is also the largest Asian Grocery chain in Canada. + += = = The Real Canadian Superstore = = = +The Real Canadian Superstore is a chain of grocery stores located across Canada. The company is owned by Loblaw Companies, and was founded on October 16, 1977. + += = = Loblaw Companies = = = +Loblaw Companies is a major Canadian food retailer. Loblaws owns most mass Canadian Grocery Stores, Such as T&T Supermarket + += = = The Forks, Winnipeg = = = +The Forks is the name given to the place where the Red River of the North and Assiniboine River river join (their confluence). It is located in the city of Winnipeg, Canada. +History. +The location of The Forks was the same for 700 years. Before that, the Assiniboine River joined the Red River of the North near the end of the La Salle River. +Events. +Canada Day is celebrated in The Forks. + += = = 2018 California wildfires = = = +The 2018 California wildfires killed more people and did more damage than any other year on record. More than 7,500 wildfires burned an area of . That was the largest number of acres burned in a recorded fire season, according to the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (Cal Fire) and National Interagency Fire Center, as of November 11, 2018. +The fires caused more than US$2.975 billion in damage. That included $1.366 billion in wildfire suppression costs. Through the end of August 2018, Cal Fire alone spent over $432 million on operations. +The Mendocino Complex Fire was the biggest wildfire in California history. This fire caused over $257 million in damage. At least one firefighter was killed. +The Camp Fire did more damage than any other in California history. The fire alone destroyed or damaged more than 17,000 homes and businesses. It also killed 84 people. +More than 100 people were killed by the wildfires in California in 2018. The wildfires caused billions of dollars in damage. + += = = Firefighting = = = +Firefighting is the act of trying to prevent the spread of and put out unwanted fires. The fires can be in buildings, vehicles, woodlands, and other places. A firefighter puts out fires to protect property, people and the environment. +Firefighters usually go through a lot of technical training. This includes fighting fires in buildings, cars and the woods. +One of the major hazards with firefighting is the poisonous environment made by things burning. Four major risks are smoke, oxygen deficiency, high temperatures and poisons in the air. To protect themselves from smoke, firefighters will wear a device called a breathing apparatus. +One way to put out fires is to spray them with water. The water does two things: it vaporizes when it comes in contact with fire. The water vapor leaves the fire with less oxygen, which it needs to keep burning. The other thing water does is make things cooler. That can keep the fire from burning because things will not burn if they are not hot enough. + += = = Trevor Devall = = = +Trevor Jay Devall (born November 10, 1972) is a Canadian actor, voice artist, and comedian, known as the voice of Iron Will and additional voices in '. He also voiced Shaw in ', filling in for Gary Sinise. +Early life. +Trevor was born Trevor Jay Devall in Edmonton, Alberta on November 10, 1972. He is the youngest of five siblings. He was into theatre and did tap, jazz and Polynesian dance as a child. He attended the University of Alberta for drama and directed stage productions, as well as student movies. +Trevor moved to Vancouver in 1998 to pursue a movie directing career. While working for a talent agency, he made a demo tape for them and began landing work as a voice actor. +Career. +In March 2015, it was announced Devall would be the voice of Rocket Raccoon in Marvel's animated "Guardians of the Galaxy". +Voiceprint. +Since 2007, Devall produced his own podcast, "Voiceprint with Trevor Devall & Guests", where he interviewed fellow Vancouver-based voice actors and answered questions from fans. Each episode featured a different voice actor as the episode guest, though some episodes featured other people in the voice-acting business that may not actually be voice actors themselves; or behind-the-scenes looks at the life of a voice actor. Topics usually included how the guest made it into the voice-acting business, what it is like working in the industry, and the general lifestyle of a voice actor. The series concluded its first season after 36 episodes in December 2013. The second season was announced in the final episode of season 1, as Trevor moves to Los Angeles, California to continue his career and the show. + += = = William Wilson = = = +William Wilson, or variants, may mean: + += = = Eco-socialism = = = +Eco-socialism is an ideology that mixes socialism with green politics, environmentalism, ecology, anti-capitalism and anti-globalisation. Eco-socialists believe that capitalism, along with imperialism and globalisation, causes war, poverty, and the destruction of the environment. +Eco-socialists want community ownership of the means of production, and to restore the environment. + += = = Pat Riley = = = +Patrick James "Pat" Riley (born March 20, 1945) is an American basketball coach and player in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has been the team president of the Miami Heat since 1995 and head coach on two separate tenures (1995 through 2003, and 2005 through 2008). +When he was a basketball player, he played for the San Diego Rockets, Los Angeles Lakers and the Phoenix Suns. +Riley was born in Rome, New York, but raised in Schenectady, New York. He studied at the University of Kentucky. + += = = Xuanwu District = = = +Xuanwu District is a district of Nanjing, China. About 625,000 people live there. +Its name comes from Xuanwu Gate, the north gate of the old city walls. +Xuanwu District is in central Nanjing. When Nanjing was the capital city of China in the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s, Xuanwu District was the place with China's capitol and its presidential palace. It is still the home of Nanjing's city government. +As the central area of Nanjing, Xuanwu is home to many important places. Some of the most important are Xuanwu Lake, the old presidential palace and city wall, Sun Yat-sen's Tomb and the Ming Tombs, and Purple Mountain. +Its many schools include Southwest University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Forestry University, the Nanjing University of Science and Technology, the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. + += = = Neo-Luddism = = = +Neo-Luddism or new Luddism is a movement of people who are against modern technology. The word Luddite can be an offensive term to describe someone who is afraid of technology. +The movement is named after the English Luddites, who were active between 1811 and 1816. The Luddites were textile workers. They were against the new textile machinery. They believed that the machines would replace the workers over time. In response, the Luddites destroyed many of the textile machines. +Neo-Luddites are concerned about the effect technology has on the environment, people, and/or communities. +The neo-Luddite movement has connections with the anti-globalisation movement, anarcho-primitivism, and radical environmentalism. + += = = Luddite = = = +The Luddites were an early 19th century radical group which destroyed textile machinery as a form of protest. +The group was protesting against the use of machinery in a "fraudulent and deceitful manner" to get around standard labour practices. They were English textile workers who took an oath to resist machinery in the textile industry. +Luddites feared that the time spent learning the skills of their craft would go to waste as machines would replace their role in the industry. They were largely correct, but on the other hand, the textile industry grew to be a major exporter of cloth. Parliament made "machine breaking" (industrial sabotage) a capital crime with the Frame Breaking Act of 1812 . +It is not quite right that Luddites protested against the machinery itself in an attempt to halt progress. However, over time, the term has come to mean one opposed to industrialisation, automation, or new technologies in general. +The Luddite movement began in Nottingham and ended in a region-wide rebellion that lasted from 1811 to 1816. Mill and factory owners took to shooting protesters. Eventually the movement was suppressed with military force. + += = = Sakha = = = +The Republic of Sakha also known as Yakutia is one of 85 federal subjects of Russia. It is in the Siberia area of Russia. It is grouped and governed as part of the Far Eastern District. The Far Eastern District contains ten other federal subjects too. Sakha is the largest federal subject of Russia. It stretches across three time zones between UTC+9 and UTC+11. The name Yakutia is also used to refer to the same area. The Yakut people speak a Turkic language. +History. +In the past, Yakutia was home to small groups of native tribesmen that hunt to survive. In the 13th to 14 century, the Yakuts started moving north from Lake Baikal to the area. Most of the Yakuts merged or took over the lands of these native tribesmen. +The Yakuts were different from the other tribesmen because they reared cattle, horses and practiced blacksmith skills. These skills allowed them to stay longer in one place. During the 17th century, the Russians, who were Europeans, first arrived in the region. The Yakut tribes united under the famous King Tygyn Darkhan to fight the Russians. But the Yakuts lost because they did not have guns. The Russians then brought the Yakuts under their control and continued to move eastwards. Years later, many people were punished by sending them to live in Yakutia in exile. This was because Yakutia was far from most places. Between 1921 and 1923, during the Russian Civil War, the area was the last land remaining under the control of the White Russians. The area was eventually brought under the control of the Bolsheviks's Red Army. This event was known as the Yakut Revolt. +Under Stalin's rule, several gulags were opened in the area. These gulags were used to house the growing forced labour population. These labourers were brought in to mine the gold minerals to pay for the Soviet Union's industrialization. After the Soviet Union collapsed, Yakutia was given the name Republic of Sakha and continues to be a republic in Russia. +Geography. +Sakha is in the north part of Eastern Siberia. Because Sakha is very big, it experiences both polar tundra and subarctic climate. Both climates have long, cold winters, and short, mild summers. There is not a lot of rainfall in the area because of the climate. The tundra climate makes the northern part of Sakha empty and mostly frozen. The subarctic climate allows the southern part of Sakha to have taiga type of forests. +These forests have many animals and birds. There are several mountain ranges around Sakha as well. The Lena Pillars are rock structures found in Sakha. The Lena Pillars are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The region is also rich in minerals like diamond, gold, and coal. The area is also famous for its extreme temperatures. For example during winter the temperature can go to as low as and during summer as high as . +Demographics. +Sakha's population at the end of the Soviet Union decreased for some time according to data. It is currently increasing again. More than half of the population live in cities and towns. Most that do so live in the capital, Yakutsk. Ethnic Yakuts who are Turkic people compose of about half of the population. Russians mostly make up the other half of the population. Most people in Sakha practice Orthodox Christianity or are atheists. Certain aspects of Shamanism, which is a belief that worships spirits and nature, is still practiced by ethnic Yakuts. In recent times, more natives have shown increasing interest in practicing Shamanism. Russian is taught and used commonly in Sakha. But the Yakut language is still commonly used between different native tribes, that are not Yakuts, to talk to one another. Yakut is also taught in some schools and is also used at home. +Culture. +The Olonkho is a famous Yakut tale about great people and animals. It talks about legends and present day issues like the breaking apart of Yakut families. It is only performed by experts who have learn the tale thoroughly. This is because the tale is very long. The tale is part of the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. This means that the tale is widely accepted to be important and needs to prevented from being forgotten. +The Republic Day is celebrated on April 27 every year. It celebrates the formation of Yakut ASSR during the Soviet Union in 1922. The Yhy�kh festival is celebrated between 10 and 25 June every year. It is one of two New Year's Day celebrated by the Yakut people. The other being the more recognized New Year's Day in January. It is celebrated to mark the start of the short summer. +Economy. +The economy of Sakha mostly relies on the mining of minerals like diamonds, gold, tin and coal. It is the region's largest producer of minerals and raw materials. Sakha also produces 99% of Russia's diamonds. This accounts for about 25% of the world's diamond output. The making of construction materials, jewellery and medicine are also major industries in Sakha. In contrast, the native Yakut people rear cattle and horses or hunt and fish to provide for themselves as well. +Politics. +The Head of Sakha is the leader of the republic. The Head is chosen by public vote every five years. The Il Tumen (Legislative Assembly), is the republic's parliament. The Il Tumen are chosen similarly by the public every five years. The majority of lawmakers in the Il Tumen are currently from the United Russia party. The United Russia party is the ruling party of Russia. +Transportation. +Sakha lies north of the important Trans-Siberian railway and Trans-Siberian Highway. Thus there is some distance between the republic and the main travelling routes across the country. The main road link in Sakha is the Lena Highway towards the south or the Kolyma Highway towards the east. The roads can generally be passed all year round, except across the Lena River where there is no bridge. Therefore, cars have to take a ferry across the river during summer or drive on the ice in winter. The Amur-Yakutsk train line connects Sakha with the rest of the Trans-Siberian railway. The republic has several airports, including the Yakutsk International Airport. Flights from these airports link Sakha to cities further away. The usage of the Northern Sea Route to transport goods is also possible at certain times of the year. + += = = Playa Coyote = = = +Playa Coyote, formerly Puerto Coyote, is one of the secluded beaches in Costa Rica. It is on the Pacific side of the Nicoya Peninsula in the province of Guanacaste. It is on the beautiful and unspoilt Pacific coast. + += = = Poi (food) = = = +Poi is food eaten in Hawaii, but it was actually made in Polynesia. It is made from taro. + += = = Rome, New York = = = +Rome is a city in Oneida County, New York, United States. The population was 32,127 at the 2020 census. + += = = Mick McGeough = = = +Michael "Mick" McGeough (pronounced "mik-GOOH"; June 20, 1956 – November 23, 2018) was an ice hockey referee. He officiated in the National Hockey League (NHL), wearing number 19 from the 1994–95 NHL season until his retirement in 2008. He was born in Regina, Saskatchewan. +In retirement he began helping the NHL bring up new referee recruits from the American Hockey League and was named to the Saskatchewan Hockey Hall of Fame in 2013. +McGeough died of a stroke on November 23, 2018 in Regina, aged 62. + += = = Gerard Unger = = = +Gerard Unger (22 January 1942 – 23 November 2018) was a Dutch graphic and type designer. +Biography. +He was born in Arnhem, Netherlands. He worked at Total Design, Prad and Joh. Enschedé. In 1975, he became an independent developer. He was a long-time guest lecturer at the University of Reading, he mentored many modern typeface designers. +Unger died on 23 November 2018 in Bussum, Netherlands from stomach cancer at the age of 76. + += = = White wagtail = = = +The white wagtail ("Motacilla alba") is a species of bird. +Conservation. +They are not an endangered species. They have a stable population of between 130 million and 300 million adult birds. They are found in Europe, Asia and northern Africa. It is possible that climate change is affecting their migration. +Pied wagtail. +The pied wagtail is a subspecies of the white wagtail.They are 18cm long, have a wingspan of between 25 and 30cm and weigh between 17 and 25grams. + += = = Dossibai Patell = = = +Dossibai Rustomji Cowasji Patell MBE (16 October 1881 - 4 February 1960) was a Parsi obstetrician and gynaecologist from Bombay, who in 1910 became the first woman to become a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. + += = = Porcelain Tower = = = +The Porcelain Tower was a giant porcelain-covered pagoda (Chinese tower) in Nanjing, China. It was destroyed, but a copy has been built beside the Qinhuai River. +The first tower was planned by the Yongle Emperor of the Ming family of rulers in the early 1400s. It was built under his grandson the Xuande Emperor as part of his work on the Great Bao'en Temple between 1428 and 1431. It was 30meters (97feet) high and had 9 floors. The top of the tower had a golden pineapple. This first porcelain tower was destroyed by the Taipings in 1856. +After Deng Xiaoping's Opening Up Policy made China richer, a successful businessman named Wang Jianlin gave Nanjing 1,000,000,000 in 2010 to rebuild the Porcelain Tower. The copy and the park around it opened in December 2015. + += = = Pierre Duchesne = = = +Pierre Duchesne (born February 27, 1940) is a Canadian statesman. He was the 28th lieutenant-governor of Quebec. He represents the crown. + += = = Parañaque = = = +Parañaque, officially the City of Parañaque (), in the Philippines, is one of the sixteen cities that make up Metro Manila. +Parañaque is the home of the PAGCOR Entertainment City, a gaming and entertainment complex under development by the state owned Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation spanning an area of in Bay City, where four large integrated resorts are based namely Solaire Resort & Casino, City of Dreams Manila, Okada Manila, and the soon to be completed Westside City Resorts World. It is also the home of the Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange public transport and the Aseana City business district development which includes Ayala Malls Manila Bay. +Barangays. +Parañaque has divided into 16 barangays. + += = = Gudenå = = = +Gudenå (pronounced "Goo-den-o") is the longest river in Denmark. It is long. The river starts at a spring called "Tinnet Krat". It flows through Jutland. +It is useful for both canoeing and birdwatching. + += = = Pasig River = = = +The Pasig River is a river that passes through the capital of the Philippines, Manila. It is named after the city Pasig. It has a drainage basin that is bigger than 4,000 square kilometers, but is only 25 kilometers long. It is very polluted. + += = = Chi Cygni = = = +Chi Cygni is a Mira variable star located in the Cygnus constellation. It is 737 times larger than the Sun. Chi Cygni is a red giant star that is about to end its life. + += = = Ambareesh = = = +Malavalli Huchche Gowda Amarnath (29 May 1952 – 24 November 2018) known by his screen name Ambareesh, was an Indian actor and politician. He was known for his Bollywood movie roles in "Naagarahaavu" and in "Paduvaaralli Pandavaru". He was known as "Mandayada Gandu" (English: Man of Mandya). He was born in Doddarasinakere, Karnataka. +In his political career, Ambareesh, a member of the Indian National Congress, was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1998 and retired in 2009. He also was India's Minister of Information and Broadcasting from 2006 to 2007 when Manmohan Singh was Prime Minister. +Ambareesh died on 24 November 2018 at a Bangalore hospital from a heart attack at the age of 66. + += = = Věra Růžičková = = = +Věra Růžičková (10 August 1928 – 24 November 2018) was a Czechoslovak gymnast. She competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics. She was born in Brno. She won a gold medal as a member of the Czechoslovak squad in the team competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London. +Růžičková died in Prague on 24 November 2018 from breast cancer at the age of 90. + += = = Eddie Reeves = = = +Edward Benton "Eddie" Reeves (November 17, 1939 – November 18, 2018) is an American songwriter, recording artist, music publisher, artist manager, record company executive, and author. He was born in Austin, Texas, but raised in Amarillo, Texas. He was known for writing "All I Ever Need Is You", which has been covered by Ray Charles, Sonny & Cher, Ray Sanders, Andre Hazes, Tom Jones, Sammi Smith, Chet Atkins & Jerry Reed and Kenny Rogers & Dottie West. Reeves was nominated for three Grammy Awards. +Reeves died in Houston from a stroke on November 18, 2018 one day after his 79th birthday. + += = = Randolph L. Braham = = = +Randolph Louis Braham (December 20, 1922 – November 25, 2018) was an American historian and political scientist. He was born in Bucharest, Romania. He was Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the City College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. +He was the author or editor of over 60 books and co-authored or written chapters to 50 others and published a large number of scholarly articles. His works dealt with the Holocaust in Hungary and 20th-century Hungarian history, as well as history in post-World War II politics in Hungary. +Braham died on November 25, 2018 in New York City at the age of 95. + += = = Willie Naulls = = = +William Dean Naulls (October 7, 1934 – November 22, 2018) was an American basketball player. He played professionally in the National Basketball Association from 1956 to 1966. He was born in Dallas, Texas, but was raised in Los Angeles, California. He played for the St. Louis Hawks, New York Knicks, Golden State Warriors and the Boston Celtics. +Naulls died on November 22, 2018 in Laguna Niguel, California from respiratory failure at the age of 84. + += = = Laguna Niguel, California = = = +Laguna Niguel is a suburban city in Orange County, California in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 64,355. +Laguna Niguel has a median household income 31 percent above the Orange County average and nearly double the U.S. average. It is known for its mild coastal climate and very low crime rate. + += = = C. K. Jaffer Sharief = = = +Challakere Kareem Jaffer Sharief (3 November 1933 – 25 November 2018) was an Indian politician. He was one of the senior most Indian National Congress leaders. He was the Railways Minister of the Government of India from 1991 until 1995 when P. V. Narasimha Rao was Prime Minister. He was a member of Lok Sabha from 1971 to 1996 and again from 1998 to 2004. +Sharief died at the age of 85 in Bengaluru from a heart attack on November 25, 2018. + += = = P. V. Narasimha Rao = = = +Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao (28 June 1921 – 23 December 2004) was an Indian lawyer and politician. He was the 9th Prime Minister of India from 1991 to 1996. He was born in Vangara, Hyderabad State, British India (now in Telangana, India). +Rao died of a heart attack at a hospital in New Delhi on 23 December 2004 at the age of 83. + += = = Inder Kumar Gujral = = = +Inder Kumar Gujral (4 December 1919 – 30 November 2012) was an Indian politician. He was the 12th Prime Minister of India from April 1997 to March 1998. Gujral was the third Prime Minister to be from the Rajya Sabha. +Gujral died on 30 November 2012 from a lung infection at a Gurgaon hospital at the age of 92. + += = = Gurgaon = = = +Gurugram, formerly named Gurgaon, is a city in the northern Indian state of Haryana. It is near the Delhi-Haryana border, about southwest of the national capital New Delhi and south of Chandigarh, the state capital. It is one of the major satellite cities of Delhi and is part of the National Capital Region of India. , Gurugram had a population of 876,900. + += = = Gulzarilal Nanda = = = +Gulzari Lal Nanda (4 July 1898 – 15 January 1998) was an Indian politician and economist. He was the caretaker Prime Minister of India for two short periods following the deaths of Jawaharlal Nehru in 1964 and Lal Bahadur Shastri in 1966. + += = = Lal Bahadur Shastri = = = +Lal Bahadur Shastri (, , 2 October 1904 – 11 January 1966) was an Indian politician. He was the 2nd Prime Minister of India from 1964 to 1966. He was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress political party. +Shastri died on 11 January 1966 in Tashkent, Soviet Union from a heart attack at the age of 61. Many people believed that there was a conspiracy to his death and that he was murdered. + += = = Gopalkrishna Gandhi = = = +Gopalkrishna Devdas Gandhi (born 22 April 1945) is an Indian politician. He was the 22nd Governor of West Bengal from 2004 to 2009. He is the grandson of Mahatma Gandhi. He was the United Progressive Alliance nominee for Vice President of India in the 2017 elections and lost with 244 votes against NDA candidate Venkaiah Naidu, who got 516 votes. + += = = Rajmohan Gandhi = = = +Rajmohan Gandhi (born 7 August 1935) is an Indian politician, writer, historian and researcher. He is the research professor at the Center for South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He is the grandson of Mahatma Gandhi and Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari. He is also a scholar in residence at the Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar. +Gandhi was a member of the Rajya Sabha from 1990 to 1992. + += = = Arun Manilal Gandhi = = = +Arun Manilal Gandhi (April 14, 1934 – May 2, 2023) was an Indian-American socio-political activist. He was born in South Africa. He is the fifth grandson of Mohandas Gandhi. Gandhi considers himself to be a Hindu but expresses universalist views. Gandhi has worked closely with Christian priests and his philosophies are strongly influenced by Buddhist, Hindu, Muslim and Christian ideas. In 2003 Gandhi was one of the signatories to "Humanism and Its Aspirations" (Humanist Manifesto III). +Gandhi considered himself to be a Hindu but expressed universalist views. Gandhi had worked closely with Christian priests and his philosophies were strongly influenced by Buddhist, Hindu, Muslim and Christian concepts. Like his grandfather, he also believed in the concept of 'non-violence' (Ahimsa). Gandhi claimed to be more Unitarian then anything else. He took his prayers public and did not practice Hinduism in the traditional sense. +Gandhi met nurse Sunanda in a hospital and they married in 1957. The couple had 2 children, Tushar, born on January 17, 1960, and Archana. Gandhi and Sunanda stayed married until her death on February 21, 2007. +Gandhi died on May 2, 2023 in Kolhapur, India at the Sunanda Gandhi home for girls, after a brief illness, at the age of 89. + += = = Kasturba Gandhi = = = +Kasturbai "Kasturba" Mohandas Gandhi ( born Kasturbai Makhanji Kapadia on (11 April 1869 – 22 February 1944) was an Indian political activist. She was the wife of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Like her husband, she was involved in the Indian independence movement in British-ruled India. + += = = Morarji Desai = = = +Morarji Ranchhodji Desai (29 February 1896 – 10 April 1995) was an Indian activist and politician. Between 1977 and 1979, he was the 4th Prime Minister of India. + += = = Charan Singh = = = +Chaudhary Charan Singh (23 December 1902 – 29 May 1987) was an Indian politician. He was the 5th Prime Minister of India from 28 July 1979 until 14 January 1980. Many people called him the 'champion of India's peasants.' He was born in Noorpur, United Provinces, British India. He was mainly a member of the Janata Party. +Singh died of a stroke on 29 May 1987 in New Delhi at the age of 84. + += = = Vishwanath Pratap Singh = = = +Vishwanath Pratap Singh (25 June 1931 – 27 November 2008), was an Indian politician. He was the 8th Prime Minister of India from 1989 to 1990. He was born in Allahabad, United Provinces, British India. +Singh died of multiple myeloma in New Delhi on 27 November 2008 at the age of 77. + += = = Chandra Shekhar = = = +Chandra Shekhar (1 July 1927 – 8 July 2007) was an Indian politician. He was the 8th Prime Minister of India between 10 November 1990 and 21 June 1991. He was born in Ibrahimpatti, Ballia, United Provinces, British India. Shekhar was mainly a member of the Janata Party. +Shekhar died on 8 July 2007 in New Delhi from multiple myeloma at the age of 80. + += = = Mohammad Hidayatullah = = = +Mohammad Hidayatullah OBE (17 December 1905 – 18 September 1992) was an Indian politician. +Hidayatullah was the 11th Chief Justice of India from 25 February 1968 to 16 December 1970, and the sixth Vice President of India from 31 August 1979 to 30 August 1984. He was the Acting President of India from 20 July 1969 to 24 August 1969 and from 6 October 1982 to 31 October 1982. + += = = B. D. Jatti = = = +Basappa Danappa Jatti (10 September 1913 – 7 June 2002) was an Indian politician. He was the fifth Vice President of India from 1974 to 1979. He was Acting President of India from 11 February to 25 July 1977. He was a member of the Indian National Congress. Jatti was born in Savalagi, Bombay Presidency, British India. +Jatti died on 7 June 2002 in Bangalore, Karnataka, India from kidney cancer at the age of 88. + += = = Neelam Sanjiva Reddy = = = +Neelam Sanjiva Reddy (19 May 1913 – 1 June 1996) was an Indian politician. He was the sixth President of India from 1977 to 1982. He was the Speaker of the Lok Sabha from 1967 to 1969 and again in 1977. +Reddy died on 1 June 1996 from pneumonia in Bangalore, Karnataka at the age of 83. + += = = Zail Singh = = = +Gyani Zail Singh (; born Jarnail Singh, 5 May 1916 – 25 December 1994) was an Indian politician. He was the seventh President of India from 1982 to 1987. He was a politician with the Indian National Congress party. +Singh was killed in a car crash in Chandigarh, India on 25 December 1994 at the age of 78. + += = = R. Venkataraman = = = +Ramaswamy Venkataraman (, 4 December 191027 January 2009) was an Indian lawyer, activist and politician. He was the eighth President of India from 1987 to 1992. +Venkataraman died on 27 January 2009 at a hospital in New Delhi from multiple organ failure caused by kidney disease at the age of 98. + += = = Shankar Dayal Sharma = = = +Shankar Dayal Sharma (19 August 1918 – 26 December 1999) was an Indian politician. He was the ninth President of India from 1992 to 1997. Sharma had been the eighth Vice President of India, serving under R. Venkataraman. + += = = K. R. Narayanan = = = +Kocheril Raman Narayanan (; 4 February 1921 – 9 November 2005) was an Indian politician. He was born in Perumthanam, Travancore, British India. He was the tenth President of India from 1997 to 2002. Before this, he was the Vice President of India from 1992 to 1997. Narayanan was a member of the Indian National Congress. +Narayanan died of pneumonia caused by renal failure on 9 November 2006 in New Delhi at the age of 84. + += = = David Gauke = = = +David Michael Gauke (; born 8 October 1971) is a British Conservative Party politician and solicitor. He is the Secretary of State for Justice and Lord Chancellor since 2018 and Member of Parliament (MP) for South West Hertfordshire since 2005. +He was appointed as Justice Secretary and Lord Chancellor in January 2018 by Prime Minister Theresa May. + += = = 7days = = = +7days was an English-language newspaper in the United Arab Emirates from 2003 to 2016. It was a free newspaper that was published every day. It was published by Al Sidra Media LLC. + += = = Aditi Mohsin = = = +Adity Mohsin is a Bangladeshi Rabindra Sangeet singer. +Works. +In 2003, Mohsin's first album was "Amar Mon Cheye Roy". Her second album titled was "Sharado Prate" (2004). In 2013, she released "Barshamukhor Raate Phagun Sameerane". She performs on Bangladesh Television, Bangladesh Betar, NTV, Maasranga Television, SA TV, and Tara Muzik. As a play-back singer, she has sung Rabindra Sangeet for different dramas and serials on various television channels in Bangladesh. She sang in Rabindranath Tagore's "Chhinnapatra", a documentary film based on the still photographs of Nawajesh Ahmed. +In 2009, Mohsin performed in Kolkata with Asha Bhosle as one of the "Panchakannya", along with Lopamudra Mitra, Subhamita Banerjee and Srabani Sen. In 2016, she performed in the Royal Albert Hall in London. + += = = Omar Sunny = = = +Mohammad Omar Sunny (born 6 May 1969) better known as Omar Sunny, is a Bangladeshi film and television actor. + += = = Katie Stuart = = = +Katherine Anne Stuart is a Canadian actress and stunt performer. She has guest-starred on television shows as well as appearing in the television movie "A Wrinkle in Time". +Personal life. +Stuart was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, and has a younger brother, Ted. She shares the same name as another former child actress who is best known for her role in the independent movie "Frog and Wombat". Stuart is best friends with the English actor Steven Webb. + += = = Ayasha Rahman = = = +Ayasha Rahman () (born 14 January 1994) is a Bangladeshi cricketer who plays for the Bangladesh cricket team. She is a right handed batsman. +Career. +ODI career. +Rahman made her ODI career against the Pakistan women's cricket team on August 23, 2012. +T20I career. +Rahman made her T20I career against the India women's cricket team on April 5, 2013. In June 2018, she was part of Bangladesh's squad that won their first ever Women's Asia Cup title, winning the 2018 Women's Twenty20 Asia Cup tournament. Later the same month, she was named in Bangladesh's squad for the 2018 ICC Women's World Twenty20 Qualifier tournament. She was the leading run-scorer for Bangladesh in the tournament, with 89 runs in five matches. Following the conclusion of the tournament, she was named as the rising star of Bangladesh's squad by the International Cricket Council (ICC). + += = = Bretzwil = = = +Bretzwil is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Newton County = = = +Newton County is the name of six counties in the United States: + += = = Newton County, Arkansas = = = +Newton County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,225. The county seat is Jasper. It was founded on December 14, 1842. + += = = Titterten = = = +Titterten is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Reigoldswil = = = +Reigoldswil is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Diegten = = = +Diegten is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Day of Infamy speech = = = +The Infamy Speech was a speech given by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt to a Joint Session of the US Congress on December 8, 1941, one day after the Empire of Japan's attack on the US naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and the Japanese declaration of war on the United States and the British Empire. The name comes from the first line of the speech "a date which will live in infamy." The speech is also commonly referred to as the "Pearl Harbor Speech". + += = = Gordon Copeland = = = +Gordon Frank Copeland (19 August 1943 – 24 November 2018) was a New Zealand politician. He was a Member of Parliament from 2002 to 2008. When first elected, he was a member of the United Future New Zealand Party from 2002 but he resigned from the party in 2007. +In March 2009, Copeland became Party President of The Kiwi Party, which he had co-founded. Copeland stood for the Conservative Party in the 2011 general election, but lost the election. +Copeland died in a Wellington hospice on 24 November 2018 from cancer, aged 75. + += = = Giuliana Calandra = = = +Giuliana Calandra (10 February 1936 – 25 November 2018) was an Italian actress, journalist and television presenter. She was born in Moncalieri, Italy. Calandra was known for her movie roles in "La Calandria", "Deep Red" and in "L'affittacamere". +Calandra died in Aprilia, Lazio on 25 November 2018 from leukemia at the age of 82. + += = = Viktor Kanevskyi = = = +Viktor Izrailyovych Kanevskyi (, ; 3 October 1936 – 25 November 2018) was a Ukrainian and Soviet football player and coach. He was born to a Jewish family in Kiev. He played for Soviet national team and for Dynamo Kyiv. He also managed Metalist Kharkiv and Dnipro. +Kanevskyi died in Bristol, Connecticut on 25 November 2018 from brain cancer at the age of 82. + += = = Tomás Maldonado = = = +Tomás Maldonado (25 April 1922 – 26 November 2018) was an Argentine painter, designer and philosopher. He was born in Buenos Aires. He was one of the main theorists of design theory From 1954 to 1967, Maldonado worked at the Ulm School of Design (Hochschule für Gestaltung – HfG) in Germany. He created a system of codes for the design program of the Italian firm "Olivetti" and the department store "La Rinascente". +Maldonado died in Buenos Aires on 26 November 2018 from complications of pneumonia at the age of 96. + += = = Chamely Khatun = = = +Chamely Khatun (born 11 November 1988, is a Bangladeshi) cricketer who plays for the Bangladesh national women's cricket team. She is a right handed batsman and right-arm slow bowler. +Career. +Asian games. +Chamely was part of the team that won a silver medal in cricket against the China national women's cricket team at the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou, China. + += = = The Settlers of Catan = = = +The Settlers of Catan, sometimes called Catan or Settlers for short, is a board game. More than one person plays Catan at a time. The Settlers of Catan was designed by Klaus Teuber and first published in 1995 in Germany by Franckh-Kosmos Verlag (Kosmos) as Die Siedler von Catan. People play as settlers, each try to build holdings while trading and getting resources. Players get points as their settlements grow. The first player to reach a set number of points, usually 10, wins. The game and its many expansions are also published by Mayfair Games, Filosofia, Capcom, 999 Games, ������, and Devir. +"The Settlers of Catan" became one of the first German-style board games to become popular outside Europe. , more than 22 million copies in 30 languages had been sold. +The game involves a lot of strategy, while still being fairly easy to learn. +Gameplay. +The players in the game represent settlers creating colonies on the island of Catan. Players build settlements, cities, and roads to connect them as they settle the island. The game board, which represents the island, is made out of tiles with six sides. (hexes) of different land types, which are laid out randomly at the beginning of each game. Newer editions of the game began to have a fixed layout in their manual, which has been proven by computer simulations to be fair. They recommend this to be used by beginners. In 2016, editions of the game were released with a conventional fixed layout board in this configuration. The hexes of these editions cannot be rearranged. +Teuber's original design was for a large game of exploration and development in a new land. Between 1993 and 1995 Teuber and Kosmos refined and simplified the game into its current form. Unused mechanics from that design went on to be used in Teuber's following games, "Entdecker" and "Löwenherz." The game's first expansion, "," adds the concept of exploration, and the combined game (sometimes known as "New Shores") is probably the closest game to Teuber's original intentions. + += = = List of United States congressional districts = = = +Congressional districts in the United States are electoral divisions for electing members of the United States House of Representatives. There are now 435 voting seats in the House of Representatives. Each seat represents around 761,000 people. There have been 435 voting seats since 1913, except for a temporary increase to 437 after the admissions of Alaska and Hawaii. The total number of state members is capped by the "Reapportionment Act of 1929". Also, each of the five inhabited U.S. territories and the federal district of Washington, D.C. sends a non-voting delegate to the House of Representatives. +The Bureau of the Census counts the number of people in the United States every ten years. This is called the decennial census. The numbers from the Census are used to figure out how many representavies each state gets. This is called "apportionment". The 2012 elections were the first to be based on the congressional districts which were defined based on the 2010 United States Census. +Each state is in charge of the redistricting of districts within their state, and several states have one "at-large" division. Redistricting must take place if the number of members changes after a reapportionment, or may take place at any other time if demographics represented in a district has changed substantially. Districts may sometimes retain the same boundaries while changing their district numbers. +The following is a complete list of the 435 current congressional districts for the House of Representatives, and over 200 obsolete (no longer being used) districts, and the six current and one obsolete non-voting delegations. +American Samoa. +"See Non-voting delegations, below." +Delaware. +The oldest district in the country, it has never changed its shape or size. From 1813 to 1823, Delaware had two representatives — both chosen at-large on a general ticket from the same statewide district. +District of Columbia. +"See Non-voting delegations, below." +Guam. +"See Non-voting delegations, below." +Maine. +Until 1820, Maine was part of Massachusetts. After the 1810 census, Massachusetts was allocated 20 districts. Seven Massachusetts districts (then numbered through ) were credited to Maine soon after it became a state in 1820. See District of Maine. +List of current districts by area. +This list includes the 435 current voting districts, along with the District of Columbia's non-voting delegation. + += = = Leo Schwarz = = = +Leo Schwarz (9 October 1931 – 26 November 2018) was a German Catholic figure. He was born in Braunweiler, Germany. Schwarz was from 1982 to 2006 the Roman Catholic auxiliary bishop in the diocese of Trier, and was bishop of Abbir Germaniciana. +Schwarz died on 26 November 2018 in Cologne, Germany from lymphoma at the age of 87. + += = = Tom Dart = = = +Thomas J. Dart (born May 25, 1962) is an American politician and police official. He is the Sheriff of Cook County, Illinois since 2007. A Democrat, he is the chief executive of the second largest such department in the United States after Los Angeles. +Dart was a member of the Illinois Senate from 1991 to 1993. From 1993 to 2003, he was a member of the Illinois House of Representatives. +Dart was the Democratic nominee for state treasurer of Illinois but lost to incumbent Republican Judy Baar Topinka. +Dart, who studied at Loyola University, lives in Mount Greenwood, Chicago. + += = = Snus = = = +Snus is smokeless tobacco. It has been used in Sweden for almost a century. The name is a bit like the English snuff, but it is a different product. Snus is placed under the upper lip; snuff is inhaled into the nostrils. + += = = LeBreton Flats = = = +LeBreton Flats is a 21-hectare (52 acres, 21,000 square meters) piece of undeveloped land in the center of Canada’s capital city, Ottawa. +The Great Fire of 1900 destroyed most of the land. + += = = Marthe Cnockaert = = = +Marthe Mathilde Cnockaert (28 October 1892 – 8 January 1966), later Marthe McKenna, was a Belgian nurse. She spied for the British forces after the First World War. She became a novelist and wrote over a dozen spy novels in addition to her memoirs. + += = = Tsukuyomi = = = +Tsukuyomi (), or Tsukuyomi-no-mikoto (), is the god of the moon in Japanese mythology. He is the brother of Amaterasu, the goddess of the sun, and of Susanoo, the god of the sea and storms. +He killed Toyoukebime the goddess of food. His sister Amaterasu was upset at this and said she would stay away from him forever. This is why the sun is up during the day and the moon is up during night. + += = = Max Fleischer = = = +Max Fleischer (born Majer Fleischer ; July 19, 1883 – September 25, 1972) was a Polish-American animator, inventor, movie director and producer. He was born in Kraków, Poland. Fleischer was the head of Fleischer Studios. He was known for creating Koko the Clown, Betty Boop, Popeye, and Superman to the movie screen. +Fleischer died on September 25, 1972 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 89. + += = = Betty Boop = = = +Betty Boop is an animated cartoon character created by Max Fleischer. She originally appeared in the "Talkartoon" and "Betty Boop" movie series. They were produced by Fleischer Studios and released by Paramount Pictures. She has also been featured in comic strips and mass merchandising. +She is based on the singer and actress Helen Kane. +Betty Boop was described in a 1934 court case as: "combin[ing] in appearance the childish with the sophisticated—a large round baby face with big eyes and a nose like a button, framed in a somewhat careful coiffure, with a very small body of which perhaps the leading characteristic is the most self-confident little bust imaginable". +She was first voiced by Margie Hines, but was popularly played by Mae Questel. + += = = Busy Philipps = = = +Elizabeth Jean "Busy" Philipps (born June 25, 1979) is an American actress, writer, producer, and director. She is known for her roles on the television series "Freaks and Geeks" (1999–2000), "Dawson's Creek" (2001–03) and "ER" (2006–07), and for her role of Laurie Keller on the ABC series "Cougar Town" (2009–15). +Philipps was born in Oak Park, Illinois, but was raised in Scottsdale, Arizona. +Philipps has also appeared in movies, such as "The Smokers" (2000), "Home Room" (2002), "White Chicks" (2004), "Made of Honor" (2008), "He's Just Not That into You" (2009), "The Gift" (2015), and "I Feel Pretty" (2018). and voiced roles in "Nutri Ventures" english-dubbed role as Ben in several episodes, "Super Robot Monkey Team Hyperforce Go", "American Dad", "Fish Hooks". +Personal life. +Philipps married screenwriter Marc Silverstein on June 16, 2007. They have two children: Birdie, born in 2008, and Cricket, born in 2013. They separated in February 2021. + += = = Jefferson County, Kentucky = = = +Jefferson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 782,969. It is the most populous county in the state. Its county seat and largest city is Louisville, Kentucky. + += = = William Raborn = = = +William Francis Raborn, Jr., (June 8, 1905 – March 6, 1990) was the United States Director of Central Intelligence from April 28, 1965 until June 30, 1966. He was also a career United States Navy officer who lead the project to develop the Polaris missile system and retired from the Navy in 1963 as a Vice Admiral. + += = = Shapleigh = = = +Shapleigh, pronounced "SHAP-lee", is a town of York County in the state of Maine, United States. + += = = Joni Eareckson Tada = = = +Joni Eareckson Tada (born October 15, 1949) is an American evangelical Christian author and radio host. She is the founder of "Joni and Friends", an organization "accelerating Christian ministry in the disability community". Tada was born in Baltimore, Maryland. Tada wrote of her life in her 1976 international best-selling autobiography, "Joni: The unforgettable story of a young woman's struggle against quadriplegia & depression". +Career. +In November 2009, Tada signed an ecumenical statement known as the "" calling on evangelicals, Catholics and Orthodox Christians to work towards changing laws which permit abortion. +Tada is a conference speaker. Her articles have been published in "Christianity Today", "Today's Christian Woman", "The War Cry" (Salvation Army), and newspapers around the world. Tada has appeared four times on "Larry King Live". +Personal life. +In 2010, Tada was diagnosed with breast cancer. She underwent a mastectomy and chemotherapy. Her treatment was successful and was declared cancer-free in 2015. In November 2018, Tada was diagnosed with malignant thyroid cancer. + += = = Hinds County, Mississippi = = = +Hinds County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 227,742. It is the most populous county in Mississippi. Its county seats are Raymond and Jackson, the state capital. The county was created in 1821. It is named for General Thomas Hinds, a hero of the Battle of New Orleans during the War of 1812. + += = = Raymond, Mississippi = = = +Raymond is a city in Hinds County, Mississippi, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 1,960. Raymond is one of two county seats of Hinds County (along with Jackson) and is the home of the main campus of Hinds Community College. + += = = Harrison County, Mississippi = = = +Harrison County is a county found in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 208,621. It is the second-most populous county in Mississippi. Its county seats are Biloxi and Gulfport. The county is named after U.S. President William Henry Harrison. + += = = Loop AI Labs = = = +Loop AI Labs is an AI and cognitive computing company that focuses on language understanding technology. The company was founded in San Francisco in 2012 by Italian entrepreneur Gianmauro Calafiore, who sold his company Gsmbox to in 2004 and then relocated from Italy to San Francisco. Wanting to start an artificial intelligence company, he recruited two veterans of the project, the largest government-funded AI project in history, who had worked on the project at and Stanford University's . The original company name, "Soshoma", was changed to Loop AI Labs in 2015 after the company decided to change its focus from consumer-oriented to enterprise. Loop AI Labs is headquartered in San Francisco, California, with offices in New York, Milan, and Singapore. The company is privately funded. +On May 4, 2017, Loop AI Labs entered into a deal with , a leading European provider of mobile messaging and solutions, to bring their cognitive computing technology to LINK's business clients, which cover 234 million people across Europe. + += = = Cornu aspersum = = = +Cornu aspersum is the garden snail. They are often called a pest. In English books it was called Helix aspersa for over two centuries, but the current classification now places it in the genus "Cornu". They are native to Europe, though have spread elsewhere. It is very similar, but smaller than the Roman snail ("Helix pomantia"). +Food. +These snails mainly eat plants, since they are herbivores. +Reproduction. +Snails are both male and female. They are able to reproduce by themselves, though normally reproduce sexually. + += = = Umberto Borsò = = = +Umberto Borsò (3 April 1923 – 26 November 2018) was an Italian operatic tenor. He was born in La Spezia, Italy. +In 1953 and 1954, he performed in the role of Giadone in the premiere of "Medea" by Pietro Canonica conducted by Ottavio Ziino with Maria Pedrini at the Teatro dell'Opera in Rome. He also sang the role of Andrea Chénier with Renata Tebaldi in 1953, again at the Teatro dell‘Opera in Rome. +Borsò died on 26 November 2018 in Rome at the age of 95. + += = = Patricia Quintana = = = +Patricia Quintana (1946 – 26 November 2018), was a Mexican Chef, writer, businesswoman and professor. She was a known international cook and expert in Mexican gastronomy. She was born in Mexico City. She studied and taught on ancestral Mexican cuisine mixed with the classical. She was the owner City of Mexico of the restaurant Izote from 2001 to the 2013, but resigned to start a banquet catering company. +She was culinary ambassador of her country for the world, distinction that awarded her the Office of Tourism and the Association of Restaurants of Mexico. +Quintana died in Mexico City on 26 November 2018 from an aortic aneurysm at the age of 72. + += = = Ed Pastor = = = +Edward Lopez Pastor (; June 28, 1943 – November 27, 2018) was an American politician. He was born in Claypool, Arizona. He was Arizona's first Hispanic congressman. +Pastor was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Arizona from 1991 to 2015. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He represented Arizona's 2nd congressional district from 1991 to 2003, and Arizona's 7th congressional district from 2003 to 2015. The latter district was numbered as the 4th district from 2003 to 2013. +Pastor died on November 28, 2018 following a heart attack in Phoenix, Arizona at the age of 75. + += = = Claypool, Arizona = = = +Claypool is a census-designated place (CDP) in Gila County, Arizona, United States. The population was 1,395 at the 2020 census. +Claypool is located in southern Gila County at (33.408626, -110.847532), between Miami to the west and Globe, the county seat, to the east. U.S. Route 60 runs along the northern edge of the community. + += = = Miami, Arizona = = = +Miami is a town in Gila County, Arizona, United States. Miami is a classic Western town. Miami's old downtown has been partly renovated, and the Bullion Plaza Museum features the cultural, mining and ranching history of the Miami area. +According to the 2020 Census, the population of the town was 1,541. It is near Globe, Arizona. + += = = John Murtha = = = +John Patrick Murtha Jr. (; June 17, 1932 – February 8, 2010) was an American politician. He was born in New Martinsville, West Virginia. Murtha, a Democrat, represented Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1974 until his death in 2010. +Murtha died on February 8, 2010 in Arlington, Virginia from complications of intestine surgery at the age of 77. + += = = New Martinsville, West Virginia = = = +New Martinsville is a city in Wetzel County, West Virginia, United States, along the Ohio River. The population was 5,204 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Wetzel County. + += = = Jim Leach = = = +James Albert Smith Leach (born October 15, 1942) is an American academic and politician. He was born in Davenport, Iowa. He was the ninth Chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities from 2009 to 2013. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Iowa from 1977 to 2007 as a Republican. + += = = Salome Zourabichvili = = = +Salome Zourabichvili (; born 18 March 1952) is a French-born Georgian politician. She is the 5th President of Georgia since 16 December 2018. +She was an Independent MP in the Parliament of Georgia from 2016 until her election as President in 2018. +From 2003 till 2004 she was ambassador of France to Georgia. + += = = President of Georgia = = = +The President of Georgia (, "sakartvelos prezidenti") is the head of state and supreme commander-in-chief. +Their role is ceremonial as in many parliamentary democracies. Prime Minister is the head of government. The office was first introduced by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia on 14 April 1991, five days after Georgia's declaration of independence from the Soviet Union. +The President serves a five-year term. The current President is Salome Zourabichvili, who was sworn in on 16 December 2018. + += = = Prime Minister of Georgia = = = +The Prime Minister of Georgia is the most senior minister within the Cabinet of Georgia. He is appointed by the President of Georgia. +Georgia has had 42 Prime Ministers since 1918. + += = = Mamuka Bakhtadze = = = +Mamuka Bakhtadze (; born June 9, 1982) is a Georgian politician. He is the Prime Minister from 20 June 2018 to 2 September 2019. He was approved by Georgian Parliament in a 99–6 vote. + += = = Charles Arthur Bowsher = = = +Charles Arthur Bowsher (May 30, 1931 – September 30, 2022) was an American politician and businessman. He was the 6th Comptroller General of the United States from 1981 to 1996. He was born in Elkhart, Indiana. +Raised in Chicago, Bowsher studied at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and at the University of Chicago. He was in the United States Army from 1950 to 1952 during the Korean War. +In 1956, he worked as an accountant and as a key business figure for Arthur Andersen & Co.. +From 1967 to 1971, he was Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Financial Management and Comptroller) during the Lyndon B. Johnson presidency. +Bowsher was nominated by President Ronald Reagan in 1981 and was Comptroller General for 15 years from 1981 to 1996. During that period, he led the Government Accountability Office during the savings and loan crisis and other major issues. With a term limit of fifteen years, Bowsher worked for the Reagan, Bush Sr. and Clinton presidencies. +In 1996, Bowsher was added to the Accounting Hall of Fame. After civil service, he is the Chairman for the Board of Directors of the Concord Coalition. +Bowsher died on September 30, 2022, at home in Bethesda, Maryland. He was 91 years old. + += = = The Son of Neptune = = = +The Son of Neptune is a 2011 fantasy-adventure book written by American author Rick Riordan in the series "Heroes of Olympus". It is based on based on Greek and Roman mythology. It follows Percy Jackson after his memories have been erased. He meets Roman demigods Frank Zhang and Hazel Levesque and they start their adventure to defeat Gaea and save Hera. + += = = Yayoi Kusama = = = + is a Japanese contemporary artist and writer. She is well known for her repeating dot patterns in her art. She uses a variety of media. These include painting, drawing, sculpture, movies, performance and immersive installation. Her art ranges from works on paper featuring intense semi-abstract imagery, to soft sculpture known as ‘Accumulations’, to her ‘Infinity Net’ paintings. These paintings are made up of carefully repeated arcs of paint built up into large patterns. +Since 1977, Kusama has lived voluntarily in a psychiatric institution. Much of her work has been marked with obsessiveness and a desire to escape from psychological trauma. In an attempt to share her experiences, she creates installations that immerse the viewer in her obsessive vision of endless dots and nets or infinitely mirrored space. +Biography. +Yayoi Kusama was born in 1929 in Matsumoto, Nagano. She started drawing pictures with a motif of polka dots with watercolors, pastel and oil paints at 10 years old. She entered art university in Kyoto. Afterwards, she went to the US to study art. She did intense performances whose name were “happening” there to protest wars. In 1968. her movie won the prize of the 4th Belgian International Short Film Festival. She also had exhibitions held around the world. A documentary movie about her was released in 2019. It received high evaluations. +Sickness. +Kusama suffers from hallucinations. Her field of vision is covered with polka dots, and she says that flowers speak to her. She has had schizophrenia from childhood. She decided to paint to run away from the hallucinations and the fear of death. Her works reflect what she sees. +Art works. +All of Kusama's works are expensive. Kusama became the most expensive living female artist at auction when "White No. 28" (1960) from her signature "Infinity Nets" series sold for $7.1 million at a 2014 Christie's auction. + += = = Caesars Superdome = = = +The Caesars Superdome (formerly the Louisiana Superdome and the Mercedes-Benz Superdome, and also simply known as the Superdome) is a sports domed-stadium that is located in New Orleans, Louisiana and is the home of the New Orleans Saints. + += = = Captain Tractor = = = +Captain Tractor is a Canadian folk rock band, based in Edmonton, Alberta. They play a punk-influenced variant of Celtic folk music, similar to such bands as Great Big Sea, The Pogues or Spirit of the West. Their songs are often rich in local, cultural, and geographical references. +The band's most famous songs have been renditions of the folk music classics "The Log Driver's Waltz" and "Drunken Sailor", as well as a cover of the Arrogant Worms' "The Last Saskatchewan Pirate". They have also developed a following for their brand of Canadian rock, with singles such as "Up the Hill", "Frozen Puck to the Head", "This Is Not a Sad Song", "Another Drinking Song", and "The Bastard of Strathcona County". +In celebration of the release of the band's sixth album, 'North of the Yellowhead' (2005 Six Shooter Records), Alley Kat Brewing Company released "Captain Tractor's Yellowhead Wheat Ale". +Their seventh studio album, Famous Last Words, was released on May 3, 2011. A live record, Live at the Roxy, was released in 2015. +Band members. +The band consists of five men, one woman, and their mascot, a deer named Bucky. The band members are: +Former members include: +Discography. +Captain Tractor has released seven albums: +They have also released a video entitled "Inconsequential Things" in 1998, and an interactive CD-ROM, "Bus Madness", in 1995. +Members' solo albums: + += = = Mike Plume = = = +Mike Plume (born May 28, 1968) is a Canadian country music singer and songwriter. He was born in Moncton, New Brunswick. +Background. +Canadian singer/songwriter Mike Plume fronts his roots-based namesake band. His first record, Songs From a Northern Town, was recorded in Texas and released in 1993... Touring with groups like Blue Rodeo helped built the group's following, and their 1998 album Song & Dance, Man has won them more fans and awards. In 2009 he released the album "8:30 Newfoundland", followed in June 2013, with the new album "Red and White Blues". + += = = Charles Huxtable = = = +General Sir Charles Richard Huxtable, KCB, CBE (22 July 1931 – 26 November 2018) was a senior British Army officer. He fought in the Korean War. He was Commander-in-Chief, Land Forces between 1988 and 1990. In the 1961 Queen's Birthday Honours, he was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE). +Huxtable died on 26 November 2018 at the age of 87. + += = = Altaf Fatima = = = +Altaf Fatima (; 10 June 1927 – 29 November 2018) was a Pakistani Urdu novelist, short story writer, and teacher (specializing in Muhammad Iqbal). Altaf Fatima was born in Lucknow. She moved to Lahore during the Partition, earning MA and BEd from the University of Punjab. Her novel "Dastak Na Do" ("Do not Knock") is seen as one of the defining works in the Urdu language. An adaptation was shown on Pakistani television. In 2018, Fatima was given the KLF Urdu Literature award at the 9th Karachi Literature Festival for her book, Deed Wadeed. She died on 29 November 2018. + += = = Lethal Weapon 2 = = = +Lethal Weapon 2 is a 1989 American buddy cop action comedy movie directed by Richard Donner, and starring Mel Gibson, Danny Glover, Joe Pesci, Patsy Kensit, Derrick O'Connor and Joss Ackland. It is a sequel to the 1987 movie Lethal Weapon and the second movie in the Lethal Weapon series. + += = = Eldon George = = = +Eldon Thomas George (May 10, 1931 – November 29, 2018) was a Canadian fossil collector and amateur geologist. He was born in Parrsboro, Nova Scotia. He made many important discoveries on the shores of the Minas Basin and the Bay of Fundy in the 1940s. +George found the world's smallest dinosaur tracks in 1984 near Parrsboro, Nova Scotia, Canada. His other finds include many fossilized amphibian and dinosaur prints that were displayed, along with the world's smallest dinosaur tracks, at his Parrsboro Rock and Mineral Shop and Museum. +One of them is a 17-inch (45-cm) track that may have been made by a primitive, two-legged, crocodile-like creature that was nearly 20 feet (6 m) long. George's other discoveries include a fossilized insect with three pairs of wings and a tiny horseshoe crab that supplies a missing link in evolutionary history. +George died on November 29, 2018 in Parrsboro at the age of 87. + += = = Robert Morris (artist) = = = +Robert Morris (February 9, 1931 – November 28, 2018) was an American sculptor, conceptual artist and writer. He was thought of as one of the most well known theorists of Minimalism along with Donald Judd. He made important works to the development of performance art, minimalism, land art, the Process Art movement and installation art. +In 2013 as part of the October Files, MIT Press published a volume on Morris, examining his work and influence, edited by Julia Bryan-Wilson. +Morris was born in Kansas City, Missouri. He studied at the University of Kansas, Kansas City Art Institute, Reed College and at Hunter College. Morris died on November 28, 2018 in Kingston, New York from pneumonia at the age of 87. + += = = Donald Judd = = = +Donald Clarence Judd (June 3, 1928February 12, 1994) was an American artist. He worked with minimalism. In his work, Judd worked with autonomy and space that objects created by it. He was also known for his works alongside sculptor Robert Morris. +When the National Endowment for the Arts supported his work, Northern Kentucky University hired Judd to build his notable aluminium sculpture that was opened in the middle of the school's campus in 1976. Another commission, "Untitled" (1984), a three-part sculpture out of concrete with steel reinforcements, was installed at Laumeier Sculpture Park. +Judd was born in Excelsior Springs, Missouri, but raised in Marfa, Texas. He studied at College of William and Mary, Columbia University School of General Studies and at the Art Students League of New York. Judd died on February 12, 1994 in Manhattan, New York from non-Hodgkin lymphoma at the age of 65. + += = = Excelsior Springs, Missouri = = = +Excelsior Springs is a city in Clay and Ray counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. The population was 10,553 at the 2020 census. It is located about northeast of central Kansas City, Missouri. + += = = Marfa, Texas = = = +Marfa is a city in far West Texas, located between the Davis Mountains and Big Bend National Park. It is the county seat of Presidio County, and its population as of the 2020 United States Census was 1,788. + += = = Viktor Matviyenko = = = +Viktor Antonovych Matviyenko (9 November 1948 – 29 November 2018) was a Ukrainian footballer and manager. He was born in Zaporizhia, Ukraine. Matviyenko won the bronze medalist in the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal. He played for Dynamo Kyiv and the USSR national team. He managed Torpedo Zaporizhya. +Matviyenko died in Kiev on 29 November 2018 at the age of 70. + += = = Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer = = = +Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer (born 9 August 1962), commonly referred to by her initials AKK, is a German CDU politician. She was the Leader of the Christian Democratic Union from 2018 to 2021. She was chief minister of Saarland from 2011 to 2018, making her the first woman to lead the government of Saarland and the fourth woman to head a German state government. +From February to December 2018, she was general secretary of the CDU. +She was elected CDU party leader on 7 December 2018 following Angela Merkel's retirement from that role. +On 10 February 2020, Kramp-Karrenbauer announced her resignation as Chairwoman of the CDU. + += = = Friedrich Merz = = = +Friedrich Merz (born 11 November 1955) is a German lawyer and politician. He is the Leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) since 2022. He was a Member of the European Parliament 1989 to 1994, a member of the Bundestag from 1994 to 2009, and as the chairman of CDU/CSU parliamentary group from 2000 to 2002. +In 2018 he announced his candidacy in the CDU leadership election in December 2018. He lost the election to Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer. In February 2020, he announced his second candidacy for the party's 2021 leadership election. He lost the race on 16 January 2021 after losing to Armin Laschet in the second round. +In March 2020, Merz was tested positive for COVID-19 during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. +On 15 November 2021, Merz announced his candidacy in the second 2021 CDU leadership election to replace Armin Laschet. He ran against Norbert Röttgen and Helge Braun. On 17 December 2021, he was elected leader in a landslide victory. + += = = 2018 Christian Democratic Union of Germany leadership election = = = +The 2018 Christian Democratic Union leadership election was held in Hamburg on 7 December 2018. This is after Angela Merkel's decision in October 2018 not to stand for party leader at the 2018 party conference following the party's bad performance in the 2018 Hessian state election and low numbers in national polls. +On 29 October 2018, both the CDU's General Secretary Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer and the Federal Minister of Health Jens Spahn announced their candidacy in the election. This was followed by Merkel's arch-rival Friedrich Merz announced his bid on 30 October 2018. +Kramp-Karrenbauer was elected leader by winning 45.05% of the vote. Merz won 39.24% of the vote and Spahn won 15.72% of the vote. + += = = Jens Spahn = = = +Jens Spahn (born 16 May 1980) is a German politician. He was the Federal Minister of Health from 2018 to 2021. He is a member of the lower house of the federal parliament, the Bundestag as a member of the centre-right Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU). +In October 2018, Chancellor Angela Merkel announced her retirement for the CDU party leadership. Spahn announced his intention to stand for election as her successor in December 2018. + += = = Andrea Nahles = = = +Andrea Maria Nahles (born 20 June 1970) is a German politician. She was the Leader of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) from April 2018 to June 2019 and the leader of the SPD in the Bundestag from September 2017 to June 2019. +Nahles was a Federal Minister of Labour and Social Affairs from 2013 to 2017 and SPD Youth leader. She is known within the party for criticising Gerhard Schröder's Agenda 2010. + += = = Jörg Meuthen = = = +Jörg Hubert Meuthen (; born 29 June 1961) is a German economist and right wing extremist politician. He is the Federal spokesman for Alternative for Germany (AfD) since July 2015. +Meuthen is professor for political economy and finance at the Academy of Kehl. + += = = Alexander Gauland = = = +Alexander Eberhardt Gauland (born 20 February 1941) is a German politician, journalist and lawyer. He is the Leader of the German political party Alternative for Germany (AfD) in the Bundestag since September 2017 and Co Leader of the party since December 2017. +He has been a Member of the Bundestag (MdB) since September 2017. Gauland was the party's co-founder and is its federal spokesman and the party leader for the state of Brandenburg. + += = = Christian Lindner = = = +Christian Wolfgang Lindner (born 7 January 1979) is a German politician. He is a member of the Bundestag and leader of the liberal Free Democratic Party of Germany (FDP). In December 2021, he became the Minister of Finance. + += = = Katja Kipping = = = +Katja Kipping (born 18 January 1978) is a German politician. She was the Chairperson of The Left and a member of the Bundestag (German Parliament). +On 10 May 2014 she was reelected, along with Bernd Riexinger, as chairperson of The Left by a national party conference. +Since 2005, Kipping has been a member of the German Parliament for The Left party. She was listed as the lead candidate on the state-level party list in Saxony. + += = = Bernd Riexinger = = = +Bernd Riexinger (born 30 October 1955) is a German politician of the Left Party. He was named co-chairman of the party, together with Katja Kipping, on 2 June 2012. + += = = Annalena Baerbock = = = +Annalena Charlotte Alma Baerbock (born 15 December 1980) is a German politician. In December 2021, she became Minister of Foreign Affairs. She is a member of the Alliance 90/The Greens and was the party's co-leader from 2018 until 2022. Since 2013, she also holds a seat in the Bundestag, the German federal diet. + += = = Robert Habeck = = = +Robert Habeck (born 2 September 1969 in Lübeck) is a German writer and politician. Habeck has been the Vice-Chancellor of Germany and Federal Minister for Economic Affairs and Climate Action since December 2021. He is a member of the Alliance '90/The Greens and was their co-leader from 2018 until 2022. +Habeck has been Deputy Prime Minister and State Minister for Energy, Agriculture, Environment and Rural Areas in the Albig Cabinet since 2012 and in the Cabinet Günther since 2017. +Under his leadership, the Green Party became the third largest group in the Landtag after the 2017 state elections. + += = = Albert Bryan (politician) = = = +Albert Bryan Jr. is an American politician. He is the 30th and current Governor of the United States Virgin Islands. He defeated Governor Kenneth Mapp in the runoff election on November 20, 2018. +Bryan was commissioner of the Virgin Islands Department of Labor. + += = = Balaji Telefilms = = = +Balaji Telefilms is an Indian company that makes soap operas, reality TV, comedy, game shows, and other TV programs in several Indian languages. Balaji had a partnership with White Leaf Productions from 1997 to 2006. +Balaji Telefilms is promoted by Ekta Kapoor and Shobha Kapoor and is a public company listed at Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange of India. + += = = .223 Remington = = = +The .223 Remington (.223 Rem) is a type of firearm cartridge. It is the most used cartridge for AR-15 type rifles. + += = = Shraddha Arya = = = +Shraddha Arya (born 17 August 1987) is an Indian actress who has been in television shows like "Main Lakshmi Tere Aangan Ki", "Tumhari Paakhi" and "Dream Girl". + += = = Marie Avgeropoulos = = = +Marie Avgeropoulos (; born 17 June 1986) is a Canadian actress and model. She is best known for her role as Octavia Blake on The CW’s post-apocalyptic science fiction television series "The 100" (2014–present). +Early life. +Avgeropoulos was born on 17 June 1986 in Thunder Bay, Ontario. She grew up fishing, hunting and camping, spending most of her free time outdoors. Avgeropoulos started playing drums when she was 16. After studying broadcast journalism for two years in her hometown, Avgeropoulos moved to Europe. Several months later, she came back to Canada and settled in Vancouver. +Career. +One of her friends invited her for a casting call in Vancouver, which happened to be looking for drummers. A talent agent recognized her talent and invited her to appear in various national commercials. She caught the attention of director Chris Columbus. He hired Avgeropoulos for "I Love You, Beth Cooper"," "which became her first feature film role. Her appearance in the film gave her the opportunities to star in more films and television shows. +In 2010, Avgeropoulos was cast as Kim Rhodes in the film "Hunt to Kill", which became her break-out role. +Early in 2013, Avgeropoulos made her break-out in television after being cast for a recurring role in The CW's "Cult". However, the series failed to attract viewers and after episode 7, the show was cancelled. The remaining six episodes of the show were broadcast later in the summer. +Not long after the show ended, The CW cast her as one of the main characters in their new sci-fi, "The 100", to portray the character Octavia Blake. +Personal life. +The 32-year-old actress and her 41-year-old boyfriend allegedly began arguing in a car on the Ventura (134) Freeway shortly after midnight 5 August 2018. Avgeropoulos was accused of striking him multiple times in the head, neck and arm, resulting in minor injuries, according to the District Attorney’s Office. She was then charged with domestic violence. Avgeropoulos's boyfriend wants the charges against the actress dropped as he said she doesn't pose a threat. + += = = Eptingen = = = +Eptingen is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Union County, Arkansas = = = +Union County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 39,054. The county seat is El Dorado. It was founded on November 2, 1829. + += = = Palden Gyatso = = = +Palden Gyatso (1933 – 30 November 2018) was a Tibetan Buddhist monk. He was born in Panam, Tibet. During the Chinese invasion of Tibet he was arrested for protesting and spent 33 years in Chinese prisons and labor camps, where he was tortured. +After his release in 1992 he fled to Dharamsala, (North India) in exile. He was still a practicing monk and political activist, traveling the world publicizing the cause of Tibet up until his death in 2018. +Gyatso died on 30 November 2018 in Dharamshala, India of liver cancer at the age of 85. + += = = Harold O. Levy = = = +Harold O. Levy (December 14, 1952 – November 27, 2018) was an American lawyer and philanthropist. He was the executive director of the Jack Kent Cooke Foundation, the largest scholarship foundation in the United States. Levy was best known as Chancellor of the New York City public schools from 2000 to 2002. +Levy was born in New York City. He studied at Cornell University and at Oxford University. Levy died from complications of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in New York City on November 27, 2018 at the age of 65. + += = = Common bronzewing = = = +The common bronzewing ("Phaps chalcoptera)" is a species of pigeon. They are found in Australia. They eat vegetable matter. +Looks. +They are 20 to 36 centimetres long. +Distribution. +They are common in Australia. They are found in a variety of habitats, though they are nearly always near water. +Eating. +They eat material from plants, such as seeds. They drink rather frequently. + += = = Laughing kookaburra = = = +The laughing kookaburra ("Dacelo novaeguineae") is a type of kingfisher. They were previously called the laughing jackass and the giant kingfisher. +Breeding +Laughing kookaburras are believed to have 90 females +Looks. +They are normally off white with pale brown lines. They have brown wings and back. They look similar to the Blue-winged kookaburra which is found in the same area. male and female birds look similar. They are 43 to 45 cm long and weigh around 0.5 kg. +Laughing and rofous-bellied kookaburras are known to speed far north as Norway and as far south as Antarctica +Food. +They eat insects, crustaceans and worms. Sometimes, they will eat small snakes, mammals, frogs and birds. +Relationship with humans. +They can become tame and may accept meat from a human's hand. + += = = 2018 Anchorage earthquake = = = +On November 30, 2018, at 8:29 AKST (17:29 UTC), a magnitude 7.0 earthquake hit Anchorage, Alaska. The earthquake's epicenter was near Joint Base Elmendorf–Richardson, about north of the city. +It was followed by a 5.7 aftershock epicentered north-northwest of the city. There were a total of 40 aftershocks. The earthquake could be felt as far as Fairbanks. +Severe damage to several buildings and a highway overpass near Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport have been reported. There are no casualties reported so far. +A tsunami warning was issued for nearby coastal areas, including Cook Inlet and the Kenai Peninsula, but they were lifted shortly after. + += = = 1964 Alaska earthquake = = = +The 1964 Alaskan earthquake, also known as the Great Alaskan earthquake and Good Friday earthquake, happened at 5:36 PM AKST on Good Friday, March 27, 1964. Across south-central Alaska (mainly in Anchorage), ground fissures, collapsing structures, and tsunamis were caused by the earthquake. It caused about 139 deaths. +The earthquake lasted four minutes and thirty-eight seconds. It was a magnitude 9.2 earthquake. It remains the most powerful earthquake recorded in North American history, and the second most powerful earthquake recorded in world history. +Nearby, a tsunami destroyed the village of Chenega, killing 23 of the 68 people who lived there. Post-quake tsunamis severely affected Whittier, Seward, Kodiak, and other Alaskan communities, as well as people and property in British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California. +Tsunamis also caused damage in Hawaii and Japan. Evidence of motion directly related to the earthquake was also reported from Florida and Texas. + += = = Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport = = = +Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport is a major airport in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is located southwest of downtown Anchorage. The airport is named for Ted Stevens, a U.S. senator from Alaska in office from 1968 to 2009. +It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, in which it is categorized as a medium-hub primary commercial service facility. + += = = Steve Cowper = = = +Stephen Cambreleng Cowper (born August 21, 1938) is an American Democratic politician. He was born in Petersburg, Virginia. Cowper was the sixth Governor of Alaska from 1986 to 1990. He was governor during the 1989 "Exxon Valdez" oil spill. + += = = Golden bowerbird = = = +The golden bowerbird ("Prionodura newtoniana") is a species of bird in the family Ptilonorhynchidae, the bowerbirds. It is endemic to Queensland in Australia. Today, it lives only in the Atherton region. + += = = Turlock, California = = = +Turlock, California is a city in Stanislaus County in California. In 2020, the city had a population of 72,740 people. It is the second-largest city in Stanislaus County. +California State University, Stanislaus is in Turlock. +Geography. +Turlock is between Modesto and Merced. Turlock is in the Central Valley. +Turlock has a semi-arid climate. + += = = Death and state funeral of George H. W. Bush = = = +On November 30, 2018, George H. W. Bush died at his home in Houston, Texas of natural causes. Bush was the 41st President of the United States, the 43rd Vice President of the United States, the former Director of Central Intelligence, and a former member of the United States House of Representatives. This happened nearly 8 months after the death of his wife Barbara Bush in April. +Bush was the first president to die since Gerald Ford in 2006, and, at the age of 94 years and 171 days, he surpassed Ford for the title of longest-lived U.S. president in history. +Shortly after news broke of Bush's death, on December 5, 2018, Donald Trump declared a National Day of Mourning and ordered all flags "throughout the United States and its Territories and possessions" lowered to half staff for the remainder of the year. +The state funeral of Bush is the official funerary rites conducted by the Government of the United States. He was interred at the George Bush Presidential Library. The state funeral and respective activities occurred over a period of four days from December 3 to December 6, 2018. +Events. +The corps of cadets of the United States Military Academy, United States Air Force Academy, and United States Coast Guard Academy, and the corps of midshipmen of the United States Naval Academy are to be immediately assembled to be officially informed of the death by the superintendents of their respective institutions. +Very early on the morning of December 1, 2018, the flags at the White House were lowered to half staff. +State funeral. +Before his death, Bush filed a 211-page document with the Military District of Washington, which had a request for an aerial flyover of fighter jets in missing man formation by the United States Air Force during his state funeral, as well as final interment and burial to occur at the George Bush Presidential Library in College Station, Texas. +Bush made plans for a national funeral service to be held at Washington National Cathedral in Washington, D.C. +Bush lay in state in the United States Capitol rotunda from the evening of December 3 through the morning of December 5. +Tributes were made by Jon Meacham, Brian Mulroney, Alan K. Simpson, and George W. Bush at the Washington National Cathedral. President Donald Trump and former Presidents Barack Obama, Bill Clinton, Bush and Jimmy Carter attended the funeral. +International leaders attending these services include: Britain's Prince Charles and former Prime Minister John Major, former Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, Polish President Andrzej Duda and former President Lech Wałęsa, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, former Mexican President Carlos Salinas de Gortari Abdullah II of Jordan and Speaker of Taiwan's Congress Su Jia-chyuan. +Shortly after the Washington service, Bush's body was taken back to Houston by a custom-made train where a service was held. On December 6, 2018, his body was buried at the George Bush Presidential Library next to his wife Barbara Bush. + += = = Deaths in December 2018 = = = +The following is a list of deaths that should be noted in December 2018. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting. +Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, where they came from, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and a source. + += = = Ice shelf = = = +An ice shelf is a large platform of ice, where a glacier flows down to a coastline. An ice shelf is usually very thick, usually or more. Some ice shelves float on the water. Ice shelves that float are usually much thinner. +The biggest areas of ice shelf are in Antarctica: + += = = Farid Zizi = = = +Farid Zizi is a French aerospace engineer. +Since 1 August 2018, he has been the head of the France Aviation Civile Services (previously DSNA Services). +He is known for having been head of the Education and Research at the French Civil Aviation University and head of the Air Navigation Commission at ICAO. + += = = Ripoff = = = +A ripoff happens when something is very overpriced (overcharged). Ripoff affects senior citizens, women, youth and minorities more than others. This is also known as a knockoff. Numerous example is the 1988 movie "Mac and Me", widely seen as a ripoff of Steven Spielberg's E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial.[citation needed] Another good example of a ripoff is "Genshin Impact", which is widely seen as a ripoff of "", others are animated rip-offs of numerous TV shows like the English-dubbed Bob Boyle and Cam Clarke's "Nutri Ventures" in 2013 and "Kid Cosmic" in 2021, is as a double ripoff of original "The Powerpuff Girls" and "Coconut Fred" is a rip-off of "SpongeBob SquarePants". + += = = Giorgio Morandi = = = +Giorgio Morandi (July 20, 1890 – June 18, 1964) was an Italian painter and printmaker who specialized in still life. His paintings are noted for their tonal subtlety in depicting apparently simple subjects, which were limited mainly to vases, bottles, bowls, flowers and landscapes. + += = = Yell County, Arkansas = = = +Yell County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,263. The county seats are Dardanelle and Danville. It was founded on December 5, 1840. + += = = Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska = = = +Kenai Peninsula Borough is a borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,799. The borough seat is Soldotna. + += = = Ouachita County, Arkansas = = = +Ouachita County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,650. The county seat is Camden. It was founded on November 29, 1842 and is named for the Ouachita River. + += = = Tecknau = = = +Tecknau is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Arboldswil = = = +Arboldswil is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Rümlingen = = = +Rümlingen is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Roxas, Capiz = = = +Roxas City is a city in the Philippines. It is the capital of Capiz province. In 2015, the city had 167,003 people. It is the second most important city in the island of Panay. The most important is Iloilo City. It is named after a former president of the Philippines and is known for its seafood and a statue of Jesus. + += = = Ennio Fantastichini = = = +Ennio Fantastichini (20 February 1955 – 1 December 2018) was an Italian actor. He was born in Gallese, Italy. His first role was in "Open Doors". In 2010, for his performance in Ferzan Özpetek's "Loose Cannons", he won a David di Donatello for best supporting actor. +Fantastichini died of leukemia in Naples on 1 December 2018, aged 63. + += = = Lizzie Borden = = = +Lizzie Andrew Borden (July 19, 1860 – June 1, 1927) was an American woman who was known as the main suspect in the August 4, 1892, axe murders of her father and stepmother in Fall River, Massachusetts. Borden was tried and acquitted of the murders. +Despite being proven innocent, many believed she committed the murders and has become the subject of folklore. + += = = Menahem Degani = = = +Menahem Degani (18 August 1927 – 23 November 2018) was an Israeli basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament for the Israel's national team at the 1952 Summer Olympics. +Degani was born in Tel Aviv and died in Tel Aviv at the age of 91. + += = = Wright King = = = +Thomas Wright Thornburg King (January 11, 1923 – November 25, 2018), better known as Wright King, was an American actor. He was born in Okmulgee, Oklahoma. His career lasted from 1949 until his retirement in 1987. He was known for his roles in "A Streetcar Named Desire", "Stagecoach to Fury" and in "Planet of the Apes". +King died on November 25, 2018 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 95. + += = = Ruth Haring = = = +Ruth Inez Haring (also known as Ruth Orton; January 23, 1955 – November 29, 2018) was an American chess player and Woman International Master. Born in Maine, she competed in the United States Women's Championship in the 1970s and 1980s, and represented the country in the 1974, 1976, 1978, 1980, and 1982 Chess Olympiads. She was President of the United States Chess Federation from 2011 to 2016. +Haring died on November 29, 2018 in Chico, California at the age of 63. + += = = Anwar Hossain (photographer) = = = +Anwar Hossain (6 October 1948 – 1 December 2018) was a Bangladeshi photographer and cinematographer. +Biography. +He was born in Dhaka, East Pakistan. He won Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Cinematography a record five times for the movies "Sundori" (1979), "Emiler Goenda Bahini" (1980), "Puraskar" (1983), "Anya Jibon" (1995) and "Lalsalu" (2003). +Hossain died on 1 December 2018 at his hotel room in Dhaka from a heart attack at the age of 70. + += = = Stefanie Tücking = = = +Stefanie Tücking (1 April 1962 – 1 December 2018) was a German radio and television presenter. She was born in Kaiserslautern, Germany. In Germany, Tücking worked for the German broadcaster Südwestrundfunk (SWR) as a television and radio presenter. +Tücking was found dead in Baden-Baden, Germany on 1 December 2018 at the age of 56. + += = = Mariana Treviño = = = +Mariana Treviño (born 27 November 1977) is a Mexican actress. She was known for her role as Lupita in the popular Mexican musical "Mentiras". She starred in other comedy movies "No sé si cortarme las venas o dejármelas largas" (2013) and "Amor de Mis Amores" (2014). +Since 2015, she starred in the Netflix telenovela "Club de Cuervos". In 2018, she starred in the American comedy "Overboard" alongside Eugenio Derbez and Anna Faris. + += = = Ken Berry = = = +Kenneth Ronald Berry (November 3, 1933 – December 1, 2018) was an American actor, dancer, writer and singer. He was born in Moline, Illinois. Berry starred on the television series "F Troop", "The Andy Griffith Show", "Mayberry R.F.D." and "Mama's Family". A Broadway actor, he starred in "The Billy Barnes Revue" and "George M!". +From 1960 to 1976, Berry was married to actress Jackie Joseph and the two adopted two children. +Berry died in Burbank, California on December 1, 2018 at the age of 85. + += = = Scott Stearney = = = +Scott Andrew Stearney (October 21, 1960 – December 1, 2018) was an American naval aviator and Vice Admiral of the United States Navy. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. Stearney was Commander of the Fifth Fleet based in Bahrain from May 2018 until his death in December 2018. +On December 1, 2018, Stearney was found dead in his home in Bahrain in an apparent suicide, aged 58. + += = = Robert Klein = = = +Robert Klein (born February 8, 1942) is an American comedian, singer, and actor. He was born in New York City. He was nominated for a Best Actor in a Musical Tony Award for 1979's "They're Playing Our Song". He was known for hosting "Saturday Night Live" twice. +Klein starred in many movies such as "The Owl and the Pussycat", "Hooper", "Primary Colors", "Radioland Murders", "Ira and Abby", "One Fine Day", "Two Weeks Notice", "How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days", "The Last Unicorn", and "The Safety of Objects". + += = = Information Age = = = +After the Agrarian society, and the Industrial revolution, the Information age is the third big epoch in the history of economics. In the information age, information has become a prime economic good, and there are industries that transform information form one form to another. The changer from industrialized society to the society of the information age is called Digital Revolution. + += = = Sentientism = = = +Sentientism is a way of thinking about what is right and wrong - an ethical philosophy. It uses evidence of the real world and careful thinking to develop beliefs. It rejects beliefs where there is no good evidence for them. Sentientism says we should care about all sentient beings and care more about beings that are more sentient. +Sentient beings include anything that can experience good or bad things or feelings. These include humans, most non-human animals and may eventually include artificial beings we create or intelligent aliens we meet. +People who agree with sentientism are called sentientists. They are atheist and often humanist. They are also often vegan or vegetarian for moral reasons. +Things that are not sentient, such as plants, rivers and mountains, may be important because they affect how sentient beings feel. However, we don't need to care about them directly because they cannot suffer or feel pleasure. +Sentientist thinking has a long history, from Jeremy Bentham's An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation through to modern philosophers such as Richard D. Ryder and Peter Singer. +Sentientism differs from Speciesism because it uses degrees of sentience, rather than species, to decide what things we should care about. +Sentientism differs from painism because it counts positive experience, as well as the ability to feel pain, in making moral decisions. +Sentientism agrees with Animalism that humans are animals so we should care about both. However, sentientism argues that we should also care about non-animal sentient beings, such as potential artificial or alien intelligences. +Notable Sentientists. +Notable sentientists include: Thandie Newton, Bill Maher, James Cameron, Stephen Fry, George Meyer, Ricky Gervais, Sam Harris, Benjamin Spock, Oliver Sykes, Steven Pinker, Gary Holt (musician), Ellen Page, Kristen Bell, Cloris Leachman, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Richard Dawkins, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Jessica Lange and John Stewart Bell. +In some cases sentientism is implied because these people are atheists and/or humanists and vegans or vegetarians. + += = = Main Lakshmi Tere Aangan Ki = = = +Main Lakshmi Tere Aangan Ki was an Indian television soap opera drama. The series was created by Shashi Sumeet Productions It was shown 2011 to 2012 on Life OK. Sudeep Sahir and Shraddha Arya portrayed the lead characters. + += = = Spin valve = = = +A spin valve is a device that consists of two metallic magnetic layers separated by a non-magnetic spacer whose electric resistance can change depending on the relative alignment of magnetization in the two magnetic layers, electrons moving through a non-magnetic material normally have random spins, so the net effect is cancelled out. When the magnetization of both the magnetic material are in the same direction or parallel, the resistance in the sandwiched layer becomes low so that the electrons in that layer have spins all aligned in one direction - either all up or all down, allowing a new way to store binary data in the form of one's (all spins up) and zeroes (all spins down). + += = = Daayan (TV series) = = = +Daayan (English: "Witch") is an Indian supernatural drama series. The series will be created by Ekta Kapoor under their productions banner Balaji Telefilms and produced by Ekta Kapoor and Shobha Kapoor. It started on 15 December 2018 on And TV. The show stars Anupriya Kapoor, Tina Dutta and Mohit Malhotra in the lead roles. + += = = Ivan Katardžiev = = = +Ivan Katardžiev (, ; January 6, 1926 – December 1, 2018) was a Macedonian historian. He was called the country's most important expert on the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization and the Macedonian history under Yugoslavia as well as the early years of independence. +Katardžiev was also director of the Institute for National History. Katadžiev died on December 1, 2018, in Skopje, North Macedonia, at the age of 92. + += = = Yellow vests protests = = = +The "Yellow Vests" movement (, ; ; ), also called as the Yellow Jacket movement in English, is a protest movement in Europe which began with a petition posted in May 2018, and which took action for the first time on Saturday, 17 November 2018. +The "yellow vests" blocked roads and caused traffic chaos on Saturdays. The demonstrations stem from anger over rising diesel fuel prices and taxes. +By November 24, The "Gilets jaunes" protests had led to two deaths and over 750 injuries, including 136 police officers. Two days later, officials estimated that the damage in Paris alone could be up to €1.5m (£1.3m), and had mobilised 200 additional workers to assist with the cleanup and repair work. +By December 2, The "Gilets jaunes" protests had led to three deaths, the third being in Arles, according to Reuters. + += = = Vittorio Gassman = = = +Vittorio Gassman, Knight Grand Cross, OMRI (; born Vittorio Gassmann; 1 September 1922 – 29 June 2000), popularly known as Il Mattatore, was an Italian actor, director and screenwriter. He was born in Genoa. Gassman was known as "the Laurence Olivier of Italy". +Gassman was known for his movie roles "Il sorpasso" (1962), "La Grande Guerra" (1962), "I mostri" (1963), "L'Armata Brancaleone" (1966), "Profumo di donna" (1974) and "C'eravamo tanto amati" (1974). +From 1952 to 1954, he was married to actress Shelley Winters. +Gassman died on 29 June 2000 in Rome from a heart attack at the age of 77. + += = = Phillips County = = = +Phillips County is the name of four counties in the United States: + += = = Phillips County, Arkansas = = = +Phillips County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas, in what is known as the Arkansas Delta along the Mississippi River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,568. The county seat is Helena-West Helena. It was founded on May 1, 1820. + += = = Haines Borough, Alaska = = = +Haines Borough is a home-rule borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,080. + += = = Itingen = = = +Itingen is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Buckten = = = +Buckten is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Oberdorf, Basel-Landschaft = = = +Oberdorf is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Paul Sherwen = = = +Paul Sherwen (7 June 1956 – 2 December 2018) was an English professional racing cyclist and later a broadcaster on cycling. He worked with NBC and commentated on the Tour de France. He raced in seven editions of the Tour, finishing five. He raced for the Athletic Club de Boulogne-Billancourt and for the Raleigh Bicycle Company. +Sherwen was born in Widnes, Lancashire. He died on 2 December 2018 at his home in Kampala, Uganda from heart failure at the age of 62. + += = = Arapaima = = = +The arapaima, pirarucu, or paiche are several large species of bonytongue fish in the genus Arapaima. +They are native to the Amazon and Essequibo basins of South America. +These fish are widely dispersed and do not migrate. This makes scientists think that there are more species of arapaima that scientists have not found yet. +Ecology. +The diet of the arapaima consists of fish, crustaceans, fruits, seeds, insects, and small land animals that walk near the shore. Arapaima can leap out of the water if they feel harassed or bullied. + += = = Japanese dwarf flying squirrel = = = +The Japanese dwarf flying squirrel ("Pteromys momonga") lives in forests on Honshu and Kyushu islands. They eat buds, leaves, bark and fruits. The International Union for Conservation of Nature do it as a "least-concern species". +Appearance. +Its body is 14–20 cm long and the tail length is 10–14 cm. It is much smaller than the Japanese giant flying squirrel. Its back is covered with grey brown hair, and its belly is white. It has large eyes and a flattened tail. Species of flying squirrels possess a patagium, which is a skin membrane used in gliding. In this particular species of flying squirrel their patagium spans between their wrists and ankles, but not between their legs and tail. +Living areas. +It is native to Japan where it inhabits sub-alpine forests and boreal evergreen forests on Honshu and Kyushu islands. +Japanese dwarf flying squirrels make their nests in the cavities of trees,or at the cross point between branches and tree trunks. These squirrels also tend to line their nests with mosses and lichens.Tree cavities are very important nest resources for them. They tend to nest in conifers, such as pine and spruce, more than broad-leaved trees. +Food and water. +It eats seeds, fruit, tree leaves, buds and bark. It can leap from tree. +Reproduction. +Breeding form is embryonic. Birth 2 - 6 cubs in 2 times a year at a time. +Threats. +Old forests and deciduous broad-leaved forests with trees for nesting are decreasing and they are divided +Relationship with humans. +They also eats acorns etc. in natural forest. This habit can be compatible with forestry and coexistence with humans is possible. It is because we only need to leave some natural forests when planting cedar. + += = = Japanese weasel = = = +The Japanese weasel ("Mustela Itatsi") is a carnivorous mammal belonging to the family Mustelidae. It lives in Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu of Japan. Major habitats are plains, but in western Japan it mainly lives in mountainous areas. +Appearance. +Adult males of the Japanese weasel can reach in body length with a tail length of up to . Females are smaller. The fur is orange-brown with darker markings. +Distribution and Habitat. +The Japanese weasel was na­tive to three of Japan’s four larger is­lands: Hon­shu, Kyushu, and Shikoku. Over the past cen­tury, they have been intro­duced to most other Japan­ese is­lands to control the population of rodents. Their range now in­cludes Hokkaidō and the many of the Ryūkyū Islands. +Japan­ese weasels are found in a lot of ecosystems in Japan. It mainly lives in moun­tain­ous and forested places near mov­ing water. Most hunt­ing is done along rivers, but these weasels sometimes go into grasslands or sub­ur­ban areas. +In win­ter, these slim weasels spend most of their time under the snow chas­ing small ro­dents through a maze of tunnels. After catch­ing and eat­ing the prey, Japan­ese weasels usually enjoy the warmth of the prey's nest after eat­ing. +Feeding. +They eat mice, frogs, reptiles, insects and crayfish. They sometimes eat berries, seeds and fruits but only when hungry. Males like to eat more mammals and crustacean. Females like to eat insects, fruits and earthworms. +Their diet changes depending on the season, the number of some foods. Fish and insects are a part of their diet throughout all seasons. They mostly eat coleoptera insects in spring, fruits in summer, orthoptera insects and crustaceans in autumn and fish and fruit in winter. Japanese weasels help in controlling rodent and other small animal populations. +Behavior. +Japanese weasels live by themselves, with the except when mating, and raising the young ones. They do not like other Japanese weasels entering their home range and will defend their home range. When scared, weasels release musk to discourage predators. +Japanese weasels are also great hunters. They chase down prey by any means, including running down tunnels, climbing trees, or swimming. Anywhere prey can go, the weasel can follow. They are both diurnal and nocturnal. +Reproduction. +The mating season is from early May to late June. After mating, gestation takes about 30 days. The number of kits varies from 2 to 12, but is usually 5 or 6. It takes 8 weeks to fully be weaned and live by themselves. Japanese weasels are sexually mature at one year old. +Breeding season is twice a year in Kyushu, once a year in Hokkaido. +Economic importance. +In the past century Japanese weasels have been introduced to many small Japanese islands to kill rats that were damaging crops. Together with the use of some rodenticide, the weasels helped reduce rat populations. Japanese weasels are also trapped and used in the fur trade. Japanese weasels also sometimes hunt domestic birds, such as chickens and ducks. +Conservation status. +Although their populations are in slight decline, Japanese weasels are listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List because of their widespread population across Japan. The main threat to Japanese weasels is habitat loss because of residential and commercial development. + += = = Brown-headed thrush = = = +The brown-headed thrush ("Turdus chrysolaus"), sometimes known as the brown thrush, is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. +This bird breeds in Sakhalin, the Kuril Islands and Japan. It winters in the south, toward the Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Hainan and the northern Philippines. Its natural habitat is temperate forests. +It is 23–24 cm long and weighs around 64–90 g. The body color of the male and female is almost the same and black on the head and distinct bright orange feathers from chest to side of abdomen. The male has slaty-brown face and throat, shading through brown on hindcrown and neck to russet-tinged brown upperparts; chestnut-orange breast. +They prefer to live in bright needle-leaved forests with larches from flatlands to mountains. + += = = Okinawa rail = = = +The Okinawa rail ("Gallirallus okinawae") is a species of bird endemic to Okinawa Island in Japan, where it is known as the "Yanbaru kuina" (Yanbaru rail). It is known to local people such as Agathi, Agacha (meaning 'hurry'),and Yamadhui(meaning 'mountain bird'). +Appearance. +The face is black with a white spot between the bill and eye and a white line behind the eye, extending back to the side of the neck. The undertail-coverts are dark brown with pale bars. +Its wing length is 15–16 cm. Its eggs are 5 cm long and 3.5 cm wide. It lives in the evergreen broad-leaved forest which is 500m above sea level. +It is about 30 cm long with a wingspan of 50 cm and a weight of around 435 g. +Living areas. +It lives in subtropical moist forests and in neighbouring habitats. +Food and water. +It has any prey which inhabit in an artificial water field advanced organic pollution. Such as food mainly living in the road and forest adge. +References. +The bill and iris are brownish and the legs and feet are yellow-ochre. +It is a noisy bird with a variety of loud calls. It calls most often early and late in the day, usually from the ground but sometimes from trees. Pairs often call together and up to 12 birds have been heard in one area. +Relationship with human. +Forest logging and agricultural land development - Destruction and division of habitats by forest roads and dam construction, traffic accidents, weakness death due to chicks sliding down to side grooves, predation by artificially introduced dogs and nonneko · fairy mongoose etc. Is decreasing + += = = Ryukyu black-breasted leaf turtle = = = +The Ryukyu black-breasted leaf turtle or Ryukyu leaf turtle, "Geoemyda japonica", is a species of turtle in the family Geoemydidae (formerly Bataguridae) endemic to the Ryukyu Islands in Japan. In 1975, the species was designated a National Natural Monument of Japan. It grows to about 5–6 inches long. In captivity, it feeds on worms, snails, insects, and fruit. Due to its rarity and very attractive appearance, this species is highly sought-after by turtle collectors worldwide. +At first it was considered a subspecies of "Geoemyda spengleri", and named Geoemyda spengleri japonica. It was redescribed as a separate species and given its current binomial name in 1992. +Hybrids between different genera of Geoemydidae are rather commonplace. This species is known to hybridize with "Cuora flavomarginata" males in captivity and in the wild. +Introductione. +Ryukyu black-breasted leaf turtle is an endemic species of turtle in Japan. +Appearance. +It grows to about 15.6 cm. It has black and yellow in stomach. +Living areas. +It lives in North Okinawa, Kubejima and Tokasikijima. It does not herdine but it spends at the cave and around the cave during winter. +Food and water. +It eats leaf, fruit and insect. It is eaten by Ryukyu born. +Repruduction. +It borns two babies at once from June and September. Baby is about 3.5 cm. +Threats. +It's threats are habitat loss by the development. +Relationship with humans. +We cannot export it in Japan. +This species is endangered and is protected. + += = = Amanda Vickery = = = +Amanda Jane Vickery (born 8 December 1962) is an English writer and television presenter. She was a professor of History at the Royal Holloway college at the University of London. +She wrote the following books: +In 2015 she presented the documentary The Story of Women and Power on BBC 2 + += = = Delicatessen = = = +A delicatessen is a shop that sells prepared foods of high quality to retail customers (shoppers). Typical products are cheeses, smoked fish, and cured meats, "delicacies" that have a long shelf life. The foods requiring refrigeration are kept in and sold from a cold case, or as canned foods on shelves. +Neighborhood delicatessens often feature ethnic foods for immigrant and second-generation patrons. + += = = Poinsett County, Arkansas = = = +Poinsett County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,965. The county seat is Harrisburg. It was founded on February 28, 1838. + += = = Polk County, Arkansas = = = +Polk County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,221. The county seat is Mena. Polk County was founded on November 30, 1844, and named for James Polk, 11th President of the United States (1845–1849). + += = = Pope County, Arkansas = = = +Pope County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 63,381. The county seat is Russellville. It was founded on November 2, 1829. + += = = Prairie County = = = +Prairie County is the name of two counties in the United States: + += = = Prairie County, Arkansas = = = +Prairie County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,282. The county seats are Des Arc and DeValls Bluff. It was founded on November 25, 1846. + += = = Randolph County, Arkansas = = = +Randolph County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,571. The county seat is Pocahontas. It was founded on October 29, 1835. +The county is between the Ozark Mountains and Arkansas Delta. + += = = Palestine, Texas = = = +Palestine is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Anderson County. +Geograply. +Palestine has a total area of 19.6 square miles. + += = = Coat of arms of Sweden = = = +The coat of arms of Sweden () has a lesser and a greater version. + += = = Challenge (TV channel) = = = +Challenge is a British television channel, launched as The Family Channel on 1 September 1993. The channel was renamed and rebranded as "Challenge TV" on Monday 3 February 1997, with most of the original programmes dropped from the schedule or moved to other channels. The channel mostly shows game shows from the UK and around the world, with some original productions. On 1 February 2011, Challenge replaced Channel One on the Freeview platform. On 3 December 2012, Challenge launched on the free-to-air satellite platform Freesat. + += = = South African Communist Party = = = +The South African Communist Party (SACP) is a communist party in South Africa. It was founded in 1921. + += = = Pauls Putniņš = = = +Pauls Putniņš (12 November 1937 – 1 December 2018) was a Latvian playwright, journalist and politician. +Biography. +He was born in Riga, Latvia. He was a popular playwright in the 1980s and 1990s, he wrote 30 plays; some 25 of his works were staged across Latvia. A politician, he was a member of Latvian Writers' Union, he was elected to the Riga City Council. He retired in 2010. +Putniņš died in Riga on 1 December 2018 at the age of 81. + += = = Modernization = = = +Modernization is the transformation from a traditional, rural, agrarian society to a secular, urban, industrial society. Modernization is the industrial society where it is a continuous and open-ended process. + += = = Andrei Bitov = = = +Andrei Georgiyevich Bitov (, 27 May 1937 – 3 December 2018) was a Russian writer. He was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union. In 1988, he was one of the founders of the Russian PEN Club and was its President beginning in 1991. He also taught at the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute. +Bitov was known for his works "", "A Captive of the Caucasus", "Ten Short Stories", "Pushkin House", "The Monkey Link" and "The Symmetry Teacher". In 2018, he received the Order of Friendship. +Bitov died in Moscow on 3 December 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 81. + += = = Geoff Murphy = = = +Geoffrey Peter Murphy (October 1938 – 3 December 2018) was a New Zealand movie director, producer and screenwriter. He was born in Wellington. Murphy was known for his works in "Goodbye Pork Pie" (1981), "The Quiet Earth" (1985), "Young Guns II" (1990), "Freejack" (1992) and "" (1995). He also was a second-unit director for "The Lord of the Rings" movie series. +Murphy died on 3 December 2018 in Wellington at the age of 80. + += = = Bennwil = = = +Bennwil is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Hölstein = = = +Hölstein is a municipality in the district Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Tenniken = = = +Tenniken is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Lampenberg = = = +Lampenberg is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Juliet Ace = = = +Ann Juliet Ace (born 27 June 1938) is a British dramatist and screenwriter. She was known for her works on "EastEnders" and "The District Nurse". She also wrote scripts for BBC Radio drama, including "The Archers". She wrote the screenplay for "Cameleon", which won the Golden Spire Award in 1998. She was born in Llanelli, Carmarthenshire in South Wales. +Ace lives in London. In September 2014 she was made a fellow of the renamed Rose Bruford College of Theatre and Performance. + += = = Langenbruck = = = +Langenbruck is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Sandy Alderson = = = +Richard Lynn "Sandy" Alderson (born November 22, 1947) is an American baseball executive. He was the general manager of the New York Mets from 2010 to 2018. He was an executive with the Oakland Athletics, San Diego Padres and the commissioner's office of Major League Baseball. +In July 2018, Alderson was diagnosed with a returning form of cancer. + += = = John Andretti = = = +John Andrew Andretti (March 12, 1963 – January 30, 2020) was an American race car driver. He was born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. He was the older brother of racer Adam Andretti and the nephew of Indianapolis 500 winner Mario Andretti. He won in CART, IMSA GTP, Rolex Sports Car Series, and NASCAR. +In April 2017, Andretti said that he was diagnosed with stage four colon cancer. He died from the disease in Mooresville, North Carolina on January 30, 2020 at the age of 56. + += = = Ginger Baker = = = +Peter Edward "Ginger" Baker (19 August 1939 – 6 October 2019) was an English drummer. He was a founder of the rock band Cream. His work in the 1960s earned him the title of "rock's first superstar drummer". Baker is known for his musical genres jazz fusion, heavy metal and world music. +In 2013, Baker was diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In September 2019, his family announced he was critically ill and asked fans to keep him in their prayers. While it was announced Baker was holding his own three days later; he eventually died on 6 October 2019 at the age of 80. + += = = Johnny Beattie = = = +John Gerard Beattie MBE, (9 November 1926 – 9 July 2020) was a Scottish actor and comedian. He was born in Glasgow. He was known for appearing on the sketch show "Scotch & Wry" and the sitcom "Rab C. Nesbitt". Later in life, he became known for playing Malcolm Hamilton in the soap opera "River City". +Beattie was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 2007. +Beattie died on 9 July 2020 under hospice care in Clydebank, Scotland at the age of 93. + += = = Howard S. Becker = = = +Howard Saul Becker (April 18, 1928 – August 16, 2023) was an American sociologist. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was known for his works to the sociology of deviance, sociology of art, and sociology of music. Becker also wrote extensively on sociological writing styles and methodologies. +Becker's 1963 book "Outsiders" created the foundations for labeling theory. He worked at the University of Chicago. +Becker died in San Francisco, California on August 16, 2023 at the age of 95. + += = = Nino Benvenuti = = = +Giovanni "Nino" Benvenuti (born 26 April 1938) is a retired Italian boxer and actor. He was an amateur welterweight boxer he won the Italian title in 1956–60, the European title in 1957 and 1959, and an Olympic gold medal in 1960. An actor, he is known for his roles in "Sundance and the Kid" (1969) and then in "Mark Shoots First" (1975). +Benvenuti was born in Isola d �Istria, Italy . He was added in the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1992. + += = = Mark Wilson (magician) = = = +James "Mark" Wilson (April 11, 1929 – January 19, 2021) was an American magician and author. He was born in Indianapolis, Indiana. He was known for becoming the first major "television magician" and for showing illusions on television format. +Wilson died on January 19, 2021 at the age of 91. + += = = David Berglas = = = +David Berglas (30 July 1926 – 3 November 2023) was a British magician and mentalist. He was one of the first magicians to appear on UK television. In the 1950s, Berglas created what is now referred to as the "Holy Grail" of card magic, known as "The Berglas Effect." The effect was first named "The Berglas Effect" by Jon Racherbaumer in his 1984 book "At The Table" +Honours. +Berglas was awarded an MBE in the 2019 New Year Honours List. + += = = John Bird (actor) = = = +John Bird (22 November 1936 – 24 December 2022) was an English satirist, actor and comedian. He is best known for his work with John Fortune. Bird was born in Bulwell, Nottinghamshire, England. +Bird is known for his works in "A Dandy in Aspic" (1968), "30 Is a Dangerous Age, Cynthia" (1968), "This, That and the Other" (1969), "Take A Girl Like You" (1970), "Jabberwocky" (1977), "The Seven-Per-Cent Solution" (1976), and "Yellow Pages" (1988). +Bird died from complications of a stroke at Pendean House Care Home in Midhurst, West Sussex, on 24 December 2022, aged 86. + += = = Barbara Taylor Bradford = = = +Barbara Taylor Bradford OBE, (born 10 May 1933) is a British-American novelist. Her debut novel, "A Woman of Substance", was published in 1979 and has sold over 30 million copies worldwide. It ranks as one of the top-ten bestselling novels of all-time. She was born in Leeds, Yorkshire. + += = = Terry Carter = = = +Terry Carter (born December 16, 1928) is an American actor and movie director. He is known for his roles as Sgt. Joe Broadhurst on the seven-year TV series "McCloud" and as Colonel Tigh on the original "Battlestar Galactica". He was born in New York City. + += = = Peter Cellier = = = +Peter Cellier (born 12 July 1928) is an English actor. He is known for his role as Sir Frank Gordon in "Yes Minister" and then "Yes, Prime Minister" in the 1980s. + += = = Stevie Chalmers = = = +Thomas Stephen Chalmers (26 December 1935 – 29 April 2019) was a Scottish footballer. He was born in Glasgow. He played as a centre-forward. He is best known for scoring the winning goal for Celtic in the 1967 European Cup Final. From 1964 to 1966, he played for the national team. +In 2017, it was confirmed that Chalmers had dementia. He died on 29 April 2019, at the age of 83. + += = = Michael Charlton = = = +Michael Charlton (born 1 May 1927) is an Australian-born British journalist and broadcaster. He was born in Sydney. He worked for the BBC in the United Kingdom for many years. +In 1961 he was the inaugural presenter of "Four Corners", an Australian current affairs programme. In 1963 he was the recipient of the Australian Gold Logie award. + += = = Leah Chase = = = +Leah Chase (January 6, 1923 – June 1, 2019) was an American chef, author and television personality. She was born in New Orleans but was raised in Madisonville, Louisiana, before moving back to New Orleans to attend catholic school. Chase was known as the Queen of Creole Cuisine. She supported African-American art and Creole cooking. Her restaurant, Dooky Chase, was known as a gathering place during the 1960s among many who participated in the Civil Rights Movement. +Chase died on June 1, 2019 in New Orleans, Louisiana at the age of 96. + += = = Madisonville, Louisiana = = = +Madisonville is a town in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 850 at the 2020 census. + += = = Charles Clarke = = = +Charles Rodway Clarke (born 21 September 1950) is an English Labour Party politician. He was born in London. Clarke was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich South from 1997 until 2010. He was Home Secretary from December 2004 until May 2006. + += = = Roy Clarke = = = +Royston Clarke OBE (born 28 January 1930) is an English comedy writer. He was born in Austerfield, West Riding of Yorkshire. Clarke is best known for creating the sitcoms "Last of the Summer Wine", "Keeping Up Appearances", "Open All Hours" and its sequel series, "Still Open All Hours". + += = = John Cocks = = = +John Cocks (23 August 1966 – 6 February 2019), also known as John 'Cocksy' Cocks, was a New Zealand celebrity builder and television presenter. He was most notable for working on the "My House My Castle" series in the 1990s for New Zealand's TV2. +In 2016, he was diagnosed with terminal kidney cancer. He died from the disease on 6 February 2019 at his home in Tairua, New Zealand, aged 52. + += = = Martin Cooper = = = +Martin "Marty" Cooper (born December 26, 1928) is an American engineer. He was born in Chicago. Cooper is a pioneer in the wireless communications industry. He is known for creating the first mobile phone. + += = = Kenneth Cope = = = +Kenneth Charles Cope (born 14 April 1931) is an English actor. He is best known for his roles as Marty Hopkirk in "Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased)", Jed Stone in "Coronation Street" and Ray Hilton in "Brookside". Cope was born in Liverpool. +Cope was diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2013. + += = = Michael Craig = = = +Michael Francis Gregson (born 27 January 1928), known professionally as Michael Craig, is a British actor and screenwriter. He was born in Pune, British India. He is known for his work in theatre, movie and television both in the United Kingdom and Australia. +In movies, he is known for his roles in "Campbell's Kingdom" (1957), "Sea of Sand" (1958), "The Silent Enemy" (1958), "Sapphire" (1959), "Doctor in Love" (1960), "Mysterious Island" (1961), "The Iron Maiden" (1962), "Modesty Blaise" (1966), "Turkey Shoot" (1982), "Ride a Wild Pony" (1975) and "Appointment with Death" (1988). + += = = Jon Culshaw = = = +Jonathan Peter Culshaw (born 2 June 1968) is an English actor, comedian and impressionist. He is best known for his work on the radio comedy "Dead Ringers" since 2000. +Culshaw has voiced many characters for ITV shows including "2DTV" (2001), "Spitting Image" (1994–96) and "Newzoids" (2015–2016), as well as appearing in "The Impressions Show" alongside Debra Stephenson from 2009 until 2011. + += = = Clive Cussler = = = +Clive Cussler (July 15, 1931 – February 24, 2020) was an American adventure novelist and explorer. Cussler was born on July 15, 1931, in Aurora, Illinois, as Clive Eric Cussler. He was known for his novels which feature character Dirk Pitt. In 1976, Cussler wrote his third book, which is about the "Titanic" being raised, "Raise the Titanic!". They have reached "The New York Times" fiction best-seller list more than 20 times. In 1980, Clive Cussler’s "Raise the Titanic!" was adapted into Jerry Jameson’s feature film "Raise the Titanic". Cussler is the founder and chairman of the real-life National Underwater and Marine Agency (NUMA). He later died in Paradise Valley, Arizona, on February 24, 2020. At that time, Cussler was aged 88. + += = = Paul Dewar = = = +Paul W. Dewar (January 25, 1963 – February 6, 2019) was a Canadian educator and politician. He was born in Ottawa, Ontario. He was the New Democratic Party (NDP) Member of Parliament (MP) for the riding of Ottawa Centre from 2006 to 2015. +On February 14, 2018, Dewer had surgery for a brain tumour. He was later diagnosed with terminal glioblastoma, a rare form of brain cancer. Dewar died from the disease on February 6, 2019 in Ottawa, aged 56. + += = = Divide and conquer algorithm = = = +The Divide and Conquer algorithm (also called the Divide and Conquer method) is a basis for many popular sorting algorithms. An algorithm is simply a series of steps to solve a problem. The general idea of divide and conquer is to take a problem and break it apart into smaller problems that are easier to solve. +This idea can be seen in many popular algorithms. A helpful way to think of this idea, would be when a person looks through a dictionary. For example, if they are looking for the word “Dog”, and land on a page with the word “Firetruck”, the person knows that all the pages to the right of firetruck will not contain dog. They know this because D comes before F in the alphabet. This logic allows a person to spend less time searching, because every time they arrive on a page with the wrong letter, they know that they can eliminate the pages to their right or their left. This is an example of diving a problem up into smaller pieces. If one were to apply this concept in programming, one might start with an ordered list. If they wanted to search through that list, they would start near the center of that list. Simple logic would determine if the desired element is to the right or the left of the middle element, or in some cases it may even be the middle element. From there, each time this algorithm searches, it decreases the size of the list by half. This makes searching through the list extremely efficient. + += = = Terrance Dicks = = = +Terrance Dicks (14 April 1935 – 29 August 2019) was an English author and former television screenwriter, script editor and producer. Dicks had a long association with the BBC science-fiction series "Doctor Who", also working as a writer and script editor from 1968 to 1974. He was known as "the most prolific contributor to "Doctor Who"". +Terrance died at his home in Hampstead, London after he short-illness on 29 August 2019 at the age of 84. + += = = Fred Dinenage = = = +Frederick Edgar Dinenage MBE (born 8 June 1942) is an English television presenter, broadcaster and author. He was born in Birmingham, West Midlands. He is known for presenting "How", "How 2", and "ITV News Meridian". +Early life and education. +Dinenage was born in Birmingham. He was educated at Portsmouth Grammar School, an independent school in Portsmouth. + += = = While loop = = = +In computer science, a while loop is a statement which is used to execute code repeatedly based on a condition. Simply, it can be thought of as a repeating if statement. +Overview. +The while loop consists of two parts: the condition and a block of code. The condition is evaluated and if it is true, the block of code is executed. This repeats until the condition evaluates to false. As a pre-test loop, the while loop checks the condition before the block is executed. In contrast, the do-while loop checks the condition "after" the loop has executed. A while loop would typically be used when you don't know the number of times you would like to loop over the block of code. Instead, code would continue looping until a particular condition is met. When the number of times a loop is to be executed is already known before the execution of the loop, a for loop would be a better choice. +A template of a while loop is shown below: +while (condition) + statements; +Example. +Example code in the C programming language is shown below. +int x = 0; +while (x < 5) + printf ("x = %d\n", x); + x++; +In this example, the loop first checks to see if the variable x is less than 5. Because it is, it will enter the loop, printing the value of x and then increment x by 1. After completing the code block, it will continue to repeat the code block until x is equal to 5. When x is equal to five, the condition evaluates to false and the code exits the while loop. A loop that continues repeating forever is possible if the condition is always true. When this happens, it is up to the developer to create a statement to exit the loop. An example of this is shown below: +while (true) + //do complicated stuff + if (someCondition) break; + //more stuff +In the above example, the condition while always be true. To exit the loop, a break statement is used when a specific condition inside the loop evaluates to true. + += = = For loop = = = +In computer science, a for-loop (or “for loop”) is used to run specified lines of code repeatedly. In different languages, there are different keywords to specify this statement—ways to identify a for loop—but they all do the same task. Most languages use either “for” or “do” as keywords. +A for-loop has two parts: a header, and a body of code. The body consists of a set of instructions (lines of code) that run for each repetition of the loop. The header often declares how many loops to complete, generally indicated by either a loop counter or a loop variable. For-loops are typically used when the number of repetitions are known. For-loops are similar to “while-loops”, but usually have a known number of repetitions. +Sample for-loop in Python: +for i in range(10): +print('Hello, world!') +This for loop prints outs "Hello, world!" ten times. +The name for-loop comes from the English word for, which is the direct translation of the earlier German "für", used by Heinz Rutishauser, who also helped define ALGOL 58 and 60. +Loop Counter. +In computer science, a loop counter is a variable that controls how many repetitions the loop will do. Usually, the loop counter variable is an integer value that increments by 1 for each completed loop. However, loop counters can also decrement, and can have step sizes other than 1. +Loop counters change each iteration. With each repeat, there is a unique counter value. The loop counter is the deciding factor for when a loop should end and go onto the next section of code. +Common identifier names for loop counters are i, j, and k(and so on, if needed). +for loop. +A for-loop is available in most common programming languages. While for-loops in different languages will all fulfill the same task, there are differences on how each programming language deals with for loops. + += = = Daryl Dragon = = = +Daryl Frank Dragon (August 27, 1942 – January 2, 2019) was an American musician and songwriter. He was known as Captain from the pop musical duo Captain & Tennille, with his former wife, Toni Tennille. +Biography. +In 1981, Dragon contributed to Carpenters' "Made In America" album, programming synthesizers on "(Want You) Back In My Life Again". In 1996, Dragon played keyboard on a number of tracks on the self-titled album by pop punk band Size 14. +In 2009, Dragon was diagnosed with a neurological disorder which causes him to have tremors. +Dragon died on January 2, 2019 in Prescott, Arizona from renal failure at the age of 76. + += = = Toni Tennille = = = +Cathryn Antoinette "Toni" Tennille (born May 8, 1940) is an American singer-songwriter and keyboardist. She is best known as one-half of the 1970s duo Captain & Tennille with her former husband Daryl Dragon. Her best known song is "Love Will Keep Us Together". + += = = Howard Finkel = = = +Howard Finkel (June 7, 1950 – April 16, 2020) was an American professional wrestling ring announcer. He worked with WWE since 1977. He began working for Vince McMahon Sr.'s World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF) in 1975 and was a ring announcer, beginning in 1977. Finkel was seen as one of the best ring announcers of all time. +Finkel died on April 16, 2020 in Madison, Connecticut from problems caused by a rare-form of brain disease at the age of 69. + += = = Bamber Gascoigne = = = +Arthur Bamber Gascoigne (24 January 1935 – 8 February 2022) was a British television presenter and author. He is best known for being the original quizmaster on "University Challenge", which ran from 1962 to 1987. He was born in London. +Gascoigne died on 8 February 2022 in London at the age of 87. + += = = Alasdair Gray = = = +Alasdair Gray (28 December 1934 – 29 December 2019) was a Scottish writer and artist. His first novel, "Lanark", published in 1981, was written over almost 30 years. It was described by "The Guardian" as "one of the landmarks of 20th-century fiction." +Gray died at a hospital in Glasgow of pneumonia-related problems on 29 December 2019, a day after his 85th birthday. + += = = Kurt Hamrin = = = +Kurt Roland Hamrin (; born 19 November 1934, died 4 February 2024) is a Swedish retired footballer. He is the eighth highest goalscorer of all-time in Italy's Serie A, with 190 goals. He was a member of the Swedish team that reached the 1958 FIFA World Cup Final. + += = = Jerry Hardin = = = +Jerry Hardin (born November 20, 1929) is an American actor. Hardin has appeared in movies and television roles, although he is perhaps best known as the character Deep Throat in the series "The X-Files". + += = = David Hedison = = = +Albert David Hedison Jr. (May 20, 1927 – July 18, 2019) was an American actor. +In 1959, he starred as Victor Sebastian in the short-lived espionage television series "Five Fingers". He was known for his role as Captain Lee Crane in Irwin Allen's television series "Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea" and as CIA agent Felix Leiter in two James Bond movies, "Live and Let Die" and "Licence to Kill". +Hedison had two daughters, Serena and Alexandra Hedison. Alexandra is married to actress Jodie Foster. +Hedison died on July 18, 2019 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 92. + += = = Nicky Henson = = = +Nicholas Victor Leslie Henson (12 May 1945 – 15 December 2019) was an English actor. He joined the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1977. He was known for his roles in "Witchfinder General" (1968), "There's a Girl in My Soup" (1970), "Mosquito Squadron" (1970) and "Psychomania" (1971). +Henson died on 15 December 2019 from lymphoma, aged 74. + += = = Frazer Hines = = = +Frazer Hines (born 22 September 1944) is an English actor. He is best known for his roles as Jamie McCrimmon in "Doctor Who" and Joe Sugden in "Emmerdale". Hines appeared in 117 episodes of the original series of "Doctor Who"; only the first four Doctors appeared in more episodes. He was born in Horsforth, West Riding of Yorkshire. + += = = Michel Houellebecq = = = +Michel Houellebecq (; born Michel Thomas; 26 February 1956) is a French author, filmmaker, and poet. +His first book was a biographical essay on the horror writer H. P. Lovecraft. Houellebecq published his first novel, "Whatever", in 1994. His next novels "Atomised", published in 1998, and "Platform" followed in 2001 were also his best known works. + += = = Alan Igglesden = = = +Alan Paul Igglesden (8 October 1964 – 1 November 2021) was an English Test cricketer. He played three Test Matches and four One Day Internationals (ODIs) for the England cricket team between 1989 and 1994 as a fast bowler. +He played most of his first-class cricket career for Kent County Cricket Club. He was born in London. +In 1999, Igglesden was diagnosed with terminal brain cancer. He died from the disease in Apperley Bridge, West Yorkshire on 1 November 2021, aged 57. + += = = Wanda Jackson = = = +Wanda Lavonne Jackson (born October 20, 1937) is an American singer-songwriter, pianist and guitarist. She became popular in the mid-1950s and 1960s as one of the first popular female rockabilly singers. She is known to many as the "Queen of Rockabilly" or the "First Lady of Rockabilly". Her best known works were "Tears Will Be the Chaser for Your Wine", "A Woman Lives for Love" and "Fancy Satin Pillows". +In 2009, she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the category Early Influence. + += = = Conrad Janis = = = +Conrad Janis (February 11, 1928 – February 1, 2022) was an American jazz trombonist and actor. He was born in New York City. He starred in "Margie", "The Brasher Doubloon", "The Buddy Holly Story" and in the Goldie Hawn comedy "The Duchess and the Dirtwater Fox". He also starred as Mindy McConnell's father Frederick on "Mork & Mindy". +Janis died on February 1, 2022 in Los Angeles, California ten days before his 95th birthday. + += = = Irving Kanarek = = = +Irving A. Kanarek (May 12, 1920 – September 2, 2020) was an American criminal defense attorney. He was best known for representing Charles Manson and "Onion Field" killer Jimmy Lee Smith. During the course of the trial he was jailed twice by Judge Older for contempt of court. In his summation, Bugliosi dubbed Kanarek "the Toscanini of Tedium." +Kanarek was born in Seattle. He attended the University of Washington as an undergraduate and Loyola Law School. He was admitted to the California Bar in 1957. +Kanarek died on September 2, 2020 in Garden Grove, California at the age of 100. + += = = Charles Kay = = = +Charles Kay (born Charles Piff, 31 August 1930) is an English actor. He was known for his stage roles with the Royal Shakespeare Company. +Kay is known for his roles in "", "Fall of Eagles", "I, Claudius", "The Devils Crown," "To Serve Them All My Days", "By the Sword Divided", "Fortunes of War", "Rumpole of the Bailey", "The Citadel", "Edge of Darkness", "The Darling Buds of May", "Jonathan Creek", "Hetty Wainthropp Investigates", "Holby City", "Midsomer Murders" and "The Casebook of Sherlock Holmes" story "The Creeping Man". + += = = Yaphet Kotto = = = +Yaphet Frederick Kotto (November 15, 1939 – March 15, 2021) was an American actor. He was known for his roles in NBC television series "" (1993–99) as Lieutenant Al Giardello. His movie roles include the science-fiction/horror movie "Alien" (1979), "The Running Man" (1987). He played the main villain Dr. Kananga/Mr. Big in the James Bond movie "Live and Let Die" (1973). +He appeared opposite Robert De Niro in the comedy thriller "Midnight Run" (1988) as FBI agent Alonzo Mosely. +Kotto died on March 15, 2021 in Manila, Philippines at the age of 81. + += = = Steffan Lewis = = = +Steffan Lewis (1984 – 11 January 2019) was a Welsh politician. He was elected to the National Assembly for Wales in the 2016 election. He represented the electoral region of South Wales East as a member of Plaid Cymru. +In December 2017, Lewis was diagnosed with terminal bowel cancer. He died on 11 January 2019 from the disease, aged 34. + += = = Henry Lincoln = = = +Henry Lincoln (born Henry Soskin; 12 February 1930 – February 2022) was a British author, television presenter, scriptwriter and actor. He was born in London. He co-wrote three "Doctor Who" multi-part serials in the 1960s and inspired three Chronicle BBC Two documentaries on the alleged "mysteries" surrounding the French village of Rennes-le-Château. +Lincoln was known for his book series "The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail", which became the inspiration for Dan Brown's 2003 best-selling novel, "The Da Vinci Code". +Lincoln died in February 2022, aged 92. + += = = Josep Lluís Núñez = = = +José Luis Núñez Clemente (7 September 1931 – 3 December 2018) was a Spanish businessman and politician. He was president of FC Barcelona between 1978 and 2000. Núñez used to own the "Núñez i Navarro" construction company and "Núñez i Navarro Hotels" chain. He was elected club president on 1 July 1978. His main objectives were to establish Barça as a world class sports club and to give the club financial stability. He was born in Guriezo, Cantabria. +In July 2011, Núñez was sentenced to six years in jail following conviction on a series of fraud charges. The sentence was appealed and Núñez was allowed bail. In November 2014, he entered in jail. +Núñez died on 3 December 2018 in Barcelona at the age of 87. + += = = Michele Carey = = = +Michele Carey (born Michele Lee Henson, February 26, 1943 – November 21, 2018) was an American actress. She was known for her role as Josephine "Joey" MacDonald in the 1966 movie "El Dorado". She appeared in movies in the 1960s and 1970s. She was born in Annapolis, Maryland. She also starred in "Live a Little, Love a Little" (1968), "The Sweet Ride" (1968), and "Dirty Dingus Magee" (1970). +Carey died in Newport Beach, California on November 21, 2018 at the age of 75. + += = = Cecil County, Maryland = = = +Cecil County is a county in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 census, the population was 103,725. The county seat is Elkton. +Cecil is named after Cecil Calvert, the first Proprietary Governor of the Province (colony) of Maryland. + += = = Kaal Bhairav Rahasya 2 = = = +Kaal Bhairav Rahasya (season 2) is an Indian television soap opera thriller series. +The series will be produced by Ravi Garahni and directed by Dharmesh Shah. It premiered in 2018, broadcast on Star Bharat. +It stars Gautam Rode and Additi Gupta in the lead roles. + += = = Common wood pigeon = = = +The common wood pigeon ("Columba palumbus") is a large species of pigeon. It is found mostly in Europe but also in western Asia. +The wood pigeon is mostly grey, with large white patches on both sides of the neck. + += = = Searcy County, Arkansas = = = +Searcy County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,828. The county seat is Marshall. It was founded on December 13, 1838. + += = = Sevier County, Arkansas = = = +Sevier County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,839. The county seat is De Queen. It was founded on October 17, 1828. + += = = Sharp County, Arkansas = = = +Sharp County is a county in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,271. The county seat is Ash Flat. The county was created on July 18, 1868, and named for Ephraim Sharp, a state legislator from the area. + += = = St. Francis County, Arkansas = = = +St. Francis County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,090. The county seat is Forrest City. The county was founded on October 13, 1827, and named for the St. Francis River. + += = = Stone County, Arkansas = = = +Stone County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,359. The county seat is Mountain View. It was founded on April 21, 1873. + += = = Van Buren County, Arkansas = = = +Van Buren County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,796. The county seat is Clinton. The county was formed on November 11, 1833, and named for Martin Van Buren, 8th President of the United States (1837–1841). + += = = White County, Arkansas = = = +White County is a county in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 76,822. The county seat is Searcy. It was founded on October 23, 1835. + += = = Woodruff County, Arkansas = = = +Woodruff County is a county in the Arkansas Delta of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,269. The county seat is Augusta. It was founded on November 26, 1862. + += = = Northwest Arctic Borough, Alaska = = = +Northwest Arctic Borough is a borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,793. The borough seat is Kotzebue. The borough was created on June 2, 1986. + += = = Lauwil = = = +Lauwil is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Bandama River = = = +The Bandama River is the longest river in the Ivory Coast, with a length of about . + += = = Liedertswil = = = +Liedertswil (Swiss German: "Tschoppehof") is a municipality in the district Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Münchenstein = = = +Münchenstein (Swiss German: "Minggestai") is a municipality in Arlesheim in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Alicia, Arkansas = = = +Alicia is a town in the US state of Arkansas. In 2020, the population was 143 people. + += = = Ugo De Censi = = = +Ugo De Censi Scarafoni (January 26, 1924 – December 2, 2018) was an Italian-Peruvian priest. He was born in Polaggia, Italy. He was the founder of Operazione Mato Grosso "(Operation Mato Grosso)". He was the parish priest of San Martin Pope Chacas, Ancash, Asunción, Peru from 1976 until his death in 2018. +De Censi died on December 2, 2018 in Lima, Peru at the age of 94. + += = = Markus Beyer = = = +Markus Beyer (28 April 1971 – 3 December 2018) was a German professional boxer. He was born in Erlabrunn, East Germany. Beyer won the WBC super middleweight title. +Beyer was an amateur he represented Germany at the 1992 and 1996 Olympics in the light middleweight division. He also won a bronze medal at the 1995 World Amateur Boxing Championships and silver at the 1996 European Amateur Boxing Championships. +Beyer died on 3 December 2018 in Berlin at the age of 47. + += = = Selma Engel-Wijnberg = = = +Selma Engel-Wijnberg (born Saartje (Selme) Wijnberg; 15 May 1922 – 4 December 2018) was a Dutch Jewish Holocaust survivor. She successfully escaped from Sobibor extermination camp and survived the war. Engel-Wijnberg came to the United States from Israel with her family in 1957. She returned to Europe only to testify against the war criminals of Sobibor. +Engel-Wijnberg died in Branford, Connecticut on 4 December 2018 at the age of 96. + += = = Boolean data type = = = +A Boolean data type is a data type that can be either one of these two values: true or false. It was originally added to the C++ language by the ISO/ANSI(International Standards Organization/American National Standards Organization) committee in 1998. The expressions are named after the English mathematician George Boole, who formulated rules for mathematical logic. Boolean expressions also end up with a value of either true or false. Boolean expressions are used in branching and looping statements. In programming, a boolean can be used with conditional statements (statements that only happen when the right condition is met). +Examples. +An example of a boolean in pseudocode: +if (Boolean_Expression) +Yes_Statement_1 +Yes_Statement_Last +else +No_Statement_1 +No_Statement_Last +Boolean data types can also be used with other booleans inside of conditional statements using a conjunction operator. For example: +if (Boolean_Expression1 and Boolean_Expression2) +Yes_Statement_First +Yes_Statement_Last +else +No_Statement_First +No_Statement_Last +It can also be used with a disjunction operator: +if (Boolean_Expression1 or Boolean_Expression2) +Yes_Statement_First +Yes_Statement_Last + += = = Nika Rurua = = = +Nikoloz Rurua (, 17 March 1968 – 4 December 2018) was a Georgian politician. He was a member of the Cabinet of Georgia as Minister of Culture and Monument Protection of Georgia from 10 December 2008 until 25 October 2012 during the Mikheil Saakashvili presidency. He was born in Tbilisi, Georgia. +Rurua died of a heart attack at his Tbilisi apartment on 4 December 2018, aged 50. + += = = Philip Bosco = = = +Philip Michael Bosco (September 26, 1930 – December 3, 2018) was an American actor. He was born in Jersey City, New Jersey. He was known for his Tony Award-winning role as Saunders in the 1989 production of "Lend Me a Tenor". He was a regular actor in the "Law & Order" television series and in the FX series "Damages". His last movie role was as Mr. O'Brien in the 2005 comedy movie "Hitch". +Bosco died at his home in Haworth, New Jersey of complications from dementia on December 3, 2018 at the age of 88. + += = = Ekta Kapoor = = = +Ekta Kapoor (born 7 June 1975) is an Indian Film/TV Producer and Director. +She has produced shows like, Kasamh Se, Jodha Akbar, Kundali Bhagya for Zee TV and Naagin 3, Kasam Tere Pyaar Ki for Colors TV, Qayamat Ki Raat and Kasautii Zindagii Kay 2 for Star Plus. She has been credited as having revamped Indian Television's landscape by some, and by others, due to the low quality of her work, she has been credited with lowering the IQ of the entire nation. +Early life and education. +Ekta Kapoor is the daughter of actors Jeetendra and Shobha Kapoor. Her younger brother Tusshar Kapoor is also a Bollywood actor. +She went to school at Bombay Scottish School, Mahim and attended college at Mithibai College. +Production works. +Television. +The following is the list of Television shows produced by Kapoor under her banner Balaji Telefilms. +Note: Television series in bold are the shows presently on air. +Movies. +The following is the list of motion pictures produced by Kapoor under her banner Balaji Motion Pictures. +Web series. +The following is the list of web series created/developed/produced by Kapoor under her banner ALT Digital Media Entertainment for her video on demand platform ALT Balaji. + += = = Bennington County, Vermont = = = +Bennington County is a county of Vermont in the United States. At the 2020 census, 37,347 people lived there. The shire towns (county seats) are Bennington and Manchester. + += = = Prince of Wales–Hyder Census Area, Alaska = = = +Prince of Wales–Hyder Census Area is a census area located in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,753. It is part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest communities are Craig and Metlakatla. + += = = Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Alaska = = = +Southeast Fairbanks Census Area is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,808. It is part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest communities are Deltana and Tok, both unincorporated CDPs. + += = = Valdez–Cordova Census Area, Alaska = = = +The Valdez–Cordova Census Area was a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2010 census, the population was 9,636. It was part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore had no borough seat. Its largest communities were Valdez and Cordova. +In January 2019, the United States Census Bureau, in cooperation with the state of Alaska, divided the area into two new census areas. + += = = Kusilvak Census Area, Alaska = = = +Kusilvak Census Area, formerly known as Wade Hampton Census Area, is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,368. It is part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest community is the city of Hooper Bay, on the Bering Sea coast. + += = = Petersburg Census Area, Alaska = = = +Petersburg Census Area was a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. It was part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore had no borough seat. Its largest community was Petersburg. The population was 3,815 at the 2010 census. It was previously known as the Wrangell-Petersburg Census Area until June 1, 2008, when Wrangell, formerly a part of the census area, was incorporated as a city-and-borough. +In 2013, it became part of the new Petersburg Borough. + += = = Petersburg Borough, Alaska = = = +Petersburg Borough is a borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. According to the 2020 census, the population was 3,398. The borough seat is Petersburg. Petersburg is the most recently created county equivalent in the United States. +The borough was incorporated in 2013, it took area from the Hoonah–Angoon Census Area and the former Petersburg Census Area. The remaining part of Petersburg Census Area (including Kake) was added to Prince of Wales–Hyder Census Area. It was created in 2008 from the remaining part of Wrangell–Petersburg Census Area upon the incorporation of the City and Borough of Wrangell. + += = = Canadian Eskimo Dog = = = +The Canadian Eskimo Dog is an Arctic breed of working dog. Another name for it is "qimmiq", and it was brought to North America from Siberia by the Thule people. + += = = Refresh rate = = = +A refresh rate is the number of times a new image is shown on a screen (such as a television or computer monitor) per second. It is measured in hertz (Hz), which is a measurement of frequency. This means that a screen with a refresh rate of 60 Hz will show 60 images per second. The refresh rate is related to another measurement, the frame rate or frames per second (fps). In relation to a screen, the frame rate is how many images a device (such as a computer) is sending to the screen per second to be shown on the screen. +If a device is running at 30 frames per second, and the screen has a refresh rate of 60 Hz, then 30 images per second will be shown to the viewer. Even though the screen can display more images per second, it is only getting 30 images per second from the device. However, the device runs at 120 frames per second, then only 60 images per second will be shown on the screen. This is because the screen can not display more than 60 images per second (its refresh rate). +As the refresh rate of a screen increases, the amount of images shown also increases. This can make the picture shown on the screen clearer, avoiding motion blur. (Motion blur is when something moves very fast, and it looks blurry. If a screen can not show images fast enough to keep up with an object, motion blur might happen.) Many televisions and computer monitors run at 60 Hz. This is a very common refresh rate. Because 60 frames per second is a common frame rate, 60 Hz monitors can show most things very clearly. However, some people want to have a higher refresh rate, because they use things like video games or very high quality videos, which can have much higher frame rates. Many screens have 120 Hz, 144 Hz, or 240 Hz refresh rates for this reason. + += = = Ketchikan Gateway Borough, Alaska = = = +Ketchikan Gateway Borough is a borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,948. The borough seat is Ketchikan. + += = = Kodiak Island Borough, Alaska = = = +Kodiak Island Borough is a borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,101. The borough seat is Kodiak. The borough is located on Kodiak Island and has the same boundaries as the Kodiak Archipelago. + += = = Lake and Peninsula Borough, Alaska = = = +Lake and Peninsula Borough is a borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,476. The borough seat of King Salmon is located in neighboring Bristol Bay Borough, although is not the seat of that borough. The most populous community in the borough is the city of Newhalen. + += = = Matanuska-Susitna Borough, Alaska = = = +Matanuska-Susitna Borough (often referred to as the Mat-Su Borough) is a borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 107,801. The borough seat is Palmer, and largest city is Wasilla. + += = = Imboden, Arkansas = = = +Imboden is a city in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = StarPlus = = = +StarPlus is an Indian pay television channel owned by Star India. The network's programming includes family dramas, comedies, youth-oriented reality shows, shows on crime and television films. It is also distributed internationally by Fox Networks Group, subsidiary of 21st Century Fox. +History. +It was first launched on 21 February 1992. It was an English-language television channel showing international TV shows from the U.S., the UK and Australia, with Zee TV being the Hindi-language counterpart. After Star ended its relationship with Zee TV, Star Plus was turned into a Hindi-language channel. Star World became the network's English-language counterpart channel. +In 2000, the company's CEO Sameer Nair and programming chief Tarun Katial introduced a number of new shows. It helped to solidify the channel's position as the leader in the Hindi-language television broadcasting area. + += = = Bogosort = = = +The Bogosort is considered one of the worst sorting algorithms. It works by creating random arrangements of given values and randomly moving them until they are sorted. It is not effective for any form of sorting. +Algorithm. +The Bogosort first takes in a set of values from a user. Next it randomly arranges these values. +If the values are now in a sorted order, then the function is finished, else the function repeats itself. +A working analogy for the Bogosort is to sort a deck of cards by throwing them into the air, picking them up at random, and repeating the process until they are sorted. +Simple Example. +Array = (3,1 ,5 ,7 ,8 ,9) +1st shuffling = (1,3,7,8,9,5) +2nd shuffling = (3,7,8,6,9,1) +3rd shuffling = (7,6,3,8,9,1) +4th shuffling = (6,7,8,9,3,1) +5th shuffling = (3,6,7,8,9,1) +(continued shuffling) ... +Coding Example. +The following code is done in Python 3: +import random +def is_sorted(data): + for i in range(len(data) - 1): + if data[i] > data[i + 1]: + return False + return True +def bogosort(data): + while not is_sorted(data): + random.shuffle(data) + return data + += = = Coat of arms of Peru = = = +The Coat of arms of Peru is the national symbolic emblem of Peru. Four types are used: the Coat of Arms ('); the National Coat of Arms, or National Shield ('); the Great Seal of the State ('); and the Naval Coat of Arms ('). + += = = Anwil = = = +Anwil is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Rothenfluh = = = +Rothenfluh is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Nusshof = = = +Nusshof is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = The Rachel Maddow Show = = = +The Rachel Maddow Show (also abbreviated TRMS) is a daily news and opinion television program that airs on MSNBC, running in the 9:00 pm ET timeslot Monday through Friday. It is hosted by Rachel Maddow, who gained popularity with her frequent appearances as a liberal pundit on various MSNBC programs. It is based on her former radio show of the same name. The show debuted on September 8, 2008. + += = = Procedural animation = = = +Procedural animation refers to rule-based or algorithmic methods of creating computer graphics animation. +Procedural animation vs. traditional animation. +With traditional animation method, principal animation poses are specified by an animator at a specific point in the animation timeline. By setting these poses, an animator can artistically direct how the geometry will be framed in some key events. These poses are in the same sense as how a person may pose for a photography session. Shapes and objects in computer graphics are considered as "geometry". With key events specified, the animation software will then automatically fill the intermediary motions between key points, thereby creating continuous motion throughout the timeline without requiring additional works by an animator. +"Procedural animation" is a rule-base approach to creating animations. These rules are typically some form of mathematical or statistical functions which tell the animation software how an object is to be animated. In order for the geometry to be animated, these functions typically require some form of time-based variable as its input. Therefore, one can apply a chain of logical rules and algorithms to create animations without manually specify any key poses. +Procedural modeling. +In computer graphics, "modeling" refers to an act of digitally sculpting a model. P"rocedural modeling" then refers to same rule-based, algorithmic approach to creating geometry. Procedural modeling differs from procedural animation in that a time-based variable is not required. +Proceduralism. +Amongst some animators within the computer graphics industry, procedural modeling and animation method is also known as "proceduralism". +Advantages and disadvantages of proceduralism. +In order to maximize artistic impact of their craft, animators employ traditional animation techniques to set poses manually at a specific point in time. When the objects to be animated become significantly more complex, traditional animation techniques may not be feasible. Therefore, "proceduralism" offers significant advantage as complexities increase significantly. While "proceduralism" enables its practitioners to create infinite variation of models and animations, specific key pose is often left as random chance. Computer graphics animators must decide between the combinations of both techniques in order to achieve the desired outcome. +Applications of procedural animation. +"Procedural animation" is used extensively in visual effects for movie and gaming industry where animation data and geometry must be generated with certain random probability in order to simulate the physical world. + += = = Pygame = = = +Pygame is a programming library for Python to make video games. It can do computer graphics and sound. + += = = Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences = = = +The Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences is an academic unit of University of California, Irvine (UCI). The school of ICS consists of three departments: Computer Science, Informatics, and Statistics. It is also the only computer science dedicated school within the UC system. +University of California, Irvine's School of ICS has three departments: Computer Science, Informatics, and Statistics. It's the only computer science school in UC system. In 2004, Donald Bren donated $20 million and in his honor, the school was renamed after his name, Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences. +History. +The Department of ICS was first established as an independent department back in 1968, and in 2002 it was officially declared as a school. +During 2004, the school received an anonymous donation of $20 million, and the donor was later revealed to be Donald Bren. Because of his generous act, the school was then renamed after him “Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences”. +Academics. +Undergraduate. +Donald Bren offers 8 undergraduate majors- +ICS school also offers certifies specialization within the major- +Graduate. +The ICS school offers 11 master's and 7 doctorate level graduate programs. +People. +Currently, the Dean of the Donald Bren School is Marios Papaefthymiou. +Notable people graduated from the school include: Roy Fielding, Patrick Hanratty, Paul Mockapetris, Steven Joe. +Facilities. +The school has three buildings associated with it. The three buildings encompass over 100,000 square feet of space. The three buildings are the Information and Computer Science building, Information and Computer Science 2, and Donald Bren Hall. + += = = Digital light processing = = = +Digital light processing (DLP) projector is a kind of video projector. It uses small mirrors that reflect light. The mirrors can be moved to either reflect light or not reflect light. The mirrors move very fast. When the mirror reflects light more often, it makes a lighter color. When the mirror reflects light less often, it makes a darker color. DLP projectors can be bright and have a high resolution. This can make the picture look better. DLP projectors can be small so they can be moved more easily. Some DLP projectors are small enough to fit in a smartphone. Big DLP projectors are often used in movie theaters. +Digital Micromirror Devices. +DLP projectors use a digital micromirror device (DMD) to make the picture. A DMD is made of many very small mirrors. The mirrors are in a grid on a semiconductor. Each mirror makes a small part of the picture, called a pixel. The resolution increases when the DMD has more mirrors. +The mirrors can be moved so they reflect light through the lens or reflect light somewhere else. When mirror reflects light through the lens, the pixel is light. When the mirror reflects light somewhere else, the pixel is dark. The mirrors move much faster than a person can see. When the mirror spends more time reflecting light through the lens, the pixel is lighter. When the mirror spends more time reflecting light somewhere else, the pixel is darker. + += = = User interface design = = = +User interface design (UI) or user interface engineering is the design of our machines and software interface such as the interface of your computer, printer, phones, etc. It helps the user interact with the system in order to increase the user experience and enhance efficiency. +Good user interface never draws useless attention and always finish the tasks first. A good format can help the user perform right interactions and a good graphic design can help the user focus on the function in the system. During the design process, we must balance the functions and visual effects to create a stable, adaptable, and functional system for users. +Interface design is applied in many different areas such as computers, to cars, to planes. Even though most of these areas have similar human interactions, we still need special skills to accomplish the design goals. That is why designers are usually specialized in some areas than others in order to make the best efforts out of themselves. +Standards of user interface design have been developed in 1980s for defining the usability of software products. + += = = Alpha–beta pruning = = = +Alpha-beta pruning is a Search algorithm that tries to remove options that it can take. This algorithm is commonly used for a computer to play two player games, such as chess, go, and checkers. The algorithm stops analyzing a move when it finds another possible move that is proven to be better, and that move will not be analyzed again. This algorithm is a modification of . +Algorithm. +The algorithm keeps track of two values, Alpha and Beta, and assigns "points" to possible moves where the greater the amount of points a move has, the higher chance that choosing that move will lead to victory. Alpha represents the minimum amount of points the player the algorithm wants to win can have(the maximizing player), while beta is the maximum amount of points the algorithm wants to lose can have(the minimizing player). Alpha and Beta start as negative infinity and infinity respectively. Whenever a move is found such that the maximizing player's score improves or the minimizing player's score decreases, then Alpha and Beta will be replaced with those new values. +In the best case, the complexity of the algorithm is O(formula_1) while the worst case is O(formula_2) where b is the branching factor, that is how much each move splits into future options on average, and d is the depth, as in on average how many possible moves are made into the game. + += = = Kadyrzhan Batyrov = = = +Kadyrzhan Batyrov (; ; 9 March 1956 – 4 December 2018) was a Kyrgyz businessman and politician. He was also head of the University of People's Friendship and a parliamentary deputy. +He fled from Kyrgyzstan to Ukraine in 2010. Batyrov received a life sentence for his alleged role in ethnic conflicts in southern Kyrgyzstan in summer 2010. +Batyrov died in his sleeping in Odesa, Ukraine on 4 December 2018 at the age of 62. + += = = Thor Hansen = = = +Thor Harald Hansen (23 June 1947 – 5 December 2018) was a Norwegian professional poker player. He was picked by Larry Flynt to play poker for him after Hansen played against him in Las Vegas in the mid-1990s. He has two WSOP bracelets, one from the 1988 WSOP in Seven-card stud, and then later in Deuce to Seven Lowball in the 2002 WSOP. +He finished in the money four times during the 2006 WSOP, coming in second place in the $3,000 Omaha Hi/Lo event. +He was born in Oslo. Hansen died on 5 December 2018 in Los Angeles, California from cancer at the age of 71. + += = = William H. McRaven = = = +William Harry McRaven was born on November 6, 1955. he is a former United States Navy officer. He was the ninth commander of the United States Special Operations Command from August 8, 2011, to August 28, 2014. From 2015 to 2018, he was the chancellor of The University of Texas System. + += = = Pinehurst, North Carolina = = = +Pinehurst is a village in Moore County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 17,581. It is home of the historic golf resort, Pinehurst Resort. + += = = Junior Science Talent Search Examination = = = +Junior Science Talent Search Examination (JSTSE) is done each January by the Science Branch of the Directorate Of Education in Delhi. It is for students of some schools in Delhi. Only 150 students out of about 500,000 get the scholarship. + += = = 5G = = = +5G is the fifth generation network of cellular mobile communications, first launched in March of 2019. 5G uses many new technologies that make it faster than 4G. 5G currently can get between 100 Mbit/s and 2 Gbit/s depending on the frequency that is used. It is eventually meant to replace 4G. +There are three main groups of frequencies used by 5G: +Lowband 5G is a type of 5G that uses low frequencies, just as 4G does. Lowband 5G has long range (meaning you can be far away from a tower or inside a building and still get signal) but slower speeds than other types of 5G. Lowband 5G is only a little bit faster than the LTE (Long Term Evolution) version of 4G. Lowband 5G usually has speeds of around 100 Mbit/s. +Midband 5G is a type of 5G that uses frequencies slightly higher than lowband 5G. It has shorter range than lowband 5G, but you can usually still get service indoors using midband 5G. Midband 5G is much faster than LTE. Midband 5G usually has speeds of 600 Mbit/s to 1 Gbit/s. +mmWave 5G is a type of 5G that uses frequencies much higher than lowband and midband. It has very short range. With mmWave, you can't get service inside buildings. Most solid objects can block mmWave. mmWave is much faster than any other type of 5G and can reach speeds of up to 2 Gbit/s currently. mmWave is considered the least practical version of 5G since the range is so short and basically anything can block it. +4G phones do not work on 5G. To use 5G, you need a phone that supports it. Most 5G phones have "5G" at the end of the phone's name. +There are concerns from conspiracy theorists that 5G might cause cancer or COVID-19. Scientists have found these theories to not be true. + += = = Berkeley, Gloucestershire = = = +Berkeley is a small town and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England. Berkeley is about west of the River Severn and east of the M5 motorway. +Berkeley Heath is a village inside of the parish that runs along the A38 and can be accessed from Berkeley by the B4066. + += = = North Slope Borough, Alaska = = = +North Slope Borough is an Alaskan borough bounded on the south by the Brooks Range and located largely in the North Slope region of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is the northernmost formal community on the North American continent. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,031. The borough seat is Utqiaġvik. + += = = Böckten = = = +Böckten is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Buus = = = +Buus is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Diepflingen = = = +Diepflingen is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Häfelfingen = = = +Häfelfingen is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Hemmiken = = = +Hemmiken is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Brislach = = = +Brislach is a municipality of the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Laufen, Switzerland = = = +Laufen () is a municipality and the capital of the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Känerkinden = = = +Känerkinden is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Wintersingen = = = +Wintersingen is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Kilchberg, Basel-Landschaft = = = +Kilchberg is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Franklin County, Vermont = = = +Franklin County is a county of Vermont in the United States. At the 2020 census, 49,946 people lived there. The county seat is the city of St. Albans. It borders the Canadian province of Quebec. + += = = Maisprach = = = +Maisprach is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Coop (Switzerland) = = = +Coop is a Swiss cooperative which operates the second largest supermarket chain in Switzerland after Migros. + += = = Aitkin County, Minnesota = = = +Aitkin County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 15,697 people lived there. The county seat is Aitkin. + += = = Shoucheng Zhang = = = +Shoucheng Zhang (; February 15, 1963 – December 1, 2018) was a Chinese-born American physicist. He was born in Shanghai. He was the JG Jackson and CJ Wood professor of physics at Stanford University. He was a condensed matter theorist known for his work on topological insulators, the quantum Hall effect, the quantum spin Hall effect, spintronics, and high temperature superconductivity. +From 2015 until his death in 2018, Zhang was a member of the National Academy of Sciences. +Zhang, who suffered from depression, was found dead at his Stanford, California home on December 1, 2018, aged 55. + += = = Larry Hennig = = = +Larry Hennig (June 18, 1936 – December 6, 2018) was an American professional wrestler. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Hennig was trained by Verne Gagne. +Hennig was the father of the late Curt "Mr. Perfect" Hennig, and the grandfather of Joe "Curtis Axel" Hennig and Amy "Ms. Perfect" Hennig. +Hennig worked in the American Wrestling Association, National Wrestling Alliance, and the World Wide Wrestling Federation. Hennig was known by the nickname, "The Axe", a nickname he had because of his signature, often finishing move of dropping a full weight elbow onto his opponents. +On December 6, 2018, Hennig died in Tallahassee, Florida from kidney failure, aged 82. + += = = Joseph Joffo = = = +Joseph Joffo (2 April 1931 – 6 December 2018) was a French author. He was born in Paris. Joffo was best known for his memoir "Un sac de billes" ("A Bag of Marbles"), which has been translated into eighteen languages since 1973. +His novel "Baby-foot", published in 1977, follows on from "Un sac de billes" and describes his life in Paris following World War II and his discovery of American values. +Joffo died on 6 December 2018 at a hospital in Saint-Laurent-du-Var, Alpes-Maritimes from a short-illness at the age of 87. + += = = Pete Shelley = = = +Pete Shelley (born Peter Campbell McNeish; 17 April 1955 – 6 December 2018) was an English singer-songwriter and rock guitarist. He was born in Leigh, Lancashire, but was raised in Bolton, Manchester. Shelley was best known as the founder and bandleader of Buzzcocks. His best known song was "Homosapien" (1981). +Shelley died on 6 December 2018 from a heart attack at his home in Estonia, aged 63. + += = = Barbara Brooks Wallace = = = +Barbara Brooks Wallace (December 3, 1922 – November 27, 2018) was an American children's writer. She won the NLAPW Children's Book Award and International Youth Library for "Claudia" (2001) and William Allen White Children's Book Award for "Peppermints in the Parlor" (1983). +Wallace won two Edgar Allan Poe Awards from the Mystery Writers of America for "The Twin in the Tavern" (1994) and "Sparrows in the Scullery" (1998). +Wallace was born in Suzhou, China. She was raised in San Francisco, California. Wallace studied at the University of California, Los Angeles. Wallace died on November 27, 2018 in Arlington, Virginia from complications of pneumonia at the age of 95. + += = = Suzhou = = = +Suzhou (Wu Chinese ["sou˥ tseu˨˩" ]) is a major city in southeastern Jiangsu Province of East China. It is about northwest of Shanghai. +It is the second largest city in the province, after its capital Nanjing. The city is located on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the shores of Lake Tai and belongs to the Yangtze River Delta region. Suzhou is a prefecture-level city with a population of 4.33 million in its city proper, and a total resident population () of 10.58 million in its administrative area. +Its urban population grew at a rate of 6.5% between 2000 and 2014, which is the highest among cities with more than 5 million people. + += = = Orlov diamond = = = +The Orlov (sometimes spelled Orloff) is a large diamond that came from India. It is a part of the Diamond Fund at the Moscow Kremlin. In 1774, it was put into the Imperial Sceptre of Russian Empress Catherine the Great. + += = = Kadiatou Holm Keita = = = +Kadiatou Claudine Holm Keita, (born 6 September 2001), is a Swedish singer. She is a finalist in the Swedish singing competition on TV called Idol 2018. She will compete against another singer called Sebastian Walldén in Globen on 7 December 2018. +Kadiatou took part in Melodifestivalen 2021 with her song "One Touch", but failed to qualify for the final after placing sixth in the first semi-final. + += = = Foch Hospital = = = +The Foch Hospital is a hospital in the Suresnes, close to Paris. It is one of Europe's largest hospitals. It was created in 1929. It is a partner of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines. + += = = Jodha Akbar = = = +Jodha Akbar is an Indian historical fiction drama on Zee TV. + += = = Euler's totient theorem = = = +In number theory, Euler's totient theorem (also known as the Fermat–Euler theorem) states that if "n" and "a" are coprime, (meaning that the only number that divides "n" and "a" is 1), then the following equivalence relation holds: +where formula_2 is Euler's totient function. +Euler's theorem is a more refined theorem of Fermat's little theorem, which Pierre de Fermat had published in 1640, a hundred years prior. Fermat's theorem remained unproven until the work of 18th-century Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler. + += = = Kukri = = = +The kukri or khukuri ( "khukuri") is a knife which is mostly used by Nepali speaking Gurkhas of India and Nepal. The blade of the knife is curved inward, similar to a machete. It is used as both a tool and as a weapon in South Asia. +The "kukri", "khukri", and "kukkri" spellings are of Indian origin. The original Nepali spelling is "khukuri". + += = = Rudaw Media Network = = = +Rudaw Media Network (Kurdish: ���� ������� ������), sometimes called Rudaw is a media group in Kurdistan, got Ricardo Ortega Fernández's prize in "6/12/2018". +Criticism. +Many international and local sources claim it is mainly used by the Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani to spread propaganda for the ruling Kurdistan Democratic Party. + += = = Nikolai Yezhov = = = +Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov (Russian : ������� �������� ���� : May 1, 1895 in St Petersburg,Russian Empire – February 4,in Moscow, RSFSR, Soviet Union 1940) was the leader of the Soviet secret police called the NKVD. He worked for Joseph Stalin from 1936 to 1938, during the Great Purge. He was executed in 1940 by Stalin and Lavrentiy Beria who replaced him . Nikolai Yezhov was born on May 1 1895 in the Russian Empire either in St Petersburg,Russia,or probably Veiveriai,Marijampolė,or Kaunas in Lithuania in Imperial Russia . +He joined the Bolsheviks in April 1917, led by Lenin a few months before the October Revolution. He was known as a determined loyalist of Joseph Stalin, and in 1935 he wrote a paper in which he argued that political opposition must eventually lead to violence and terrorism; this became in part the ideological basis of the Purges. He became head of the NKVD in early 1937, after the dismissal of Genrikh Yagoda. Under Yezhov, the purges reached their height, with roughly half of the Soviet political and military establishment being exiled or shot, along with hundreds of thousands of others, suspected of disloyalty or wrecking. +Eventually, Stalin dismissed Yezhov from his post in November 1938, demoting him to the post of Commissar of Water Transport; less than a year later, Yezhov was arrested and put on trial for excesses committed during the Purges. In his defence, Yezhov said that he regretted only that he had not punished enough counter-revolutionaries. He was found guilty and probably executed in secret in 1940. + += = = Permeance = = = +Permeance is how well matter or energy flows through something. In science, permeance is usually shown as: formula_1. + += = = Hancock (movie) = = = +Hancock is a 2008 American superhero comedy movie directed by Peter Berg and starring Will Smith, Charlize Theron, and Jason Bateman. It tells the story of a vigilante superhero, John Hancock (Smith) from Los Angeles whose reckless actions routinely cost the city millions of dollars. Eventually one person he saves, Ray Embrey (Bateman), makes it his mission to change Hancock's public image for the better. + += = = Tom C. Clark = = = +Thomas Campbell Clark (September 23, 1899 – June 13, 1977) was an American lawyer. He was the 59th United States Attorney General from 1945 to 1949. He was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1949 to 1967. + += = = Anoka County, Minnesota = = = +Anoka County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 363,887 people lived there. The county seat is Anoka. + += = = Becker County, Minnesota = = = +Becker County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 35,183 people lived there. The county seat is Detroit Lakes. + += = = Beltrami County, Minnesota = = = +Beltrami County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 46,228 people lived there. The county seat is Bemidji. + += = = Benton County, Minnesota = = = +Benton County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 41,379 people lived there. The county seat is Foley. + += = = Big Stone County, Minnesota = = = +Big Stone County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, 5,166 people lived there. The county seat is Ortonville. + += = = Ortonville, Minnesota = = = +Ortonville is a city in Big Stone County in the U.S. state of Minnesota at the southern tip of Big Stone Lake, along the border with South Dakota. The population was 2,021 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Big Stone County. Big Stone Lake State Park is nearby. + += = = Blue Earth County, Minnesota = = = +Blue Earth County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 69,112 people lived there. The county seat is Mankato. + += = = Brown County, Minnesota = = = +Brown County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 25,912 people lived there. The county seat is New Ulm. + += = = New Ulm, Minnesota = = = +New Ulm is a city in the U.S. state of Minnesota. It is the county seat of Brown County. + += = = Carlton County, Minnesota = = = +Carlton County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 36,207 people lived there. The county seat is Carlton. + += = = Läufelfingen = = = +Läufelfingen is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Coat of arms of Ireland = = = +The coat of arms of Ireland is a gold harp with silver strings on a blue background. + += = = Carver County, Minnesota = = = +Carver County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 106,922 people lived there. The county seat is Chaska. + += = = Freida Pinto = = = +Freida Selena Pinto (born 18 October 1984) is an Indian actress. She was born in Mumbai. Pinto appeared in British and American movies. She starred in the 2008 movie "Slumdog Millionaire". In 2011, Pinto starred in science fiction movie "Rise of the Planet of the Apes". +Before becoming an actress, Pinto was a model and television presenter. + += = = Peter Mullan = = = +Peter Mullan (; born 2 November 1959) is a Scottish actor and director. He is best known for his role in Ken Loach's "My Name Is Joe" (1998) and "The Claim" (2000). +Mullan appeared in cult classics such as "Riff-Raff" (1991), "Braveheart" (1995), "Trainspotting" (1996), "Young Adam" (2003), "Children of Men" (2006), "War Horse" (2011) and the "Harry Potter" series (2010–11). + += = = To All the Boys I've Loved Before (movie) = = = +To All the Boys I've Loved Before is a 2018 American teen romance movie directed by Susan Johnson. It stars Lana Condor, Noah Centineo, Janel Parrish, Anna Cathcart, Madeleine Arthur, Emilija Baranac, Israel Broussard and John Corbett. It is based on Jenny Han's 2014 novel of the same name. It was released by Netflix on August 17, 2018. +In November 2018, it was reported that Netflix and Paramount's Awesomeness Films were in discussions to produce a sequel to the movie. + += = = Gerald's Game (movie) = = = +Gerald's Game is a 2017 American psychological horror movie directed and edited by Mike Flanagan and written by Jeff Howard and Flanagan. It is based on Stephen King's 1992 novel of the same name. The movie stars Carla Gugino and Bruce Greenwood. +It was released on September 29, 2017, by Netflix. + += = = The Christmas Chronicles = = = +The Christmas Chronicles is a 2018 American Christmas comedy movie directed by Clay Kaytis. The movie stars Kurt Russell, Judah Lewis, and Darby Camp. It is about a brother and sister who, after accidentally crashing Santa Claus' sleigh, must save Christmas. The movie was released on November 22, 2018, by Netflix. +It was filmed and set in Chicago, Illinois. + += = = The Princess Switch = = = +The Princess Switch is a 2018 American Christmas romantic comedy movie directed by Mike Rohl from a screenplay by Robin Bernheim and Megan Metzger. The movie stars Vanessa Hudgens, Sam Palladio and Nick Sagar. +It was released on November 16, 2018, by Netflix. A was released in 2020. +Plot. +One week before Christmas, a duchess switches places with an ordinary woman from Chicago, who looks exactly like her, and they each fall in love with each other's beaus. + += = = Chordoma = = = +Chordoma is a slow growing, very rare kind of cancerous tumor. + += = = José Castillo (infielder) = = = +José Castillo Rondón (; March 19, 1981 – December 6, 2018) was a Venezuelan professional baseball infielder. He played for the Pittsburgh Pirates, San Francisco Giants, and Houston Astros of Major League Baseball (MLB) and the Chiba Lotte Marines and Yokohama BayStars of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). He was born in Las Mercedes, Guárico, Venezuela. +Castillo and Luis Valbuena were killed in a car crash on December 6, 2018 in Yaracuy, Venezuela, aged 37. + += = = Luis Valbuena = = = +Luis Adan Valbuena (November 30, 1985 – December 6, 2018) was a Venezuelan professional baseball infielder. He played eleven seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Cleveland Indians, Chicago Cubs, Houston Astros and Los Angeles Angels. He was born in Zulia, Venezuela. +Valbuena and José Castillo were killed in a car crash on December 6, 2018 in Yaracuy, Venezuela, aged 33. + += = = Shmuel Flatto-Sharon = = = +Shmuel "Samy" Flatto-Sharon (18 January 1930 – 7 December 2018) was an Israeli businessman, radio talk-show host and politician. He was born in Łódź, Poland, and fled to France after the beginning of the war. In 1972-he moved to Israel. He was a member of the Knesset between 1977 and 1981. Flatto-Sharon was a member of the Development and Peace Party. +Flatto-Sharon died in Ramat Gan, Israel from a heart attack, aged 88. + += = = Håkan Jeppsson = = = +Håkan Lennart Jeppsson (6 May 1961 – 7 December 2018) was a Swedish businessman. He was the Chairman of the Swedish Association football club Malmö FF from 2010 until his death in 2018. Jeppsson studied at Lund University. He was born in Malmö, Sweden. +Jeppsson died on 7 December 2018 at the age of 57. + += = = El Grito de Sunset Park = = = +El Grito de Sunset Park () is a non-profit, volunteer-run community organization, in Sunset Park of Brooklyn, New York. Its focus is community relations with the police and aid for Puerto Rico. +History. +El Grito de Sunset Park started in 2001 that had gathered after the Puerto Rican Parade in Manhattan, New York as an organized "cop watch" program. It took action to document the chaotic relations between police and community members. El Grito de Sunset Park officially became an organization in 2005 after acquiring a large backing by the community for its need of it. The founders are Dennis Flores, Jason del Aguila, and Noelle Flores Théard. +Members. +El Grito de Sunset Park is a small organization that consists of five members including the three founders. They are helped by volunteers that come in for special projects and for the Puerto Rican Parade every year. Members and volunteers use their phones and cameras to record police brutality and document the incidents that occur in Sunset Park to raise awareness of the oppression the community is receiving. The recording are shared on platforms and their websites to support and serve as evidence of how police officers act on duty. +Objective. +El Grito de Sunset Park is an organization that fights against oppression from the socially and economically disenfranchised system. The organization is completely volunteer run and is a non-profit organization. The group coordinates campaigns, public forums, emergency relief, speak outs, and educational programs for the community. El Grito is also in collaboration with groups with the objective to end “zero tolerance policing” in New York City. +Police Relations. +El Grito de Sunset Park collaborated with WITNESS to build a database where they can focus on the 72nd precinct in Brooklyn in the Sunset Park community. With the database in its infancy the project initially launched a website where videos and any facts on officers was gathered and publicly displayed. The database that was built was a tool open for the public to show the police abuse occurring in Sunset Park. Profiles were made on incidents attached to the responding officers involved and is kept up to date to this very day. The information accessible to the public was also created to help create a broader picture for the overall sentiment of the officers mainly involved in the 72nd Precinct. Another scope inside this database is that a correlation of abuse and those officers’ salaries correlations were created. On such correlations the organization El Grito Sunset Park wanted to show in certain instances abusive officers were in fact getting steady inclines to their salaries and is a provocative talking point in their fightback against such tyranny. +Support For Puerto Rico. +El Grito de Sunset Park is involved in towns throughout the island. They work in are Aguadilla, Yabucoa, Vieques, and San Juan.They reached out to help Puerto Rico when they were hit by Hurricane Irma and Hurricane Maria. The organization sent aid at the time of Hurricane Irma and then flew out to Puerto Rico a week after Hurricane Maria hit to provide support and assistance to the communities of Puerto Rico. El Grito de Sunset Park is involved in C"aserios Públicos" (Spanish: Public Housing)"." They work directly with Luis Lloréns Torres which is the largest public housing project in San Juan. El Grito de Sunset Park members and the community organizers of Luis Lloréns Torres worked together to provide aid and relief in mountain top communities where no aid was distributed at the time of the hurricanes. +Current and Future work. +El Grito de Sunset Park received a donation of thirteen acres of land in a mountaintop community located in Yabucoa. They are working directly with farmers of the community to grow vegetables and fruits. They are trying to build a self sustaining model to fund the work they are doing on the island and to grow coffee. Members of El Grito de Sunset Park hope to create a space to bring young people of the diaspora back to the island to learn about the Puerto Rican culture and agriculture. + += = = Stone City = = = +Stone City is a wall in Gulou District, Nanjing, China. Stone City was built in 333 to protect the city inside and its Chinese name is "ShiTouCheng". It now opens all day. + += = = Huawei = = = +Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. (/ˈhwɑːˌweɪ/; Chinese: ��; ) is a Chinese multinational telecommunications equipment and consumer electronics company based in Shenzhen, Guangdong, South China. It was founded by Ren Zhengfei in 1987. +The name "Huawei" may be translated as "splendid act" or "China is able"; Hua can mean "splendid" or "China", while wei can mean "action" or "achievement". +Huawei has had a lot of problems in some countries. They have mainly had problems with the United States government. The US government said that the Chinese government could use Huawei's 5G technology to spy on people. Because of this, the US government does not want other countries to use technology by Huawei or ZTE. In May 2019, the US government put Huawei on a blacklist. This meant that Huawei could not do business with American companies. + += = = Provinces of Nepal = = = +The Provinces of Nepal ( "Nepalka Pradeshaharu") were formed on 20 September 2015. They were formed according to Schedule 4 of the Constitution of Nepal. The seven provinces were formed by making the group of districts. The current system of seven provinces replaced an earlier system. In the earlier system, Nepal was divided into 14 Administrative Zones and the zones were grouped into five Development Regions. + += = = Halabja = = = +Halabja (Kurdish: Helebce, �������) is a city in Iraqi Kurdistan, the capital of the Halabja Governorate. It is northeast of Baghdad. +Poison gas attack. +The city is known for an incident in the final phase of the Iran-Iraq War. The Kurdish peshmerga guerrillas, supported by Iran, took control of the city. On March 16, 1988, after two days of ordinary artillery attacks, Iraqi Air Force planes dropped gas canisters on the town. The town and surrounding district were attacked with bombs, artillery fire and chemical weapons, the last of which proved most damaging. At least 5,000 people died as an immediate result of the chemical attack. It is estimated that a further 7,000 people were injured or suffered long-term illness. Most of the victims of the attack on the town of Halabja were Kurdish civilians. +The attack is believed to have included the nerve agents Tabun, Sarin and VX, as well as mustard gas. Another possibility, according to the former senior CIA analyst Stephen C. Pelletiere, is that Iraq did not have the nerve agent to use in the attack but did have mustard gas which had been used in the Iran–Iraq War. It is occasionally suggested that cyanide was also included among these chemical weapons, though this assertion has been cast into doubt, as cyanide is a natural byproduct of impure Tabun. The attack on Halabja took place amidst the Anfal campaign, in which Saddam Hussein powerfully suppressed Kurdish revolts during the Iran–Iraq War. +Before the war ended, Iraqi forces moved in on the ground and completely destroyed the town. In March 2010, the Iraqi High Criminal Court recognized the Halabja massacre as genocide. This decision was welcomed by the Kurdistan Regional Government. + += = = Sejm = = = +The Sejm of the Republic of Poland (; ) is the lower house of the Polish parliament. It is made up of 460 deputies elected by universal ballot and is presided over by a speaker called the "Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland". +Since the Second Polish Republic (1918–1939), "Sejm" has been called only to the lower house of the parliament; the upper house is called the "Senat Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej" ("Senate of the Republic of Poland"). + += = = Jolanta Szczypińska = = = +Jolanta Irena Szczypińska (24 June 1957 – 8 December 2018) was a Polish politician. She was born in Słupsk, Poland. Szczypińska was a member of the Sejm from 2005 until her death in 2018. +Before entering politics, she was a nurse. She became known for suing airliner company Ryanair in 2007 as they created rumors that she was in a relationship with Prime Minister Jarosław Kaczyński. +Szczypińska died on 8 December 2018 in Warsaw from a urinary tract infection at the age of 61. + += = = Prime Minister of Poland = = = +The President of the Council of Ministers (Polish: "Prezes Rady Ministrów") is the leader of the cabinet and the head of government of Poland. The responsibilities and traditions of the office are seen through the Constitution of 1997. +The President of Poland nominates and appoints the prime minister, who will then makes up the cabinet. Fourteen days following his or her appointment, the prime minister must submit a programme outlining the government's agenda to the Sejm, requiring a vote of confidence. +The current and eightteenth Prime Minister is Donald Tusk of the Civic Platform party. Tusk replaced incumbent premier Mateusz Morawiecki, who resigned on 13 December 2023. +List of prime ministers. +<br> + += = = Jan Krzysztof Bielecki = = = +Jan Krzysztof Bielecki (born 3 May 1951) is a Polish liberal politician and economist. He was Prime Minister of Poland for most of 1991. +Bielecki was president of Bank Pekao between 2003 and 2010 and president of the Polish Institute of International Affairs between 2009 and 2015. + += = = Waldemar Pawlak = = = +Waldemar Pawlak (born 5 September 1959) is a Polish politician. He was Prime Minister of Poland twice, briefly in 1992 and again from 1993 to 1995. From November 2007 to November 2012 he was Deputy Prime Minister and the Minister of Economy. Pawlak is the only person who held the office of Prime Minister twice. + += = = Hanna Suchocka = = = +Hanna Stanisława Suchocka (born 3 April 1946) is a Polish politician and lawyer. She was a professor at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań and Chair of the Constitutional Law Department. +She was the Prime Minister of Poland between 8 July 1992 and 26 October 1993 under the presidency of Lech Wałęsa. She is the first woman to hold this post in Poland. + += = = Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz = = = +Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz (, born 13 September 1950) is a Polish politician. He was born in Warsaw, Poland. From 1996 to 1997, he was the 8th Prime Minister of Poland. + += = = Leszek Miller = = = +Leszek Cezary Miller ( ; born 3 July 1946) is a Polish politician. He was Prime Minister of Poland from 2001 to 2004. He was leader of the Democratic Left Alliance to 2016. + += = = Marek Belka = = = +Marek Marian Belka (; born 9 January 1952) is a Polish politician. He is a former Prime Minister and Finance Minister of Poland. He is a former Director of the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) European Department and former Head of Narodowy Bank Polski ("National Bank of Poland"). + += = = Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz = = = +Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz () (born 20 December 1959) is a Polish conservative politician. He was Prime Minister of Poland from 31 October 2005 to 14 July 2006. He was a member of the Law and Justice party ("Prawo i Sprawiedliwość", PiS). + += = = José de Anchieta Júnior = = = +José de Anchieta Júnior (11 March 1965 – 6 December 2018) was a Brazilian politician. He was born in Jaguaribe, Ceará. Anchieta Júnior was a member of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB). He was the Governor of the northern Brazilian state of Roraima from December 2007 to April 2014. +Anchieta Júnior died of a heart attack on 6 December 2018 in Boa Vista, Roraima, aged 53. + += = = Paul Reinecke = = = +Paul Heinrich Adalbert Reinecke (September 25, 1872 – May 12, 1958) was a German prehistorian and archaeologist. +Life and work. +Reinecke was born in Berlin. He studied medicine and science under Rudolf Virchow (1821–1903). Interested in prehistory, he also attended classes with the anthropologist Johannes Ranke (1836-1916) and the archaeologist Adolf Furtwängler (1853-1907). During his studies, in 1893, Reinecke led an extensive study trip through Austria and Hungary. +After graduating in 1897, he worked until 1908 at the Romano-Germanic Central Museum (Mainz), and later at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Protection (Die Kunstdenkmäler von Bayern). +Until his death in 1958, he worked on almost all periods of European prehistory and early history, in particular on the chronology of the European Bronze Age and Iron Age. The names Michelsberg culture (1908) and the Altheim culture (1915) as well as the periodization of the Hallstatt culture go back to him. Particularly important are his contributions in Volume V of the "Antiquities of our pagan past" (Alterthümer unserer heidnischen Vorzeit), where he developed, a chronology system, based on an historical analysis of stylistic features and on typological characteristics, that has essentially retained its validity to this day. Reinecke died in Herrsching, Bavaria. + += = = Oltingen = = = +Oltingen is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Lyudmila Alexeyeva = = = +Lyudmila Mikhaylovna Alexeyeva (, , 20 July 1927 — 8 December 2018) was a Russian historian and leading human rights activist. She was a founding member of the Moscow Helsinki Watch Group. Alexeyeva was one of the last Soviet dissidents active in modern Russia. She participated in the Strategy-31 protests. She was born in Yevpatoria, Crimea, Soviet Union. +Alexeyeva died on 8 December 2018 in Moscow at the age of 91. + += = = Ormalingen = = = +Ormalingen is a municipality of the district of Sissach, in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Coat of arms of Ukraine = = = +The coat of arms of Ukraine ( "Derzhavnyi Herb Ukraiyny") is the national coat of arms of Ukraine, featuring the same colors found on the Ukrainian flag. It has a blue shield with a gold trident. +Ukraine adopted the small coat of arms on 19 February 1992. It is a part of the great coat of arms, as the Constitution of Ukraine says. But the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian parliament) has not approved it yet. +The trident became a national symbol in 1917, when Mykhailo Hrushevskyi (a Ukrainian historian and politician) suggested it. On 25 February 1918, the Central Rada (parliament) adopted trident, and it became the coat of arms of the Ukrainian People's Republic. +"Tryzub". +Historians found the earlier symbols that is similar to trident. For example, Kyivan Rus seals are the earliest things to have a trident. Ukrainian trident is a modified cope of such. + += = = Nick Ayers = = = +James Nicholas "Nick" Ayers (born August 16, 1982) is an American political strategist. He is the Chief of Staff to Vice President Mike Pence since July 2017. +Ayers was the national chairman for Mike Pence's vice-presidential campaign in 2016, and as the former executive director of the Republican Governors Association from 2007 to 2010. He also was principal of C5 Creative Consulting, +From November 2016 to January 2017, Ayers was a senior adviser to President-elect Donald Trump's transition team. +Many believed that President Donald Trump would hire Ayers as John F. Kelly's replacement as White House Chief of Staff. On December 9, 2018, Ayers turned down the offer. + += = = Danay García = = = +Danay García (born 5 July 1984) is an Cuban-born American actress. She was born in Havana, Cuba. She is known for her roles as Sofía Lugo on Fox's drama series "Prison Break" and Luciana Galvez on AMC's horror drama series "Fear the Walking Dead". + += = = Coat of arms of Cyprus = = = +The coat of arms of Cyprus show a dove and an olive branch (a well-known symbol of peace) over “1960”, the year of Cypriot independence from British rule. Northern Cyprus uses a separate coat of arms and “1983” is used for when it gained independence but its recognised by Turkey. + += = = Cass County, Minnesota = = = +Cass County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 30,066 people lived there. The county seat is Walker. + += = = Chippewa County, Minnesota = = = +Chippewa County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 12,598 people lived there. The county seat is Montevideo. + += = = Montevideo, Minnesota = = = +Montevideo is a city in the state of Minnesota in the United States. It is the county seat of Chippewa County. + += = = Chippewa County = = = +Chippewa County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Chisago County, Minnesota = = = +Chisago County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 56,621 people lived there. The county seat is Center City. + += = = Clay County, Minnesota = = = +Clay County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, 65,318 people lived there. The county seat is Moorhead. + += = = Coat of arms of Lithuania = = = +The coat of arms of Lithuania consists of a man wearing armour, holding a sword and shield, and riding a horse in front of a red background. It is also known as Vytis. + += = = Rickenbach, Basel-Landschaft = = = +Rickenbach is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Rünenberg = = = +Rünenberg is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Delicate (Taylor Swift song) = = = +"Delicate" is a song recorded by American recording artist Taylor Swift. It was released on March 12, 2018, as the fourth single from Swift's sixth studio album, "Reputation". The song reached the top twenty in the US and Canada. + += = = Strawberry, Arkansas = = = +Strawberry is a town in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Minturn, Arkansas = = = +Minturn is a town in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Zunzgen = = = +Zunzgen is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = 2018 Boracay closure = = = + The island of Boracay, a tourist attraction in the Philippines, was closed (the closure) for six months after April 26, 2018 because of pollution in the island that needed to be cleaned up. When it happened, Boracay was closed and only people living in it were allowed on the island. +Cause. +The cause of the island being closed was because of algal blooms on the island's famous beaches. Other causes were harmful waste products. On February 9, 2018, Rodrigo Duterte, the president of the Philippines, called the island a "cesspool". +Effect. +400 restaurants and hotels had to close for violating the laws that were set in place. 3 casinos were also closed. Buildings less than 30 meters away from the beaches were destroyed. + += = = South Nahanni River = = = +The South Nahanni River is a river in the Northwest Territories of Canada. It is 540 kilometers long. + += = = Bajlo Tomar Alor Benu = = = +Bajlo Tomar Alor Benu is an Indian Bengali language soap opera. It aired on Star Jalsha. The series told the story of an abandoned girl, Minu. She had a natural talent for sculpting. Minu wanted to be famous for being a sculpter. The series was made by Agnidev Chatterjee Productions. Its screenplay and the dialogues were written by Sudipa Chatterjee. Supriti Ghosh sang the title song of the series. The series starred Shyamoupti Mudly and Sanjeev Dasgupta. It was directed by Agnidev Chatterjee. +Plot. +On the shore of the Ganges River, a famous sculptor named Kalikrishna found a young girl. She was trying to make a small statue of Lord Shiva out of clay. He saw that she had a natural talent in sculpting. Kalikrishna helped the girl make the statue. He learned that Minu had been separated from her mother. He took to his home and let her live with him. Kalikrishna told her that Maa Durga was looking over her in the absence of her mother. The story showed how Minu grew up to become amaster the art of idol-making. + += = = Doab = = = +Doab is a word used in India and Pakistan and means a piece of land between two rivers, extending to where the two rivers meet. The most important of these is between the Ganges and Yamuna rivers. + += = = Digital audio = = = +Digital audio is sound which has been turned into a computer file. Digital audio files can be played on MP3 players, computers, smartphones, and more. Digital audio may be uncompressed, such as CDs or WAV files, losslessly compressed, such as FLAC files, or lossily compressed, such as MP3 files. Audio is converted to digital format using a device called an analog to digital converter (ADC). The ADC takes samples of the amplitude of the signal at a specific sample rate (for example, 44100 times per second). These samples are binary numbers. When converting back to analog, a device called a digital to analog converter (DAC) recreates the original analog signal that matches the given samples. + += = = Gate of China = = = +Gate of China is one of the Gates of old China. In Chinese, people call it "Zhōnghuámén" (). "Gate of China" was built in Ming Dynasty and now settles in Qinghai District, Nanjing, China. It is 16512 square meter. "Gate of China" is very magnificent for its barbican. It's the firmest barbican in China. The barbican is a small space between gate and the barbican door. When the enemies go into it, the doors can block them so that the soldiers that have already hidden in the barbican can kill them easily. In the past, Taiping Kingdom of Heaven tried to attack into Nanjing, however, the gate wasn't ruined at all. + += = = Aerobic organism = = = +An aerobic organism or aerobe is a very small organism which lives in a place that has oxygen. + += = = Catalan solid = = = +Catalan solids are a concept from geometry: For each Archimedean solid there is a Catalan solid that is its dual polyhedron. In total, there are thirteen Catalan solids (as there are thirteen Archimedean solids). They are named after the Belgian mathematician Eugène Charles Catalan of the 19th centurty. +Each Catalan solid is a convex polyhedron. Like with Archimedean solids, each surface is made of the same shape. + += = = Clearwater County = = = +Clearwater County is the name of three counties in North America: +In Canada: +In the United States: + += = = Clearwater County, Minnesota = = = +Clearwater County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 8,524 people lived there. The county seat is Bagley. + += = = Cook County = = = +Cook County is the name of three counties in the United States: + += = = Cook County, Minnesota = = = +Cook County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 5,600 people lived there. The county seat is Grand Marais. + += = = Crow Wing County, Minnesota = = = +Crow Wing County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 66,123 people lived there. The county seat is Brainerd. + += = = Dakota County, Minnesota = = = +Dakota County is the third-most populous county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 439,882 people lived there. The county seat is Hastings. + += = = Thürnen = = = +Thürnen is a municipality of the district Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Wenslingen = = = +Wenslingen is a municipality of the district Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Wittinsburg = = = +Wittinsburg is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Zeglingen = = = +Zeglingen is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Labrador Peninsula = = = +The Labrador Peninsula is a large peninsula in eastern Canada. It is bounded by the Hudson Bay to the west, the Hudson Strait to the north, the Labrador Sea to the east, and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence to the southeast. The peninsula includes the region of Labrador, which is part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, and the regions of Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, Côte-Nord, and Nord-du-Québec, which are in the province of Quebec. It has an area of . +The peninsula is very sparsely populated, especially in the north. + += = = Győző Forintos = = = +Győző Victor Forintos (30 July 1935 – 6 December 2018) was a Hungarian chess master and an economist. He was born in Budapest. He first participated in the Hungarian Championship as early as 1954 and became the national champion in 1968/1969. Forintos was awarded the International Master title in 1963 and the Grandmaster title in 1974. +Forintos died in Budapest on 6 December 2018 at the age of 83. + += = = Jim Meehan = = = +Jim Meehan (March 19, 1952 – December 6, 2018), sometimes known as Minneapolis Jim Meehan, was an American professional poker player. He was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota. Before his poker career, Meehan worked as a lawyer for many years. +Meehan began playing poker in the 1960s, and began playing poker tournaments regularly in 1997, when he had a 2nd-place finish in the $3,000 limit hold'em event at the World Series of Poker (WSOP). He finished 3rd in the $2,500 limit Omaha event at the 1999 WSOP. +Meehan died on December 6, 2018 in Minneapolis at the age of 66. + += = = Enrico Crispolti = = = +Enrico Crispolti (18 April 1933 – 8 December 2018) was an Italian art critic, curator and art historian. He was born in Rome. +From 1984 to 2005 he was professor of history of contemporary art at the Università degli Studi di Siena, and director of the school of specialisation in art history. He taught at the Accademia di Belle Arti in Rome (1966–1973) and at the Università degli Studi di Salerno (1973–1984). He was author of the "catalogues raisonnés" of the works of Enrico Baj, Lucio Fontana and Renato Guttuso. +Crispolti died in Rome on 8 December 2018, aged 85. + += = = João Clemente Baena Soares = = = +João Clemente Baena Soares (14 May 1931 – 7 June 2023) was a Brazilian diplomat. He was born in Belém. He worked at the Brazilian Ministry of External Relations for 31 years before being elected to replace Alejandro Orfila as Secretary General of the Organization of American States from 1984 to 1994. He was replaced in 1994 with President César Gaviria. +Baena Soares died on 7 June 2023 at the age of 92. + += = = Alejandro Orfila = = = +Alejandro Orfila (9 March 1925 – 9 June 2021) was an Argentine politician and winemaker. He was born in Mendoza, Argentina. He was the Secretary General of the Organization of American States from 1975 to 1984 replacing Galo Plaza, an Ecuadorian President. +He was an active figure in United States foreign policies dealing with South American. He was a key figure in the Panama Canal Treaty formation. He was present when President Jimmy Carter signed the treaty in 1977. He worked with Carter to fight human rights abuses in the continent. +When Ronald Reagan became president, his influence decreased with Reagan and U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Jeane Kirkpatrick criticizing the Organization of American States. +In 1984, he was replaced with Brazilian diplomat João Clemente Baena Soares. +Orfila died on 9 June 2021 in San Diego, California at the age of 96. + += = = 98 Degrees = = = +98 Degrees (stylized as 98°) is a Grammy-nominated American pop and contemporary R&B band. The group is made up of four vocalists: Justin Jeffre, Jeff Timmons and brothers Nick and Drew Lachey. It was formed by Timmons in Los Angeles, California. All members of the group come from Ohio. +Instead of being assembled by a record label or a producer like most boy bands, 98 Degrees formed independently. They joined a record label later. +The group has sold over 10 million records across the world. They have had eight top 40 singles in the United States. +Songs from 98 Degrees include "This Gift", "True to Your Heart" and "Invisible Man". In 1999 the group released the album "This Christmas". It sold over one million copies. +In 2002, the group took a break from recording and touring. In 2012, they got back together. In May 2013, they released a new album, "2.0". + += = = Deaths in 2019 = = = +The following is a list of notable deaths in 2019. For notable deaths for each month, please see "Months". Names under each date are reported in alphabetical order by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are reported here also if notable. + += = = Mel Sembler = = = +Melvin Floyd "Mel" Sembler (May 10, 1930 – October 31, 2023) is an American politician. He was United States Ambassador to Italy from 2001 to 2005 and Ambassador to Australia and Nauru from 1989 to 1993. + += = = Richard N. Gardner = = = +Richard Newton Gardner (July 9, 1927 – February 16, 2019) was an American politician. He was born in New York City. He was the United States Ambassador to Spain from 1993 to 1997 and the United States Ambassador to Italy from 1977 to 1981. He was a professor emeritus of law at Columbia Law School. +Gardner died on February 16, 2019 in New York City at the age of 91. + += = = Edward L. Romero = = = +Edward L. Romero (also Romæro, born on January 2, 1934) is an American politician and activist. He was the U.S. Ambassador to Spain and Andorra between the years of 1998 and 2001. + += = = Alamosa, Colorado = = = +Alamosa is a city and the county seat in Alamosa County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 9,806 at the 2020 United States Census. + += = = Paul H. Robinson Jr. = = = +Paul Heron Robinson Jr. (born June 22, 1930) is an American businessman and politician. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. Robinson Jr., a Republican, was United States Ambassador to Canada from 1981 to 1985 during the Ronald Reagan presidency. + += = = Julian Nava = = = +Julian Nava (June 19, 1927 – July 29, 2022) was an American educator and diplomat. He was the United States Ambassador of Mexico from 1980 to 1981 during the Jimmy Carter presidency. He was born in Los Angeles, California. Nava was a member of the Democratic Party. +Nava died on July 29, 2022 in San Diego, California at the age of 95. + += = = Felix Rohatyn = = = +Felix George Rohatyn ( ; May 29, 1928 – December 14, 2019) was an American politician and investment banker. Rohatyn was born in Vienna, Austria. He spent most of his career with Lazard from the 1960s through the 1990s. He was the United States Ambassador to France from 1997 to 2000. +Rohatyn died in Manhattan on December 14, 2019 at the age of 91. + += = = Howard H. Leach = = = +Howard H. Leach (born June 19, 1930) is an American diplomat, college administrator and philanthropist. He was the United States Ambassador to France from 2001 to 2005. +He studied at Stanford Graduate School of Business in 1953 and at Stanford Advanced Management College in 1968. +He is a member and former chairman of the Board of Regent of the University of California. + += = = Munster, Indiana = = = +Munster is a town located in North Township, Lake County, Indiana, United States. It is in the Chicago metropolitan area. It is southeast of the Chicago Loop. The 2020 U.S. Census counted the town's population at 23,894. Munster is located at (41.551457, -87.501431). + += = = Venom (2018 movie) = = = +Venom is a 2018 American superhero movie based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, produced by Columbia Pictures in association with Marvel and Tencent Pictures. Distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing, it is the first movie in Sony's Marvel Universe, adjunct to the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). Directed by Ruben Fleischer from a screenplay by Scott Rosenberg, Jeff Pinkner, and Kelly Marcel, it stars Tom Hardy as Eddie Brock / Venom, alongside Michelle Williams, Riz Ahmed, Scott Haze, and Reid Scott. In Venom, journalist Brock gains superpowers after being bound to an alien symbiote whose species plans to invade Earth. +Despite receiving mixed reviews from film critics, the film was positively welcomed from audience and fans alike which praised its story, humor, Eddie Brock and Venom's relationship, characters, soundtrack, special effects, cast performances (especially Hardy's double one), action scenes and the ending. + += = = Didube Pantheon = = = +The Didube Pantheon () is a cemetery in Tbilisi, Georgia, where some of the most prominent writers, artists, scholars, scientists and political activists of Georgia are buried. It was opened in 1939. The pantheon is located in the Didube District. + += = = College City, Arkansas = = = +College City was a town in the US state of Arkansas. On January 1, 2017, it became part of Walnut Ridge. + += = = Eric Anderson = = = +Eric Walfred Anderson (May 26, 1970 – December 9, 2018) was an American basketball player. He is best known for his college career at Indiana University and played two seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the New York Knicks. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. +Anderson died on December 9, 2018 at the age of 48. + += = = Augst = = = +Augst (Swiss German: "Augscht") is a municipality of the district Liestal in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. It was known as Augusta Raurica in Roman times. + += = = Kapellbrücke = = = +The Kapellbrücke ("Chapel Bridge" in German) is a long bridge crossing the Reuss River in the city of Lucerne in Switzerland. It is the oldest wooden bridge in Europe, and one of Switzerland's main tourist attractions. + += = = Dodge County, Minnesota = = = +Dodge County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 20,867 people lived there. The county seat is Mantorville. + += = = Douglas County, Minnesota = = = +Douglas County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 39,006 people lived there. The county seat is Alexandria. + += = = Omega (Cyrillic) = = = +Omega (� � or � �; italics: "� �" or "� �") is a letter used in the early Cyrillic alphabet. It came from the Greek Omega. + += = = Faribault County, Minnesota = = = +Faribault County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 13,921 people lived there. The county seat is Blue Earth. + += = = Er with tick = = = +Er with tick (� �; italics: "� �") is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Er with tick is used only in the alphabet of the Kildin Sami language. + += = = Fillmore County, Minnesota = = = +Fillmore County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 21,228 people lived there. The county seat is Preston. + += = = Powhatan, Arkansas = = = +Powhatan is a town in the US state of Arkansas. + += = = Freeborn County, Minnesota = = = +Freeborn County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 30,895 people lived there. The county seat is Albert Lea. + += = = Bubendorf = = = +Bubendorf is a municipality of the district of Liestal in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Frenkendorf = = = +Frenkendorf is a municipality of the district of Liestal in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland. + += = = Ohio State University = = = +Ohio State University (OSU) is a public university in Columbus, Ohio, USA. Ohio State was founded in 1870. Ohio State University has been noted by multiple publications as one of the highest ranked universities in the United States and in the world. +History. +The university was started in 1870 in a farming group in Columbus, Ohio. The first class had only 24 students. In the 1880s, Ohio State started taking graduate students. They started the law school in 1891. Later, Ohio State added colleges of medicine, dentistry, commerce, and journalism. In 1906, Ohio made a law that said Ohio State University was the state's "flagship campus", or the best school in the state of Ohio. +Academics. +Rankings. +In 1916, Ohio State was the first university in Ohio to be in the Association of American Universities. Ohio State is still the only Ohio public university in the association. +"U.S. News & World Report" has ranked Ohio State University as the best public university in Ohio, one of the top 60 universities in the United States, and one of the top 20 public universities in the United States. In 2007, China's Shanghai Jiao Tong University said Ohio State was the 61st best university in the world. +The school was also ranked as the 24th best university in the US, 10th top public university, and top school in Ohio by Arizona State University. The "Washington Monthly" college rankings placed Ohio State as the 12th best in the country and 10th best public university. +Faculty and research. +Ohio State’s faculty includes a Nobel Prize-winning physicist, Kenneth G. Wilson. It has twenty-one members of the United States National Academy of Sciences or National Academy of Engineering, plus four members of the Institute of Medicine. There are also 159 elected fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science who are teaching at Ohio State. In the last 25 years, thirty-two Ohio State faculty members have been given the Guggenheim Fellowship, which is more than all other public and private Ohio universities combined. +Ohio State is using over $110 million to research important issues, such as research to find a cure for cancer, renewable energy sources, and sustainable drinking water supplies. +Admissions. +Undergraduate admissions to Ohio State are said to be "more selective" by "US News & World Report". It is the most selective public university in Ohio, and it is the hardest university in Ohio to get into. +About half of the people who apply to Ohio State get accepted. Of the students who get in, 57 percent graduated in the top 10 percent of their high school classes, 91 percent graduated in the top quarter, and 99% graduated in the top half. A quarter of the freshman scored in the top 3 percent of the SAT or ACT, and 72 percent scored in the top 1 percent. The average ACT score was 27. Of the 6,122 members of the 2006 freshman class, 290 had been named valedictorian (top student) of their high school's graduating class. Ohio State’s freshman class has admitted over 100 National Merit Scholars for nine of the last ten years. +Campuses. +Main campus (Columbus). +Ohio State's main urban campus is in Columbus. It has a size of 1755 acres, and it is about north of the city's downtown. Four buildings are currently listed on the National Register of Historic Places: Enarson Hall, Hayes Hall, Ohio Stadium, and Orton Hall. Architecture on the Ohio State campus is a mix of traditional, modern, and post-modern styles. +Libraries. +The William Oxley Thompson Memorial Library is located at the west end of The Oval. It is the Ohio State library's main branch, and it is the largest of the school's branches. The school's library system has twenty-one libraries on its Columbus campus. There are eight other branches in other locations, and the system has fifty-five branches and collections in all. +Wexner Center for the Arts. +The Wexner Center for the Arts is at the east end of The Oval. It was designed by the architects Peter Eisenman of New York and Richard Trott of Columbus, and it opened in 1989. The center was built mostly from a twenty-five million dollar gift from Ohio State graduate Leslie Wexner. Part of its design was to honor to the armory (military storage location) that was replaced with the Wexner Center. Its deconstructivist architecture makes known as one of the most important buildings of its generation, but the design makes it less than ideal to show many of the art displays. The main, permanent work kept in the center is Picasso's "Nude on a Black Armchair", a forty-five million dollar painting that Wexner gave to Ohio State. +Ohio Union. +Ohio Union is on the east side of The Oval, and at the south side is another, smaller grassy area known as The South Oval. The west side is contains Browning Amphitheatre and Mirror Lake. +College of Medicine. +The Ohio State College of Medicine is on the southern edge of the central campus. It is home to the James Cancer Hospital, where cancer is studied. It is one of the National Cancer Institute's forty-one NCI-designated Cancer Centers. +Regional campuses. +The university also has several regional campuses and research facilities in Lima, Mansfield, Marion, and Newark. The school also has an Ohio State Agricultural Technical Institute. The first regional campus was in Newark, which was founded in 1957. Students there can get one of six bachelor degrees or two master degrees. In Lima, there are eight four-year programs, 2 high school completion programs, and four graduate programs. The Mansfield campus is in the Allegheny Plateau area, and it has 7 bachelor programs and 3 master programs. Marion's campus is closest to Columbus, and it has 5 bachelor programs and 2 master programs. +Research facilities. +Ohio State's research facilities include the Aeronautical/Astronautical Research Laboratory, Byrd Polar Research Center, Chadwick Arboretum, Biological Research Tower, Large Binocular Telescope, Mershon Center for International Security Studies, Stone Laboratory, and the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center. +Student life. +The Office of Student Life helps students with things such as student housing; food service; health, wellness and counseling; activities, organizations and leadership development; recreation and intramurals. The Office of Student Life also operates the Schottenstein Center, the Fawcett Center, the Blackwell Inn, the Ohio Union, the Drake Union, and the Wilce Student Health Center. +Ohio State has several student-managed publications and media outlets. "The Makio" is the official yearbook."The Lantern" is the school's daily newspaper. "Mosaic" is a literary magazine published by Ohio State, which features undergraduate fiction, poetry, and art. OHIO.FM is the student-run radio station with an Internet audio stream (no broadcast signals are available in Columbus). Students also operate a local cable channel known as Buckeye TV, which airs mostly in the campus housing. +Ohio State University Marching Band is an old tradition at Ohio State. The marching band is the largest all-brass and percussion band in the world. The traditional school songs are arranged to fit this unique instrumentation. The band is famous for "Script Ohio", where band members use their bodies to spell Ohio spelled in script on the football field. It is seen as an honor to dot the "i" in the word. Celebrities such as Bob Hope, Jack Nicklaus, and John Glenn have dotted the "i". +Diversity. +Ohio State's main campus is known for the diversity of its students. In various surveys and rankings, it has been included among the best campuses in the nation for African Americans. "The Advocate College Guide for LGBT Students" lists Ohio State as one of the best campuses in America for LGBT students. +Honors programs. +Ohio State offers two distinct honors programs for high ability undergraduates: Honors and Scholars. The Honors program is open to students in all majors. The Scholars program is centered around thirteen specific programs such as "Architecture Scholars", "Communication Technology Scholars", "Biological Sciences Scholars", "International Affairs Scholars", and "Politics, Society and Law Scholars". Students in the Scholars program are expected to live and take select classes with other members of the program. +Student governments. +At Ohio State University, there are four recognized student governments: Undergraduate Student Government (USG), Council of Graduate Students (CGS), amd Inter-Professional Council (IPC), and Residence Hall Advisory Council (RHAC). +Athletics. +Ohio State is in the NCAA's Division I. Ohio State's mascot is "Brutus the Buckeye". The school colors are scarlet and gray. Most Ohio State teams play in the Big Ten Conference. The women's ice hockey team plays in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association. In lacrosse, the men's team plays in ECAC Lacrosse and the women's team in the American Lacrosse Conference, but both will leave their respective leagues after the 2014 season, as the Big Ten will start lacrosse leagues for both sexes in the 2014–15 school year. +Ohio State won national championships in baseball, men's basketball, football, men's swimming & diving, men's track and field, men's golf, men's gymnastics, men's fencing, men and women's fencing, and synchronized swimming. + += = = UM = = = +UM can stand for: + += = = IIT = = = +IIT may refer to: + += = = MSU = = = +MSU may refer to: + += = = VT = = = +VT can stand for: + += = = BC (disambiguation) = = = +BC can stand for: + += = = Pinoy Idol = = = +Pinoy Idol is a popular TV show in the Philippines that lets anyone sing to people watching the show on television while they are being judged. The singers can be anyone between the age of 16 and 29 years. The show is now current programming in GMA Network. +Host and judges. +"Pinoy Idol" has three judges, who give comments on performances. The three judges are: +"Pinoy Idol" also has a host, Raymond Gutierrez. + += = = Hulagu Khan = = = +Hulagu Khan, also known as Hulagu, Hülegü or Hulegu (������, "Khülegü"; Chagatai/ - Halaku; Arabic:������; c. 1217 – 8 February 1265), was a Mongol ruler who conquered much of Southwest Asia. +Son of Tolui and the Kerait princess Sorghaghtani Beki, he was a grandson of Genghis Khan, and the brother of Arik Boke, Mongke and Kublai Khan. He was also the step-father of Absh Khatun. Hulagu's army greatly expanded the southwestern portion of the Mongol Empire, founding the Ilkhanate of Persia. Under his leadership, the Mongols destroyed the two greatest centers of Islamic power, Baghdad in the year 1258, and Damascus, causing a shift of Islamic influence to the Mamluks in Cairo. +The Polos. +Niccolò and Maffeo Polo reportedly travelled to the realm of Hulagu and stayed in the city of Bukhara, in modern day Uzbekistan, where the family lived and traded for three years from 1261 to 1264. + += = = Dalgety Bay = = = +Dalgety Bay is a coastal town in Fife, Scotland. It is on the north shore of the Firth of Forth. + += = = Elena Bovina = = = + Elena Olegovna Bovina (born March 10, 1983, Moscow, RSFR, Soviet Union) is a Russian retired professional female tennis player. She turned pro in 1998. In 2004, she won the Australian Open mixed doubles. On April 4, 2005, Bovina reached her career-high singles ranking was world no. 14. She retired in 2012. She lives in Quebec City, Canada. + += = = Anastasia Myskina = = = +Anastasia Andreyevna Myskina (; ) (born July 8, 1981, Moscow, Russia) is a professional tennis player from Russia. + += = = WTA Awards = = = +This is a list with all the Sony Ericsson WTA Tour Awards given by the WTA Tour to players who have done or achieved something remarkable during the season or their career. +Player of The Year. +This is awarded to the player who the WTA think has played the best tennis over the year. +Doubles Team of the Year. +This is awarded to the doubles team who the WTA think has played the best tennis over the year. +Most Improved Player. +This is awarded to the player who the WTA think has improved the most over the year. +Newcomer of the Year. +This is awarded to the player who the WTA think has played the best tennis in their first season as a professional. +Comeback Player of the Year. +This is awarded to the player who the WTA think has played the best tennis after coming back from a long break from playing. +Player Service. +"Note: in 2002 the award was not given." + += = = Hopman Cup = = = +The Hopman Cup is an yearly international team tennis tournament played in Perth, Western Australia in January each year. + += = = Wells Cathedral = = = +Wells Cathedral is an Anglican church in Wells, Somerset, England. It is the seat of the Bishop of Bath and Wells. Its construction started in 1170 and the Cathedral was dedicated in 1239. +Wells Cathedral has been described as “the most poetic of the English Cathedrals”. +Much of the structure is in Early English architecture. Many mouldings look almost like sculptures. The carved capitals are done in a foliate style known as “stiff leaf”. This adds to their lively view. The eastern end has kept much original glass, which is rare in England. The exterior has a splendid Early English façade (~front) and a large central tower. +The first church was established on the site in 705. Construction of the present building began in the 10th century under Anglo-Saxon rule, but was later transformed under the Normans. It was largely complete at the time of its dedication in 1239. It has been expanded and renovated several times since then and has been designated by English Heritage as a grade I listed building. +History of the building. +Early years. +The first church was established here in 705 AD. It was dedicated to Saint Andrew. The only remains of this first church are some excavated foundations which can be seen in the cloisters. The baptismal font in the south transept is the oldest surviving part of the cathedral which is dated to c.700 AD. +Two centuries later, the seat of the diocese was shifted to Wells from Sherborne. The first Bishop of Wells was Athelm (circa 909), who crowned King Athelstan. Athelm and his nephew Saint Dunstan both became Archbishops of Canterbury. It was also around this time that Wells Cathedral School was founded. +Present structure. +The present structure was begun under the direction of Bishop Reginald de Bohun, who died in 1184. +Wells Cathedral dates mainly from the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries; the nave and transept are masterpieces of Early English architecture. It was largely complete at the time of its dedication in 1239. +The bishop responsible for the construction was Jocelyn de Wells, one of the bishops at the signing of Magna Carta. Jocelyn's buildings included the Bishop's Palace, a choristers' school, a grammar school, a hospital for travellers and a chapel. He also built a manor at Wookey, near Wells. The master mason associated with Jocelyn was Elias of Dereham (died 1246). Jocelyn lived to see the church dedicated but, despite much lobbying of Rome, died in 1242. Cathedral status was granted in 1245. Masons continued with the enrichment of the West Front until about 1260. +King John was excommunicated between 1209 and 1213. During this time, work on the cathedral was suspended. In this period, building methods advanced so that bigger blocks of masonry could be moved and put into the walls. The effect of this advance can be seen on the walls of the cathedral; at a point in the building's walls, the blocks of stone increase in size. +By the time the building was finished, including the Chapter House (1306), +it already seemed too small for the developing liturgy, in particular the increasingly grand processions. A new spate of building was therefore started by Bishop John Drokensford. He heightened the central tower and began a dramatic eight-sided Lady chapel at the far east end, finished by 1326. Thomas of Whitney was the master mason. +Bishop Ralph of Shrewsbury followed. He continued the eastward extension of the quire. He also built Vicars' Close and the Vicars' Hall, to give the men of the choir a secure place to live and dine, away from the town with all its temptations. +He enjoyed an uneasy relationship with the citizens of Wells, partly because of his imposition of taxes. He surrounded his palace with crenellated walls and a moat and drawbridge. The Palace was now a castle. +The appointment of William Wynford as master mason in 1365 marked another period of activity. He was one of the foremost architects of his time and, apart from Wells, was engaged in work for the king at Windsor and at New College, Oxford University and Winchester Cathedral. Under Bishop John Harewell, he built the south-west tower of the West Front and designed the north west, which was built to match in the early 15th century. Inside the building he filled in the early English lancet windows with delicate tracery. +In the fourteenth century, the central piers (upright supports) of the crossing (where the building forms a cross) started sinking under the weight of the crossing tower. 'Scissor arches' were inserted to brace and stabilize the piers as a unit. The building was now complete, and it looked much as it does today. + += = = Siena Cathedral = = = +Siena Cathedral (Italian "Duomo di Siena", officially Santa Maria Assunta) is a Cathedral in Siena, Italy. It is the seat of the archbishop of Siena. The cathedral was built between 1215 and 1263. The was another church there beforehand. The Cathedral is known all over Italy for its "stripes". These were made by using different kinds of stone. It is also a unfinished building as well. + += = = Caen = = = +Caen ( pronounced "can" (/kɑ�/);) is a city in France. It is the capital city of Basse-Normandie and Calvados. The river Orne flows through it. Today, about 110,000 people live there ("intra muros", inside the city); the urban area has about 370,000 people. The city has a very long history; the name probably has Gaulish origins (from "cato" Military activity; and "mago" field; probably something like "place where the troops exercised"). A campus of the École de management de Normandie is in the city. +Sister cities. +Caen is twinned with: + += = = St. Michael and Gudula Cathedral = = = +St. Michael and Gudula Cathedral is the Cathedral in Brussels. It is named in honour of St. Michael and St. Gudula. In Dutch it is called Sint-Michiels- en Sint-Goedelekathedraal, usually shortened to "Sint-Goedele". In French it is called Cathédrale Saints-Michel-et-Gudule. It is the main church of the bishop of Brussels and Mechelen. +There already was a shrine (or chapel) to Saint Michael there in the 8th century. The Cathedral was begun in 1226. Building finished when the belltower (or belfry) was done, at the end of the 15th century. The cathedral is built in Gothic style. As it is the main Church of the Kingom of Belgium, there are often royal ceremonies, such as marriages and funerals, there. + += = = Strasbourg Cathedral = = = +Strasbourg Cathedral or the Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg (, or "Cathédrale de Strasbourg", or "Straßburger Münster"), also known as Strasbourg Minster, is a cathedral. The cathedral was built in Gothic style. The belltower is 142 m high. It was the highest building in the world from 1647 to 1874. It is currently the second-highest cathedral in France, after Rouen Cathedral, which is 9m higher, at 151m. In 1880, Cologne Cathedral was finished (157m), and later Ulm minster (at 161m), the highest Cathedral in the World. +Considerable parts of it are still in Romanesque architecture. Nevertheless, it is widely considered to be among the finest examples of high, or late, Gothic architecture. Erwin von Steinbach is credited for major contributions from 1277 to his death in 1318. +Victor Hugo described it as a "gigantic and delicate marvel". The cathedral is visible far across the plains of Alsace and can be seen from as far off as the Vosges mountains or the Black Forest on the other side of the Rhine. +An Al-Qaeda plot to bomb the adjacent Christmas market was prevented in 2000 by French and German police. +<br> + += = = Ely Cathedral = = = +Ely Cathedral is an Anglican church in Ely, Cambridgeshire. It is the main church of the diocese of Ely, and the seat of the Bishop of Ely. The city of Ely is about 20 km north of Cambridge. +The Cathedral is known locally as "the Ship of the Fens", because of its prominent shape which towers above the surrounding flat landscape. The fens were once wet and marshy: a wetland habitat. The Fenland in East Anglia includes Ely, but is today mainly drained. It is now low-lying farmland. +History. +Anglo-Saxon. +The first Christian building on the site was founded by Etheldreda, daughter of the King of East Anglia.She set up and ruled a monastery at Ely in 673, and, when she died, a shrine was built there to her memory. +Norman. +Abbot Simeon's Cathedral. +The present cathedral was started by Abbot Simeon (1082–1094) in 1083. The Anglo-Saxon church was demolished, but some of its relics, such as the remains of its benefactors, were moved to the cathedral. The main transepts were built early on, crossing the nave below a central tower, and are the oldest surviving part of the cathedral. Construction work continued throughout the 12th century. The Western transepts and tower were completed in an exuberant Romanesque style with a rich decoration of intersecting arches and complex mouldings. +Early Gothic elements. +A 'Galilee' porch was added under Bishop Eustace (1198–1215) in the Early English Gothic style. It was originally a two-storey structure where liturgical processions could gather before entering the nave. It was opened up into a single vaulted space in the 18th century. Several details of its decoration, particularly the 'syncopated arches' and the use of Purbeck marble shafts, reflect the influence of St Hugh's Choir at Lincoln Cathedral, built a few years earlier. +Work began on a new eastern end in 1234, replacing the short Norman chancel with a much grander 10-bay structure. Northwold's chancel, completed by around 1252, adopted several of the stylistic elements already used in the Galilee porch. +Later. +During the dissolution of the monasteries by Henry VIII, the monastery at Ely was dissolved in 1539. Ely suffered less than many other monasteries, but even so, statues were destroyed together with carvings and stained glass. St Etheldreda's Shrine was destroyed. +The Cathedral was refounded with a Chapter of eight canons in 1541, as was the Kings School. Robert Steward, the last Prior of the monastery, became the first Dean. +Recent crisis. +In 1986 it was discovered that the roofs, timber and stonework of much of the Cathedral were becoming unsafe. A public appeal was launched. £4,000,000 was needed to secure the Cathedral's future and to prevent its doors being closed for good. In just over a year, the money was given or promised. The Great Restoration was completed in the year 2000. +Stained Glass Museum. +The south gallery of the nave is home to The Stained Glass Museum, a collection of stained glass from the 13th century to the present that is of national importance. It includes works from several notable modern artists. + += = = Exeter Cathedral = = = +Exeter Cathedral is an Anglican cathedral in the city of Exeter, Devon, in the southwest of England. It is the seat of the Bishop of Exeter. The present building was complete by about 1400, and has the longest uninterrupted vaulted ceiling in England, and other notable features. The cathedral is built in Gothic style. +History. +In 1107, William Warelwast, a nephew of William the Conqueror, was appointed to the see, and this was the catalyst for the building of a new cathedral in the Norman style. Its official foundation was in 1133, after Warelwast's time, but it took many more years to complete. In 1258 the building was already outmoded, and it was rebuilt in the Decorated English Gothic architecture style, following the example of nearby Salisbury Cathedral. However, much of the Norman building was kept, including the two massive square towers and part of the walls. It was constructed entirely of local stone, including Purbeck Marble. The new cathedral was complete by about 1400, apart from the addition of the chapter house and chantry chapels. +World War II. +On 4 May 1942, an early morning air raid took place over Exeter. The cathedral sustained a direct hit by a large high-explosive bomb on the chapel of St James, completely demolishing it. The muniment room above, three bays of the aisle and two flying buttresses were also destroyed in the blast. The medieval wooden screen opposite the chapel was smashed into many pieces by the blast, but it has been reconstructed and restored. Fortunately many of the cathedral's most important artifacts, such as the glass of the great east window, the misericords, the Exeter Book, the bishop's throne and the Bronescombe Effigy, had been removed at the start of the war in anticipation of such an attack. Subsequent repairs and the clearance of the area around the western end of the building uncovered portions of earlier structures, including remains of the Roman city and of the original Norman cathedral. +Astronomical clock. +The clock is one of a group of famous 14th to 16th century astronomical clocks to be found in the West of England. Another one is at Wells Cathedral. +The main, lower, dial is the oldest part of the clock, dating from 1484. The fleur-de-lys 'hand' indicates the time (and the position of the sun in the sky) on a 24-hour analogue dial. The numbering consists of two sets of I-XII Roman numerals. The silver ball and inner dial shows both the age of the moon and its phase (using a rotating black shield to indicate the moon's phase). The upper dial, added in 1760, shows the minutes. +The Latin phrase "Pereunt et Imputantur", a favourite motto for clocks and sundials was written by the Latin poet Martial. It is usually translated as "they perish and are reckoned to our account", referring to the hours that we spend, wisely or not. The original clockwork mechanism was much modified, repaired, and neglected until it was replaced in the early 20th century. The door below the clock has a round hole near its base. This was cut in the early 17th century to allow entry for the Bishop's cat to deter vermin. The vermin were attracted to the animal fat used to lubricate the clock mechanism. + += = = Lasbela District = = = +Lasbela district is a coastal district of Balochistan province, Pakistan. It became a separate district in the Kalat division on 30 June 1954. The name is derived from two Sindhi words "Las" which signifies a "plain", the greater part of the area being a flat plain, and "Bela" which means "jungle/forest" and is also the name of the principal town of the district. Uthal is the district headquarters. The district is divided into 9 tehsils and 21 union councils. + += = = Awaran District = = = +Awaran () is a district in the south of the Balochistan province of Pakistan. + += = = Coutances Cathedral = = = +Coutances Cathedral () is the cathedral in the town of Coutances in Normandy. It is built in Gothic style. Standing 80m tall it dominates the city and the surrounding landscape. Its use of long straight vertical lines is typical for many churches in Normandy. The cathedral was started in Romanesque style. It was consecrated in 1056. + += = = Kalat District = = = +Kalat or Qalat () is a district in Balochistan, Pakistan. It has a population of 412,232 + += = = Regensburg Cathedral = = = +The Regensburg Cathedral () is dedicated to St. Peter. It is the most important church and landmark of the city of Regensburg, and the cathedral of the Catholic Diocese of Regensburg. The church is a very good example of Gothic architecture in southern Germany. +The first church at the site was built around the year 700, but it burnt down around 1156. The current cathedral was started in the year 1273, and it took until 1872 to complete. In the 15th century, the sale of indulgences was used to finance the construction. + += = = Kharan District = = = +Kharan () is a district in the north-west of Balochistan province of Pakistan. +Administration. +The district is administratively broken up into the following tehsils: + += = = Khuzdar District = = = +Khuzdar () district is in the centre of Balochistan province of Pakistan. Khuzdar is the capital of Khuzdar district. +Administration. +The district is administratively subdivided into five tehsils, these are: + += = = Barcelona Cathedral = = = +The Cathedral of Santa Eulalia is the Gothic cathedral of Barcelona, where they discriminate against people because they don't let anyone wearing a miniskirt or tank top, despite having paid for a ticket. The cathedral was constructed from the 13th to the 15th century. There was a Visigothic church there before. The Gothic-like façade is from the 19th century. +The cathedral is dedicated to Eulalia of Barcelona, co-patron saint of Barcelona. According to Catholic tradition, Eulalia was a young virgin who suffered martyrdom during Roman times in Barcelona. The body of Saint Eulalia is entombed in the cathedral's crypt. +One side chapel is dedicated to "Christ of Lepanto", and contains a cross from a ship that fought at the Battle of Lepanto (1571). The body of the cross is shifted to the right. Catalan legend says that the body swerved to avoid getting hit by a cannonball. +The cathedral has a secluded Gothic cloister where thirteen white geese are kept (it is said that Eulalia was 13 when she was murdered). + += = = Mastung District = = = +Mastung District () is a district in the northwest of Balochistan province. Pakistan. Prior to 1991 Mastung was part of Kalat District. For administrative purposes Mastung was separated from Kalat and made a new district in 1991. + += = = Gwadar District = = = +Gwadar was notified as a district on July 1, 1977 when Makran Division was created and divided into three districts. Gwadar city is the headquarters of Gwadar District. Previously it was one of 3 tehsils of Makran District before the district was upgraded to a division for administrative purposes. The district is divided into two sub-divisions, namely Gwadar and Pasni. These sub-divisions are further divided into tehsils and sub-tehsils. Gwadar sub-division comprises two tehsils, named Gwadar and Jiwani, and one sub-tehsil named Suntsar. Pasni sub-division is divided into Pasni and Ormara tehsils. Gwadar district, with its 600 kilometres long coast line and un-irrigated tracts of Kulanch and Dasht valleys, has always been an important chapter of Makran’s history. +Administration. +The district of Gwadar is administratively divided into the following tehsils: + += = = Panjgur District = = = +Panjgur () is a district in the west of Balochistan province of Pakistan. + += = = Kech District = = = +Kech () or Turbat district is in the south west of Balochistan, province of Pakistan. +Tehsils. +۰ Turbat Tehsil + += = = Valencia Cathedral = = = +The Cathedral of Valencia (Metropolitan Basilica Cathedral) is dedicated to Saint Mary. The church was started in 1238 by the first bishop of Valencia Pere d'Albalat. It was built on a mosque. The mosque had been built where the former Visigothic cathedral had stood. A Mediterranean version of Gothic architecture is the main style of this cathedral. The cathedral also contains Romanesque, French Gothic, Renaissance art, Baroque and neoclassical elements. +There are several chalices that are claimed to be the Holy Grail spread over the world. One of them is in a chapel of the Cathedral. Several Christian historians claim that the one in the chapel is most likely the authentic cup used at the Last Supper. It was the official papal chalice for many popes, and has been used by many others, most recently by Pope Benedict XVI, on July 9, 2006. This chalice dates from the 1st century. It was given to the cathedral by king Alfons el Magnànim in 1436. +The cathedral also contains examples of some of the earliest and best Quattrocento paintings of the Iberian Peninsula. These were brought from Rome via artists commissioned by the Valencian Pope Alexander VI. Alexander VI made the request to make Valencia the seat of an archbishop when he was still a cardinal. This was granted by Pope Innocent VIII in 1492. + += = = Dera Bughti District = = = +Dera Bugti is a district in the southwest of Balochistan province of Pakistan. + += = = Jaffarabad District = = = +Jafarabad or Jaffarabad () district is in the southeast of the Pakistani province of Balochistan. +Administration. +The district of Jaffarabad is administratively subdivided into the following tehsils: + += = = Nasirabad District = = = +Nasirabad () is a district in the centre-west of Balochistan, Pakistan. + += = = Bad Doberan Minster = = = +Bad Doberan Minster is the main Lutheran Church of Bad Doberan in Germany. It is the most important religious building on the European Route of Brick Gothic, a tourist route which connects three countries along the Baltic Sea - Denmark, Germany and Poland. It was the first abbey in Mecklenberg. and was founded in 1171. It was the burial site for regional rulers. Because of this, the church became important for cultural and economic development. +Its attractions include: + += = = Sibi District = = = +Sibi () is a district in the Baluchistan province of Pakistan. The hottest place in Pakistan, in the summer with temperatures reaching . + += = = Kohlu District = = = +The Kohlu District is an administrative division in the Balochistan province in Pakistan. + += = = Ziarat District = = = +Ziarat is a district in the north of Balochistan province of Pakistan. + += = = Hammerbeam roof = = = +Hammerbeam roof is a type of wooden roof. It was used in the gothic architecture. + += = = Quetta District = = = +Quetta is a district in the north-west of Balochistan province of Pakistan. It was part of Quetta Division until the year 2000 when divisions were abolished. + += = = Pishin District = = = +Pishin () is a district in the north west of Balochistan province of Pakistan. +Administration. +The district of Pishin is administratively subdivided into the following tehsils: + += = = Purbeck marble = = = +Purbeck marble is a fossiliferous limestone found in the Isle of Purbeck, a peninsula in south-east Dorset, England. It has been quarried since at least Roman times as a decorative building stone. This industry is no longer active. +Geology. +These limestone beds were deposited during Lower Cretaceous epoch. Purbeck Marble is not a metamorphic rock, like a true marble, but is so-called because it can take a fine polish. +Its characteristic appearance comes from densely-packed shells of the freshwater snail "Viviparus". Sussex Marble is similar in type. The 'marble' large clasts (the snail shells) in a fine-grained limestone mud matrix. +The individual marble beds (also known as 'seams'), lie between layers of softer marine clays and mudstone, laid down during repeated marine ingressions. Some of the beds contain iron oxide/hydroxide minerals, such as haematite or limonite, giving red or brown varieties, while other beds contain glauconite giving a green (or occasionally blue) colour. +Occurrence. +Purbeck marble is found at outcrop, or beneath superficial cover, all the way across the Isle of Purbeck. The marble beds are never more than 1.2 m thick and are often much thinner. The outcrops lie within the Purbeck Monocline, with the beds dipping moderately steeply to the north. + += = = Chagai District = = = +Chagai is the largest district of Pakistan and is on the northwest corner of Balochistan, Pakistan. It forms a triangular internationalised border with Afghanistan and Iran. +Administration. +Chagai is administratively subdivided into the following tehsils: + += = = Qilla Abdullah District = = = +Killa Abdullah or Qilla Abdullah or Abdullah Qilla () is a district in the northwest of the Balochistan province of Pakistan. + += = = Barkhan District = = = +Barkhan () a district in the north-west of the Balochistan province of Pakistan. + += = = Holy Grail = = = +The Holy Grail is an artifact from Christians beliefs. According to a story, it is the cup or plate used by Jesus at the Last Supper. It was later used to catch his blood when he had to die on the cross. +According to the story, it has special powers. Many stories of the Arthurian Legend are about the Holy Grail. The first to write about it was Chrétien de Troyes. The legend may combine Christian lore with a Celtic myth of a cauldron which has special powers. +The connection of Joseph of Arimathea with the Grail legend dates from Robert de Boron's "Joseph d'Arimathie". In the story, Joseph receives the Grail from an apparition of Jesus Christ, and sends it with his followers to Great Britain; building upon this theme, later writers told how Joseph used the Grail to catch Christ's blood while burying him and that in Britain he founded a line of guardians to keep it safe. +A cup that could have been the Holy Grail can be seen in Valencia Cathedral. +The term "Holy Grail" is often used as a metaphor for something very important or special. + += = = St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle = = = +St George's Chapel is the church at Windsor Castle in England. The chapel is governed by the Dean and Canons of Windsor and is found in the Lower Ward of the castle. +The status of the Abbey is that of a Royal Peculiar. This means it is place of worship that falls directly under the jurisdiction of the British monarch, rather than under a bishop. The concept dates from Anglo-Saxon times, when a church could ally itself with the monarch and therefore not be subject to the bishop of the area. Technically speaking, it is not a cathedral, though it has a similar status. Many Royal weddings and other ceremonies with the British Crown have taken place there. + += = = Henry VII Lady Chapel = = = +The Henry VII Lady Chapel is a Lady chapel at the far eastern end of Westminster Abbey built in the Gothic style. +The Chapel was built in 1503 by the architect Sir Reginald Bray. Henry VII was buried in the Chapel on his death in 1509 in a tomb designed by the Italian artist Torrigiani. + += = = Bath Abbey = = = +Bath Abbey, is an Anglican parish church and an old monastery in Bath, Somerset. Its full name is +the Abbey Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, Bath. It was founded in the 7th century, reorganised in the 10th century, and rebuilt in the 12th and 16th centuries. It is one of the finest and largest examples of Gothic architecture (Perpendicular style) in the West of England. +The church is a former Benedictine monastery, and a former cathedral. + += = = Killa Saifullah District = = = +Qilla Saifullah, Killa Saifullah or Saifullah Qilla (fort of Saifullah Khan) is a district in the northwest of Balochistan province of Pakistan. + += = = Loralai District = = = +Loralai is a district in the centre of Balochistan province of Pakistan. Loralai district was created on October, 1903. Loralai town is the district headquarters. Loralai was further partitioned in 1992 when Musakhel and Barkhan were given the status of separate administrative districts. + += = = Musakhel District = = = +Musakhel is a district in the northwest of Balochistan province of Pakistan. The Jafri dialect of the Punjabi language is spoken here. +Subdivisions. +The district is administratively subdivided into the following tehsils: + += = = Zhob District = = = +Zhob () is a district in the northwest of Balochistan province of Pakistan. The Zhob district is a Provincially Administered Tribal Area (PATA). The Zhob district is subdivided into three subdistricts: Zhob, Kakkar and Sherani. The population of Zhob district was estimated to be over 500,000 in 2005. The Zhob River is used for irrigation in the Zhob district. + += = = Jhal Magsi District = = = +Jhal Magsi district is in the centre of Balochistan province of Pakistan. + += = = Nushki District = = = +Nushki District is one of the districts of Balochistan province, Pakistan. + += = = Kathua district = = = +Kathua district () is one of 14 administrative districts in the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir. It is surrounded by Jammu to the northwest, the Doda District and Udhampur District districts to the north, the state of Himachal Pradesh to the east, Punjab to the south in the Republic of India. Its terrain is diverse, consisting of rich agricultural areas along the Pakistani border, plains sweeping eastward to the foothills of the Himalaya, and a mountainous Pahari region in the east. +Kathua district is divided into 8 blocks:Bani, Barnoti, Basholi, Billawar, Duggan, Ghagwal, Hiranagar, Kathua and Lohai Malhar. It has approximately 587 villages. +The traditional language of Kathua is Dogri, a dialect of Punjabi. The Pahari Punjabi is prevalent in the mountainous area of the east. The principal media of education are Hindi, and Punjabi. +In a Muslim majority state, Kathua, like the Jammu region, is overwhelmingly Hindu, the religion practiced by 75% of its district population. Another 12% is Muslim, and 10% Sikh. +A relatively safe regional pocket, Kathua was spared the decade-long insurrection sparked by the Khalistan separatist movement in Punjab that ended in the early 1990s, just to its south, and the ongoing Freedom movement in Kashmir Valley farther to the north, beginning in the 1980s. + += = = South Tibet = = = +South Tibet () is what the Chinese government names a geographic area that is the focus of border dispute between the Government of India and the China. The area, most of which lies within the Indian region recognised as Arunachal Pradesh, is claimed by both China and India. The people of South Tibet have Tibetan cultural, Tibetan languages/linguistic, and the ethnic ties to the Tibet Autonomous Region. + += = = Manorialism = = = +Manorialism (Seigneurialism) is the name for the organization of the economy in the Middle Ages in Europe. The economy relied mainly on agriculture. Manorialism describes how land was distributed and who profited from the land. +A lord received a piece of land, usually from a higher nobleman, or from the king. When he got the land, he also received all that was on it. Most of the people that lived on the land also belonged to him. The nobleman could live and support his family from what he received from the peasants. He had also certain legal powers, like that of a police force. The peasants were commoners or subjects and had to pay tribute to the lord. In return they received protection. +The tribute the subjects had to pay varied. It could be money but subsistence farming meant most had no money. They could pay by doing work for their lord, or pay a certain part of what they earned (like "one tenth"). That meant that if they grew a crop such as some form of corn, the lord got a tenth of what they grew. This is also called "payment in nature" or sharecropping. +Common features. +Manors each had up to three different classes of land: +Sometimes the lord had a mill, a bakery or a wine-press. This could be used by the peasants if they paid. Similarly, the right to hunt or to let pigs feed in his woodland was subject to a fee. The peasants could use the lord's legal system to settle their disputes - for a fee. Single payments were due on each change of tenant. On the other side of the account, manorial administration involved significant expenses. This might be one of the reasons why smaller manors tended to rely less on villein tenure. +Dependent holdings were held by agreement of lord and tenant. Tenure was usually hereditary, with a payment made to the lord on each succession of another member of the family. Villein land could not be abandoned, at least not as long as every fleeing peasant was likely to starve to death; nor could they be passed to a third party without the lord's permission, and the customary payment. +Though not free, villeins were definitely not slaves: they enjoyed legal rights, subject to local custom, and had recourse to the law, subject to court charges which were an additional source of manorial income. Sub-letting of villein holdings was common, and labour on the demesne might be changed into an additional money payment, as happened increasingly from the 13th century. +This description of a manor house at Chingford, Essex in England was recorded in a document for the Chapter of St Paul's Cathedral when it was granted to Robert Le Moyne in 1265: +Variation among manors. +Feudal society was based on two principles, that of feudalism and manorialism. +Not all manors had all three kinds of land: as an average, demesne accounted for roughly a third of the arable area and villein holdings rather more; but some manors had only demesne land, others had only peasant holdings. Similarly, the proportion of unfree and free tenures could vary greatly. This meant that the amount of wage labour to perform agricultural work on the demesne varied as well. The proportion of the cultivated area in demesne tended to be greater in smaller manors. The share of villein land was greater in large manors, providing the lord with a larger potential supply of labour for demesne work. The proportion of free tenements was less variable, but tended to be greater on the smaller manors. +Manors varied also in their geographical arrangement. Most were not a single village. Often, parts of two or more villages belonged to the manor, or were shared between several manors. In those places, peasants living far from the lord's estate sometimes paid cash instead of working for the lord. +The demesne was usually not a single plot of land. It consisted of some land around the central house and estate buildings. The rest of the demesne land was in the form of strips all around the manor. The lord might lease free tenements belonging to neighbouring manors, as well as holding other manors some distance away to provide a greater range of produce. +Not all manors were held by laymen lords who did military service or paid cash to their superior. An English survey done in 1086 estimates that 17% belonged directly to the king, and more than a quarter were held by bishops and monasteries. These church manors were usually larger, with a significantly greater villein area than the lay manors next to them. +The effect of circumstances on manorial economy is complex and at times contradictory: upland conditions have been seen as tending to preserve peasant freedoms (livestock husbandry is less labour-intensive and therefore less demanding of villein services); on the other hand, some such areas of Europe have been said to show some of the most oppressive manorial conditions, while lowland eastern England is credited with an exceptionally large free peasantry, in part a legacy of Scandinavian settlement. +The spread of money economy is often seen as having stimulated the replacement of labour services by money payments, but the growth of the money supply and resulting inflation after 1170 initially led nobles to take back leased estates and to re-impose labour dues as the value of fixed cash payments was less in real terms. +Historical development and geographical distribution. +Today, the term is used most to refer to medieval Western Europe. A similar system was used in the rural parts of the late Roman Empire. The birthrate and population were declining. Labor was therefore the most important factor for production. Successive administrations tried to stabilise the imperial economy by freezing the social structure into place: sons were to succeed their fathers in their trade. +Councillors were forbidden to resign, and "coloni", the cultivators of land, were not to move from the demesne they were attached to. They were on their way to becoming serfs. Several factors conspired to merge the status of former slaves and former free farmers into a dependent class of such "coloni". Laws of Constantine I around 325 reinforced both the negative semi-servile status of the "coloni" and limited their rights to sue in the courts. Their numbers were increased by barbarian "foederati" who were permitted to settle within the imperial boundaries. +As the Germanic kingdoms succeeded Roman authority in the West in the fifth century, Roman landlords were often simply replaced by Gothic or Germanic ones, with little change to the situation. The process of rural self-sufficiency was given an abrupt boost in the 8th century, when normal trade in the Mediterranean Sea was disrupted. Henri Pirenne'si dea disputed by many, supposes that the Arab conquests forced the medieval economy into even greater ruralisation and gave rise to the classic feudal pattern of varying degrees of servile peasantry underpinning a hierarchy of localised power centres. + += = = Badin District = = = +Badin District () is a district in the Sindh province of Pakistan. +Administration. +The district is administratively subdivided into the following talukas: +With the introduction of the devolution System the talukas have been sub-divided into the Union Councils numbering 49, Tapas 109 and Dehs 511. + += = = Dadu District = = = +Dadu () is a district of Sindh Province, Pakistan. The district was created in 1933 during British rule. + += = = Hyderabad District = = = +Hyderābād District (), is a district of Sindh, Pakistan. It used to be an administrative division of Sindh (known as Hyderabad Division) until the year 2000 when divisions were abolished. The capital is the city of Hyderabad. The Kirthar National Park is in Hyderabad district. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan. It had a population of 4,339,445 of which 50.07% were urban, making it the second-most urbanised district of Sindh. + += = = Thatta District = = = +Thatta District (, ) is in the province of Sindh, Pakistan. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan, it had a population of 1,113,194 of which 11.21% were urban. + += = = Karachi District = = = +Karachi District (), () Largest city and chief port of Pakistan, lying on the Arabian Sea, northwest of the Indus River Delta; population (1998 est) 9,269,300; 4 million live in makeshift settlements. It is the capital of Sindh province, and Pakistan's leading centre for commerce, finance, industry, and transport. Its port handles most of the international trade of the country, as well as of the neighbouring landlocked state of Afghanistan. It is also served by a major international airport. Industries include shipbuilding, engineering, chemicals, plastics and textiles, including the manufacture of cotton and jute. It was the capital of Pakistan 1947-59, when it was replaced by Islamabad. + += = = Jacobabad District = = = +Jacobabad District () is a district of Sindh, Pakistan. According to the 1998 census, 1,425,572 people lived there, of which 24.10% were urban. The city of Jacobabad is the capital of the District. +Administration. +The district is administratively subdivided into the following talukas: + += = = Kirby Super Star = = = +Kirby Super Star, known in Europe as Kirby's Fun Pak and in Japan as is a platform video game made by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo for the Super NES game console. +A remake called Kirby Super Star Ultra was released for the Nintendo DS in 2008 and 2009. +Reception. +"Kirby Super Star" was liked by critics and fans. It sold more than one million copies in Japan. A lot of people say that it one of the best "Kirby" games. Someone from "Nintendo Life" played the Virtual Console version. They liked the music in the game and how the game looks. + += = = Larkana District = = = +Larkana or Larkano (, ) is a district of Sindh province of Pakistan. + += = = Mirpur Khas District = = = +Mirpur Khas District () is one of the districts in the province of Sindh, Pakistan. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan, it had a population of 1,569,030 of which 18.60% + += = = Sanghar District = = = +Sanghar District () is one of the largest districts of Sindh province, Pakistan. + += = = Tharparkar District = = = +Tharparkar (, ) district is in Sindh, Pakistan. + += = = Umerkot District = = = +Umerkot or Umarkot () is a district of Sindh province, Pakistan. + += = = Ghotki District = = = +Ghotki District (, ) is a district of Sindh Province, Pakistan. +Administration. +The district is administratively subdivided into the following talukas: + += = = Khairpur District = = = +Khairpur District () is a district in the Sindh province of Pakistan. The district has an area of 15,910 square kilometres and is headquartered at the city of Khairpur. +Administration. +The district has eight Talukas (counties): + += = = Masahiro Sakurai = = = +, (born August 3, 1970) is a video game designer who worked at HAL Laboratory from 1991 to 2003. Sakurai is the creator of game franchises, "Kirby" and "Super Smash Bros." He founded Sora Ltd in 2005. + += = = Naushahro Feroze District = = = +Naushahro Feroze District () is a district in the province of Sindh, Pakistan. + += = = Nawabshah District = = = +Nawabshah District () (or Nawab Shah) is one of the districts in the province of Sindh, Pakistan, named after Syed Nawab Shah. The Syed family is a political power in local politics. The city's airport has one of the largest runways in Pakistan. The climate is dry and hot but sometimes falls to 0 degrees Celsius in winter. + += = = Shikarpur District = = = +Shikarpur district () is a district in the Sindh province of Pakistan. The city of Shikarpur is the capital. +Political Divisions. +Shikarpur has 4 tehsils, as listed below: + += = = Sukkur District = = = +Sukkur district () ("talqa") in Sindh Province in Pakistan is divided into 5 administrative areas ("tehsils"), namely; Sukkur City, New Sukkur Tehsil, Rohri Tehsil, Saleh Pat Tehsil and Pano Akil Tehsil. Among them Sukkur city and new Sukkur are urban centre while Pano Akil is famous for having one of largest military cantonment of the country. Rohri is the smallest tehsil of the Sukkur district, both in area and population but is has one of ancient and important railway junction. + += = = Qambar District = = = +The official name of Qambar District is Qamber-Shahdad Kot District (). This name was chosen by much conflict between the people of Qambar Ali Khan City and Shahdad Kot City in the days of Chief Minister of Sindh Arbab Ghulam Rahim in 2004. This district of Sindh province, Pakistan was originally part of Larkana District, which was later divided into two districts. At first its name was Shahdad Kot District but after much protests by Qambar City it was renamed to Qambar Shahdad Kot District. + += = = Kashmore District = = = +Kashmor District () is a district in the Sindh province of Pakistan, the city of Kashmore is the capital. Because of its location and its roads connecting borders with 3 provinces Kashmore has a unique identity. Kashmore has always been a hub of trade for its agricultural produce. +Administration. +Kashmore District is administratively subdivided into 3 taulukas: + += = = Matiari District = = = +Matiari District () is in Sindh, Pakistan. The city of Matiari is the capital. The district is administratively subdivided into three talukhas: + += = = Jamshoro District = = = +Jamshoro District (, ) is a district of Sindh province, Pakistan. Jamshoro is the capital of Jamshoro District. +Administration. +The district is administratively subdivided into the following talukas: + += = = Tando Muhammad Khan District = = = +Tando Muhammad Khan () is one of the districts in the province of Sindh province, Pakistan. + += = = Tando Allahyar District = = = +Tando Allah Yar District (, ) is a district of Sindh province, Pakistan, the city of Tando Allahyar is the capital. +The district is divided into two talukas these are: + += = = Keyshia Cole = = = +Keyshia Miesha Cole (born October 15, 1981) is an R&B singer-songwriter known for her soulful voice. She released her platinum selling debut album "The Way It Is" in 2005, and her second album "Just like You" in 2007. She is currently in the process of making a third album entitled "A Different Me" coming out in December 2008. + += = = Western Collegiate Hockey Association = = = +The Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) is a group of colleges and universities in the Midwestern United States that play NCAA Division I women's ice hockey against one another every season. The champion is automatically invited to the NCAA Division I women's hockey tournament. When the WCHA ran a men's league, the men's champion was also automatically invited to the Division I men's tournament. +Founded in 1951 as a men's hockey league, the WCHA added a women's division in the 1999–2000 season. The league would expand far beyond its traditional Midwestern base, adding teams in Alabama, Alaska, Colorado, and Indiana at different times. The WCHA shut down its men's division after the 2020–21 season when seven of its 10 members left to start a new Central Collegiate Hockey Association. +Today, eight schools are members of the now women-only WCHA. +Former members. +Final men's members. +Ten schools were members of the WCHA men's league in its final season. + += = = Atlantic Hockey = = = +This is a list of colleges and universities who play hockey in Atlantic Hockey: +UConn will leave the conference in July 2014 to join Hockey East. Its women's hockey team is already a member of that conference. + += = = Central Collegiate Hockey Association = = = +The Central Collegiate Hockey Association (CCHA) is the name of two groups of colleges and universities, mostly in the Midwestern United States, that have organized for NCAA Division I hockey against one another every season. The first CCHA, formed in 1971, folded after the 2012–13 season. In February 2020, seven schools within the original CCHA's Midwestern footprint announced they would start play in a new CCHA in the 2021–22 season. Two other Midwestern schools joined the new CCHA, one in July 2020 and the other in July 2023. +Original league. +The first version of the CCHA was launched in 1971 by four schools—Bowling Green, Ohio, Ohio State, and Saint Louis. They would add Lake Superior State a year later, but lost the two Ohio schools in 1973. The CCHA recovered from this early blow in 1975 when Ohio State returned and Western Michigan joined for the first time. Saint Louis would stop playing hockey in 1979, but the Billikens were immediately replaced by Ferris State. In the last years of the decade, the CCHA became viewed as a major conference, and by 1980 Northern Michigan, which had joined in 1977, reached the championship game of the NCAA tournament. Later that year, another Ohio school, Miami, joined. +1980s. +In 1981, the CCHA attracted four schools from the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA)—Michigan, Michigan State, Michigan Technological University, and Notre Dame. While Notre Dame shut down its men's hockey team in 1983, and Michigan Tech left the following year to return to the WCHA, the other two schools remained in the CCHA until the original league folded. UIC joined in 1982. The CCHA continued to gain respect, with Bowling Green becoming the CCHA's first NCAA champion in 1984. +1990s. +The league stayed mostly stable through the 1990s. In 1992, Kent State joined, and Notre Dame brought back its hockey program and rejoined. While Kent State folded its hockey team two years later, and UIC did the same in 1996, the CCHA added three more members in that decade. Alaska joined in 1995, Northern Michigan returned the same year, and Nebraska–Omaha (now known for sports as simply "Omaha") joined in 1999. From that point, the league lost only one member (Nebraska–Omaha to the WCHA in 2010) before its demise. +Disestablishment. +The trigger for the end of the original CCHA was a large donation by energy billionaire Terry Pegula to his alma mater of Pennsylvania State University (Penn State). This donation funded the startup expenses for varsity men's and women's hockey teams at the university, plus a new arena for both teams. Once Penn State's teams took the ice in 2012–13, it gave the Big Ten Conference the six schools it needed to begin sponsoring men's ice hockey. Among these six were three of the CCHA's most important members in Michigan, Michigan State, and Ohio State. The Big Ten announced in 2011 that it would start a men's hockey league in 2013–14, and the three Big Ten members announced they would leave the CCHA at that time. +Soon after the Big Ten announcement, a group of six schools—five from the WCHA plus CCHA member Miami (Ohio)—formed the National Collegiate Hockey Conference (NCHC), which began play in 2013–14. Within a few months, all of the other CCHA schools said they would also leave, with Western Michigan joining the NCHC, Notre Dame joining Hockey East, and the rest joining the WCHA. +Throughout its history, the original CCHA only sponsored men's ice hockey—only one of its 11 final members had a varsity women's hockey team, namely Ohio State. The champion was automatically invited to the NCAA Division I men's hockey tournament. +2012-13 CCHA members. +The CCHA members in its final season of 2012–13 were: +New CCHA. +In June 2019, seven of the 10 men's members of the WCHA, all Midwestern schools, announced that they would leave that league at the end of the 2020–21 season. By this time, the men's WCHA featured these schools, plus Alabama–Huntsville, Alaska, and Alaska–Anchorage. Their announcement stated that they were considering forming a new, more geographically compact league. On February 18, 2020 these seven schools announced they would begin competing in a new CCHA in 2021–22. +On July 30, 2020, St. Thomas, a Twin Cities school that would eventually start a move from NCAA Division III to Division I in July 2021 by joining the Summit League (which does not sponsor hockey), was announced as the eighth member of the new CCHA. +In May 2022, Augustana University of South Dakota (not to be confused with Augustana College in Illinois) was announced as the CCHA's ninth member. Augustana joined in July 2023, the same time it started its varsity hockey team, and is playing partial CCHA seasons in 2023–24 and 2024–25 before starting full conference play in 2025–26. + += = = College Hockey America = = = +College Hockey America (CHA) is a group of American colleges and universities who play NCAA Division I women's ice hockey against one another every season. It was founded in 1999 as a men's hockey conference, with women's teams joining in 2002. The men's side of CHA folded after the 2009–10 season. As of the current 2013–14 season, CHA has six members, which is the minimum needed to earn an automatic place in the NCAA women's tournament. However, because three of these schools only joined in July 2012, CHA will not get an automatic tournament place until at least the 2014–15 season. +CHA has close ties with Atlantic Hockey, a men's hockey-only conference. Although the conferences do not share offices, they have the same commissioner, and three current CHA members are also in Atlantic Hockey. +Current members. +Of the current members, Mercyhurst, RIT, and Robert Morris have varsity men's teams in Atlantic Hockey. Penn State has a men's varsity team that plays in the school's all-sports conference, the Big Ten. Syracuse has a men's team, but it plays at club level, outside the NCAA structure. + += = = ECAC Hockey = = = +ECAC Hockey is a group of colleges and universities in the Northeastern United States who play NCAA Division I hockey against one another every season.. It is the only NCAA Division I hockey conference whose members all have varsity men's and women's teams. The league's champions are automatically invited to the NCAA Division I men's and women's hockey tournaments. +Another unique feature of the conference is its unofficial relationship with another conference, the Ivy League. Six of the Ivy league's eight schools have both men's and women's hockey teams; all six are members of ECAC Hockey. Although the Ivy League does not officially sponsor hockey, it still has a conference hockey champion—it uses the results of its members in ECAC Hockey to determine a winner. +During the major hockey conference realignment of 2011 and 2012 triggered by the decision of the Big Ten Conference to start a men's hockey league in 2013, the ECAC was the only Division I men's hockey conference that neither gained nor lost a member. +Current members are: + += = = Hockey East = = = +Hockey East is a group of American colleges and universities who play NCAA Division I hockey against one another every season. Before the Notre Dame men's hockey team (in Indiana) joined in 2013, all of the members were in New England. The champions are automatically invited to the NCAA Division I men's and women's hockey tournaments. +In all, 12 schools are members of Hockey East. Seven of these have men's and women's teams that both play in the conference. Four do not have a women's team playing at the NCAA level, although one of these four will move its women's club team to the NCAA level in 2015. One school has its women's team only in Hockey East, with its men's team in another conference. +The current members are listed below. Unless otherwise noted, these schools have both men's and women's teams in the conference. +In July 2014, Connecticut, now a member only for women's hockey, will move its men's team into Hockey East. One year later, Merrimack, a member in men's hockey only, will upgrade its women's team from club to full varsity status and move that team into the conference. + += = = Mezquita de Córdoba = = = +The Mezquita (Spanish for "mosque") of Cordoba is a Roman Catholic cathedral. It used to be a mosque in the Andalusian city of Córdoba, Spain. At first the site had been used for a temple, then a Christian cathedral. Under the rule of Islam, it was built as the second-largest mosque in the world. It is perhaps the most accomplished monument of the Umayyad dynasty of Cordoba. It changed into mosque in Middle Ages. After the Spanish Reconquista, it was changed back into a church, and some of the Islamic columns and arcs were replaced by a basilica in early Baroque style. Many early mosques have a square or rectangular plan. They also have a prayer hall and an enclosed courtyard. This is known as Arab-plan. The first mosques of this type were built during the Umayyad Dynasty. +In the warm Mediterranean and Middle Eastern climates, the courtyard served to hold the large number of worshippers during Friday prayers. Often, hypostyle mosques have outer arcades. They allow the visitors to enjoy the shade. Arab-plan mosques were built mostly during the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. The Arab plan was very simple, which did not allow for much further development. This caused that style of mosque to fall out of favour. The flat roof of the prayer hall was supported by columns. Many rows of columns were needed to support such roofs;. this is called "hypostyle architecture". Today it houses the main church of the diocese of Cordoba in Spain. One of the most famous hypostyle mosques, it is supported by over 850 columns. + += = = Abyss (wrestler) = = = +Christopher Joseph Park (born October 4, 1973) is an American retired professional wrestler. He is signed to WWE as a producer and on-screen personality. Park is best known for his time with Impact Wrestling under the ring name Abyss. He has won the NWA World Heavyweight Championship one time. He is the heaviest wrestler to win the X Division Championship. Parks w also and was the Television Champion for the longest time. In the tag team division, he was the NWA World Tag Team Champion once with A.J. Styles. He was the TNA World Tag Team Champion two times, once with James Storm as The Revolution, and once with Crazzy Steve as Decay. +Park was the fourth man to be a Triple Crown Champion. He was the second Grand Slam Champion. He was a member of the Impact Wrestling roster for longer than anyone else. He was with the company from 2002 to 2019. In 2018, he was added to the Impact Hall of Fame by his longtime manager, James Mitchell. +Career. +Ring of Honor (2004 - 2006). +Abyss first appeared in Ring of Honor (ROH) in 2004. He was a bodyguard in the stable Special K. Abyss appeared only once because TNA pulled all of their wrestlers from ROH. +Abyss returned in the summer of 2005. This time, he was a member of Prince Nana's stable, The Embassy. They were fighting with Generation Next. This lasted for the rest of 2005. There were several matches and fights between both teams. The feud ended in a Steel Cage Warfare match at December's "Steel Cage Warfare". In the match, Abyss teamed with Alex Shelley, Jimmy Rave and Prince Nana to take on Austin Aries, Roderick Strong, Jack Evans and Matt Sydal. Abyss was eliminated by Jack Evans. Generation Next won the match and the feud. +In January 2006, Abyss teamed with Embassy members Jimmy Rave and Alex Shelley to wrestle in the Trios Tournament. They won the tournament. This meant that all three of its winning members had won a chance to wrestle for the World Championship. Abyss left ROH before this happened. +Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2003 - 2019). +Parks was on TNA's first show using the ring name "Justice". He took part in a gauntlet match for the new NWA World Heavyweight Championship. He did not win the match. Parks returned to TNA as "The Monster Abyss" in June 2003. He started by attacking Jeff Hardy. His feud with Hardy did not last long. Hardy had been suspended before their their first match. Parks was used as a bodyguard to Kid Kash. He was an ally to Kash until October, when Kash yelled at Abyss for losing a match. This caused Abyss to attack Kash. Abyss won a match against Kash, but then lost a First Blood Steel Chair on a Pole match to him. The feud between the two ended soon after the match. +In 2004, Abyss had his first major feud with A.J. Styles. On one show, Abyss was forced to team with Styles in a NWA World Tag Team Championship match. Abyss left Styles near the beginning of the match but they still won. Abyss defeated Styles on the next show. On the show after that, he got control of the titles by winning a Four Corners Tables match against Styles. Later, the titles were taken away from Abyss. On the next show, they wrestled in a Falls Count Anywhere match. Neither of them won the match. The next show had Abyss win against Styles in a Ladder match to become the top contender to the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. Abyss lost the right to Raven in a match that also involved Styles and Ron Killings. +About a month later, Abyss got a new manager, Goldy Locks. She used Abyss to win the contract of her ex-boyfriend Erik Watts. She kept using Abyss to win contracts for her. She also added Alex Shelley to her group to help them win the title. Goldy Locks treated Shelley very good but treated Abyss poorly. Watts returned for revenge. Abyss, Shelley, and Goldy Locks wrestled against Watts, Sonny Siaki and Desire. During the match, Abyss turned on his team. He attacked Goldy Locks and left match and her. +Not long after separating from Goldy Locks, Abyss began to feud with Monty Brown and Raven. This led to the first ever Monster's Ball match at TNA's first monthly pay per view, Victory Road. At Victory Road, Brown won the match when he pinned Raven. Abyss and Brown continued to feud in a match at Turning Point. Brown won the match. + += = = American Lacrosse Conference = = = +The American Lacrosse Conference (ALC) was a group of colleges and universities in the eastern half of the United States that played NCAA Division I women's lacrosse against one another each season. Women's lacrosse was the only sport that this conference ever played—all members were (and still are) in other conferences for other sports. The conference champion earned a spot in the NCAA Division I women's lacrosse tournament. +The ALC was founded in 2001 by seven schools, with play starting in 2002. Nine schools were members at one time or another, but no more than seven played in any season. The conference folded after the 2014 season, mainly because the Big Ten Conference, home to four of the ALC's final seven members, planned to start a women's lacrosse league in the 2015 season. +Members. +Nine schools were members of the ALC during its history. +Note that because NCAA women's lacrosse is a spring sport, the year of joining is the year before the first season of play. + += = = Dante Gabriel Rossetti = = = +Dante Gabriel Rossetti (12 May 1828 – 9 April 1882) was an English poet, illustrator, painter and translator. His sister was the poet Christina Rossetti. He was a leading light of the Pre-Raphaelite brotherhood. + += = = Mediterranean Ridge = = = +The Mediterranean Ridge is a wide ridge in the floor of the Mediterranean Sea. It is next to a rough quarter circle from Calabria, south of Crete, to the southwest corner of Turkey, and from there eastwards south of Turkey, with Cyprus. +From what tectonic theory says, it is caused by the African Plate subducting under the Eurasian and Anatolian plates. As the African Plate moves slowly north-northeastward, it plows up the floor of the Mediterranean, lifting it from the seabed, and then above sea level, making the island of Cyprus. +If the northward movement of Africa continues, the Ridge might grow into a long and high mountain range and destroy the Mediterranean Sea. + += = = Kirby's Adventure = = = +Kirby's Adventure, called Hoshi no Kabi: Yume no Izumi no Monogatari "Kirby of the Stars: The Story of the Fountain of Dreams" in Japan, is a platform video game made by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System game console. It was remade for the Game Boy Advance as "". +Plot. +After waking up without dreams, Kirby goes to the Fountain of Dreams to investigate. In doing so, he learns that King Dedede has stole the Star Rod, by splitting it into seven pieces and giving six fragments to his allies and keeping one himself. Without the Star Rod, all of the inhabitants of Dream Land became restless and cannot dream. Kirby retrieves all fragments, in order to restore the rod and the dreams. +Kirby travels throughout seven worlds, defeating most enemies in order to collect the fragments. Once Kirby defeats King Dedede and rebuilds the Star Rod, he places it back into the Fountain of Dreams. However, an ominous black aura fills the skies as a dark creature named Nightmare emerges from the fountain. It turns out that Nightmare had corrupted the Star Rod, and King Dedede broke it with the intention of protecting Dream Land. Nightmare then flies off into space, and King Dedede inhales Kirby and the Star Rod and spits them into the air. Kirby uses the Star Rod to defeat both forms of Nightmare, and saves Dream Land once again. +Gameplay. +The player can get to the end of each level by walking, jumping and flying. Each level has enemies and things that get in the way, but sometimes these things also help Kirby. If Kirby touches an enemy, he loses a health point (he has six). Sometimes Kirby defeats mini-boss, before heading farther. Unlike the first "Kirby" game, it saves the game after each level. Players can go back to any level in the world that they have played by going through doors. There are seven worlds, and each world has between four and six levels, as well as a boss door and a Warp Star door. (Players can visit other worlds using Warp Stars). Except for World 7, each world also has one or more mini-games, a place to pick up powers, and an arena where Kirby fights a mini-boss. +Kirby can walk, jump, fly and inhale. Kirby can go as high as he wants as long as nothing blocks him, and he can fall back to the ground by exhaling. The puff of air can hurt enemies and break blocks. +Kirby can also inhale enemies and other things. He eats any food that he inhales, but enemies and other things remain in his mouth. He can either spit them back out and send them flying (hurting or destroying anything in their path), or he can swallow them. He also has a sliding move where he can kick enemies and blocks. When Kirby swallows an enemy, he "copies" that enemy's power. It is the first game in the series to do this, and Kirby has a lot of powers he can use. Once he has a special power, he can use it to fight enemies and solve puzzles. One example of a puzzle is where Kirby uses the Fire ability to light a cannon. +Music. +An official soundtrack was released on July 21, 1994. The vocalist was Mako Miyata. +Remakes. +In 2002, a remake titled Kirby: Nightmare in Dream Land was released for the Game Boy Advance. The new version has, in addition to new visuals and sound, different minigames, a multiplayer mode, and other new features. However, it also had some criticism for the omission of certain materials that pushed the NES to the limit, and replaced by what is often considered lazy for the Game Boy Advance. For instance, the rotating pseudo-3D towers in Butter Building were removed. In addition, the difficulty is significantly lower. A demo of the game is available in "Super Smash Bros. Brawl". In 2011, a re-release of "Kirby's Adventure" named "3D Classics: Kirby's Adventure" was released for the Nintendo 3DS. It is a 3D version of the game. + += = = Freshly-Picked Tingle's Rosy Rupeeland = = = + is an action role-playing video game made by Vanpool for the Nintendo DS game console. It is the first game starring Tingle and the first "The Legend of Zelda" spin-off. + += = = Link's Crossbow Training = = = +Link's Crossbow Training is a shooter video game made by Nintendo for the Wii game console. It is a spin-off video game in "The Legend of Zelda" series. It uses the Wii Zapper, which is included with the game. + += = = Princess Zelda = = = + is a character in "The Legend of Zelda" video games. She often gets captured by Ganon and has to be saved by Link. +Other forms. +Sheik. +Princess Zelda becomes Sheik in "" seven years in the future to hide from Ganondorf. Princess Zelda's disguise is a ninja-like person, and one of the last members of the Sheikan race, a race of people in "The Legend of Zelda" series. She never fights as Sheik, only helping Link out a lot. Sheik appears in "Super Smash Bros. Melee" and "Brawl" as a character that Zelda can turn into. Sheik appears as a separate character from Zelda in "Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U". +Tetra. +Tetra is a female pirate in ' and '. She joins with Link to get to the Forsaken Fortress to save his sister, Aryll. Tetra does not know who she really is, and later finds out that she is Princess Zelda. After "The Wind Waker", she still goes by Tetra and is still a pirate. + += = = Free Bird = = = +"Free Bird" is a rock anthem by the American rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd. + += = = Ganon = = = +, also known as is a character in "The Legend of Zelda" video games. He is the most common villain of the series, and often kidnaps Princess Zelda and battles with Link. He has been revived from the dead several times, and has two forms - Ganondorf, his humanoid form, and Ganon, his pig form. +Ganon also appears in the "Super Smash Bros." series as a playable character. He first appeared as an unlockable character in "Super Smash Bros. Melee" and returned in both "Super Smash Bros. Brawl" and "Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U". His design in "Brawl" and the "3DS and Wii U" versions are based on his "" design. +In 2013, he was ranked #1 on GamesRadar's list of 100 best villains in video games. + += = = Tingle = = = +Tingle, known as is a character in "The Legend of Zelda" video games. He first appeared in "". He has his own series, starting with "Freshly-Picked Tingle's Rosy Rupeeland". + += = = Born again (Christianity) = = = +In Christianity, the words born again, regenerated or transformed are synonymous with spiritual rebirth and sometimes salvation from the Holy Spirit. It means having a "personal" faith in Jesus Christ. The term is most often used by Evangelical, Fundamentalists, Pentecostal and some Mainline branches of Protestant Christianity. +The term came to be in the New Testament, where: "Jesus replied, “Very truly I tell you, no one can see the kingdom of God unless they are born again." + += = = Kirby's Dream Land 3 = = = +Kirby's Dream Land 3, known in Japan as , is a platform video game made by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo for the Super NES game console. + += = = Australian Bureau of Statistics = = = +The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) is Australia's national census and statistical office. It was first called the Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, and began on December 8 1905. The Australian Constitution gave the government the power to collect census and statistical information. Since 1975, the person in charge of the ABS has been called the Australian Statistician. +The job of the ABS is to help the Australian government make the right decisions based on the right information. The ABS holds a census every 5 years and collects information about every person in Australia. The last census was held on August 8 2006. Results from the 2006 Census are available on the ABS web site. +Year Book Australia. +Every year the ABS makes a book for Australia, called the "Year Book Australia". It provides details of the economy and living conditions in Australia. +It also has details about Australia’s geography and climate, government, international relations, defense, education, and the health and welfare systems. +In April 2008, the ABS said it did not have enough money to prepare the 2009 Year Book + += = = Record chart = = = +A record chart (sometimes called a music chart) is a way of giving music a rank. The rank comes from the popularity of the music. The "Billboard" Hot 100 is a popular chart. The information on charts comes from some different sources, like the number of objects sold, the number of times a song was played on radio, the number of times a song or album was downloaded, and other criteria. Charts are sometimes made for a special genre, for example "Top 10 Rock Songs". + += = = Getica = = = +Getica (original title: De origine actibusque Getarum, about the origins and deeds of the Getae (the Goths)) is the main work of Jordanes. It was written in 551. He made a summary of a larger work by Cassiodoriius called "Libri XII De Rebus Gestis Gothorum" ("Twelve books about the things the Goths did", commonly known as "Libri XII"). As the "Libri XII" have not survived, his work is the only surviving account that was written when there were still Goths. +According to the "Getica", the Goths immigrated form Scandinavia and settled around what is the city Danzig today. This has been identified with the Wielbark culture. + += = = Ned Kelly = = = +Edward "Ned" Kelly (3 June 1855 – 11 November 1880) was an Australian bushranger. He has become a symbolic figure in Australian history, folklore, books, art and movies. As a national icon, his image was used during the opening ceremony of the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He is remembered in the saying "... as game as Ned Kelly"; the word "game" in this case meaning "brave". +While he was growing up, his family was often in trouble with the police. After fighting a policeman at his home in 1878, Kelly went to the bush to hide. He murdered three policemen who were searching for him. The government made Ned, his brother, and two friends outlaws. They became known as the Kelly Gang. Ned Kelly led the gang to rob a number of banks, and even capture a whole town. A final violent fight with police took place at Glenrowan. Kelly, dressed in home-made metal armour and helmet, was captured and sent to trial. Found guilty, he was hanged at the Melbourne Gaol in 1880. +A painting of Kelly by Australian artist Sidney Nolan was sold in 2010 for AU$5.4 million, the highest price ever paid for an Australian painting. +Early life. +Beveridge. +Edward 'Ned' Kelly was born in Canadia, north of Melbourne, in June 1855. The actual date is not known because the birth was not registered on the government list of births, deaths and marriages in Victoria. His prison records give the date as 1856. He was the son of Irish Catholic parents, John "Red" Kelly and Ellen Quinn. Red Kelly had been a convict who had been sent to Van Diemen's Land in 1842 for stealing two pigs. He moved to Victoria in 1848. He met Ellen Quinn, who had come to Victoria from Ireland with her family in 1841. Red started working for Ellen's father, James Quinn, who was a farmer at Beveridge. Ned was probably born at his grandfather's house. Around 1860, Red built a small house for his family, which is still standing in Kelly Street. +Avenel. +When Ned was about nine, his father moved the family north to a new farm at Avenel. Ned saved a young boy, Richard Shelton, from drowning in Hughes Creek. The Shelton family, who owned the Royal Mail Hotel, gave Ned a sash made from green silk for his bravery. The sash was long and wide. He was wearing this sash under his armour when he was captured at Glenrowan. The sash, still covered in Ned Kelly's blood, is now kept in the Benalla Museum. Red was not a successful farmer and was soon arrested for stealing cattle. In May 1866, he was given one month in prison and had to pay a fine of £25. Red died on 27 December 1866, and is buried in the Avenel Cemetery. +Greta. +Ellen Kelly moved the family to Greta. There were other members of Ellen's family living in the area. Her father, James Quinn, had moved from Beveridge to a large farm, called Glenmore, on the King River in north east Victoria. Her sisters, Catherine and Jane, and their ten children, were farming at Greta. Their husbands, brothers John and Thomas Lloyd, were in prison for stealing cattle. When Ellen came to Greta, her brothers, James, William and John Quinn, moved from Glenmore to help the sisters and their families. Some of the Quinn family had also been sent to prison for cattle stealing. James, Ellen's brother, had been charged ten times for cattle stealing. In 1868, Red Kelly's brother, James Kelly, came to visit Ellen. He got drunk and after an argument with the sisters, tried to burn their house down. He was given the death penalty, but this was later changed to 15 years in prison. The police thought the whole family were trouble makers and criminal. +Ellen Kelly and her children moved to a farm on the Eleven Mile Creek, between Greta and Glenrowan. Ned Kelly started work cutting down trees, breaking in horses, herding cattle and putting up fences. +Gaol. +On 14 October 1869, 14-year-old Ned was arrested for stealing money from a Chinese man. Kelly spent ten days in the police station lockup but there was not enough proof to send Ned to court and he had to be set free. Ned also worked in the bush with ex-convict Harry Power. +Power had escaped from a Melbourne Gaol and started bushranging. Kelly was arrested in May 1870 for helping Power to rob people. He was kept in the gaol at Kyneton for seven weeks. Soon after this, Ned was in trouble again. With his uncle, Jack Lloyd, Ned had got into a fight with a hawker (a traveling salesman). They then sent a rude letter and some calf's testicles to the hawker's wife. In October 1870 he was sent to Beechworth gaol for assault and for being rude to a lady. He spent five months in Gaol. +Just three weeks after getting out of Gaol in April 1871, 16-year-old Ned was arrested again. He had ridden a friend's horse into Greta. He did not know that his friend, Isaiah "Wild Wright", had stolen the horse from the Mansfield post office. There was a fight when a policeman, Constable Hall, tried to arrest him. Hall tried to shoot Kelly three times, but his gun would not work so he hit him over the head with it instead. Kelly was sent to Pentridge Gaol in Melbourne. After four months he was moved to the prison ship, "Sacramento", at Williamstown. Prison ships were old ships that were used as extra prison space. Prisoners from the "Sacremento" worked during the day building a sea wall at Williamstown beach. They also worked on building a fort for the guns that were protecting Port Phillip Bay. Kelly was released from prison on 2 February 1874. +In August, Kelly met his friend "Wild Wright" in Beechworth. He must have been angry with Wright because of the stolen horse which had put him in prison. Behind the Imperial Hotel, they fought a bare knuckle boxing match that lasted for 20 rounds. Wright said later that "...he gave me the hiding of my life." In September 1877, Kelly was arrested in Benalla, for being drunk, riding on a footpath and resisting arrest. Kelly escaped from the police while they were taking him to the courthouse. After a fight with the police, he ran across the road into a boot shop and locked the door. Kelly gave himself up when the judge came over to the shop. One of the policemen involved in the fight to arrest Kelly was Thomas Lonigan. Lonigan was later shot dead by Kelly at Stringybark Creek. +The Fitzpatrick Incident. +Constable Fitzpatrick was in charge of the small police station in Greta. Because of the Kelly family's long history of criminal activity, Police Superintendent C. H. Nicholson had given orders that the police were not to go to the Kelly's house alone. But Fitzpatrick decided he would 'fix the Greta mob'. In April 1878, he went to the house to arrest Ned's brother, Dan Kelly for horse stealing. Dan had only been recently let out of prison. Fitzpatrick was probably drunk, as he had stopped at the Winton hotel to drink brandy. Dan Kelly refused to go back to the police station with Fitzpatrick, because the policeman did not have a warrant, the official document needed to make an arrest. Fitzpatrick then tried to make Kate, Ned's 15-year-old sister, sit on his knee so he could kiss her. This started a fight with members of the family and Fitzpatrick hurt his wrist. He and Ellen, Kate's mother, agreed to forget what had happened. But when Fitzpatrick went back to the Benalla police station he said Ned had shot at him three times and Ellen Kelly had hit him on the head with a shovel. Fitzpatrick lost his job with the police in 1881 after the head of the police force said he was a "liar". +A group of police led by Sergeant Steele went back to Greta, and arrested Ellen Kelly (with her baby Alice King), her son-in-law William Skillion, and a neighbour, William "Bricky" Williamson, for the attempted murder of Constable Fitzpatrick. Ned and Dan Kelly were not at the house and could not be arrested. Ellen Kelly said that Ned was not involved, and that he was working away. After a trial in Beechworth, Ellen Kelly was sentenced by Judge Redmond Barry to three years in prison for trying to kill Constable Fitzpatrick. Skillion and Williamson were given six years in prison. The police offered a reward of £100 for the capture of the Kelly brothers. In 1881 Williamson was let out of prison and given a full pardon because the government knew that he was innocent. +The Kelly Gang. +Stringybark Creek. +Ned and Dan Kelly went into hiding in the bush. They were later joined by two friends, Joe Byrne and Steve Hart. On 25 October 1878, two groups of police set out to find the Kellys. They knew the two brothers were hiding in the Wombat Ranges, a mountain range between Greta and Mansfield. One group started south from Greta led by Senior Constable Strahan. Strahan said he would shoot the Kellys down like dogs. A second group led by Sergeant Michael Kennedy set off from Mansfield heading north. Three other policemen were with him: Constables Thomas McIntyre, Thomas Lonigan, and Michael Scanlon. They set up a camp at Stringybark Creek in a thick forest area. +Kennedy and Scanlon went searching for the Kellys, while Lonigan and McIntyre remained at the camp. The Kellys were living in a hut nearby at Bullock Creek. They heard noises and discovered the police camp. They decided to capture the policemen and take their guns and horses. Ned and Dan went to the police camp and told them to surrender. Constable McIntyre put his arms up, but Lonigan got out his gun. Ned Kelly shot him dead. When the other two police returned to camp, McIntyre told them to surrender. When Scanlon went for his gun Kelly also shot him dead. Kennedy ran shooting from tree to tree with Kelly chasing him. Kelly shot him twice, in the armpit and in the chest. Kelly later said that Kennedy "...appeared to be suffering very much and in great agony...I did not wish to leave him alone to linger out in such pain.". Ned put his gun against Kennedy's chest and shot him again. Ned Kelly went back to the camp to get Kennedy's cloak which he then placed over the body. McIntyre escaped during the confusion and went back to Mansfield to tell everyone what had happened. +The Victorian government passed a law on 30 October 1878, to make the Kelly gang outlaws. This meant they no longer had any legal rights and could be shot by anyone. Anyone who could capture any member of the gang, alive or dead, would be paid a reward of £500, or £2,000 for all four men. At this time the police did not know that Hart and Byrne were members of the gang. The gang were seen at several places around north east Victoria. They tried to cross the Murray River to go into New South Wales, but the water was too deep. The police had several large groups hunting for them. +Euroa. +On 10 December 1878, the gang robbed the Australian National Bank at Euroa. They had stopped at Faithful Creek station (a farm) and held the people there prisoners. They locked 22 people including farm workers, hawkers (traveling salesmen) and visitors into a storeroom. Joe Byrne kept guard while the rest of the gang went into Euroa. They went to the bank and said they had a message from McCauley, the farm manager. They got into the bank and held up the bank's manager Robert Scott, along with two tellers (bank workers). After taking all the money, the gang forced Scott, his wife, family, maids and tellers to go with them back to Faithful Creek. They were locked up with the other hostages. +The outlaws gave a display of horse riding and tricks which entertained and surprised their hostages. After having supper, and telling the people not to leave the farm for another three hours, the gang left. The crime was carried out without injury and the gang stole £2,000. +Jerilderie. +The police increased the reward on the Kelly Gang. More police were sent to guard banks in the country. Friends of the Kellys were locked in gaol. The gang crossed the Murray River and rode north into New South Wales. They arrived in Jerilderie on Saturday 8 February 1879. They broke into the local police station and locked the two policemen, Richards and Devine, in the police cells. The outlaws put on police uniforms and mixed with the local people. They said that they were extra police from Sydney, who had come to guard the town from the Kelly gang. Ned Kelly took his horse to the blacksmith to get new horseshoes and told the man to send the bill to the New South Wales police force. On Monday the gang rounded up various people and forced them into the back room of the Royal Mail Hotel. While Dan Kelly and Steve Hart kept the hostages busy with "drinks on the house" (free drinks), Ned Kelly and Joe Byrne went to the telegraph office and cut down some of the poles and cut the wires. They then went and robbed the local bank of about £2,414. Kelly also burned all the townspeople's mortgage deeds in the bank. When the gang left the town they were singing about two earlier bushrangers, Ben Hall and Dan Morgan: "Hurrah for the good old times of Morgan and Ben Hall." +For the next 18 months the police were not able to find the Kelly gang. They punished anyone they thought might be helping the gang. More than 20 people were locked up in the Beechworth Prison for three months only because they were said to be friends of the gang. None of these people were ever charged with a crime. The government thought the Kelly gang might try and free their friends, so they put up large iron gates on the entrance to the prison. +The Jerilderie Letter. +Months before going to Jerilderie, and with help from Joe Byrne, Ned Kelly dictated a long letter (56 pages). The letter told his story, about how he became a bushranger, and the treatment of his family by the police. It also told the story of the treatment of Irish Catholics by the police and the English and Irish Protestant farmers. He even said there might be a revolution by people in north east Victoria to set up their own republic. +The "", as it is called, is a document of about 8,300 words and has become a famous piece of Australian literature. Kelly had written an earlier letter on 14 December 1878, to Donald Cameron, a member of the Parliament of Victoria, but it had been ignored. The Jerilderie Letter was never published. Kelly tried to find the editor of the local newspaper and get him to print the letter. He finally gave the letter to Edward Living, a teller at the bank. Living kept the letter, which was not re-discovered until 1930. It was then published by the "Melbourne Herald". The handwritten letter was given to the State Library of Victoria in 2000. Kelly's words are colorful, rough and full of metaphors. He said the police were "... big ugly fat-necked wombat headed big bellied magpie legged narrow hipped splay footed sons of Irish bailiffs or English landlords ...". +"Last stand". +Glenrowan. +The gang decided that Aaron Sherritt, Joe Byrne's best friend, was a police spy. On the night of 26 June 1880, Dan Kelly and Joe Byrne went to Sherritt's house in the Woolshed Valley near Beechworth and killed him. The four policemen who were protecting him at the time hid under the bed and did not report the murder until the next day. The outlaws knew that the police would send extra men to Beechworth by train to try and capture them. Ned Kelly and Hart arrived in Glenrowan on 27 June, and took 70 hostages at the Glenrowan Inn (hotel). They knew that a train loaded with police was on its way. They forced railway workers at Glenrowan to pull up the rail tracks to make the train crash. The bushrangers, wearing homemade armour, would then capture any of the policemen that were alive after the crash. With the police out of the way, the Kelly Gang would then go into Benalla and rob the bank. The captured police would be released when Ellen Kelly, William Williamson, and William Skillion, were let out of gaol. +But the plan to derail the police train failed. The police protecting Aaron Sherritt were too scared to leave his hut and the murder was not reported until the next day. The Kellys had to wait 24 hours longer for the police train than they had planned. The hostages were becoming difficult to control. To keep them amused the outlaws held a dance in the hotel, where Kelly danced a quadrille with Jane Jones, daughter of the hotel owner. They also had sporting events including the hop, step and jump. Kelly used two revolvers as extra weights while taking part in the jumping. A local school teacher, Thomas Curnow, talked Ned into letting him take his family home. As soon as he was free Curnow went down to the railway line, waving a lantern (light) wrapped in his red scarf. The train stopped safely. +The 46 police quickly left the train and placed themselves around the hotel so that the Kelly Gang was trapped inside. The gang members put on their armour, made from plough parts. All four had helmets. Each man's armour was quite heavy; Ned's armour weighed , which was about half his body weight. The police fired their guns into the building for seven hours. It is estimated that 15,000 bullets were fired during the shooting. The police ordered a cannon from Melbourne so that they could destroy the inn, but it would take too long to arrive so they set fire to the building instead. +At dawn on Monday 28 June, Ned Kelly came out of the inn wearing his armour. He marched towards the police, firing his gun at them. Their bullets bounced off his armour. Sergeant Steel shot him in his legs that were not protected by armour. Joe Byrne died in the front room from loss of blood because a gunshot cut his femoral artery. Dan Kelly and Steve Hart may have killed themselves as their bodies were found lying side by side in a back room with their heads on blankets. They had taken off their armour and it was found next to them. Several hostages were shot, and three died, including 13-year-old Jack Jones, the son of the hotel owner. Martin Cherry, a railway worker, was rescued from the burning hotel but died soon afterwards. George Metcalfe, a quarry worker, who was forced to pull up the railway line died later from injuries. The police had one small injury; the police Superintendent, Francis Hare, received a wound to his wrist, then fled the battle. The Royal Commission set up to examine the Kelly Gang later removed Hare from the Victoria Police. +Trial and execution. +Ned Kelly was taken to the Melbourne Gaol where he was treated for his wounds. He was visited by his mother who was in the same prison for wounding Constable Fitzpatrick. In August he was taken back to Beechworth by train for the first court hearings. The court agreed that Kelly would be tried in court for the murder of Thomas Lonigan and Michael Scanlon at Stringybark Creek. The government thought people around Beechworth might not find Kelly guilty of the crimes, and so they had the trial moved to Melbourne. At the trial the jury found Kelly guilty of both murders. He was sentenced to death by the Irish-born judge Sir Redmond Barry with the words "May God have mercy on your soul". Kelly said "I will go a little further than that, and say I will see you there when I go". +Many people did not agree with the death sentence. A petition with more than 60,000 names asked the government for mercy. Ned Kelly was hanged on 11 November 1880, at the Melbourne Gaol for murder. Several newspapers including "The Age" and "The Herald" reported Kelly's last words as "Such is life". Sir Redmond Barry died after a short illness on 23 November, 1880, only 12 days after Kelly's death. +Re-burial and recent DNA testing. +Following his death, a death mask of Ned Kelly was made. It required the shaving of his beard to make it. Afterwards, Ned Kelly was buried in an unmarked grave at the Melbourne Gaol, in an area with other criminals who had also been hanged at the gaol. The bones of 32 people were dug up in 1929 when the gaol was being redeveloped, and reburied at Pentridge Gaol in Coburg, Victoria. The burial site at Pentridge was rediscovered in 2008. DNA testing has proved that one set of bones was the skeleton of Ned Kelly. Experts from the Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine said that the DNA clearly matches one of Kelly's living relatives. The bones show some of the injuries Kelly got during the shoot out with the police. The Kelly skeleton does not have a skull. +A skull, said to be Kelly's, was found during the digging at the gaol in 1929. It was put on display at the Old Melbourne Gaol, but it was stolen in 1978. On the anniversary of Ned Kelly's hanging, 11 November 2009, a farmer from Western Australia gave a skull back to Heritage Victoria which he said had been taken from the gaol. It was tested for DNA to see if it was Ned Kelly's skull. These tests showed it was not, and the location of Kelly's skull is still unknown. +In 2013, the Victorian Government finally gave Kelly's remains to his family. A funeral service was held at St. Patrick's Church, Wangaratta on 18 January, 2013. During the service, family members who read from the Bible wore a green silk sash. Relatives of Constable Michael Scanlon and Aaron Sherrit also attended the service. Kelly was buried in an unmarked grave at Greta on 20 January 2013. +The DNA that was recovered from Ned's skeleton was mitochondrial DNA. That was matched with one of Ned's maternal relations (Ned's grand nephew Leigh Olver). No adequate quality Y-DNA was recovered from Ned's bones or has been recovered from any of Ned's known paternal side relatives (Y-DNA is passed from father to son). There is a chance that a Y-DNA sample may be isolated from Ned's bones one day using more advanced laboratory procedures, however, it is also possible that a Y-DNA sample could be taken from the remains of one of Ned's male relatives such as his father, his uncles or his brothers. Their graves are all well known. A Y-DNA sample would reveal exactly which Kelly line Ned belongs to. Currently the Kelly Surname Y-DNA study has the results of over 500 Y-DNA samples but no comparison can be made until a sample from one of Ned's family is obtained. Based on location, the most frequent Kelly line in south-west Ireland (Tipperary, Clare and Kerry) is the O'Brien-Kelly line (L226+). +The Ned Kelly story. +Ned Kelly is still a major part of Australian popular culture. His story has been told in books, movies, plays and television shows. His image has been used for everything from cakes to tattoos. A recent study showed that people with a Ned Kelly tattoo were eight times more likely to be murdered. In 1980, the Australian Post Office released a set of postage stamps to remember the 100th anniversary of the siege at Glenrowan. In 2010 the National Gallery of Victoria paid AU$2.2 million for a painting of Ned Kelly by artist Sidney Nolan. It was Nolan's paintings of Ned Kelly that inspired the opening ceremony of the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. In June 2011 the Williamstown Australian Rules Football Club claimed that Ned Kelly had played 11 games for the club in 1873 while serving time in the prison ship. It was also claimed that in 1928 they had found a suit of armour buried on the football ground. + += = = Ben Hall = = = +Ben Hall (9 May 1837 — 5 May 1865) was a famous Australian bushranger. A bushranger is a thief who roamed the countryside and country towns of Australia, usually escaping on horseback, like a highwayman. Most bushrangers were simply criminals and thieves. Ben Hall is one of the few bushrangers, like Ned Kelly, who were thought of as outlaw heroes. +Ben Hall lived at a time when gold had been discovered in New South Wales and Victoria. Thousands of people went out to the places where gold had been discovered to "seek their fortunes" and hoping to get rich. Like many bushrangers, Ben Hall and his gang robbed coaches that were carrying gold from the goldfields. Ben Hall was able to avoid being arrested by the police for many years because he had many friends and relatives to help him. +Background: the outlaw hero. +In folklore, a typical outlaw hero is a farmer or other innocent person who is forced into crime by cruel police or government actions. Ben Hall is part of a long history of outlaw heroes that includes people like Robin Hood in England and Jesse James in the United States. The outlaw hero is said to be a friend of the poor, kind to women and children, and an enemy of the rich. He is said to have died bravely in a battle against the more powerful forces of the law. Ben Hall has been seen by people in Australia as such a hero; others see him as a very clever criminal who stole a lot of money. +Early life. +Ben Hall was born on 9 May 1837, at Wallis Plains, near Maitland, in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales. His parents were Benjamin Hall (born in Bristol, England, 1802) and Eliza Somers (born in Dublin, Ireland, 1807). Both of his parents were convicts and sent to gaol in New South Wales. They married in 1834. Ben was their fourth child. After they were let out of gaol, they moved to the Hunter Valley. Benjamin worked for Samuel Clift on a farm called the "Doona Run". Around 1839, Benjamin moved to a remote valley, north of Murrurundi. He built a hut and began farming cattle. He also found wild cattle and horses in the nearby hills. In 1842, he bought a small block of land at Haydonton, near Murrurundi, and started a butcher shop. The family worked hard, but there were problems with the police over stolen cattle and horses. Near the end of 1860, Benjamin moved down to the Lachlan River area, taking his children, Ben, William, and Mary, and his stepson, Thomas Wade. +Sandy Creek. +Ben left home and began work on many cattle farms along the Lachlan River. He was known as a hard-working and honest stockman. +On 29 February 1856, at the age of 19, Hall married Bridget Walsh (1841–1923), a farmer's daughter, at Bathurst. On 7 August 1859, they had a son, whom they named Henry. One of Bridget's sisters was the mistress (lover) of bushranger Frank Gardiner; another sister married John Maguire. In 1860, Ben Hall and John Maguire leased the "Sandy Creek" farm of about south of Forbes. Hall built a house, sheds and stockyards. He raised cattle and sold them at the Lambing Flat goldfield. He met Frank Gardiner who had a butchers shop at Lambing Flat. +Bushranger. +Historians are unsure why, but Hall's life changed. By early 1862, his marriage was in trouble. Biddy left Ben and moved in with a neighbour, Jim Taylor, taking young Henry with her. There were many criminals living and working in the area where Hall lived. He became friends with Frank Gardiner. Gardiner was already wanted for robbery and had shot two policemen before escaping. On 14 April 1862 Gardiner and Hall robbed three bullock wagon drivers. One week later the drivers saw him at the Forbes horse races. Police Inspector Sir Frederick Pottinger, who was also at the races, told the police to arrest Ben for using guns in a robbery with Gardiner. The jury at the courthouse at Orange did not think there was enough evidence to show that Hall had been one of the robbers. After he was released, the police kept a close watch on Ben Hall, to see where he went and what he was doing. +Gold escort robbery. +On 15 June 1862, Gardiner and a group of ten men, including Hall, robbed the Forbes gold coach near Eugowra. This coach carrying gold from the gold fields had an escort of police to guard it. The gang stole more than £14,000 in gold and money. This is about US$4 million in 2003 money value. This was definitely Australia's biggest gold robbery. Hall and several others were arrested in July. Once again the police were unable find proof that Hall was one of the robbers. The police let him go at the end of August. When Hall went back to his farm he found his house burned down. His cattle had been left in the stockyards and had died from starvation (not having enough to eat). There are claims that this was done by Pottinger to punish Hall, but not all historians agree. Hall and John Maguire needed money to pay their legal costs. They were forced to sell the lease of their farm at "Sandy Creek" to a Forbes hotel owner called John Wilson. +With his wife, young son, and his farm gone, Ben Hall slowly moved into a life of crime as a bushranger. On 1 March 1863, Hall and bushrangers Patrick Daley (Patsy) and John O'Meally, were nearly captured in the Weddin mountains by Police Inspector Norton and black tracker Billy Dargin. Black trackers were aboriginals used by the police for their skills in following people in the bush. After shooting at each other, Norton was captured and robbed. Dargin managed to escape into the bush. Hall and Daley chased Dargin through the bush for . When they caught him they told him they admired his bravery. They let him go and told him they would rob the police camp that night. While the police were out looking for them, the gang stole guns and ammunition from the police camp. The police chased them but the gang had stolen better and faster horses and easily escaped. +Ben Hall's Gang. +Frank Gardiner went to Queensland to hide from the police after the Eugowra robbery. Hall took over as leader of the gang. For three years Hall carried out well-planned and daring crimes. They robbed mainly farmhouses, stagecoaches carrying mail and gold, and country hotels. Hall's gang included John Gilbert as his lieutenant, his main helper. In 1863 the other three members were John O'Meally, John Vane and Michael Burke. Burke was only 20 years old. He was killed on 24 October 1863, during a robbery at Henry Keightley's house at Dunn's Plains. Vane wanted to shoot Keightley for killing Burke, but Ben Hall stopped him. Instead he asked for a £500 ransom. Mrs Keightley had to ride to Bathurst at night to get the money from the bank. A few weeks later on 19 November, O'Meally was killed during an attempted robbery on Goimbla Station (farm). Vane gave himself up and was sent to gaol. Two other men, James Gordon, alias James Mount (known as "The Old Man") and John Dunleavy, joined the gang but Gordon was captured trying to flee in Victoria and Dunleavy surrendered after being badly wounded in a gunfight. sometime around October 1864, Hall and Gilbert were joined by John Dunn who had a warrant out for his arrest after failing to appear in court over a robbery-under-arms charge. +The police seemed powerless to stop the Ben Hall gang. The gang were very busy in the district during 1864. For example: +Canowindra robbery. +Hall's gang robbed Robinson's Hotel in Canowindra and held all the people of the town hostage for three days. Nobody was hurt and Hall even got the people to play music and dance. The local policeman was locked in his own cell. When the people were set free, Hall paid them money. The gang paid the hotel owner for the food and drink that they had used. The capture of the town is made famous in a song called "John Gilbert". +Jugiong robbery. +The gang was regularly robbing people and holding up the mail coaches, south of Goulburn on the main Sydney to Melbourne Road. On 15 November 1864, the gang tried to rob the Gundagai-Yass mail coach near Jugiong. While waiting for the coach, the gang captured and robbed over 60 people, who were traveling along the road. One of those captured was policeman James McLaughlin. He fired six shots at the gang, but he did not have any more ammunition and gave himself up. The policeman on the coach, William Roche, was ordered by Police Magistrate Alfred Rose, who was riding inside, not to shoot and draw fire. The driver, Bill Geoghegan, ordered him to get off the coach or he would kick him off. Hall and Dunn began firing at two other policemen who were riding behind the coach. Sub-Inspector William O'Neill was quickly captured. John Gilbert and Sergeant Edmund Parry were shooting at each other from a close distance. Gilbert killed Sergeant Parry. Constable Roche escaped into the bush. The gang quickly took all the money and valuable items and rode away. Parry is buried at Gundagai. On his headstone it says "Edmund Parry, Sergeant of the N.S.W. Police, who lost his life in the execution (doing) of his duty whilst courageously (bravely) endeavouring (trying) to capture the bushranger Gilbert by whom he was killed by near Jugiong." Two days later the gang robbed the mail coach between Yass and Lambing Flat. On 5 December, they robbed the mail coach between Binalong and Burrowa. +Binda robbery. +On Boxing Day, 1864, Hall, Gilbert, and John Dunn, rode into the town of Binda with three local girls. The girls were Christina McKinnon (aged 25), believed to be Hall's lover, Ellen Monks (aged 17), and her sister Margaret Monks (aged 19). Together with the girls the gang robbed a shop owned by Edward Morriss. They locked all the local people into the Flag Hotel. They made everyone dance to celebrate Boxing Day. Morriss got out of the hotel through a back window at 2.00 a.m. and set off to tell the police. Gilbert fired several shots at him. Hall got angry and so he set fire to Morriss's shop and burned it down. The gang and the girls left the town. Christina McKinnon, along with Margaret and Ellen Monks were arrested by Detective James Pye for helping the bushrangers and were sent to Sydney for trial. Morriss joined the police force. Margaret was released before being sent to trial. +Pottinger's plan. +The police were under a lot of pressure to catch the Ben Hall gang. The gang had been able to travel around the country and go anywhere they liked. They made the police look like fools. Sir Frederick Pottinger came up with an unusual plan. He knew the gang liked race horses and horse racing; they had been seen at many country race meetings. Pottinger planned to ride in the races at Wowingragong, near Forbes, on 5 January 1865. He thought this would bring the gang out into the open where his men would be able to capture them. The Ben Hall gang did not appear and Pottinger lost his job. The Inspector-General of Police thought that Pottinger had disgraced the police force by riding in races while he was supposed to be working. Pottinger decided to go to Sydney to make the police force change its mind. On the way he accidentally shot himself and later died. +Death of Constable Nelson. +On 26 January 1865, the gang held up ten people on the road near Goulburn. They were chased into the bush by a group of policemen. A couple of hours later the gang rode into the town of Collector. Hall and Gilbert robbed the Commercial Hotel. John Dunn stayed outside. When the local policeman, Constable Nelson, arrived, Dunn shot him at close range. Two of Nelson's nine children saw the shooting, as one was a hostage at the hotel and the other was following his father. Gilbert robbed Nelson's body of money and other valuables and took his gun. They left the town quickly and went into hiding. +The police put more effort into the hunt for the bushrangers. In February, they went to a house near Queanbeyan and found the gang had only just left. The police thought that the gang might be with a friend, Thomas Byrne. They went to the Breadalbane Hotel and arrested four men that were known to be friends of the gang. This would stop them giving the bushrangers any warnings. The police surrounded Byrne's farm. As they moved passed the open door of the barn, the bushrangers began shooting. The bushrangers escaped into the bush when Hall was shot as he ran away. +The Araluen robbery. +On 4 March 1865, the gang robbed the mail coach at between Goulburn and Gundaroo. A couple of days later they stole horses from two farms. On 13 March, the gang tried to hold up the Araluen gold coach. Gold had been found at Araluen in the 1860s. The gold coach had a policeman with a gun sitting next to the driver. There were two more policemen on the back of the carriage. Four more policemen rode on horses in front and behind the coach. The gold was kept in a safe which was bolted to floor of the coach. (The coach has survived and is being restored). The bushrangers began shooting at the coach and Constable Kelly was shot. He was badly hurt, but he crawled to side of the road and began shooting at the bushrangers. The police were able to keep the bushrangers away from the coach. Another policeman, Trooper Byrne, was also shot.The bushrangers quickly left when miners with guns arrived from the town. +Outlawed. +In two years Ben Hall's gang, as well as killing two policemen, had reportedly robbed ten mail coaches, held up 21 properties, stole 23 racing horses, and taken over the village of Canowindra three times. +In early 1865, the government made a new law to help capture Ben Hall, John Gilbert and John Dunn. The "Felons Apprehension Act" was rushed quickly through the New South Wales Parliament. This would make Hall and his friends "outlaws" if they did not surrender within thirty days. This meant that they could be killed by anyone at any time without warning. They also put a reward of £1000 for the capture of Ben Hall. +The bushrangers still kept busy robbing people. They robbed a farm, Wallendbeen Station, and wanted to know where the police were. A group of Chinese gold miners were robbed. The next day, 18 March, the police found the gang trying to take horses from Wallendbeen. The gang escaped into the bush. They made their way to a shepherd's hut and forced the shepherd to put a bandage on Gilbert's arm. Hall and Dunn walked to a nearby farm, Beggan Beggan station. They held up the 16 farm workers and took horses, saddles and bridles. They went back to get Gilbert and then robbed the farm again, taking guns, ammunition, and food. +Hall, Gilbert and Dunn robbed the bank in Forbes and took £81 on 25 March. More police were sent to the area, and they were given better guns. A month later the gang were seen near Marengo. Two days later they took horses and food from another farm, Yamma station. This was the gang's last robbery. +Capture and death. +By May 1865, Hall decided to leave New South Wales. But a man, Mick 'Goobang' Coneley, who had once given the gang help, told the police where Hall was hiding. During the night a group of eight policemen found Hall sleeping under a tree at Billabong Creek, near Forbes. The police were armed with double-barrelled shotguns and rifles. Led by Sub-Inspector Davidson, the police placed themselves in a large circle around Ben Hall's camp. When he woke up at dawn on 5 May 1865, Hall was shot 30 times as he tried to run away. A newspaper report said his body was "riddled" with bullets. He did not shoot his pistol once. The first rifle shots of the police cut his belt in two, and his guns fell to the ground. Goobang Mick was given a £500 reward. The police were given another £500 reward. +Ben Hall's body was wrapped in his poncho, tied to a horse and taken back to Forbes. An official inquest was held in the court house to find out how he died, and both Davidson and Condell submitted reports. Ben Hall was buried in Forbes Cemetery on Sunday, 7 May 1865. A lot of people went to see him buried. The first wooden grave marker and fence were burnt in a bushfire. Two brothers from Forbes, the Pengilly brothers, put a headstone on the grave in the 1920s. The tree that Hall slept under before he was killed became an attraction. People in the 1920s were still able to see bullets in the tree trunk. The tree was destroyed in a bushfire in 1926. His grave is well looked after and many people still come to look at it. Ben Hall's gun, a Colt pistol, is now in the National Library of Australia. +Gilbert and Dunn were nearly caught by the police a week later at Binalong. Gilbert was killed as he tried to run away. Dunn got away, but six months later a friend told the police where Dunn was hiding. He was captured, tried for murder and hanged in Sydney on 19 March 1866. +Hall, still remembered. +In 2007, Peter Bradley, a descendant of Hall's younger brother Henry, said he wanted to reopen the inquest into the bushranger's death. Bradley said that the "Felon Apprehension Act" was not yet law when Hall was killed. The first inquest found that Hall was deliberately killed, but this was allowed because the new law meant Hall was an outlaw. The parliament had passed the law on 12 April, but it did not become law until 10 May. This was five days after Hall was shot to death by police. +There is memorial called "Ben Hall's Wall" at Breeza, south of Gunnedah, New South Wales. "Ben Halls Gap National Park" is a small section of State Forest south of Nundle, New South Wales. It is not named after the bushranger, but after his father, Benjamin Hall. +Hall in popular culture. +Music. +Many folk songs celebrate Hall's life and actions. These include: +Art. +The story of Hall has been shown in many works of art. +Theatre. +Hall's story has also been told on the stage: + += = = Ride the Lightning = = = +Ride the Lightning is the second album released by American thrash metal band Metallica. It was released on July 27, 1984. It got good reviews. It has sold over six million copies in the US. +Songs from the album. +Side one +Side two + += = = Text file = = = +A text file is a computer file structured as a sequence of lines of electronic text. Each line is a sequence of printable characters. +They can be opened and edited with Wordpad, Notepad, and other text editors. Text files usually contain plain text and not binary data. Whether it be a story, recipe, or even directions to Grandma's house, you can put it in a text file. +When text is stored with Microsoft Word or LibreOffice Writer the file is no more called a text file, but a word processor file or document file. +Text files are commonly encountered with an extension of .doc, .txt, and many others, depending on the software and hardware you choose. + += = = Virtual Console = = = +Virtual Console (VC) is a service on Wii, Nintendo 3DS, and Wii U that lets users download older video games for Wii Points or real money. The games are from the Nintendo Entertainment System, Super NES, Game Boy, Game Boy Color, Nintendo 64, Sega Master System, Sega Mega Drive, TurboGrafx-16, TurboGrafx-CD, Neo Geo AES, Commodore 64, and MSX (Japan only). The service is available in Europe, North America, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and South Korea. + += = = Provincially Administered Tribal Area = = = +The Provincially Administered Tribal Areas (PATA) are administrative subdivisions in the Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces of Pakistan. +List of PATA. +According to article 246(b) of the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan, the following areas are PATA: + += = = Local government in Pakistan = = = +The 2001 Local Government Ordinance provides for devolution of government to district administrations in Pakistan. (Districts are the third tier of government They are sub-divisions of provinces. Before the Local Government Ordnance they were known as "sub-divisions".) Each district administration is headed by a District Coordinating Officer ("DCO"] and a "Zila Nazim". +The District Coordination Officer is the administrative head of the District Administration. They have wide-ranging responsibility for overseeing, improving and directing the approved plans of the District Government. +The Zila Nazim is the executive head of the District Administration. Their role is similar to district governor or prefect, with responsibility for implementing government strategy and developing initiatives arising out of it. + += = = Federally Administered Tribal Areas = = = +The Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) () in Pakistan were areas of Pakistan outside the four provinces, comprising a region of some 27,220 km2 (10,507 mi2). The FATA were merged with the province of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa in 2017. Miran Shah was the tribal capital. There are seven areas known as Agencies and six areas known as Frontier Regions. +Frontier Regions. +The Frontier Regions are named after their adjacent settled districts. The administration of the FR is carried out by the DCO / DC of the neighbouring named district. The overall administration of the frontier regions is carried out by the FATA Secretariat, based in Peshawar and reporting to the Governor of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. The six regions are: +Geography. +The FATA are bordered by: Afghanistan to the west with the border marked by the Durand Line, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa to the north and east, and Balochistan to the south. +The seven Tribal Areas lie in a north-to-south strip that is adjacent to the west side of the six Frontier Regions, which also lie in a north-to-south strip. The areas within each of those two regions are geographically arranged in a sequence from north to south. +The geographical arrangement of the seven Tribal Areas in order from north to south is: +Bajaur Agency, Mohmand Agency, Khyber, Orakzai Agency, Kurram, North Waziristan, South Waziristan. +The geographical arrangement of the six Frontier Regions in order from north to south is: +Peshawar, Kohat, Bannu, Lakki Marwat, Tank, Dera Ismail Khan. + += = = Azrael = = = +Azrael is the archangel of death. It is an English form of the Arabic name Azra'il or Azra'eil (), the name traditionally attributed to the angel of death in Islam and some Hebrew lore. The Qur'an never uses this name, referring instead to Malaikat al-Maut (which translates directly as angels of death; not one angel). It is also spelled Izrail, Izrael, Azrail, Ezraeil, Azraille, or Ozryel. Chambers English dictionary uses the spelling Azrael. The name means "Whom God Helps." +In Islam, Azrael is like death. But, because he is an angel, he does only whatever God tells him to do. Because many people die around the world, Azrael has helpers; other angels of death who are also mentioned in the Quran. + += = = Mangla Dam = = = +The Mangla Dam () in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan is the twelfth largest dam in the world. It is the second largest earth filled dam after Tarbela Dam. The dam was built in 1967 with funding from the World Bank. + += = = Exhibition game = = = +An exhibition game (also known as simply exhibition, or a demonstration event, a friendly, a preparation match, a warm-up game) is a sporting event in which there is no competitive value of any real kind to any competitor (such as tournament or season rankings, or prize money) regardless of the outcome of the competition. The types of matches are usually played before a season so the coach can try a new formation or select players from the bench, like in Association football. +Some sports have an all-star game. This means that the best players are picked from that league and they play against another all-star team or a better team from another country. These matches are usually friendlies, but have a little more competition. An example is the MLS All-Stars against Real Madrid CF. + += = = Enrique Iglesias = = = +Enrique Miguel Iglesias Preysler (born 8 May 1975) is a Spanish pop singer-songwriter. He was born in Madrid. His parents are Spanish singer Julio Iglesias (born 1943) and Filipina journalist Isabel Maria Joy Preysler (born 1951). +His career started on Mexican label Fonovisa. They helped turn him into one of the most popular artists in Latin America and in the Latin market in the United States. He sold more Spanish albums than any other artists in the 1990s. Before 2000, he made a crossover into the mainstream English market. He signed a unique multi-album deal with Universal Music for $48,000,000. Universal Musical Matino would release his Spanish albums and Interscope would release English albums. In 2010 he signed to Universal Republic and released his first full bilingual album. +Enrique Iglesias has sold over 100 million records worldwide and has had two Billboard Hot 100 #1s and one #3. He holds the record for producing twenty-two number #1 Spanish language singles on the Billboard's Hot Latin Tracks. Altogether, Iglesias has 69 number-one rankings on the various "Billboard" charts. +He is dating tennis player Anna Kournikova. +Awards and nominations. +Enrique Iglesias is one of the most celebrated Latin musical artists of all time. He has won 16 Billboard Music Awards and 23 Billboard Latin Music Awards. He has also won 5 American Music Awards, a Grammy, a Latin Grammy and 7 World Music Awards. He won an award for Best International Pop Act at the MTV India Awards. +As well as being named "King of Latin Pop", he has won 15 Premios Lo Nuestro awards. In 2000, he was awarded Most Fashionable Artist at the VH1/"Vogue" Fashion Awards. In 2001, for the release of his second English studio album "Escape", he received awards for Best-Selling Pop Male Artist and European Male Artist at the World Music Awards. Iglesias won an award for Most Successful Spanish Artist of the Decade at Premios Ondas in 2002. + += = = Academy = = = +An academy (Greek ��������) is an institution of higher learning, research, or honorary membership. +The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded about 385 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the goddess of wisdom, north of Athens, Greece. + += = = Sergei Fedorov = = = +Sergei Viktorovich Fedorov (Russian:������ ���������� �������, "Sergey Viktorovich Fyodorov"; born December 13 1969 in Pskov, Soviet Union) is a Russian retired professional ice hockey forward and occasional defenseman who plays for the Washington Capitals of the National Hockey League. He gained fame playing for the Detroit Red Wings before tenures with the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim and Columbus Blue Jackets. + += = = Spartak Tennis Club = = = +The Spartak Tennis Club is a tennis training ground near Sokolniki Park in Moscow, Russia. It has 15 outdoor clay courts, which remain closed for half of the year, and only one indoor court. Although the facilties are getting old, many top Russian tennis players trained there. These include Yevgeny Kafelnikov, Marat Safin, Elena Dementieva, Dinara Safina, Anastasia Myskina, and Anna Kournikova are all graduates of Spartak. + += = = Pavel Bure = = = +Pavel Vladimirovich Bure (; born on March 31, 1971 in Moscow, Russian SFSR) is a Russian retired professional ice hockey right winger. He played a career total of 12 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Vancouver Canucks, Florida Panthers and New York Rangers. He was nicknamed "The Russian Rocket" because of his speed. He began his hockey training in the Soviet Union, where he was known as "Pasha". +In a press conference in Moscow on November 1, 2005, Bure announced that he was retiring from professional hockey because of complications with his chronically injured knee. On June 27, 2012, Bure was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame along with Joe Sakic, Adam Oates and Mats Sundin. +On November 2, 2013, the Canucks retired Bure's #10 jersey. + += = = FHM = = = +FHM or For Him Magazine is an international monthly magazine. The magazine began publication in 1985 in the United Kingdom under the name "For Him" and changed its title to "FHM" in 1994, although the full "For Him Magazine" continues to be printed on the spine of each issue. Founded by Chris Astridge, the magazine was a predominantly fashion-based publication distributed through high street men's fashion outlets. Circulation expanded to newsagents as a quarterly by the spring of 1987. "FHM" was sold from EMAP to Bauer in December 2007. + += = = Monica Seles = = = +Monica Seles is a retired professional tennis player. She is a member of the International Tennis Hall of Fame. She has represented the United States as well as Yugoslavia. + += = = Lindsay Davenport = = = +Lindsay Ann Davenport (born June 8, 1976 in Palos Verdes, California) is a former World No. 1 American professional tennis player. She has won three Grand Slam singles tournaments, three Grand Slam doubles tournaments and, in 1996, an Olympic gold medal in singles. She is one of only four women (the others being Steffi Graf, Martina Navratilova, and Chris Evert) since 1975 who has been the year-end World No. 1 at least four times. Davenport finished 1998, 2001, 2004, and 2005 as the top ranked player. +She is a daughter of Wink Davenport. + += = = Natasha Zvereva = = = +Natalya "Natasha" Zvereva (; born April 16, 1971) is a retired tennis player from Belarus. Playing initially for the Soviet Union, Zvereva won many doubles titles during the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s. + += = = Max Mirnyi = = = +Max Mirnyi (born July 6, 1977, in Minsk) is a tennis player from Belarus. A doubles specialist, he holds seven Grand Slam titles: men's doubles in the 2000 and 2002 US Open and 2005 and 2006 French Open; and mixed doubles in the 1998 and 2007 U.S. Opens and 1998 Wimbledon. + += = = Filderstadt = = = +Filderstadt () is a town in the district of Esslingen, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is about south of Stuttgart. +Filderstadt is next to the Stuttgart Airport. +Filderstadt was created in 1975 from five smaller towns called Bernhausen, Bonlanden, Plattenhardt, Sielmingen and Harthausen. +From 1978 to 2005, the Porsche Tennis Grand Prix, a Women's Tennis Association Tier II event, was held in Filderstadt. + += = = Berlei = = = +Berlei is a brand of women's underwear and in particular bras and girdles +The brand started in Australia in 1917 +Berlei bras are now sold worldwide by Hanesbrands. +The name came from that of the firm's founder, Frederick R. Burley, who felt that his name as normally spelled was not appropriate to his products. +Berlei Limited was one of the first Australian companies to expand outside Australia. Berlei (New Zealand) Limited was incorporated in 1923 and Berlei (U.K.) Limited was organised in 1930. + += = = Lycos = = = +Lycos is a search engine and web portal centered around broadband entertainment content. + += = = K-Swiss = = = +K-Swiss, Inc. is an American footwear company. It is based in Westlake Village, California. It designs, develops, and markets a range of athletic shoes under the K-Swiss brand and its wholly owned subsidiary Royal Elastics, Inc. +K-Swiss was founded in 1966 in Los Angeles, California, by two Swiss brothers who became interested in tennis after emigrating to the United States, where they introduced the first leather tennis shoes. + += = = Gwadar City = = = +Gwadar is on the southwestern coast of Pakistan, on the Sea of Oman. It is between three increasingly important regions: the oil-rich Middle East, heavily populated South Asia and the economically emerging and resource-laden region of Central Asia. The Gwadar Port is expected to generate billions of dollars in revenues and create at least two million jobs. In 2007, the government of Pakistan handed over port operations to PSA Singapore for 25 years, and gave it the status of a Tax Free Port for the following 40 years. There is also money invested into the port by the People's Republic of China. The strategic PRC plan to be engaged in many places along oil and gas roads is evident. + += = = Syed Ahmed Khan = = = +Sir Syed Ahmed Khan (October 17, 1817– 27 March 1898) was a teacher and politician. He was a philosopher as well. He was also a social reformer. Furthermore, he founded the school that would later become Aligarh Muslim University. +In 1857, there was a rebellion in India. This is known as the First Indian War of Independence. During this time, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan kept loyal to the British; He also saved many European lives. After the rebellion, he wrote a book where he said the British were, in fact, those who caused the rebellion. To settle whether Sir Syed was a communitarian or a communalist, we need to assess the speeches and articles which he wrote. One such speech of Sir Syed, which he gave in Meerut in the year 1888, clearly shows that Sir Syed turned to arguments fielded by religious fanatics to develop a communal alliance between Indian Muslims and British Christians. He said, +He was unhappy about the position of Muslims in India, as their social and economic status was declining. According to Sir Syed, Muslims had to bring a positive approach to the British and accept their ways of education. He wanted the Muslims to benefit from the British. To achieve this task, he had to bring about cooperation between the Muslims and the British. To accomplish this, he did the following things: +Sir Syed played a vital role in the educational uplift of the Muslims in India. He did the following things to improve the educational standards: +Sir Syed also increased the political awareness of Muslims in the Sub-continent. At first, he believed in Hindu-Muslim unity, but later resolved to the two-nation theory. In 1885, the Indian National Congress was set up. It claimed to be the body of every Indian, regardless of religion. However, it later proved to be functioning only for the Hindus and tried to eradicate the Muslims. The Congress made three demands which were: +Sir Syed Ahmed Khan played a crucial +role in improving the Muslim status. He worked tirelessly to restore relations between the Muslims and the British. He brought the Muslim revival through the Aligarh movement and showed the importance of education. Likewise, he brought an idea about the Two-nation theory and is hence known as “The Father of The Pakistan Movement” + += = = United Airlines Flight 93 = = = +United Airlines Flight 93 was an airline flight that, on September 11, 2001, was hijacked and crashed on purpose. On that day, the flight was to fly from Newark International Airport (later renamed Newark Liberty International Airport), in Newark, New Jersey, USA to San Francisco International Airport. +The aircraft was hijacked by four men as part of the al-Qaeda organized attack on the United States on September 11, 2001. Soon after the flight took off, the hijackers entered the cockpit and overpowered the pilots. They took control of the aircraft and flew it toward Washington, D.C. Several passengers and crew members made telephone calls aboard the flight and learned about the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. The passengers then decided to attack the hijackers and retake the aircraft. +The hijackers crashed the plane in a field to prevent the passengers from succeeding in breaching the cockpit door just outside Shanksville, Pennsylvania, about northwest of Washington, D.C., killing all crew members and passengers. An investigation determined that the actions of the passengers on board had prevented the hijackers from reaching Washington, D.C. +Flight. +On September 11, 2001, United Airlines flight 93 was a scheduled morning flight from Newark to San Francisco. The aircraft for the flight was a Boeing 757. The aircraft could carry 182 passengers; but the flight had 37 passengers and 7 crew members, which was low. +Hijackers. +The hijackers were led by Ziad Jarrah, a member of al-Qaeda. Jarrah was born in Lebanon. He moved to Germany in 1996, enrolling at the University of Greifswald to study German. He also started dating a German-Turkish dental student named Aysel Sengün. A year later, he moved to Hamburg, Germany and began studying aeronautical engineering at Hamburg University of Applied Sciences. While living in Hamburg, Jarrah became involved with a group of radical Islamic terrorists. This group was known as the "Hamburg Cell." +In November 1999, Jarrah left for Afghanistan, where he spent three months. In Afghanistan in January 2000, he met with al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden. Jarrah returned to Germany at the end of January and obtained a new passport with no Afghan passport stamps in February by falsely reporting his passport as stolen. +In June 2000, Jarrah arrived in Florida in June 2000. He began taking flying lessons as well as training in hand-to-hand combat. +Four other hijackers were trained to physically fight with the crew. Three of them accompanied Jarrah on Flight 93. They were Ahmed al-Nami, Hamza al-Ghamdi and Mohand al-Shehri. +On August 3, 2001, the intended fifth hijacker, Mohammed al-Qahtani, flew to Orlando, Florida, USA from Dubai. He was questioned by officials, who did not believe that he could support himself with only $2,800 cash, and suspicious that he intended to become an illegal immigrant because he was using a one-way ticket. He was sent back to Dubai, and later returned to Saudi Arabia. +At 5:01 a.m. on the morning of September 11, Jarrah placed a cell phone call from Newark to Marwan al-Shehhi, the hijacker pilot of United Airlines Flight 175, in Boston. This call was apparently to confirm that the attacks were ready to begin. +Haznawi and Ghamdi boarded the aircraft at 07:39 and sat in first class seats 6B and 3D respectively. Nami boarded one minute later and sat in first class seat 3C. Before boarding the plane, Jarrah made five telephone calls to Lebanon, one to France, and one to his Turkish-German girlfriend, Aysel Sengün, in Germany, to whom he'd sent a farewell letter the day before. He said "I love you" three times, then hung up when she asked what was up. +With the attacks unfolding, air traffic officials began issuing warnings through the Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS). Ed Ballinger, the United flight dispatcher, began sending text cockpit warnings to United Airlines flights at 09:19, 17 minutes after he became aware of Flight 175's impact. Ballinger was responsible for multiple flights, and he sent the message to Flight93 at 09:23. Ballinger received a routine ACARS message from Flight93 at 09:21: "Good morning...Nice clb (climb) outta EWR [Newark Airport]." The message commented about the sights from the cockpit and the weather, and was signed off with the initial, "J.", indicating it came from Jason Dahl, who knew Ballinger. At 09:22, after learning of the events at the World Trade Center, LeRoy Homer's wife, Melody Homer, had an ACARS message sent to her husband in the cockpit asking if he was all right. At 09:24, Flight93 received Ballinger's ACARS warning, "Beware any cockpit intrusiontwo a/c [aircraft] hit World Trade Center". At 09:26, after the pilots twice checked in with a routine altitude and weather report to an air traffic controller at the FAA's Cleveland Center, Dahl wrote a hasty, misspelled ACARS reply: "Ed cofirm latest mssg plz-Jason". At 09:27:25, as the aircraft was crossing into eastern Ohio airspace, the flight crew responded to a routine radio call from a Cleveland air traffic controller, who told them to watch for another plane twelve miles away and two thousand feet above them. They said contact was negative and they were looking. This was the last communication made by the flight crew before the hijacking. +The hijacking began at 09:28. By this time, Flights 11 and 175 had already crashed into the World Trade Center and Flight77 was within nine minutes of striking the Pentagon. The hijackers on those flights had waited no more than thirty minutes to commandeer the aircraft, most likely striking after the seat belt sign had been turned off and cabin service had begun.<ref name="9/11Commission"></ref> It is unknown why the hijackers on Flight93 waited 46 minutes to begin their assault. According to reports from passengers and crew, the hijackers tied red bandanas around their heads and sprang from their seats. At 9:28:05, as the flight cruised at 35,000 feet over eastern Ohio, the plane abruptly dropped 685 feet. At 09:28:17, eleven seconds into the descent, Cleveland heard a man scream into the cockpit radio: "Mayday! Mayday! Mayday!" A second raspy shout went, "Hey! Get out of here!" Cleveland Air Traffic Controller John Werth didn't know the source of the call he heard, and could only make out what he heard as "just some gruttural, gruttural sounds." He responded, "Somebody call Cleveland?", before he noticed Flight 93's rapid descent and heard at 09:28:50 another transmission from the cockpit, screams alongside an even more desperate and garbled refrain: "Hey! Get out of here! Get out of here!" The commission made no conclusion as to whether it was Dahl or co-pilot LeRoy Homer giving the distress call, but when Melody Homer and Sandy Dahl, Jason Dahl's wife, together listened to the tape, Melody Homer claimed to have recognised her husband’s voice as the man who was shouting. The flight dropped in half a minute before the hijackers stabilized the aircraft at 34,315 feet, and soon began climbing southeast. Of the four hijacked aircraft on 9/11, Flight93 was the only aircraft that broadcast a distress call. It is likely that because the pilots had been warned of the World Trade Center attacks and to beware of cockpit intrusion, when the hijackers attacked them, they purposely pressed on the talk button of the radio microphone, so sounds of the struggle in the cockpit will be heard by FAA ground controllers and by pilots of planes on the same radio frequency. Werth believed it was not just a call for help, but a warning as well. During the next two minutes, Werth made seven attempts to contact Flight 93, with no reply, while other controllers moved nearby flights out of the way. +The cockpit voice recorder began recording the final thirty minutes of Flight93 at 09:31:57. At this moment, it recorded a hijacker’s voice, thought to be Jarrah, speaking with a halting command of accented English and breathing and panting heavily, apparently from exertion, perhaps from a struggle, "Ladies and gentlemen: here the captain. Please sit down, keep remaining seating. We have a bomb on board. So sit." The commission believed Jarrah tried to make an announcement to the passengers, but keyed the wrong switch, sending the message to Cleveland controllers; Mohamed Atta had made the same error on Flight 11. Werth understood the transmission, and tried to keep the hijacker pilot talking, responding, "Calling Cleveland center, you're unreadable. Say again, slowly." He sent a new text warning message to Flight 93: “High Security Alert. Secure Cockpit.” Werth asked other pilots in his sector to tail Flight 93, to keep eyes on the hijacked plane. +The flight recordings indicate that a wounded man, believed to be Dahl, was moaning in the cockpit. The man pleaded, "No more," or "No," repeatedly, as the hijackers shouted for him to sit down and to stop touching something. Sandy believes that Dahl took actions to interfere with the hijackers, including possibly disengaging the autopilot, and rerouting the plane's radio frequency so that Jarrah's attempts to communicate with the passengers were instead transmitted to air traffic controllers. +Tom Burnett made several phone calls to his wife beginning at 09:30:32 from rows 24 and 25, though he was assigned a seat in row 4. Burnett explained that the plane had been hijacked by men claiming to have a bomb. He also said a passenger had been stabbed with a knife and that he believed the bomb threat was a ruse to control the passengers. He told her to call the authorities, then hung up. During his second call to her, Burnett said the stabbed passenger was dead; he checked for a pulse but found none. It is believed that passenger Mark Rothenberg was the victim. Rothenberg was the only first class passenger who didn't make a phone call after the hijacking. Rothenberg was seated in 5B, and Haznawi sat directly behind him in 6B. On Flight 11, Satam al-Suqami in seat 10B attacked passenger Daniel Lewin, who was seated directly in front of him in 9B. One assumption is that Haznawi attacked Rothenberg, unprovoked, to frighten other passengers and crew into compliance. Alternatively, Rothenberg may have attempted to stop the hijacking and confront the hijackers. Burnett's wife informed him of the attacks on the World Trade Center and he replied that the hijackers were "talking about crashing this plane... Oh my God. It's a suicide mission." He began asking her for information about the attacks, interrupting her from time to time to tell the others nearby what she was saying. Then he hung up. In his next call, Burnett, who had been informed of the attack on the Pentagon, said he was putting together a plan and that "a group" were helping him. He ended his last call by saying, "Don't worry, we're going to do something." +In the cockpit, the wounded man continued to moan and seemingly repeat disengaging the autopilot, as at 09:40, there were horn sounds that indicating the hijackers were repeatedly having trouble with the autopilot and were fiddling with a green knob. "This green knob?" one of the hijackers asks the other in Arabic. Another hijacker responded, "Yes, that's the one." At 09:41:56, the wounded man, in a moaning tone, said, "Oh, man!". + += = = Mirza Ghalib = = = +Mirza Ghalib born Mirza Beg Asadullah Khan , pen-name Ghalib "ġhālib" means "dominant") and Asad "Asad" means "lion") (27 December 1796 — 15 February 1869), was a great classical Urdu and Persian poet of India. Most notably, he wrote several ghazals during his life, which have since been interpreted and sung in many different ways by different people. He is considered to be the most popular and influential poet of the Urdu language. +Early life. +He was born in 1796 in Agra, India (then under the rule of the Mughal Empire). His father was Mirza Abdullah Beg Khan and his uncle was Mirza Nasrullah Beg Khan. His father Mirza Abdullah Beg Khan was an important Mughal noble who was prominent in the Mughal court. Mirza Ghalib become orphaned when he was just 5 years old. He lived with his uncle for 4 years, when his uncle too died. +He started saying sher in Agra itself. He married the daughter of Nawab Ilahi Baksh 'Maaroof' and therefore moved to Delhi, India. In Delhi he devoted his full concentration to poetry. Soon he mastered the Persian language. So that no one should call him be-ustad ( without a teacher) he fabricated a story that he had an Iranian teacher Abdul Samad who lived in house for two years to teach him Farsi. Ghalib was always proud of his Farsi poetry but he is known more by his Urdu prose and poetry. +Later life. +He always lived his life lacking money. After 1857 the support from the Royal durbar stopped. The pension from the British Government was stopped because he was suspected of supporting the rebels. He even travelled to Calcutta to restart the pension but to no avail. He went to the Nawab of Rampur, who promised him Rupees 200 if he lived in Rampur and Rs. 100 if he lived anywhere else. His pension was resumed 3 years after that, but all that money was used up for paying old debts. Ghalib died in 1869. +Letters. +Not only Urdu poetry but the prose is also indebted to Mirza Ghalib. His letters gave foundation to the easy and popular Urdu. Before Ghalib, letter writing in Urdu was highly ornamental. He made his letters "talking" by using words and sentences as if he is talking to the reader. According to him " from hundred of miles talk with the tongue of the pen and enjoy the joy of meeting even when you are separated". His letters were very informal, some times he will just write the name of the person and start the letter. He himself was very humorous and also made his letter very interesting. He said "I want to write the lines that whoever reads those should enjoy it". When the third wife of one of his friends died, he wrote. ."Allah Allah, there are some among us who have been freed from the prison three times and I have for the past 50 years this rope around my neck neither this rope breaks nor it takes my life" Some scholars says that Ghalib would have the same place in Urdu literature even only on the basis of his letters. +Poetry. +In Urdu ghazals, along with the love and beauty Ghalib added all the facets of life. Because of him the canvas of Urdu ghazal became very extended. +Since Ghalib was very occupied with Persian, his earlier shers used difficult words and his flights of imagination was such that..."either you (Ghalib) understand or the God (Khuda) understand". +Ghalib was not a philosopher but he questioned things around him. "when there is no one besides you; then oh God why is this pandemonium?" +One also find naughtiness in his writings, he makes fun of every thing and everybody including himself. "when the women are million years old what I will do with that paradise!" +But Ghalib's sher not only have immediate effect on the heart but it makes you think too. +References. +Tarz-e-Nigarish "��� �����" By Dr Abdul haq + += = = Saare Jahan se Achcha = = = +Saare Jahan se Achcha is a poem. It was re-written in 1931. It became a symbol of resistance to the English rule of British-occupied India. The poem exists in different versions. Saare Jahan Se Achchha () is one of the enduring patriotic poems of the Urdu language. Written originally for children in the ghazal style of Urdu poetry by poet Muhammad Iqbal, the poem was published in the weekly journal Ittehad on 14 August 1931. Recited by Iqbal the following year at Government College, Lahore, now in Pakistan, it quickly became an anthem of opposition to the British rule in India. +Urdu text +Hindi +Roman Transliteration +"sāre jahāñ se achchā hindustan hamārā" +"ham bulbuleñ haiñ us kī vuh gulsitāñ hamārā" +"ġhurbat meñ hoñ agar ham, rahtā hai dil vat�an meñ" +"samjho vuhīñ hameñ bhī dil ho jahāñ hamārā" +"parbat vuh sab se ūñchā, hamsāyah āsmāñ kā" +"vuh santarī hamārā, vuh pāsbāñ hamārā" +"godī meñ kheltī haiñ jis kī hazāroñ nadiyāñ" +"gulshan hai jin ke dam se rashk-e janāñ hamārā" +"ay āb-rūd-e Ganga! vuh din haiñ yād tujh ko?" +"utarā tire kināre jab kāravāñ hamārā" +"mażhab nahīñ sikhātā āpas meñ bair rakhnā" +"Hindi haiñ ham, vat�an hai hindustāñ hamārā" +"yūnān-o-miṣr-o-rumā sab miṭ gaʾe jahāñ se" +"ab tak magar hai bāqī nām-o-nishāñ hamārā" +"kuchh bāt hai kih hastī miṭtī nahīñ hamārī" +"sadiyoñ rahā hai dushman daur-e zamāñ hamārā" +"iqbāl! koʾī maḥram apnā nahīñ jahāñ meñ" +"maʿlūm kyā kisī ko dard-e nihāñ hamārā!" +Translation +Better than the entire world, is our Hindustan, +We are its nightingales, and it (is) our garden abode +If we are in an alien place, the heart remains in the homeland, +Know us to be only there where our heart is. +That tallest mountain, that shade-sharer of the sky, +(It) is our sentry, (it) is our watchman +In its lap frolic those thousands of rivers, +Whose vitality makes our garden the envy of Paradise. +O the flowing waters of the Ganges, do you remember that day +When our caravan first disembarked on your waterfront? +Religion does not teach us to bear ill-will among ourselves +We are of Hind, our homeland is Hindustan. +In a world in which ancient Yunan, Misr, and Roma have all vanished without trace +Our own attributes (name and sign) live on today. +Such is our existence that it cannot be erased +Even though, for centuries, the cycle of time has been our enemy. +Iqbal! We have no confidant in this world +What does any one know of our hidden pain? + += = = Atlantic Soccer Conference = = = +This is a list of colleges and universities who play soccer in the Atlantic Soccer Conference: + += = = United Soccer Conference = = = +This is a list of colleges and universities who play soccer in the United Soccer Conference: + += = = Collegiate Water Polo Association = = = +This is a list of colleges and universities who play water polo in the Collegiate Water Polo Association: + += = = Western Water Polo Association = = = +This is a list of colleges and universities who play water polo in the Western Water Polo Association: + += = = ECAC Lacrosse = = = +ECAC Lacrosse, in full the ECAC Lacrosse League, was an American college sports conference that only played men's lacrosse. The conference, a member of NCAA Division I, was founded in 1999 with play beginning in 2000 (both events were in the same school year). +The conference started with six members, and grew to as many as 10 schools. In its final years, it went through many membership changes; the biggest ones were: +ECAC Lacrosse disbanded after the 2014 season. This came after the Big Ten Conference, home to two of the final five members, said it would start a men's lacrosse league in the 2015 season. Two of the other three final members soon announced moves to other conferences. +Members. +Final members. +These schools were members in the league's last season of 2014. Because NCAA lacrosse is a spring sport, the year of joining is the calendar year before the first season of play. +Other members. +These schools left ECAC Lacrosse before 2014. As in the previous table, the year of joining is the calendar year before the first season of play. + += = = Great Western Lacrosse League = = = +The Great Western Lacrosse League was a group of colleges and universities that played men's lacrosse against one another from 1984 to 2009. The conference disbanded after Notre Dame left when its main conference, the Big East, started a men's lacrosse league. The remaining five members joined ECAC Lacrosse. +The final membership was: + += = = Nightingale = = = +The nightingale ("Luscinia megarhynchos") is a small bird. It used to be put in the thrush family Turdidae. Now it is put on the Old World flycatchers, a group often called the chats or chat-thrushes. Its resemblance to thrushes is an example of convergent evolution. +It is a migratory insectivorous species. It breeds in forests and scrubs in Europe and south-west Asia. The distribution is more southerly than the very closely related thrush nightingale "Luscinia luscinia". It nests on the ground in or next to dense bushes. It passes the winter southern Africa. Studies have shown that nightingales seem to choose places to breed that meet certain criteria (Wink 1973): +The Nightingale is slightly larger than the robin, at around 15-16.5 cm length. It is plain brown above except for the reddish tail. It is buff to white below. Sexes are similar. +Nightingales are named so because they frequently sing at night as well as during the day. The name has been used for well over 1,000 years, being highly recognizable even in its Anglo-Saxon form - 'nihtingale'. It means 'night songstress'. Early writers assumed the female sang; in fact, it is the male. +The song is loud, with an impressive range of whistles, trills and gurgles. Its song is particularly noticeable at night because few other birds are singing. This is why its name (in several languages) includes "night". Only unpaired males sing regularly at night, and nocturnal song is likely to serve attracting a mate. Singing at dawn, during the hour before sunrise, is assumed to be important in defending the bird's territory. Nightingales sing even more loudly in urban or near-urban environments, in order to overcome the background noise. The most characteristic feature of the song is a loud whistling crescendo, absent from the song of thrush nightingale. It has a frog-like alarm call. + += = = We Are the Champions = = = +"We Are the Champions" is a power ballad by Queen for the album "News of the World". It was written by Freddie Mercury. + += = = British Invasion = = = +The British Invasion was an event where many rock and roll, beat, and pop bands from the United Kingdom became very popular in the United States, Australia, and Canada. The term was created by the news media. + += = = Pokémon = = = +is a media franchise owned by The Pokémon Company. It is based on the concept of hatching, catching, playing with, staying with, befriending, defending, raising, trading, training and battling with hundreds of different monsters. The concept was made by Satoshi Tajiri, "Pokémon"'s creator. It is represented in many types of media, most famously video games, a still-running anime series, manga, and a trading card game. There are eight regions in the Pokémon games. Although there are 1013 different Pokémon, most people will know of the mascot of the company, an electric Pokémon known as Pikachu. +The video games have sold more copies than every other series except Nintendo's "Mario" series. +Video games. +A number of "Pokémon" games have been released, mostly on Nintendo systems, with the exception of Pokémon GO as The Pokémon Company is owned by Nintendo. +Most games are based on catching, training and battling Pokémon, and the player is a Pokémon trainer who does all these things. There are a number of aspects to the games. +In the games, Pokémon are monsters that trainers catch (using various types of capture devices known as Poké Balls), train, battle, collect, and trade with each other. As of the ninth generation, there are 1013 of them. One of the most popular Pokémon in competitive battling is Mega Kangaskhan, because of its ability to hit the target twice with each move. +Another Pokémon game is the famous Pokémon GO that can be played only on touch phones. It has a big difference from the other games but its basics are the same. This game uses Augmented Reality and the phone's GPS to give the player a very real sense of play. People literally walk around their neighbourhoods, explore new places and catch Pokémon which can be captured along with your surrounding environment by using the phone's camera. People can also go to special places or landmarks where there would be Poké Stops and Gyms which can be used to collect items, battle other Pokémon etc. This game has been a huge success when it was released and is widely considered as the beginning of the AR era. +Gameplay. +The gameplay of the Pokémon series of role-playing video games involves the capture and training of many of fictional monsters called "Pokémon" and using them to battle other trainers. Each generation of games builds upon this idea by introducing new Pokémon, items, and gameplay concepts. Some of the general ideas were featured elsewhere before being introduced in the games; double battles appeared in the anime long before appearing in the games, and Pokémon abilities are similar to the Pokémon Powers first seen in the "Pokémon Trading Card Game". +Anime. +Not long after "Pokémon Red and Blue" (the first "Pokémon" video games) were released, a "Pokémon" anime was created. It was first shown in Japan in early 1997, and in the United States in late 1998. The anime started what has been called "Pokémania", which meant that after the anime came out, it became very popular among children, and many parents assumed it was a fad and no one would care about it in a couple years. However, it was never cancelled, and it is still running. +The interesting thing about the Pokémon Anime is that when a new Pokémon game is released that is not a remake, the whole Anime focuses on that with new Pokémon and the world that is in that Pokémon game. +The anime shows the adventures of Ash Ketchum, (with the exception of some special series) a ten-year-old Pokémon trainer who has many adventures, meeting many new people and Pokémon. His most famous Pokémon, and probably "the" most famous Pokémon, is Pikachu. +A number of "Pokémon" films have also been made that relate to the anime. The first one was "Pokémon: The First Movie" (released in 1998 in Japan and 1999 in United States). There are more movies still being made. There have now been seventeen films released. +Trading card game. +A "Pokémon" trading card game also exists. Players use Pokémon cards to battle each other and collect them by opening packs. There are also live tournaments hosted by Nintendo. Pokémon's damage is counted by "damage counters" or objects which are placed on the cards to keep track of damage. After you add up all of the numbers on the damage counters, you subtract it from the card's HP (health points) to find out how much HP is left. Only 60 cards are used in a player's deck, and six of these are set aside in a pile called "prize cards." After one player knocks out an opponent's card, the defeater takes just one face-down prize card for non-EX Pokémon. Meanwhile, when someone makes an EX Pokémon faint, he or she gets two prize cards. There is one discard pile for each player, where fainted Pokémon go. Some ways to win are taking all of your prize cards, and/or making your opponent draw all of his or her cards. +There are cards designed as various Pokémon, which usually need "Energy" cards to use attacks. There are also "Trainer" cards, which are used for additional things other than direct Pokémon attacks, like giving Pokémon more HP. Most fans of the series agree that a good deck is made of about twenty "Pokémon" cards, twenty "Energy" cards, and twenty "Trainer" cards. +Players can evolve their Benched or Active Pokémon. The Bench is a spot that can hold Pokémon, and these Pokémon can be evolved with its evolution card. Active Pokémon can evolve too, but can also use attacks. To evolve a Pokémon, you can just put its evolution card on top of it. +All Pokémon cards have types. The type affects how effective an attack is. For example, a certain Lightning-type Pikachu card can use an attack that normally deals 80 damage. If the Pikachu uses it against a Pokémon with a Weakness of +20 to Lighting, you add 20 more damage to the normal damage to make it 100. Types can also make things less effective. +There is also a special kind of Pokémon in the trading card game called "EX" Pokémon. "EX & GX" Pokémon are stronger than regular ones, but when they are knocked out, the player's opponent draws two of their prize cards (with regular Pokémon it is just one.) Also, there is another special type of Pokémon in the trading card game called "Delta Species" Pokémon, which have types that are different than typical cards, like an Electric-type Charmander, who is usually Fire-type. In the "Diamond & Pearl" trading card game expansion, "LV.X" cards were introduced. These are a little like evolution cards, but they can only be used on Active Pokémon. In the "HeartGold & SoulSilver" expansion, The Pokémon Company released new cards, called LEGEND cards. LEGEND cards are two cards sold separately that when put together make one picture. They can be used only when the two cards they are made of are put together; they cannot work separately. +Criticism. +The "Pokémon" media franchise, especially the anime, has been often criticized by organizations such as PETA. +Dennō Senshi Porygon. +An episode of the anime called "Dennō Senshi Porygon" ("Electric Soldier Porygon" translated in English) was first shown in Japan on December 16, 1997. One part of the episode showed quick flashing red and blue lights. This caused 685 Japanese children to have epileptic seizures. Because of this, the anime went on a four-month break, and several laws were put in place regarding the flashing lights. Also, the previous episodes released had been toned down when Pokemon aired again. +Porygon, one of the main characters in the episode, has not appeared again in the anime ever since "Dennō Senshi Porygon". It has two evolved forms, Porygon2 and Porygon-Z, and neither of them have appeared in the anime at all, even though it was Ash Ketchum's Pikachu that made the explosion that caused the flashing lights. +An episode of "The Simpsons" called "Thirty Minutes Over Tokyo" made fun of "Dennō Senshi Porygon", as well as an episode of "South Park" called "Chinpokomon". +Jynx. +Jynx, a species of Pokémon, was criticized because it looked like it was using blackface (an old film-making technique that makes white actors look African-American). It was also criticized because it looked like a drag queen (a man who dresses as a woman). This was not an issue in Japan, but it caused a lot of argument in the United States because of the United States' history of racism. Ever since then, Jynx has purple skin instead of black skin, and anime episodes featuring it were banned due to argument. +Game censorship. +In "Pokémon Diamond and Pearl", the Pokémon Registeel had its sprite changed in some European versions, because its pose was too similar to a Nazi salute. +Another Nazi-related censorship was the trading card Koga's Ninja Trick. In this card, there are various symbols, one of them being the swastika. The swastika symbol is used in some cultures and religions. However, it is also used as a symbol of Nazism. Because of this, the symbol was changed in the English and International versions of the trading card. +References. +5. Team GO Rocket arrival to Pokemon Go generated record breaking $110 million revenue in August -AndroidNature.com- August 2019 + += = = Pokémon (anime) = = = +Pokémon (abbreviated from ) is a Japanese anime series. It is part of the "Pokémon" media franchise which is owned by Nintendo. It has been brought to many other places, including North America, Europe, and Australia. The United States dub was originally made by 4Kids Entertainment; starting in 2006 the dub has been made by Pokémon USA. +Not long after "Pokémon Red and Blue" (the first "Pokémon" video games outside of Japan) were released, the anime was created. It was first broadcast in Japan in early 1997, and in the United States in late 1998. The anime started what has been called "Pokémania", which meant that after the anime came out, it became very popular among children, and many parents assumed it was a fad and no one would care about it in a couple years. However, it was never cancelled, and it is still running, and continues to maintain a fanbase consisting of people of all ages. +The anime shows the adventures of Ash Ketchum, a 10-year-old Pokémon trainer and his partner pikachu, who has many adventures, meeting many new people and Pokémon, Ash then leaves the anime and Pokemon Horizons then follows Liko and Roy who also go on adventures to meet people and Pokemon. +Pokemon Horizons will release in Australia on 9Go! on February 27th 2024. +A number of "Pokémon" films have also been made that relate to the anime. The first one was "" (released on 1998 in Japan and on 1999 in North America). They are still being made. +There are various bad guys in Pokemon like Team Rocket. +Seasons. +"Pokemon Horizons" (Series 9). +• Pokemon Horizons + += = = Donkey Kong (series) = = = + is a video game series made by Shigeru Miyamoto and owned by Nintendo. It stars a gorilla called Donkey Kong. + += = = Kirby (series) = = = + is a fantasy video game series made by HAL Laboratory and Nintendo. It was created by Masahiro Sakurai. The games are about Kirby, who can fly and eat enemies. When he swallows enemies he will almost always acquire their power. In Kirby games, it's called a "Copy Ability". For now, in the whole series, 68 copy abilities have appeared. +Most of the games are platform games, but there are games of other genres. +History. +The first Kirby game was Kirby's Dream Land, made in 1992 for the Game Boy. It had a small set of levels that each introduced Kirby and the enemy characters. King Dedede was the villain fought at the end of the game. +The second Kirby game was Kirby's Adventure, made for the NES. It had many worlds, and each world had its own set of levels. Kirby's Adventure introduced Kirby's power to copy the powers of the enemies he eats. It was the first Kirby game to show Kirby in a pink color. +Kirby's Dream Land 2 brought some of Kirby's copy abilities to the Game Boy, as well as a set of worlds like in Kirby's Adventure. Kirby's Dream Land 3, made for the SNES, also used these parts of the game, in a new story. let the player mix the copy abilities together to make new powers for Kirby to use. +More Kirby games were made for handheld game consoles: Kirby & the Amazing Mirror for the Game Boy Advance, and for the Nintendo DS. They gave Kirby a large set of copy abilities, like in Kirby's Adventure. +Kirby's Return to Dream Land was made in 2011 for the Wii. It showed the modern look of the characters. + += = = Ace Attorney = = = +Ace Attorney, known as in Japan, is a video game series made by Capcom, with games released on the Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, and Nintendo 3DS. The series is a visual novel style courtroom drama where a rookie defense attorney must get their falsely accused client a not guilty verdict and find the true culprit. +Games. +The first "Ace Attorney" game was released in Japan in 2001. The game, "" was made for the Game Boy Advance. In 2005, the game was released outside of Japan for the first time. This was with a Nintendo DS version of the game. Right now, the series has six main games and five spin-off games. + += = = Oruchuban Ebichu = = = +Oruchuban Ebichu (also known as ) is an anime. It was made by the Japanese animaion studio Gainax. The anime is based on the 1990 manga by Risa Itō. +In 1990 to 2007, the manga was published in the magazine Giga&chan (��/Shan). It was published in the magazine ACTION PIZAZZ (���������) in 2007 and 2008. After 1999, The manga was published in book form. In 1999, it was shown on Television on DirecTV). +Plot. +this story is about a housekeeper hamster named Ebichu and her master, Gosujinjama, who she calls Office Lady (OL). The name Ebichu comes from the Japanese beer "Yebisu". +Ebichu is a hamster. She is a faithful and very good housekeeper. She often does not have any tact. This often leads to her being abused by OL. Gosujinjama is 25 years old (29 in the manga). She has a bad temper. + += = = Excel Saga = = = + is a comedy manga made by Koushi Rikudou. There's also an anime. + += = = Haré+Guu = = = + is an anime made by AN Entertainment. + += = = Kirby Super Star Ultra = = = +Kirby Super Star Ultra is a remake of "Kirby Super Star", a collection of side-scrolling platform video games for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. It was made for Kirby's 15th anniversary. The game was released for the Nintendo DS in 2008. +Game modes and plot. +"Kirby Super Star Ultra" has every game that the original "Kirby Super Star" has, along with new games. The original games are: +The new games are: + += = = SummerSlam (2008) = = = +SummerSlam was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), which took place on August 17, 2008 at Conseco Fieldhouse in Indianapolis, Indiana. It was the 21st annual SummerSlam event and starred wrestlers from the Raw, SmackDown and ECW brands. + += = = HAL Laboratory = = = +HAL Laboratory is a video game developer and a second party to Nintendo. They are best known for developing the "Kirby" series and the "Super Smash Bros." series. They also develop the "BoxBoy!" series. + += = = Rosario Dawson = = = +Rosario Isabel Dawson (born May 9, 1979) is an American actress. Her first movie was "Kids" in 1995. Since then, she has become known for her roles in "Men in Black II" (2002), "25th Hour" (2002), "The Rundown" (2003), "Alexander" (2004), "Sin City" (2005), "Death Proof" (2007), "Eagle Eye" (2008), "Unstoppable" (2010), "César Chávez" (2013), "Trance" (2013), "The Lego Batman Movie" (2017) and "" (2019). +She also plays Ahsoka Tano in the Disney+ "Star Wars" series "The Mandalorian and Ahsoka". +Dawson endorsed Barack Obama for re-election in 2012, and Bernie Sanders for the Democratic nomination in the 2016 and 2020 presidential primaries. +She dated U.S. Senator Cory Booker from 2019 until 2022. Dawson adopted a 12-year-old girl in 2014. +In February 2020, Dawson publicly came out as a member of the LGBT community. + += = = The Age = = = +The Age is a newspaper made in Melbourne, Australia. It is owned by an Australian company called Fairfax, and its first edition was on 17 October 1854. +The newspaper was first made by John and Henry Cooke. They also had a merchant business called Francis Cooke and Co.. They said they would use the newspaper to help miners in the Australian Gold Rush. The newspaper has become very popular since then. According to its website, it gets up to 957,000 on Saturdays. The editor is Andrew Jaspan, who got the job in 2004. He got in trouble in 2008 when "The Age" journalists agreed that he had been making it hard for them to make news reports independently. + += = = MINIX = = = +MINIX is a Unix-like computer operating system based on a microkernel architecture. Andrew S. Tanenbaum wrote the operating system so it could be used for educational purposes; MINIX also helped Linus Torvalds design the Linux kernel. Its name comes from the words "minimal" and "Unix". +Released under the BSD license, MINIX is free and open source. +History. +Andrew S. Tanenbaum created MINIX at Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam. +MINIX 3. +MINIX 3 was announced to the public on 24 October 2005 by Andrew Tanenbaum during his speech on top of the ACM Symposium Operating System Principles conference. MINIX 3 currently supports only IA-32 architecture PC systems. It has a Live CD format that lets it be used on a computer without installing it. +Version 3.1.2 was released 8 May 2006. It contains X11, emacs, vi, cc, gcc, perl, python, ash, bash, zsh, ftp, ssh, telnet, pine, and over 400 other common UNIX programs. With the addition of X11, this version starts the change from a Text-Only System. +MINIX and Linux. +The design principles Tanenbaum applied to MINIX had influenced the design decisions Linus Torvalds applied in the creation of the Linux kernel. Torvalds used and appreciated MINIX, but his design was different from the MINIX architecture in significant ways, most notably by employing a monolithic kernel instead of a microkernel. This was famously disapproved by Tanenbaum in the Tanenbaum-Torvalds debate. (Tanenbaum explained again his rationale for using a microkernel in May 2006.) +Linux being copied from MINIX. +In May 2004 Kenneth Brown of the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution raised the accusation that major parts of the Linux kernel had been copied from MINIX, in a book called "Samizdat". +These accusations were rejected by Andrew Tanenbaum, who said that Kenneth Brown was very wrong and published a long rebuttal on his personal website. +Licensing. +Its licensing fee was very small ($69) compared to the ones of other operating systems. Although Tanenbaum wished for MINIX to be as easily available to students, his publisher would not allow it. +When free/open source Unix-like operating systems such as Linux became available in the early 1990s, many volunteer software developers stopped using MINIX for Linux. In April 2000, MINIX became free/open source software under a permissive free software licence, but by this time other operating systems were much better, and it was mostly used as an operating system for students and hobbyists. + += = = Causality = = = +Causality is a way to describe how different events relate to one another. Suppose there are two events "A" and "B". If "B" happens because "A" happened, then people say that A "is the cause" of B, or that B "is the effect of" A. +Causality in Philosophy. +Aristotle. +Aristotle was a Greek philosopher. He looked at the problem of causality. In his books "Posterior analytics" and "Metaphysics" he wrote: +This can be used to explain causality. Aristotle found different kinds of causes: +Aristotle told people of two types of causes: proper (prior) causes and accidental (chance) causes. Both types of causes, can be spoken as potential or as actual, particular or generic. The same language refers to the effects of causes; so that generic effects assigned to generic causes, particular effects to particular causes, and operating causes to actual effects. It is also essential that ontological causality does not suggest the temporal relation of before and after - between the cause and the effect; that spontaneity (in nature) and chance (in the sphere of moral actions) are among the causes of effects belonging to the efficient causation, and that no incidental, spontaneous, or chance cause can be prior to a proper, real, or underlying cause "per se". +All investigations of causality coming later in history will consist in imposing a favorite hierarchy on the order (priority) of causes; such as "final > efficient > material > formal" (Aquinas), or in restricting all causality to the material and efficient causes or, to the efficient causality (deterministic or chance), or just to regular sequences and correlations of natural phenomena (the natural sciences describing "how" things happen rather than asking "why" they happen). +David Hume. +David Hume was another philosopher who looked at the relation between cause and effect. Hume thinks that there are certain things all such relations of cause and effect have in common.: +Hume says that if someone is used to always seeing the same things occur in the same order, he will get accustomed to them being in that order. When he sees one event occur, he will expect the other to occur as well: +Causality in Logic. +Logic is the science that looks at how to build an argument. In Logic, there are usually two different types of causes. They are called "necessary cause" and "sufficient cause". + += = = Wildhaus = = = +Wildhaus is a village and municipality near St. Gallen in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. About 1,200 people live there. Huldrych Zwingli was born there in 1484. With "9658", Wildhaus has the highest zip code in Switzerland. On 1 January 2010, the former municipalities of Wildhaus and Alt St. Johann merged into the new municipality of Wildhaus-Alt St. Johann. + += = = Muhammad Iqbal = = = +Sir Muhammad Iqbal (November 9, 1877 – April 21, 1938), widely known as Allama Iqbal, was a Muslim poet and philosopher. Allama Iqbal gave the idea of Pakistan. He became the national poet of Pakistan after his death. He is also known as the poet of East. He wrote poetry in Urdu and Persian. His poetry is considered to be revolutionary. His vision of an independent state for the Muslims of British India was a starting point for the creation of Pakistan. He is commonly referred to as Dr Allama Muhammad Iqbal. +Early life and education. +Muhammad Iqbal was born on 9 November 1877. His father was Sheikh Noor Muhammad, who worked in a small government job but later started his own business, and his mother was Imam Bibi. Both Allama Iqbal's mother and father were very pious and religious-minded people and devoted to a simple life. After early Islamic education and then secondary at a small school in Sialkot, Iqbal was admitted to the Scottish Murray College, Sialkot, where he topped the higher secondary examinations and got a scholarship to study at the famous Government College, Lahore, for BA. On going to live in the hostel there, Iqbal met Professor Arnold, an English teacher who taught many things to Iqbal and guided him in his studies of philosophy and literature. He was very young at that time. +Early career. +Iqbal became well known as a new poet and writer. He used to go to attend the 'Mushaira' at the haveli of Hakim Syed Aminuddin, in BhaatiGate area of Old Lahore city—here, he met many famous poets and writers and began to write good poems which became very popular. He was guided by Mirza Dagh. His first famous poem, "Koh i Himala" was also printed in Makhzan magazine, owned by Hakim Shuja uddin and Sir Abdul Qadir +After doing his BA and MA from Government College, Lahore, Iqbal was appointed a professor there. In 1905, he was selected for higher studies at the University of London, and then he went to Munich, Germany, where he took a PHD degree. After all his study, Iqbal decided to go back and teach and also practice law in India. +Later career, poetic and ideological work. +He taught some senior classes at Government College and also practiced Law at Lahore High Court. At the same time, he wrote many famous poems such as "Asrar i Khudi", "Ramuz i Bekhudi", "Payam i Mashriq", "Zabur i Ajam", "Bang i Dara", "Bal i Jibrail and" etc. Because of his learning and knowledge, people soon began to call him 'Allama' Iqbal. In 1923, King George V of Britain, giving him the title of Allama 'Sir' Muhammad Iqbal. He was awarded 5 awards. +He was always concerned about the thoughts, ideas and condition of Muslims everywhere, but specially Indian Muslims who were under British Rule and threatened by the Brahman ruling population. Iqbal believed strongly in Sir Syed Ahmed Khan's 'Two Nation theory' that Muslims and Hindus were two separate nations and should be allowed to live separately. He put forward this idea again in his famous Allahabad Address to the Muslim League, in 1930, and preached this in his poems and lectures. Allama's words and ideas inspired many Muslims, some of whom became leaders of the Muslim League. He was very popular amongst the Muslim masses too. Being such an influential poet for the Muslims of India, Iqbal also saw the Iqbal Day being celebrated during his lifetime across the sub-continent. +Death. +He died on 21 April 1938 in Lahore, Punjab, British India. + += = = 1984–85 NHL season = = = +The 1984–85 NHL season was the 68th season of the National Hockey League. Twenty-one teams each played 80 games. The Edmonton Oilers won their second straight Stanley Cup by beating the Philadelphia Flyers four games to one in the final series. +This was the first year since they began broadcasting that CBC was not the lone network broadcaster in Canada. While Molson continued to present Hockey Night in Canada on Saturday nights, rival brewery Carling O'Keefe began airing Friday night games on CTV. The two networks split the playoffs and finals. +Regular season. +Final standings. +"Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, GF= Goals For, GA = Goals Against, Pts = Points, PIM = Penalties in minutes. Teams qualifying for the playoffs shown in bold." +Player statistics. +Scoring leaders. +"Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points" +Source: NHL. +Leading goaltenders. +"Note: GP = Games played; W = Won; L = Lost; T = Tied; GA = Goals allowed; GAA = Goals against average; SO = Shutouts" +Playoffs. +The defending champion Edmonton Oilers returned to the Final, meeting the overall regular season champion Philadelphia Flyers. In the Final, Edmonton would lose the first game to the Flyers but would then take the next four to win their second consecutive Stanley Cup. +Milestones. +First games. +The following is a list of players of note who played their first NHL game in 1984–85 (listed with their first team, asterisk(*) marks debut in playoffs): +Last games. +The following is a list of players of note that played their last game in the NHL in 1984–85 (listed with their last team): +"Note: Goring and Park were the last two players to have played in the NHL in the 1960s." + += = = Grant Fuhr = = = +Grant Scott Fuhr (born September 28, 1962) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender. He played in the National Hockey League. In 2003, he was added into the Hockey Hall of Fame. Born of biracial parents, Fuhr was adopted as a baby and raised in Spruce Grove, Alberta. + += = = Ron Hextall = = = +Ronald Jeffrey Hextall (born May 3, 1964 in Brandon, Manitoba) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender most often associated with the Philadelphia Flyers of the National Hockey League. He is the grandson of Hall-of-Famer Bryan Hextall, the son of former NHL player Bryan Hextall Jr. and nephew of former NHL player Dennis Hextall. + += = = Brandon Wheat Kings = = = +The Brandon Wheat Kings are a Canadian junior ice hockey team based in Brandon, Manitoba. They compete in the Western Hockey League, and joined the league in the 1967–68 season. Prior to that they played in the Manitoba Junior Hockey League and were known as the Brandon Elks for a short time in the 1940s. They won 8 Turnbull Cup Championships as Manitoba Junior Champions, 1939, 1947, 1949, 1950, 1960, 1962, 1963, & 1964 and appeared in the Memorial Cup five times: in 1949 (as an MJHL team), 1979, 1995, 1996 and 2010, losing each time. The team plays its home games in Westman Communications Group Place (Keystone Centre). They also played at Wheat City Arena until 1969, and the Manex Arena from 1969 to 1972. Starting in 1973, the Wheat Kings owned and operated a farm team in the MJHL, called the Travellers. +An earlier incarnation of the Wheat Kings played for the Stanley Cup in 1904, but lost to the Ottawa Senators. +The 1949 Brandon Wheat Kings won the Abbott Cup defeating the Calgary Buffaloes. They went on to lose the Memorial Cup to the Montreal Royals. The 1949 Brandon Wheat Kings were inducted into the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame in the team category. +The Wheat Kings hold the CHL record for most points (125) in a single season, setting the mark in 1978–79. +The Western Hockey League announced on October 16, 2008, that the Wheat Kings were chosen to host the 2010 Memorial Cup championship at the Keystone Centre. They reached the final game, losing to the Windsor Spitfires. +Season-by-season record. +"Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, OTL = Overtime losses, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against" + += = = William Riker = = = +William Thomas Riker is a character. He is played by Jonathan Frakes. He is first officer on the starship Enterprise. This means that he is second in command of the starship and can give orders if the Captain is away. +Character story. +Riker soon becomes very comfortable on the Enterprise, many times refusing offers of his own command. On part 1-2 on the episode "The Best of Both Worlds", Riker takes command on the Enterprise and orders Jean-Luc Picard rescued. + += = = Hall church = = = +A hall church is a type of church building. The term "hall church" is about the architecture of the building. Most very large churches and cathedrals are built with a long part where people sit, called the "nave". On each side of the nave is a lower "aisle". Between the nave and the aisles are rows of columns. Above the columns are windows which let light into the nave. In a hall church, there are no windows above the columns. The nave and the aisles are about the same height. +Famous cathedrals which are hall churches are Milan Cathedral in Italy, St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna and Bristol Cathedral in England. +The term was first used in the mid-19th century by the German art historian Wilhelm Lübke. + += = = St Thomas' Church, Strasbourg = = = +Saint Thomas Church in Strasbourg is a Protestant church today. It is very important for Strasbourg, from a cultural and historic perspective. Strasbourg Cathedral had to be given to the Catholics when the French occupied Strasbourg in 1681. Since then, this church is the main Protestant church in the region. +The veneration of St. Thomas at this particular spot was already present in the 6th century. A church and a school were built there in the 9th century. They burned down because lightning struck them in 1007 and again in 1144. A very large church built like a fortress to resist fires better was started in the year of 1196. Building works were interrupted several times, until they finished with building side-chapels in Gothic style. In 1524 the church became Lutheran. Today, it is in charge of several schools. There is also a seminary (A special school for priests) in the baroque building next to it. +There are 5 naves in the church. It is the oldest such church in southwest Germany, and the only "hall church" in Alsace. The church is also known for its organs. One of them was built by Johann Andreas Silbermann in 1741. The family Silbermann (father and sons) were the most important German organ-builders of the 18th century. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart played on this organ several times during the three weeks he spent in Strasbourg in 1778 and wrote in a letter to his father Leopold Mozart about it. The other organ (built for the choir) was designed by Albert Schweitzer and built in 1906. +There is a gothic fresco of Saint Michael in the church. This is the largest of its kind in France after that of St. Christopher in Wissembourg, which is ten meters high. +There are also many notable tombs and tombstones in the church, the oldest is a romanesque masterwork from the 11th century, and the largest a baroque monument to field-marchal Maurice of Saxony that fills up the entire rear wall of the choir. Maurice could not be buried in Paris because he was Protestant, and since he was German by birth, Strasbourg was a fitting place. +The Saint Thomas church also houses medieval stained glass in its windows, although Protestants destroyed parts of it in the early years of the Reformation. + += = = Aircraft hijacking = = = +Aircraft hijacking (also known as skyjacking and aircraft piracy) is the takeover of an aircraft, by a person or group, usually armed. In most cases the pilot is forced to fly according to the orders of the hijackers. Sometimes, the hijackers fly the planes themselves, as occurred in the September 11, 2001 attacks. In one case the official pilot hijacked the plane, when he diverted his internal Air China flight to Taiwan. + += = = Logan International Airport = = = +General Edward Lawrence Logan International Airport in the East Boston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States (and partly in the Town of Winthrop, Massachusetts), is one of the 20 busiest airports in the U.S., with over 27 million passengers a year. The airport serves as a focus city for American Airlines, Delta Air Lines, US Airways, and JetBlue Airways. +It covers 2,400 acres (10 km2), has six runways, and employs an estimated 16,000 people. The airport has service to destinations in the United States, as well as Canada, the Cape Verde Islands, the Caribbean, Europe, and Mexico. The distinctive central control tower, nearly a dozen stories high, is a local landmark with its pair of segmented elliptical pylons and a six-story platform trussed between them. +Boston serves as a focus city for JetBlue Airways. Delta Air Lines and US Airways also carries out many operations from the airport, and all major airlines fly to Boston from all or the majority of their primary and secondary hubs. It is also a destination of many major European airlines, such as Lufthansa, British Airways, Norwegian Air Shuttle and Air France. The airport is a hub for regional airline Cape Air. The airport has service to destinations in the United States, as well as Africa, Canada, the Caribbean, Europe, Mexico, and South America. Japan Airlines plans to inaugurate service to Tokyo in 2012, which would add the first service to Asia since 2001. As of July 2013, the service continues to operate with great success. +In 2010, it was the world's 28th busiest airport in terms of aircraft movements. The airport is also the 12th busiest airport in the U.S. based on international traffic. In 2010, it handled 3,681,739 international passengers. Logan Airport stimulates the New England regional economy by over $7 billion each year. It generates $559.4 million in state and local taxes. + += = = NHL Entry Draft = = = +The NHL Entry Draft is an event in which the teams of the National Hockey League (NHL) systematically select the rights to available amateur players who meet the requirements to play professional hockey in the NHL. +Draft order. +Draft order in the Entry Draft is determined by a combination of lottery, regular season standing, and playoff results. In all cases, the team considered is the original holder of the draft pick, not a team which may have acquired the pick via a trade or other means. +Draft oddities. +In the 1974 entry draft, Buffalo Sabres General Manager Punch Imlach deliberately selected an imaginary Japanese center, Taro Tsujimoto, supposedly of the Tokyo Katanas of the Japanese Ice Hockey League, in the 11th round (183rd overall). Only after weeks had passed did the league discover that Tsujimoto did not in fact exist. Imlach later revealed that he had played the prank because of his frustration with the excessive tedium and length of that year's draft proceedings. Today, the league officially records the 183rd selection of the 1974 entry draft as an "invalid claim". +Likewise, the Florida Panthers attempted to draft Russian hockey phenomenon Alexander Ovechkin in 2003, even though his birthday was two days after the cut-off. The Panther's GM claimed that, with the addition of extra days falling on Leap Year, Ovechkin was actually eligible to be drafted. +Player numbers by league summary. +Below is a chart showing where players have been drafted from by year. The leagues represented are the Ontario Hockey League, Western Hockey League, Quebec Major Junior Hockey League, United States Colleges, United States High Schools, International players. Those player listed under Other do not fit any of the other listed categories. International players who were playing for teams in North American leagues are listed in the chart as being drafted from their respective league rather than being listed as international. +Player numbers by team. +This is a ranking of the minor teams who have provided the most players to the NHL as of the 2007 NHL Entry Draft. +Rank - Team, League - Players +Note: Totals for Canadian Hockey League teams include all teams from that city, regardless of franchise moves except for Toronto, Quebec City, Montreal, Calgary and Vancouver. + += = = Los Angeles International Airport = = = +Los Angeles International Airport is the airport which serves Los Angeles, California, United States. It is often called LAX, its airport code. The letters are usually said by themselves. LAX is in southwestern Los Angeles in the neighborhood of Westchester, from the downtown core. +With 65,924,298 passengers in 2022, LAX was the sixth busiest airport in the world and is served by direct flights to North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East. The airport is a small hub for American Airlines and United Airlines and a focus city for Alaska Airlines, Delta Air Lines, and Southwest Airlines. + += = = Cockpit = = = +A cockpit is the open space, normally near the front of an aircraft, where a pilot controls the aircraft. A different name for the cockpit is the flight deck, flight deck can also refer to the flight deck on an aircraft carrier. Current cockpits have walls on all sides, this may not be the same for some small aircraft, and cockpits on aircraft with passengers have the cockpit separated from the passenger area of the aircraft. Motorboats also have cockpits. +Cockpit as a term for the pilot's space in an aircraft first appeared in 1914. From about 1935 cockpit also came to be used informally to refer to the driver's seat of a car, especially a high performance one, and this is official terminology in Formula One. The term is most likely related to the sailing term for the coxswain's station in a Royal Navy ship, and later the location of the ship's rudder controls. + += = = List of defunct and relocated National Hockey League teams = = = +This is a list of teams that once played in the National Hockey League but no longer exist. This includes franchises which have moved to different cities. The years of operation only reflect the time in which that team was in the NHL; it does not take into account any time in which the franchise operated in another league (such as the World Hockey Association). + += = = First officer = = = +In commercial aviation, the first officer is the second pilot (sometimes referred to as the "co-pilot") of an aircraft. The first officer is second-in-command of the aircraft, to the Captain who is the legal commander. In the event of incapacitation of the captain, the first officer will assume command of the aircraft. +Control of the aircraft is normally shared equally between the first officer and the captain, with one pilot normally designated the "Pilot Flying" (PF) and the other the "Pilot Not Flying" (PNF) for each flight. Even when the first officer is the flying pilot, however, the captain remains ultimately responsible for the aircraft, its passengers, and the crew. In typical day-to-day operations, the essential job tasks remain fairly equal. +The pilot is seated in the left seat of the cockpit, and the co-pilot is positioned in the right seat. +Generally one of the two will fly the airplane, while the other navigates and is in charge of radio communication. + += = = Flight attendant = = = +In aviation, flight stewardesses or flight attendants — also known as cabin crew, stewards, air hosts/hostesses, or stewardesses, — are members of a cabin crew employed by airlines to assist the travelers. +Stewardesses assist both the travelers but also the pilots who are busy driving the plain, as the pilots does not talk directly during driving to travelers they talk and send their messages to them by the stewardesses. +Stewardesses has also communications studies for this reason. +Stewardesses are helping not only in piloting but sometimes in other types of transport as big buses. +Usually stewardesses are plane pilots assistants in air and are used to flight in air, to keep balance in air, and on plane, and are in good physical shape. +Stewardesses has as pilots uniforms in civilian piloting for the professional level of their work. +They make sure that the passengers on commercial flights (or, sometimes, business jets) are safe and comfortable during the flight. + += = = Western Conference (NHL) = = = +The Western Conference () is one of two conferences in the National Hockey League (NHL) used to divide teams. Its counterpart is the Eastern Conference. + += = = Mohamed Atta = = = +Mohamed Atta ( (September 1, 1968 – September 11, 2001) was a known associate of al-Qaeda and the leader of the nineteen hijackers who carried out the September 11 attacks. He personally participated in the hijacking of American Airlines Flight 11, the first plane to crash into the World Trade Center during the September 11, 2001 attacks. He was said to be 'the best candidate for the job'. + += = = List of Stanley Cup champions = = = +This is a list of Stanley Cup champions, including finalists and challengers. The Stanley Cup, donated by former Governor General of Canada Lord Stanley of Preston in 1892, is the oldest professional sports trophy in North America. Originally inscribed the "Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup", the trophy started out as an award for Canada's top-ranking amateur ice hockey club. Today, it is awarded to the top team in the National Hockey League, a professional ice hockey league. +Challenge era. +A. Although the Montreal Victorias won the AHAC title in 1895, the Stanley Cup trustees had already accepted a challenge from the 1894 Cup champion Montreal HC and Queen's University. As a compromise, the trustees decided that if the Montreal HC won the challenge match, the Victorias would become the Stanley Cup champions. The Montreals eventually won the game, 5–1, and their crosstown rivals were awarded the Cup. +B. Intended to be a best-of-three series, Ottawa Capitals withdrew their challenge after the first game. +C. The January 31 (a Saturday) game was tied 2–2 at midnight and the Mayor of Westmount refused to allow play to continue on the Sunday. The game was played on February 2 (a Monday) and the January 31 game was considered to be void. +D. For most of 1904, the Ottawa Senators were not affiliated with any league. +E. The Montreal Wanderers were disqualified as the result of a dispute. After game one ended tied at the end of regulation, 5–5, the Wanderers refused to play overtime with the current referee, and then subsequently refused to play the next game of the series in Ottawa. +F. Victoria did not formally challenge for the Stanley Cup with the Stanley Cup trustees. Toronto accepted the challenge directly. +NHL champion. +The Conn Smythe Trophy is awarded to the player who is judged to be the most valuable player to his team during the playoffs. It was first awarded during the 1964–65 playoffs. + += = = First class (aviation) = = = +First class, sometimes called A1, is a luxury travel class on some airliners that exceeds "Business Class", "Premium Economy Class" and "Economy Class". On a passenger jetliner first class refers to a limited number (rarely more than 16) of seats or cabins located in the front of the aircraft which are notable for their comfort, service and privacy. Propeller airliners occasionally have first class in the rear. + += = = List of NHL players = = = +This list of National Hockey League (NHL) players is divided into the following lists: +By name. +A • B • C • D • E • F • G • H • I • J • K • L • M • N • O • P • Q • R • S • T • U–V • W • X–Z + += = = History of Pakistan = = = +The History of Pakistan, or Ancient Pakistan, includes the area of the Indus Valley. This area covers the northwest part of the Indian subcontinent and the eastern part of the Iranian plateau. It was important because it was both a fertile area where a big civilization grew and a place where South Asia connected to Central Asia and the Near East. +Timeline. +During the period 6000 BC and 2000 BC, late Neolithic culture and the start of the Bronze Age was taking shape in the Indus Valley. +The Neolithic era. +About 7000 years before, by 5100 BC, early Neolithic culture had developed in ancient Pakistan. People had learned farming. They tended goats, lived in houses build of mud, and had learned to make baskets. Potteries were also made. +Persian and Greek invasion. +Around the 5th century BC, north-western parts of India faced invasion by the Achaemenid Empire and the Greeks of Alexander's army. Persian way of thinking, administration and lifestyle came to India. This influence became bigger during the Mauryan dynasty. +Achaemenid Empire. +From around 520 BC, Achaemenid Empire’s Darius I ruled large part of northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. +Then Alexander conquered these areas. Herodotus, a historian of that time has written that these areas were the richest areas of Alexander’s Empire. Achaemenid rule lasted about 186 years. In modern times, there are still traces of this Greek heritage to be found in parts of northwestern India. +Greco-Buddhist period. +Greco-Buddhism (also spelt as Græco-Buddhism) is a combination of culture of Greece and Buddhism. This mixture of cultures continued to develop for 800 long years, from 4th century BC until the 5th century AD. The area where it happened is modern day’s Afghanistan and Pakistan. This mixture of cultures influenced Mahayana Buddhism and spread of Buddhism to China, Korea, Japan and Tibet. +Arrival of Islam. +16th July 622 Hijri calendar is considered to be started as Muhammad migrated to Madina. +16 March 1527 Kanwaha battle took place between forces of Babur and Rana Songa of Mewar, a Rajput prince. Babur forces defeated Rajput in this decisive battle. +26 June 1564 Sheikh Ahmad was born who joined Naqshbandya Silsilah under the decipline of Khawaja Baqi Billah. He gave the philosophy of Wahdat-ul Wujud and Wahdat-ush Shuhud in his dedication to Islam. +21 February 1703 Shah Wali Ullah son of Shah Abdul Rehman born + += = = Business class = = = +Business class (also known as executive class or upper class) is a high quality second-tier travel class available on some commercial airlines and rail lines. Its level of accommodation is higher than economy class and domestic first class but lower than international first class. However, many airlines offer only business class as the highest level of international service. + += = = Runway = = = +A runway (also abbreviated to RWY) is a strip of land on an airport, on which aircraft can take off and land. Runways may be a man-made surface (often asphalt, concrete, or a mixture of both) or a natural surface (grass, dirt, or gravel). + += = = Air traffic control = = = +Air traffic control (ATC) is a service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and in the air. The main job of ATC is to "separate" aircraft to prevent crashes and to make sure aircraft are running on time and as fast as possible. In some countries, ATC may also play a security or defense role (as in the United States), or actually be run entirely by the military (as in Brazil). Air traffic control was first introduced at London's Croydon Airport in 1921. Archie League, who controlled aircraft using colored flags at what is today Lambert-St. Louis International Airport, is often considered the first air traffic controller. +Preventing crashes is done by what is called "separation". This means that the aircraft are kept apart by a minimum distance at all times. Modern aircraft also have collision avoidance systems that see nearby aircraft and warn pilots if other planes are too close. This system is a backup for when air traffic control is not available or if something goes wrong with ATC. Air traffic controllers also can provide information to pilots. But pilots do not have to follow commands of ATC. They can make changes in order to keep plane safe. +Air traffic control service is not provided in uncontrolled airspace. Uncontrolled airspace is usually between ground and 1000 feet except areas near airports. These areas are part of controlled airspace. + += = = Federal Aviation Administration = = = +The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation with authority to regulate and oversee all aspects of civil aviation in the U.S. The Federal Aviation Act of 1958 created the group under the name "Federal Aviation Agency", and adopted its current name in 1967 when it became a part of the United States Department of Transportation. The FAA is the single most influential government-run aviation agency in the world, with the European Aviation Safety Agency in a close second. +Major functions. +The FAA's roles include: + += = = North American Aerospace Defense Command = = = +North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) is a joint organization of Canada and the United States that provides aerospace warning and defense for North America. It was founded on May 12, 1958, as the North American Air Defense Command. Its main technical facility has been the Cheyenne Mountain Operations Center in Colorado, and for this reason NORAD is sometimes unofficially referred to as Cheyenne Mountain. + += = = Lower Manhattan = = = +Lower Manhattan (or downtown Manhattan) is the southernmost part of the island of Manhattan, the main island and center of business and government of the City of New York. Lower Manhattan or "downtown" is defined most commonly as the area delineated on the north by 14th Street, on the west by the Hudson River, on the east by the East River, and on the south by New York Harbor (also known as Upper New York Bay). +When referring specifically to the lower Manhattan business district such as Wall Street and its immediate environs, the northern border is commonly designated by thoroughfares approximately a mile-and-a-half (3 km) south of 14th Street and a mile (2 km) north of the island's southern tip: Chambers Street from near the Hudson east to the Brooklyn Bridge entrances and overpass. Two other major arteries are also sometimes identified as lower Manhattan's northern border: Canal Street, half a mile north of Chambers Street, and 23rd Street, half a mile north of 14th Street. + += = = Jules and Gedeon Naudet = = = +Jules Clément Naudet (born Paris, France, April 26, 1973) and Thomas Gédéon Naudet (born Paris, France, March 27, 1970) are French directors, screenwriters and producers. The brothers, residents of the United States since 1989, were in New York City at the time of the September 11 attacks. Jules captured footage of the first plane flying into the North tower of the World Trade Center. Jules is married to Jacqueline Longa, with two children. +The brothers graduated from Tisch School of the Arts in 1995. Their first film, "Hope, Gloves and Redemption," (2000) on boxers in the Bronx, included coverage of the 1998 New York Daily News Golden Gloves tournament. + += = = Flight recorder = = = +A flight recorder is a recorder placed in an aircraft to help with investigating an aircraft accident or incident. For this reason, they have to be capable of surviving extremely rough treatment. They are usually built to withstand an impact of 3600 "g" and temperatures of over 1,000 °C (as required by EUROCAE ED-112), because a powerful impact followed by a very hot fire is what often happens in a plane crash. +There are two types of protected Flight Recorder, Flight data recorder (FDR) and Cockpit voice recorder (CVR). In some cases, the two recorders may be combined in a single FDR/CVR unit. The first combined flight recorder was invented by Australian scientist, David Warren. +These recorders are often called "black boxes". They can be used in other vehicles including trains and cars. The car's recorder can monitor the speed of the car or the sharpness of turns. The train's recorder can be used to upgrade after a crash to reduce the chance of another crash. + += = = Flight number = = = +A flight number, when combined with the name of the airline and the date, identifies a particular flight. This callsign should not be confused with the tail number of the aircraft, although both can be used as a call-sign as used in general aviation. A particular aircraft may fly several different flights in one day, and different aircraft may be used for the same flight number on successive days. +Sometimes when an airplane has an accident, the airline will retire the flight number and replace it with a new number. + += = = Boeing 757 = = = +The Boeing 757 is a short to medium range narrow-body commercial passenger aircraft manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. It was launched by Eastern Air Lines and British Airways to replace the Boeing 727 and entered service in 1983. Production of the 757 ended on October 28, 2004 after 1,050 had been built. The final aircraft was delivered to Shanghai Airlines on November 28, 2005. As of July 2007, a total of 1,019 Boeing 757 aircraft were in airline service. + += = = List of National Hockey League arenas = = = +The following is a list of National Hockey League arenas including past, present, and future arenas: +Outdoor venues. +The following are outdoor venues that have hosted any of the following events: +Neutral venues. +The following are neutral venues that have hosted games that counted in the NHL regular season standings: + += = = DGamer = = = +DGamer (Disney Gamer) is an online service made by Disney for use with Nintendo DS games. DGamer can be seen via the Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection or computer via Disney.com. The service is implemented by Disney Interactive. +It was started in North America on May 15, 2008, at the same time as the release of the DS-version of "The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian". All future Disney Interactive Studios games will include DGamer features. + += = = Eastern Conference (NHL) = = = +The Eastern Conference () is one of two conferences in the National Hockey League (NHL) used to divide teams. Its counterpart is the Western Conference. + += = = Undrafted sportsperson = = = +An undrafted sportsperson or undrafted free agent is a type of sportsperson who plays, or tries to play, in a professional sports league. Every eligible player who is not chosen in their league's draft is an undrafted sportsperson. +Notable undrafted sportsperson. +"Note: These lists are not complete:" + += = = John Vanbiesbrouck = = = +John Vanbiesbrouck (born September 4, 1963 in Detroit, Michigan) is an American retired professional ice hockey goaltender, who was inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 2007. He's played for the New York Rangers, Florida Panthers, Philadelphia Flyers, New York Islanders, and New Jersey Devils. + += = = Pelle Lindbergh = = = +Per-Erik "Pelle" Lindbergh (, May 24, 1959 – November 11, 1985) was a Swedish professional ice hockey goaltender who played parts of five seasons in the NHL for the Philadelphia Flyers. +Awards. +The Philadelphia Flyers named an award, the Pelle Lindbergh Memorial, in his honor. Since 1993–94, it has been annually awarded to the most improved player on the team. +International Play. +1980 - Played for Sweden in the XIII Olympic Winter Games + += = = Wernher von Braun = = = +Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun (23 March 1912–16 June 1977) was a German engineer and scientist. He worked as a rocket designer between the 1930s and 1970s. Some people say he was the most important rocket engineer of the 20th century. He worked for the Nazis during World War II. After World War II, he went to the United States. There, he worked for NASA. In 1955, ten years after entering the country, von Braun became a US citizen. +He was one of the developers of the V-2 rocket, the first rocket to fly up to outer space. He also developed the Saturn V rocket, which took people to the moon in 1969. +Early life. +Von Braun was born in Wirsitz (today: "Wyrzysk") in Poland on 23 March 1912. His father was the General director of an important bank. During the Weimar Republic, his father was the minister for food and agriculture, Magnus Freiherr von Braun. Von Braun's mother was Emmy von Quistorp, the daughter of a member of the Prussian House of Lords. +In 1920, he moved to Berlin. During the first school years, von Braun attended a French secondary school in Berlin. At the age of 13, he got a telescope. This gift raised his interest in astronomy. Because of bad marks, von Braun had to attend a boarding school near Weimar, in 1925. He bought with his extra money the book "Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen" ("English: The Rocket into Interplanetary Space") by Hermann Oberth, which is the basis of the modern rocket research. In 1928, he attended the boarding school called Hermann-Lietz-Internat on the German island Spiekeroog. In 1930, he passed his final exams. +He started studying at the Technical University of Berlin in summer of 1930. Von Braun also studied at ETH Zurich, in 1931. At the end of September 1931, he went back to Berlin. +German career. +In 1933 von Braun began working on rockets for the German Army. On 27 July 1934, he received a Ph.D. from the Technical University of Berlin. "Max" and "Moritz", two rockets developed by him, went as high as in December 1934. The tests were made in a small village in Kummersdorf, Germany. In 1936, von Braun and his team developed the next generation of rockets, the A-3. The test area in Kummersdorf was too small for this newly-developed rocket. Together with his team of about 90 people, he had to move to a bigger test area in Peenemünde. +In 1937, with the Nazis in power, he joined the S.S.. Von Braun worked in Peenemünde between 1937 and 1945. There, he started to develop a new rocket called A4 (Aggregat 4). After some tests, the rocket was renamed to V-2. The "V" is for the German word "Vergeltung", which means revenge. This was the first long range ballistic missile to be used in war. It was able to carry a one ton warhead up to 50 miles into the air, and travel hundreds of miles to a target. In 1943, Germany started a mass production of this rocket using thousands of concentration camp prisoners as factory workers. They fired thousands of these rockets at targets in Antwerp and Great Britain, especially London. More than 1700 V-2 rockets landed on Antwerp, killing more than 3,700 people. Von Braun and his team started to develop the new generations of these rockets, the V-9 and V-10, which were for targets in the US. +American career. +Early years. +Von Braun and about 100 other scientists were brought to America in 1945 after they surrendered. They began to work for the United States Army at Fort Bliss, Texas, where they instructed American soldiers in launching captured V-2s. He became an American citizen in 1955. During the 1950s, von Braun tried to get support for an American space program. When the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the United States finally started a space program. At first, the Navy was in charge, but their first Vanguard satellite was destroyed when the rocket blew up on the launch pad in December 1957. The satellite program was given to the army, and the more experienced von Braun was able to start work with the rest of his team. The Redstone rocket put a satellite into orbit on January 31, 1958. +Huntsville and NASA. +In 1950 Von Braun started work at the Army's new Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama, which later became NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center. There, he and his team developed the Redstone missile, similar to the V-2. In 1959, Von Braun and other Germans were transferred to NASA along with all Army space activities. His final and most successful rocket was the Saturn V, which carried astronauts to the moon. However, after the Apollo 11 Moon landing in 1969, public support for the space program declined. In 1972, von Braun retired from NASA and went to work with Fairchild Industries, in Maryland. +Later years. +In 1972, von Braun left NASA. He started to work in the private sector. He retired from work in January 1977 because he was sick. That year, he died at age 65 of colon cancer. +After his death. +Von Braun's work was able to give humankind a wider view into the universe. His rockets continued to be made mostly as missiles. More of them were actually used for satellite launches, moon landings, and deep space exploration. + += = = Pete Peeters = = = +Peter H. Peeters (born 1 August, 1957 in Edmonton, Alberta) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender who was one of the NHL's most colourful characters in the 1980s. +Peeters was drafted 135th overall by the Philadelphia Flyers in the 1977 NHL Amateur Draft after playing for the Medicine Hat Tigers of the WCHL. Peeters played in 489 career NHL games, with a record of 246 wins, 155 losses and 51 ties. He also registered 21 shutouts and a 3.08 Goals Against Average. Peeters also played several years for the Washington Capitals. + += = = National Football League Most Valuable Player Award = = = +The National Football League Most Valuable Player Award is an award by different entities, most notably the Associated Press, to the player who is thought to be the most valuable player in the league. +NFL's Most Valuable Players. +The Joe F. Carr Trophy. +The NFL awarded the Joe F. Carr Trophy (named for the league president, 1921-39) to the league's ABC from 1938 to 1946. +As awarded by United Press International. +United Press International gave an NFL MVP Award from 1948 through 1969, excepting 1949-50, and 1952. Beginning in 1970 UPI awarded separate awards for the NFC and AFC. In 1975 UPI added a Defensive Player of the Year Award for both the NFC and AFC. +As awarded by Newspaper Enterprise Association. +This award ran from 1955 through 1996 and was a poll of NFL players. The award winner is given with the Jim Thorpe Trophy (different from the collegiate football's Jim Thorpe Award). Beginning in 1997 the Jim Thorpe Trophy was given by the Jim Thorpe Association, with the winner determined by a "vote of NFLPA representatives". + += = = List of NHL statistical leaders = = = +This is a list of National Hockey League (NHL) statistical leaders through the end of the 2006–07 season. Statistics from the 2007–08 season will be included after that season is completed. +Most of these records are held by Canadian players, due to the traditional popularity of ice hockey in Canada. In the past, most NHL players were from Canada, and even today roughly half of all NHL players are born in Canada (52.0% in the 2007–08 season). To distinguish players of different nations, a flag is placed beside players born outside of Canada; the Canadian flag () will not be shown next to Canadian players in order to avoid clutter. +Skaters. +The statistics listed include the 2006–07 NHL season and the 2006–07 NHL playoffs Active skaters (as of September 2007) are listed in boldface. +All-time leaders (skaters). +Regular season points. +"Career points-per-game average greater than/equal to 1.25 (as of September 2007) are listed in boldface." +Goalies. +The statistics listed include the 2006–07 NHL season and the 2006–07 NHL playoffs Active goalies (as of September 2007) are listed in boldface. +Coaches. +The statistics listed include the 2006–07 NHL season and the 2006–07 NHL playoffs Active coaches (as of September 2007) are listed in boldface. + += = = Trent Green = = = +Trent Jason Green (born July 9, 1970 in Cedar Rapids, Iowa) is a retired American football quarterback that played for the San Diego Chargers, Washington Redskins, St. Louis Rams, Kansas City Chiefs and Miami Dolphins of the National Football League. He was first drafted by the San Diego Chargers in the eighth round of the 1993 NFL Draft. He played college football at Indiana. +Green has also played for has also played for the BC Lions, Washington Redskins, Kansas City Chiefs and Miami Dolphins. He earned a Super Bowl ring during his first stint with the Rams and was selected to two Pro Bowls with the Chiefs. He retired on June 12, 2009 and is currently serving as a color analyst on the regional NFL games for the Fox network and also as a studio analyst for the NFL Total Access show on the NFL Network. +Professional career. +Early career (San Diego Chargers, BC Lions, Washington Redskins). +In 1993, Green was drafted as the twenty-sixth pick in the eighth round and 222nd overall by the San Diego Chargers. He spent a year as a backup and saw no playing time. After being cut in 1994 by the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League, he joined the Washington Redskins. Outside of one pass thrown in 1997, he would not see NFL action until 1998, when he threw for 3,441 yards, 23 touchdowns, and 11 interceptions. +Green's breakout season came just in time, as he became an unrestricted free agent after the 1998 season. He rejected a 4-year, $12 million offer from the Redskins. +First stint with Rams. +On February 15, 1999, Green agreed to a 4-year $17.5 million contract with the St. Louis Rams which included a $4.5 million signing bonus. +In 1999, Green was slated to be the starter for the Rams, but suffered a gruesome season-ending knee injury in a preseason game on a hit by Rodney Harrison of the Chargers. Unheralded backup Kurt Warner took over for Green, and led the Rams to a 13–3 season culminating in a dramatic 23–16 victory over the Tennessee Titans in Super Bowl XXXIV. +In 2000, Green began the season as the backup to Warner, the reigning NFL MVP. He started five games in the middle of the season while Warner was out with a broken hand. Green and Warner combined to lead the Rams to the then-highest team passing yards total in NFL history. With Warner back at quarterback, the Rams were upset in the wild card round by the New Orleans Saints. Green was traded during the offseason to the Kansas City Chiefs for the 12th overall pick in the 2001 NFL Draft. +Kansas City Chiefs. +During his first season in Kansas City, Green struggled despite the presence of tight end Tony Gonzalez, and running back Priest Holmes. He threw for 3,783 yards and 17 touchdowns, but also threw 24 interceptions. Green showed marked improvement in 2002, throwing 26 touchdowns to only 13 interceptions as the Chiefs went 8-8. Also notable, Green tied the record for longest career pass play in NFL history (99 yards) on December 22, 2002, on a pass to Marc Boerigter in a game against the San Diego Chargers. In 2003, Green had his breakout year, throwing for 4,039 yards, 24 touchdowns, and 12 interceptions. He led the Chiefs to a 13–3 record and a first-round bye in the playoffs. However, in the divisional playoff game, they lost a 38–31 shootout to Peyton Manning and the Indianapolis Colts. The game was notable for there being no punts by either team, a first in NFL playoff history. Green was elected to his first Pro Bowl that year. The next season, the Chiefs went 7–9 as Priest Holmes suffered a knee injury in their eighth game against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Tampa, Florida and missed the rest of the regular season. At the time, he was leading the league in both rushing and scoring. However, Green still had a stellar year, passing for 4,591 yards, 27 touchdowns, and 17 interceptions. His passing total for 2004 was second only to Minnesota's Daunte Culpepper. +In 2005, the Chiefs, with an improved defense, improved their record to 10–6, but failed to make the playoffs. Green had another strong season in 2005, throwing for 4,010 yards (second only to New England's Tom Brady), and throwing just 10 interceptions, his lowest season total ever. Green was elected to his second Pro Bowl following the season. Green has the distinction of having four consecutive seasons with a QB rating of 90.0 or better, three of those with over 4,000 passing yards. Green has started 80 consecutive games during his first five years with the Chiefs, a team record. +Green's 2006 season was put in jeopardy by a severe concussion he suffered during on September 10, 2006, against the Cincinnati Bengals in Kansas City. Green attempted to slide during a third-quarter play, but was hit hard by Cincinnati defensive end Robert Geathers, who had lowered his shoulders, but instead struck the quarterback in an unusual position. However, the official determined that no foul had been committed and Geathers insisted that he had tried to check up, but was pushed by Chiefs receiver Eddie Kennison. CBS announcer Randy Cross, a former offensive lineman with the San Francisco 49ers, believed the hit was unintentional and supported the officials' decision. National Football League officials took the same position and, on September 13, 2006, declined to fine Robert Geathers because he did not have complete control of his body. Green was rendered unconscious and the game was delayed for over fifteen minutes while he received medical attention. He reportedly regained consciousness in the tunnel and could not recall the play. According to Chiefs general manager Carl Peterson, preliminary doctor's visits revealed a "very, very severe concussion" and stated that Green would be out indefinitely. +On Saturday, October 21, 2006, it was reported that Green was cleared by doctors to return to practice. Chiefs president and general manager Carl Peterson said that this does not mean that he is cleared to play. Peterson confirmed that Green's return to practice would be in a controlled environment to see how far along he is in his recovery from a "very, very severe concussion." +On November 15, 2006, Kansas City Chiefs head coach, Herman Edwards announced that Green would take back his starting quarterback job from Damon Huard who took over when Green suffered a concussion. +Green's career in Kansas City ended with another playoff loss against Peyton Manning and the Indianapolis Colts in the Wild-Card round of the 2006 NFL Playoffs. +On February 27, 2007, Damon Huard was re-signed by the Chiefs for $7.5 million over 3 years, causing a "quarterback controversy" in Kansas City. Green initially was asked to take a pay cut in his 2007 salary, and had been granted permission to seek a trade to another team. Teams interested included the Miami Dolphins (who offered a seventh-round draft pick to the Chiefs, but the Chiefs declined, instead seeking a fifth-round pick), the Detroit Lions, and Cleveland Browns were also interested in Green prior to the 2007 NFL Draft. Green was not traded on draft weekend as previously expected. Green said he would not return to Kansas City, therefore making his release possible. Green had told the Chiefs that Miami was his preference being that he previously worked under both head coach Cam Cameron and quarterbacks coach Terry Shea. +Miami Dolphins. +On June 5, 2007, the Chiefs agreed to trade Green to the Miami Dolphins for a conditional fifth-round pick in the 2008 NFL Draft, pending a physical from Green which was subsequently passed. Green was introduced at a news conference in Miami on June 6. The draft pick would have become a fourth-round pick if Green played more than 70 percent of Miami's offensive plays. On August 20 the Dolphins named Green the starter with Cleo Lemon named as his backup, despite the fact that neither of them had thrown a touchdown pass to that point in pre-season play. Second-round pick John Beck was named third string. +Green's position with his new team—as well as his career—was instantly put in jeopardy on October 7 as he suffered another severe concussion early in a game against the Texans at Houston. With just under 4 minutes to play in the first quarter, Green put his shoulder low to the knees of 315-pound Houston defensive tackle Travis Johnson in a successful attempt to block him on a play that started with a fumbled handoff to Dolphins rookie wide receiver Ted Ginn Jr.. Ginn, who was running right-to-left across the backfield when the exchange was fumbled, recovered the ball near the sidelines and then reversed field. Johnson went down in a sprawling tumble on the block at the same time Green fell face-down to the turf, knocked out cold after striking Johnson's knee with his helmet. Johnson, upon getting up and seeing Ginn had been stopped and the play ended, immediately walked towards Green's body, jabbing his finger at the motionless quarterback. Johnson was flagged with a 15-yard penalty for taunting, and medical personnel quickly made their way to Green. After being examined on the field for nearly five minutes, Green was carted off on a stretcher as Cleo Lemon stepped in to take his place. +After the game an angry Travis Johnson had harsh words for Green, comparing him to "the scarecrow [who] wants to get courage" and calling the block "malicious." Texans head coach Gary Kubiak, while in some ways siding with Johnson in saying that NFL officials should review the rules on "chop" blocks, also called Johnson's reaction over a fallen player "inexcusable." +While many fans and sportswriters alike called for Green to retire, Green was back with the team in practice, albeit in street clothes, the Friday after the injury after returning from Kansas City where he was evaluated by the same medical team that made the diagnosis in 2006. Coach Cam Cameron had initially expressed his plans for Green to return to the game before the end of the 2007 season. However, on October 20, 2007, the Dolphins announced that Green would be placed on injured reserve, and made Cleo Lemon their starting quarterback. Following the season, Green became one of nine players released by the Dolphins on February 11, 2008. +Second stint with Rams. +On March 10, 2008, Green agreed to a three-year deal worth about $9 million with the St. Louis Rams, rejoining the team he played for in 1999 and 2000. On September 23, 2008, Green was named the starter for week 4 versus the Buffalo Bills. He completed 17 of 32 passes for 236 yards with one interception and a quarterback rating of 64.1. On November 9, 2008, against the Jets, Green took over for Marc Bulger after Bulger was shut out by the Jets in the first half. The Rams released Green on February 25, 2009. +Retirement. +Green retired from professional football on June 12, 2009, citing a desire to pursue a career in broadcasting. Green's agent, Jim Steiner, said "He had a long, prosperous, very successful career. He believes he can still play, but the demand isn't real high out there right now and he's not the type of guy who is going to sit around for four or five months waiting for the phone to ring." +Post-NFL career. +In the 2009 NFL season, Green started doing work as a color analyst on regional NFL games for the Fox network for one season, as well as a studio analyst for the "NFL Total Access" show on the NFL Network. He also worked with Ian Eagle calling "Thursday Night Football" games on Westwood One radio and with Paul Burmeister on Kansas City Chiefs preseason broadcasts. In April 2014, Green was hired by CBS as an NFL analyst alongside Greg Gumbel, and later with Kevin Harlan. +In July 2012, Green was named the forty-first greatest quarterback of the NFL's post-merger era, according to Football Nation. +On November 22, 2016, Green was named the Big Ten's Dungy-Thompson Humanitarian Award winner. +Personal life. +Green has 2 sons and a daughter. One son, Trent Jr. (T.J.), is a quarterback for Northwestern. His other son Derek, is a quarterback at SMU. + += = = Toy Story 3 = = = +Toy Story 3 (also known as Toy Story 3: The Great Escape) is an American computer-animated movie. It was released by Pixar Animation Studios on June 18, 2010. It is a sequel to "Toy Story" and "Toy Story 2". In 2019, a sequel titled "Toy Story 4" was released. +Plot. +A 17-year old Andy is packing for college and his toys, who have not been played with in a long time, feel forgotten and abandoned. Andy decides to take Woody with him to college and intends to store the other toys in the attic. A misunderstanding with Andy's slightly aged mother results in the other toys being thrown away, making them think they are no longer wanted; they escape and decide to climb in a box to be donated to a daycare center called Sunnyside, along with Woody. +Andy's toys are welcomed by the numerous toys at Sunnyside, and given a tour of the seemingly perfect play-setting by Lots-o'-Huggin' Bear (aka "Lotso"), Lotso's chief enforcer Big Baby, and the smooth-talking Ken, the last of which Barbie falls in love with. All of the toys are quickly enamored with their new home, leaving Woody to try to return to Andy on his own. However, Woody is picked up outside the school by a little girl named Bonnie Anderson. She takes him home and plays with him along with her other toys, who are well treated, happy, and readily welcome Woody. Woody is elated until he hears about Lotso from Chuckles the Clown. Lotso, along with Big Baby and Chuckles, were once accidentally lost by their original owner, Daisy. The three found their way back to their owner's home. However, Lotso saw that he had been replaced. Even though Chuckles realized the truth, an embittered Lotso convinced Big Baby that they were abandoned. They used Big Baby's size to help him take control of the toys at Sunnyside in the fashion of organized crime. Worried for his friends, Woody hurries back to the daycare and finds that they have been put on task to be played with the rambunctious, toy-abusing youngest toddlers. They are also kept under guard at night by Buzz who Lotso has reverted to a demonstration state to destroy his memories, restoring his original "Space Ranger" persona and allying with him. +Woody rejoins his friends and they work out an escape plan involving the garbage dumpster. In the process, Buzz is accidentally reset into a Spanish-speaking mode during an attempt to restore him to normal. The toys reach the dumpster, but are headed off by Lotso and his evil henchmen. As a garbage truck approaches, Woody explains to Big Baby that Lotso has lied to him and that his owner still loved him, whereupon Big Baby, Ken and the other Sunnyside toys turn on Lotso and push him into the dumpster. However, Lotso manages to pull Woody in with him just as the garbage truck collects the dumpster. Woody's friends board the truck to rescue him, during which Buzz is hit by a falling television while saving Jessie, finally returning to his old self. The toys find themselves at the local landfill. They are soon pulled onto a conveyor belt leading to an incinerator. They help Lotso to reach an emergency stop button. Instead, he escapes and leaves them to be burned. Believing they are at their final moments, the toys join hands. They are rescued just in time by the squeeze toy aliens using a giant crane. The toys return to Andy's home, while Lotso is found by a garbage truck driver and is tied to its front grille as a decoration. +At Andy's house, Woody climbs back into the box with Andy's college supplies while the other toys resign themselves to the attic. Woody has a last minute inspiration. He leaves a note to Andy on the toys' box. Andy, mistaking it for a note from his mom, takes the box to Bonnie's home, introduces his old toys to Bonnie and gives her the toys to play with. In the end, Bonnie recognizes Woody, laying at the bottom of the box, to Andy's surprise. Andy is initially reluctant to give him to her. He eventually does so and then spends some time playing with her before he departs. Woody watches Andy's car while it disappears into the distance and quietly says a last "so long, partner." Woody and the other toys find themselves wanted and played with again. They learn through notes passed in Bonnie's backpack that Barbie, Ken, and Big Baby have turned around the life of all the toys at Sunnyside for the better. + += = = Walt Disney Studios = = = +The name Walt Disney Studios could mean: + += = = Cars (movie) = = = +Cars is a 2006 movie made by Pixar. In it, cars are living beings and there are no humans. The movie is about Lightning McQueen, a racecar who is on his way to California where he is scheduled to race for the Piston Cup. He gets lost on his way and finds himself in Radiator Springs, a fictional town on Route 66. There, he makes new friends who help him get to his Piston Cup race. +Plot. +"Cars" follows Lightning McQueen, a hotshot race car, stranded in Radiator Springs, a forgotten town along Route 66. To leave, he must fix the town's road, but along the way, he discovers the value of friendship and community. The film explores themes of humility, slowing down, and finding joy in the journey rather than just the destination. +Sequels and spin-offs. +A sequel, "Cars 2", was released on June 24, 2011. A second sequel, "Cars 3", was released on June 16, 2017. Both sequels were also made by Pixar. +A spin-off movie, "Planes," was released on August 9, 2013. Its sequel "" was released on July 18, 2014. The "Planes" movies were made by DisneyToon Studios and not by Pixar. A third film was planned, but was cancelled due to the closure of DisneyToon Studios in June 2018. +There has also been a spin-off television program on the "Disney Channel" called "". +Cast. +In the additional voices part, Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, John Ratzenberger, Billy Crystal, John Goodman and Dave Foley reprise their roles from previous Pixar movies. In fact, there's a scene during the credits where Mack watches car-versions of earlier Pixar hits, commenting on the fine actor in each scene before realizing it's the same actor playing different characters in each movie. +Additional voices were also provided by: +Jack Angel, Michael Bell, Bob Bergen, Susan Blu, Rodger Bumpass, Torbin Xan Bullock, John Cygan, Jennifer Darling, Paul Eiding, Bill Farmer, Teresa Ganzel, Craig Good, Jess Harnell, Erik Langley, Sherry Lynn, Danny Mann, Mickie T. McGowan, Laraine Newman, Teddy Newton, Colleen O'Shaughnessey, Jan Rabson, Stephen Schaffer, Ken Schretzmann, Bob Scott, Jay Ward and Jim Ward also provided additional voices. + += = = A Bug's Life = = = +A Bug's Life is a 1998 movie made by Pixar. It follows the conflict between ants and grasshoppers in the world of insects. It is a retelling of a fable by Aesop, "The Ant and the Grasshopper". +Home media. +This released on VHS and DVD on November 13, 2001. +Production. +"A Bug's Life" was first considered in 1988, as a short movie to be based on Aesop's fable, but it was delayed by "Toy Story". Almost a year after its release, Disney made an agreement with Pixar to make movies together. John Lasseter, Andrew Stanton, Pete Doctor, and Joe Ranft brought up the project idea, "A Bug's Life" in late 1994. The ideas for "Monsters, Inc.", "Finding Nemo" and "WALL-E" were also brought up and the three decided to have the grasshoppers demand food instead of begging for it, as it is in the fable. Akira Kurosawa's "Seven Samurai" helped influence the project. A basic story treatment was completed in 1995, and production began soon after. The movie had many technical challenges. One of the biggest technical triumphs was the simulation of crowds of ants. It would be impossible for an animator to animate every single ant in a crowd of thousands. So the technical supervisors came up with a computer program that would make every single ant in the crowd different in small ways; for example, different eye color, skin color, weight, or height. They would also build several ants that could be animated. When randomly distributed through the crowds, these ants appear to be blinking, talking, or looking in different directions. +Awards. +! scope="row" | 1999 +! scope="row" | 2000 +! scope="row" | 1999 +! scope="row" | 1999 +! scope="row" | 1999 +! scope="row" | 1999 +! scope="row" | 1999 +! scope="row" | 1998 +! scope="row" | 1998 +! scope="row" | 1999 +! scope="row" | 1999 +! scope="row" | 1998 +! scope="row" | 1999 + += = = No Country for Old Men (movie) = = = +No Country for Old Men is a 2007 movie made by the Coen Brothers. It won "Best Picture", "Best Director", and "Best Adapted Screenplay" at the 2007 Academy Awards. + += = = Council for Christian Colleges and Universities = = = +This is a list of colleges and universities in the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities: + += = = Oak Ridge Associated Universities = = = +Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) is a group of colleges and universities which work with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. ORAU manages the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) for the United States Department of Energy. ORAU is made up of the following : + += = = Indiana University Bloomington = = = +Indiana University Bloomington is a public university in Bloomington, Indiana. It is the largest university in a group also called "Indiana University." + += = = Afonso Pena International Airport = = = +The Afonso Pena International Airport is a Brazilian airport. It is the most important airport in the southern region of the country. It is Curitiba's major airport. The airport is located 18 kilometres southeast from the downtown, in the city of São José dos Pinhais. The airport includes a small museum, a playcenter and a small shopping center with 60 stores inside the main terminal. + += = = Federal University of Paraná = = = +The Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR ("Federal University of Paraná") is the oldest Brazilian university. It is located in the Southern Brazilian state of Paraná. The university was created on December 19, 1912. Its facilities are scattered over the capital Curitiba and other cities of the state. + += = = Twelfth grade = = = +Twelfth grade (called Grade 12 in some places, also known as senior year in the United States and Australia) is the last year of secondary education in the United States, as well as many other nations. Students are usually 17 when they start and are 18 years old at the end. + += = = Depth chart = = = +In sports, a depth chart is a chart used to show the lineup of the starting players and the secondary players. Most often a starting player will be listed first or on top, while a back-up player will be listed below. + += = = Stepfamily = = = +A stepfamily is a family that gets a parent through a new marriage, whether the parent was widowed or divorced, or had not married his child's other parent. For example, if a girl's mother dies and her father marries another woman, the woman is her stepmother. + += = = Breeches = = = +Breeches (pronounced or ) is a type of clothing that males wear that covers the body from the waist down, with different coverings for each leg, usually stopping just below the knee, though sometimes reaching to the ankles. The breeching of a young boy, at an age somewhere between six and eight, was a completion in his childhood. + += = = Waist = = = +The waist is the part of the abdomen between the rib cage and hips that humans have. + += = = Aircraft registration = = = +An aircraft registration is a unique alphanumeric string that identifies an aircraft, in similar fashion to a licence plate on an automobile. In accordance with the Convention on International Civil Aviation all aircraft must be registered with a national authority (such as the Federal Aviation Administration or Transport Canada), and furthermore, they must carry proof of this registration in the form of a legal document called a Certificate of Registration at all times when in operation. Most countries also require the aircraft registration to be imprinted on a permanent fireproof plate mounted on the fuselage for the purposes of post-fire/post-crash aircraft accident investigation. + += = = List of medical abbreviations = = = +Medical abbreviations are a shorthand way of writing and talking by medical professionals (people who work to help sick people) to hurry explanation of diseases (sickness), patients, or medicines (drugs). +This shorthand can include shortening (making less lengthy) of longer disease names, by cutting the word down to its base (the Latin or Greek part that makes it). Medical professionals also create (make) words that mean something. An example of this is "stat", used to indicate (show) that something needs to be hurried (done faster). It is from the Latin "base word" statim, meaning quick. A very commonly (often) used shorthand is shortening things on order forms for patients. An example is, "pre-op" meaning |pre-operation| (patient who is being prepared for surgery). These can be very complicated and extensive (meaning there is a lot of them). +Despite the fact that this shorthand might make it difficult for new Interns (new doctors) or recently trained nurses to get used to this unofficial language, it has been shown to improve (make better) the speed of treatment in hospitals. +Medical authorities in the United Kingdom and elsewhere have questioned the use of medical shorthand; believing that it can lead to mistakes being made due to less clear communication and have advised doctors to avoid its use. +Medications. +How to take medications. +Medications can be given in different ways (routes). Abbreviations for the most common routes are: +When to take medications. +Doctors use many different abbreviations to say when to take a medication. It is helpful to remember that doctors use the letter "q" to stand for "every. For example, "qAM" stands for "every AM" (morning). +Here are some of the most common: +Drugs & medications. +Some drugs and medications have common abbreviations. Here are some examples: +About the body. +Common abbreviations that have to do with the human body include: +Medical specialties. +There are many different kinds of medical specialties. These are kinds of doctors that treat people with certain kinds of problems. Abbreviations for medical specialties include: +Health problems. +Many health problems have common abbreviations. For example: +Infections. +Common abbreviations for infections include: +Mental health problems. +Common abbreviations for mental health problems include: +Tests & treatments. +Doctors often talk about common medical tests and treatments by using abbreviations. Examples of these abbreviations include: +Other abbreviations. +Other abbreviations used in medicine include: + += = = Paternoster = = = +A Paternoster is a type of elevator. Its design is different from that of other elevators. It has several cabins that constantly move up and down. They are linked on a chain. People can stop on or off at any floor they like. +Paternosters have advantages and disadvantages. As an advantage, it is always possible to take them in either direction. Since the elevator moves at a slow speed, it is slower than a modern elevator. It takes longer to get to distant floors. Also, using a paternoaster takes some training. Paternosters are nearly impossible to use for disabled people. + += = = Maremma = = = +Maremma is an area in Italy, consisting of part of southern Tuscany and some part of northern Lazio. + += = = Hurtova Lhota = = = +Hurtova Lhota is a village in the Havlíčkův Brod District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 224 people live there. It covers . Hurtova Lhota was first documented in 1436. + += = = Nová Ves u Světlé = = = +Nová Ves u Světlé is a village in the Havlíčkův Brod District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 467 people live there. It covers 7,58 km2. Nová Ves u Světlé was first documented in 1378. + += = = Hamilton Academical F.C. = = = +Hamilton Academical is a football team from Hamilton, Lanarkshire in Scotland. They were first set up in 1874 from Hamilton Academy. More commonly known as "Hamilton Accies" the team won promotion from SFL Division 2 to SFL Division 1 in the 2003-04 season. This was followed up by promotion to the Scottish Premier League in the 2007-08 season. The club have played at New Douglas Park from 2001, having previously played at Douglas Park. + += = = Worf = = = +Worf is a ' and ' character. He is played by Michael Dorn. He serves on the starship Enterprise as Lieutenant Junior Grade. Worf is the first Klingon main character to appear in Star Trek, and has appeared in more Star Trek episodes than any other character. +Character story. +Worf is the son of Mogh. When Worf was a child, his parents and family were killed by the Romulan attack on the Khitomer outpost. Worf, his nanny Kahlest, and his brother Kurn survived the attack. Worf was then adopted by a human couple, Sergey and Helena Rozhenko while his brother was raised in the Klingon homeworld; this was not revealed until they were both adults. Although Worf never took the Rozhenko's last name, for he preferred to be addressed as "Worf, son of Mogh". It was during his time on gault that the 13-year-old Worf, captain of his school's soccer team accidentally killed another boy during a championship by throwing himself at him as the two children ran after the ball which flew in the air. This was something Worf would never forget. + += = = Azmi Bishara = = = +Azmi Bishara (, , born July 22, 1956), is an Arab Israeli politician. He is a Palestinian and an Israeli citizen. Bishara was a member of the Israeli Knesset (MK) as a member of the Balad party from 1996 to April 2007. He is also the leader of that political party. +His resignation happened during news that the Israeli security services said he had committed many crimes. The news at that time did not say what the crimes were. It was later said that the crimes were treason and espionage. Because he resigned, Bishara lost his parliamentary immunity. He was not in Israel when this happened and chose not to go back to Israel at that time. He has said that he does want to return. +Early life. +Bishara was born in Nazareth. He created the first National Committee of Arab High School Students. In 1974, he was in charge of that group. In 1976, he helped create the Committee for the Defense of Arab Lands and the first National Arab Student Union. +In the 1970s, Bishara studied at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was the head of the Arab Student Union and was active in the Jewish-Arab student group Campus. At the time, Bishara was a member of the Israeli Communist party Rakah (now part of Hadash), and supported an Internationalist-Marxist political agenda. +Upon finishing his Ph.D in philosophy at Humboldt University of Berlin in 1986, he joined the faculty of Bir Zeit University. He was in charge of the Philosophy and Cultural Studies Department for two years, from 1994 to 1996. He has also worked as a senior researcher at the Van Leer Institute in Jerusalem. +Political career. +Bishara was a Knesset member from the fourteenth Knesset (first seating June 17 1996) until April 22, 2007. He was the most important member of his political party, the National Democratic Assembly (NDA-Balad) in the Knesset during this time. +Bishara was the first Arab citizen of Israel to try to become Prime Minister. He tried to become Prime Minister in the 1999 election, but stopped two days before election day. +The Central Elections Committee (CEC) said that MKs Ahmad Tibi and Azmi Bishara, as well as Bishara's party, Balad, could not be elected for the 16th Knesset in 2003. Attorney General Elyakim Rubinstein agreed with this and had also tried to stop them from being allowed to be elected. The CEC said that they believed that Bishara and Balad wanted "to destroy the Jewish character of the state and supported the armed struggle against it". The Israeli Supreme Court said this was wrong and that they could be elected. +Visits to Syria. +Bishara went to Syria in 2001. He gave a speech at a memorial ceremony for Syrian President Hafez al-Assad where he showed support for Hezbollah. When he got back to Israel, the government said that he was guilty of trying to cause violence and supporting a terrorist organization, as defined by Israel's Prevention of Terror Ordinance. +Bishara went back to Syria in September 2006. While he was there, he said that Israel might attack Syria in more than one place to try to fix problems in Israel and show other countries that it would not be a good idea to attack it. He also went to Lebanon. He told the Lebanese prime minister that Hizbullah fighting against Israel has "lifted the spirit of the Arab people". Soon after this, Interior Minister Roni Bar-On asked Attorney General Menachem Mazuz see if Balad MKs Azmi Bashara, Jamal Zahalka and Wassel Taha were guilty of any crimes because of their visit to Syria. He did this because after Bashara's visit to Syria in 2001, the Knesset made a law that said that MKs could not go to any enemy countries. +Resignation from Knesset and Suspicion of High Treason. +On April 22, 2007, Bishara resigned from the Knesset at the Israeli Embassy in Cairo, Egypt. He did this after a police investigation of foreign people he knew and talk with. It was also said that he helped the enemy during wartime, gave information on to the enemy and laundered money he got from foreign sources. It was said that he might stay out of Israel because he did not want to go to jail and because it would end his political career." He also said that he believed he would not get a fair trial. +Court documents say that Bishara was questioned two times about the case. During the second time, he said that he was going to leave Israel for a couple of days. He said he would attend a third questioning session when he got back to Israel. +Bishara talked to a group of supporters in Nazareth using a telephone in April 2007. He told the thousands of supporters that, "My guilt is that I love my homeland... our intellect and our words are our weapons. Never in my life did I draw a gun or kill anyone." +Awards. +Bishara was awarded the “Ibn Rushd 'Averroes' Prize for Freedom of Thought” for the year 2002 in Berlin, and the Global Exchange Human Rights Award for the year 2003 in San Francisco. + += = = Peterhead F.C. = = = +Peterhead Football Club is a professional football club from Peterhead, Scotland. Peterhead FC is currently playing in the Scottish Second Division. + += = = 1983–84 NHL season = = = +The 1983–84 NHL season was the 67th season of the National Hockey League. Twenty-one teams each played 80 games. The Edmonton Oilers beat the four-time defending Stanley Cup champion New York Islanders four games to one in the Cup finals. +Regular season. +Final standings. +"Note: GP = Games played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; GF = Goals for; GA = Goals against; Pts = Points; PIM = Penalties in minutes" +Scoring leaders. +"Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points" +Stanley Cup playoffs. +Finals. +Edmonton wins series 4–1 and Stanley Cup +Mark Messier (Edmonton) wins Conn Smythe Trophy +First games. +The following is a list of players of note who played their first NHL game in 1983–84 (listed with their first team, stars(*) mark start in playoffs): +Last games. +The following is a list of players of note that played their last game in the NHL in 1983–84 (listed with their last team): + += = = Northeast Division (NHL) = = = +The NHL's Northeast Division was formed in 1993 as part of the Eastern Conference in a league adjustment, the predecessor of which was the Adams Division. Although none of its members have won the Stanley Cup since the adjustment, its members account for a combined 42 Stanley Cup championships (24 by Montreal, 13 by Toronto, and 5 by Boston), which is the most championships of any division in the NHL. +Division lineups. +2013 realignment. +The Northeast Division was dissolved as the league realigned into two conferences with two divisions each. All five teams were moved into the new Atlantic Division. + += = = Northwest Division (NHL) = = = +The NHL's Northwest Division was formed in 1998 as part of the Western Conference due to expansion. +Division lineups. +2013 realignment. +The Northwest Division was dissolved as the league realigned into two conferences with two divisions each. The division's Canadian teams (the Calgary Flames, Edmonton Oilers, and Vancouver Canucks) were moved back to the Pacific Division, while the division's American teams (the Colorado Avalanche and Minnesota Wild) joined the Central Division. + += = = Pacific Division (NHL) = = = +The National Hockey League's Pacific Division is one of two divisions that make up the Western Conference. It was formed in 1993 as part of league realignment. The Pacific Division is the surviving successor of the Smythe Division; the now-defunct Northwest Division was the other successor. Of Pacific Division teams that existed in 1993, only the Anaheim Ducks never played in the Smythe Division (the Arizona Coyotes played in the Smythe when they were the original Winnipeg Jets). +The Pacific Division is centered around the Southwestern United States and Western Canada, with three teams based in California, two in Alberta, and one each in Arizona, British Columbia, and Nevada. +The San Jose Sharks have the most Pacific Division titles, with six. Five Stanley Cup winners have come from the Pacific Division: the Stars in 1999, the Colorado Avalanche in 1996, the Anaheim Ducks in 2007, and the Los Angeles Kings in 2012 and 2014. +Division lineups. +2017–present. +Changes from the 2016–17 season. +Changes from 2021-22 season +Pacific Division titles won by team. +"Teams in bold are currently in the division." + += = = Atlantic Division (NHL) = = = +The NHL's Atlantic Division was formed in 1993 as part of the Eastern Conference in a league realignment, the predecessor of which was the Patrick Division. It was changed in 2013 with the league's realignment. +Atlantic Division titles won by team. +Teams in bold are currently in the division. + += = = Central Division (NHL) = = = +The NHL's Central Division was formed in 1993 as part of the Western Conference in a league realignment, the predecessor of which was the Norris Division. It is the only division with 7 teams, the other 3 in the league having 8. +Central Division titles won by team. +Teams in bold are currently in the division. + += = = Southeast Division (NHL) = = = +The NHL's Southeast Division was formed in 1998 as part of the Eastern Conference due to expansion. +Division lineups. +1998–1999. +Changes from the 1998–99 season. +The Carolina Hurricanes relocate to Raleigh, North Carolina +2013 realignment. +The NHL dissolved the Southeast Division as the league realigned into two conferences with two divisions each. The Winnipeg Jets moved to the Western Conference and the Central Division. The Florida Panthers and Tampa Bay Lightning were placed into the new Atlantic Division. The Carolina Hurricanes and Washington Capitals were placed in the newly formed Metropolitan Division. + += = = List of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame = = = +This is a list of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame. The Hockey Hall of Fame was established in 1943 and located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is a hall of fame and museum dedicated to the history of ice hockey. Originally, there were two categories for induction, players and builders, and in 1961, a third category for on-ice officials was introduced. In 1988, a "veteran player category" was established in order to "provide a vehicle for players who may have been overlooked and whose chances for election would be limited when placed on the same ballot with contemporary players." Eleven players were added into the category, but in 2000 the board of directors eliminated it and those inductees are now considered to be in the player category. +As of 2017, there are 271 players, 105 builders and 16 on-ice officials in the Hall of Fame. Eleven of the honourees have been added after their death. +Members. +Players. +The Player category has been in existence since the beginning of the Hall of Fame and the first players were added in 1945. Since then, 238 players have been added. For a person to be added to the Hockey Hall of Fame as a player, they must have been retired for a minimum of three years and must be nominated by an elected 18-person selection committee. The waiting period was waived for ten players deemed exceptionally notable: Dit Clapper (1947), Maurice Richard (1961), Ted Lindsay (1966), Red Kelly (1969), Terry Sawchuk (1971), Jean Beliveau (1972), Gordie Howe (1972), Bobby Orr (1979), Mario Lemieux (1997) and Wayne Gretzky (1999). Following Wayne Gretzky's retirement, it was announced that the waiting period would no longer be waived for any player except under "certain humanitarian circumstances". +As of 2007, a maximum of four players can be added in one year but the greatest number of players ever added in a year was 27, in 1962. They were added because the Hall of Fame was trying to induct many pre-NHL era players. 218 of the player inductees are Canadian-born, while only 10 European-born players have been added. The NHL team with the most player inductees is the Toronto Maple Leafs, with 55. Seventy-five defencemen are in the Hall of Fame, more than any other current position, while only 35 goaltenders have been added. +In 1988, a "veteran player category" was established in order to "provide a vehicle for players who may have been overlooked and whose chances for election would be limited when placed on the same ballot with contemporary players." Eleven players were added into the category, but in 2000, the board of directors removed it, and now those inductees are considered to be in the player category. +A. Player was inducted into the Veteran Player category. In 2000, it was merged with the Player category. +Source: 1945–2003: "Honoured Members: Hockey Hall of Fame" and newspapers. +Builders. +The Builder category has been in existence since the beginning of the Hall of Fame and the first builders were added in 1945. A Builder is a person who has contributed to the development of the game of hockey, and as the name refers, one who has built the game forward. Since then, 96 builders have been added. For a person to be added to the Hockey Hall of Fame as a builder, they may be "active or inactive" and must be nominated by an elected 18-person selection committee. As of 2007, a maximum of two builders can be added in one year. +Former members. +On March 30, 1993, it was announced that Gil Stein, who at the time was the president of the National Hockey League, had been added into the Hall of Fame. There were immediate allegations that he had engineered his election through manipulation of the hall's board of directors and by telling them to change the rules for selection. Two lawyers, hired by the league to lead an investigation, recommended that Stein's selection be overturned, although it was soon revealed that Stein had previously decided to turn down the induction. +In 1989, Alan Eagleson was added as a builder, but he would resign from the Hall in 1998 after pleading guilty of mail fraud and embezzling hundreds of thousands of dollars. His resignation came shortly before a vote was held to expel him. +On-ice officials. +The On-ice official category has been in existence since 1961 and since then fourteen have been added. For an official to be added to the Hockey Hall of Fame, they must be retired for a minimum of three years and must be nominated by an elected 18-person selection committee. As of 2007, a maximum of one on-ice official can be added in one year. + += = = The Magic Roundabout (movie) = = = +The Magic Roundabout (released in France as Pollux, le manège enchanté and in North America with a shortened form, Doogal) is an British-French animated movie based on the television series of the same name. The movie was released on February 11, 2005 in the United Kingdom and France, and on February 24, 2006 in North America. The story is about a dog named Dougal (Doogal in North America) who has to save his best friend, Florence, as well as the whole world, from being frozen by an evil spring named ZeeBad. +Synopsis. +A shaggy, candy-loving dog named Dougal (Doogal in North America) along with a group of friends go on a dangerous journey in an effort to stop their enemy—the evil ice sorcerer ZeeBad. As the world is placed in danger ZeeBad wants to turn the world to ice. Dougal and his friends must recover three diamonds that are needed to stop him. + += = = Female ejaculation = = = +Female ejaculation, also known as gushing or squirting, happens when a woman has an orgasm and clear fluid comes out of her. Scientists are not sure how the fluid is produced, but think it is produced by the Skene's glands (also called the paraurethral glands or female prostate). Female ejaculation was mentioned in ancient times by the Greek philosopher Aristotle (384–322 B.C.), and by doctors and people who study anatomy. However, in much of the 20th century there were people who did not believe that female ejaculation existed, and it was not studied in detail. More people found out about the matter after a book called "The G Spot" came out in 1982 and became popular. After that, more research was done on female ejaculation. +Not accepted by others. +The theory advanced by these authors has been dismissed by many other authors, such as physiologist Joseph Bohlen, for not being based on rigorous scientific procedures, and psychiatrist Helen Singer Kaplan (1983). +Masters and Johnson rejected it in 1982. Some radical feminist writers, such as Sheila Jeffreys (1985) were also dismissive, claiming it as a figment of male fantasy: + += = = SummerSlam = = = +SummerSlam is a yearly professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event held in August by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). The event is often called "The Biggest Party of the Summer." Along with WrestleMania, Royal Rumble and Survivor Series, SummerSlam is one of the "Big Four" pay-per-views and was one of the original four yearly WWE pay-per-views. +DVD box set. +WWE released a complete DVD box set with the title "SummerSlam: The Complete Anthology", which includes all the SummerSlam events, on August 5 2008. + += = = Suina = = = +The suborder Suina (also known Suiformes) contains perhaps the earliest and most archaic even-toed ungulates. +Classification. +This suborden Suina includes family Suidae (pigs, hogs) and the family Tayassuidae (peccaries). Older morphogical studies also identified family Hippopotamidae (hippos) among the Suina. + += = = Ruminantia = = = +The biological suborder Ruminantia this majority of the Artiodactyla including sheep, goats, camels, and other forms which have a complex stomach and ruminate their food. + += = = White Oleander (movie) = = = +White Oleander is a 2002 American drama movie set in California. It stars Alison Lohman, Michelle Pfeiffer, Robin Wright Penn and Renee Zellweger. It was directed by Peter Kosminsky and is based on the novel of the same name. +Plot. +Ingrid (Pfeiffer) is a photographer who falls in love with a man named Barry Kolker (Billy Connolly). However he is not loyal to her and has sex with other women. Ingrid kills him. She goes to jail and is later found guilty for killing him and goes to prison for a long time. Her daughter, Astrid Magnussen (Lohman), is taken to a series of foster homes. +Her first foster home is with a woman named Starr Thomas (Penn), who has two children, a teenager named Carolee and a young boy named David. During this home, she falls in love with Starr's husband. During a fight, Carolee runs away from home. An angry Starr shoots Astrid in the arm after an argument with her husband. +For a brief time, she is put in a place called "Mac," which houses hundreds of children. During this time, she gets into a fight with a bunch of other girls. She cuts her hair off and threatens the other girls, saying that she will slit their throats in their sleep if they attack her again. +Her second foster home is with a woman named Claire Richards (Zellweger). She is very lonely since her husband Mark (Noah Wyle) is often away on business trips. Astrid likes her a lot and how she always is nice and happy towards her. When Claire and Astrid visit Ingrid, however, Ingrid tells Claire that Mark is cheating on her. Astrid warns her mother not to destroy this home, but Ingrid smiles and says that she would rather have her at the worst foster home ever over Claire. Afterwards, Claire fights with Mark and later kills herself by swallowing a lot of pills at once. +Astrid is put in another home. She is very upset and thinks that her mom caused Claire to kill herself. She chooses a home with a Russian mother named Rena, knowing that Rena will not love her like Claire did because she does not want to see this happen again. This new mother has her sell her nice clothes. Astrid dyes her own hair and starts wearing black clothing. When Ingrid meets Astrid again, she is shocked at how Astrid has turned herself. +During this time, there is a movement to free Ingrid. They believe the original decision of "guilty" of killing Barry was wrong and want a new trial. If Astrid lies and agrees to Ingrid's version of the story, Ingrid will be likely be freed. But if she tells the truth, Ingrid will be put in jail again. Astrid uses this new power to force Ingrid to tell her about her father. Ingrid is then put on trial, but Ingrid tells her lawyer not to call Astrid to the stand. Ingrid is found guilty again and is put in jail. +The movie ends with Astrid, living with her new boyfriend Paul Trout (Patrick Fugit) in New York, putting together a series of suitcases that stand for all of her experiences through foster homes. She has redyed her hair blonde. + += = = Five Colleges (Massachusetts) = = = +This is a list of colleges and universities which are the Five Colleges, Incorporated: + += = = Five Colleges of Ohio = = = +This is a list of colleges and universities which are the Five Colleges of Ohio: + += = = Claremont Colleges = = = +The Claremont Colleges are a group of private colleges and universities in Claremont, California, near Los Angeles. They include: +Put together, they have about 8500 students. + += = = Great Lakes Colleges Association = = = +This is a list of colleges and universities in the Great Lakes Colleges Association: + += = = Beverly Crusher = = = +Doctor Beverly Crusher is a fictional character from the American science fiction television series ' The character is played by actress Gates McFadden. Crusher was born as Beverly Howard. She is a human medical doctor working for Starfleet. Crusher was the chief medical officer on the starships USS Enterprise-D and USS Enterprise-E. She had the military rank of Commander. Crusher had a husband, Jack Crusher (now dead), and one son, Wesley Crusher. +Character story. +Doctor Crusher was born in Copernicus City, Luna (Earth's moon). When she was very young her parents died. After this, she lived with her grandmother on Arvada III, a colony planet. After joining Starfleet, she married Lieutenant Jack Crusher. He served with captain Jean-Luc Picard on the USS Stargazor. They had a son, Wesley Crusher. Jack Crusher was killed in an accident on the Stargazor in 2354. On the Enterprise-D, Crusher is a good friend with all the senior staff. She plays poker with them every week. Beverly is a good dancer. She has won many trophies in the past for dancing. She tries to keep this a secret because she did not want to be known as "the dancing doctor" as she used to be in the past. + += = = Chakswari = = = +Chakswari (Urdu: ), also known as Chaksawari, is an area in the Mirpur District of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It comprises 15 Union councils including the Islamgarh Municipal Committee. Amongst the primary affectees from the raising of the Mangla Dam project were inhabitants of Chakswari and Islamgarh. Chakswari is 26 miles or 41.84 km from Mirpur. The political constituency code for Chakswari and Islamgarh is LA-2. +Chakswari had always been an important trunk road to and fro Mirpur city. Pre-Mangla Dam the Old Mirpur City now submerged under the Mangla Dam was a stone throw away from Chakswari. Naturally, all major hub towns tend to be bustling with traffic and subsequently economic and commercial activity. Chakswari was no different and remains a buzz with a activity and is a major economic and commercial hub outside Mirpur city even today. +Chakswari comprises of many villages that border the Mangla Dam and surround the bustling Chakswari bazaar. A major city attributed to the state of Mirpur, it remains a major trunk road to travellers and traders to Dadyal, Kotli from and to Mirpur and Bhimber. Chakswari Bazaar is a major economy in the region and today you can find all modern amenities one would expect in any major city in Pakistan. +Main Source of income of Chakswari, Azad Kashmir is investment via respected overseas Kashmiri's who have moved to UK in the 60s and consecutive years to date. They have created well established communities in Bradford, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds, Dewsbury, Nottingham, Sheffield, Stoke-on-Trent and a small number in towns around Greater Manchester and found in the South of England in Luton, Oxford and Rachyal family in London. +People of Chakswari are very entrepreneurial in spirit but also hard working who initially worked in British manufacturing and textiles industries. By the time of the second generation they began to diversify into transport work and business. The third and fourth generation have successfully moved into business and professional careers. People of Chakswari like the vast majority of people of AJK are renowned for their hospitality, etiquette and hard work. +Geography. +Chakswari comprises partly plain and partly hilly areas. Chakswari has pleasant scenery and the climate is generally arid with little rainfall and is characterised by hot summers and cool winters. Its history begins long before the events of partition. The old part of the town is divided up into a number of sub areas, made up of local and rural residentials with farming belts. There is much family history tied in kinship to each locality that makes up Chakswari. Its old bazaar remains to this day a great commercial startup hub not only for locals but for people who have crossed into Azad Kashmir from other parts of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Many people from oitside set up shop in Chakswari bazaar some for short term and many whom have now settled and adopted Chakswari as their home. +Chakswari is divided into two parts, the historic old town where the majority of the wholesale shops are based. This is very well established and known for its rich history. Chakswari's old Raja Bazaar is the old much loved indoor historic shopping centre in the old town. The old bazaar is actually very well maintained and a labyrinth of little streets with small outlets selling everything one can imagine. The bazaar is very safe, extremely clean and well maintained and is a hidden treasure and loved by the people of Chakswari and further parts, Dadyal, people of Kotli regularly frequent it. The old town still has some iconic restuarants like the iconic old Roopyal dining restaurant near the old bazaar recently refurbished to compete with some new establishments on the colony road but sadly the once Kalyal hotel is no more with time came its demise. +Then offcourse there is the more recent part referred to as Chakswari Colony. Chakswari Colony was built for the families who lost their homes following the construction of Mangla Dam. Like most small to large cities where the historic old towns were not built or equipped to manage a boom in population. Chakswari old town a d bazaar was also unable to meet the needs of a new generation who brought with them automotive traffic. Naturally Chakswari had to expand outwards, like in most places the shopping precints begin to grow out from the old town connecting itself and so the old town integrated into to the wider roads linking to Chakswari New Colony. The new shopping areas now boasts rivalry to most mid sized cities in Pakistan with some relatively good brands such as the Nafees Bakery, Chicken Cottage and many boutique and high end restaurants on the Kotli Road. Chakswari is also famous for its marriage halls including The Roopyal Marquee and Nashemam Marriage Hall. The Roopyal Marquee was the first super marriage hall in tne region if not Azad Kashmir. The Roopyal Marriage Hall which was the vision of the Late beloved Nadeem Roopyal just off the Kotli Road. In memory of Late Chaudhry Nadeem Roopyal it is today rightly so renamed Nadeem Roopyal Suites & Marquee who was a trailblazer for modern Marquees now found across the Kotli Chakswari road to Mirpur. +Chakswari is well known for it's important shrine. It is most commonly known as Noshahi Pir who were said to be from the lineage of The Prophet Muhammad PBUH. The Noshahi Haji, Pir Ganj Baksh tomb is in Ralmal Sharif in Gujrat.Ralmal Sharif, Pahlia, Gujrat; as well as Doga Sharif in rural Gujrat. As well as Noshahi Family in Saher Mandi in AJK. There is history of Noshahi Darbar Pir coming to Chakswari to and spreading awareness of Islam and teachings of The Prophet Muhammad. There is also a Chowk named after Noshahi Darbar just outside the bazaar.They were known for helping the people of Chakswari with things like poverty and education. It is one of the most famous Sufi shrines in the region. Chakswari also has lots of mosques, the main one being the Jamia Masjid located in the town. There are other mosques too such as the Jamia-e-Haydar Masjid or Ghazi Hasan Masjid which owes its name to the 15th century Muslim warrior in the region, Raja Ghazi Hasan Khan. +The ancient history of Chakswari can be traced back to the Old Grave Yard located in old Chakswari, leading to the land all around the old town of Chakswari. The old Ancestral Graveyard is located near Gazal Shaav (Holy Site). +Notable parts of Chakswari include Kalyal, Buna Mora or Taki Kalyal, Ladhar, Susral, Panyam, Rachyal, Roopyal, Tagdew but there are many more with rich heritage and history also. +Very notable Azad Kashmiris have hailed from Kalyal village and therefore Kalyal has always been held in high esteem. Even today very well known personalities of Mirpur state / borough hail from Kalyal village of Chakswari. In recent times Panyam village also is notable due to well known Azad Kashmiri personalities. +The main Potohar areas of LA-2 Tehsil are the following: +1. Kalyal including Buna Mora or Taki Kalyal +2. Panyam +3. Susraal +4. Rachyal +5. Tang dew +6. Palak +7. Pind Khurd +8. Dheri Phali +9. Dheri Barwan +10. Boa +11. Kaneli +12. Mawah +13. Bajjar +14. Herdochi +15. Potha Bainsi +16.Ladhar +17.Chak +Brief History. +During the 1947 Poonch rebellion the demographics of Jammu State changed from a Muslim majority state to a Hindu marginal majority state. The genocide was politically motivated to ensure Kashmir would ascede to India and the independence movement squashed. Subsequently, a huge revolt took place by the indigenous Muslim Kashmiri population of Jammu and Kashmir against Maharaja Hari Singh and the Indian State. +What began as a economic peaceful boycott by the Indigenous muslim population, beginning as a No Tax revolt soon became a freedom struggle as news of the massacre of Muslims in poonch by Hari Singh and the Indian State reached across the state. This subsequently led to the First Kashmir War where Chakswari served as a strategic location for the Muslim rebels who styled themselves as the "Azad Army". Chakswari was an important staging ground for the revolt and supply of amunition to the Muslim freedom fighters that led to liberation from The despotic Dogra's with support from the state of Pakistan. This struggle led to the liberation of parts of Kashmir which is dearly referred to by Kashmiris as Azad Kashmir or Free Kashmir from the tyranny of Hari Singh and the Indian State. +In the 1960s once again the region of Chakswari and its neighbouring areas would prove strategic for Pakistan. This time, it was to build the Mangla Dam at the foot of Mangla and collapse the surrounding areas of Mirpur to support the water needs of the state of Pakistan. +Mangla Dam History. +In 1960 IWT (Indus Waters Treaty) was signed; according to this treaty, India was awarded rights to the Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi rivers, and Pakistan besides the waters of these three rivers within Pakistani territories, and some financial compensation was granted rights to construct the Indus, Chenab, and Jhelum river basins. +Until 1967, Pakistan’s whole irrigation system was totally dependent on the unchecked flow of the River Indus and its main tributaries. +Issue of Poor Agricultural Production. +The agricultural production was very poor for a variety of reasons, the most important being the shortage of water during the crucial growing seasons. This issue arose from seasonal fluctuations inflow of the river due to monsoons and the lack of storage facilities to store large quantities of excess water during times of heavy river discharge. +The Mangla Dam was among 2-dams built to overcome this shortcoming and reinforce the irrigation country’s infrastructure as a part of the Indus Basin Program, while the 2nd was the Tarbela Dam located on the River Indus in Swabi, KPK. +Mangla Dam Construction. +Cost +The dam was built at the cost of Rupees 15.587 billion, ADB (Asian Development Bank) and World Bank-funded for the dam. +Reservoir +The dam was built between 1961 & 1965 across the river Jhelum in the Mirpur district of AJK (Azad Jammu & Kashmir), some 108 km southeast of Islamabad. The components of the Mangla Dam include intake structures, power station, five tunnels, emergency spillway, main spillway, intake embankment, main embankment, and a reservoir. +Apart from the main dam, Sukian dyke seventeen-thousand feet long and a small dam named the Jari Dam to obstruct the Jari Nala-had to be built eleven miles outside the new town of Mirpur. There were 120 x 106 yd3 (cubic yards) of the trench for the reservoir, while the total fill was 142 x 106 yd3 & concrete to 1.96 x 106 yd3, respectively +With the advent of the Mangla Dam project, like most villages of Mirpur district; people of Chakswari migrated to the UK and other countries from the 1960s onwards. +The Mangla Dam remains a very important structure and holds strategic and climatic importance just as it did back the. It was a vital project for the people of Pakistan and agriculture of Pakistan. Often overlooked are the real silent heroes who to this day are rarely acknowledged by the vast majority of Pakistanis for their sacrifice. Families of Azad Kashmiris were displaced and uprooted and families divided as a result. Azad Kashmiris from more so the people of Mirpur faced three major catastrophic upheavals in their modern history. The first was the advent of the Dogra occupation who were gifted the state of Kashmir illegally by The British for a pittance. The Dogra barbarity displaced thousands if not hundreds of thousands of Kashmiris from Jammu and Kashmir into into what we lovingly call Pakistan today. The vast majority displaced into West Punjab as it was commonly known back then. The second was during partition, when Kashmiris faced the major brunt of the Indian states wickedness through sectarianism through their stooge Maharaja Hari Singh. This resulted in alot of innocent Kashmiris bloodshed and hundreds and thousands were killed. Thirdly, what has been often overlooked and equally disruptive was the construction of The Mangla Dam. Not to say Azad Kashmiris did not acknowledge The Mangla Dam for the greater good but their sacrifice often overlooked or simply never known by their brethren in Pakistan. +Buildings. +Chakswari is well known for the existence of The Holy Pir. It is most commonly known as Noshahi Pir who were part of the Muhammad family tree. The Noshahi Haji Pir Ganj Baksh tomb is in Ralmal Sharif in Gujrat. In the '90s, they were known for helping the people of Chakswari with things like poverty. It is one of the most famous Sufi shrines in the region. Chakswari also has lots of mosques, the main one being the "Jamia Masjid" located in the town. There are other mosques too such as the "Jamia-e-Haydar Masjid" or "Ghazi Hasan Masjid" which owes its name to the 15th century Muslim warrior in the region, Raja Ghazi Hasan Khan. +Notable places and people. +• The late Mian Hussain Ali – AJK State Council Member, politician, businessmen and patriarch of the Ali Family and responsible for Chakswari's place as a economic stalwart contributing to the success of Mirpur today. His grandson is Zafar Anwar a well known business man and politician. Hailed from Kalyal village Chakswari, Azad Kashmir. +• The late DIG Chaudhary Fazal Hussain kalyal was a prominent law man who policed Mirpur State following AJK liberation from India. DIG Chaudhry Fazal Hussain was a towering figure in personality as he was in character and a man of great principle. Much loved and remembered by all from Chakswari. Hailed from Kalyal village Chakswari, Azad Kashmir. +• Ch. Muhammad Anwar (d.2020) – Politician & former chairman District Council Mirpur, AJK Also the son of Mian Hussain Ali and father to Zafar Anwar. Hailed from Kalyal village, Chakswari, Azad Kashmir. +• Ch. Mushtaq Ahmed (d. 2016) – Managing Director of Hussain Ali Construction Company (HACC). Hailed from Kalyal Chakswari. +• Ch. Raza Ali – Managing Director of Raza Group of Companies hails from Kalyal, Chakswari, Azad Kashmir. +• Ch. Muhammad Saeed – President Pakistan Chamber of Commerce, Azad Group Managing Director, Honorary British Consul for AJK, MLA from Mirpur (representing PML-N). Chaudhry Saeed is an extemely successful businessman responsible for a great number of successful enterprises in Mirpur Azad Kashmir Toyota Azad Motors, Megha Mart, Shopping Pavilions and responsible for bringing big brand retailers into Azad Kashmir like Ideas, and holds the KFC and McDonalds franchise. Chaudhry Saeed hails from Kalyal village, Chakswari, Azad Kashmir. +• Ch. Zafar Anwar – Businessman and Senior Vice President (PTI) Ch. Zafar Anwar represents a new generation of highly educated young elites from Azad Kashmir and has many business interests including Valley Homes housing association in Mirpur. Hails from Kalyal village, Chakswari, Azad Kashmir. +• Ch. Maqsood Hussain (d. 2022) – UK Businessman father of Ch. Ansar Maqsood. Ch. Maqsood's family settled in Stoke-on-Trent UK and his children have various business interests in UK and AJK notably the Honda Empire car showroom in Mirpur. Hailed from Kalyal village, Chakswari, Azad Kashmir. +• Ch. Ansar Maqsood of Honda car showroom Mirpur AJK. A prominent Azad Kashmiri business man in AJK. Ch. Ansar Maqsood represents a new generation of entrepreneurial spirit in Mirpur Azad Kashmir and is responsible for a great deal in the vibrant economy of Mirpur city. Hails from Kalyal, Chakswari, Azad Kashmir. +• Ch. Muhammad Azam (b. 1929 – d. 2007) – Pakistan Air Force Squadron Leader with 36 years service and was stationed in Quetta, Karachi and Saudi Arabia. Hailed from Kalyal, Chakswari, Azad Kashmir. +• Ch. Abdul Karim– an MLA in the early years of parliament in AJK Ch. Abdul Karim is responsible for a great deal in shaping the state of Mirpur and contributing to it's successful place as the hub of economic activity in Azad Kashmir. Ch. Abdul Karim had many business interests including transport, logistics and construction. Hailed from Kalyal village, Chakswari, Azad Kashmir. +• Ch. Qasim Majeed – MLA (representing PPP) hails from Panyam Chakswari. Ch. Qasim Majeed brings much needed young blood and energy to the political landscape of Chakswari and Mirpur. Hails from Panyam village, Chakswari. +• Chaudhry Abdul Majeed served as the Prime Minister of Azad Jammu And Kashmir from 2011 to 2016. He has also been the President of the Pakistan People's Party's in Azad Kashmir's Chapter. Hails from Panyam village, Chakswari, Azad Kashmir. +• Zaman Khan – (born 2001), Professional cricketer who has represented Pakistan on the global stage. Hails from Chakswari, Azad Kashmir. +Brief origins summary of the Kalyal clan. +The predominant inhabitants of Chakswari are Jat and Chaudhry biradri (family) and there has been an emphasis and interest on the major Jat clan of Chakswari namely the Kalyal Jat clan. +Origins of the Kalyal Jat clan lineage +The Kalyal Jat clan is a prominent clan found along the Jhelum River, Mirpur Region (Chakswari) but further up in other regions like Dadyal Azad Kashmir and Gujjar Khan in the Punjab. Sadly British colonialism and independence struggle history took precedence over local regional history in the modern era and little academic work was inked about the great Jat clans of the Jammu and Kashmir region that crossed the Jhelum river to Western Punjab regions like Jhelum, Gujjar Khan and further into the Gujrat regions. The Kalyals (Kalial's) were a prominent clan and thus some piecemeal history exists and referenced here. Even the early 20th Century British ethnologist, H. A Rose has made a reference to the Kalyal Jat clan as being the last of the Rajput Jat clans. +"Sombanai descent and Rajput ancestry i.e., a last status as Rajput— are claimed by the Kalial (Kalyal)." +Horace Arthur Rose was an early 20th Century British colonial official who co-authored "A Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province", which is one of the most comprehensive Glossary on the tribes of Punjab, and a good source on many Punjabi tribes. +the Kalyal (Kalial) tribe claims descent from Kala Khan or Mal Khan, a Chandravanshi Rajput, who settled in the Potohar region in the 15th Century. However, some Kalyal (Kalial) lineages claim Suryavanshi ancestry. +There are also a widespread tradition that Kal to be a Bhatti Rajput, which would make the Kalyal a clan of the Bhatti tribe. Therefore, the Kal aal are the descendants of Kals. The Kalyal are essentially a tribe of the Chibhal, a region between the Tawi and Jhelum rivers, now divided by the line of control, forming the districts of Mirpur and Bhimber in Azad Kashmir, Rajouri, Reasi and parts of Jammu district west of the river Tawi in Indian administered Kashmir. From Chibhal, groups of Kalyal began migrating to the Punjab plains, initially settling in around Dina, and Sahowa and then spreading to Gujar Khan, which is home to the greatest concentrations of Kalyal. Most of the Gujarkhan Kalyal claim to a be a clan of the Bhatti Rajputs. Other groups moved southeast, settling in Gujrat district, where they are still an important Jat clan. There is a single Kalyal village in Kharian Tehsil of Gujrat district. +Kalyal in Azad Kashmir (Chakswari, Mirpur region). +The most visible branch of the Kalyal are found in a single village named Kalyal in Chakswari, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Giving credence to the Rajput lineage due to the influential personalities that came from this village. To this day, the Kalyal village descendants remain a very influential prominent group in Chakswari and Mirpur city. The Kalyal, Chakswari family remain influential across Mirpur state and city which is the economic hub of Azad Kashmir. The Kalyal village in Chakswari was widely known as the home of Chakswari nobility or gentry in the past. Further divisible Kalyal branches are also found in Mohra-na-Mohra / Mohra Mundian and Pind Kalan villages Add-ne-Plai, Laddar and Domal (now inundated by the Mangla Dam) and also Gaderi (now inundated by the Mangla Dam), while another branch is in Palaak, Tarnot, and Arnoh, near Panyam. +Further Jatt branches migrated from Sialkot to Gujrat Gorsian, from there to the Mirpur region and settled in the villages of Panyam (Moohri Panyam / Baavaya-ni-Moohri – these have largely moved to New Abadi Kalyal Chakswari due to the Dam); Essar, Pind Kalan; Gowanda and Prahi (near Chok Sahiban); and Mera Kandi. +In Panyam Chakswari, also known as Sarr-wala-Mohra, branche/s of the Kalyal's originate in Tope Mankiala near Rawalpindi. Finally, there is also a lineage found in the village of Kalyal Sheru. + += = = Mirpur, Azad Kashmir = = = +Mirpur () is a city in Pakistan administered Azad Kashmir, and the headquarter of Mirpur District and formerly the Mirpur Division. Officially, it is named New Mirpur City. Although it is now part of Azad Kashmir, up until the 1846 Treaty of Amritsar Mirpur was part of the Punjab region. The population are Pahari and the language they speak is Pothwari. Mirpur is located at the South West of Azad Kashmir at an elevation of 459 metres (1509 ft), not far from Islamgarh. It is 323 kilometres (200 miles) from Srinagar, the capital of Jammu and Kashmir and 295 kilometres (183 miles) from Muzaffarabad. The city is 100% Muslim with all residents professing Islam. + += = = Jalalabad, Fazilka = = = +Jalalabad () is a city and a municipal council of Ferozpur District in the Punjab state of the Republic of India. + += = = Kupferhof Bauschenberg = = = +The Kupferhof Bauschenberg was a brass producing factory built in the 17th century in the German city of Stolberg. It had a great influence on the brass industry which made Stolberg world leader in brass production for more than a century. +Due to the excellent conditions for the production of the alloy brass there could hardly be a better place to choose than Stolberg. Located near the small river Vichtbach the water wheels could easily be powerded. Calamine was delivered by the oar mines from nearby Breinigerberg and wood for firing the furnaces had been available in adequate quantities in the forests of the Eifel. This must be the reason why Gottfried Schardinel, one of the richest persons at that time in the region of Stolberg built the Kupferhof Bauschenberg. +Later the three factories Kupferhof Bauschenberg, Dollartshammer as well as Straßburger Hof fusionated to create the company Prym. + += = = Zira, Punjab = = = +Zira () was one of the two tehsils of Punjab that was part of a controversy during the Partition of India. The other tehsil was Ferozpur. Sir Cyril Radcliffe created the boundary between India and Pakistan just days before the partition. A draft of the award was supposedly sent to Evan Jenkins by George Abell, Lord Mountbatten’s private secretary. Jenkings was the provincial governor of Punjab at the time. The draft had the description of the Punjab boundary. It showed that the tehdils of Ferozepur and Zira tehsils were to be a part of Pakistan. +The final version of the boundary gave the areas to India. This caused Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan, to say that the award was not just, incomprehensible and perverse. He did agreed to accept the action. The dispute was settled in 1960 as part of an agreement between the governments of India and Pakistan. + += = = Sturgeon = = = +Sturgeon is the common name for 27 species of fish in the family Acipenseridae. +Evolution. +Sturgeons have been referred to as "living fossils" or "primitive fish" because their features have not changed very much since their earliest fossil record. +Habitat. +Sturgeon range from subtropical to subarctic waters in North America and Eurasia. In North America, they range along the Atlantic coast from the Gulf of Mexico to Newfoundland. They used to be found throughout the Mississippi River, the Great Lakes and the Hudson River. +Throughout this extensive range, almost all species are highly threatened or vulnerable to extinction due to a combination of habitat destruction, overfishing, and pollution. +In the last century, this large fish was often regarded as a nuisance because it often became entangled in and caused commercial fishing nets to become ripped. Only much later did the sturgeon become prized for its meat, eggs (caviar) and oil. Gelatin from the inner lining of its air bladder was used to make isinglass--a substance used as a clarifying agent in jellies, glues and in the isinglass windows of carriages and early cars. Nowadays, the lake sturgeon's dark form can be sometimes be discerned in reedy shallows or near river mouths. + += = = WWE The Great American Bash = = = +The Great American Bash is an yearly summer professional wrestling pay-per-view made by World Wrestling Entertainment. It was originally made by the National Wrestling Alliance and then by World Championship Wrestling. However, according to Ric Flair in his autobiography, Dusty Rhodes invented The Great American Bash. +After the last Great American Bash by World Championship Wrestling in 2000, The Great American Bash did not happen again until 2004 and only Smackdown! superstars were on it until the 2007 event when Raw and ECW superstars joined. Something special about this pay-per-view is that anyone in the American military can see The Great American Bash for free. +Dates and places. +Here are the dates and places where past events have been held. + += = = Ness = = = +Ness may refer to: + += = = Hy-Vee = = = +Hy-Vee is an employee owned chain of supermarkets in the Midwestern United States. As of January 2008, Hy-Vee runs 197 supermarkets and 26 Drugstores in seven states. Over 100 of its supermarkets are in Iowa, but it also has stores in Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, and South Dakota. Hy-Vee is known for its longtime advertising slogan, "Where there's a helpful smile in every aisle." +Two-time National Football League MVP Kurt Warner once worked at a Hy-Vee Store in Cedar Falls, Iowa. After he was cut by the Green Bay Packers at age 24, he thought his football career might be over, so he worked there to play for his bills. +Company starting. +The company was started by Charles Hyde and David Vredenburg. They had opened a general store in Beaconsfield, Iowa, in 1930. In 1938, the company changed their name to Hyde & Vredenburg, Inc. Hyde & Vredenburg had 15 stores in Iowa and Missouri at that time. In 1945, Hyde & Vredenburg moved its headquarters from Lamoni to Chariton, Iowa, after buying the Chariton Wholesale Company. +Stores. +Most Hy-Vee stores are full-service supermarkets with bakeries, delicatessens, banks, florists, and pharmacies. To keep pace with Wal-Mart's recent expansion into the gas station business, Hy-Vee has also added gas stations with convenience stores to some of its stores. +HyVee's Largest Store is in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, which has +over of Retail Space in the store. Hy-vee keeps making larger stores, so their largest store changes every 6 months to every year. +Employment. +Hy-Vee Inc. employs over 52,000 people and is the largest employer in the state of Iowa. The company has annual sales of over $5.84 billion. In 2007, Hy-Vee ranked 47th on "Forbes" magazine's annual list of the largest privately owned companies in the United States. + += = = Mézeray = = = +Mézeray may mean: + += = = Liger = = = +A liger is a mix between a male lion ("Panthera leo") and a female tiger ("Panthera tigris"). It is different from a similar mix called a tigon and is the biggest of all known extant cats. + += = = White Oleander = = = +White Oleander is a 1999 novel set in Los Angeles. It was written by Janet Fitch. It was later made into a movie in 2002 titled "White Oleander". +Plot. +Ingrid is a poet who falls in love with a man named Barry Kolker. However he is not loyal to her and sees other women. Ingrid kills him by going to Mexico and buying a drug. She then smears it over all of the surfaces. Barry touches these surfaces, the poison gets in his body, and he dies. She goes to jail and is later found guilty for killing him and goes to prison for a long time. Her daughter, Astrid, is taken to a series of foster homes. +Her first foster home is a woman named Starr, who has a two children, a teenager named Carolee and a young boy named David. During this home, she falls in love with Starr's husband. She later has an affair by sleeping with him. During a fight, Carolee runs away from home. An angry Starr shoots Astrid in the arm after an argument with her husband. +Her second home is with a woman named Amelia. Amelia has many girls at her house. She has them only to get money (she calls it "easy money") and only feeds them at dinnertime, locking the fridge during the rest of the day. All the girls are hungry all of the time. She eventually gets out of it by talking to a foster worker. +For a brief time, she is put in a place called "Mac," which houses hundreds of children. During this time, she gets into a fight with a bunch of other girls. She cuts her hair off and threatens the other girls, saying that she will slit their throats in their sleep if they attack her again. She also meets a boy named Paul Trout here, who she likes a lot. +Her third foster home is with a woman named Claire Richards. She is very lonely since her husband Ron is always out on business trips. Astrid likes her a lot and how she always is nice and happy towards her. When Claire and Astrid visit Ingrid, however, Ingrid tells Claire that Ron is cheating on her. Astrid warns her mother not to destroy this home, but Ingrid smiles and says that she would rather have her at the worst foster home ever over Claire. Afterwards, Claire fights with Mark and later kills herself by taking a lot of pills at. +Astrid is put in a fourth home. She is very upset and thinks that her mom caused Claire to kill herself. She chooses a home with a Russian mother named Rena, knowing that Rena will not love her like Claire did because she does not want to see this happen again. This new mother has her sell her nice clothes. Astrid dyes her own hair and starts wearing black clothing. When Ingrid meets Astrid again, she is shocked at how Astrid has turned herself. +During this time, there is a movement to free Ingrid. They believe the original decision of "guilty" of killing Barry was wrong and want a new trial. If Astrid lies and agrees to Ingrid's version of the story, Ingrid will be likely be freed. But if she tells the truth, Ingrid will be put in jail again. Astrid uses this new power to force Ingrid to tell her about her father. Ingrid says that all she wanted Astrid to be was strong, but that she has turned into a nuclear site, the wrong kind of strong. She says that she wants Astrid to be back the way she used to be. Astrid says she will only come back if her mother releases her – does not call her as a witness. Ingrid agrees. Ingrid is then put on trial again and found not guilty. +The novel ends with Astrid, living with her new boyfriend Paul in East Berlin. She is reading the newspaper and finds out about how her mother was found not guilty. Astrid is putting together a series of suitcases that stand for all of her experiences through foster homes. + += = = Cold Mountain (movie) = = = +Cold Mountain is a 2003 American drama movie set in North Carolina. It was directed by Anthony Minghella. The main actors in the movie are Jude Law, Nicole Kidman, and Renee Zellweger. It was nominated for seven Academy Awards and won one, for Zellweger as Best Supporting Actress. +Plot. +The movie is about a Civil War deserter named W. P. Inman. He has deserted the Confederate Army – he does not to fight the war anymore and they would not let him go, so he left and has not come back. In the Civil War, the Confederacy wanted to break away from the United States, but the Union would not let them, so they fought for whether the Confederacy (also called the South) should be allowed to break away or not. Before he left, he fell in love with a woman named Ada and now he wants to be back with her. +Along the way, Inman finds a preacher named John. John is a drunk, but he goes with Inman. However, they are caught by the Home Guard, a group of men who try to find deserters and round them up. They are put in chains with a bunch of other people and are forced to march for a few days. However, the Home Guard gets tired of moving them and decides to shoot them all. Inman manages to not get hit and soon breaks free. +At home, Ada is living with her father. Her father dies soon after Inman leaves and soon the farmhouse and the farm breaks down and looks bad. A woman named Ruby comes and teaches Ada how to work and fix the farmhouse up. They soon become good friends. One day, Ruby's father comes to the farm. He had left his wife and the children before, and Ruby slaps him because of it but she lets him in. He can play an instrument. + += = = Environment (disambiguation) = = = +Environment may mean: +In computing: + += = = AT&T = = = +ATT&T Inc. (used to be called American Telegraph & Telephone) is the largest provider of both local and long distance fixed telephone services and Internet access in the United States with 71.4 million customers. It is the second largest wireless service provider in the country. +AT&T has been publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange since 1984. It was one of the 30 companies that made up the Dow Jones Industrial Average until 2013, when it was replaced by Apple Inc. +On April 8, 2022, the spinoff of WarnerMedia and its subsequent merger with Discovery, Inc. to form Warner Bros. Discovery was completed. As a result of this merger, HBO Max and other video services were dropped from AT&T's unlimited plan offering. + += = = Air-ground radiotelephone service = = = +Air-ground radiotelephone service is a method of telephone communications used by aircraft pilots and passengers of commercial airline jets flying over the United States. + += = = Heart of Midlothian F.C. = = = +Heart of Midlothian Football Club (commonly known as "Hearts") is a professional football club based at Tynecastle Stadium in Edinburgh, Scotland. They play in the Scottish Premier League along with their city rivals Hibernian. Hearts were one of the teams invited to join the Scottish Football League when it first started in 1890. Hearts have won the Scottish Cup on 8 occasions, the League title 4 times and the League Cup 4 times. +Players. +Current squad. +"As of 7 December" + += = = Abbey library of St. Gallen = = = +The Abbey library of St. Galllen () is a library in St. Gallen, Switzerland. It was attached to the abbey of St. Gallen. This abbey had a great importance in the Middle Ages. Today, there are about 2,100 manuscripts from the Middle Ages, about 1 650 Inucabula (books and sheets printed before 1501) and early printings before 1520, as well as about 160,000 books. The library is the oldest library in Switzerland. The manuscript B of the Nibelungenlied is kept here. + += = = Pohleď = = = +Pohleď is a village in the Havlíčkův Brod District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 80 people live there. The village has an area of 4.34 km2. It was first documented in 1400. + += = = Hibernian F.C. = = = +Hibernian Football Club, also known as Hibs, is a professional football club based at Easter Road in Edinburgh, Scotland. They play in the Scottish Premiership. Their city rivals are Hearts. It is one of three SPFL clubs in the city, the others being their Edinburgh derby rivals Hearts and Edinburgh City. Hibernian was founded in 1875 by Irish immigrants, but support for the club is now based on geography rather than ethnicity or religion. The Irish heritage of Hibernian is still reflected, however, in its name, colours and badge. +In 1887 Hibernian defeated Preston North End in a match nicknamed the Association Football Championship of the World decider, because of the two teams’ achievements in their domestic cup trophies. Hibs enjoyed enormous success throughout the 1940s and 50s where they won the 1947/8, 1950/1 and 1951/2 League Competitions. Their not-so-secret weapon was the attacking formation known as ‘The Famous Five’ consisting of Bobby Johnstone, Willie Ormond, Lawrie Reilly, Gordon Smith and Eddie Turnbull. +Hibs became the first British team to enter European competition in 1955. They competed in the Champions Cup and gave a fantastic performance against the German club, Rot Weiss Essen, winning 4-1 and drawing 1-1 on the return match in Scotland. +Hibernian F.C. was in grave danger of being closed down at the beginning of the 1990s when Wallace Mercer of rivals, Hearts of Midlothian, decided he wanted just one main club in Edinburgh. However, the club was saved in 1991 by Sir Tom Farmer CBE. +Hibernian became the first team to be relegated via the SPFL playoffs in 2014. In 2016 they ended their 114 year wait for the Scottish Cup, winning a final against Rangers 3-2. +In 2019, Tom Farmer sold the club to Ron Gordon. Gordon died in 2023. + += = = Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. = = = +Inverness Caledonian Thistle Football Club is a professional football club based at Caledonian Stadium in Inverness, Scotland. They play in the Scottish Championship and are currently managed by Billy Dodds. +Current squad. +International players. +Six players have represented their country whilst contracted to Caley Thistle. These are Pāvels Mihadjuks (Latvia), Richard Hastings and Davide Xausa (both Canada), Marius Niculae (Romania), Jonathan Tuffey (Northern Ireland) and Owain Tudur-Jones (Wales national football team). + += = = Kilmarnock F.C. = = = +Kilmarnock Football Club is a professional football club based at Rugby Park in Kilmarnock, Scotland. They were founded in 1869, and are the oldest professional club in Scotland. They currently play in the Scottish Premier League and are managed by Angelo Alessio. + += = = Higher education = = = +Higher education is after secondary education. Through attending college a higher degree (or title) can be gained. Generally, people must be 18 years old or over to enter higher education. They also need to have completed primary school and secondary education. Usually some kind of selection is used. Exams can be of state, local or university level. Sometimes no selection exists. Some open universities encourage older adults to apply, whether they were good at school or not. +Preparation. +Higher education is either professional or academic. You can study for a diploma or a degree. Graduates can study for a master's or doctorate. Places of higher education were traditionally called universities, but there are other names like institute, teaching training college, academy, conservatory, and polytechnic. (The names depend on the country). +Other functions. +Research work is done at this level. Colleges often also reach out to employers and offer cultural or sporting events open to the local community. +Role in society. +The importance of higher education in society changes according to the country; for example, in many countries a student goes to university to obtain a diploma for work, but university is also often a time during which the student learns to be independent. Students also learn to mix with people of different origins, and to grow as people. Richer students can study in a place far from their hometown, but kids from poor neighbourhoods may be unable to afford college at all without a scholarship of some kind. + += = = Aeronautics = = = +Aeronautics is the study of how to make and use flying machines like aeroplanes or helicopters. The name comes from the Ancient Greek language. It means "Air Navigating". +Part of aeronautics is Aerodynamics, how air moves around things. Many books are available on these topics. Aeronautics is related to transport and engineering, and aerodynamics is science. + += = = Rawalpindi = = = +<mapframe frameless align="center" text="Location of Rawalpindi city." width=280 height=150 zoom=10 latitude=33.626057 longitude=73.071442 > + "type": "Feature", + "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [33.626057, 73.071442] }, + "properties": { + "title": "Location of Rawalpindi city.", + "description": "", + "marker-symbol": "", + "marker-size": "large", + "marker-color": "0050d0" +</mapframe> +Rawalpindi (, Rāwalpindī) is a city in the Pothohar Plateau near Pakistan's capital city of Islamabad, in the province of Punjab. It is home to the headquarters of the Pakistan Army and also served as the nation's capital while Islamabad was being constructed during the 1960s. The city is home to many industries and factories. Benazir Bhutto International Airport is actually in Rawalpindi, formerly known as the "Chaklala Airport", serving the city along with the capital. Rawalpindi is in the Punjab province, 275 km (171 miles) to the north-west of Lahore. It is the administrative seat of the Rawalpindi District. About 3,363,911 people lived in Rawalpindi in the year 1998. The local language spoken is Pothwari. + += = = Kachhi District = = = +Kachhi (formerly named Bolan District) is a district of Balochistan, Pakistan. + += = = Sopore = = = +Sopore () is a town in Baramulla district. + += = = Josip Broz Tito = = = +Josip Broz, nicknamed Tito, (May 7, 1892 – May 4, 1980) was a Yugoslav communist revolutionary, World War II Hero, statesman and dictator who was the leader of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, from 1945 until his death in 1980. From 1945 to 1953 he was Prime Minister, and from 1953 to 1980 he was the President. His funeral on May 4, 1980, was attended by representatives of 128 out of 154 UN member countries. Tito was a controversial person, with people having strong and differing views about his leadership. He has been described by some critics as an authoritarian and a benevolent dictator. +Early life. +Tito was born in Komrovec, Croatia, where his parents had a small farm. He went to the village elementary school until 1905. In 1907 he was machinist's apprentice in Sisak. In 1910 he joined the union of workers and social-democratic party of Croatia and Slavonia. In 1913 he entered the Austro–Hungarian Army and later was imprisoned for anti-war propaganda. During World War I he was wounded, captured, then imprisoned by Russians. After being set free, he became active in the bolshevik movement. After the October Revolution, he joined the Red Guards (Russia). In 1920 Tito came back to the new nation Yugoslavia and joined the Communist party. This was later renamed Yugoslav Communist League in 1952. Tito (Babo) was the leader of the Communist party from 1937 until his death. In 1921 the Yugoslav communist party was banned. Tito was imprisoned from 1928 until 1933 for being a communist. In 1934 he went back to Soviet Union and he was involved as secret agent in NKVD. +Military chief. +In 1937 Tito came back to Yugoslavia. During the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in World War II, a civil war erupted between the collaborationists of Axis occupators (Ustaše, Croatian Home Guard, Slovene Home Guard, Serbian State Guards), royalist Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland who wanted to bring back the monarchy, and the self-organized guerilla force of Yugoslav Partisans. Tito had the leading role in organizing the Yugoslav People's Liberation Army and liberating Yugoslavia. Their struggles were recognized by the Allies of World War II as the true liberators of Yugoslavia. In 1945, Tito ordered the end of the "Kingdom of Yugoslavia" and created the "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" with six republics: Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia, and two autonomous provinces in Serbia: Vojvodina in the north, and Kosovo in the south, next to Albania. +Presidency. +Tito, under various positions, ruled Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1980. To be safe from assassination attempts, he was dramatically supported by the spy ring OZNA and political police UDBA. Following the Tito-Stalin split in 1948, Yugoslavia heavily opposed the influence of Soviet Union. His rule supressed all non-Titoist parties from forming, including nationalist, monarchist and liberal. He, along with other political personalities in third-world countries, started the Non-Aligned Movement. In the mid-1970s, federal republics of Yugoslavia were granted more autonomy, and the country underwent political decentralization. When he died in 1980 the political situation worsened, as the nationalist parties gained ground. The centralist rule of Slobodan Milošević culminated into brutal and bitter Yugoslav Wars during the 1990s, just ten years later. +Death. +Tito became ill over the course of 1979. On 7 January and again on 11 January 1980, Tito was admitted to the Medical Centre in Ljubljana, the capital city of the SR Slovenia, with circulation problems in his legs. His left leg was amputated soon afterward due to arterial blockages and he died of gangrene at the Medical Centre Ljubljana on 4 May 1980 at 3:05 pm, three days short of his 88th birthday. Many world leaders came to his funeral. +Historical criticism. +Accusations of culpability are related with crimes perpetrated during and after WWII, in pursuit of fleeing Nazi collaborators, such as the massacres of Foibe and Kočevski Rog butchery. Mass graves are evidences of massacres; accusations of genocide and ethnic cleansing by historians. Accusations of guilt in the Bleiburg massacre, the repression of the Croatian Catholic Church, and the crackdown on the Croatian Spring or MASPOK. +Accusation of Vojvodina massacre consists in retaliation against Germans and Hungarians citizen and supposed Chetnik Serbs but some historians consider these incidents also ethnic cleansing against Germans and Hungarians because during World War II, the German minority in occupied Yugoslavia enjoyed a status of superiority over the Yugoslav population. +The AVNOJ Presidium issued a decree that ordered the government confiscation of all property of Nazi Germany and its citizens in Yugoslavia, persons of German nationality (regardless of citizenship), and collaborators. The decision acquired the force of law on February 6, 1945. +Tito's repression involved many of the his old friends such as Milovan Dilas and Vladimir Dedijer, who were both imprisoned but later wrote several books with gross accusations against him; with criticism heaped on Tito's lustful lifestyle: by 1974 he had 32 official residences, one of the ten richest men in the Balkans, "a communist who lived like a king". Tito constructed huge personality cult around him, which kept Yugoslavia from falling apart. +Funeral. +The funeral of Josip Tito, President of Yugoslavia, was held on 8 May 1980, four days after his death on 4 May. His funeral was visited by most of world statesmen. +They included four kings, 31 presidents, six princes, 22 prime ministers and 47 ministers of foreign affairs. They came from both sides of the Cold War, from 128 different countries out of 154 UN members at the time. +The "Plavi voz" ("Blue train", official presidential train) brought his body to the capital Belgrade and he lay in state in the Federal Parliament building until the funeral. +Other websites. +' + += = = Wienerwald = = = +The Wienerwald ( "Weanawoid", lit.'Vienna Woods') is a large forest of over 1,000 square kilometers. It lies southwest of Vienna in Lower Austria. It covers the start of the Alps. It is about 45 km long, and between 20 and 30 km wide. + += = = Wienerwald, Austria = = = +Wienerwald is an Austrian municipality in the Mödling District, Lower Austria. It is in the forest of the Vienna Woods ("Wienerwald"). About 2,600 people live there. + += = = Wienerwald (restaurant) = = = +Wienerwald is a chain of franchise restaurants. The name means "Vienna Woods". They are mainly in Germany and Austria. They specialize in chicken-based products. It was founded in 1955. It went bankrupt several times. Today the two chains in Austria and Germany are independent of each other. The company operates in Austria, Belgium, Hungary, Romania, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United States and Egypt. + += = = Barracuda = = = +A barracuda is a ray finned-fish that is about 6 feet in length. It is found in tropical and subtropical oceans worldwide. +It is of the genus Sphyraena, the only genus in the family Sphyraenidae. It is famous for its intimidating and ferocious behavior. It is the reason that divers take off any shiny or glittery bracelets in the water. They eat fish that are silver in color, which may cause them to attack someone if they are wearing any shimmering objects. +These fish usually stay near the top of the water around sea grass and coral reefs. + += = = Pomona, California = = = +Pomona is a city in Los Angeles County, California. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 151,713. + += = = Sin City (movie) = = = +Sin City is a 2005 American crime thriller movie written, produced and directed by Frank Miller and Robert Rodriguez. It is based on Miller's graphic novel series of the same name. +The main actors in it are Jessica Alba, Brittany Murphy, Benicio Del Toro, Clive Owen, Mickey Rourke, Bruce Willis and Elijah Wood. "Sin City" received mostly positive reviews. +This movie has a sequel called "". + += = = Fantastic Four (2005 movie) = = = +Fantastic Four is a 2005 American superhero movie based on the Marvel Comics comic "Fantastic Four". The movie was released in the United States on July 8, 2005. + += = = Dark Angel (American TV series) = = = +Dark Angel is an American science fiction television series created by James Cameron and Charles H. Eglee, which ran from 2000 to 2002 on the FOX network. "Dark Angel" tells the story of the character of "Max Guevara" (X5-452), a genetically enhanced super-soldier, portrayed by Jessica Alba as an adult, and Geneva Locke as a child. +The program is set in 2019 in Seattle, Washington, but was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada at Lions Gate Studios. + += = = The Ultimate Fighter = = = +The Ultimate Fighter is a reality television series and mixed martial arts (MMA) contest, in the United States, and made by Spike TV and the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). On this show, professional MMA fighters that have yet to make a big name for themselves are placed in a house outside of Las Vegas, Nevada and they go against each other for the title of The Ultimate Fighter, winning a six-figure, multi-fight contract with the UFC. + += = = Good Luck Chuck = = = +Good Luck Chuck is a 2007 romantic comedy movie starring Jessica Alba and Dane Cook. The story of the movie is Chuck is a "good luck charm" lover. That is, women will find their "one true love" after having sex with him. He then meets a girl who he thinks is his true love. + += = = Maxim (magazine) = = = +Maxim is an international men's magazine based in the United Kingdom and known for its revealing pictorials featuring popular actresses, singers, and female models, none of which are nudes. +In the United States, "Maxim" is an industry leader, reporting a circulation of 2.5 million readers which they claim is enough to outsell leading competitors "GQ", "Esquire", and "Details" combined. + += = = Camp Nowhere = = = +Camp Nowhere is a 1994 movie directed by Jonathan Prince, written by Andrew Kurtzman and Eliot Wald, and starring Jonathan Jackson, Christopher Lloyd, Melody Kay, Andrew Keegan, and Marne Patterson. The movie also features Jessica Alba in one of her first movie roles. + += = = Honey (2003 movie) = = = +Honey is a 2003 movie released by Universal Pictures. Featuring music produced by Rodney Jerkins, the movie stars Jessica Alba, Mekhi Phifer, Lil' Romeo,Zachary Isaiah Williams Joy Bryant, Missy Elliott and David Moscow. A number of popular hip hop and R&B musicians make cameos in the movie, including Jerkins, Jadakiss and Sheek Louch of The Lox, Tweet, and Ginuwine. Canadian R&B artist Shawn Desman was also featured. R&B and hip-hop singer Aaliyah, a close friend of Missy Elliott, was originally cast as the star of the movie before her death. +The movie grossed $27 million at the US box office, and was released on DVD and VHS on March 23, 2004. + += = = The Secret World of Alex Mack = = = +The Secret World of Alex Mack was an American television series that ran on Nickelodeon from October 8, 1994 to January 15, 1998, replacing "Clarissa Explains It All" on the SNICK line-up. Repeats of the series aired in 2003 on The N, but it was soon replaced there. The show is currently not on the air in the U.S. + += = = Atlantic Theater Company = = = +The Atlantic Theater Company runs an off-Broadway theater in a converted church in the Chelsea neighborhood of New York City. + += = = Beverly Hills, 90210 = = = +Beverly Hills, 90210 is an American primetime television drama series that aired from October 4, 1990, to May 17, 2000 on FOX in the United States and subsequently on various networks around the world. The show followed the lives of a group of teenagers living in the upscale, star-studded community of Beverly Hills, California and attending the fictitious West Beverly Hills High School and then-fictitious California University. The show was created by Darren Star and produced by Aaron Spelling and Spelling Television. The "90210" in the title refers to one of the suburb's postal ZIP codes. +The original premise of the show was based around the adjustment and culture shock that twins Brandon (played by Jason Priestley) and Brenda Walsh (played by Shannen Doherty) had after they and their parents, Jim and Cindy moved from Minneapolis, Minnesota to Beverly Hills. The show addressed several topical issues, including: date rape, alcoholism, domestic violence, gay rights, drug abuse, teenage suicide, AIDS, and teenage pregnancy. +The show gained popularity during the summer of 1991, when FOX aired a special "summer season" of the show while most other series were in reruns. The series became one of FOX's top shows when it began its next season that fall. Viewership increased dramatically and the cast members, particularly Jason Priestley and Luke Perry, became teen idols, while the series would make actresses Shannen Doherty, Jennie Garth and Tori Spelling household names. + += = = Teen Choice Awards = = = +The Teen Choice Awards is an awards show presented annually by FOX. The program honors the year's biggest achievements in music, movies, sports, and television, as voted on by teens aged 12–19. The program usually features a high number of celebrities and musical performers. The winners are awarded with lifesize surfboards, to fit the summertime theme. The ceremony has also created spin-off teen awards on YouTube. +Starting in 1999, the "Teen Choice Awards" were presented weeks prior to the televised event up through 2005. Since 2006, the program has been televised live. + += = = French Canadians = = = +French Canadian (Canadien or Canadien français in French) refers to a nation or ethnic group that comes from Canada in the period of French colonization in the 1600s. They are the main French-speaking population of Canada. It may also refer to people of French descent living in Canada, or native speakers of French in Canada. + += = = Mexican Americans = = = +Mexican Americans are US citizens of Mexican ancestry. They account for 9% of the country's population: about 28.3 million Americans listed their Original Native ancestry as Mexican as of 2006. They form the largest Original Native group in the United States and contain the largest group of . Mexican Americans trace their ancestry to the modern day country of Mexico or the Southwestern United States. +Most Mexican Americans live in the four states that border Mexico, California, Texas, Arizona and New Mexico. The areas in and around Los Angeles is home to over six million Mexican Americans. There are also a number of large Mexican American communities in other areas of the Western and Southwestern United States. Though Chicago is not in the Western or Southwestern United States, it has 1.4 million Mexican Americans, more Mexican Americans than any city except Los Angeles. The metro areas of Dallas, Houston, and Phoenix each have more than one million Mexicans. There are a growing number of Mexican Americans in the Midwest and South. +Most Mexican Americans have been referred to as "mestizos", by the generational cast system imposed by Europeans by which people of Original Native ancestry are more one ethnicity. Most of their heritage is the indigenous, Original Native people of Mexico, but it often contains other groups, Central, South America Original Native. Some have a mixture of the casts such as Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Irish and Native American tribes from the U.S. such as Apache. + += = = Saturn Award = = = +The Saturn Award is an award presented every year by the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films to honor the top works in science fiction, fantasy, and horror in movie, television, and home video. The prestigious Saturn Awards were devised by Dr. Donald A. Reed, who felt that movies within those genres were never given the appreciation they deserved. The physical award is a representation of the planet Saturn, surrounded with a ring of film. The award was initially, and is still sometimes loosely referred to as a Golden Scroll. +Similar to other awards, like the Oscars, the Emmys and the Grammys, the Saturn Awards are voted on by members of the presenting Academy. There are also special awards for lifetime achievement in the field. +The awards were first presented in 1972. + += = = Del Rio, Texas = = = +Del Rio is a border city in and the county seat of Val Verde County, Texas, United States. It is near the Laughlin Air Force Base. + += = = Tonsil = = = +The tonsils are areas of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat. An infection of the tonsils is called tonsillitis or tonsilitis. Most commonly, the term "tonsils" refers to the palatine tonsils that can be seen in the back of the throat. +Like other organs of the lymphatic system, the tonsils act as part of the immune system to help protect against infection. In particular, they are believed to be involved in helping fight off pharyngeal and upper respiratory tract infections. + += = = JCPenney = = = +J. C. Penney Company, Inc (most commonly known today by the name JCPenney or simply Penneys) is a mid-range chain of American department stores based in Plano, Texas, a suburb north of Dallas. The company operates 1,067 stores in 49 of the 50 U.S. states (except Hawaii) and Puerto Rico, and the largest general merchandise catalog business in the United States. In addition to sale of conventional merchandise, JCPenney stores are often home to several leased departments such as Optical, Portrait Studios, Jewelry & Watch repair, etc. + += = = Flipper (1995 TV series) = = = +Flipper (1995), is an American television series, also known as "The New Adventures of Flipper". It is a remake of the 1964 "Flipper" television series. The first two seasons appeared first in syndication; seasons 3 and 4 appeared on the PAX network. +The 1995 version brought back Bud Ricks as a scientist doing marine research in Florida. The dolphin Flipper was one with whom Dr. Ricks was working. Jessica Alba was in the show. + += = = Orient = = = +Orient is a term meaning "the east". It is from the Latin word "oriens". Ancient Rome sometimes used it to mean the area east of Rome. Later the dividing line moved farther east, to the Adriatic or the Aegean or the Indus River. This term is in contrast to the "Occident", which is a term meaning "the west". +Edward Said used the term in his book Orientalism (1978). He used it to mean an area including most of present-day North Africa and Middle Eastern countries. + += = = Console role-playing game = = = +A console role-playing game is a video game genre that resembles traditional role-playing games. Many console role-playing games use common features like turn-based battles, random battles, stats, and leveling up. + += = = Drew Barrymore = = = +Drew Blyth Barrymore (born February 22, 1975) is an American actress and movie producer. Born in Culver City, California, she is the youngest member of the Barrymore family. Lionel Barrymore was her great-uncle and John Barrymore was her grandfather. Barrymore made a breakout role in "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial". She starred with Adam Sandler in "The Wedding Singer", "50 First Dates" and "Blended". She starred in the Netflix series "Santa Clarita Diet". +Personal life. +Barrymore is bisexual. She was married three times. She had a relationship with Jeremy Thomas, Tom Green and Will Kopelman. Before their divorce, Barrymore has two daughters. + += = = Brooklyn South = = = +Brooklyn South is a short-lived American television police drama. It aired from 1997 to 1998 on CBS for only one season. It was cancelled due to poor ratings. +One of the producers of the series was Steven Bochco, creator of many well-known police dramas such as "Hill Street Blues" and "NYPD Blue". "Brooklyn South" was also created and produced by David Milch. The series tried to create a setting of a gritty, realistic police station similar to that of "NYPD Blue", but differed by focusing on the uniformed police officers rather than the detectives. The pilot of "Brooklyn South" was noted as the first TV-MA rated episode on broadcast television. + += = = Never Been Kissed = = = +Never Been Kissed is a 1999 American comedy movie directed by Raja Gosnell. It follows a journalist pretending to be high school student. It stars Drew Barrymore, David Arquette, Michael Vartan, Molly Shannon, Leelee Sobieski, John C. Reilly, Jessica Alba, Marley Shelton and Garry Marshall. It marked the first movie produced by Flower Films and James Franco's film debut. + += = = Idle Hands = = = +Idle Hands is a 1999 American comedy-horror movie starring Devon Sawa, Seth Green, and Jessica Alba with Elden Henson and Vivica A. Fox. It follows the life of a teen whose hand becomes possessed and goes on a killing spree, even after being cut off from his arm. The film was delayed in its release because of the Columbine massacre. + += = = Panic attack = = = +Panic attacks are sudden periods of very bad anxiety. Along with feeling very scared, people with panic attacks usually have physical symptoms. These symptoms are not dangerous. However, they can make a person feel terrible for a short time. Having a panic attack is often terrifying and very upsetting. Many people who have a panic attack for the first time call the emergency services because they think they are having a heart attack or a nervous breakdown. +Though panic attacks make people feel terrible, they are not dangerous. Usually, the worst symptoms are over in ten minutes or less. However, some panic attacks can be as short as one to five minutes. +Panic attacks can happen in people with all kinds of mental illnesses. They can also happen in people who do not have mental illness, but have just had something very bad happen to them. +A panic attack is sometimes confused with anxiety. Anxiety is progressive. When we think of negative thoughts, the anxiety becomes worse when we do not try to relax and it reaches to a point when we're out of control. A panic attack is not progressive, when we think of negative thoughts, a panic attack goes straight to us feeling out of control and people think they're having a heart attack because an anxious heart feels very similar to a heart attack. A panic attack is far worse than an anxiety attack, though both attacks require the person to learn how to calm down or get professional help if it becomes a problem in their daily lives. +Symptoms. +The new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM), DSM-5, describes a panic attack as: +"An abrupt [sudden] surge of intense [very strong] fear or intense discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes... [During that] time four or more of the following symptoms occur. The abrupt surge can occur from a calm state or an anxious state." +According to DSM-5, a person is having a panic attack if they suddenly start feeling very scared and have four or more of these symptoms: +The physiology behind panic attacks. +Panic attacks happen when the body's natural fight or flight response gets overprotective. Usually, the fight or flight response kicks in when a person is in danger. It tells the sympathetic nervous system to make many changes in the body. These changes will help the person fight or run away from the danger. For example: +When a person is truly in danger, these changes in the body can help the person survive. The changes in the body make it easier for the person to fight or run away from the danger. +However, when a person is having a panic attack, their body is reacting as if they are in danger, when they are really not. Their fight or flight system kicks in and causes changes to the body. But because the person does not need these changes to help them survive, the changes cause symptoms. For example: +Every symptom of a panic attack is caused by the fight or flight reaction. This is why panic attacks are not dangerous. The fight or flight system is meant to save a person's life if they are in danger. It is a natural self-defense system in the human body. When a panic attack happens, this life-saving fight or flight system is simply kicking in when it is not needed. + += = = Telepathy = = = +Telepathy is the hypothesis that some people can communicate to others by thought, instead of through the known senses. +The term was coined by classics scholar and psychologist Frederic William Henry Myers in 1882. Sigmund Freud did experiments with his daughter Anna where he attempted to communicate with her telepathically. In 1930 Upton Sinclair wrote a book about his experiments with his wife in telepathic communication entitled "Mental Radio". +Eysenck's opinion. +Professor Hans Eysenck of London University's Institute of Psychiatry stated "Unless there is a gigantic conspiracy involving some thirty university departments all over the world, and several hundred highly respected scientists in various fields, many of them originally skeptical to the claims of the psychical researchers, the only conclusion that the unbiased observer can come to is that there does exist a small number of people who obtain knowledge existing in other people's minds, or in the outer world, by means as yet unknown to science". +Scientific reception. +A variety of tests have been performed to demonstrate telepathy, but there is no scientific evidence that the power exists. +A panel commissioned by the United States National Research Council to study paranormal claims concluded that "despite a 130-year record of scientific research on such matters, our committee could find no scientific justification for the existence of phenomena such as extrasensory perception, mental telepathy or 'mind over matter' exercises... Evaluation of a large body of the best available evidence simply does not support the contention that these phenomena exist." The scientific community considers parapsychology a pseudoscience. There is no known mechanism for telepathy. Philosopher and physicist Mario Bunge has written that telepathy would contradict laws of science and the claim that "signals can be transmitted across space without fading with distance is inconsistent with physics". + += = = Megabit = = = +A megabit is a unit of information or computer storage that means one million bits, or one thousand kilobits. It is abbreviated Mbit or Mb. + += = = Invisible Woman = = = +Susan Storm Richards (also known as Invisible Girl and later, Invisible Woman) is a fictional character, a Marvel Comics superheroine created by writer Stan Lee and artist/co-writer Jack Kirby. The character first appeared in "Fantastic Four" #1 in November 1961. Like the other founding members of the Fantastic Four, Sue received her powers after being exposed to a cosmic storm. Her primary power deals with light waves, allowing her to render herself and others invisible. However, she can also project powerful fields of invisible energy which she uses for a variety of offensive and defensive effects. Sue plays a central role in the lives of her brother, her husband, her children (Franklin Richards and Val Richards), and her friend, Ben Grimm. She has been adapted into motion puctures and is played by Rebecca Stabb, Jessica Alba and Kate Mara. + += = = Shigesato Itoi = = = +Shigesato Itoi ( "Itoi Shigesato", born November 10, 1948 in Gumna) is a famous Japanese copywriter, essayist, and game designer. In his video game career, his most well-known works have been games in the "EarthBound" series. + += = = The Eye (2008 movie) = = = +The Eye is a 2008 movie starring Jessica Alba. It is a remake of the 2002 Hong Kong-Thai-Singaporean movie of the same name. The movie was rated PG-13 by the MPAA for "violence/terror and disturbing content." It was directed by David Moreau and Xavier Palud. It is the story of a young blind girl who has her sight restored. She is able to see dead people, and sets out to find the history of her new eyes. + += = = Creatures (company) = = = + is a Japanese video game company. It used to be called Ape, Inc. It's most well known for the "Pokémon" video game series, trading cards, and toys, as well as the "EarthBound" series while they were Ape, Inc. + += = = Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences = = = +The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) is a professional honorary group meant for the advancement of the arts and sciences of movies. +The Academy has over 6,000 motion picture professionals as members. While the most of its members are in the United States, membership is open to filmmakers around the world. As of 2004, it had members from 36 countries. It is known around the world for its yearly Academy Awards, known to most people as the "Oscars." +Also, the Academy gives Student Academy Awards to filmmakers at the undergraduate and graduate level each year; awards up to five Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting each year; and runs the Margaret Herrick Library in Beverly Hills, California and the Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study in Hollywood, California, which will grow to include Academy Museum of Motion Pictures, to open as a tourist site in 2017. +The president of the Academy has been Cheryl Boone Issacs since 2013. + += = = The Love Guru = = = +The Love Guru is an 2008 American romantic sports comedy movie set in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was directed by Marco Schnabel and starring Mike Myers. Romany Malco, Jessica Alba and Justin Timberlake co-star. In addition to starring in the movie, Myers wrote "The Love Guru" with Graham Gordy and produced it with Gary Barber. The movie was released by Paramount Pictures on June 20, 2008 and was rated PG-13. + += = = GQ = = = +GQ (originally Gentlemen's Quarterly) is a monthly men's magazine focusing upon fashion, style, and culture for men, through articles on food, movies, physical fitness, sex, music, travel, sports, technology, and books. It is generally thought of as being more sophisticated than magazines, such as "Maxim" or "FHM". +History. +"Gentlemen's Quarterly" was launched in 1931 in the United States as Apparel Arts, a men's fashion magazine for the clothing trade, aimed primarily at wholesale buyers and retail sellers. + += = = Big Cartoon DataBase = = = +The Big Cartoon DataBase (BCDB) is an online database of information about cartoons, animated movies, and animated television shows. + += = = InStyle = = = +InStyle is a monthly women’s magazine, published by Time Inc., which is about the private side of celebrities. It started in 1995. It has a circulation of about 1.7 million. + += = = MTV Movie Awards = = = +The MTV Movie Awards is a movie awards show presented annually on MTV (Music Television). It also contains movie parodies that used official movie footage with hosts and other celebrities and music performances. The nominees are decided by a special panel at Tenth Planet Productions, the production company headed by Joel Gallen, who also created the MTV Movie Awards. Winners are decided by the general public. Presently voting is done through MTV's official website through a special Movie Awards link. + += = = Awake (movie) = = = +Awake is a 2007 American crime thriller movie. It was written and directed by Joby Harold. It stars Hayden Christensen, Jessica Alba, Lena Olin, and Terrence Howard. The movie was rated R by the MPAA for language, an intense disturbing situation, and brief drug use. +The movie was released in the United States and Canada on November 30, 2007. + += = = Tiger shark = = = +The tiger shark ("Galeocerdo cuvier") is a species of requiem shark, and is the only member of the genus Galeocerdo. This is one of the largest known species of shark. It reaches lengths of up to 5.5 metres (18 feet), and weighs over 900 kg (2000 pounds). The tiger shark is found throughout the world's coastal temperate and tropical waters, with the exception of the Mediterranean Sea, and have been known to swim to depths of up to 350 metres (1150 feet). Tiger sharks feed mainly on bony fish, rays, squid, crustaceans, seals, and dolphins. The tiger shark is the only species in its family which is ovoviviparous, giving birth to 10-82 pups at a time. +Description. +The tiger shark gets its name from the black spots and stripes which run the length of the body, like a tiger. The front of the body is quite sturdy, but becomes more slim at the back. It has a large, strong head with big eyes and a very blunt snout. The first dorsal fin is quite wide, and is located at the back of the pectoral fins. The much smaller second dorsal fin is located at the front of the anal fin which is strongly recurved. There is a ridge along the back between the dorsal fins. +The jaws of the tiger shark have large, sharp teeth which helps the shark to cut through the flesh and bones of their prey. Each tooth is jagged around the edges. The upper and lower teeth are similar in shape, and the teeth at the front are larger than the back teeth. +The dorsal surface of the tiger shark is bluish-green to dark grey or black, and the belly is yellowish-white to pure white in colour. The black spots and stripes of the tiger shark are more visible on young ones, and they fade as the shark matures. +The tiger shark is one of the largest known sharks, commonly reaching a length of 3.25-4.25 metres (11-14 feet), and weighing around 385-635 kg (850-1400 pounds). New born tiger sharks range in lengths between 51 to 76 cm (2 to 2.5 feet). Males reach maturity at 2.3-3 metres (8-10 feet), while females become mature at 2.5-3.3 metres (8-11 feet). The largest specimens are believed to reach lengths of up to 5.5 metres (18 feet), and weigh over 900 kg (2000 pounds). +Habitat. +The tiger shark is found throughout the world's coastal temperate and tropical waters, with the exception of the Mediterranean Sea. In the western Atlantic, it is found from Massachusetts to Uruguay, and in the Gulf of Mexico, the Bahamas, and the Caribbean Sea. In the eastern Atlantic, it is found in Iceland and possibly the U.K (due to the warm Gulf Stream), Morocco, Canary Islands, and from Senegal to Ivory Coast. In the Indian Ocean, it is found in Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Thailand, Vietnam, and from the Red Sea to South Africa. In the western Pacific, it is found in southern China, Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia, Palau, Solomon Islands, Marshall Islands, and Tahiti. In the eastern Pacific, it is found in Hawaii, Galapagos, and from southern California to Peru. +The tiger shark is found in many different kinds of marine habitats, but it usually prefers murky waters in coastal areas. It is also commonly found in estuaries and harbours. Shallow areas around large island chains and oceanic islands, including lagoons, are also part of the tiger shark's natural environment. The tiger shark is found near the surface to depths of up to 350 metres (1150 feet). +Behaviour. +The tiger shark is nocturnal. During the day they are mostly inactive, and they hunt during the night. They are solitary, and may attack any shark or human that comes near them. The Tiger shark can be very aggressive, and along with the great white and the bull shark, it is one of the most dangerous sharks for humans. +Feeding. +Tiger sharks have a wide variety of prey. They feed on rays, bony fish, dolphins, carrion, sea birds, sea turtles, sea snakes, crustaceans, seals, squid, and small sharks of other species. Some Tiger sharks have been found with ship garbage, and car license plates in their stomachs. Adult tiger sharks have also been known to prey on young tiger sharks. +One large female caught off the north end of the Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea had two empty cans, a plastic bottle, two burlap sacks, a squid, and a 20 cm long fish in its stomach. Also, many tiger sharks caught in harbours have been found with garbage in their stomachs. +Tiger sharks are able to find food in the dark by picking up the vibrations made by their prey in the water, and also because of their enhanced vision. +Reproduction. +For the tiger shark, maturity depends on size and not on age. Males reach maturity at 2.3-3 metres (8-10 feet), while females become mature at 2.5-3.3 metres (8-11 feet).t Tiger sharks are ovoviviparous, and females only mate once every 3 years. The time of which the mating season occurs depends on the location. In the Northern Hemisphere the mating season lasts from March until May, and in the southern hemisphere the mating season lasts from November until January. The gestation period lasts up to 16 months, and females can give birth to 10-82 pups at a time. The average lifespan in the wild for a tiger shark is 12 years. +Human interactions. +The tiger shark is second on the list of number of recorded attacks on humans, with the great white shark being first. Fortunately though, attacks are rare. In Hawaii, although tiger sharks were responsible for several deaths in the 1990s, there is an average of one shark attack per year. +Due to being fished commercially and recreationally, in some parts of its range, the tiger shark's population has decreased. Like many shark species, the fins of the tiger shark are highly prized in Asia for making shark-fin soup. Also, its meat is eaten by people, its skin is used to make leather, and its liver is taken as a source of Vitamin A. Fortunately, this species is quite fast growing and produces large numbers of young, so the tiger shark faces no real threat. Also, in areas where the numbers of adults have been reduced due to fishing, young tiger sharks have been found to be more common, as predation from the adults is lessened. Nevertheless, as the demand for shark fins continues to grow, there is concern that it could have a serious impact on this species in the future. The tiger shark is listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN. + += = = Frank Miller (comics) = = = +Frank Miller (born January 27, 1957) is an American writer, artist and movie director. He best known for his film noir-style comic book stories including Ronin, Daredevil: Born Again, The Dark Knight Returns, Sin City, and 300. +He is one of the most widely-recognized and popular creators in comics, and is one of the most influential comics creators of his generation. +Early life. +Miller was born in Olney, Maryland, on January 27, 1957, and raised in Montpelier, Vermont. +Career. +Because of his interest in comics, Miller moved to New York as a young adult to work as a comic book artist. Miller released his first graphic novel, Ronin, in 1983. Miller later wrote other graphic novels including the Dark Knight Returns and 300. +Miller moved to Los Angeles and worked in Hollywood during the 1980s and 1990s, writing the scripts for Robocop II and III. Not happy with the films, Miller stopped working in TV and movies until 2005, when Miller worked with director Robert Rodgriguez on the film, Sin City. +References. + += = = Robert Rodriguez = = = +Robert Anthony Rodriguez (born June 20 1968) is an American director, screenwriter, producer, cinematographer, editor and musician perhaps best known for making profitable, crowd-pleasing independent and studio movies with fairly low budgets and fast schedules by Hollywood standards. He shoots and produces many of his movies in Texas and Mexico. + += = = Michael Weatherly = = = +Michael Manning Weatherly, Jr. (born July 8, 1968) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Special Agent Anthony DiNozzo on the television series "NCIS". After being in over 300 episodes he is leaving NCIS at the end of the 2016 season. He also plays Dr. Jason Bull in the CBS drama series "Bull". + += = = Telegraphy = = = +Telegraphy (from the Greek words "tele (����)" = far and "graphein (�������)" = write) is the long-distance transmission of written messages without physical transport of letters. +A telegraph sends electric pulses in a special code, composed from short and large marks. Usually, amateur radio operators use Morse code. +History. +Some of the first telegraphs were made in the late 1700s, but these were hard to use because they had too many wires. Samuel Morse made a telegraph using only one wire. In 1844, he built a telegraph line from Baltimore to Washington, D.C., and soon, there were telegraphs all over the United States. This made it easier for people to talk to people far away and made it easier for people to move out West. A transatlantic telegraph cable and other developments linked the world by the end of the century. Radio telegraphy became widespread in the early 20th century, especially on ships. +People would send messages called "telegrams" to other people. They would give the message to a telegraph operator, who would send the message using Morse code. The operator on the other end would write down the message and give it to the person receiving the message. After the 1930s, it became cheaper to make long-distance telephone calls than to send telegrams, so fewer telegrams were sent. Western Union, an American company that was created for telegrams, sent its last one in 2006. +Telegraphs now. +Telegraphs have become rare. This is because of newer technology that people can use to communicate, such as the telephone and the Internet. However, morse code is still popular among amateur radio enthusiasts. + += = = Rheumatism = = = +Rheumatism or Rheumatic disorder is a general term for medical problems that can hurt the heart, bones, joints, kidney, skin and lungs. The study of these problems is called rheumatology. +Types. +The major rheumatic disorders that are known, some are: +Treatment. +Many traditional herbal remedies were recommended for "rheumatism". Modern medicine, both conventional and complementary, shows that the different rheumatic disorders have different causes (and several of them have more than one) and need different kinds of treatment. + += = = Gout = = = +Gout is a very painful medical condition. It is a red, tender, hot, swollen joint. The attacks happen most often in the joint at the base of the big toe. It is caused by crystals getting deposited from the blood. This happens when the level of uric acid in the blood is too high. The crystals then stay in joints, tendons, and surrounding tissues. +Inflammatory arthritis happens in about 50% of all cases of gout. The disease may also appear as kidney disease due to urate crystals. People with gout often have more than one attack of gout. +Doctors decide a patient has gout if they find crystals in the joint fluid. Treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, or colchicine improves symptoms. Once an attack goes away, the patient can change his or her lifestyle to reduce levels of uric acid. People who have gout attacks often may take allopurinol or probenecid to prevent symptoms later. +Gout has become more common. It affects approximately one to two percent of people in the West during their lifetimes. Risk factors have been increasing and may be causing the increase in gout. Metabolic syndrome, longer life expectancy, and changes in diet are the most common risk factors. Gout was historically known as “the disease of kings” or “the disease of rich men". +Signs and symptoms. +Gout can present in a number of ways, although the most common is a recurrent attack of intense inflammatory arthritis (a red, tender, hot, swollen joint). Joint pain usually begins over 2–4 hours and during the night. Symptoms occur at night because of the lower body temperature at this time. +High levels of uric acid in the blood over a long period of time (hyperuricemia) may cause other symptoms such as hard, painless deposits of uric acid crystals known as tophi. Extensive tophi may lead to chronic arthritis due to bone erosion. High levels of uric acid in the blood may also cause crystals to form in the kidneys. This causes stone formation followed by urate nephropathy. +Cause. +A very high, abnormal level of uric acid in the blood (hyperuricemia) is the basic cause of gout. Diet and a person's genes are two of several possible causes of the high levels. Levels can also become high if the body cannot excrete enough urate, the salts of uric acid. +Lifestyle. +The kinds and amounts of foods people eat cause about 12% of gout. Drinking alcohol or fructose-sweetened drinks, and eating meat and seafood can cause this disease. Injuries and surgery may also start an attack of gout. Recent studies showed that some beliefs about connections between diet and gout were not true. Eating purine-rich vegetables (e.g., beans, peas, lentils, and spinach) or large amounts of protein do not contribute to developing gout. Coffee, vitamin C, and dairy products, as well as physical fitness appear to decrease the risk. These things reduce insulin resistance and may reduce cases of gout. +Inherited causes. +Inherited factors are about 60% responsible for the variability in uric acid level. Two genes called SLC2A9 and ABCG2 are commonly associated with gout. Variations in these genes can almost double the risk of developing this disease. +Medical conditions. +Gout often happens with other medical problems. Metabolic syndrome happens along with nearly 75% of all cases of gout. Gout often makes these other problems worse or harder to treat: polycythemia, lead poisoning, renal failure, hemolytic anemia, psoriasis, and solid organ transplants. Males have three times the chance of getting gout when the body mass index is greater than or equal to 35. Frequent lead exposure and lead-contaminated alcohol are risk factors for gout because lead harms the kidney function. +Changes in the body. +Gout is a disorder of purine metabolism, and occurs when its final metabolite, uric acid, crystallizes in the form of monosodium urate. The blood deposits the crystals in joints, on tendons, and in the surrounding tissues. These crystals then trigger a local immune system inflammatory reaction. Uricase is required to breakdown uric acid. An evolutionary loss of uricase in humans and higher primates has made this condition more common. +The triggers that cause uric acid to build up in the blood are not well understood. While it may crystallize at normal levels, it is more likely to do so as uric acid levels increase. Other factors believed to be important in triggering an acute episode of arthritis include cool temperatures, rapid changes in uric acid levels, acidosis, articular hydration, and extracellular matrixproteins, such as proteoglycans, collagens, and chondroitin sulfate. The increased crystallization at low temperatures partly explains why the joints in the feet are most commonly affected. Rapid changes in uric acid may occur due to a number of factors, including trauma, surgery, chemotherapy, diuretics, and stopping or starting the medication allopurinol. +Diagnosis. +Gout may be diagnosed and treated without further investigations in someone with hyperuricemia and the classic podagra. If there is any doubt about the diagnosis, synovial fluid analysis should be done. X-rays are useful for identifying chronic gout only. X-rays are not useful for treating acute gout attacks. +Synovial fluid. +A definitive diagnosis of gout is based upon the identification of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in joint fluid or a tophus. All synovial fluid samples obtained from undiagnosed, inflamed joints should be examined for these crystals. Under polarized light microscopy, the crystals have a needle-like shape and strong negative birefringence. This test is difficult to perform, and often requires a trained technician. The fluid must also be examined relatively quickly after aspiration, as temperature and pH affect their solubility. +Blood tests. +Hyperuricemia is a classic feature of gout. Gout occurs nearly half of the time without hyperuricemia and most people with raised uric acid levels never develop gout. The usefulness of measuring uric acid levels is limited. Hyperuricemia is defined as a plasma urate level greater than 420 "�"mol/L (7.0 mg/dL) in males and 360 "�"mol/L (6.0 mg/dL) in females. Other blood tests commonly performed are white blood cell count, electrolytes, renal function, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Both the white blood cells and ESR may be elevated due to gout in the absence of infection. A white blood cell count as high as 40.0×109/L (40,000/mm3) has been documented in people with gout. +Differential diagnosis. +The most important diagnosis to rule out in gout is septic arthritis (an infection in the joint). This should be considered in those with signs of infection or those who do not improve with treatment. A joint fluid Gram stain and culture may be performed to support the diagnosis. Other conditions which present similarly include pseudogout and rheumatoid arthritis. Gouty tophi, especially when not in a joint, can be mistaken for basal cell carcinoma, or other cancers. +Prevention. +Both lifestyle changes and medications can decrease uric acid levels. Dietary and lifestyle choices that are effective include reducing intake of meat and seafood, eating adequate vitamin C, limiting alcohol and fructose consumption, and avoiding obesity. A low-calorie diet in obese men decreased uric acid levels by 100 �mol/L (1.7 mg/dL) on average. Vitamin C intake of 1,500 mg per day decreases the risk of gout by 45%. Coffee, but not tea, consumption is associated with a lower risk of gout. Gout may be secondary to sleep apnea through the release of purines from oxygen-starved cells. Treatment of sleep apnea can lessen the occurrence of gout attacks. +Treatment. +The first goal of treating gout is to reduce the symptoms of an acute attack. Repeated attacks can be prevented by using different drugs that reduce the uric acid levels in the blood. Ice applied for 20 to 30 minutes several times a day decreases pain. Options for immediate treatment include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine and steroids. Options for prevention include allopurinol, febuxostat and probenecid. Lowering uric acid levels can cure the disease. Treatment of comorbidities is also important. +NSAIDs. +NSAIDs are the most common treatment for gout. No specific type of NSAID is significantly more or less effective than any other. Improvement may be seen within 4 hours. Treatment is recommended for 1–2 weeks. NSAIDs are not recommended for people with certain other health problems such as bleeding from the stomach, esophagus or intestines, renal failure, or heart failure. While indomethacin has historically been the most commonly used NSAID, ibuprofen may be preferred due to its lack of side effects. A proton pump inhibitor may be given to people at risk of experiencing gastric side effects. +Colchicine. +Colchicine is an alternative treatment for people that are unable to tolerate NSAIDs. Its side effects, primarily gastrointestinal upset limit its use. The occurrence of gastrointestinal upset depends on the dose. The risk of experiencing this side effect can be reduced by using smaller, yet still effective doses. Colchicine may interact with other commonly prescribed drugs such as atorvastatin and erythromycin. +Steroids. +Glucocorticoids (otherwise known as steroids) have been found to be as effective as NSAIDs for treating gout. Glucocorticoids may be used if it is not possible to use NSAIDs. Using glucocorticoids also lead to improvement when it is injected into the joint. A joint infection must be excluded if the condition worsens. +Pegloticase. +Pegloticase (Krystexxa) was approved in the USA to treat gout in 2010. It will be a treatment option for the 3% of people who are intolerant to other medications. Pegloticase is administered as an intravenous infusion every two weeks and has been found to reduce uric acid levels in these people. +Prophylaxis. +A number of medications are useful for preventing further episodes of gout, including xanthine oxidase inhibitor (including allopurinol and febuxostat), and uricosurics (including probenecid and sulfinpyrazone). They are not usually given until one to two weeks after an acute attack has resolved due to concerns that it may worsen attack symptoms. These medications are often used in combination with either an NSAID or colchicine for the first 3–6 months. This treatment is not recommended until a person has suffered two gout attacks, unless destructive joint changes, tophi, or urate nephropathy exist. This type of treatment is delayed until this point because it is not cost effective to offer this treatment sooner. Urate-lowering measures should be increased until serum uric acid levels are below 300–360 �mol/L (5.0-6.0 mg/dL). This treatment should be continued forever. These medications should be continued even if the person experiences a gout attack while on the medication. +Uricosuric drugs are preferred for treating gout if there is not enough uric acid in the urine defined by a 24-hour collection of urine with less than 800 mg of uric acid. Uricosuric drugs are not recommended if the person has a history of renal stones. A 24-hour urine excretion of more than 800 mg indicates overproduction and xanthine oxidase inhibitors are the preferred drugs for providing treatment. Note that probenecid appears to be less effective than allopurinol. +Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (including allopurinol and febuxostat) block uric acid production. Long term therapy is safe and well tolerated, and can be used in people with reduced renal function or urate stones. Allopurinol has caused hypersensitivity in a small number of individuals. In such cases, the alternative drug febuxostat has been recommended. +Outcomes. +Without treatment, an acute attack of gout will usually resolve in 5 to 7 days. 60% of people will have a second attack within one year. Those with gout are at increased risk of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and renal and cardiovascular disease and at increased risk of death. This may be partly due to its association with insulin resistance and obesity, but some of the increased risk appears to be simply due to having gout. +Without treatment, acute gout attacks may develop into chronic gout with destruction of joint surfaces, joint deformity, and painless tophi. These tophi occur in 30% of those who are untreated for five years, often in the outer part of the ear, over the outer part of the elbow, or on the Achilles tendons. With aggressive treatment, they may dissolve. Kidney stones also frequently complicate gout, affecting between 10 and 40% of people. Kidney stones occur due to low urine pH promoting the crystallization of uric acid. Other forms of chronic renal dysfunction may occur. +Epidemiology. +Gout affects around 1–2% of the Western population at some point in their lives and it is becoming more common. Rates of gout have about doubled between 1990 and 2010. This rise is believed to be due to increasing life expectancy, changes in diet, and an increase in diseases associated with gout, such as metabolic syndrome and high blood pressure. A number of factors have been found to influence rates of gout, including age, race, and the season of the year. In men over the age of 30 and women over the age of 50, prevalence is 2%. +In the United States, gout is twice as likely to occur in African American males as it is in European Americans. Rates are high among the peoples of the Pacific Islands and the Māori of New Zealand, but rare in Australian aborigines, despite a higher average concentration of serum uric acid in the aboriginal group. Gout has become common in China, Polynesia, and urban sub-Saharan Africa. Some studies have found that gout attacks occur more frequently in the spring. This has been attributed to seasonal changes in diet, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and temperature. +History. +The word "gout" was initially used by Randolphus of Bocking, around 1200 AD. It is derived from the Latin word "gutta", meaning "a drop" (of liquid). According to the Oxford English Dictionary, this is derived from humorism and "the notion of the 'dropping' of a morbid material from the blood in and around the joints". +People have been aware of gout since ancient times. Historically, it has been referred to as "the king of diseases and the disease of kings" or "the disease of rich men". The first documentation of the disease is from Egypt in 2,600 BC. in a description of arthritis of the largest toe. The Greek physician Hippocrates around 400 BC. commented on it in his "Aphorisms" and noted its absence in eunuchs (men who have had there testicles removed at a young age) and women before menopause. Aulus Cornelius Celsus (30 AD.) described the linkage with alcohol, later onset in women, and associated kidney problems: +Again thick urine, the sediment from which is white, indicates that pain and disease are to be apprehended in the region of joints or viscera... Joint troubles in the hands and feet are very frequent and persistent, such as occur in cases of podagra and cheiragra. These seldom attack eunuchs or boys before coition with a woman, or women except those in whom the menses have become suppressed... some have obtained lifelong security by refraining from wine, mead and venery. +In 1683, Thomas Sydenham, an English physician, described its occurrence in the early hours of the morning, and its more frequent occurrence in older males: +Gouty patients are, generally, either old men, or men who have so worn themselves out in youth as to have brought on a premature old age - of such dissolute habits none being more common than the premature and excessive indulgence in venery, and the like exhausting passions. The victim goes to bed and sleeps in good health. About two o'clock in the morning he is awakened by a severe pain in the great toe; more rarely in the heel, ankle or instep. The pain is like that of a dislocation, and yet parts feel as if cold water were poured over them. Then follows chills and shivers, and a little fever... The night is passed in torture, sleeplessness, turning the part affected, and perpetual change of posture; the tossing about of body being as incessant as the pain of the tortured joint, and being worse as the fit comes on. +The Dutch scientist, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, first described the microscopic appearance of urate crystals in 1679. In 1848, English physician Alfred Baring Garrod realized that this excess uric acid in the blood was the cause of gout. +In other animals. +Gout is rare in most other animals due to their ability to produce uricase, which breaks down uric acid. Humans and other great apes don't have this ability, which makes gout common. The "Tyrannosaurus rex" specimen known as "Sue", however, is believed to have suffered from gout. +Research. +A number of new medications are under study for treating gout, including anakinra, canakinumab, and rilonacept. A man made uricase enzyme (rasburicase) is also available. Its use is limited because it triggers an autoimmune response. Versions of this medication that are less prone to cause allergies are in development. + += = = Bright's disease = = = +Bright's disease is a historical classification of kidney diseases that are now called acute or chronic nephritis. The main symptom is the presence of serum albumin (blood plasma protein) in the urine, and frequently accompanied by oedema and hypertension. +The term is no longer used, as the disease is now classified by its better known causes. + += = = Night shift = = = +A night shift is either a group of workers who work during the night, or the time that they work. See shift work or graveyard shift. +Night Shift (with capital initial letters) could mean: + += = = National Football League Training Camp = = = +In the National Football League, NFL Training Camp is the time before the season starts. During this time, teams will work hard at an special place, often a university. This is almost the same as baseball's spring training. + += = = Training camp = = = +A training camp is a place where soldiers or sports players go to learn skills. Often, they go there to learn physical action, rather than book subjects they would learn at a school. In major sports like the National Football League, training camp refers to the time before the season starts. +In the military, Recruit training (also called "basic training" or "boot camp") helps new military personnel get the mental and physical fitnesss they need for their military career. Each military branch in a country usually has its own training program. There are also civilian boot camps for those who want to experience military training without joining the military. + += = = Sperm whale = = = +The sperm whale ("Physeter catodon"), also known as the cachalot, is the largest toothed whale. It has the biggest head of any animal. The head can be about long, and is about one-third of the whale's body. It also has biggest brain in the entire animal kingdom. Its lower jaw is small and contains its huge, conical teeth. These teeth fit into sockets in the upper jaw. +Diet. +Sperm whales are carnivores (meat-eaters). They mostly hunt medium-sized squid. They also eat many kinds of fish such as skate. Sometimes they hunt giant squid that live on the ocean bottom at great depths. They can dive up to 2250 m and stay underwater for two hours. +Size. +Sperm whales can reach up to 20.7m long, and weigh up to 80,000kg. There is disagreement on the claims of adult males approaching, reaching or exceeding 24m in length. +Echolocation. +Like other toothed whales, the sperm whale uses echolocation, a way of sensing in which they emit high-pitched clicks and sense them as they bounce back off objects (like prey). This is crucial in hunting in the dark ocean depths. + += = = Camp Rock = = = +Camp Rock is a 2008 American musical comedy movie made by the Disney Channel. +Camp Rock soundtrack. +"Camp Rock" is the soundtrack of the movie. It was released on June 17, 2008. Full songs of the album were made available on Camp Rock's official web site for one week, beginning June 10, 2008. The full soundtrack was first broadcast on Radio Disney on June 14, 2008 during "Planet Premiere: Camp Rock". The soundtrack was released in the United Kingdom on July 14, 2008. The whole premise of the movie is the fact that E-ZPass was not accepted on the Ohio Turnpike +Original soundtrack. +The soundtrack album (both original and special edition) is an enhanced CD which contains a clip of an acoustic version of "This Is Me" when played on the computer with internet access. +Camp Rock: Extended and Remixed. +Camp Rock: Extended and Remixed is a special edition of the original soundtrack due for a release on September 30, 2008. +Track listing. +Camp Rock 2 +Gary Marsh, the president of Entertainment, Disney Channel World, confirmed that a script was almost complete for Camp Rock 2. According to The Hollywood Reporter, all the principal cast was expected to return,[5] with a special appearance by Frankie Jonas.[6] +Demi Lovato - Mitchie Torres, +Joe Jonas - Shane Gray, +Meaghan Jette Martin - Tess Tyler, +Alyson Stoner - Catilyn Geller, +Jasmine Richards - Margaret Peggy DuPree, +Anna Maria Perez de Tagle - Ella, +Maria Canals Barrera - Connie Torres, +Kevin Jonas - Jason, +Aaryn Doyle - Lola Scott, +Jordan Francis - Barron James, +Roshon Fegan - Sander Loya, +Daniel Fathers - Brown Cessario, +Nick Jonas - Nate, +Frankiee Jonas - Max Gray, +Olesya Rulin - Taira Stevens, +Daniel Curtis Lee - Connor Geller, +Edward Jaunz - Steve Torres, +Michelle Trachtenberg - Shanica Towels, +Jennifer Ricci - TJ Tyler, +Camily Acuña - Miriam Torres, +Mery Gambarotta - Sibley Tyler + += = = Amani Toomer = = = +Amani Toomer () (born September 8, 1974 in Berkeley, California) is a retired American football wide receiver that played for the New York Giants and Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League. He won Super Bowl XLII with the Giants on February 3, 2008. + += = = Mega Man 9 = = = +Mega Man 9, known in Japan as , is a platform video game made by Capcom for the Wii's WiiWare service, PlayStation Network, and Xbox Live Arcade. It is the first game in the original "Mega Man" series to be made since the release of "Mega Man 8" for the PlayStation in 1996. It has the same graphics as the NES "Mega Mans". + += = = Mega Man 8 = = = +Mega Man 8, known in Japan as , is a platform video game made by Capcom for the PlayStation and Sega Saturn game consoles. It stars the character Mega Man, the mascot of the franchise. + += = = Mega Man 7 = = = +Mega Man 7, known in Japan as , is a platform video game made by Capcom for the Super NES game console. + += = = Mega Man 6 = = = +Mega Man 6, known in Japan as , is a platform video game for the Nintendo Entertainment System game console. + += = = Mega Man 5 = = = +Mega Man 5, known in Japan as , is a platform video game made by Capcom for the Nintendo Entertainment System. + += = = Mega Man 4 = = = +Mega Man 4, known in Japan as , is a platform video game made by Capcom for the Nintendo Entertainment System game console. + += = = Touchdown = = = +A touchdown is a common way of scoring in American and Canadian football. A team gets a touchdown by the person with the ball running across the line of the goal, or catching the ball while past the line of the goal. In American and Canadian football, a touchdown gives the team 6 points. The team also gets a chance to score 1 or 2 more points in what is called an extra point. + += = = Eton, Berkshire = = = +Eton is a town in Berkshire, England. It is next to the opposite bank of the River Thames to Windsor and is connected to the Windsor Bridge. + += = = Eton = = = +Eton could mean: + += = = Naomi = = = +Naomi may refer to: + += = = Mega Man 3 = = = +Mega Man 3, known in Japan as , is a platform video game made by Capcom for the Nintendo Entertainment System game console. + += = = Semitic languages = = = +The Semitic languages are a branch of Afroasiatic languages spoken in North Africa, Arabia, the Horn of Africa and the Middle East. +The Semitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family, which originated in the Middle East. Semitic languages are spoken by more than 470 million people across much of Western Asia, North Africa and the Horn of Africa, as well as in large communities of people from different countries in North America and Europe. +The name was taken from Shem, a son of Noah in Genesis (chapters 6-11). +Some examples of Semitic languages are Arabic, Aramaic, Hebrew, and Maltese. + += = = Mega Man 2 = = = +Mega Man 2, known in Japan as Rockman 2: The Mystery of Dr. Wily, is a platform video game made by Capcom for the Nintendo Entertainment System game console. + += = = Mega Man (1987 video game) = = = +Mega Man is also known as in Japan. It is a video game developed and published by Capcom for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). It is the first game in the original "Mega Man" series. It was released in Japan on December 17, 1987. It was released in North America on December 1987 and Europe on May 1990. +Plot. +Two scientists, Dr. Light and Dr. Wily, create humanoid robots; Wily goes rogue and reprograms most of the robots for world domination. It's up to Mega Man, a robot created by Dr. Light, to stop Dr. Wily and his army of "Robot Masters". +Gameplay. +The game opens with a boss select screen, giving you the option to choose which of the "Robot Masters" you wish to take down first. Once you have selected a Robot Master you are teleported by Dr. Light to an approximation of the Robot Master's location. From there you must find your way to the Robot Master, along the way overcoming many traps, pitfalls and other obstacles. Once you defeat a Robot Master you gain its power, which can be used on other Robot Masters and follows a Rock, paper, scissors type effectiveness, where a rock attack would work better on a robot with scissors than one made of paper. + += = = Mario Kart 64 = = = + is a Nintendo 64 racing game and the second main installment for the "Mario Kart" series made by Nintendo. It was later released for the Wii's Virtual Console in January 2007, and for the Wii U in January 2016, and is one of the launch titles for the Nintendo Switch Online. It features Mario, Luigi, Princess Peach, Toad, Yoshi, Donkey Kong, Wario, and Bowser as playable characters. This game marks the first appearance of Luigi, Wario, and Donkey Kong in a Nintendo 64 game. + += = = Super Mario Kart = = = +Super Mario Kart is a Super Nintendo Entertainment System racing game released first in 1992 and the first main installment for the "Mario Kart" series, made by Nintendo. It has eight playable characters from the "Mario" series. + += = = Isaac = = = +Isaac is a figure in Abrahamic religions, one of the three Patriarchs. He is described in the Bible, in the Book of Genesis (chapters 18-27). He was the son of Abraham and Sarah. God tells them they will have a child but they think they are too old and they laugh. They name the boy Isaac after their laughter. Isaac marries Rebecca, and is the father of Esau and Jacob. + += = = Sarah = = = +Sarah or Sara was the wife and half-sister of Abraham in the Old Testament book of Genesis (Chapters 12-23). They got married in Haran. She was barren for a long period. She had a child with Abraham named Isaac when she was 90. She lived until she was 127, and was buried by Abraham in Hebron. Her name was Sarai but God changed it to Sarah. +"Sarah" (also spelled Sara) is also a popular Hebrew female name in English. It means 'princess'. + += = = Saul = = = +Saul (;, meaning "asked for, prayed for"; ; , "Ṭālūt" or , "Ša'ūl") is a King in the Books of Samuel, 1 Chronicles and the Qur'an. He was the first king of ancient Israel. He reigned from 1047 BC to 1010 BC. +In the Bible, Saul loves and obeys God, until he stops listening to God and becomes greedy, losing God's whole interest for him. Samuel, the prophet, comes and gives him a warning that God is not with him anymore. When turning to leave, Saul grabs Samuel's robe, and it tears. Samuel says (1Samuel15:28~29), "The Lord has torn the kingdom of Israel from you today and has given it to one of your neighbors - to one better than you. He who is the Glory of Israel does not lie or change his mind; for he is not a man, that he should change his mind." +Then the spirit of the Lord departs from Saul, and an evil spirit torments him. Saul takes David the shepherd, and the youngest son of Jesse, into his service to play a harp for him and so that he would be soothed when the evil spirit rests upon him. Later he gets jealous of David, and begins to suspect David as the 'one of your neighbors' that Samuel had mentioned. He grows afraid of David, and finally his jealousy turns to hatred, and he wishes to kill him. But Saul's son Jonathan is bound to David in friendship,which makes his anger fume on Jonathan as well. +Later, Saul dies at the battle against the Philistines, and falls on his own sword because he does not want to be abused by the 'uncircumcised' Philistines.1 Samuel and 2 Samuel give conflicting accounts of Saul's death. In 1 Samuel, and in a parallel account in 1 Chronicles 10, as the defeated Israelites flee, Saul asks his armour bearer to kill him, but he refuses, and so Saul falls upon his own sword. In 2 Samuel, an Amalekite tells David he found Saul leaning on his spear after the battle and delivered the "coup de grâce". David has the Amalekite put to death for accusing himself of killing the anointed king. Saul's three sons, Jonathan, Abinadab, and Melchishua were also killed in the battle (). King David, who hears about the tragedy after the battle, curses the mountain: +The victorious Philistines recover Saul's body as well as those of his three sons who also died in the battle, decapitated them and displayed them on the wall of Beth-shan. They display Saul's armour in the temple of Ashtaroth (an Ascalonian temple of the Canaanites). But at night the inhabitants of Jabesh-Gilead retrieve the bodies for cremation and burial (). Later on, David takes the bones of Saul and of his son Jonathan and buries them in Zela, in the tomb of his father (). The account in 1 Chronicles summarises by stating that: +Saul's Descendants. +After the death of King Saul his only surving son was proclaimed King of Israel; Ish-bosheth was 40 years old at this time and reigned for two years (). However, after the death of King Saul, the tribe of Judah seceded from the rule of the House of Saul by proclaiming David as its king (), and war ensued (). David's faction eventually prevailed against Ish-bosheth's (), but the war did not come to a close until Abner joined David (). Before the death of Saul, David had been married to Saul's daughter Michal, Ishbosheth's sister, until Saul and David had a falling out and Saul gave her to another man (). Later, at the conclusion of the war with Ishbosheth, David's terms for peace required that Michal be returned to him, and Ish-bosheth complied (). After Abner's death, Ish-bosheth seems to have given up hope of retaining power ().Ish-bosheth was assassinated by two of his own army-captains, Rechab and Baanah (), who expected a reward from David because of this. David, however, refused to give any commendation for high treason; he had both killers hanged with their hands and feet cut off. The head of Ishbosheth was buried in Abner's grave at Hebron. ()Michal was childless. +A famine lasting three years hit Israel during the earlier half of David's reign at Jerusalem. This calamity was believed to have happened because of "Saul and for his bloody house, because he slew the Gibeonites." The Gibeonites were not Israelites, but the remnant of the Amorites, which Saul pursued from within Israel. David inquired of the Gibeonites what satisfaction they demanded, and was answered that nothing would compensate for the wrong Saul had done to them but the death of seven of Saul's sons.() +David accordingly delivered up to them the two sons of Saul's Concubine Rizpah (Armoni and Mephibosheth() and five of the sons of Merab, Saul's eldest daughter, whom she bore to Adriel. These the Gibeonites put to death, and hung up their bodies at the sanctuary at Gibeah. () Rizpah thereupon took her place on the rock of Gibeah, and for five months watched the suspended bodies of her children, to prevent them from being devoured by the beasts and birds of prey, () till they were at length taken down and buried by David () in the family grave at Zelah with the bones of Saul and Jonathan. (2 Samuel 21:14). +The only male descendant of Saul to survive was Mephibosheth, Jonathan's lame son (), who was five years old at the time of his father's and grandfather's deaths. In time, he came under the protection of David (). Mephibosheth had a young son, Micah (), who had four sons and descendants named until the ninth generation (). + += = = Ecclesiastes = = = +Ecclesiastes is a book in the Old Testament of the Bible. It is described as "the words of the Philosopher, David's son, who was King in Jerusalem" (verse 1). This is probably Solomon. The book talks about the meaning of life and the best way to live. +People disagree about what the Book of Ecclesiastes means. Some people think the book is very pessimistic, saying "all is vain", "there is nothing new under the sun."(Chapter I), and "I looked again at all the injustice that goes on in this world. The oppressed were weeping but no one would help them. No one would help them, because their oppressors had power on their side. I envy those who are dead and gone; they are better off than those who are still alive. But better off than either are those who have never been born." (Chapter 4) Other people think the book says that even though life is hard and we will all die someday, we should just enjoy God's gifts. +The book finishes by saying: ""Fear God, and keep his commandments; for that is the whole duty of everyone" (12:13). +Impact. +Some of the sayings and ideas in Ecclesiastes have become important in British and American culture. For example, the saying "there is nothing new under the sun" is often used in the United States. +During the American Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln used a quote from Ecclesiastes in a speech to Congress: "One generation passeth away, and another generation cometh: but the earth abideth for ever..." ("One generation of people dies, and another generation is born, but the world will be here forever.") +President Joe Biden has also made a brief reference of Ecclesiastes during his winning speech after the 2020 Presidential Election: "To everything there is a season: a time to build, a time to reap, and a time to sow and a time to heal. This is the time to heal in America.” +Famous American writer Thomas Wolfe once said: "Ecclesiastes is the greatest single piece of writing I have ever known, and the wisdom expressed in it the most lasting and profound." +One of the most famous parts of Ecclesiastes is verses 3:1 to 3:8: +""To every thing there is a season, and a time to every purpose under the heaven:"<br> +"A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted;"<br> +"A time to kill, and a time to heal; a time to break down, and a time to build up;"<br> +"A time to weep, and a time to laugh; a time to mourn, and a time to dance;"<br> +"A time to cast away stones, and a time to gather stones together; a time to embrace, and a time to refrain from embracing;"<br> +"A time to get, and a time to lose; a time to keep, and a time to cast away;"<br> +"A time to rend, and a time to sew; a time to keep silence, and a time to speak;"<br> +"A time to love, and a time to hate; a time of war, and a time of peace."" +Pete Seeger made a song named "Turn, Turn, Turn!" that included lines from these verses of Ecclesiastes. The Byrds had an international hit with their version of this song in 1965. +References. + += = = Slim = = = +Slim may mean to: + += = = Judas Iscariot = = = +Judas Iscariot (last name means "Man of Kerioth") was one of the original disciples of Jesus. He is found in all four gospels of the New Testament. He is described as having betrayed Jesus for money, then killing himself. He is said to have been the treasurer for the apostles. +Even though he was one of Jesus' disciples, he helped the chief priests arrest Jesus. Then those priests told the Roman governor to kill Jesus. The priests paid Judas thirty pieces of silver for his help. Later; due to great sense of guilt for betraying Jesus, Judas tried to give back the silver. When he was unable to undo when he had done, he committed suicide. +At the Last Supper, Jesus told his disciples that one of them would betray him. Matthew and Luke wrote that Jesus implied that it was Judas. +While Jesus was praying on the Mount of Olives, Judas brought the priests and their men to him. Then he kissed Jesus, so that the priests could know who he was. Then the priests took Jesus away to be killed. The priests gave Judas money for helping them. +The Gospel of Matthew states that Judas felt guilty that he helped kill Jesus. He tried to give the money back to the priests, but they said it was illegal. So Judas threw the money into the temple, and then hanged himself. Then the priests used the money to buy a graveyard for strangers. +In the book of Acts, Judas used the money to buy a field for himself, but died there a while after. After Judas died, the other disciples chose a man named Matthias to take his place as a new disciple in the group of 12. +Related pages. +The following people were the other apostles of Jesus: + += = = Pinstripes = = = +Pin stripes are a pattern of very thin stripes running in parallel found in cloth. +Although pin stripes are found in mostly in men's suits, any type of fabric can be pin striped. In baseball, the Chicago Cubs baseball uniforms have had pin stripes since 1907 and they are recognized as the first Major League Baseball team to have pin striping onto a baseball uniform. Many other Major League Baseball teams like the Montreal Expos and New York Yankees later put pin stripes on their own uniforms. + += = = Stripe = = = +A stripe is a long, straight line of a single color, may mean: +In entertainment: +In animals: + += = = Baseball park = = = +A baseball park, baseball stadium, or ball park / ballpark is a place where baseball is played. It refers to the field of play, seating areas (if any) and any other things added to it. +The flexible rules about baseball fields (aside from the rigid rules of sizes of basepaths and pitcher's mound) allow ballparks to have their own character and quirks. This happens at all levels of baseball, amateur and especiallyprofessional. This makes each stadium interesting and unique. +Field. +The baseball field is a grassy field that is about or more in diameter, and is separated into the "infield" (the area nearest to the batter) and the "outfield". +The infield is a square (usually called a "diamond"), with each side being long. In each corner of the square, there is a "base", which is a square with sides of . One of the bases is called home base or home plate, and the sides of the square that touch home plate are extended beyond the two nearest bases until the outfield fence (which is or more away from home plate) to form the foul lines. Most of what happens in a baseball game happens in the area of the field in between the foul lines and the outfield fence, which is called fair territory. All other areas of the field (except the foul lines) are called foul territory. +Major League Ballparks. +Below is a list of all current ballparks for teams of major league baseball. + += = = Venus Rising = = = +Venus Rising was a 1995 movie starring Jessica Alba, Henry Bean and Morgan Fairchild. + += = = Child soldier = = = +Children that are actively participating in an armed conflict are called child soldiers. There are different definitions. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child says that this affects all who are 15 years or younger, who directly take part in hostilities. The convention dates from 1989. There is an annex protocol, which raises this to 18 years of age. It dates from 2001. It says that regular troop members must be 18 or older, and those who join voluntarily must be 14 or older. Some groups say that people who help armed groups but do not fight, and that are under 18, are also child soldiers. UNICEF, terre des hommes, and Amnesty International also have this view: Everyone who is a combattant, or who helps, and is under 18, is a child soldier. The Cape Town Principles have an even wider definition: Porters, informants, cooks, and girls who have been forcefully prostituted are child soldiers, too. In that way, they get the status of combatants. On the one hand, this legalizes fighting against them. On the other, this gives them rights when they are captured. They have to be treated according to the Geneva Conventions as "prisoners of war". +War crime. +The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court says that recruiting people below the age of 15 is a war crime, and must be prosecuted. Thomas Lubanga was the first person to be tried for this crime at the court in Den Haag. He was sentenced to 14 years in prison and left prison in 2020. +Numbers. +According to a UN source, 300,000 children were actively participating in armed conflicts, in 1996. +It is estimated that between 10% and 30% of child soldiers are girls. Some estimates say that over 40% of the child soldier population are girls. Of the verified cases presented in the 2023 UN Secretary-General report, girls make up 12.3% of all child soldiers recruited or used by armed groups. +Social groups they are from. +Children who are recruited are often from poorer parts of the population. Because of the conflict, they may have been separated from their parents. They are looking for safety and shelter. Often they are refugees. Also, children are often easier to convince than adults. + += = = Paranoid (2000 movie) = = = +Paranoid is a 2000 Indie film, directed by John Duigan, which was made for theatrical release but was later released directly to video. It stars Jessica Alba and Iain Glen. + += = = The Sleeping Dictionary = = = +The Sleeping Dictionary is a 2003 movie by Guy Jenkin. It was filmed in Sarawak and is set during the British colonial rule in the 1930s. Jessica Alba and Hugh Dancy were in the movie. + += = = DVD Exclusive Awards = = = +The DVD Exclusive Awards is an award that honors direct to video productions. The awards were first held in 2001. They are awarded by online periodical "Video Business" and The Digital Entertainment Group. + += = = Mekhi Phifer = = = +Mekhi Thira Phifer (born December 29, 1974) is an American actor. He was born in Harlem, New York. He played Greg Pratt on NBC's television series "ER". He won season four of Bravo's "Celebrity Poker Showdown". He had a recurring role in "Curb Your Enthusiasm". + += = = Imagen Awards = = = +The Imagen Awards are awards given to Latin Americans in the movie industry. They are held by the Imagen Foundation. This organization is dedicated to recognizing the role of Latin American people in the entertainment industry. +Awards have been made to movie stars like Jessica Alba. + += = = The Ten = = = +The Ten is a comedy movie directed by David Wain and cowritten by Ken Marino through ThinkFilm. The movie was released on August 3, 2007. The DVD was released on January 15, 2008. It stars Jessica Alba. + += = = Meet Bill = = = +Meet Bill (formerly known as "Bill") is a 2008 comedy movie written and directed by Bernie Goldmann and Melisa Wallick and starring Aaron Eckhart and Jessica Alba. + += = = Chicago Hope = = = +Chicago Hope is a CBS Medical drama series created by David E. Kelley that ran from September 18, 1994, to May 4, 2000. It took place in a fictional private charity hospital in Chicago. + += = = After school special = = = +An after school special is a type of American television program intended to be viewed by adolescents when they return home from school, usually at about 4:00 pm. It was started by the American Broadcasting Company in 1972. Its rival, CBS, also put out an after school special show titled "Schoolbreak Specials" in 1984. + += = = ALMA Award = = = +The American Latino Media Arts Award, or ALMA Award is an award given to Latino performers (actors, film and television directors, and musicians) who promote positive portrayals of Latinos in the entertainment field. In Spanish, "alma" means spirit or soul. + += = = Entourage (TV series) = = = +Entourage is an Emmy Award-winning HBO original series created by Doug Ellin. It was shown from 2004-2011. It chronicles the rise of Vincent Chase and his childhood friends from Queens, New York City as they navigate the unfamiliar terrain of Hollywood, California. Doug Ellin, Mark Wahlberg, and Stephen Levinson serve as the show's executive producers, and the show's premise is loosely based on Wahlberg's experiences as an up-and-coming movie star. + += = = Young Artist Award = = = +The Young Artist Award (first known as the Youth In Film Award) is an award given by the Young Artist Foundation. The foundation was started in 1978 to award child actors and singers under the age of 21 for their work in movies, television, theater and music. The foundation also raises money for talented children to go to school. +The were given in October 1979, at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood for child actors' and singers' work during the years 1978 and 1979. The will be given on May 4, 2014 at the Sportsmen's Lodge in Southern California for child actors' work during the year 2013. +Young Artist Foundation. +The Young Artist Foundation is a charity started in 1978 by Hollywood Foreign Press member, Maureen Dragone to raise money for child artists to go to special schools to study acting, singing, or other special arts. One of the most well known contributors to give money to the Young Artist Foundation is the Hollywood Foreign Press Association. +Young Artist Awards. +History. +The Young Artist Awards are given every year by the Young Artist Foundation. The awards were called the Youth In Film Awards for the first 20 years, but the name was changed to the Young Artist Awards for the 21st awards in March 2000. The awards are sometimes called the "Kiddie Oscars", because many people believe they are like the Academy Awards for children working in Hollywood. +The awards were started by Maureen Dragone in 1979 to award child actors and singers for their work during the years 1978 and 1979 because she thought child actors didn't have a fair chance to win other awards given to adults like the Academy Award and the Golden Globe Award. Two child actors who had to compete with adults for other awards that year were Ricky Schroder in "The Champ" and Justin Henry in "Kramer vs. Kramer". The awards ceremony was held in November or December for the first 10 years, but the ceremony is now held in March or April. +Statue. +The first Youth In Film Award was a small statue that looked like a small Academy Award. It was a statue of a small golden man holding a wreath in front of his chest and he stood on a very large base that looked like a sports trophy. The new Young Artist Award statue still looks like a small Academy Award, but now the small golden man holds a star over his head and he stands on a much smaller base that is much easier for small children to hold. All the winners are given the golden statue and all the children who are nominated are given a special plaque at the ceremony to remember their nomination. +Voting. +The children that the Young Artist Awards considers nominating must be between the ages of 5 and 21 and are first suggested by the child's agent or manager. Their names must be suggested by the end of January or the middle of February and, one month later, the Young Artist Awards throws a special party to announce the names of the children who they have decided to nominate. The Youth In Film Awards were originally given to young artists up to the age of 21, but the awards are now given to children under the age of 18 most of the time. +Winners are chosen by the Young Artist Association. The association was originally called the Hollywood Women's Photo and Press Club and its members were 88 journalists and photographers who worked in the arts. Today, the Young Artist Association has over 125 members who are journalists, agents, and former child performers. The winners are picked by The Young Artist Association and past nominees who all vote by secret ballot. +Categories. +The first Youth In Film Awards gave awards in 11 competitive categories in 1979. The first categories for child artists were "Best Juvenile Actor and Actress in a Motion Picture", "Best Juvenile Actor and Actress in a TV Series or Special", "Best Juvenile Actor and Actress in a Daytime TV Series", and "Best Male and Female Juvenile Recording Artist". The Youth In Film Awards also gave awards to studios and networks in competitive categories for family friendly movies and television shows. +Today, the number of categories has grown to award "Best Young Actor and Actress in an International Feature Film", "Best Young Actor and Actress in a Short Film", "Best Young Supporting Actor and Actress in Film", "Best Young Ensemble Cast", "Best Young Recurring Actor and Actress in a TV Series", and "Best Young Guest-starring Actor and Actress in a TV Series". Many of the categories have been split to award children age 10 and under in their own separate categories. The Young Artist Awards has also awarded children for their work in other arts over the years, including theater, dance, commercials, journalism, radio and stand-up comedy. +Special Awards. +While the number of acting categories has grown, some competitive categories like "Best Juvenile Recording Artist", "Best Family Motion Picture" and "Best Family TV Series" are no longer awarded. The awards for those categories are now given as special "Honorary" awards. The most well known Young Artist Honorary Awards are the "Jackie Coogan Award", which is given to movie studios, producers or directors for their "Outstanding Contribution To Youth Through Entertainment", and the "Former Child Star Award", which is given as a "Lifetime Achievement Award" to adults who were once child stars. +Ceremony. +The ceremony is held every year in Hollywood and it is the most formal awards ceremony for child actors. The child nominees and their parents are expected to "dress up" in suits or party dresses, and many arrive in long cars called limousines. Reporters and photographers are invited to the red carpet before the show, to take pictures and talk to the child stars when they arrive and sign autographs for fans. The children picked to announce the winners on stage each year are usually the winners from the year before or from the year's list of nominees. After the ceremony is a formal dinner and then dancing with live music performed by popular child singers. +The first Youth In Film Awards were given in October 1979 at a ceremony held at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood, California. Other locations for the ceremony over the years are the Ambassador Hotel's Coconut Grove, the Globe Theatre, the Beverly Garland Hotel, and the Sportsmen's Lodge. + += = = The Sydney Morning Herald = = = +The Sydney Morning Herald is a newspaper made in Sydney, Australia. It is made by an Australian company called Fairfax, and started on 18 April 1831. + += = = Sandpit = = = +A sandbox or sandpit is a small area filled with sand made for children to play in. Sandboxes are often rectangular with wooden sides. They can be installed in the gardens of homes. Sandpits are also very popular for making sandcastles. However, some animals use them for litter trays. Sandboxes can be found in most elementary schools. They can also be made of plastic, and in different shapes. +History. +German sand gardens were the first children's toys used by the public. They were brought to the United States at an unknown time, in Boston. + += = = Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. = = = +Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. is an American company known for publishing the "Encyclopædia Britannica", the world's oldest encyclopedia, and also the second largest. + += = = Batting order (baseball) = = = +The batting order, or batting lineup, in baseball is an when nine members of the offense take their turns in batting against the pitcher in an order. The batting order is decided by the manager before the game begins, although sometimes during games, a player substitutes with another player which makes the take the original player's spoy. If a team bats out of order, it is a violation of baseball's rules and subject to penalty. When the whole batting order makes plate appearances (bats against the pitcher) in a single inning, it is called "batting around." +In modern American baseball, some batting positions have nicknames: "leadoff" for first, "cleanup" for fourth, and "last" for ninth. Others are known only by the ordinal numbers. + += = = Hammerhead shark = = = +The Hammerhead sharks are a group of sharks which make up the family Sphyrnidae. Their unusual head looks like a hammer. This "hammer" on its head is also known as the "cephalofoil". +Of the nine species of the Hammerhead sharks, the Winghead shark is in the genus Eusphyra, and the other eight are in the genus "Sphyrna". +Description. +There are nine known species of Hammerhead sharks. They range from the length of 0.9 meters to the length of 6.1 meters, and weigh from 500 pounds (225 kg) to 1000 pounds (450 kg). They are usually light grey with a tint of green, but some are more greener in colour then others, and the belly in white. +The unusual structure of the head makes the head look like a hammer, this is why they are known as "Hammerhead sharks". Since the eyes are positioned on the ends of the cephalofoil, Hammerheads are able to see everything around them, including what is under them, and what is above them. This head helps hammerhead sharks make very tight turns in the water, and it also helps them sense prey. +Feeding. +Hammerhead sharks are aggressive hunters and feed on crustaceans, molluscs like octopuses and squids, and many types of fish. They also eat other types of sharks. Hammerhead Sharks favourite type of food is stingrays. They are known to swim along the bottom of the ocean, following their prey. Hammerhead sharks use their cephalofoil as a weapon to hunt for stingrays; they hit stingrays with their cephalofoil to weaken the stingray, and then eat the stingray. When Hammerhead Sharks can not find food, they have been known to eat each other, but Great hammerhead sharks have been known to eat their own young. +Reproduction. +Hammerhead Sharks are viviparous, meaning they give live birth. Females usually give birth to 12 to 15 pups at a time, but the Great hammerhead shark gives birth to around 20 to 40 pups at a time. Once they are born, baby Hammerhead sharks come together in groups and swim towards warmer waters. They stay together in groups until they are older and big enough to live on their own. Hammerhead shark live for around 20 to 30 years. +In 2007, the bonnethead was found to be capable of asexual reproduction, making it the first shark to be able to do this. +Evolution. +The hammerhead sharks are a monophyletic group. sequence analysis shows they evolved from the Winghead shark. +Relationship with humans. +Out of the nine species of Hammerhead sharks three are dangerous to humans: the Scalloped Hammerhead shark, the Great hammerhead shark, and the Smooth Hammerhead shark. +The Great and Scalloped are listed as endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, while the Smalleye Hammerhead shark is listed as vulnerable. This is because of over-fishing for the fins of Hammerhead sharks, which are used in sharkfin soup. +In 2010, 33 attacks were reported, but none of these attacks were fatal. +Hawaiian culture. +In Hawaiian culture, sharks are considered to be gods of the seas, they are also known as "aumakua", protectors of humans, and cleaners of ocean life. Some of these sharks are believed to be family members who have died and have turned into sharks. But there are some sharks which are known as "niuhi", or man-eaters. These sharks include Great White Sharks, Tiger sharks, and Bull sharks. The Hammerhead sharks are known as "mano kihikihi", they are not considered as man-eaters or "niuhi", but are considered one of the most respected sharks in the oceans, an "aumakua". Many Hawaiians believe that they have an "aumakua" which watches over them and protects them from the "niuhi". + += = = 1982–83 NHL season = = = +The 1982–83 NHL season was the 66th season of the National Hockey League. Twenty-one teams each played 80 games. Before the start of the season, the Colorado Rockies moved to East Rutherford, New Jersey where they were renamed New Jersey Devils. They were also moved to the Patrick Division, making the unwilling Winnipeg Jets to leave the Norris Division and take Colorado's place in the Smythe Division. This would be the last time an NHL team moved until 1993. +The last remaining players from the Original Six era, (Carol Vadnais, Serge Savard, and Wayne Cashman) all retired after this season. Cashman was the last to play, losing in the Wales Conference Finals as a player for the Bruins. +The New York Islanders won their fourth Stanley Cup in a row by beating the Edmonton Oilers four games to none. No team in any major professional North American sport has won four championships in a row since the Islanders. +Regular season. +The Boston Bruins led the league in total points with 110. The defending Stanley Cup champion New York Islanders went from first overall and finished tied for 6th overall. The high-scoring Edmonton Oilers tied for second overall. The Oilers set a new record, which they had just set the previous year, for most goals in a season with 424. They were led by Wayne Gretzky, who had 196 points. The Oilers also tied the Boston Bruins' 1971 record for most 100-point players in one season as Wayne Gretzky, Glenn Anderson, Jari Kurri, and Mark Messier all had more than 100 points. +Final standings. +"Note: GP = Games played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; GF = Goals for; GA = Goals against; Pts = Points; PIM = Penalties in minutes" +"Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold" +Scoring leaders. +"Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points" +Stanley Cup playoffs. +Finals. +New York Islanders vs. Edmonton Oilers +"New York wins the series 4–0." +First games. +The following is a list of players of note who played their first NHL game in 1982–83 (listed with their first team, stars(*) mark start in playoffs): +Last games. +The following is a list of players of note that played their last game in the NHL in 1982–83 (listed with their last team): + += = = Aladdin (movie) = = = +Aladdin is the name of several movies. + += = = Horní Rápotice = = = +Horní Rápotice is a village in the Pelhřimov District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 157 people live there and it has 3.98 km2. It was first documented in 1352. + += = = Krásná Hora = = = +Krásná Hora is a village in the Havlíčkův Brod District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 524 people live there. It covers 22.21 km2. It was first documented in 1379. + += = = Telegram = = = +A telegram (Greek tele: distant and gramma: letter) is a written message transmitted by using an electric device. The message was carried along wires, and the text written or printed and delivered by hand or teleprinter. +Telegrams were very widely used, because private telephones were not usual. Nowadays they are not useful because most people have private telephones and the use of e-mail. The idea was developed by the British Post Office as a service for urgent letters. + += = = Mladé Bříště = = = +Mladé Bříště is a village in the Pelhřimov District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 245 people live there. It covers 5.33 km2. It was first documented in 1226. + += = = Beluga whale = = = +The beluga whale ("Delphinapterus leucas") is a small, toothed whale that is white as an adult. They are found in coastal areas of the Arctic Ocean, and travel south when the sea ice forms. +Description. +The beluga's body is stout and has a small, blunt head with a small beak, tiny eyes and thick layers of blubber. On their head they have a round shape called the melon. This melon holds oil, and the whale is able to change its shape. Scientists believe that it has something to do with the whale's echolocation system. They have one blowhole. Beluga means "white one" in Russian. Its genus Delphinapterus, means "whale without fins", and the species, "leucas", means "white". The beluga is also called the white whale, the white porpoise, the sea canary (because of its songs), and the squid hound (due to its diet). Unlike most other cetaceans, the beluga's seven neck vertebrae are not fused, giving it a flexible, well-defined neck. +A baby beluga whale, called a calf, is a grey or even brown color when it is born. It will gradually become white over the next five years as it becomes an adult. They grow up to in length and weigh up to . They live for between 35 and 50 years of age. A female beluga whale will have one calf every 3 or 4 years. These are born near the coast, often near the entrance to large rivers. The calfs are fed on milk which is 30% fat. +The beluga whales live in groups, called pods of anywhere from only three whales to large groups of more than 200. they can dive down to depths of and stay underwater for as long as 25 minutes. Polar bears and killer whales are known to hunt beluga whales. +Diet and teeth. +Belugas are toothed whales with 34 teeth. The teeth are not designed for chewing, but for grabbing and tearing prey. They swallow their prey whole. They are opportunistic feeders, eating a varied diet of fish, squid, crustaceans, octopi, and worms. They are both benthic (bottom) and pelagic (oceanic) feeders (in shallow water). Belugas sometimes hunt schools of fish cooperatively in small groups. + += = = Beluga = = = +Beluga may refer to: + += = = All-Star Cheer Squad = = = +All-Star Cheer Squad is a rhythm video game by Gorilla Systems Corp. It is made for Wii and Nintendo DS. It is one of several Wii games to use the Wii Balance Board. It is about cheerleading. +The game is THQ's "first original property created specifically for girls". +Overview. +The game follows a year in the life of a cheerleader. The cheerleader learns new cheers, participates in practices and creates her own routines. She joins the squad and eventually becomes captain. +The Wii Remote and Nunchuk, along with the Balance Board can be used to perform cheer and dance moves. Cheerleading choreographer Tony G of "Bring It On" fame acted as chief consultant to the game. +Sequel. +"All Star Cheer Squad 2" is a sequel to "All Star Cheer Squad". It was released October 27, 2009. +Players start out as the captain of the Tiger Squad. The game has an all-new move set that includes real-world aerial stunts, tumbling, formation changes and advanced moves on the Wii Balance Board. Moves can be executed by using two Wii Remotes. + += = = David = = = +David was an important King of Israel. He is described in the biblical scriptures and the Old Testament books of 1 Samuel and 2 Samuel. He was the father of King Solomon, and an ancestor of Jesus. +Early years. +David was the youngest of the eight sons of Jesse, a shepherd; Jesse was the grandson of Ruth (Ruth 4: 17, 22). David was a shepherd, like his father. While taking care of the sheep, he would use a sling to keep wild animals from hurting them. He would also play his harp. Many of the songs he wrote during his life are found in the book of Psalms. +In Saul's service. +When Saul, the first King of Israel, disobeyed the Lord’s command to destroy Amalek, God sent an evil spirit in him to torment him. +He called David, the shepherd, to his palace because David was good at playing the harp, and the soft music soothed Saul when he was being tormented by the evil spirit. Saul "liked him very much, and David became one of his armor-bearers." So, "...whenever the spirit from God came upon Saul, David would take his harp and play. Then relief would come to Saul; he would feel better, and the evil spirit would leave him." He unknowingly puts in his court the person God chose to replace him. +David’s first victory. +When David was about twelve years old,his older brothers had to join the army to fight for Israel, under the leadership of King Saul. His father was worried about them, and sent David to check on them. He took his harp with him, and King Saul, who was very troubled, heard him play and found it soothing. He asked for David to remain with the army. +At the time David arrived, a giant Philistine enemy, Goliath, was mocking the Israelites and God, saying, “Who will come and fight me? If he wins, we will be your slaves, but if I win, then you will be our slaves!” All the Israelites were afraid. When David saw this, he was very angry, and he said, “I will go and fight him!” +David's faith was very different from that of King Saul, who, not thinking about God, immediately said, "You are not able...you are only a boy..." But David said confidently, "The Lord who delivered me from the paw of the lion and the paw of the bear will deliver (save) me from the hand of this Philistine." He had faith, not in his own fighting skills, but in the power of God, whose honor has been hurt by the Philistines and whose covenant promises had been forgotten by the Israelites. +When King Saul saw that David was brave enough to fight Goliath, he agreed to send him. Saul gave David armour and weapons, but they were too heavy for him. David told Saul that he would use his sling instead. He then used a smooth stone and hit Goliath in the forehead, killing him instantly. Using Goliath’s own sword, David cut off Goliath's head. Although Saul was pleased at the victory, he began to worry that David would begin to seek power. +Jealousy erupts. +Later, because of David's excellent fighting skills and loyalty to God, King Saul appointed David to a high rank in the army and married him to one of his own daughters, Michal. Whenever David went into battle, he returned with a victory, and all the people were pleased with him, and King Saul treasured him very much. David became a close companion and friend of Saul's son Jonathan. But one day, when King Saul was coming out to greet his people, the women of the town came out, singing and dancing, with tambourines and lutes. And as they danced, they sang the following words: +<poem> +"Saul has slain his thousands, +and David his tens of thousands." +</poem> +Saul, hearing this song, was seized with fury and jealousy, and began to suspect that the people liked David more than him. +Saul tries to kill David. +Saul's jealousy then began to heat into hatred, and he wanted to kill David, but not yet with his own hand - and so he asked David to marry his daughter, Merab, but David refused politely, and Merab was married to Adriel of Meholah. Then he asked, again, for David to marry Michal, who was in love with David. David again refused. Finally, he asked him to bring a hundred Philistine foreskins, and then he would give the bride over. David was pleased to become Saul's son-in-law when he heard this, and agreed. Saul thought, "Now he will be killed by the Philistine's hand!" But God was with David, and he was not hurt. Saul tells Jonathan and all the officials to kill David, but Jonathan loved David very much (and had made a covenant of friendship with him), and warned Saul not to. Saul listened, but later he grew angry again, and kept trying to kill David. Many times David did not kill Saul when he had a chance to, but instead said, "How can I kill the Lord's anointed?" and spared Saul; and many times Saul blessed David and repented, and determined to stop trying to kill David - but he always returned with a spear. +David crowned king. +In battle with the Philistines, Saul's sons Jonathan, Abinadab and Malki-Shua were killed (the surviving son, Ish-Bosheth or Esh-Baal, was later made king by Abner). Saul was injured, and he said to his armor-bearer to kill him before "...these uncircumcised fellows will come and run me through and abuse me." The armor-bearer was too afraid to do it, so Saul "...took his own sword and fell on it", killing himself. The armor-bearer killed himself, as well. "So Saul and his three sons and his armor-bearer and all his men died together that same day." +An Amalekite came to David and lied that he had killed Saul, probably hoping that David would reward him. David realized that Saul was dead, and ripped his clothes and wept. He was not happy to hear that Saul was dead, and even killed the Amalekite, thinking that he was Saul's murderer. He was anointed again in front of everybody. +Meanwhile, Ish-Bosheth, the only son of Saul left, was made king by Abner, a relative of Saul. "The war between the house of Saul and the house of David lasted a long time. David grew stronger and stronger, while the house of Saul grew weaker and weaker.", Later, Abner slept with one of Saul's concubines, and Ish-Bosheth asked, "Why did you sleep with my father's concubine?" Ish-Bosheth suspected that Abner wanted to be king instead of him (sleeping with the concubine of a king was thought very important). Abner became very angry and decided to help David instead. However, Joab, the commander of David's army, did not like Abner because Abner had killed his brother. Maybe he also thought his job as the leader of the army would not be safe if Abner helped David, because Abner was very powerful in the northern tribes of Israel. So, Joab killed him by stabbing him in the stomach. David cursed Joab for murdering Abner and said that he did not join in the killing. +When Ish-Bosheth heard that Abner had died, he became very worried: the northern tribes were now without a strong leader. Two men, Recab and his brother Baanah, killed Ish-Bosheth in his house and brought his head to David, saying, "This day the LORD has avenged my lord the king against Saul." David was very angry, and killed them: cutting off the hands that had killed Ish-Bosheth and the feet that had run with the news. They buried the head of Ish-Bosheth in Abner's tomb. +All the tribes of Israel then came to David and made him king over Israel. +A promise not forgotten. +A few years after David had captured Jerusalem, he asked, "Is there anyone...to whom I can show kindness for Jonathan's sake?" remembering the promise he had made. They found a servant of King Saul named Ziba, who said that there was still a son of Jonathan who was crippled in both feet named Mephibosheth. David told Mephibosheth that he would get back all the land Saul had when he was king, and that Mephibosheth would always eat at his table - a mark of great honor. Mephibosheth bowed down and cried, "What is your servant, that you should notice a dead dog like me?" From then on, Mephibosheth lived in Jerusalem and always ate at the king's table like one of David's sons. +David and Bathsheba. +One day, David was walking around on the roof of his palace when he saw a very beautiful woman bathing. David found out that her name was Bathsheba, the daughter of Eliam and the wife of Uriah the Hittite, who was one of David's royal guards. David "sent messengers to get her...and he slept with her." Because of this, David eventually broke the sixth, seventh, ninth and tenth commandments She soon became pregnant. The law said that both David and Bathsheba must die for their sin. David made Uriah come back from battle and tried to make him go back home and sleep with Bathsheba, so everybody would think it was Uriah's son. But Uriah did not go home, saying, "The ark and Israel and Judah are staying in tents...How could I go to my house...and lie with my wife?" His devotion demonstrated how sinful David was. Finally, when David could not make him go home, he decided to make Uriah die so he could marry Bathsheba himself quickly. He said, "Put Uriah in the front line where the fighting is fiercest (most violent). Then withdraw (go away) from him so he will be struck down and die." Because of this, Uriah died. +David married Bathsheba, but "...the thing David had done displeased the LORD." So, Nathan the prophet went and told him that he had done a very bad sin. David saw he was guilty and was very sorry. He said, "I have sinned against the Lord." Nathan told David that he was forgiven, and the LORD mercifully did not make David die, as the law said he must. However, Nathan said that Bathsheba's first son, born as a result of their sins would die. After Nathan had gone home, the child became sick and died. David was very sad, but humbly accepted the results of his sin. Bathsheba had another son, and they named him Solomon. The LORD loved him, and said to name him Jedidah (it means "loved by the LORD") This name showed that the LORD loved Solomon from when he was born, and also showed that the LORD still loved David, even though he had sinned. +Descendants. +After the overthrow of King Zedekiah of the House of David his lineage was carried on by the Exilarchs.Descendants of the house of exilarchs were living in various places long after the office became extinct. A descendant of Hezekiah, Hiyya al-Daudi, Gaon of Andalucia, died in 1154 in Castile according to Abraham ibn Daud. Several families, as late as the 14th century, traced their descent back to Josiah, the brother of David ben Zakkai who had been banished to Chorasan (see the genealogies in [Lazarus 1890] pp. 180 et seq.). The descendants of the Karaite Exilarchs have been referred to above.A number of Jewish families in the Iberian peninsula and within Mesopotamia continued to preserve the tradition of descent from Exilarchs in the Late Middle Ages, including the families of Abravanel, Benveniste, Hajj Yachya and Ben-David. One tradition also traces the ancestry of Judah Loew ben Bezalel to Babylonian Exilarchs (during the era of the geonim) and therefore also from the Davidic dynasty, which is however disputed. According to another tradition, Rabbi Elazar Rokeach of Amsterdam of the Belz (Hasidic dynasty) was a descendent from the house of King David. Another Rabbanic Dynasty Charlap also are reportably from the House of King David. +Cultural references. +Leonard Cohen's song "Hallelujah" has references to David ("there was a secret chord that David played and it pleased the Lord", "The baffled king composing Hallelujah") and Bathsheba ("you saw her bathing on the roof") in its opening verses. + += = = Crank That (Soulja Boy) = = = +"Crank That (Soulja Boy)" is a song by Soulja Boy (also known as "Soulja Boy Tell 'em"). The song has reached number one (meaning it is the most popular song in the country) in the United States and has entered the top 10 (meaning it is popular, but not popular enough to get to number 1) in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. + += = = ARIA Charts = = = +The ARIA Charts are the charts that measure how popular music is in Australia. The charts are created by the Australian Recording Industry Association. + += = = Golden Rooster Awards = = = +The Golden Rooster Awards (; pinyin: Jīn Jī Jiăng) are movie awards given in mainland China. They are similar to the Academy Awards. It is called the Golden Rooster Awards because it was the Year of the Rooster in 1981. +The people who get the award receive a statuette in the shape of a golden Rooster. They are picked by a group of movie makers, movie experts, and movie historians. The awards are given by the China Film Association. +At first the movie festival had two events - the Golden Rooster festival and the Hundred Flowers Awards. The two festivals were combined in 1992. Now the Golden Rooster is awarded on odd years and the Hundred Flowers is awarded on even years. + += = = David (name) = = = +David [ dey-vid ] is a Hebrew name meaning “beloved”. It is derived from the Hebrew word “dod”, which means “beloved”. +The name David is one of the most popular names in the Bible and is associated with the biblical figure of King David, the second king of Israel. + += = = Viva la Vida = = = +"Viva la Vida" is a song by the English band Coldplay. It is from their album "Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends". The album was released on 7 May 2008. It was the band's first number one single in both the United Kingdom and the United States. +Coldplay sang the song on "The Simpsons" episode, "Million Dollar Maybe". + += = = The Curse of Curves = = = +"The Curse of Curves" is a song by Cute Is What We Aim For. It is on their album "The Same Old Blood Rush With a New Touch". + += = = Klaxons = = = +Klaxons are an English dance/punk band, based in London. Their name comes from the word "klaxon" which is a type of alarm. + += = = Ecumenical Patriarch = = = +The Ecumenical Patriarch is the Patriarch of Constantinople. Today, Constantinople is called Istanbul. He is regarded to be the leader of the Eastern Orthodox Church. He has been generally known as the "Greek Patriarch of Constantinople". There is also an Armenian Patriarch of Constantinople (which is different). The older of the office is the Archbishop of Constantinople. The office should also not be taken for the Latin Patriarch of Constantinople, which no longer exists. +The current Ecumenical Patriarch is Bartholomew I +Orthodox Churches are autocephalous. This means there is a Patriarch for each Church, and there is usually one Church per country. For this reason, the Ecumenical patriarch is primus inter pares ("First among equals"). + += = = Assyrian Church of the East = = = +The Assyrian Church of the East also called Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East is a Christian church. It is one of the earliest churches to separate from the larger Church. It traces its origins to the See of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, started by Saint Thomas the Apostle as well as Saint Mari and Addai as shown in the Doctrine of Addai. This church is sometimes known as the "Nestorian Church", the "Syrian Church" or the "Persian Church." The church is currently headed by Mar Dinkha IV. +Other names have been given as well, but they are not accurate. One of these names is Assyrian Orthodox Church, which has led some people to believe that it is part of the Oriental Orthodox community. The church itself does not use the word "Orthodox" in any of its service books or in any of its official correspondence, nor does it use any word which can be translated as "correct faith" or "correct doctrine", the rough translation of the word Orthodox. In India, it is known as the Chaldean Syrian Church. In the West it is often known as the Nestorian Church. The Church itself believes that the term 'Nestorian Church' is chosen badly. +The Assyrian Church is the original Christian church in what was once Parthia; eastern Iraq and Iran. Geographically its influence stretched to China and India in the Middle Ages: a monument found in Xi'an (Hsi-an), the Tang-period capital of China (originally Chang'an), in Chinese and Syriac described the activities of the church in the 7th and 8th century, while half a millennium later a Chinese monk went from Beijing to Paris and Rome to call for an alliance with the Mongols against the Mamelukes. Before the Portuguese arrival in India in 1498, it provided "East Syrian" bishops to the Saint Thomas Christians. Patriarch Timothy I (727–823) wrote of the large Christian community in Tibet. +The creators of Assyrian theology are Diodorus of Tarsus and Theodore of Mopsuestia. Both taught at Antioch. The normative Christology of the Assyrian church was written by Babai the Great (551–628) and is clearly different from the accusations of dualism directed toward Nestorius: his main christological work is called the 'Book of the Union', and in it Babai teaches that the two "qnome" (essences) are unmingled but everlastingly united in the one "parsopa" (personality) of Christ. + += = = Main Page/Introduction = = = +This is the front page of the Simple English Wikipedia. "Wikipedias" are places where people work together to write encyclopedias in different languages. We use words and grammar here. The Simple English Wikipedia is for everyone, such as children and adults who are learning English. +There are articles on the Simple English Wikipedia. All of the pages are free to use. They have all been published under both the ' and the "GNU Free Documentation License". You can help here! You may change these pages and make new pages. Read the and other to learn how to . If you need help, you may ask questions at . + += = = Chaldean Catholic Church = = = +The Chaldean Catholic Church or the Chaldean Church of Babylon (, "") is an Eastern particular church of the Catholic Church, maintaining full communion with the Bishop of Rome and the rest of the Catholic Church. The Chaldean Catholic Church presently has an estimated 600,000 - 700,000 Chaldean Christians. + += = = Chaldean Christians = = = +Chaldean Christians (, "Keldayee"; ) are adherents of the Chaldean Catholic Church. Chaldeans are the largest Christian community in Iraq, estimated at between 400,000–600,000. Chaldeans have generally been well integrated into Iraqi society. They have not actively sought establishment of a separate state. Many of their members are businessmen and technocrats, and a few have held high government positions. Chaldeans have always been an important part of Iraqi society. In addition to Iraq, migrant Chaldean communities are found in the United States, Turkey, Syria, Iran, and Lebanon. + += = = Status asthmaticus = = = +Status astmathicus is a severe form of asthma bronchiale that does not respond to the usual treatments. + += = = Milwaukee Bucks = = = +The Milwaukee Bucks are an American professional basketball team in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. They play in the National Basketball Association. The current franchise owner is a group led by hedge fund managers Wesley Edens and Marc Lasry. They play their home games at the Fiserv Forum, which replaces their home of the last 30 seasons, BMO Harris Bradley Center, for 2018–19 and beyond. They won two NBA championships in 1971 and 2021. +In their 2019–20 season, the Bucks clinched a playoff berth after the team's 56th regular-season game, becoming the fastest team to clinch a playoff spot measured by the number of games played and by the calendar date (February 23) since the NBA changed its playoff format in 1984. + += = = Pidgin (software) = = = +Pidgin (also known as Gaim) is a instant messaging client that can work on Linux, Mac OS X and Windows. The software can use most instant messaging protocols, which will let the user log into different instant messaging services from one program. +The number of Pidgin users is thought to be more than 3 million in 2007. +Released under the terms of the GNU General Public License, Pidgin is free software. +History. +The program was made in or before 1999 by Mark Spencer, an Auburn University sophomore. It was made to give the features of AOL Instant Messenger for Linux. +Naming dispute. +The original name was GAIM, which stood for GTK+ AOL Instant Messenger. After pressure from AOL, the program was renamed to gaim. +However, on April 6 2007, the project development team announced the results of their talks with AOL. This included some name changes: "gaim" became "Pidgin", "libgaim" became "libpurple", and "gaim-text" became "finch". +Due to the legal problems, version 2.0 of the software was stuck in beta stages. Following the talks, it was said that the first official release of Pidgin 2.0.0 was hoped to happen during the two weeks from April 8, 2007. However, Pidgin 2.0 did not release on time, but on April 22, 2007. +Pidgin 2.0.0 was released on May 3, 2007. This was the first version to be called Pidgin. It also contained a completely new graphics design. + += = = San Diego Padres = = = +The San Diego Padres are a Major League Baseball team in San Diego, California. The Padres play their home games in a stadium called Petco Park. They have won the National League Pennant twice, in 1984 and 1998. They lost the World Series both times. +Team name. +The word "padre" means "father" in Spanish, and is also something that Roman Catholics often call priests. The Padres baseball team is named after the "priest" meaning. There had once been a minor league baseball team called the San Diego Padres. The major league team was named for the old team. + += = = Drew Carey = = = +Drew Allison Carey (born May 23, 1958) is an American actor, comedian and game show host. He gained fame when starring in his own sitcom, "The Drew Carey Show". He is the current host of the game show "The Price is Right". He is an owner of Seattle Sounders FC, a professional soccer team. + += = = Books of Samuel = = = +The Books of Samuel (, "Sefer Shmuw'el") are part of the Tanakh (part of the Hebrew Bible) and also of the Christian Old Testament. +The two books. +The Books of Samuel were originally one book. The first Greek translation was split in two because it is unusually long. Other languages followed. +The first book of Samuel tells the history of Israel from the birth of Samuel until Saul's death. It talks about the failure of Saul to be a good king as a result of his pride and sin, and includes Samuel anointing David as the next king after Saul died. +The second book of Samuel tells the story of King David of Israel, who establishes Jerusalem as Israel's capital city (2 Sam 5:7). David begins well because he prays and is humble, but later sins and has an affair with a married lady called Bathsheba, who then gives birth to Solomon. As a result of this affair, David's children go mad, including a brother who rapes his sister as well as murder among the siblings, which leads to the end of David as king. This ends 2 Samuel. The next book in the Bible is 1 Kings, which begins with Solomon as King, who builds the Temple in Jerusalem, which God had earlier forbidden David from doing as a result of his sin. +Information about Samuel. +Samuel was a Jewish priest, prophet, and judge over Israel in the Old Testament. His story is told in 1 Samuel. His name suggests "Heard of God" (1 Samuel 1:20), because his mother's prayer to have a child was heard by God and answered. +Birth. +We cannot be sure when exactly Samuel was born. However, we do know from the Old Testament that his father was "a Zuphite from the hill country of Ephraim, whose name was Elkanah son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephraimite." His mother was Hannah. Hannah did not have any children, but Elkanah's other wife, Peninnah, had children, and this made her so sad she wept. Hannah prayed to God, "O Lord Almighty...if you will only...remember me, and not forget your servant but give her a son, then I will give him to the Lord for all the days of his life..." God gave her a son, and naming him Samuel, she kept her promise to God by giving him to the Lord (making him serve in the temple). There, "...the boy Samuel grew up in the presence of the Lord." At that time there was a priest named Eli: his sons were not good and sinned, but Samuel "...continued to grow in stature (height) and in favor with the Lord and with men." +Calling. +One day, when Samuel was a young boy still in the temple, he heard someone calling. He thought it was Eli, but Eli told him that God was talking to him. So Samuel went back and listened, and when he heard God calling, "Samuel! Samuel!" he said, "Speak (talk), for your servant is listening." Then the Lord told Samuel that he would destroy Eli's family because of Eli's sinful sons. Samuel told everything to Eli, and "...all Israel from Dan to Beersheba recognized (realized) that Samuel was...a prophet of the Lord. The Lord...revealed himself to Samuel through his word." +Ministry. +Samuel made the people in Israel be sorry for their sins until he died. He also anointed Saul after the Israelites demanded a king to rule over them, and once Saul failed to be good, Saul anointed David to be the king after him. + += = = Genesis (disambiguation) = = = +Genesis could mean: + += = = Sacrilege = = = +Sacrilege involves doing or saying something that goes against something sacred. This does not just apply to religious things, but any person, place, or thing which is considered too important to be criticised. + += = = Psychotherapy = = = +Psychotherapy describes the way specially skilled people called psychotherapists help people who have problems and unhappiness in their lives or who want to improve the quality of their lives and relationships with others. +Psychotherapy means treatment of the mind. It aims to help the person feel better, be braver, happier and more in control of their lives. The main way they do this is by talking to the person who has the problems in a way that they begin to be able to understand themselves better. Some psychotherapists may work with a group of people such as a family who have problems and are unhappy. +Training. +Psychotherapists usually complete their training at the doctoral level through doctor of philosophy programs or medical school, although, some are trained at the master's level. Psychotherapists do not use surgery, or give drugs or electric shocks to the people they help. These methods are used by special medical doctors called psychiatrists, who may also sometimes give psychotherapy. +How it started. +Psychotherapy was started in the west in 1886 by Sigmund Freud, the first modern psychotherapist. Freud was a medical doctor who was trained in neurology. He became certain that hidden thoughts in the brain (which he called the Unconscious) could cause physical symptoms and strange behavior in some people. He believed that human behavior was not all caused by the brain, but by things that happened to people when they were babies and young children. His research of this theory -the idea he had- led him to create "talking therapy" , where he tried to figure out what could cause the mind to do things like this. Freud thought that his figuring things out and telling the patients what had caused the behavior would cure the patient. Unfortunately, it usually made no lasting changes. +This is why modern psychologists have gradually figured out many other ways of helping their patients and modified their techniques through methods other than psychotherapy. Hans Eysenck has suggested psychotherapy is discredited. + += = = Christian (disambiguation) = = = +A Christian is person who believes in Christianity. +Christian may also mean: + += = = Trousers = = = +Trousers (or pants in Canada, South Africa and the United States), are a kind of clothing. They are worn on the lower part of the body, to cover both legs apart (instead of cloth stretching across both as in skirts and dresses). +Historically, in the West, trousers have been the lower-body clothing item for men since the 16th century; by the late 20th century, they were used sometimes by women as well. Trousers are worn at the hips or waist, and may be held up by their own by a belt, or braces (suspenders). + += = = Bibliography = = = +Bibliography (Greek ������ = book ����� = write) is the arrangement of printed books and articles according to author or subject, and the publication of lists of titles. Bibliographies are of many different kinds and may be annotated with information about their contents. Bibliographies may be organized in various ways, such as by authors, subjects or date of publication. Bibliographies without annotations are sometimes given the modest title of checklists. +Another meaning of Bibliography is the academic study of books as physical and cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as bibliology. This kind of bibliography is not concerned with the written content of books, but rather the "bookness" of books-–how they were designed, edited, printed, circulated, reprinted and collected. + += = = Epistle to the Philippians = = = +The Epistle (or letter) to the Philippians is a short book in the New Testament. It is a letter to the church at Philippi in Macedonia from Saint Paul. It was written while Paul was in jail for telling people about Jesus. +Author. +Most everyone thinks that Paul wrote what is in the book. Some think it was a single lettter, but others think that it puts together three letters into one. The letter or letters were written in Greek in about 50 to 60 A.D. +Contents. +In Chapters 1 and 2 of Philippians, Paul tells the Philippians that he is about to be tried in Rome. He says he is not afraid of death. He tells the readers to be happy no matter what happens. He says that being in jail is helping to spread the Christian message, rather than stopping it. He says that Epaphroditus is a hard worker and is a hero. The Philippian church had sent Epaphroditus to visit Paul and bring him gifts. Some time during his visit with Paul, Epaphroditus got sick. But he got better before being sent back to the Philippians. +In Chapter 3, Paul warns the Philippians about those Christians who insist that circumcision is necessary for salvation. Circumcision is the removal of skin from the male sex organ for religious reasons. It is practiced by Jews and Muslims. He testifies that he once was a strong follower of this and other Jewish laws, but he now considers these things to be like trash compared to the gospel of Jesus. He says that being right with God comes from faith in Jesus and not by keeping religious laws. +In Chapter 4, Paul tells the Philippians to get along with each other. In the last part of the chapter, Paul thanks the Philippians for gifts they had sent him, and tells them that God will reward them for being kind to him. +Paul seems to feel happy in the letter and he is hopeful that he will get out of jail, and so he says he will send Timothy to the Philippians to help them, and thinks he will also pay them a visit. +Christ poem. +Chapter 2 of the epistle contains a famous poem telling who Christ is and what he did to save us. Paul says we should follow this example of humble service. +Because of its style, scholars agree that this is an early Christian poem that was written by someone before Paul's writings, as early as the 40s AD. The Christ poem is important because it strongly suggests that there were very early Christians who understood Jesus to be a God like being who chose to take on human form, rather than a human who was later raised to a divine status. + += = = Synoptic = = = +Synoptic is from the Greek words ��� (syn = together) and ���� (opsis = seeing), and tells about studies that tells about something of a certain kind. It also has other meanings: + += = = Julio Lugo = = = +Julio Cesar Lugo (November 16, 1975 – November 15, 2021) was a Major League Baseball shortstop. He played for the Houston Astros, Tampa Bay Devil Rays, Los Angeles Dodgers, Boston Red Sox, St. Louis Cardinals, Baltimore Orioles, and Atlanta Braves. He batted and threw right-handed. +He was born on November 16, 1975 in Barahona, Dominican Republic. Lugo was also the older brother of baseball pitcher Ruddy Lugo. +Lugo died of a heart attack in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic on November 15, 2021 one day before his 46th birthday. + += = = Requiem (Mozart) = = = +The Requiem in D Minor, K. 626, is a piece of music by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart which he composed in 1791. This requiem (a 'requiem' is a mass (church service) to remember people who have died), was Mozart's last composition. He wrote it as he lay dying. It seems that he did not manage to finish it before he died. It was finished by Franz Xaver Süssmayr, another composer. We do not know exactly how much of the music is by Mozart, and how much Süssmayr had to add. There have been lots of stories and ideas about how the Requiem was composed, and it is still a problem that is often discussed by musicians. + += = = Maria Theresia = = = +Maria Theresia may mean: + += = = Gregorio Allegri = = = +Gregorio Allegri (1582 – February 7, 1652), was an Italian composer and priest. He wrote a large number of religious pieces, including motets and several settings of the Mass. His best known compositions is the "Miserere mei Deus". +From 1591 to 1596 Allegri was employed in a church choir in Rome. In 1601 he became a tenor in the choir. He studied music and composing with the director of the choir, G. B. Nannio. He moved around to a number of different churches in Rome, before joining the choir at the Vatican in 1629. This was the choir that performed in the Sistine Chapel for the pope. he was made the director of the choir in 1650. Pope Urban VIII had rewritten some of the texts used in the religious services. Allegri was given the job of editing Giovanni da Palestrina's music so that it would fit with the new words. He was seen as an expert in the old style, even though some of his music was written in the new baroque style. +"Misere mei Deus". +"Miserere mei, Deus" is a motet written to be sung by two choirs. One choir is five voices - soprano, alto, two tenors and bass. The second choir has two sopranos, alto and baritone. One choir sings a simple kind of tune called a fauxbourdon which is based on a plainchant. The other sings a more complicated version, with a top part which goes up to top C (the note two octaves higher than Middle C). The singers also improvised some parts of the music, making up elaborate ornamented parts. These improvisations were not written down, but were passed from singer to singer in the choir. +Allegri wrote the "Miserere" to be sung in the Sistine Chapel during the Easter celebrations. During the service, which started at 3.00am, there would be 27 candles burning. The Pope would gradually extinguish the candles until there was only one left burning. The "Miserere" was performed as the pope prayed at the altar with the single candle. +This piece of music became very popular, and the Vatican did not want anyone else to perform it. No one was allowed to take the music away from the chapel or make copies of it. The Vatican called for excommunication of anyone trying to make a copy. However by 1770 there were three known copies of the music. One of these was given to the Emperor Leopold I by the pope. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart visited the Sistine Chapel during a tour of Europe with his father in 1770. He was just 14 years old, but heard the piece and wrote all the music out from memory later the same day. A second visit enabled him to check that he had it written correctly. It is believed that Mozart's copy of the music was sent to England where it was published by Dr Charles Burney. It would be assumed that Mozart would have written the improvisations in his copy. Burney's version lacks the improvisations, so it possible that he removed them, and destroyed Mozart's copy to avoid trouble with the church. There were no copyright laws in those days, so there was nothing that the Vatican could do about it. +It is believed that the version of the "Miserere mei Deus" performed today, is very different to the work that Allegri composed. + += = = Chronology = = = +Chronology is a word meaning 'the study of time'. It comes from the Greek words "chronos" (time) and "logos" (word). The adjective is chronological. +Putting events in chronological order means: listing them in the order in which they happened. +There are many sciences which deal in different ways with chronology. General is sometimes called "periodization". Historical chronology can deal with history or with the geological history of the earth. +When things are put in chronological order it can sometimes be called a "timeline". Adjective- (of a record of events) following the order in which they occurred (kind of like a timeline) + += = = Indre (river) = = = +The Indre is a river in central France, left tributary to the Loire River. The Indre and Indre-et-Loire departments are named after this river. +Geography. +The Indre river has a length of and a drainage basin with an area of of which 18.29% are forests and 77.86% are used for farming. +Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Lignières-de-Touraine, Indre-et-Loire. +Average monthly discharge (m3/s) at Lignières-de-Touraine +Course. +The Indre starts in the "Monts de Saint-Marien", southwestern Massif Central, in the "commune" of Saint-Priest-la-Marche, in the south of the Cher department near the border with the Creuse department, at an altitude of about . +The Indre flows to the northwest, and passes through the Indre and Indre-et-Loire departments, in the Centre-Val de Loire region, and a total of 58 "communes", most of them in the Indre department; the main "communes" are: +Finally, it flows into the Loire River in Avoine, in the Indre-et-Loire department. +Main tributaries. +The main tributaries of the Indre river are: +Left tributaries: +Right tributaries: + += = = Oberlin Group of Libraries = = = +This is a list of colleges and universities in the Oberlin Group of Libraries: + += = = Pontus (mythology) = = = +In Greek mythology, Pontus or Pontos (, "Póntos" - "Sea") was one of the primordial deities, the personification of the sea. He was a son of Gaia (the Earth), by whom he is the father of Nereus and Phorcys. He was also the consort of the goddess Thalassa. +Pontus has a variety of strengths including using his titan staff, which can strike lightning. + += = = Pontus (region) = = = +Pontus () is a historical region on the southern coast of the Black Sea. Today it is part of Turkey. + += = = Homo floresiensis = = = +Homo floresiensis ("Flores Man", also called "hobbit") is a probable species in the genus "Homo", to which humans belong. +The remains were found in 2004 on the island of Flores in Indonesia. Parts of the skeletons of nine individuals were found, including one complete cranium (the head). The most important and obvious identifying features of "H. floresiensis" are its small body, and small size of the space for the brain inside the skull. This is why the discoverers have called members of the species "hobbits", after J.R.R. Tolkien's fictional race of roughly the same height. +Discovery. +The remains were discovered on the Indonesian island of Flores by an Australian-Indonesian team of archaeologists in 2003. Archaeologist Mike Morwood and colleagues were looking for evidence of the original human migration of "H. sapiens" from Asia to Australia. They were not expecting to find a new species. They were surprised at the discovery of a nearly complete skeleton of a hominin. +Excavations done after that found seven more skeletons, originally thought to be from 38,000 to 13,000 years ago. An arm bone which they think belongs to "H. floresiensis" was dated at about 74,000 years old. The specimens are not fossilized and have "the consistency of wet blotting paper"; once exposed. The bones had to be left to dry before they could be dug up. +However, more extensive stratigraphic and chronological work pushed the most recent evidence of their existence back to 50,000 years ago. Their skeletal material is now dated to from 100,000 to 60,000 years ago. Stone tools recovered alongside the skeletal remains were from archaeological horizons ranging from 190,000 to 50,000 years ago. +Researchers hope to find preserved mitochondrial DNA to compare with samples from similarly unfossilised specimens of "Homo neanderthalensis" and "H. sapiens". +This hominin is remarkable because it has a small body and brain. +There are also a lot of stone tools found in the cave. The tools are of a size that could be used by the 1 meter tall human. They are dated from 95,000 to 13,000 years ago. They are found in the same archeological layer as an elephant of the extinct genus "Stegodon". The hobbit might have hunted this elephant. The elephant would have been very common throughout Asia during the Quaternary. Other animals that lived on the island at that time were giant rats, Komodo dragons, and even larger species of lizards. "Homo sapiens" reached the region by around 45,000 years ago. +A new species or not? +Archaeologist Mike Morwood and colleagues who found the remains say they think the individuals belong to a new species, "H. floresiensis", in our human genus "Homo". The discoverers also say that "H. floresiensis" might have lived at the same time as modern humans ("Homo sapiens") on Flores. +Not everyone agrees that this is a new species. Indonesian anthropologist Teuku Jacob suggested that the skull of LB1 was a modern human with microcephaly. This is a disorder that causes the bones of the head to stop growing. Another study says that perhaps the individuals were born without a working thyroid gland, which would result in the small size of the hominins because of a disorder called myxedema. +Two studies of the bones published in 2007 both reported evidence to support species status for "H. floresiensis". A study of three bits of bones from the hand (carpals) showed that they were similar to the carpal bones of a chimpanzee or an early hominin such as "Australopithecus". They were also different from the bones of modern humans. A study of the bones and joints of the arm, shoulder, and legs also concluded that "H. floresiensis" was more similar to early humans and apes than modern humans. In 2009, the publication of a cladistic analysis, and a study comparing body sizes, gave further support for the theory that "H. floresiensis" and "Homo sapiens" are separate species. +Extinction. +Archaeologists believe that the species has survived on Flores at least until 12,000 years ago. This makes it the longest lasting non-modern human. It also lived longer than the Neanderthals ("H. neanderthalensis"), which became extinct about 24,000 years ago. +Because of a deep neighboring strait, Flores remained isolated during the last ice age. Because of this, the discoverers of "H. floresiensis" think that the species, or its ancestors, must have reached the isolated island by water transport around 100,000 years ago (or, if they are "H. erectus", then about 1 million years ago). +Local geology suggests that a volcanic eruption on Flores approximately 12,000 years ago was responsible for the end of "H. floresiensis" and animals that lived on the island. The elephant "Stegodon" also became extinct at this time. +Stories of later survival. +There are local stories that a small race of people lived on the island. The "Ebu Gogo" were small, hairy, language-poor cave dwellers. It is said that they were there at the time of the arrival of the first Portuguese ships during the 16th century. These creatures are claimed to have existed as recently as the late 19th century. Gerd van den Bergh, a paleontologist working with the fossils, reported hearing of the Ebu Gogo ten years before the fossil discovery. On the nearby island of Sumatra, there are reports of a 1-1.5m tall humanoid, the Orang Pendek which might be related to "H. floresiensis". + += = = Goran Ivanišević = = = +Goran Ivanišević is a retired professional tennis player from Croatia. He is most famous for winning Wimbledon in 2001. + += = = Pete Sampras = = = +Pete Sampras (born August 12, 1971) is an American retired professional tennis player. He has won the Wimbledon Championships seven times and has won 14 Grand Slams overall, which was a record until Roger Federer broke it in 2009. He is said to be one of the greatest tennis players of all time. +Personal and family life. +Sampras' mother is an immigrant from Greece; his father is an American whose father was Greek and mother was Jewish. Sampras' older sister, Stella, is the women's tennis head coach at UCLA. His younger sister, Marion, is a teacher in Los Angeles. His older brother, Gus, has been tournament director at the Scottsdale ATP event, but from 2007 he became president of the firm managing Pete's business activities. +In the late 1990s, he dated actress Kimberly Williams-Paisley. +On September 30, 2000, Sampras married American actress and former Miss Teen USA, Bridgette Wilson. On November 21, 2002, their son, Christian Charles, was born. On July 29, 2005, the couple welcomed their second son, Ryan Nikolaos. They live in Lake Sherwood, California. + += = = Andre Agassi = = = +Andre Kirk Agassi (born April 29, 1970) is a retired professional tennis player from the United States. He was the first tennis player to have won all Grand Slam tournaments on four different surfaces. Later, Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal did the same. He is one of the most successful tennis players in history and was formerly ranked number 1 in the world. He is married to former women's number one tennis player Steffi Graf. + += = = Narcissus (genus) = = = +Narcissus (Narcissi) (often called a daffodil) is the botanic name for a genus of mainly hardy, mostly spring-flowering, bulbs in the "Amaryllidaceae" family. They are native to Europe, North Africa, and Asia. +Description. +It has bright perianths (petals) with a darker central trumpet (paracorolla or "corona"). The petals can be a variety of colours: bright yellow (the most common); white; pale yellow; or even peach. Usually, there is one flower on each stem, but sometimes there are more than one. The long, narrow leaves are slightly greyish in colour and rise from the base of the stem. +During the winter, the flowering part of narcissi dies away, and the plant lives on underground in a bulb. A bulb is an onion-like structure, which is filled with food. The plant lives off this food during the winter, protected from the cold by the soil above. + += = = Dajabón Province = = = +Dajabón is a Dominican province; it is in the northwestern part of the country, on the border with Haiti. Its capital city has the same name, Dajabón. +It was created on 1938 with the name Province "Libertador". It got its present name in 1961. It was part of the Monte Cristi province before being elevated to the category of province +Name. +The province takes the name from the Taíno name of the region, Dahaboon; it was also the name of the main river of the region, the Dajabón River. +Location. +Dajabón is bordered to the north by the Monte Cristi province, to the east by the Santiago Rodríguez province and to the south by the Elías Piña province. To the west Dajabón borders the Republic of Haiti. +History. +For a very long time, very few people lived in this region because it was on the border between two countries: first, between the French colony of "Saint-Domingue" and the Spanish colony of "Santo Domingo" and later between the two independent countries of Haiti and Dominican Republic. There were many fights here between the armies of the two parts of the island and some important battles were held close to the city of Dajabón during the Dominican Independence War. +In 1861, the Dominican Republic became again a colony of Spain. The Restoration War, or just the "Restoration", started on 16 August 1863, in a hill near the hamlet of "Capotillo". The Spanish army left the country in 1865. +After the "Restoration", people came to live in this area and several towns were created. +When the province was created in 1938, it had three municipalities: Dajabón, Loma de Cabrera and Restauración. In 1996, Partido was made a municipality and later, in 2002, El Pino became another municipality. +The municipal districts of the province were created in: +Population. +In (last national census), there were people living in the Dajabón province, and 38,225 () living in towns and cities. The population density was persons/km2. +Its population represents of the total population of the country and the province is ranked as the 14th (out of 31 plus the National District) more populated province. +, the total estimated propulation of the province is 65,519 inhabitants. +The largest city of the province is Dajabón, its head municipality or capital, with a population (in 2010) of 25,245 inhabitants. +Geography. +The Dajabón province has a total area of . It has 2.1% of the area of the Dominican Republic and it is ranked as the 23rd (out of 31 plus the National District) largest province. The altitude of the city of Dajabón, provincial capital, is . +The Cordillera Central ("Central mountain chain") is in the southern part ofthe province. The northern part is flat, with many savannas; it is part of the "Yaque del Norte Valley" (or "Línea Noroeste"). +There are two main roads in the province. One, from north to south, comes from the Monte Cristi province and goes through the cities of Dajabón, Loma de Cabrera and Restauración and then goes into the Elías Piña province. In some parts, the road marks the border with Haiti. +The second main road begins in Santiago de la Cruz and goes to the east through Partido and El Pino and then through the Santiago Rodríguez and Valverde provinces to end in the "Carretera Duarte" (Duarte National Road), one of the most important road of the country and that goes from Santo Domingo to Monte Cristi. +Rivers. +The only important river in the province is the Dajabón River, also known as "Masacre" (from French "Massacre"). This river marks the Dominican-Haitian border from the city of Dajabón to its mouth. Other rivers are very short and they are tributaries of the Dajabon or the Artibonite rivers. +Climate. +The climate of the province is a tropical climate, hot most of the year, but it is cooler on the mountains.. +Municipalities. +There are 5 municipalities and 4 municipal districts (M.D.) in the province. The municipalities and its municipal districts (M.D.) are: +Economy. +As in all provinces on the Dominican Republic-Haiti border, there is little economic development. The trade with Haiti is very important, mostly in the city of Dajabón. +On the mountains, coffee and beans are important products. Rice and bananas are produced in the northern part of the province, and cattle raising is important around the city of Dajabón. + += = = First baseman = = = +First base, or 1B, is the first of four positions on a baseball diamond, in baseball. + += = = Outfielder = = = +Outfielder is a position in baseball. Three players play this position. They are the farthest from the batter. + += = = Sobekhotep VIII = = = +Sobekhotep VIII was a Pharaoh of northern Egypt during the 16th Egyptian dynasty. He was one of the ancient Egyptian kings people have little knowledge about. Historians estimate that Sobekhotep VIII was their sovereign leader for 16 years. +It is most likely that Sobekhotep VIII. was the successor of Djehuti and followed by Neferhotep III. + += = = Albert Spalding = = = +Albert Goodwill Spalding (born September 2, 1850 in Byron, Illinois – September 9, 1915 in Point Loma, California) was a professional baseball player, manager and co-founder of A.G. Spalding sporting goods company. + += = = Charlie Waitt = = = +Charlie Waitt (born October 14, 1853 in Hallowell, Maine – October 21, 1912) was a professional baseball player. He was teased, taunted and called a "sissy" for wearing what was one of the first baseball gloves ever worn. + += = = Doug Allison = = = +Douglas L. Allison (born July 12, 1846 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, died December 19, 1916 in Washington, DC) was a professional baseball catcher for the Cincinnati Red Stockings, the first fully professional baseball team. + += = = Bill Doak = = = +Bill Doak (born January 28, 1891, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) played 11 years with the St. Louis Cardinals. In , he went 20-6 with a league leading 1.72 ERA. Doak won 20 games in . Doak led the National League in ERA again in 1921. Doak was traded to the Brooklyn Robins in mid-1924. + += = = Teasing = = = +Teasing is a word with different meanings. With humans, teasing usually means either "playful" and "hurtful". Teasing is often unkind, and is sometimes a type of harassment. It can have a sexual context as well, as to create sexual arousal in someone, for example. + += = = Pitcher = = = +In baseball, the pitcher is the player who throws +the baseball from the pitcher's mound to the catcher to begin each play, trying to retire a batter who tries to get on base, usually by hitting the ball with their bat or by taking a walk. + += = = Patton (movie) = = = +Patton (UK: Patton: Lust for Glory) is a 1970 movie about United States Army General George S. Patton, and his role in the Second World War. "Patton" starred George C. Scott in the title role, and it was released by 20th Century Fox. The movie became very popular, and won an Academy Award for Best Picture in 1971. A sequel, "The Last Days of Patton", appeared in 1986, also starring Scott. +Beginnings. +Patton's widow was approached not long after her husband died (after an automobile accident), with an offer to make a Hollywood movie about Patton's life and career. His family did not agree right away, and it was many years before they approved a dramatic movie to be made. The movie's screenplay was based on a well-written biography of General Patton, "Patton: Ordeal and Triumph", and "A Soldier's Story", a memoir by General Omar N. Bradley, who served with Patton. +Storyline. +The story covers the time from the American defeat at the Battle of the Kasserine Pass in North Africa during 1943, when Patton was sent to take command, through his victories in Africa and Sicily, his time as a "decoy" before D-Day, The Battle of the Bulge, and his last weeks, after the war was over in 1945. +The movie did not give much time to showing combat and battles, but explained Patton's role in several important battles and campaigns. It also showed his character as a person, as a soldier, and as a leader. Patton made good choices, such as appointing Omar Bradley to assist him, and bad choices, such as striking soldiers physically when they showed fear or cowardice, or giving his personal opinions to the media, when they differed widely from what the Allied commanders expected. The movie showed a mix of both bad and good things about Patton. +Reception. +The movie appeared nearly twenty-five years after Patton died. American attitudes toward war, toward fighting, and toward the military had changed in many ways. The Vietnam War was happening at the same time the movie was made and shown. The older generation, who had fought in World War II or helped out on the , tended to support the war and the draft, which made young American men join the Army to fight. Younger people, who did not remember World War II or were born after it ended, were mostly against the war in Vietnam. "Patton" gave older and younger viewers a look back at an American war hero and leader, and it gave them things to think and talk about together. + += = = Jafar (Disney) = = = +Jafar is an evil character and the main antagonist of Disney's "Aladdin" movies. He is played by Jonathan Freeman in the 1992 movie and musical. +His life. +Jafar was born in someplace of Arabia, most likely in the kingdom Agrabah. Because he was ugly and poor, he was not happy for many years. Once, Jafar found a baston that can hypnotize people. Jafar use it to brainwash the Sultan. He became Agrabah's vizier and moved into the palace. One day, at the market, Jafar met the parrot Iago and they became friends. The two planned to take the Sultan's treasure but they found something better: a magic lamp. Inside the lamp was a genie who granted wishes. Jafar use his first wish to become the Sultan. When the royal family refused to bow to him, Jafar made a wish to become a powerful wizard. Jafar took control of Agrabah and decided to decorate the palace. He painted the throne room red and filled it with gold. He also replaced the throne which was in the shape of an elephant into a throne shaped like a snake. Because of Jafar's bad luck, Aladdin defeated him and ended his plans for power. He returns in the sequel of the first Aladdin in "Aladdin, Return of Jafar". + += = = The Australian = = = +The Australian is a newspaper made in Australia. It is made by an Australian company called News Limited, is published every day, and started in 1964. + += = = Barbican Arts Centre = = = +The Barbican Arts Centre is a large performing arts centre on the northern edge of the City of London. It is in the modern Barbican estate, near the Barbican Tube station. + += = = Harry Morgan = = = +Harry Morgan (born as Harry Bratsburg, April 10, 1915 – January 7, 2011) was an American actor. He was well known for his role in the "M*A*S*H" TV series as Colonel Sherman T. Potter and as Bill Gannon in the T.V. series Dragnet. He won an Emmy Award in 1980. +Morgan was born in Detroit, Michigan on April 10, 1915. He was raised in Muskegon, Michigan. Morgan studied at Muskegon High School and at the University of Chicago. +He was married to Eileen Detchon from 1940 until she died in 1985. Then he was married to Barbara Bushman from 1986 until his death in 2011. He had four children. In December 1987 he was arrested for abusing his wife. All charges were dropped. +Morgan died on January 7, 2011 in Los Angeles, California from pneumonia, aged 95. His body was later cremated. + += = = Brisbane Times = = = +Brisbane Times is a website that reports news for Brisbane, Australia, as well as Queensland, the state that Brisbane is in. It started on 7 March 2007 and is owned by a company called Fairfax. + += = = District line = = = +The District line is a railway line in the London Underground. It stretches from the London Borough of Havering in East London to Ealing and Richmond in West London. + += = = Kensington = = = +Kensington is a district of West London, England in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. It is west of Charing Cross. + += = = Dew Process = = = +Dew Process is an independent record label from Brisbane, Australia. It was started by Paul Piticco, who still works for the company today. Dew Process is distributed by Universal Music Australia in Australia and New Zealand. + += = = Books of Chronicles = = = +The First and Second Chronicles are history books in the Old Testament. They tell the history of Israel differently from the Books of Kings. Using Biblical books (like Samuel and Kings) and other sources, the "Chronicler" encourages the Jews who returned from exile in Babylon. It goes back over Israel's history to explain why they have had all their troubles and how they can live right to become better in the future. One major difference to the similar, earlier narrative is that unlike in 2 Samuel, David is presented as being good in Chronicles. +Originally, the First and Second Chronicles were one book. They were later split apart into two different books. +Title. +The Hebrew title ("dibre hayyamim") means "what happened in the days (or years)". The Septuagint translators (who translated the Old Testament into Greek) called the book "the things left out". This showed that they thought of it as an addition to Samuel and Kings. Jerome (A.D. 347–420), who translated the Latin Vulgate, said that a better title would be "chronicle of the whole sacred history". Luther used this idea in his German version, and others have followed him. Chronicles was first divided into two books by the Septuagint translators. +Author. +Old Jewish tradition says that Ezra wrote Chronicles. However, scholars do not accept this as fact. It is thought that Chronicles was written roughly in the year 400 BC. + += = = George Eliot = = = +Mary Ann (Marian) Evans (22 November 1819 – 22 December 1880), better known by her pen name George Eliot, was an English novelist. She was one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. "Middlemarch" is perhaps her most famous book. +She was born in Nuneaton, the youngest child of Robert and Christiana Evans. Mary Ann attended "Miss Latham's boarding school" and then "Mrs Wallington's Boarding School" in Nuneaton in 1828. +In 1850, Evans travelled the first time to the continent of Europe. There, she translated the book "Essence of Christianity" into English. This was the only book she published under her real name and not under her pseudonym George Eliot. +Evans became ill in on December 19 1880. Later, her kidney problem started again. Due to this illness, she died on 22 December 1880. + += = = Gerry Anderson = = = +Gerry Anderson MBE (14 April 1929 – 26 December 2012) was a British television and movie producer, director and writer of Jewish origin. He is famous for the science fiction television programmes he created. The most well known of these was "Thunderbirds". Most of the programmes he created used marionettes. He also worked with puppeteer Christine Glanville. He was married to actress and producer Sylvia Anderson. + += = = Sarah Chalke = = = +Sarah Louise Christine Chalke (born August 27, 1976) is a Canadian-American actress most famous for her role as "Elliot Reid" on "Scrubs" and "Becky Conner" on "Roseanne" and in the CBS comedy "How I Met Your Mother", and "The Powerpuff Girls". +She is engaged to lawyer Jamie Afifi, with whom she has a son, Charlie Rhodes Afifi, born December 24, 2009. + += = = Scrubs = = = +Scrub(s) may refer to: + += = = AfterMASH = = = +AfterMASH was an American TV series. It was a spin-off of the "M*A*S*H" TV series. It was not a successful series, and was canceled after two seasons. + += = = M*A*S*H (TV series) = = = +M*A*S*H is an American television sitcom made by Larry Gelbart about doctors in a mobile . It was inspired by "". It stars Alan Alda as the main character. It was very popular, lasting 11 seasons, and having one of the most viewed series finales in television history. +Summary. +"M*A*S*H" is about a Mobile Army Surgical Hospital during the Korean War. It stars Hawkeye Pierce, an American surgeon who dislikes the war and makes a lot of jokes. +Cast. +There have been a strong cast of characters through the show's life. The only four people who appeared from the first episode to the last are Alan Alda and Loretta Swit. William Christopher's character, Father Mulcahy appeared in the first episode but was played by George Morgan. William Christopher took over the role for the rest of the series. +"Goodbye, Farewell, and Amen". +"Goodbye, Farewell, and Amen" is the series finale. It was aired on February 28, 1983, and is two and a half hours long. Nearly 106 million Americans watched it, which was 77% of the people watching TV at the time. It is the most watched episode of any show in American history. + += = = Loretta Swit = = = +Loretta Swit (born November 4, 1937) is an American actress. She is most famous for her role as Margaret Houlihan on the "M*A*S*H" TV series. + += = = Larry Linville = = = +Lawrence Lavonne "Larry" Linville (September 29, 1939 – April 10, 2000) was an American actor. He was most famous for his role as Frank Burns on the "M*A*S*H" TV series. He died of pneumonia. + += = = Katamari Damacy = = = + is a thirdperson puzzle-action video game made by Namco for the PlayStation 2 game console. It has had many sequels, including "We Love Katamari", "Me & My Katamari", and "Beautiful Katamari". +What happ. +In the game, you play as a small human-like being, who is a prince. His father is the king of the cosmos. In the beginning, the king destroys all of the stars in the galaxy without meaning to do so. He then asks his son to take a magic ball (the Katamari). The king then sends the prince to Earth. The ball can make things stick to it. The point of the game is to roll enough things onto the ball. Once this limit is reached, the Katamari is sent to the king for evaluation. If it is big enough, the ball will float into the air and turn into a star. +What people thought about the game. +The game got really good ratings. IGN rated the game 85.75%. Gaming Age gave it a B+. GameSpot's review said that it was "far and away one of the strangest, most original games to come along in years". + += = = Beautiful Katamari = = = +Beautiful Katamari, released in Japan as is a third-person puzzle-action video game made by Namco Bandai for the Xbox 360 game console. Wii and PlayStation 3 versions have been talked about by Namco Bandai, but no release date has been set. + += = = We Love Katamari = = = +We Love Katamari, known in Japan as , is a third-person puzzle-action video game made by Namco for the PlayStation 2 game console. It is the sequel to "Katamari Damacy". + += = = Me & My Katamari = = = + is a third-person puzzle-action video game made by Namco for the PlayStation Portable game console. It is the first and only handheld "Katamari" game. + += = = Namco = = = + is an Japanese amusement company. They make video games, and are famous for creating video games including "Pac-Man", "Galaga", "Dig Dug" and "Xevious". + += = = Nagoya = = = +Nagoya is one of the largest cities in Japan, with over 2 and a quarter million people in 2010. It is in Aichi Prefecture. There are 16 wards in Nagoya. + += = = Manglish = = = +Manglish is a language that sounds almost the same as English spoken by Malaysians. It is a close cousin of Singlish. Along with other languages, Manglish is extremely popular with Malaysians that have trouble speaking English. + += = = The Story of the Kelly Gang = = = +The Story of the Kelly Gang is the world's first feature length movie. This 70 minute movie was made in 1906, nine years before D.W. Griffith's "The Birth of a Nation" made in 1915. The movie tells the story of the famous Australian bushranger, Ned Kelly (1855-1880). It was written and directed by Charles Tait. The movie's reel length is about 4,000 feet (1,200 metres). It was released in Australia on December 26, 1906 and in the UK in January 1908. The movie cost about $2,250 to make. It was filmed in Melbourne and nearby suburbs of St Kilda (indoor scenes), Eltham, Greensborough, Heidelberg, Mitcham and Rosanna. The train scene is filmed near the St. James Road crossing, near Rosanna Station, on the Hurstbridge line in Victoria. The lost scene inside the hotel has a small boy played by Frederick Crew. +There are only about ten minutes of film left. Many rolls of damaged film were found in an old barn which was once the family home of the Crews in Yarraville, Victoria. The rolls were sent to Canberra but they were unable to recover most of the footage. In November 2006 the National Film and Sound Archive made a new digital copy of the movie. This has 11 minutes of extra film which was discovered in the United Kingdom. The movie now is 17 minutes long. It has the main scene of the Kelly's fight with the police at Glenrowan (called the Kelly's Last Stand). A copy of the program book has also been found. It has stories from newspaper reports of the capture of the gang, and the story of the movie, in six 'scenes'. This told the audiences what was happening in the movie. The book and the little bit of film that is left can help people imagine what the whole movie may have been like. +In 2007 "The Story of the Kelly Gang" was added to the UNESCO Memory of the World Register for being the world's first full-length feature movie. + += = = Steffi Graf = = = +Stefanie Maria "Steffi" Graf (born 14 June 1969) is a German retired professional women's tennis player. She was born in Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg. She was once ranked the best women's tennis player in the world. She is married to another retired tennis player Andre Agassi. +Steffi was the youngest player ranked in the WTA Tour ranking 124th. +In her tennis career, she earned 4 Olympic medals, 22 Grand Slam titles and 107 other titles + += = = Comeback = = = +Comeback could mean: +The Comeback could also mean: + += = = Sports Illustrated = = = +Sports Illustrated is the largest weekly American sports magazine owned by media company Time Warner. It has over 3 million subscribers and is read by 23 million adults each week; over 18 million of them are men, 19% of the adult males in the United States. +In late 2023, "The Futurist" reported that the magazine had published articles that were written by artificial intelligence. "Sports Illustrated" had not written that the articles were not written by people. The CEO of the magazine was fired soon after the report. +Cover history. +Most covers by athlete, 1954-2003 +Most covers by team, 1954-May 2008 +Most covers by sport, 1954-2003 +Celebrities on the cover, 1954-2003 +Fathers and sons who have been featured on the cover +Presidents who have been featured on the cover +Tribute covers (In Memoriam) + += = = Christian music = = = +Christian music is music about God, Jesus Christ and Christianity. Worship songs are found in the Jewish Psalms in the Bible. +Styles. +Every kind of music genre and style is found in Christian music. This includes country, pop, easy listening, urban/hip hop, rock, and hymns. +Artists include Bach, TobyMac, Phil Keaggy, Tenth Avenue North and Hillsong. + += = = Abdul Qadeer Khan = = = +Abdul Qadeer Khan (; April 1, 1936 – October 10, 2021) was a Pakistani scientist and metallurgical engineer. He was a controversial figure. He is thought by many people to be one of the pioneers of Pakistan's nuclear program. Others disagree and claim he is only an opportunist who abused his position to obtain personal benefits and make a lot of money. His middle name is occasionally spelt Quadeer, Qadir or Gadeer. His given names are usually abbreviated to A.Q.. +Khan claimed he had Pashtun ancestry. However, his ancestors supposedly immigrated to modern India, during the reign of Afghan Emperor Shahabuddin Ghouri from the district of Ghour of present Afghanistan. He was born in Bhopal State in British India in 1936. His father Abdul Ghafoor Khan served in the Education Department, British India, and after retirement, settled in Bhopal. +He remained under arrest in Pakistan for quite some time, because he was accused of Nuclear proliferation to the North Korean government and also to Iran. +In August 2021, Khan was hospitalized in Islamabad after testing positive for COVID-19. He died at the age of 85 in Islamabad from the infection on October 10, 2021. +Several politicians in Pakistan, including the Prime Minister Imran Khan stated their tribute to him. In a post on Twitter, Imran Khan stated + += = = Interception = = = +An interception or intercept is a move in football that happens when a player on the defensive team catches a ball from the quarterback instead of the intended receiver. When this is done, the player's team who had caught the ball, would gain possession of it. Many leagues use interceptions, some are Canadian football and American football, as well as rugby league, rugby union, Australian rules football and Gaelic football. The most common players to get interceptions are defensive backs. + += = = Interception (disambiguation) = = = +Interception could mean: + += = = Load (album) = = = +Load is an album by the heavy metal band Metallica. It was released in 1996. Four singles were released from it. It has sold over 5 million copies in the US. The album was disliked by some long time Metallica fans, as it had a lighter sound than anything before it. + += = = The Greatest Show on Turf = = = +The Greatest Show on Turf was the nickname for the offense fielded by the St. Louis Rams offense during 1999, 2000, and 2001 National Football League seasons. + += = = The Marriage of Figaro = = = +Le nozze di Figaro, ossia la folle giornata ("The Marriage of Figaro, or The Day of Madness") is an opera buffa with music by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and an Italian libretto by Lorenzo Da Ponte. The opera premiered at the Burgtheater, Vienna on 1 May 1786. It was well received and nearly every scene received an encore, which made the performance so long that the Emperor did not like this and wanted it to stop. +The opera is based on the 1784 French play, ""La folle journée, ou le Mariage de Figaro" by Pierre Beaumarchais. The play was very controversial in its day (and even banned briefly in France), but the play's questionable material was removed and Da Ponte's libretto passed the Viennese censors. +Story. +The opera is set in the palace and gardens of Count Almaviva in Seville, Spain. Figaro, Count Almaviva's servant, is on the eve of marrying Susanna, the Countess' maid. +Almaviva has long lusted after Susanna. He plans to revive an old aristocratic right permitting a nobleman to deflower a peasant on her wedding night. Figaro is furious. +With Susanna and his friends, he thwarts the Count's intentions. Almaviva is forced to beg his wife's forgiveness. + += = = EMT = = = +EMT could mean: +In health and medicine: +In music: +In organizations: +In science and technology: +In transportation: +In other: + += = = My Neighbor Totoro = = = +My Neighbor Totoro, or My Neighbour Totoro on UK DVD box titles, is a 1988 animated movie written and directed by Hayao Miyazaki and produced by Studio Ghibli. It won the Animage Anime Grand Prix prize in 1988. This movie was originally released in the United States in VHS format with the title, My Friend Totoro. +Troma Films, under their 50th St. Films banner, produced a 1993 dub of the movie co-produced by Jerry Beck. It was released on VHS and DVD by Fox Video. Troma's and Fox's rights to this version expired in 2004. The movie was re-released by Disney on March 7, 2006. It features a new dub cast. This DVD release is the first version of the movie in the United States to include both Japanese and English language tracks, as Fox did not have the rights to the Japanese audio track for their version. +Story. +Satsuki, Mei and their father live in the field, where Mei discovers a giant creature living in the forest near the house. When Mei leaves in her attempt to save her hospitalized mother, she and Satsuki take a ride on the cat-bus. The movie ends with the girls delivering an ear of corn to their mother. +Cultural References. +Family. +One of the most significant things in My Neighbor Totoro is that the mother is absent from the home. According to Takie Sugiyama Lebra, “the [Japanese] mother is characterized as having suffered hardships” . This is true in Totoro, as Mei and Satsuki's mother is hospitalized with an unnamed illness. The mother's absence is significant because “at home, the husband depends upon the wife for domestic care. The husband is helpless in housekeeping tasks, such as doing the laundry, cooking, cleaning, and child rearing” (52). In the absence of her mother, it is then Satsuki's job to take over household tasks with Nanny's help. This is illustrated several times throughout the movie. +When Satsuki prepares breakfast and lunch for her father and Mei before she leaves for school this is a task that would normally fall to the mother. Also, the various cleaning and garden tasks that Satsuki and Mei often had the help of Nanny to complete would have also normally been the main responsibility of the mother to complete. +Mei and Satsuki's father demonstrates both typical and atypical characteristics of a traditional Japanese father. According to Peter Tasker, “Japanese children are accustomed to never seeing their father on the weekdays, and only for short periods at weekends. A husband’s proper field of endeavor is the company” (101). This is only somewhat accurate in Mei and Satsuki's relationship with their father. Although their father is often away working at the university or visiting their mother in the hospital, he is by no means an absentee father. He is seen working at a desk while Mei plays outside and spending time with his daughters before their bedtime. Many scholarly critiques of Japanese culture would lead one to believe that this is not the norm. +Setting. +"My Neighbor Totoro" exhibits several important cultural points through the setting and passive details. +The house into which the Kusakabe family moves is an accurate portrayal of a typical, rural, Japanese home. The sliding doors that the father opens when they first move into the house are common architectural features. These doors are meant to be opened during the day, weather permitting, and closed at night. Another feature to point out about the house itself is the way the foundation is constructed. “Japanese houses do not have cellars but are built with a foundation of shallow concrete, or a single row of cement blocks. On top of this type of foundation is placed a row of heavy timbers” (33). This can be seen clearly when Mei crawls under the house in pursuit of one of the smaller totoros. +As for Totoro, he lives in a tree demarcated by a shimenawa (braided straw rope for shinto). The tree is called shinboku (sacred tree). Shinto is the traditional religion of Japan and some consider many of Hayao Miyazaki's movies—including Totoro—to have Shintoist themes. and interpret Totoro as a kami spirit of the Shinto religion. But Miyazaki says "this movie [Totoro] has nothing to do with that [Shinto] or any other religion." +The community in which Satsuki and her family have moved is a typical agricultural town. The rice paddies are visible throughout the movie. Rice cultivation is one of the most important industries in Japan, as rice is a staple of the Japanese diet. The home that Satsuki and Mei live in is more spacious than what would be available in a city. Also, the scene where Nanny, Mei, and Satsuki are washing vegetables shows the near self-sufficiency of these farming communities. +The bath scene is also demonstrative of archetypal Japanese life. “The bathtub is more like a small swimming pool than a tub” (38). As seen in the movie, several people bathe together at once. It is considered rude to enter the tub without first washing, as shown by Satsuki before she enters the tub with her father and Mei. These bathtubs are heated usually by small, well-tended coal burners under the tub. +Another cultural manifestation is the scene that shows the family sleeping. Often, the living room is converted into a bedroom where the whole family sleeps together on mats called futon. This sleeping arrangement is space-efficient for smaller housing in a country where living space is severely limited. Mei is sleeping between Satsuki and her father, which is the usual arrangement—with the youngest in the middle. +In one scene, Satsuki is shown preparing the family's lunch in traditional bento style. A bento is a compartmentalized lunch box usually with only one or two tiers. Food is arranged to be aesthetically pleasing. Bentos are extremely common as lunch boxes for children, adults, and even those who stay at home, as Mei does when Satsuki goes to school. +Other passive cultural references include: +Release history. +"My Neighbor Totoro" was released by Studio Ghibli as a double feature with Isao Takahata's "Grave of the Fireflies" in August 1988. There are two theories for this: one was that "Totoro" would not be successful. Another theory is that "Grave of the Fireflies" was believed to be too depressing for audiences by itself, and thus needed a lighter animation to accompany it. The late Yoshifumi Kondo provided character designs for both movies. +In 1993, Fox released the first English-language version of "My Neighbor Totoro", produced by John Daly and Derek Gibson (the producers of "The Terminator") with co-producer Jerry Beck. Fox and Troma's rights to the movie expired in 2004. Disney's English language version premiered on October 23, 2005; it then appeared at the 2005 Hollywood Film Festival. The Turner Classic Movies cable television network held the television premiere of Disney's new English dub on January 19, 2006, as part of the network's salute to Hayao Miyazaki. (TCM aired the dub as well as the original Japanese with English subtitles.) The Disney version was released on DVD on March 7, 2006. +As is the case with Disney's other English dubs of Miyazaki movies, the Disney version of "Totoro" features a star-heavy cast, including Dakota and Elle Fanning as Satsuki and Mei, Timothy Daly as Mr. Kusakabe, Pat Carroll as Granny, Lea Salonga as Mrs. Kusakabe, and Frank Welker as Totoro and Catbus. The songs for the new dub retained the same translation as the previous dub, but were sung by Sonya Isaacs. +Credits. +Cast. +The movie stars the following voice actors: +Reception. +The movie has an 8.1 rating on IMDb,and a 94% approval rating at Rotten Tomatoes.com. Reviews were very positive. + += = = Mnemonic (disambiguation) = = = +A mnemonic is a memory aid. +Mnemonic may also refer to: + += = = Mnemonic = = = +A mnemonic is a way for people to remember things more easily. For example, the treble clef lines on a music staff are for the notes E G B D and F. Music students are taught to remember this with a mnemonic - Every Good Boy Does Fine. The first known mnemonics were used by the Ancient Greeks. Cicero said the poet Simonides (c.556-c.468 B.C) discovered the power of mnemonics to help him make visual images so he could remember things. The word "mnemonic" comes from the Greek words "mnene", meaning memory and "mnemon", meaning mindful. + += = = Northrop Frye = = = +Herman Northrop Frye, CC, FRSC, usually called Northrop or Norrie, (July 14, 1912 – January 23, 1991) was a Canadian literary critic and literary theorist. This means he wrote about books to help people understand them. He is often said to be one of the most influential critics and theorists of the 20th century. +His most famous book is "The Anatomy of Criticism" (1957). + += = = Throwback uniform = = = +Throwback uniforms and jerseys are one-time or limited-time types of a sports team's uniforms that look the same way as uniforms from that team's past. Throwbacks are popular in Major League Baseball. Often, teams will wear throwbacks on "Turn Back The Clock Nights". + += = = Backlash (2009) = = = +Backlash (2009) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was held on April 26, 2009 at the Dunkin' Donuts Center in Providence, Rhode Island. It was the eleventh and last event with the "Backlash" name. Backlash would later be replaced by Extreme Rules in 2010. + += = = Down with Love = = = +Down with Love is a 2003 American romantic comedy movie set in New York City in the early 1960s. It stars Ewan McGregor and Renée Zellweger. It was inspired by "Pillow Talk" (1959) and "Lover Come Back" (1961). +Plot. +Catcher Block (McGregor) is a very proud man. He has sex a lot of women and does not respect them very much. When author Barbara Novak (Zellweger) gets an interview with Block about her newest book, he keeps being busy and never actually interviews with her. Novak has written a feminist novel in which she says that women should take more power and have a bigger voice in things and to eat chocolate to reduce their need to be with men. However, when Novak's book becomes very popular, Block wants to know more about Novak. +Block invents a name for himself and begins to go out with her. She falls for him despite what she wrote in her book. She is about to take things further with Block when a woman rushes in to tell her that she loved Novak's book. It is then that Novak realizes that she has created a movement and that she needs to be the leader of that movement, so she no longer wants to see Block. +Block tries to reinvent himself as a new person. He writes an exposé on himself and wants to have it published, but all the women that used to work at his "No" magazine have all quit to try to get jobs at Novak's new "Now" magazine. Block applies for a job there and tells her that he loves her. After a short conversation, they leave in a helicopter to go to Las Vegas, Nevada to marry. + += = = Celery = = = +Celery is a type of vegetable, often used in salad. + += = = Kalasha = = = +Kalasha, also spelled as Kalash (Sanskrit: , "kalaśa"; literally "pitcher, pot"), is a metal (brass, copper, silver or gold) pot with a large base and small mouth, large enough to hold a coconut. Sometimes "Kalasha" can mean a pot filled with water and topped with a coronet of mango leaves and a coconut. This combination is often used in Hindu rites. + += = = Pokémon Snap = = = + is a first person rail shooter made by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 64 game console. It is about a Pokémon photographer who has to take pictures of all the Pokémon on an island. It only features about 63 of the 151 Pokémon that existed at the time the game was made. Players could take their pictures to either Blockbuster (in North America) or Lawson (in Japan) to have them printed. +The game was released for the Wii's Virtual Console service in 2007. Players can send pictures taken in the game to the Wii's Message Board and share them with friends. + += = = Pokémon Channel = = = +Pokémon Channel, released in Japan as , is a virtual pet/puzzle video game made by Ambrella and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo GameCube game console. + += = = Big Mac = = = +The Big Mac is a kind of sandwich, better known as hamburger, sold at the fast food-chain McDonald's. It is 550 calories, and is made using two beef patties, Big Mac Sauce, dehydrated onions, shredded lettuce, sliced pickles, and a slice of cheese. Also, the Big Mac Index is measured in how much a Big Mac costs in foreign currencies. +The Big Mac was created by Jim Delligatti, one of Ray Kroc's earliest franchisees, who was the owner of some restaurants in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania area. It was designed to compete with a similar Big Boy sandwich. Customer response to the Big Mac was so good that it was begun to be made nationally in 1967. One of its well-known and unique features is a middle slice of bread ("club" layer) used to make sure the contents do not move about and to prevent spills. +Officer Big Mac. +Officer Big Mac is a character from McDonaldland, a fictional universe made by McDonald's for its ads. He came out in 1971. He looks like "Mayor McCheese", the mayor of McDonaldland. As the chief of police, he's in charge of keeping order and stopping the "Hamburglar" from stealing hamburgers. +Other names. +Originally, the Big Mac had two different names that didn't do well in the market: "the Aristocrat" and "Blue Ribbon Burger". The third name, Big Mac, was suggested by Esther Glickstein Rose, a 21-year-old secretary at McDonald's headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois. + += = = Don Knotts = = = +Jesse Donald Knotts (July 21, 1924 – February 24, 2006) was an American actor. He played Deputy Barney Fife in the 1950s sitcom television series "The Andy Griffith Show". He left the show after its fifth season to act in movies. Two of his movies are "The Incredible Mr. Limpet" and "The Apple Dumpling Gang". He died from lung cancer-related pneumonia. + += = = Stormbreaker (movie) = = = +Stormbreaker is a 2005 British movie based on the Anthony Horowitz novel "Stormbreaker", part of the Alex Rider series of books. +Plot. +The plot is the same as the novel. +Changes. +There are some changes from the novel. For example, the main bad guy, Sayle, is changed from Lebanese to American, since the actor picked did not have a Lebanese accent. + += = = Serenade = = = +In music, a serenade (or sometimes serenata) is a song or piece of music which is sung or played in someone’s honour. The word comes from the Latin "serenare" meaning: "to make calm". +In the Middle Ages and Renaissance a serenade was usually a song which was sung by a lover underneath the window of his sweetheart in a country such as Spain. The lover may accompany himself on a guitar. This kind of serenade is often seen in operas, e.g. Mozart’s "Don Giovanni ". There is also a verb: to serenade, e.g. “the lover was serenading his sweetheart”. +In the Baroque period a serenade was a type of cantata performed outdoors, in the evening, with singers and various musical instrumentas. Composers who wrote this kind of serenade include Alessandro Stradella and Alessandro Scarlatti. +In the Classical music period the serenade became a piece of music for a small orchestra or a group of several instruments. They are similar to a symphony but lighter in character. They are often the same as a divertimento. Mozart wrote several serenades of this type, e.g. his famous "Eine kleine Nachtmusik". Later composers such as Brahms also wrote orchestral serenades. Other Romantic composers often wrote short instrumental works which they called “serenades”. +Also the word serenade is featured in the arctic monkey's song "reckless serenade". + += = = Divertimento = = = +A divertimento is a piece of music which is lighthearted and easy to listen to. It is often performed on social occasions, e.g. as music to be played while people eat, or as after-dinner music. +The divertimento became popular in the 18th century. They were played by a small group of instruments. Mozart wrote several pieces called "divertimento". They are similar to a serenade. A divertimento often has several movements, e.g. six, seven or more. +There are a few examples from the 20th century of pieces called "divertimento", e.g. works by including works by Ferruccio Busoni, Béla Bartók, and Igor Stravinsky (from his ballet "Le Baiser de la Fée"). + += = = Freemasonry = = = +Freemasonry is an organization of people who believe in brotherhood and helping others. Its members are known as "Freemasons" (in full: "Ancient Free and Accepted Masons", or simply "Masons"). Freemasons also help one another in times of hardship. Freemasonry can be found all over the world in various forms. About 6 million people are Freemasons. +The local groups in various countries are known as "lodges". At the State or National level are "Grand Lodges". These are independent of each other. "Regular" Freemasonry is only for men, but there are also co-ed Masonic lodges (and lodges for only women) that are not recognized as legitimate by the "regular" groups. All of these lodges believe in "brotherly love, relief and truth". They do work for charities such as running schools for orphaned children. There is a Royal Masonic Hospital which is a home for old members and their families. +The word mason means a construction worker who works with stone. He is also called a "stonemason". Freemasonry grew from the groups (guilds) of stonemasons in the Middle Ages. These men were building cathedrals and other big buildings. They were called freemasons because they were free, they were not servants who belonged to a rich lord, like many workers were in those days. They often changed jobs and moved from one town to another. In this way they were different from other craftsmen who often worked in one place and had guilds in one town. The stonemasons tried to keep their skills secret so only they knew how to do their job. This is probably why the Freemasons have handshakes and passwords that they swear to keep secret. +About 1650, Masons' guilds started to let people who were not masons into their guilds. In 1717, the first Grand Lodge (the Grand Lodge of England) was formed. It developed into the governing body of Freemasonry in England. In 1813, it merged with a rival and is now called the United Grand Lodge of England. +Freemasonry is controversial and has been opposed. The Anti-Masonic Party (1827-34) was important in early American politics. The Catholic Church opposes Freemasonry, although Freemasonry itself does not block Catholics. Political authorities also sometimes oppose it. Nazi Germany and Eastern Bloc nations outlawed freemasonry. + += = = Australian Music Online = = = +Australian Music Online is a website about music in Australia. It started in March 2003, but the people who looked after it, the Australian Government, stopped working on it on 31 March 2007. + += = = Die Entführung aus dem Serail = = = + Die Entführung aus dem Serail (in English: "The Abduction from the Seraglio") is a musical opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. It is an example of a Singspiel: a type of German opera which had spoken dialogue as well as singing, and was often about magical stories. Mozart's opera "The Magic Flute" is also a Singspiel. +The German libretto is by Christoph Friedrich Bretzner and was changed a bit, without Bretzner’s permission, by Gottlieb Stephanie. The story is about the hero Belmonte, helped by his servant Pedrillo, who tries to rescue his beloved Konstanze from the seraglio (palace) of the Pasha Selim. +The opera was first performed by the "Nationalsingspiel" ("national Singspiel") which was sponsored by the Austrian emperor Joseph II. Mozart arrived in Vienna in 1781 and was looking for an opportunity to get a commission for an opera. He showed one of his operas ("Zaide") to the manager of the Nationalsingspiel. He was impressed and asked Mozart to write an opera for the company. +The work is lighthearted and meant to be funny. Some of the characters in the story are Turkish. Turkish stories and music were very popular at that time in Europe, and Mozart writes some Turkish music (or what Europeans thought was Turkish music) in this opera. Some of the arias are very difficult to sing, especially the long "Martern aller Arten" ("Tortures of all kinds") sung by Konstanze, which is like a concerto movement. She is accompanied in this aria by an orchestra and four solo instruments. +The opera was a huge success and earned Mozart a good sum of money. However, he was not paid properly for later performances, so it did not make him rich. +When Joseph II heard it he said to Mozart that there were “too many notes”, to which Mozart replied: “There are just as many notes as there should be”. +Instrumentation. +The singers perform with a Classical orchestra, to which are added instruments needed for "Turkish" music: bass drum, cymbals, triangle, and piccolo. The main orchestra has pairs of flutes, oboes, clarinets, bassoons, horns, trumpets, a set of two timpani, and strings. In the aria, "Sorrow has become my lot", there is also a basset horn. +The story. +Act 1. +Konstanze, and her English servant Blondchen have been captured by pirates who sold them to the Turk, Pasha Selim. Belmonte goes to rescue her. Osmin, the Pasha's servant, comes to pluck figs in the garden and takes no notice of Belmonte who tries to get news about his servant, Pedrillo. Osmin is angry. After he leaves, Belmonte meets Pedrillo and they decide to rescue Konstanze. +Selim appears with Konstanze. He wants her to love him, but she doesn’t. Pedrillo suggests to the Pasha that he should employ Belmonte as a builder, but Osmin does not let him come into the palace. +Act 2. +Osmin tries roughly to make love to Blondchen. After a duet, Osmin departs. Konstanze greets Blondchen in distress and tells her that Selim wants her love and is threatening to use force. +When she has gone, Pedrillo comes to Blondchen, who is his sweetheart, and tells her that Belmonte is near and plans are ready for a rescue attempt. Blondchen is very happy. Pedrillo invites Osmin to drink. Osmin gets drunk and Belmonte gets him out of the way so that Belmonte again sees his beloved Konstanze. +Act 3. +Belmonte and Pedrillo come to the garden with ladders. Belmonte manages to snatch Konstanze away, but when Pedrillo is about to escape with Blondchen, they are caught by Osmin, and Belmonte and Konstanze are also brought back by the guard. Belmonte asks the Pasha not to kill them. He says that his father is a rich Spanish governor who will pay a lot of money so that they are freed. Selim Pasha says to Belmonte that he is the son of his greatest enemy, so he is delighted to have caught him. However, the Pasha then becomes kind and decides to forgive them and set them free. Osmin is not happy about this. He would have loved to see them executed. + += = = Clydesdale Bank = = = +The Clydesdale Bank is a Scottish bank. Its headquarters are based in Glasgow, Scotland. It is currently the sponsor of the Scottish Premier League (now known as the "Clydesdale Bank Premier League"). + += = = War of the Worlds (2005 movie) = = = +War of the Worlds is a 2005 science fiction movie that has Tom Cruise and Dakota Fanning as the main actors. It was directed by Steven Spielberg. It is based on the H. G. Wells novel "The War of the Worlds". +Plot. +Ray Ferrier's home town in New Jersey is attacked by alien tripods that were buried underneath the ground. He is then forced to flee the city with his two children and make it to Boston where his ex-wife is located. + += = = Bank of Scotland = = = +The Bank of Scotland is a Scottish bank. Its headquarters are based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The company was previously the sponsor of the Scottish Premier League. +In 2001 the Bank of Scotland merged with Halifax to make HBOS (Halifax Bank of Scotland), this then merged with Lloyds TSB in 2009. + += = = Jimmy Calderwood = = = +James "Jimmy" Calderwood (born 28 February 1955) is a former professional footballer and current manager of Scottish club Aberdeen F.C. +In August 2017, Calderwood revealed that he has had Alzheimer's disease. + += = = Germany's Next Topmodel = = = +Germany's Next Topmodel (also known as GNTM) is a German reality television program. It is hosted by supermodel Heidi Klum. The program is based on the American series "America's Next Top Model". The first cycle (season) was in 2006. The 18th cycle began in February 2023. +Overview. +A group of girls are chosen to live together for a few weeks and compete to become "Germany's Next Topmodel". Each week, one girl is asked to leave because she is not good enough to stay in the competition and become a top model. The last three/four girls are in the finale. The winner is then chosen with help of the group of judges. There have been 18 cycles of the show so far. +Host and judges. +Only Heidi Klum has been a judge on every cycle. Thomas Hayo was a judge for the longest at six cycles, Peyman Amin was next longest at four cycles. Boris Entrup was a judge for cycle two, but he was part of the program until 2017 as the makeup advisor. In 2017 Wolfgang Joop became the first former judge to return to the program. He had been a guest judge for one episode. He came back in 2018 as well. +The judging panel since the 14th season was only guest judges and Klum. She was the only permanent judge. + += = = Kurume = = = +Kurume is a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, northern Kyūshū, Japan. +It has been recognized as a core city since 2008. +History. +Koura taisha is a notable place. +Kurume is known for pork soup or ramen. + += = = Hornblende = = = +Hornblende is a complex series of silicate minerals. +Hornblende is not a recognized mineral in its own right, but the name is used as a general or field term, to refer to a dark amphibole. +It is an isomorphous mixture of three molecules; a calcium-iron-magnesium silicate, an aluminium-iron-magnesium silicate, and an iron-magnesium silicate. +Hornblende has a hardness of 5–6, a specific gravity of 2.9–3.4 and is typically an opaque green, greenish-brown, brown or black color. It is most often confused with the minerals augite and biotite mica, both of which are black and can be found in granite. +Occurrence. +Hornblende is a common constituent of many igneous and metamorphic rocks such as granite, diorite, gabbro, basalt, andesite, gneiss, and schist. It is the principal mineral of amphibolites. +Very dark brown to black hornblendes that contain titanium may be called basaltic hornblende, from the fact that they are usually a constituent of basalt and related rocks. +Etymology. +The word hornblende is derived from the German "horn" and "blenden", to 'blind' or 'dazzle'. The term "blende" is often used to refer to a brilliant non-metallic luster, for example, zincblende and pitchblende, the ore of uranium. + += = = Echidna (mythology) = = = +Echidna (Greek: from “Snake”) is a monster of Greek mythology, half woman, half serpent. Her parents were either the sea deities Phorcys and Ceto (according to Hesiod’s Theogony) or Tartarus and Gaia (in the account of the mythographer Apollodorus); in Hesiod, Tartarus and Gaia are the parents of Echidna’s husband, Typhon. Among Echidna’s progeny by the 100-headed Typhon, were (the dragon who protected the Golden Apples of the Hesperides), another dragon who protected the Golden Fleece, the Hydra, the goatlike Chimera, and the infernal hounds and Cerberus. The Sphinx and the Nemean lion, both sired by Orthus, were also among her offspring. + += = = Ultrarelativistic limit = = = +Particles which go near the speed of light are called ultrarelativistic. +The ultrarelativistic limit is the maximum velocity that a particle can move at. Albert Einstein found the equation for energy: E=mc2. This means that energy is equal to a certain amount of mass. However, this is a simplified version of his equation. The longer version of his equation is E2=m2c4+p2c2. (Mathematically, if you ignore the p2c2 and take the square root of the equation, you get E=mc2). p2c2 refers to the velocity of a particle multiplied by a very large number. +Einstein then went on to show that a particle can never achieve the speed of light, because you get a divide by zero error from the equation for kinetic energy, formula_1. +Look at the denominator (bottom) of the equation, formula_2. "v" refers to the velocity of the particle. If its velocity reaches the speed of light (which is "c" in this equation), formula_3 will equal one, and since that would leave one minus one in the denominator, there would be a divide by zero error. +Particles which go below the speed of light (all particles which have mass) are called tardyons. Theoretical particles which go above the speed of light are called tachyons. + += = = Atmospheric circulation = = = +Atmospheric circulation is a large-scale movement of masses of air. The origin of these processes is the sun's radiation. The sun waves radiate the short-wave radiation. The earth absorbs only a part of this energy. The other part is radiated back to the atmosphere and to the universe. The back radiation is long-waved. The thermal energy is distributed thanks to the circulation of the air on the surface of the earth. +The demonstration of circulation varies from year to year, but the basic climatologic structure is almost constant. We recognize 3 cells: the Hadley cell, the Ferrel cell and the Polar cell. The movement of air masses is influenced by coriolis force. It means that the air diverts to the west. +Hadley cell. +The earth and ocean are intensively radiated in the equatorial areas. The hot and usually moist air rises. It is called convection. This process creates a low pressure area along the equator. The area is also called the Intertropical Convergence Zone. The hot air goes to both south and north and gets colder. When the air is cold enough, it goes down to the surface again. This creates deserts and semi-deserts of the subtropics. Reaching latitude 30 degrees, the masses of air return to the rainy equator. +Polar cell. +The air on 60 degrees of latitude is colder and drier than the air on the equator. On the other hand, the rising movements are still possible. The character of processes is similar to the Hadley cell. The warmer air goes up, and falls down on the poles. This air comes back to the equator. +Ferrell cell. +The movements between 30 and 60 degrees are more complex. Temperature is not the main reason of this circulation. The air in this temperate zone cell moves according to the differences between moving masses in Hadley and Polar cells. Prevailing winds are generally westerly. +The existence of the Ferrel cell is disputed in https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/11/1439 and https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/cjg2.686#:~:text=The%20Ferrel%20cell%20is%20a,components%20of%20large%2D%20scale%20airflows. + += = = Pat Roberts = = = +Charles Patrick "Pat" Roberts (born April 20, 1936 in Topeka, Kansas) is a former senator from Kansas. Before Roberts was a senator, he was a U.S. House of Representatives member and the chairman for the United States House Committee on Agriculture. +On January 4, 2019, Roberts announced that he will not seek reelection in 2020. + += = = Firestar's Quest = = = +Firestar's Quest is a teen fantasy novel in the "Warriors" series by Erin Hunter. It focuses on a cat named Firestar, the leader of a group of cats called ThunderClan, as he goes on a quest to rebuild a lost Clan called SkyClan. He is joined by his mate, Sandstorm. +Setting. +The story begins in a forest, but after the main character goes on a journey, he ends up at a gorge. +Plot. +Firestar's dreams are disturbed by wailing cats and feelings of fear and sadness. He finds out that the wailing cats are SkyClan cats, a lost Clan that was chased from the forest many years ago. The Clan has been forgotten by everyone else, because it has been such a long time since it was destroyed. Firestar realizes that he must go on a quest to rebuild this Clan, and he takes his mate, Sandstorm with him. +Along the way, Firestar and Sandstorm are hit by a storm, and Sandstorm is washed away in a flood. Firestar is set behind schedule because he chooses to look for her instead of continue his journey. One he finds her, they begin their quest again, and eventually find the place where they knew they needed to go: a gorge. There, they seek out the last living descendant of SkyClan, and talk to him. His name is Sky. He tells them to look for more cats who may be descended from SkyClan, or who may be interested in joining the Clan. Those who do join are given warrior names and are taught about the way of the Clans. +More and more cats join, and eventually, the newly rebuilt SkyClan, along with Firestar and Sandstorm, fight a gigantic swarm of rats. It is revealed that the rats are what killed off SkyClan after it left the forest many years ago. They defeat the rats, and their mission is completed. Firestar and Sandstorm leave SkyClan, knowing that its new leader, Leafstar, will lead it well. +The book ends with an epilogue that shows Firestar and Sandstorm a few months later with their two new kits, Squirrelkit and Leafkit. Leafkit is named after Leafstar. + += = = Monitor lizard = = = +Monitor lizards, the genus Varanus, are also known as biawak or goannas. They are members of the family Varanidae. Their closest living relatives are the anguid and "Heloderma" lizards. +"Varanus" is a genus of largely carnivorous lizards. There are about 60 species in 10 subgenera. The species cover a vast area, occurring through Africa, the Indian Subcontinent, to China, down Southeast Asia to Brunei, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea, Australia and islands of the Indian Ocean, and the South China Sea. A large concentration of monitor lizards occurs on Tioman Island in the Malaysian state of Pahang. Some are now found in South Florida, particularly in the Everglades. +Monitor lizards have long necks, powerful tails and claws, and well-developed limbs. The species include the largest living lizard, the Komodo dragon, and the crocodile monitor. +Most species are terrestrial, but arboreal and semi-aquatic monitors are also known. International trade in five species is banned, and all the others are threatened species. +Species. +Subgenus "Empagusia": + += = = Musado = = = +The musado is a modern martial art which is divided into two branches: the traditional musado destined for civil persons and the Musado MCS ("Military Combat System") destined for the army and the police. The term "musado" (from Korean language) means "the way of warrior". Nevertheless, the musado is a German martial art, based on the Korean arts. +The international centre of the musado is in Dortmund. +The grand master of the musado is Herbert Grudzenski (1947-September 20, 2012) from Germany, the main instructors for the Czech Republic are Oldřich Šelenberk and Antonín Sokol. +Traditional musado. +The traditional musado derives from Korean traditional martial arts such as taekwondo, hapkido & Kuk Sool Won. Many of the techniques tailored more for European physical capabilities while maintaining the Korean martial arts mindset though Grudzenski himself was also a black belt in Judo & Jujitsu. +The beginning of the musado is dated as from 1968. +Technical levels in the traditional musado. +The traditional musado has 6 levels (1.-6. "kup") of student which are marked by colour (see the table). Differently from the majority of the martial arts the student does not have a belt since the beginning. Only to the term of the course which lasts 2–4 months there is capacity to pass examination for the white belt. +The belts go up until ninth "dan", "dan" is marked on the belt with Roman numeration written with golden letters. In the Czech Republic, the most graduated is Antonín Sokol (4. "dan"). +Code of honour of the practitioners of musado. +The code of honour is a modern version of the code of ancient Korean units Hwarang. +Moral and ethical principles. +After taking oath the student must adhere to these moral and ethical principles ("kyohun"; Korean terms): +Musado Military Combat System. +The Musado MCS is a military system of personal defence and of body-to-body combat, designed especially for training of the army, of the police and of other forces of security. +The musado also is used in training of the special units, for example of the units of aerial war, of the brigades of rapid reaction and of the brigades of the UNO. +In the army of the Czech Republic this system was introduced in 1993. +Musado MCS does not have any rules precisely given. However, with its vast extension it provides more than 4000 techniques and skills which with good mastery enable the warrior to stop an attack. + += = = Lancia Thema = = = +The Lancia Thema is a car produced by Lancia. It replaced the Lancia Gamma in 1984, and were replaced by the Lancia Kappa in 1994. + += = = Ruslan Fedotenko = = = +Ruslan Viktorovych Fedotenko (born January 18, 1979) is Ukrainian professional ice hockey player. He has played in National Hockey League ice hockey left winger for the New York Rangers. Fedotenko has also played for the Philadelphia Flyers for two seasons, the Tampa Bay Lightning for four seasons, the New York Islanders for one season and the Pittsburgh Penguins for two seasons before being signed to a 1-year-deal worth $1 million after accepting a tryout with the New York Rangers. +Was recognized as the best hockey player in Ukraine in 2009. +He is a two-time Stanley Cup winner with the Tampa Bay Lightning (2004) and the Pittsburgh Penguins (2009). +Career. +Professional career.. +In the 1995/96 season he played two matches for Sokol in the MHL and 33 for the Kyiv farm club SHVSM in the first VEHL championship. The next season he went to train in the junior team of the Finnish TPS. +From 1997 to 2000, he played for teams in the junior and lower American leagues. +On October 24, 2000 he made his debut for Philadelphia in the NHL. In the first game against the Rangers, he has made an assist. +He scored his first goal in the NHL against Dominik Hasek on November 4, 2000. +Traded to Tampa Bay on June 21, 2002 for the first round choice number four (Yoni Pitkanena). +2004 Stanley Cup winner with the Tampa Bay Lightning. Fedotenko scored 12 goals in 22 playoff matches with the Lightning, including a double in the seventh Stanley Cup final against the Calgary Flames (2-1), which brought Tampa the first Stanley Cup in team history. +In the summer of 2007, as a free agent, he signed a 1-year contract with the New York Islanders for $ 2.9 million. He started the championship very successfully playing in the first line, gaining 11 points in 12 matches, but in the next 18 matches, the hockey player scored only 4 points, as a result was transferred to the second link. +After the end of the 07/08 season, he moved to the Pittsburgh Penguins. The contract was calculated for 1 year in the amount of $ 2.5 million. With the team won the Stanley Cup in the season 08/09. After a successful season, the team signed a new contract until 2010. +In October 2010, as a free agent, he signed a 1-year contract with the New York Rangers. After the end of the 10/11 season, a new one-year contract for $ 1.4 million was signed. +Since July 2013 he has been playing for the Donbass hockey club (Donetsk) in the Kontinental Hockey League. +In the 2014-2015 season, he signed a trial contract with the NHL New Jersey Devils. +In January 2015, signed a viewing contract with the AHL Iowa Wild. +International. +He played for the Ukrainian national team at the 2002 Olympic Games in Salt Lake City. +Achievements. +Stanley Cup Winner (2): 2004 and 2009 +Recognized as the best hockey player in Ukraine 2009 +Played at the 2002 Olympic Games in Salt Lake City as part of the Ukrainian national team. + += = = Chris Oddleifson = = = +Christopher Roy Oddleifson (born September 7, 1950 in Brandon, Manitoba) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player. He in the National Hockey League from 1972 until 1981. He is best known for his time with the Vancouver Canucks, where he was one of the team's top players for much of the 1970s and served as team captain in 1976–77. +Playing career. +Oddleifson was selected 10th overall in the 1970 NHL Amateur Draft by the California Golden Seals following a final junior season with the Winnipeg Jets of the WCHL, during which he finished with 95 points (including a league-leading 64 assists) and 243 penalty minutes. However, he was assigned to the minor leagues and would never play an National Hockey League game for the Seals, and was dealt to the Boston Bruins mid-way through the 1971–72 season. +In 1972–73, Oddleifson finally made his NHL debut, appearing in 6 games for Boston without recording a point. He managed to crack the Bruins full-time in 1974–75, highlighted by a four-goal game against the Golden Seals, the team that had given up on him two years earlier. Late in the season, he was dealt to the Vancouver Canucks in a deal for sniper Bobby Schmautz, and he finished out his rookie season with decent totals of 13 goals and 29 points in 70 games between Boston and Vancouver. +Oddleifson would have his breakout year in 1974–75, as he emerged as a leader on a young Canuck team which surprised by winning their division and making the playoffs for the first time in franchise history. He proved himself to be an exceptional all-around player who possessed size, toughness, and playmaking ability, as well as the ability to play both at center and on the wing. He lead the Canucks in scoring through the early part of the season, until a fractured jaw forced him to miss 20 games. Nevertheless, he finished with career highs of 16 goals and 35 assists for 51 points in just 60 games. +In 1975–76, Oddleifson would have his finest NHL season, as he notched 16 goals and a club-leading 46 assists for a career high 62 points. Although his production waned somewhat in the next few seasons, he remained one of the team's top all-around forwards and most popular players. He was named team captain for 1976–77, although he was replaced by Don Lever the following year. In 1977–78, he recorded a career-high 17 goals for the club. +By the 1979–80 season, the emergence of young stars like Thomas Gradin, Stan Smyl and Curt Fraser, as well as the acquisition of several skilled veterans, had pushed Oddleifson into a mainly defensive role, and he finished the season with career lows of just 8 goals and 28 points. Early in the 1980–81 campaign, he was assigned to the Dallas Black Hawks, effectively ending his NHL career. +Oddleifson spent two more seasons playing in Switzerland before retiring in 1983. He finished his NHL career with totals 95 goals and 191 assists for 286 points in 524 games, along with 464 penalty minutes. +Following his career, Oddleifson returned to Vancouver and became a successful real estate agent. He remains active with the Canuck Oldtimers squad. + += = = Alex Plante = = = +Alexandre "Alex" Plante (born May 9, 1989) is a Canadian-South Korean professional ice hockey defenceman who is currently playing for the Oklahoma City Barons of the American Hockey League. He was selected by the Edmonton Oilers 15th overall in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft and made his National Hockey League (NHL) debut in 2009–10. He is the son of former professional defenceman Cam Plante, while his brother, Tyler, is a goaltender in the Florida Panthers organization. +Playing career. +Plante played junior hockey for the Calgary Hitmen of the Western Hockey League (WHL). The Hitmen selected him with their second round pick, 21st overall, in the 2004 WHL Bantam Draft. He established himself as a regular on Calgary's blue line in 2005–06, playing in 54 games. He appeared in 58 more in 2006–07 and attracted greater attention from NHL scouts in the 2007 playoffs, scoring 11 points in 13 games. As a result, the Edmonton Oilers selected him 15th overall in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft, a higher position than he was initially expected to go. Several injuries limited Plante to 36 games in 2007–08 and he failed to report to Calgary's training camp prior to the 2008–09 WHL season, claiming that the team had treated him poorly the previous year. While he initially demanded a trade out of Calgary, Plante ultimately recanted and returned to the Hitmen early in the season. He rebounded from his "nightmare season" in 2007–08 to rank among the leaders of the Hitmen defence with 45 points in the regular season and another 15 in the playoffs before Calgary was upset in the league championship series by the Kelowna Rockets. +The Oilers signed Plante to a three-year contract following the season. He began his professional career in 2009–10 with Edmonton's top minor league affiliate, the Springfield Falcons of the American Hockey League (AHL). Several injuries on Edmonton's defence led the Oilers to recall Plante, and he made his NHL debut on February 1, 2010 against the Carolina Hurricanes and recorded an assist. He was returned to Springfield as injured players returned to the Oilers' lineup. + += = = Phan Thanh Giản = = = +Phan Thanh Giản or Phan Thanh Jan(���, 1796 - 1867) was a Vietnamese politician, diplomat and historian. He was Vietnam's diplomat in France, the war. + += = = Silversun Pickups = = = +Silversun Pickups is an American indie band from Los Angeles, California. Silversun Pickups has four members in the band; the current band members are Brian Aubert, Nikki Monninger, Joe Lester, Christopher Guanlao. +Career. +The band was formed by four friends and was originally called, A Couple of Couples but was changed to Silversun Pickups because it was an off licence across from the Silverlake Lounge and near their house at Sunset and Silverlake Blvds in Los Angeles. The band currently has Brian Aubert on Vocals and guitar, Nikki Monninger on bass and vocals, Chris Guanlao on drums and Joe Lester on keyboards, samples and sound manipulation. +Discography. +So far as of 2011, Silversun Pickups has released 4 EPs and two albums. + += = = Tube worm = = = +A tube worm is a worm-like sessile invertebrate which anchors its tail to an underwater surface. It creates a mineral tube around its body, and can withdraw the body into it. +Tube worms are found in these groups: + += = = Kraken = = = +A kraken is an imaginary sea monster of huge size, said to have dwelt off the coasts of Norway, Greenland, and Iceland. The legend may actually have originated from sightings of real giant squid. They are estimated to grow to 13–15 m (40–50 ft) in length, including the tentacles. +The mysterious sea monster started to be talked about in literary works as far back as 1180, according to paleontologist Rodrigo Brincalepe Salvador. + += = = Leviathan = = = +Leviathan (, "twisted, coiled"), is a monster mentioned in the Bible. In Satanism Leviathan is believed to be one of the princes of Hell. The word has become synonymous with any large sea monster or creature. In classical literature (such as the novel "Moby-Dick") it refers to great whales, and in Modern Hebrew, it means simply "whale." + += = = K-line = = = +A k-line or kill line is an IRC term. When a user is k-lined, he or she is banned from a certain server, either for some time or forever. When the user is banned they are not allowed to join that server again and have to join another one to get back onto IRC. This is recorded as a line in the server's IRC file which has the letter "K" at the beginning. This is where "K-line" comes from. + += = = Group 11 element = = = +A Group 11 element is one in the series of elements in group 11 (IUPAC style) in the periodic table, consisting of transition metals which are the traditional coinage metals of copper (Cu), silver (Ag), and gold (Au). Roentgenium (Rg) belongs to this group of elements based on its electronic configuration, but it is a short-lived transactinide with a 22.8 seconds half-life that has only been observed in laboratory conditions. The name "coinage metals" is often used in casual speech to refer to these elements, but various cultures have used many other metals in coinage including aluminium, lead, nickel, stainless steel, and zinc. +History. +All the elements of the group except Roentgenium have been known since prehistoric times, as all of them occur in metallic form in nature and no extraction metallurgy has to be used to produce them. +Characteristics. +Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in its electron configuration, especially the outermost shells resulting in trends in chemical behavior: +They are all relatively inert, corrosion-resistant metals. Copper and gold are colored. +These elements have low electrical resistivity so they are used for wiring. Copper is the cheapest and most widely used. Bond wires for integrated circuits are usually gold. Silver and silver plated copper wiring are found in some special applications. +Applications. +These metals, especially silver, have unusual properties that make them essential for industrial applications outside of their monetary or decorative value. They are all excellent conductors of electricity. The most conductive of all metals are silver, copper and gold in that order. Silver is also the most thermally conductive element, and the most light reflecting element. Silver also has the unusual property that the tarnish that forms on silver is still highly electrically conductive. +Copper is used extensively in electrical wiring and circuitry. Gold contacts are sometimes found in precision equipment for their ability to remain corrosion-free. Silver is used widely in mission-critical applications as electrical contacts, and is also used in photography (because silver nitrate reverts to metal on exposure to light), agriculture, medicine, audiophile and scientific applications. +Gold, silver, and copper are quite soft metals and so are easily damaged in daily use as coins. Precious metal may also be easily abraded and worn away through use. In their numismatic functions these metals must be alloyed with other metals to afford coins greater durability. The alloying with other metals makes the resulting coins harder, less likely to become deformed and more resistant to wear. +Gold coins: Gold coins are typically produced as 90% gold (e.g. with pre-1933 US coins), or 22 carat (92%) gold (e.g. current collectible coins and Krugerrands), with copper and silver making up the remaining weight in each case. Bullion gold coins are being produced with up to 99.999% gold (in the Canadian Gold Maple Leaf series). +Silver coins: Silver coins are typically produced as either 90% silver - in the case of pre 1965 US minted coins (which were circulated in many countries), or sterling silver (92.5%) coins for pre-1920 British Commonwealth and other silver coinage, with copper making up the remaining weight in each case. +Copper coins: Copper coins are often of quite high purity, around 97%, and are usually alloyed with small amounts of zinc and tin. +Inflation has caused the face value of coins to fall below the hard currency value of the historically used metals. This had led to most modern coins being made of base metals - copper nickel (around 80:20, silver in color) is popular as are nickel-brass (copper (75), nickel (5) and zinc (20), gold in color), manganese-brass (copper, zinc, manganese, and nickel), bronze, or simple plated steel. + += = = Shadow cabinet = = = +A shadow cabinet is a term which applies in some parliamentary democracies based on the UK parliamentary tradition. It is a group of politicians who hold a political position in their party, but whose party is not in government (that is, an opposition party). A member of the shadow cabinet is a shadow minister. The leader of a shadow cabinet is called the Leader of the Opposition. The term is of United Kingdom origin, and is used by some members of the Commonwealth. Some elements are found in other democratic systems of government. +Each minister of a Cabinet has a corresponding shadow minister. The shadow minister may provide alternative policies to the minister in the government. The two of them may debate on issues relating to their area of jurisdiction. For example, the British "Shadow Secretary of State for Health" often replies to the Secretary of State for Health. +The current UK Shadow Cabinet is made up of members of the Labour Party. The term refers only to the party in opposition which has the most seats of the opposition parties. + += = = Smartphone = = = +A smartphone is a mobile phone that can also be used as a computer. They work as a computer but are mobile devices small enough to fit in a user's hand. They use a System on a chip or Minimal instruction set computer so they can be small. +Uses include: +Another way to think of them is that they are PDAs that can make voice calls like any other mobile phone. Older phones also used computer technology, but lacked many of the parts of a computer that were too big to fit into a phone. Modern phone makers have been able to use smaller parts. Most smartphones are also GPS receivers and digital cameras. +Because smartphones are small computers, they run an operating system that is often common between devices to ensure compatibility. The majority of smartphones run on Apple iOS or Google Android but others use Windows Phone or BlackBerry OS. Most can do multitasking, running more than one program which helps the user do things quicker and easier. Users can get more programs, called mobile apps, from the manufacturer's app store, such as the Apple App Store and Google Play which can help them complete special tasks. +Data communication has become faster. Smart phones can send and receive data much faster than older phones. The industry uses different standards to label the data transmission rates. 2G was introduced in 1991. 2G means "2nd Generation". 2G phones transmit data at about the same speed as a 56kbit/s (kilobits per second) dial-up modem would get. +3G was introduced in the early 2000s. Depending on where they are, 3G phones vary in speed between about 200kbit/s to 14Mbit/s (megabits per second). This is comparable to a DSL or low end cable modem speed. Most smart phones use 3G technology to make them fast enough to practically use internet and other data features. Faster 4G networks operate in many places, with speeds estimated as fast as 100Mbit/s to 1Gbit/s (gigabit per second). This is as fast as some computer networks that use ethernet. Many smart phones introduced after 2010 use 4G technology including LTE, as later, even faster version. 5G was introduced in a few places in 2019. +Smartphones are powered by batteries. The amount of energy they can store is reduced over time, and they become weaker. This causes the phone to become slower and later to turn itself off without the user asking for it. Some smartphones are designed so the user is able to take off the rear cover and replace the weakened battery. Most newer smartphones are not made like this. +Use as camera. +Smartphones also works as a camera. They are usually not as capable as dedicated cameras. Some phones have sophisticated camera software allowing such features as independent setting of bitrate, framerate and resolution. Such controls have only been adapted starting in the mid-2010s. As of early 2021, mobile phone chipsets may be capable of 2160p 4K video capture at 120 frames per second. + += = = Michelle Malkin = = = +Michelle Malkin (born October 20, 1970) is a conservative blogger, political commentator and author. She runs a weekly syndicated column. Her weekly syndicated column is in a number of newspapers and websites. She is a Fox News Channel contributor and has been a guest on MSNBC, C-SPAN, and national radio programs. Malkin has written four books published by Regnery Publishing. + += = = Dodge Ram Van = = = +The Dodge B-Series, also marketed as the Dodge Ram Van, was a series line of passenger or cargo vans which began around 1971 and ended in 2003. These vans were full sized. They had the names of Sportsman for the passenger van. The cargo vans were named Dodge Tradesman. This was before 1979, beginning in which year these vehicles were renamed Dodge Ram Van. The vehicles were marketed under Dodge. The B-Series vans were discontinued in June of 2003 and replaced with the Dodge Sprinter, which is a rebadged version of the Mercedes-Benz Sprinter, which has been on sale since 2002, las the model line currently competes with the Chevrolet Van, Chevrolet Express, Ford Econoline, and GMC Savana. + += = = Lincoln Town Car = = = +The Lincoln Town Car was an American-made full size sedan. It was launched in 1980 as a 1981 model. However, the Town Car name was first used on the Lincoln Continental starting in 1959 and ending in 1979. For 1980, the Town Car name was used on a downsized version of the Continental before it was used on its own model. The first official generation of the Town Car was made from 1981 to 1989. For 1990, the second generation got a complete redesign and was facelifted for the 1995 model year. For 1998, the Town Car entered its third generation and got a rounder, more sleek design. For 2003, the Panther platform got new rack and pinion steering along with a slight redesign which lasted till its end in 2011. The Lincoln Town Car was distributed by The Ford Motor Company, Ford's Lincoln (automobile) division. This automobile was the most used limousine in the United States and in Canada. The automobiles are sometimes used as taxis. They were used as hearses as well. The Town Car was discontinued in 2011. + += = = Seventh Son of a Seventh Son = = = +Seventh Son of a Seventh Son is a studio album by Iron Maiden. It went on sale on 11 April 1988. +It is a concept album, and talks about the idea that a seventh son of a seventh son has special powers. The album was the most popular one in th eUnited Kingdom when it went on sale. +The album got good reviews. One person who reviewed it said that "ranks among [Iron Maiden's] best work." + += = = Candida albicans = = = +Candida albicans is a yeast which causes oral and genital infections in humans. The infection is candidiasis, better known as "thrush". It is treated with antimycotics (anti-fungal drugs). +"C. albicans" biofilms readily form on the surface of medical devices. Hospital-related infections in patients are a major health concern. +"C. albicans" is among the gut flora, the many organisms that live in the human mouth and gastrointestinal tract. Under normal circumstances, it lives in 80% of the human population with no harmful effects, although overgrowth results in candidiasis. + += = = America's Got Talent = = = +America's Got Talent (sometimes abbreviated as AGT) is an American reality television series on the NBC television network, and part of the global British ""Got Talent" series" franchise. It began in June 21, 2006. It features singers, dancers, magicians and other talents from America to compete for a contract and $1,000,000 and as a headliner on the Las Vegas Strip since season 3. +Format. +Artists compete for the judges votes. Before appearing, Applicants must audition to impress the crew who works on the show. This is how people get a chance to impress the judges. +Note: Certain seasons may have different variations of rounds. +Auditions. +Once applicants have made the show, they go on stage with the judges. Before the act, they introduce themselves("Who are you and where are you from?") is a common line. They perform their act with added help from the crew that helps the contestants with playing music, and props. The coaches have a big red X button they can press if the act starts performing and they get bored, don't like the act, or think the act isn't "talent" material or just plain stupid. If an act receives all of the Judges X's, they must stop performing, however, some have ignored the unofficial rule. After the act is complete, the judges make comments make positive and/or negative about it. Each judge then votes. If an act received 3 Yes's(75%) or more, they move on to the next round of competition. If an act received 2 yes's(50%) or less, they are eliminated from the competition. X's do not determine a judge's yes or no decision. Even if an act received four X's, they can still go through if they can convince the judges to give them 3 yes's, they still go through. +Judge Cuts. +The second round of the competition features the contestants performing an act again(usually better and bigger) than the last time. The Judges decide on a certain number of acts moving to the live shows. The contestants are usually split into a certain number of groups as well. The judges decide who moves on as a group, instead of individually. The judges can still X a performance, but all performances are eligible to move on when the judges X a performance, even with four X's. + += = = Stained glass = = = +Stained glass is glass coloured by adding metallic salts when it is made. The coloured glass is made into stained glass windows. Small pieces of glass are arranged to form patterns or pictures. The glass is held together by strips of lead and supported by a rigid frame. +Painted details and yellow stain are often used to improve the design. The term stained glass is also applied to windows in which the colours have been painted onto the glass and then fused to the glass in a kiln. +Stained glass is much used in Christian art but other themes are not rare. It is still popular today, and often called art glass. It is often used in luxury homes and commercial buildings. +Some colours are added to stained glass by the salts of: + += = = Shutter Island (movie) = = = +Shutter Island is a 2010 American psychological thriller movie directed by Martin Scorsese, with Leonardo DiCaprio, based on novel "Dennis Levane". +The movie cost about $80 million to make. Worldwide, it had a total gross profit of $294,803,014. + += = = Chevrolet Caprice = = = +Chevrolet Caprice and Caprice Classic are fully sized vehicles produced by General Motors. The vehicles were first produced around 1965. The cars were discontinued in the United States during 1996, though they returned for 2011. These cars are used as police vehicles or as taxis in many countries. + += = = List of United States senators from Kansas = = = +This is a list of United States senators from Kansas. + += = = Euston Road = = = +Euston Road is the main east/west road in the north central London. +A number of railway stations are on the Euston Road including Marylebone station, Baker Street tube station, Great Portland Street tube station, Euston railway station, Euston tube station, Euston Square tube station, King's Cross station, St Pancras station and King's Cross St Pancras tube station. +It is also the home of the British Library, the Friend's Meeting House (a place of worship for Quakers) and various buildings associated with University College London. +Euston Road is connected to Marylebone Road, Baker Street, Tottenham Court Road, Pentonville Road and many other roads. + += = = Calvin cycle = = = +The Calvin cycle (also known as the Benson-Calvin cycle) is the set of chemical reactions that take place in chloroplasts during photosynthesis. +The cycle is light-independent because it takes place after the energy has been captured from sunlight. +The Calvin cycle is named after Melvin Calvin, who won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry for finding it in 1961. Calvin and his colleagues, Andrew Benson and , did the work at the University of California, Berkeley. +Context. +Using the radioactive carbon-14 isotope as a tracer, Calvin, Andrew Benson and their team mapped the complete route that carbon travels through a plant during photosynthesis. They traced the carbon-14 from soaking up its atmospheric carbon dioxide to its conversion into carbohydrates and other organic compounds. The single-celled algae "Chlorella" was used to trace the carbon-14. +The Calvin group showed that sunlight acts on the chlorophyll in a plant to fuel the manufacture of organic compounds, not directly on carbon dioxide as previously believed. +Steps. +The steps in the cycle are as follows: +1. Grab: A five-carbon carbon catcher called RuBP (Ribulose bisphosphate) catches one molecule of carbon dioxide and forms a six-carbon molecule. +2. Split: the enzyme RuBisCO (with the energy of ATP and NADPH molecules) breaks the six-carbon molecule into two equal parts. +3. Leave: A trio of carbons leave and become sugar. The other trio moves on to the next step. +4. Switch: Using ATP and NADPH, the three-carbon molecule is changed into a five-carbon molecule. +5. The cycle starts over again. +The product. +The carbohydrate products of the Calvin cycle are three-carbon sugar phosphate molecules, or 'glucose triose phosphates' (G3P). Each step of the cycle has its own enzyme which speeds up the reaction. + += = = Political machine = = = +A political machine (sometimes called just machine in politics) is a political organization in which a person or small group with authority that has enough votes or is popular enough to have control over political administration or any type of government in a city, county, or state. The term "political machine" has been used mostly since the 19th century in the United States, used to describe machines like Tamanny Hall who stayed in control mostly because of the large support from the immigrants in Manhattan during the 19th century. + += = = Hall & Oates = = = +Hall & Oates is an American musical group. The members are Daryl Hall and John Oates. They came from Philadelphia. Their greatest fame was from the late 1970s to mid 1980s. During this time they had many hit songs. They faded from view in 1990, but the duo are still performing together. + += = = Duke of Normandy = = = +The title Duke of Normandy was given to the rulers of the duchy of Normandy. This fief was created in 911 by Charles the Simple King of France for Rollo, a leader of Northmen. In 1066 the seventh duke, William II, became King William I of England. The title of Duke of Normandy was held by the Kings of England until Henry III gave up the title by treaty in 1259. King John had lost mainland Normandy in 1204, and kept only the Channel Islands. Today the Channel Islands are a British Crown dependency. +In 1660 when King Charles II was restored to the throne, the King of France, Louis XIV, created Charles' brother James Duke of Normandy, probably as a show of support for monarchy and to stop Charles claiming the title himself. + += = = Fernando Wood = = = +Fernando Wood (14 June 1812 – 14 February, 1881) was an American politician of the Democratic Party from Pennsylvania. He served as the Mayor of New York City twice (1855 – 1857, 1860 – 1862), United States Representative three times (1841–1843, 1863–1865, and 1867–1881) and as Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means in both the 45th and 46th United States Congress (1877–1881). He was head of the political machine Tammany Hall. In 1854 he was elected Mayor of New York City and took office in 1855. He ran again in 1856, but lost to Daniel F. Tiemann, who was mayor from 1857 to 1859. Wood was re-elected in 1860 and took office again that year, for the last time. After being a mayor, Wood returned to the United States Congress. He died at the age of 68. + += = = Terry Branstad = = = +Terry Edward Branstad (born November 17, 1946) is an American politician. He was the United States Ambassador to China from May 24, 2017 to October 4, 2020. He was the 42nd Governor of Iowa from in January 14, 2011 until his resignation on May 24, 2017. Branstad was the 39th governor of Iowa from 1983 to 1999 and President of Des Moines University from 2003 to 2009. He is a member of the Republican Party and is the longest-serving governor in Iowa or American history. +In 2010, he won a three-way primary election to run as the Republican candidate for governor. He ran against incumbent Governor Chet Culver, a Democrat, and four third party candidates in the November 2, 2010 general election. He won the general election in November, defeating Culver by 52.9% to 43.1%. +Branstad started the 2010 race with a lead in both the primary and general elections. He won the Republican primary with 50.4% of the vote, 9.5% ahead of the next candidate. +On December 14, 2015, Branstad became the longest serving governor in American history. +In December 2016, Branstad was nominated by President-elect of the United States Donald Trump to become the United States Ambassador to China. Branstad was confirmed by the Senate on May 22, 2017, and was succeeded as Governor of Iowa by Lieutenant Governor Kim Reynolds after he resigns to take up the ambassadorship. He resigned in October 2020. +Early life. +Branstad's family were Norwegian-American Lutheran farmers who lived in Leland, Iowa. Branstad graduated from the University of Iowa and earned a Juris Doctor degree from Drake University Law School. He served in the United States Army from 1969 to 1971 and earned the Army Commendation Medal for meritorious service. In 1989, he was named an honorary member of Alpha Gamma Rho Fraternity at Iowa State University. +Branstad served three terms in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 and served as the 41st Lieutenant Governor of Iowa from 1979 to 1983, when he was elected Governor of Iowa. +Governor of Iowa (1983–1999). +When he became governor at age 36, Branstad was the youngest governor in Iowa's history and when he left office, he was Iowa's longest-serving governor. He served as chair of the National Governors Association during 1989–1990, and was chair of the Midwestern Governors Association. In 1997, he chaired the Education Commission of the States, the Republican Governors Association, and the Governors' Ethanol Coalition. Honor doctor of University of Northern Iowa. +Post-gubernatorial career. +After Branstad's term as governor ended in 1999, he founded Branstad and Associates, LLC and was also a partner in the firm of Kaufman, Pattee, Branstad & Miller, and a financial advisor for Robert W. Baird and Co. +In August 2003, Branstad became the president of Des Moines University. On October 16, 2009, he said that he was leaving Des Moines University to run for governor again. +In 2001, Branstad was appointed by President George W. Bush to chair the President's Commission for Excellence in Special Education. This group's goal was to make a plan to improve the educational performance of students with disabilities. After finishing that work with the commission in 2003, he was asked to serve as a member of the National Advisory Council for Positive Action for Teen Health, or PATH. The Council's goal is to detect adolescent mental illness. +Branstad is or was on the boards of the Conmed Health Management Inc, American Future Fund, Iowa Health System, Liberty Bank, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and Living History Farms. +2010 Gubernatorial campaign and election. +On August 2, 2009, the "Des Moines Register" reported that Branstad might run for the Republican nomination for governor. On October 7, 2009, Branstad filed papers to run for governor in the 2010 election. According to a poll taken in September 2009 by "The Des Moines Register", he had a 70% positive rating from Iowans compared to Governor Chet Culver's rating of 50%. +On June 8, 2010, Branstad won the Republican primary election in Iowa; on January 2, 2010, he won the general election. +United States Ambassador to China. +On December 8, 2016, Branstad accepted President-elect Donald Trump's nomination of him for the post of United States Ambassador to China (PRC). +Branstad was confirmed by the United States Senate on a 83-12 vote on May 22, 2017, and was succeeded as Governor of Iowa by Lieutenant Governor Kim Reynolds once he resigned to take up the ambassadorship. +Branstad announced his resignation on September 15, 2020. He left the ambassadorship on October 4, 2020. + += = = Ford Expedition = = = +The Ford Expedition is a full sized SUV that can carry up to nine people. This SUV debuted around 1997 as a replacement for Ford Bronco. The vehicle is used by EMS, by law enforcement and by fire department agencies. +First Generation (1997-2002). +The First generation Expedition, also known as the UN93 was manufactured on July 22, 1996 in Wayne, Michigan and Revealed on October 2 ,1996. Its front end is identical to the 10th gen Ford F-150. It has 3 variants, XLT, Eddie Bauer, and SVT (Which was discontinued days later). The engines can be a 4.6, 5.4, and 5.6. +Second Generation (2003-2006). +The Second generation Expedition was manufactured on March 2002 under the U222 chassis code in Wayne, Michigan and revealed at the 2002 . + += = = Chironex fleckeri = = = +Chironex fleckeri, commonly known as sea wasp, is a well-known, lethal, venomous species of Box jellyfish. It lives in coastal waters from northern Australia and New Guinea north to the Philippines and Vietnam. Humans can easily be killed by its sting. It is considered the most lethal jellyfish in the world because of the numerous incidents resulting in injury or death to humans. + += = = 2010–2011 Queensland floods = = = +The 2010–11 Queensland floods were a series of floods in Australia which began in December 2010 and ended in January 2011. The majority of the floods were in Queensland including its capital city, Brisbane. The rain also caused floods further south in central and western Victoria. At least 90 towns flooded. A huge area of Queensland, the size of Texas and France combined, was flooded. The floods forced thousands of people to leave their homes. At least 70 towns and 200,000 people were affected in Queensland. Three-quarters of the state of Queensland has been declared a disaster zone. The 2010–2011 floods have killed 35 (not 30) people across Queensland since November and 14 are still missing. More than 20 people have died in flash floods between Brisbane and Toowoomba. +The floods were caused by heavy rain from tropical cyclone "Tasha" that joined with a trough during a La Niña event. La Niña is an unusual weather pattern, which brings wet weather to eastern Australia. The 2010 La Niña was the strongest since 1973. This caused heavy rainfall across Queensland. December 2010 was the wettest on record, with 107 places getting their highest rainfalls ever. The state average rainfall level of 404.7mm was much bigger than the old record of 369mm set in 1975. 2010 was also recorded as the state's wettest spring since 1900 and Australia's third wettest year. Flooding started across parts of the state in early December. On 28 December a monsoonal trough crossed the coast from the Coral Sea, bringing very heavy rain from the Gulf of Carpentaria to the Gold Coast. +About 300 roads were closed, including nine major highways. Many places, including Condamine and Chinchilla were flooded several times. Coal railway lines were closed and many mine sites flooded. The floods have caused fruit and vegetable prices to rise as crops have been destroyed. The wet conditions have also led to a large number of snakes seeking safety on the higher ground or in houses with people. Saltwater crocodiles and sharks were seen in some flooded areas of towns. +Flooding in the Fitzroy River. +The flooding forced 8,000 people to leave Theodore, Queensland Theodore and other towns. The military transported people by helicopter to an evacuation centre at Moura, Queensland. The total evacuation of a Queensland town had never happened before. +Emerald, Queensland was cut-off by road on 29 December as the Nogoa River rose. The next day, the river level rose above the 2008 flood peak level of . At the peak of the flooding, 80% of the town was flooded, the worst the town ever experienced. 1,200 people from Emerald were listed as evacuees. +Rockhampton had nearly a week to get ready for the flood peak from the Fitzroy River, which flows through the centre of the city. The airport was closed on 1 January. A metal flood barrier was set up to protect the buildings. An evacuation centre was set up at the Central Queensland University. The Bruce Highway leading south out of Rockhampton was closed to traffic. The river reached just short the of the predicted maximum. +The Port of Gladstone cut back its coal exports because the coal piles at the port were too wet and further coal deliveries could not be made by rail. The Goonyella railway line which is used by a number of coal mines in the Bowen Basin was closed for one week and shipments of grain were also stopped. +Burnett River - The River of Magic Water. +The towns of Gayndah, Queensland and Mundubbera, Queensland when the Burnett River flooded on 28–29 December. The river peaked at at Mundubbera. This was the highest river height since 1942 and flooded more than 20 houses. Downstream at Gayndah, the river peaked at with floodwaters reaching two houses. Both towns were isolated for several days and there was major disruption to the drinking water supply and local agricultural production. +Bundaberg had its worst flooding in 40 years, after the Burnett River flooded the city. Floodwater forced 300 households to leave their homes . + += = = Ford Flex = = = +The Ford Flex is a full size crossover which was manufactured by Ford Motor Company. Its styling was based on the concept of the Ford Fairlane. The vehicle made its debut in 2007 at the New York International Auto Show. It replaced the Ford Freestar as well as its sibling, the Mercury Monterey and the Ford Taurus X and began sales in June 2008 as a 2009 model. It was facelifted for the 2013 model year and ended production in 2019. + += = = Rod Blagojevich = = = +Rod R. Blagojevich (born December 10, 1956) was 40th Governor of Illinois beginning January 13, 2003 and ending January 29, 2009. He succeeded George Ryan, who would also be arrested for non-related charges. Blagojevich was the first Governor of Illinois to be impeached while in office and the first Democratic politician in over 25 years to face such charges. In February 2020, President Donald Trump ended Blagojevich's prison sentence four years earlier. +Early life. +Blagojevich was born in Chicago, Illinois, the second of four children. His father, Radislav, was an immigrant steel plant laborer from a village near Kragujevac, Serbia. Blagojevich graduated from Chicago's Foreman High School after transferring from Lane Technical High School. He began boxing at a young age. +Governor of Illinois. +During 2002, Blagojevich campaigned for his party's nomination to become governor. Blagojevich won a close primary campaign against former Illinois Attorney General Roland Burris and Chicago Public Schools Superintendent Paul Vallas, who ran well in the suburban collar counties of Chicago. Blagojevich finished strongly in Southern Illinois, winning 55% of the primary vote downstate, enough to win a primary victory by a thin margin. +In the general election, Blagojevich defeated Topinka and the Green Party's Rich Whitney, outspending Topinka $27 million to $6 million. He attempted to tie Topinka to former Republican governor George Ryan's corruption. Blagojevich won re-election. +Arrest and conviction. +He was arrested in December 2008 on federal corruption charges, including conspiracy to commit mail and wire fraud. Blagojevich was later impeached during January 2009, convicted and removed from office on January 29, 2009. On December 7, 2011, Blagojevich was sentenced to 14 years in federal prison. He is held at Federal Correctional Institution, Englewood in Jefferson County, Colorado. +On May 31, 2018, President Donald Trump, soon after having pardoned commentator Dinesh D'Souza, told reporters that he was considering reducing Blagojevich's sentence (without pardoning him). Trump called Blagojevich's 14-year sentence "unfair", saying that Blagojevich's statements about enriching himself were "stupid", but also the sort of thing "that many other politicians say". +President Donald Trump commuted his sentence on February 18, 2020, ending his sentence four years early. +Personal life. +Blagojevich has been married to Patricia Mell Blagojevich. They have two children. His family owns a home in Ravenswood, Chicago, but live in Jefferson County, Colorado because of Blagojevich's prison stay. + += = = The Prodigy = = = +The Prodigy are an English electronic dance music group. It was by Liam Howlett in 1990 in Braintree, Essex. Along with Fatboy Slim, The Chemical Brothers and The Crystal Method, as well as other acts, members of the Prodigy have been said as founders of the big beat genre which achieved mainstream popularity in the 1990s and 2000s. They have sold over 25 million records worldwide. They named the band after the synthesizer, Moog Prodigy. + += = = Daintree Rainforest = = = +The Daintree Rainforest is a tropical rainforest in Queensland, Australia. At around 1200 square kilometres the Daintree is the largest continuous area of tropical rainforest on the Australian mainland. It is named after Richard Daintree, an Australian geologist and photographer. +The Daintree Rainforest is a main part of the Wet Tropics of Queensland, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. These are some of its ancient flora: +The Daintree Rainforest itself meets all four natural criteria on the "Criteria for Selection to be a World Heritage Site", though it is just part of the Wet Tropics site. The Wet Tropics are one of only twelve natural World Heritage Sites in the world which meet all four criteria. The Daintree area is next to another World Heritage site, the Great Barrier Reef. This makes it the only place in the world where two natural World Heritage Sites meet. +The Daintree Rainforest contains 30% of the frog, marsupial and reptile species in Australia, and 65% of Australia's bat and butterfly species. 18% of bird species in the country can be found in this area. There are also over 12,000 species of insects. All of this diversity is contained within an area that takes up 0.2% of Australia. +The Daintree Rainforest is extremely ancient; it is thought to be over one hundred and thirty-five million years old. About 430 species of birds live among the trees. The primitive flowering plants "Austrobaileya scandens" and "Idiospermum australiense" are also endemic to the Daintree. +The forest is north of Mossman, Queensland, on the coast, north of Cairns in the tropical far north of Australia. Part of the forest is protected by the Daintree National Park and drained by the Daintree River. +The Daintree Rainforest is loosely defined as the area between the Mossman Gorge and the Bloomfield River. The roads north of the Daintree River wind through areas of lush forest, and have been designed to minimize damage to the forest. +The Daintree Region is home to a number of rare and endangered species, including the southern cassowary and Bennett's tree-kangaroo. It is listed as an important bird area, but might just as well be listed for its fungi, which are said to be astonishing. Animals include the saltwater crocodile and the musky rat-kangaroo. +The rainforest also holds many ancient plants which have survived from the southern supercontinent Gondwana. + += = = Rotes Rathaus = = = +The Red City Hall () is the town hall of Berlin, in the Mitte borough on Rathausstraße near Alexanderplatz. It is the home to the governing mayor and the government (the Senate of Berlin) of the Federal state of Berlin. The landmark building got its name from the red clinker bricks with which it is covered. +History. +The Rathaus was built between 1861 and 1869 in the style of the north Italian High Renaissance by Hermann Friedrich Waesemann. It was modelled on the Old Town Hall of Toruń, now in Poland, while the architecture of the tower is reminiscent of the cathedral tower of Notre-Dame of Laon in France. It replaced several individual buildings dating from the Middle Ages and now fills an entire city block. +The building was heavily damaged by Allied bombing in World War II and rebuilt to the original plans between 1951 and 1956. The "Neues Stadthaus", which survived the bombing and had been the head office of the Berlin city fire insurance company in Parochialstraße was the temporary city hall for the post-war city government for all four sectors of Berlin until September 1948. Following that time, it housed only those of the Soviet sector. The reconstructed Rotes Rathaus, then in the Soviet sector, served as the town hall of East Berlin, while the Rathaus Schöneberg in Schöneberg borough was seat of the West Berlin Senate. After German reunification, the administration of reunified Berlin officially moved into the Rotes Rathaus on 1 October 1991. + += = = List of mayors of Berlin = = = +The following list of mayors of Berlin shows all the mayors () of Berlin, Germany since 1809: +1809–1948. +"" (generally "Lord Mayor") +1948–1991 (East Berlin). +Mayors () of East Berlin, capital in the socialist state of German Democratic Republic. +The Mayor of Berlin ("Regierender Bürgermeister von Berlin") was democratically elected in January 1991. +1948–1991 (West Berlin). +Governing Mayors () of West Berlin (1949–90), and Berlin, capital of Germany since 1990. + += = = Gondwana Rainforests = = = +The Gondwana Rainforests of Australia, formerly the 'Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves', are the most extensive area of subtropical rainforest in the world. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. +The area includes 50 separate reserves covering . It is around the New South Wales–Queensland border. +The Gondwana Rainforests are so-called because the fossil record indicates that when Gondwana existed it was covered by rainforests containing the same kinds of species that are living today. The number of visitors to the reserve is about two million per year. +National parks. +The Queensland areas include the Main Range, at its most northern point; and extending south, the Lamington, Mount Chinghee, Springbrook and Mount Barney national parks. +The New South Wales areas include the Barrington Tops, at its most southern point; and extending north, the Dorrigo, Mount Warning, New England, Mebbin, Nightcap, Border Ranges, Oxley Wild Rivers, Washpool, Willi Willi and Werrikimbe national parks. +The most heavily visited parts are Dorrigo National Park and the Natural Bridge section of Springbrook National Park. + += = = Unter den Linden = = = +Unter den Linden ("under the linden trees") is a boulevard in the Mitte district of Berlin, the capital of Germany. It is named for its linden (lime in British English) trees that line the grassed pedestrian mall in the middle of the road +Unter den Linden runs east–west from the site of the former Stadtschloss royal palace at the Lustgarten park, where the demolished Palast der Republik used to be, to Pariser Platz and Brandenburg Gate. Eastward the boulevard crosses the river Spree near the Dom (Berlin Cathedral) and continues as Karl-Liebknecht-Straße. The western continuation behind Brandenburg Gate is Straße des 17. Juni. Major north–south streets crossing Unter den Linden are Friedrichstraße and Wilhelmstrasse. +Unter den Linden at the heart of the historic section of Berlin developed from a bridle path laid out by Elector John George of Brandenburg in the 16th century to reach his hunting grounds in the Tiergarten. It was replaced by a boulevard of linden trees planted in 1647, stretching from the city palace to the gates of the city, by order of the “Great Elector” Frederick William. While the western part of the boulevard retained its character, the area around present-day Bebelplatz was changed after the Thirty Years' War and fortified. There are no trees. +By the 19th century, as Berlin grew and expanded to the west, Unter den Linden became the best-known and grandest street in Berlin. In 1851 the famous equestrian (horse-riding) statue of King Frederick the Great, designed by Christian Daniel Rauch, was put up on the centre strip. In the course of the building of the Nord-Süd-Tunnel for the Berlin S-Bahn in 1934/35 most of the linden trees were cut down and during the last days of World War II the remaining trees were destroyed or cut down for firewood. The present-day linden were replanted in the 1950s, they are affected by air pollution as well as by soil contamination. +Since 1937, the numbering has started at the "Schlossbrücke" (Palace Bridge), connecting Unter den Linden with the Lustgarten and Museum Island. The disputed replica of the Alte Kommandantur is No. 1, vis-à-vis the Zeughaus arsenal, the oldest building on Unter den Linden, built between 1695 and 1706, today the seat of the "Deutsches Historisches Museum" (No. 2). Buildings along the street include (from east to west) the Kronprinzenpalais (former palace of the Hohenzollern crown princes, No. 3), the Neue Wache war memorial built in 1817 (No. 4), considered by many to be Karl Friedrich Schinkel’s masterpiece. Furthermore, on Bebelplatz the Berlin State Opera (No. 7), coloquially called "Lindenoper", St. Hedwig's Cathedral and the "Altes Palais" (No. 9), favoured residence of Emperor Wilhelm I; in the north the main building of the Humboldt University (No. 6) and House I of the Berlin State Library (No. 8). On the western end are the Russian Embassy (former Soviet Embassy, No. 63-65) the Hungarian Embassy (No. 76) at the corner of Wilhelmstrasse and finally the Hotel Adlon (No. 77) at the corner of Pariser Platz, which has been completely rebuilt on the site of the prewar hotel. Well-known statues of Alexander and Wilhelm von Humboldt in front of the university as well as of the Prussian generals Scharnhorst and Bülow also adorn the street. + += = = Baja California = = = +Baja California may refer to: + += = = Yucatán = = = +Yucatán may refer to: + += = = Chihuahua = = = +Chihuahua may refer to: + += = = Chihuahua Municipality = = = +Chihuahua is one of the 67 municipalities of Chihuahua, in northern Mexico. The municipal seat is the state capital, the city of Chihuahua. +As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 758,791, with 748,551 in the municipal seat. It covers an area of . + += = = Chihuahua City = = = +The city of Chihuahua is the state capital of the Mexican state of Chihuahua. It is also the seat of Chihuahua Municipality. It has a population of about 825,327. The predominant activity is industry, including domestic heavy, light industries, consumer goods production, and to a smaller extent "maquiladoras". + += = = Bridle path = = = +A bridle path is a pathway or trail between two places. It is designed for people riding horses, but can also be used by people walking. A footpath is a track between two places designed only for people walking. + += = = Frederick II of Prussia = = = +Frederick II (; 24 January 1712 – 17 August 1786) was a King in Prussia (1740–1786) from the Hohenzollern dynasty. As a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire, he was Frederick IV Margrave of Brandenburg. He was also the sovereign prince of the Principality of Neuchâtel. Victorious in war, he became known as Frederick the Great () and was nicknamed "der alte Fritz" ("Old Fritz"). +When he was young, Frederick was mostly interested in music and philosophy and not military affairs. Frederick tried to escape from his strict father, Frederick William I, with childhood friend, Hans Hermann von Katte. When they were captured Frederick was forced to watch von Kattel's execution. Many historians consider him to be bisexual and perhaps possibly celibate in his later life. After the death of Frederick William I in 1740, Frederick the Great only attended his wife with formal visits once a year. +Shortly after becoming King in Prussia, he attacked Austria and claimed Silesia during the Silesian Wars. Near the end of his life, Frederick united most of his separated parts of his kingdom through the First Partition of Poland. +For years Frederick exchanged letters with Voltaire. He modernized the Prussian bureaucracy and civil service and promoted religious tolerance. Frederick patronized the arts and philosophers, and wrote flute music. Frederick is buried at his favorite residence, Sanssouci in Potsdam. Because he died childless, Frederick was succeeded by his nephew, Frederick William II of Prussia, son of his brother, Prince Augustus William of Prussia. +Crown Prince. +In 1732, Queen Sophia Dorothea tried to arrange a dual marriage of Frederick and his sister Wilhelmina with Amelia and Frederick, the children of her brother, King George II of Great Britain. Fearing an alliance between Prussia and Great Britain, Field Marshal von Seckendorff, the Austrian ambassador in Berlin, bribed Field Marshal von Grumbkow, the Prussian Minister of War, and Benjamin Reichenbach, Prussian ambassador in London. They pair discreetly slandered the British and Prussian courts in the eyes of the two kings. Angered by the idea of the marriage Frederick William made impossible demands to the British, such as Prussia acquiring Jülich and Berg, leading to the collapse of the marriage proposal. +After von Kattel died Frederick was granted a royal pardon and released from his cell on 18 November, but he was not given back his military rank. Instead of returning to Berlin, however, he was forced to stay in Küstrin and began learning statecraft and administration for the War and Estates Departments on 20 November. Tensions eased slightly when Frederick William visited Küstrin a year later, and Frederick was allowed to visit Berlin on the occasion of his sister Wilhelmina's marriage to Margrave Frederick of Bayreuth on 20 November 1731. The crown prince returned to Berlin after finally being released from Küstrin on 26 February 1732. +Frederick William considered marrying Frederick to Elisabeth of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, the niece of Empress Anna of Russia, but this plan was opposed by Prince Eugene of Savoy. Frederick himself proposed marrying Maria Theresa of Austria in return for renouncing the succession. Instead, Eugene persuaded Frederick William, through Seckendorff, that the crown prince marry Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Bevern, a Protestant relative of the Austrian Habsburgs. Although Frederick wrote to his sister that, "There can be neither love nor friendship between us," and he considered suicide, he went along with the wedding on 12 June 1733. He had little in common with his bride and resented the political marriage as an example of the Austrian interference which had plagued Prussia since 1701. Once Frederick secured the throne in 1740, he would not let Elisabeth visit his court in Potsdam, and instead gave her Schönhausen Palace and apartments at the Berliner Stadtschloss. Frederick bestowed the title of the heir to the throne, "Prince of Prussia", on his brother Augustus William; despite this, his wife remained devoted to him. +Frederick was given back a rank in the Prussian Army as Colonel of the Regiment von der Goltz, stationed near Nauen and Neuruppin. When Prussia gave troops to help Austria during the War of the Polish Succession, Frederick studied under Prince Eugene of Savoy during the campaign against France on the Rhine. Frederick William, weakened by gout brought about by the campaign, gave Frederick Schloss Rheinsberg in Rheinsberg, north of Neuruppin. In Rheinsberg, Frederick assembled a small number of musicians, actors and other artists. He spent his time reading, watching dramatic plays, making and listening to music, and regarded this time as one of the happiest of his life. Frederick formed the "Bayard Order" to discuss warfare with his friends; Heinrich August de la Motte Fouqué was made the grand master of the gatherings. +The works of Niccolò Machiavelli, such as "The Prince", were considered a guideline for the behaviour of a king in Frederick's age. In 1739, Frederick finished his "Anti-Machiavel", which put another point of view. It was published anonymously in 1740, but Voltaire distributed it in Amsterdam. +Frederick's years dedicated to the arts instead of politics ended upon the 1740 death of Frederick William and his inheritance of the Kingdom of Prussia. +Reign (1740–1786). +When Frederick ascended the throne as "King in Prussia" in 1740, Prussia consisted of scattered territories, including Cleves, Mark, and Ravensberg in the west of the Holy Roman Empire; Brandenburg, Hither Pomerania, and Farther Pomerania in the east of the Empire; and the former Duchy of Prussia, outside of the Empire bordering the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. He was titled "King in Prussia" because this was only part of historic Prussia; he was to declare himself "King of Prussia" after acquiring most of the rest in 1772. +Warfare and Conquest. +Frederick's goal was to modernize and unite his vulnerably disconnected lands; toward this end, he fought wars mainly against Austria, whose Habsburg dynasty reigned as Holy Roman Emperors, almost continuously from the 15th century until 1806. Frederick established Prussia as the fifth and smallest European great power by using the resources his frugal father had cultivated. +The First Silesian War (1740–1742), part of the War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748), resulted in Frederick conquering the Polish part of Silesia. Austria attempted to recover Silesia in the Second Silesian War (1744–1745), but Frederick was victorious again and forced Austria to stick to the previous peace terms. Prussian possession of Silesia gave the kingdom control over the Oder River. +Habsburg Austria and Bourbon France, traditional enemies, allied together in the Diplomatic Revolution of 1756 following the collapse of the Anglo-Austrian Alliance. Frederick swiftly made an alliance with Great Britain at the Convention of Westminster. As neighboring countries began conspiring against him, Frederick was determined to strike first. On 29 August 1756 his well-prepared army crossed the frontier and invaded Saxony, thus beginning the Seven Years' War which lasted until 1763. He faced widespread criticism for his attack on neutral Saxony and for his forcible incorporation of the Saxon forces into the Prussian army following the Siege of Pirna in October 1756. +Facing a coalition which included Austria, France, Russia, Saxony, and Sweden, and having only Great Britain and Hanover as his allies, Frederick narrowly kept Prussia in the war despite having his territories frequently invaded. +The sudden death of Empress Elizabeth of Russia put her pro-Prussian nephew Peter III in power. This led to the collapse of the anti-Prussian coalition. Although Frederick did not gain any territory in the ensuing Treaty of Hubertusburg, he was able to keep Silesia. Prussia became popular in many German-speaking territories. +Late in his life Frederick also involved Prussia in the smaller War of the Bavarian Succession in 1778, in which he stopped Austrian attempts to exchange the Austrian Netherlands for Bavaria. When Emperor Joseph II| tried the scheme again in 1784, Frederick created the "Fürstenbund", making Germans see him as a defender of German liberties, in contrast to his earlier role of attacking the imperial Habsburgs. +Frederick frequently led his military forces personally and had six horses shot from under him during battle. Frederick is often admired as one of the greatest tactical geniuses of all time, especially for his usage of the oblique order of battle. Even more important were his operational successes, especially preventing the unification of numerically superior opposing armies and being at the right place at the right time to keep enemy armies out of Prussian core territory. In a letter to his mother Maria Theresa, the Austrian co-ruler Emperor Joseph II wrote, +Modernization of Prussia. +Frederick transformed Prussia from a European backwater into an economically strong and politically reformed state. His conquest of Silesia, which provided Prussia's new industries with raw materials, helped boost industrial production and development, and he protected these industries with high tariffs and a minimum of restrictions on internal domestic trade. The modernizing mechanisms and technology of the state also enabled Frederick, in 1747, to undertake a massive six-year drainage and "reclamation" program in the country's northern marsh-land. This rationalist-mided program, which Frederick saw as the "taming" and "conquering" of "useless" and "barbarous" nature, created roughly 150,000 acres of arable farmland, but also eliminated vast swaths of natural habitat, destroyed the region's biodiversity, and displaced numerous indigenous communities. With the help of French experts, Frederick also reorganized Prussia's taxation policy, implementing a system of indirect taxation, which was more lucrative than the previous policy of direct taxation. Frederick also commissioned the eminent Prussian merchant Johann Ernst Gotzkowsky to help promote trade. Gotzkowsky directed Frederick to reform the Prussian system of toll levies and import restrictions, and to construct a major a silk factory in an effort to compete with the French silk trade. In 1763, when Gotzkowsky went bankrupt during an Amsterdam-based financial crisis, Frederick took over a porcelain factory of his. +Frederick also presided over national currency reform during his reign. The effects of the Seven Years' War and the acquisition of Silesia had transformed the economy, depreciating the national currency and leading to high nation-wide inflation. The Prussian Mint Edict of May 1763 revalued the national currency, stabilizing the rates of highly depreciated coinage and mandating that the payments of taxes be in currency of prewar value. Other European rulers soon undertook similar monetary reforms, which helped to lower region-wide prices. +Frederick also presided over other important modernization efforts in Prussia, including the establishment of a modern governmental bureaucracy, the cultivation of one of Europe's most highly-regarded educational systems, and the abolition torture and corporal punishment. +After the acquisition of Royal Prussia (West Prussia) in 1772, Frederick also changed his title from the "King "in" Prussia," which had been the royal title used since the coronation of Frederick I, to the "King "of" Prussia," underscoring the increasing prominence of his state and his own importance as a ruler. +Religious Tolerance. +Frederick was generally a champion of religious tolerance, including accepting Jesuits, fleeing the suppression of Pope Clement XIV, as teachers in Silesia, Warmia, and the Netze District. He was interested in attracting many skills to his country, whether from Jesuit teachers, Huguenot citizens, or Jewish merchants and bankers, particularly from Spain. He wanted development throughout the country. As an example of this practical-minded but not fully unprejudiced tolerance, Frederick wrote in his "Testament politique" that: +Jews on the Polish border were therefore encouraged to perform all the trade they could and received all the protection and support from the king as any other Prussian citizen. The success in integrating the Jews into those areas of society that Frederick encouraged them in can be seen by the role played by Gerson von Bleichröder in financing Bismarck's efforts to reunite Germany. +As under Frederick much wasteland was made arable Prussia was looking for new colonists. Frederick repeatedly emphasized that nationality and religion were of no concern to him. +Architecture. +Frederick had famous buildings constructed in his capital, Berlin, most of which still exist today, such as the Berlin State Opera, the Royal Library (today the State Library Berlin), St. Hedwig's Cathedral, and Prince Henry's Palace (now the site of Humboldt University). However, the king preferred spending his time in his summer residence Potsdam, where he built the palace of Sanssouci, the most important work of Northern German rococo. Sanssouci, which translates from French as "carefree" or "without worry", was a refuge for Frederick. "Frederician Rococo" developed under Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff. +Later years. +Near the end of his life Frederick spent more and more time alone. His circle of friends at Sanssouci gradually died off without replacements, and Frederick became increasingly critical and arbitrary, to the frustration of the civil service and officer corps. The people of Berlin always cheered the king when he returned to the city from provincial tours or military reviews, but Frederick took no pleasure from his popularity with the common folk, preferring instead the company of his pet Italian greyhounds, whom he referred to as his 'marquises de Pompadour' as a jibe at Madame de Pompadour. Frederick died in an armchair in his study in the palace of Sanssouci on 17 August 1786. +Frederick had wished to be buried next to his greyhounds on the vineyard terrace on the side of the corps de logis of Sanssouci. His nephew and successor Frederick William II instead ordered the body be entombed next to his father in the church of the Potsdam garrison. Near the end of World War II, Adolf Hitler ordered the coffins of Frederick and Frederick William I, as well as those of Paul von Hindenburg and his wife, transferred first to an underground bunker near Berlin, then hidden in a salt mine close to the town of Bernrode, Germany, to protect them from destruction. The US Army discovered the four coffins on 27 April 1945, behind a 6-foot-thick (1.8 m) masonry wall deep within the mine, and moved them to the basement of Marburg Castle, a collection point for recovered Nazi "treasure". As part of a secret project dubbed "Operation Bodysnatch", the US Army relocated both kings first to the Elisabeth Church of Marburg and then on to Burg Hohenzollern close to the town of Hechingen. After German reunification, the body of Frederick William was entombed in the Kaiser Friedrich Mausoleum in Sanssouci's Church of Peace. +On the 205th anniversary of his death, on 17 August 1991, Frederick's casket lay in state in the court of honor of Sanssouci, covered by a Prussian flag and escorted by a Bundeswehr guard of honour. After nightfall, Frederick's body was finally laid to rest on the terrace of the vineyard of Sanssouci, according to his last will without pomp and at night ("... Im übrigen will ich, was meine Person anbetrifft, in Sanssouci beigesetzt werden, ohne Prunk, ohne Pomp und bei Nacht..." (1757)). +Frederick in popular culture. +Places. +King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, is named after the King of Prussia Inn, itself named in honor of Frederick. +Prussia Street in Dublin, Ireland, is named after Frederick the Great. +German films. +"The Great King" () is a 1942 German drama movie directed by Veit Harlan and starring Otto Gebühr. It depicts the life of Frederick the Great. It received the rare "movie of the Nation" distinction. Otto Gebühr also played the King in many other movies. +In the 2004 German movie "Der Untergang", Adolf Hitler is shown sitting in a dark room forlornly gazing at a painting of Frederick, possibly a reference to the dictator's fading hopes for another Miracle of the House of Brandenburg. +American films. +In the 1970 movie "Patton", General Patton incorrectly cites Frederick the Great as saying, "L'audace, l'audace, toujours l'audace!" ("Audacity, audacity — always audacity!") +Although Frederick is never seen on screen, he is mentioned several times in Stanley Kubrick's 1975 movie "Barry Lyndon". In the movie, he is referred to as "The great and illustrious Frederick" and his army is both praised and criticized. For example, a quote from the film: "During the five years which the war had now lasted, the great and illustrious Frederick had so exhausted the males of his kingdom that he had to employ scores of recruiters who hesitated no crime, including kidnapping, to keep supplied those brilliant regiments of his with food for powder." + += = = Gabrielle Giffords = = = +Gabrielle Giffords is an American politician. She was born on June 8, 1970. She is a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives. She was badly injured January 8, 2011, during a shooting in Tucson, Arizona after being shot in the head at very close range, but survived. She was holding a meeting around the parking lot of a supermarket when the shooting happened. +Since 2007, she has been married to astronaut and United States Senator Mark Kelly. +Dem. Gabrielle Giffords was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Arizona's 8th district from January 1, 2001 - January 25, 2012. She made a living translating English medical terms into Spanish for the use in the ER to Pediatrics. In Tuscan, Arizona on January 8, 2011 at a Wal-Mart shopping plaza she was holding a meeting for herself and the public to share concerns about the current and future state of Arizona along with its role at the White House with newly elected President Barak Obama. At that time she was unaware of that day and what it would mean to her colleagues and constituents, as well as, other American citizens around the country. She made multiple appearances during her recovery on the floor of Congress during important laws trying to be passed to the Senate and President for approval. Dem. Giffords continuing resiliency to remember that 'change' is an important part of democracy to continue to stay relevant in a world connected with each other hand in hand in the blink of an eye across the globe. When someone's character or beliefs come into question by another person or imitator online, persons should be made aware of their surroundings and be able to feel safe in public. + += = = King in Prussia = = = +King in Prussia was the title used by the rulers of Prussia from 1702 to 1772. +The rulers, who were also Princes and Margraves of Brandenberg wanted to be Kings, but knew that the Holy Roman Emperor would not allow them the title. +In return for support in the War of the Spanish Succession Emperor Leopold I allowed Frederick to call himself King in Prussia. The Duchy of Prussia was outside the Empire, and he was only regarded as King outside the Empire. +In 1772 Frederick II annexed most of Poland and decided to call himself King of Prussia. The Holy Roman Emperor was not as strong as they had been, and in 1806 the Empire ceased to exist. + += = = Tabasco pepper = = = +The tabasco pepper is a variety of chili pepper species "Capsicum frutescens". It is best known through its use in Tabasco sauce, followed by "peppered vinegar". + += = = Tabasco sauce = = = +Tabasco sauce is the brand name for a hot sauce produced by US-based McIlhenny Company of Avery Island, Louisiana. Tabasco sauce is made from tabasco peppers ("Capsicum frutescens" var. "tabasco"), vinegar, and salt, and aged in white oak barrels for three years. It has a hot, spicy flavor. + += = = Tabasco = = = +Tabasco may refer to: + += = = Kansas–Nebraska Act = = = +The Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 made the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, allowing the states to vote on whether slavery was legal or not. This law canceled the Missouri Compromise, which declared that slavery was not legal in those areas. It was passed on May 30, 1854. The Kansas-Nebraska Act angered many in the North who considered the Missouri Compromise to be a long-standing agreement. In the pro-slavery South, it was strongly supported. +After the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed, pro-slavery and anti-slavery supporters rushed in to settle Kansas to affect the outcome of the first election held after the new law went into effect. Pro-slavery settlers carried the election but anti-slavery settlers claimed the results were fraudulent, and did not accept defeat. The resulting fighting in Kansas gave it the nickname "Bleeding Kansas". + += = = List of monarchs of Prussia = = = +King of Prussia was the title Frederick the Great started using in 1772 after he got part of the Kingdom of Poland. +Before this he had called himself King in Prussia. +The rulers of Berlin kept using the title after they also became German Emperors, up until Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated (resigned) in 1918. + += = = Guerrero = = = +Guerrero may refer to: + += = = Guerrero Municipality, Chihuahua = = = +Guerrero is one of the 67 municipalities of Chihuahua, in northern Mexico. The municipal seat lies at Vicente Guerrero (aka Ciudad Guerrero). The municipality covers an area of 5,603.6 km2. + += = = Guerrero Municipality, Coahuila = = = +Guerrero is a one of the 38 municipalities of Coahuila, in north-eastern Mexico. The municipal seat lies at Guerrero. The municipality covers an area of 3,219.7 km2 and is located on the international border between Mexico and the USA, here formed by the Río Bravo del Norte (Rio Grande), adjacent to the U.S. state of Texas. + += = = Guerrero Municipality, Tamaulipas = = = +Guerrero is a municipality in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas. + += = = 2006–07 Chicago Blackhawks season = = = +The 2006–07 Chicago Blackhawks season was the Hawks' 81st season. +Regular season. +Season standings. +"Final regular season standings for the 2006–07 NHL season." +Transactions. +Draft picks. +Chicago's picks at the 2006 NHL Entry Draft in Vancouver, British Columbia. +Other websites. +Goaltenders: +Defensemen +• +• +• +• +Forwards +• +• +• +• +• +• +• +• +• +• + += = = Kathie Lee Gifford = = = +Kathie Lee Gifford (born August 16, 1953) is an American talk show host, singer and actress. She is best known for hosting "Live with Regis and Kathie Lee" from 1985-2000 with Regis Philbin. She later co-hosted the fourth hour of NBC's "Today" show. She has received 11 Daytime Emmy nominations. She won her first Daytime Emmy in 2010 as part of the cast in "The Today Show". +Before she hosted talk shows, Gifford's first television appearance was Tom Kennedy's singer/sidekick on "Name That Tune", from 1974 to 1978. +She has also appeared in television advertisements for Carnival Cruise Lines since 1984. +Early life. +Kathie Lee Gifford was born in Paris, France. Her birth name is Kathryn Lee Epstein. She is the daughter of Joan (née Cuttell; January 20, 1930 – September 12, 2017), a singer, and Aaron Epstein (March 19, 1924 – November 19, 2002), a musician and former U.S. Navy officer. Aaron Epstein was stationed with his family in France when Gifford was born. Gifford grew up in Bowie, Maryland, and attended Bowie High School. When she was in high school, Gifford was a singer in a folk group, "Pennsylvania Next Right," which performed frequently at school assemblies. As a senior in high school she dated and went to the prom with Michael Bray. After her graduation in high school, Gifford attended Oral Roberts University in Tulsa, Oklahoma. In Oral Roberts University she studied drama and music. +Gifford's paternal grandfather was of Russian Jewish descent and her paternal grandmother was of Native American ancestry. Her mother was a relative of Rudyard Kipling. She was of French Canadian, English and German descent and was raised in a snake handler family. After seeing the Billy Graham produced film, "The Restless Ones" at age 12, Gifford became a born-again Christian. She told Larry King, "I was raised with many Jewish traditions and raised to be very grateful for my Jewish heritage." Her brother, Rev. David Paul Epstein, is an evangelical Baptist preacher and pastor of Calvary Baptist Church in New York City. +The 1970s. +Gifford represented Maryland in America's Junior Miss Pageant in 1970. +During one summer in the early 1970s, she was a live-in secretary/babysitter for Anita Bryant at her home in Miami. Gifford's career took off in the 1970s (during her first marriage to Christian composer, arranger, producer and publisher Paul Johnson) as a vocalist on the game show "Name That Tune" with Tom Kennedy (she performed the "sing a tune" segment as Kathie Lee Johnson). In 1978, she joined the cast of the short-lived "Hee Haw" spinoff, "Hee Haw Honeys". +"Live with Regis and Kathie Lee". +After she was divorced from Johnson in 1983, Gifford met sports commentator Frank Gifford (born August 16, 1930) during an episode of ABC's "Good Morning America"; they both married in 1986. By that time she was several months into her most famous television role, as a full-time morning talk show personality. On June 24, 1985, she replaced Ann Abernathy as co-host of "The Morning Show" on WABC-TV with Regis Philbin. The program went into national broadcast in 1988 as "Live! with Regis and Kathie Lee", and Gifford became well-known across the country. In the 1990s, millions of morning-TV viewers watched her descriptions of life at home with her husband and their two children. She appeared as a spokesperson for Slim Fast diet shakes after her son, Cody, was born. She also was a celebrity of Carnival Cruises in the late 1980s and early 1990s, singing "If my friends could see me now!" Gifford left Live with Regis and Kathie Lee on 2000 after 15 years to focus on spending time with family and continue her singing career. +1996 sweatshop controversy. +In 1996 the National Labor Committee, a human rights group, reported that sweatshop labor was being used to make clothes for the Kathie Lee line, sold at Walmart. The group reported that a worker in Honduras smuggled a piece of clothing out of the factory, which had a Kathie Lee label on it. One of the workers, Wendy Diaz, came to the United States to testify about the conditions under which she worked. Diaz commented, "I wish I could talk to [Kathie Lee]. If she's good, she will help us." +Labor activist, Charles Kernaghan, spoke on media. He accused Gifford of being responsible for the sweatshop management activity. Gifford addressed Kernaghan's allegations on the air during "Live", explaining that she was not involved with hands-on project management in factories. +Gifford later contacted Federal authorities to investigate the issue and worked with U.S. Federal legislative and executive branch agencies to support and enact laws to protect children against sweat shop conditions. She met with President Bill Clinton at the White House in order to support of the government's initiatives to counter international sweatshop abuses. +"Today". +On March 31, 2008, NBC announced that Gifford was to join its morning show, "Today", as co-host of the fourth hour, alongside Hoda Kotb. This marked her return to morning television; in many markets, she now airs directly after her old show, now called "Live! with Kelly and Michael". Because the fourth hour of "Today" airs live at 10:00am ET, and "Live! with Kelly and Michael" airs live at 9:00am ET, Gifford's hour does not compete directly with her former show in most markets. Kotb and Gifford replaced Ann Curry and Natalie Morales. +She started hosting "Today" on April 7, 2008 with Hoda Kotb. + += = = Prince-elector = = = +Prince-electors () were the group of rulers of German countries which elected the Holy Roman Emperor. In English they were usually called "Electors" and included the Elector of Brandenburg, who also began ruling as King of Prussia, and the Electors of Hanover, who were also kings of Great Britain after 1714. + += = = Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg = = = +In 1692 the Duke of Hanover was made an Elector of the Holy Roman Emperor. After then the Dukes were usually called Electors of Hanover, . +Queen Anne of England and Great Britain had no children, Sophia-Dorothea was chosen as her protestant heir. When Anne died in 1714, Sophia Dorothea's son the Elector of Hanover became King George I of Great Britain. + += = = Mantis shrimp = = = +Mantis shrimps are crustacean stomatopods. +They are not actually shrimps, but members of the order Stomatopoda. There are about 400 species. +They are predators which kill their prey by hitting them at high speed. +They hold their body in a manner like that of a praying mantis, and have large, complex eyes. Some species can be 30 cm long. +They are highly coloured, and live in shallow tropical and subtropical habitats such as coral reefs. +Attack methods. +Each species has one of these two methods of attack +Both types strike by rapidly unfolding and swinging their claws at the prey, and can cause serious damage on victims larger than themselves. +In smashers, these two weapons are employed with blinding quickness, and hit their prey with the speed of a bullet. This is one of the fastest responses known to man. +Smashers use this ability to attack snails, crabs, molluscs and rock oysters; their blunt clubs enabling them to crack the shells of their prey into pieces. Spearers, on the other hand, prefer the meat of softer animals, like fish, which their barbed claws can more easily slice and snag. +Cavitation shock waves. +Because they strike so rapidly, they generate cavitation bubbles between the appendage and the striking surface. The collapse of these bubbles hits their prey in addition to the impact of the appendage against the striking surface. +This means that the prey is hit twice by a single strike; first by the claw and then by the collapsing cavitation bubbles that immediately follow. Even if the initial strike misses the prey, the resulting shock wave can be enough to kill or stun the prey. +Eyesight. +Their eyes are mounted on mobile stalks and constantly move about independently of each other. They are considered to be the most complex eyes in the animal kingdom. +The mantis shrimp has such good eyes it can perceive both polarized light, and colour vision outside the normal visual spectrum. +Some species have at least 16 different photoreceptor types, 12 of them for colour analysis in the different wavelengths (including four which are sensitive to ultraviolet light) and four of them for analysing polarised light. By comparison, humans have only four visual pigments, three dedicated to see colour. +Function of eyesight. +The eyes of mantis shrimp may recognize different types of coral, prey species (which are often transparent or semi-transparent), or predators, such as barracuda, which have shimmering scales. +Also, the manner in which mantis shrimp hunt (very rapid movements of the claws) may require very accurate ranging information, which would require accurate depth perception. +During mating rituals, mantis shrimp actively fluoresce, and the wavelength of this fluorescence matches the wavelengths detected by their eye pigments. +Females are only fertile during certain phases of the tidal cycle; the ability to perceive the phase of the moon may therefore help prevent wasted mating efforts. It may also give mantis shrimp information about the size of the tide, which is important for species living in shallow water near the shore. + += = = List of rulers of Saxony = = = +This article lists Dukes, Electors, and Kings ruling over territories named Saxony from the beginning of the Saxon Duchy in the 9th century to the end of the Saxon Kingdom in 1918. +Dukes of Saxony. +The original Duchy of Saxony was the lands of the Saxon people in the north-western part of present-day Germany, namely, the modern German state of Lower Saxony as well as Westphalia and Western Saxony-Anhalt, not the modern German state of Saxony. +Early dukes +Hattonid dynasty +Welf Dynasty. +When the Welfs left in 1180, the Duchy of Saxony lost a lot of territory. Westphalia fell to the Archbishop of Cologne, while the Duchies of Brunswick and Lüneburg remained with the Welfs. The Ascanian Dukes had their base further east, near the Elbe, so the name Saxony moved towards the east. The post carve-up Saxony is therefore sometimes called the "younger Duchy of Saxony". Also the counting of its dukes its mixed up. While the first post carve-up duke is sometimes called Bernard III - because of two predecessors of the same name before 1180 - or Bernard I with his great-great-great-great grandson Bernard II being counted second. The second post carve-up duke Albert I is already usually counted as the first, although before 1180 he had one predecessor of the same name, his grandfather Albert the Bear. +Ascanian or younger Duchy of Saxony. +The new dukes changed the Saxon horse emblem () and used their Ascanian family colours and emblem (black and gold stripes) () and added a "bendwise crancelin", a crown diagonally across the coat of arms, symbolising the Saxon ducal crown, as new coat-of-arms of Saxony (). The later rulers of the House of Wettin adopted the Ascanian coat-of-arms. +Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg. +Since the Duke of Saxony was considered one of the prince-electors electing a new Holy Roman Emperor, there was an argument between the lines of Lauenburg and Wittenberg about who should cast Saxony's vote. In 1314 both lines found themselves on different sides in a double election. Eventually, the Dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg succeeded in 1356 after the promulgation of the Golden Bull. To distinguish him from other rulers bearing the title Duke of Saxony, he was commonly called "Elector of Saxony". +In 1303 the brothers split their inheritance between them, however, only two brothers had heirs creating the "Bergedorf-Mölln" and the "Ratzeburg-Lauenburg" lines. +Dukes of Saxe-Bergedorf-Mölln. +First named Saxe-Mölln, however, renamed after reorganising territory, including parts of Albert III's share in 1321. +In 1401, the elder branch became extinct and Lauenburg rejoined the Ratzeburg-Lauenburg line. +Dukes of Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg. +First named Saxe-Bergedorf-Lauenburg, however, renamed after reorganising territory, including parts of Albert III's share in 1321. +In 1401, the younger branch inherited Lauenburg and other possessions of the extinct elder Bergedorf-Mölln line. +Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg (1401-1876). +The Ascanian Dynasty continued in Saxe-Lauenburg until 1689, but after the Lauenburg line had finally lost the Saxon Electorate to the Wittenberg line in 1356 and failed to obtain the succession in the Electorate after 1422, recognition of the Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg as Dukes of Saxony waned. +Dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg. +For the predecessor see the section Ascanian or younger Duchy of Saxony above in this article. +Wettin Dukes of Saxony. +Albertine Dukes of Saxony. +The Albertines were a junior branch of the Wettin dynasty of Electors of Saxony (section below), who ruled in Northern Thuringia and Southern Meissen until they replaced the senior "Ernestine" branch as Electors and rulers of most Saxon territory in 1547. +Ernestine Dukes of Saxony. +Following their displacement by the Albertines, the Ernestine branch of the Wettins continued to rule in southern Thuringia as "Dukes of Saxony", but their lands eventually split up into many different tiny "Ernestine duchies". Of these, Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Saxe-Meiningen, and Saxe-Altenburg lasted until 1918. This article does not list the subsequent Ernestine dukes. +Electors of Saxony. +The Golden Bull of 1356 confirmed the right to participate in the election of a Holy Roman Emperor to the Duke of Saxony in the Saxe-Wittenberg line. For the predecessor see the section Ascanian Dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg above in this article. +Kings of Saxony. +The Holy Roman Empire came to an end in 1806. The Elector of Saxony, allied to Napoleon I, anticipated its dissolution by becoming the ruler of an independent Kingdom of Saxony in 1806. +Heads of the Albertine Branch of the House of Wettin (since 1918). +Saxony became a republic at the end of the German Empire in 1918. For later rulers, see List of Ministers-President of Saxony. + += = = Base Ball Bear = = = +Base Ball Bear is a Japanese rock band from Tokyo, Japan. Base Ball Bear has four members in the band; the current band members are Yūsuke Koide, Shiori Sekine and Daisuke Horinouchi. +Career. +The band, originally called “Planet,” was formed by four friends for a one-time performance at a high school culture festival. But they decided to continue playing because of how well they were received at the festival and how much fun they were having. The band was afviced by Toshiba EMI to change their name after sending their demo tapes to record labels and they chose Base Ball Bear which they got from Chocolate's song, Base Ball and Elvis Presley. The band currently has Yūsuke Koide on Vocals and guitar, Shiori Sekine on bass guitar and backing vocals and Daisuke Horinouchi on drums and chorus. Shōhei Yuasa, who used to play the guitar along with them, left the band on March 2nd, 2016. + += = = Pontiac Bonneville = = = +The Pontiac Bonneville was an American automobile. It was introduced in 1957 and discontinued in 2005 model year. The Bonneville was available as a convertible, sedan or coupe. This car was distributed through the Pontiac division of General Motors. + += = = Pontiac Grand Prix = = = +The Pontiac Grand Prix was an American-made car. It was first introduced around 1962. The car was sold through the Pontiac division of General Motors. They stopped selling the car in 2008. + += = = Aeronwy Thomas = = = +Aeronwy Bryn Thomas-Ellis (3 March 1943 – 27 July 2009) +was the second child of the Welsh poet Dylan Thomas. +Born in London, where her parents lived at the time, she was named for the River Aeron. In 1949, the family moved to the Boat House, Laugharne, Carmarthenshire, Wales. +After her father's death in 1953, she and her mother went to Rome, later moving to Sicily. +She learnt Italian and became a translator of Italian poetry. She was also known as an ambassador for her father's work, and as a patron of the Dylan Thomas Society. +Visiting professor in schools and universities in the U.K. and abroad, in the late ‘90s she was very popular with the students of Giuseppe Perotti School in Torino, Italy, for her "creative writing" courses. +In 2007 she became President of IMMAGINE&POESIA (Image and Poetry), the international artistic literary movement founded at Teatro Alfa, Torino, Italy. +Aeronwy Thomas died in 2009 in New Malden London, aged 66. + += = = Droseraceae = = = +Droseraceae is a family of flowering plants. The family is also known under its common name, the sundew family. +It consists of carnivorous plants: besides the sundews, the genus "Drosera", it also contains the even more famous Venus flytrap ("Dionaea muscipula"). The sundews produce sticky substances on their leaves that traps prey, and the Venus fly trap has leaves that form traps that close when disturbed. + += = = Amaranthaceae = = = +Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants are the Amaranth family, contains about 160 genera and 2,400 species. Most of these species are herbs or subshrubs; very few are trees or climbers. +This is a widespread and cosmopolitan family found mostly in subtropical and tropical regions, although many species belong in cool temperate regions. + += = = Art Fleming = = = +Arthur Fleming Fazzin (May 1, 1924-April 25, 1995) was an American television host. He is best known as the original host of the game show "Jeopardy!" from 1964 until 1975 and again from 1978 to 1979. +Biography. +He was born in New York City to William and Marie Fazzin, who had emigrated to the United States from Austria. Art studied at Colgate and Cornell Universities, and he later served in the United States Navy during World War II. +Fleming first appeared on television as a body double for Ralph Bellamy in a detective series called "Man Against Crime". He later starred in movies like "The Flying Tigers" and "International Detective". He also played a lawyer named Jeremy Pitt in an NBC series called "The Californians". It was set during the gold rush in San Francisco in the 1850s. He also appeared in television commercials before becoming the first host of the game show "Jeopardy!" on March 30, 1964. Fleming hosted "Jeopardy!" until 1975. He won two Emmy Awards for that program. +Fleming died after a two week battle with pancreatic cancer on April 25, 1995, just six days before turning 71. The same disease would later affect his successor on "Jeopardy!", Alex Trebek, 25 years later when he died on November 8, 2020 at the age of 80. + += = = David Herman = = = +David Herman is an American actor, comedian and voice actor best known as an original cast member of "MADtv" and for his role as Michael Bolton in "Office Space". He is also known for his voice roles on television programs such as "Futurama", and "King of the Hill". +Biography. +David Herman was born in New York City and raised in Washington Heights. He graduated from the Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts in 1987, then attended the acting program at SUNY Purchase. Herman appeared in the films "Born on the Fourth of July", "Lost Angels" and "Let It Be Me", but he is probably best known for his role as Michael Bolton in Mike Judge's "Office Space". Earlier, Herman had joined the cast of John Leguizamo's "House of Buggin in 1994; however, that show was short-lived. When FOX decided to mount a sketch comedy show to replace "House of Buggin, Herman was kept on as an original "MADtv" cast member. + += = = Dimples = = = +Dimples are genetically inherited indentations of the skin. They are caused by the flesh underneath the skin, that forms on some people's cheeks, especially when they smile. Some people may only have one dimple on only one side of the face. + += = = Ford Aerostar = = = +The Ford Aerostar was the first minivan manufactured by Ford. The vehicle was introduced in 1985 as a 1986 model. The Aerostar was discontinued after 1997 and replaced by the Windstar, which was sold alongside since 1995. although Aerostar's role went unfilled until the 2010 introduction of the Ford Transit Connect van. + += = = Acinetobacter baumannii = = = +"Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii)" is a pathogenic bacterial species that causes disease in humans. It is commonly found in soil and water. "A. baumannii" is the most important member of the Acinetobacter genus associated with infections gained in hospitals. A."Baumannii is resistant" to a specific class of antibiotic called carbapenems. Carbapenems-resistant "Acinetobacter" infection is common in hospitals and is very dangerous. In 2017, it resulted in an estimated 8,500 infections in hospital patients and 700 deaths in the United States. The World Health Organisation (WHO) released a list of top bacteria pathogens of concern, called ESKAPE pathogens, due to their high levels of antibiotic resistance. "A. baumannii" was named as one of the most dangerous ESKAPE pathogens. In order to treat "A. baumannii" effectively, it is important to understand how it acts as pathogen and its mechanism of antibiotic resistance. +Biology. +"A. baumannii" are short and rod-shaped. They average between 1.0 and 1.5 micrometers in length. They do not all look the same and can vary in size and shape. "Acinetobacter" do not have a flagella, a tail-like structure used by many bacteria to move around. They are immobile but sometimes twitch and swarm to move around. +Habitat. +The first "Acinetobacter" was found in the soil by M.W. Beijerink in 1911. Since then, it has also been found in water, animals, and humans. "A. baumannii" are often found in hospitals and makeup almost 15% of infections that are transmitted in hospitals. "A. baumannii" target moist environments. The respiratory tract, blood, open wounds, skin, and eyes are all possible sites of infection. +Hospital infections. +"A. baumannii" can cause many different diseases with different symptoms. Types of infection include pneumonia, bloodstream infections, meningitis, skin and bone infections and urinary tract infections. The most common infections are pneumonia and bloodstream infections. Factors that increase the risk of infection include a weak immune system, long hospital stays, hospital ventilators, and having an open wound. +It can be difficult to tell the difference between symptoms of "A. baumannii" infection and symptoms of other hospital infections. Symptoms include fever, rash, confusion, urinating pain, nausea, muscle and chest pains, breathing difficulties, and coughing. +"A. baumannii" is spread through contact with contaminated surfaces, objects, and skin of contaminated patients. It can survive on surfaces for a long time before infecting new patients making it an effective pathogen. +Treatment. +Carbapenems are a type of antibiotics that have been used to treat "Acinetobacter baumannii" infections. These antibiotics are effective in treating infection. However, "A. baumannii" can develop tolerance to this antibiotic. This tolerance makes it harder to treat infections. Carbapenems-resistant "A. baumannii" can spread their tolerance to other types of bacteria. This is dangerous in healthcare settings because if many bacteria are tolerant to carbapenems, the antibiotic cannot be used to treat infections anymore. "A. baumannii" can be tolerant to multiple antibiotics making infections difficult to treat. +Polymyxins are another antibiotic used to treat "A. baumannii" infection. These are effective against infection but polymyxins can be toxic to the kidneys. +Combination therapies can also be used to treat "A. baumannii" which is tolerant to many different types of antibiotics. This means treating the infection with a combination of different drugs at the same time. Different combinations are still being tested against "A. baumannii" infections. +Prevention of infection. +Preventing and controlling outbreaks of "A. baumannii" is very important. Preventing infections will reduce the number of infections in hospitals and help stop the spread of antibiotic resistance. +"A. baumannii" can be controlled with strict infection control measures such as educating hospital staff about the dangers of spreading hospital infections, proper hand washing, cleaning of hospitals and actively testing surfaces for the presence of "A. baumannii""." These measures have been shown to reduce the spread of "A. baumannii" and reduce tolerance to antibiotics. However, all measures must be followed strictly to control infection. + += = = Strict weak ordering = = = +Strict weak ordering is a binary relation on a set. Such relations define a strict ordering, but they contain several elements of the same type. An example might be the relation "costs less than", or "is cheaper than". For any two elements that are "of different types", the relation holds. On the other hand, there are some elements that cannot be ordered that way, because they are of the same type. An example for such a relation may be the relation, "costs less than": milk may "cost less than" bread, and bread may cost less than cake. Two items of different types may cost less than another, but they can otherwise have the same price. +Two different algorithms that sort words by the number of letters in the word may not give the same ordering of the words with the same number of letters, but they will always give an ordering where the four-letter words come before the five-letter-words, and after the three-letter-words. +Time will give a strict weak ordering too; Events that are equivalent in the timeframe happen at the same time. + += = = Colour vision = = = +Color vision is the capacity of an organism to distinguish objects based on the wavelengths (or frequencies) of the light they reflect, emit, or transmit. +Color is a quality made by the visual brain and so it is "not" a property of objects, despite what children are taught. +The wavelength reflected from an object is the objective fact: it does not depend upon perception. A 'red' apple does not emit red light. Rather, it simply absorbs all the frequencies of visible light shining on it except for a group of frequencies that are reflected. It is these frequencies which are seen or "perceived" as red. +Mechanism. + The visible light spectrum ranges from about 380 to 740 nanometers. Colors of the spectrum such as red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, and violet are in this range. These spectral colors do not refer to a single wavelength, but rather to a set of wavelengths: red, 625–740 nm; orange, 590–625 nm; yellow, 565–590 nm; green, 500–565 nm; cyan, 485–500 nm; blue, 450–485 nm; violet, 380–450 nm. +The nervous system derives color by comparing the responses to light from the several types of cone photoreceptors in the eye. These cone photoreceptors are sensitive to different portions of the visible spectrum. +For humans, the visible spectrum ranges approximately from 380 to 740 nm, and there are normally three types of cones. The visible range and number of cone types differ between species. +With color, vision gets better (more information) about the things the eye sees. This lets the eye see when fruit or vegetables are ripe, and can see animals hiding from plain sight. The advantage of color vision is mainly in the daytime. At night the main problem is to collect enough light to see in the weak light. This is something rods do better than cones. +Types of color vision. +Color vision is not an all-or-none state. Many groups of animals can distinguish color, but in different ways. In mammals, for instance, some groups have no color vision, and some are dichromats. The dichromats have two kinds of cones, and cannot see ultraviolet, red and orange light. +It is thought that the mammals which survived though the Jurassic period were small nocturnal or burrowing animals with little need to see color. Later, after the extinction of the dinosaurs, many lines adapted to be more active in the daytime. Most developed a form of color vision, which is much more useful in the daytime. Primates developed full (trichromacy) color vision. For them, the ability to distinguish the color of fruit from leaves always was essential. +Many insects have color vision in the ultraviolet range, which humans do not. That is why honey guides on flowers are so noticeable in ultraviolet light photographs. + += = = Compound eye = = = +Compound eyes consist of many photoreceptor units or ommatidia. Each 'ommatidium' (singular) is an individual 'eye unit'. +The image perceived is a combination of inputs from ommatidia on a convex surface. Thus they point in slightly different directions. +Compared with simple eyes, compound eyes possess a wide-angle view. They can detect fast movement and, in some cases, the polarization of light. +The general picture. +Eyes with resolving power have come in ten fundamentally different forms, and 96% of animal species possess a complex optical system. Image-resolving eyes are present in molluscs, chordates and arthropods. +Almost all insects and arachnids use both simple and compound eyes. +Types of compound eye. +Compound eyes fall into two groups: apposition eyes, which form multiple inverted images, and superposition eyes, which form a single erect image. Compound eyes are common in arthropods, and are also present in annelids and some bivalved molluscs. +Compound eyes, in arthropods at least, grow at their margins by the addition of new ommatidia. +Good fliers. +Good fliers like flies or honey bees, or prey-catching insects like praying mantis or dragonflies, have specialized zones of ommatidia organized into a foveal area which gives acute vision. In the acute zone the eyes are flattened and the facets larger. The flattening allows more ommatidia to receive light from a spot and therefore higher resolution. +Other types. +Another version is the pseudofaceted eye, as seen in Scutigera. This type of eye consists of a cluster of numerous ocelli on each side of the head, organized in a way that resembles a true compound eye. +The body of "Ophiocoma wendtii", a type of brittle star, is covered with ommatidia, turning its whole skin into a compound eye. The same is true of many chitons. + += = = Miyazaki Prefecture = = = + is a prefecture in the Kyūshū region of Japan on the island of Kyushu. The capital city is Miyazaki. +History. +After the Meiji Restoration, the area of Hyūga Province was renamed Miyazaki Prefecture. +Miyazaki is famous for various foods such as meat and fruit. +Geography. +Miyazaki Prefecture is on the eastern coast of the island of Kyūshū. The southeast coastline faces the Pacific Ocean. Ōita Prefecture is north of Miyazaki. Kumamoto and Kagoshima Prefectures are to the west. +National parks. +National parks are established in about 12% of the total land area of the prefecture. +Plants. +Miyazaki is one of only two locations on Earth where the fungus "Chorioactis geaster" lives. +Shrines and temples. +"Tsuno jinja" is the main Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") in the prefecture. + += = = Thundersnow = = = +Thundersnow, also known as a winter thunderstorm, a snow thunderstorm or a thundersnowstorm, is a thunderstorm with snow instead of rain. This rare kind of weather is less rare around the Midwestern United States, the Great Lakes and Rocky Mountains, the Sea of Japan, and Mount Everest. Thundersnow mostly happens in March. +How it is made. +Thunder can be heard many miles away, but thundersnow thunder can only be heard a few miles away. The snow stops sounds of thunder more than rain does. + += = = Alachua County, Florida = = = +Alachua County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida, and was formed on February 29, 1824. As of 2020, the population is 278,468. Alachua County's seat is Gainesville. + += = = Opsin = = = +Opsins are the universal photoreceptor molecules of all visual systems in the animal kingdom. +They change from a resting state to a signalling state by absorbing light. This activates the G protein, resulting in a signalling cascade which produces physiological responses. +This process of capturing a photon and transforming it into a physiological response is known as phototransduction. +Five groups of opsins are involved in vision. Another opsin found in the mammalian retina, melanopsin, is involved in circadian rhythms and pupillary reflex, but not in image-forming. +Each opsin allows vision in just a short stretch of wavelength. This is equivalent to seeing in only one color. Two opsins allow vision in two colors, and is usual in mammals. Four opsins allows vision in full color, and is usual in teleost fish, reptiles and birds. In mammals, only Old World monkeys, apes and humans have trichromacy, called full color vision. +It is thought – see evolution of color vision – that mammals lost much of their color vision capability during the long period in the Mesozoic when they lived as mostly nocturnal animals. + += = = Sinoceratops = = = +Sinoceratops was a very large ceratopsian dinosaur. Its name means 'horned face from China'. The dinosaur used to live in what is now China during the Upper Cretaceous. The head of a full-grown "Sinoceratops" was probably about long. +It was the first ceratopsid dinosaur found in China. All other centrosaurines are from fossils found in North America. Sinoceratops is one of the largest known centrosaurines. It is much larger than any other known basal member of the group. +"Sinoceratops" was a ceratopsian ornithischian, with an estimated length of about , weight of , and height of about . +"Sinoceratops" is a member of the short-frilled ceratopsids, the Centrosaurinae. The holotype specimen is of a partial skull with most of the skull roof and partial braincase. The skull of "Sinoceratops" was about long. It is one of the largest known centrosaur skulls. + += = = Crash Bandicoot = = = +Crash Bandicoot may refer to: + += = = Crash Team Racing = = = +Crash Team Racing is a racing video game developed by Naughty Dog and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation. The game was released in North America on September 30, 1999. It was released in Europe and Australia later the same year. It was released again for the Greatest Hits chain in 2000. +"Crash Team Racing" is the fourth game in the "Crash Bandicoot" series. It is the first "Crash Bandicoot" racing game and the last to be developed by Naughty Dog. The characters of the "Crash Bandicoot" series, must race against the evil Nitros Oxide and save their planet from destruction. In the game, players can take control of one of fifteen "Crash Bandicoot" series characters. Although only eight are available at first. During the races, speed power-ups and other objects to use for safety, can be used to help the player win the game. +The game received very good reviews from video game critics. They liked its gameplay and graphics. However, the audio had a mixed review. In 2003, "Crash Nitro Kart", was released for the PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, Xbox, Game Boy Advance and N-Gage game consoles. It is not a sequel to "Crash Team Racing". With 2.2 million copies sold, "Crash Team Racing" remains one of the most popular PlayStation and best-selling video games as of 2012. +Gameplay. +"Crash Team Racing" is a racing game in which the player controls characters from the "Crash Bandicoot" universe. The characters compete in karts. While racing, the player can accelerate, steer, reverse, brake, hop or use weapons and power-ups with the game controller's analog stick and buttons. There are two different crates that are scattered throughout the tracks and arenas of "Crash Team Racing". Crates with question marks (?) on them have power-ups and weapons. Players must drive through and break the crate. When a player collects a weapon or power-up, it will appear in a box at the top of the screen. Once the player has this, they can destroy other racers with the weapon. The power-ups can help the player's performance. "Fruit Crates" carry "Wumpa Fruit" that increase the speed of the player's kart. This strengthens the player's weapons and power-ups if ten of them are collected. +The power slide can be done by holding down one of the shoulder buttons to perform a hop, and steering before the kart lands. While sliding, the "Turbo Boost Meter" on the lower-right corner of the screen fills up and goes from green to red. To get a speed boost, the player quickly presses the opposite shoulder button while the Turbo Boost Meter is red. The player can get three speed boosts in a row during a power slide. The third speed boost is more powerful. If the player waits too long into the power slide for a boost, the kart will spin around. +Plot. +Characters. +Fifteen characters are playable in "Crash Team Racing". However, only eight of them are playable from the start. Crash Bandicoot, the protagonist of the series, is a playable character. Doctor Neo Cortex, Crash's enemy, is a mad scientist. He wants to stop Nitros Oxide so that he may take over the world himself. Coco Bandicoot, Crash's younger sister, is a computer genius. Doctor N. Gin is a rocket scientist. He is Cortex follower and serves his master. Pura and Polar's karts have low speed but better handling. This allows them to get around tight corners. Tiny Tiger and Dingodile's karts are built for top speed. +The main antagonist of the story, Nitros Oxide, believes he is the fastest racer in the galaxy. He warns everyone about his plan to turn planet Earth into a concrete parking lot. There are four bosses: Ripper Roo, Papu Papu, Komodo Joe and Pinstripe Potoroo. The four bosses, along with a mistake clone of Crash Bandicoot named Fake Crash, become playable characters if the Adventure Mode is fully completed. +The player's tutors in the game are the twin witch doctor masks Aku Aku and Uka Uka. They give hints that help the player develop their racing skills. They become power-ups during the races. They temporarily protect the player from all attacks. However, their power does not protect the player from chasms or deep water. +Story. +The inhabitants of Earth are visited by an extraterrestrial named Nitros Oxide. He claims to be the fastest racer in the galaxy. He challenges Earth to a game called "Survival of the Fastest". If Earth's driver wins, he promises to leave Earth alone. However, if Oxide wins, he will turn Earth into a concrete parking lot and enslave the Earthlings. In response, the player character gathers all four Boss Keys needed to enter Oxide's spaceship and races him in a one-on-one match. Upon Oxide's defeat by the player character, he leaves Earth. He promises that he will return when all of the Time Relics have been gathered. Oxide faces the player again after all the Time Relics are gathered. After losing once more, Oxide keeps his word and leaves Earth forever. The end credits explains what the characters of the game did after the events of the story. Nitros Oxide himself returns to his home planet of Gasmoxia and hides from society. After years of therapy to cope with his loss, he tries to do unicycle-racing. However, he gets into a bad accident. +How the game was created. +Naughty Dog began production on "Crash Team Racing" after the completion of ' (1997). The game engine for "Crash Team Racing" was created at the same time ' (1998) was produced. The characters of the game were designed by Charles Zembillas and Joe Pearson. They had designed the characters of the last three games of the "Crash Bandicoot" series. Nitros Oxide was originally a mad scientist who enjoys speed. Oxide plotted to speed up the entire world until the end of time. However, Zembillias and Pearson wanted the character to be an extraterrestrial. Because they said there were already human, animal and machine bosses in the past. +David Baggett produced the game's soundtrack, with Mark Mothersbaugh and Josh Mancell of Mutato Muzika composing the music. Sound effects were created by Mike Gollum, Ron Horwitz and Kevin Spears of Universal Sound Studios. The voices of Doctor Neo Cortex and Uka Uka were provided by Clancy Brown. The voices of Doctor N. Gin, Tiny Tiger and Pinstripe Potoroo were provided by voice actor Brendan O'Brien. Additional voices were provided by David A. Pizzuto, Mel Winkler, Michael Ensign, Hynden Walch, Billy Pope, Mike Gollom, Michael Connor and Chip Chinery. +Reviews. +"Crash Team Racing" was given favorable reviews from critics. "Official PlayStation Magazine" described "Crash Team Racing" as "the game that made kart racing cool". "Electronic Gaming Monthly" believed that the game was "inspired [a lot] by "Mario Kart", but still an amazing multiplayer racer." Doug Perry of IGN said that the game was "rock solid" in its gameplay and graphics, but Perry did not like Crash's smile because it made him look evil. Jeff Gerstmann of GameSpot called the game "a great Mario Kart clone", and that it succeeded where similar games like "Mega Man Battle & Chase", "Bomberman Fantasy Race", "Diddy Kong Racing", "Chocobo Racing" and "Mario Kart" had failed. +Critics gave a mixed review of the game's audio. The D-Pad Destroyer of GamePro said that the "whimsical" (no sound; which makes it very annoying) background music is "quite enjoyable" and the character sound bites are "varied enough to avoid becoming annoying." Doug Perry of IGN said that the voice acting is "nothing really that cute, clever or memorable" in the game, and believed that Crash's voice in the game is very similar to that of Luigi from the "Mario Kart" series. Jeff Gertsmann of GameSpot wrote that while the music and sound effects "push the game's cartoon theme," the themes were not too "over the top". Joe Ottoson of Allgame believed that the characters "are all quite vocal", and the music "sets off the whimsical mood nicely". +There have been over 2.2 million copies sold of "Crash Team Racing". There were 1.71 million copies sold in Europe, 2.64 million copies sold in the United States, and under 500,000 copies sold in Japan. As a result of its success, the game was re-released for the Sony Greatest Hits chain in 2000 and for the Platinum Range on January 12, 2001. "Crash Nitro Kart" was released in 2003 for the PlayStation 2, Xbox, Nintendo GameCube, Game Boy Advance and N-Gage. It is not a sequel to "Crash Team Racing" and was the first game in the "Crash Bandicoot" series to feature a full motion video. + += = = Crash Bash = = = +Crash Bash (or Crash Bandicoot Carnival in Japan) is the fifth video game for the "Crash Bandicoot" series. In this game, a variety of mini-games are available for the player to play. The warp rooms were brought back here. + += = = Bowery = = = +Bowery, (commonly called The Bowery) is the name of a street and a small neighborhood in the southern Manhattan. The name comes from the Dutch "bouwerij", which is an old word for "farm." The neighborhood is surrounded by the East Village to the north, Canal Street and Chinatown to the South, Allen Street and the Lower East Side to the east and Little Italy to the west. The area was home to many Irish immigrants in the early 19th century after the Great Irish Famine. + += = = Five Points, Manhattan = = = +Five Points (or The Five Points) was a slum (poor neighborhood) named after the five-cornered intersection of Anthony (now Worth St.), Cross (now Mosco), and Orange (now Baxter) in Manhattan it was located on. However, over time, the intersection sometimes had four or six corners. Five Points was the home to a lot of Irish and Italian immigrants, and to the 18th century Five Points Gang. + += = = Amber Heard = = = +Amber Laura Heard (born April 22, 1986 in Austin, Texas) is an American actress. +Background. +She made her movie debut in the 2004 sports movie Friday Night Lights. She had a recurring role on the television show, Hidden Palms as Greta Matthews. Heard came out at GLAAD's 25th anniversary event. From 2008 to 2011, she was in a relationship with photographer Tasya van Ree. She began a relationship with Johnny Depp in 2012. The couple became engaged in December 2013. They married in February 2015. In May 2016, she filed for divorce. +The divorce gained a lot of media attention when Heard filed for a temporary restraining order against Depp claiming domestic abuse. In response, Depp claimed that Heard was the one that had abused him before he went on, in 2018, to unsuccessfully sue the publishers of the British tabloid "The Sun" for defamation in England for calling him a wifebeater. +In 2019, Depp sued Heard for defamation in the United States after she wrote an op-ed in December 2018 in which she said, among other things, that she "became a public figure representing domestic abuse." The trial began in Virginia on April 11, 2022 with a verdict being reached on June 1, 2022. The verdict found Heard liable for defaming Depp on three counts and Depp liable for defaming Heard on one count. +A year after losing the legal battle against Depp, Heard reportedly quit Hollywood and moved to Madrid with her daughter, Oonagh Paige. +Entry into Film and Television. +Amber Heard's journey into the world of film and television began with rapid success. In 2004, she secured roles on television shows like "Jack & Bobby" and "The Mountain," followed by "The OC" in 2005. Her transition to the silver screen occurred with a supporting role in the sports drama "Friday Night Lights" in 2004, marking a significant turning point in her career. +However, her breakthrough came the following year when she appeared in the critically acclaimed film "North Country." Though her role was relatively small, she made a noticeable impact by portraying a younger version of Charlize Theron's character, Josey. +From this juncture, it became clear that Heard was destined for greater accomplishments. She took on diverse roles in films such as "Alpha Dog," "Price To Pay," and "All The Boys Love Mandy Lane," demonstrating her versatility as an actress. Notably, her leading role in "All The Boys Love Mandy Lane" garnered praise and identified her as a rising star when it premiered at the Toronto Film Festival. +As of 2024, Amber Heard Net Worth is Projected $1 million, which is a significant decrease from her prior net worth of $11 million. + += = = Magnoliids = = = +Magnoliids (or Magnoliidae or Magnolianae) are a group of flowering plants. They are descendants of the earliest flowering plants: they keep some features which look like those of conifers. +The group include magnolias, nutmeg, bay laurel, cinnamon, avocado, black pepper, tulip tree ("Lyriodendron") and many others. They have three-part flowers, pollen with one pore, and usually branching-veined leaves. +The magnoliids are today more than 10,000 species of flowering plants. They are successful despite being "primitive" in structure. +The group has many food crops (such as avocados) and many with psychotropic effects. The famous Polynesian drink kava is prepared from a magnoliad, and nutmeg fruits are a source of the hallucinogen myristicin. Psychotropic effects are usually a defence against herbivory. + += = = Commelinids = = = +The name commelinids is a plant taxonomy plural, not capitalised. It is used by the APG II system for a clade in the monocots. They have cell walls which contain ferulic acid. +It forms one of three groups in the monocots. The other two groups are the alismatid monocots and the lilioid monocots. + += = = Ford Thunderbird = = = +The Ford Thunderbird is an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company starting in 1955. The Thunderbird was also known as the T-Bird. The car was often used in NASCAR races. +John Denver recorded a song in 1986 called "Along for the Ride", about the 1956 Thunderbird. The words and music were by Danny O'Keefe and Bill Braun. The Beach Boys had a big hit with the song "Fun Fun Fun" which also was about the Thunderbird. + += = = Chevrolet Camaro = = = +The Chevrolet Camaro is a car manufactured by Chevrolet. The Camaro was first sold in 1967. It was designed to compete with Ford Mustang, which was a very successful car. The Camaro was discontinued in 2002, but returned again in 2010 as a completely new car. The current generation Camaro's body shell comes from GM Korea formerly known as GM Daewoo. +History. +The Chevrolet Camaro was made to compete with the Ford Mustang. It would eventually become one of the most popular pony cars. +The first-generation Camaro was made from 1967 to 1969. It was designed as a sporty pony car. The first-generation Camaro came with many different engines. There were some inline-6s and some V8s. It was available as a coupé or a convertible. The design inspired the fifth-generation Camaro's design. +The second-generation Camaro was made from 1970 to 1981. +The third-generation Camaro was made from 1982 to 1992. +The fourth-generation Camaro was made from 1993 to 2002. +The fifth-generation Camaro was made from 2010 to 2015. +The sixth and last generation Camaro was made from 2016 to 2024. +The Camaro was discontinued in January 2024. + += = = International Species Information System = = = +The International Species Information System (ISIS) is an international non-profit organization that helps zoos and aquariums around the world. ISIS gives its members software to collect and share information about animals. The ISIS database has information on 2.4 million animals of 10,000 species. ISIS members use basic information (age, sex, parents, place of birth, reports of deaths, etc.) collected in the ISIS system to care for and manage their animals. + += = = National Wildlife Federation = = = +The National Wildlife Federation (NWF) is the United States' largest private, nonprofit conservation education and advocacy organization. It has over four million members and supporters. +NWF seeks to educate people of all ages by publishing a variety of wildlife magazines, including "Wild Animal Baby", "Your Big Backyard", "Ranger Rick", and "National Wildlife Magazine", and by the "Backyard Habitat" series on Discovery's Animal Planet along with IMAX films, such as Coral Reef Adventure, India: Kingdom of the Tiger, Bears, Wolves, and Dolphins. It has an online field guide of plants and animals called Enature.com. Also, the NWF offers hands-on training and support for habitat restoration through its Backyard Wildlife Habitat and Schoolyard Habitat programs. +Some of NWF's goals include: solutions to global warming; reducing mercury pollution; strengthening the Endangered Species Act; fighting invasive species; saving the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge from oil drilling; restoring America's waterways; reforming the Army Corps of Engineers; and educating future environmental stewards. +NWF's headquarters is in Reston, Virginia. +Board members. +The following individuals make up NWF's top executive staff: +Volunteer programs. +The NWF runs a large network of volunteer programs that reaches over 10 million people. +Some of the current programs include: +Regional offices. +Apart from its headquarters, the NWF runs ten regional offices across the United States. + += = = Gums = = = +The gums are the mucosal tissue that lies over the mandible and maxilla. They are also called gingiva. They surround the teeth and provide a seal around them. +About of healthy gums. +Color. +Healthy gums are usually "coral pink." Other colors like red, white, and blue can mean there is a problem. Red gums mean that the patient has gingivitis, or the inflammation of the gum. +Shape. +Healthy gums fill and fit each space between teeth. +Texture. +Healthy gums are firm and do not move very much. +Reaction to disturbance. +Healthy gums usually have no reaction to normal disturbance such as brushing. + += = = Jacobson's organ = = = +The Jacobson's organ, is part of the body that helps an animal smell things. It is found in many animals. It was discovered by Frederik Ruysch and later by Ludwig Jacobson in 1813. It is also called the vomeronasal organ or VNO. +This body part is mainly used to detect pheromones, chemicals that carry information between individuals of the same species. So, sometimes it is called the "sixth sense." + += = = Los Angeles Zoo = = = +The Los Angeles Zoo, founded in 1966, is a zoo in Los Angeles, California. The City of Los Angeles owns the entire zoo, its land and buildings, and the animals. Animal care, grounds maintenance, construction, education, public information, and administrative staff are city employees. +History and overview. +The zoo, located in Los Angeles' Griffith Park, is home to 1,100 animals from around the world. The first zoo opened in 1912 and was about two miles (3.2 km) north of its current site until about 1965. +In the 1971 20th Century Fox film "Escape from the Planet of the Apes", the characters Zira and Cornelius are briefly kept at the Los Angeles Zoo. +The zoo is open from 10am–5pm every day of the year except December 25. +Botanical Gardens. +In 2002, the zoo became a certified Botanical Gardens and the official name of the institution was changed to the Los Angeles Zoo and Botanical Gardens. There are 15 different collections around the zoo. They show over 800 different plant species, with a total of over 7,400 individual plants. +Gottlieb Animal Health and Conservation Center. +The Gottlieb Animal Health and Conservation Center is in a restricted area of the zoo. Among other features, it includes a state-of-the-art intensive care unit, an on-site commissary, a surgical suite with observation area, and research facilities. In 2007 the facility handled 853 medical cases. The smallest patient treated was a spider tortoise (0.08 kg) and the largest was an Asian elephant (4,826 kg). It is named after Robert and Suzanne Gottlieb. + += = = Phil Bronstein = = = +Phil Bronstein (born October 4, 1950) was the executive vice president and editor of the "San Francisco Chronicle". +Career. +Bronstein's career began as a reporter with KQED-TV in San Francisco. He later moved to the "San Francisco Examiner". At the "Examiner", Bronstein specialized in investigations and was a foreign correspondent for eight years. He has won awards for his writing about the Philippines from the Overseas Press Club, Associated Press, the World Affairs Council and Media Alliance. He was named executive editor of the "Examiner" in 1991, having previously served as managing editor for news. Under his service, the "Examiner" circulation declined rapidly, which Bronstein blamed on the afternoon delivery of the paper. +Bronstein was named executive vice president and editor of the "San Francisco Chronicle" in March 2003. He had been senior vice president and executive editor of the paper when Hearst Corp. bought The Chronicle. +The newspaper had been selling fewer newspapers each year. In late March 2007, Bronstein called an emergency staff meeting and reportedly stated that the news business "is broken, and no one knows how to fix it." This meeting happened after several weeks of articles focused on the influence of the Internet and the blogosphere made front page headlines in the "Chronicle". +On January 23, 2008, Bronstein announced that he was leaving his job as editor of the Chronicle. He became editor-at-large with Hearst Newspapers. +Personal life. +He was married to actress Sharon Stone from February 1998 until January 2004. They adopted a son named Roan. Bronstein married again later. He lives in Mill Valley, CA with his wife and three kids. +In June 2001, he was seriously injured by a Komodo dragon. He entered its cage at the Los Angeles Zoo after being invited in by the dragon's keeper. Bronstein was bitten on his bare foot. He did not wear shoes because the zoo worker had told him to take them off. The shoes were white could have excited the dragon. + += = = Danny DeVito = = = +Daniel Michael "Danny" DeVito, Jr. (born November 17, 1944) is an American actor, comedian and filmmaker. He has starred in and directed a number of movies. DeVito is of Italian descent. He was born in Neptune Township, New Jersey and grew up in Asbury Park, New Jersey. + += = = Predation = = = +In ecology, predation describes a relationship and actions between two creatures. A predator catches, attacks, and eats its prey. Predators may or may not kill their prey before eating them. But the act of predation always causes the death of its prey and taking in the prey's body parts into the predators body. A true predator can be thought of as one which both kills and eats another animal, but many animals act as both predator and scavenger. +A predator is an animal that hunts, catches, and eats other animals. For example, a spider eating a fly caught at its web is a predator, or a pack of lions eating a buffalo. The animals that the predator hunts are called prey. Predators mostly do not eat other predators. It has also been suggested that they know it may transmit disease. A "top predator" or "apex predator" is one that is not the prey of other predators. +Predators are usually carnivores (meat-eaters) or omnivores (eats plants and other animals). Predators will hunt other animals for food. Examples of predators are hawks, eagles, falcons, cats, crocodiles, snakes, raptors, wolves, killer whales, lobsters, lions, and sharks. +Ambush predator. +Ambush predators or sit-and-wait predators are carnivorous animals or other organisms, such as some carnivorous plants. They capture or trap prey by stealth or strategy (not conscious strategy), rather than just by speed or strength. +These organisms usually hide quiet and wait for prey to come within striking distance. They often are camouflaged, and may be solitary. This may be safer for the predator, because lying in wait exposes it less to its own predators. +When a predator cannot move faster than its preferred prey, ambushing its prey is likely to be more efficient than pursuit. A predator that can move at high speed for a long time can be a pursuit predator, chasing until its prey tires and slows. There are however many intermediate strategies; for example when a pursuit predator is faster than its prey over a short distance, but not in a long chase, then either stalking or ambushing becomes part of the strategy. + += = = Pink (singer) = = = +Alecia Moore (born September 8, 1979), is an American singer and actress. She originally performed R&B music. As of 2012, Alecia Moore sold over 40 million records as well as 70 million singles worldwide. She has won 3 Grammys and 1 Brit Award. +Early life. +Alecia Beth Moore was born in Abington, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, and raised in Doylestown, Pennsylvania, in Bucks County. Alecia Moore's parents divorced when she was three years old. Alecia Moore was a member of the girl group Choice. +Personal life. +In 2006, Alecia Moore married motocross racer Carey Hart in Costa Rica, after proposing to him at the X Games in Philadelphia, near her childhood hometown of Doylestown. On June 2, 2011, Carey Hart and Alecia Moore had a daughter named Willow Sage Hart. Willow is the first child for both Alecia Moore and Carey Hart. Alecia Moore and Carey Hart then had a son, Jameson Moon Hart, on December 26, 2016. + += = = Jeopardy! theme music = = = +Since the show started in 1964, there were various songs and arrangements that were used as the show's main theme. Most of these were composed by Merv Griffin. The best known theme song is "Think!". It has served as the countdown music for the Final Jeopardy! round since 1964. +Between 1964 and 1975, a jazz tune called "Take Ten", composed by Julian Griffin, served as the main theme. When the series was revived in 1978, "January, February, March" served as the opening theme, and "Frisco Disco" served as the closing theme, both of which were composed by Merv Griffin himself. "January, February, March" was also used in the first pilot of the syndicated version. +Beginning with the Alex Trebek hosted syndicated version in September 1984, a rendition of "Think!" served as the show's main theme. The original version of the main theme consisted of saxophones and synthesizers along with the original recording of "Think!" retained for the final segment. A swooshing sound effect was added during the show's introduction. +In 1992, the main theme was remixed to include congas. It was used for tournaments in Season 8, and then it was put permanently into use in Season 9. In 1997, both the main theme and "Think!" music were rearranged by Steve Kaplan. They both involved a more piano-driven, orchestral, jazzy sound. In 2001, the 1997 theme was rearranged, and its tempo increased. In 2008, Chris Bell Music & Sound Design overhauled the "Jeopardy!" music package for the show’s 25th anniversary. And in 2021, Bleeding Fingers Music rearranged the 2008 theme. + += = = Smithsonian National Zoological Park = = = +The Smithsonian National Zoological Park is one of the oldest zoos in the United States. It is part of the Smithsonian Institution and does not charge admission. It began in 1889 and wants to be a leader in animal care, science, education, sustainability, and visitor experience.<ref name="national zoo/aboutus/mission"></ref> It is also called the National Zoo. The Zoo has two campuses. The first is a urban park in northwest Washington, D.C.. It is 20 minutes from the National Mall by Metro. It offers family fun, excitement and interesting education programs. The other campus is the Smithsonian Conservation and Research Center (SCBI; formerly known as the Conservation and Research Center) in Front Royal, Virginia. SCBI is not open to the public. It is for training wildlife professionals in conservation biology and to propagating rare species through natural means and assisted reproduction. The National Zoo is accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). +Altogether, the two facilities contain some 2,000 animals of 400 different species.<ref name="nationalzoo/AnimalIndex"></ref> +History. +The National Zoo was created by an Act of Congress in 1889 for “the advancement of science and the instruction and recreation of the people.” In 1890 it became a part of the Smithsonian Institution. Three well-known people planned the Zoo: Samuel Langley, third Secretary of the Smithsonian; William T. Hornaday, a conservationist and head of the Smithsonian's vertebrate division; and Frederick Law Olmsted, a landscape architect. They designed a new zoo to show animals for the public and to serve as a refuge for wildlife, such as bison and beaver, which were rapidly vanishing from North America. +The National Zoo has been the home to giant pandas for more than 30 years. First Hsing Hsing and Ling Ling in 1972, and, since 2000, Mei Xiang and Tian Tian. On July 9, 2005, Mei Xiang gave birth to Tai Shan, who went to China in February 2010. +The zoo is supported by taxes and is open to everyone. About 2 million people visit each year, according to the "Washington Post" in 2005. +Exhibits and animals. +Daily programs include animal training, feeding demonstrations, and talks by zoo workers. These are exhibits at the Zoo: + += = = Avoca River = = = +The Avoca River drains a large area of western and central Victoria, Australia. It is 270 kilometres from its beginnings near Amphitheatre to Lake Bael Bael. It flows through several towns including Avoca, Bealiba, Charlton and Culgoa. It is not a deep river, most of it is less than 2m, but there are some deeper pools near Logan. There are 13 creeks which flow into the Avoca River. The river carries varying amounts of water, and in summer can stop flowing for several months. At other times it can flood. In January 2010 the river flooded and covered about 80% of the town of Charlton. The roads into the town were cut and emergency food supplies had to be brought in by helicopter. The town of Culgoa was also flooded. + += = = Thomas S. Monson = = = +Thomas Spencer Monson (August 21, 1927 – January 2, 2018) was an American religious leader and writer. On February 3, 2008, he became the sixteenth President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, after the death of Gordon B. Hinckley. He was appointed on the basis of seniority following the death of the previous president. He was born in Salt Lake City, Utah. +Monson was made an apostle at age 36. He was a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles until he became the President of the Church. As president of the church, Monson is said to be a prophet, seer, and revelator of God's will. Monson spent most of his time engaged in various church leadership positions and in public service. +He received three honorary doctorates. He was Chairman of the Church Boards of Trustees/Education of the Church Educational System. He was appointed by Ronald Reagan to the President's Task Force for Private Sector Initiatives. Monson received the Boy Scouts of America's Silver Buffalo and the World Organization of the Scout Movement's Bronze Wolf—both awards. Both awards are the highest given in each organization. +Monson died in Salt Lake City on January 2, 2018 at the age of 90. He was replaced by Russell M. Nelson. +Early life. +Monson was born on August 21, 1927 in Salt Lake City, Utah. His Father was George Spencer Monson (1901–1979) and his mother was Gladys Condie Monson (1902–1973). Nels Monson was his Swedish grandfather. Nels Monson was born in Torhamn, Sweden and moved to Utah at the age of 16. Thomas S. Monson was the second of six children. He grew up in a close family. Many of his mother's family lived on the same street. Aunts, uncles, and cousins frequently vacationed together. The family's neighborhood had many families from Mexico. Monson said he developed a love for the Mexican people and culture. Monson often spent weekends with family on their farms in Granger (now part of West Valley City). Monson's father owned a printing business. Monson worked there when he was a teenager. +From 1940 to 1944, Monson attended West High School in Salt Lake City. In 1944, he started going to the University of Utah. While Monson was at school he met his future wife, Frances. Frances's family came from a higher social class on the east side of the city. Her father, Franz Johnson, was excited to meet Thomas. He knew Monson's great uncle, Elias Monson. Elias had baptized Franz into the LDS Church in Sweden. + += = = Alter Bridge = = = +Alter Bridge is an American hard rock band from Orlando, Florida that was formed in 2004. It was formed by the then-former members of Creed. Alter Bridge has received relatively low mainstream success in the United States. They have released 3 studio albums and one live album. They released their latest album "AB III" which has received critical acclaim among critics. +Alter Bridge has been influenced by bands such as Led Zeppelin, Rush, and Tool. Alter Bridge's vocalist, Myles Kennedy is also known for his work with Slash. He is currently touring with Slash as the lead singer of his band. As of January 2011, Alter Bridge's most successful song is "Isolation" from their album "AB III". WWE Hall of Famer Edge used their song "Metalingus" as his theme song from November 1, 2001 to April 23, 2012. The band also appeared on WWE Raw during a backstage segment with Edge in 2005. + += = = Manila Sound = = = +Manila Sound is a type of music that started in Manila, Philippines, from the last years of the 1960s to the middle of the 1970s. It is commonly known as the "bright side" of the time of President Ferdinand Marcos because of its cheerful words and was often used in protest to his dictatorship. +This music type has affected all modern music types in the country as the beginner of Original Pilipino Music (OPM). +Music type. +Manila Sound was made famous by a folk rock band called Hotdog. Their songs: "Ikaw Ang Miss Universe Ng Buhay Ko" (or "You Are the Miss Universe Of My Life"), "'Manila'", and "Beh Buti Nga"; had catchy melody phrases common to the music type. Later, the singer-songwriter, Freddy Aguilar, used the music type with his music to express the suffering of the people. His song, "Bayan Ko", was popular in protests. +The music type is a mix of Filipino folk music and rock music added with some funk, light jazz, and disco, and is sung in both Tagalog and English languages. +The lyrics are childlike and often humorous caused by the disco fever in that period and in contrast to the oppression by Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos. It is sometimes described as "the marshmallow sound". + += = = Imelda Marcos = = = +Imelda Marcos (born Imelda Remedios Visitacion Romualdez on July 2, 1929) is a Filipino government person and widow of 10th Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos. Her nicknames are "Steel Butterfly" and "Iron Butterfly". Her son, Bongbong Marcos, is the President of the Philippines since 2022. +She is remembered both for her husband's presidential time, and because of her collection of 1,060 pairs of shoes. In 2001, Imelda opened the Marikina City Footwear Museum in the shoe-making district of Manila. The museum includes hundreds of her own shoes. +On 9 November 2018, Marcos was convicted and sentenced to 77 years in prison on corruption charges in a court proceeding that lasted twenty-seven years. +First lady. +More than five years after her husband became president, he stopped elections and gained more control. He stopped all that challenged him by scaring them. Imelda also gained power and became a government person up to 1986 when her husband's president time ended after the people removed him from power using peaceful actions. +Later life. +They went to Hawaii and her husband died there. Imelda came back five years later to try to become president but lost. Later, she tried other government jobs and won in two areas as a member representing them in the Philippines law-making building. Imelda has represented three areas (Manila, Leyte, Ilocos Norte) in the Philippines law-making building. + += = = Liver failure = = = +Liver failure or Hepatic failure is when the liver is no longer able to work. Things the liver does include making proteins. Liver failure can either be acute or chronic. + += = = Goodbye Lullaby = = = +Goodbye Lullaby is the fourth studio album by Canadian Avril Lavigne. It was released on March 2, 2011 through RCA Records. Her first single off the album was "What the Hell" which was released on January 10, 2011. The second single, "Smile", was released on April 11, 2011. The album is a lot more personal and softer than her three previous albums, "Let Go", "Under My Skin" and "The Best Damn Thing". + += = = Battle of Fort Blair = = = +The Battle of Fort Blair (also known as the Battle of Fort Baxter) was a Civil War battle. It was fought in Cherokee County, Kansas, on October 6, 1863. The Union lost 103 peoples, while the Confederate States of America only lost three. + += = = Olivenza = = = +Olivença (Spanish: Olivenza) is a territory disputed by Portugal and Spain. The territory was under Portuguese rule between 1297 (Treaty of Alcañices) and 1801. Then, it was occupied and ruled by Spain. After the Napoleonic Wars, Spain promised to give Olivença back to Portugal. It still has not done this to this day. +Portugal does not recognize the Spanish rule of the Olivença/Olivenza territory. Therefore, the border between Portugal and Spain in the Olivença/Olivenza region has never been defined. +Olivença/Olivenza territory is 750 Km2 in area. +Besides the town, the territory of Olivença/Olivenza includes seven villages: + += = = Lamprey = = = +Lampreys are jawless fish, whose adults are characterized by a toothed, funnel-like, sucking mouth. Lampreys belong to the order Petromyzontiformes. They live in coastal and fresh waters, and are found in temperate regions around the world. +Description. +Lampreys are eel-like, scaleless animals. They range from about 15 to 100 centimetres (6 to 40 inches) long. They have well-developed eyes, one or two dorsal fins, a tail fin, a single nostril on top of the head, and seven gill openings on each side of the body. Like the hagfish, they lack bones, jaws, and paired fins. The skeleton of a lamprey consists of cartilage; the mouth is a round, sucking hole with horny teeth. + += = = Nat Turner = = = +Nathaniel "Nat" Turner (October 2, 1800 – November 11, 1831) was an American slave and Christian preacher. +He believed God gave him visions. When he was 21 years old, Nat Turner escaped from his master Samuel Turner following in his father's footsteps and hid in the woods. 30 days later he had a vision telling him to "return”. Turner thought an eclipse in February 1831 was a sign from God to plan a slave rebellion. The rebellion happened in Southampton County, Virginia on August 21, 1831. He wasn’t that far from the North Carolina border. Seventy black people took part. Some of these people were free, and others were slaves. After Turner and his fellow slaves killed his master and his family, they took their horses, firearms, hatchets and knives; and continued on with their liberation. +The Governor had scheduled about three thousand militiamen to stop the rebellion. The violent rebellion lasted two days until soldiers finally ended it, but Turner escaped. He hid for 6 weeks to avoid being killed. He was found on October 30. Turner was executed on November 11 by hanging. He was skinned. At least 55 white people were killed in the rebellion. The state executed 55 people, but acquitted a few. 200 black people were killed by groups of white people. Slaves as far away as North Carolina were said to be connected with the rebellion. Many were tried and executed. Because of the rebellion, new laws were made in Virginia. People could not bring black people together to teach them how to read and write. Nat Turner was an American Hero + += = = Royal Rumble (2011) = = = +Royal Rumble (2011) was the twenty-fourth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view event made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on January 30, 2011 at the TD Garden in Boston, Massachusetts. As always, the Royal Rumble match winner, Alberto Del Rio got a main event match at WrestleMania XXVII for his choice at either the WWE Championship or the World Heavyweight Championship. +Six professional wrestling matches were on the event's supercard, a scheduling of more than one main event. The main event was the 40-man Royal Rumble match instead of the original 30-man match which featured wrestlers from both brands. +Royal Rumble entrances and eliminations. +Red ██ and "Raw" indicates a "Raw" wrestler, blue ██ and "SD" indicates a "Smackdown" wrestler and gold ██ and "FA" indicates a free agent entrant. A new entrant came out every 90 seconds. + += = = Princess Royal = = = +Princess Royal is a title often given by the reigning British King or Queen to his or her eldest daughter. The title is a gift of the monarch, unlike Prince of Wales which is always given to the eldest son +There can only be one Princess Royal at a time, so Elizabeth II never held the title because her aunt, Princess Mary was already called Princess Royal. +List of Princesses Royal. +The following is a full list of women officially called "Princess Royal": +Princess Louisa Maria (1692–1712), the last daughter of King James II (d. 1701), was born after he lost his crown in the Glorious Revolution. She was given the title of "Princess Royal" during James's exile at Saint-Germain-en-Laye and was so called by Jacobites, even though she was never even James's eldest living daughter. +Eldest daughters of English sovereigns. +Before Charles II in 1660 started using the title of Princess Royal, the eldest daughters of the King of England had a special status. The Magna Carta made the Barons to pay for the eldest daughter's wedding, and later sleeping with her was made High Treason, punishable by death - a law only changed in 1998 + += = = Common Sense (pamphlet) = = = +Common Sense is a pamphlet (short book) written by Thomas Paine. It was first published on January 10, 1776. Paine wrote the pamphlet to change the minds of people who wanted to peacefully settle their differences with the British government to fight for independence instead. +The pamphlet said that the British government and other European monarchies were tyrannical, meaning they did not acknowledge the rights of people. Paine called the pamphlet "Common Sense" because he wrote that it was against common sense for an island to rule a larger nation. Therefore, the colonies should overthrow the British government. +The pamphlet was one of the bestselling works of the 18th century in America. Thomas Paine wrote in a style that was easy for most people to understand, instead of the hard to understand writing common in the Enlightenment Era. He also referenced the Bible and used idioms that many of the Protestant colonists understood. +The document was an important part of the American Revolutionary War. It lead to the Declaration of Independence, which the Second Continental Congress wrote and signed into law later that year. "Common Sense" helped by creating mass support. +and it was published in 1776 + += = = Jeopardy! = = = +Jeopardy! is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin. The show first appeared on ABC, where it was hosted by Art Fleming from March 30, 1964 to January 3, 1975 and again from October 2, 1978 to March 2, 1979. Beginning Sony Pictures Television on September 10, 1984 and continuing into the present, the show is in syndicated format and was hosted by Alex Trebek from 1984 until his death in 2020. Versions of the show have been made in many foreign countries throughout the world. The current host of the show is Ken Jennings. Mayim Bialik co-hosted alongside Jennings from 2021 to 2023. +Since the syndicated version premiered, the show has won the most Emmy Awards of any game show on daytime television. In 2001 & 2012, "TV Guide" named it the second-best game show of all time. The 38th season of the syndicated version premiered on September 13, 2021. and New Season 40 on 2023-2024 +Gameplay. +Unlike regular trivia games, the questions are given as clues, and players come up with questions as an answer. For example, a clue would be "one of our Founding Fathers, he was our first president", and the correct response would be "who is George Washington?". The game of "Jeopardy!" consists of three rounds: the Jeopardy! round, the Double Jeopardy! round, and the Final Jeopardy! round. In the Jeopardy! round, there are six categories with five clues in each, each worth between $200 to $1,000. One of the clues is a Daily Double, in which a contestant may wager up to $1,000 or the amount of his or her cash winnings, depending on which is more. The Double Jeopardy! round is like the Jeopardy! round, but the clues are worth double the amount. In this round there are two Daily Doubles instead of one. The Final Jeopardy! round is made up of just one category and one clue. Only players with more than $0 after the Double Jeopardy! round may play the Final Jeopardy! round. During the commercial break, players write their wagers based on their knowledge of the given category. After the commercial break, the host reads the clue. The players have 30 seconds to write their answers, again in the form of a question. During this time the lights dim, and the "Think!" theme plays in the background. The player with the most money at the end of the game keeps his or her winnings and comes back to the next show. Second-place players get a $2,000 cash prize, and third place players get a $1,000 cash prize. +Record holders. +Brad Rutter is the biggest money winner on the show, having won $4,688,436 in five regular episodes and several tournaments. Ken Jennings won 74 games, which is the longest winning streak. James Holzhauer holds the top sixteen spots for the highest winnings in a single game in regular play. +Theme music. +Since the show started in 1964, there were various songs and arrangements that were used as the show's main theme. Most of these were composed by Merv Griffin. The best known theme song is "Think!". It has served as the countdown music for the Final Jeopardy! round since 1964. +Between 1964 and 1975, a jazz tune called "Take Ten", composed by Julian Griffin, served as the main theme. When the series was revived in 1978, "January, February, March" served as the opening theme, and "Frisco Disco" served as the closing theme, both of which were composed by Merv Griffin himself. "January, February, March" was also used in the first pilot of the syndicated version. +Beginning with the Alex Trebek hosted syndicated version in September 1984, a rendition of "Think!" served as the show's main theme. The original version of the main theme consisted of saxophones and synthesizers along with the original recording of "Think!" retained for the final segment. A swooshing sound effect was added during the show's introduction. +In 1992, the main theme was remixed to include congas. It was used for tournaments in Season 8, and then it was put permanently into use in Season 9. In 1997, both the main theme and "Think!" music were rearranged by Steve Kaplan. They both involved a more piano-driven, orchestral, jazzy sound. In 2001, the 1997 theme was rearranged, and its tempo increased. In 2008, Chris Bell Music & Sound Design overhauled the "Jeopardy!" music package for the show’s 25th anniversary season. And in 2021, Bleeding Fingers Music rearranged the 2008 theme. +Set. +Like the theme music, the "Jeopardy!" set changed over the years. The original game board was exposed behind a curtain. The clues were printed on clue cards, which were shown as a player asked for a certain clue and its value. In 1978, the cards were dropped in favor of flipping panels which had the dollar value on one side and the clue on the other. Also, the curtain was changed to double-slide panels. When the show came back in 1984, the game board was changed again. This time it was made up of 30 television screens for each clue in the categories. In 1991, the original screens were changed to larger screens. In 2006, the screens were changed to a projection video wall. Then in 2009, the video wall was changed to 36 HD flat-panel screens. +Other changes to the set have been made since the start of the syndicated version. Starting in 1985 and continuing until 1997, the sets were designed to have a blue background for the Jeopardy! round and a red background for the Double Jeopardy! and Final Jeopardy! rounds; however, starting in 2005 and continuing into the present, the background color changes to red when the lights dim during Final Jeopardy! In November 1996, two months after the start of Season 13, a new set designed by Naomi Slodki was brought in. In November 2002, another new set designed by Slodki was brought in. This set was slightly changed in 2006 when "Jeopardy!" started airing in high-definition. +A new set came out with the Tournament of Champions and Celebrity Jeopardy! taped in 2009 at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Nevada. It became the main set at the start of Season 26 in 2009. Another new set was brought in at the start of Season 30 in 2013. It was slightly modified in 2020 to accommodate health measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic. + += = = Alexander Calder = = = +Alexander Calder (July, 22,1898 – November 11, 1976) was an American sculptor. He lived in Philadelphia, in the United States. He invented the mobile. Mobiles are a kind of sculpture where the pieces are moved by motors or the wind. Mobiles are a kind of kinetic sculpture. He also made sculptures that did not move that were called "stabiles." + += = = Electron affinity = = = +Electron affinity is a phrase used in chemistry. When an atom that is neutral gets an electron, the energy that is changed in the atom is the electron affinity. Across a period, the electron affinity increases. + += = = Oleg Tverdovsky = = = +Oleh Fedorovych "Oleg" Tverdovsky (; born May 18, 1976), was a Ukrainian-Russian professional ice hockey defenceman that played for Salavat Yulaev Ufa of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He also played for the Los Angeles Kings, Carolina Hurricanes, New Jersey Devils, Phoenix Coyotes, Winnipeg Jets, and Mighty Ducks of Anaheim in the National Hockey League (NHL). +International play. +Played for Russia in: + += = = Anton Babchuk = = = +Anton Anatoliiovych Babchuk (; born May 6, 1984) is a Ukrainian-Russian professional ice hockey defenceman currently playing for Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League (NHL). +Playing career. +Originally from Kiev, Ukraine, Babchuk began playing hockey at the age of three. He began his training with the Sokil Kyiv junior hockey affiliate, a team which included fellow future Ukrainian NHLer Nikolai Zherdev. While participating in an overseas peewee tournament in Quebec, Canada, Babchuk's team found itself competing against a team from Elektrostal, Russia. The rival team's coach, Ravil Iskakhov, took note of both Babchuk and Zherdev, and invited the pair to further their development with the Elemash Elektrostal hockey club of the Russian Major League, to which they accepted together. +He was drafted into the National Hockey League (NHL) 21st overall by the Chicago Blackhawks in the 2002 Entry Draft. Babchuk made his North American debut with the Blackhawks affiliate, the Norfolk Admirals of the American Hockey League (AHL), in the 2003–04 season. Babchuk also made his NHL debut by seasons end, appearing in five games with the Blackhawks. +In the 2005–06 season, Babchuk was traded to the Carolina Hurricanes for Danny Richmond on January 20, 2006. Babchuk scored his first goal for the Hurricanes on January 28, 2006. He was also named second star of the game. Babchuk played in 22 games with the Hurricanes for the season and was a part of the extended squad of the Hurricanes as they became the Stanley Cup Champions. +In the 2006–07 season, on February 6, 2007, the Hurricanes activated František Kaberle from injury, forcing them to send Babchuk down to the Albany River Rats. Babchuk was the only possible defenceman they could send down because he was the only one on the Hurricanes' roster that was not subject to waiver wire claims. The next day, Carolina announced that they had suspended Babchuk because of his refusal to report to Albany. In 2007–08, Babchuk played in the Russian Superleague (RSL) for Avangard Omsk. +On July 1, 2008, Babchuk re-signed with the Hurricanes to a one-year contract for the 2008–09 season. He led all Hurricanes' defensemen with 16 goals in 72 games. Following a contract dispute that lead to him requesting a trade out of Carolina, Babchuk turned back to Russia on 19 September 2009, re-signing with Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) club Avangard Omsk. During the very first training day in Omsk, he broke the ice rink glass with a shot at Arena Omsk. +Babchuk was chosen to play on Team Yashin at the 2nd Kontinental Hockey League All-Star Game. +On July 1, 2010, Babchuk again re-signed with the Carolina Hurricanes to a one-year contract for the 2010-2011 season. This contract was worth 1.4 million US dollars. +On November 17, 2010, Babchuk was traded along with Tom Kostopoulos to the Calgary Flames for Ian White and Brett Sutter. +International play. +Played for Russia in: + += = = Charlie Sheen = = = +Carlos Irwin Estévez (born September 3, 1965), known professionally by his stage name Charlie Sheen, is an American actor in movies and television. He starred in television show "Two and a Half Men". Sheen had a cameo appearance in "Ferris Bueller's Day Off". In 2010, Sheen was the highest paid actor on television and earned US$1.8 million per episode of "Two and a Half Men". +Personal life. +Family and relationships. +Sheen has been married three times. He has five children. His first daughter, Cassandra Jade Estevez, was born on December 12, 1984. Her mother is his former high school girlfriend, Paula Profit. +In January 1990, Sheen accidentally shot his fiancee, Kelly Preston, in the arm. She broke off the engagement soon after. +In the 1990s, Sheen dated a number of adult movie actresses, including Ginger Lynn and Heather Hunter. +On September 3, 1995, Sheen married Donna Peele. That same year, Sheen was named as one of the clients of an escort agency run by Heidi Fleiss. Sheen and Peele divorced in 1996. +On June 15, 2002, Sheen married actress Denise Richards. They have two daughters, Sam and Lola Sheen. In March 2005, Richards filed for divorce. She accused Sheen of alcohol and drug abuse and threats of violence. +On May 30, 2008, Sheen married Brooke Mueller. She later gave birth to their twin sons, Bob and Max. In November 2010, Sheen filed for divorce. On March 1, 2011, police removed Bob and Max from Sheen's home. +On March 1, 2011, Sheen was living with two women, pornographic actress Rachel Oberlin and model and graphic designer Natalie Kenly. He called them his "goddesses". Oberlin left Sheen in April 2011. Kenly left in June 2011. +Substance abuse and legal issues. +On May 20, 1998, Sheen was overdosed while using cocaine. He was hospitalized. Sheen was already on probation in California for a previous drug offense. His probation was extended for an extra year. He entered a rehab clinic. In a 2004 interview, Sheen said that the overdose was caused by his experimentation with injecting cocaine. +On December 25, 2009, Sheen was arrested for assaulting his wife, Brooke Mueller in Aspen, Colorado. He was released the same day from jail after posting an $8,500 bond. Sheen was sentenced to 30 days in a drug rehab center, 30 days of probation, and 36 hours of anger management. +On October 26, 2010, the police removed Sheen from his suite at the Plaza Hotel after he reportedly caused $7,000 in damage. According to the NYPD, Sheen said he was drinking and using cocaine on that night. He was released after entering a hospital for observation. +Health. +On November 16, 2015, it was revealed that Sheen would make a formal announcement through a television interview that he is officially HIV-positive. He said he was diagnosed four years earlier. + += = = Jacobite succession = = = +The Stuarts who claimed the thrones of England, Scotland, Ireland and France after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 were: +When Henry died, the succession passed to a different house, and none of the Jacobite heirs since has claimed the thrones of England or Scotland or put the arms of England and Scotland in their coats-of-arms. +House of Savoy. +Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia was a descendant of Charles I through his youngest daughter Henrietta Anne. Her daughter Anne Marie of Orléans married Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia, and Charles IV was great-grandson of Queen Anne Marie in the male line. +House of Wittelsbach. +Future descent after the Duke of Bavaria. +The heir presumptive of Franz, Duke of Bavaria, is his younger brother + += = = Geography of Taiwan = = = +Taiwan is a medium-sized chain of islands in East Asia at 23°30" N, 121°00" E . It runs through the Tropic of Cancer. Also known as Formosa, it makes up most of the territories of the Republic of China (commonly known as Taiwan). +Formation. +The island of Formosa (or Taiwan) was formed about 4.5 million years ago from a Geosyncline. It is part of an island arc. It was formed when the Eurasian Plate slid under an old chain of volcanic islands in the Philippine Mobile Belt. At the northern end of the island, the Philippine Mobile Belt sank under the Eurasian Plate. +Physical boundaries. +The main island makes up 99% of the Republic of China. The other 1% is made up of smaller islands like Orchard Island and the Penghu Islands, along with far smaller islands. The chain is separated from mainland China by the Taiwan Strait which is 220 kilometers long. +Climate and terrain. +The climate on the island is mostly ocean-like and changes very widely. The south end of the island is humid (very watery) During the summer, typhoons are very common. Most of the time, there are four each year. +The terrain of the island changes a lot. In the west, plains and grasslands are common. 90% of the population lives in the west. The highest point on Formosa is Jade Mountain at 3951.798 meters tall in the year 2003. +In the east of the island is mountainous terrain with thick forests and endemic (native-only) types of plants and animals such as the Formasan Black Bear and the Formosan Cypress. Many of these species are now endangered or extinct. +Major mountain ranges. +There are many mountain ranges on the island of Formosa. +Natural resources. +The few natural resources are gold, copper, coal, natural gas, limestone, marble, and asbestos. The island is 55% forest, 24% farmable lands, 15% miscellaneous, 5% pastures, and 1% crops. +Natural hazards. +Earthquakes are the main natural hazards (problems). More than 2,000 people have died from earthquakes. The main environmental problems are air pollution and water pollution. + += = = Chevrolet Suburban = = = +The Chevrolet Suburban is a fully sized SUV from Chevrolet. This vehicle was first produced around 1935, in which 75 were produced. This makes the Suburban the longest running model ever. It was first made as a station wagon, and was later made as an SUV. Up until the eleventh generation, the Chevrolet Suburban was based on the Chevrolet Silverado pick-up truck. For a number of years, the Suburban was the largest SUV made in America. There was also a GMC Suburban, although GMC's version was later rebranded the GMC Yukon XL in 2000. From 1998 to 2001 a right-hand drive version was made in Mexico and sold in Australia and New Zealand by Holden using the Suburban name, but was not a best seller and was withdrawn afterwards. +Since its inception, there has been twelve generations of Suburbans, the latest introduced in December 2020 and went on sale in May 2020 as a 2021 model. + += = = House of Wittelsbach = = = +The Wittelsbach family is a European royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria. +Members of the family were rulers of Bavaria, either as Dukes, Electors or Kings, from 1180 until the revolution in 1918, after the defeat of Germany in World War I. +Other land, controlled by other branches of the family include +Wittelsbachs also ruled as + += = = Dodge Caravan = = = +The Dodge Caravan, otherwise referred to as the Dodge Grand Caravan for the larger sized version, was an American minivan manufactured by FCA US, LLC. and sold by Dodge. The Caravan was introduced around 1983, and the Grand Caravan was introduced around 1987. The original Caravan was dropped after the 2007 model year and replaced by the Dodge Journey. The Grand Caravan has been redesigned many times through the years. Chrysler announced that 2015 would be the last model year for the Grand Caravan, as part of the plan to refocus Dodge as a performance brand. However, the Grand Caravan made a come for a later successor, until 2020. + += = = Conversion van = = = +The conversion van is a full-sized cargo van. The vans are sent to third party companies and then outfitted with luxuries for road trips and camping. They are available in high topped or in low topped versions, as office vans, travel vans and disability vans. Conversion vans began coming into style during the 1970s and 1980s. Early conversion vans were simply vans which had seats inserted in them. + += = = Quinoa = = = +Quinoa ("Chenopodium quinoa"; ( or , from Quechua ' or ') is a species of goosefoot ("Chenopodium"). It is a grain-like crop grown primarily for its edible seeds. +Quinoa is not a real cereal, or grain, but more of a vegetable, as it is not a member of the grass family. As a chenopod, quinoa is closely related to species such as beets, spinach, and tumbleweeds. Its leaves are also eaten as a leaf vegetable, much like amaranth. Quinoa greens are not widely available for purchase. Quinoa gives high quality protein and other nutrients. It has been called a 'superfood'. +References. +https://www.nasimahealth.com/is-quinoa-keto/ + += = = Chenopodioideae = = = +The Chenopodioideae is a subfamily of flowering plants are family Amaranthaceae, formerly treated as a distinct family Chenopodiaceae and comprising all of the genera formerly included in this family except for those transferred to the subfamilies Salicornioideae and Salsoloideae. The precise circumscription of the subfamily is still uncertain, with research continuing; significant changes may occur to the genera included. +The subfamily as currently circumscribed has a cosmopolitan distribution, with about 1,400 species accepted. It is a particularly significant component of the vegetation of the arid region that extends from north Africa to central Asia. + += = = Kathy Griffin = = = +Kathleen Mary "Kathy" Griffin (born November 4, 1960) is an American actress, stand-up comedian and television writer and producer. She is also an LGBT rights advocate. She hosted her own talk show, "Kathy". From 2007 until 2016, she presented the New Year's Eve celebrations from New York City for CNN along with Anderson Cooper. +Early life. +Griffin was born on November 4, 1960, in Oak Park, Illinois. Her parents are John and Margaret Griffin. She was raised in an Irish American, Roman Catholic household. The youngest child in her family, she has three older brothers and one older sister. +Influences. +Griffin has cited comediennes such as Joan Rivers and Phyllis Diller as influences throughout her career. +Career. +Griffin is a Grammy Award and Emmy Award-winning comedienne. She is known for shows such as "My Life on the D-List". She holds a Guinness World Record for the most comedy TV specials. +As Executive Producer and star of the series, Kathy Griffin accepted the Emmy won by the show. Her remarks upon receiving the award were: “Now, look, a lot of people come up here and they thank Jesus for this award. I want you to know that no one had less to do with this award than Jesus. He didn’t help me a bit. If it was up to him, Cesar Millan would be up here with that damn dog. So all I can say is suck it Jesus, this award is my God now”: +2017 Donald Trump controversy. +On May 30, 2017, Griffin was pictured holding a false head in the image of President American Donald Trump that was covered in blood. Because of this, she lost several sponsorship deals and was fired from CNN's New Year's Eve program. Well-known photographer Tyler Shields was in charge of the photo shoot. +Health. +In August 2021, Griffin announced that she had been diagnosed with lung cancer and needed to have half of her left lung removed. + += = = Juliette Lewis = = = +Juliette Lewis (born June 21, 1973) is an American actress and singer. She gained fame for her role in the 1991 thriller "Cape Fear". She was nominated for both an Academy Award and Golden Globe. This followed with major roles in "What's Eating Gilbert Grape", "Natural Born Killers", "The Evening Star", and "From Dusk Till Dawn". Her work in television has earned her two Emmy nominations. +She was the lead singer of rock band "Juliette and the Licks". Her father was actor Geoffrey Lewis. + += = = Central Visayas = = = +Central Visayas, designated as Region VII, is a region of the Philippines. It is in the central part of the Visayas island group. It consists of four provinces–Bohol, Cebu, Negros Oriental, and Siquijor– and the highly urbanized cities of Cebu City, Lapu-Lapu City, and Mandaue. The region is dominated by the native speakers of Cebuano. Cebu City is its regional center. +The land area of the region is 15,875 km2. As of the 2010 census, 6,800,180 people lived there. Only three of the country's 17 regions had more people. +Provinces and independent cities. +The Central Visayas region is composed of 4 provinces and 3 independent cities: +Although Cebu City, Mandaue, and Lapu-Lapu City are often grouped under the province of Cebu for statistical purposes by the National Statistics Office, as highly urbanized cities they are administratively independent from the province. +Climate. +Surrounded by Region VIII (Eastern Visayas), Central Visayas does not get many typhoons. Region VII has a weather of cloudy skies with scattered rains. Central Visayas has 80-90% humidity. The dry season is from April-May wet during the rest of the year. +Demographics. +As of the 2010 census, Central Visayas had a population of 6,800,180 people. At the 2007 census, the population was 6,398,628 with a population density of 403.1 people per square kilometer (6,129.4/mi2). The 2007 census showed an average annual population growth rate of 1.59% from 2000 to 2007, significantly less than the national average of 2.04%. +Cebuano is the dominant language of the region. In Bohol, Cebuano is referred to as Boholano. In the Camotes Islands, which is part of Cebu, Cebuano language is spoken in the towns of Tudela, Pilar and San Francisco. Except the town of Poro, in which, Porohanon is spoken (a variation or mixture of Cebuano, Hiligaynon (Ilonggo) and Masbateño language). +Transportation. +By sea. +The Port of Cebu is the region's main gateway. There are also ports in Dumaguete City in Negros Oriental, Tagbilaran in Bohol and Larena in Siquijor. Inter-island shipping is served by numerous shipping lines, two of them fastcraft companies which serve all the provinces in the region. +By air. +The Mactan-Cebu International Airport, in Lapu-Lapu City, is the country's second busiest airport (after Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Metro Manila) and the only airports in the Visayas serving international flights. It is an airline hub of Cebu Pacific, Philippine Airlines, PAL Express, and Air Philippines, with flights to key cities throughout the country. It also serves international flights to other Asian destinations. +Other airports in the region are Sibulan Airport, serving Dumaguete City and Negros Oriental with flights to Manila and Cebu, and Tagbilaran Airport, serving Tagbilaran City and Bohol with flights to Manila. + += = = Mandaue = = = +Mandaue City is a city in the province of Cebu in the Philippines. It is one of the three urbanized cities in the island and forms a part of the Cebu Metropolitan area. Mandaue City is on the middle eastern coastal region of Cebu, bordering to its right-side are Mactan Island where Lapu-Lapu City is. Mandaue is connected to Mactan Island via two bridges which includes the Mactan-Cebu Bridge and Marcelo Fernan Bridge And is bounded south and the west by the Provincial Capital, Cebu City and north by Consolacion which is linked with Cansaga Bay Bridge. The city has an area of about 34.87 square kilometres and has a total population of about 337,320 people. +History. +A community was established in Mandaue by a flourishing group of Indonesian, Malayan and Chinese merchants. The Venetian chronicler Antonio Pigafetta wrote a settlement called Mandani existed in the area with a chieftain who was named Aponoan then a few decades later another ruler named Lambusan. Mandaue was established as a mission village (which included present day Consolacion, Liloan and Poro) in 1638 by Jesuit then a century later by the Recollects. The Philippine revolution in 1898 gave the town a new form of administration in accordance with the organic decree of the Central Revolutionary Government. The short lived revolution was overthrown by the American Troops and a battle nearly destroys the town on 1901. +Mandaue was Independent from being an American Commonwealth and a Japanese Garrison on July 4, 1946 along with the entire nation. Mandaue became a chartered city in June 21, 1969 by Mayor Demetrio Cortes Sr. The city was recognized as a HUC (Highly Urban City) on 1991. +District. +Mandaue City is part of the Sixth District of Cebu joined with the municipalities of Consolacion and Cordova. Although qualified for a lone district in 1991 this was neglected by Lawmakers. Mandaue is under the province of Cebu but because it is a Highly Urbanized City it is not under authority to the provincial government and Mandaue is politically subdivided into 27 barangays. The barangay is further divided to a sitio. +Barangays. +Mandaue is divided into 27 administrative villages called barangays. +Area. +The city has a total land area of 3,487 hectares or 34.87 square kilometres. Every square kilometre is inhabited by more or less 8,112 people. Land utilization is summarized as follows: +The city is the 6th smallest government unit in terms of land area; among the Metro Cebu local government units the city is the second smallest next to the municipality of Cordova in the island of Mactan. The city’s land area is only 4.5% of the total land area of Metro Cebu and less than 1% of the total land area of the Province of Cebu. +The on-going North Reclamation Project, now known as the North Special Administrative Zone, currently has about 180 hectares reclaimed land. Of the 180 hectares, about 36 hectares belong to the city. The existing mangrove area will be retained as a Marine habitat, part of the area's parks and open spaces. +It is one of the two (the other one being the municipality of Consolacion) local government units located within the mainland Metro Cebu where the elevation of land is less than 100 metres. +Many of the areas of the city are extremely flat. About 77.37% is within the 0-8% slope category. Barangays belonging to this region are Centro, Looc, South Special Administrative Zone, Cambaro, Opao, Umapad, Paknaan, Alang-alang, Tipolo, Ibabao, Guizo, Subangdaku, Mantuyong, Maguikay and Tabok. The greater portion of the city, comprising about 70%, is dominated by the Mandaue Clay Loam soil series. This is in the 0-2% and 2-5% slope ranges. Faraon clay loam characterizes the rest of the land with slope range from 5-8% and up to 25-40%. +Population. +Oldest accounts of Mandaue's population was written in Bosetta and Bravo's Diccionario between 1637 to 1638 was 11,034. During the first year of its township in 1899, Mandaue had 42 barrios and with a population of 21,086. When Mandaue was a second class municipality in 1964 she had a population of 33,811. +According to the August 2009 Philippine census, Mandaue City has a population of about 337,320 people. This figure is up by 77,592 from 259,728 persons recorded in the May 2000 census. Mandaue has a significantly large population which is in and below the poverty line. +Festivals. +Mandaue Fiesta:Celebrated on May 8 in honor of the patron St. Joseph. There are a lot of events that occur in this feast like the Miss Mandaue, Mr. Mandaue, Inter-Barangay Sports Competition, Queen Prince and Prices Coronation or QPP, Rodeos, Mantawi Festival, Bailes, Fairs and many more. This is an evident reminder of the Philippines Hispanic influences. +Translacion: (Gathering of the Holy Family) which coincidentally the patrons of Cebu are the Santo Niño and Birhin sa Guadelupe, Saint Joseph in Mandaue City. This is celebrated every January when the three statues meet in The National Shrine of Saint Joseph often called the Translacion where a Fluvial Mass follows after. There are singing and dancing competitions and street dancing that happen during the Bibingkahan in honor of the Sto. Niño. +Comparsa sa Mandaue : A theater dance competition that showcases Mandaue's rich cultural heritage celebrated on August. +Mantawi Festival : Is an event where tribal dances are accompanied by different beats and is played by a brass instead of the usual drum and trumpet Mantawi Festival is on every May 7. +Miss Mandaue: A beauty pageant, that searches for a young woman who will serve as an ambassadress of goodwill and represent the people of Mandaue City in various functions and gatherings in the community... +Kabayo festival: +The Kabayo festival is a horse racing event held annually in the second week of February. +Pasigarbo sa Sugbo: +It is an event that is held annually in Mandaue City, Cebu International Convention Center every August 14 which shows Cebu’s culture and different festivals, +it is a fiesta of colorful costumes and elaborate props as dancers from 32 towns and cities from all over Cebu compete which ends with a grand fireworks display. +Infrastructure. +Mandaue City's road network is composed of a national highway which connects the city to its neighboring cities and municipalities, a national secondary road which traverses the City's metropolitan area. The total length of the city road network (paved and unpaved) and the four bridges, is about , broken down into: +Road density is 3.83 km per km of land. In terms of population, road density is about 0.52 km per every 1000 people. +Land transportation is being served by PUJ, Utility Vehicles, mini-buses, multi-cabs, tricycles and trisikads. For cargo, trucks and vans are used. Transport by water uses the Port of Cebu and Cebu International Port. Air transport is through the Mactan-Cebu International Airport. It has direct international flights to Hong Kong, Singapore, Japan, China, Palau, Malaysia, Taiwan, Qatar, South Korea and many major cities in the Philippines. +Education. +Schools in Mandaue City follow a system of 6 years for primary education and 4 years for secondary education. +Primary. +22 public day care centres +Elementary. +26 Public Schools +Secondary. +27 public high schools +Cuisine. +Mandaue has dining restaurants which cater gourmets and international cuisines like Italian, Japanese, Korean, Mexican, Vietnamese, Indian and other cuisines. A variety of restaurants also serves meals of local cuisine. +Many famous Cebuano meals like the Lechon or Inasal is a pride of Cebu being crowned as the best roasted pig in the world, it is eaten with Achara or pickled vegetables. The Sugba or Barbecue is either Isda(fish), Baboy (pork), Manok (chicken) or Baka (beef) is found in any joints in Mandaue eaten with the Puso a diamond shaped hangged rice covered in coco leaves. Kinilaw is raw meat usually pork or fish drenched in vinegar and salt. The Buwad or dried seafood is very smelly but it is crunchy and chewy. There are some exotic meals you can find like the Dinugoan or pig's blood is a eaten like the soup. Barbecued Chicken feet are liked by many locals. + Original cuisine in Mandaue includes the "Bibingka" which is steamed rice cakes mixed with coconut and sometimes egg. + += = = Candida = = = +Candida is a genus or grouping of yeasts. Yeasts are a type of fungus. This group of fungi are the most common cause of fungus infections in the world. Most people have or are exposed to this group of fungus but are not sick. If a person is weak because of another illness, this fungus can cause disease. "Candida albicans" is the most common kind of Candida. Infection with this fungus is called candidiasis or thrush. Other species in this group can be found in the human gut. +People can get a blood infection from this fungus. +Medicines called antibiotics do not cure yeast infections. In fact, an antibiotic can make a Candida infection worse. Women can get a Candida infection in their vagina. Men can also get a Candida infection in their genital area. If a person takes antibiotics for a long time, they have a greater chance of having a Candida infection. People with diabetes or HIV are more likely to get a yeast infection. +Role as a pathogen. +This fungus can be grown in a lab. "Candida" looks like large, round, white or cream circles that smell like bread. "Candida" can be found on almost all healthy skin. Dry skin has less fungus. Small numbers of this fungus are found in other areas of the body. These are the nose, throat and lungs; the digestive system and the vagina. This is normal. +When this fungus causes disease in the mouth it is called thrush (oropharyngeal candidiasis). When this fungus causes disease in the female reproductive organs it is called vaginal candidiasis or just 'yeast infection'. Thrush is common in people who wear dentures. +Treatment. +In people without other illness, a candida infection can be cured with skin ointment or medicine that can be swallowed. Skin medications can be bought over-the-counter without a doctor's prescription. In people who are already sick, candidiasis can become a very serious illness. It can cause abscess, thrombophlebitis, heart infection (endocarditis. It can cause infections of the eyes or other organs. Candida infection can get into the body through cuts in the skin. +Species. +Other medically important "Candida" species are "C. parapsilosis", "C. tropicalis", and "C. dubliniensis". + += = = Charles Edward Stuart = = = +Charles Edward Stuart (Prince Charles Edward Louis Philip Casimir Stuart, 31 December 1720 - 31 January 1788; better known as Bonnie Prince Charlie or as 'The Young Pretender') was the Jacobite pretender to the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland. This claim was as the eldest son of James Francis Edward Stuart ('The Old Pretender') who was the son of James II and VII. +Charles is perhaps best known as the leading the unsuccessful Jacobite uprising of 1745. He led a rebellion which ended in a heavy defeat at the Battle of Culloden. That ended the Jacobite cause. Charles's escape from Scotland after the uprising made him a romantic figure of heroic failure. The "Skye Boat Song" remembers him. +He lived, and died, in Rome, where his father had been given a home by Clement XI. + += = = Henry Benedict Stuart = = = +Henry Benedict Maria Clement Thomas Francis Xavier Stuart (11 March 1725 - 13 July 1807) was a Roman Catholic Cardinal, as well as the fourth and final Jacobite heir to publicly claim the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Unlike his father, James Francis Edward Stuart, and brother, Charles Edward Stuart, Henry made no effort to seize the throne. After Charles's death in January 1788 the Pope did not recognise Henry as the lawful ruler of England, Scotland and Ireland, but referred to him as the Cardinal Duke of York. +He spent his life in the Papal States and had a long career in the clergy of the Roman Catholic Church, rising to become the Dean of the College of Cardinals and Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia and Velletri. At the time of his death he was (and still is) one of the longest serving Cardinals in the Church's history. +When he was young, Henry's father made him Duke of York (in the Jacobite peerage), and that was how he was best known. Upon the death of his brother in 1788 Henry became known by Jacobites, and within his personal entourage, as Henry IX of England, although publicly he referred to himself as Cardinal-Duke of York "nuncupatus". +Early life. +Henry was born in exile at Rome on 6 March 1725 and baptized on the same day by Pope Benedict XIII, 37 years after his grandfather James II and VII lost the throne, and ten years after his father's failed attempt to regain it. His father was James Francis Edward Stuart, known to his opponents as "the Old Pretender". His mother was the Princess Maria Klementyna Sobieska, granddaughter of the Polish King, John III Sobieski. +Henry went to France in 1745 to help his brother, Prince Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie", or "the Young Pretender") prepare the Jacobite campaign of that year. After its defeat, Henry Stuart returned to Italy. On 30 June 1747 Pope Benedict XIV conferred him with tonsure and created him Cardinal-Deacon of "S. Maria in Portico" in special consistory held on the 3 July 1747. On 27 August 1747 he was promoted to the four minor orders by the Pope. He received the subdiaconate on 18 August 1748 and diaconate on 25 August 1748. He was ordained priest on 1 September 1748 and consecrated titular Archbishop of Corinth on 2 October 1758. +He was made Cardinal Priest in 1748, and Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati on 13 July 1761. When he became the senior cardinal "Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals" on 26 September 1803, he transferred to the See of Ostia and Velletri. +French Revolution and later life. +At one point Henry was very rich, +At the time of the French Revolution, he lost the land and income he was given by the French king, and spent a lot of his money helping Pope Pius VI. This, in addition to the seizure of his Frascati property by the French, caused him to descend into poverty. The British Minister in Venice arranged for Henry to receive an annuity of £4,000 from King George III of Great Britain. Although the British government said this as an act of charity, Henry and the Jacobites called it to be a first installment on the money which was legally owed to him. (For many years the British government had promised to return the English dowry of his grandmother, Mary of Modena, but had never done so.) +Henry returned to Frascati in 1803. In September of that year he became the Dean of the College of Cardinals and hence Cardinal Bishop of Ostia and Velletri, though he still lived in the episcopal palace at Frascati. He died there on 13 July 1807, aged 82. +Henry was the last claimant to the English throne to touch for the King's Evil (see Royal Touch). +After death. +Under his will, which he signed as "Henry R", he was succeeded in all his claimed British rights by his friend and nearest blood-relative, Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia. But Charles never claimed or denied his Jacobite claims, nor have any of his successors to this day. +Contrary to popular belief, he did not leave the Crown Jewels to the Prince of Wales, afterwards George IV of the United Kingdom. All his property was entrusted to Monsignor Angelo Cesarini, for distribution. Cesarini sent the Prince of Wales several jewels from Henry's private collection. These included a "Lesser George" insignia (thought to have been worn by Charles I at his execution, and now at Windsor Castle) and a St Andrew's Cross (now at Edinburgh Castle), which is an insignia of the order of the Thistle, and also a ruby ring. +Henry Benedict, his brother, his father and his mother are buried in the crypt of St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. There is a monument to the Royal Stuarts designed by Antonio Canova in the basilica to their memory on one of the columns in the basilica proper. It was recently restored, paid for by Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother. +He was a cardinal elector in the papal conclaves of 1758, 1769, 1774-75 and 1799-1800. + += = = Cam Plante = = = +Cam Plante (born March 12, 1964 in Brandon, Manitoba) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman. He was drafted in the seventh round, 128th overall, by the Toronto Maple Leafs in the 1983 NHL Entry Draft. He played two games in the National Hockey League with the Maple Leafs in the 1984–85 season. +Plante holds the Western Hockey League record for points in a season by a defenceman. He scored 140 points as a member of the Brandon Wheat Kings in the 1983–84 WHL season. He finished his playing career with the Wichita Thunder of the CHL, having returned to North America following four seasons on the United Kingdom. Most of that time was spent with the Peterborough Pirates, but also encompassed short spells with the Chelmsford Chieftains and Humberside Hawks. He is the father of current Florida Panthers prospect Tyler Plante and current Edmonton Oilers prospect Alex Plante. + += = = Tyler Plante = = = +Tyler Plante (born May 17, 1987) is a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender currently with the Rochester Americans of the American Hockey League. +Playing career. +Tyler was drafted by the Florida Panthers in the second round, 32nd overall, in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft. Tyler gained NHL attention playing for the Brandon Wheat Kings of the Western Hockey League and earning the Jim Piggott Memorial Trophy as the top rookie of the WHL in the 2004–05 season. After three full seasons with the Wheat Kings Plante was signed by the Panthers to a three-year entry level contract on June 1, 2007. Since then, he has spent most of his playing time with the Florida Panthers AHL affiliate, the Rochester Americans. +He was recalled up to Florida for a pre-season game at the start of the 2008–09 NHL season, but did not get any playing time and started the season in Rochester. After a lackluster start with the Americans, he was demoted to the ECHL, and spent time with the Dayton Bombers. After spending over two months with the Bombers, he was called back up to Rochester, where he currently plays. +Plante was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and raised in Brandon, Manitoba. Plante was born in while his father Cam was a member of the Milwaukee Admirals. His brother Alex Plante was a first round draft pick of the Edmonton Oilers. + += = = Sargon = = = +Sargon may refer to different rulers. The name "Sargon" is what texts in the Bible use, the people were not known as "Sargon" in their native language: + += = = Urbi et Orbi = = = +Urbi et Orbi ("to the City of Rome and to the World") was a standard opening of proclamations in Imperial Rome. +Now "Urbi et Orbi" refers to a papal address and Apostolic Blessing that is addressed to the City of Rome and to the entire world from the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican. Usually they are only given at Christmas and Easter, but also the first speech of a new pope is Urbi et Orbi, and sometimes one is given to special gatherings of pilgrims in Rome and during Holy Years +The blessing after the speech is given in Latin, and usually many other languages too. Catholics who listen to the blessing, either because they are present at the Vatican or because they are listening to the radio or television broadcasts, have their sins forgiven because the blessing includes a plenary indulgence. + += = = Šarru-kên I = = = +' +Šarru-kên I, also known as "Sargon I" was the 35th king of Assyria. He reigned from 1920 BC to 1881 BC (Middle chronology), or 1856 to 1817 BC (short chronology). He bears the name Sargon with reference to Sargon of Akkad. + += = = Quercus basaseachicensis = = = +Quercus basaseachicensis is a kind of oak tree in the Fagaceae family. It is believed to be a cross of +"Quercus rugosa" and "Quercus depressipes." It is native to Chihuahua and Durango in Mexico, where there are five known small populations; one in Durango and four in Chihuahua. + += = = Ringkøbing = = = +Ringkøbing is a town in Ringkøbing-Skjern municipality in Region Midtjylland on the Jutland peninsula in west Denmark. +As of 1 January 2010, 9,850 people live in the town. +Archeologists believe that the town was started in the 13th century. + += = = Bill Ranford = = = +William Edward Ranford (born December 14, 1966 in Brandon, Manitoba) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender and is the current goaltending coach for the Los Angeles Kings. He graduated from New Westminster Secondary School in 1985. He was selected in the third round of the 1985 NHL Entry Draft, 52nd overall, by the Boston Bruins. Over the course of fifteen NHL seasons, Ranford would play with Boston, the Edmonton Oilers, Washington Capitals, Tampa Bay Lightning, and Detroit Red Wings, winning two Stanley Cups, a Canada Cup, and the 1994 Hockey World Championships while playing for Canada. +Early life and career. +As a child, Ranford took figure skating lessons, before eventually decided to go into goaltending. Because his father was in the armed forces, Ranford lived in Germany for a few years, as well as various places in Canada. He played for local teams in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, Prince Edward Island and Red Deer, Alberta. +Ranford spent his junior career with the New Westminster Bruins, playing two seasons with the team before being drafted by the Boston Bruins in the 3rd round (52nd overall) in the 1985 NHL Entry Draft.. +Ranford's post-draft year, 1985–86, was an eventful one, as Ranford was named to the WHL Second All-Star Team, and saw his first NHL action after the WHL season ended, winning three of four games for Boston, before going 0–2 in the playoffs. +To start the next year, Boston assigned him to the Moncton Golden Flames of the AHL, where he went 3–0 to start the season, and wound up spending the rest of the year with Boston. The replacement of Bruins coach Butch Goring with Terry O'Reilly led to Ranford falling out of favour, and eventually being dealt on March 8, 1988 from the Boston Bruins with Geoff Courtnall to the Edmonton Oilers in exchange for Andy Moog. +Following the trade, he spent most of the next season with the AHL's Maine Mariners, but that would be the last time he would play at the minor-league level. +NHL career. +Ranford won his first Stanley Cup in 1988, as the backup to Grant Fuhr. However, in 1990 despite constant comparisons to the injured Fuhr, Ranford emerged as a first-rate goaltender, leading the Oilers to the Stanley Cup and winning the Conn Smythe Trophy (playoff MVP) in the process. It was the last cup that the Edmonton Oilers dynasty would win. Ranford went on to play the next six seasons in Edmonton, before being dealt back to the Boston Bruins on January 11, 1996 for Mariusz Czerkawski, Sean Brown, and a 1st Round Pick in the 1996 Entry Draft (Matthieu Descoteaux). +After less than two seasons with Boston, Ranford was dealt to the Washington Capitals on March 1, 1997 with Adam Oates and Rick Tocchet for Jason Allison, Anson Carter, Jim Carey, a conditional draft pick in the 1998 Entry Draft, and a 3rd Round Pick in the 1997 Entry Draft (Lee Goren). In 1998 the Washington Capitals advanced to the Stanley Cup Finals, it was Ranfords third trip to the finals. On June 18, 1998, he was dealt to the Tampa Bay Lightning for a 2nd Round Pick in the 1999 Entry Draft and a 3rd Round Pick in the 1998 Entry Draft (Todd Hornung). +He began the season with the Tampa Bay Lightning, but was traded to the Detroit Red Wings on March 23, 1999 for a conditional draft pick. It was the second deal between the Tampa Bay Lightning and the Detroit Red Wings that day. The prior trade brought Wendel Clark and a draft pick to the Detroit Red Wings and Goaltender Kevin Hodson and a draft pick to the Tampa Bay Lightning. The Wendel Clark trade made the Bill Ranford deal happen. +His final year in the NHL was 2000, where Ranford returned to Edmonton as a free-agent backing up Tommy Salo before announcing his retirement on April 24. +Post-NHL career. +Ranford acted in the movie "Miracle", performing the on-ice scenes as the goaltender for Team USA, Jim Craig, while Eddie Cahill performed the off-ice scenes. Ranford also played net for the Edmonton Oilers alumni team at the Heritage Classic, the first outdoor regular season game in NHL history. Ranford (14 saves) and Grant Fuhr (11 saves) took turns in goal and held the Montreal Canadiens alumni team scoreless in a 2–0 victory. +Bill served as the Goalie Coach for the WHL Vancouver Giants for the 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 seasons. +On July 10, 2006 he was named the goaltending coach of the Los Angeles Kings and continues to hold that position. +He is also a part-owner of the Coquitlam Express of the British Columbia Hockey League (Tier II Junior). + += = = Sargon II = = = +Sargon II (, "legitimate king", reigned 722 – 705 BC) was an Assyrian king. Sargon II became co-regent with Shalmaneser V in 722 BC. Shalmaneser V died in 722 BC. From then on, Sargon II was the only ruler of Assyria. It is not clear if he was the son of Tiglath-Pileser III or a usurper unrelated to the royal family. In his inscriptions, he styles himself as a new man and rarely talks about his predecessors. He nevertheless took the name "Sharru-kinu" ("true king"), after Sargon of Akkad — who had founded the first Semitic Empire in the region about 16 centuries earlier. "Sargon" is the Biblical form of the name. + += = = Biłgoraj = = = +Biłgoraj is a town in south-eastern Poland. Since 1999, it has been a part of the Lublin Voivodeship; it was previously a part of the Zamość Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is located 90 km south of Lublin and it is also the capital of Biłgoraj County. +In 2006, 27,225 people lived in Biłgoraj. + += = = Bryce Salvador = = = +Bryce Chad Salvador (born February 11, 1976 in Brandon, Manitoba) is a former Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman that played for the New Jersey Devils of the NHL. He also played for the St. Louis Blues. Salvador was drafted in the sixth round, 138th overall by the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 1994 NHL Entry Draft. + += = = Lewis and Harris = = = +Lewis and Harris in the Outer Hebrides make up the largest island in Scotland. With an area of , this is the largest single island of the British Isles after Great Britain and Ireland. +The northern part of the island is called Lewis, the southern is Harris and both are frequently referred to as if they were separate islands. The boundary between Lewis and Harris is formed by a line with Loch Resort on the west and Loch Seaforth on the east. The main town is Stornoway in Lewis. +The island does not have a common name in either English or Scottish Gaelic and is referred to as 'Lewis and Harris'. Until 1975, Lewis belonged to the county of Ross and Cromarty and Harris to Inverness-shire. The entire island group now belongs to the Western Isles Council. +The island is the ancestral homeland of the Highland Clan MacLeod, and the Clan Morrison. + += = = Station wagon = = = +The station wagon, or estate, is a variant of sedan. The difference between station wagons and regular sedans is that the station wagon has no trunk. The roofs are extended backwards over a shared passenger or cargo volume with access in the back (like in hatchbacks, minivans, SUVs, and passenger vans). +The first station wagons were built around 1910. Their frames were built out of wood. By the 1950s, the wood was replaced with fake wood. +Station wagons became less popular because of the 1973 oil crisis in the United States. Station wagons have been mostly replaced by minivans/MPVs, SUVs, and crossovers. Modern station wagons include Subaru Forester, Mercedes-AMG E63 and several Audi automobiles. Other modern station wagons include the Mercedes-Benz E450 and Volvo 460. + += = = Chevrolet Silverado = = = +The Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra are pickup trucks manufactured from General Motors. The Chevrolet Silverado first began around 1998, although the name Silverado actually got its use on pickup trucks beginning in 1975. + += = = Chuck Scherza = = = +Chuck Scherza (February 15, 1923 – March 16, 2014) is a former professional ice hockey player who played 11 seasons in the American Hockey League, winning a Calder Cup championship in 1949. He was born in Brandon, Manitoba. + += = = Servant of God = = = +Servant of God is a title given to individuals by different religions, but in general the phrase is used to describe a person believed to be pious in his or her faith tradition. In the Catholic Church, it designates someone who is being investigated by the Church for possibly being recognized as a saint. In the Eastern Orthodox churches, this term is used to refer to any Eastern Orthodox Christian. +The Arabic name Abdullah ��� ����, the Hebrew name Obadiah ������ and the German name Gottschalk literally mean "servant of God". +Roman Catholicism. +"Servant of God" is the title given to a deceased person of the Catholic Church whose life and works are being investigated in consideration for official recognition by the Pope and the Catholic Church as a saint in Heaven. +The process for canonization is under the jurisdiction of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints. +The title "Servant of God" () should not be confused with "Servus Servorum Dei" (Servant of the Servants of God), one of the titles of the Pope. +Receiving the title "Servant of God" is the first of the four steps in the canonization process. The next step is being declared "Venerable", upon a decree of heroicity or martyrdom by the honored. This is followed by beatification, with the title of "Blessed", after the confirmation of miracles attributed to the honored. The final step is canonization, where the honored would receive the title of "Saint". + += = = Venerable = = = +The Venerable is used as a style in several Christian churches. It is also the common English-language translation of a number of Buddhist titles. +Roman Catholic. +In the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church, "The Venerable," is the style used for a person who has been posthumously declared "heroic in virtue" during the investigation and process leading to possible canonization as a saint. Before a person is considered to be "venerable," he or she must be declared as such by a proclamation, approved by the Pope, of having lived a life that was "heroic in virtue" – the virtues being the Theological Virtues of faith, hope, and charity and the Cardinal Virtues of prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance. The next step is beatification, at which point the person is referred to as "The Blessed", and finally canonization, at which point the person is referred to as "Saint". Two modern and well-known examples of those who have been declared venerable are Popes John Paul II and Pius XII, who were both declared venerable by Pope Benedict XVI in December 2009, and who are likely to be beatified soon. +The 7-8th-century English monk St. Bede was referred to as being "venerable" soon after his death and, by tradition, is therefore often referred to as "the Venerable Bede" despite his also having been canonized. St Bede was the first person to be recorded as "The Venerable". + += = = Jane Pauley = = = +Margaret "Jane" Pauley (born October 31, 1950) is a news anchor and reporter. She hosted "NBC Today" between 1976 and 1989 and "Dateline NBC" starting in 1992 and ending in 2003. Pauley was born in Indianapolis. + += = = Burrito = = = +A burrito is a traditional Mexican dish. It is based on a tortilla filled with foods such as meat, beans or cheese. In the United States, however, there are usually several ingredients. They use foods such as Mexican rice, beans, lettuce, salsa (such as pico de gallo), meat (such as carne asada), avocado, cheese, and sour cream. + += = = Port of Gladstone = = = +The Port of Gladstone is a seaport in Gladstone, Queensland. It exports the fourth largest amount of coal of any seaport in the world. +The port has several different parts to it. Auckland Point was where coal began to be exported in 1925. +Later, live horses were moved there in the mid-1930s. Barney Point was used to export coal from Moura. Barney Point was made part of the Port of Gladstone in November 1998. +The Fisherman’s Landing part was opened in 1980. It was expanded in the 1990s and is planned to be expanded more. Boyne Wharf is used by the Boyne Island aluminium smelter and was opened in August 1982. The South Trees part of the port have been used by Queensland Alumina Limited, an aluminum company. The RG Tanna Coal Terminal was opened in 1997 and is used to export coking coal to Japanese steel mills. + += = = Lawrence massacre = = = +The Lawrence Massacre (also known as Quantrill's Raid) was an attack on the town of Lawrence, Kansas on August 21, 1863. The attack was a battle in the U.S. Civil War. The Confederates won the battle. They won because groups of guerillas led by William Quantrill rode into town and shot every man they saw. They killed about 150 people. +The guerillas attacked Lawrence because the city supported abolition and because it was a center for the Jayhawkers. The Jayhawkers were free-state militia groups known for attacking plantations in the pro-slavery western counties of Missouri. +Background. +By 1863, there had been a lot of violence in Kansas. This is because people disagreed about whether Kansas should allow slavery or not. +In the summer of 1856, the first sacking of Lawrence started a guerrilla war in Kansas that lasted for years. John Brown might be the most famous person involved in the violence of the late 1850s that fought on the abolitionist or Jayhawker side. However, there were many groups on each side that fought during the "Bleeding Kansas" period. +By the beginning of the American Civil War, Lawrence was already a target for pro-slavery violence. This is because Lawrence was the biggest anti-slavery city in the state. It was also where the Union and Jayhawkers started attacks into Missouri. At first, the town and area around it were very prepared. They reacted strongly to any rumors that pro-slavery people might be coming to Lawrence. However, by the summer of 1863, this never happened, so the people did not fear much, and they forgot about their defenses. +Reasons for the attack. +Revenge for Jayhawker attacks. +Lawrence was a headquarters for a group of Jayhawkers (sometimes called "Red Legs"). They had started a campaign in late March 1863. They had a goal to end support from the people for the Confederate guerillas. Union General Blunt said the actions of the soldiers were as if "a reign of terror started, and no man's property was safe, nor was his life worth much if he fought them in their plans to rob and steal." Many Jayhawker leaders like Charles "Doc" Jennison, James Montgomery, and George Henry Hoyt attacked Western Missouri. This made both pro-southern and pro-Union civilians and politicians angry. The historian Albert Castel says that the bushwhackers under Quantrill also wanted to steal, but revenge was their main reason. +Survivors confirmed the feeling of revenge in the attack on Lawrence. Albert Castel wrote, "all the ladies and others who talked with the butchers of the 21st ult." said that "they were here to revenge the wrongs done their families by our men under Lane, Jennison, Anthony and Co." Charles L. Robinson, the first Governor of Kansas, was an eyewitness to the attack. He said the attack happened for revenge: "Before this raid the entire border counties of Missouri had experienced more terrible outrages (events) than ever the Quantrill raid at Lawrence... There was no burning of feet and torture by hanging in Lawrence as there was in Missouri, neither were women and children outraged." Robinson explained that Quantrill chose Lawrence because Jayhawkers had attacked Missouri "as soon as [started]," and Lawrence was the "headquarters for the thieves and their plunder." +Quantrill said that his reason for the attack was "to steal and destroy the town as revenge for Osceola." He was talking about the Union's attack on Osceola, Missouri in September 1861. Senator James H. Lane led it. His forces plundered Osceola, gave nine men a drumhead court-martial trial, and executed them. +Destruction of the Women's Prison in Kansas City. +The collapse of the Women's Prison in Kansas City is also often believed to have made some people want to join in on the attack. To try to stop the Missouri guerrillas from being in Kansas, General Thomas Ewing, Jr. issued "General Order No. 10" in April 1863. This ordered anyone helping or comforting the Confederate guerrillas to be arrested. This mostly meant women or girls who were relatives of the guerrillas. Ewing sent the arrested people to some makeshift prisons in Kansas City. The women were then kept in two buildings which were either too small or too dirty. Then they were moved to an empty building at 1425 Grand Boulevard. This building was part of the estate of Robert S. Thomas, George Caleb Bingham's father-in-law. In 1861, Bingham and his family were living in the building. However, in early 1862, he and his family moved to Jefferson City when he was chosen to be the treasurer of Missouri. Bingham had added a third level to the building to use as a studio. +At least ten women or girls, all under the age of 20, were prisoners in the building when it collapsed on August 13, 1863, killing four: Charity McCorkle Kerr, Susan Crawford Vandever, Armenia Crawford Selvey, and Josephine Anderson—the 15-year-old sister of William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson. A few days later, Nannie Harris died from her wounds. The people who did not die from the collapse were Jenny Anderson (injured by the accident), Susan Anne Mundy Womacks, Martha "Mattie" Mundy, Lucinda "Lou" Mundy Gray, Elizabeth Harris (later married to Deal), and Mollie Grindstaff. Anderson's 13-year-old sister, who was stuck to a ball-and-chain inside the jail, got many injuries, including two broken legs. +Even before the jail fell, the arrest and planned deportation of the girls had made Quantrill's guerrillas angry; George Todd left a note for General Ewing threatening to burn Kansas City unless the girls were freed. Quantrill's raid on Lawrence was planned before the jail collapse, and even before General Ewing issued "General Order No. 10". However, the deaths of the guerrillas' female relatives made the raiders want to kill people even more during the attack. +Attack. +A man from Hesper named Henry Thompson tried to run to Lawrence to tell the people there that an attack was coming. He was able to run all the way to Eudora before he was too tired. An unknown man riding a chaise came across Thompson to ask if he needed help. Thompson told him that he ran all the way from Hester, and that he needed to warn Lawrence. Thompson and the man were able to get some people from Eudora to go to Lawrence to warn of an attack. They were too late. +Around 450 guerrillas came near Lawrence shortly after 5 a.m. One of the first deaths was a pastor, Samuel S. Snyder. He was outside milking his cows when the guerillas shot him. Their first goal was to get to the Eldridge House, a big brick hotel in the middle of Lawrence. They gained control of the building (which became Quantrill's headquarters during the raid). After that, Quantrill's men went into smaller groups that spread throughout Lawrence. For the next four hours, the raiders pillaged and burned 25% of the buildings in Lawrence. They burned all businesses except for two. They looted most of the banks and stores in town. They killed more than 150 people. All of the victims were men and boys. Some sources say 183 people were killed. An 1897 source says that among the dead were 18 of 23 untrained army recruits. By 9 a.m., the raiders were leaving Lawrence. +Mayor George W. Collamore hid in his family's well so that the guerillas would not find him. However, they set his house on fire, and he died from breathing in smoke. After the massacre, a friend of Collamore's named Lowe went into the well to find him. The rope he was holding onto broke, and he also died in the well. +Several groups of guerillas came to judge Louis Carpenter's house. They took everything he owned, but he persuaded them to not kill him nor burn his house. Another group of guerillas came and asked him where he was from. He said he was from New York. One of the guerillas said, "It's you New York [people] that are doing all of the mischief". When the guerilla took out his revolver to shoot Carpenter, Carpenter ran back into his house. The guerillas chased him into his house, upstairs, and then back downstairs, shooting at him. Carpenter ran into the basement, but he was bleeding. They found him, and the guerillas chased him outside and shot him. His wife Mary used her body to protect him. A guerilla walked around her to find a place to shoot under her. He lifted her arm and aimed his revolver under it. He fired his gun so that she could see the bullet enter Carpenter's head. Then, the guerillas set the house on fire. His wife's sister was able to stop the fire however. +George Burt was standing near a fence when a guerilla came to him. The guerilla asked for all of his money. When Burt gave the guerilla his pocket book, the guerilla took it with one hand and shot Burt with the other. +A German man named Phillip Albach was sick, laying in bed. Guerillas demanded the family clear the house so they could burn it. The family carried Albach outside on a mattress and laid him in the yard. When the guerillas came out of the house, they killed him on his bed. +Reverend Hugh Dunn Fisher tried to run away from his home with his two sons. Fisher was sick, so he was unable to run. He went back into his house and hid under the stairs in his basement. When some guerillas came into the house, they demanded his wife Elizabeth let them look in the basement. They could not see Fisher in the darkness. When they left, they set the house on fire and watched it burn. They hoped that if Fisher was hiding inside, he would run outside so they could kill him. Elizabeth covered Fisher in an old dress and a carpet, and carried him out of the house. She covered him in the carpet and dress so that it would look like she was simply trying to save her belongings from the fire. Fisher hid under the carpet until the guerillas left, and all of the family lived. +The raiders wanted revenge, so they had a list of people they wanted to kill and buildings they wanted to burn. James H. Lane was at the top of the list. Lane was a military leader and a supporter of the Jayhawkers. Lane escaped by running through a cornfield while wearing his nightshirt. John Speer was one of Lane's biggest political supporters. Lane had put Speer into the newspaper business. Speer was also on the list. Charles L. Robinson, first governor of Kansas and an abolitionist, may also have been on the list. However, he was not killed. +Many said that Quantrill's decision to kill young boys was a very bad part of the attack. Bobbie Martin is generally said to be the youngest person who died. Some stories of the raid say he may have been as young as ten to twelve years old, but others say he was fourteen years old. Most sources say he was wearing a Union soldier uniform or clothing made from his father's uniform, but others say he was holding a musket and cartridges. Most of Quantrill's guerrilla fighters were teenagers. One of the youngest was Riley Crawford. He was thirteen years old when his mother took him to Quantrill after Union soldiers shot her husband and burned her home. +The "Kansas State Journal" was the first newspaper in Lawrence to continue publishing after the attack. They released their first copy on October 1, 1863. In it, it said that every business in Lawrence had been sacked; every business except five had been burned; every house in Lawrence had been plundered; 160 men and boys had been killed. The Leavenworth "Daily Conservative," on August 23, 1863, said that the guerrillas caused $2,000,000 worth of damage, and stole $250,000 worth of money. +Aftermath. +The Lawrence massacre was one of the bloodiest events in the history of Kansas. The Plymouth Congregational Church in Lawrence wasn't destroyed, but many of its members were killed. Also, many of its records were destroyed. +A day after the attack, some of the people of Lawrence lynched Thomas Corlew, a member of Quantrill's raiders who was still in Lawrence. They believed he was a spy. They hanged him in a barn on Massachusetts Street. +After the attack, Quantrill brought his men south to Texas for the winter. By the next year, however, the raiders broke up as a group. They were unable to get similar successes. Quantrill died of wounds he got in Kentucky in 1865. By that point, he had only a few supporters left. Frank James and his younger brother, Jesse James were some of his supporters. +After Quantrill's attack, the Union built multiple military posts on Mount Oread. They built these to help guard the rebuilt city. However, no more attacks happened in Lawrence, and these forts were removed. + += = = Pedro Álvares Cabral = = = +Pedro Álvares Cabral (c. 1467 or 1468 Belmonte – c. 1520 Santarém) was a Portuguese nobleman, navigator and explorer who was the first European to see Brazil (on 22 April 1500). +King Manuel I of Portugal sent Cabral on an expedition to India. +Cabral sailed on 9 March 1500, with 13 ships, following the route of Vasco da Gama. +On 22 April 1500, he sighted land (Brazil), claiming it for the Portuguese Crown and naming it the "Island of the True Cross." +King Manuel I renamed this land "Holy Cross"; it was later renamed once again, to "Brazil", after a kind of wood found there, called pau-brasil. +Cabral stayed in Brazil for 10 days and then continued on his way to India, in a dangerous trip with storms, and he suffered the destruction of some ships at the Cape of Good Hope, and fighting against Muslim traders in Calicut, India (50 men of Cabral were killed in this attack). +Cabral successfully traded for spices in Cochin, now called Kozhikode, India (in early January, 1501). +Cabral returned to Portugal on 23 June 1501, with only 5 of the original 13 ships, carrying a big load of spices. +After this journey, King Manuel I appointed Vasco da Gama to head the next expedition (1502) because Cabral refused to command another expedition to India. +Cabral retired to his properties in Santarém. He died in c. 1520 and was buried in a monastery in Santarém, Portugal. + += = = Toyota Sequoia = = = +The Toyota Sequoia is a large SUV made by Toyota. The production of the Sequoia began during 2000. This sport utility vehicle is among the largest vehicles from Toyota. It can seat around seven or eight passengers. + += = = Mandaue City Central School = = = +Mandaue City Central School is the oldest school in Mandaue, in Cebu, Philippines. It is an elementary school. The school occupies an area of more than . It belongs to the Central District council. For several decades, Mandaue City Central School stood as the only school in the Central District until three schools were established sometime in the 1990s. The first building, the Gabaldon Building, was built in 1904 which is still in use. + += = = Battle of Mine Creek = = = +The Battle of Mine Creek (also known as the Battle of the Osage) was a battle in the American Civil War. In total, 1,300 people were killed. The battle was fought in Linn County, Kansas. + += = = Wilson prime = = = +A Wilson prime is a special kind of prime number. A prime number "p" is a Wilson prime if (and only if [ formula_1 ]) +formula_2 +where "n" is a positive integer (sometimes called natural number). Wilson primes were first described by Emma Lehmer. +The only known Wilson primes are 5, 13, and 563 ; if any others exist, they must be greater than 5. It has been conjectured that there are an infinite number of Wilson primes, and that the number of Wilson primes in an interval formula_3 is about +formula_4. +Compare this with Wilson's theorem, which states that every prime "p" divides ("p" − 1)! + 1. + += = = Honda Odyssey = = = +The Honda Odyssey is a minivan that has been made by Honda since 1994. From 1994 to 1999, it was also sold as the Isuzu Oasis. A larger version of the minivan has been available since 1999 in North America. It was redesigned in 2005, 2011, and 2018. The 2015 model was awarded the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety's top rated pick because of its collision avoidance system. + += = = Short-faced bear = = = +Short-faced bears belong to the Tremarctinae subfamily of bears. There is one living representative, the spectacled bear ("Tremarctos ornatus") of South America. Extinct members include "Arctodus, Arctotherium", "Plionarctos" and the Florida spectacled bear ("Tremarctos floridanus"). Of these, the giant short-faced bears ("Arctodus simus" and "Arctotherium angustidens") may have been the largest ever predators in the Americas. +Evolution. +The group evolved in eastern North America from "Plionarctos", and then spread across the Americas as part of the Great American Interchange. Most short-faced bears became extinct at the end of the Pleistocene. +The medium sized "Arctodus pristinus" and "Tremarctos floridanus" inhabited much of North America in the Early Pleistocene. While a fragmentary "Arctotherium" is first found from El Salvador, the next fossils are of the gigantic "Arctotherium angustidens" in Argentina, from around 1 million years ago. "Arctotherium angustidens" was possibly the largest predatory land mammal ever. +In the Middle Pleistocene, "Arctodus pristinus" evolved into "Arctodus simus", which inhabited most of North America, from Alaska to Mexico. "Arctotherium angustidens" was replaced by smaller, medium-sized species- first "Arctotherium vetustum", then by "Arctotherium bonariense" and "Arctotherium tarijense". "Arctotherium wingei" was the only known species of "Arctotherium" to inhabit tropical South America and Central America. +Biology. +Short-faced bears were either smaller and mostly herbivorous bears inhabiting forested habitats, such as "Arctotherium wingei" and "Tremarctos ornatus", or omnivores adapted for more open habitats, such as "Arctotherium angustidens" and "Arctodus simus". +Although the two giant species appear similar, both species had key differences. While "Arctodus simus" inhabited most of North America for over a million years, "Arctotherium angustidens" has only been found in the Southern Cone, from open plains habitat. Also, while "Arctodus simus" varied its diet between mostly eating meat in Alaska to omnivory elsewhere, "Arctotherium angustidens" had similar rates of eating meat across specimens, according to studies of its bone chemistry. +Additionally, the much more slender bones of "Arctodus", in contrast with the robust "Arctotherium angustidens", have puzzled researchers. However, the extinctions scavenger-niche mega-carnivores in their habitats could have been a shared reason for evolving gigantism in "Arctodus" and "Arctotherium". +"Arctodus" and "Tremarctos" share characteristics common to herbivorous bears. These were either ancestral traits of the group, or clues to their preferred diets. "Arctotherium" was more closely related to the spectacled bear than to "Arctodus", implying convergent evolution of large size in the two lineages. +Taxonomy. +The following taxonomy of the short-faced bears follow Mitchell et al. (2016): + += = = Arctodus = = = +Arctodus is an extinct genus of short-faced bear endemic to North America during the Pleistocene era about 2.5 million years ago to 12,800 years ago. There were two species, "Arctodus pristinus" and "Arctodus simus". +The giant short-faced bear, "Arctodus simus", evolved from "Arctodus pristinus" during the middle Pleistocene of North America, around 1.3 million years ago. Both species were omnivorous, feeding on tall vegetation and large mammals. "Arctodus simus" might have been the largest predatory land mammal that ever lived in North America. +Habitat. +Both species of "Arctodus" lived in different habitats, with "Arctodus pristinus" preferred dense forests in eastern North America, and "Arctodus simus" inhabiting open forests in western North America. However, after the extinction of "Arctodus pristinus", the giant short-faced bear spread east in small numbers. +"Arctodus pristinus" was particularly common on the east coast, with the largest concentrations being in Florida. Additional finds are from Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Kansas and Aguascalientes (Mexico). +"Arctodus simus" lived in much of North America, ranging from Alaska to Puebla in the west, to Virginia and Florida in the east. This species is first found in California, and was most common in the savannas and of the western United States and Mexico, where many other megafauna lived. +Fossils. +The oldest "Arctodus" fossils are from the Kissimmee River & Santa Fe River paleontological sites in Florida, belonging to "Arctodus pristinus." The first fossils of the "Arctodus simus" were found the Potter Creek Cave in Shasta County, California, by Edward Drinker Cope, with the oldest being from Irvington, California. +Paleontologists have found only one "Arctodus simus" skeleton in Indiana. It is famous because it was the biggest most-nearly complete skeleton of a giant short-faced bear ever found in America. The original bones are in Chicago's Field Museum of Natural History. +Males were much larger than females. When it was standing on its back legs, "Arctodus simus" was tall. A 2010 study estimated the weight of six "Arctodus simus" individuals, with a weight range between and . In comparison, "Arctodus pristinus" specimens have been calculated to an average of ~, although some northern and western "Arctodus pristinus" were the same size as small "Arctodus simus". +Behavior. +Both species were omnivores, browsing on shrubs and trees, and eating browsers like deer, camels, llamas, tapirs, ground sloths, and wood bison, Dental damage from eating carbohydrates, and seeds in "Arctodus simus"' poop proves plants were consumed, while bone damage on prey matches both "Arctodus" species' teeth. Analyses of "Arctodus simus"' bone chemicals confirm that the giant short-faced bear lived in open forests and other vegetated areas, and sometimes ate other open forest inhabitants. +Past research. +One theory was that the giant short-faced bear was an active predator, attacking herbivores directly. Another theory was that it let faster predators make the kill, then bullied them off the carcass, being a scavenger. Finally, anatomy led some to believe it was a herbivore. Modern research establishes all three behaviors were present in "Arctodus simus". +Previous theories also suggested that brown bears caused the extinction of "Arctodus simus", and that the giant short-faced bear prevented people from migrating into North America. However, these ideas have been rejected, with new dates confirming both co-existed with "Arctodus simus". +Extinction. +The replacement of hot & humid forests with open habitats, along with competition with black bears and "Tremarctos floridanus", led to the extinction of "Arctodus pristinus" 300,000 years ago. "Arctodus simus" went extinct around 12,800 years ago, which was likely due to ecological collapse leading to fewer prey and quality vegetation. + += = = Typhoon Mike = = = +Super Typhoon Mike (international designation: 9025, JTWC designation: 27W, PAGASA name: Ruping) was the strongest and deadliest typhoon of the 1990 Pacific typhoon season as it crossed the Philippines in November. +Meteorological history. +An area of persistent convection over the Caroline Islands was first noted in the Significant Tropical Weather Advisory on November 6. As it headed westward, its outflow rapidly improved, with banding and a more circular cloud pattern. The organization continued, and it was upgraded to Tropical Depression 27W on the 7th. Early on the 8th, the depression strengthened to Tropical Storm Mike near the island of Yap. +Mike continued its westward movement and its intensification rate, and became a typhoon early on November 9, the 18th of the season. At this time, a weakness in the subtropical ridge, which kept the storm on its westward movement, was bring Mike northward. This did not occur, and Mike kept its persistent westward motion. On November 10, the typhoon rapidly intensified, reaching peak winds of 165 mph later that day. In a 48-hour period, the typhoon deepened 99 millibars to a minimum central pressure of 915 mb. +Mike retained its intensity of 165 mph winds for a day as it approached the Philippines. Fortunately for the archipelago, the combination of an eyewall replacement cycle and land interaction to its west weakened the super typhoon. Nevertheless, Mike still hit the eastern Philippines as a 140 mph typhoon on November 12. The typhoon further weakened to an 85 mph typhoon while crossing the islands, but in the South China Sea, conditions favored slight strengthening. +Mike reached a secondary peak of 95 mph winds on November 14, but land interaction with Vietnam again weakened it to a minimal typhoon. The forecast break in the subtropical ridge finally occurred on the 15th, causing a northwest motion. Vertical shear increased, weakening Mike to a tropical storm on the 16th. Early the next day, the storm passed over western Hainan Island, and degraded to a tropical depression that night. After a brief passage over the Gulf of Tonkin Mike hit southern China where it dissipated on November 18. +Impact. +While crossing the western Caroline Islands, Mike proved to be quite destructive. Extensive damage occurred to the islands, but no deaths occurred and only one injury was reported. +The Philippines did not fare so well. The typhoon's heavy rainfall produced mudslides which, combined with the heavy wind damage, resulted in over $14 million in damage (1990 USD, $20.8 million 2005 USD). Over 748 people were reported killed, making Mike the most destructive typhoon for the Philippines since Typhoon Ike in 1984, which killed over 1,000 people. President Corazon Aquino declared a state of calamity in the Visayas. +Typhoon Mike's damage to the infrastructure of the city and province of Cebu forced its local leaders to rethink governmental priorities. A conscious effort to rebuild after the damage was promoted, resulting into the boom of the economy of Cebu, dubbed CEBOOM. +Due to the destruction in the Philippines, the name Mike was retired and was replaced by Manny. Its PAGASA name, Ruping, was also retired. + += = = Control variable = = = +A control variable is something in an experiment that is kept the same. Having control variables means that the experiment will be a fair test. +The Control Variable is often used with the independent and dependent variables. + += = = Negative feedback = = = +Negative feedback is a basic concept of cybernetics; it is the basis of regulation and control. It is important in engineering and physiology. In biology and physiology negative feedback is known as homeostasis. +Negative feedback occurs when the output of a system acts to oppose changes to the input of a system. This has the result that the changes are made less, and the system kept within limits. The classic example is a central heating system which cuts off when a (suitably placed) temperature sensor hits a pre-set mark. The negative feedback part is the thermostat. +Homeostasis. +Virtually all aspect of living systems involve homeostasis, and disease follows when any of these systems fail. Examples include blood pressure, glucose level, liver functions, and cell division. +Homeostasis was defined by Claude Bernard and later by Walter Bradford Cannon in 1926, 1929 and 1932 as the property of a system, either open or closed, that regulates its internal environment and tends to maintain a stable, constant condition. The concept came from that of "milieu interieur" which was created by Claude Bernard and published in 1865. +If the overall feedback of the system is negative, then the system will tend to be stable. + += = = 980 = = = +980 was a leap year. + += = = Vorarlberg = = = +Vorarlberg (Vorarlbergian: "Vorarlbearg", "Voralbärg", or "Voraadelbearg") is the westernmost federal state in Austria. The capital is Bregenz. The biggest cities are Feldkirch and Dornbirn. As of 2016, there were about 384,000 people. +It is the only province in Austria that does not speak Austro-Bavarian. Instead they speak an Alemannic dialect. This makes it more in common with its Alemannic-speaking neighbors Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Swabia than with Bavaria and the rest of Austria. +The highest mountain is Piz Buin. The main rivers in Vorarlberg are the Ill, the Bregenzer Ach and the Dornbirner Ach. +78% of the population is Roman Catholic. The second most follow Islam which has a share of 8.4%. +Vorarlberg is divided into four large districts. They are Bregenz, Dornbirn, Feldkirch and Bludenz. +On land, Vorarlberg has borders with Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany. The respextive states are the Swiss cantons of St.Gallen and Graubünden, and the German state of Bavaria. Lake Constance is special, there are no borders apart fro the borders on land. Legally, all the states that share this lake, also have a common border. That way, Vorarlberg also has a common border with the German state of Baden-Württemberg, and the Swiss canton of Thurgau. + += = = Princess of Wales = = = +Princess of Wales () is a royal title used in the United Kingdom. It is held by the wife of the Prince of Wales. It has been used since the first English Prince of Wales, in 1283. +The current Princess of Wales is Catherine, the wife of William, Prince of Wales. +There have been only ten Princesses of Wales, even though there have been a lot more than ten male heirs to the throne. The majority of Princes of Wales married after acceding to the throne as King. A number of other Princes of Wales died too young to marry. +Until 2022, the second wife of the past Prince of Wales, Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, was the Princess of Wales, but did not use the title, out of respect for her husband's first wife, the late Diana, Princess of Wales. +The princess is usually entitled to the style of Her Highness. + += = = Goh Kun = = = +Goh Gun (; hanja ��; born January 2, 1938 ) is a Korean politicians and civil servants. +Career. +Goh is best known as Interior Minister, Agriculture Minister, and Prime Minister of South Korea. He was also mayor of Seoul. +He served as Acting President of Korea in 2004. + += = = Flip Wilson = = = +Clerow "Flip" Wilson Jr. (8 December 1933 – 25 November 1998) was an African-American comedian whose career was successful in the 1960s and 1970s. He is perhaps best known for his television variety series The Flip Wilson Show, which earned him a Golden Globe and two Emmy Awards. +On November 25, 1998, Wilson died from liver cancer in Malibu, California, aged 64. + += = = Defense mechanism = = = +Defense mechanism is a psychological concept of the mind. It is the coping technique individuals unconsciously use to protect themselves from getting hurt in unpleasant situations (e.g. conflicts, unhappiness). Without defense mechanisms, people may suffer from psychological and mental illness. + += = = Chevrolet Volt = = = +The Chevrolet Volt is an American plug-in hybrid car. The car was first produced in 2011 and is made by the Chevrolet division of General Motors. This vehicle travels 25 to 50 miles (38 miles average) on electric power alone. After the battery is depleted, it switches to the extended range mode. +In the United States, the car has a suggested price of $34,185, but qualifies for a $7500 tax credit. It can carry up to four people (including the driver). A second generation arrived in 2015. It stopped in 2019. The first generation Volt was produced 2011-2016, while the second 2016-2019. +Design. +The Volt has 16.5 kWh of lithium batteries and a 1.4 liter engine using premium fuel. The batteries have enough power to drive the car normally (it can go from 0 to 60 mph in 9 seconds). While the batteries have power, the car is like an electric car. +When the batteries run out of charge, they can be recharged from a special electrical outlet, or the car can turn on the gas engine. The gas engine and electric motors combine in a special type of transmission called a planetary gear, like the Toyota Prius. This allows the gas engine to drive the car or to change its power to electricity. The electricity can charge the battery or power the electric motor. +Fuel efficiency. +How much gas is used depends on how the car is driven and when the batteries are recharged. It is possible to only use electric power and never use gasoline. The EPA estimates the average person will get 98 miles per gallon (including the equivalent cost of electricity). +Recharging. +The batteries can be recharged in 10 to 16 hours using a 120V charging unit (most circuits in a house are at 120V). A 240V charging unit will recharge the car batteries in four hours. The batteries can also be charged from the gas engine or from the "regenerative" brakes, which turn the energy of the moving car into electricity. + += = = La Brea Tar Pits = = = +The La Brea tar pits (or Rancho La Brea) are a famous cluster of tar pits in central Los Angeles. Complete skeletons of many thousands of large animals have been found here. They date mostly from 40,000 to 8,000 years ago. +Hancock Park was formed around the tar pits, in the heart of Los Angeles. Asphalt or tar ("brea" in Spanish) has seeped up from the ground here for tens of thousands of years. The tar is often covered with water. Over many centuries, animals that came to drink the water fell in, sank in the tar, and died. In the tar, their bones turned into fossils. +The George C. Page Museum is dedicated to researching the tar pits and displaying specimens from the animals that died there. The La Brea Tar Pits are now a registered National Natural Landmark. +History of the site. +Modern excavations of the bones started in 1913–1915. In the 1940s and 1950s, public excitement was got by the preparation of previously recovered large mammal bones. A later study showed the fossil material was well preserved. They are about 10–20,000 years old, from the last glacial period. +Findings. +At the La Brea Tar Pits, scientists have found the skeletons of many prehistoric species, including: +Only one human has ever been found in the tar pits: a partial skeleton of a woman, dated at about 9,000 BC. Because of the way her skull was crushed, scientists think she was murdered. +Over a million fossils. +Over a million fossils have been recovered from the tar pits. These fossils include individual bones as well as pieces of bone. Scientists estimate that at least 10,000 animals got trapped in the Tar Pits over 30,000 years. These animals belonged to at least 660 different species. This includes at least 135 species of birds, and 59 species of mammals. +Tar pits. +Oil is created when decayed organic matter is underground. It is under pressure. The crude oil seeps upward through fractures, or porous sedimentary rock layers. It may form a pool at the surface. +The lighter parts of the crude oil evaporate into the atmosphere, leaving behind a black, sticky asphalt. Tar pits are often excavated because they contain many fossils. +There are not many of these tar pits in the world, because they only form in these circumstances. The evaporation of the lighter elements in the crude oil is needed to create the sticky tar which traps the animals. Their distress calls are irresistible to the predators which follow them. + += = = Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom = = = +The Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom is the official coat of arms of the British monarch, currently Charles III. These arms are used by the King in his official capacity as monarch of the United Kingdom, and are officially known as his Arms of Dominion. Different versions are used by other members of the Royal Family; and by the British Government in connection with the administration and government of the country. In Scotland, the King has a separate version of the Royal Arms, a variant of which is used by the Scotland Office. +The shield is quartered, depicting in the first and fourth quarters the three passant guardant lions of England; in the second, the rampant lion and double tressure fleury-counter-fleury of Scotland; and in the third, a harp for Ireland. +The version used by the government does not have the helmet or lion, the version used by the government in Scotland does not have the lion or "In Defens" motto. + += = = James Earl Ray = = = +James Earl Ray (March 10, 1928 – April 23, 1998) was the man who was convicted of murdering Martin Luther King, Jr on April 4, 1968. He was sentenced to 99 years in prison. At first he said that he had shot King, but he later said that he did not do it. There are multiple conspiracy theories surrounding the assassination. +Early life. +He was born in Alton, Illinois. He was convicted of burglary, robbery, theft and forgery during the 1950s. +He escaped from prison in 1967. +Death. +He died in Nashville, Tennessee from liver failure caused by hepatitis C. + += = = Leadership = = = +Leadership is an approach where “acts by persons influence other persons in a shared direction/[common goal]” (Seeman, 1960). +Team leadership. +There are two factors in team leadership, they are: Interpersonal and Analytical. The interpersonal factors are : Talk, Evaluation, Assisting and Motivating. The Analytical aspects for problem solving with team leadership are: Focusing, Organizing, Collecting, Understanding and Synthesizing the material. + += = = Deltora Quest = = = +Deltora Quest is three series of books for children by Emily Rodda. It has 15 books overall: the first series "Deltora Quest" has eight books, the second series "Deltora Shadowlands" has three books, and the third series "Dragons of Deltora" has four books. They are all about a group of three friends who try to defeat the evil Shadow Lord and his friends. +Characters. +Lief. +Lief is the son of King Endon and Sharn, who went into hiding disguised as Jarred and Anna before their son was born. Lief was raised as a blacksmith's son in the run-down city of Del after the invasion. On his 16th birthday he set off on the Deltora Quest to find the seven gems of Deltora. In the ends he finds out that he is the heir to the throne and becomes the King of Deltora. At the end of the third series he marries Jasmine and has three children. +Barda. +Barda is a strong bearded man. Before the invasion of the Shadow Lord, he was a guard of the Palace, but then he fled because his mother Min was killed, so he made friends with Endon and Sharn, and pretended to be a beggar for sixteen years, and always guarded Lief when he was in trouble. He accompanied Lief to find the seven gems of the Belt of Deltora. At the end of the last series he married Linden of Broome. +Jasmine. +Jasmine is the daughter of Jarred (Doom) and Anna. She was born in the Forests of Silence, but when she was 7, her parents got taken away by Grey Guards. She lived as an orphan, with Kree and Filli for company. She met Lief and Barda in the Forests of Silence, and helped them get the first jewel, the topaz. After that, her mother Anna appeared to her in spirit form (because the topaz lets you come into contact with the dead)and told Jasmine to travel with Lief and Barda to find the jewels. At the end of the third series she married Lief and had three children. +Kree. +Kree is a raven who used to live in Thaegan's territory, but Thaegen killed his parents so he fled to the Forests of Silence where he met Jasmine. He is very affectionate to Jasmine. He accompanied Jasmine, Lief and Barda on all three quests, warning others of danger by flying ahead. He later became and official messenger bird for the Palace. +Filli. +Filli is a furry grey small creature who Jasmine found in the Forests of Silence. Like, Kree, he loves Jasmine a lot. He accompanied Jasmine, Lief and Barda on all three quests. +Veritas. +Veritas is the amethyst dragon who is very truthful. He helped to destroy the Sister of the West, and he brought up the baby Diamond Dragon, Forta. +Deltora Quest 1. +Forests of Silence. +In the first half of this book, it follows Jarred and Endon, how the King of Deltora died, then Endon became King, Jarred fled from the castle, married Anna, and the Shadow Lord invaded. In the second half of the book, it follows Lief, how on his 16th birthday, he set out on the Deltora Quest to find the gems of Deltora, with Barda, and got paralysed by Wenn, saved by Jasmine, and got the topaz from Gorl. + += = = Yaws = = = +Yaws is a tropical infection of the skin, bones and joints. It is caused by the spirochaete bacterium "Treponema pallidum pertenue". +The disease begins with a round, hard swelling of the skin, two to five centimeters in diameter. The center may break open and form an ulcer. This usually heals after three to six months. After several weeks, or even years later, the joints and bones may become painful, fatigue may develop, and new skin sores may appear. The skin of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet may become thick and break open. The bones (especially those of the nose) may change shape. After five years or more large areas of skin can die. This leaves large scars. +Yaws is spread by touching the fluid from the sores of a person with the disease. The disease is most common among children, who spread it by playing together. +Other similar diseases are caused by different strains of the same bacterium, such as syphilis ("Treponema pallidum pallidum"). Once the lesions have appeared doctors are able to tell it is yaws. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the best method of diagnosis. +The main way of stopping the disease spreading, is by curing those who have it. This stops them passing it on to others. Where the disease is common, treating the entire community is effective. Improving cleanliness and sanitation will also decrease spread. Yaws can be treated with antibiotics. Without treatment, physical deformities happen in 10% of cases. +Yaws is common in at least 14 tropical countries as of 2012. The disease infects only humans. In the 1950s and 1960s the World Health Organization (WHO) nearly destroyed yaws. Since then the number of cases has increased. +One of the first descriptions of the disease was made in 1679 by Willem Piso. Archaeology shows that yaws may have been present among humans as far back as 1.6 million years ago. + += = = Vibrio = = = +Vibrio is a type of gram-negative bacteria that have a curved rod shape, several species of which can cause food poisoning, usually due to eating seafood that has not been cooked enough. They are usually found in saltwater as they cannot survive in freshwater. "Vibrio" can breathe with or without oxygen and do not create spores. All members of the genus can move and have flagella on both ends with or without sheaths. Recent phylogenies have been made based on a group of genes (multi-locus sequence analysis). +The name "Vibrio" comes from Filippo Pacini who isolated microorganisms he called "vibrions" from cholera patients in 1854. + += = = Pele (deity) = = = +Pele was the goddess of fire, dancing, and volcanoes in Hawaiian religion. Pele's husband is Wahielo, also spelled with an "a". +There are several stories about who Pele is. One story says that her sister is the goddess of the ocean. In another story, she lives in a land in the sky. +Pele is well known as a volcano goddess living in the crater of Kilauea on the island of Hawaii. +Pele (Pele), the Hawaiian transmitted to the volcano of goddesses. + += = = Hootie & the Blowfish = = = +Hootie & the Blowfish are an American rock band It formed in 1986. Their first studio album, "Cracked Rear View", was released in 1994. This group became popular in the second half of the 1990s. The group have been semi active since 2008. + += = = Chevrolet Impala = = = +The Chevrolet Impala was a full size car made from the Chevrolet network of General Motors. The name "Impala" comes from the southern African antelope. The car was first produced in 1957, discontinued around 1985 and then resumed for the 1994 model year. From 2000 to 2005, the Impala was a mid-sized sedan and succeeded Chevrolet's dwindling Lumina. The 2006 to present Impala is a full-sized sedan and is sold to the public, the previous generation is restricted to fleet and commercial buyers and is dubbed Impala Ltd. The Impala limited is set to conclude production in 2016. Its final generation, introduced in 2012, went on sale in May 2014 until General Motors discontinued the vehicle in March 2020. + += = = Hydrogenophilaceae = = = +The Hydrogenophilaceae are a family of Betaproteobacteria, with two genera. Like all Proteobacteria, they are gram-negative. "Hydrogenophilus" are thermophilic, growing around 50 °C and obtaining their energy from oxidizing hydrogen. It includes the genera "Hydrogenophilus" and "Thiobacillus" (see below for the removal of certain species). + += = = Coral Sea = = = +The Coral Sea is a small sea off the north east coast of Australia. It has Queensland on its west side and the islands of Vanuatu and New Caledonia on its east. On the north edge is the Solomon Islands, and in the south it joins the Tasman Sea. The Great Barrier Reef is in the Coral Sea. It has a warm climate, it often rains and there are often tropical cyclones. It covers an area of about four times the size of Great Britain. The WWF describe the Coral Sea as being one of the last complete tropical wilderness areas on earth. It has beautiful coral reefs with many different sea creatures including grey and white tip reef sharks, hammerheads, manta rays, tuna, barracuda, turtles, whales and the rare nautilus. +Australia claims many of the islands as part of its 780,000 square kilometre Coral Sea Islands Territory. Most of them are small coral or sand islands, and only one has few people living on it. It has a population of only four. +World War II. +In World War II the Battle of the Coral Sea was the first aircraft carrier battle fought between the United States and Australia against Japan. The battle lasted from 4 May to 8 May 1942. During that time none of the ships saw each other or fired their guns at each other. All the fighting was done by aircraft from the carriers. It is the largest naval battle fought near Australia. It was important because it stopped the Japanese from invading Port Moresby, the capital city of New Guinea. Many people regarded it as the battle that saved Australia. + += = = Gulf of Carpentaria = = = +The Gulf of Carpentaria () is a large, shallow sea surrounded on three sides by northern Australia. Its north edge is the Arafura Sea; the sea between Australia and New Guinea. At its mouth, the Gulf is 590 km wide, and further south, 675 km. The north south distance is more than 700 km. It covers a water area of about 300,000 km2. The gulf is between 55 and 66 meters deep, although there are spots as deep as 82 meters. In the last ice age the Gulf would have been dry land. +Geography. +The land around the Gulf is generally flat and low-lying. To the west is Arnhem Land, the Top End of the Northern Territory, and Groote Eylandt, the largest island in the Gulf. To the east is the Cape York Peninsula. The area to the south, is a part of Queensland) called the Gulf Country or simply "the Gulf." +The climate is hot and humid with two seasons per year. The dry season lasts from about April until November and is has very dry southeast to east winds, caused by winter high pressure systems to the south. The wet season lasts from December to March. Most of the year's rainfall is happens in these months, and many low-lying areas are flooded. The Gulf is also a breeding ground for tropical cyclones from November and April. +In September and October the Morning Glory cloud appears in the Southern Gulf. The best place to see this is in the Burketown area shortly after dawn. +European exploration. +The first known Europen person to visit the area was the Dutch Willem Janszoon "(whose name is also written as Jansz)" in his 1606 voyage. Jan Carstenszoon (or "Carstensz"), visited in 1623 and named the Gulf after Pieter de Carpentier, who was the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies. Abel Tasman also explored the coast in 1644. The area was later explored and mapped by Matthew Flinders in 1802 and 1803. +The first overland expedition to reach the Gulf was the Burke and Wills expedition, led by Robert O'Hara Burke and William John Wills. They left Melbourne in August 1860 and reached the Bynoe River in February 1861. + += = = Le Monde's 100 Books of the Century = = = +"Le Mondes 100 Books of the Century"' is a list of books thought to be the 100 best of the 20th century. The list was made in 1999 by the French retail store Fnac and the Paris newspaper "Le Monde". +Starting with a list of 200 titles made by bookshops and journalists, 17,000 French people answered the question, "Which books have stayed in your memory?" The list includes novels, poetry, theatre, and comic strips. Some received the Nobel Prize in Literature. +The 100 Books of the Century. +Note: Language and Country refer to the author's career generally, not to the book specifically. + += = = Anton de Bary = = = +Heinrich Anton de Bary (26 January 1831 – 19 January 1888) was a German surgeon, botanist, microbiologist, and mycologist (fungal systematics and physiology). +He is considered a founding father of plant pathology (phytopathology) as well as the founder of modern mycology. His extensive and careful studies of the life history of fungi and contribution to the understanding of algae and higher plants were landmarks of biology. +Lichen. +De Bary studied the formation of lichens, the association between a fungus and an alga. He traced the stages through which they grew and reproduced and the adaptations which enabled them to survive drought and winter. He coined the word 'symbiosis' in 1879 in his monograph as "the living together of unlike organisms". He carefully studied the morphology of moulds, yeasts, and fungi and he established mycology as an independent science. +Slime moulds. +de Bary was one of the first people to do research on slime moulds (Myxomycetes). He published a key paper in 1859, and later a book on the subject. + += = = Systematics = = = +Systematics is one of the main fields in biology. It is closely related to taxonomy. +Systematics is the study of the diversification of life on the planet Earth, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time. +Relationships are usually seen as evolutionary trees (cladograms, phylogenetic trees, phylogenies). +Phylogenies have two components, "branching order" (showing group relationships) and "branch length" (showing amount of evolution). Phylogenetic trees of species and higher taxa are used to study the evolution of traits (anatomical or molecular characteristics), and the distribution of organisms (biogeography). Systematics is used to help us understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth. +"Systematic biology" and "taxonomy" are terms that are often confused and used interchangeably. They were defined as follows: +Systematics is the field which (a) provides scientific names for organisms, (b) describes them, (c) preserves collections of them, (d) provides classifications for the organisms, keys for their identification, and data on their distributions, (e) investigates their evolutionary histories, and (f) considers their environmental adaptations. Taxonomy is that part of systematics concerned with topics (a) to (d) above. + += = = Artivism = = = +Artivism combines art and activism. Artivism developed since the Berlin wall collapsed while the anti-globalization and antiwar protests emerged and proliferated. In most of the cases artivists attempt to push political agendas by the means of art and especially, but not only street art. +The years 1967-1968. +Protesting against the War in Vietnam, American "hippies" could use poetry, songs, sittings and other non traditional demonstration techniques. +From The fall of the Berlin Wall (1989) to the 9/11 (2001). +In 1993, Act Up-Paris put a gigantic pink condom on the Concord Obelisk. It was Land art in a way. And it rose interest in France about VIH infection risks. In Mexico the "intergalactic" anonymous Chiapas mouvement used "phony icons", like sub-commander Marcos to attract attention from the media. +Since the 9/11 (2001). +In some cases, in Paris in 2003 for instance, artivists were arrested for acts of political art that verged on property destruction. A typical short term goal of artivists is to reclaim public space, especially by subvertising or destroying ads in urban areas or city transportation systems. Nevertheless, artivists engage in different media like the internet not only for actions which could be described as hacktivism. +Often the acts of artivists can be referred to as part of the larger concept of culture jamming. +Social Centres. +Artivists are often found in social centers. + += = = List of science fiction awards = = = +Several awards are given to authors, editors and illustrators for creating works of science fiction. These awards show that fans or other professionals recognize the quality of stories, novels, movies, illustrations, or other works. Awards are usually given once a year. The list below gives the name of the award, additional information, and the year it began. + += = = Gold Coast, Queensland = = = +The Gold Coast () is the name given to a 57-kilometre long stretch of coast in the south east corner of Queensland, Australia. At the south end is the town of Coolangatta on the border with New South Wales. The north end of the Gold Coast is at Beenleigh and includes South Stradbroke Island. It also includes the foothills of the Great Dividing Range. The Gold Coast is famous for its surf beaches which include Coolangatta, Currumbin, Palm Beach, Burleigh Heads, Miami, Broadbeach, Surfers Paradise and Main Beach. The Gold Coast City is the sixth largest city in Australia with a population of more than 515,000 people (2010). It has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa in the Koeppen climate classification). Summers are hot and wet; winters are warm with moderate rainfall. It is a very popular place for holidays and has its own international airport. Many people go there for the beaches and to visit the theme parks which include Warner Bros. Movie World, Dreamworld, Seaworld and Wet and Wild. +A lot of houses on the Gold Coast are built in canal estates with over 260 kilometers of canals. Q1 is the tallest residential building in the world. Including the spire it reaches 322.5 metres above the street. + += = = Plaza Monumental Román Eduardo Sandia = = = +Plaza Monumental Román Eduardo Sandia also known as the Plaza de Toros de Mérida is a plaza de toros first class located in the city of Mérida, Venezuela being one of the main infrastructure for cultural and artistic events to large scale of the city after the Estadio Olímpico Metropolitano and the fence locations for the bullfights in the frame of the Feria Internacional del Sol. +The Plaza was inaugurated in 1967 to serve as a forum to various events of Ferias del Sol, and has a capacity of 16,000 spectators. +He has received prominent bullfighters like Julian López "El Juli", Francisco Rivera Ordóñez, Juan José "Morante de la Puebla", Miguel Ángel Perera, Enrique Ponce, Francisco Rivera "Paquirrí", Pálomo Lináres, Javier Conde, Manuel Bénitez "El Cordobés", José María Manzanares, Antonio Barrera, Paquito Perlaza, Leonardo Bénitez, Luis Bolivar, David Fandila "El Fandi", Mary Paz Vega, Morenito de Maracay, Nerio Ramirez "El Tovareño", Rafael Orellana, César Vanegas, César Faraco, Eduardo Valenzuela, among others. +But he has also received several Venezuelan and international artists and singers like Juanes, Maná, Desorden Público, Caramelos de Cianuro, Franco De Vita, Paulina Rubio, Chino y Nacho, Don Omar, Tito El Bambino, Molotov, Wisin & Yandel, Dalmata, Vos Veis, Los Hombres G, Aterciopelados, Jorge Celedón, Jean Carlos Centeno, L'squadron, Tecupae, Luis Silva, Armando Martínez, among others. + += = = Angolemi = = = +Angolemi (Turkish: "Taşpınar" or "Angolem" - the old name) is a village in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Its population is 212. Its area is 6.727 km2. It is a village of Lefka Municipality. It is in the Nicosia District of the Republic of Cyprus and Güzelyurt District of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. + += = = Kim Jong-pil = = = +Kim Jong-pil (, January 7, 1926 – June 23, 2018) was a former South Korean politician and general. +He fought in the Korean War. He was the 11th Prime minister of South Korea (1971 to 1975), 31th Prime minister of South Korea (1998 to 2000). first Central Intelligence Agency of South Korea 1961 to 1963. His nickname was 'Unjeong'(Korea:��, hanja:��) or 'JP'. +Kim died on June 23, 2018 in Seoul from respiratory failure at the age of 92. + += = = Vanessa Williams = = = +Vanessa Lynn Williams (born March 18, 1963), known professionally as Vanessa L. Williams or Vanessa Williams, is an American singer, actress, producer and former fashion model. In 1983, she became the first African-American woman crowned Miss America, but a scandal occurred when "Penthouse" bought and published nude photographs of her. She left her title early and was succeeded by the first runner-up, Suzette Charles of New Jersey. Williams earned multiple Grammy, Emmy, and Tony Award nominations. +Williams released her debut album The Right Stuff in 1988, which spawned the hits "The Right Stuff". "The Right Stuff" was a No. 1 on Hot Dance Songs. "Dreamin'" was a No. 1 on R&B and No. 8 on Billboard Hot 100. Her second studio album The Comfort Zone in 1991 topped the Billboard R&B Album Chart, which spawned the Billboard Hot 100 number-one hit "Save the Best for Last". In 1994 she performed on Broadway in the musical Kiss of the Spider Woman. In 1995 she recorded "Colors of the Wind", which became the Oscar-winner for Best Original Song from the Disney animated feature movie "Pocahontas", which reached No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100. +Early life. +Williams was born in Millwood, New York. She is the daughter of music teachers Helen L. (née Tinch) and Milton Augustine Williams, Jr. A DNA test revealed that her ancestry is 23% from Ghana, 17% from the British Isles, 15% from Cameroon, 12% Finnish, 11% Southern European, 7% Togo, 6% Benin, 5% Senegal and 4% Portuguese. Her parents, put on her birth announcement "Here she is: Miss America" +Miss America title. +In September 1983, she became the first African American woman to be crowned Miss America, There was a scandal when Penthouse magazine bought and published nude photographs of her. She gave up her title early and was succeeded by the first runner-up, Suzette Charles of New Jersey. Since then, Vanessa has been successful in every area of her life. +Singing career. +Williams released her debut album "The Right Stuff" in 1988, which spawned the hits "The Right Stuff", a #1 on Hot Dance Songs, and "Dreamin'" a #1 on R&B and #8 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Her second studio album, "The Comfort Zone", in 1991 topped the "Billboard" R&B Album Chart, which spawned the Billboard Hot 100 number-one hit "Save the Best for Last". In 1994, she did her first Broadway musical "Kiss of the Spider Woman". In 1995, she recorded "Colors of the Wind", the Oscar-winner for Best Original Song from the Disney animated feature film "Pocahontas", which went to #4 on the Billboard Hot 100. +Acting career. +Williams' first film acting role was as the co-star of the Arnold Schwarzenegger feature film "Eraser" in 1996. She has also been in movies "Soul Food", "Dance with Me", "The Adventures of Elmo in Grouchland", "Shaft" and "Johnson Family Vacation". From 2006 to 2010, she played the role of the scheming, self-absorbed diva and former supermodel Wilhelmina Slater in the ABC comedy series "Ugly Betty", for which she got three Emmy Awards nominations. In 2009, Williams released her eighth studio album, "The Real Thing". From 2010 to 2012, she starred in "Desperate Housewives" as spoiled rich woman Renee Perry. She currently stars in the supernatural drama series "666 Park Avenue". +Name conflict. +Williams is most often known and publicly recognized simply as "Vanessa Williams". There is, however, occasional confusion with similarly named actress Vanessa A. Williams, who is just two months younger. +It has been reported that Williams first became aware of Vanessa A. in the 1980s when her New York University registrar told her that another, similarly aged student with the same name and from the same state had applied. When Williams appeared as Miss America in a Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, Vanessa A. accidentally received her check for the appearance, which she returned. +The two ran into name conflict when Screen Actors Guild rules stopped the same stage naming. Vanessa A. had registered the name "Vanessa Williams" first. As a compromise, Williams was occasionally credited as "Vanessa L. Williams" in acting credits. Both actresses starred in versions of the drama "Soul Food" (Williams in the film version, and Vanessa A. in its "Soul Food" adaptation). The Screen Actors Guild eventually took the issue to arbitration, and decided that both actresses could use the professional name "Vanessa Williams". Today, Williams' prominence has led to a more wide association with the stage name "Vanessa Williams", so much so that it has widely become only known to her. She is credited as such in the American television series "Ugly Betty" and "Desperate Housewives". Williams is also the owner of the internet domain name vanessawilliams.com. Today, the younger Vanessa Williams is most often publicly and professionally referenced as "Vanessa A. Williams". + += = = Tiger salamander = = = +The tiger salamander is a species of mole salamander. Another name for this salamander is the eastern tiger salamander. +Description. +Eastern tiger salamanders are big, with a normal length of 6–8 inches (15–20 cm). They can grow up to 14 inches (36 cm) in length. Grown-ups are usually spotted with grey, green, or black, and have large eyes. They have short mouths, big necks, strong legs, and long tails. They eat small insects and worms. Sometimes, grown ups eat small frogs and baby mice +Adults are almost never seen in open fields and often live in holes that are usually 2 feet from the top. Tiger salamanders almost always stay on land as adults, and usually only return to the water to lay eggs. But they also live in both land and water. Tiger salamanders like to swim, even if they enjoy living on land more. They are good swimmers. Like all ambystomatids, they are extremely loyal to their birthplace, and will travel long distances to go back. However, a single tiger salamander has only a 50% chance of laying eggs more than once in its lifetime. Males bump a female to initiate mating, and then deposit a spermatophore on the lake bottom. The female picks up the packet and deposits the now-fertilized eggs on vegetation. Large-scale captive breeding of Tiger salamanders has not been accomplished, for unknown reasons. +The larvae are entirely aquatic, with large gills on the outside and a big tail fin that begins just behind the head. Arms are grown within a short time of coming out of their egg. Some larvae metamorphose quickly. These are known as 'small morph adults'. Other larvae, especially in ancestral pools and warmer climates, may not metamorphose until fully adult size. These large larvae are usually known as waterdogs, and are used many times in the fishing bait and pet trade. Some populations may not metamorphose at all, and become sexually mature while in their larval form. These are the neotenes, and are particularly common where terrestrial conditions are bad. +Conservation status. +While remaining common in many places, tiger salamander numbers have gone down compared with old levels. One of the threats to them is wetland (habitat) destruction. Since they tend to breed in semipermanent wetlands, baby tiger salamanders often experience mass deaths in association with pond drying. +Related species. +The California tiger salamander ("Ambystoma californiense"), the barred tiger salamander ("Ambystoma mavortium"), and the plateau tiger salamander ("Ambystoma velasci"), were all once subspecies of "A. tigrinum", but are now separate species. Genetic studies made it right to break up the first "A. tigrinum" population, even though there is some hybridization between the groups. +The Axolotl is also a relative of the tiger salamander. + += = = Brewing = = = +Brewing is the process of making beer. It is usually made in a brewery, though it can be made at home. It is made by adding yeast that ferment malt, barley or sugar into a large vat. Ethanol is produced by yeasts using up the energy from the mixture (which the yeasts digest into glucose) because there is no oxygen in the vat. + += = = Interborough Rapid Transit Company = = = +The Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) was the first operator of the original underground New York City Subway line that opened in 1904, as well as other earlier railways and rapid transit lines in New York City. The company was bought by New York City in June 1940. The former IRT lines (the numbered lines in the current subway system) are now the A Division or IRT Division of the Subway. +The following services are or were part of the IRT or MTA IRT Division: + += = = BSFA Award = = = +The BSFA Awards are prizes given every year by the British Science Fiction Association (BSFA). The prize is for excellent works of science fiction. The first BSFA Award was given in 1970. Prizes are given for works from the year before the award is given. At first, the award was only for novels. Categories for short works and artwork were added in 1980. Awards for media were given from 1979 to 1992. In 2002, the BSFA Award started to be given for nonfiction too. +Members of the BSFA vote for the nominees who may win an award and then for the final winners. Recently members of Eastercon also vote. + += = = Reticulated python = = = +The reticulated python (Python reticulatus) is a species of "Python" found in Southeast Asia. Adults can grow to 22.8 feet (6.95 m) in length but average is 9.8-19.7 feet. They are the world's longest snakes and longest reptile, but not the most heavily built. They usually weigh about 350 lbs. The thickest and heaviest living snake is the anaconda, also known as the green anaconda. Like all pythons, they are non-venomous constrictors (they squeeze their prey) and normally not considered dangerous to humans. Although large ones are powerful enough to kill an adult human, attacks seldom happen. + += = = Qwest = = = +Qwest Communications International Inc. was an American telecom company. It served 14 north central and western states. Qwest merged with Baby Bell company US West Communications during 2000. US West had consisted of Pacific Northwest Bell, Mountain Bell and Northwestern Bell before 1991, during which year the three telephone companies merged to become US West. Qwest Communications was founded around 1996. +On April 22, 2010, CenturyLink announced that it was going to buy Qwest for $22.4 billion. CenturyLink's purchase of Qwest was completed in early 2011. Qwest now operates as part of CenturyLink. + += = = Conan (TV series) = = = +Conan is a late-night talk show on TBS. It is hosted by Conan O'Brien, who used to host "The Tonight Show" and "Late Night with Conan O'Brien". His sidekick and announcer is Andy Richter, and his band is Jimmy Vivino and the Basic Cable Band. The show started in November 2010, and ended in 2021. A show has two celebrity guests and a monologue. In addition, there is either a musical guest or a stand-up comedian. Rounding out the show are comedy bits, which include spoofs of local newscasts, recurring characters, and ridiculous things happening to trombone player LaBamba Rosenberg. + += = = Flag carrier = = = +A flag carrier is an airline or ship line that is owned by the government of the country it is based in. Sometimes this means that the company has a monopoly on some routes, especially those to other countries. The term may have come about because of laws that all planes and ships have to show the flag of the country they are registered in. + += = = Somewhere in Time (album) = = = +Somewhere in Time is a studio album by Iron Maiden. It went on sale on 29 June 1986. It was the third most popular album in England when it started being sold. +The album got average reviews; one reviewer said that it was "less inspired" than Iron Maiden's earlier albums, but that the first half of it was still good. + += = = Baird's tapir = = = +Baird’s tapir (Tapirus bairdii) is a species of tapir that is native to Central America and northern South America. It is one of four Latin American species of tapir. +Baird’s tapir is found in the dense jungles of Central America, including southeastern Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia, and Ecuador. +The animal can be found at altitudes as high as 3,350 metres (10,990 ft). + += = = Malayan tapir = = = +The Malayan tapir ("Tapirus indicus"), also called the Asian tapir, Asiatic tapir, Oriental tapir, Indian tapir, or piebald tapir, is the largest of the five species of tapir. It the only one native to Asia. This shows that the original distribution of its family was much wider, because all the other species are found in Central or South America. +The scientific name refers to the East Indies, the species' natural habitat. In the Malay, the tapir is commonly referred to as "cipan", "tenuk" or "badak tampong". + += = = Ford Ranger = = = +Ford Ranger is a North American pickup truck distributed via Ford Motor Company. The Ranger currently in operation dates back to around 1983, although the name "Ranger" first got used on other types of Ford trucks in 1965. The Ford Ranger was discontinued in 2011, though it will be brought back in 2019. + += = = Korea under Japanese rule = = = +Korea under Japanese rule is a term to define Korea when it was under Japanese control. Japanese victory in the First Sino-Japanese War in 1895 and in the Russo-Japanese War in 1905 cleared the way. Japan controlled Korea for 35 years during Japanese Imperialism. The Japanese control of Korea lasted from 22 August 1910 until 15 August 1945. The Japanese rulers of Korea left the country on 2 September 1945. In Japan, the more common term is "Korea of the Japanese-Governed Period" (���������, Nippon Tōchi-jidai no Chosen). +The period is usually divided into three parts. In 1910-1919, the Japanese treated Koreans very badly. From 1919 to 1930-s they created better policies to deal with the Korean people. However, they later tried to force them to become Japanese. +Despite them being allies to the United States and having an interest in each other's cultures, Japanese and Koreans still tend to have suspicion of each other because of how Japan treated Korea during its time as a colony + += = = Melanin = = = +Melanin is a special pigment of the epidermis. It helps protect the body from the sun's radiation. This pigment contributes to the color of the skin and is produced deep within the layers of the epidermis. It is created from amino acid tyrosine It help our skin to protect from the sun. + += = = Hey There, It's Yogi Bear = = = +Hey There, It's Yogi Bear is a movie starring Daws Butler, Don Messick, Julie Bennett, and Mel Blanc. It is based on the Hanna-Barbera cartoon show, "The Yogi Bear Show". +Plot. +Yogi tells Ranger Smith that he wants out of the park, so he tries to get Yogi sent away. Cindy gets captured by an evil circus owner, so Yogi and Boo-Boo leave Jellystone Park to save her. + += = = Mercury (automobile) = = = +Mercury was one of the automobile divisions owned by Ford. The company was founded in 1938. Between 1945 and 2011, it was the Mercury half of the Lincoln-Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company. The vehicles made by Mercury include Mountaineer, Sable, Milan and Grand Marquis. The Mercury brand was discontinued in early 2011. +The car was called Mercury because it was the name of the Roman god of messengers. This claims the car's performance was good. + += = = Adelaide of Austria = = = +Adelaide of Austria (Adelheid Franziska Marie Rainera Elisabeth Clotilde; 3 June 1822 – 20 January 1855) was the first wife of Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia, future King of Italy. She was the mother of eight children including the future Umberto I of Italy. She was the Queen of Sardinia from 1849 until 1855 when she died as a result of childbirth. The present Italian pretender is her direct great great grandson. +Biography. +Archduchess of Austria. +She was born at the Royal Palace of Milan to Rainer Joseph of Austria and his wife Elisabeth of Savoy. Named "Adelaide", or known as "Adele" in the family, she held the title of Archduchess of Austria. Her father was the Viceroy of Lombardy-Venetia and was a son of the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II and Maria Luisa of Spain. Her mother was a member of the House of Savoy and a daughter of the then Prince of Carignano, the head of the junior branch of the House of Savoy who ruled the Kingdom of Sardinia. +Duchess of Savoy. +On 12 April 1842, at the Palazzina di caccia di Stupinigi, she married Victor Emmanuel of Savoy. The marriage was used to strengthen relations between the House of Savoy and that of the House of Habsburg but was viewed by many people of the time to increase Austrian power in Italy. +Victor Emmanuel was her first cousin and heir apparent to the King of Sardinia. He was styled the ""Duke of Savoy" prior to succession. Adelaide thus took on the style of "Duchess of Savoy"". She maintained her style of "Imperial & Royal Highness" till she became Queen. +Her husband's mother Maria Theresa of Austria retained great influence over her son throughout his life. Her mother-in-law was also her first cousin, both she and Adelaide being grandchildren of Emperor Leopold II. Adelaide and her husband of thirteen years had eight children. Four of these went on to have further progeny. Her husband had various extramarital affairs throughout the marriage. Adelaide was a quiet and religious woman and had had a strict upbringing. A loving wife and frequently would give to charity. +Queen of Sardinia. +In March 1849 her father-in-law King Charles Albert abdicated after the events of the Revolutions of 1848. Her husband succeeded as Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia. During her tenure as queen consort she had three further children all of which died in infancy. On 8 January 1855 she gave birth to a son who was styled the "Count of Genevois". Days later Queen Maria Theresa died on 12 January 1855. Adelaide went to the late queens funeral on 16 January and returning to the palace caught a cold. She died four days later at the Royal Palace of Turin having had an acute attack of Gastroenteritis. Another story says that Adelaide died of her burns after stepping on a match that set fire to her clothes. She was buried at the Royal Basilica of Superga. In 1861 her husband would become the first post-unification King of Italy. Her husband wed again to Rosa Vercellana in a morganatic marriage. + += = = Wolbachia = = = +Wolbachia is a genus of bacteria which infects arthropod species, including a high proportion of insects. It is one of the world's most common parasitic microbes and is possibly the most common reproductive parasite in the biosphere. + += = = Erotica (song) = = = +"Erotica" is the lead single of Madonna's 1992 album of the same name. The song was released during October 1992. This single caused controversy when it was released because the music and lyrics are suggestive of sexual intercourse. This was thought to be bad by some people and critics. + += = = American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials = = = +AASHTO means American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. It is a standards setting body which publishes specifications, quality control protocols and guidelines which are used in highway design and construction throughout the United States. Despite its name, the association represents not only highways but air, rail, water, and public transportation as well. +Though AASHTO is not a government body, it possesses quasi-governmental powers in the sense that the organizations that supply its members customarily obey most AASHTO decisions. +Besides its publications, AASHTO performs or cooperates in research projects. + += = = Great Migration (African American) = = = +The Great Migration was the migration (movement) of around 6 million African Americans out of the Southern United States to the Midwest, Northeast and West. The main reasons African Americans left the South were to escape racism and seek jobs in industrial cities. There is a series of paintings about it. +When a lot of African Americans moved to the south from the 1960s and onwards, it was called the New Great Migration. In 1963 to 2000, data shows the movement of African Americans back to the South following de-industrialization in Northeastern and Midwestern cities, the growth of good jobs in the South, and better racial relations. Many people moved back because of family ties. + += = = Dione (mythology) = = = +Dione in Greek mythology is a vague goddess presence who has her most concrete was the mother of Aphrodite. Zeus was the father are stories about Dione are in the Iliad by Homer. Aphrodite journeys to Dione's side after she has been wounded in battle while protecting her favorite son Aeneas. + += = = Marilyn Quayle = = = +Marilyn Tucker-Quayle (born July 29, 1949) is an American lawyer and novelist. She was the second lady of the United States from 1989 to 1993 as the wife of the 44th vice president of the United States, Dan Quayle. +Early life. +She was born in Indianapolis. Her parents were Mary Alice (nee Craig, died 1975) and Warren Samuel Tucker (died 2004). She is the fourth of six children. She has three sisters (Nancy, Sally, and Janet) and two brothers (James and William). Marilyn's parents were both doctors. Her maternal grandfather was born in Maybole, Scotland. +References. + += = = New York Herald = = = +The New York Herald was a daily newspaper based in New York City. The paper was circulated from 1835 to 1924. The first issue of the paper was published by James Gordon Bennett, Sr. on May 6, 1835. By 1845, it was the most popular and most bought daily newspaper in the United States. In 1861, it had sold about 84,000 copies and called itself "the most largely circulated journal in the world." Bennett said that the point of newspapers "is not to instruct but to startle." +Bennett's politics influenced the articles in the "Herald". He tended to be anti-Catholic, but not particularly anti-immigrant like most people who did not like the Catholics in New York at the time. During the American Civil War, it was a staunch supporter of the Democratic Party. When the "Herald" was still controlled by Bennett, it was considered to be the most sensationalist of the leading New York papers at the time. + += = = Yelawolf = = = +Michael Wayne Atha (born December 30, 1979), known by his stage name Yelawolf, is an American rapper. He is of Caucasian and Cherokee descent, and his stage name Yelawolf is a reference to his Native American roots. + += = = Condamine, Queensland = = = +Condamine is a very small town of 150 people in Queensland, Australia, 373km west of the state capital, Brisbane. It is built on the banks of the Condamine River. The town is famous for being mentioned in songs, stories and poems. The song "Banks of the Condamine" is about the girlfriend of a shearer who wants to go shearing with him. In it also mentioned in poems by Breaker Morant and Dame Mary Gilmour. Steele Rudd also mentions the town in his stories. +In 1827 Allan Cunningham became The first Europen to visit the Condamine area was Alan Cunningham in 1827. He named the river after Governor Ralph Darling's assistant whose surname was De la Condamine. The town was settled in 1859. +During the 2010-2011 Queensland floods the town was flooded twice, and all the people had to be taken to other areas. + += = = Premier of Queensland = = = +The Premier of Queensland is the head of the Government of Queensland, Australia. The Premier does the same job at a state level as the Prime Minister of Australia does at a national level. Formal power is held by the Queen who is represented in Queensland by the Governor of Queensland. The Governor acts on the advice given to him by the Premier. The current Premier of Queensland is Annastacia Palaszczuk. +Queensland is governed under the Westminster system of parliamentary government. Unlike other Australian states, it is not a bicameral system, having only one elected house. This house is called the Legislative Assembly. After an election, the State Governor appoints as Premier, the leader of the party who can control a majority of the elected members in the lower house. The Premier must resign if they no longer have a majority in the Legislative Assembly. This can happen if they lose seats at an election, or if their own political party does not support them. +Queensland was a British colony, and power was held by the Governor. In 1859 Britain allowed Queensland to have its own parliament, and the power was passed to the Premier. + += = = Mary Fallin = = = +Mary Fallin (born December 9, 1954) is an American politician. She was the 27th Governor of the U.S. state of Oklahoma from 2011 to 2019. Before becoming governor, she was a U.S. Representative, serving from 2007 until 2011. +She is the second woman elected to the United States Congress from Oklahoma. The first was Alice Mary Robertson in 1921. She was the first Republican and first woman to serve as Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma. She served in that post from 1995 to 2007. She is also the first woman to serve as Governor in the state of Oklahoma. +Early life and career. +Fallin was raised in Tecumseh. Her mother and father both served terms as mayor of Tecumseh. She is a graduate of Tecumseh High School. She attended Oklahoma Baptist University in Shawnee and University of Central Oklahoma in Edmond. Fallin has a Bachelor of Science degree from Oklahoma State University. +Fallin has two children, Christina and Price. They live in Oklahoma City. Fallin was first elected to the Oklahoma House of Representatives in 1990. She served two terms. +Lieutenant Governor (1995–2007). +In 1995, Fallin became Oklahoma’s first woman and first Republican to be elected as the Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma. She served as president of the Senate and on 10 boards and commissions. She followed an aggressive agenda focusing on economic development, education, health care and government reform during her 12 years in office. +In the wake of the Oklahoma City bombing, she formed a task force to rebuild the childcare center lost in the disaster. Fallin also initiated Project Homesafe, a gun safety program that has distributed more than 80,000 free cable gun locks to Oklahomans. +Congressional career (2007–2011). +Fallin did not seek re-election in 2006 as lieutenant governor. She ran for the 5th Congressional District seat being vacated by Ernest Istook. In the July 25 GOP primary, she received the most votes. On August 22, she faced the second-place finisher, Oklahoma City Mayor Mick Cornett in the GOP candidate runoff election. She won with 63% of the vote. +Fallin was elected on November 7, defeating Democrat Paul David Hunter. She is the first woman elected to Congress from Oklahoma since 1921. Alice Mary Robertson was the first woman to be elected to U.S. Congress from Oklahoma. She resigned her office on January 2, 2007 in order to be sworn in to Congress on January 4, 2007. Lieutenant Governor-elect Jari Askins was appointed by Oklahoma Governor Brad Henry to fill the remaining days of Fallin's term. +Fallin easily won reelection in 2008. During her last term in Congress, Fallin served on the House Committee on Armed Services, the House Committee on Small Business, and the House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. +Governorship (2011–2019). +On November 10, 2010, Fallin defeated Jari Askins with more than 60% of the vote. + += = = Laayoune = = = +Laayoune (or El Aaiún) is a city in northern Western Sahara. It is the capital. About 200,000 people live there. + += = = Loris = = = +The Lorises are solitary mammals that live in tropical rainforests in southeast Asia. The loris is arboreal, living in trees. It is nocturnal, most active at night. In captivity, the loris lives for up to 13 years. +The loris is a group of primates. They are closely related to galagos and slightly less closely related to lemurs. +The loris has enormous eyes, grasping fingers, and toes with opposable digits. The loris ranges from 7 to 15 inches (18 to 38 cm) long. It has a stubby tail, only about 1 inch (3 cm) long. +The loris is an omnivore (eating plants and animals); it eats mostly insects, lizards, fruits, and some plant shoots. + += = = Sogod, Cebu = = = +Sogod is a 4th class municipality in the province of Cebu, Philippines. According to the 2007 census, it has a population of 28,955 people. +Barangays. +Sogod is politically subdivided into 18 barangays. + += = = Rockhampton = = = +Rockhampton is a city in Queensland, Australia. In June 2018, 78,592 people lived there. It is built on the banks of the Fitzroy River about 30 km from the coast. It is called the "Beef Capital of Australia." The town was first settled in 1855, and grew when gold was found in the Fitzroy River in 1858, and later at Mount Morgan. The town is the service centre for a large number of cattle stations (large farms). There are two abattoirs for exporting beef from Rockhampton. There are also large coal mines to the west of Rockhampton, and a magnesium mine. +Rockhampton was flooded during the 2010-2011 Queensland floods and was completely cut off. Road, rail and the airport were covered in water. + += = = Lightning Bar = = = +Lightning Bar was an American Quarter Horse racehorse and breeding stallion. He was owned by Art Pollard. Lightning Bar's father was a Thoroughbred, and his mother was originally from Louisiana. Louisiana was known for breeding racehorses that ran short distances. Although he only raced for one year, he still managed to achieve an AAA speed index. His racing career was cut short by illnesses. After racing, he became a show horse and a roping horse. As a breeding stallion, he only fathered eight crops of foals, but fathered a number of important horses. His most famous son was Doc Bar. Lightning Bar died in 1960 from disease, at the age of 9. Lightning Bar was inducted into the American Quarter Horse Association's (AQHA's) American Quarter Horse Hall of Fame in 2008. +Early life. +Born in 1951, Lightning Bar was bred to be a racehorse. Injuries and illnesses kept him from racing past the age of two. He was bred by Art Pollard, who owned him his entire life. He was fathered by Three Bars, a Thoroughbred stallion later inducted into the AQHA Hall of Fame. Lightning Bar's mother was Della P, a daughter of the Thoroughbred stallion Doc Horn. His maternal grandmother, was a mare who was never given a name and was sired by Old D. J. Art Pollard bought Della P from "Dink" Parker for $1,750 ($ as of ) in the late 1940s. Della P was bred in Louisiana, which was a leading state breeding short distance racehorses during the years 1900–1940. Della P was brought to Arizona by Parker. +When Lightning Bar was about 5 days old, Pollard was afraid that he had leg problems and was buck-kneed. Pollard thought about putting the young horse to sleep. First, though, he asked the advice of Parker. Pollard later said about the story, "Dink just looked at me and shook his head. 'Ain't you ever gonna learn nothing? That colt's just what you're looking for.' " When mature, Lightning Bar stood 15.2 hands (or ) tall and weighed about . He was a sorrel-colored horse. +Racing and show career. +Lightning Bar started ten times on the racetrack. He won four times, came in second three times, and came in third once. Among those finishes, he ran second and third in two stakes races. His total earnings on the track were $1,491 ($ as of ). His highest speed index, or comparative rating of his speed, was AAA. He only raced for one year, as he suffered from pneumonia, distemper, and injured legs. He did equal one track record for two-year-olds at Pomona Racetrack, running in 17.2 seconds. +After Lightning Bar's racing career, he went on to be a show horse. He earned 18 open halter points with the AQHA. He earned an AQHA Champion award in 1955. He won one grand championship and one reserve championship in halter classes at recognized AQHA shows. +Breeding career. +The first year Lightning Bar stood as a breeding stallion, his stud fee, or the fee charged to breed a mare to him, was $250 ($ as of ). Only nine mares were bred to him. The next year, he only bred 11 mares. In 1956, he bred 102 mares at $500 ($ as of ) each. One of Pollard's attempts to advertise his stallion involved letting one of his ranch hands take the stallion to a local jackpot roping. Pollard assumed that the employee would just ride Lightning Bar around and show him off. Pollard later discovered that more was involved. Pollard said later that "I should have been suspicious when he (the ranch hand) returned with Lightning Bar that afternoon, with a sheepish grin on his face. I asked him how the horse was received and he said 'The stud did good and I won the jackpot!' After congratulating him, I asked which rope horse he had used. He replied, 'The stud.' " +Pollard said of Lightning Bar that "I always had to be careful about the kind of latch I used on a gate with that horse. He could figure them out faster than I could. He would open a gate, and go for a stroll." Lightning Bar sired 148 foals in his eight breeding seasons. 118 of those foals went on to either race or show careers. 108 of his foals started races, and 77 of them won races, with a total of $476,949 total earnings. Lightning Belle was the foal who earned the most on the racetrack, earning $60,134 ($ as of ). +Five of Lightning Bar's foals earned AQHA Championships: Cactus Comet, Crash Bang, Lightning Rey, Pana Bar and Relampago Bar. One earned a Supreme Championship, Lightning Rey. His offspring earned $1,163.32 in National Cutting Horse Association competition. Another four earned a Superior Halter Horse title. +Death and legacy. +Lightning Bar died in June 1960 from Colitis-X, a virus of unknown origin that can kill quickly without warning. The virus infected a large number of Pollard's horses. Only three horses that caught the disease survived. Pollard was so heart-broken, he sold off his remaining stock and did not return to the Quarter Horse business for 15 years. Pollard later said about the loss of his horses that "it was a nightmare when they were wiped out. Even now, we can still feel the sadness of losing those horses." Another time, Pollard said that "Someone once said that a man deserves one good woman and one good dog in his lifetime. To that quip I would add one good horse. I certainly had one in Lightning Bar." +Harry Harrison (born Henry Maxwell Dempsey; March 12, 1925 – August 15, 2012) was an American science fiction author. He was best known for his character the Stainless Steel Rat and the novel "Make Room! Make Room!" (1966). +Harrison was born in Stamford, Connecticut. Harrison was married to Joan Merkler Harrison from 1930 until her death in 2002. They had two children. Harrison died on August 15, 2012 in his home in Brighton, England. + += = = Dayana Mendoza = = = +Dayana Sabrina Mendoza Moncada (born June 1, 1986) is a model and beauty pageant titleholder, who won Miss Venezuela 2007 and Miss Universe 2008. She also received the honor of crowning Stefanía Fernández as Miss Universe 2009. Eighteen-year-old Fernández was a fellow Venezuelan, and Dayana became the first Miss Universe to crown a compatriot. +Personal Life. +Dayana is 34 years old. She won Miss Venezuela 2007, and also Miss Universe 2008. +Early Life. +Dayana was born on June 1st, 1986, in Caracas, Venezuela to Willy and Maria Auxiliadora de Mendoza, and has a younger sister called Daniela, and grew up in the Venezuelan state of Amazonas. +Kidnapping! +Dayana was once kidnapped in Venezuela, and stated that its psychological trauma taught her, to remain poised under pressure. +Marriage. +Young Dayana married Michael Pagano in 2013, when she was just 27 years old. In 2016 their marriage ended, however. They have a daughter, Eva. +Career. +In 2001 Dayana signed with Elite modeling agency and paraded in Spain, Italy, France, USA, England, Greece and Germany for Versace, Roberto Cavalli and other designers. +She was the host of the TV show "Relaxed" for the network E! Entertainment Latin America. +She also participated in the fifth season of "The Celebrity Apprentice" (corresponding to the season twelve of "The Apprentice"), a program hosted by Donald Trump. +Miss Venezuela 2007. +Mendoza beat out 27 other candidates to win Miss Venezuela 2007 on September 13, 2007, in Caracas, and became only the second woman representing the Amazonas state to win, following Carolina Izsak in 1991. +Miss Universe 2008. +Dayana was just twenty-two when she was crowned Miss Universe 2008 at the pageant at the Crown Convention Center, Nha Trang, Vietnam, on July 13, 2008. She became the first winner of the pageant from Venezuela since Miss Universe 1996's winner Alicia Machado, thus making her the first Venezuelan Miss Universe in the 21st century. +Miss Universe 2007 Riyo Mori crowned her with a tiara worth US$120,000. Her prize package includes cash, a year contract promoting Miss Universe, world travel, a rent-free prestigious New York City apartment, a luxury apartment, and a gift bag stuffed with designer shoes, dresses and beauty products, a US$100,000 stipend for a two-year course at the New York Film Academy and free access to famous fashion houses and beauty parlors. Dayana kindly spent her year-long reign traveling the world to lecture on humanitarian issues and to promote education regarding HIV/AIDS. +As of June 2009, Dayana as Miss Universe has traveled to Indonesia, Singapore, Italy, Vatican City, Spain, France, Nicaragua, Ukraine, Czech Republic, Bahamas, Russia, El Salvador, the United Arab Emirates, Brazil, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Bolivia, Argentina, Romania, and Vietnam, in addition to numerous trips around the United States and her homecoming in Venezuela! Together with Miss Universe 1969 Gloria Diaz, Mendoza was the goodwill ambassador of Venezuela-based technology firm Smartmatic to thank the Philippines for entrusting the company the success of their 2010 presidential elections. +Production of the film "Honey". +Dayana is concerned about humanitarian issues, such as AIDS awareness, and domestic violence prevention. So, she wrote, directed and produced the short film "Honey" to raise awareness about domestic violence. +Crowning Stefanía Fernández. +Dayana got an honour on August 23, 2009, in Nassau, Bahamas, when she got to crown a compatriot, Stefanía Fernández, as Miss Universe 2009. She was the first person to crown a compatriot as Miss Universe. +Controversies. +Modeling photos. +After photos of Mendoza modeling naked for a jewelry firm surfaced, officials from the Miss Universe Organization decided against penalizing her, saying that the candid photos were not pornographic but "artistic in nature, and they don't have an ounce of pornographic content to them." +Guantanamo Bay visit. +On 27 March 2009, Dayana documented a visit to Guantanamo Bay detention camp on her blog. In it, she was quoted as saying, "Guantanamo was such a relaxing place, so calm and beautiful". She also stated that when she visited the detainees camps, "...we saw the jails, where they shower, how the recreate themselves with movies, classes of art, books. It was very interesting". +In her home country, Venezuela, the issue became the talk of the town, with the president, Hugo Chávez, reconsidering the praise he had previously given her. The Miss Universe Organization has replied that "...[her] comments on her blog were in reference to the hospitality she received while meeting the members of the U.S. military and their families who are stationed in Guantánamo". On 1 April 2009, the entry vanished from her blog. + += = = Maurice Sendak = = = +Maurice Bernard Sendak (June 10, 1928 – May 8, 2012) was an American writer and illustrator of children's literature. He was best known for his book "Where the Wild Things Are" which was released in 1963. +Early and personal life. +Sendak was born on June 10, 1928 in Brooklyn, New York City. His parents were Sadie (née Schindler) and Philip Sendak. Sendak was a homosexual and had a partner Dr. Eugene Glynn from 1957 until 2007 when Glynn died. +Death. +Sendak died on May 8, 2012 in his home in Danbury, Connecticut from a stroke. He was 83 years old. +His remains were cremated. + += = = Harrison Ford (silent movie actor) = = = +Harrison Ford (March 16, 1884 – December 2, 1957) was an American stage and movie actor. He was a leading Broadway theatre performer and a star of the silent film era. +Ford was born in Kansas City, Missouri on March 16, 1884. Ford died on December 2, 1957 after being run-over by a car in the early 1950s. He was not related to the living actor with the same name. He was married to actress to Beatrice Prentice from 1909 until his death in 1957. Ford died in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California after being run over by a car on December 2, 1957, aged 73. + += = = Stefanía Fernández = = = +Stefanía Fernández Krupij* (born September 4, 1990) is a Venezuelan beauty pageant titleholder, humanitarian and political activist who participated in the 2014 Venezuela Protests, and was awarded Miss Venezuela 2008 as well as Miss Universe 2009 titles. Fernández is also the face of Avon Products, and was listed among the 50 Most Beautiful People list by "People en Español". She has participated in many humanitarian activities, including fighting for AIDs awareness and fighting against human rights violations. Fernández also earned a Guinness record by becoming the first Miss Universe winner who was crowned by a compatriot. +Biography. +Fernández was born on Tuesday, September 4, 1990, in Mérida, Venezuela, to Nadia Krupij Holojad and José Luis Fernández. She is of Ukrainian, Spanish (Galician), Russian and Polish origin. Her Ukrainian maternal grandfather immigrated from the Soviet Union during the period of Communist rule. +Fernández lives in Bogota, Colombia with her husband, Bernardo Ausaje, an investor, who she wedded in Colombia on May 6, 2017. +Fernández has participated in political protest, and humane causes. During her time as Miss Universe, she traveled to many countries to spread AIDs awareness and participated in the 2014 Venezuela revolts. +Fernández won the Miss Venezuela 2008 title in a pageant held in Caracas on September 10, 2008. She was crowned by the outgoing titleholder, Dayana Mendoza, Miss Venezuela 2007 and Miss Universe 2008. She was also awarded "Miss Elegance", "Best Body", and "Best Face" titles. She became the second Miss Trujillo to win that title since the Miss Venezuela pageant first began in 1952 and also the second Miss Trujillo to win Miss Universe. The first was Bárbara Palacios, Miss Venezuela 1986 and Miss Universe 1986. +Miss Universe 2008, Dayana Mendoza (also from Venezuela) crowned her as Miss Universe 2009 on August 23, 2009, in Nassau, Bahamas. This marked the first time in Miss Universe history the same country won the crown two years in a row. +Fernández was also recognized as among the 50 Most Beautiful People list by "People en Español" and in March 2010, Fernández officially became the face of Avon Products. +Marriage, Divorce, Later Relationship & Child. +Marriage and divorce. +Stefanía's husband was Bernardo Ausaje, an investor, who she wedded in Cartagena, Colombia, on May 6, 2017. +In June of 2020, however, Stefanía confirmed her decision to divorce Ausaje. Her manager, Luis Bascaran, released the following statement on social media:After three years of marriage, we want to inform you that by mutual agreement Bernardo and I have made the decision to separate (...) we have managed to make this decision from wisdom and maturity. We appreciate your respect and understanding. We will not be giving more statements on the subject. +Later relationship and child. +Fernández subsequently began a relationship with athlete Ender Inciarte, revealed in December 2020, and in May 2021, they had a son, named Liam. +Travelling Worldwide. +Fernández has traveled to several countries to spread AIDs Awareness. +In November, 2010, she traveled again to Indonesia, specifically to the Bali island, when she filmed a commercial of vitamins. On her return to New York, she was in a press conference about HIV, in which she appeared with Ban Ki-moon, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, and with recognised Venezuelan fashion designer Carolina Herrera. On 5 November 2009, she served as a presenter at the Latin Grammy Awards in Las Vegas, United States, sharing with Puerto Rican salsa singer Víctor Manuelle. At her second presentation in Venezuela, specifically in the Plaza de Toros Monumental de Maracaibo, where there was a crowd of 15,000 people, they gave a recognition (Orchid Award) to Fernández at Orchid Festival of Chinita Fair. +She also traveled to Cannes, France, on 9 December 2009, for the Five Star Diamond awards, with Miss USA Kristen Dalton, and to Willemstad, Curaçao and Barquisimeto, Venezuela, as well, in early January 2010, for the Procesión de la Divina Pastora (Procession of the Holy Shepherdess). Fernández traveled to Puerto Rico in February 2010 to host "Levántate", a Telemundo TV show; then travelled to New York, where she appeared on "The Oprah Winfrey Show". +Crowning Indonesian representative for Miss Universe. +In October 2010, Fernández traveled to Jakarta, Bandung and Medan, in Indonesia, where she crowned the Indonesian representative for the Miss Universe 2010 pageant. +Crowning other Representatives. +In September, March, and April 2010, she travelled to Moscow, Russia; São Paulo, Brazil; Mumbai, India; Nassau, Bahama; Caracas, Venezuela; and Prague, Czech Republic, where she crowned the respective representatives of those countries for the Miss Universe 2010 pageant. She then flew to Colombia (she was invited to promote the Kimberly-Clark brand), Panama (where she served as a presenter for Sony), and to Puerto Rico again, for the Puerto Rico Open. +AIDS awareness activism. +Stefanía promised to spend her year-long reign as Miss Universe traveling the world raising awareness on humanitarian issues and promoting education regarding HIV/AIDS. During her reign, Stefanía traveled to Indonesia, Curaçao, France, Puerto Rico, Russia, Colombia, Panama, the Czech Republic, the Bahamas, Mexico, the Dominican Republic, Brazil, India, Spain, Rwanda, Venezuela, Argentina, and Ecuador for Aids Awareness Tour In 2010. Hugo Chávez, president of Venezuela, thanked her, giving her the support of both him and his government for this act. +Flag incident. +On August 23, 2010, Stefanía, still just a teenager, passed her crown to Ximena Navarrete (Miss Mexico). During her final catwalk, she opened a flag of Venezula with only seven stars. The Venezuelan parliament (the National Assembly) had voted a modification of the flag from seven to eight stars in 2006; former President Chávez had favored this decision. The display of the old flag was seen by Investor's Business Daily as a protest against the new policies of Chávez. +Participation In 2014 Venezuelan Protests. +During the 2014 Venezuelan protests, Stefanía participated in the "Your Voice is Your Power" campaign, fighting against violence, human rights violations and the censorship of media in Venezuela. +AMMATERRE. +Currently, Fernández also runs a successful beauty line, AMMATERRE, for vegan skin care products. +Other representation. +Stefanía is the face of Avon Products. She was listed among the 50 Most Beautiful People list by "People en Español," a Spanish-language magazine. + += = = Dana Hill = = = +Dana Hill (born Dana Lynne Goetz; May 6, 1964-July 15, 1996) was an American voice actress. She has a raspy voice. She starred in television programs and movies, including "Goof Troop" (1992-1993). She died resulting from a stroke that was due to having type 1 diabetes (she was diagnosed at age 10). Hill was born around California. + += = = List of introduced molluscs of Venezuela = = = +This is a list of 52 species of molluscs that have been introduced into Venezuela, that are living in the wild, and that have been reported in the literature. +Gastropoda. +Marine gastropods. +Buccinidae +Fasciolariidae +Modulidae +Turbinellidae +Umbraculidae +Freshwater gastropods. +Ampullariidae +Planorbidae +Thiaridae +Land gastropods. +Achatinidae +Arionidae +Bradybaenidae +Ferussaciidae +Helicidae +Limacidae +Streptaxidae +Subulinidae +Bivalvia. +Marine bivalves. +Arcidae +Donacidae +Mactridae +Mytilidae +Placunidae +Pteriidae +Semelidae +Telinidae +Terebridae +Thraciidae +Veneridae +Estuarine bivalves. +Corbiculidae +Mytilidae + += = = Jewish languages = = = +Jewish languages are the various languages and dialects that developed in Jewish communities around the world. +History. +Although Hebrew was the daily speech of the Jewish people for centuries, by the 5th century, the closely related Aramaic joined Hebrew as the spoken language in Judea where the ancient Jews, "Judeans", where the word "Jew" comes from, lived. By the 3rd century Jews of the diaspora (Jewish people outside of their country) were speaking Greek, and soon afterwards Hebrew was no longer used as a first language - for over sixteen centuries being used almost only as a liturgical language (for prayer) until revived as a spoken language by Eliezer Ben-Yehuda in the Palestine of the late 1880s and eventually becoming the official language of the state of Israel. +Development. +For centuries Jews worldwide spoke the local or dominant languages of the regions they migrated to, often developing distinctive dialectal forms or branching off as independent languages. +The usual way these languages developed was through the addition of Hebrew words, phrases, and sometimes grammar used to express uniquely Jewish concepts and concerns. Often they were written in Hebrew letters, including the block letters used in Hebrew today and Rashi script. Due to the isolated nature of many Jewish communities, many Jewish languages retained archaic (old) vocabulary and linguistic structures of the language from which they descended long after they had been lost or changed in later forms of the parent language. +Widely spoken. +Among the most widely spoken Jewish languages to develop in the diaspora are Yiddish, Ladino, and the Judæo-Arabic group of languages. Yiddish is the Judeo-German language developed by Ashkenazi Jews who migrated to Central Europe, and Ladino, also called Judezmo and Muestra Spanyol (our Spanish), is the Judeo-Spanish language developed by Sephardic Jews who lived in the Iberian peninsula. +Many ancient and distinct Jewish languages, including Gruzinic (Jewish Georgian), Judeo-Arabic, Judeo-Berber, Krymchak (Jewish Uzbek) and Judeo-Malayalam (a kind of Indian language) have largely fallen out of use due the impact of the Holocaust on European Jewry, the Jewish exodus from Arab lands, the assimilation policies of Israel in its early days and other factors. +Yiddish was the language spoken by the largest number of Jews in the 1850s, but today the three most commonly spoken languages among Jews are English, modern Hebrew, and Russian—in that order. Some people think that since Jews who use English and Russian have a lot of Jewish things to say and ways to say them, one day there might be a Judeo-English and maybe Judeo-Russian language. + += = = Maureen McCormick = = = +Maureen Denise McCormick (born August 5, 1956) is a television actress. She played the character of Marcia Brady on "The Brady Bunch" starting in 1969 and ending in 1974. She also acted in many other TV series. She wrote an autobiography called "Here's the Story: Surviving Marcia Brady and Finding My True Voice". + += = = Daniel Francois Malan = = = +Daniel Francois Malan (May 22 1874-February 7 1959) also known as D.F. Malan, was Prime Minister of South Africa from 1948 to 1954. He was leader of the National Party, an Afrikaner nationalist political party. Apartheid began as a state policy in South Africa under Malan. + += = = Phyllis Thaxter = = = +Phyllis St. Felix Thaxter (November 20, 1921 – August 14, 2012) was an American stage and movie actress. She was known for playing Superman's mother in the 1978 movie "Superman", and as Ellen Lawson in "Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo". +Early life. +Thaxter was born on November 20, in 1921. in Portland, Maine to Sidney Thaxter and to his wife. +Career. +She had worked a lot on Broadway since 1940. When Dorothy McGuire went to Hollywood, Phyllis replaced her in the play Claudia. In 1944, she signed a contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Her first movie was with Van Johnson in the wartime movie "Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo". Thaxter played Joan Alris Ellis, a woman suffering from split personality in the movie "Bewitched" in 1945. In 1948, she played a cattle owner's daughter alongside Barbara Bel Geddes in "Blood on the Moon". +At MGM, she routinely portrayed the ever-patient wife to a number of leading men. She moved to Warner Brothers in the 1950s, but usually played the same type of roles. +Thaxter's career ended for a while after being ill of polio in 1952. She made a comeback on the television series in "Rawhide". She would later appear on other television programs such as; "Wagon Train", "The Twilight Zone", and "Alfred Hitchcock Presents". In 1978, Thaxter was cast along with Glenn Ford as Ma and Pa Kent in "Superman". +Personal life. +Thaxter was married to James Thomas Aubrey, Jr. from 1944 until they divorced in 1962. They had a son and a daughter. She was married to Gilbert Lea from 1962 until his death in 2008. +Death. +Thaxter died on August 14, 2012 in her home in Longwood, Florida from Alzheimer's disease, aged 90. She had the disease for eight years. She was cremated and her ashes were thrown to the sea. + += = = Godfather's Pizza = = = +Godfather's Pizza is an American pizza franchise group that was started around around 1973. The restaurant chain is headquartered out of Omaha, Nebraska and sells Italian foods in addition to pizza. The chain sells golden, original and thin crusts depending on the eatery. + += = = Shelley Winters = = = +Shelley Winters (Shirley Schrift August 18, 1920 – January 14, 2006) was an American movie actress who appeared in many blockbuster movies such as "Place in the Sun", "The Big Knife", "Lolita", "The Night of the Hunter", "Alfie", and "The Poseidon Adventure". Her career spanned over 50 years until her death in 2006. Winters won Academy Awards for her acting in "The Diary of Anne Frank" and "A Patch of Blue". +Early life. +Winters was born on August 18, 1920 in St. Louis, Missouri to Rose (née Winter) and to Jonas Schrift. She was raised in Brooklyn, New York City. She was educated at The New School. +Career. +Winters' career began in 1943 in the movie "There's Something About a Soldier" and since then she appeared in over 100 movies, such as; "Escape in the Fog", "New Orleans", "The Greatest Story Ever Told", "Flap", "Black Journal", "Fanny Hill", "Jury Duty", and her final movie "A-List". +Awards and nominations. +Winters has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and was inducted into the St. Louis Walk of Fame in 1992. +Personal life. +Winters was married to Paul Meyer from 1937 until they divorced in 1948. Later she married Vittorio Gassman from 1949 until they divorced in 1954. Thirdly she married Anthony Franciosa from 1957 until they divorced in 1960. Lastly she married Gerry DeFord from 2006 until her death in 2006. Winters only had one child with Grassman. +Death. +Winters died on January 14, 2006 in at a hospital in Beverly Hills, California home from heart failure, she was 85 years old. Five days later, her ex-husband Anthony Franciosa died from a stroke. + += = = Anthony Franciosa = = = +Anthony Franciosa (Anthony George Papaleo October 25, 1928 – January 19, 2006) was an American movie, TV, and stage actor, usually known as Tony Franciosa during his career. +He made some movies such as; "Career" (1959) for which he won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor/Drama. In television he is known for his lead roles in five well-known TV shows as; the sitcom "Valentine's Day" (1964–65), the drama series "The Name of the Game" (1968–71), "Search" (1972–73), "Matt Helm" (1975) and "Finder of Lost Loves" (1984). Franciosa received a Tony Award nomination for his role in the play "A Hatful of Rain". +Franciosa was born in New York City, New York on October 25, 1928. +Franciosa was married to Beatrice Bakalyar from 1952 until it ended in divorce in 1957. Secondly he married Shelley Winters from 1957 until they divorced in 1960. Thirdly he married Judy Balaban from 1961 until they divorced in 1967. Lastly he married Rita Thiel from 1970 until his death in 2006. +Franciosa suffered a stroke on the day his ex-wife Shelley Winters died on January 14, 2006. Franciosa died five days after Winters' death on January 19, 2006 from a stroke at the UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles, California, he was 77 years old. He is survived by his wife Rita, his three children, and his two grandchildren. His remains were later cremated. + += = = Ron Palillo = = = +Ronald Gabriel "Ron" Palillo (April 2, 1949 – August 14, 2012) was an American television and movie actor, who is best known for his role as high school student Arnold Dingfelder Horshack on the ABC sitcom "Welcome Back, Kotter", from 1975 to 1979. +Palillo was born in Cheshire, Connecticut on April 2, 1949. He was educated at University of Connecticut. Palillo died on August 14, 2012 from a heart attack in his Palm Beach, Florida home. He was 63 years old. He is survived by his partner of 41 years, Joseph Gramm. + += = = Johannes Gerhardus Strijdom = = = +Johannes Gerhardus Strijdom (also spelled Strydom) also known as J.G. Strydom or Hans Strydom (July 14 1893-August 24 1958) nicknamed "the Lion of the North", was Prime Minister of South Africa from 30 November 1954 to 24 August 1958. He was an Afrikaner nationalist, and a supporter of apartheid. + += = = Murder of JonBenét Ramsey = = = +JonBenét Patricia Ramsey (August 6, 1990December 25, 1996) was an American child beauty pageant queen. She was born in Atlanta, Georgia and moved to Boulder, Colorado when she was nine months old. She was strangled in her house in Boulder. Her murder remains unsolved. Alexis Reich falsely confessed to the murder in 2006. + += = = Thomas Kretschmann = = = +Thomas Kretschmann (Born 8 September 1962 in Dessau, East Germany) is a German movie, television, voice actor best known for playing Leutnant Hans von Witzland in the 1993 film "Stalingrad", Hauptmann Wilm Hosenfeld in "The Pianist", Hermann Fegelein in "Der Untergang", Captain Englehorn in the 2005 remake of "King Kong", "Valkyrie", and voicing Professor Z in "Cars 2". +Kretschmann was born on September 8, 1962 in Dessau, East Germany. Kretschmann had a partner Lena Roklin from 1997 until they split-up in 2009, they had three children. Kretschmann currently lives in Malibu, California and Los Angeles, California. + += = = John Turturro = = = +John Michael Turturro (born February 28, 1957) is an American movie and television, voice actor, writer and director known for his roles in the movies; "Do the Right Thing" (1989), "Miller's Crossing" (1990), "Barton Fink" (1991), "Quiz Show" (1994), "The Big Lebowski" (1998), "O Brother, Where Art Thou?" (2000) and "the Transformers movie series". He has appeared in over sixty films, and has worked mostly with the Coen brothers, Adam Sandler and Spike Lee. Turturro also starred in Disney/Pixar "Cars 2". He played Carmine Falcone in the 2022 movie "The Batman". +Turturro was born in Brooklyn, New York on February 28, 1957. Turturro is currently married to Katherine Borowitz since 1985, they have two children. + += = = John Lasseter = = = +John Alan Lasseter (born January 12, 1957) is an American animator, movie director and the former chief creative officer at Pixar and Walt Disney Animation Studios. He was also the Principal Creative Advisor for Walt Disney Imagineering. Lasseter bought Pixar from the late Steve Jobs. He eventually left Pixar and Disney due to allegations of sexual harassment. Lasseter has been married to Nancy Lasseter since 1979. He was born in Hollywood, California. + += = = Melissa Manchester = = = +Melissa Manchester (born February 15, 1951 in the Bronx, New York) is an American singer, songwriter and actress. She has acted in several movies. She has received several awards during her musical career, which began in the late 1960s. + += = = Blythe Danner = = = +Blythe Katherine Danner (born February 3, 1943) is an American actress. She is the widow of movie director Bruce Paltrow. She is the mother of actress Gwyneth Paltrow and director Jake Paltrow. She has starred in many Broadway plays and movies. +Early life. +Danner was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She is the daughter of Katharine (née Kile) and Harry Earl Danner, a bank executive. She has a brother, opera singer/actor Harry Danner, a sister, performer-turned-director Dorothy (Dottie) Danner, and a half-brother, violin maker William Moennig. Danner is of part Pennsylvania Dutch ancestry, and one of her great-grandmothers was born in Barbados (a White Barbadian). + += = = Kim Du-han = = = +Kim Du-han(korea:���, hanja:���, 1918-1972) was South Korean politician, gangsters. He was one of the boss of big gangsters groups of Seoul. A pen-name was Uisong(��, ��). + += = = Jordana Brewster = = = +Jordana Brewster (, born April 26, 1980) is an American actress. She began acting during her late teens starting with the soap opera "All My Children". Later, Brewster began acting in movies and television programs. These include "The Fast and the Furious" series of movies. Brewster was born in Panama City, Panama. Her father is American. Her mother is Brazilian. She grew up in Brazil and London before moving to New York at age 10. +Early life. +Brewster was born in Panama City, Panama, the daughter of Maria João (née Leal de Sousa), a former "Sports Illustrated" swimsuit model from Brazil, and Alden Brewster, an American investment banker. + += = = Outrage (movie) = = = +Outrage is a movie that came out in 2010. "Autoreiji" is the movie's original title in Japan. Takeshi Kitano is the director. It has a restricted rating. It is 109 minutes long. It is a crime drama. It is about Tokyo's yakuza clans. It has a little sexual content. It competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2010 Cannes Film Festival. + += = = Tom Kenny = = = +Thomas James Kenny (born July 13, 1962) is an American actor and comedian. He is mostly known for being the voice of SpongeBob SquarePants in "SpongeBob SquarePants". He has also done the voices of The Ice King in "Adventure Time", The Mayor in "The Powerpuff Girls", Lord Mission in "", Wheelie in "The Transformers Movie Series", and Scout Master Lumpus in "Camp Lazlo". +Early and personal life. +Kenny was born on July 13, 1962 in Syracuse, New York. He studied at the Bishop Grimes High School. He has been currently married to Jill Talley since 1995. They have two children, Mack (born 1998) and Nora (born 2003). The Kennys live in Studio City, California. + += = = Regina King = = = +Regina King (born January 15, 1971 in Los Angeles) is an American movie and television actress. She began acting in 1985 with the situation comedy "227", on which program she stayed until 1990. She has performed in many movies, including "Jerry Maguire", "Boyz n the Hood" (1991) and "Higher Learning" (1995). She voiced both Huey and Riley Freeman in the Adult Swim television series "The Boondocks". + += = = Poetic Justice = = = +Poetic Justice is a 1993 urban drama movie. It stars Tupac Shakur, Regina King and Janet Jackson. It is about poems from the poet Maya Angelou. "Poetic Justice" received mixed to negative reviews, though received close to $28 million while in theaters. + += = = Wave function = = = +In quantum mechanics, the Wave function, usually represented by "�", or "�", describes the probability of finding an electron somewhere in its matter wave. To be more precise, the "square" of the wave function gives the probability of finding the location of the electron in the given area, since the normal answer for the wave function is usually a complex number. The wave function concept was first introduced in the Schrödinger equation. +Mathematical interpretation. +The formula for finding the wave function (i.e., the probability wave), is below: +formula_1 +where "i" is the imaginary number, "� (x,t)" is the wave function, "ħ" is the reduced Planck constant, "t" is time, "x" is position in space, "Ĥ" is a mathematical object known as the "Hamiltonian operator". The reader will note that the symbol formula_2 denotes that the partial derivative of the wave function is being taken. +Probabilistic nature. +Note that the wave in question, commonly referred to as Schrodinger's Wave, "is not in physical space", and does not give the probability of where an object is -- the object has no physical existence. The wave function gives "the probability that if you look, you will "observe" (emphasis mine) the object at a particular place". When nothing disturbs it, an electron does not exist in any place. "Quantum mechanics brings probability to the heart of the evolution of things." + += = = Partial derivative = = = +In calculus (particularly in multivariable calculus, the study of rate of change on functions with multiple variables), the partial derivative of a function is the derivative of one named variable, where all other unnamed variables of the function are held constant. In other words, the partial derivative takes the derivative of certain indicated variables of a function, and does not differentiate the other variable(s). +For the partial derivative of a function "f" with respect to the variable "x", the notations +formula_1, formula_2, formula_3 +are usually used, although other notations are valid. Usually, although not always, the partial derivative is taken in a multivariable function (a function which takes two or more variables as input). +Examples. +If we have a function formula_4, then there are several partial derivatives of "f(x, y)" that are all equally valid. For example, +Or, we can do the following: + += = = String (physics) = = = +In string theory and theoretical physics, strings are hypothetical objects that are believed to be the elementary particles of the universe. If they exist, they would not be point-like particles, but rather 1-dimensional "strings" of energy that vibrate in various dimensions. The image to the right illustrates the various possible dimensions that a string could vibrate in. (Currently, physicists accept the fact that there are at least 11 dimensions in our universe: 1 time dimension and 10 spatial dimensions.) The length of the strings would be determined by Planck length: +It is still not known whether these strings actually exist. They are pretty much the main topic of string theory. + += = = Kathy Ireland = = = +Kathleen Marie "Kathy" Ireland (born March 20, 1963 in Glendale, California) is an American fashion model, actress and businesswoman. She has been featured in "Sports Illustrated" swimsuit issue thirteen times and been on the cover three times. She also acted in several movies and television programs. Her licensing company, Kathy Ireland Worldwide, is responsible for most of her approximately $420 million wealth. + += = = Biff Elliot = = = +Biff Elliot (born Leon Shalek; July 26, 1923 – August 15, 2012) was an American television, stage, voice, radio, and movie actor. He is best known for his role as Mike Hammer in the 1953 movie "I, the Jury", and as his guest appearance in the "Star Trek" episode "The Devil in the Dark". +Elliot was born Leon Shalek on July 26, 1923, in Lynn, Massachusetts to Jack and Susan Elliot, he served in the army and later attended the University of Maine. After he graduated in 1949 he began acting and later appeared in 100 of movies and television programs, his career began and known after his role in "I, the Jury" in 1953. +Elliot was married to Betty Dole from 1948 until her death in 1974. He lastly married Connie Elliot from 1977 until his death in 2012. Elliot died on August 15, 2012, in his Studio City, California home from natural causes, he was 89 years old. + += = = Paul Ryan = = = +Paul Davis Ryan (born January 29, 1970) is an American politician. He was the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from October 29, 2015 to January 3, 2019. He was a member of U.S. House of Representatives from 1999 to 2019. He was also the House Budget Committee chairman. +Ryan also served as Chairman of the House Budget Committee from 2011 to 2015. He was the Republican Party nominee for Vice President in the 2012 election. On October 22, 2015, Ryan said he was going to run for Speaker of the United States to succeed John Boehner. He was elected on October 29 and shortly afterwards became speaker. As Speaker, Ryan helped launch the House passing of the American Health Care Act. +Ryan announced his retirement from Congress on April 11, 2018. +Early life. +Ryan was born at Mercyhealth Hospital and Trauma Center in Janesville, Wisconsin. His parents were Elizabeth A. "Judy" (née Hutter) and Paul Murray Ryan. Ryan studied at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. His father died of a heart attack when Ryan was in his teenage years. His grandmother moved in shortly afterwards because she had Alzheimer's disease. +United States representative (1999-2019). +Ryan was first elected to the House in 1999, winning the 1st District seat of Mark Neumann, a two-term incumbent who had vacated his seat to make an unsuccessful bid for the U.S. Senate. Ryan won the Republican primary over 29-year-old pianist Michael J. Logan of Twin Lakes. +Ryan became the ranking Republican member of the House Budget Committee in 2008, then chairman in 2012 after Republicans took control of the House. That same year he was selected to deliver the Republican response to the State of the Union address. +During his 12 years in the House, Ryan has sponsored more than 70 bills or amendments, of which two were enacted into law. One, passed in July 2000, renamed a post office in Ryan's district; the other, passed in December 2009, lowered the excise tax on arrow shafts. Ryan has also co-sponsored 975 bills, of which 176 have passed. 22 percent of these bills were originally sponsored by Democrats. +In 2010, Ryan was a member of the bipartisan National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform (Bowles-Simpson Commission), which was tasked with developing a plan to reduce the federal deficit. He voted against the final report of the commission. +In 2012, Ryan accused the nation's top military leaders of using "smoke and mirrors" to remain under budget limits passed by Congress. Ryan later said that he misspoke on the issue and called General Martin Dempsey, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, to apologize for his comments. +As of mid-2012, Ryan had been on seven trips abroad as part of a congressional delegation. +Speaker of the House (2015-2019). +On October 9, 2015, after the resignation of Speaker of the House John Boehner, Ryan confirmed that he might run for speaker. Ryan confirmed on October 22 that he would seek the speakership after receiving the endorsements of two factions of House Republicans, including the conservative Freedom Caucus. On October 29, Ryan was elected Speaker with 236 votes. He is the youngest Speaker since James G. Blaine in 1875. As Speaker, Ryan has had a role in passing the Every Child Suceeds Act, a big school reform law. He has been a major expert on the government budget, and worked with Senator Patty Murray to pass a budget before he was speaker. Ryan was the Speaker of the House during the 2016 Presidential election. On Wednesday, April 11, 2018, Speaker Ryan announced his intent not to re-election saying he will be retiring in January, at the end of his current term. +Retirement. +Ryan announced his retirement from the House on April 11, 2018. +Other political activities. +2012 vice presidential bid. +On August 11, 2012, he was selected by Republican Party Presidential Candidate Mitt Romney for Vice Presidential Candidate of the 2012 Presidential election. +Personal life. +Ryan is currently married to Jenna Little. They have three children. Before entering into politics, Ryan worked as a fitness instructor. He was also a speechwriter for New York congressman Jack Kemp during the early 1990s. + += = = Phil Leeds = = = +Phil Leeds (April 6, 1916 – August 16, 1998) was an American television and movie actor. Leeds' eyes, rubbery face and wizened made him known in movies and his guest appearences in television programs such as in; "The Dick Van Dyke Show", "Roseanne", "The Golden Girls", "Three's Comapany", "Friends", "Everybody Loves Raymond", "Wings", "The Patty Duke Show", "The Larry Sanders Show", and as a ghost in the movie "Ghost". +Leeds was born on April 6, 1916 in New York City, New York. Leeds was married to Toby Brandt until she passed in 1987, and had no children. Leeds died on August 16, 1998 from pneumonia in Los Angeles, California, he was 82 years old. + += = = Walter Slezak = = = +Walter Slezak (3 May 1902 – 21 April 1983) was an Austrian television and movie actor who appeared in many movies. Slezak mostly played villains or thugs, most notably the German U-boat captain in Alfred Hitchcock's movie "Lifeboat" (1944), but occasionally he got to play lighter roles, as in "The Wonderful World" of the "Brothers Grimm" (1962). He also played a cheerfully corrupt and philosophical private detective in the film noir "Born to Kill" (1947) and appeared as Squire Trelawney in "Treasure Island" (1972). He is also known for playing the Clock King in "Batman" (1966). Slezak won a Tony Award in 1955. +Slezak was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary. Slezak was married to Johanna Van Rijn from 1943 until his death in 1983. They had three children. Slezak died on April 21, 1983 after he shot himself in his home in Flower Hill, New York. He is buried in Rottach-Egern, Germany. + += = = David Wayne = = = +David Wayne (born Wayne James McMeekan January 30, 1914 – February 9, 1995) was an American television, voice, stage, and movie actor. He acted for nearly 50 years. He starred with famous actors such as Frank Sinatra, Marilyn Monroe, Debbie Reynolds, Celeste Holm, Katherine Hepburn, Elizabeth Taylor, and Spencer Tracy. He has appeared in nearly 100 movies. He won the first Tony Award for his role in the stage production of "Finian's Rainbow". +Wayne was born Wayne James McMeekan in Traverse City, Michigan on January 20, 1914. He was raised in Bloomingdale, Michigan. Wayne was married to Jane Gordon from 1941 until her death in 1993. They had two children. Wayne died on February 9, 1995 in his home in Santa Monica, California from lung cancer. He was 81 years old. His remains were cremated. + += = = Nusa Lembongan = = = +Nusa Lembongan is an island to the southeast of Bali, Indonesia at . It's area is about 8 square kilometers and there are about 7,000 people living on the island year round. It is part of a group of three islands called Pulau Penida. This island group is part of the Lesser Sunda Islands. This island group is on the western side of the Wallace Line. This line marks a change in animals and plants. To the east of this line, the ecology changes to become Australasian. +Tourism is the most important part of the economy of the island. Most tourist development is on the western side of the island at Mushroom Bay and Jungut Batu. Most local residents live in the central village of Nusa Lembongan. The other major industry is seaweed farming along the southwest coast between Nusa Lembongan and Nusa Cenignan. + += = = Yiddish Wikipedia = = = +Yiddish Wikipedia is the Yiddish language version of Wikipedia. It was founded on March 3, 2004, and the first article was written November 28, 2004. + += = = Mick Veivers = = = +Mick Veivers (born 12 August 1939) is an Australian politician from Queensland. He was the Member for Southport from 1987 to 2001 and was Minister for Emergency Services and Sport in the Borbidge Government. He was a member of the Queensland National Party. Before politics, he had been a rugby league player. + += = = Saskatoon Greystone = = = +Saskatoon Greystone was a district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. + += = = Carol Lawrence = = = +Carol Lawrence (born September 5, 1932 in Melrose Park, Illinois, USA) is an American stage and television actress. She is probably best known for playing best Maria in "West Side Story" in 1957. She has received several Tony Awards. She has performed on many television series, including "General Hospital" and "Sex and the City". +References. +<br> + += = = IS/LM model = = = +The IS/LM model is a tool that shows the relationship between interest rates and real output in "the goods and services market" and "the money market". IS/LM model is used in Macroeconomics. The point of meet of the IS curve and the LM curve is "general equilibrium". At general equilibrium, there is same equilibrium in both markets. The letters I and S of the IS curve express Investment-Saving. The letters L and M of the LM curve express Liquidity preference—Money supply. This model makes clear an effect of either a fiscal policy or a monetary policy. + += = = Fathom = = = +The fathom is a unit of length. It is used especially when talking about operating ships, to measure the depth of water. It is equal to two yards. The distance between a man's outstreched arms is about a fathom. By this definition, a statute mile is 880 fathoms long. According to the directive 80/181/EWG, one fathom is 1,829 meters long. +One fathom is equal to: +In 1959 the United States, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United Kingdom defined the length of the international yard to be exactly 0.9144 metre. With the adoption of the metric SI system the use of fathoms declined. + += = = Norio Sasaki = = = + is a former Japanese football player and manager. He managed for Japan women's national team. +Biography. +After graduating from Meiji University, Sasaki joined NTT Kanto. He was a midfielder. He contributed to the club's promotion to Japan Soccer League Division 2 in 1987. He retired in 1991. +Sasaki served as the head coach of Japan Football League side Omiya Ardija in 1998, then took various other positions at Omiya, including the youth team head-coach and the head of development. +In 2006, Sasaki became the assistant coach of Japan women's national team, as well as the head coach of its U-20 team. In 2008, he was promoted to the head coach of the national team, succeeding Hiroshi Ohashi. +Under Sasaki's reign, Japan won the EAFF Women's Football Championship in 2008 and again in 2010. He also led the Japan Women to a fourth-place finish at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. +Sasaki was the manager of the Japan when they won the 2011 World Cup. FIFA named Sasaki 2011 "Coach of the Year". He also coached the national team to a second-place finish at the 2015 World Cup. +He was also coach of the women's team which won a silver medal in the 2012 Summer Olympics at London. +Sasaki announced his retirement from coaching in 2012, but was persuaded to stay on as national team coach. +In 2019, he was selected Japan Football Hall of Fame. + += = = George C. Scott = = = +George Campbell Scott (October 18, 1927 – September 22, 1999) was an American stage, television, and movie actor, director and producer. He was best known for his stage work, and also well known as his role of General George S. Patton in the movie "Patton", and as General Buck Turgidson in Stanley Kubrick's "Dr. Strangelove". +Early life. +Scott was born in Wise, Virginia on October 18, 1927 to Helena Agnes (née Slemp) and to George Dewey Scott. He was educated at Redford High School and in the University of Missouri. +Career. +Scott began his career in 1958 in the movie "The Hanging Tree", and since then he has appeared in over 100 movie and more than 50 stage works, in movies he had appeared in; "Jane Eyre", "The Hospital", "A Christmas Carol", "Titanic (TV movie 1996)", "Movie Movie", "The Formula", "Patton", and in "Dr. Strangelove". In a interview Scott said that his influences were James Cagney, Paul Muni, and Bette Davis. +Personal life. +Scott was married to Carolyn Hughes from 1951 until they divorced in 1955. Later he married Patricia Reed from 1955 until they divorced in 1960. Thirdly he married Colleen Dewhurst from 1960 until they divorced in 1965, then again they married from 1962 through 1972 after they divorced again. Lastly Scott married Trish Van Devere from 1972 until his death in 1999. He and Karen Truesdell had a daughter Michelle. +Death. +Scott died on September 22, 1999 from an abdominal aortic aneurysm in Westlake Village, California, he was 71 years old. His remains are buried next to actor Walter Matthau in a unmarked grave. + += = = Marion Ross = = = +Marion Ross (born Marian Ross October 25, 1928) is a retired American actress who was best known for her role as Marion Cunningham on the television series "Happy Days" from 1974 to 1984. After "Happy Days" Ross had appeared in over 50 movies. She retired in 2018. +She was born in Watertown, Minnesota. She was educated at San Diego State University. She was married to Freeman Meskimen from 1951 until they divorced in 1969, they had two children. She was partners with Paul Michael from 1988 until his death in 2011. + += = = Scott Baio = = = +Scott Vincent James Baio (born September 22, 1960 in Brooklyn, New York City) is an American movie and television actor and television director. He is best known for his roles as Chachi Arcola on the sitcom "Happy Days" and its spin-off, "Joanie Loves Chachi". He was the main character in the series "Charles in Charge". Baio has been married to Renee Sloan since 2007. He has a daughter and a stepdaughter. Baio had two reality television series "Scott Baio Is 45...and Single" (2007) and "Scott Baio Is 46...and Pregnant" (2008) premiered on VH1. + += = = Al Molinaro = = = +Albert Francis "Al" Molinaro (June 24, 1919 – October 30, 2015) was an American television and movie actor, who is mostly known as Al Delvecchio, the owner of Arnold's on "Happy Days" and its spin-off show "Joanie Loves Chachi". +He is also known for his roles in "The Odd Couple" television series, as well as starring in commercials for On-Cor frozen dinners. He also starred in a 1982 comedy "The Ugily Family". Molinaro retired from acting in 1992. +Personal life. +Molinaro was born in Kenosha, Wisconsin on June 24, 1919 to an Italian family. Molinaro was married to Sidney Molinaro until they divorced. He has been married to Betty Farrell since 1981. With Sidney he has a son Michael Molinaro. +Molinaro died in Glendale, California from a gallbladder infection, aged 96. + += = = Jack Albertson = = = +Jack Albertson (June 16, 1907 – November 25, 1981) also known as Jackie Alberts was an American actor, comedian, dancer and singer. +Early life and career. +Albertson was born in Malden, Massachusetts to Flora (née Craft) and to Leopold Albertson. His career begun in 1938 and lasted until his death in 1981, but Albertson is known for his roles such as; Manny Rosen in "The Poseidon Adventure" (1972), Grandpa Joe in "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory" (1971), Amos Slade in the animated movie "The Fox and the Hound" (1981), and as Ed Brown in the 1974–1978 television comedy "Chico and the Man". For his contributions to the television industry, Jack Albertson was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. +Personal life and death. +Albertson was married to Wallace Thompson from 1952 until his death. They had a child, Maura Dhu Studi Albertson. Albertson died on November 25, 1981 in Hollywood, California from Colorectal cancer which he had for three years. He was 74 years old. + += = = Nora Roberts = = = +Eleanor Marie Robertson, better known as Nora Roberts (born October 10, 1950 in Maryland), is an American novelist. She has written over 200 romance books. Many of her novels were bestsellers. + += = = Irving Fein = = = +Irving Fein (June 21, 1911 – August 10, 2012) was an Emmy Award winning American television and movie producer, and the longtime manager of comedians Jack Benny and George Burns. +Fein was born in Brooklyn, New York. Fein was married to Florence Kohn until they divorced. Lastly he married Marion Schecter from 1969 until his death in 2012. Fein has two children and a stepson. Fein died on August 10, 2012 in Los Angeles, California from heart failure, he was 101 years old. + += = = Naughty Dog = = = +Naughty Dog is a video game company founded by Andy Gavin and Jason Rubin in 1986. It is part of Sony since 2001. They produced more successful games, including "Rings of Power" for Sega Genesis and "Way Of The Warrior" for 3DO. +"Rings of Power" was created with a low budget. Universal Studios signed a deal with the duo to a three-title deal and fund the expansion of the company. Mark Cerny, who had produced "Sonic the Hedgehog 2" for Sega, convinced Naughty Dog to focus on new resources on creating a character-based platform game in 3D. "Crash Bandicoot" was developed and became the first 3D video game by Naughty Dog. for the PlayStation on September 9, 1996. Naughty Dog would develop three "Crash Bandicoot" sequels over the next several years. In January 2001, it was announced Sony would acquire Naughty Dog. After developing the fourth "Crash Bandicoot" game ("Crash Team Racing"), the company began working on "Jak and Daxter" for PlayStation 2. In 2004, Naughty Dog's studio president and co-founder, Jason Rubin left the company to work on a new game named "Iron and the Maiden". +List of games. +As Jam Software +As Naughty Dog + += = = List of Sony Greatest Hits games = = = +Greatest Hits are video games for the North American Sony PlayStation, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, and PlayStation Portable game consoles that are released again but at a lower price by Sony. The term "Greatest Hits" applies to selected video games from North America. Other programs exist in PAL territories (as the Platinum Range), Japan and Asia (as "The Best") and Korea (as "BigHit Series"). +List of official Greatest Hits titles. +PlayStation. +The following titles have been released on the Greatest Hits label for PlayStation. +PlayStation 2. +The following titles have been released on the Greatest Hits label for PlayStation 2. +PlayStation 3. +The following titles have been released on the Greatest Hits label for PlayStation 3. +PlayStation Portable. +The following titles have been released on the Greatest Hits label for PlayStation Portable. + += = = Luleå = = = +Luleå (, Lule sami "Luleju", Finnish "Luulaja") is a city in northern Sweden. In 2010, 46,607 people lived there. It is the seat of Luleå Municipality and the capital of Norrbotten County. + += = = Platinum Range = = = +The Platinum Range is a Sony PlayStation chain. It includes PlayStation, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable video games that have been successful in PAL countries. Other chains from Sony include the Greatest Hits for North America and The Best for Japan. +To become a Platinum release it was required that a game must sell over 400,000 copies worldwide within a year. For PSP, not only Platinum Range exist. There are also PSP Essentials. The first PS3 titles were released on August 1, 2008. + += = = Paul Rusesabagina = = = +Paul Rusesabagina (born 1954) is a Rwandan humanitarian. He is known for hiding and protecting 1,268 people during the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Rusesabagina was the assistant manager of the Sabena Hôtel des Mille Collines. Later, he was the manager of the Hôtel des Diplomates. Both hotels are in Kigali, Rwanda. During the genocide, he used his influence and connections with high ranking and important people to protect 1,268 Tutsis and Hutus from being killed by the Interahamwe. +Rusesabagina's story was the basis of the Academy Award winning 2004 movie "Hotel Rwanda" staring Don Cheadle. Rusesabagina currently lives in Brussels, Belgium with his wife, four children and two adopted nieces. +On 20 September 2021, he was found guilty of terrorism-related charges. During the court proceeding, he denounced president Paul Kagame and reported that he had been abducted from exile to stand trial in Rwanda. + += = = Gameplay = = = +Gameplay is the way players interact with a game, and in particular with video games. It is the connection between the game rules, challenges and overcoming them and the plot. Video game gameplay is how attracting the graphics and audio are to the player. +Overview. +Along with the rise of video game development in the 1980s, the term gameplay was used only in the context of video games. Now its popularity has started to be used in the description of other, more traditional, game types. Generally, gameplay is about the general experience of playing a video game. It does not include other things like graphics and sound. Game mechanics, on the other hand, is the set of rules in a game that are supposed to make an enjoyable gaming experience. Academic discussions often use terms like "game mechanics". This is because "gameplay" is too general for academic discussions. + += = = Crash Nitro Kart = = = +Crash Nitro Kart is a 2003 racing video game developed by Vicarious Visions and published by Universal Interactive Studios (along with Konami in the Japanese release) for the PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, Xbox, Game Boy Advance and N-Gage. It is the second "Crash Bandicoot" racing game behind "Crash Team Racing". It is the ninth "Crash Bandicoot" game overall. + += = = List of best-selling PlayStation video games = = = +The list of best-selling PlayStation video games are listed in order of greatest to least best-selling video game. The video games listed here have sold or shipped at least one million copies. +List. +Total PlayStation games shipped as of March 31, 2007: 962 million. +PocketStation. +PocketStation games that have sold or shipped at least one million copies. + += = = Mary Ann Lee = = = +Mary Ann Lee (18231899) was one of America's first professional ballerinas. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to theatrical parents, and trained there with Paul Hazard of the Paris Opéra. She made her ballet debut as Fatima in 1837 in "The Maid of Cashmere" at the Chestnut Street Theatre in Philadelphia. Debuting in the same production was the great Augusta Maywood. Night after night, the two girls were showered with applause and bouquets. +Lee studied in New York City with James Sylvain, and made her New York debut in June 1839 at the Bowery Theatre. She did not confine herself to dance, but acted in melodramas and other stage works. She toured the United States, then studied with Ballet Master Jean Coralli in Paris. When she returned to the United States, she brought the directions for several popular ballets with her. She danced the first American performance of "Giselle" in Boston in 1846. +Lee danced and toured with George Washington Smith. She retired in 1847 at age 24 for health reasons. She married William Vanhook, a Philadelphia merchant. The couple had three children. She made a few returns to the stage, and taught dance in later life. She died in Philadelphia in 1899, and is buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery. Critics and ballet lovers alike were unanimous in their praise of Lee. If she had pursued her career rather than retirement, she would likely have become a star of international renown. + += = = Claire Forlani = = = +Claire Antonia Forlani (born December 1971) is an English movie performer who also stars on TV programs. She starred in the movie "Mystery Men" in 1999. She also starred in other movies. + += = = Eddy Arnold = = = +Richard Edward "Eddy" Arnold (May 1918-May 2008) was an American pop icon during the 1950s and 1960s. He sold almost 86 million albums and had many hit songs during his career. He was born in Tennessee. + += = = Arte Johnson = = = +Arthur Stanton Eric "Arte" Johnson (January 20, 1929 – July 3, 2019) was an American comedian and television, movie, and voice actor. His career lasted for 50 years. His career started in 1954 up until his retirement in 2005. Johnson was a regular cast in "Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In". His well-known "character" was that of a German soldier with his famous the catchphrase: "Verrrry interesting, but...['stupid', 'not very funny', and other versions]". He won a Saturn Award. +Johnson was born in Benton Harbor, Michigan. He was educated at the University of Illinois. He was married to Gisela Johnson from 1968 until his death. Johnson died on July 3, 2019 in Los Angeles from bladder and prostate cancer at the age of 90. + += = = Chia = = = +Chia may be: + += = = Chía, Cundinamarca = = = +Chía is a town in the Cundinamarca department of Colombia. It is to the north of Bogotá on the main road to Zipaquira. Its history goes back to the pre-Columbian time. The name comes from the Chibchan language. It means "moon" or "month". +It is home of the Universidad de la Sabana. + += = = Chía, Aragon = = = +Chía is a small town in the eastern Pyrenees, in Aragon, Spain; it is a municipality in the Huesca province. +People in this region speak "patués", a dialect of the eastern Aragonese language. +Geography. +Chía is in the Benasque Valley, on the foot of the Sierra de Chía, a short mountain range in the Pyrenees. It is about from Huesca, the capital city of the Huesca province. +The mean yearly temperature is and the mean yearly rainfall is . + += = = Chia, Italy = = = +Chia or Baia di Chia is a coastal area in southern Sardinia (Italy). It is part of the municipality of Domus de Maria in the Province of Cagliari. + += = = Robert Loggia = = = +Robert Loggia (Salvatore Loggia; January 3, 1930 – December 4, 2015) was an American actor and director. +Early life. +Loggia was born on January 3, 1930 in Staten Island, New York City to Benjamin Loggia and to Elena Blandino both of whom were born in Sicily, Italy. Loggia was educated at Wagner College and journalism at the University of Missouri. After his service in the US Army, Loggia began a his career in stage, movie, and television. +Career. +Loggia had a career span of 60 years since 1953, since then he appeared in many movies, including: "An Officer and a Gentleman", "", based on the Air New Zealand Flight 103 incident, "Scarface", "Prizzi's Honor", "Over the Top", "Independence Day", "Necessary Roughness", "Return to Me", "Armed and Dangerous", and "Big" (for which he won a Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor). +Personal life. +Loggia was married to Marjorie Sloan from 1954 until they divorced in 1981. He was married to Audrey O'Brien from 1982 until his death in 2015. Loggia has two children of his own and a stepchild. Loggia died at his home in Los Angeles, California from Alzheimer's disease, aged 85. + += = = Pigou effect = = = +The Pigou effect is an economics term that refers to the stimulation of output and employment. It is caused by increasing consumption due to a rise in real balances of wealth. It often happens particularly during deflation. +Wealth was defined by Arthur Cecil Pigou as "the sum of the money supply and government bonds divided by the price level". He explained that Keynes' General theory was incomplete because it was not clarifying a link from "real balances" to current consumption. He also pointed out that it didn't include such a "wealth effect" would make the economy more 'self correcting' to drops in aggregate demand than Keynes predicted. Because the effect derives from changes to the "Real Balance", this is also called the Real Balance effect. + += = = Joan Fontaine = = = +Joan de Beauvoir de Havilland (October 22, 1917 – December 15, 2013), known professionally as Joan Fontaine, was a British-American actress and singer. She and her older sister Olivia de Havilland were two of the last surviving leading ladies from Hollywood of the 1930s. +Fontaine is the only actress to have won an Academy Award for a performance in a movie directed by Alfred Hitchcock, "Suspicion" (1941). +Fontaine was born in Tokyo to British parents. She became an American citizen in 1943. She has divorced four times. She has one child from her second marriage. +She died on December 15, 2013 at her Carmel-by-the-Sea, California home from natural causes, aged 96. + += = = Charing Cross railway station = = = +Charing Cross station, is a central London rail terminus in the City of Westminster . The rail station is one of 18 stations managed by Network Rail, and trains serving it are operated by Southeastern. It is the fifth busiest rail terminal in London. +The station takes its name from the central London road junction of Charing Cross. The front of the rail station faces The Strand. The other end is the northern end of Hungerford Bridge, which is crossed by all trains serving the station. Ticket barriers control access to all platforms, although the bridge entrance has no barriers. +The original station building was built on the site of Hungerford Market and opened on 11 January 1864. The station has a single span wrought iron roof arching over the six platforms on its relatively cramped site. A year later the Charing Cross Hotel opened on 15 May 1865, and gave the station an ornate front in the French Renaissance style. At the same time, a replica of the Eleanor Cross was erected in the station forecourt, based on the original 13th century Whitehall Cross that had been demolished in 1647. Distances in London are officially measured from the original site of the cross in Whitehall, now the statue of Charles I, and not from this replica cross. + += = = Charing Cross tube station = = = +Charing Cross tube station is a London Underground station at Charing Cross. It has entrances in Trafalgar Square and The Strand. The station takes its name from the central London road junction of Charing Cross. +The station is served by the Northern and Bakerloo lines and provides an interchange with the National Rail network at the Charing Cross rail station. On the Northern Line it is between Embankment and Leicester Square stations on the Charing Cross branch, and on the Bakerloo Line it is between Embankment and Piccadilly Circus stations. It is in Travelcard Zone 1. +The station was served by the Jubilee Line between 1979 and 1999; acting as the southern terminus of the line during that period. For most of the history of the Underground the name "Charing Cross" was associated with a different station, the one now called Embankment. + += = = Shin Ik-hee = = = +Shin Ik-hee (, July 11, 1894 – May 5, 1956) was a Resistance activists, politician, and educator of South Korea. His nickname was Haegong (��, ��) and Haehoo (��, ��), customs name was Yeogu (��, ��). header of National Assembly of Koreas 1948 to 1954. + += = = Video game producer = = = +A video game producer is the person in charge during the development of a video game. +The earliest known use of the term "producer" in games was by Trip Hawkins. He became the first video game producer when he founded Electronic Arts in 1982. Hawkins believed that a video game producer could be like a record producer, who takes control over the whole development of a video game. Hawkins brought record producers from A&M Records to help train the first video game producers. +Back then, video game producer had a negative reputation as "imitation Hollywood" by game executives and press members. However, it is now a term that is accepted and used more often in video games. The role of the video game producer has been defined by different companies and different teams. There are a number of positions of a producer. +Video game producers earn the third most money in the video game industry. They earn an average of USD$75,000 annually. Associate producers with less than three years experience earn $43,000. However, those between three to six years of experience earn an average of $55,700 annually. Executive producers with over six years experience earn an average of $103,000 annually. + += = = Azathioprine = = = +Azathioprine is an immunosuppressant drug. It is used in, for example, the organ transplantation of kidneys. + += = = Video game artist = = = +A game artist is an artist who creates art for video games. Game artists are in charge of all game development of visual art. +Many game artists are asked to develop graphical environments and elements in which role-playing games take place. For example, in the "Monster Manual" early "Dungeons & Dragons" artists created visual imitations of monsters players might see while playing the video game. +Visual art can help make the gameplay of a video game more appealing to a player. Art for role-playing games can be expressed in a lot of different ways. These can include from pencil drawings, pen and ink drawings, oil paintings or even 3D models created with a computer. + += = = Video game music = = = +Video game music is any musical instruments or soundtrack and background music found in video games. It can be from just a synthesizer tune to an orchestral piece. The older a game is, the simpler the music will be. In recent times, many games have had complex soundtracks similar to those of movies. +Interactive soundtracks in a video game is music changing into different sounds, depending on what the player does. It is also common for a video game soundtrack to be sold in stores or performed in concerts. Music is very important to gameplay. +There are many awards for composers who create the music in a video game. Awards available are from the Ivor Novello Awards, Spike Video Game Awards, Grammy Awards, International Film Music Critics Association, Inside Gaming and the MTV Video Music Awards. +Video game music can set the mood of a video game, which can help the player to understand the video game that they're playing. + += = = Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine = = = +Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine (OPM) was a monthly video game magazine. It was published by Ziff Davis Media. It was a sister publication of "Electronic Gaming Monthly". The magazine talked about anything that dealt with the PlayStation. +Topics included its hardware, software, and culture. It covered new video game releases and critics gave reviews on games available on PlayStation One, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable. +The magazine was known for its free demos it included in each issue. The demos were upcoming or new video games that might be interesting to buy by the player. The magazine was produced for almost ten years. The first issue was the September 1997 issue and the final issue was released on January 2007. +In December 2007, one month after the magazine was discontinued, the ' (PSM), replaced OPM as the official magazine focusing on Sony game consoles. +Staff. +In the last issue of "OPM" staff included: +Past members included: + += = = Adolphe Nourrit = = = +Adolphe Nourrit (3 March 1802 – 8 March 1839) was a French operatic tenor, librettist, and composer. +He was born in Montpellier, Hérault. His father was an operatic tenor. Nourrit was almost 20 when he made his professional operatic debut in 1821 in Gluck's "Iphigénie en Tauride". In 1826, he succeeded his father as the principal tenor at the Paris Opéra. He held the position until 1836. He became a pupil of Rossini, and created all the principal tenor roles in Rossini's French operas. In time, he gained considerable power at the Opéra. He was consulted by composers and his approval was sought for works in progress. He was appointed to the Conservatoire de Paris in 1827. He wrote many libretti for ballets at the Opéra, and, in 1832, he wrote the libretto for "La Sylphide", the seminal romantic ballet. In 1836, he went hoarse during a performance at the Opéra and thereafter turned to salon recitals, introducing Schubert's songs to the salon audiences. He studied in Naples with Donizetti and made his debut in that city in 1838. +Death. +His physical and mental health declined and in 1839 he committed suicide. He was buried in Montmartre Cemetery with his wife, who only survived him by a few months, dying in childbirth. + += = = Pierre-Luc-Charles Cicéri = = = +Pierre-Luc-Charles Cicéri (17 August 178222 August 1868) was a 19th century French set designer. He was born in Saint-Cloud, Hauts-de-Seine, and died in Saint-Chéron, Essonne. Cicéri designed the scenery for the first performance of "La belle au bois dormant" which opened on 2 March 1825 at the Théâtre de l'Académie Royale de Musique in Paris. He also designed the sets for a ballet version of "Jocko ou le Singe du Brésil" ("Jocko or the Monkey of Brazil") by Frédéric-Auguste Blache with music by Alexandre Piccinni. The ballet was first performed at the Théâtre de la Porte Saint-Martin in Paris on 16 March 1825. He designed the scenery for the first performance of the ballet "Giselle" in 1841. The ballet opened at the Opéra and was especially acclaimed for the setting of its second act. He was awarded a Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur. + += = = Jesse Robredo = = = +Jesse Manalastas Robredo (May 27, 1958 – August 18, 2012) was the Secretary of the Interior and Local Government of the Philippines. Robredo was a member of the Liberal Party. +Until his death in 2012, Robredo was married to Leni Gerona who is the 14th and current Vice President of the Philippines. +On July 9, 2010, President Benigno Aquino III named Robredo as Secretary of the Interior and Local Government. Robredo was a former Mayor of Naga City in Camarines Sur. He was the first Filipino Mayor to receive the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Government Service in 2000. +On August 18, 2012 (PHT), the aircraft carrying Robredo crashed off Masbate bay. He was scheduled to attend a political event in Naga City. The Philippine Department of Interior and Local Government said that the pilot sent a distress call to the Masbate airport. The pilot was requesting an emergency landing. The plane never made it to the airport and crashed in the ocean. His body was retrieved three days later, August 21, 800 meters from the shore and 180 feet below sea level. + += = = Michael Stuhlbarg = = = +Michael S. Stuhlbarg (born July 5, 1968), is an American theatre, movie and television actor. His most important movie roles are "Larry Gopnik" in "A Serious Man" (2009), and "Griffin" in "Men in Black 3" (2012). Stuhlbarg is Jewish. He recently appeared as "Dr. Robert Hoffstetler/Dimitri Mosenkov" in "The Shape of Water" (2017). + += = = Mount Herzl = = = +Mount Herzl (, ), also called "Har HaZikaron" (, which means "Mount of Remembrance"), is the national cemetery of Israel in Jerusalem. It is named for Theodor Herzl, the founder of modern political Zionism. Yad Vashem, the main Holocaust museum of Israel is on the Mount of Remembrance. It is an extension of Mount Herzl. Mount Herzl is 834 meters above sea level. The northern area is the National Military and Police cemetery and the southern area is the National Civil Cemetery of the State of Israel. +National Civil Cemetery of the State of Israel (Helkat Gdolei Ha'Uma). +The southern slope of Mount Herzl is dedicated to the leaders and important public persons of the state of Israel. In Hebrew this cemetery is called Helkat Gdolei Ha'Uma ("the section of the great people of the nation"). The cemetery region includes national memorials of the Israeli public and memorial gardens of leaders that visit the state of Israel. +Mount Herzl Plaza. +Mount Herzl Plaza is central ceremonial plaza in Mount Herzl in Jerusalem. The plaza is used for the opening ceremony of Israel Independence Day every year. On the northern side of the plaza is the grave of Theodor Herzl, the founder of modern political Zionism. The plaza is at the highest spot of Mount Herzl in the center of the national cemetery. On 18 April 2012, during the rehearsals for the Independence Day ceremony, an electrical lamppost fell down. It killed one soldier and wounded seven other soldiers. The soldier was buried in the military cemetery nearby. +Menorah sculpture. +The Menorah sculpture is at the entrance to Mount Herzl. It is dedicated to the Third Temple. It was made in 2002 by sculptor Ben Zion Tzefoni. +Garden of the Nations. +The Garden of the Nations is a public garden. It has been planted with olives trees by foreign leaders visiting Israel. Each tree is has a plaque with the name of the leader who planted it. +Herzl Museum. +The Herzl Museum is a biographical museum. It tells the story of Theodor Herzl and his vision to create a Zionist country. The museum opened in 2005. +Mount Herzl Educational Center. +Mount Herzl Educational Center - The Stella and Alexander Margolis Educational Center for study of Zionism is located beside the Herzl Museum. It opened in 2013. A small memorial garden to Norman Herzl was planted beside the study center. +Path to Yad Vashem. +The memorial path was designed by the architect Uri Abramson and was built by Israeli youth organizations in 2003. It tells the story of the birth of the state of Israel, from the beginning of the Zionism until the declaration of the state. The path runs from the National Civil Cemetery to Yad Vashem. +Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial. +The Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial is the main memorial for all victims of terrorism in Israel from 1851 until today. The Memorial was opened in 1997, and every year, a ceremony is held on the plaza of the memorial. +National Military and Police Cemetery. +The main Israel Defense Forces cemetery is on the northern slope of Mt. Herzl. The cemetery includes memorials to members of the IDF who have fallen in the line of duty, and memorial gardens to the people who fought for the pre Zionist state. The Israel Police cemetery, for police officers who have fallen in the line of duty, is also located there. +Garden of Those Missing in Action. +The Garden of Those Missing in Action is a Memorial Garden in the National Military and Police Cemetery dedicated to people who have gone missing in action so that their burial place is unknown. It is also dedicated to the memory of unknown soldiers. In the garden there is a wall of names of people hwo have gone missing starting in 1914 until the present day. Beside it, empty graves represent missing soldiers and officers who have fought in the Israeli Defense Forces. +National Memorial Hall. +The National Memorial Hall For Israel's Fallen () at Mount Herzl in Jerusalem is an initiative of the Israeli Ministry of Defense to commemorate all military Israeli casualties of war and Jewish fighters from 1860 until today. The proposal to build the hall was announced by Defense Minister Ehud Barak in 2010. +In 2012, the Israeli government approved the establishment of the National Memorial Hall at a cost of $40 million. Certification has been delayed because of a petition to the court by families of terror victims. They say that there is no mention in the hall of the names of those victims, although the Hall is planned to be built next to the main memorial to Israeli terror victims. +The Memorial Hall opened on 30 April 2017. +Memorial of the Unknown Soldier. +In the center of the hall is the eternal flame dedicated to the unknown soldiers of Israel. This means at least one unidentified set of remains is buried there so that the families of soldiers whose bodies were never brought back can go there, imagine it is their dead relative, and mourn. +Ancient burial cave. +An ancient Jewish burial cave from the Second Temple period was found in the military cemetery in 1954. Architect Asher Hiram designed a new entrance for the cave, so it is included in the cemetery. +Mount of Remembrance. +The Mount of Remembrance is the western summit of Mount Herzl. It is 806 meters above sea level. It is called Mount of Remembrance in memory of the victims of the Holocaust. Yad Vashem museum is on the top of the mountain. +Yad Vashem. +Yad Vashem is the national Holocaust museum of Israel. The museum includes the International School for Holocaust Studies, the International Institute for Holocaust Research, the Valley of the Destroyed Communities, the Hall of Names, and the Righteous Among the Nations memorial path. + += = = National Library of Israel = = = +The National Library of Israel (NLI; ; formerly the Jewish National and University Library - JNUL, ), is the national library of the state of Israel. It is on the campus of Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Givat Ram. + += = = Israel Museum = = = +The Israel Museum (, Muze'on Yisrael, Yerushalayim) is Israel's national museum. It is in Jerusalem. It was founded in 1965. It is on a hill in the Givat Ram near The National Campus for the Archaeology of Israel, Bible Lands Museum and the Knesset. + += = = Emperor newt = = = +The emperor newt ("Tylototriton shanjing") is a highly toxic newt. It lives in southeast Asia. They live in pools and slow-moving streams in subtropical forests.They mostly are awake during night and sleep during the day. The emperor newt usually eats small insects. These include crickets and worms. +It is also called the mandarin newt or mandarin salamander. They can grow up to long. It has a ridged orange head. A single orange ridge runs along its back. This ridge is lined with two parallel rows of orange bumps on a black background. The tail and legs are entirely orange. There are different shades of orange. +When the newt is grabbed, the tips of the ribs will squeeze out poison. Emperor newts have enough toxin to kill about 7,500 mice. + += = = Elle Varner = = = +Gabrielle Shellise Varner (born February 12, 1989), simply known as Elle Varner is an American singer-songwriter. Her parents, Mikelyn Roderick and Jimmy Varner were publishers and songwriters. Elle signed a recording agreement with Sony Music in 2009. Her debut album "Perfectly Imperfect" was released on August 7, 2012. Two singles from the album were released: "Only Wanna Give It to You" and "Refill". The singles reached the top twenty on the US "Billboard" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. +1989-2010: Early life and career beginnings. +Elle is of Cape Verdean descent. She is the daughter of Mikelyn Roderick and Jimmy Varner. They are publishers and songwriters. Roderick was a backing vocalist for Barry White and has written and recorded with Tevin Campbell and Rahsaan Patterson. Jimmy Varner has done collaborations with Gerald Alston, Kool & the Gang, and Will Downing. +Elle began playing the flute at age 6 and the piano at age 9. She grew up around recording studios because of her parents jobs. She attended Alexander Hamilton High School's Academy of Music's Vocal Jazz Group. She wrote songs while being there. One of which "Thankful" won the top prize at their talent show. Because of this, she was accepted in NYU's Clive Davis Department of Recorded Music. She graduated there in 2008. In October 2009, she signed a recording agreement with MBK/J-RCA Records along with an agreement with Sony Music. She became the first artist to be featured on BET's Music Matters campaign that same year. +2011–present: "Perfectly Imperfect". +Elle's debut single "Only Wanna Give It to You" was released on August 6, 2011, from her debut album "Perfectly Imperfect" (2012). It features American rapper J. Cole. It got to number 20 on the US "Billboard" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. In October 2011, Elle was listed as one of TheBoomBox's "15 Artists to Watch". On October 7, 2011, Elle was moved to RCA Records. +Elle released a mixtape "Conversational Lush" on January 23, 2012, as a promotion of her new album. The song "Refill" was released as the second single on January 31, 2012, on iTunes. It debuted at number 78 on the US "Billboard" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. Elle's debut album was released on August 7, 2012 and got to number three on the US "Billboard" 200 albums chart. + += = = Perfectly Imperfect = = = +Perfectly Imperfect is the first album by American singer-songwriter Elle Varner. It was released on August 7, 2012 by RCA Records. Songwriters and producers on the album include Jermaine Lamar Cole, Andrew "Pop" Wansel, Warren "Oak" Felder, Frankie Storm and Darrhyl Camper. +Promotion. +On January 23, 2012, Varner released a mixtape, titled "Conversational Lush" as part of a promotion for the album. The mixtape was released after the first single of the album, "Only Wanna Give It to You". The mixtape includes 13 tracks, and production from J.U.S.T.I.C.E. League, Bei Maejor, Andrew "Pop" Wansel and Warren "Oak" Felderand. +Singles. +There have been three singles to have been released. The lead single "Only Wanna Give It to You" was released on August 16, 2011. It features American rapper J. Cole. It got to number 20 on the US "Billboard" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. The second single "Refill" was released on January 31, 2012. It got to number 10 on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. "I Don't Care" was released on July 16, 2012, the third single. It got to number 80 on the same chart. +Reviews. +Allmusic compared the album to the debuts of American singer Chrisette Michele and Jazmine Sullivan. Allmusic gave a positive review saying ""Perfectly Imperfect" sounds like the assured work of a singer and songwriter -- one who co-composes and co-produces her material -- who is on her third or fourth album." They also liked Varner's vocals. +Personnel. +Credits for "Perfectly Imperfect": + += = = Elle Varner discography = = = +Elle Varner, an American singer-songwriter, has released one studio album, one mixtape, three singles, one promotional single and two music videos. + += = = Johann Friedrich Franz Burgmüller = = = +Friedrich Burgmüller (Johann Friedrich Franz Burgmüller, 4 December 1806 – 13 February 1874) was a German pianist and composer. He was born in Regensberg, Germany, to a musical family. In 1832, he settled in Paris and adopted the French musical style. He wrote many works for piano, especially etudes for children that are still played today. His best known work is probably the "Peasant pas de deus" (originally "Souvenirs de Ratisbonne") in Adolphe Adam's ballet "Giselle" (1841). It is not known how this music came to be inserted into the ballet. + += = = Hurricane Richard = = = +Hurricane Richard was the seventeenth named storm and the tenth hurricane of the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season. The National Hurricane Center declared it a tropical storm on October 20. +Throughout Belize, Hurricane Richard caused about US$80 million in damage. Two deaths took place in the country, one direct and the other indirect. One person drowned after his ship broke during the storm. Another was mauled to death by a jaguar that escaped its cage after a tree fell and broke the cage. + += = = Belize District = = = +The Belize District is a district of the nation of Belize. The district capital is the nation's largest city, Belize City. +Settlements. +San Pedro Town, which is on the island of Ambergris Caye, is also in the Belize District. Caye Caulker and St. George's Caye are the island villages in this district. Maskall, Bomba, Corozalito, Santana, Lucky Strike, Rockstone Pond, Boston, Crooked Tree, Biscayne, May Pen, Gardenia, Grace Bank, Sand Hill, Lord's Bank, Ladyville, Burrel Boom, Buttercup, Scotland Halfmoon, Flowers Bank, Bermudian Landing, Isabella Bank, Double Head Cabbage, Willows Bank, Saint Paul's Bank, Big Falls, Rancho Dolores, Hattieville, Freetown Sibun, Gracie Rock, La Democracia, and Gales Point are all mainland villages in the Belize District. The Crooked Tree and Monkey Bay Wildlife Sanctuaries, the Belize Zoo (30 miles west of Belize City), as well as the ancient Maya ruins of Altun Ha are all in this district. +History. +The Belize District was the area first settled by Europeans. They lived along the rivers and creeks because these waterways were used for transportation. Many of the estates were called the owner's 'bank'(as in the banks of a river). Therefore, Mr. Lord's estate on the bank of the Belize River became Lord's Bank. Mr. Flowers' home place on this same river became Flowers Bank. Many of these old estates have grown into villages. Other places such as Baker, Bob Eiley, Bocotora, Nago Bank, Washing Tree, Cedar Bank, Churchyard, Egypt, Watters Bank, and White Hill are old estates which did not become villages. Some places like Davis Bank and Tropical Park have now become parts of larger communities. +Geography. +Most of the Belize District is in the east central mainland of Belize. The Belize District also includes offshore islands, including Ambergris Caye, Caye Caulker, St. George's Caye, Caye Chapel, English Caye and Goff's Caye. Ambergris Caye and Caye Caulker are two of the country's main tourism areas. The longest river in the country, the Belize River, passes through the district and joins the Caribbean Sea along its coast. The Northern River, Sibun River, and Manatee River are also in this District. + += = = Atelopus longirostris = = = +Atelopus longirostris, a harlequin frog or jambato, is a member of the family of true toads: Bufonidae. It has only been found in northern Ecuador. It was believed to be extinct extinct, and species had not been seen since 1989, until its rediscovery im 2016 +Description. +"Atelopus longirostris" has a slender body with long legs. Males have legs up to 35 mm, and females up to 47 mm. The dorsum is brown with yellow or cream rounded spots. The flanks are dark brown or black. The venter is whitish with some brown in the throat and chest. + += = = Atelopus = = = +Atelopus, commonly known as harlequin frogs, is a large genus of true toads. They live in Central and South America. They go as far north as Costa Rica and as far south as Bolivia. "Atelopus" are small, generally brightly colored and diurnal. Most species live near mid- to high-elevation streams. Many species are now considered endangered, while others already are extinct. The cause of these declines mostly appears to be the chytrid fungus "Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis". +New "Atelopus" species are discovered with some regularity. Many new species have been described in the last ten years. + += = = Adenomus = = = +Adenomus is a small genus of true toads. It only has three species. These all live in Sri Lanka. "Adenomus kandianus" was thought to be extinct for 133 years. It was rediscovered in October 2009 in the Kandy area. + += = = Altiphrynoides = = = +Altiphrynoides is a genus of toads. They are commonly called Ethiopian toads. They only live in the highlands of south-central Ethiopia in the Arussi, Bale, and Sidamo provinces. Both species are threatened by habitat loss. They used to be included in "Nectophrynoides". Now they are separate because they lay eggs, while "Nectophrynoides" give birth to fully developed young. + += = = Amietophrynus = = = +Amietophrynus is a large genus of true toads. They live in Africa. At first "Amietophrynus" species were included in the genus "Bufo". They have been split because they are considered different enough. + += = = Andinophryne = = = +Andinophryne is a small genus of true toads. There are only three species. They are found in the Andes. + += = = Ansonia (frog) = = = +Ansonia (commonly known as stream toads) is a small genus of true toads. They are found in South India; northern Thailand; Malay Peninsula; Tioman Island; Borneo and Mindanao (Philippines). These are a small forest species. They spawn in streams and have torrent-adapted tadpoles. + += = = Darryl F. Zanuck = = = +Darryl Francis Zanuck (September 5, 1902 – December 22, 1979) was an American producer, writer, actor, director and studio executive. He played a major part in the Hollywood studio system. He earned three Academy Awards. His career lasted 48 years. +Zanuck was born in Wahoo, Nebraska on September 5, 1902 to Louise (née Torpin) and Frank Zanuck. Zanuck was married to Virginia Fox from 1924 until they separated in 1956. They had three children. One of their children was movie producer Richard D. Zanuck who produced "Jaws". +Zanuck died on December 22, 1979 in Palm Springs, California from jaw cancer. He was 77 years old. + += = = Bufoides = = = +Bufoides is a genus of true toad. Bufoides meghalayanus is the only species. They are known as "Mawblang Toad" or "Khasi Hills Toad". They live in north-eastern India. + += = = Capensibufo = = = +Capensibufo is a genus of true toads with only two species. The common English name is Cape Toads. They live in the Republic of South Africa from Breede River to north of Knysna, Western Cape Province. + += = = Churamiti = = = +Churamiti is a genus of the true toads. The only species is Churamiti maridadi. They live in Tanzania. It is listed as a critically endangered species. This is due to a restricted range and habitat loss. + += = = Crepidophryne = = = +Crepidophryne is a genus of toads commonly called Cerro Utyum Toads. The genus has three species. They live throughout the Costa Rican and Panamian highlands. + += = = Dendrophryniscus = = = +Dendrophryniscus is a genus of true toads. They live in the forests of Brazil, amazonian Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and the Guianas. They prefer to live in subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. + += = = Virginia Fox = = = +Virginia Fox (April 2, 1902 – October 14, 1982) was an American actress who starred in many silent movie of the 1910s and 1920s, her career spanned 14 years. +Fox was born in Wheeling, West Virginia to Marie (née Oglseby) and Frederick Fox. She was married to Darryl F. Zanuck from 1924 until they separated in 1956. They had three children, one of them was movie producer Richard D. Zanuck. Fox died on October 14, 1982 in Palm Springs, California from emphysema and from cerebral thrombosis, she was 80 years old. +Other websites. + += = = Didynamipus = = = +Didynamipus is a genus in the Bufonidae family. Didynamipus sjostedti, also called the four-digit toad, is the only species. They live in Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, and Nigeria. They prefer to live in subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and heavily degraded former forest. They are threatened by habitat loss. + += = = Duttaphrynus = = = +Duttaphrynus is a genus of true toads. They live in southwestern and southern China (including Taiwan and Hainan) and throughout southern Asia from northern Pakistan and Nepal through India to Sri Lanka, Andaman Island, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and Bali. +Description. +These toads have heads with bony ridges. The nose area is short and blunt. The first finger of these toads is longer than the second. The toes are half webbed. The toads are brown above and yellow beneath, marbled with brown. + += = = Natterjack toad = = = +The natterjack toad ("Epidalea calamita", formerly "Bufo calamita") is a toad. They live in the sandy and heathland areas of Europe. Adults are 60–70 mm in length. They are different from other toads because they have a yellow line down the middle of the back. They have relatively short legs. This gives them a distinctive gait, which is different than the hopping movement of many other toad species. +Natterjacks have a very loud and distinctive mating call. +Life history. +Natterjacks live for up to 15 years and feed on insects, worms and small reptiles. At night they move around open land with little vegetation. Their tracks can often be seen in loose sand. They move large distances each night. +Reproduction. +The Natterjack Toad spawns between the end of April and July. They lay 'strings' of eggs in shallow, warm pools. Because the Natterjack Toad is often present in low numbers, its loud mating calls are important so that the sexes can find each other. +For Natterjacks, pools need to have a small slope with little vegetation on the banks and in the water. Sometimes the larvae die when the pools dry out. The Natterjack mates a few times each summer. The age of the young can vary from a month to 3 months in September. +Distribution. +There are toads in seventeen European countries. In the British Isles the toad is mostly in coastal areas. In mainland Europe, particularly in the southern part of its range, it lives inland in a variety of places. +Ireland. +The Natterjack Toad is the only species of toad native to Ireland. It is found on the Dingle peninsula and Derrynane in County Kerry and also in County Wexford. + += = = Frostius = = = +Frostius — also called Frost's Toads — is a small genus of true toads. There are only two species. + += = = Ingerophrynus = = = +Ingerophrynus is a genus of true toads with eleven species. Ten of the species in this genus used to be thought to be species of the genus "Bufo". In 2007 a new species, "Ingerophrynus gollum", was added to this genus. This species is named after the character Gollum created by J. R. R. Tolkien. These species live in Southern Yunnan and Indochina; peninsular Thailand and Malaya to Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Nias Island, and Sulawesi. + += = = Liquidity preference = = = +In Macroeconomics, the liquidity preference is the demand to hold cash as risk-free wealth. This is also known as Cash preference. The idea was first developed by John Maynard Keynes in his book The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (1936). + += = = Miroslava Karpovich = = = +Miroslava Olegovna Karpovich (, ; born on March 1, 1986 in Berdyansk, Ukrainian SSR, USSR) is a Ukraine-born Russian movie, television and theatre actress, comedian, model. Most famous for role of Maria Vasnetsova in sitcom "", where she has been playing since July 13, 2007. + += = = Saina Nehwal = = = +Saina Nehwal (born March 17, 1990) is an Indian female athlete. She is best known as a badminton player who competed in the Summer Olympic Games. +Saina won a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. +Accomplishments. +SAINA NEHWAL was awarded the Arjuna Award in 2009 and a year later, the Government of India honoured her with the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian honour in India. +In 2009, Nehwal was honoured with India’s highest award for sporting excellence - the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award. +In 2016, the Government of India awarded Saina Nehwal the Padma Bhushan. It is the 3rd highest civilian honour in the country. +She became the first Indian badminton player to win a BWF Series event and continued to impress on her way to winning the gold medal at the Commonwealth Games in 2010. +In 2015, Saina Nehwal won the singles event at the India Open BWF Super Series and became the number 1 women’s player in the Badminton World Federation rankings. + += = = Laurentophryne parkeri = = = +Laurentophryne parkeri, also called Parker's tree toad, is a species of toad in the Bufonidae family. It is the only species in the genus Laurentophryne. They live in the Kivu region in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. +It is threatened by habitat loss. + += = = Leptophryne = = = +Leptophryne is a small genus of true toads. There are only two species. They are found in southeast Asia, in Peninsular Thailand through the Malay Peninsula. + += = = Melanophryniscus = = = +Melanophryniscus (South American Redbelly Toads) is a genus of toads. There are 25 amphibian species located in Argentina, south of Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. + += = = Mertensophryne = = = +Mertensophryne or "Snouted Frogs" is a genus of true toads. They live in eastern and southern Democratic Republic of Congo to Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, southeastern Zimbabwe and Mozambique. + += = = Sapito Rugoso Del Marahuaka = = = +The Sapito Rugoso Del Marahuaka (Metaphryniscus sosae) is a species of toad in the Bufonidae family. It is the only species in the genus "Metaphryniscus". It lives in Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. + += = = Nectophryne = = = +Nectophryne, or African tree toads, is a genus of true toads. There are only two species. They live in western Africa - Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, northeastern Congo, Bioko and Equatorial Guinea. + += = = Filling Station (ballet) = = = +Filling Station is a one-act ballet. The libretto (story) is based on a newspaper report. Virgil Thomson wrote the music. Lew Christensen choreographed (designed) the dances. Christensen performed the role of Mac, the filling station attendant. Paul Cadmus designed the sets and costumes. The ballet was first performed in Hartford, Connecticut by Ballet Caravan in November 1937. A performance was given at the Martin Beck Theater in New York City on May 18, 1939, with Christensen again in the role of the attendant. +Mac is a young, good-looking filling station attendant. His evening solitude is broken by two young and greasy but good-natured truck drivers. The State Trooper (policeman) enters in pursuit. He lectures the boys on their disregard for the speed limit. A brash motorist, his wife, and bratty child interrupt. The Rich Boy and The Rich Girl enter. They are drunken refugees from a country club dance. They rhumba and the others join them. Suddenly, a gangster enters shooting his gun. Mac, the truck drivers, and The State Trooper thwart his attempt to stage a robbery. The Rich Girl however is caught in the gangster's line of fire and dies on the pavement. Her limp body is carried off. The spectators drift away. Mac settles down with his radio and a newspaper to wait for business. +Dance historian Grace Robert praises the ballet in her book "The Borzoi Book of Ballets". She singles out the characterizations in particular, noting that they are "definite and well-rounded" and that all of them are seen in terms that are "balletic". She points to the pursuit of the gangster as an especially effective moment. On a darkened stage, several figures with flashlights perform "grand jetée" (leaps). The beams of light and flying figures create an effect "dramatic out of all proportion to the simplicity of the means employed." The ballet was popular in South America when it was performed there in 1941 by an American company assembled by Lincoln Kirstein. Writing in 1949, Robert noted that only the score survived at that date but a suite arranged from it was heard occasionally in concert or on the radio. + += = = Billy the Kid (ballet) = = = +Billy the Kid is a one-act ballet. The libretto (story) is attributed to Lincoln Kirstein and is based on the life of Billy the Kid. The music was written by Aaron Copland. Eugene Loring designed the dances. Jared French designed the scenery and costumes. The ballet was first performed in Chicago in October 1938. It was performed in New York City at the Martin Beck Theater on May 24, 1939 with Loring as Billy and Marie-Jeanne in the dual role of Mother and Mexican Sweetheart. During Christmas week 1939, the ballet was presented at the St. James Theater in New York City with Michael Kidd as Billy and Alicia Alonso as Mother and Mexican Sweetheart. +Story. +The ballet opens with pioneers heading west led by Pat Garrett in "March". In "Street Scene", cowboys, Indians, dance hall girls, and other western types throng the street of a town. Billy and his Mother enter as a brawl breaks out. Alias (as cowboy) kills Billy's Mother with a wild shot. Billy stabs Alias and runs away. +In "Billy's Soliloquy", Billy shoots Alias (as land agent) during a card game. In "Card Game on the Desert" and "Gun Battle", Garrett accuse Billy of cheating at cards and goes off. The posse approaches led by Alias (as sheriff). Billy's gang is killed, but Billy kills Alias. The posse takes him to jail. At the end of "Macabre Dance", the Mexican Sweetheart enters looking for Billy. In "Jail Scene" Billy escapes by killing Alias (as jailer). +In "Desert", Alias (as Indian Guide) leads Billy to the Mexican Sweetheart's hide-out. Billy has no thought for anyone but himself and the Sweetheart leaves. The Indian Guide returns with Garrett, and, when Billy lights a cigarette in the darkness, Garret kills him ("Billy's Death"). Mexican women mourn Billy's death in "Pietà". The ballet ends with Garret leading pioneers in "Closing March". + += = = Calico = = = +Calico may mean: + += = = Ballet d'action = = = +Ballet d'action is an 18th-century ballet movement. It was started by French choreographer Jean Georges Noverre in 1760. The movement focused on character and emotional expression through dancers' bodies and faces, instead of elaborate costumes and props. Noverre started the movement because he was unhappy with the attention focused on technical expertise. He expressed his views in his book "Lettres sur la danse et les ballets". He stated there that the purpose of ballet is "to represent characters and express their feelings" through movement rather than costume. + += = = Nectophrynoides = = = +Nectophrynoides is a genus of true toads. They live in Eastern Arc forests and wetlands in Tanzania. All but "N. tornieri" are threatened. Species of the genus are ovoviviparous: fertilization is internal, and the females give birth to fully developed, small toadlets. Together with the West Africa "Nimbaphrynoides", they are the only frogs/toads in the world that do not lay eggs. + += = = Nimbaphrynoides = = = +Nimbaphrynoides is a genus of true toads. They live in the highlands in the Mount Nimba region of the West African countries of Guinea, Liberia and Côte d'Ivoire. They are Critically Endangered due to habitat loss, and iron and bauxite mining in their small ranges. +The two species are viviparous. This means they have internal fertilisation. The female gives birth to fully developed, tiny toadlets. "Nectophrynoides" and "Nimbaphrynoides" are the only frogs/toads that do not lay eggs. + += = = Oreophrynella = = = +Oreophrynella (bush toads) is a genus of true toads. They live in southern Venezuela, Guyana and far northern Brazil. + += = = Black-knobbed map turtle = = = +The black-knobbed map turtle ("Graptemys nigrinoda") is a species of aquatic turtles. Their skin is light gray and have spikes on their shell. They are part of the "Graptemys" genus and were once called the black-knobbed sawback turtle. They live in rivers in the Mobile Bay in Alabama and Mississippi. + += = = Amazonas (Venezuela) = = = +Amazonas is one of the 23 states into which Venezuela is divided. Amazonas State covers a total surface area of 176,899 km2 and, in 2007, had a population of 142,200. +The state capital is Puerto Ayacucho. Amazonas has Venezuela's highest proportion of indigenous peoples of Venezuela. +Geography. +Rivers. +In this state comes the main river of Venezuela, the Orinoco, in the mount delgado Chalbaud. Other rivers in the state are: Ventuari river, Yatití, Parú, Asita, Manapiare, Marieta, Guapachí, Ocamo, Putaco, Padamo, Cuntinamo, Botamo, Matacuní, Ugueto, Mavaca, Manaviche, Cunucunuma, Guanane, Yagua, Guaviare, Sipapo, Cataniapo Atabapo, Uesete, Siapa, Ararí, Manipitare, Casiquiare, Pamoni, Pasiba, Pasimoni, Negro and Guainía. +National parks. +The State of Amazonas has many natural sites of great interest. +Fauna. +The rich fauna of the region is represented by numerous specimens of mammals, reptiles, fish and birds. + += = = Osornophryne = = = +Osornophryne (Plump Toads) is a genus of true toads. They live in Colombia and Ecuador. + += = = Pedostibes = = = +Pedostibes (Asian Tree Toads) is a genus of true toads. They live in South India, Malay Peninsula to Borneo and Sumatra. They have horizontal pupils and webbed fingers and toes. + += = = Pelophryne = = = +Pelophryne (Flathead Toads) is a genus of true toads. They live in the Philippines, Borneo, Malaya, Singapore and Hainan Island, China. + += = = Pseudobufo subasper = = = +Pseudobufo subasper is a species of toad in the Bufonidae family. It is the only species in the genus Pseudobufo. They are found in Indonesia and Malaysia. They live in subtropical or tropical swamps. They are threatened by habitat loss. +This toad can only be found in peat swamps. They have fully webbed back feet. + += = = Rhinella = = = +Rhinella (Beaked Toads or Rio Viejo Toads) is a subgenus of Bufo. Some people call it its own genus. It has 71 species of true toads. They live in Central and South America. +Species. +Note: Species below are shown as species of "Rhinella". They are treated as species of "Bufo" by many authors. + += = = African red toad = = = +The African red toad or African split-skin toad ("Schismaderma carens") is a species of toad in the Bufonidae family. It is the only species in the genus Schismaderma. +It is found in Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Lesotho. +It lives in many habitats. These are dry savanna, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marches, arable land, pastureland, urban areas, water storage areas, ponds, canals and ditches, and man-made karsts. + += = = Truebella = = = +Truebella is a genus of true toads. They live in Peru at the Ayacucho and Junín regions. + += = = Werneria = = = +Werneria (smalltongue toads) is a genus of true toads. They live in Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea. + += = = Wolterstorffina = = = +Wolterstorffina (Wolterstorff Toads) is a genus of true toads. They live in Nigeria and Cameroon. + += = = Common toad = = = +The common toad or European toad ("Bufo bufo") is an amphibian. They are found in most of Europe, except for Ireland, Iceland and some Mediterranean islands. The toad usually lies hidden during the day. It becomes active at dusk and spends the night hunting for the invertebrates on which it feeds. It moves with a slow ungainly walk or a short jump. It has a greyish brown skin covered with wart-like lumps. +The toads in this genus are known as true toads. They have no teeth, a dry warty skin and horizontal pupils to the eyes. +Description. +The common toad can grow to about in length. Females grow larger than males. Those in the south tend to be larger than ones in the north. The head is broad with a wide mouth. The nose has two small nostrils. There are no teeth. The large, protruding eyes have yellow or copper coloured irises and horizontal slit-shaped pupils. They have a noxious substance called bufotoxin. It is used to keep away predators. The head joins the body without a noticeable neck. There is no external vocal sac. The body is broad and squat. The front limbs are short with the toes of the front feet turning inwards. At breeding time, the male gets nuptial pads on the first three fingers. These are to hold the female. The back legs are short and the back feet have long, unwebbed toes. There is no tail. The skin is dry and covered with small warts. The colour is brown, olive-brown or greyish-brown. Sometimes it is partly blotched or banded with a darker shade. The common toad tends to be sexually dimorphic. The females are browner and the males greyer. + The underside is a dirty white spotted with grey and black patches. +Common toads can live for many years. They have lived for fifty years in captivity. In the wild, common toads are thought to live for about ten to twelve years. Their age can be found by counting the number of yearly growth rings in the bones of their phalanges. +Behaviour. +The common toad usually moves by walking rather slowly or in short jumps using all four legs. It spends the day hiding. It comes out at dusk. It may travel some distance in the dark while hunting. It is most active in wet weather. By morning it has returned to its base. It may live in the same place for several months. It has a large appetite and eats woodlice, slugs, beetles, caterpillars, flies, worms and even small mice. Small, fast moving prey may be caught by a flick of the tongue. Larger items are grabbed with the jaws. Having no teeth, it swallows food whole in a series of gulps. It will try to eat any small, dark coloured, moving object it encounters at night. A research study showed that it would snap at a moving piece of black paper as if it were prey. It would ignore a larger moving piece. On occasion, the common toad sheds its skin which comes away in tattered pieces. The skin is then eaten. +When attacked, the common toad puffs up its body and stands with its back end raised and its head lowered. Its main means of defence is a foul tasting secretion. It has a bufotoxin called bufagin and is enough to keep away many predators. Grass snakes seem to be unaffected by it. Other predators of adult toads include hedgehogs, rats and mink, and even domestic cats. Birds that feed on toads include herons, crows and birds of prey. The tadpoles also have noxious substances which keep fishes from eating them but not the great crested newt. Aquatic invertebrates that feed on toad tadpoles include dragonfly larvae, diving beetles and water boatmen. These usually avoid the noxious secretion by puncturing the tadpole's skin and sucking out its juices. +A parasitic fly, "Lucilia bufonivora", attacks adult common toads. It lays its eggs on the toad's skin. When these hatch, the larvae crawl into the toad's nostrils and eat its flesh. +Reproduction. +The common toad comes out of hibernation in spring. Large numbers of toads move towards the breeding ponds. The toads meet on certain ponds that they favour. Adults use the same pond year after year. Over 80% of males marked as juveniles have been found to return to the pond at which they were spawned. +The males arrive first and stay for several weeks. The females only stay long enough to mate and spawn. Rather than fighting for the right to mate with a female, male toads use the pitch of their voice. Croaking gives a sign of body size and prowess. Fights do sometimes happen. Male toads outnumber female toads at breeding ponds. +The males mount on the females' backs. They hold the females with their front limbs in a grip called amplexus. The males are very enthusiastic. They will try to grasp fish or inanimate objects and often mount on the backs of other males. Sometimes several toads form a heap, each male trying to grasp the female at the base. It is a stressful period and deaths are high among breeding toads. A successful male stays in amplexus for several days. The female lays a long, double string of small black eggs. He fertilises them with his sperm. The egg strings may have 3,000 to 6,000 eggs and be in length. They get tangled in plant stalks. +The strings of eggs absorb water and swell in size. Small tadpoles hatch out after two to three weeks. At first they hold onto the remains of the strings and feed on the jelly. They later attach themselves to the underside of the leaves of water weed before becoming free swimming. The tadpoles look like those of the common frog ("Rana temporaria"). They are a darker colour, being blackish above and dark grey below. They can be told apart from the tadpoles of other species by the fact that the mouth is the same width as the space between the eyes, and this is twice as large as the distance between the nostrils. Over a few weeks their legs develop and their tail slowly gets reabsorbed. By twelve weeks of age, they are small toads measuring about long and ready to leave the pond. +The common toad reaches maturity at three to seven years. +Conservation. +The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species says the common toad is of Least Concern. This is because it lives in many areas and is common in those areas. It is not threatened very much by habitat loss. It can live in many different areas. Chytridiomycosis, an infectious disease of amphibians, has been reported in common toads in Spain and the United Kingdom. This may affect some populations. +Cultural significance. +The toad has long been thought to be an animal of ill omen or a connection to the other world. This may be because it is at home both on land and in the water. It may cause people to not like it because of its blackish, warty skin, its slow movements and the way it comes from some dark hole. +One of the earliest references to toads as being linked to the forces of darkness was when Zoroaster said in 600 BC that all toads should be killed. In Europe in the Middle Ages, the toad was associated with the Devil, whose coat-of-arms has three toads on it. It was thought that the toad could poison people. It was also thought that it was the witch's familiar and thus had magical powers. In France it was thought that witches could be found because they were marked by a toad's foot somewhere on their body. In Dorset it was believed that if one found a toad in the house it should be removed without harming it or the householder would face the wrath of the witch whose familiar it was. In some areas, the finding of a toad in a house was seen as evidence that a witch was present. The saliva of the toad was thought to be poisonous. It was believed that it could spit or vomit poisonous fire. It was thought unlucky for a toad to jump over one's foot and in some regions, this was a sign of death. Toads were associated with devils and demons and in "Paradise Lost". John Milton showed Satan as a toad when he poured poison into Eve's ear. The First Witch in Shakespeare's Macbeth gave instructions on using a toad in the making of spells: +The toad is also associated with female fecundity. Models of toads were left at shrines by women who wanted to conceive. In Romania it was believed that someone who killed a toad was able to kill their own mother. In Scottish folklore it was said that the tongue of a toad, carried by a man in his breast pocket, would let him have his way with any woman. It was also believed that there was a jewel inside a toad's head called a "toadstone". It was said that when worn as a necklace or ring would warn the wearer of attempts to poison them. Shakespeare mentioned this in "As you like it": +Touching a toad has long been thought to cause warts. This has been shown to be a myth and warts are actually caused by the human papillomavirus. They are transferred by direct contact from person to person. +Mr. Toad Esq. is one of the main characters in the children's novel, The Wind in the Willows, by Kenneth Grahame. This has been dramatized by several authors including A. A. Milne who called his play Toad of Toad Hall. Mr Toad is a very conceited,anthropomorphic toad. + += = = Pelobatidae = = = +The European spadefoot toads are a family of frogs, the Pelobatidae. There is only one living genus, called "Pelobates". It has four species. They live in Europe, the Mediterranean, northwestern Africa and western Asia. +The European spadefoot toads are small to large sized frogs. They grow up to in length. They burrow in sandy soils. They have a hardened growth on their feet to help in digging. They will come out from the ground during times of rain and breed in pools, which are usually temporary. +All of the species from this family have free-living, aquatic tadpoles. The eggs are laid in temporary ponds that may quickly evaporate. The tadpole stage is very short. They grow to adult form in as little as two weeks. To further speed their growth, some of the tadpoles are cannibalistic, eating their brood-mates to increase their supply of protein. +Taxonomy. +Family Pelobatidae + += = = Archaeobatrachia = = = +Archaeobatrachia is a suborder of Anura. It has various primitive frogs and toads. As the name literally suggests, these are the most primitive frogs. Many of the species (28 in total) show certain body features which are not in other frogs and toads. They are mostly found in Eurasia, New Zealand, the Philippines and Borneo. +In addition, the family Ascaphidae is found in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. They are only represented by two species. + += = = Mesobatrachia = = = +Mesobatrachia is the second largest of the Anura suborders of amphibians. It has 6 families, 20 genera and 168 species. The name suggests they are moderately old. +Mesobatrachia are a newer group. They were identified in 1993. + += = = Tony Scott = = = +Anthony David "Tony" Scott (21 June 1944 – 19 August 2012) was a British movie director. He was the younger brother of movie director Ridley Scott. +Early life. +Scott was born in North Shields, the son of Elizabeth and Colonel Francis Percy Scott. Scott was educated at the Royal College of Art and at the University of Sunderland. +Career. +His movies include "The Hunger", "Top Gun", "Beverly Hills Cop II", "The Last Boy Scout", "True Romance", "Crimson Tide", "Enemy of the State", "Spy Game", "Man on Fire", "Déjà Vu", "The Taking of Pelham 123" and "Unstoppable". In 2010, the Scott brothers produced "The A-Team" of the television series. Scott's film, "Unstoppable", again starring Washington (with Chris Pine), the movie was released in November 2010. +Personal life. +Scott was married to Gerry Scott from 1967 until they divorced 1974. Second he married 1986 until they divorced in 1987. Lastly he married Donna W. Scott from 1994 until his death in 2012. He had 2 children. +Death. +On 19 August 2012, Scott had committed suicide by jumping off the Vincent Thomas Bridge in the San Pedro, Los Angeles, port district of Los Angeles, California. A memorial service was held and celebrities also attended; Tom Cruise, Val Kilmer, Eddie Murphy, Denzel Washington, Gene Hackman, Elijah Wood, Dane Cook, Dwayne Johnson, Stephen Fry, Peter Fonda, and Keira Knightley where some that attended the memorial service. + += = = James Gandolfini = = = +James Joseph Gandolfini Jr. (September 18, 1961 – June 19, 2013) was an American actor. He was best known for playing Tony Soprano in the HBO television series, "The Sopranos". He won three Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe Award for his performance in the role. +Early life. +Gandolfini was born on September 18, 1961 in Westwood, New Jersey. He was of Italian ancestry. He was raised in New Jersey. Gandolfini studied at Paramus Catholic High School. +He grew up in Park Ridge, New Jersey. Gandolfini graduated from Park Ridge High School in 1979. He played basketball and acted in school plays. He won the title "Class Flirt" in his senior yearbook. Gandolfini earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in communication studies from Rutgers University. While at Rutgers University, Gandolfini worked as a bouncer at local school pub. He also worked as a bartender and club manager not including his acting career. He first got his acting job as a young man living in New York City. +Career. +Gandolfini became famous for his role as Tony Soprano, a New Jersey Mafia boss and family man who was the lead character in the HBO drama "The Sopranos". The series started in 1999 and ran until 2007. He won three Emmy Awards for "Best Actor in a Drama" for his role as Soprano. "Entertainment Weekly" listed him as the 42nd Greatest TV Icon of All Time. +Gandolfini earned fame for this role, winning both the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series three times. With a career span of 20 years, Gandolfini's other roles include Virgil in "True Romance", Bobby Dougherty in "Crimson Tide", Bear in "Get Shorty", and Carol in "Where the Wild Things Are". In 2012, Gandolfini appeared in two major movies, "Killing Them Softly" and in "Zero Dark Thirty". He starred in the main role in the 2013 movie "Enough Said". It was released three months after his death. Gandolfini's last movie was the 2014 movie "The Drop". +Personal life. +Gandolfini was married to Marcy Wudarski from 1999 until they divorced in 2002. He was then married to Deborah Lin from 2008 until his death in 2013. With Wudarski he had a son named Michael (born 1999). He had one daughter with Lin, named Liliana Ruth (born 2012). +Incidents. +A fan of motorcycles, Gandolfini owned a Harley-Davidson and a Vespa scooter. On May 4, 2006, he was riding the Vespa in New York City traffic when it was hit by a taxi cab. Gandolfini had knee surgery because of the accident. The incident caused the production for "The Sopranos" to stop shooting for three months. The accident happened when Gandolfini was filming of the final "Sopranos" episodes. +On October 31, 2009, Gandolfini was in New York City when a photographer wanted to take a picture of him. Gandolfini lost his temper and punched the photographer. A year before the incident, Gandolfini punched a paparazzi at the John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City. +Death. +On June 19, 2013, Gandolfini died suddenly while vacationing in Rome. Ambulance staff arrived around 10:40pm and tried to save Gandolfini's life. It was said that Gandolfini was still alive at the hotel but died on the way to the hospital. Early reports thought the cause of death was either a heart attack or stroke. Later on June 20, 2013, hospital official said that Gandolfini died from cardiac arrest. It wasn't until on June 21 an autopsy was performed on Gandolfini. It was confirmed that he had died of a heart attack. "The Sopranos" creator David Chase called Gandolfini "a genius" and "his partner and brother". New Jersey Governor Chris Christie said he was "a New Jersey treasure". +Gandolfini's body was returned to the United States on June 23. Broadway dimmed theater marquee lights on the night of Wednesday, June 26 in Gandolfini's honor. His funeral was held at Saint John the Divine cathedral in Manhattan, New York on June 27. His remains were later cremated and given to his family. +Reaction. +Word of his death spread quickly with many of Gandolfini's friends. Former co-stars, many fans throughout the entertainment business along with politicians such as John McCain and Chris Christie taking to the internet to respond to his sudden death. Christie ordered all State buildings to fly flags at half-staff on June 24, to honor Gandolfini. +The day following his death, Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band, which features Gandolfini's "Sopranos" co-star Steven Van Zandt on guitar, gave a full album performance of their 1975 classic "Born to Run". His performance was dedicated it to Gandolfini. +At the 65th Primetime Emmy Awards, Edie Falco honored the career and life of Gandolfini. + += = = Sleep hygiene = = = +Sleep hygiene is a set of of practices and changes in behavior that make it easier to get restful sleep. The concept of sleep hygiene was developed in the late 1970s as a method to help people with mild to moderate insomnia. +Sleep hygiene recommendations include setting up a sleep schedule, using naps with care, not exercising physically or mentally too close to bedtime, reducing stress, reducing nighttime activity, and limiting bed use if not sleeping, to name a few. Other recommendations include avoiding alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, and other stimulants in the hours before bedtime, and having a peaceful, comfortable and dark sleep environment. +Doctors study the sleep hygiene of people who present with insomnia and other conditions, such as depression, and offer recommendations based on the assessment. + += = = Parupalli Kashyap = = = +Parupalli Kashyap () (born 8 September 1986), also known as Kashyap Parupalli, is an Indian athlete. He is best known as a badminton player who competed in the Summer Olympic Games. +Early life. +Parupalli trained at Hyderabad. +International competitions. +In the 2012 Summer Olympics at London, Parupalli reached quarter-finals in the badminton tournament. + += = = Sushil Kumar = = = +Sushil Kumar is an Indian sportsman. He is best known as a wrestler who competed in two Summer Olympic Games. +International competitions. +In the 2008 Summer Olympics at Beijing, Kumar won a bronze medal in wrestling. +He won a silver medal in the 2012 Summer Olympics at London. + += = = Gagan Narang = = = +Gagan Narang (born 6 May 1983) is an Indian sportsman. His is best known as an shooter (marksman) who competed in three Summer Olympic Games. +Early life. +He was born in Chennai on 6 May 1983 and his ancestors belonged to Samalkha in Panipat district in Haryana. +Gagan was born in Madras in Tamil Nadu. He was raised in Hyderabad. +International competitions. +Gagan Narang is a gold medalist in the Afro Asian games, 2003 in Hyderabad on October 26, 2003 in Men's 10m air rifle competition. +He also won gold medals in the Commonwealth Games in 2006 and 2010. +Gagan Narang won the bronze medal in the 10m air rifle event at the 2012 London Olympics + += = = Zara Tindall = = = +Zara Anne Elizabeth Tindall (née Phillips; born 15 May 1981) is a British equestrian and the second-eldest grandchild of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. +Tindall is the second child, and only daughter, of Anne, Princess Royal and her first husband, Mark Phillips. She is married to Mike Tindall, who used to be a rugby player for England. She is better known by her maiden (old name before marriage) name. In the line of succession, she is called "Mrs Michael Tindall". +She was given an Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) honour in the 2007 New Year's Honours List, by her grandmother for her services to equestrianism. In 2012, she carried an Olympic flame at a racecourse in Cheltenham. +She won a silver medal at London 2012. +Early life. +Tindall was born at St Mary's Hospital in London. She is the eldest granddaughter of Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. When she was born, she was sixth in line to the throne. She is now 18th in line. +She has an older brother, Peter Phillips (born 15 November 1977). She has two half-sisters, Felicity Tonkin (born in 1985 after her father had an affair) and Stephanie Phillips, born 2 October 1997, from her father's second marriage. +The children of the Princess Royal do not hold a title. It is thought their mother did not want them to have one. +Marriage and family. +On 21 December 2010, Buckingham Palace said she was engaged to Mike Tindall MBE. She got a diamond and platinum engagement ring from Tindall. They married in 2011. Her first daughter and child, Mia Grace Tindall, was born on 17 January 2014 at Gloucestershire Royal Hospital in Gloucestershire. Her second daughter and child, Lena Elizabeth Tindall was born on 18 June 2018 in Stroud Maternity Hospital at Stroud. A son, Lucas Philip Tindall, was born March 24, 2021 at Gatcombe Park in Gloucestershire. + += = = Jean-Georges Noverre = = = +Jean-Georges Noverre (29 April 1727 – 19 October 1810) was a French dancer and ballet master (choreographer). He is considered the creator of the ballet d'action. He performed or held posts across Europe. His first great success was the ballet "Les Fêtes Chinoises". Other ballets include "Jason et Médée", "La Toilette de Venus", "Les Jalousies du sérail", "La dour corsaire" and "Le Jaloux sans rival". He expressed his views on dance in the book "Lettres sur la danse et les ballets" in 1756 (published in 1760). The French Revolution reduced Noverre to poverty. He died in 1810. + += = = Ballet blanc = = = +A ballet blanc (literally, "white ballet") is a ballet in the style of the 19th century romantic ballet. The ballerinas and the female members of the "corps de ballet" wear bell-shaped, calf-length, white ballet tutus. The second acts of "La Sylphide" and "Giselle" are representatives of the "ballet blanc". Fokine's "Les Sylphides" is a 20th-century homage to the "ballet blanc". + += = = Jean-Claude Juncker = = = +Jean-Claude Juncker (born 9 December 1954) is a politician from Luxembourg. Juncker studied Law. He was one of the people who designed the Maastricht Treaty. Junker was Prime Minister of Luxembourg from 1995 to 2013. In 2014, he was elected President of the European Commission. + += = = Outsider art = = = +Outsider art is art that is non-commercial and that lives outside the usual art galleries. +Usually it is created by people who have little or no artistic training in art schools. Some may have a mental illness like schizophrenia. People who do outsider art are called outsider artists. They create their art from their own inner experience, not caring or knowing what other artists maybe doing. The term outsider art was first used by art critic Roger Casement in 1972. These artists often create buildings with strange architecture they build alone. Some of them also do more conventional arts like painting, sculpture. + += = = William Windom (actor) = = = +William Windom (September 28, 1923 – August 16, 2012) was an American movie, radio, stage, voice, and mostly television actor who's career has lasted for 56 years. Windom is mostly known for his roles in popular television series such as; Matt Decker in "Star Trek", as Dr. Seth Hazlitt in "Murder, She Wrote", Glen Morley in "The Twilight Zone", and is also known for his voice as Puppetino in "Pinocchio and the Emperor of the Night". +Early life. +Windom was born on September 28, 1923 in New York City, New York to Isobel Wells (née Peckham) and Paul Windom. +Personal life. +Windom was married to Carol Keyser from 1947 until they divorced in 1955. Secondly he married Barbara Joyce from 1958 until they divorced in 1963. Thirdly he married Barbara Goetz from 1963 until they divorced in 1968. Fourthly he married Jacqulyn Hopkins from 1969 until they divorced in 1974. Lastly he married Patricia Tunder from 1975 until his death in 2012. +Death. +Windom died on August 16, 2012 from congestive heart failure in his home in Woodacre, California, he was 88 years old. +Other websites. + += = = Asano Nagasato = = = + is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. Her brother Genki Nagasato and sister Yuki Nagasato are footballers. +Biography. +Nagasato was born in Atsugi on January 24, 1989. She joined Nippon TV Beleza from the youth team in 2007. In 2012 season, she was selected Best Eleven. In 2013, she moved to German Bundesliga club Turbine Potsdam. In 2016, she retired. +In November 2008, Nagasato was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2008 U-20 World Cup. She scored two goals including a winner against Germany. On July 29, 2009, Nagasato debuted for the Japan national team against Germany. She was a member of Japan for 2015 World Cup. She played 11 games and scored 1 goals for Japan until 2015. + += = = Kōra taisha = = = + is a Japanese Shinto shrine in Kurume, Fukuoka Prefecture. +History. +"Kōra taisha" was founded in the fifth century. It is mentioned in the "Engishiki". +It was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Chikugo Province and it is one of four in Fukuoka Prefecture. +In 1915, the shrine was recognized in the system of State Shinto. It was one of six most highly ranked, nationally significant shrines or . + += = = GamePro = = = +Gamepro was an American video game magazine. It focuses on anything to do with video games (such as the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Wii), PCs and even mobile devices (such as the PlayStation Portable, Nintendo DS, iPhone). Gamepro Media had owned and published the monthly magazine issue and the official website Gamepro.com. The company was also a partly-owned subsidiary of International Data Group (IDG), a technology media, events and research company. +The very first issue of Gamepro was originally published in April 1989. It was a monthly magazine and had its last headquarters based in Oakland, California from June 2002 through May 2015. The official website of the magazine launched in 1998. It was updated daily and had included several game articles, news, previews, reviews, game screenshots and gaming videos on various video games, video game console system platform hardware and video game software development upon in the entertainment gaming industry. The official website also included various user forums, game reviews and other interesting game blogs as well. The official website's headquarters was then and formerly based in San Francisco from May 1998 through May 2002. +Gamepro is currently now-defunct as a magazine and a website. +Gamepro would only then now become part of the PC World website, covering on the latest and most recently developed video games in the entertainment video gaming industry, and to which is now currently being run by the new PC World staff. + += = = List of music magazines = = = +This is a list of magazines that focuses on music. Topics included in these magazines are about the music industry and news related to musicians, musical instruments, upcoming or newly released albums and songs. + += = = List of men's magazines = = = +This is a list of magazines that are of interest to men. Topics included in these magazines are men's health, fashion and style, new technology and gadgets, sports, and magazines that features women on their cover such as pornographic magazines for men. There are also LGBT-related magazines for gay men. + += = = Second derivative = = = +In physics and mathematics (particularly in differential calculus), the second derivative is the derivative of the derivative of a function, say formula_1. The second derivative has many real-life applications, especially in the study of mathematical optimization and acceleration. Second derivatives can be notated in several ways, some of which are +Other notations are used, but the above two are the most commonly used. +Power Rule for Finding the Second Derivative. +If we have a function formula_5, then the second derivative of the function can be found using the power rule for second derivatives. That is, + += = = Horatio Alger = = = +Horatio Alger, Jr. (January 13, 1832 – July 18, 1899) was an American writer. He wrote magazine stories and poems, a few novels for adults, and 100 plus boys' books. His boys' books were hugely popular. +Alger was born in Massachusetts, and attended Harvard College. He became a Unitarian minister, but his career as a clergyman was brief. It ended when his congregation charged him with child molestation. Criminal charges were not placed against him, but his career in the church was finished. +He moved to New York City to become a professional writer. In 1868, Alger found his place in the literary world with his fourth boys' book, "Ragged Dick". This book is about a poor shoe shine boy in New York City who rises to middle class comfort and security through hard work, honesty, and a little luck. The book was a great success. +Alger continued to write boys' books. They were similar to "Ragged Dick" in theme and other details. Characters such as the poor but honest boy, the snobbish youth, and the greedy lawyer appeared in one book after another. Details changed from book to book, but the essentials remained the same. Boys loved the books. +By the 1870s, boys' tastes had changed. They wanted cowboys, hunters, and Indians. Alger headed west to gather material for future books. The trip had little impact on his writing however. He wrote four books set in the west called the "Pacific Series", but they were stuck in Alger's rags-to-riches rut. +In the last decades of the 19th century, boys' tastes changed again. They wanted violence, murder, and other sensational themes. Alger gave them what they wanted. Public librarians did not like these books. They wondered whether children should be reading them. They began throwing Alger's books away. +Alger passed his last years quietly. He went to the theatre, visited old friends, and kept in touch with the boys he had helped over the years. He based new books on those of his past. He died at his sister's home in South Natick, Massachusetts, in 1899. +Biography. +Boyhood. +Horatio Alger, Jr. was born in Chelsea, Massachusetts on January 13, 1832. His parents were Horatio Alger, a Unitarian clergyman, and his wife Olive Augusta Fenno Alger. Horatio was the eldest of the couple's five children. He was a descendant of several Plymouth Pilgrims, a brigadier general of the American Revolution, and a member of the Constitutional Convention. +Horatio was a sickly child. He had asthma and myopia. He was timid and shy. He was bullied by the bigger boys in the neighborhood. His father decided Horatio would become a clergyman. He taught the boy Greek and Latin. He took Horatio along with him on parish house calls to give the boy a sense of a minister's duties. +Education. +In 1842, Horatio entered the Chelsea Grammar School. He was a good student. His father had money troubles about this time. He took a better paying job in Marlborough, Massachusetts, a farming community about 25 miles west of Boston. The Alger family moved there in December 1844. +In Marlborough, Horatio went to a prep school called Gates Academy. He began writing poems and short stories. He sent his writings to local newspapers. The family's money troubles made a lasting impression on Horatio. Money ills like foreclosure and bankruptcy became themes in his books. He had fond memories of Marlborough, despite the family's woes. Quiet country villages are settings in many of his boys' books. +Alger entered Harvard College in 1848. He became a professional writer the following year when he sold two essays and a poem to a Boston magazine. He was elected to Phi Beta Kappa, a fraternity for outstanding scholars. He graduated in 1852, ranking eighth in a class of eighty-eight. He went to Harvard Divinity School in 1853. He quit the same year to take a job as an assistant editor with a Boston magazine. He hated editing, and quit in 1854. +He taught briefly in two New England boys' boarding schools. In 1856 he published "Bertha's Christmas Vision", a book of short stories and poems. He returned to the Harvard Divinity School in 1857, and graduated in 1860. His health was poor. He was rejected for military service during the American Civil War, but wrote for the Union cause instead. His first boys' book "Frank's Campaign" was published in 1864. +Alger's ministry. +On December 8, 1864, Alger became pastor of the First Unitarian Church and Society in Brewster, Massachusetts. The people of Brewster liked him. He was a good speaker. He played ball games with the boys, and took walks with them. He kept writing stories, and sent them to a boys' magazine in Boston called "Student and Schoolmate". He wrote another boys' book, "Paul Prescott's Charge". It was published in September 1865. The critics gave it good reviews. +Early in 1866, the people of Brewster accused Alger of sexually molesting two boys. These boys were 13 and 15 years old. Three men of the church discovered that this was true. Alger said that he had been "unwise", and quit his job with the Brewster church. He left town quickly, and went to his parents' home in South Natick, Massachusetts. +His father got in touch with Unitarian church authorities in Boston. He promised them that his son would never take a job in the church again. These authorities were satisfied. Further action was not taken. This was probably done so Alger's father would not be publicly embarrassed. Some members of the Brewster church wanted Alger put to death as the Bible ordered. Alger never mentioned his days in Brewster again. +Life in New York City. +In April 1866, Alger moved to New York City to become a professional writer. In the summer of 1866, he wrote "John Maynard". This is a poem about a real shipwreck on Lake Erie. It brought Alger the notice of other writers when it was published in "Student and Schoolmate" in January 1868. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, for example, sent a letter of compliments to Alger. Children loved the poem and read it aloud in classrooms for many years. +Alger loved the attention, but he needed money. He rewrote some of his old stories. One became his third boys' book "Charlie Codman's Cruise". Although readers liked the book, it did not make much money. Alger made more money with the boys' stories he published in "Student and Schoolmate". His writings for boys satisfied his two biggest concerns at this time—the need for a good income and the need to atone for his crimes in Brewster. +Alger met many poor boys on the docks and streets of New York City. These boys had been made homeless by the Civil War. They had drifted to the city looking for work. Alger collected material from them about their lives in the city and the lives of the poor. He put this material into his books. +Some of these real boys became characters in his books. Johnny Nolan, for example, was one of the first boys Alger met in New York City. He appears in several of Alger's early books as a lazy, carefree street boy. Alger often had a crowd of street boys in his apartment. They would play while Alger sat calmly at his desk writing a page or two for his latest book. There is no record of sexual misconduct on Alger's part during this period. +Newsboys Lodging House. +In 1866, Alger began visiting the shelters for homeless boys in the city such as the YMCA, the Five Points Mission, and the Newsboys Lodging House. This last shelter was opened in 1854 by people concerned about the welfare of street children. +At this shelter, a homeless boy could have a hot meal and a clean bed for a few pennies. He could come and go as he pleased. There was even something like a savings bank at the shelter. +Alger had his own room, a desk, and a bed at the Newsboys Lodging House. He wandered about in slippers and an old sweater talking to the boys. In this way, he gathered the material he needed for his stories. In the introductions to his books, Alger asked his readers to give generously to such shelters. +Success with "Ragged Dick". +In October 1866, Reverend Henry Morgan published "Ned Nevins, the Newsboy; or, Street Life in Boston". It was a great success. Alger sharpened his pencils and began a similar story. He wanted readers to believe his story was a realistic picture of street life, but it was actually a sentimental story that carefully avoided any mention of the sex and violence that threatened street boys every day. +In January 1867, Alger's "Ragged Dick" began serialization (publication in parts) in "Student and Schoolmate". The story is about a poor shoe shine boy's rise to middle class comfort and security. The book was a huge success. Boys' loved it. It had all sorts of exciting adventures in a big city. It had lots of street slang. It exposed the swindles and crimes practiced by big city crooks. The story surprised and delighted boys in small town America. They had never read of such things. +The parts of the story were gathered together and published as a book in 1868. It became Alger's all-time bestseller. It is the first in the 6-volume Ragged Dick Series. This series follows the further adventures of Ragged Dick and his friends. Alger wrote almost entirely for boys after the success of "Ragged Dick". He had found his place in literary America. +Trips West. +In 1875, Alger's stories about street boys were growing stale. Boys' tastes had changed. They wanted exciting stories about hunters, cowboys, and Indians. Alger went West to look for material. +He arrived in California in February 1877. He travelled the length of the West Coast, then returned to New York late in the year. In 1878, Alger went West again. +These two trips had little impact on his stories. He wrote a few dull books with western settings in the following years, but remained stuck in his "poor boy makes good" formula. +Backlash. +In the early 1870s, librarians, teachers, ministers, and others interested in the well being of the young said the stories by Alger and other boys' writers were not suitable for children. These people thought such books were too violent. +Critics said his popularity among boys was due to his "sensational" style. In 1877, one minister wondered why the public library allowed children to read books that could only demoralize and weaken them. He complained about "the endless reams of such drivel poured forth by Horatio Alger, Jr." In 1879, a public library in Vermont was the first library in America to throw away Alger's books. Other public libraries then did the same. +Alger's publisher A. K. Loring of Boston, Massachusetts was a victim of this censorship effort. The company had relied on Alger's stories to make them money, but Loring went bankrupt in 1881. These efforts to get rid of Alger's books were defeated. People started reading them again after his death. +Biographies. +In 1881, Alger wrote President James A. Garfield's biography, "From Canal Boy to President". He thought this was serious literary work. He hoped the book would make him famous. He paid no attention to the facts however. Instead, he filled the book with exciting details to thrill boy readers. The book was a success. It sold 20,000 copies. The publisher wanted to bring out an entire series about the great men of America. +Alger was hired to write Abraham Lincoln's biography. Once again, he paid no attention to the facts. He wrote thrilling details for boy readers. The book did not sell well. He went on to write a biography of Daniel Webster. Then he stopped writing biographies. He said such books were time-consuming and required too much work. The publisher dropped the idea of a series. +Last years. +Alger led a quiet life in the years before his death. He dined out, went to the theater, and visited old friends. He kept in touch with the boys he had taken an interest in over the years. He read parts of "Ragged Dick" to boys' groups. +He was a Republican, and took an interest in politics. He forgot his past life in Brewster, and wrote of his days as a clergyman: "I studied theology chiefly as a branch of literary culture and without any intention of devoting myself to it as a profession." +The quality of his writing deteriorated in his last years. He reworked his old books. Times had changed. Boys wanted more excitement and violence in books. Alger gave them what they wanted. +Critics complained of the sameness in his characters, themes, and other details. Alger defended his work. He said that his readers did not object to the "family resemblances", so why should the critics? +Death. +In the last years of the 1890s, Alger's books did not sell well. His income dwindled. In 1896, he had (what he called) a nervous breakdown. He moved to his sister's house in South Natick, Massachusetts. He died there on July 18, 1899 after an asthma attack. He was almost forgotten by the public in his last years. His death received little attention in the newspapers. +Alger once estimated that he made no more than $100,000 during his New York years (1866–1896). He was paid about US$250 for each of his stories published in parts in magazines. He received a small amount of money when each story was published in book form. He was not rich at the end of his life, but he was not poor either. He left only small amounts of money to family and friends. He also left them his copyrights, his manuscripts, and his personal library. +Renewed interest. +People became interested in Alger's books in the twenty years after his death. This was the Progressive Era. It was a time when people wanted honest business practices, equal opportunity, and a return to old-fashioned values. About seventeen to twenty million Alger books were printed and sold during this time. +People lost interest in Alger's books in the early 1920s. His leading publisher stopped printing the books. +Alger was competing at that time with "The Rover Boys", "Tom Swift", and other popular books for boys. Surveys in 1932 and 1947 indicated that very few children had read or even heard of Alger. In 1932 (one hundred years after Alger's birth), "The Literary Digest" declared him "forgotten". +Just before his death, Alger claimed to have sold 800,000 books during his years as a writer. After his death, his books sold at one million "per year". More Alger books were sold per year after his death than were sold during the writer's lifetime. Edward Stratemeyer, the head of a company that published a great amount of boys' fiction, adopted Alger's heroic moral stance to his own books for boys. Other writers adjusted Alger's morality and ethics to suit more money-focused times. These revisions remained strong until the beginning of the Great Depression in 1929. +Boys' books. +The quality of his literary allusions however makes his writing distinctive. These allusions set his work apart from the books cranked out in the "fiction factories" of the day. Great authors alluded to in Alger's boys' book include Shakespeare, Milton, Longfellow, Cicero, Horace, Alexander Pope, Joseph Addison, and dozens of others. The Bible is referenced in more than half of his works. These allusions reveal Alger's knowledge of literature and "enhance the literary quality of his work". +The most prevalent theme in Alger's novels is the "rise to respectability". Business success was important to the young Alger hero, but even more important was becoming a respected citizen. This does not mean a rise to wealth and riches. Many of Alger's books end with their young heroes getting modest clerical jobs in large firms. These jobs offer chances to rise further. Alger's heroes deserve their good fortune because they are virtuous young men. Alger was mainly a moral instructor for the young. He was content to guide boys on the path of piety and moral virtue rather than business success. Other themes in his works include Strength through Adversity, Beauty versus Money, the Country versus the City, the Old World versus the New World, and the Search for an Identity. +Alger's books are filled with stereotypical characters and dramatic highpoints (setpieces) played over and over again in book after book. One such setpiece is the struggle between the virtuous young hero and a snobbish youth. These setpieces always end with the snobbish youth getting his just deserts. This particular setpiece likely has its source in the childhood bullying Alger suffered from neighborhood boys in Chelsea. +Other setpieces include the cold, unfeeling lawyer threatening the young hero and his widowed mother with foreclosure (another setpiece taken from Alger's childhood), and the brutal poorhouse staff making the young hero's life miserable while he dwells under their roof. Alger's young readers never tired of these stock characters and setpieces. +In the 1970s Alger's work was regarded by readers and scholars as almost unreadable. He received a new lease on literary life when his homosexuality became known. Edwin Hoyt speculated in "Horatio' Boys" (1974) that Alger might become of interest to communities outside the literary one, and may even attain a status to rival that of Oscar Wilde. +Literary influences. +Alger's success stories provided material for satirists. One of the earliest satires is William Dean Howells' "The Minister's Charge; or, The Apprenticeship of Lemuel Barker" (1887). This novel satirizes in a serious, realistic way Alger's "country boy makes good" theme. Stephen Crane satirizes the Alger success story with a ridiculous version of one in "A Self-Made Man: An Example of Success That Anyone Can Follow" (1899). +In the 20th century, F. Scott Fitzgerald satirized Alger in his play "The Vegetable: or From President to Postman" (1922), the Dan Cody episode in "The Great Gatsby" (1925), and the short story "Forging Ahead" (1929). Nathaniel West parodied Alger in "A Cool Million" (1934). John Seelye did the same in "Dirty Tricks; or, Nick Noxin's Natural Nobility" (1973). Glendon Swarthout followed the sexual misadventures of an Alger anti-hero in "Luck and Pluck" (1973). William Gaddis took the Alger success story to absurd lengths in "JR". +Legacy. +The Horatio Alger Association is a "nonprofit educational organization, [that] was established in 1947 to dispel the mounting belief among the nation's youth that the American Dream was no longer attainable." The Association awards scholarships to young people who pursue their own idea of the American Dream. +An annual street fair (once the Horatio Alger Street Fair) was held annually in October in Marlborough, Massachusetts. The Fair became the Heritage Festival in 2006, and Alger's name dropped from the event. It originally used Alger's name because he lived in a house in the town as a teenager, but accusations of child sexual abuse forced fair organizers to part company with Alger. + += = = Berlin, New Hampshire = = = +Berlin is a city next to the Androscoggin River in Coos County, New Hampshire. It was first settled in 1823-1824 by William Sessions and Cyrus Wheeler. It was Incorporated as a city in 1897. In 2020, 9,425 people lived in Berlin. + += = = Cryptobranchoidea = = = +Cryptobranchoidea is a suborder of salamanders. They are found in eastern North America, China, Taiwan, and Japan. They are known as primitive salamanders. This is in contrast to Salamandroidea, or advanced salamander. +Description. +This suborder has only two families. Other families went extinct in the past and are only known as fossils. + += = = Salamandroidea = = = +Salamandroidea is a suborder of salamanders, the advanced salamanders. The members of the suborder are found worldwide except for Antarctica, Southern Sahara, and Oceania. +All members use internal fertilization. The female is fertilized by a spermatophore, a sperm-containing cap put by the male in her cloaca. The sperm is stored in on the roof of the cloaca until it is needed at the time of egg laying. +The earliest known salamandroid fossils are from the Tiaojishan Formation. They are dated to the late Jurassic period about 157 million years ago. + += = = Wendy Schaal = = = +Wendy Schaal (born July 2, 1954) is an American actress. She starred in Seth MacFarlane's animated series "American Dad!" She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She is currently married. Her father was actor Richard Schaal. Valerie Harper is her former step-mother. + += = = Scott Grimes = = = +Scott Christopher Richard Grimes (born July 9, 1971) is an American actor and songwriter. He played Archie Morris in "ER", Will McCorkle in "Party of Five", Donald Malarkey in "Band of Brothers", and Steve Smith in "American Dad!". Grimes was born in Lowell, Massachusetts. He married Dawn Bailey-Grimes for ten years. + += = = Rachael MacFarlane = = = +Rachael Ann MacFarlane (born March 21, 1976) is an American voice actress best known for her voice roles in "" as supreme leader Numbuh 362, "Nutri Ventures", "The Powerpuff Girls" voicing various characters and Blossom in outside of media series, and the FOX television animated series "Family Guy" and "American Dad!", both created by her brother Seth MacFarlane. She was born in Kent, Connecticut. She has been married to Spencer Laudiero since 2008. They have two daughters. + += = = Caeciliidae = = = +Caeciliidae is the family of common caecilians. They are found in Central and South America, equatorial Africa and India. Like other caecilians, they look like worms or snakes. +Although they are the most diverse of the caecilian families, the caeciliids do have a number of features in common that make them different from other caecilians. In particular, their skulls have few bones. The ones tey have are fused to form a solid ram. This helps in digging through the soil. The mouth is beneath the nose area. There is no tail. +Many caeciliids lay their eggs in moist soil. The eggs then hatch into aquatic larvae. However, some species do not have a larval stage. The eggs hatch into juveniles with the same form as the adults. In some they lack eggs and give birth to live young. + += = = Pat Weaver = = = +Sylvester Laflin "Pat" Weaver, Jr. (December 21, 1908 – March 15, 2002) was an American radio advertising executive, who became president of NBC between 1953 and 1955. He has been well-known for his commercial broadcasting's format and philosophy as radio gave way to television as America's dominant home entertainment. He was married to Elizabeth Inglis from 1942 until his death in 2002, they had two children; a son Trajan Victor Charles and a daughter Sigourney Weaver. +Weaver was born in Los Angeles, California on December 21, 1908. He was the son of actor/director Sylvester Laflin Weaver, Sr. (1874-1964) and actress Eleanor Isabel Dixon (1879-1966), Sylvester Jr.'s grandfather was Peter Laflin Weaver (1841-1912), a businessman, his great-grandfather was Henry Laflin Weaver (1808-1894), also a businessman, his great-great-grandfather was Charles Laflin Weaver (1708-1816), a manufacturer, Sylvester, Jr. died on March 15, 2002 in his home in Santa Barbara, California from natural causes, he was 93 years old. + += = = Elizabeth Inglis = = = +Elizabeth Inglis (born Desiree Mary Lucy Hawkins, 10 July 1913 – 25 August 2007), also known as Elizabeth Earl, was an English movie actress, best known for her role in "The Letter", along with actress Bette Davis. She is also known for her role in Alfred Hitchcock's "The 39 Steps", she was the last known survivor of the movie before her death in 2007. +Inglis was born in Colchester, England on July 10, 1913. She was married to Sylvester Weaver from 1942 until his death in 2002, they had two children, Trajan Victor Charles Weaver and Sigourney Weaver. Inglis died on August 25, 2007 in Santa Barbara, California from natural causes, she was 94 years old. + += = = Ichthyophiidae = = = +Ichthyophiidae is the family of Asiatic tailed caecilians or fish caecilians. They are found in south-east Asia. +They are primitive caecilians. They do not have some of the features found in the other families. For example, the mouth is not back underneath the head, they have tails, and have many scales on their body. They have two sets of muscles for closing the jaw. This is a feature unique to caecilians, but absent in the related family Rhinatrematidae. +They lay their eggs in small holes in moist soil. The eggs hatch into larvae. They live in streams or underground seepages. They the change into adults. There is some evidence that the female may protect the eggs until they hatch. +Taxonomy. +Family Ichthyophiidae + += = = Rhinatrematidae = = = +Rhinatrematidae is the family of neotropical tailed caecilians or beaked caecilians. They are found in the equatorial countries of South America. +They are usually said to be the most primitive of the caecilian families. They have many features other groups do not. For example, they still have a tail, and the mouth is not to the back on the underside of the head. They lay their eggs in small holes in the soil. The larvae have external gills. They live in seepages until they change into adults. The adults live in moist soil and leaf litter. +Taxonomy. +There are nine species in two genera. +Family Rhinatrematidae + += = = Emily Jacir = = = +Emily Jacir (, born 1970 in Bethlehem) is a Palestinian artist. She uses movies, photography, video and performance art. Her work was first shown in 1994. Since then, it has been shown in exhibitions around the Americas, Europe and the Middle East. It is held in museums in Italy, Palestine, England, San Francisco, and several museums in New York. +Jacir won the Golden Lion for artists under 40 () at the Venice Biennale in October 2007. She also won the Prince Claus Award in 2007. In 2008, the won the annual Hugo Boss Prize. + += = = Jeff Fischer = = = +Jeff Fischer (born 1968) is an American voice actor. He is known for his work in commercials, cartoons, and video games. In 2005 he was chosen to announce the Teen Choice Awards. He is mostly known for his role as Jeff Fischer in "American Dad!". + += = = Meles Zenawi = = = +Meles Zenawi Asres (8 May 1955 – 20 August 2012) was the Prime Minister of Ethiopia since 1995 till his death on 20 August 2012. He was President of Ethiopia from 1991 to 1995. Since 1985, he was the chairman of the Tigrayan Peoples' Liberation Front, and the head of the ruling Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front. +Meles was born in Adwa, Tigray in Northern Ethiopia, to an Ethiopian father from Adwa, Ethiopia, and a mother from Adi Quala, Eritrea. Meles Zenawi was married to Azeb Mesfin and was the father of three children. Meles died on August 20, 2012 in a hospital in Brussels, Belgium after having a brain tumor removed. Zenawi's health was in question for weeks until his death. Meles was admitted to hospital in July 2012. He was 57 years old. + += = = Neon Trees = = = +Neon Trees is an American alternative rock band from Provo, Utah. Neon Trees has four members in the band; the current band members are Tyler Glenn, Chris Allen, Branden Campbell and Elaine Bradley. +The band was formed in 2005 by band members and neighbours at the time; Tyler Glenn and Chris Allen. The bands name originates from the lighted trees on the In-N-Out Burger signs. +They released an EP titled ""Start a Fire" in 2009 and it was limited to one pressing of 600 units and was only available for sale at shows in their late 2009. They released their debut album "Habits" on March 16, 2010, under Mercury and Def Jam Recordings. They are currently signed to Mercury Records and Def Jam Recordings. They released their second studio album "Picture Show"" on April 17, 2012. They released their third album, "Pop Psychology", on April 22, 2014. +Discography. +So far as of 2014, Neon Trees have released three albums and one EP: +EPs. +Becoming Different People 2006 + += = = Victor Ponta = = = +Victor Ponta (b. 20 September 1972, Bucharest) is a Romanian politician. He was president of the Social Democratic Party (PSD) from February 2010 until July 2015 when he resigned. On 7 May 2012, he became Prime Minister of Romania. He resigned on 5 November 2015. +He studied law in Bucharest, finishing in 1995. He was PSD's candidate for the Romanian presidential elections in 2014, but since then has left the Social Democratic Party and created his own party which he called the Pro Romania Party. +Sources. +Victor Ponta's official site + += = = Steering = = = +Steering is the collection of mechanical parts which allow a vessel (ship, boat) or vehicle (truck, car, motorcycle or bicycle) to follow the desired course. Rail transport vehicles (trains and trams or streetcars) are steered by their rail tracks. +In vehicle steering, the person turning the steering wheel directly controls the rate of the turn. Response is immediate. Submarines and ships operate in water, and use control surfaces that work on the fluid. There is a delay between the steering controls and the time it takes for the system to respond. +Some land vehicles such as tanks, and some boats, can use differential steering, in which one side is pushed forward. + += = = Game controller = = = +A game controller is a device used to play video games. +Types of game controllers. +Gamepad. +A gamepad, also known as a joypad, is a common type of game controller. They are held in both hands with thumbs and fingers used to press buttons on the gamepad. Gamepads can have a number of action buttons with one or more control sticks. Gamepads is part of playing a video game console. A player must use a gamepad in order to play any video game. Gamepads were first used on early computers. +On a Nintendo gamepad, the action buttons are colored with letters (A, B, X, Y). There is a start and a select option on the gamepad. On the left of the gamepad, there are arrows which the player uses to move in the video game. +Paddle. +A paddle is a game controller with a round wheel and one or more "fire buttons". The wheel is used to control movement in a video game. The paddle was not liked by many gamers. This type of controller was used on the "Atari 2600" and "Indy 500". +Joystick. +A joystick is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base and reports its angle or direction to the device it is controlling. Joysticks are often used to control video games and usually have one or more push-buttons whose state can also be read by the computer. A popular variation of the joystick used on modern video game consoles is the analog stick. +The joystick has been the principal flight control in the cockpit of many aircraft, particularly military fast jets, where centre stick or side-stick location may be employed. Joysticks are also used for controlling machines such as cranes, trucks, underwater unmanned vehicles and zero turning radius lawn mowers. Miniature finger-operated joysticks have been adopted as input devices for smaller electronic equipment such as mobile phones. + += = = Famitsu = = = + is a Japanese language video game magazine. It is published by Enterbrain, Inc. and Tokuma. Currently, there are five "Famitsū" magazines: "Shūkan Famitsū", "Famitsū PS3 + PSP", "Famitsū Xbox 360", "Famitsū Wii+DS", and "Famitsū Wave DVD". is the original "Famitsū" magazine. It is known as the mostly read and respected video game news magazine in Japan. + += = = Florin Georgescu = = = +Florin Georgescu (born 25 November 1953, in Bucharest) is a Romanian politician. He was the Vice Prime Minister and Minister of Finances in Romania from 7 May 2012 to 21 December 2012. + += = = Crin Antonescu = = = +Crin Antonescu (b. 21 September 1959, Tulcea) is a Romanian liberal politician. Antonescu was the President of PNL but in 2014 quit the presidency and now is only a member of the party. +On 3 July 2012, he was elected President of the Romanian Senate. In 2014 he resigned and was replaced by Cătălin Popescu Tăriceanu + += = = Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu = = = +Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu (born 22 September 1968, Iași) is a Romanian politician, historian and diplomat. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2004 to 2007 and director of the Foreign Intelligence Service from 2007 to 2012. He was Prime Minister of Romania from 9 February 2012 until 9 May 2012. +Education. +He learned at Mathematics-Physics high school "Costache Negruzzi" from Iași. + += = = Magnetostatic loudspeaker = = = +A magnetostatic loudspeaker is a dipole speaker. It is quite similar than electrostatic loudspeaker but it doesn't use high voltages, it uses high currents. +The impedance of a magnetostatic speaker may be so low that an amplifier has to be ready to feed low impedance. Sound quality about current speaker type is respected. + += = = The Pursuit of Happyness = = = +The Pursuit of Happyness is a 2006 American biographical drama movie. The movie's story was about an entrepreneur, Chris Gardner, and his time while he was homeless. The movie's director was Gabriele Muccino. The movie starred Will Smith. He played Gardner in the movie. Smith's son, Jaden Smith also starred in the movie. He played Gardner's son, Christopher Jr. +Music. +The soundtrack of the movie was released on January 9, 2007. + += = = Constitutional Court of Romania = = = +The Constitutional Court of Romania (CCR) is independent of any other public authority. It has, according to the Romanian Constitution, the "guardian of constitutional rule". This means the court has the power to make decisions, if the meaning of official laws is questioned (or "challenged"). This could happen if the laws are written so that they might harm the rights and freedoms of the Romanian people. + += = = Augustin Zegrean = = = +Augustin Zegrean (born 29 March 1954, in Sânmartin, Cluj) is a Romanian lawyer. Since 13 July 2007, he has been a judge at the Constitutional Court of Romania. On 17 July 2010 he was chosen as President of the Constitutional Court of Romania. He graduated from the University of law Babeș-Bolyai from Cluj în 1980. + += = = CCR = = = +CCR might mean: + += = = Dwight F. Davis = = = +Dwight Filley Davis (July 5, 1879 - November 28, 1945) was an American tennis player and politician. He was the founder of the international tennis competition "Davis Cup". +He served as United States Secretary of War from 1925 to 1929. +Davis died at his home in Washington, D.C. on November 28, 1945, after a six-month illness. + += = = Sepp Blatter = = = +Josef Blatter, mostly known as Sepp Blatter, (born 10 March 1936) is a Swiss association football administrator. He is best known as the 8th President of FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). He served as president from 1998 until his resignation in 2016. He replaced the popular João Havelange. His presidency ended when he was banned from FIFA on 21 December 2015. He officially left office after Gianni Infantino replaced him on 26 February 2016. +Early life. +Blatter was born in Visp, Switzerland. He studied at the University of Lausanne. +President of FIFA (1998-2016). +Blatter was elected President of FIFA on 8 June 1998 succeeding João Havelange. He was re-elected in 2002, 2007, 2011 and 2015. But on 2 June, just days after being re-elected, he announced that he would resigned after a new president would be elected due to corruption accusations. On 8 October 2015, Blatter and other top FIFA officials were suspended amid the investigation. +On 21 December 2015 it was announced that Blatter would be banned for a period of eight years amid the corruption case. He left office on 26 February 2016 after Gianni Infantino replaced him. +Personal life. +Blatter was married to Liliane Biner, but the marriage didn't last. Then he married Barbara Käser in 1981. The couple divorced in 1991. Then he married Graziella Bianca in 2002. The couple divorced in 2004. He was in a relationship with Ilona Boguska from 1995 through 2002. He is now in a relationship with Linda Barras as of 2014. Blatter has one daughter, Corinne. +Blatter lives in Zürich, Switzerland with Boguska and his daughter. + += = = Kieren Perkins = = = +Kieren John Perkins OAM (born 14 August 1973), is an Australian professional sportsman. He is best known as a swimmer. +Perkins won two Olympic gold medals in 1992 and 1996 in the 1500-metre freestyle, and a silver medal in 2000. + += = = Tracy Austin = = = +Tracy Austin (born 12 December 1962, in Palos Verdes, California) is a former American tennis player. She is youngest ever US Open female singles champion and the youngest person to become a member in the International Tennis Hall of Fame. + += = = Ally Sheedy = = = +Alexandra Elizabeth "Ally" Sheedy (born June 13, 1962) is an American movie and television actress who was once tied to the Brat Pack in the 1980s. She was born and raised in New York City. Notable movies in which she starred include: "The Breakfast Club", "Short Circuit" and "WarGames". The actress was born in New York City. Her father is of Irish Catholic background; her mother is Jewish. +On April 12, 1992, Sheedy married actor David Lansbury, the nephew of actress Angela Lansbury and son of Edgar Lansbury, the original producer of Godspell. They have a son, Beckett, born 1994. In 2008, Sheedy announced that she and Lansbury had filed for divorce. + += = = Royal Mail Ship = = = +Royal Mail Ship (RMS) is the ship prefix used for seagoing vessels that carry mail under contract to the British Royal Mail. +History. +In the early 19th century, the British Admiralty provided RMS service. +The designation "RMS" has been used since 1840. +In 1850 contracts were awarded to private companies. Having the title "RMS" was seen as a mark of quality and a competitive advantage, because the mail had to be on time. + += = = Royal Medical Society = = = +Royal Medical Society (RMS) is the oldest medical society in the United Kingdom. +The RMS is a British professional society engaged in the moving forward of medical knowledge. +History. +It was called "the Medical Society" when it was established in 1737. The Society was granted a Royal Charter in 1778. +RMS is based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The society has members throughout the world. + += = = Royal Microscopical Society = = = +Royal Microscopical Society (RMS) is a British and international scientific society. RMS promotes the scientific field which uses microscopes. + += = = List of Royal Societies = = = +List of Royal Societies includes organizations with a royal charter and permission to use the term "Royal" in the official name. These include + += = = Agnieszka = = = +Agnieszka is the Polish equivalent of the forename "Agnes". The moniker Agnieszka has its roots in the Greek name Agnes, which translates to "pure" or "chaste." It gained popularity in Poland in the Middle Ages and has remained a common name for Polish girls ever since. In Polish, the name is pronounced as "ahg-NYESH-kah," and it is frequently abbreviated as "Aga", "Agniesia", "Agusia", "Agula" for convenience.(not: Neszka, Agnuszka, Agniszka) + += = = Angie Harmon = = = +Angela Michelle "Angie" Harmon (born August 10, 1972) is a fashion model and actress. She appeared on the covers of "ELLE" and "Esquire" magazines. Harmon also acted in television series including "Rizzoli & Isles", "Law & Order" and "Baywatch". +References. +<br> + += = = Novi Sad = = = +Novi Sad (Serbian Cyrillic: ���� ���, ) is the second largest city in Serbia. It is the capital of both Vojvodina and the South Bačka District. + += = = Subotica = = = +Subotica ( ) is a city in northern Serbia. It is in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. It is the northern most city in Serbia. +The Serbian language is the most employed language in daily life, but Hungarian is also used by almost one third of the population in their daily conversations. Both languages are also widely employed in commercial and official signage + += = = Contraband (2012 movie) = = = +Contraband is an American action crime thriller movie. It was directed by Baltasar Kormákur. It stars Mark Wahlberg and Kate Beckinsale. The movie is a remake of the 2008 Icelandic movie "Reykjavík-Rotterdam" which starred Kormákur. "Contraband" was released on January 13, 2012 in the United States by Universal Pictures. Filming took place in New Orleans, Louisiana and Panama City. "Contraband" was released to DVD on April 24, 2012 with a rating of R. + += = = Joyful Noise = = = +Joyful Noise is a 2012 musical movie. The movie stars Queen Latifah, Dolly Parton, Keke Palmer, Courtney B. Vance, and Jeremy Jordan. The screenplay was written by Max Myers and Todd Graff, and directed by Todd Graff. The music was by Mervyn Warren who used gospel music in the movie. "Joyful Noise" was released in the United States on January 13, 2012. +Plot. +Two women are forced to work with each other after a budget cut threatens to shut down a small town choir. +Box Office. +The movie gross to USD$11.2 million on its opening weekend. It became the number four movie that week. It grossed $30,932,113 to date. + += = = We Need to Talk About Kevin = = = +We Need to Talk About Kevin is a 2011 British-American crime movie. It was directed by Lynne Ramsay. It was based on Lionel Shriver's novel of the same name. The movie was developed in 2005 but due to money problems it was not filmed until April 2010. +Tilda Swinton stars as the mother of Kevin. Throughout the movie she tries to understand why her son is a sociopath and murderer. The movie premiered at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival and was released in the United Kingdom on October 21, 2011. "We Need to Talk About Kevin" was released on Blu-ray and DVD on May 29, 2012. +Box office. +As of April 19, 2012, "We Need To Talk About Kevin" has grossed $1,656,241 in North America, along with $4,300,250 in other countries, for a worldwide total of $5,956,491. + += = = Haywire = = = +Haywire is a 2011 action thriller movie. It was directed by Steven Soderbergh. It stars Gina Carano, Antonio Banderas, Michael Douglas, Ewan McGregor, Channing Tatum, and Michael Fassbender. +"Haywire" was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on May 1, 2012. +Box office. +"Haywire" was released on January 20, 2012. It grossed USD$18.9 million on its opening weekend. It grossed to $32.4 million in total. + += = = Emilio Estevez = = = +Emilio Estevez (born May 12, 1962) is an actor, director and producer. He was originally part of the Brat Pack in the 1980s. His most notable movies include "The Breakfast Club", "Repo Man" and "Men at Work". Estevez' father is actor Martin Sheen. His brother is actor Charlie Sheen. + += = = The Fairly OddParents (season 1) = = = +The first season of The Fairly OddParents is the first installment of the series. It first aired on March 30, 2001 with the first episode "The Big Problem / Power Mad!". +Episodes. +<onlyinclude> +</onlyinclude> + += = = Morgan Paull = = = +Morgan Paull (December 15, 1944 – July 17, 2012) was an American actor. He was mostly known for his role as Holden in the Ridley Scott movie "Blade Runner". +Early life and career. +Paull was born on December 15, 1922 in New York City, New York. Paull's career began in 1970 in the movie "Patton". His career would last until his retirement in 1996. +Personal life. +Paull was married to Gaye Huston from 1965 until they divorced in 1976. He was married to Carmen Paull from 1976 until they divorced in 1996. He was married to April Paull from 1990 until they divorced. He was married to Jenny Elam from 2004 until his death in 2012. +Paull had 2 daughters. +Death. +Paull died on July 17, 2012 from Stomach cancer in his home in Ashland, Oregon, he was 67 years old. + += = = Jill St. John = = = +Jill St. John (born August 19, 1940) is an American actress. She is best known for her acting in the 1971 movie "Diamonds are Forever". She has acted in many movies. She has not acted since about 2002. She was born in Los Angeles. + += = = Frank Cady = = = +Randolph Cady (September 8, 1915 – June 8, 2012) was an American movie and television actor best known for his recurring and popular role as storekeeper Sam Drucker in three American television series during the 1960s — "Petticoat Junction", "Green Acres", and "The Beverly Hillbillies". +Cady was born on September 8, 1915 in Susanville, California. Cady was married to Shirley Cady from 1940 until her death in 2008. Cady had 2 children. Cady died on June 8, 2012 in his home in Wilsonville, Oregon from natural causes, aged 96. + += = = Shiogama Jinja = = = + is a Japanese Shinto shrine in Shiogama, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. +History. +The shrine was established in the ninth century. "Shiogama jinja" was one of two the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") for the Mutsu Province. When Miyagi Prefecture and Fukushima Prefecture were create in the Meiji period, the shrine continued to be the "ichinomiya" for the same area. + += = = Ben Gazzara = = = +Biagio Anthony Gazzarra (August 28, 1930 – February 3, 2012), known as Ben Gazzara, was an American movie, stage, and Emmy Award winning television actor and director. Gazzara has appeared in many movies such as; "Capone", "Saint Jack", "An Early Frost", "Road House", "Summer Sam", "13", and his final movie "Max Rose". +Gazzara was born on August 28, 1930 in New York City, New York. He was educated at the Actors Studio and at The New School. Gazzara was married to Loiuse Erickson from 1951 until they divorced in 1957. Secondly he married Janice Rule from 1961 until they divorced in 1979. Gazzara lastly married Elke Krivat from 1982 until his death in 2012. Gazzara died on February 3, 2012 from Pancreatic cancer, he was 81 years old. + += = = Timothy Hutton = = = +Timothy Hutton (born August 16, 1960) is an American movie and television actor who starred in the 1980 movie "Ordinary People". He also acted in several other movies, including "French Kiss" and "All the Money in the World". He was born around California. + += = = Luke Askew = = = +Luke Askew (March 26, 1932 – March 29, 2012) was an American movie and television actor best known for his role in the 1969 film "Easy Rider". He had a rare lead role in the spaghetti Western "Night of the Serpent" ("La notte dei serpenti" – 1969). Askew began his career in the 1967 Otto Preminger movie "Hurry Sundown" and his career would last until his retirement in 2005. Askew was born in Macon, Georgia. Askew died on March 29, 2012 from lung cancer in his home in Portland, Oregon, he was 80 years old. Askew was never married. + += = = Lauren Hutton = = = +Lauren Hutton (born November 17 1943, Charleston, South Carolina) is an American fashion model and actress who appeared on the cover of "Vogue" magazine more than 20 times. She acted in multiple movies in her career, such as "American Gigolo", a movie from 1980. + += = = Otto Preminger = = = +Otto Ludwig Preminger (5 December 1905 – 23 April 1986) was an Austrian-American movie director and producer, theatre director, and actor. +Early life. +Preminger was born on December 5, 1905 in Vyzhnytsia, Wiznitz, Austria–Hungary (present Vyzhnytsia, Ukraine) to Jews Markus and Josefa Preminger. +Career. +After moving from the theatre to Hollywood, he directed over 35 feature movies in a 50 year career. He rose to fame for his stylish movie mysteries such as "Laura" (1944) and "Fallen Angel" (1945). In the 1950s and 1960s, he directed a number of high-profile adaptations of popular novels and stage works. Several of these pushed the boundaries of censorship by dealing with topics which were then taboo in Hollywood, such as drug addiction ("The Man with the Golden Arm", 1955), rape ("Anatomy of a Murder", 1959) and gay ("Advise & Consent", 1962). He was twice nominated for the Best Director Academy Award. He also had a few acting roles. +Personal life. +Preminger was married to Marion Mill from 1932 until they divorced in 1946. Secondly he married Mary Gardner from 1951 until they divorced in 1959. Lastly he married Hope Bryce from 1971 until his death in 1986. +Death. +Preminger died in New York City, New York on April 23, 1986, from lung cancer and Alzheimer's disease, he was 80 years old. He was cremated and is buried in the Azalea Room of the Velma B. Woolworth Memorial Chapel at Woodlawn Cemetery in Bronx, New York. + += = = Ian Abercrombie = = = +Ian Abercrombie (11 September 1934 – 26 January 2012) was an English actor. +Career. +Abercrombie was known for playing Alfred Pennyworth in "Birds of Prey". He appeared as Elaine Benes's boss, Justin Pitt, during the sixth season of "Seinfeld", and Rupert Cananaugh, Ian Hainsworth's butler, in "Desperate Housewives". His career started in 1955 and would last until his death in 2012. +Personal life. +Abercrombie was born in September 11, 1934 in Grays, Essex, England. Abercrombie was married to Elizabeth Romano from 1956 until they divorced. Lastly he married Gladys Abercrombie until his death in 2012. +Death. +Abercrombie died on January 26, 2012, at 10:30am, in Hollywood, California from kidney failure. He was 77 years old. + += = = Esther Rolle = = = +Esther Rolle (November 8 1920 – November 17 1998) was an American actress. She was best known known for the series "Good Times". She died from diabetes. + += = = Esther Williams = = = +Esther Williams (August 8, 1921 – June 6, 2013) was an American former swimmer and actress. She starred in movies in her career. She later became a businesswoman. +Early life. +She was born in Inglewood, California. +Death. +Williams died in her sleep on June 6, 2013 in her Los Angeles home. + += = = Anthony Bate = = = +Anthony Bate (31 August 1927 – 19 June 2012) was an English actor. +He is possibly best known for his role as Oliver Lacon in the BBC television adaptations of the John le Carré novels "Tinker, Tailor, Soldier", "Spy" and "Smiley's People". +Bate's other credits include: "Dixon of Dock Green", "The Saint", "The Avengers", "Prime Suspect", "A Touch of Frost and Midsomer Murders". +Bate was born in Stourbridge, Worcestershire, England on August 31, 1927 to Hubert George Cookson Bate and to Cecile Marjorie Canadine. Bate was educated at the King Edward VI School, Stourbridge and at the Central School of Speech and Drama. His career would begin in 1953 and would last until his retirement in 2005. +Bate lived in London, England. Bate was married to Diana Fay from 1954 until his death in 2012, together they had 2 children. Bate died in Newport, Isle of Wight from a short illness, he was 84 years old. + += = = Christina Pickles = = = +Christina Pickles (born 17 February 1935) is an English movie, stage, and television actress, best known for her long-running role of Nurse Helen Rosenthal in the hospital drama "St. Elsewhere", for which she was nominated for four Emmy Awards. Pickles is also known as for playing Ross and Monica Geller's mother (alongside Elliott Gould) in the hit comedy sitcom "Friends". She was born in Yorkshire, England. She is currently not married. + += = = Michael York = = = +Michael York OBE (born Michael Hugh Johnson; 27 March 1942) is an English actor. York has a career that has spanned for 47 years. York has appeared in many movies such as; "Justine", "The Guru", "Murder on Orient Express", "Logan's Run", "Fedora", "True Women", "Leonard 6", "Austin Powers Movie Series", and in "Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen". +York was born in Fulmer, Buckinghamshire, England and is a naturalized American citizen. He studied at Bromley Grammar School for Boys and at the University College, Oxford. York has been married to Patricia McCallum since 1965. He has a stepson. +In 2013, York announced he is suffering from amyloidosis and this has affected his voice and face. + += = = Emil Boc = = = +Emil Boc (b. 6 September 1966, Răchițele, Cluj) is a Romanian politician. He was the president of the Democratic Liberal Party from 2005 to 2012. He was Prime Minister of Romania from 2008 - February 2012. Now he is Mayor of Cluj-Napoca. +Studies. +He finished The University of History and Philosophy Cluj and Law School. + += = = Fukui (city) = = = +Fukui City (or Fukui-shi; ���,) is the capital city of Fukui Prefecture in Japan. It became a core city of Japan in 2019. As of July 2021, there are 260,254 people living there. The land area is 275,381,842 square kilometers (1 October 2018). +From the Meiji period, the silk fabrics industry was a big business in Fukui City, but it has decreased after World WarII. Today the main industries of Fukui-shi are for fabrics and chemicals. +Because Fukui prefecture is famous for dinosaurs, there are monuments of dinosaurs in front of the JR Fukui station in the downtown of Fukui City. In addition, the building that is called "happiring" was built as part of city planning near the station. There are 186 cultural properties which include historical material, architectures, works of art, ethnic sites, scenic beauties, and cultural landscape. +History. +Fukui City (Fukui-jo) was built by Shibata Katsuie as a castle town in 1575. It was destroyed by far because of the war with Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Yuki (Matsudaira) Hideyasu later rebuilt the castle. +Fukui City was called Fukui-han from 1600 to 1871. In the late Edo period, before the Meiji Restoration (1868), the historical figures were active; The representative names are Matsudaira Shungaku, Hashimoto Sanai, Kusakabe Taro, and W.E.Griffis. They have contributed to Fukui City and Japan. +From the 1890s, silk cloth business became the main business in Fukui City. On 19 July 1945, during World War II, Fukui City was attacked by the United States, then the town was destroyed.The air raid lasted for about two hours, with a casualty rate of 93.2%, a burnout rate of 96%, and a death toll of 1,576. +People in Fukui City have rebuilt the town. However, an earthquake (Fukui-jishin) destroyed the city on 8 July 1948. The earthquake had a magnitude of 7.1 and a seismic intensity of 6. The number of victims was 3,858 people, and the death toll was 3,579. With the support from the Japanese government and other prefectures, Fukui City was rebuilt within one year. +In 2018, Fukui city was hit by heavy snow (Fukui-gosetsu). The city overcame this disaster by asking many groups such as self-defense forces for help. In the same year, Fukui city was chosen as a core city because of changes in the law. Thanks to it, Fukui city has been able to provide high quality service to citizens. + += = = Obama, Fukui = = = + is a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan. +History. +In the pre-modern period, Obama was the main port and capital of Wakasa Province. +In the Edo period, Obama was the capital of the Obama Domain. +In 1871, the Obama Domain become Obama prefecture after the abolition of domains and establishment of prefectures. Later, the merger was repeated and in 1951 the present city of Obama was established. +Climate. +Obama has a humid subtropical climate with warm, wet summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Obama is 14.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 2005 mm with September as the wettest month.The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.4 °C, and lowest in January, at around 3.8 °C. +Population. +From Japanese census data, +Specialities. +Traditional Crafts +Wakasa Lacquer uses a "polishing" technique that involves coating on many layers of lacquer. Wakasa Lacquer made over several months’ time by coating the finest lacquer some ten-odd times, applying a pattern with shells, eggshells, and gold leafs, and polishing it with stones and charcoal. +Wakasa agate work is the root of precious stone work of Japan. Wakasa agate works carved through unique technique is the greatest of precious stone arts. Wakasa agate work is made by applying heat to the rough stone to make it red, and deciding the shape of carving taking into consideration the scratches on the natural stone and long-lasting polishing work. +Foods +Since Obama is facing the sea of Japan, it has a lot of fish. "Heshiko" is a traditional dish that uses a salted blue-skin fish, and it can be preserved for a long time. +Yopparaisaba uses mackerel that was raised on sake lees. +Omizuokuri. +Omizuokuri is an event that is held on every March second by Jinguji-Temple. In this event, they put purified water in the depth of Unose.Ten days after this event, an event called Omizutori is held in Nigatsu-do Hall in Nara Prefecture, and the water comes from Jinguji-Temple is drew up on Nigatsu-do Hall. + += = = Ike Turner = = = +Ike Turner (November 5, 1931 – December 12, 2007) was an American singer, songwriter and recording artist. He recorded many hit records, most of which were done with his wife Tina Turner. He was born in Clarksdale, Mississippi, although he later moved to St. Louis, Missouri then to California. +He recorded “Rocket 88” a hit in 1951 for Jackie Brenston and His Delta Cats. Brenston was Turner's saxophonist and the Delta Cats were actually Turner's Kings of Rhythm back-up band. Some people think this was the first rock and roll record. +He died of an accidental cocaine overdose in San Diego. + += = = Nicolae Văcăroiu = = = +Nicolae Văcăroiu (born 5 December 1943 in Cetatea Albă, now Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi in Ukraine) is a Romanian politician. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party. He was the Prime Minister between 1992 and 1996. Before the 1989 Revolution he worked at the Committee for State Planning with Theodor Stolojan. +He was the President of the Senate of Romania for almost eight years. +On 14 October 2008 he was voted by the Parliament as President of the Court of Audit. + += = = Galina Bob = = = +Galina Dmitriyevna Bob (; born 4 November 1984) is a Russian movie, television and theatre actress. She is most famous for role of Maria "Bobylych" Bobylkina in the comedy television series "Deffchonki", which she has been playing since 2012. + += = = Melissa & Joey = = = +Melissa & Joey is an ABC Family television series. It stars Melissa Joan Hart and Joey Lawrence. It first aired on ABC Family on August 17, 2010. The show follows local politician Mel Burke (Melissa Joan Hart) and Joe Longo (Joey Lawrence). Mel hires him to take care of her niece and nephew after a Ponzi scheme leaves him broke. +The show has been renewed by ABC Family for a second season of fifteen episodes. They began airing on May 30, 2012. The show is ranked number one on Cable TV's telecast at 8 o'clock for people ages 18–34, 18-49 and 12-34. On August 17, 2012, ABC Family renewed the show for a third season. It premiered in Spring 2013. The fourth series begins in October 2014. +On May 24, 2011, "Shout! Factory" released "Melissa & Joey: Season One, Part One" on DVD in Region 1. It includes special features and a sneak peek of the rest of season one episodes, bloopers and interviews with the cast. On October 4, 2011, "Shout! Factory" released "Melissa & Joey: Season One, Part Two" on DVD in Region 1. It included the rest of the episodes of the first season in a 2-disc set. +What is the show about? +Mel Burke (Melissa Joan Hart) lives in Toledo, Ohio. She is a politician there. Her sister and brother-in-law ran a Ponzi scheme. The sister is in prison and the brother-in-law is on the run. This leaves her niece Lennox and her nephew Ryder without their parents to take care of them. Mel takes them into her home. However, Joe Longo (Joey Lawrence) used to work for Mel's brother-in-law and lost everything he had including his car, money, house and his wife who left him. He tries to find a job. Mel finds it hard to handle her own life including parenting her niece and nephew. She hires Joe to become the family's new male nanny, or "manny". +Episodes. +<onlyinclude> +</onlyinclude> + += = = Mario Van Peebles = = = +Mario Van Peebles (born January 15, 1957) is an American movie actor who was born in Mexico City. He directed and starred in numerous movies, including "New Jack City". He is son of filmmaker Melvin Van Peebles. + += = = Joyce Brothers = = = +Joyce Brothers (October 20, 1927 – May 13, 2013) was an American television personality and actress. She has been on many TV programs. These include "The Nanny", "Melrose Place" and "Frasier". She is also a newspaper columnist. Many date of birth related sources say 1927 is her birth year while others claim 1928 or 1929 was her birth year. Brothers died on May 13, 2013 in Fort Lee, New Jersey from respiratory failure, aged 85. + += = = Herbert Lom = = = +Herbert Lom (Herbert Karel Angelo Kuchačevič ze Schluderpacheru, September 11, 1917 – September 27, 2012) was a Czech-English movie, stage, and television actor who was based London, England in the United Kingdom since 1939 until his retirement in 2009. +In a career lasting more than 60 years he appeared in character roles, usually playing villains early in his career and professional men in later years. He is best known for his role as (former) Chief Inspector Charles Dreyfus in the "Pink Panther" movie series. Lom retired in 2009. +Lom was born in Prague, Austria-Hungary (now Czech Republic) on September 11, 1917 to Karl ze Schluderpacheru and to Olga (née Gottlieb). He was raised in London, England. Lom was married three times. He was married to Dina Shea from 1948 until they divorced in 1971. Lom had three children. Lom was friends with actor Peter Sellers. +Lom died on September 27, 2012 in his sleep in his London, England home from natural causes, aged 95. Lom died just 16 days later from his 95th birthday. + += = = The Satanic Bible = = = +The Satanic Bible is a 1969 book by Anton LaVey. The Church of Satan considers it their main text. It is a collection of essays that detail the core principles of Satanism. It is not a book about worshiping Satan. Satan in The Satanic Bible is just a symbol of freedom from the restrictive rules of Christianity and other right-hand path religions. The Satanic Bible teaches that God and the Devil do not exist, and encourages people to worship themselves instead. + += = = Don Grady = = = +Don Louis Agrati (June 8, 1944 – June 27, 2012), better known as Don Grady, was an American television, and movie actor, composer, and musician. He was best known both as one of Mickey Mouse's original "Mouseketeers", and as Robbie Douglas on "My Three Sons". His sister was also an actress, billed as Lani O'Grady. Their father was Lou A. Agrati. Their mother was a talent agent, known as Mary Grady. +Grady was born in San Diego, California on June 8, 1944. Grady was married two times; first to Julie Boonisar from 1976 until they divorced in 1979. Lastly he was married to Virginia Lewsader from 1985 until his death in 2012. Grady died on June 27, 2012 in his home in Thousand Oaks, California from cancer. He was 68 years old. + += = = George Murdock = = = +George Murdock (June 25, 1930 – April 30, 2012) was an American television and movie actor. +Among his most famous characters for movies and TV were Lt. Scanlon, the oily Internal Affairs officer in "Barney Miller", Dr. Salik in "Battlestar Galactica" TV series and his appearance in "Star Trek V: The Final Frontier", directed by William Shatner, who called him "a wonderful actor". Murdock career would begin in 1961 until his death in 2012. +Murdock was born on June 25, 1930 in Salina, Kansas. Murdock was never married and had no children. Murdock died on April 30, 2012 in a hospital in Burbank, California from complications from cancer, he was 81 years old. + += = = Doris Singleton = = = +Doris Singleton (Dorthea Singleton; September 28, 1919 – June 26, 2012) was an American movie and television actress. She was best known for her role as Carolyn Appleby in "I Love Lucy". Her career lasted for 31 years until her retirement in 1986. +Singleton was born in New York City, New York on September 28, 1919. Singleton was married to Charles Issacs from 1941 until his death in 2002. They had no children. +Singleton died on June 26, 2012 in her home in Los Angeles, California from natural causes. She was 92 years old. + += = = Blake Edwards = = = +Blake Edwards (July 26, 1922 – December 15, 2010) was an American director, producer, screenwriter and actor. +Early life. +Born William Blake Crump in Tulsa, Oklahoma. His grandfather was J. Gordon Edwards, a director of silent movies, and his stepfather, Jack McEdwards, became a film production manager after moving his family to Los Angeles in 1925. He was raised in Tulsa, Oklahoma. +Career. +Edwards' career began in the 1940s as an actor, but he soon turned to writing radio scripts at Columbia Pictures. He would later begin to write or direct movie such as; "Experiment in Terror", "The Great Race", and the hugely successful "The Pink Panther" movie series with the British comedian Peter Sellers. Often thought of as primarily a director of comedies, he also directed drama movies such as; "Breakfast at Tiffany's" and "Days of Wine and Roses". His greatest successes, however, were his comedies, and most of his movies were either musicals, dramas, comedies, or horror. +Personal life. +Edwards was married to Patricia Walker from 1953 unti they divorced in 1967. Lastly he married Julie Andrews from 1969 until his death in 2010. He had 3 daughters and 1 son. He lived in Los Angeles, California. +Death. +Edwards died on December 15, 2010 from pneumonia in a hospital in Santa Monica, California, he was 88 years old. +Honors. +In 2004, he received an Honorary Academy Award. + += = = Nanny McPhee = = = +Nanny McPhee is a 2005 British fantasy movie. It was directed by Kirk Jones. The stars of Nanny McPhee are Emma Thompson and Colin Firth. Thompson also wrote the script for the movie. The script is based on Christianna Brand's Nurse Matilda books. +Plot. +"Nanny McPhee" is about a nanny called who had magic, and used it to help naughty children be good. The family in this movie has seven children, and all of them are naughty. Nanny McPhee taught them 5 lessons. The first lesson was to ‘sleep when they should sleep’. The second was to ‘get up when they are told’, the third lesson was ‘to get dress when they are told’, the fourth lesson was ‘to listen’ and the fifth and final lesson was to ‘completely obey parents' commands’. +Cedric Brown (Colin Firth)'s wife died, leaving behind seven children. Cedric was very busy at work and he had to take care of his children when he went home. Therefore, Cedric had already found 16 nannies. However, none could cope with the children. +A woman who looked extremely ugly appeared on his doorstep. The woman told Cedric that her name is Nanny +McPhee, and she would like to be the children's nanny. McPhee had magical powers. The children become nicer day by day, and Cedric's situation is improved a lot. + += = = Jerry Van Dyke = = = +Jerry McCord Van Dyke (July 27, 1931 – January 5, 2018) was an American actor and comedian. He performed in many television sitcoms and Big Lots commercials. His comedic acting goes back to the 1960s. He was the younger brother of Dick Van Dyke. +Early life. +Van Dyke was born Jerry McCord Van Dyke on July 27, 1931 in Danville, Illinois. His parents were Loren (nicknamed "Cookie") and Hazel (née McCord) Van Dyke. He was of Dutch ancestry on his father's side and of English and Scottish ancestry on his mother's side. His mother is a "Mayflower" descendant. +Death. +On January 5, 2018, Van Dyke died of heart failure at his ranch in Malvern, Arkansas at the age of 86. He had been in declining health since being involved a car accident two years earlier. + += = = Alon Abutbul = = = +Alon Moni Abutbul (born May 28, 1965) or Alon Aboutboul is an Israeli movie and television actor. +In 2005, he was voted the 158th-greatest Israeli of all time, in a poll by the Israeli news website "Ynet" to determine who the general public considered the 200 Greatest Israelis. Abutbul has appeared in more than 50 years and have a career of 33 years. Abutbul has recently appeared in Christopher Nolan's 2012 movie "The Dark Knight Rises". +Abutbul was born in Kiryat, Israel on May 28, 1965. Abutbul lives in Los Angeles, California with his partner Shir Bilya. They have four children together. + += = = Greg Kinnear = = = +Gregory "Greg" Kinnear (born June 17, 1963) is an American actor. He starred in over twenty movies, and was nominated for an Academy Award for his role in "As Good as It Gets". Other movies including "Sabrina", "You've Got Mail", "Nurse Betty", "We Were Soldiers", "Little Miss Sunshine", "Invincible", and "Green Zone". His television roles include "Friends", and his Emmy Award nominated roles for "Soup", "The Kennedys" and "Modern Family". + += = = Kristen Bell = = = +Kristen Anne Bell (born July 18, 1980) is an American actress. She stared in "Forgetting Sarah Marshall", "Veronica Mars", "When in Rome", "Spartan", "Gossip Girl", "Polish Wedding", and in the 2012 comedy "Hit and Run". She was nominated for a Golden Globe and the Critic's Choice Award for "The Good Place". +Early life. +She was born in Huntington Woods, Michigan. Her parents divorced when she was two, and she has two older stepsisters from her father's second marriage. She also has two younger half-sisters and two younger half-brothers from her mother's second marriage. +Marriage. +She began dating Dax Shepard in 2007. They became engaged in January 2010 and married on October 17, 2013. They have 3 children: Lincoln Bell Shepard (born March 28, 2013), Delta Bell Shepard (born December, 2014) and Simon Kenneth Shepard (born January 24, 2018). + += = = Kazutaka Komori = = = + was a Japanese political activist and murderer. In 1960, Komori stabbed the wife of a businessman and killed her 60-year-old maid. He wanted to kill the publisher of a fictional story about the Japanese Imperial family. Instead, he killed the man's wife and a servant. +Komori thought the publisher of the story showed disrespect for the Imperial House of Japan. + += = = Dax Shepard = = = +Dax Randall Shepard (born January 2, 1975) is an American actor, writer and director. He is also known for his role as Tom Marshall in "Without a Paddle". +Personal life. +Shepard started dating actress Kristen Bell in 2007. Their daughter, Lincoln Bell Shepard, was born on March 28, 2013. Dax and Bell married on October 17, 2013. Their second daughter, Delta Bell Shepard, was born on December 19, 2014. + += = = Bradley Cooper = = = +Bradley Charles Cooper (born January 5, 1975) is an American actor, filmmaker, occasional singer and producer. He is best known for his roles in the movies, "The Hangover", "The A-Team", "Wedding Crashers" and "Limitless". He appeared in the 2012 movie "Hit and Run". In 2011, he sang Shallow (Lady Gaga Song) at the Oscars"People" magazine named Cooper "Sexiest Man Alive". According to Pinkvilla, Cooper is one of the most famous actors of all time. +Early life. +Cooper was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He grew up in nearby Jenkintown, Pennsylvania. His parents were Gloria (née Campano) and Charles J. Cooper. Cooper was raised Catholic. +While attending Germantown Academy, Cooper worked at the "Philadelphia Daily News". After graduating from Germantown Academy in 1993, Cooper attended Villanova University for his first year, then transferred to Georgetown University. +Career. +Cooper began his career after a small guest role in an episode of "Sex and the City" in 1999. He starred in his first movie "West Hot American Summer" (2001). +Cooper then landed the role as Will Trippin the drama series "Alias". After leaving Alias in 2003, Cooper guest-starred on the short-lived TV series "Miss Match", and later returned twice to Alias to reprise his role in guest appearances. +Afterwards, Cooper began starring in small television movies for ABC Family. He starred in "I Want to Marry Ryan Banks". He then appeared in a television series called "Jack & Bobby". +In March 2006, Cooper starred in "Three Days of Rain" on Broadway with Julia Roberts and Paul Rudd at the Bernard B. Jacobs Theater. +Cooper appeared in Season 5 of "Nip/Tuck" as Aidan Stone, a television star on the fictional show "Hearts 'N Scalpels". In 2008, Cooper had roles in "Yes Man" with Jim Carrey and in "The Rocker" with Rainn Wilson. On February 7, 2009, Cooper hosted "Saturday Night Live". +In 2009, Cooper starred in the movies "He's Just Not That Into You", "Case 39", "All About Steve", and ""The Hangover". In 2012, he starred with Robert De Niro and Jennifer Lawrence in David O. Russell's "Silver Linings Playbook". +In 2013, Cooper reprised his role as Phil Wenneck in the third and final installment of The Hangover trilogy, "The Hangover Part III". That year, Cooper starred in "American Hustle", with Christian Bale, Amy Adams, Jeremy Renner and Jennifer Lawrence. His performance earned him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. +He starred in "Guardians of the Galaxy," providing the voice of Rocket Raccoon. Cooper stars in the 2018 remake of "A Star Is Born" alongside Lady Gaga. Cooper also directs the remake. In 2019, he produced the comic book thriller movie "Joker". +Personal life. +Cooper was married to Jennifer Esposito from December 2006 until they divorced in November 2007. He is Catholic. +Cooper began dating Russian model Irina Shayk in 2015. They welcomed their first daughter, Lea De Seine Shayk Cooper, on March 21, 2017. They ended their relationship in 2019. + += = = Stephen J. Cannell = = = +Stephen Joseph Cannell (February 5, 1941 – September 30, 2010) was an American television producer, writer, author, and occasional actor, and the founder of Stephen J. Cannell Productions. Cannell is known for creating the popular show "The A-Team". +Cannell was born in Los Angeles, California. He was educated at the University of Oregon and at Sigma Chi. Cannell was married to Marcia Cannell from 1964 until his death in 2010, they had 4 children (one of whom died). Cannell died on September 30, 2010 from skin cancer in his Pasadena, California home, he was 69 years old. + += = = August Ludwig von Schlözer = = = +August Ludwig von Schlözer (5 July 1735 — 9 September 1809) was a German historian. He made many important contributions to the study of the Universal History, and particularly, the History of Russia. +In 1804, Schlözer was ennobled and elected privy councilor by the Russian Tsar Alexander I of Russia +His outlook about the universal history influenced historians as Nikolai Karamzin. + += = = George Lopez = = = +George Edward Lopez (born April 23, 1961) is an American comedian, actor, and talk show host. He is mostly known for starring in his self-produced ABC sitcom "George Lopez". +His stand-up comedy examines race and ethnic relations, including Mexican-American culture. He was the host of the late-night talk show "Lopez Tonight" on TBS until its cancellation on August 12, 2011. +Personal life. +Lopez was born in Mission Hills, Los Angeles, California. Lopez was married to Ann Serrano from 1993 until they divorced in 2011, and had one child. +Influences. +Lopez stated comedians like Freddie Prinze, Chris Rock, Eddie Murphy, Richard Pryor, Bill Cosby, Katt Williams, Cheech & Chong and Paul Mooney as influences. +Political views. +On December 21, 2010, Lopez announced on "Good Day L.A." that he would run for mayor of Los Angeles in the upcoming years. +In an interview with Piers Morgan, Lopez stated that if Sarah Palin ever becomes the President of the United States, he would emigrate to Canada. In December 2015, Lopez announced his support for Bernie Sanders for President of the United States in the 2016 presidential election. + += = = Art Carney = = = +Arthur William Matthew “Art” Carney (November 4, 1918 – November 9, 2003) was an American actor in movies, stage, television and radio. He is best known for playing Ed Norton, alongside with Jackie Gleason's Ralph Kramden in the situation comedy "The Honeymooners", and for winning the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in "Harry and Tonto". +Carney was born on November 4, 1918 in Mount Vernon, New York. Carney was married three times; first to Jean Myers from 1940 until they divorced in 1965. Second, he was married to Barbara Isaac from 1966 until they divorced in 1977. Last, he was remarried to Jean Myers from 1980 until his death in 2003. Carney had three children with Myers. +Carney died on November 9, 2003 in Chester, Connecticut from natural causes. He was 85 years old. + += = = Jackie Gleason = = = +Jackie Gleason (John Herbert Gleason; February 26, 1916 – June 24, 1987) was an American comedian, actor, and musician. +Career. +He was known for his role as Ralph Kramden on "The Honeymooners". Among his most noted movies roles were as Minnesota Fats in the drama movie "The Hustler" (1961) starring Paul Newman, and as Buford T. Justice in "the Smokey and the Bandit movie series". Gleason's career would span for nearly 41 years until his retirement in 1986. +Personal life. +Gleason was born on February 26, 1916 in Brooklyn, New York City. +Gleason was married three times; first to Genevieve Halford from 1936 until they divorced in 1970. Secondly he married Beverly McKittrick from 1970 until they divorced in 1975. Lastly he married 1975 until his death in 1987. +Gleason died on June 24, 1987 in his Lauderhill, Florida home from colon cancer, he was 71 years old. + += = = David Morris = = = +David Cedric Morris (11 September 1924 – 29 October 2007) was an English painter and actor. He is best known for his role as Grandpa George in Tim Burton's "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" (2005). His career as a professional actor started at the age of 79. +Morris was born in Folkestone, Kent. He was educated at the University of Oxford. Morris was married to Olwen Goowin from 1957 until his death in 2007. They had four children. +Morris died on Ocotber 29, 2007 from a heart attack in his home in Watford, Hertfordshire. He was 83 years old. + += = = Mikhail Lomonosov = = = +Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov ( – ) was a Russian polymath, scientist and writer. Lomonosov made important contributions to literature, education, and science. Among his discoveries was the atmosphere of Venus. +As a scientist, he contributed to the fields of chemistry including principle of conservation of mass, physics, mineralogy, history, art, philology and optics, amongst others. Lomonosov was also a poet, and influenced the development of the modern Russian literary language. + += = = 4D movie = = = +A 4D movie is a combination of a 3D movie with things like smell and touch (physical effects). These effects happen at the same time the movie is running. (Note: 4D movies are not geometrically 4-dimensional.) Because these physical effects can cost a lot of money, 4D movies are usually shown only at special places, like theme parks and amusement parks. However, in Thailand, Mexico, Hong Kong, Nepal, South Korea, India and the U.S., some movie theatres can also show 4D movies. The movie "Avatar" was one of 10 movies that have been changed to 4D. The first was "Journey to the Center of the Earth". +Some of the effects used in 4D movies include rain, wind, strobe lights, and vibration. Water sprays and air jets are also often used. A 4D movie is not shown in a motion simulator. However, during a 4D movie, some seats may vibrate or move a few inches during the movie. + += = = Glow in the dark = = = +Glow-in-the-dark could mean: + += = = Yodohime Shrine = = = +, also known as the Kawakami jinja, is a Japanese Shinto shrine in Saga, Saga Prefecture. +History. +"Yodohime jinja" was founded in the sixth century. It enshrines the "kami" of the grandmother of Emperor Jimmu. +It was one of two chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Hizen Province and Saga Prefecture. + += = = Ichinomiya = = = + is a Japanese term for the chief Shinto shrines in each of the pre-modern provinces. +The "ichinomiya" are the shrines with the highest shrine rank in an area. Shrines of the lower rank are called "ninomiya" (��, second), "sannomiya" (��, third), "shinomiya" (��, fourth), and so forth. +History. +When prefectures were established in the Meiji period, the old system of provincial "ichinomiya" was not changed. Each new prefecture had one or more ichinomiya. + += = = Zapopan = = = +Zapopan () is a city and municipality in Jalisco, Mexico. It is part of the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area. + += = = Guayaquil = = = +Guayaquil (), officially Santiago de Guayaquil (), is the largest city in Ecuador. It has about 3.5 million in the metropolitan area. It is also the nation's main port. The city is the capital of both the Guayas Province and the Guayaquil Canton. + += = = Culiacán = = = +Culiacán () is the capital of Sinaloa. With 675,773 people, it is the largest city in the state of Sinaloa. The municipality has a total area of . + += = = Toluca Municipality = = = +Toluca, is the state capital of both the State of Mexico and its surrounding municipality. + += = = Crash Twinsanity = = = +Crash Twinsanity is a video game. It was published by Vivendi Universal Games. It was developed by Traveller's Tales for the PlayStation 2 and the Xbox. It was released in North America on October 1, 2004, in Europe on October 8, 2004 and in Japan on November 9, 2004. A Nintendo GameCube version was planned but it was later canceled. + += = = Crash of the Titans = = = +Crash of the Titans is a video game. It was published by Sierra Entertainment. It was developed by Radical Entertainment for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, Wii and Xbox 360. The Game Boy Advance and Nintendo DS versions of the game were developed by Amaze Entertainment. The game was first released in North America on October 3, 2007, in Europe on October 12, 2007 and in Australia on October 25, 2007. It is the first game in the "Crash Bandicoot" series not to have a Japanese release. +"Crash of the Titans" is the fourteenth "Crash Bandicoot" video game. It is the first "Mutant" Crash game. The game's story is about the discovery of a substance known as "Mojo". The main antagonist of the series, Doctor Neo Cortex, plans to use this and turn the inhabitants of the Wumpa islands into an army of loyal mutants known as "Titans". The protagonist of the game, Crash Bandicoot, must stop Cortex by using the technique of "jacking". He does this to take control and destroy Cortex's Titans. +The game was given a mixed review by video game critics. Critics did not like that the game was very short. They did, however, liked the variety in the game. However, "Crash of the Titans" was nominated for two awards. + += = = Robert Earl Jones = = = +Robert Earl Jones (February 3, c. 1910 - September 7, 2006) was an American actor. One of the movies he was in the 1973 movie "The Sting". He also was in the 1984 movie "The Cotton Club" and the 1983 movie "Trading Places". His year of birth is reported as between 1900 and 1911. The most often is 1910 as reported by the Social Security Administration. He was also the father of James Earl Jones. He died in Englewood New Jersey of natural causes. + += = = Crash Tag Team Racing = = = +Crash Tag Team Racing is a racing video game published by Sierra Entertainment. It was developed by Radical Entertainment for the PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, Xbox and PlayStation Portable. A Nintendo DS version was cancelled. The reason for this is unknown. The game was released in North America on October 19, 2005 and in Europe on November 4, 2005. + += = = Crash Boom Bang! = = = + is a party game developed by Dimps. It was published by Sierra Entertainment (Vivendi Universal Games for Japan) for the Nintendo DS. It was released in Japan on July 20, 2006, in North America on October 10, 2006, in Europe on October 27, 2006, and in Australia on November 2, 2006. It is the first and only game in the "Crash Bandicoot" series to be developed by a Japanese company. +"Crash Boom Bang!" is the first "Crash" game to be released for the Nintendo DS, and the second party game of the series, after "Crash Bash". The game's story centers on a multi-millionaire who uses the characters of the series to unearth a powerful object dubbed the "Super Big Power Crystal". The game was met with largely negative reviews for having unoriginal, dull gameplay and poor controls. + += = = Spyro (series) = = = +Spyro the Dragon is a series of video games. The first title was released for Sony's PlayStation. The "Spyro" series has become very popular since the first release and several sequels and spin offs. The "Spyro" series has sold more than 20 million units worldwide. The original "Spyro" series was restarted in 2006 with the release of the Legend of Spyro series. The series was rebooted again in 2011 when Skylanders was released. The first three games got a remake called Spyro Reignited Trilogy (2018). +The Original Series. +Console Games. +"Spyro the Dragon" was released on the Playstation in 1998. It features Spyro, a small, purple dragon; his dragonfly companion, Sparx; and a multitude of fellow dragons. It takes place in the Dragon Realms, an imaginary fantasy world, which is itself divided in six worlds: Artisans, Peace Keepers, Magic Crafters, Beast Makers, Dream Weavers, and Gnasty's World. At the beginning of the game the main antagonist, Gnasty Gnorc (a half gnome, half orc hybrid), seeks revenge against the dragons for banishing him and traps them in stone. Spyro was out playing hooky and was spared from a crystal prison. The point of the game is to charge, fly, and flame your way through each world, defeating enemies, saving dragons, and eventually facing and taking down Gnasty. +"" is the sequel to "Spyro the Dragon." It was released on the Playstation in 1999. Spyro and Sparx accidentally stumble upon the realm of Avalar, where the antagonist, Ripto (a tiny, mean dinosaur with a magic staff), is taking over the once-peaceful lands. Spyro was looking forward to having some rest but instead is dragged into a new adventure. In this episode of the series, the small dragon also meets a number of new allies, including the Professor, Hunter the cheetah, Elora the fawn, and Zoe the fairy, and must face Ripto and his henchmen, Crush and Gulp, two other dinosaurs who are not very smart. The game introduces some new movements which Spyro can do to advance in his quest, including swimming, climbing, and head-butting. +"" (2000) is the last game developed by Insomniac Games before the series got a different developer. The dragons are celebrating the coming of dragon eggs. This event takes place every twelve years. A mysterious girl steals all the eggs. Spyro, Sparx, and Hunter must follow her down a rabbit hole to the Forgotten Realms on the other side of the world. There they meet many new allies, which are also playable characters - Sheila the kangaroo, Sgt. Byrd the flying penguin, Bentley the yeti, and Agent 9 the monkey. The third game of the "Spyro" series also feature levels in which the player controls Sparx in a bird's eye view shooting game. Spyro and his new friends must find out why the Sorceress stole the eggs, what she plans to do with them, and how to stop her. +" (2002) was released for both the Sony PlayStation 2 and Nintendo GameCube consoles. In this game, Ripto steals the dragonflies from the dragons, and Spyro has to find them all and defeat Ripto. +" (2004) is available for Sony PlayStation 2, Microsoft Xbox and Nintendo GameCube. In this game, a dragon named Red uses evil Dark Gems to poison the Dragon Worlds. +GameBoy Advance Games. +The following "Spyro" games are available for the Nintendo GameBoy Advance portable console: +Nintendo DS Games. +" (2005) is the first and only Nintendo DS Spyro game. It is also the last Spyro game in the original series before the Legend of Spyro reboot. Spyro has to save everyone who lives in The Dragon Realms, Avalar, The Forgotten Worlds from a place called the Shadow Realm. +The Legend of Spyro Series. +" (2006) is the first game in the Legend of Spyro series. Spyro was raised by a family of dragonflies, including Sparx. One day he realizes he is not a dragonfly, but a dragon. Spyro meets a dragon Guardian named Ignitus, who tells Spyro that because he is purple, he is a special dragon who can breathe all four elements: fire, electricity, ice, and earth. This kicks off the start of his journey to save the remaining Guardian dragons in the world, Volteer, the Guardian of electricity; Cyril, the Guardian of ice, and Terrador, the Guardian of earth. They teach Spyro to master their elements after he rescues them. Spyro also has to defeat Cynder, a mysterious, evil dragon, who is working for the main antagonist of the series, the Dark Master. +" (2007) is the sequel to "A New Beginning." Cynder leaves the Dragon Temple because she feels guilty for what she did before she became good. Spyro goes after her. The Temple is then attacked apes, and Spyro has to defeat them. Spyro is eventually captured by pirates and has to escape. He also has to save Cynder, who has also been captured. +"" (2008) is the last game in the Legend of Spyro series. The characters and graphics are very different than the other two games. This is the first Spyro game that allows a player to fly at any time (free-fly mode). The game also has a co-op mode with Cynder. The story of game starts three years after the end of "The Eternal Night." Spyro and Cynder escape from the crystals that trapped them and are then bonded together with mysterious green energy chains created by the Dark Master. They have to work together to defeat the Dark Master, Malefor, once and for all. +Skylanders. +"Skylanders" is a multi-platform spin-off series of games that replaced the "Spyro" series. The game is played with real toys that can be used in the game. +Skylanders Games. +" (2011) – Microsoft Windows, Nintendo 3DS, OS X, PlayStation 3, Wii, Xbox 360, Wii U +" (2012) – Nintendo 3DS, PlayStation 3, Wii, Wii U, Xbox 360 +" (2013) – Nintendo 3DS, PlayStation 3, Wii, Wii U, Xbox 360, PlayStation 4, Xbox One +" (2014) – Nintendo 3DS, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Wii, Wii U, Xbox 360, Xbox One + += = = Amanda Anka = = = +Amanda Katherine Anka-Bateman (born December 10, 1968 in New York City, USA) is an American movie, television, and voice actress. +Biography. +Amanda Katherine Anka was born on December 10, 1968 in New York City. She was born to musician and actor Paul Anka and model Anne de Zogheb, who were married from 1963 until their divorce in 2000. Amanda is the second of five daughters. Her sisters are Alicia Anka (b.1970), Amelia Anka (b.1977), (b.1971) and Alexandra Anka (b.1966). She also has a younger half- +brother, Ethan Anka (b.2004). +Amanda married her boyfriend of two years, actor Jason Bateman (b.1969), on July 3, 2001. They have two daughters together - Francesca Nora Bateman (b.October 28, 2006) and Maple Sylvie Bateman (b.February 10, 2012). + += = = National Party of South Africa = = = +National Party of South Africa was an Afrikaner dominated white South African nationalist political party that controlled the South African government from 1948 to 1994. It was founded in 1914 by J.B.M. Hertzog as a result of disagreements between him and the leaders of the South African Party, which he then was a member of. In 1948 its leader Daniel Francois Malan became Prime Minister of South Africa, and the party began instituting apartheid in South Africa. However, apartheid was only one among a variety of issues that helped bring the National Party to power. Most people who voted for the National Party in 1948 were voting more against the previous United Party led by Jan Smuts than for Malan's National Party. This was because of Smuts's support of the United Kingdom in the Second World War, and other issues that irritated Afrikaner voters such as the poverty of Afrikaners, the competition from native Africans for jobs, the urbanization of Afrikaner towns, and the threat of communism, which the Afrikaner voters generally felt Smuts had wrongly handled and felt that the problems were partially his fault. South African President FW de Klerk, the last South African government leader to belong to the party, disbanded apartheid in the 1990s and allowed all adults of all races to vote for the first time in 1994, which resulted in the National Party being voted out of office. + += = = Universal Orlando Resort = = = +Universal Orlando Resort is a resort in Orlando, Florida. It is in a partnership between NBCUniversal and The Blackstone Group. The resort consists of two theme parks (Universal Studios Florida and Islands of Adventure), CityWalk (a nighttime entertainment destination), and three Loews hotels. CityWalk includes the 20 screen Loews Universal Cineplex, a lot of restaurants, shops, and clubs. There are eight restaurants, five entertainment areas and 11 shopping stores. +Universal Studios Florida. +Universal Studios Florida is one of the themes parks in Universal Orlando Resort. It includes rides and many shows. +Islands of Adventure. +Islands of Adventure is a theme park in Orlando, Florida. It opened in 1999 as an expansion to the Universal Orlando Resort and CityWalk areas. The park has six "islands", each having its own theme. +The Port of Entry is the area north of the entrance, positioned at the southernmost point of the park. It is primarily a shopping center, and has the feel of an Arabian bazaar. Its main feature is the Confisco Grille, a restaurant. Located next to the Port of Entry, Marvel Super Hero Island has rides similar to Marvel comic books. Its four rides are the Incredible Hulk Coaster, the only launched Bolliger and Mabillard roller coaster, The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man, a simulator ride set in New York, Doctor Doom's Fearfall, a vertically launched ride similar to Power Tower at Cedar Point in Ohio, and Storm Force Accelatron which is a faster version of the traditional Teacup ride. +Toon Lagoon contains mostly water rides and is themed after the cartoons found in the Sunday newspaper. These rides include Popeye & Bluto's Bilge Rat Barges, a whitewater rapids ride, and Dudley Do-Right's Rip Saw Falls, a log flume with a 50 foot drop. Also here is Me Ship, The Olive, a kids play area. The Comic Strip Cafe and Wimpy's provide food here. +Set in the time of Jurassic Park the movie, the only ride is Jurassic Park River Adventure. The Lost Continent has a theme of a lost medieval city. Dueling Dragons is an inverted roller coaster with two different tracks, Fire and Ice. Poseidon's Fury is a special effects show where you can explore Poseidon's underground tomb. Close by is The Eighth Voyage of Sindbad, a live action stunt show. Outside the entrance to this show is the mystical Talking Fountain which talks to, and soaks people who goes by it. Also in the Lost Continent is the Flying Unicorn, a roller coaster for children and The Enchanted Oak Tavern. Mythos is a casual sit-down restaurant at the entrance to the Continent. +Seuss Landing is the only zone at Islands of Adventure for small children. It is based on the works of the author Dr. Seuss. It has several Seuss-themed rides including the Caro-Seuss-el, The Cat in the Hat Ride, and If I Ran the Zoo. It also features One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish and the Green Eggs and Ham Cafe. +Former Attractions. +When the park opened, a boat ride, Island Skipper Tours, took park guests around the central lagoon of Islands of Adventure. It had stops in Port of Entry across from the Confisco Grille restaurant, and in Jurassic Park next to the Discovery Center. The ride was closed in 2002. +Originally Toon Lagoon featured a live show with cartoon characters. It was replaced in 2002 by a Dave Mirra-themed BMX stunt show. There used to be a Triceratops Encounter in Jurassic Park that featured a lifelike animatronic dinosaur. +A ride that was supposed to open with the park in Seuss Landing was Sylvester McMonkey McBean's Incredible Driving Machines. This was similar to Pteranodon Flyers in Jurassic Park in that parents and children could ride together in cars that ran on an elevated track that toured Seuss Landing. They were never able to get the ride to work, and the supplier that made most of the components went bankrupt in 1999. The ride never opened, but the tracks are still at the park. + += = = Sophie B. Hawkins = = = +Sophie Ballantine Hawkins (born November 1, 1964 near Manhattan, New York) is an American singer-songwriter and recording artist. She has had many hit records and songs. In particular, she is well known for the single "Damn I Wish I was Your Lover". + += = = Kristen Wiig = = = +Kristen Wiig (; born August 22, 1973) is an American actress and comedian. She is best known for acting on the NBC television comedy "Saturday Night Live". She also acted in many movies, including "Bridesmaids", "Adventureland", "Paul", and in the "Despicable Me" franchise. +In 2018, Wiig was cast as the villain Cheetah in the 2019 DC Extended Universe movie "Wonder Woman 1984". + += = = Arena = = = +An arena is a circular or oval shaped public space. It is similar to a theater, a concert or sporting events. It is made up of a large open space surrounded on all sides by seats or benches for people to sit. The main feature of an arena is that the event space is the lowest point. This allows everyone to see what's going on. Sometimes, an arena is created to have a very large number of people, such as New York City's Madison Square Garden or Pasadena's Rose Bowl. In the United States, the term 'arena', sometimes means an indoor stadium. + += = = Arena (disambiguation) = = = +An arena is a type of stadium or venue. +Arena may also refer to: + += = = Jeff Foxworthy = = = +Jeffrey Marshall "Jeff" Foxworthy (born September 6, 1958) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, radio, and television personality, author, voice artist, and comedian. He is known for having "Southern humor" and unusual styles of entertainment. He acted in "The Jeff Foxworthy Show" during the mid 1990s. He has also hosted game shows, hosting "Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?" and "The American Bible Challenge". +Early life. +He was born in Hapeville, Georgia. He is the first child of Jimmy Abstance Foxworthy, an IBM executive, and Carole Linda (Camp) Foxworthy. His parents are of English ancestry. His grandfather, James Marvin Camp, was a fireman in Hapeville for more than 30 years. + += = = Gary Barlow = = = +Gary William Barlow (born 20 January 1971) is an English singer-songwriter, pianist and record producer. He is frontman, lead singer and main songwriter of the boy band Take That. +Career. +In 1990, Gary Barlow became a member of the new founded boy band Take That. He is the main songwriter of the band. After the band broke up in 1996, Barlow started a solo career. He released two solo albums, "Open Road" and "Twelve Months, Eleven Days". He also wrote songs for other singers. Take That reformed in 2005. +Barlow was voted as the best British songwriter of all time in 2009. He was a judge at the TV show "The X Factor" from 2011 until 2013. +Barlow organized the concert for the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II in 2012. In May 2012, he released the album "Sing" with the Commonwealth Band. The solo album "Since I Saw You Last" was released in November 2013. +Personal life. +Barlow and his wife Dawn Andrews have three children Daniel, Emily and Daisy. Their fourth child was stillborn in August 2012. + += = = Príncipe = = = +Príncipe is the northern and smaller of the two major islands of the country of São Tomé and Príncipe. It is in the sea to the west of Africa. It has an area of . Close to 5,000 people live there. The island is a heavily eroded volcano over three million years old. It is surrounded by other smaller islands including Ilheu Bom Bom, Ilhéu Caroço, Tinhosa Grande and Tinhosa Pequena. Príncipe rises in the south to at Pico de Príncipe, in a part of the Obo National Park that is covered with trees. The north and centre of the island were formerly plantations, most of them formed by Portuguese colonialists using slave labor. These concentrated initially on producing sugar and later on cocoa, becoming the world's greatest cocoa producer. Since independence these plantations have since largely gone back to being forest. +Príncipe was the site where Einstein's Theory of Relativity was experimentally proved successful by Arthur Stanley Eddington and his team during the total solar eclipse of May 29, 1919. + += = = Russ Feingold = = = +Russell Dana "Russ" Feingold (born March 2, 1953) is an American politician and lawyer from the state of Wisconsin. He was a member of the Democratic Party of the United States Senate from 1993 to 2011 and a Wisconsin State Senator from 1983 to 1993. +On May 14, 2015 he announced his candidacy for a 2016 U.S. Senate run against the incumbent Senator, Ron Johnson. He was defeated by Johnson in a rematch of their 2010 Senate race. + += = = Chiriku Hachiman-gū = = = +, also known as , is a Japanese Shinto shrine in Miyaki, Saga Prefecture. +History. +Chiriku Hachiman-gū was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Hizen Province. It is a chief shrine of Saga Prefecture and Nagasaki Prefecture. +In 1940, the shrine was recognized in the system of State Shinto. It was ranked among the most significant shrines or which included 50 sanctuaries. + += = = Judith Light = = = +Judith Ellen Light (February 9 1949 in Trenton, New Jersey) is an American stage and television actress who has been featured in multiple soap operas and sitcoms. She acted in sitcoms such as "Who's the Boss?", "Ugly Betty" and "". + += = = X Factor = = = +The X Factor could mean: +Television. +The X Factor is a reality television show. People can enter as solo singers or in groups. They are judged by celebrity experts and the winner is decided by a public vote. In most versions, the winner gets prize money and a record deal. + += = = Samantha Morton = = = +Samantha Morton (born 13 May 1977) is an English actress. She was born in Nottingham. She has been nominated for many major awards for her acting. She began acting in 1991, although it was 2000 when she received recognition from worldwide. In particular she has been in movies, including "Sweet and Lowdown" (1999) and "Minority Report" (2002). + += = = Zootaxa = = = +Zootaxa is a scientific journal that publishes papers of zoology. It is edited by Magnolia Press (Auckland, New Zealand). The magazine was created by Zhi-Qiang Zhang in 2001 and the magazine is issued every week. +Zootaxa is indexed by BIOSIS, Zoological Record and the Current Contents Agriculture, Biology and Environmental Sciences. + += = = Aso Kujū National Park = = = + is a national park of Japan in Kumamoto Prefecture and Ōita Prefecture. +In part, the park's name comes from Mount Aso, which is the largest active volcano in Japan. The park is also named for Mount Kujū and the Kujū mountains. +History. +Aso National Park was established in 1934. When the area of the park was made larger in 1986, the park's name became Aso Kujū National Park. + += = = The Truman Show delusion = = = +The "Truman Show" delusion is a delusion some people have. It is named after "The Truman Show", a movie from 1998. In the movie, the main character discovers that he is living in a constructed reality that is shown on television. All people except the main character of the movie are paid actors. People with this disorder have delusions about being followed. The may also think that they are famous. As of 2012, there were over forty reported cases of this delusion, in the U.S and the United Kingdom. +One of the patients, an upper-middle class Army veteran who wanted to climb the Statue of Liberty in the belief that doing so would release him from the "show", described his condition this way: +I realized that I was and am the center, the focus of attention by millions and millions of people ... My family and everyone I knew were and are actors in a script, a charade whose entire purpose is to make me the focus of the world's attention. +The choice of the name "Truman Show Delusion" by the Golds was influenced by the fact that three of the five patients Joel Gold initially treated for the syndrome explicitly linked their perceived experiences to the film. +Truman Syndrome. +In the U.K., psychiatrists Paolo Fusar-Poli, Oliver Howes, Lucia Valmaggia and Philip McGuire of the Institute of Psychiatry in London described in the "British Journal of Psychiatry" what they referred to as the "Truman Syndrome": +[A] preoccupying belief that the world had changed in some way that other people were aware of, which he interpreted as indicating he was the subject of a film and living in a film set (a ‘fabricated world’). This cluster of symptoms ... is a common presenting complaint in individuals ... who may be in the prodromal phase of schizophrenia. +The authors suggest that the "Truman explanation" is a result of the patients' search for meaning in their perception that the ordinary world has changed in some significant but inexplicable way. + += = = MobyGames = = = +MobyGames is an online gaming website for computer and video games. It is also a review site which allows their critics to give their opinion's on any video game. The site has a lot of video game information. Their goal is to be a huge game database. +As of July 17, 2012, the site includes 131 gaming platforms (video game consoles, computers and handheld devices including mobile phones.) They also have more than 67,000 game entries, in 40 years of gaming. GameFly bought the site in 2010. + += = = Giant tortoise = = = +Giant tortoises have evolved on a number of tropical islands. They can weigh as much as 3 or 400 kg (660880 lbs) and can grow to be 1.3 to 1.9 m (45.9 ft) long (accounts vary). They live, or lived (some species are recently extinct), in the Seychelles, the Mascarenes and the Galapagos. Today, the world's largest population lives on Aldabra Atoll in Seychelles, where there are about 150,000 individuals. Although looking similar, the tortoises represent separate branches of evolution. The Seychelles and Mascarenes tortoises came originally from nearby Madagascar, while the Galapagos tortoises came from nearby Ecuador. Their similarity is an example of convergent evolution. +These tortoises are capable of living over 100 years in the wild. This makes them the longest-living vertebrates. The longest living survivor is 182 years old (probably). +The Madagascar tortoise "Tu'i Malila" was 188 at death in Tonga in 1965. "Harriet" was reported by the Australia Zoo to be 176 years old when she died in 2006. Also, on 23 March 2006, an Aldabra giant tortoise named "Adwaita" died at Alipore Zoological Gardens in Kolkata. He was brought to the zoo in the 1870s from the estate of Lord Robert Clive. He was around 255 years old when he died. +Around the time of its discovery, they were caught and killed for food in such large quantities that they became virtually extinct by 1900. Giant tortoises are now under strict conservation laws and are categorised as threatened species. +During the 16th and 17th centuries, the Galápagos were frequented by buccaneers preying on Spanish treasure ships. Filling a ship's hold with tortoises was an easy way to stock up on food, a tradition that was continued by whalers in the centuries that followed. "whaling skippers were almost lyrical in their praise of tortoise meat, terming it far more delicious than chicken, pork or beef". They said the meat of the giant tortoise was "succulent meat and the oil from their bodies as pure as butter, but best of all, the giants could hibernate in a ship’s damp for a year or more". +At least five species of the genus "Cylindraspis" have gone extinct in historic times. They lived in the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius, Rodrigues and Réunion) in the Indian Ocean. +Galapagos tortoise. +The Galápagos tortoise or Galápagos giant tortoise ("Chelonoidis nigra") is the biggest living species of tortoise and the 10th-heaviest living reptile. +The tortoise lives in seven of the Galápagos Islands. The island is a volcanic archipelago about 1,000 km (620 mi) west of the Ecuadorian mainland. Spanish explorers, who discovered the islands in the 16th century, named them after the Spanish "galápago", meaning tortoise. +Their shell size and shape are different between populations. On islands with humid highlands, the tortoises are larger, with domed shells and short necks. On islands with dry lowlands, the tortoises are smaller, with "saddleback" shells and long necks. Charles Darwin's observations of these differences on the second voyage of the Beagle in 1835, helped him to develop his theory of evolution. +The population of the Galápagos tortoise is getting smaller. There were over 250,000 individuals in the 16th century. In the 1970s, that number got smaller to around 3,000. The decline is believed to be caused by over-exploitation, habitat loss and introduced species to the islands such as rats, goats and pigs. Ten subspecies of the original fifteen survive in the wild. An eleventh subspecies ("C. n. abingdoni") had only a single known living individual. It was kept in captivity. "Lonesome George" died in June 2012. +There have been many conservation efforts. Because of this, thousands of captive-bred juveniles were released onto their home islands. As a result, the population grew to 19,000 at the start of the 21st century. However, the species is still classified as "vulnerable" by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). +Aldabra giant tortoise. +The main population of the Aldabra giant tortoise lives on the islands of the Aldabra Atoll in the Seychelles. The atoll has been protected from human influence and is home to some 100,000 giant tortoises, the world's largest population of the animal. Another isolated population of the species lives on the island of Changuu, near Zanzibar and other captive populations are in conservation parks in Mauritius and Rodrigues. The tortoises exploit many different kinds of habitat, including grasslands, low scrub, mangrove swamps, and coastal dunes. +The species is called "Aldabrachelys gigantea" or "Dipsochelys dussumieri". The names refer to the same tortoise. + += = = John Carter (movie) = = = +John Carter is a 2012 science fiction and action drama movie. It stars Samantha Morton and Willem Dafoe. The director of "John Carter" is Andrew Stanton. This action drama received negative reviews and performed poorly at the US box office, though it did well on international terms. + += = = Amphiuma = = = +Amphiuma is a genus of aquatic salamanders. They are the only genus still living in the family Amphiumidae. They are sometimes called "conger eels" or "congo snakes", which is not correct. Amphiumas have one of the largest amounts of DNA in the living world, around 25 times more than a human. +Description. +Amphiumas have a long body. They are generally grey-black in color. They do have legs but they are very small. Amphiumas can be up to long, their legs are only up to about . It is because of this that they are often mistaken for eels or snakes. They also do not have eyelids or a tongue. +Female amphiumas lay their eggs in wet mud. They then stay coiled around them for about five months, until they hatch. The larvae have external gills. After about four months these external gills disappear and the lungs begin to work. +Distribution. +Amphiumas live in the southeastern part of the United States. +In the past they have lived in more areas. Fossils from the Pleistocene time show that they once lived in Europe. +Behavior. +During the day amphiumas hide in plants. At night they become active and go hunting. Their prey include frogs, snakes, fish, crustaceans, insects and even other amphiumas. Hunting and eating habits are similar to that of the Axolotl. They suck food into their stomachs with vacuum force. They can become aggressive. +Species. +There are three amphiuma species. They are different because of the number of toes: + += = = Leiopelmatidae = = = +Leiopelmatidae, or New Zealand and North American primitive frogs, is a family belonging to the suborder Archaeobatrachia. There are only four Leiopelma and two Ascaphus species alive now. Leiopelma are only found in New Zealand. Ascaphus are only found in North America. +Overview. +Leiopelmatidae have an extra vertebrae. They have the remains of the tail muscles. +When Leiopelmatid jump, they land in a "belly flop". After landing, Ascaphus skids to a halt before recovering. +They are very small frogs, only in length. Most species lay their eggs in moist ground, typically under rocks or plants. After hatching the tadpoles nest in the male's back. They do not need standing or flowing water. Life span may be long at more than 30 years. +Species. +Family LEIOPELMATIDAE +Extinct species. +Three extinct species are known by subfossil remains, also from New Zealand. They became extinct during the past 1,000 years. +Much older fossils, dating back to the Jurassic, have been found in Argentina, such as "Notobatrachus". + += = = Megophryidae = = = +Megophryidae are a large family of frogs. They live in the warm southeast of Asia, from the Himalaya foothills eastwards, south to Indonesia and the Greater Sunda Islands in Maritime Southeast Asia, and going to the Philippines. There are 70-100 species of frog divided between 12 genera. They are commonly called megophryids. +The megophryids are known for their camouflage, especially those that live in forests. They often look like dead leaves. They even have some skin folds that look like leaf veins. +Megophryids range in size from to in length. The adults' tongue is noticeably paddle-shaped. Their tadpoles can be found in a variety of waters, but especially ponds and streams. The tadpoles are very diverse in form because of the variety of habitats they live in. +Genera. +Family Megophryinidae + += = = Parsley frog = = = +Parsley frogs or Pelodytidae, is a family of order Anura. The family has just one genus, Pelodytes. These frogs live in southwestern Europe and the Caucasus. +Parsley frogs are typical looking frogs. They are closely related to Spadefoot toads and Megophyrids. The parsley frogs are small, smooth skinned frogs. They reach a length of . They are one of the few families of frogs which have more known extinct species and genera (two or three) than living species. + += = = Spadefoot toad = = = +Spadefoot is the name of the following toads: + += = = American spadefoot toads = = = +An American spadefood toad is one of a family of toads known as Scaphiopodidae. They live in North America, in southern Canada and USA south to southern Mexico. Scaphiopodidae is a small family with only seven species. +The American spadefoot toads are of typical shape to most digging frogs. They are round, with short legs and eyes that stick out. This frog has a hard growth on their feet which helps them to dig. They dig backwards into the ground. +The American spadefoot toads live on land when not under ground. They are dully coloured, usually a grey or dull green or brown. This is to help in camouflage. + += = = Notaden = = = +Notaden is a genus of frogs. They live in central and northern Australia. They are a digging frog. +Description. +Its body is very round in shape with a short neck. Its pupils are horizontal slits. It has long arms and short, stubby legs. Its fingers do not have webbing and its toes may have little to no webbing. The skin is slightly warty. Because it looks like some species of toads it is often incorrectly called a toad. It lets out a poisonous sticky fluid from its skin when picked up. It lays eggs in chains like some toad species. + += = = Mexican burrowing toad = = = +The Mexican burrowing toad ("Rhinophrynus dorsalis") is a frog. They are the only species in the genus Rhinophrynus and the family Rhinophrynidae. These frogs live from the southern Texas through Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador to Nicaragua and Costa Rica. They used to live in more places. There were species going as far north as Canada, but these died out in the Oligocene. +Physical description. +The Mexican Burrowing Toad grows to in length. They usually have red spots on its bloated body with a red stripe along the center of its back. It has short legs, and a small, pointed head. Its feet have horny, shovel-like growths that help it in digging. Its eyes are small. The Mexican Burrowing Toad's tongue comes directly out the front of the mouth. In all other frogs it is flipped out. +Behavior. +As the name suggests, the Mexican Burrowing Toad is a burrowing animal. It spends a large part of its life underground. After a large time of rain, it will come out from the soil and lay eggs in water. They will travel up to to find a good water source. Because of the unpredictability of rain, the frog will call and mate during any time of the year. It will dig into soft soil with its short legs once the land has dried up. The egg and tadpole stages of the life cycle are short. The eggs take only a few days to hatch. The tadpoles develop over one to three months. +The call is a loud, low pitched "wh-o-o-o-a". When it is calling or scared, the body becomes inflated. The Mexican Burrowing Toad eats insects, mostly ants and termites. + += = = Tukeit Hill frog = = = +The Tukeit Hill Frog ("Allophryne ruthveni") is one of the two described species in the genus "Allophryne". The other one is "Allophryne resplendens". It is the only member of the subfamily Allophryninae, a clade recently placed under the family Centrolenidae These frogs live in Guyana, Venezuela, Surinam, Brazil and Bolivia. The holotype was discovered at Tukeit Hill, below Kaieteur Falls, Guyana. This is the reason for the common English name. +Description. +The Tukeit Hill Frog is a small frog. It can have different colors. They are either black, with stripes and spots which can be golden or dull yellow, or a dull yellow or golden stomach surface, with black strips and spots. It has a flat body, and small flat head. The toe pads are large, wider than the fingers. +Behaviour. +The Tukeit Hill Frog spends some time low in the trees, 1–3 metres, and some of the time on the ground. This frog lives in sparse forest, avoiding cleared land. + += = = Aromobatidae = = = +The Aromobatidae are a family of poison dart frogs. They live in Central and South America. By late 2019, 126 species in three subfamilies and five genera had been described. + += = = Arthroleptidae = = = +The Arthroleptidae is a family of frogs found in sub-Saharan Africa. They are known as squeakers because of their high-pitched call. They are small, less than in length. They live on land mostly in leaf litter on the forest floor. They do not have tadpoles. They lay their eggs on the ground. +Some species hatch already completely metamorphosed into the adult form, others still have tails when they hatch. +Taxonomy. +Arthroleptidae is separated into two sub-families: Arthroleptinae and Leptopelinae. Some think these are separate families. +The two sub-families have these genera: + += = = Saddleback toad = = = +The saddleback toads are the family Brachycephalidae in the order Anura. The family has just one genus, "Brachycephalus". It has 28 species. +These tiny, often yellow frogs live in the cool cloud Atlantic forests of south-eastern Brazil. These mountainous areas have even more species (per square km) than the Amazon basin. Each small mountain has its own species. +The saddleback toads are very small frogs. They are mostly about in length. They include the smallest frog in the southern hemisphere, the Brazilian golden frog ("Brachycephalus didactylus"). They have only three toes on each foot, and two fingers on each hand. This is different than the usual five toes and four fingers of most frogs. +The saddleback toads are active during the day. They live in the leaf litter on forest floors. The eggs hatch into miniature frogs. There is no tadpole stage. The eggs are laid on the ground. They are covered in soil to protect from the heat and predators. + += = = Rhonda Fleming = = = +Rhonda Fleming (August 10, 1923 – October 14, 2020) was an American television and movie actress. She starred in many television programs and lots of movies in the 1940s and 1950s. She was known as one of the most beautiful actors of her time. Fleming was born in Hollywood, California. +Fleming died on October 14, 2020 in Santa Monica, California from pneumonia at the age of 97. + += = = Supervised learning = = = +In machine learning, supervised learning is the task of inferring a function from labelled training data. The results of the training are known beforehand, the system simply learns how to get to these results correctly. Usually, such systems work with vectors. They get the training data and the result of the training as two vectors and produce a "classifier". Usually, the system uses inductive reasoning to generalize the training data. + += = = Hasan ibn Zayd = = = +Hasan ibn Zayd, known as Great Dai, (born early 8th century, died 6 January 884) was a Persian king of the Tabaristan's Alids. He rebelled in Tabaristan (in 864) and fought with the Abbasids, Tahirids and the Saffarids dynasty. He created an independent Shia Islamic Alavid dynasty. +Hasan died in Amol. + += = = Don Johnson = = = +Don Johnson (born December 15, 1949) is an American movie and television actor. He has been featured in many television programs and movies. In particular, he starred in the police shows "Miami Vice" and "Nash Bridges". He was born in Flat Creek, Missouri. +Johnson was married to Melanie Griffith in 1976 and from 1989 until 1996. His five children include actor Jesse Johnson and actress Dakota Johnson. + += = = Tokyo (disambiguation) = = = +Tokyo may mean: +City and Prefecture. +The history of Tokyo includes + += = = Corps de ballet = = = +The corps de ballet are a group of dancers in a ballet company who are not soloists. They perform as a group (the Flowers in the "Waltz of the Flowers" from "The Nutcracker", for example) and at other times as a backdrop for the soloists (the peasants in the mad scene from "Giselle"). + += = = Tokyo Prefecture = = = + is a former Japanese government entity starting in 1869 and ending in 1943 +In 1943, the prefecture's municipalities, including the traditional city of Tokyo, became part of the newly formed or "greater Tokyo metropolian area". + += = = Soul Asylum = = = +Soul Asylum is an American alternative rock band from Minneapolis, Minnesota. Soul Asylum has four members in the band; the current band members are David Pirner, Dan Murphy, Michael Bland and Tommy Stinson. +The band was formed in 1981 and were balled Loud Fast Rules. The band was renamed Soul Asylum in 1983. They released their debut album "Say What You Will, Clarence...Karl Sold the Truck" on August 24, 1984. The song ""Runaway Train" from their sixth studio album, "Grave Dancers Union" won a Grammy Award for Best Rock Song in 1994. The bands original bassist Karl Mueller died on June 17, 2005 from throat cancer. They released their tenth studio album "Delayed Reaction"" on July 17, 2012. +Discography. +So far as of 2012, Soul Asylum have released 10 studio albums and 1 live album: + += = = Alexandre Benois = = = +Alexandre Nikolayevich Benois (3 May 18709 February 1960) was an artist, art critic, and historian. He was born in St. Petersburg and died in Paris. He designed several productions for Diaghilev's Ballets Russes including "Petrushka". + += = = Tokyo, Tokyo = = = + was a Japanese city in Tokyo Prefecture in 1889 through 1943. +History. +In 1869, the city of Edo was renamed Tokyo, which means "Eastern Capital". The offices of Tokyo Prefecture were also opened. +In 1943, the city was abolished. All of the 23 Special wards of Tokyo merged with Tokyo Prefecture to form the Tokyo Metropolis. + += = = Glass frog = = = +The glass frog (or glassfrog) is the common name for the frogs of the amphibian family Centrolenidae. Most glass frogs are a lime green color. For some glass frogs the skin on the stomach area is transparent. The insides, including the heart, liver, and gastrointestinal tract can be seen through the skin. This is the reason for the common name. +Characteristics. +Glass frogs are generally small, ranging from in length. The frog is known to eat its own young. They are green in color over most of their bodies. The skin along the lower surface of the body is translucent. +Glass frogs are similar in appearance to some green frogs of the genus "Eleutherodactylus" and to some tree frogs of the family Hylidae. Hylid tree frogs have eyes that face to the side, whilst those of glass frogs face forward. +Distribution. +These frogs live from southern Mexico to Panama. They are through the Andes from Venezuela and the island of Tobago to Bolivia. Some species are in the Amazon and Orinoco River basins, the Guiana Shield region, southeastern Brazil, and northern Argentina. +Biology. +Glass frogs are mostly arboreal. They live along rivers and streams during the breeding season. Many live in montane cloud forests of Central and South America. Some species also live in Amazon and Chocóan rainforest and semi-deciduous forests. +The eggs are usually put on the leaves of trees or shrubs. The leaves hang over the running water of mountain streams, creeks, and small rivers. One species leaves its eggs over stones close to waterfalls. After they hatch, the tadpoles fall into the waters below. The tadpoles are long, with powerful tails and low fins, suited for fast flowing water. Outside of the breeding season some species live in the canopy. +Genera. +Family CENTROLENIDAE +Incertae sedis "Ikakogi" + += = = Ceratophryinae = = = +The Ceratophryinae, known as common horned frogs, are a subfamily of the leptodactylid frogs. All species live in South America. +Fossils of the giant "Beelzebufo" from Cretaceous Madagascar suggest that the subfamily may have once ranged throughout the prehistoric supercontinent of Gondwana. Not all species in the subfamily have the horn-like growth at the eyes. All are carnivorous, terrestrial or semi-aquatic. They have large heads and mouths. +Some people enjoy keeping these frogs as pets. + += = = Craugastoridae = = = +Craugastoridae is a family of frogs. There are 2 genera: "Craugastor" and "Haddadus". +The genus "Craugastor" has 112 species. They can be found in the southwestern United States, Mexico, Central America up to northwestern South America. The genus "Haddadus" has 2 species. They are only found in south-eastern Brazil. + += = = Cycloramphinae = = = +Cycloramphinae is a subfamily of leptodactylid frogs. They are found in South America. + += = = Eleutherodactylidae = = = +Eleutherodactylidae is a family of frogs. They used to be a subfamily of Leptodactylidae. There are 801 frogs in the family. + += = = Ghost frog = = = +The ghost frog is the common name for a family of frogs of the family Heleophrynidae. The family has two genera, "Heleophryne" and "Hadromophryne". There are seven species. Ghost frogs live in swift-moving mountain streams in South Africa. The common name of "ghost frogs" may be because they live in Skeleton Gorge. +Biology. +Ghost frogs are medium sized frogs, reaching a length of . They have flat bodies. This lets them climb inside rocky crevices. They have very large toe discs in comparison to their size. This helps to hold onto rocks. The mouthparts of the tadpoles are a sucking disc. This lets them hold onto the surface they live on and remain still while they are feeding. +Taxonomy. +The ghost frogs are closely related to the Sooglossidae family, which inhabit the Seychelles. They may also be closely related to the Australian Myobatrachids. +Family Heleophrynidae + += = = Hemiphractidae = = = +Hemiphractidae is a family of frogs. They live in South and Central America. Previously, this group was classified as a subfamily under family Hylidae. +Breeding behavior. +This frog is different in that the eggs grow into froglets on the back of the female. In most there is no free-swimming tadpole stage. In some of the frogs the eggs are in a pouch until they hatch. +Taxonomy. +The Hemiphractidae family is divided into the following genera: + += = = Ettore Bassi = = = +Ettore Francesco Maria Bassi (born April 16, 1970) is an Italian actor and television presenter. In 2010, it was announced that he is the successor of Kaspar Capparoni in the German-Austrian-Italian thriller series "Inspector Rex". + += = = Shovelnose frog = = = +The shovelnose frogs are nine species of frog in the genus, Hemisus. The is the only genus in the Family Hemisotidae. They are found in tropical and subtropical sub-Saharan Africa. +The shovelnose frogs are medium sized frogs, reaching a length of . They are round-bodied, with short legs. Their head is small and narrow, with a hard, upturned nose. +The shovelnose frogs are digging frogs. They live most of their life underground. The female will dig underground while it is in amplexus. It then will lay the eggs in an underground hole. The male will leave through the tunnel, and the female will stay with the eggs. Once enough rain has fallen, the female will dig, with her nose, towards a water source. The tadpoles will stay there until metamorphosis. The tadpoles may stay out of water for up to a few days. +Unlike most digging frogs, the shovelnose frogs dig head first. Other frogs dig rear first. +Some species are kept as pets. +Species. +Family HEMISOTIDAE + += = = Hyperoliidae = = = +Hyperoliidae is a family of small to medium sized, brightly colored, frogs. It has more than 250 species in 19 genera. Seventeen genera live in sub-Saharan Africa. +Hyperoliids range from to in body length. Many species have smooth, brightly patterned, skin that almost looks enameled. +Most hyperoliids live in trees. Some live on land, including several "Kassina" species that move by walking or running rather than hopping. Diet varies widely, with examples including "Tornierella", who eats snails, and "Afrixalus fornasinii", the only land frog known to eat eggs of other species of anurans. +Breeding in this family begins at the start of the rainy season. Hyperoliids come together at breeding sites. Most hyperoliids lay their eggs in water. Tadpoles are pond type larvae with large dorsal fins on the tail. +No fossil hyperoliids are known. +Classification. +Family HYPEROLIIDAE + += = = Mantellidae = = = +Mantellidae is a family of the order Anura. These frogs are found only in Madagascar and Mayotte. +These frogs are very different from each other. Most species live on land, though some live in trees. Body size ranges from 3 to 10 centimetres in length. The genus Mantella has many similarities with the South American poison dart frogs. +They are small, aposematically coloured, and secrete alkaloid toxins. +Some members of this group are kept as pets due to their bright colors. + += = = Microhylidae = = = +Microhylidae is a family of frogs. There are 495 species in 68 genera and nine subfamilies. This is the largest number of genera of any frog family. +Description. +Microhylids are mostly small frogs. Many species have bodies shorter than in length from nose to rear end. The largest microhylids are . They can live in trees or on land. Some will even live close to water. The ground dwellers are often found under leaf litter within forests. The sometimes go out at night to hunt. There are two main shapes for the microhylids. One shape is with wide bodies and narrow mouths. The other shape is the normal frog shape. Those with narrow mouths eat termites and ants, and the others eat the same foods as other frogs. +Reproduction. +The microhylids that live in New Guinea and Australia do not have a tadpole stage. Those who live in trees can lay the eggs in trees, and do not ever need to go to the ground. Where species do have tadpoles, these almost always do not have the teeth or horny beak like other tadpoles do. +Range. +Frogs from Microhylidae live throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of North America, South America, Africa, eastern India, Sri Lanka, south-east Asia, through New Guinea and Australia. Although most are found in tropical or sub-tropical regions, a few species can be found in arid or non-tropical areas. They are the majority frog species in New Guinea and Madagascar. + += = = Myobatrachidae = = = +Myobatrachidae is a family of frogs found in Australia and New Guinea. Members of this family vary greatly in size. There are species less than long. This family also has the second-largest frog in Australia, the Giant Barred Frog at in length. The entire family either live in land or water. None of them live in trees. +These frogs do not have the adhesive toe disc cups found in the tree frogs. The family is broken up into three sub-families: Limnodynastinae, Myobatrachinae and Rheobatrachinae. This separation is based mainly on their egg-laying habits. Those of the sub-family Limnodynastinae lay foam nests. The female makes foam with a chemical on her skin. The foam may float on top of water, or be on land. The sub-family Rheobatrachinae has the two species of gastric-brooding frog, and the rest are in the sub-family Myobatrachinae. + += = = Julianna Margulies = = = +Julianna Margulies (born June 8, 1966) is an Emmy and Golden Globe award winning actress. She has received more Screen Actors Guild Awards than any other actress or actor. She played Carol in the long-running series "ER" and Alicia in the CBS legal drama "The Good Wife". She also performed in sitcoms and theatrical movies. She was raised in New York. + += = = Maya Rudolph = = = +Maya Rudolph (born July 27, 1972) is an American actress and comedian. She is the daughter of singer Minnie Riperton and music composer Richard Rudolph. She has acted in many sitcoms, including NBC's "Up all Night". She was a cast member on the NBC television program "Saturday Night Live" from 2000 to 2007. She is also the newfound "spokesperson" for M&M's candy as of January 23, 2023, as per an announcement from the company that makes M&M's. +Rudolph was raised in Santa Monica, California. She attended University of California, Santa Cruz. +Early life. +Rudolph was born in Gainesville, Florida. She is the daughter of soul singer Minnie Riperton and composer/songwriter/producer Richard Rudolph. Her father is an Ashkenazi Jew. Her mother was African-American. Her paternal grandfather was Sidney Rudolph. He was a philanthropist who once owned all of the Wendy's and Rudy's restaurants in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Her parents moved to Los Angeles when she and her brother Marc were very young. They grew up in the Westwood section of Los Angeles. + += = = Minnie Riperton = = = +Minnie Julia Riperton Rudolph (November 8, 1947 - July 12, 1979), known professionally as Minnie Riperton, was an American singer-songwriter best known for her 1975 single "Lovin' You". She was well known for her R&B singing. She was married to songwriter and music producer Richard Rudolph from 1972 until her death in 1979. They had two children: music engineer Marc Rudolph and actress/comedienne Maya Rudolph. She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She died of breast cancer at the age of 31 on July 12, 1979. +Early life. +Riperton was born in Chicago to Thelma and Daniel Riperton, a Pullman porter. She was the youngest of eight children. She was raised in a musical family. She embraced the arts early. Although she began with ballet and modern dance, her parents recognized her vocal and musical abilities and encouraged her to pursue music and voice. + += = = Deftones = = = +Deftones is an American alternative metal band from Sacramento, California. Deftones has five members in the band; the current band members are Chino Moreno, Stephen Carpenter, Abe Cunningham, Frank Delgado and Sergio Vega. +The band was formed in 1988. They released their debut album "Adrenaline" on October 3, 1995. The song ""Elite" from their third studio album, "White Pony"" won a Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance in 2001. The band has been noted for influencing bands like Muse, Linkin Park, Avenged Sevenfold, Seether, System of a Down, Fightstar, 10 Years as well as many other bands. +On November 4, 2008, the band's bassist Chi Cheng was involved in a car accident which seriously injured him. The band brought in another bassist named Sergio Vega to replace him during his absence. Cheng died on April 13, 2013 after his heart stopped. + += = = Fatimah bint Sa'd = = = +Fatimah al-Bariqi. (from Bariq of azdYemen), also known as Bariqiyyah, (born 340 CE) was the mother of Kilab’s half-brothers Taym and Yaqazah (Ibn Ishaq named her Hind bint Harithah al-Bariqiyyah and also say Asma). +Family. +Fatimah Sa'dknow as Saad Ibn Uday Ibn Haritha Ibn Amr Mazikiee Ibn Aamr bin Haritha Algtarif bin Imru al-Qais Thailb bin Mazen Ibn Al-Azd Ibn Al-Ghoth Ibn Nabit Ibn Malik bin Zaid Ibn Kahlan Ibn Saba'a ( Sheba ) Ibn Yashjub Ibn Yarab Ibn Qahtan Ibn Hud (prophet) (Eber)) . + += = = Wilby, Norfolk = = = +Wilby is a village in Quidenham, Breckland, Norfolk, England. It has a church called All Saints. + += = = Minnow = = = +Minnow is a general term used for fish which are often used as bait for fishing. Many of these fish belong the Carp family. Fish in the family Leuciscinae are often referred to as "True Minnows". + += = = Slinky = = = +Slinky (also known as Spring) is a toy metal spring that tumbles end over end down stairs and even "walks". It was invented by Richard James in 1943, and quickly became a bestseller. Other Slinky toys were developed such as the Slinky Dog and the Slinky Train. Company president Betty James has always kept the toy's price low so children could buy it. It originally sold for $1. Slinky has received many toy industry awards and honors over the years. Its television jingle is the longest running jingle in advertising history. +Origin. +Slinky was the invention of Richard James, a mechanical engineer in the United States Navy. In 1943 he was looking for a way to lessen the vibrations that sensitive equipment endured shipboard in rough waters. An accident during his experiments led to the creation of a "walking", tumbling metal spring. Neighborhood children loved it. James's wife Betty named the toy Slinky after finding the word in a dictionary. The Jameses had 400 Slinkys made by a local machine shop. The Jameses put Slinky on display at Gimbels department store in Philadelphia in November 1945. All 400 units were sold. +Other Slinky products. +The Jameses went into the Slinky business. They invented a machine that could produce a Slinky from 80 feet of steel wire within 10 seconds. A huge advertising campaign was launched in America. James showed television viewers how Slinky worked. Other Slinky toys manufactured during the 1950s were the Slinky Dog, Suzie the Slinky Worm, and a pair of eyeglasses with eyeballs dangling at the end of two Slinkys. Other companies were granted licenses to produce Slinky toys. +The Jameses divorced. Richard became a missionary in Bolivia. Betty James moved the company to Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania in 1964. She was president of the company from 1960 to 1998. She kept the price of Slinky low so all children could afford one. The original Slinky was $1. In 2008 Slinky cost about $4. She explained the toy's appeal by saying, "It's the simplicity of it." +Slinky Dog. +Very early in the production history of Slinky, Helen Malsed of Washington developed ideas for Slinky pull toys. The company liked her ideas and added Slinky Dog and Slinky Train to their line in 1952. The Slinky Dog was a small plastic dog whose front and rear ends were joined by a Slinky. Malsed received annual sums of $60,000 to $70,000 per year for 17 years for her idea. +Slinky Dog was reworked in 1995 for Pixar's "Toy Story". James Industries had dropped their Slinky Dog from production, but Betty James liked the new Slinky Dog. She said, "[The earlier Slinky Dog] wasn't nearly as cute as this one." The dog's front and rear ends were made in China, and the Dog put together and packaged in America. The entire run of 825,000 new Slinky Dogs sold out well before Christmas 1995. +Jingle. +The first Slinky television commercial was shown on Miss Patty's Romper Room in 1946. Homer Fesperman and Charles Weagley wrote the Slinky television jingle in 1962. In "Timeless Toys", Tim Walsh writes that this jingle is the longest running jingle in advertising history. In 1990 "USA Today" reported that 90 percent of all adults surveyed knew the Slinky jingle. +Awards and honors. +Slinky is a part of the Smithsonian Institution's permanent Americana exhibition. In 1999 the United States Postal Service issued a Slinky postage stamp. Slinky joined the Toy Hall of Fame in 2000. A bill to nominate the Slinky as the state toy of Pennsylvania was introduced in 2001, but not enacted. The same year, Betty James was inducted into the Toy Industry Association's Hall of Fame. In 2003, Slinky was named to the Toy Industry Association's "Century of Toys List", a roll call of the 100 most memorable and most creative toys of the twentieth century. "Orange Coast Magazine" writes, "[T]he original machines designed and engineered by [James] turn 80 feet of steel wire into a coil in only 10 seconds. Since its introduction, more than 250 million Slinkys have been sold, enough for every person in the United States to have one. Stretched out, the wire would encircle the planet more than 126 times." + += = = Ceratiidae = = = +Sea devils are deep-sea anglerfish of the family Ceratiidae. They are among the most widespread of the anglerfish, found in all oceans from the tropics to the Antarctic. +The females are large: females of the largest species, Krøyer's deep sea angler fish, "Ceratias holboelli", reach in length. Males, on the other hand, are dwarfed, only maximum. When these fish were first studied, the males were mistaken for parasites. Females usually have more than one male attached to them, which is a good example of polyandry. +At birth, tiny male ceratiids already have extremely well-developed olfactory organs that detect scents in the water. The male lives solely to find and mate with a female. They are significantly smaller than a female angler fish, and may have trouble finding food in the deep sea. Furthermore, the growth of the gut may stop in some species, preventing them from feeding at all. This means the male must find a female quickly to prevent death. The sensitive olfactory organs help the male detect the pheromones from female anglerfish. +When the male finds a female, he bites into her skin, and releases an enzyme. The enzyme digests the skin of his mouth and her body, fusing the pair down to the blood-vessel level. The male then slowly wastes away, first losing his digestive organs, then his brain, heart, and eyes, and ends as nothing more than a pair of gonads. The gonads release sperm in response to hormones in the female's bloodstream. This extreme sexual dimorphism makes sure that, when the female is ready to spawn, she has a mate right there. Multiple males can be incorporated into a single female. +Ceratiids are the only animals known to become chimaeras as a normal part of their life-cycle. + += = = Chimaera (genetics) = = = +A chimaera or chimera in biology is a single organism (usually an animal) made of two genetically distinct cells. The two types of cells may come from separate fertilised eggs or zygotes. +Chimeras that originate from distinct fertilised eggs fused together are called dispermic chimeras. When, on the other hand, the genetically distinct cell types originate from the same zygote, the organism is called a mosaic. +Dispermic chimaeras are formed from at least two fertilized eggs or early embryos fused together. Each population of cells keeps its own phenotype and the resulting organism is a mixture of the two phenotypes. +Microchimerism is a form of chimerism in which a host harbors a small set of genetically distinct cells. This often happens with blood transfusion or transplants, but also during pregnancy due to the two-way cell trafficking between the mother and the foetus. +Recently, epigenetic chimeras have been discovered in mouse models. +Germline chimerism. +Germline chimerism occurs when the germ cells (for example, sperm and egg cells) of an organism are not genetically identical to its own. +Marmosets almost always give birth to fraternal twins. They may have the reproductive cells of their (fraternal) twin siblings. Placental fusion during development in the womb is what causes this. + += = = Phil Donahue = = = +Phil Donahue (born December 21, 1935 in Cleveland, Ohio) is an American talk show host. He is best known for hosting "The Phil Donahue Show" (1970 to 1996). He has also hosted other talk shows. + += = = Exodus International = = = +Exodus International was a non profit and ex-gay Christian group seeking to limit homosexual desire. The group was based in Orlando, Florida. They did not perform or conduct clinical treatment, although they did have a position saying that holistic counselling approaches that can address homosexual behaviors may be beneficial. The techniques involved are abstinence, lessening of homosexual temptations and correcting distorted style of relations to the same or opposite gender. This organization was founded around 1976. It represented over 120 local ministry networks in the United States and Canada and over 150 in another 17 countries. It was closed in 2013. + += = = Trainz = = = +Trainz is a computer program that allows you to create your own Railway. It was developed by the Australian developer "Auran". The game comes in 3 areas: Routes, Railyard and Scenarios. Routes has 3 seperate areas inside it: Surveyor - where you can create and change Routes, driver - where you can drive along surveyor routes, and Routes - where you can see all the routes. Railyard is where you can see all your trains. Scenarios is where you can earn points by doing missions. They are different versions, The latest one is Trainz 12. The program works with Windows XP and its later versions, as well as Mac OS 10.6.8 and its later versions. + += = = Petropedetidae = = = +Petropedetinae are a subfamily of frogs. +They are placed in the true frog family (Ranidae) by many authors. Some think at least part of this group are a distinct family Petropedetidae. The Cacosterninae and Phrynobatrachinae are then separated as subfamilies. They may even be distinct families Cacosternidae and Phrynobatrachidae. Most members of this subfamily are in the genus "Phrynobatrachus". +These frogs mostly live in sub-Saharan Africa. +This group of frogs is made up from the following genera: + += = = Pyxicephalidae = = = +Pyxicephalidae is a family of frogs. They are found in Sub-Saharan Africa. +Classification. +Pyxicephalidae has two subfamilies, with a total of 13 genera. This family was formerly considered part of the family Ranidae. +Family PYXICEPHALIDAE + += = = Rhacophoridae = = = +Rhacophoridae is a family of frog species. They live in tropical regions of Asia and Africa. They are commonly known as shrub frogs. Sometimes they are called "'moss frogs" or "bush frogs." Some Rhacophoridae are called "tree frogs." Among the most spectacular members of this family are numerous "flying frogs." +Most of the species are arboreal. This may include reproducing in trees. Mating frogs, while in amplexus, hold onto a branch, and beat their legs to form a foam. The eggs are laid in the foam. They are then covered with seminal fluid. Then the foam hardens into a protective casing. In some species, this is done in a large group. The foam is laid above a water source, so the tadpoles fall into the water once they hatch. +The species in this family vary in size, from to . Like other arboreal frogs, they have toe discs. This family has the Old World flying frogs, including Wallace's flying frogs ("Rhacophorus nigropalmatus"). These frogs have extensive webbing between their hands and feet. This lets them glide through the air. +Phylogeny. +This group of frogs is related to other frogs: + += = = Moss frog = = = +Moss frog might mean: + += = = Bush frog = = = +A bush frog can be one of two types of frogs. They are found in sub-Saharan Africa and one also in Asia: + += = = Flying frog = = = +A flying frog is a frog that has the ability to glide. Despite its name, it does not have the ability to fly. They live their life in trees, high above the ground. +Alfred Russel Wallace made one of the earliest reports of a flying frog. The species he observed was later described by George Albert Boulenger as "Rhacophorus nigropalmatus". +Flying frogs includes members of the following genera: + += = = Connie Britton = = = +Constance Elaine "Connie" Britton (born March 6, 1967) is an American movie, stage and television actress. She was nominated three times for Emmy Awards On television, she is well known for her roles as Nikki Faber on "Spin City" (1988–1991), (1996-2000), Tami Taylor on "Friday Night Lights" (2006-2011), as Vivien Harmon on "American Horror Story" (2011) and as Rayna James on "Nashville". + += = = Adrenaline (album) = = = +Adrenaline is the first studio album by American metal band, Deftones. "Adrenaline" was released on October 3, 1995. The album was originally known as "Communion" but was later changed to "Adrenaline". The album was ranked as #33 on music critic Piero Scaruffi's list of best metal albums of all times. + += = = Hurricane Isaac (2012) = = = +Hurricane Isaac was an Atlantic tropical cyclone. It killed almost two dozen people in Hispaniola in August 2012 and moved over Cuba and Haiti. Isaac then became a Category One hurricane on August 28. It hit near the southeast tip of Louisiana at 6:44 pm that day. +History. +According to the report. Isaac was from a tropical wave that moved off the coast of Africa on August 15. +Isaac did not become a tropical depression until August 21. +Isaac was upgraded to a tropical storm that same day as Hurricane Hunters went into the storm and found winds more then 50 mph. +Isaac made its passage along the Lesser Antilles on August 22. +On August 25 the storm made its first landfall on Haiti with winds of 70 mph. +Isaac made its second landfall on Cuba with winds around 60-65 mph on the same day. +Isaac quickly exited Cuba and went towards the Florida Keys on August 26 but even though it did made landfall. It caused heavy rain to the Keys. +Isaac became a Hurricane on August 28 and made landfall as a Category 1 Hurricane with 80 mph. +Isaac moved inland and dissipated. + += = = Pothos = = = +Pothos is a son of Iris and Zephyrus in Greek mythology. He is the god of sexual yearning, longing, and desire. He is was one of the winged love gods, known as Erotes. + += = = Sooglossidae = = = +The Sooglossidae (Seychelles frogs) are a family of frogs. They are found on the Seychelles Islands and India. +All of the species are small land frogs, about in length. They hide under fallen leaves or in rock crevices. They lay their eggs on moist ground, rather than in water. One species lacks tadpoles, with the eggs hatching directly into froglets. The others carry the tadpoles on their back until metamorphosis. +Taxonomy. +The family was first described in 1931 by Gladwyn Kingsley Noble (1894–1940). + += = = Strabomantidae = = = +Strabomantidae is a family of frogs. They live in South America. These frogs do not have a free-living larval stage. They hatch directly into miniature "froglets". + += = = Purple frog = = = +The purple frog ("Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis") is a frog species in the family Sooglossidae. It lives in the Western Ghats in India. Common names for this species are Indian purple frog, pignose frog or doughnut frog. It was discovered by S.D. Biju and F. Bossyut in October 2003. +This frog's body is shaped similarly to that of most frogs. It is somewhat rounded. It has a small head and an unusual pointed snout. Adults are typically dark purple in color. Its cry sounds more like one from a chicken. +The frog spends most of the year underground. It comes out only for about two weeks, during the monsoon. This is to mate. +Unlike many other digging species of frogs that feed above the ground, this species eats underground. They feed mainly on termites using their tongue. +The purple frog has one close relative, Bhupathy's purple frog, which also lives in the Western Ghats. +The purple frog starts off living their life at the base of land, but as they get older their bone structure morphs into a structure that becomes efficient for digging into dirt. This allows them to live a majority of their lives underground. Males will rarely come to the surface for mating purposes. +Other ideas. +Scientists say that because the purple frog and Bhupathy's purple frog have close relatives in the Seychelles, which are close to Africa, it is likely that the Gondwanaland idea of why the continents are where they are is right. This idea says that Africa and India used to be one large continent, called Gondwanaland. + += = = Jody Watley = = = +Jody Vanessa Watley (born 30 January 1959) is an American singer. Her songs cross multiple genres. She was very popular in the late 1980s. She recorded and performed numerous songs related to dance-pop. She was born in Chicago. +Along with Janet Jackson and Madonna, she is one of MTV Video Music Awards most nominated female artists ever. She had six nominations for her ‘Real Love’ video. +Watley has sold over 50 million albums and singles Worldwide. +In 2008, she received a Lifetime Achievement Award from "Billboard" magazine. +Awards. +Grammy Awards. +The Grammy Awards are awarded each year by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. +American Music Awards. +The American Music Awards is a yearly awards ceremony created by Dick Clark in 1973. +MTV Video Music Awards. +The MTV Video Music Awards were started in 1984 by MTV to celebrate the top music videos of the year. +Soul Train Music Awards. +The Soul Train Music Awards is a yearly award show. They honor the best in African American music and entertainment. +"Billboard" Music Awards. +The "Billboard" Music Awards are sponsored by "Billboard" magazine. They are to honor artists based on "Billboard" Year-End Charts. The award ceremony was held from 1990 to 2007. Before and after that time span, winners have been announced by "Billboard", both in the press and as part of their year-end issue. The award returned in 2011. + += = = List of cities in El Salvador = = = +This is a list of populated places in El Salvador. +Cities. +Over 100,000 Development Indor a High Human ex, and a high urbanization. +AMSS = San Salvador Metropolitan Area +Towns. +Over 50,000, medium to low urbanization, or departmental capital. + += = = List of cities in Equatorial Guinea = = = +This is a list of cities in Equatorial Guinea It includes all settlements with a population over 1,000. + += = = List of cities in Eritrea = = = +This is a list of cities in Eritrea by population. It includes all settlements with a population of over 5,000. + += = = List of settlements in Estonia = = = +The following is a list of cities and towns in Estonia. Many of these locations have been known, mostly before 1918, by their German or Russian names. Sometimes these are quite different from the Estonian ones. + += = = List of settlements in Ethiopia = = = +This is a list of cities and towns in Ethiopia: + += = = Kim (song) = = = +"Kim" is a song by Eminem, released in 2000. The song appears on his third studio album, "The Marshall Mathers LP". +The song is about Eminem's anger towards his then-wife Kim Mathers. The song portrays Eminem screaming at and then murdering his wife Kim. He also murders her husband and her stepson. The song features the drum sample from the song "When the Levee Breaks" by Led Zeppelin. +Eminem performed the song at a concert in Detroit, Michigan while abusing a blow-up doll that was dressed up to look like her on stage. Kim saw the performance and later after the show ended, she tried to commit suicide by slashing her wrists. She would later sue Eminem for defamation because of the song. + += = = List of settlements in Finland = = = +This is a list of towns in Finland. + += = = List of cities in French Polynesia = = = +The following is a list of cities in French Polynesia: +By division: + += = = List of cities in Gabon = = = +This is a list of cities and towns in Gabon: + += = = List of cities in The Gambia = = = +This is a list of cities in Gambia. + += = = List of settlements in Georgia (country) = = = +The following list of Georgian cities is divided into three separate lists. There is one for Georgia itself, and the disputed territories of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. +Cities and towns in Georgia. +This is a list of the cities and towns in Georgia. +Cities and towns in Abkhazia. +This is a list of the largest cities and towns in Abkhazia. +Cities and towns in South Ossetia. +This is a list of the largest cities and towns in South Ossetia. + += = = List of settlements in Ghana = = = +This is a list of the largest cities and towns in the Republic of Ghana. + += = = List of cities in Greece = = = +The list below is of the municipalities of Greece with more than 10,000 people. The data is from the 2001 census. +Explanation of the superscript numbers: +1 a suburb of the Athens Urban Area, in Athens’ agglomeration/conurbation<br> +2 a suburb of the Thessaloniki Urban Area, in Thessaloniki’s agglomeration/conurbation<br> +4 a suburb of Athens' Metropolitan Area<br> +5 a suburb of Thessaloniki's Metropolitan Area<br> +7 a municipal unit of the Heraklion Urban Area, in Heraklion's agglomeration/conurbation<br> +6 a municipal unit of the Volos Urban Area, in Volos' agglomeration/conurbation<br> +8 the core unit of Patras agglomeration/conurbation with population of 213,984<br> + += = = List of cities in Grenada = = = +This is a list of cities and towns in Grenada. + += = = List of places in Guatemala = = = +This is a list of places in Guatemala. +List of most populous cities in Guatemala. +Population is based on the 2002 census. + += = = List of cities in Guinea = = = +This is a list of cities and towns in Guinea. + += = = List of cities in Guinea-Bissau = = = +This is a list of cities in Guinea-Bissau. All places with a population of over 5,000 are included. + += = = List of cities in Haiti = = = +This is a list of cities in Haiti. + += = = List of cities in Honduras = = = +This a list of cities in Honduras. Population is based on the 2013 and 2023 (1-9) estimates. + += = = List of towns in Hong Kong = = = +The following is a list of cities, towns and new towns in Hong Kong. + += = = List of settlements in Hungary = = = +Hungary has 3152 localities as of July 1, 2009. +The largest city is the capital, Budapest. The smallest town is Pálháza with 1038 inhabitants (2010). The largest village is Solymár (population: 10,123 as of 2010). There are more than 100 villages with fewer than 100 people while the smallest villages have fewer than 20 inhabitants. + += = = Anastasius = = = +Anastasius is a male given name. The pronunciation of the name is [ an-"uh"-stey-sh"uh"s, -shee-"uh"s ]. It is from the Greek "" ("anastasis") meaning "resurrection". Its female form is Anastasia. This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021). + += = = Pope Anastasius I = = = +Pope Saint Anastasius I (; died 401) was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 39th Pope from 399 until his death in 401. +Early life. +Anastasius was born in Rome, but little is known about his early life. His father's name was Maximus. +Before Anastasius became a priest, he fathered a son who later became Pope Innocent I. +Pope. +Anastasius was elected pope in 399. +He best known for being against the thinking and writings of Origen. In 400 he called a council to discuss them. The council agreed that Origen was not faithful to the Catholic Church. +After Anastasius, it became traditional for priests to stand and bow their head as they read from the gospels. +During his reign, Anastasius encouraged Catholics in North Africa. +He is buried in the Catacomb of Pontian. +Legacy. +Pope Anastasius was praised by Augustine of Hippo and St Jerome. + += = = Pope Anastasius II = = = +Pope Anastasius II (; died 16 November 498) was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 50th Pope from 496 until his death in 498. +Early life. +Anastasius was born in Rome. +Pope. +Anastasius was elected pope on November 24, 496. +Anastasius II was pontiff during a time of controversy involving Patriarch Acacius of Constantinople Anastasius died in 498 at the height of the crisis. +Legacy. +In the "Divine Comedy", Dante placed this pope in Hell. + += = = Pope Anastasius III = = = +Pope Anastasius III (; died June 913) was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 121st Pope from 911 until his death in 913. +Early life. +Anastasius was born in Rome. +Pope. +Anastasius was elected pope in 911. He was pope during a period when Rome and the Papacy were in the power of the Theophylact family. +He was active in developing the dioceses of Germany. +He was buried in St. Peter's Basilica. + += = = Pope Anastasius = = = +Pope Anastasius may mean: + += = = Acceleration due to gravity = = = +The acceleration which is gained by an object because of gravitational force is called its acceleration due to gravity. Its SI unit is m/s2. Acceleration due to gravity is a vector, which means it has both a magnitude and a direction. The acceleration due to gravity at the surface of Earth is represented by the letter "g". It has a standard value defined as . However, the actual acceleration of a body in free fall varies with location. +Why heavier objects do not fall faster than lighter objects. +Isaac Newton worked out that resultant force equals mass times acceleration, or in symbols, formula_1. This can be re-arranged to give formula_2. +The bigger the mass of the falling object, the greater the force of gravitational attraction pulling it towards Earth. In the equation above, this is formula_3. However, the amount of times the force gets bigger or smaller is equal to the number of times the mass gets bigger or smaller, having the ratio remain constant. In every situation, the formula_4 cancels down to the uniform acceleration of around 9.8 m/s2. This means that, regardless of their mass, all freely falling objects accelerate at the same rate. +Consider the following examples: +formula_5 +formula_6 +Surface acceleration. +Depending on the location, an object at the surface of Earth falls with an acceleration between . +Earth is not exactly spherical. It is similar to a "squashed" sphere, with the radius at the equator slightly larger than the radius at the poles. This has the effect of slightly increasing gravitational acceleration at the poles (since we are close to the centre of Earth and the gravitational force depends on distance) and slightly decreasing it at the equator. Also, because of centripetal acceleration, the acceleration due to gravity is slightly less at the equator than at the poles. Changes in the density of rock under the ground or the presence of mountains nearby can affect gravitational acceleration slightly. +Altitude. +The acceleration of an object changes with altitude. The change in gravitational acceleration with distance from the centre of Earth follows an inverse-square law. This means that gravitational acceleration is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the centre of Earth. As the distance is doubled, the gravitational acceleration decreases by a factor of 4. As the distance is tripled, the gravitational acceleration decreases by a factor of 9, and so on. +At the surface of the Earth, the acceleration due to gravity is roughly . The average distance to the centre of the Earth is . +Using the constant formula_10, we can work out gravitational acceleration at a certain altitude. +Example: Find the acceleration due to gravity above Earth's surface. +∴ Distance from centre of Earth is . +∴ Acceleration due to gravity above Earth's surface is . +Gravitational acceleration at the Kármán line, the boundary between Earth's atmosphere and outer space which lies at an altitude of , is only about 3% lower than at sea level. + += = = Pope Anastasius IV = = = +Pope Anastasius IV (; c.1073–3 December 1154), born Corrado di Suburra, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the 169th Pope from 1153 until his death in 1154. +Early life. +Corrado di Suburra was born in Rome. He was the son of Benedetto di Suburra. +Cardinal. +In 1127, della Suburra was made cardinal-bishop of Sabina. +Pope. +Anastasius was elected pope in July 1153. He is known for helping to settle a controversy between the Holy Roman Emperor and the Bishop of Magdeburg in Germany. +The Pantheon in Rome was restored while he was pope. +The pope died on 3 December 1154. + += = = WWE 2K = = = +WWE 2K series is a series of video games that are developed by Yuke's and Visual Concepts and are published by 2K Sports. The video games are based on the professional wrestling company WWE. +The series was first known as "WWF/WWE SmackDown!" from 2000 to 2004 and then was changed to "WWE SmackDown vs. Raw" in 2004. The title was changed to simply "WWE" in 2011 with the release of WWE '12. The "WWE" title was used for WWE '12 and WWE '13 and was changed to "WWE 2K" when Take Two Interactive acquired the publishing rights for the series from THQ. In Japan, the series was known as "Exciting Pro Wrestling" until 2005. The series has gained positive reviews over the years and is one of the best-selling video game franchises. +The series was published by THQ from 2000 to 2013 before THQ filed for bankruptcy on December 19, 2012. THQ's assets were auctioned off and the WWE video game's publishing rights were acquired by Take Two Interactive (Parent company of 2K Games). + += = = Jerry Nelson = = = +Jerry L. Nelson (July 10, 1934 – August 23, 2012) was an American puppeteer. He was best known for his work with "The Muppets". He was known for his wide range of characters and singing abilities. He performed Muppet characters on "Sesame Street", "The Muppet Show", "Fraggle Rock", and various Muppet movies and specials. +Nelson was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He worked as a puppeteer from 1965 until 2011. He died on August 23, 2012 from complications of prostate cancer in Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Nelson also suffered emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He was 78 years old. + += = = James Cromwell = = = +James Oliver Cromwell (born January 27, 1940) is an American movie and television actor. He is mostly known for his roles in "Babe", for which he earned a nomination for an Academy Award of Best Supporting Actor, "Clear and Present Danger", ', "L.A. Confidential", "The Green Mile", ", "The Sum of All Fears", "The Queen", "The Artist", "Big Hero 6" and '. Cromwell is also known for his television role in "Six Feet Under" that ran from 2003 until 2005. He has been nominated for an Academy Award, three Emmy Awards, and four Screen Actors Guild Awards during his 39-year career. +Cromwell is also known for his height which is 6 ft and 7 in., this makes Cromwell the tallest actor to receive an Academy Award nomination. Cromwell won his first Emmy Award in 2013. +Cromwell was born on January 27, 1940 in Los Angeles, California to Kay Johnson and John Cromwell. He was raised in Manhattan, New York. Cromwell was educated at Middlebury College and at Carnegie Mellon University. +Cromwell was married to Anne Ulvestad from 1976 until they divorced in 1986, they had three children. Lastly he married Julie Cobb from 1986 until they divorced in 2005. He currently lives in Studio City, Los Angeles, California. +He supported the presidential campaign of Bernie Sanders in the 2016 U.S. presidential election. + += = = Ralph McQuarrie = = = +Ralph Angus McQuarrie (June 13, 1929 – March 3, 2012) was an American costume designer and illustrator. He designed the original "Star Wars" trilogy, the original "Battlestar Galactica" TV series, "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial" and "Cocoon", for which he won an Academy Award. +McQuarrie was born on June 13, 1929 in Gary, Indiana, a suburb close to Chicago, Illinois. He was raised in Billings, Montana. He was educated at the Art Center School. McQuarrie was married to Joan Benjamin from 1983 until his death in 2012. McQuarrie died on March 3, 2012 in Berkeley, California from Parkinson's disease, he was 82 years old. + += = = Bernard Lovell = = = +Sir Alfred Charles Bernard Lovell (31 August 19136 August 2012) was an English physicist and radio astronomer. He was the first Director of Jodrell Bank Observatory, from 1945 to 1980. Lovell is mostly known for his works in astronomy. Lovell was knighted in 1961, later becoming "Sir". +Early Life. +Lovell was born on August 31, 1913 in Oldland Common, Bristol, England to Gilbert and to Luara Lovell. Lovell was educated at King's Oak Academy. Lovell was never married and had no children. +Death. +Lovell died on August 6, 2012 in Swettenham, Cheshire, England from natural causes, he was just 25 days short from his 99th birthday, he was 98 years old. + += = = Superman Returns = = = +Superman Returns is a 2006 superhero movie. It is based on the DC Comics superhero Superman and his archenemy Lex Luthor. The movie was directed by Bryan Singer. It was produced by Bryan Singer, Gilbert Adler, and Jon Peters. +The movie stars include Brandon Routh, Kevin Spacey, Kate Bosworth, James Marsden, Parker Posey, Frank Langella, Sam Huntington, Eva Marie Saint, Kal Penn, and James Karen (deleted scenes). +It also includes a computer-generated image scene of Marlon Brando, who died in 2004. "Superman Returns" was released on June 28, 2006. The movie used John Williams' original score from the original movie. + += = = Ba'ath Party = = = +The Ba'ath Party is a political party started in Syria in 1947. The word Ba’ath is an Arabic word which means ‘resurrection and renaissance’. The name refers to the main intention of the party which is ‘Arab unity and freedom from non-Arab control and domination’. Baʿthism calls for the Arab world to be a single state. +The Ba’ath Party was set up by Michel Aflaq (1910-1989) a Christian and Salah al-Din al-Bitar (1912-1980) a Sunni Muslim. Their political vision was a mixture of Arab nationalism, Arab socialism, and anti-imperialism. By 1945, the Baathists decided to register their party to become an official party, but their application was rejected by the French mandate which administrated Syria. The theme ‘unity’ became an inspiration for Lebanon, Jordan and other Arab countries in 1948-1951. The connection for Arab nationalism became attractive and popular and Baatism spread out all over the Arab region. The Arab Baʿth Party merged with the Arab Socialist Movement, led by Akram al-Hawrani, in 1952 to form the Arab Socialist Baʿth Party. This was a relative success. It became the second-largest party in the Syrian parliament in the 1954 election. This and the increasing strength of the Syrian Communist Party led to the establishment of the United Arab Republic, a union of Egypt and Syria, in 1958. +After the attack of 1956 in Egypt by Britain, France and Israel, Iraqis realized how cruel these invaders are and that they no longer can’t stay on the side of the British. This bitter awareness was a seed to the Iraqi revolution by the youngsters. Hafaz al-Assad (1930-2000) was the ruler of the Ba’ath Party in Syria and Saddam Hussein (1937-2006) was the ruler of the Ba’ath Party in Iraq. The Ba’ath Party was active in Syria and Iraq after military coups in 1963. +The Ba’ath party wanted to create unity among Arabs. The ideology of socialism for the Ba’ath Party was social justice for the poor and underprivileged. The slogan was: ‘Unity, Freedom, Socialism’ and ‘One Arab Nation with an Immortal Mission’. The Ba’ath Party was the first Arab political party with pan-Arabist goals. Pan-Arabism is a theory that Arab people and nations should be united, or a movement to achieve such unity. The main goals of Pan-Arabism are that every Arab seeks independence from imperialism and thus creates unity within the Arab community. Since there were common problems related to Western imperialism, the Arabs could come to a compromise to work on this. + += = = Frank Langella = = = +Frank A. Langella, Jr. (born January 1, 1938) is an American stage and movie actor. He won a Tony Award for Best Leading Actor in a Play for his role as Richard Nixon in the play "Frost/Nixon" (2006), and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role for the same role in the 2008 movie adaptation. He often plays villains and unsympathetic characters, but he has also played sympathetic characters. +Langella is also known for his other movie appearances, including "Dave", "Superman Returns", "Masters of the Universe", "The Caller", "The Beast", "House of D", "The Box", "Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps", "Unknown" and "Robot & Frank". +Langella was born in Bayonne, New Jersey. He attended Syracuse University. He married Ruth Weil from 1977 to 1996. They have two children, Frank III and Sarah. He was partners with Whoopi Goldberg from 1996 to 2001. + += = = Tuesday Weld = = = +Tuesday Weld (born August 27 1943) is an American movie and television actress. She began her acting career as a child. She has acted in many television programs and movies. +Weld was born Susan Ker Weld in New York City. After her father died, her mother put her to work as a child model. Weld's first acting job was on television at age 12. She was in a movie the same year with a small role in the 1956 Alfred Hitchcock crime drama, "The Wrong Man". The pressures of her career, however, resulted in a nervous breakdown at age nine, alcoholism by age 12, and a suicide attempt around the same time. +Weld's mother did not like her teenage daughter's affairs with older men, such as actor John Ireland. In 1961, she had an off-screen romance with Elvis Presley, her costar in "Wild in the Country". +Personal life. +Weld has been married three times. +She was married to screenwriter Claude Harz, from 1965 until their divorce in 1971. They had a daughter, Natasha, in 1966. +She married British actor, musician, and comedian Dudley Moore in 1975. In 1976 they had a son, Patrick. He is now an actor, director, and editor. They divorced in 1980. In 1985 she married Israeli concert violinist and conductor Pinchas Zukerman. They divorced in 1998. + += = = Russell Scott = = = +Russell Scott (June 30, 1921 - August 27, 2012), also known as Blinky the Clown, was an American clown, stage, and entertainer who starred in a Denver, Colorado television program called "Blinky's Fun Club" from 1958 until the show was cancelled in 1998. Scott was also a stage actor and performed in the South Broadway theatre in Denver, Colorado. +Scott was born in Enid, Oklahoma on June 30, 1921. Scott was never married and had no children. Scott died on August 27, 2012 in a hospital in Morrison, Colorado from complications of pneumonia, he was 91 years old. + += = = Cindy Williams = = = +Cynthia Jane "Cindy" Williams (August 22, 1947 – January 25, 2023) was an American movie and television actress. She starred in many television series and movies. She is best known for starring in the television sitcom "Laverne & Shirley" (1976 to 1982) and playing Laurie in the 1973 movie "American Graffiti". +After a brief illness, Williams died in Los Angeles on January 25, 2023, at the age of 75. + += = = Takahiko Sumida = = = + is a Japanese professional athlete. He is best known as an association football player. + += = = Yumi Obe = = = + is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Obe was born in Sakaiminato on February 15, 1975. She joined Nikko Securities Dream Ladies in 1991. She was selected Young Player Awards in 1991 and Best Eleven for 4 years in a row (1995-1998). The club also won Nadeshiko League championship for 3 years in a row (1996-1998). However, the club was disbanded in 1998 due to financial strain. She moved to OKI FC Winds in 1999. But the club was disbanded end of season. She moved to YKK Tohoku Ladies SC Flappers (later "TEPCO Mareeze"). End of 2006 season, she retired. She was selected Best Eleven total 7 times in her career. +On August 21, 1991, when Obe was 16 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against China. She was a member of Japan for 1991, 1995, 2003 World Cup, 1996 and 2004 Summer Olympics. She played at 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003 AFC Championship, 1998 and 2002 Asian Games. She played 85 games and scored 6 goals for Japan until 2004. She was also the captain. +At TEPCO Mareeze, when Obe was a player, club manager Takahiro Kimura end of 2006 Nadeshiko League season in November. She managed as playing manager in 2006 Empress's Cup in December. + += = = Takuya Marutani = = = + is a Japanese professional athlete. He is best known as an association football player. + += = = List of current United States governors = = = +The following is a list of the current governors of the states and territories of the United States. there were 27 Republicans and 23 Democrats holding the office of governor in the states. There are 4 Democrats and 1 Republican (one is also a member of the New Progressive Party) as governor of United States Territories and Mayor of the District of Columbia. +State governors. +In the table below, Next Election means the year the governor's term ends. The current term ends in January of the given year for every state except Alaska, Hawaii, and Kentucky, where the term ends in December of the year of election. When the table has (term limits) after the year it means that the current governor cannot seek re-election in that year. If the table has (retiring) it means that the current governor has said they will not seek re-election at the end of the term or to run for another office. +The longest serving incumbent U.S. governor is Jay Inslee of Washington, having served since January 16, 2013, and the most recently inaugurated governor is Jeff Landry of Louisiana, having served since January 8, 2024. Alabama governor Kay Ivey (born 1944) is the oldest governor, and Arkansas governor Sarah Huckabee Sanders (born 1982) is the youngest. +Territory governors. +The following hold the gubernatorial offices of the United States territories. +References. +Notes + += = = Michelle Rodriguez = = = +Michelle Rodriguez (born July 12, 1978 near San Antonio, Texas) is an American movie and television actress who has starred in numerous television programs and movies. She began with "Girlfight" in 2000 and continued with other notable movies, such as "Avatar" and "Machete". +Personal life. +Rodriguez is bisexual. + += = = Matteo Brancaleoni = = = +Matteo Brancaleoni (pronounced branka-leeonee) is an Italian contemporary pop/jazz singer, actor and journalist. + += = = Myocheong = = = +Myo Cheong (Hangul: ��, Hanja:��, ?-1135) was a Korean Buddhist monk, politician, and philosopher during the Goryeo Dynasty. His other name was Jungshim. +Myo cheong was from Pyongyang. Although he was a Buddhist, he performed divination and prophecy. + += = = Jason Priestley = = = +Jason Priestley (born August 28, 1969) is a Canadian-American actor, producer and director who has acted in numerous television programs. He played Brandon Walsh in the television series "Beverly Hills, 90210". He was born in Vancouver, British Columbia. He became an American citizen in 2007. + += = = Papal name = = = +A papal name is a special name (regnal name) which is chosen by the pope when he is elected. +History. +In the early church, popes were known by their ordinary names, such as Pope Adeodatus, Pope Formosus and Pope Hyginus. +The practice of choosing a papal name started in the sixth century. At birth, Pope John II was named after the Roman god Mercury. When he was elected pope, he chose to be called by a Christian name. +Papal names became customary in the 10th century. In 996, the first German pope was chosen; and he changed his name from Bruno to Gregory. He is known as Pope Gregory V. +Every pope since the 16th century is known by a different name than the one he was given at birth. +Frequency of names. +The papal names have included John (23 times), Gregory (16), Clement (14), Innocent (13), Leo (13) and Pius (12). +The first papal name to be repeated was Pope Sixtus. There have been four others. +As with kings and emperors, a Roman numeral is added if the Pope chooses a name that another pope has used before -- for example, Pope John Paul II decided to be known by the same name as the pope who came before him. + += = = Pope John Paul = = = +Pope John Paul may mean: + += = = Richard Jenkins = = = +Richard Dale Jenkins (born May 4, 1947) is an American Academy Award-nominated television, stage, voice, and movie actor who has appeared in many movies such as; "The Visitor", "The Cabin in the Woods", "Eddie", "Fun with Dick and Jane", "Blue Steel", "Wolf", "The Mod Squad", "Killing Them Softly", "" and "The Shape of Water". In television, he is known for his role in "Six Feet Under". +Jenkins was born in DeKalb, Illinois on May 4, 1947. Jenkins was educated at Illinois Wesleyan University. Jenkins is currently married to Sharon R. Friedrick since 1969, they have 2 children together. Jenkins currently lives in Cumberland, Rhode Island. + += = = James Fox = = = +James Fox, also known as William Fox (born 19 May 1939) is a British television, stage, and movie actor, who has appeared in over 100 television programmes and over 50 movies in his 62 year career. Fox is best known for his roles in "Sexy Beast", "The Lost World", and "Patriot Games". In the U.S. he is mostly known for his role as Mr. Salt in Tim Burton's "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory". +Fox was born in London, England on 19 May 1939. Fox has an elder brother, actor Edward Fox, and a younger brother, movie producer Robert Fox. His grandfather was playwright Frederick Lonsdale. +Fox has been married to Mary Elizabeth Piper since 1973, they have five children - the middle child is actor Laurence Fox. His son-in-law is actor and comedian Richard Ayoade. His daughter-in-law is actress Billie Piper. His sister-in-law is actress Joanna David. His niece is actress Emilia Fox. His nephew is actor Freddie Fox. + += = = Vincent Pastore = = = +Vincent Pastore (born July 14, 1946) is an American television, radio, voice, and movie actor, mostly known for his role as a mobster and also best known for his role as Salvatore "Big Pussy" Bonpensiero in the hit show "The Sopranos". He began his career 1988 and had a small part in the 1990 movie "Goodfellas". +Pastore was born in The Bronx, New York City, New York on July 14, 1946. Pastore was educated at Pace University. Pastore was married to Nancy Berke until they divorced, they had one child. Pastore currently lives in City Island, New York. + += = = Nick Punto = = = +Nicholas Paul Punto (born November 8, 1977) is an American major league baseball player. He plays for the Los Angeles Dodgers. Punnto was born in San Diego, California. He used to play for the Boston Red Sox. + += = = June Foray = = = +June Foray (born June Lucille Forer; September 18, 1917 – July 26, 2017) was an American television, stage, radio, movie, and voice actress. She was mostly known for making the voice of Rocky the Flying Squirrel and Granny in all of the Looney Tunes shows or movies. +Foray has also made the voice of Cindy Lou Who, Jokey Smurf, Lucifer the cat, and Witch Hazel. She received a Daytime Emmy Award and an Annie Award. She has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her voice work. +Foray was born in Springfield, Massachusetts on September 18, 1917. She was educated at the Classical High School. She was married to Hobart Donovan from 1954 until his death in 1976. They had no children. +Foray helped create the Best Animated Feature category of the Academy Awards. +On July 26, 2017, Foray died at a hospital in Los Angeles, California of cardiac arrest. She was 99 years old. + += = = Terence Stamp = = = +Terence Henry Stamp (born 22 July 1938) is a British movie, voice, television, and stage actor who has appeared in over 100 movies such as; "The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert", "Superman II", "Get Smart","The Haunted Mansion", "", "Valkyrie", "Yes Man", and "Wanted". Stamp has been awarded a Golden Globe Award, Silver Bear Award, and a Satellite Award. He has acted in over 100 films. +Stamp was born in Stepney, London. In the 1960s he and supermodel girlfriend Jean Shrimpton were one of the most photographed couples of the day. Another of his famous girlfriends was Julie Christie. Later, Stamp became a follower of Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh, and lived for a while at the latter's ashram (~estate) in Poona. +At 64, Stamp married 29 year old Elizabeth O'Rourke in 2002. The couple divorced in 2008. + += = = Jonathan Pryce = = = +Sir Jonathan Pryce, CBE (born John Price on 1 June 1947) is a Welsh movie, television, stage and voice actor. He has appeared in many movie, television programs, and plays during his 42 year career. +Pryce is mostly known for his roles as Elliot Carver in "Tomorrow Never Dies", Sam Lowry in "Brazil", King James I/VI of England in "The New World", Juan Perón in "Evita", Govenor Weatherby Swann in the "Pirates of the Caribbean" Movie Series, "U.S. President" in both "G.I. Joe the Rise of Cobra", and in "G.I. Joe Retaliation". In 2019, he played Pope Francis in the Netflix movie "The Two Popes", a role which earned him an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. +Pryce was born in Holywell, Flintshire, Wales on 1 June 1947. He studied at the Royal Academy of the Dramatic Arts. He was raised in London, England. Pryce is currently married to Kate Fahy since 1974. + += = = Richard Griffiths = = = +Richard Thomas Griffiths, OBE (31 July 1947 – 28 March 2013) was a British movie, stage, television, Actor and Voice actor. He appeared in many movies, plays, and television programs. +Griffiths is mostly known for his roles as Harry Potter's Uncle Vernon Dursley in the "Harry Potter" movie series, Uncle Monty in "Withnail and I", Henry Crabbe in "Pie in the Sky", and as King George II in "". He won a Laurence Olivier Award, a Drama Desk Award, and a Tony Award. +Early life. +Griffiths was born in Thornaby-on-Tees, North Riding of Yorkshire, England on 31 July 1947. He lived in Manchester, England during his early adulthood. He was raised as Roman Catholic. His parents were both deaf, and he learned sign language at an early age so that he could communicate with them. +During his childhood he tried to run away from home many times. He dropped out of Our Lady & St Bede School in Stockton-on-Tees at age 15. Griffiths was educated at Stockton & Billingham College and at Manchester School of Theatre. +Career. +Griffiths' movie roles were in: "Gorky Park" (1983), "Withnail and I" (1987), "King Ralph" (1991), "" (1991), "Guarding Tess" (1994) and "Sleepy Hollow" (1999). Later, he played Harry Potter's cruel uncle Vernon Dursley in the "Harry Potter movie series" ("Sorcerer's Stone", "Chamber of Secrets", "Prisoner of Azkaban", "Order of the Phoenix", and "Deathly Hallows Part 1".) +Griffiths appeared as King George II in 2011's "". He appeared in the first episode of the television series "Episodes" as Julian Bullard. +Griffiths once got a standing ovation after ejecting a female audience member from his "West End" play. Her ringtone sounded for the third time during Griffiths play. +In April 2012, Griffiths starred, with Danny DeVito, in a revival of the Neil Simon play "The Sunshine Boys". The show was played at the Savoy Theatre from 27 April 2012, opening on 17 May and playing a limited 12-week season until 28 July. +Personal life. +Griffiths was married to Heather Gibson from 1980 until his death in 2013. He had no children. +Death. +Griffiths died on 28 March 2013 during heart surgery in Coventry, West Midlands, England, aged 65. Many reactions were posted on Twitter after his death. Some were from Daniel Radcliffe, Warwick Davis, and Richard E. Grant. His funeral took place at Holy Trinity Church in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire on 9 April 2013, with over four hundred mourners, including Daniel Radcliffe, Alan Bennett, Michael Palin, Richard E. Grant, Jack Whitehall and Judi Dench. +Honors. +He was awarded an honorary degree from Teesside University in 2006 and was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2008 New Year Honours. + += = = Ann Romney = = = +Ann Lois Romney (née Davies born on April 16, 1949) is the wife of the Republican Presidential Candidate Mitt Romney. She was the First Lady of the State of Massachusetts when he was Governor. She was born in Detroit, Michigan. + += = = Jim Nabors = = = +James Thurston "Jim" Nabors (June 12, 1930 – November 30, 2017) was an American singer, television, and movie actor. He was best known for his role as Gomer Pyle on the TV programs "The Andy Griffith Show" and "Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C." Nabors was the host of two programs. They were "The Jim Nabors Hour" and "The Jim Nabors Show". +Nabors was also a guest star in "The Steve Allen Show", "The Danny Kaye Show", "The Muppet Show" and "The Carol Burnett Show". He won a Golden Raspberry Award for his role as Lugs Harvey in the movie "Stroker Ace". +Life. +Nabors was born in Sylacauga, Alabama on June 12, 1930. Nabors was educated at the University of Alabama. +There was a rumor that Nabors was married to Rock Hudson, the rumor was later denied. Nabors only said that he and Hudson were only "special friends." +Since 1975, Nabors lived with his partner Stan Cadwallader in Honolulu, Hawaii. A month after same-sex marriage became legal, Nabors married Cadwallader on January 29, 2013. In the early morning of November 30, 2017, Nabors died peacefully at his home in Honolulu. He was 87 years old. + += = = Re'em Ha'Cohen = = = +Rabbi Re'em Ha'Cohen (, born in March 10, 1957) is an Israeli Rabbi. Ha'Cohen is the rosh yeshiva of Yeshivat Otniel (together with Rabbi Binyamin Kalmanzon). He is a well-known religious zionist. He is also the community rabbi of the town Otniel, which is in South Mount Hebron, in the occupied Palestinian territories. +Ha'Cohen grew up in Jerusalem. He is married to Noa and a father of 9 children. +Ha'Cohen holds that smoking is forbidden by the Jewish religion. He also believes that Jewish law says people should be organ donors. + += = = Harp seal = = = +The harp seal ("Pagophilus groenlandicus"), also known as the saddleback seal or Greenland seal, is a species of earless seal. They live in the northernmost Atlantic Ocean and parts of the Arctic Ocean. It now belongs to the monotypic genus "Pagophilus". Its scientific name, "Pagophilus groenlandicus", means "ice-lover from Greenland". +Description. +The harp seal has a black face with silvery-gray body. Its eyes are pure black. It has black harp or wishbone-shaped markings on the back. They show little sexual dimorphism. This means there is little difference between the males and females. The baby harp seal (pup) has a yellow-white coat at birth. After three days, the coat turns white and stays white for about 12 days. Adult harp seals grow up to be 1.7 to 2.0 m (5 to 6 feet) long and weigh from 140 to 190 kg (300 to 400 pounds). +Harp seals like to swim in the ocean. They spend little time on land. They are very social animals. They can be very noisy, as well. They will form large colonies where they spend a great deal of time. Many harp seals are able to live up to 30 years in the wild. +On the ice, pups call their mothers by "bawling" and "mumble" while playing with others. Adults "growl" and "warble" to warn off others. Underwater, adults use more than 19 call types during courting and mating. +Reproduction. +Females mature sexually at age five to six. Then each year, they bear one pup. This is usually in late February. +Newborn pups weigh around and are long. After birth, the mother only feeds that pup. During the 12 day nursing period, the mother does not eat. She loses up to per day. Harp seal milk has up to 48% fat, so pups gain over per day. +Weaning is sudden. The mother turns from nursing to promiscuous mating. She leaves the pup behind on the ice. While courtship starts on the ice, mating usually takes place in the water. +Pups are unable to swim or find food until seven to eight weeks old or until the ice melts. This leaves them open to polar bears and other predators. Because they cannot eat, they lose up to 50% of their weight. As many as 30% of pups die during their first year. + += = = Ringed seal = = = +The ringed seal ("Pusa hispida"), also known as the jar seal and as netsik or nattiq by the Inuit, is an earless seal. They live in the Arctic and sub-Arctic areas. The ringed seal is a small seal. They are rarely greater than 1.5 m in length. +They have a distinctive patterning of dark spots surrounded by light grey rings. It is the most abundant and wide-ranging ice seal in the northern hemisphere. The live throughout the Arctic Ocean, into the Bering Sea and Okhotsk Sea as far south as the northern coast of Japan in the Pacific, and throughout the North Atlantic coasts of Greenland and Scandinavia as far south as Newfoundland, and include two freshwater subspecies in northern Europe. Ringed seals are one of the main prey of polar bears. They have long been a part of the diet of indigenous people of the Arctic. +Description. +The ringed seal is the smallest and most common seal in the Arctic. They have a small head, short cat-like snout, and a plump body. Their coat is dark with silver rings on their back and sides with a silver belly. Depending on subspecies and condition, adult size can range from 100 to 175 cm (40-69 in) and weigh from 32 to 140 kg (70-308 lbs). The seal averages about 5 ft (1.5 m) long with a weight of about 50–70 kg (110-150 lbs). Their small front flippers have claws more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) thick that are used to make breathing holes through 6.5 ft (2 m) thick ice. +Range and habitat. +Ringed seals live throughout the Arctic Ocean. They can be found in the Baltic Sea, the Bering Sea and the Hudson Bay. They like to rest on ice floe and will move farther north for denser ice. One subspecies can be found in freshwater. +Life history. +Females reach sexual maturity at 4 years. Males do not reach maturity until 7 years old. During the spring breeding season, females make lairs in the thick ice and give birth in these structures. Females give birth to a single pup in March or April after a 9 month gestation period. Pups are weaned after one month. They build up a thick layer of blubber. +Females usually begin mating in late April. Males will roam the ice for a mate. When found, the male and female may spend several days together before mating. Then the male looks for another mate. +Ringed seals live about 25 to 30 years. They are solitary animals. They separate themselves from each other by hundreds of yards. +Diet. +Ringed seals eat a wide variety of small prey. They eat 72 species of fish and invertebrates. Their prey of choice includes mysids, shrimp, arctic cod, and herring. While feeding, ringed seals dive to depths of 35 to 150 ft (10–45 m). In the summer ringed seals feed along edge of the sea-ice for polar cod. In shallow water they feed on smaller cod. Ringed seals may also eat herring, smelt, whitefish, sculpin, perch, and crustaceans. +Predators. +Ringed seal are an important food item in particular for polar bears. During the pupping season, arctic fox and glaucous gulls take ringed seal pups born outside lairs. Killer whales, Greenland sharks and occasionally Atlantic walruses prey upon them in the water. +References. +This article has public domain work of the United States Government from references. + += = = Saffron cod = = = +The saffron cod "(Eleginus gracilis)", is a type of fish. They are closely related to true cods (genus "Gadus"). It is dark grey-green to brown, with spots on its sides and pale towards the belly. It may grow to 60 cm and weigh up to 1.3 kg. +It lives in the North Pacific, from off the Korean coasts until beyond Bering Straits, off the Alaskan coasts. It normally is found in shallow coastal waters at less than 60 m depth. It may also be found at depths up to 200 m. The saffron cod may also enter brackish and even fresh waters, occurring quite far up rivers and streams. +Saffron cods begin to mature during their third year of life. They feed on fish and small crustaceans. They are commercially fished in many areas of the northwestern Pacific. The country with the largest catch is Russia. It is used for human's to eat in the Russian Federation and Japan, fresh or frozen. + += = = Forbes Kennedy = = = +Forbes Taylor Kennedy (born August 18, 1935 in Dorchester, New Brunswick) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey centre that played a combined 12 seasons in the NHL. He played 1 season with the Chicago Black Hawks, 4 with the Detroit Red Wings, 2 with the Philadelphia Flyers, 4 with the Boston Bruins and 1 with the Toronto Maple Leafs. He set records for most penalties in a game (eight), most minutes (38), most penalties in a period (six) and most penalty minutes in a period (34). +During the 1969 Stanley Cup playoff opener between the Boston Bruins and Toronto Maple Leafs, Bruins player Pat Quinn delivered a huge hit on Maple Leafs defenceman Bobby Orr which knocked Orr unconscious. Kennedy responded by taking part in four fights and punching a linesman after the last fight. He was fined $1,000 for punching the linesman. He was suspended for a long time and his time with the Maple Leafs ended. It was also the last game he played before he was forced to retire because he never recovered from knee surgery. + += = = Rambling Rose = = = +Rambling Rose is a 1991 American drama movie. The movie is set in Georgia during the Great Depression. It stars Laura Dern as the title character. Robert Duvall, Diane Ladd and Lukas Haas play the family she moves in with. It was released in September 1991 in the United States. + += = = Gord Fashoway = = = +Gordon "Gordie" Fashoway (June 16, 1926 – May 1, 2012) was a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger that played 13 games for the Chicago Black Hawks during the 1950-51 NHL season. Fashoway also played in the Western Hockey League with the New Westminster Royals, Victoria Cougars, and Portland Buckaroos. He won the Fred J. Hume Cup in 1960 while playing with the Buckaroos. +After Fashoway retired, he became the head coach of the Oakland Golden Seals in 1968. He coached the Golden Seals for one year before he decided to coach the Portland Buckaroos for five years. In the 1970–71 WHL season, the Buckaroos won their third WCHL championship when Fashoway was coaching them. + += = = Anne Archer = = = +Anne Archer (born August 25, 1947) is an American movie and television actress. She has been in many television programs and movies. She starred in the thrillers "Fatal Attraction", "Body of Evidence", "Patriot Games" and "Clear and Present Danger". + += = = Dick Gamble = = = +Richard Frank "Dick" Gamble (November 16, 1928 in Moncton, New Brunswick – March 22, 2018 in Pittsford, New York) was a Canadian retired NHL ice hockey left winger that played a combined 9 seasons in the NHL. He played 6 seasons with the Montreal Canadiens, 1 season with the Chicago Black Hawks and 2 seasons with the Toronto Maple Leafs. Gamble won a Stanley Cup with the Canadiens in 1953. +Gamble also played in the American Hockey League with the Rochester Americans. During his time with the Americans, he won 3 Calder Cups and became a player-coach for the Americans in 1968–69. They retired his jersey number (#9). + += = = Yi Ryang = = = +Yi Ryang (, 1519 1583) was a politician and philosopher during the Korean Joseon Dynasty. +Lee was a member of the royal family of the Joseon Dynasty. He was a descendant of Prince Hyoryeongs and uncle of Queen Insun, wife of Myeongjong of Joseon. In 1546 he passed to Saengwon and Chinsa exam and passed to Imperial examination in 1552. + += = = Diane Ladd = = = +Diane Ladd (born November 29, 1935 in Laurel, Mississippi) is an American movie and television actress. She has been nominated for several major awards. She is the mother of actress Laura Dern. +References. +<br> + += = = Hiromi Ikeda = = = + (former name; Hiromi Isozaki, �� ��) is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team. +Biography. +Ikeda was born in Honjo on December 22, 1975. She joined Tasaki Perule FC in 1995. She was selected Best Young Player awards in 1995 season. She was also selected Best Eleven for 10 years in a row (1999-2008). However, the club was disbanded in 2008 due to financial strain. So, she retired end of 2008 season. She played 236 matches in Nadeshiko League. +On June 8, 1997, Ikeda debuted for the Japan national team against China. She was a member of Japan for 1999, 2003, 2007 World Cups, 2004 and 2008 Summer Olympics. At 2004 Summer Olympics, she played as captain because captain Yumi Obe was reserve member. After 2004 Summer Olympics, she became Japan's captain until 2008 Summer Olympics. She played 119 games and scored 4 goals for Japan until 2008. +Personal life. +Ikeda got married and changed her name to Hiromi Ikeda (�� ��) from Hiromi Isozaki (�� ��) in 2007. + += = = BBC World News = = = +BBC World News is an international news television channel. Unlike other BBC channels, it is not available in the United Kingdom. It is not funded by a licence fee. Instead it has advertisements. BBC World News employs more correspondents and reporters than any other news channel. +The channel was launched in 1991. + += = = Gifu = = = + is a city in the Chūbu region of Japan on the island of Honshu. It is the capital city of Gifu Prefecture. +It has been recognized as a core city since 1996. + += = = Sakaiminato, Tottori = = = + is a city in the Chūbu region of Japan on the island of Honshu. + += = = Yonago = = = + is a city in the Chūbu region of Japan on the island of Honshu. + += = = Toyama (city) = = = + is the capital city of Toyama Prefecture, Japan. +History. +In the pre-Meiji period, Toyama was a castle town and the capital of Etchū Province. +It has been recognized as a core city since 1996. +Demography. +According to Japanese census data, +Shrines. +Toyama has many shrines including Toyama Chukyoin and Toyama Gokoku Shrine. + += = = Brave and Bold = = = +Brave and Bold is a boys' book written by Horatio Alger, Jr. It was serialized (published in parts) beginning on August 5, 1872 in the New York "Weekly". Also published in the same issue was Alger's poem "Friar Anselmo". "Brave and Bold" was then published in book form by A. K. Loring of Boston in 1873. The story was serialized in "Reader", an English magazine, in 1872, and was one of Alger's few stories to be so published. +Alger had lost some of his steam as the 1870s approached. He had made his literary name in exposing the horrors of life for street children in books such as "Ragged Dick" (1866). As the years passed, the government had taken on these horrors, studies were being conducted, and the plight of street children was being relieved. As a result, Alger was left without a literary subject. Boys' tastes were changing. They knew everything they needed to know about street boys from Alger's many novels about the poor. They wanted cowboys and Indians. Alger's publisher and his editor urged him ramp up the excitement in his books. Alger agreed, but let it be known that his moralizing would remain at its usual high level. +"Brave and Bold" was the first in a new series of Alger novels published by Loring, and the first in which sex rears its head. Before "Brave and Bold", the girls of the hero's age were sisters or simply prop figures. In this new book, Hester Paine, the lovely daughter of Millville's most prominent citizen and the reigning village belle, becomes a source of fascination and contention for "factory boy" hero Robert Rushton and his nemesis, the rich, snobbish, kid glove-wearing youth Halbert Davis. +"Brave and Bold" hit a new high in Alger's work, according Edwin Hoyt, but Hoyt describes the story as a "fiasco". Gary Scharnhorst describes it as "horrifying", and lists a shooting, a stabbing, and a suicide among the book's elements. The book was reviewed by a reader of the children's magazine "St. Nicholas"; he described it as "of the sensational order" and was glad he did not meet its characters in real life. This was the last review of an Alger work published by the prestigious magazine. The book initiated the controversy over making Alger's works available to the young. + += = = Yamagata = = = + is a city in the Tōhoku region of Japan. It is the capital city of Yamagata Prefecture. It is on the island of Honshu. It has been recognized as a special city since 2001. +The sightseeing spot of Yamagata are the peaks of the Zaou, Rissyaku Temple and Yamagata castle. This place is site of Hanagaza festival. This festival is held in August. +Yamagata is hot in summer and cold in winter. + += = = Kevin McNally = = = +Kevin McNally (born 27 April 1956) mostly known as Kevin R. McNally is an English movie, television, stage, voice, and radio actor who is mostly known for his role as Joshamee Gibbs in all four of the Pirates of the Caribbean movies. McNally has also appeared in many movies such as; "Valkyrie", "Scoop", "Spice World", "Johnny English" and "The Raven". +McNally was born in Bristol, England. McNally married Phyllis Logan in 2011. They have a son together. + += = = Wakayama (city) = = = + is a city in the Kansai region of Japan on the island of Honshu. It is the capital city of Wakayama Prefecture. +It has been recognized as a core city since 1997. + += = = Nara, Nara = = = + is a city in Japan on the island of Honshu. It is the capital city of Nara Prefecture. +It has been recognized as a core city since 2002. +History. +Many of the temples, shrines and ruins in Nara form "Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara". It is one of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It includes +The Kasugayama old-groth forest is also identified as a world heritage site. +On 8 July 2022, former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe was fatally shot while giving a campaign speech in Nara. +Geography. +The city is in the northern part of Nara Prefecture. It is on the border with Kyoto Prefecture. + += = = Tony Jay = = = +Tony Jay (2 February 1933 – 13 August 2006) was a British actor who is mostly known for his deep voice and for his voice roles in as Shere Khan in "The Jungle Book 2" and as Claude Frollo in "The Hunchback of Notre Dame". Jay is also known for playing villain roles in voice and live-action movies. +Jay was born on 2 February 1933 in London, England, and was educated at the Pinner County Grammer School. +Jay was married to Marta MacGeraghty from 1974 until his death in 2006. Jay died on 13 August 2006 in Cedars-Sinia Hospital in Los Angeles, California from complications of lung cancer after having surgery to remove the tumor, he was 73 years old. + += = = Bob Holness = = = +Robert Wentworth John Holness (November 12, 1928 – January 6, 2012) was a British radio and television presenter who is mostly known for hosting "Take a Letter", ', ', and "". Holness has also guest-starred in "Ant and Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway". He also played James Bond in a 1956 adaptation of the Ian Fleming Novel " made for South African radio". +Holness was born in Vryheid, Natal, South Africa on November 12, 1928 to British parents and was raised in Ashford, Kent. He was educated at Ashford Grammar School and at Maidstone College of Art. +Holness was married to Mary Holness until his death in 2012, they had 3 children. Holness lived in Pinner, London, England and would die there on January 6, 2012 from dementia, he was 83 years old. + += = = Byblos = = = +Byblos is the Greek name of the Phoenician city Gebal (; ; earlier Gubla/Phoenician:���). It is said to be the oldest city in the world (according to the ancient historian Philo of Byblos). +History Of Byblos. +Byblos is a city located in Lebanon. It is called Byblos by the Greeks. The word Byblos appears in the Bible under the name Gebal. Gebal means mountains. The Greeks took the name of Byblos as their word for books, and from their word for books named the bible. +Interesting Places. +There are a lot interesting places in Byblos. The most important ones are Old Souk, Qartaba, Faraya, Abraham River, Jeita Grotto and Byblos Wax Museum. Old souk is a place where you find everything old and with a cheap price. Qartaba is a village in byblos, Qartaba means good, curing and balanced weather. In winter Faraya has a cold climate and snow, Faraya means "The land of fruits and vegetables". Abraham River is a small river also called Adonis, Adonis means "The God Of Love". Jeita Grotto is one of the most beautiful places to visit. Byblos Wax Museum is a wax museum that present historical people and everything old. +Further reading. +"Je m'appelle Byblos", Jean-Pierre Thiollet, H & D, 2005. + += = = Bill Fagerbakke = = = +William Mark "Bill" Fagerbakke (born October 4, 1957) is an American actor and voice actor who is mostly known for his role as SpongeBob SquarePants' best friend Patrick Star in "SpongeBob SquarePants" and as Michael "Dauber" Dybinski in "Coach". In movies he is known for his role as Deputy Webb in the 2009 horror movie "Halloween II". +Fagerbakke was born in Fontana, California on October 4, 1957. He was educated at the University of Idaho. He was married to actress Catherine McClenahan in 1989. Together, they had two daughters, Hannah and Carson. They separated in September 2012. + += = = Rodger Bumpass = = = +Rodger Bumpass (born November 20, 1951) is an American actor and comedian who is best known for his roles as Squidward Tentacles in "SpongeBob SquarePants" and Professor Membrane in "Invader Zim". He is also known for providing extra voices in "Toy Story 2", "A Bug's Life", and "Tarzan". +Early life. +Bumpass was born Rodger Dale Bumpass in Little Rock, Arkansas on November 20, 1951. Bumpass was educated at Arkansas State University. Bumpass was nominated for a 2012 Daytime Emmy Award for his role as Squidward Tentacles. +Personal life. +During August 2006, rumors were circulated that Bumpass died during heart surgery. His death was noted on IMDb and in the Arkansas State University alumni newsletter. Bumpass confirmed that reports of his death were untrue. +In July 2019, Bumpass married Angela VanZandt, his high school sweetheart of 50 years. +Legal troubles. +On January 19, 2016, Bumpass was arrested just after midnight for alleged driving under the influence in Burbank, California. He was later released on a $15,000 bail the next morning. + += = = Carolyn Lawrence = = = +Carolyn Lawrence (born February 13, 1967) is an American television and voice actress mostly known for her voice role as Sandy Cheeks in "Spongebob Squarepants", and Cindy Vortex in "". Lawrence was born in Baltimore, Maryland on February 13, 1967. + += = = Mr. Lawrence = = = +Douglas Lawrence Osowski (born January 1, 1969), known professionally as "Mr. Lawrence", is an American voice actor, comedian, writer, storyboard artist, animator, and director. He is known for his voice roles such as Plankton, Larry the Lobster, and the Realistic Fish Head in "SpongeBob SquarePants". +Lawrence was born in East Brunswick, New Jersey on January 1, 1969. + += = = Māori people = = = +The Māori are the indigenous people of New Zealand. They were the first people to live in the islands. +The Polynesian ancestors of the Māori came to New Zealand between 800 and 1300 AD. There are many theories about where the Maori came from. They arrived from somewhere in tropical Polynesia, either from the Cook Islands or the Society Islands. There is also a widely-recognised theory that the Māori people originated from Vanuatu. +Before Europeans came to New Zealand, the Māori did not need a name for themselves as a people. After Europeans came to New Zealand, the indigenous people called themselves "Māori. Māori" means "normal" or "ordinary". They called other people, especially those who came from Britain, “Pākehā”, meaning "white person". Today, in New Zealand English "Pākehā" is often used as a name for New Zealand Europeans. +Today, over 700,000 Māori people live in New Zealand. They are an important part of the country's culture. This is why they have received special rights from the Government of New Zealand. Their native language, the Māori language, is an official language of the country along with English. + += = = Walter Breuning = = = +Walter Breuning (September 21, 1896 – April 14, 2011) was an American supercentenarian and former railroader, who was the oldest living man in the world. +Biography. +Breuning was born on September 21, 1896, in Melrose, Minnesota. Breuning was married to Agnes C. Breuning (née Twokey) from 1922 until her death in 1957. Lastly he married Margaret Breuning (née Vanest) from 1958 until her death in 1975. +He was a colorectal cancer survivor. From March 31, 2011 (the same day as Shelby Harris, who succeeded Breuning as the oldest living man in the United States, celebrated his 110th birthday), Breuning was hospitalized for an unspecified illness, possibly pneumonia. +He died of natural causes at the hospital on April 14, 2011 at 3:30 p.m. aged 114 years, 205 days and was survived by his niece, 3 nephews, and a great niece and nephews. He was succeeded as the oldest living man by Japanese Jiroemon Kimura, who later became the oldest man ever, and was (until Kimura surpassed his age) the third-oldest man in history, after Christian Mortensen and Emiliano Mercado del Toro. + += = = Deep Roy = = = +Gurdeep Roy (born 26 January 1949), sometimes credited as Roy Deep, Gordeep Roy, or just Deep Roy, is a Kenyan-born English movie and voice actor, stuntman and puppeteer. +He has appeared in 50 movies including "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory", "Big Fish", "Planet of the Apes", "Star Trek", "Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen", "Mafia!", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas", "Corpse Bride", and in "Star Trek". Roy is also known for his small-size. +Roy was born in Nairobi, Kenya on 26 January 1949. + += = = Cesar Romero = = = +Cesar Julio Romero Jr. (February 15, 1907 – January 1, 1994) was an American actor and activist. He was in movies, radio works, and television programs for almost sixty years. His roles included playing lovers, historical people in costume dramas, characters in light comedies, and the Joker in the "Batman" 1966 TV series. +Life. +Romero was born on February 15, 1907 in New York City. He was raised in Bradley Beach, New Jersey. He never married. He was a homosexual. Romero died on January 1, 1994 in Santa Monica, California from complications of a pulmonary embolism caused by bronchopneumonia. He was 86 years old. + += = = Dana Reeve = = = +Dana Reeve (née Morosini; March 17, 1961 - March 6, 2006) was an American actress who starred in many television programs and movies. She was born in Teaneck, New Jersey. She was featured in the television soap opera "All My Children". She was the widow of Christopher Reeve. Reeve died of lung cancer in March 2006 in New York City. + += = = World News Now = = = +World News Now is a news program which began January 6 1992 on American Broadcasting Company. The overall tone of this show is humorous and irreverent. Numerous famous TV personalities, such as Anderson Cooper, have hosted the show. + += = = East Grand Forks, Minnesota = = = +East Grand Forks is a city in Polk County, Minnesota in the United States. The population was 9,176 at the 2020 Census. +It is along the eastern bank of the Red River of the North. It is directly across from the larger city of Grand Forks, North Dakota. + += = = Oświęcim = = = +Oświęcim (German name: "Auschwitz") is a town in the Lesser Poland province of southern Poland. It is west of Kraków. +During World War II the Auschwitz concentration camp was situated near this town. + += = = Dido, Queen of Carthage = = = +Ancient Greek and Roman writers said that Dido was the founder and first Queen of Carthage. Carthage was a city in the country now known as Tunisia. Dido lived in the 9th century BC (about 3000 years ago). Some parts of her life may be true. Other parts are myths. She is best known from the story about her in the "Aeneid" by the Roman poet Virgil. In some writings about her, she is called Alyssa or Elissa. She was also worshipped as a goddess in ancient Carthage. +Early stories about her life. +The oldest story about Dido was written by Timaeus. He was an ancient Greek historian who lived in the 3rd century BC. One hundred years later, a Roman historian, Pompeius Trogus, wrote about her. His story about her is now lost, but a later Roman historian, Justin, wrote a summary of Trogus' story. In the stories by Timaeus and Trogus, Dido was the daughter of the King of Tyre (a city in the country now known as Lebanon). She was married to Acerbas who was a priest of Hercules. When Dido's brother Pygmalion killed Acerbas, Dido ran away. She took some of her people with her. They went first to Cyprus, and then to the north coast of Africa in the place now known as Tunisia. +When they got to Africa, Dido asked the Berber ruler, a man named Iarbus, if she could buy some land to for her people to start a city. He said that she could buy as much land as she could cover with the skin of a dead ox. She told her people to cut the skin into very thin strips. They laid all the strips out to mark the borders. This gave them a very big piece of land. Dido and her people built a city on the land. The city was named Carthage, and Dido was its first queen. Carthage grew and became a very rich city. Many Berbers also went to live there. +When he saw what a rich city Carthage was, Iarbus wanted to marry Dido. He told her that if she did not marry him, he would make war on Carthage. Dido did not want to marry Iarbus. She still loved her husband . Before her wedding to Iarbus, she built a large fire. She told him that the fire was a ceremony to honor Acerbas. She said that when the ceremony was finished, Iarbus would be her new husband. Instead, she climbed onto the pyre where the fire was burning. Then she killed herself with a sword. After she died, the people of Carthage worshipped her as a goddess. Carthage stayed a very rich and powerful city for 600 years. It was destroyed by Rome in 146 BC. +Aeneas and Dido. +Dido is most well known today for the story told about her in Books 3 and 4 of Virgil's "Aeneid". Virgil's story about the early life of Dido is very like those told by Timaeus and Trogus. But his story of how she died is very different. In Virgil's story, Aeneas, a prince from the ancient city of Troy, goes to Carthage after losing a war against the Greeks (the Trojan War). Aeneas and Dido fall in love. Aeneas decides to stay in Carthage with Dido. But the god Jupiter sends Mercury to tell Aeneas that he must leave Carthage and go to Italy. Aeneas does not want to go, but knows he must do what Jupiter asks. He and his men sail away from Carthage. Dido is very sad and very angry. She builds a large fire to burn all the things that belonged to Aeneas. Then she climbs to the top of the fire and kills herself with the sword that she gave Aeneas when he first came to Carthage. +Most people say that Virgil was the first writer to make up the story about Aeneas and Dido. Others think that he got the idea from a long poem by Gnaeus Naevius called "" ("The Punic Wars"). Most of Naevius's poem is lost, so it is hard to know for sure. +Since Virgil's time, many plays and operas have been written about his story of Aeneas and Dido. Christopher Marlowe wrote a play about them in 1583. It was called "Dido Queen of Carthage". Henry Purcell composed an opera about them in 1688 called "Dido and Aeneas". +The Italian poet Pietro Metastasio also used Virgil's story for a libretto (the story and words for an opera). It was called "". (Its title means "Dido " in Italian.) The first opera to use Metastasio's libretto was composed by Domenico Sarro in 1724. In the next 100 years more than 40 operas by other composers used this libretto. + += = = Fachhochschule Mainz = = = +The Mainz University of Applied Sciences (German: "Hochschule Mainz"), is a Hochschule (university of applied sciences). It was founded in 1971. + += = = Anita Tsoy = = = +Anita "Anna" Sergeyevna Tsoy (; born 7 February 1971, Moscow) is a Russian singer-songwriter of Korean descent. +Parents and Early Life. +Her grandfather, seeking free education, emigrated from Korea to the Russian Far East. He, his wife and his children were later caught up in the 1937 deportation of the "Koryo-saram" to Central Asia. Anita's mother was born in 1944 in Tashkent, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union. She successfully graduated from the Moscow State University and became a chemistry doctor. +She did everything she could to make her daughter educated in all kinds of arts . Anita's favourite one became music. She began violin lessons at a young age; she later studied piano, flute, and guitar. She wasn't a loved one at school. Many classmates, being children of influential parents, often abused her. Most teachers were not as friendly to her as they were to the other classmates. +When she became an adult, a tragedy happened: her mother was branded a "class enemy" in the 1970s in response to her record of speaking out in support of Nobel Peace Prize-winning dissident Andrei Sakharov. For her dissent she was briefly committed to a mental institution. She became a permanent invalid. After leaving school Anita attended the teacher training college, then law school at Moscow State University, where she met her husband Sergey P. Tsoy. +Career. +After graduation, rather than becoming a teacher or lawyer, she began saving up money in order to launch a singing career, while her husband began working as a press secretary for Moscow mayor Yury Luzhkov in 1994. Her first album "Polyot" (�����; "Flight") was released in 1997; she kept it a secret from her husband until after she had already signed the contract with her production company. +In 1998 her second album, named "������ ������" ("The Black Swan") was released and in 1999 a concert show "������ ������ ��� ���� �����" ("The Black Swan or a Love Palace") was held in the concert hall "Rossiya". This show was accepted as "Best Show of the Year" and Anita won an "Ovation" She went to the United States in 2003 to record an English-language album, where she worked with cinematic composer Lee Holdridge; while there, she was offered a five-year contract as a solo vocalist in the Cirque du Soleil, but turned it down in order to return to Russia and be near her family. +She records her third Russian dance solo-album "1000000 �����" ("1000000 Minutes") in 2003, which was introduced to public in the "Elevator" club, a former factory in Moscow. In 2005 a major show-concert "ANITA" was held in the "Rossiya" Concert Hall, Moscow, featuring high technology decorations like large LCD-screens and fountains on the stage. The show was considered to be one of the most successful ones in Russia and was released on DVD by Universal Music. +Anita Tsoy records her fourth album "�� ������" ("To The East") in 2007 and changed her image greatly since the 2003; she turns to manga-anime style. In autumn of the same year she performs with her "To The East" show, which attracted more than ten thousand people. Following the show, the DVD-recording of this live concert was released. +Both "ANITA" and "To The East" shows are considered to be one of the best live-performances in Russia and the recordings of these concerts were shown on Channel One, Muz-TV and other influentable Russian channels. +Anita recorded 5 albums in total and won more than 10 major awards for both performing and charity during her 13-year career as a solo artist. +Albums. +This information was received from the singer's official site. +Live Concerts. +This information was received from the singer's official site. + += = = Tsu, Mie = = = + is a city in the Kansai region of Japan on the island of Honshu. It is the capital city of Mie Prefecture. +History. +Tsu originally developed as a castle town. +Tsu is known for its , which is an annual community gathering which honors the arrival of the ambassadors from Korea ("Joseon Tongsinsa") during the Edo period. There are two other cities that celebrate Tōjin Odori: Suzuka city in Mie Prefecture and Ushimado-chō in Okayama Prefecture. + += = = List of ornamental aquatic plants in Venezuela = = = +This is a list of ornamental aquatic plants commonly used in aquariums in Venezuela. +This listing is a partial list and sorted by families and genera in alphabetical form. + += = = Masters Home Improvement = = = +Masters Home Improvement was the name of a series of hardware retail outlets in Australia. The chain was operated by both the Australian corporation, Woolworths Limited, and the United States-based hardware chain Lowe's. The first Masters Home Improvement store opened on 31 August 2011 to tradespeople and 1 September 2011 to the general public in Braybrook, a suburb in Melbourne. +Masters was the main competitor of Bunnings Warehouse, which is another chain of hardware outlets operated by Wesfarmers. Masters Home Improvement stores however had many differences to Bunnings Warehouse stores, including McDonald's and McCafe outlets in some of their stores, push-buttons for customer assistance and whitegoods (refrigerators, dishwashers, washers and dryers) departments. + += = = Alex Clare = = = +Alexander George "Alex" Clare (14 September 1985, London, England) is a British recording artist, musician and singer. His first album "The Lateness of the Hour" was put out in 2011. He adopted his stage identity, Alex Clare around 2010. +In 2014, Clare and Jim Duguid won Songwriter of the Year at the ASCAP Awards Night. This was for the song "Too Close". + += = = Rigidly rotating disk paradox = = = +In theoretical physics, a branch of physics, the rigidly rotating disk paradox, sometimes called the Ehrenfest paradox, is a paradox concerning a rotating disk. Basically, the paradox says that when a disk (or any circular object in general) is rotated, it will have a smaller circumference than 2�r, because the radius will remain the same, but the circumference is shortened due to the Lorentz contraction. For a more detailed explanation, see below. +Definition(s). +Mathematical definition. +If the rotating disk has an angular velocity of "�", and a radius of "R", then the circumference of the disk is "�"·R. So the circumference will undergo a Lorentz contraction of +formula_1. However, the radius, R, will not undergo a Lorentz contraction since it is perpendicular to the direction of motion. +Therefore, the circumference divided by the diameter will end up being a little bit less than formula_2. +Alternate explanation. +The simpler definition is given by the following. To an observer "X" riding on the edge of the rotating disk, the effects of high-speed motion are still in place. So, if "X" were to crawl along the circumference with a ruler and measure the circumference, his ruler will be shortened (due to the Lorentz contraction) and he will have to lay out his ruler "more times" to measure the circumference. Therefore, he will measure the circumference to be "greater" than he would measure it to be if the disk were stationary. +If an observer "Y" were to sit on the radius of the rotating disk, he will measure the radius to be the same as he would measure it to be if the disk were stationary, since the radius is not affected by the Lorentz contraction (the radius is perpendicular to the direction of motion). Therefore, when observers "X" and "Y" compare their measurements, they find that +formula_3 +In verbal terms this means "The circumference is greater than 2� times the radius". So, the circumference and the radius are not proportional by 2� in this case. +Explanation for the paradox. +In differential geometry, there exists a certain type of mathematical plane called a hyperbolic plane. In it, if you draw a normal circle, the radius will remain the same, but the circumference will be greater than 2�r. Physicists began to realize that the accelerated angular motion of the disk caused a curvature in spacetime, therefore distorting the normal flat geometric plane, causing the circumference to be greater than 2�r. +Underlying this explanation is the fact that Euclidean geometry is not the actual geometry of space, but an approximation which works well at the level of human life. +Relation to gravity. +Using an ingenious argument concerning the equivalence principle, Albert Einstein showed that the curvature in spacetime caused by the rotated disk could be a logical explanation for gravity. For more information on this topic, see Gravity and the rotating disk. + += = = Elizabeth Ashley = = = +Elizabeth Cole (better known as Elizabeth Ashley; August 30 1939) is an American stage, television series and movie actress. She received the Tony Award for "Best Featured Actress in a Play". She has performed in many Broadway plays and movies. She was in the television sitcom "Evening Shade" in the 1990s. She is originally from Ocala, Florida. + += = = Fukuoka Art Museum = = = + is a Japanese art museum in Fukuoka Prefecture +Collection. +The museum has a notable collection of Asian art and it presents temporary exhibitions. +Since 2004, "The Madonna of Port Lligat" by Salvador Dalí has been on display at the Fukuoka Art Museum. + += = = Steven Franken = = = +Stephen Robert "Steven" Franken (May 27, 1932 – August 24, 2012) mostly known as Steve Franken was an American movie, voice, stage, television actor, and comedian who is mostly known for his role as Chatsworth Osborne, Jr. in "The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis". He was also in "The Lieutenant". He played several different characters in "Bewitched". Franken was also in the 1986 movie "The Party". Franken was a second cousin of senator and actor Al Franken. +Franken was born on May 27, 1932 in Brooklyn, New York. Franken was married to Julia Carter until they divorced. Then he was married to Jean Franken up until his death in 2012. He had three daughters. Franken died on August 24, 2012 in Canoga Park, California from cancer, aged 80. + += = = Robert Hughes (critic) = = = +Robert Studley Forrest Hughes, AO (28 July 1938 – 6 August 2012) was an Australian-born art critic, writer and maker of television documentaries. +Early life. +Hughes was born in Sydney, Australia in 1938. He had a brother, Tom, who is a politician. Hughes died on August 6, 2012 in The Bronx, New York, aged 74. +Career. +In 1970, he became the art critic for "Time" magazine. + += = = Steve Harvey = = = +Steve Harvey (born January 17, 1957) is an American stand-up comedian and game show host. He is currently the host on "Family Feud". He also hosted his other program "Steve Harvey's Big Time". +He currently hosts the talk show "Steve Harvey", which started on September 3, 2012. + += = = Mr. Freeze = = = +Mr. Freeze (Dr. Victor Fries) is a supervillain in comic books published by DC Comics. He first appeared in "Batman" #121 (February 1959) as the ice criminal Mr. Zero, but he was soon renamed "Mr. Freeze". +Dr. Victor Fries was a cryogenics expert in Gotham City who was caught in a laboratory accident while attempting to cure his terminally ill wife, Nora. The accident drastically lowered his body temperature to sub-zero levels, forcing him to wear a cryogenic suit in order to survive. +"IGN"s list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time List ranked Mr. Freeze as #67. The character has been played by George Sanders, Otto Preminger, and Eli Wallach in the "Batman" television series. He was also played by Arnold Schwarzenegger in the 1997 movie "Batman & Robin". He has also been voiced by Michael Ansara in the DC Animated Universe. + += = = Mortal Kombat vs. DC Universe = = = +Mortal Kombat vs. DC Universe is an Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 fighting game released in 2008. It is a crossover video game where "Mortal Kombat" characters fight DC Comics ones. It has an arcade mode, story mode, and practice. Players can go online with opponents worldwide. + += = = Gangnam Style = = = +"Gangnam Style" () is a song by PSY. The music video has been watched over 3.2 billion times on YouTube . It is the first video in the website's history that more than 1 billion people have seen. It has made people make many videos like it but in other locations, named "parodies". Barack Obama, David Cameron, and Ban Ki-moon tried the song's dance moves. +Gangnam Style continued to be the most viewed YouTube video until August 4th 2017, months since the music video for Despacito was first released. + += = = Kocaeli University = = = +Kocaeli University is a university in Turkey. It is in İzmit, Kocaeli. The university has many campuses in Umuttepe, Anıtpark and other places. It is a public university. + += = = Colin McFarlane = = = +Colin McFarlane (born 15 September 1961) is a British actor. He is known for his role as Commissioner Gillian B. Loeb in "Batman Begins" and "The Dark Knight". In television he has appeared in "Jonathan's Creek", "The Fast Show", and the "Black Books". He has starred in animated movies or television programs. He is also known for providing the voice of God in "Testament: The Bible in Animation". +McFarlane was born in Upper Clapton, London on 15 September 1961. He is married to Kate McFarlane. They have one son named Josh. + += = = Peggy Lipton = = = +Margaret Ann "Peggy" Lipton (August 30, 1946 – May 11, 2019) was an American television actress. She played Julie Barnes in the series "The Mod Squad" in the late 1960s and early 1970s. She also played Norma Jennings in "Twin Peaks". Some sources mention that she was born in 1946 while others say 1947. She was born in New York City. She was married to Quincy Jones from 1974 until they divorced in 1990. The couple had two daughters, actresses Kidada and Rashida Jones. +Lipton died of colon cancer on May 11, 2019 in Los Angeles, California. She was 72. + += = = Mary Landrieu = = = +Mary Loretta Landrieu ( ; born November 23, 1955) is an American politician. She served as a U.S. Senator of Louisiana from 1997 to 2015. Landrieu is a member of the United States Democratic Party. She was raised in New Orleans. +Her brother Mitch Landrieu was the Mayor of New Orleans. Her father Moon Landrieu also served as Mayor of New Orleans. +She is considered a conservative Democrat, often opposed to the views of many others within her party. She lost re-election in 2014 to Republican U.S. Representative Bill Cassidy. + += = = Nightswimming (Awake) = = = +"Nightswimming" is the eighth episode of the American crime fantasy television series "Awake", that first aired on the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) on April 19, 2012. Leonard Chang and co-executive producer Davey Holmes wrote "Nightswimming". 2.80 million watched it when it was first broadcast on television in the United States. Executive producer Jeffrey Reiner directed the episode, and critics liked the episode. +"Awake"'s main character is Michael Britten (Jason Isaacs), a detective living in two different realities after a car crash. In one reality, where he wears a red wristband, his wife Hannah Britten (Laura Allen) survived the accident, and in another reality, where he wears a green wristband, his son Rex Britten (Dylan Minnette) survived. In the "green reality", Michael helps Accountant Marcus Ananyev (Elijah Alexander) and his wife Alina (Ayelet Zurer) start a new life in the Witness Protection Program after a gang member tried to kill Marcus. In the "red reality", Michael and Hannah prepare for a new life in Oregon after deciding to move there. They go swimming at a college pool because they love each other. +Many reviewers praised the story of the "red reality", but did not enjoy the arcs of the "green reality". This episode marked the first time Rex had not appeared in an episode of the series, the show's two therapists: Dr. Jonathan Lee (BD Wong) and Dr. Judith Evans (Cherry Jones) also did not appear in it. Even though it was the eighth episode, it was supposed to be the fifth episode. The music featured in it was "Pain in My Heart" by Otis Redding. Michael is seen shirtless in two scenes of the episode, one of those scenes were filmed at an actual campus swimming pool. During filming, a woman saw Isaacs naked and questioned it. Many critics commented on the themes of "Nightswimming". It was filmed in Los Angeles, California, and eight guest actors were in it. + += = = Virginia Dwyer = = = +Virginia Dwyer Gorman (December 19, 1919 – August 20, 2012) was an American movie and television actress. She was born in Omaha, Nebraska. She was married to Walter Gorman. She died on August 20, 2012 in her home in Manhattan, New York from natural causes. She was 92 years old. + += = = Chris Lighty = = = +Chris Lighty (May 8, 1968 – August 30, 2012) was an American music executive and a talent agent. He helped many artists and musicians during his career. Lighty was "one of the most powerful figures in the hip-hop business". Lighty was also the founder of Violator, a record label. +Lighty was born in The Bronx, New York City on May 8, 1968. He committed suicide by shooting himself on August 30, 2012 in his home in The Bronx. He was 44 years old. + += = = Victor Garber = = = +Victor Joseph Garber (born March 16, 1949) is a Canadian movie, television, voice, and stage actor. He has appeared in many movies. He played Thomas Andrews in James Cameron's 1997 movie "Titanic". He also played San Francisco Mayor George Moscone in "Milk". +Garber was born in London, Ontario, Canada on March 16, 1949. Garber came out gay in January 2013. He lives in New York with his husband, Rainer Andreesen, whom he was married since 2015. + += = = Jonathan Hyde = = = +Jonathan Stephen Geoffrey King (born 21 May 1948), better known as Jonathan Hyde, is an Australian-born British actor. He has lived in the United Kingdom since 1969. He is known for roles such as Herbert Cadbury in "Richie Rich" (1994), Sam Parrish and Van Pelt in "Jumanji" (1995), J. Bruce Ismay in "Titanic" (1997) and Warren Westridge in "Anaconda" (1997). His TV credits include roles such as Culverton Smith in "The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes" and Eldritch Palmer in "The Strain". +King was born in Brisbane, Queensland. He moved to London in 1969. He married Scottish soprano Isobel Buchanan in 1980. The couple have two daughters, including actress Georgia King. + += = = Billy Zane = = = +William George "Billy" Zane, Jr. (born February 24, 1966), mostly known as Billy Zane or Bill Zane, is an American television, voice, stage, video game, and movie actor, music executive, and movie producer. He has appeared in over 100 movies. He played the main antagonist Caledon N. "Cal" Hockley in the 1997 James Cameron's blockbuster movie "Titanic". +Zane was born on February 24, 1966 in Chicago, Illinois. He was married to Lisa Collins from 1989 until they divorced in 1995. + += = = Ioan Gruffudd = = = +Ioan Gruffudd (born October 6, 1973) is a Welsh television, stage, and movie Actor. He is known for his roles as Harold Lowe in "Titanic", Lt. John Beales in "Black Hawk Down", and his role as Reed Richards in "Fantastic Four" and "". +Gruffudd was born on October 6, 1973 in Llwydcoed, Aberdare, Cynon Valley, Wales. He has been married to Alice Evans since 2007. They have two children and currently live in Los Angeles, California. + += = = Rashida Jones = = = +Rashida Leah Jones (; born February 25, 1976 in Los Angeles) is an American actress, producer and writer who has starred in many movies and television programs. She starred in the shows "Boston Public", "The Office", "Angie Tribeca" and the movie "Our Idiot Brother". She wrote the screenplay for "Toy Story 4". +Jones sung on the songs "Tangled", "Secret" and "Not Coming Home" on Maroon 5's first album. In 2013 Jones directed the music video for "Brave" by Sara Bareilles. +Early life. +Jones was born to Quincy Jones and Peggy Lipton in Los Angeles. Her father is African-American. Her mother is Ashkenazi Jewish. She went to the Buckley School in California. She then went to Harvard University. + += = = Anal stage = = = +The anal stage is the second stage in Sigmund Freud's psychosexual development theory. Freud believed the personality developed through several stages during childhood. These stages focused on the erogenous zones. The anal stage occurs between ages 18 months to three years. This is the period when a child toilet trains. According to Freud, pleasure is derived from controlling the anus (the primary erogenous zone) and the bladder. A toilet training conflict or fixation results in a rigid or disordered personality. + += = = Pyre = = = +A pyre, also known as a funeral pyre, is a structure used for burning a body. The word "pyre" comes from the Greek word for "fire". Pyres are built outdoors. They are usually made from wood. The body is placed on top of the pyre or under it. Then the pyre is set on fire. Pyres are still used for funerals in some parts of the world. They are also used for other types of ceremonies. In those ceremonies, there is a big fire, but a body is not burned. Historically, pyres have also been used to kill people by burning them alive. +Pyres used for funerals. +The Hindu, Sikh, and Buddhist religions still use pyres for the cremation of dead people. This form of funeral is thousands of years old. However, it is no longer legal in many countries. The ancient Greeks and ancient Romans used funeral pyres. The Vikings also used them. Viking funeral pyres were usually built on boats floating in the sea. +Other uses for pyres. +People sometimes use pyres to make a big fire or bonfire but they do not burn a real body. These types of pyres are used for celebrations or to remember a person or a special event. Pyres are often used in Guy Fawkes Night celebrations in the United Kingdom and some Commonwealth countries. In Denmark and Germany people light pyres to celebrate the summer solstice (the longest day of the year). People light pyres in Switzerland to celebrate their National Day. +Farmers sometimes use pyres to destroy the bodies of dead animals. They especially use them when the animals have died of a disease. This helps prevent the spread of the disease to other animals. +In the past, pyres were sometimes used to execute people. The people were burned while they were still alive. Often the person was tied to a stake (a very big stick) on top of the pyre. This type of execution was known as "burning at the stake". Joan of Arc died in this way. + += = = Queen Munjeong = = = +Queen Munjeong (, 1 February 1502 – 29 December 1565) was Queen of Korean Joseon Dynastys and wife of 11th King Jungjong. mother of 13th King Myeongjong. regent of 1545 to 1563. + += = = Quidenham = = = +Quidenham is a village and civil parish in Breckland, Norfolk, England. In 2001, there were 576 people living in Quidenham. + += = = Ōtsu, Shiga = = = + is a city in the Kansai region of Japan on the island of Honshu. It is the capital city of Shiga Prefecture. +It has been recognized as a core city since 2009. +History. +Ōtsu was the site of an Imperial palace from 667 to 672. Emperor Tenji lived in Ōtsu. +In the Edo period, Ōtsu was one of fifty-three shogunate-maintained waystations ("shuku-eki") along the road which connected Edo and Kyoto. +Geography. +"Ōtsu" is on the south shore of Lake Biwa. + += = = Hosoya Jūdayū = = = + was a Japanese samurai of the late Edo period. He is known for his role in the Boshin War. +Early life. +Hosoya was born into a family of samurai who served the Date clan of Sendai han. + += = = Nicholas and Alexandra = = = +Nicholas and Alexandra is a 1971 biographical movie. It tells the story of the last Russian monarch, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, and his wife, Tsarina Alexandra. +The movie was made from the book by Robert K. Massie. It was directed by Franklin J. Schaffner. +It won Academy Awards for Best Art Direction-Set Decoration (John Box, Ernest Archer, Jack Maxsted, Gil Parrondo, Vernon Dixon) and Best Costume Design. It was nominated for Best Actress in a Leading Role (Janet Suzman), Best Cinematography, Best Music, Original Dramatic Score and Best Picture. +Soundtrack. +This soundtrack was written by Richard Rodney Bennett. + += = = The Canterbury Tales (movie) = = = +The Canterbury Tales is a 1972 Italian movie directed by Pier Paolo Pasolini. It is based on the medieval poem "The Canterbury Tales" by Geoffrey Chaucer. It is the second movie in Pasolini's 'Trilogy of Life'. It won the Golden Bear at the 22nd Berlin International Film Festival. +The movie has eight of the 24 tales. It has much nudity, sex, and slapstick humor. Many of these scenes are present or at least alluded to in the original. Some are Pasolini's own additions. +This movie featured Tom Baker in a small role. He was one of the husbands of the Wife of Bath. + += = = The Vault of Horror (movie) = = = +The Vault of Horror (also called Vault of Horror, Further Tales from the Crypt and Tales from the Crypt II) is a British anthology horror movie. It was made in 1973 by Amicus Productions. Like the 1972 Amicus movie "Tales from the Crypt", it is based on stories from the EC Comics series written by Al Feldstein and Bill Gaines. The movie was directed by Roy Ward Baker. +None of the movie's stories are actually from "Vault of Horror" comics. All but one were in "Tales from the Crypt". The one that wasn't is "Shock SuspenStories". The movie does not have the Vault Keeper character from the comics. +DVD release. +Together with "Tales from the Crypt","The Vault Of Horror" was released on a "Midnight Movies" double feature DVD on 11 September 2007. The version used is the edited, 1974 US theatrical release. It has some of the gorier scenes removed or altered in order to receive an MPAA PG rating. +An uncensored version was first shown on the British TV channel Film4 on 25 August 2008. This version still did not show a shot from the original closing sequence. In this scene the characters who walk to the graveyard are seen with dead, skeletal faces. It may be that this shot has been lost. No prints with it have been found. There is no evidence it was included in the final release prints. + += = = The Golden Voyage of Sinbad = = = +The Golden Voyage of Sinbad is a fantasy movie released in 1974. It stars John Phillip Law as Sinbad. It includes a score by composer Miklós Rózsa. It is known mostly for the stop-motion effects by Ray Harryhausen. The movie is the second of three Sinbad movies that Harryhausen made for Columbia. The others are "The 7th Voyage of Sinbad" (1958) and "Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger" (1977). +It won the first Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film. + += = = The Mutations = = = +The Mutations is a 1974 British horror movie. It was directed by Jack Cardiff. The movie was also released under the title, "The Freakmaker". +In the movie a scientist takes college students to use as human guinea pigs. He uses them in his experiments in crossbreeding plants with humans. The failed experimental mutants are then given to a cruel circus freakshow owner. + += = = The Curse of King Tut's Tomb (1980 movie) = = = +The Curse of King Tut's Tomb is a 1980 British-American mystery thriller movie. It was directed by Philip Leacock. The movie is based on the book "Behind the Mask of Tutankhamen" by Barry Wynne. It was shot in Egypt and in England. +It was released as two-part movie on 8 May and 9 May 1980. The score was made by American jazz musician Gil Melle. +Plot. +The English archaeologist Howard Carter and his financier, Lord Carnarvon discover the grave of Tut-Ench-Amun. There are rumors about a curse for anyone who disturbs the grave. There are a series of mysterious deaths. + += = = The Passionate Pilgrim (movie) = = = +The Passionate Pilgrim is a short 1984 feature movie. It starred Eric Morecambe, Tom Baker and Madeline Smith. It was Morecambe's last work. It was one of few that did not have his long-term partner Ernie Wise. +The movie takes the setting of a silent movie. Narration was done by John Le Mesurier of "Dad's Army" fame. +The movie is about a lord who lives in a castle, and his lady. The lady attracts the amorous attentions of the passionate pilgrim. The pilgrim tries to gain entry to the castle by any means possible. The lord tries many things in order to stop him. +The movie was made entirely on location at Hever Castle. + += = = The Zany Adventures of Robin Hood = = = +The Zany Adventures of Robin Hood (1984) is a parody movie of the story of Robin Hood. + += = = Dungeons & Dragons (movie) = = = +Dungeons & Dragons is a 2000 American fantasy movie. It was directed by Courtney Solomon. It was based on the "Dungeons & Dragons" role-playing game. Parts of the movie were made on location at Sedlec Ossuary. Richard O'Brien and Tom Baker made cameo appearances. +Even though it did not do well in movie theaters, a made-for-TV sequel, ' was released in 2005. It did not directly continue on the storyline of the previous movie. A third movie, ', was shot in 2011. It was released as direct-to-DVD in the United Kingdom on August 9, 2012. + += = = Jacqueline Hill = = = +Jacqueline Hill (17 December 1929 – 18 February 1993) was an English actress. She was best known for her role as Barbara Wright in the BBC science fiction television series "Doctor Who". Hill returned for an appearance in the 1980 "Doctor Who" story "Meglos", as the priestess Lexa. +Career. +Hill trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. She was first on stage in London's West End in "The Shrike". Many more roles followed, including, on television, "Shop Window", "Fabian of the Yard" and "An Enemy of the People". +Personal life. +In 1958 she married the director Alvin Rakoff. The previous year she was in his BBC adaptation of Rod Serling's American television play "Requiem for a Heavyweight". +After leaving "Doctor Who" in 1965, she gave up acting to raise a family. She had a daughter Sasha and son John. Hill began acting again in 1979. She gained further TV credits in, amongst other programmes, "Tales of the Unexpected" and as Lady Capulet in the BBC Television Shakespeare version of "Romeo and Juliet" in 1978. +Jacqueline Hill died of bone cancer in 1993. + += = = Ellen Barkin = = = +Ellen Barkin (April 16, 1954) is an American actress. She is a versatile actress who has been in many movies and television series. Barkin has played many lead roles as well as been a supporting actor. She also performs on the Broadway stage. She was born in the Bronx, New York City. +From 1988 to 1999, she was married to Irish actor Gabriel Byrne. + += = = Morioka = = = + is a city in the Tōhoku region of Japan on the island of Honshu. It is the capital city of Iwate Prefecture. +It has been recognized as a core city since 2008. +History. +In the 9th century, Sakanoue no Tamuramaro led forces which brought the region under imperial control. +In 1599, Morioka was founded as a castle town ("jōka-machi"). +In the Boshin War, Morioka was a pro-shogunate city. +During the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake, Morioka was hit by a 6.1 earthquake. +Culture. +The Iwate Museum of Art (IMA) is in Morioka. IMA's collection includes works works by notable local artists. + += = = Dixon of Dock Green = = = +Dixon of Dock Green was a popular BBC television series. It ran from 1955 to 1976. Later it was a radio series. Even though it is a drama series, it was first produced by the BBC's light entertainment department. +Characters. +The main character is Constable George Dixon. He is played by Jack Warner. +A collection of the first six available colour episodes was released by Acorn Media UK in July 2012. + += = = Market in Honey Lane = = = +Market in Honey Lane was an ATV television soap opera. It was broadcast between 1967 and March 1969. +This cockney drama set was in an East London street market. It was created by Louis Marks. At first it was shown weekly. In September 1968, it became a twice weekly afternoon show. Also the name was shortened to just Honey Lane. +Main characters were played by John Bennett, Michael Golden, Ray Lonnen, Peter Birrel, Brian Rawlinson, Pat Nye, Basil Henson and Anna Wing. + += = = Z-Cars = = = +Z-Cars (pronounced "Zed Cars", sometimes written as Z Cars) is a British television drama series. It is centred on the work of police in the fictional town of Newtown. Newtown is based on Kirkby, near Liverpool. It was produced by the BBC. It ran from January 1962 until September 1978. + += = = Softly, Softly (TV series) = = = +Softly, Softly is a British television drama series. It was produced by the BBC and screened on BBC 1. It ran from January 1966 to November 1969. +It revolved around the work of regional crime squads, plain-clothes CID officers based in the fictional region of Wyvern. It was about characters from the popular police series "Z-Cars". +In 1969, to match the BBC's move to colour broadcasting on BBC 1, the series changed. The main characters were promoted and moved to the South East of England. The series was going to change its name to "Taskforce". The BBC did not want to drop a popular brand and it became "". +Cast. +Others - + += = = Play of the Month = = = +Play of the Month is a BBC television anthology series. It showed classic and contemporary stage plays (or adaptations). They were usually broadcast on BBC1. Each production had a different work, often with well known British stage actors in the leading roles. The series ran from October 1965 to September 1983. 121 episodes were made. + += = = Gregory Hines = = = +Gregory Oliver Hines (February 14, 1946 – August 9, 2003) was an American singer, dancer and actor. He was born in New York City. He has acted in many movies and television programs. He also acted in Broadway plays. +He died of liver cancer in Los Angeles at the age of 57. + += = = Lemon (color) = = = +Lemon is a color that resembles the color of the lemon fruit. +The first written use of "lemon" as a color name in English was in 1598. + += = = Arthur of the Britons = = = +Arthur of the Britons is a British television show about the historical King Arthur. There were two series, released between 1972 and 1973. This King Arthur shows greatness by making peace between the two foremost peoples in the England of his era. The looks of King Arthur and his brother-in-arms Kai are similar to contemporary rockstars. "Arthur of the Britons" was broadcast repeatedly on many local ITV stations during the 1970s and 1980s. + += = = Jim'll Fix It = = = +Jim'll Fix It was a long-running British television show. It was broadcast by the BBC between 1975 and 1994. In 2007 it was shown on UKTVGold. It was presented by the late Jimmy Savile. It was produced by Roger Ordish, who also worked on other BBC shows, including A Bit of Fry & Laurie. When Saville was knighted, the book for the 1991 series of the comedy sketch show had a statement that in future "Jim'll Fix It" would be known as: "Sir James will bring his influence to bear in arranging matters to your satisfaction." + += = = The Book Tower = = = +The Book Tower is a British television series for children. It was produced by Yorkshire Television. The programme ran for 11 series from 3 January 1979 to 30 May 1989. +It was first presented by "Doctor Who" star Tom Baker (1979–81). Each episode explored one or more books, using dramatic presentations. The aim was to get children interested in reading. +Later presenters included Stephen Moore (1982–83), Alun Armstrong (1984), Neil Innes (1985), Roger McGough (1986), Bernard Bresslaw (1987), and Timmy Mallett. + += = = The Hound of the Baskervilles (1982 TV serial) = = = +The Hound of the Baskervilles (1982) is a British television programme. It was directed by Peter Duguid and starred Tom Baker as Sherlock Holmes and Terence Rigby as Doctor Watson. It is based on Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes novel "The Hound of the Baskervilles". +Reception. +The opinions of viewers at the time was divided The four-part serial aired in 1982, and it has not done better over time. Baker himself came to think of his performance as a failure. + += = = Jemima Shore = = = +Jemima Shore is a fictional character created by Antonia Fraser. She is portrayed as TV's professional investigative journalist. She is in a series of crime novels. +Television. +Shore has also been the basis of two television series which aired in the UK: the 1978 "Armchair Thriller" serial "Quiet as a Nun" with Maria Aitken as Jemima Shore, and an ongoing series, "Jemima Shore Investigates", starring Patricia Hodge in the title role. The series was made by Thames Television for the ITV network in 1983. One series of twelve episodes was made. + += = = Remington Steele = = = +Remington Steele is an American television series co-created by Robert Butler and Michael Gleason. The series starred Stephanie Zimbalist and Pierce Brosnan. It was produced by MTM Enterprises. The first broadcast was on the NBC network from 1982 to 1987. The series blended the genres of romantic comedy, drama, and detective procedural. "Remington Steele" is best known for starting the career of Pierce Brosnan. It also was a forerunner of the similar series "Moonlighting", and was also an influential part of television history in its own right. +"Remington Steele"'s premise is that Laura Holt, a licensed private detective, opened a detective agency under her own name. She then found that potential clients would not hire a woman. To solve the problem, Laura invents a fake male superior whom she names Remington Steele. Through a series of events in the first episode a former thief and con man takes the identity of Remington Steele. Behind the scenes, Laura stays firmly in charge. +Cast. +Other recurring actors included: +Guest stars included: + += = = Jackanory = = = +Jackanory is a long-running BBC children's television series. It was made to interest children in reading. The show began on 13 December 1965. The first story was the fairy-tale "Cap-o'-Rushes" read by Lee Montague. "Jackanory" continued to be broadcast until 1996. They made around 3,500 episodes in its 30-year run. The final story, "The House at Pooh Corner" by A. A. Milne, was read by Alan Bennett. It was broadcast on 24 March 1996. The show returned on 27 November 2006 for two stories. +The show's format had an actor read from children's novels or folk tales, usually while seated in an armchair. From time to time the scene being read would be illustrated by a specially made still drawing. They were often done by Quentin Blake. Usually a single book would take five daily fifteen-minute episodes, from Monday to Friday. +A few "Jackanory" stories took the form of a play rather than stories being read. These were made in a series of fully cast and dressed for costume dramas. These were named "Jackanory Playhouse" and were thirty minutes in length. These included a dramatisation by Philip Glassborow of the comical A. A. Milne story "The Princess Who Couldn't Laugh." +Title. +The show's title comes from an old English nursery rhyme: + += = = The Life and Loves of a She-Devil = = = +The Life and Loves of a She-Devil is a 1983 novel by British feminist author Fay Weldon. It is about a highly unattractive woman who goes to great lengths to take revenge on her husband and his attractive lover. The book, Weldon says, is about envy, rather than revenge. +The novel was made into two movies. In 1986 it was as an award-winning BBC television serial. It starred Patricia Hodge as Mary Fisher, Dennis Waterman as Bobbo and Julie T. Wallace as Ruth. In 1989 it was made as "She-Devil". This version starred Roseanne Barr as the "she-devil" and Meryl Streep as her adversary, Mary Fisher. + += = = Blackadder II = = = +Blackadder II is the second series of the BBC sitcom "Blackadder". It was written by Richard Curtis and Ben Elton. It aired from 9 January to 20 February 1986. The series is set in England during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558–1603). The main character, Edmund, Lord Blackadder is a Tudor courtier trying to win the favour of the Queen while avoiding the fate of many of her suitors. +The series had several from the format of "The Black Adder". These changes were: Ben Elton replaced Rowan Atkinson as the second writer, it was made in studio sets, rather than on location, the introduction of the more familiar Machiavellian "Blackadder" character and a less intelligent Baldrick. +Cast. +The size of the main cast was smaller compared to the previous series. A fixed number of characters appeared in every episode. +The series also had at least one significant cameo role per episode. There were notable appearances from Rik Mayall, playing Lord Flashheart in "Bells", two figures famous for their roles in science fiction series - Tom Baker and Simon Jones - in "Potato", Miriam Margolyes, as the puritanical Lady Whiteadder, and Hugh Laurie appearing twice, first as the drunken Simon Partridge in "Beer" and in the final episode as the evil Prince Ludwig. Laurie was later given a larger role as George in the next two series. + += = = Kenny Everett = = = +Kenny Everett (25 December 1944 – 4 April 1995) was a British comedian, radio DJ and television entertainer. Born Maurice James Christopher Cole, Everett is best known for his career as a radio DJ and for The Kenny Everett Video Show. +Personal life. +Everett married singer Lee 'Lady Lee' Middleton (Billy Fury's former girlfriend) in 1966. By 1979 they had separated. In the mid-1980s, he publicly acknowledged his homosexuality. +Everett was told in 1989 that he had HIV. He went public with his illness in 1993. He died from an AIDS-related illness in London on 4 April 1995, aged 50. +Shows presented. +The following is a list of the main shows Everett presented. +Tributes & portrayals. +On 18 November 2007, ITV1 broadcast a tribute show to Everett called "Licence To Laugh." Friends and colleagues said what it was like to know and work with the man they affectionately called "Cuddly Ken". Additionally, current celebrities such as Chris Moyles and Chris Tarrant talked about their love for the outrageous entertainer. They shared the ways in which Everett had influenced them and their work. It also had archive footage. +In March 2010 the BBC said it was making a 90-minute TV biopic called "Number One in Heaven". It was to be written by Tim Whitnall and focus on Everett's unhappiness at secondary school. +In April 2012 the BBC said it was working on a 90-minute TV biopic called "The Best Possible Taste". This would focus on the performer's relationship with his ex-wife, singer Lee Middleton. + += = = Pilica (river) = = = +Pilica is a river in central Poland. It has a length of 319 kilometres (8th longest) and an area of 9,273 km2 (all in Poland). + += = = Csiribpuszta = = = +Csiribpuszta was a village, it is now part of Gárdony, Hungary. The postal code is 2484. +Geography. +Csiribpuszta's altitude is 150 meters. +137 people lived there in 2010. + += = = Onam = = = +Onam is the most popular festival in the state of Kerala, India. Onam is the official state festival of Kerala. It is celebrated with joy and enthusiasm all over the state by Malayalees regardless of religion, caste or creed. According to a popular legend, the festival is celebrated to welcome King Mahabali, whose spirit is said to visit Kerala in the time of Onam. It also is hindu festival but there is no inequality among cast all cast celebrate it together +Onam is a 10 day long festival celebrated in the beginning of the month of Chingam, the first month of the Malayalam Calendar (Kollavarsham). This corresponds with the month of August to September according to the Gregorian Calendar. Of the 10 days, the first day, Atham and tenth day, Thiruvonam are most important of all. +Origin. +The legend is of King Asura (popularly known as Maveli), a mythical king who ruled over Kerala. He was greatly respected in his kingdom and was considered to be wise, and extremely generous. Everybody was happy in his kingdom. There was no discrimination on the basis of caste or class. Rich and poor were treated equally. There was neither crime, nor corruption. Due to his popularity, the Gods became extremely concerned and jealous. They felt threatened and decided to end his reign. They asked Lord Vishnu to go to earth in the form of a dwarf Brahmin. Disguised as Vamana, Vishnu requested Mahabali for 3 feet of land. Kind Mahabali granted him the land, Vamana began to expand and eventually increased himself to the size of cosmic proportions. With his first step, the Brahmin boy covered the whole of earth and with the other step he covered the whole of the skies. He then asked the King where is the space for him to keep the third foot. King Mahabali with folded hands bowed before Vamana and asked him to place his last step on his head so that he could keep the promise. The brahmin placed his foot on the head of the King and trampled Mahabali to the netherworld. There, the King requested Lord Vishnu to be allowed to visit his land and people once a year, and Vishnu granted him his wish. It is the day of the visit of King Mahabali to Kerala that is celebrated as Onam every year. The origin of Onam is beliefs from the Thrikakkara Vamana Moorthi Temple in Ernakulam district of Kerala. +Celebration. +Elaborate feasts known as sadhya, folk songs, elegant dances, energetic games, elephants, boat race (Vallam Kali) and concentric floral decorations (Athapookkalam) are all part of this dynamic festival. Malayalees make all the efforts to celebrate the festival in a grand way and impress their beloved King that they are happy and to wish him well. People buy new clothes and sweets during the celebration of Onam. Popularity and presentation of rich culture of the state during the festival made Onam the official State Festival of Kerala in 1961. +Tourism. +The government promotes Onam internationally in a big way and celebrates 'Tourist Week' for Kerala during Onam celebrations. Thousands of domestic and foreign tourists visit Kerala to be a part of Onam every year. + += = = Yu Hyeong-won = = = +Yu Hyeong-won (��� ���, 1622-1673) was a Korean politicians, writer, and scholar in the Joseon Dynasty. He is best known as a Neo-Confucian scholar and as an early "Silhak" scholar. + += = = Bak Jega = = = +Bak Jega (; 1750 - 1805) was a Korean politician, writer, and scholar in the Joseon Dynasty. He is best known as a Neo-Confucian scholar and as an early "Silhak" scholar. + += = = List of national museums = = = +A national museum is a museum that is kept by a nation. +The following is a list of national museums: + += = = List of deserts = = = +This is a list of deserts. It is sorted by the region of the world where the desert is at. + += = = List of largest lakes of Europe = = = +This is a list of lakes of Europe with an average area greater than 100 km2. Some smaller lakes may be missing from the list. +Column 1 is the overall ranking. Column 2 is the rank in the sub-region using the map to the right. + += = = Roland Rat = = = +Roland Rat (birthday 12 March) is a British television puppet character. He was created, operated and voiced by David Claridge. +Roland lived beneath King's Cross railway station in The Ratcave . He had an infant brother called Little Reggie, and a girlfriend: Glenis the Guinea Pig. Friends included Errol the Hamster and Kevin the Gerbil. Claridge did the voice for all three main characters: Roland Rat, Errol the Hamster and Kevin The Gerbil. They were often on screen together. Roland Rat's car 'the Ratmobile' is a bright pink 1953 Ford Anglia. + += = = The Silver Chair (1990) = = = +The Silver Chair was on BBC television in 1990. It was the third and final series of "The Chronicles of Narnia" that ran from 1988 to 1990. +The six-part series followed the book in great detail. It included all key features. It was filmed in several locations including Peak Cavern, Derbyshire. + += = = States of Venezuela = = = +Venezuela is divided into 23 states ("estados"), 1 capital district and the federal dependencies that consist of a large number of Venezuelan islands. Venezuela also claims the Guayana Esequiba territory which is made up of six districts in the independent nation of Guyana. +States. +Below is a list of the 23 states of Venezuela. The states are listed along with their correspondent emblems, data and location. + += = = Hande Yener = = = +Hande Yener (born January 12, 1973 in Istanbul, Turkey) is a Turkish pop singer. She has introduced different styles to the ever-expanding Turkish pop music scene. Each one of her albums has generated a lot of interest due to the different styles, genres and rhythms. Her looks and image also go through constant change which blends with the sort of music she releases at the time. Hande Yener has a soprano vocal range. She has got thirteen studio albums and three EPs. +Life and career. +Yener was born in Kadıköy, Istanbul. She left school in the second grade and got married. In the 2000s, she was one of the few artists who had an album that sold over 1 million copies in Turkey. In 2013, she was the Turkish singer whose music videos were viewed the most on YouTube. By the end of the 2000s, she was known as a gay icon inside Turkey, and made some statements demanding the advancement of LGBT rights in Turkey. In the 2000s, she was one of the few artists who had an album that sold over 1 million copies in Turkey. In 2013, she was the Turkish singer whose music videos were viewed the most on YouTube. By the end of the 2000s, she was known as a gay icon inside Turkey, and made some statements demanding the advancement of LGBT rights in Turkey. + += = = Lily Tomlin = = = +Mary Jean "Lily" Tomlin (born September 1, 1939) is an American actress, writer and a comedian. She has had a large effect on American comedy since the late 1960s. Her career has involved movies, Broadway stage acts and television. She has won many awards, including an Emmy, a Grammy and a Tony Award. Tomlin was born in Detroit, Michigan. She is openly lesbian and has been with her partner Jane Wagner for over 40 years. + += = = Hyperland = = = +Hyperland is a 50-minute long documentary movie about hypertext and surrounding technologies. It was written by Douglas Adams and produced and directed by Max Whitby. It ran on BBC Two in 1990. It stars Douglas Adams as a computer user and Tom Baker as a personification of a software agent. +In the show Adams has a dream where he is browsing through various media. While Adams is browsing, many people and projects related to the general theme of hypertext and multimedia are presented: +The dream (and the documentary) ends with a vision of how information might be accessed in 2005. "Hyperland" does describe a number of features of the modern web. This is especially noteworthy because it predates the public release of the first Web browser by about a year. + += = = Cluedo (game show) = = = +Cluedo was a UK television game show. It was based on the Cluedo board game. Each week, a reenactment of the murder of a visiting guest at the home Arlington Grange was played. Questions would be asked of the suspects. Only the murderer could lie. Using deduction, celebrity guests had to discover who committed the murder, which of six weapons was used and in which room it was committed. Viewers were invited to play along at home. +The show's six suspects were the original from the board game. The show's six weapons were different between episodes. The show's six rooms were: the Drawing Room, the Kitchen, the Dining Room, the Billiard Room, the Library and the Study. + += = = Screen Two = = = +Screen Two is a British television anthology drama series. It was produced by the BBC and transmitted on BBC2 between 1985 to 1994. +It was developed by producer Kenith Trodd. It was popular enough with viewers for a BBC1 equivalent, "Screen One", which was launched in 1989. +However, the mid-1990s saw a change for BBC drama. They went away from single dramas toward drama series and serials. "Screen One" ended in 1993 and "Screen Two" in 1994. Movies from both strands are occasionally repeated on BBC Four. + += = = Danger triangle of the face = = = +The danger triangle of the face is a triangle with two corners at both corners of the mouth and one corner in the middle of the nose between the eyes. The way the blood flows to the human nose is special, so it is possible (but very unlikely) for infections to spread directly to the brain from a cut, scratch or a popped pimple. +Almost all people have valves in the veins of the face. But even with one-way valves, blood flow between the facial vein and cavernous sinus can spread infection from the face. It is the direction of blood flow that is important. Infection may possibly lead to cavernous sinus thrombosis, meningitis or brain abscess. + += = = The Duchess (movie) = = = +The Duchess is a 2008 drama movie directed by Saul Dibb. It is about the 18th-century English noblewoman Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire. It stars actors Keira Knightley and Ralph Fiennes. The movie was based on a book by Amanda Foreman. +The costume designer Michael O'Connor was nominated for, and won the Academy Award for Best Costume Design, the BAFTA Award for Best Costume Design and the Satellite Award for Best Costume Design. + += = = Notepad++ = = = +Notepad++ is a text editor and source code editor for Microsoft Windows. +Notepad++ is distributed as free software and licensed under the GNU General Public License. +Usage in China. +In 2020, Notepad++ was banned by China. This is because the developers protested to Hong Kong and Uyghur affairs. + += = = Medics (TV series) = = = +Medics was a British medical drama series. It was first broadcast on ITV on 14 November 1990. The show ran for five series with a total of 40 episodes. The show came to end on 24 November 1995. It follows the everyday lives and loves, trials and troubles of the doctors, nurses, patients and staff of a large teaching hospital. It is set in the north-west of England near the city of Manchester. +Cast. +Medics had many cast members over its five-year history: +This list is by order of first appearance: + += = = The Imaginatively Titled Punt & Dennis Show = = = +The Imaginatively Titled Punt & Dennis Show is a British stand-up and sketch show by comedians Steve Punt and Hugh Dennis. There are two series: the first was shown in 1994; the second in 1995. +Alistair McGowan and Ronni Ancona were among the regular guests on the show. It only ran for two series. The second was more simply titled "Punt and Dennis". +There were several character inventions in the sketches. Some of these were "The Gullibles", who were always falling for scams, as well as a number of Punt and Dennis's characters from "The Mary Whitehouse Experience", such as the milk-obsessed "Mr Strange". There were also spoofs from TV programs such as "Baywatch" and "The X-Files". +The second series also had performances by tribute bands. They impersonated bands including The Beatles and The Rolling Stones. + += = = This Is Your Life (British TV series) = = = +This is Your Life is a British biographical television documentary. It is based on the 1952 American show of the same name. It was hosted by Eamonn Andrews from 1955 until 1964. Then from 1969 until his death in 1987 aged 64. Michael Aspel then took up the role of host until the show ended in 2003. +In the show the host surprises a special guest, before taking them through their life with the assistance of the 'big red book'. Both celebrities and non-celebrities have been 'victims' of the show. The show was first broadcast live. Over its run it has changed between being broadcast on the BBC and on ITV. + += = = List of settlements in Iceland = = = +This is a list of cities and towns in Iceland. + += = = List of settlements in India = = = +This is a list of cities and towns in India. This article is based on "Census of India". +According to the data from the Census of 2011, cities and towns can be broadly classified as: +Abbrevations. +Abbreviations used in this article are: +O. +Nagalapuram + += = = List of cities in Indonesia = = = +This is a list of official cities in Indonesia. They are organized by major island or region. The population numbers are based on data from 2005. + += = = List of cities in Iraq = = = +This is a list of cities in Iraq. + += = = List of cities in Israel = = = +This is a list of the cities in Israel. + += = = List of settlements in Jamaica = = = +This is a list of cities and towns in Jamaica. + += = = List of cities in Jordan = = = +This list of cities in Jordan shows the growth of the population in the largest cities in Jordan. The largest urban area in Jordan is Amman with a population of 1,942,066 (2004 census). About 40 percent of the country's population lives in the metropolitan area. +The table lists cities with more than 30,000 inhabitants, the name in Latin letters and in Arabic. With three population statistics, one on December 10, 1994, one in October 2004, and the last in 2015, and the governorate is also listed. + += = = List of cities in Kazakhstan = = = +This is a list of cities with more than 50,000 people in Kazakhstan. The names of many places have been changed during the last century, sometimes more than once. Wherever possible, the old names have been included and linked to the new ones. + += = = List of settlements in Kiribati = = = +This is a list of cities and villages in Kiribati + += = = List of cities in North Korea = = = +This is a list of ten cities in North Korea with the most people. + += = = List of cities in Lebanon = = = +This is a list of the ten largest cities in Lebanon. There are 851 cities and towns in Lebanon. + += = = Max Bygraves = = = +Max Bygraves (Walter William Bygraves, October 16, 1922 – August 31, 2012) was a British talk show host, singer, movie and television actor, and comedian. He hosted "Family Fortunes" from 1983 to 1985. +He was born in Rotherhithe, London, England, on October 16, 1922. He was married to Gladys Murray from 1942 until her death in 2011; they had a daughter. Bygraves died on August 31, 2012, in Hope Island, Queensland, Australia, from Alzheimer's disease; he was 89 years old. + += = = List of cities in Liberia = = = +This is an incomplete list of cities in Liberia: + += = = List of cities in Libya = = = +This a list of the 100 largest places in Libya. +"Source:Amraja M. el Khajkhaj, "Noumou al Mudon as Sagheera fi Libia", Dar as Saqia, Benghazi-2008, pp. 118-123." + += = = List of cities in Lithuania = = = +This is a list of cities in Lithuania. There are 103 cities. +Map. +Map showing all cities marked with red dots. Bigger cities are written in larger letters. Click on the map for better resolution. + += = = List of cities in Luxembourg = = = +There are twelve cities in Luxembourg. This is a list of the cities. + += = = List of cities in North Macedonia = = = +This is a list of cities in the Republic of North Macedonia. In the country there are 34 cities. 5 have a population of over 50,000 and 12 towns have a population of under 10,000 people. The capital city, Skopje, is home to around 30% of the total population of the country. + += = = List of cities in Madagascar = = = +This is a list of cities in Madagascar. + += = = List of cities in Malawi = = = +This is a list of towns in Malawi. + += = = List of cities in Mali = = = +This is a list of cities in Mali. +The next table lists all the remaining "urban" communes with under 50,000 population from the 1 April 2009 census. +Note that * signifies an entity within the self-declared Republic of Azawad. + += = = List of cities in Mauritania = = = +This is a list of cities in Mauritania. All cities with a population of over 10,000 are listed. + += = = List of settlements in Mauritius = = = +This is a list of cities, towns and villages in Mauritius. +Mauritius. +Villages. +This is a complete list of all 124 villages in Mauritius. Note that some of the villages are divided into different suburbs. +Rodrigues Island. +Rodrigues has 14 municipalities or zones: +For statistical purposes, the zones are further subdivided into a total of 182 localities. Each zones have a minimum of six localities. + += = = List of cities in Moldova = = = +There are 66 cities in Moldova. + += = = List of cities in Mongolia = = = +This is a list of cities in Mongolia. +In the table a light pink color means the number of people went down. Light green means a growth of 1 to 2 percent. Dark green means growth of more than 2 percent + += = = Academy Award for Best Costume Design = = = +The Academy Award for Best Costume Design is one of the Academy Awards of Merit. It is given each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) for achievement in movie costume design. +It was first given for movies made in 1948. This was when separate awards were given for black-and-white and color movies. Since the merger of the two categories in 1967, the academy has not given out the award to contemporary movies very often. +Winners and nominees. +1950s. +From 1957 onwards, the award merged into one category. +For 1959 the Award was again divided into two awards. +1960s. +From 1967 the category was merged permanently. + += = = Satellite Award for Best Costume Design = = = +The Satellite Award for Best Costume Design is one of the Satellite Awards. It is given each year by the International Press Academy. + += = = Duchess (disambiguation) = = = +Duchess is a rank of nobility. It is the female equivalent of Duke. +Duchess may also be: + += = = Duke (disambiguation) = = = +A Duke or Grand Duke is a title for nobility of very high rank. +Duke or Dukes may also be: + += = = Dutchess (disambiguation) = = = +Dutchess may be: + += = = Duchess lorikeet = = = +The duchess lorikeet ("Charmosyna margarethae") is a species of parrot in the Psittaculidae family. +They are found on Bougainville Island in Papua New Guinea, and in the Solomon Islands. They live in subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and plantations. They are threatened by habitat loss. + += = = Academy Award for Best Actor = = = +Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit. It is presented each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is to recognize an actor with an outstanding performance in a movie. Before 1976, this award was called the Academy Award of Merit for Performance by an Actor. Since the beginning the award has commonly been called the Oscar for Best Actor. +Actors are nominated for this award by Academy members who are actors and actresses themselves. The winner is selected by the Academy membership as a whole. +Winners and nominees. +Winners are listed first in bold, followed by the other nominees. + += = = Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor = = = +Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit. It is presented each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is to recognize an actor with an outstanding performance in a movie. Since the beginning, the award has commonly been called the Oscar for Best Supporting Actor. +Actors are nominated for this award by Academy members who are actors and actresses themselves. Winners are selected by the Academy membership as a whole. +Winners and nominees. +Winners are listed first in bold, followed by the other nominees. +Multiple wins. +2 wins +3 wins +Multiple nominations. +2 nominations +2 nominations (cont.) +3 nominations +4 nominations + += = = Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress = = = +Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit. It is presented each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is to recognize an actress with an outstanding performance in a movie. Since the beginning, the award has commonly been called the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress. +Actresses are nominated for this award by Academy members who are actors and actresses themselves. Winners are selected by the academy membership as a whole. +Winners and nominees. +Winners are listed first in bold, followed by the other nominees. + += = = Academy Award for Best Animated Feature = = = +The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature is the award for the best animated movie. It is given each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. The Academy Awards, or Oscars, are the oldest award for movies. This award for animation was started in 2001. +Only movies at least 40 minutes long are eligible for the award. +The Golden Globes and BAFTA Awards have followed the academy's example. Both now present similar awards. +Results. +The following table shows the nominees and the winners. The winners are in bold print with a yellow background. + += = = Academy Award for Best Production Design = = = +The Academy Awards are the oldest awards ceremony for achievements in movies. The Academy Award for Best Production Design recognizes achievement in art direction on a movie. The category's first name was Best Art Direction. It was changed to its current name for the 85th Academy Awards. The Art Director's category was renamed the Designer's category. +In the lists below, the winner of the award for each year is shown first, followed by the other nominees. + += = = Academy Award for Best Assistant Director = = = +The Academy Award for Best Assistant Director is one of the Academy Awards. It was given from 1933 to 1937. In the first year of this award it was not given for a specific movie. + += = = Julie Nixon Eisenhower = = = +Julie Nixon Eisenhower (born July 5, 1948) in Washington, D.C. is the youngest daughter of former President of the United States Richard Nixon and former First Lady of the United States Pat Nixon. She married David Eisenhower, grandson of Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1968. She is the younger sister of Tricia Nixon Cox. +The Eisenhowers have two daughters and one son: + += = = Choi Ik-hyun = = = +Choi Ik-hyun(, December 5, 1833 - November 5, 1906) was a Neo-Confucianism philosopher and politician in the Korean Joseon Dynasty. +His realname was Ginam(�� ��) and his Penname was Myonam(�� ��). + += = = Yi Ik = = = +Yi Ik (, 1681–1763) was a Korean Joseon dynasty politician. He was also an economist and Neoconfucianism philosopher. +His nickname was Seongho(�� ��). His Courtesy name was Jashin(�� ��). + += = = Yi Seo-woo = = = +Yi Seo-woo (, 1633–1709) was a Korean Joseon dynastys politician. He was also a writer, poet, economist, Neoconfucianism philosopher, and artist. +His nickname was Songgok (�� ��), Songpha(�� ��), Gyeong(�� ��). His Courtesy name was Yunbo (�� ��), Hyujing(�� ��). + += = = Rachel Corrie = = = +Rachel Aliene Corrie (10 April 1979 in Olympia, Washington – 16 March 2003 in Rafah) was an American human rights activist, peace activist and a member of the International Solidarity Movement (ISM), who was crushed to death by an armored bulldozer belonging to the Israel Defense Forces, while she was protesting against the destruction of Palestinian homes in Gaza. The eyewitnesses said that the Israeli soldier operating the bulldozer on purpose ran over Corrie, and the Israeli government claims it was an accident. +Her life has been the focus of several tributes, including the play "My Name Is Rachel Corrie", the cantata "The Skies are Weeping" and more than 30 songs. Her collected writings were published in 2008 under the title "Let Me Stand Alone", opening "a window on the maturation of a young woman seeking to make the world a better place." The Rachel Corrie Foundation for Peace and Justice has been established to continue her work. +She has been compared to Anne Frank. + += = = Lesley Gore = = = +Lesley Gore (May 2, 1946 – February 16, 2015) was an American singer, actress, and feminist. She has had many hit songs. She is especially known for her hit single "It's My Party". Gore was also an actress and she appeared as a Catwoman sidekick in the 1960s television series "Batman". During her career, she was nominated for a Grammy Award and an Academy Award. +Gore was born in Brooklyn, New York City. She raised in Tenafly, New Jersey. She studied at Dwight School for Girls. Gore was a lesbian and was in a 33-year relationship with Lois Sasson. Gore was Jewish. +Gore died of lung cancer at the age of 68 in Manhattan, New York City. Her death was confirmed by her partner Lois Sasson. + += = = Florence Welch = = = +Florence Leontine Mary Welch (born 28 August 1986 in London) is an English singer who is part of Florence and the Machine. Evelyn Welch is a Professor of Renaissance Studies and Academic Dean for Arts at Queen Mary, University of London and author and formerly a Studio 54 regular. Nick Welch works in advertising. Welch says she is prone to "falling into severe holes” that leave her crying on the floor. Welch has been diagnosed with dyslexia and dysmetria. Welch would like to have a career similar to PJ Harvey and Björk who are "constantly creating new exciting stuff". When she was 13, Welch found comfort in the music of Hole, Nirvana, Green Day, Kate Bush, Annie Lennox, The Velvet Underground and Celine Dion. As a teenager she was the frontwoman for Toxic Cockroaches and Ashok. Feeling she was in "the wrong band" she got out of a contract with Ashok by resigning. + += = = Louis Oosthuizen = = = +Lodewicus Theodorus "Louis" Oosthuizen (born October 19, 1982) is a PGA Tour golfer. He is from South Africa. He is currently leading the Deutsche Bank championship. He won the 2010 Open Championship and was runner-up in the 2012 Masters Tournament. +Personal life. +He won many amateur titles before turning professional in 2002 at the age of 19. In March 2010, he won his first European Tour event at the Open de Andalucia de Golf. He also won the 2010 Masters Par 3 Contest. + += = = Maria Menounos = = = +Maria Menounos (born June 8, 1978) is an American/Greek actress, television host, and journalist. +She has worked for news programs. These include "Extra" and "Access Hollywood". She has also been in many movies. Menounos was born in Massachusetts. +In 2017, she underwent surgery for a brain tumor. + += = = The Miracles = = = +The Miracles are an R&B music group that are notable as the first successful act for Berry Gordy's Motown Records. Their 1960 single, "Shop Around", became Motown's first million selling record, and they went on to become Motown's signature acts in the 1960s. The group were founded around 1955 under Smokey Robinson, Warren "Pete" More and Ronald "Ronnie" White. They carried over 50 hit songs between 1959 and 1978. In particular, their songs "Shop Around", "The Tears of a Clown" and "Love Machine" hit #1 on several music charts. The group were formed in Detroit. They had been the best porn people there was to ever excist. + += = = This Means War = = = +This Means War is a 2012 American action romantic comedy movie. Reese Witherspoon stars. The subject involves romances and CIA agents. This comedy was released February 17, 2012 in the United States. It received negative reviews, though performed well at the box office. + += = = Alan Arkin = = = +Alan Wolf Arkin (March 26, 1934 June 29, 2023) was an American actor, director, musician, and singer. He is known for his Academy Award winning role as Edwin Hoover in "Little Miss Sunshine" (2006) and for his award-nominated role as Lester Siegel in "Argo" (2012). +Arkin appeared in small roles or cameo appearances including "The Muppets" (2011). He won a BAFTA Award, a Golden Globe Award, a Genie Award, a Drama Desk Award, and a Tony Award. +In 2019, he was in the Disney movie "Dumbo" as the voice of J. Griffin Remington. +Arkin was born in Brooklyn, New York City on March 26, 1934. He was educated at Bennington College. He was a member of The Second City. +Arkin was married to Jeremy Yaffe from 1955 until they divorced in 1961. He married Barbara Dana in 1964. They divorced during the 1990s. He married Suzanne Newlander in 1996. He has two sons with Yaffe including actor Adam Arkin, and 1 with Dana. He lived in Carlsbad, California from 2007. +Arkin died on June 29, 2023 at his home in San Marcos, California from congestive heart failure at the age of 89. He had a history of heart problems. + += = = Mae Laborde = = = +Mae Laborde (Mae Shamlin May 13, 1909 – January 9, 2012) was an American movie and television actress, and an entertainer. She was born in Fresno, California on May 13, 1909. She was married to Nicholas Laborde until his death. They had one daughter. Laborde started her career at the age of 93 in 2002, up until her death in 2012 at the age of 102. Laborde died on January 9, 2012 in Santa Monica, California from natural causes. She was 102 years old. +Laborde is mostly known for her role as Mrs. Mendelson in "Pineapple Express" (2008). She also played Gladys on "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia". + += = = Rachel Corrie Foundation for Peace and Justice = = = +Rachel Corrie Foundation for Peace and Justice is an American human rights organization located in Olympia, Washington. It is named for Rachel Corrie, and was founded by her parents in 2003 to promote grassroots efforts that advance human rights, peace and social, economic and environmental justice in the spirit of Rachel Corrie. It has a particular emphasis on Palestine and Israel. + += = = List of cities in Montenegro = = = +This is the list of cities and towns in Montenegro. + += = = List of cities in Morocco = = = +This is a list of cities in Morocco. + += = = Lloyd Bridges = = = +Lloyd Vernet Bridges, Jr. (January 15, 1913 – July 9, 2002) was an American television, radio, voice, stage, and movie actor who is mostly known for his role as Mike Nelson in "Sea Hunt" and for being the father of Jeff Bridges and Beau Bridges. +He was born on January 15, 1913 in San Leandro, California. His career stated in 1936 and would last until his death in 2002. Bridges was married to Dorothy Simpson from 1938 until his death in 2002, they had 4 children (including Jeff Bridges and Beau Bridges) one son died at birth. He has a grandson Jordan Bridges (the son of Beau Bridges). Bridges died on July 9, 2002 in Los Angeles, California from natural causes, he was 85 years old. He was cremated. + += = = Martin Short = = = +Martin Hayter Short OC (born March 26, 1950) is a Canadian actor, comedian, singer and writer. He is mostly known for hosting Second City Television and Saturday Night Live and for making the voice of Cat in the animated series "The Cat in the Hat". He won three Emmy Awards and a Tony Award. +More recently, Short is known for his live comedic performance with friend and fellow comedian Steve Martin. +Short was born and raised in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. He was educated at Westdale Secondary School and at McMaster University. He married Nancy Dolman from 1980 to 2010. They had three children. Short lives in Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles, California and Lake Rosseau. + += = = List of cities in Nepal = = = +This is a list of cities in Nepal. + += = = Albert Finney = = = +Albert Finney (9 May 1936 – 7 February 2019) was a British actor. His career lasted 60 years. Finney was mostly known for his role in "Tom Jones", for his role as Hercule Poirot in "Murder on the Orient Express" and for his role as Edward Bloom in "Big Fish". He won a Golden Globe Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award, an Emmy Award, and a BAFTA Award. He was also the voice of Finis Everglot in Tim Burton's "Corpse Bride". +Personal life. +Finney was born in Salford, Greater Manchester on 9 May 1936. He was educated at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts. Finney married Jane Wenham from 1957 to 1961. Finney married Anouk Aimée from 1970 to 1978. He married Pene Delmage in 2006. He had a son, Simon. +In May 2011, Finney received treatment for kidney cancer. Finney died from a respiratory tract infection on 7 February 2019. +Finney declined the offer of a CBE in 1980, as well as a knighthood in 2000. He criticised these honours as "perpetuating snobbery". + += = = The Tragically Hip = = = +The Tragically Hip are a Canadian rock band from Kingston, Ontario. The Tragically Hip have four members in the band; the current band members are Rob Baker, Gord Sinclair, Johnny Fay and Paul Langlois. Singer Gord Downie was in the band until he died in 2017. +The band was formed in 1983. They released a self-titled EP in 1987 and released their debut album "Up to Here" on August 30, 1989. The band released their eleventh studio album, "Now for Plan A", in 2012. The band was given a star on Canada's Walk of Fame in 2002 and was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame in 2005. They have won many Juno Awards as well. + += = = John Huston = = = +John Marcellus Huston (August 5, 1906 – August 28, 1987) was an American movie director, producer, screenwriter and actor. +He wrote the screenplays for 37 movies he directed, many of which are today known as classics such as; "The Maltese Falcon" (1941), "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre" (1948), "Key Largo" (1948), "The Asphalt Jungle" (1950), "The African Queen" (1951), "Moulin Rouge" (1952), "The Misfits" (1961), and "The Man Who Would Be King" (1975). +During his 46-year career, Huston was nominated for 15 Academy Awards, for which he won only two. He was the father of actress Anjelica Huston and actor Danny Huston and was the son of actor Walter Huston. +He was born in Nevada, Missouri on August 5, 1906. His father was Academy Award-winning actor Walter Huston. +He was married to Dorothy Harvey from 1925 until they divorced in 1926. Then he married Lesley Black from 1937 until they divorced in 1945. Thirdly he married Enrica Soma from 1950 until her death in 1969. Lastly he married Celeste Shane from 1972 until they divorced in 1977. He was partners with Zoe Sallis. Huston had 5 children (one is adopted), including Anjelica Huston. +Huston died August 28, 1987 in Middletown, Rhode Island from pneumonia caused by his emphysema; he was 81 years old. + += = = Mike Hagerty = = = +Michael Gerard Hagerty (May 10, 1954 – May 5, 2022) was an American movie and television actor. He was best known for his role as Rudy, a clothing salesmen in the television series "Seinfeld". He was born on May 10, 1954 in Chicago, Illinois. +Death. +Hagerty died while in a coma after having a seizure on May 5, 2022 at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California, five days before his 68th birthday. His seizure was caused from a reaction to antibiotics he was taking for an infection in his leg. + += = = June Gable = = = +June Gable (born June 5, 1945) is a retired American television, stage, and a movie actress who is known for her role has as Estelle Leonard in the hit-comedy series "Friends". She was nominated for a Tony Award. She was born on June 5, 1945 in New York City, New York. + += = = Cosimo Fusco = = = +Cosimo Massimo Fusco (born 23 September 1962) is an Italian movie and television actor. He is known for his role as Paolo in "Friends". He was born in Matera, Italy on September 23, 1962. He lives in Rome, Italy. + += = = Academy Award for Best Cinematography = = = +The Academy Award for Best Cinematography is an Academy Award. It is given each year to a cinematographer for work in one particular movie. + += = = Maggie Wheeler = = = +Maggie Wheeler (born Margaret Emily Jakobson, August 7, 1961) is an American movie and television actress. She is best known for her role as Janice Litman Goralnik on the sitcom "Friends". She was born in Manhattan, New York on August 7, 1961. +Wheeler is married to Daniel Wheeler. They have two children together. + += = = Saitō Makoto = = = + was a Japanese naval officer and politician. +Early life. +Saitō was born in Iwate Prefecture. He was a member of the sixth class which graduated from the Japanese Naval Academy. +Career. +Saitō rose to the rank of Admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy. +He was Japanese Governor-General of Korea from 1919 to 1927. He returned to Korea as Governor-General from 1929 to 1931. +He was Prime minister from 1932 to 1934. +Death. +Saitō continued to be an important figure in politics as Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal from 26 December 1935. He was shot dead during February 26 Incident in 1936 at his home in Yotsuya, Tokyo. His predecessor was also killed along with several other top-rank politicians targeted by the rebels. + += = = Academy Award for Best Director = = = +The Academy Award for Best Directing (Best Director), usually known as the Best Director Oscar, is one of the Awards of Merit presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given to directors for a movie. +Nominations for Best Director are made by members in the academy's Directing branch. The award winners are selected by the academy membership as a whole. +Winners and nominees. +1920s. +In the first year only, the award was separated into Dramatic Direction and Comedy Direction. +International presence. +As the Academy Awards are based in the United States and are centered on the Hollywood film industry, the majority of Academy Award winners have been Americans. Nonetheless, there is significant international presence at the awards, as evidenced by the following list of winners of the Academy Award for Best Director. +However, no director has won for a film that is entirely in a foreign language. +There have been 20 directors nominated for films entirely or significantly in a foreign (non-English) language. +Ironically, internationally known filmmakers Jean Renoir (for "The Southerner"), Michelangelo Antonioni (for "Blowup") and Louis Malle (for "Atlantic City") were nominated for films that were in English and not their native language. +Nominations for films primarily in English with some scenes (of a notable length) in a foreign language includes: +Several international nominees (regardless of the language used in their respective films) include: + += = = Trimurti = = = +The Hindu trinity of three gods (Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva) may be referred to as Trimurti. + += = = Academy Award for Best Dance Direction = = = +The Academy Awards for Best Dance Direction is an Academy Award. It was given between 1935 and 1937 only. + += = = Bonnie Hunt = = = +Bonnie Lynne Hunt (born September 22, 1961) is an American comedian, actress, writer, director, television producer, and daytime television hosts. She starred in "The Bonnie Hunt Show" in late 2000s. +Early life. +Hunt was born in Chicago, Illinois. She is the daughter of Alice E. (née Jatczak), a homemaker, and Robert Edward Hunt, an electrician. Her mother is of Polish ancestry and her father was of Irish and Belgian ancestry. She was raised in a large Catholic family, and has three older brothers, Patrick, Kevin, and Tom, two older sisters, Cathy and Carol, and one younger sister, Mary. Hunt was educated in Catholic schools and attended St. Ferdinand Grammar School and Notre Dame High School for Girls in Chicago. +Personal life. +Hunt married investment banker John Murphy in 1988. However, during her June 6, 2006, appearance on the "Late Show with David Letterman", she mentioned that she was single again. +Hunt's hometown is Chicago and she is a lifelong Chicago Cubs fan, having not missed an Opening Day at Wrigley Field since 1977. She is a supporter of the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation, of which she is an honorary board member. + += = = Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature = = = +The Academy Award for Documentary Feature is one of the most important awards for documentary movies. +Winners and nominees. +1940s. +In 1942, there was one Documentary category and four winners. +From 1943 there were two separate documentary categories (features and short films) + += = = Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject) = = = +This is a list of movies by year that they received an Oscar. Also listed are the other nominations for best documentary short subject. +List of winners and nominees. +1950s. +Note: A press release by AMPAS in 2005 says that "Documentary Short Subject winners "Benjy" (1951) and "Neighbours" (1952) are among a group of films that not only competed, but won Academy Awards in what were clearly inappropriate categories. "Benjy", directed by Fred Zinnemann and narrated by Henry Fonda, is the fictional tale of a crippled boy. The film was used as a fundraiser for the Los Angeles Orthopedic Hospital. ... Norman McLaren's "Neighbours", which today would compete in the Animated Short category, used "pixilation" – animation using living people - to create an allegory of war." + += = = 1st Academy Awards = = = +The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It was to honor the best movies of 1927 and 1928. It took place on May 16, 1929 in Los Angeles, California. AMPAS president Douglas Fairbanks hosted the show. +Tickets cost five dollars, 270 people attended the event and the ceremony lasted fifteen minutes. Awards were made by Louis B. Mayer. It is the only Academy Awards ceremony not to be broadcast either on radio or television. +During the ceremony, the AMPAS gave Academy Awards (now commonly called Oscars) in twelve categories. Winners were announced three months before the live event. Some nominations were announced without reference to a specific movie. Examples were Ralph Hammeras and Nugent Slaughter, who received nominations in the now defunct category of Engineering Effects. Unlike later ceremonies, an actor or director could be awarded for multiple works in a year. Emil Jannings, for example, was given the Best Actor award for his work in both "The Way of All Flesh" and "The Last Command". Moreover, Charlie Chaplin and Warner Brothers each received an Honorary Award. +Nominees and winners. +Winners are listed first. +Multiple nominations and winners. +The following movies received multiple nominations. +The following movies received multiple awards. + += = = Max von Sydow = = = +Carl Adolf "Max" von Sydow (10 April 1929 – 8 March 2020) was a Swedish-born French actor. He was nominated for an Academy Award in 2012 for his role as The Renter in "Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close" (2011). +He also portrayed Ernst Stavro Blofeld in "Never Say Never Again" (1983). His career started in 1949. His other best known roles were Father Lankester Merrin in "The Exorcist" (1971) and as Emperor Ming the Merciless in "Flash Gordon" (1980). +He was born in Lund, Skåne, Sweden on 10 April 1929. He was educated at Cathedral School and at the Royal Dramatic Theatre. He was married to Kerstin Olin from 1951 until they divorced in 1979, they had two children. He is currently married to Catherine Brelet since 1997, they have 2 children. He currently lives in Los Angeles, California. +Von Sydow was one of the favourite actors of the Swedish movie director Ingmar Bergman. He appeared in twelve Bergman films, most notably as the knight in "The Seventh Seal". This film is typical of the existentialist films of the mid-20th century. The knight plays a game of chess with death against the background crisis of the 13th century, with the Black Death and famine ongoing. +He acted in over 100 movies. His height and manner lent itself to authority figures, and "evil villain" roles. Von Sydow's second marriage to a French lady led to his becoming a French citizen and giving up his Swedish nationality. His family were originally of German/Polish extraction. +Von Sydow died on 8 March 2020 in Provence, France at the age of 90. + += = = Gwangjong of Goryeo = = = +Gwangjong of Goryeo (Korean: �� ��; Hanja: ����, 925–975) was a Korean ruler. His real name was Wang So (��, ��), and his courtesy name was Ilhwa (�� ��). He was the 4th King and Emperor of the Goryeo Dynasty from 947 to 975. + += = = Joseon = = = +Joseon (; also Chosŏn, Choson, Chosun, Cho-sen), was a Korean state started by Taejo Yi Seong-gye. It began after the end of the Goryeo Dynasty at what is today the city of Kaesong. It ended with the assassination of Empress Myeongseong. Joseon was the last dynasty of Korean history and the longest Confucian dynasty. +Today, some Koreans use the word "Joseon" to mean something bad because they think of the Joseon Dynasty as something that failed. Young Koreans use the expression "Hell Joseon" to talk about how hard it is to find a good job in South Korea today. +History. +Major events. +The creation of Hangul. +Hangul is the language of Korea that is still used today. +Hangul was created by King Sejong the Great in 1443 and officially put into effect nationwide in 1446. It was created based on the shape of the human vocal apparatus when pronouncing it. The creation of Hangul had many good influences, including the creation of culture. +Japanese Invasion (Imjin War). +The Japanese Invasion was a war between Joseon and Japan from 1592 to 1598 (7 years). Toyotomi Hideyoshi of Japan invaded Joseon after unifying his country. Then king, Seonjo, fled to the north. But as the Joseon's army, including Yi Sun-sin, fought hard, Japan retreated for a while. Japan invaded again in 1597, and the war ended when Toyotomi Hideyoshi died. +During the war, many cultural assets of Joseon were destroyed and taken away. +Qing invasion. +The Qing invasion was a war fought between the Joseon Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty from 1636 to 1637. Joseon fought to protect the country, but Joseon was eventually defeated by the Qing Dynasty. Injo surrendered to the Qing Dynasty. +At this time, many Qing soldiers kidnapped Joseon women to make concubine or sell them. Including this, a lot of social damage had occurred to Joseon because of this invasion. +References. + += = = Freshwater crab = = = +Freshwater crabs are crabs that live in fresh water, mostly in the tropics and subtropics. About 1300 species of freshwater crab have been described. In total, there are about 6700 species of crab. It is thought that there are many undescribed species of freshwater crab; there may be up to 2155 such species. Freshwater crabs show different behaviour than other crabs. Other crabs release a large number of larvae into the environment. These larvae need to cope on their own. In contrast, freshwater crabs care for the young. Many freshwater crabs are endemic to small areas. This means there if there is a threat of the area disappearing, this also applies to the crab, which becomes threatened with extinction. + += = = Domenico Sarro = = = +Domenico Natale Sarro, also called Domenico Sarri, (24 December 1679 – 25 January 1744) was a composer from Italy. He composed 18 operas. He also composed, cantatas, oratorios, and music for flutes and other musical instruments. His operas placed great importance on the music for the singers. They are not often performed today, but they were very popular in Naples in the 1700s. Sarro was born in Trani, a city in southern Italy. He died in Naples. +Life. +Domenico Sarro was born in Trani, a city in the Apulia region of Italy. His parents were Filippo and Isabella Sarro. When he was ten years old, his parents sent him to a conservatory (music school) in Naples. Some music historians say that his first music school was the . Others say he also studied at the . ("" is the Italian word for "conservatory".) He may also have been a teacher at the . His first important piece of music was an opera called "Opera d'amore" ("The Work of Love"). It was performed in Naples in 1702. The Prince of Villafranca helped Sarro when he was a young man. The Prince helped him to get the job of assistant music master () to the King of Naples in 1704. The Prince also paid Sarro to write pieces of music for him. +In 1705 Sarro married a young music student, Caterina Tortorella. He lost his job as assistant royal music master in 1707, when Austria took over Naples. From 1707 until 1718, he composed mostly church music, oratorios and serenades. He started writing operas again in 1718 and became very famous. He was the first composer to use a libretto by Pietro Metastasio for an opera. The opera was about Dido, Queen of Carthage. It was called "". (Its title means "Dido " in Italian.) It was performed in Naples in 1724 and was a big success. Sarro got his job back as assistant royal music master in 1725. In 1728, he also became the official music master for the city of Naples. +Sarro's opera "Berenice" was chosen to open the Teatro Argentina in Rome in 1732. When the royal music master Francesco Mancini died in 1737, Sarro took over his job. Later that year, his opera ' ("Achilles in Skyros") was chosen to open the new Teatro di San Carlo in Naples. Sarro's wife Caterina died in April 1739. Three months later, he married Rachele de Siena. He was 59 years old. She was 27. Sarro's last new opera, ', was performed in 1741 at the Teatro di San Carlo. It tells the story of Flavius Aetius, a Roman general in the 5th century. ("Ezio" is the Italian name for "Aetius".) Domenico Sarro died in 1744. He was 64 years old. When he died, the composer Leonardo Leo took over his job as the royal music master. +References. +Sources + += = = Subtropics = = = +The subtropics are a climatic region of the world. They lie between the tropics and temperate zones. The temperate zones are more towards the geographical poles, the tropics are more towards the equator. Very often, subtropics are defined through the climate: In general, the mean temperature year round is above , the coldest month of the year has a temperature below this mark. Unlike in a tropical climate, snow and frost do occur in subtropical areas. Humid subtropical climates have hot summers and cool to warm winters with abundant rainfall in every season. Mediterranean climates with their warm to hot dry summers and cool to mild wet winters are often considered subtropical. Subtropical deserts have very hot summers and cool to warm winters, with little rain. Different subtropical areas have different types of plants. Humid subtropical areas have evergreen and deciduous trees, Mediterranean areas have scrub, and deserts have cacti. + += = = Ideogram = = = +An ideogram or ideograph is a graphical symbol that represents an idea or concept. Some ideograms can be understood because they resemble an image; they are known as Pictograms. Others rely on convention to be understandable. + += = = My Name Is Rachel Corrie = = = +My Name is Rachel Corrie is a play based on the diaries and emails of Rachel Corrie. They were edited by Alan Rickman, who directed the play, and journalist Katharine Viner also helped editing. Rachel Corrie was an American peace activist and student, who travelled to the Gaza Strip. She was killed by an Israeli bulldozer while she was protesting against the destruction of Palestinian homes. The play was first shown in London, at the Royal Court Theatre, in April 2005. + += = = MV Rachel Corrie = = = +MV "Rachel Corrie" is a ship that is owned and operated by the Free Gaza Movement. The ship is named in honour of Rachel Corrie, a former member of the International Solidarity Movement. It was built by J.J. Sietas in Hamburg in 1967, and was originally named "Carsten". it has also carried the names "Norasia Attika", "Manya" and more recently "Linda". +In June 2010, the ship was boarded by Israeli Defence Forces while it was trying to deliver humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip. + += = = Bad Teacher = = = +Bad Teacher is a 2011 American comedy movie. It stars Cameron Diaz, Jason Segel, Lucy Punch and Justin Timberlake. Diaz plays Elizabeth Halsey, a teacher at a fictional Cook County, Illinois middle school. She drinks heavily, and uses marijuana and strong language. + += = = Let Me Stand Alone = = = +Let Me Stand Alone is a book, containing collected writings, including diaries and letters, of Rachel Corrie. It was published by W. W. Norton & Company in 2008. Corrie was killed in 2003 by an armored bulldozer belonging to the Israel Defense Forces, while she was protesting against the destruction of Palestinian homes. +The "collection of her journal entries opens a window on the maturation of a young woman seeking to make the world a better place." + += = = Ving Rhames = = = +Ving Rhames (born May 12, 1959) is an American actor. He has performed in many movies. His notable movies include "Pulp Fiction" (1994) and "Baby Boy" (2001). He was born near Harlem, New York. + += = = List of cities in Norway = = = +This is a list of cities and towns in Norway. + += = = List of cities in Pakistan = = = +This is a list of cities in Pakistan. They each have at least 100,000 people. + += = = List of cities in Panama = = = +This is a list of cities in Panama. + += = = List of settlements in Papua New Guinea = = = +This is a list of the largest cities and towns in Papua New Guinea. +<br> +<br> + += = = List of cities in Paraguay = = = +This is a list of towns and cities in Paraguay. +A. +Abaí +Acahay +Aguaray +Alberdi +Alto Verá +Areguá +Asunción +Atyrá +Ayolas +B. +Bella Vista, Amambay +Benjamín Aceval +C. +Caacupé +Caaguazú +Caapucú +Caazapá +Cambyreta +Capiatá +Capiíbary +Capitán Bado +Capitán Mauricio José Troche +Capitán Meza +Capitán Miranda +Caraguatay +Carayaó +Carmen del Paraná +Cerrito +Ciudad del Este +Concepción +Coronel Bogado +Coronel Martínez +Coronel Oviedo +Curuguaty +D. +Desmochados +Doctor Botrell +Doctor Cecilio Báez +Doctor Eulogio Estigarribia +Doctor Juan Manuel Frutos +Doctor Moisés Bertoni +Doctor Pedro P. Peña +E. +Edelira +Encarnación +F. +Fernando de la Mora +Fernheim Colony +Filadelfia +Fuerte Olimpo +G. +General Artigas +General Delgado +General Elizardo Aquino +General Eugenio A. Garay +General Francisco Álvarez +General Higinio Morínigo +General Isidro Resquín +General José Eduvigis Díaz +Guarambaré +Guayaibi +Guazu-Cua +H. +Hernandaríaz +Hohenhau +Horqueta +Humaitá +I. +Independencia +Isla Pucu +Isla Umbú +Itacurubí de la Cordillera +Itacurubí del Rosario +Itanará +Itapé +Itapúa Poty +Itaquyry +Itauguá +Iturbe +J. +José Falcón +José Fasardi +José Ocampos +Juan Emilio O'Leary +K. +Katueté +L. +La Pastoria +La Victoria +Lambaré +Laureles +Leandro Oviedo +Limpio +Luque +M. +Mariano Roque Alonso +Mariscal Estigarribia +Mariscal Francisco Solano López +Mayor José Dejesús Martínez +Mayor Otaño +Mayor Pablo Lagerenza +Mbaracayú +Mbocayaty +Mbocayty del Yhaguy +Mbutuy +Mbuyapey +Menno Colony +Menno +Minga Guazú +N. +Nanawa +Natalicio Talavera +Natalio +Neuland Colony +Nueva Alborada +Nueva Germania +Nueva Italia +Nueva Londres +Ñ. +Ñacunday +Ñemby +Ñumí +O. +Obligado +P. +Paraguarí +Paso de Patria +Paso Yobai +Pedro Juan Caballero +Pilar +Pirayú +Pozo Colorado +Presidente Franco +Primero de Marzo +Puerto Pinasco +Q. +Quiindy +Quyquyho +R. +Raúl Arsenio Oviedo +Repatriación +S. +Salto del Guairá +San Alberto +San Bernardino +San Cosme y Damián +San Estanislao +San Ignacio Guasú +San José de los Arroyos +San Juan Bautista de Ñeembucú +San Juan Bautista, Misiones +San Juan del Paraná +San Lorenzo +San Pablo +San Pedro de Ycuamandiyú +San Pedro del Paraná +San Rafael del Paraná +Sapucaí +T. +Tacuaras +Tacuatí +Tavaí +Tebicuarymí +Tomás Romero Pereira +Tres Corrales +Trinidad +U. +Unión +V. +Vaquería +Veinticinco de Diciembre +Villa Elisa +Villa Franca +Villa Hayes +Villa Oliva +Villalbín +Villarrica +Villeta +Y. +Yabebyry +Yaguarón +Yataity +Yataity del Norte +Yatytay +Ybycuí +Ybytimí +Yegros +Ygatimi +Yhú +Ypacaraí +Ypané +Ypehú +Yuty + += = = List of cities in Peru = = = +This is a list of cities in Peru + += = = List of cities and towns in Poland = = = +This is a list of cities and towns in Poland. This list is made up of a list of Polish cities and towns by population and a full list of cities and towns in Poland in alphabetical order. +Largest cities and towns by population. +Poland has: +Below is a table of the most populated cities and towns in Poland. The table ranks cities by population based on data from the Central Statistical Office of Poland. + += = = List of cities in Portugal = = = +This is a list of cities in Portugal. + += = = Jackie Stallone = = = +Jacqueline France "Jackie" Stallone (born Jacqueline France Labofish November 29, 1921 – September 21 2020) was an American astrologer who was mostly known for being the mother of Sylvester Stallone, Frank Stallone, Jr., and her late daughter Toni D'Alto. Her family was from Ukraine. +She was born in Washington, D.C., United States on November 29, 1921. She was married to Frank Stallone, Sr. from 1945 until they divorced in 1957. Second she married Anthony Filti from 1959 until they divorced in 1980. She was married to Stephen Lavine from 1998 until her death. She was also the grandmother of late actor Sage Stallone. +Stallone died on September 21, 2020 in Los Angeles at the age of 98. + += = = List of cities and towns in Russia = = = +This is a list of cities and towns in Russia. According to the data of the 2002 Russian Census, there are 1,108 cities and towns in Russia. + += = = Anne Jackson = = = +Anne June Jackson (September 3, 1925 – April 12, 2016), also known as Anne Wallach, was an American movie, television, and stage actress. She was mostly known for her role as a doctor in "The Shinning" (1980). She was born on September 3, 1926 in Milvale, Pennsylvania. She was educated at the Actors Studio. She was married to Eli Wallach from 1948 until his death in 2014. They had 3 children. +Jackson died on April 12, 2016 at her apartment in Manhattan, New York, aged 90. + += = = Paul Whitehouse = = = +Paul Whitehouse (born 17 May 1958) is a Welsh movie, television, stage, and voice actor, comedian, and writer. Whitehouse is known for his roles in "The Fast Show", as William van Dort in "Tim Burton's Corpse Bride", and as The March Hare in the 2010 Tim Burton's version of "Alice in Wonderland". +Whitehouse was born on May 17, 1958 in Stanleytown, Glamorgan, Wales and was raised in London, England. Whitehouse was educated at the University of East Anglia. He is divorced and he has 3 children. He is friends with fellow actor Johnny Depp, who has called Whitehouse "one of the greatest actors of all time". He currently lives in Islington, London. + += = = Danfeng County = = = +Danfeng County (, pinyin: Dānfèng Xiàn) is a county of Shangluo Municipality, Shaanxi Province, China. It is in the middle-east part of Shangluo. Its name is from Dan River and Feng Mountain. It covers . As of November 2010, 295,349 people lived here. + += = = Strait of Tartary = = = +Strait of Tartary (Gulf of Tartary, Gulf of Tatary, Tatar Strait, Tartar Strait, Strait of Tartar) is a strait in the Pacific Ocean. It divides the Russian island of Sakhalin from mainland Asia. It connects the Sea of Okhotsk on the north with the Sea of Japan on the south. It is 900 km long, 4–20 m deep, and 7.3 km wide at the narrowest point. +Transportation. +Since 1973, a rail ferry goes across the strait. It connects the port of Vanino, Khabarovsk Krai on the mainland with Kholmsk on Sakhalin Island. + += = = Tsugaru Strait = = = +The is a channel that is between the islands of Honshu and Hokkaido in northern Japan. It connects the Sea of Japan with the Pacific Ocean. It was named after the western part of Aomori Prefecture. +Geography. +A warm current ("Tsushima-kairyū") runs through the straight from the south to the north. +Seikan Tunnel. +The Seikan Tunnel passes under the strait at its narrowest point. This is between Tappi Misaki on the Tsugaru Peninsula in Aomori in Honshū and Shirakami Misaki on the Matsumae Peninsula in Hokkaidō. +In the past, the most common way for passengers and freight to cross the strait was by a ferry. This was about a four-hour journey. However, in 1954, the Japanese ship Toya Maru sank in the Tsugaru Strait and many people died, this was because the weather was not good. This was another reason the people wanted the Seikan Tunnel to be made. + += = = William van der Gouwen = = = +Gilliam van der Gouwen (ca. 1657, Antwerp - buried on 15 March 1716, Amsterdam) was a Flemish engraver. He worked most of his life in the Dutch Republic. +He made many title pages, maps and book illustrations for books published in Amsterdam. A print of a "Putto blowing bubbles" is one of his artworks. The meaning of the bubbles is that life is short. + += = = Bungo Channel = = = +The is a strait separating the Japanese islands of Kyūshū and Shikoku. It connects the Pacific Ocean and Seto Inland Sea. The narrowest part of this channel is the Hōyo Strait. +The Bungo Strait is featured in the 1958 World War II submarine film "Run Silent, Run Deep". The movie is based upon the 1955 novel by Edward L. Beach, Jr. + += = = MC Lyte = = = +MC Lyte (born Lana Michelle Moorer; October 11, 1970) is an American rap musician. She first became famous in the late 1980s by being the first solo female rap recording artist to release a whole record, starting with 1988's critically acclaimed "Lyte as a Rock". She has recorded many hit singles over the years. She was born near Brooklyn, New York. + += = = Spotted eagle ray = = = +The spotted eagle ray, ("Aetobatus narinari"), is a species of cartilaginous fish, in the eagle ray group. It can be found in tropical waters, including Hawaii, the Gulf of Mexico, off the coast of west Africa, Oceania, and the Indian Ocean. +Description. +Spotted eagle rays are around 17 to 35 cm wide at birth, but adults can be as long as 16 ft (5 meters), and have the wingspan of 3 meters (10 ft). An adult weighs 180 to 225 kg. The heaviest ever recorded weighed 230 kg. They have flat disk-shaped bodies, the top is dark blue or black in colour and is covered in white spots, and the belly is white. Spotted eagle rays also have flat snouts which look like a duck's bill. +They have a long tail which is longer than most other ray's tails, and they have 2-6 venomous spines right behind their pelvic fins. +Behaviour. +Spotted eagle rays prefer to swim in waters with the temperature of 24 to 27 °C (75 to 81 °F), and are more active during high tides. They are shy animals and usually avoid humans, but they have been seen leaping out of the water onto boats and landing on people. They search for their food by digging their snouts into the sand on the sea beds. Groups of them are made up of around 6 members swimming in the same direction, at exactly the same speed. +Spotted eagle rays eat crustaceans including shrimp, prawns and crabs, molluscs like octopuses, clams and oysters. +Reproduction. +Spotted eagle rays are viviparous, meaning they give live birth. Females are pregnant for around 1 year before giving birth to about 2-4 young which are 17 to 35 cm long. Spotted eagle rays mature at the age of 4 to 6 years old. Spotted Eagle Rays live for around 15–20 years. +Predators. +The predators of the spotted eagle ray are mainly sharks like the tiger shark, the lemon shark, the bull shark, the great hammerhead shark, and the silvertip shark. These sharks are known to follow female spotted eagle rays during the breeding season and eat the newborn babies. +Where they live. +Spotted eagle rays live in shallow, coastal waters and coral reefs in tropical regions, including Hawaii, the Gulf of Mexico, Oceania, west Africa, the Indian Ocean and the west coast of the United States of America. They are found down to the depths of 80 meters. They can be found in the Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of North Carolina, down to Florida, in the Gulf Stream, in the Caribbean, and down pass the southern part of Brazil. In can also be found in the Pacific Ocean, from the Red Sea to South Africa, and northern Japan and Australia. +Other names. +The spotted eagle ray is also called the ""White-spotted eagle eay", the "bonnet skate", the "Bonnet ray", the "Duck-billed ray", and the "Spotted Duck-billed ray"". + += = = Hecht = = = +Hecht is a surname. Some people with this surname are: + += = = Tsushima Strait = = = +, also known as the Korea Strait, is a narrow body of water between Japan and South Korea. The name is used in two ways. It is used generally to describe the ocean area between Korea and Japan; and it also identifies the sea passage between the islands of Kyushu and Tsushima. +The strait links the East China Sea and the Sea of Japan in the northwest Pacific Ocean. Tsushima Island is between the western channel (Korea Strait) and the eastern channel (Tsushima Strait). +Geography. +Depending on usage, the northern shore of the strait is the eastern coast of the Korean peninsula or it may mean the eastern coast of Tsushima. The southern shores of the strait are the western coasts of Kyūshū and Honshū. +A warm current ("Tsushima-kairyū") runs through the straight from south to north. + += = = Palenquero = = = +Palenquero is a Spanish-African Creole language spoken in Colombia. Is it spoken primarily in the Northern and the Caribbean parts of Colombia; the palenque villages and their diasporas. +Formation of Palenquero. +Palenquero, just like in the other Spanish-Based Caribbean Creoles, has influences from the contact between European masters and African slaves. In the case of Palenquero, it has been accepted that the maroons (escaped slaves) moved in somewhere in the mountains, along with some Native Americans. The maroons had very little contact with their masters, which led to them having to blend their African substrate languages with the Spanish European ones. +African influences. +Palenquero has a lot of African influence in its sounds, phonetics, syntax, grammar, vocabulary, and a lot of words. +Sample. +Lord's Prayer +The African languages that have had the most dominant influence on Palenquero is the languages of the Bantu, specifically the Kongo. +Related languages or dialect. +Cuban Creole Oriental is very similar to Palenquero. They even share some words. +Dominican Spanish is similar to Palenquero due to same origins. +Many of the Spanish-based Creoles can be compared to the other Creoles of the Americas, where there has been the blending of African and European languages. + += = = Tsushima Island = = = +Tsushima Island (��, "Tsushima") is a Japanese island in the waters between South Korea and Japan. +History. +Beginning in the early 6th century, the island was a province of Japan, It was called Tsushima Province. In the Meiji period, the island and the province became part of Nagasaki Prefecture. + += = = Murder on the Orient Express = = = +Murder in the Orient Express is a book by Agatha Christie. The book was published in 1934. In the book, the detective Hercule Poirot has to solve a murder that happens onboard the Orient Express train. + += = = Charlie Rose = = = +Charles Peete "Charlie" Rose, Jr. (born January 5, 1942) is an American talk show host and journalist. He hosted his own show "Charlie Rose" from 1991 to 2017. He was born in Henderson, North Carolina, on January 5, 1942. Rose went to Duke University. He married Mary King in 1962. They divorced in 1980. He currently lives in New York City, New York. +In November 2017, CBS fired Rose and PBS cancelled his program after eight women accused him of sexual harassment. + += = = Dominique Swain = = = +Dominique Swain (born August 12 1980 in Malibu, California) is an American actress. She has been in many movies. She is best known for her role as the title character in the 1997 drama "Lolita". Swain also played Jamie Archer in the movie "Face/Off". + += = = Charlie Daniels = = = +Charles Edward "Charlie" Daniels (October 28, 1936 – July 6, 2020) was an American country singer-songwriter and musician. He played a fiddle and country rock music. His best known song was "The Devil Went Down to Georgia". +He was honored into the Cheyenne Frontier Days Hall of Fame in 2002, the Grand Ole Opry in 2008, the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in 2009, and the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2016. +Daniels was born in Wilmington, North Carolina. Daniels was married to Hazel Daniels from 1963 until his death. They had a son, Charlie Daniels, Jr., and three grandchildren. +Daniels died from a stroke on July 6, 2020 in Nashville, Tennessee at the age of 83. + += = = Michael Jeter = = = +Michael Jeter (August 26, 1952 – March 30, 2003) was an American character actor of film, stage, and television. His television roles included Herman Stiles on the sitcom "Evening Shade" from 1990 until 1994 and Mr. Noodle's brother, Mister Noodle on the "Elmo's World" segments of "Sesame Street" from 2000 until 2003. Jeter's film roles include "Zelig", "Tango & Cash", "The Fisher King", "", +"Waterworld", "Air Bud", "Patch Adams", "The Green Mile", "Mousehunt", "Jurassic Park III", "Welcome to Collinwood", "Open Range", and "The Polar Express". +Early life. +Jeter was born in Lawrenceburg, Tennessee on August 26, 1952. He was a homosexual and was partners with Sean Blue from 1995 until his death in 2003. +Death. +Jeter was HIV+. He was found dead on March 30, 2003 in his Hollywood, Los Angeles, California home from complications from epilepsy, he was 50 years old. His remains were cremated. + += = = Cayo District = = = +Cayo District is a district in the west of the nation of Belize. The District capital is the town of San Ignacio. +Geography. +The Cayo District is the largest in Belize. It is on the western side of the country which borders Guatemala. The nation's capital, Belmopan, is in the district. +The Cayo District has the Pre-Columbian Maya ruins of Xunantunich, Cahal Pech, Chaa Creek, and Caracol. Major rivers in the district include the Macal River and the Mopan River. +Importance and Location. +The Cayo District is mostly an agricultural district. The chief crops are citrus, (oranges, grapefruit, and tangerine), as well as bananas. Recently oil was found in Spanish Lookout and is now in production. In addition to the ruins listed above there are several other important nature reserves including two National Parks, Blue Hole (park) and Guanacaste National Park. Ecotourism is also an important part of the region's economy. +According to the 2000 census, Cayo District had a population of 53,715 people. + += = = Corozal District = = = +Corozal District is the northernmost district of the nation of Belize. The population was 33,335 as of 2000. The district capital is Corozal Town. +The island of Ambergris Caye is close to Corozal District, but it is a part of Belize District. +Pre-Columbian Maya ruins are found in Corozal at Santa Rita near Corozal Town, and at Cerros. +Spanish is the most spoken language in Corozal, followed by English. 80% speak Spanish very well and 60% speak English very well. + += = = Orange Walk District = = = +Orange Walk District is a district in the northwest of the nation of Belize. The district capital is Orange Walk Town. The population was 45,419 persons in 2010. +The Rio Bravo Conservation and Management Area, a large private nature reserve in the Yalbac Hills, is in this district. The land is highly cultivated with sugar cane, sorghum, rice, corn and vegetables. A lot of this agriculture is done by Mennonite farmers. +The district is home to mostly Maya mestizo descendants of Mexican refugees who fled from the 1840 Caste War. +Tourism is growing. This is due to healthy populations of tropical wildlife and the rich archaeological sites. There are over 400 recorded bird species in the district. The district has two rivers, the Rio Hondo and the New River. + += = = Stann Creek District = = = +Stann Creek District is a district in the south east region of Belize. According to the 2010 census, the district had a population of 32,166 people. Its capital is the city of Dangriga. Dangriga used to be called "Stann Creek Town." Stann comes from "stanns," or safe havens used by colonialists coming from the "old world" to the "new world." +The Stann Creek District is home to the Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary. In the sanctuary is Victoria Peak, the highest point in Belize, at 1120 meters (3,675 feet) above sea level. + += = = Toledo District = = = +Toledo District is the southernmost district in Belize. Punta Gorda is the district capital. It is the least developed region in the country. It has some of the most clean rainforests, many caves, coastal lowland plains, and offshore cays. Toledo is home to a wide range of cultures—from Mopan and Kekchi Maya, to Creole, the Garifuna, East Indians, Mennonites, Mestizos, and descendants of US Confederate settlers. +According to the 2010 census, Toledo District had a population of 30,538 people. +The economy of Toledo relies heavily on agriculture. Crops grown include beans and corn, as well as rice. Cacao is grown for the renowned Maya Gold chocolate. The District’s ancient and modern-day links with chocolate are celebrated each year in May. + += = = Meringue = = = +A meringue () is a type of dessert made from whipping egg whites and sugar. Some meringue recipes also ask for cream of tartar or cornstarch to hold it together. Meringues are often flavoured with vanilla and a small amount of almond or coconut extract. They are light, airy and sweet. +History. +People do not agree whether meringue was invented in the Swiss town of Meiringen by an Italian chef named Gasparini. They are more sure that the name "meringue" was first seen in 1692, in a cookbook by François Massialot. The word "meringue" was first used in English in 1706 in an English translation of Massialot's book. There are two English recipe books that have a recipe for meringue, but it is called "white biskit bread" in the book of recipes started in 1604 by Lady Elinor Fettiplace, or called "pets" in the manuscript of collected recipes written by Lady Rachel Fane. +Type of meringue. +There are many types of meringue. The usual type is dry and crisp. +One type is the half-cooked type on queen of puddings, key lime pie, and lemon meringue pie. There are also uncooked meringues, and other types of meringues cooked in different ways. +Cooked meringue cannot be refrigerated or it will become soggy. They will keep for at least a week if stored in an airtight container. +Meringue is also used as a topping on other desserts, such as angel food cake, pavlova, and baked Alaska. + += = = Faggot (slang) = = = +Faggot (or fag) is an insulting term for a homosexual person. It is usually used to refer to gay men. Many people, especially homosexuals, see it as hate speech. Most prefer the term gay, or sometimes queer. Queer has been taken back for use by the LGBTQ+ community, even with the way the word has been used in the past. +Younger people (including LGBT people) often use terms like "gay," "fag," "faggot," and "poofter" as insults towards people that they don't like. This use many times does not actually link the word to homosexuality and is therefore not seen as homophobic by the LGBTQIA+ community. + += = = Zach Blair = = = +Zach Blair (born December 26, 1974) is the lead guitarist and co-composer for Chicago-based hardcore punk band Rise Against. Before joining Rise Against in early 2007, Blair was a member of hardcore punk group called Only Crime along with his brother, Doni Blair who currently plays with the Toadies. He has also been a 2nd touring guitarist for The Loved Ones and was the 2nd guitarist on the instrumental band "The Mag Seven's" album "The Future Is Ours, If You Can Count". +Blair is a vegetarian, an animal rights advocate and actively promotes PETA with the other members of Rise Against. Their newest release, "Appeal to Reason" is Rise Againsts' first album with Blair. + += = = Warning colouration = = = +Warning coloration (or aposematism) is how animals let other animals know that they are poisonous or dangerous. It is the exact opposite of camouflage. Warning colors are usually some combination of red, yellow, black and white. +Alfred Russel Wallace, a British naturalist, explained it this way, in 1889: +Wallace predicted that birds and other predators would reject conspicuous prey whilst accepting cryptic prey. Later reports confirmed this. +Animals with warning colors move slowly and expose themselves to sight. The sluggishness and exposure helps to advertise their defense. Along with the color and behavior often goes the foul smell of their chemical weapons. The grasshopper "Aularches miliaris" is a very good example. Noxious caterpillars often have thick, leathery cuticles which help them to resist young birds making a 'test'. When the bird takes a peck, disgusting fluid seeps out from special glands on its back. The caterpillar (or other larva) will often survive such an attack, and the young bird has learnt a lesson it will never forget. All in all, the predator is given good warning. Tests show that warning colors definitely do deter predators. +Some individual animals will die or receive damage while birds or mammals on the attack learn about the connection between color and taste. However, if warning costs less than hiding, the animal benefits. And the advertising traits such as colors may serve other functions as well. The patterns may help mate identification within the species, for instance. +Warning coloration is the basis of two different kinds of mimicry: Müllerian mimicry and Batesian mimicry. +Toxin resistance. +There are a number of predators which eat toxic animals. Cases which have been studied suggest there is some kind of cost to be borne for their relative immunity to the toxin. +The rough-skinned newt is toxic, and displays its warning color by showing its abdomen. Throughout much of the newt’s range, the common garter snake ("Thamnophis sirtalis") is resistant to the toxin. In several populations, these snakes successfully prey upon the newts. Toxin resistant garter snakes are the only known animals that can eat these newts and survive. +The snake’s resistance to the toxin has resulted in a selective pressure that favours newts which produce more potent levels of toxin. Increases in newt toxicity then causes a selective pressure favouring snakes with mutations conferring even greater resistance. The price paid by the snakes is that their digestion and body metabolism is slower than related species. Really resistant snakes have slower crawl speeds than snakes with little or no resistance. +This is an example of co-evolution. This cycle of a predator and prey co-evolving is sometimes called an evolutionary arms race. In this case it results in the newts producing levels of toxin far in excess of what is needed to kill any other conceivable predator. +Bright colors. +Animals can, and do, show bright colors which have other functions. The most common functions are: +However, the bright colors used for these functions tend to be different from the standard warning patterns and colors. +Unknown function. +The coloring of many species has unknown function. This is usually because their life habits have not been studied sufficiently, and because no field tests have been done. One example is the moth "Utetheisa pulchella", the crimson speckled moth. Its association with the plant "Dittrichia viscosa", which has a somewhat unpleasant smell, suggest the moth has warning coloration, but the matter is not settled. The related species "Utetheisa ornatrix", which feeds on other plants, is known to exude (squeeze out) alkaloids to put predators off. + += = = Sawfly = = = +A sawfly is an insect belonging to suborder Symphyta of the order Hymenoptera. The sawflies are a group of largely plant-eating (herbivorous) insects. The group is less specialised than the ants, bees and wasps. +Sawflies differ from most other Hymenoptera by their broad connection between the abdomen and the thorax, and by their caterpillar-like larvae. The common name comes from the saw-like appearance of the ovipositor, which the females use to cut into the plants where they lay their eggs. Large populations of certain sawfly species may cause economic damage to forests and cultivated plants. +As of 2013, the Symphyta are treated as nine superfamilies (one extinct) and 25 families. Most sawflies belong to the Tenthredinoidea superfamily, with about 7,000 species worldwide. Tenthredinoidea has six families, of which Tenthredinidae is by far the largest with some 5,500 species. +Xyelidae. +The Xyelidae is a small family of sawflies known from fewer than 50 living species in five genera, with an extensive fossil record. They are the oldest fossil Hymenoptera, dating back to the Triassic, some 200 million years ago. +Most species occur in the Northern hemisphere, especially in boreal regions, though there are a few neotropical species. Most are associated with conifers (esp. "Pinus" and "Abies"), where the larvae feed on pollen or within buds, though larvae of a few species feed on the leaves of deciduous trees. + += = = Catarina Pereira = = = +Catarina Pereira (born June 13, 1990) is a Portuguese singer and actress. She competed with her song, "Canta por mim" (Sing for me), for the chance to sing for Portugal at the Eurovision Song Contest 2010. She had the lead role in the Portuguese production of "High School Musical". + += = = Captain Planet and the Planeteers = = = +Captain Planet and the Planeteers is an American animated environmentalist television program, based on an idea by Ted Turner and produced by Andy Heyward, Robby London, Barbara Pyle and Nicholas Boxer. The series was developed and co-produced by Turner Program Services along with the partnership of DiC Entertainment and ran new episodes from September 10, 1990 until December 5, 1992. A second series, "The New Adventures of Captain Planet", ran for three seasons and was produced by Turner Broadcasting and then-corporate sibling Hanna-Barbera Productions. Both programs continue today in syndication. + += = = Protectionism = = = +Protectionism means that a country has laws or other rules that make it easier for their own products and brands to sell by making goods from foreign countries more expensive or harder to get. +The idea of protectionism is to stop imports (when people buy goods from other countries instead of from their own). Mercantilism is one kind of protectionism. +For example, if farmers from Argentina are selling wheat at a lower price than French farmers are, French people would buy more wheat from Argentine farmers than from French farmers, and French farmers would not get so much money. +The benefits to protectionism is that some people in a country would make more money because they would be able to sell things at higher prices, but on the other hand, other people would lose money because they wouldn't be able to buy the things from other countries that sell them cheaper. +Many protectionists (people who believe in protectionism) support big tariffs (taxes on a trade involving a foreign country) because the government can get a lot of money from the tariffs. +When a country raises a tariff on another country, usually the other country raises their tariffs on that country to get even. This is called a trade war. +Tariffs were popular in the United States during the 1800s, but when the United States made the Hawley-Smoot Tariff a law in 1930, it raised tariffs very high on Europe. In response, Europe raised its tariffs on the United States, which resulted in a trade war. Many economists and historians believe that the tariffs made the Great Depression worse. +Trade-protectionism is favoured by economic nationalists and left-wing parties. +Protectionism is no longer popular now. Instead, people support free trade (the opposite of protectionism where the government makes it easier for the country to trade with other countries). Free trade is favoured by right-wing parties. + += = = Led Zeppelin (album) = = = +Led Zeppelin is the first album from English rock band Led Zeppelin, released on 12 January 1969. The album was recorded in 1968 and is notable for being one of the most influential albums of all time, especially inspiring future heavy metal and hard rock bands. The album did not get good reviews by critics in 1969 but the album still sold many copies, today, the album is generally seen as a rock classic. +On the album, guitarist and producer Jimmy Page used many different techniques to get a unique sound. For example, he recorded the instruments from far away instead of putting the microphone right in front of the amplifier or drum set, this gives a different sound, like it sounds in the room when it was played. +Other websites. +Official website + += = = Davy Crockett = = = +David Crockett (August 17, 1786 – March 6, 1836) was an American frontiersman, soldier, politician, and folk hero. He is more often called Davy Crockett. He also has the nickname “King of the Wild Frontier”. He represented Tennessee in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1827 to 1831 and again from 1833 to 1835. Fighting in the Texas Revolution, he was executed in the Battle of the Alamo at the age of 49. +Childhood and family. +Crockett was born in Tennessee. A replica of the cabin In which he was born stands today in Davy Crockett Birthplace State Park, in Tennessee. +The Crockett family's name comes from the name "Monsieur de la Croquetagne". Monsieur de la Croquetagne was a captain in the Royal Guard of French King Louis XIV. The family became Protestants and ran away from France in the 17th century. Crockett did not have an easy childhood. He traveled around a lot and had many of adventures. He started to hunt with his brothers before his 9th birthday. A little after he started going to school, he beat up a bully. He stopped going to school so that his teacher would not punish him. His teacher told his father that Crockett was not at school. He ran away from home so that his father would not beat him. He started moving around Tennessee, Virginia, and other places, according to a book that Crockett wrote about himself. +He came back home when he was 15, and his family welcomed him. He married Mary (Polly) Finley a day before his 20th birthday. They had three children, but Polly died at a young age. +He married another woman, Elizabeth Patton in 1815. They had three children, together. +Political career. +Crockett served in the Tennessee Militia for a few years and ran for Congress in 1824. He lost his election but ran again in the next election. In 1827, he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. As a Representative, he became angry with President Andrew Jackson's Indian Removal Act, which forced Native Americans to leave their land. He lost his re-election in 1830. However, he ran again in 1832 and won. +In 1834, he wrote a book about himself, "A Narrative of the Life of David Crockett. Written by Himself". He lost re-election to Congress that year. +Texas Revolution. +Around December 1834, Crockett told some of his friends that he might move to Texas if Martin Van Buren became the next president of the United States. The next year, he talked to his friend Benjamin McCulloch about going to Texas, which the belonged to Mexico, but some people fought in the Texas Revolution against Mexico. Van Buren was elected president and so Crockett left Tennessee on Nov. 1, 1835 with three other men to go to Texas and said, "You may all go to hell and I will go to Texas." +He arrived in Nacogdoches, Texas, in early January 1836. On January 14, 1836, Crockett and 65 other men signed an oath before Judge John Forbes to the Provisional Government of Texas for six months that said, "I have taken the oath of government and have enrolled my name as a volunteer and will set out for the Rio Grande in a few days with the volunteers from the United States." Each man was promised about 4,600 acres (19 km2) of land. +He showed up at the Alamo on February 8, where over 100 other men were there. On February 23, a Mexican army, led by General Antonio López de Santa Anna, surrounded the Alamo and was ready to take it over. After the Mexican army had been there for eight days, 32 other men showed up to help Crockett and the other men defend the Alamo. +On March 6, according to Susana Dickinson, before running to his post, Crockett stopped in the chapel to pray. When the Mexican soldiers made it over the walls of the Alamo, they pushed the few remaining defenders back toward the church. The Battle of the Alamo lasted almost 90 minutes. All of the men defending the Alamo died, including Crockett. +Legacy. +Even while he was still alive, many books and plays were written about Crockett's life, some of which stretched the truth. Since his death, he has become a popular figure in American folklore. In the 1950s, there was a television show about him with a song called "The Ballad of Davy Crockett," which was very popular. Many children wore "coonskin" hats to look like him. + += = = Early Christianity = = = +Early Christianity is known as the Christianity of around the three centuries (1st, 2nd, 3rd, early 4th) between the time of the Crucifixion of Jesus (c.26-36) and the First Council of Nicaea in 325. +Since the 19th century, historians have learned more about the early Christian community. Books written early in the time period, such as the Didache (in second-millennium copies) and the Gospel of Thomas (in two manuscripts dated as early as about 200 and 340) as well as parts from the Jewish-Christian Gospels have been found again in the last 200 years +History. +At the beginning of Christian history, the church was in Jerusalem, in an "upper room" perhaps where the Cenacle is today, and leaders included James, Peter, and John. The major source for the Apostolic Age (c.30-c.100) is the "Acts of the Apostles". Following the Great Commission, the missionary actions of the Apostles, including Paul of Tarsus who said the title of "Apostle to the Gentiles", spread Christianity to cities in the Hellenistic world, such as Alexandria and Antioch, and also to Rome and even beyond the Roman Empire. The term "Christian" was first applied to members of the church at Antioch according to . The New Testament includes letters written by Paul to churches, such as those in Thessalonica and Corinth, during the years 50-62, see also Seven Churches of Asia. Early Christians continued the Jewish practice of respect for the Jewish Scriptures, using the Septuagint translation of Hellenistic Judaism that was in general use among Greek-speakers, or the Targums in use among Aramaic-speakers, but added to it their own writings. + += = = Hops = = = +Hops are the flowers of the hop plant, which are in the humulus genus. Hops look like little cones, and are used to make beer. They give the beer a bitter flavor. They have been used to make beer for many centuries, and were used by the Romans in the Roman Empire. + += = = Priscilla Ahn = = = +Priscilla Ahn (born March 9, 1984) is an American singer-songwriter. +In 2008, Blue Note Reco.rds released her first full-length album, "A Good Day". Ahn went on a national tour that June. Ahn has toured with Willie Nelson, Amos Lee, Ray LaMontagne, Devotchka and Joshua Radin. Ahn's songs have been on television shows and movies. She has made appearances on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Dancing with the Stars and NPR. + += = = White Australia policy = = = +The White Australia Policy was the name given to laws that stopped non white immigrants from coming to live in Australia. These laws were put in place in 1901, and were repealed from the 1950s to 1970s +Overview. +In 1901, 98% of people living in Australia were of European background, with "clean" skin, and with British laws and customs. The government wanted to keep Australia this way. This had an influence on the type of people living in Australia. In 2001, many Australians claimed to have fathers from Europe. About six percent were Asian, and about two percent were Aboriginals. In 2018, overall, about 76% of Australians were white, though about 95% of the countries leaders were white. +In the 1850s many Chinese people, mainly men, came to Australia to search for gold. This lead to anti-Chinese riots on the goldfields at Lambing Flat in New South Wales, and at the Buckland River diggings in Victoria. The Victorian government tried to stop more Chinese from arriving, by charging a special tax of £10 for every Chinese person who came on a ship to Victoria. In 1861 New South Wales passed laws to stop Chinese people coming, and Queensland passed laws in 1877, and Western Australia in 1886. Later men from the Pacific Islands, called "kanakas", were brought to Australia to work on the sugarcane farms in Queensland. This also caused problems because they worked for much lower wages than other people. The new Federal government of Australia acted in 1901 to stop certain types of people coming to work or live in Australia. +Immigration Restriction Act. +The Immigration Restriction Act (1901) listed who could come to Australia and who would not be allowed into the country. The following types of people were not allowed: +Immigration. +This test was made to keep out anyone that the Australian government did not want to allow into Australia without being seen to be racist. Anyone who wanted to come to Australia had to be literate, that is be able to read and write. This would be proved with a dictation test. A person had to be able to write down something read to them in a European language by a government official. It did not have to be in a language that they understood. At first the test was to be given in English, but the government thought that American negroes and Japanese people would be able to pass the test. For example, to keep out people from Malta, they were given the test in Dutch. One person who spoke several languages was given the test in Gaelic. The test could also be given to people in the first year that they were living in Australia. In 1932, this was changed to the first five years, and it could be given many times. From 1902 to 1909, the test was given to 1359 people, and only 52 passed. After 1909, no person passed the test. Anyone who failed the test was forced to leave Australia. This law was used until 1958. +End of policy. +After World War II the Australian government wanted to attract migrants. The Ben Chifley Labor Government started the Snowy Mountains Scheme which needed a large population of labourers. Australians worried less about taking people from different cultures. Through the 1950s, many Southern and Eastern European refugees resettled in Australia, leaving a Europe still recovering from World War II or the Communist Eastern-Block behind. Liberal Prime Minister Robert Menzies' Government brought in the Colombo Plan which brought Asian students to Australian universities to help Asian development. In 1958, Menzies ended the "dictation test" and the Government said well qualified non-Europeans would be suitable. Other laws made it easier to bring non-Europeans to Australia. Prime Minister Harold Holt's "Migration Act, 1966" effectively ended the White Australian Policy so that migrants from different parts of the world could come to Australia, like refugees from the Vietnam War. Finally in 1973, the Gough Whitlam Labor Government made a law that Australian immigration officers should "totally disregard race" when considering migrants. But Whitlam took in less migrants in total, and the number of migrants from outside Europe did not increase until the Malcolm Fraser Liberal Government (1975-1983). + += = = Swastika = = = +The Swastika is a cross with its arms bent at right angles, in either left-facing or right-facing forms. It is a widely-used religious symbol in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. The symbol was also used in pre-Christian Europe. The word "Swastika" became part of the English language in the nineteenth century with the British conquest of India. In the 1920s, the Nazi party chose the swastika as its symbol and it is for this association that it is best known in the Western world. +Religious use. +The Swastika is a sacred symbol in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. It is also a sign of spiritual purity. The swastika was a letter in the ancient Sanskrit language. It meant luck or well being. It is also found on Byzantine buildings, Ancient Greek coinage and in Native American burial sites. +In Nazi Germany. +The swastika was a symbol used by the Nazi Party in Germany, and later by the Third Reich. Adolf Hitler chose it as the symbol of the German Workers Party after he joined. Before Hitler, members had already worn swastika armbands. (They believed they were adopting an ancient European symbol; they were seemingly unaware of its continued use in the East.) Hitler was responsible for its red, white and black coloring. From 1935 – 1945 it was used on the German flag. The symbol became stigmatized because of its association with Nazi war crimes. +Since shortly after World War II, it has been illegal in Germany and Austria to display the swastika and other Nazi symbols. The swastikas on Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain temples are exempt from this law, because religious symbols cannot be banned in Germany. +Naming dispute. +Since at least the early 2000s, Hindus, Buddhists and Jains have become more and more upset and annoyed to see their holy symbol being used as a badge of hatred by racists and neo-Nazis. One way that they have tried to reestablish their symbol as one of peace and good fortune is to try to encourage use its name in German, "Hakenkreuz" (hooked cross), when writing about the Nazis' version of it. (Although the Asian religions usually show the symbol in vertical/horizontal orientation and the Nazis usually showed it diagonally, neither group (especially the Nazis) did so consistently.) As of 2022, it does not seems that this campaign has achieved success yet: the Western media continue to use the name "swastika" when writing about neo-Nazi use of it. + += = = Hartford Whalers = = = +The Hartford Whalers were a professional ice hockey team from Hartford, Connecticut. The Whalers played in the National Hockey League for 18 seasons. The team began playing in the NHL and were originally called the New England Whalers before being renamed the Hartford Whalers in 1979. The Whalers were relocated to Raleigh, North Carolina and were renamed the Carolina Hurricanes in 1997. + += = = Winnipeg Jets = = = +The Winnipeg Jets are an ice hockey team that plays in the NHL. The team plays in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada at Canada Life Centre. They were founded in 2011 when the Atlanta Thrashers were bought by Winnipeg-based company, True North Sports and Entertainment and were moved back to Winnipeg. The team announced the "Winnipeg Jets" as their name when they selected 7th in the first round of the 2011 NHL Entry Draft on June 25, 2011. Kevin Cheveldayoff was named its first General Manager on June 8, 2011 and Claude Noel was named the new head coach of the Jets on June 23, 2011. +The original Winnipeg Jets played in the NHL from 1972 to 1996. This team is now known as the Arizona Coyotes. + += = = Saab 9-3 = = = +The Saab 9-3 is a car produced by Saab since 1998. It is the successor of the 900, and it is now in its Second generation. + += = = Saab 9-5 = = = +The Saab 9-5 is a car produced by Saab since 1997. It is the successor of the 9000, and it is now in its Second generation. + += = = Saab 9000 = = = +The Saab 9000 was a car produced by Saab from 1985 through 1998. It was successed by the 9-5. + += = = Saab 900 = = = +The Saab 900 was a car produced by Saab from 1978 through 1998. It was succeeded by the 9-3. + += = = Easter Bunny = = = +The Easter Bunny (or Easter Hare) is a character depicted as an anthropomorphic rabbit. In old stories, the creature brings baskets filled with colored eggs, candy and toys to the homes of children on the night before Easter. The Easter Bunny will either put the baskets in a certain place or hide them somewhere in the house for the children to find when they wake up in the morning. +The Easter Bunny is similar to Christmas's Santa Claus, as they both bring gifts to good children on the night before the holidays they are related to. + += = = Alberto Núñez Feijoo = = = +Alberto Núñez Feijoo (born September 10, 1961) is a Spanish politician. He was elected President of the People's Party and Leader of the Opposition in 2022. He was the 7th and current President of the Regional Government of Galicia since 2009 until 2022. He was the leader of the Galician People's Party, the main conservative political party which defeated the socialists in the elections of 2009 and again in the elections of 2012. +Feijoo is a strong admirer of Manuel Fraga, although he does not govern Galicia in the same manner. +Núñez Feijoo studied law in Santiago de Compostela. He is married to the journalist Carmen Gámir. +His party had the most votes on the 2023 Spanish general election, but could not find enough allies to form a government. His rival Pedro Sánchez could form a government on November. + += = = Lincoln Logs = = = +Lincoln Logs is the name of a children's toy. They are small logs made for children to build with. They were invented in Chicago, Illinois by John Lloyd Wright, son of the architect Frank Lloyd Wright. +Lincoln Logs were added into the United States National Toy Hall of Fame in 1999. + += = = Led Zeppelin II = = = +Led Zeppelin II is the second album by the English rock band Led Zeppelin. It was released on October 22, 1969, it was recorded in 1969 in many different studios. The album sounds a lot like the first album with a few hard rock songs and blues covers, but they also did some new things with the love song "Thank You" and the drum solo "Moby Dick". The most famous song from the album is "Whole Lotta Love", the riff is one of the most well known in the rock genre. Guitarist and producer Jimmy Page worked with engineer Eddie Kramer to create many unusual sounds, for example, on "Whole Lotta Love", they used a technique known as backward echoing. +Other websites. +Official website + += = = Led Zeppelin III = = = +Led Zeppelin III is the third album from the band Led Zeppelin, released on October 22, 1970. Many of the songs were written while Jimmy Page and Robert Plant visited a cottage in Wales, in a place called Bron-Yr-Aur. The musicians were inspired by the Welsh countryside, and because of this, many songs on the album are written in the style of folk and country. This upset many fans at the time who said that the band should focus on making more rock music, but there were still some rock songs on the album, such as "Immigrant Song" and "Celebration Day”. + += = = Avalon (song) = = = +"Avalon" is a popular jazz song. It was written by Al Jolson, Buddy DeSylva and Vincent Rose in 1920. It was first recorded by Jolson and used in the musicals "Sinbad" and "Bombo". Jolson's version became #2 on the American singles chart. It is possible that Rose wrote the song alone, and that Jolson's name was used in the credits because he was a popular artist and helped make the song popular. At first only Rose and Jolson were marked as the writers, and DeSylva's name was added later. +Many jazz artists have recorded the song, for example Cab Calloway (1934), Coleman Hawkins (1935) and Eddie Durham (1936). Benny Goodman played the song in his concert in Carnegie Hall in 1938. The song was also played in the films "The Jolson Story" (1946) and "The Benny Goodman Story" (1956). +The melody at the beginning of the song was taken from Giacomo Puccini's opera "Tosca", and Rose changed it only a little. Because of this, a court later decided that Jolson and Rose had to pay Puccini's publishers $25,000 and all later profits from the song. + += = = Phoney War = = = +The Phoney War was a name for the eight months during World War II from Poland being invaded in September 1939 to France being invaded in May 1940. +During that time, there were no major military operations in Europe. The United Kingdom and French declared war and a blockade against Nazi Germany. Also, Germany did likewise by beginning the Battle of the Atlantic, and German submarines destroyed many Allied ships. The British Royal Air Force dropped propaganda leaflets on Germany, and Canadian troops began to arrive in Britain. +In April 1940, Germany invaded Denmark and Norway. Both sides began to fight each other strongly again. Britain and France needed many weapons quickly and so they began to buy them from American weapon companies. The Americans remained neutral but helped Britain and France by selling weapons cheaply and then by Lend-Lease of military equipment and supplies. + += = = Jason Bonham = = = +Jason John Bonham (born 15 July 1966) is an English rock drummer who is noted for being the son of Led Zeppelin drummer John Bonham, as well for his own music. He has played with bands like Foreigner and UFO, and he has also played with the surviving members Led Zeppelin on several band reunions, such as the reunion in 2007 at the London 02 Arena. He has a close relationship with former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page, and they have toured together in the 80's when Page released his solo album, Outrider. In 2010, Bonham will be working with his new band, Black Country. + += = = Radiolaria = = = +Radiolaria are amoeboid protists which produce mineral skeletons. The skeletons, usually of silica (SiO2), have a central capsule. This divides the cell into inner and outer portions, called "endoplasm" and "ectoplasm". +Radiolaria are found as zooplankton throughout the ocean, and their skeletal remains cover large portions of the ocean floor as radiolarian ooze. Radiolaria have existed since the beginning of the Palaeozoic era. They take their name from the radial symmetry of most species. They are valuable markers or diagnostic fossils, because they have a rapid turn-over of species. This helps to identify strata, and to correlate strata at different sites. +Radiolaria are heterotrophs (eat other things), but also may include protist algae as endosymbionts. +Structure. +The skeletons of radiolarians are generally organized around spicules, or spines, which extend from the main skeletal mass. Formed from the fusion of many of these spines is the outermost skeleton, the shell or "test". Connecting this shell to the many concentrically organized inner shells are bars or beams, which strengthen and support the structure. +The nuclei and most other organelles are in the endoplasm, while the ectoplasm is filled with frothy vacuoles and lipid droplets, keeping them buoyant. Often it also contains symbiotic algae which provide much of the cell's energy. Not much is known about the living amoebae because they cannot be cultured in the laboratory. + += = = Led Zeppelin IV = = = +Led Zeppelin IV is the fourth album from the rock band Led Zeppelin. The real title of the album is , but since it's impossible to say these symbols, it is normal just to say Led Zeppelin IV. Some people also say The fourth album, 'Zoso', Symbols or simply call it Untitled. It was released on November 8, 1971 and recorded at a big house called Headley Grange in 1971. The album is the band's most famous and most successful album, and also has their best known song, "Stairway to Heaven". For this album, the band used many different genres and recording techniques, they had rock and roll songs, acoustic songs and heavy blues songs. Many fans and critics think that "Stairway to Heaven" is one of the best songs of all time, if not the greatest, as well as the album itself. There are also many other notable songs on the album, "Rock and Roll" was played in almost every concert the band did after the release of the album, while songs such as "Black Dog and "Going to California" were played for most of the shows. All of the songs have become regulars on American rock radio. +The four symbols. +For this album, the band chose to not have a normal name for their album, so that people would just listen to the music without caring about the title and get wrong expectations. Jimmy Page got the idea that each member of the band should choose their own symbol to represent them on the album title. Each band member have been closely associated with their symbol during and after the career of Led Zeppelin, and they have all used them after the release of the album. For example, John Bonham used to have the three rings on his bass drum and Jimmy Page has used the Zoso symbol on his amplifier as recent as the reunion concert in 2007 at the London 02 Arena. + += = = Squeeze (band) = = = +Squeeze are a British rock/new wave band from London. They were active from 1974 to 1982 and 1985 to 1999. They reunited in 2007. + += = = Houses of the Holy = = = +Houses of the Holy is the fifth album from rock band Led Zeppelin, released on March 28 1973, but recorded in 1972. This album has many different music styles on it, like reggae, funk, acoustic songs and folk-like rock songs. Many fans and critics thought when the album was released, that it was not as good as the album they made two years earlier, Led Zeppelin IV, but today it is seen as one of their best albums. Songs like "The Song Remains the Same", "No Quarter", "Over the Hills and Far Away" and "The Rain Song" were performed for almost all tours after the release of the album. "The Song Remains the Same" is also the title of their 1976 movie, but recorded in 1973 and 1974. +Other websites. +official website +Sources. +Houses of the Holy info + += = = Heat lamp = = = +A heat lamp is a lamp (light) with the main purpose of making heat. This is commonly infrared light but white light incandescent lightbulbs are also used. Sometimes the glass of the light bulb is colored to cut out yellow and even higher frequency light (to let the infrared light through, which has most of the heat). +Humans can use these lamps to keep warm, to warm a part of the body that is injured and needs gentle heat, etc. These lamps are also frequently used to keep baby chickens, piglets or other baby animals warm. + += = = Maltese lira = = = +The Maltese lira was the type of money that was used in Malta before it was replaced by the euro in 2008. + += = = Bobby Dodd = = = +Robert "Bobby" Lee Dodd (November 11, 1908 – June 21, 1988) was an American college football coach at Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech). He was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame as a player and coach. He is one of only three people to have done this. +Dodd was born in Galax, Virginia. He moved to Kingsport, Tennessee and played several sports at Dobyns-Bennett High School. After high school, he played as a quarterback at the University of Tennessee. From 1931–1945, he worked as an assistant coach for William Alexander at Georgia Tech. Alexander hired Dodd while he was still a student at Tennessee. Dodd replaced Alexander in 1945 and became the third head coach at Georgia Tech. He retired from coaching after the 1966–67 season, with 165 wins, 64 losses, and 8 ties in his career. He also worked as athletic director for Georgia Tech from 1950 until 1976. Dodd died in June 1988 at the age of 79 in Atlanta, Georgia. +Player. +Dodd was quarterback for the University of Tennessee football team from 1928 to 1930. He played for its coach, Robert Neyland. Dodd wanted to play for Georgia Tech but was not offered a scholarship. In the games that Dodd started at Tennessee, they had a record of 27–1–2. +Dodd played a major role in one famous game. During his sophomore year, in a game against Alabama, "Dodd threw a touchdown pass in that game to tie Alabama, 13–13. Then he punted out of bounds inside the Alabama 1-yard line and Tennessee got a safety on the next play to win, 15–13." This was an important game for both teams since they were rivals. +Another time in Dodd's playing career showed the thinking he would use in his coaching career. "Against Florida in 1930 he got his teammates in a huddle and told them about a play he had used in high school. When the ball was snapped, it was placed on the ground unattended. The players ran in one direction. Then the center returned, picked up the ball, and waltzed to the winning touchdown." Tennessee fans even developed a catch phrase for Dodd during his time there: "In Dodd we trust." +Dodd was selected to be on Grantland Rice's All-American team in 1930. He was the second player from Tennessee to make an All American team. The first was Gene McEver in 1929. In 1959, Dodd was selected for the University of Tennessee's Hall of Fame and to the College Football Hall of Fame as a player. He was elected in the same year as teammate Herman Hickman. +Coach. +Dodd had a 165–64–8 record as head coach at Georgia Tech. He led Georgia Tech to two Southeastern Conference (SEC) championships (1951 and 1952) and one national championship in 1952. While he was coach, Tech played in 13 major bowl games. The school won 9 of these games, including six in a row from 1951 to 1956. His team had a 31-game winning streak from 1951 to 1953. +Dodd took over the Georgia Tech football program after Coach Alexander's retirement in 1944. Dodd's coaching ideas were about developing and treating his players well. He did not believe in hard physical practices. Instead, he liked practices that were about the small details of football. Dodd's ideas led to winning. He set the record for career wins at Tech at 165 career coaching wins including a 31-game winning streak from 1951–1953. He also won two Southeastern Conference Titles and the 1952 National Title. The 1952 title was part of a 12–0 perfect season and Sugar Bowl win over Ole Miss. +Dodd also understood the rivalry with the University of Georgia. His teams won 8 games in a row over the Bulldogs from 1946–1954. They had 176 points to Georgia's 39 during the winning streak. This 8–game winning streak is still the longest winning streak for either side in the series. Dodd ended his career with a 12–9 record against Georgia. +Dodd's career included Georgia Tech leaving the Southeastern Conference. The initial reason for them leaving was a feud between Dodd and Alabama Crimson Tide Coach Bear Bryant. The feud began when Tech was visiting the Tide at Denny Stadium in 1961. After a Georgia Tech punt, Alabama fair-caught the ball. Chick Granning of Georgia Tech was running down to tackle the receiver of the punt, but relaxed after the signal for the fair catch. Darwin Holt of Alabama continued play and hit his elbow into Granning's face. This caused severe breaks in Granning's face, a broken nose, and blood-filled sinuses. Granning became unconscious and suffered a severe concussion. These injuries left him unable to play football ever again. Dodd sent Bryant a letter asking Bryant to suspend Holt. Dodd felt that Holt injured Granning on purpose. Bryant never suspended Holt. The lack of punishment made Dodd angry and caused him to want to leave the SEC. +Another issue for Dodd was Alabama's and other SEC schools' recruiting of players. Schools would recruit more players than they could have on their roster. During the summer practice sessions, the teams would remove extra players. This would happen after the signing day which meant those players could not find somewhere else to play. Dodd asked the SEC leaders to punish the "tryout camps" of other SEC members, but the SEC did not. Finally, Dodd took Georgia Tech out of the SEC in 1963. Tech would play without a league like Notre Dame and Penn State (at the time) during the final four years of Dodd's coaching career. In 1967, Dodd passed the head coach position to his favorite assistant, Bud Carson. Dodd continued to work as athletic director which he had first been hired as in 1950. He would not retire from athletic directing until 1976. In 1983, he said he would like to run a United States Football League team if Atlanta was given one. The league, however, shut down before Atlanta received a team. +Legacy. +Dodd wanted to win every game, but unlike some other coaches, he did not believe in risking his athletes' health in order to win. He believed that the most important part of college football was the college football player. +In honor of the character of Dodd, each year a Division I college coach who has shown leadership both on and off the field is awarded the Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Award. This award is given by the Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Foundation. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a player in 1959 and as a coach in 1993. In 1988, Georgia Tech named its stadium Bobby Dodd Stadium in honor of him. The Bobby Dodd Institute is a group that helps people with disabilities; it is named in honor of Dodd for his help to the disabled. + += = = Walnut Hills High School = = = +Walnut Hills High School is a high school in Cincinnati, Ohio. According to Newsweek, Walnut Hills is the best school in Ohio. It helps prepare you for college. The school colors are blue and gold. The motto is "Sursum ad summum", which is Latin for "Rise to the Highest". The mascot is the eagle, and the sports teams are known as "The Eagles". They have a newspaper that comes out every month and have a magazine that comes out every year. + += = = Wrongful life = = = +Wrongful life is a legal action in which someone is sued for not stopping the birth of a severely disabled child. In this type of lawsuit a child and the parents will sue a doctor or a hospital. The doctor or hospital is sued for not giving information about the disability during the pregnancy. The doctor or hospital may have not provided all the information on a genetic case before the pregnancy. The parents argue that if the mother had known this information, she would have had an abortion, or chosen not to become pregnant at all. +In the past, only parents could sue for their "own" damages the occurred as a result of the birth of a disabled child (e.g., the mother's own pregnancy medical bills and cost of psychiatric treatment for both parents' emotional distress resulting from becoming aware that their child was disabled). This cause of action is known as wrongful birth. But the child could not sue for his or her own damages, which were often much more in terms of money and harm. +In four U.S. states, the child is allowed to start a wrongful life cause of action for damages. In 1982, the Supreme Court of California was the first state supreme court to permit the child's right to sue for wrongful life, but in the same decision, limited the child's recovery to special damages. +Most other jurisdictions, including England and Ontario, have not allowed the wrongful life cause of action. + += = = Intensity (physics) = = = +In Physics, intensity can usually be understood as the strength of something like a beam of light while Intensity in general refers to the amount of light that is falling at a point. To figure out (i.e., compute) the exact intensity of a beam of light or a fire hose spraying water, we need to know how many units of light or water are coming to some area in some period of time. A factory might have an "intensity" of 100 cars per day delivered to the loading dock. A fire hose might have an intensity of 100 buckets of water per minute per open window of a certain size in a burning building. +Usually, when talking about intensity, you are talking about the amount of energy of particles or radiation per unit area. Since each particle spreads out from the source in a sphere, the area is measured as the surface area of this sphere, or formula_1, where formula_2 is the distance from the source to the observer. + += = = Baked Alaska = = = +Baked Alaska is a dessert made of ice cream on top of slices of sponge cake or Christmas pudding and covered with meringue. The whole dessert is then baked in a very hot oven for just long enough to cook the meringue. The meringue is a good insulator, and the short cooking time prevents the heat from getting through to the ice cream. +Its name, but not the recipe, was made at Delmonico's Restaurant in 1867 to honour the new American territory of Alaska. +February 1 is Baked Alaska Day. +Variations. +A slightly changed dessert called Bombe Alaska came from Noel, Alaska. Some dark rum is splashed over the Baked Alaska, and the whole dessert is flambéed while being served. + += = = Dean Koontz = = = +Dean Koontz (born July 9, 1945 in Everett, Pennsylvania) is a writer from the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. He is known for writing in the suspense thriller genre. Many of his books have been New York Times Bestsellers. + += = = Everett, Pennsylvania = = = +Everett is a borough in the state of Pennsylvania in the United States. The population is 1,765 as of the 2020 census. +Writer Dean Koontz was born here. + += = = Christmas pudding = = = +Christmas pudding or plum pudding is a steamed dessert that originated in the 1420s and is served on Christmas Day (December 25). It tastes like steamed pudding, with lots of dried fruits and nuts, and made with suet (animal fat). It is eaten in large amounts during the Christmas holidays. It is a traditional food to have at Christmas. + += = = Anna Bergendahl = = = +Anna Henrietta Bergendahl (born December 11, 1991) in Katrineholm, Sweden is a singer and former Idol 2008 contestant. Bergendahl won Melodifestivalen 2010 and represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 in Oslo. Her song This Is My Life is currently at number one on the Swedish single chart. In Idol 2008 she finished in fifth place. + += = = Nordic skiing = = = +Nordic skiing is a sport in the Winter Olympics. It is called that because it comes from the Nordic countries. It includes cross-country skiing, which involves skiing over very long distances. It also involves ski jumping. + += = = Gene McEver = = = +Eugene T. "Gene" McEver (September 15, 1908 - July 12, 1985) was a Hall of Fame college football player for the University of Tennessee. He was born in Bristol, Virginia in 1908. +Playing career. +McEver was the first ever All American for the Tennessee Volunteers football team. He played for them in 1928, 1929, and 1931 for coach Robert Neyland. McEver missed the 1930 season with a knee injury. McEver scored 130 points for the Volunteers in 1929, helping them to a 9-0-1 record. The total led the NCAA in scoring that year. That total is still the record for most points in one year at Tennessee. McEver also holds the record for career scoring at Tennessee among non-kickers. +McEver finished his career with 44 touchdowns and 12 points after touchdown for 276 points. He was named to the All-Southern team in 1928, 1929, and 1931, with teammates Bobby Dodd and Herman Hickman. McEver was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954. +Coaching career. +McEver coached at Davidson College in North Carolina from 1937 through 1943. His record there was 16-43-4. McEver also coached the University of North Carolina to a 1-7-1 record in 1944. He was an assistant coach at Virginia Tech from 1944 to 47. + += = = United States Football League = = = +The United States Football League was a football league in the 1980s. The spring and summer is when the USFL would play football. Entrepreneur Donald Trump owned some parts of the league. John Bassett was the late owner of the Tampa Bay Bandits, of the USFL. + += = = Whistler, British Columbia = = = +Whistler is a village in the British Columbian province of Canada. The population as of 2006 is 9,248 and the mayor of Whistler is Nancy Wilhelm-Morden. It is located on the Sea to Sky Highway (Highway 99), which goes from the Peace Arch Border Crossing in Surrey, British Columbia to the Cariboo Highway (Highway 97) 10 kilometres north of Cache Creek, British Columbia. Over two million people visit Whistler annually, and it is usually for alpine skiing and mountain biking at the Whistler-Blackcomb ski resort. Whistler was the host Mountain Resort of the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympic Games. + += = = Bundeswehr = = = +The Bundeswehr (German for "Federal Defence Force"; ) are the German Armed Forces. The German armed forces are for the unified Germany itself and do not have several parts for the States of Germany. +There are five sections: three bigger ones: Heer (Army), Marine (Navy) and Luftwaffe (Air Force) form one unified force, not three separate fighting forces. And two smaller ones: "Joint Support Service" (Streitkräftebasis) and "Central Medical Services" (Zentraler Sanitätsdienst). +In peace-time the commander-in-chief is the Federal Minister of Defence, and in wartime the Chancellor of Germany. This is unlike most countries where the head of state is commander in chief. +In March 2012, there were about 207,000 soldiers serving in the Bundeswehr; there are another 200,000 in reserve. Conscription for the Bundeswehr has been abolished in July 2011. + += = = Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Award = = = +The Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Award is college football award given every year to the Division I Football Bowl Subdivision head coach whose team does well on the field, in the classroom, and in the community. The award is named for Bobby Dodd. Dodd was head football coach at Georgia Tech. The award was made in 1976 to honor the values that Dodd held. Coaches who win the award are chosen by a committee of college football experts and all previous winners. The winner is announced during half-time of the Chick-fil-A Bowl on December 31 in Atlanta, Georgia. A formal presentation is held later, usually on the university campus of the winner. +Winners. +Only Joe Paterno of Penn State has received the award twice, in 1981 and in 2005. Four schools have had two different coaches given the award: Michigan with Bo Schembechler in 1977 and Lloyd Carr in 2007; Air Force with Ken Hatfield in 1983 and Fisher DeBerry in 1985, Georgia Tech with Bobby Ross in 1990 and George O'Leary in 2000 and TCU with Jim Wacker in 1984 and Gary Patterson in 2009. + += = = Shane Mosley = = = +Shane Andre Mosley (born September 7, 1971) is a retired American professional boxer from Pomona, California. Mosley has held world titles in three weight divisions. He held the IBF Lightweight Championship, WBC & WBA (Super) Welterweight Championships and WBC, WBA (Super) & "The Ring" Light Middleweight Championships. + += = = Craftsman = = = +Craftsman may refer to: + += = = Kingsport, Tennessee = = = +Kingsport is a city in Hawkins and Sullivan counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee. Most of the city is in Sullivan County. Kingsport is the biggest city in each county but it is not the county seat of either. As of the 2020 census its population was 55,442. +The name is based on "King's Port" which referred to the area around Ross's Landing. It is part of what is known as the "Mountain Empire," which includes a portion of southwest Virginia and the mountainous counties in Tennessee to the east. +Pal's Sudden Service, a regional fast-food restaurant chain, opened its first location in 1956 and is headquartered in Kingsport. In 2001, Pal's Sudden Service, won the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, becoming the first restaurant company to receive the award. +Geography. +Kingsport is located at (36.536851, -82.542123) where U.S. highways 11 and 23 meet. Kingsport is also the starting and ending point of Interstate 26. +According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 53.5 square miles (138.6 km2), of which, 52.6 square miles (136.2 km2) of it is land and 0.9 square miles (2.4 km2) of it (1.72%) is water. +Education. +People who live in Kingsport use the Kingsport City Schools public school system. The system has eight elementary schools, two middle schools, and one high school. Kingsport is also home to eight private academies. The city is also part of Sullivan county which has 2 other high schools in Kingsport. +While no college or university houses its main campus within the city, Northeast State Community College, East Tennessee State University, and University of Tennessee have branch campuses in Kingsport. +Neighborhoods. +There are several neighborhoods located within or just outside of Kingsport, offering different ways of living: +Sports. +The Kingsport Axman of the Appalachian League, a rookie-level league, play in the city. The team has competed in the city since 1969, with the exception of 1983. The Mets play in Hunter Wright Stadium named after Mayor Hunter Wright. Previously the team was known as the Kingsport Mets. Their name changed in 2020. + += = = Mississippi State University = = = +Mississippi State University is a university in Starkville, Mississippi. It has 20,138 students and is the largest college in the state of Mississippi. The college was opened in 1878 as a land-grant university. Its sports teams are called the Bulldogs (men's teams) and Lady Bulldogs, and play in the Southeastern Conference. + += = = University of Mississippi = = = +The University of Mississippi (also called Ole Miss) is a university in Oxford, Mississippi. The college was founded in 1848. Its sports teams, called the Rebels, play in the Southeastern Conference. +History. +In September 1962, James Meredith won a lawsuit to secure admission to the previously segregated University of Mississippi. He attempted to enter campus on September 20, on September 25, and again on September 26. He was blocked by Mississippi Governor Ross Barnett, who said, "[N]o school will be integrated in Mississippi while I am your Governor." The Fifth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals held Barnett and Lieutenant Governor Paul B. Johnson, Jr. in contempt, with fines of more than $10,000 for each day they refused to allow Meredith to enroll. +Attorney General Robert Kennedy sent U.S. Marshals. On September 30, 1962, Meredith entered the campus under their escort. Students and other whites began rioting that evening, throwing rocks and then shooting guns at the U.S. Marshals guarding Meredith. Two people were killed; 28 marshals suffered gunshot wounds; and 160 others were injured. After the Mississippi Highway Patrol withdrew from the campus, President John F. Kennedy sent regular US Army forces to the campus to quell the riot. Meredith began classes the day after the troops arrived. + += = = Targovishte = = = +Targovishte is a town in the northeastern part of Bulgaria. It is a capital of Targovishte Province. It is 125 km to the west of the Black Sea. About 37,000 people live in the town. + += = = The Gits = = = +The Gits was a punk rock band that formed in Seattle, Washington in 1986 and disbanded in 1993 after the mysterious murder of their lead singer Mia Zapata. Joan Jett who is a long time fan of The Gits wrote a song entitled "Go Home" which was inspired by the death of Mia Zapata. +The band's original name was "Snivelling Little Rat Faced Gits" which was named after a Monty Python skit but they later shortened it to "The Gits". + += = = Penalty shoot-out = = = +A penalty shootout in association football is a way of deciding who wins match if both teams have scored the same number of goals. +If the score is a draw after 90 minutes, usually the teams will play an extra 30 minutes of extra time. If the score is still equal, then a penalty shootout takes place. Usually each team takes five penalties each, and the team who scores the most wins. If both teams are equal after these penalties, then each team will take one more penalty until one team is ahead. +Penalty shootouts are normally only used in cup matches, and not league matches. If nobody wins in a league match, both teams get one point for the draw. In a cup match often a winner in needed to go to the next round. +Many famous cup finals have been won by penalty shootouts, like the 2006 World Cup final, the 2005 UEFA Champions League final and the 1994 World Cup final. +Sources. +FIFA laws of the game + += = = Jersey Shore (TV series) = = = +Jersey Shore is an MTV reality series that features eight housemates who spend their summers in New Jersey and partying in their beach house and working at a store. Season 1 was shot in Seaside Heights, New Jersey and season 2 was shot in Miami, Florida. The cast later returned to Seaside Heights for Season 3 with a new cast member Deena. MTV has later reported that Season 4 of "Jersey Shore" will be filmed in Italy during spring and summer 2011. Also, cast members Snooki and JWoww have a spinoff show. The show has brought a lot of controversy about its use of the slang word "guido/guidette" and how they portray Italian American stereotypes. Despite this, the show has brought record high ratings for MTV, making it the network's most viewed reality show ever. MTV announced that they were going to cancel the series after 6 seasons. + += = = Bloodhound Gang = = = +Bloodhound Gang is a comedy rock band from Pennsylvania. Many of their songs have humorous rap and sexual innuendo. They are best known for their hit singles "Fire Water Burn" and "The Bad Touch". Formed in 1992, their music style slowly changed from rap to alternative rock. The Bloodhound Gang has sold more than 6 million albums. +Members. +Final line-up. +Jimmy Pop – lead vocals, rhythm guitar, songwriter (1991-2015) +Evil Jared Hasselhoff – bass guitar (1995-2015) +Q-Ball – turntables, keyboard, backing vocals (1995-2015) +The Yin – drums, percussion (2006-2015) +Daniel P. Carter - lead guitar (2009-2015) +Former members. +Foof – vocals (1992) +Bubba K. Love – drums (1992-1993) +Daddy Long Legs – vocals, bass guitar (1992-1995) +M.S.G. – turntables (1993-1995) +Skip O'Pot2Mus – drums (1993-1995) +Tard-E-Tard – turntables (1995) +Spanky G – drums (1995-1998) +Lupus Thunder - lead guitar (1994-2008) +Willie The New Guy – drums (1999-2006) + += = = Savior (Rise Against song) = = = +"Savior" is a hit single from the American punk rock band Rise Against's 2008 fifth studio album "Appeal to Reason". It was released as the album's third single on June 3, 2009, and it peaked at number three on "Billboard"'s Alternative Songs chart, better than the peak set by the same album's first single, Re-Education (Through Labor), and at number seven on the Rock Songs chart. It became the band's second single to reach the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, peaking at number 16. It is also Rise Against's highest charting single on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles, peaking at number 2. +The song is downloadable, plus content for the Rock Band series along with "Prayer of the Refugee" and "Re-Education (Through Labor)". Also, in the trailer for the PC game "" the song plays in the background in Simlish. + += = = The Unraveling = = = +The Unraveling is the debut album by the American punk rock band Rise Against. Released on April 24, 2001 and produced by punk producer Mass Giorgini. It is the only Rise Against studio album where frontman Tim McIlrath does only lead vocals and does not play guitar. Two songs, "My Life Inside Your Heart" and "The Art of Losing" were used for the unreleased Dreamcast game Propeller Arena. + += = = Picture book = = = +A picture book is a book that combines words and pictures to tell a story. They are usually for young children to read. The pictures are illustrations that show different parts of the story. The written part of the book is often short and basic, using words that a child can understand. +The earliest illustrated book made for children was "Orbis Pictus" by John Amos Comenius. It was published in 1658. One of the earliest picture books in English was Lewis Carroll's "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" from 1866. The drawings in it were done by John Tenniel. Beatrix Potter's "The Tale of Peter Rabbit" was published in 1902. Potter did all her own illustrations, which are watercolour paintings. Some of the best-known picture books are "Make Way for Ducklings", "The Cat in the Hat", and "Where the Wild Things Are". + += = = Physical Graffiti = = = +Physical Graffiti is the sixth album from rock band Led Zeppelin. It was released on February 24 1975 as a double album. This is the first double album the band released, and the songs were recorded over many years, some were old songs that they did not use for other albums, and some were new ones made for this album. The album was very popular with both critics and fans, and it still is, it has one of their most well known songs, the Arab-sounding "Kashmir". The band had a big tour when the album was released, they played concerts in Europe,the US and ended the touring in May 1975 with five concerts at Earl's Court in London. Some of the songs from their London concerts are on their 2003 DVD. +Other websites. +Official website + += = = Tropical Storm Mekkhala (2008) = = = +Tropical Storm Mekkhala (internationally called: 0816, JTWC designation: 20W) was the 16th Tropical Storm of the 2008 Pacific typhoon season by the Japan Meteorological Agency who are the Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre for the North Western Pacific Ocean. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) have also recognised Mekkhala as the 20th tropical depression, and the 18th tropical storm of the 2008 Pacific typhoon season. Tropical Storm Mekkhala formed off the coast of China on September 25, 2008. + += = = Professional wrestling match types = = = +There are many types of matches in professional wrestling. +Singles match. +A singles match also known as a regular match is between two wrestlers. The first person to either win by pinfall or submission is the winner. If one of the wrestlers gets disqualified, or "counted out" (when a wrestler is caught outside of the ring and the referee counts to either 10 or 20, depending on the companys' rules) they will lose the match. +Cinematic match. +A Cinematic match is where there are many different techniques during the filming of it. Unlike a usual match which is done in one take, a cinematic match is typically filmed over a longer period of time. This type of match became more popular during the COVID-19 pandemic. +Empty Arena match. +An Empty arena match is a falls count anywhere match where the wrestlers start the match inside the ring in an arena that has no fans in it and can only end by pinfall or submission inside or outside of the arena. The only people that are present in the arena are the wrestlers, referee, and the camera crew. One of the first known empty arenas matches took place in 1981 at the Mid South Coliseum in Memphis, Tennessee between Terry Funk and Jerry Lawler. Another well known empty arena match happened between The Rock and Mankind and was shown during the halftime show of Super Bowl XXXIII. +Falls Count Anywhere match. +A Falls Count Anywhere match is a match type where pinfalls or submissions can happen anywhere inside or outside of the arena. Weapons are legal and often used because there are no disqualifications. These types of matches often go into the audience, backstage areas or parking lots. +Flag match. +A Flag match is where flags representing two different countries are placed in neutral corners raised up by a metal pole that is attached to the ring post. To win the match, either wrestler or team of wrestlers must grab their country's flag before the opposition does and raise it to be declared the winner. The only exception to these rules was the flag match that took place at WrestleMania 2 in which the match had to be won by pinfall or submission with the winner of the match getting to wave around their country's flag. +Handicap match. +A Handicap match is where one wrestler or a team competes against a team of wrestlers with a higher number (for example; two vs. one or three vs. two) Usually it is the babyface wrestlers that are outnumbered by the heel wrestlers. Usually in two-on-one Handicap matches, the matches are under tag team rules (The side that has the advantage must tag in and out of the match or risk being disqualified). If both wrestlers on the side with the advantage remain inside the ring at the same time and the referee reaches a count of five, the team or just the illegal wrestler (if elimination rules apply), with the advantage will be disqualified. +Hardcore-type matches. +A hardcore match (also known as a Street Fight, a No Holds Barred match, or other names) is where there are no disqualifications and no countouts. Weapons are allowed to be used and other wrestlers are allowed to interfere in the match. The match must end by pinfall, submission or knockout. +An Unsanctioned match is a match that has no rules and is not recognized as an official match. There is also a version called a Lights Out match where the lights in the arena are dimmed. +A Deathmatch is where there are multiple different weapons used. Popular weapons used are fluorescent light tubes and barbed wire. These matches are usually very bloody and have a high level of violence in them. +A Barbed Wire Ring Rope match is where wrestlers compete in a ring where the regular ring ropes have been replaced with barbed wire. Sometimes the barbed wire is wrapped around the ring ropes. +An Explosion or Bomb Deathmatch is a type of Deathmatch where there are barbed wire ropes and a piece of wooden board with an explosive on it. Sometimes there is a timer which counts down and when it hits 00:00, explosives go off around the ring. The match can either be won by pinfall, submission, or in some cases, throwing the other wrestler into the explosion. For the timer version, wrestlers usually try to finish the match before the timer runs out and the ring explodes. +An Exploding Barbed Wire Deathmatch was done by All Elite Wrestling (AEW) during their Revolution pay-per-view. It was held between Kenny Omega and Jon Moxley for Omega's AEW World Championship. There was a 30-minute timer, barbed wire ropes and three sections around the ringside with explosives. +Monster's Ball match. +A Monster's Ball match is where the wrestlers are locked inside of a pitch black room for 24 hours with no food or water beforehand. When they are let out, they wrestle a No Disqualification match. +Lumberjack match. +A Lumberjack match is a regular match where the outside of the ring is surrounded by wrestlers. The wrestlers that surround the ring are called "lumberjacks" (females wrestlers are sometimes called "lumberjills"). If a wrestler is knocked out of the ring, the lumberjacks/lumberjills will beat him or her up and put them back in. They are usually split in groups of faces and heels. +Casino Battle Royal. +The Casino Battle Royal is a match done by All Elite Wrestling (AEW). The match has similar rules to the Royal Rumble match except it has 21 wrestlers in it. The wrestlers are selected by a suit of cards that they draw. The drawing of the cards is random and the wrestlers come out when the suit is chosen. The last wrestler that comes out is the wrestler who drew The Joker card. The match begins with 5 wrestlers. 5 more wrestlers come out when the clock hits 3 minutes. The winner of the men's version gets a shot at the AEW World Championship and the winner of the women's version gets a shot at the AEW Women's World Championship. +Bra and Panties match. +A bra and panties match is where a female wrestler or team of wrestlers must strip their opponent(s) to their bra and panties to win. +Tuxedo match. +A Tuxedo match is where two wrestlers wear tuxedos and one wrestlers has to tear the tuxedo off of the other to win. +Submission match. +A Submission match is where the wrestler has to make the other wrestler give up by either tapping out or verbally saying that they quit the match. The match can only be won by submission. +A "I Quit" match is where a wrestler must force the other wrestler to say the words "I Quit" in order to win. +Substance match. +A Substance match is where a wrestler has to throw another wrestler into a container filled with something. Female wrestlers used to fight in matches such as a mud wrestling match or chocolate pudding match. At All Out, Orange Cassidy would defeat Chris Jericho in a Mimosa Mayhem Match by throwing him in a giant vat of Mimosa that was at ringside. +Multi-person matches. +An Elimination match is where a wrestler must pin or submit the other wrestlers to eliminate them from the match. The match differs depending on how many wrestlers are in the match. +A Tag Team match is between four wrestlers divided into teams of two. One wrestler of each team stands just outside the ring ropes until he is tagged in by his partner by slapping hands/lightly slapping their partners back with the ref watching or both wrestlers can fight at the same time in a "tornado" format. This match is won by pinfall or submission. +A Tornado Tag Team match is where all the wrestlers can be in the ring at the same time. The match doesn't involve tagging in or out like the rules of a normal tag team match. All Elite Wrestling (AEW) has a version of this match called the Anarchy in the Arena match. +An Elimination Tag Team match is where if a wrestler on a team gets pinned or submitted then they are eliminated from the match. To win the match, all wrestlers from a team must be eliminated. WWE holds a similar match called the Survivor Series Elimination match during their Survivor Series pay-per-views. +A Triple Threat match has three wrestlers instead of two. First wrestler to score a pinfall or submission wins. No disqualification or countouts apply. +A Fatal Four-Way match includes four wrestlers competing against each other at once. The first wrestler scores a pinfall or submission is the winner. No disqualification or countouts apply. +A Six-Pack Challenge is a match where six wrestlers compete against each other all at one time. The wrestler who gets a pinfall or submission is the winner. There are no disqualifications or countouts. +WWE features a match called the Championship Scramble in which none of the wrestlers are eliminated. Two wrestlers start the match and every five minutes another wrestler enters until all five participants are present. After the last wrestler enters, there is a predetermined time limit. Each time a wrestler scores a pinfall or submission, he becomes the interim champion. Such reigns are not recorded as title reigns. The winner is the wrestler who scores the last pinfall or submission before the time limit expires. The Unforgiven pay-per view of 2008 is arguably the most prominent showcase of this match type, as all three world titles were contested under a Championship Scramble match. +A Special Guest Referee match is a match where another wrestler acts as the referee in the match. The referee doesn't have to be a wrestler and come sometimes be an authority figure or celebrity. +Non-Wrestling matches. +An Arm Wrestling match is a "match" (moreso a contest) where two wrestlers arm wrestle each other. It usually ends with one wrestler attacking the other after. +A Boxing match is a match where usual boxing rules are in place. It usually ends in cheating from the heel. +First Blood match. +A First Blood match is a match where there are no disqualifications. To win the match, a wrestler must make their opponent bleed. +No Disqualification match. +A No Disqualification match (also known as a No Holds Barred match) is a match where there are no disqualifications. This means a wrestler can hit another wrestler with a weapon or someone can interfere in the match and they won't lose because of it. +Last Man Standing match. +A Last Man Standing match is where a wrestler has to hurt their opponent enough so he cannot make it to his feet before the count of 10. The one who cannot meet the count loses. There are no pinfalls or submission, no disqualifications, no count outs. +Series matches. +A Best of Series match is where there are multiple match over a period of time. It is usually held in a series of five or seven. To win a Best of Five, the wrestler or team must win three matches. To win a Best of Seven, the wrestler or team must win four matches. +A Gauntlet match is where a wrestler must defeat a number of opponents in order to win. Standard rules apply. +An Iron Man match is a multi-fall match where there is a set time limit. The way to win the match is to have the most points by the end of the time limit. To gain a point, the wrestler must pin or submit their opponent. A point can also be gained by countout or disqualification. If both wrestlers have the same amount of points as the time limit expires, the match is supposed to be declared a draw, but sometimes they will go to "sudden death" rules. (first wrestler to gain a point after the regulation time has expired will gain the victory). Sometimes the "ultimate submission" stipulation is also used as well. +A Two out of Three falls match is where a wrestler or team has to win twice to win the match. They can win by either pinfall, submission, disqualification, or knockout. +A Three Stages of Hell match is a three match series where the wrestler is allowed to pick any three match types. The first wrestler that score two out of three falls declares the winner. +Stipulation matches. +A Kiss My Foot match is a type of singles match where the loser has to kiss the winner's foot. Known matches include Bret Hart vs Jerry Lawler at the King of the Ring pay per view held in 1995 as well as Jerry Lawler vs Michael Cole at the Over the Limit pay per view held in 2011. A similar version of this match is the "Kiss My Ass Match", where the loser had to kiss the winner's butt and was held during WWF's Attitude Era. +A Last Chance match is where a wrestler challenges for a championship. If they lose the match, they are not allowed to challenge the title holder for the championship again. +A Loser Leaves Town match is where if the wrestler loses, they have to leave the company. This match was popular during the days of the wrestling territories in the 1980s. +Luchas de Apuestas (gambling fights) are matches where both of the wrestlers put something on the line, usually their mask or hair. The loser of the match would then lose the thing that they put on the line. A masked wrestler would be forced to unmask and a wrestler that put their hair on the line would be shaven bald. This type of match is popular in Mexico. +A Move match is where a specific wrestling move must be used by a wrestler to win the match. The move depends on the wrestlers in the match or the storyline going into it. +There is also a match called a Banned Move match where a specific move will be banned in the match, usually on of the wrestler's finishing moves. If the wrestler uses the move, they will be disqualified. +A Retirement match is where if the wrestler loses they have to retire from professional wrestling. +Royal Rumble match. +A Royal Rumble match is a 30-man battle royal with a interval time. Only two wrestlers will start the match with the #1 and #2 draw before the next wrestler enters the ring. Eliminations only counts when a wrestler goes over the top rope with both feet touching the floor. The last wrestler remaining is the winner. This match was created by Pat Patterson. +Ambulance match. +An Ambulance match is fought under hardcore rules; the only way to win is for a wrestler to force their opponent into the back of an ambulance and close the door. +Steel Cage match. +A steel cage match takes place in a steel cage which surrounds the ring. You can win by pinfall, submission or escaping the cage by climbing over with both feet hitting the floor outside or by exiting the door with both feet hitting the floor. +Elimination Chamber match. +An Elimination Chamber match takes place in a large, circular steel cage that surrounds the entire ring. The chamber contains four clear, plexiglass pods which holds four of the six wrestlers in the match. A pod opens every five minutes to let another wrestler into the match. A wrestler can be eliminated from the match by either pinfall or submission inside the ring. The last wrestler remaining is the winner. The match was created by Triple H and was introduced by Eric Bischoff in November 2002. +Hell in a Cell match. +A Hell in a Cell match takes place in a large cage which covers beyond the ring apron is lowered around the ring and leaves a small gap between the edge of the ring and the cage wall. It also covers the top of the cage hence the name 'cell'. There is no disqualification and wrestlers are allowed to go outside the cell. The match can be won by pinfall or submission. +During the early Hell in a Cell matches, many wrestlers got injured. A famous moment happened in 1998 at King of the Ring when The Undertaker threw Mankind off the 16-foot (5 m) high cell through the Spanish announcers table. Undertaker also chokeslammed Mankind through the roof of the cell onto a thumbtack-covered mat in the same match. +Lethal Lockdown match. +A Lethal Lockdown match is a steel cage match where two teams face each other and each member of the teams enter similar to the rules of WarGames. A roof is lowered onto the cage when every member of the teams have entered the match. Multiple weapons are given and hung from the roof. +Lion's Den match. +A Lion's Den match takes place in a octagon cage similar to the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). The wrestler must knockout or submit the other wrestler to win the match. The first Lion's Den match took place between Ken Shamrock and Owen Hart at SummerSlam. +Punjab Prison Match. +The Punjabi Prison is one of the unique structures in pro-wrestling. The goal of the match is to escape the two bamboo cages before your opponent does. The Punjabi Prison Match, is a relatively obscure match stipulation — there have only been three in WWE history, The first was The Undertaker vs The Big Show, The Great Khali was originally supposed to be involved in the Big Show’s place but he was forced out of the match after elevated levels of enzymes were found in his liver. The Big Show took Khali’s place and faced off against the Undertaker at the Great American Bash in 2006. Undertaker’s feet ended up hitting the floor first, which gave him the victory. The modern WWE Universe is probably only familiar with the bout as a curiosity coined by The Great Khali, but that doesn’t entirely do justice to the intricacies of the stipulation, or just how brutal the match itself really is. +For starters, while matches like a Steel Cage, Hell in a Cell or even the Elimination Chamber typically trap a Superstar within one enclave, the Punjabi Prison surrounds them with two: First, there are four walls of bamboo that immediately surround the ring in the fashion of a traditional cage. Outside of that stands another, larger, octagonal structure"," topped with a series of razor-sharp bamboo spikes. +WarGames match. +A WarGame match is where there are two rings beside each other and a steel cage surrounding them. Depending on which promotion is doing the match, there is sometimes a roof on the cage. Two teams are locked in the cage and fight. The match starts as a one-on-one match and after five minutes, a new member enters. Every two minutes, a new member of each team enters. The version of WarGames in Jim Crockett Productions and All Elite Wrestling (AEW) have a roof and no pinfalls. AEW's version of WarGames is called Blood and Guts. Dusty Rhodes is credited as the creator of the match. +Inferno match. +An Inferno match is where the ring is completely surrounded by flames when both of the wrestler have entered the ring. The way to win the match is for a wrestler to set their opponent on fire. The match usually ends on the outside so that the paramedics can help the loser of the match. The first inferno match took place at in 1998 where The Undertaker defeated Kane. +Buried Alive match. +A Buried alive match is where there is a grave dug out of dirt found outside the ring. The way to win the match is for a wrestler to throw their opponent into the grave and bury them in dirt. +Casket match. +A casket match, also known as a Coffin match, is where there is a casket near the ring. To win the match, the wrestler has to throw their opponent in the casket and close the lid. +Last Ride match. +A Last Ride match is where a wrestler has to throw the other wrestler into the back of a hearse and close it to win. It is similar to an Ambulance match. +Stretcher match. +A Stretcher match is where a wrestler has to put the other wrestlers body on a stretcher and push them to the top of the entrance ramp to win. +Battle Royal match. +A Battle Royal is a multi-competitor match type in which wrestlers are eliminated until only one is left. Typical battle royals begin with 20 or more participants in the ring all at the same time, who are then eliminated by being thrown over the top rope and having both feet touch the venue floor (this is sometimes referred to as the "Shawn Michaels rule", due to the 1995 Royal Rumble, in which he was thrown over the top rope, hung on to the top rope and only had one foot land on the floor). A variation known as the "Reverse battle royal" existed in TNA. +Stadium Stampede match. +A Stadium Stampede match is match held by All Elite Wrestling (AEW). In a Stadium Stampede match, teams of wrestlers fight around a sports stadium. A ring is set up in the middle of the stadium for wrestlers to use. There are no disqualifications and a wrestler has to pin or submit a wrestler of the other team to win the match. +The first Stadium Stampede match took place at TIAA Bank Field, home of the Jacksonville Jaguars (which is also owned by AEW owner Tony Khan). +Survivor Series Elimination match. +In WWE, these matches are primarily featured during its Survivor Series pay-per-views, where they are billed as a "Survivor Series match". Teams of four or five, though on some occasions as many as seven, compete under elimination rules. All other standard rules apply, and team members may tag in and out in any order. While some teams are already established stables, others may need to recruit members for their team. +Weapons match. +A Chairs match is where the only weapon that is allowed to be used is a steel chair. There are no disqualifications in the match. The wrestler can win by either pinfall or submission. +A Item on a Pole match is where a wrestler has to climb the turnbuckle and obtain the item in order to win. There are no pinfalls, no submissions, no disqualification, or no countouts. +In Impact Wrestling, they have a version called a Feast or Fired match. In the match, there are four briefcases hung on each turnbuckle and each contain a contract for a future championship match. One of them has a pink slip and the wrestler that gets it gets fired. What's in the case is revealed later. The wrestler that has the briefcase can either keep it or give it up to save themselves from a possible firing. +A Biker chain match is where a wrestler has to grab a biker chain that is hanging from a pole. The chain is the only weapon that is allowed in the match. The only biker chain match that has taken place was The Undertaker vs Brock Lesnar at No Mercy. +A Ladder match is where a prize is hung above the ring, usually a championship belt or a briefcase with a contract inside. To win you must climb a ladder and retrieve the prize. Weapons are legal in this match type. +A Casino Ladder match is held by All Elite Wrestling (AEW). A giant poker chip is hung above the ring. 2 wrestlers try to climb the ladder a get the chip. A new wrestler enters the match ever 2 minutes. The wrestler who gets the chip, gets a future shot at the AEW World Championship. +A King of the Mountain match is where five wrestlers fight and a hook is hung above the center of the ring. When a wrestler pins or submits another wrestler, they become "eligible" and are able to win the match. The wrestler that got either pinned or submitted has to sit in a penalty box at ringside for two minutes. To win the match, the wrestler has to hang an object (usually a championship) on the hook above the ring. The first Queen of the Mountain match took place at Slammiversary. +A tables, ladders and chairs match (abbreviated to TLC) is a match where tables, ladders and steel chairs can be used as weapons. The first TLC match took place at SummerSlam in 2000 between Edge and Christian, The Dudley Boyz, and The Hardy Boyz. To win you must climb a ladder and retrieve the prize. Weapons are legal in this match type. +Impact Wrestling has a version called a Full Metal Mayhem match where there are more weapons like thumbtacks added. +An Ultimate X match is where there is a steel pillar on four sides of the ring and a steel X connecting each pillar across the ring. There are two cables also connected across the ring. Either a red X or the X Division Championship hangs in the middle of the cables. The wrestler has to crawl across the cable, reach and take down the hanging object to win. This match is held in Impact Wrestling. +A Pillow Fight is a match where a wrestler has to pin or submit the other wrestler to win. Surrounding the ring a multiple pillows for the wrestlers to hit each other with and a bed is placed in the middle of the ring. There is a version called the Lingerie Pillow Fight where the wrestlers have to wear lingerie and the Pajama Pillow Fight where the wrestlers where pajamas. +Strap match. +A strap match is where the competitors are placed on the opposite ends of a restraint to keep them in close physical proximity. By definition the strap and anything tied to it are considered legal and in play weapons. The most common rule for victory is for one wrestler to have to go around the ring, touching all four corners in order without stopping but if a wrestler stops touching the corners then it will reset and have to start over again. There are no pinfalls, no submissions, no disqualifications, or countouts in this match. +A Dog collar match is a match where the competing wrestlers are bound together by the neck with dog collars and a chain. +Tables match. +A Tables match is where a wrestler must put their opponent through a table with an offensive move in order to win. The match can also be used in tag teams, under an elimination match and during a one "fall" rules match. There is also a hardcore version where the wrestler must put the opponent through a table that has been set on fire. +Winner Takes All match. +A Winner Takes All match is where the champion challenges another champion for his/her championship in a "champion vs. champion" stipulation. + += = = Igor Shpilband = = = +Igor Shpilband (, born July 1964) is a former Soviet ice dancer and current ice dancing coach of Scott Moir and Tessa Virtue, who won the gold medal for ice dancing at the 2010 Winter Olympics. +Personal life. +Shpilband was born in Moscow, Soviet Union. He defected to the United States in January 1990 with Veronica Pershina, Gorsha Sur, and Elena Krikanova and went to live with Lucile Begrow in Huntington Woods, Michigan for a few months. Shpilband became a United States citizen in 2000. +He was married to Veronica Pershina. Their daughter Ekaterina Shpilband is also an ice skater. +Competitive & coaching career. +He won the 1983 World Junior Figure Skating Championships with his partner Tatiana Gladkova. They were coached by Ludmila Pakhomova. Shpilband retired from competitive skating after Ludmila died in 1986. +He worked as a coach at the Detroit Skating Club when he came to the US. He later began coaching in Canton, Michigan. + += = = David Lange = = = +David Lange (4 August 1942—13 August 2005) was the Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1984 to 1989. +Early life. +Lange was born in Otahuhu, Auckland. In 1954, he went to a political meeting which made him want to go into politics. After his father was charged with indecent assault, he decided that he would become a solicitor. After finishing school at Otahuhu College, he went to Auckland University to study law in 1960, and graduated in 1966. +In 1967, he was working as a barrister and solicitor in New Zealand. He took over a legal practice in Kaikohe in 1968. He married Naomi Crampton in 1968. He completed his Master of Laws with Honours in 1970. +Politics. +Lange became active in politics when he joined the Labour Party in 1963, while he was still at university. He first tried to get elected to the Auckland City Council in 1974, but did not get enough votes. In 1975, he tried to get a seat in Parliament, but again was unsuccessful. A third attempt in 1977 was successful and he won the seat of Mangere. He held this seat until he left politics in 1996. His first speech in the parliament was very successful and he was seen as a possible leader of the Labor Party. In 1979 he was made the Deputy Leader, and in 1982 Lange was made the leader. When the Labor Party won the elections in 1984, David Lange became Prime Minister of New Zealand. +While he was prime minister, Lange passed a policy in 1985 to not let nuclear-armed ships into New Zealand waters. +He resigned in 1989. He and his wife Naomi separated in the same year after 21 years of marriage. Lange married Margret Pope in 1992. + += = = Asian emerald cuckoo = = = +The Asian emerald cuckoo is a species of cuckoo in the Cuculidae family. +It lives in Southeast Asia, in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. The Asian emerald cuckoo is a protected animal in Malaysia. +Its scientific name is "Chrysococcyx maculatus". +This bird is not in the Cuculinae subfamily, and so it is not a nest parasite. They raise their own young, like most birds. Emerald cuckoos lay eggs in a nest built by the parents. + += = = Molecular clock = = = +The molecular clock is the figurative term for a technique which estimates when two taxa diverged in evolution. It is based on comparing the detailed structure of key molecules. The method may be done for species, or any high data used for such calculations is often nucleotide sequences in genome analysis, or amino acid sequences for proteins such as haemoglobin. It is sometimes called a "gene clock" or "evolutionary clock". +Issues. +The key assumption behind the technique is that, in the long run, changes in molecular structure happen at a steady rate. +Researchers such as Ayala have challenged this assumption. According to Ayala, these factors combine to limit the application of molecular clock models: +Nevertheless, the method is now used widely in taxonomy and phylogeny. + += = = Strawberry = = = +A strawberry is a short plant in the wild strawberry genus of the rose family. It is a widely grown hybrid species of the genus "Fragaria". The name is used for its very common sweet edible "fruit" and for flavors that taste like it. +The real fruit of the plant are the tiny "seeds" around the "fruit". The fruit is actually a sweet swelling of the plant's stem around the real fruit, which people call the pips. +The plant grown today is a mix of two other species of wild strawberries. It was first grown in the 1750s. +Name. +The Latin name of the strawberry used in science is '× '. ' is the name of the genus of "strawberry-like" plants. The × mark means that it is a hybrid, a mix of two other species. The Latin name ' says the hybrid is "pineapple-like". The strawberry is sometimes called the "gardenstrawberry" so that people don't mix it up with the other wild strawberries of the genus "". +The name is a bit misleading and is special to English. The other Germanic languages do not have a name like it. No one is really sure where the name came from. The plant is not a kind of straw, and its fruit is not really a berry. +History. +People have eaten different kinds of wild strawberries for thousands of years. Today's bigger strawberry was first made around Brest in Brittany (northwest France) in the 1750s. It was made by joining the Virginia strawberry from eastern North America to the European Hautbois and the Chilean strawberry from western South America. +Farming. +Most strawberries are grown on farms. Strawberry farmers often have bees in hives. The bees pollinate the strawberries. +Strawberry stems are called runners. They grow above ground. They are a type of stolon. +Fruit. +The real fruit of the strawberries are the achenes, which people usually think of as the little seeds around the outside of the larger red "fruit". This kind of fruit, where different ovaries grow into a single larger "fruit", is called an "aggregate fruit". +Strawberries are rich in vitamin C and manganese. + += = = Key lime pie = = = +Key lime pie is an American dessert made of key lime juice, egg yolks, and sweetened condensed milk in a pie crust. One version uses the egg whites and has a meringue topping. The dish is named after key limes ("Citrus aurantifolia" 'Swingle'), but it is sometimes made with other types of lime. +The filling in key lime pie is yellow, mostly because of the egg yolks. When it is being mixed, the condensed milk and the acidic lime juice react and make the filling become thick. Many early recipes for key lime pie did not tell the cook to bake the pie because they used this reaction to make the filling thick. Today, because of food safety, the pies are often baked for a short time. The baking thickens the filling even more. +This delectable dessert derives it's decidedly delicious domicile down in the depths of Key West, Florida. + += = = Molecular evolution = = = +Molecular evolution is the process of evolution in DNA, RNA, and proteins. +Molecular evolution emerged as a scientific field in the 1960s as researchers from molecular biology, evolutionary biology and population genetics sought to understand the structure and function of nucleic acids and protein. Some of the key topics have been the evolution of enzyme function, the use of nucleic acid changes as a molecular clock to study species divergence, and the origin of non-functional or junk DNA. +Recent advances in genomics, including whole-genome sequencing, and bioinformatics have led to a dramatic increase in studies on the topic. In the 2000s, the role of gene duplication, the extent of adaptive molecular evolution versus neutral genetic drift, and the identification of molecular changes responsible for various human characteristics especially those pertaining to infection, disease, and cognition. +Molecular study of phylogeny. +Molecular systematics is the process of using data on the DNA, RNA, or proteins to resolve questions in phylogeny and taxonomy. The idea is to place groups in their correct position on the evolutionary tree. This corrects their biological classification from the point of view of evolution. The technique has already led to major changes in the taxonomy of living things, including the names for higher categories, which had been stable for well over a century. +Molecular systematics has been made possible by techniques for sequence analysis. This gives the exact sequence of nucleotides or bases in either DNA or RNA. At present it is still expensive to sequence the entire genome of an organism, but it has been done for over 100 species. + += = = Sequence analysis = = = +Sequence analysis in molecular biology involves identifying the sequence of nucleotides in a nucleic acid, or amino acids in a peptide or protein. Once a sample has been obtained, DNA sequences may be produced automatically by machine and the result displayed on computer. Interpreting those results is still a task for humans. +Information from sequence analysis is used in many fields of biology. It gives information on the relationship between individual organisms, or between groups of organisms. It shows how closely related they are. +DNA base-pair sequence. +A DNA sequence is the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule. It is written as a succession of letters representing the primary structure of a DNA molecule or strand. If functional, such a sequence carries information for the sequence of amino acids in a protein molecule. The possible letters are A, C, G, and T, representing the four nucleotide bases of a DNA strand — adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine. The sequences are printed next to one another, without gaps, as in the sequence AAAGTCTGAC. +The study of RNA and proteins is more complex. The overall structure of DNA is simple and predictable (double helix). The study of RNA and proteins must include a study of their 3-dimensional structure, which is varied, and influences how they work. To some extent this can be assisted by computer, but has to be verified in each case. +Information on sequences is kept in databases. Since the development of fast production of gene and protein sequences during the 1990s, the rate of addition of new sequences to the databases increases all the time. +Score. +Complete genome analysis has been done on over 800 species and strains. The work is done by a machine, the DNA sequencer, which analyses light signals from fluorochromes attached to the nucleotides. This type of work is gradually becoming less expensive. +Rough totals. +As of December 2012, whole genome analysis has been completed on about 800 to 900 living species and strains of species. Numbers are approximate, and changing. +Human DNA sequence. +The human genome is stored on 23 chromosome pairs in the cell nucleus and in the small mitochondrial DNA. A great deal is now known about the sequences of DNA which are on our chromosomes. What the DNA actually does is now partly known. Applying this knowledge in practice has only just begun. +The Human Genome Project (HGP) produced a reference sequence which is used worldwide in biology and medicine. "Nature" published the publicly funded project's report, and "Science" published Celera's paper. These papers described how the draft sequence was produced, and gave an analysis of the sequence. Improved drafts were announced in 2003 and 2005, filling in to ≈92% of the sequence. +The latest project ENCODE studies the way the genes are controlled. +Forensic work. +It is not necessary to have whole genome sequences for forensic work, such as identifying a criminal from traces of DNA left at a crime scene, or for paternity cases. At present whole genome sequencing is still very expensive, but fortunately, simpler and cheaper methods are available. +The basic idea is to look at certain loci (places) in the genome which are highly variable between people. About 10 to 15 of these loci are needed for a match, and the legal details differ between countries. A match between a sample and a suspect individual makes it extremely likely that the individual was the source of the sample. This evidence would then be the basis of the prosecution case for a crime. A similar analysis would show that a man was very likely the father of a child. This is really a modern way to do what was done with blood groups before DNA details could be analysed. The methods have been developed mainly by the work of Alec Jeffreys. +Each person’s DNA contains two alleles of a particular gene or 'marker': one from the father and one from the mother. 'Markers' are genes chosen for having a number of different alleles occurring frequently in the population. The following table is from a commercial DNA paternity testing experiment. It shows how relatedness between parents and child is demonstrated with five markers: +The results show that the child and the alleged father’s DNA match for these five markers. The complete test results showed this correlation on 16 markers between the child and the tested man. If a case is tested in court, a forensic scientist would give evidence on the likelihood of getting that result by chance. +DNA testing in the US. +There are state laws on DNA profiling in all 50 states of the United States. Detailed information on database laws in each state can be found at the National Conference of State Legislatures website. +Ancient DNA. +Ancient DNA has been recovered from some sources. The record for survival of DNA suitable for sequence analysis is 700,000 years. A horse skeleton buried in permafrost has provided bones with some DNA surviving. The sequence was only 70% complete, but it was enough for researchers to say "It would not look like a horse as we know it... but we would expect it to be a one-toed horse". For comparison, researchers had access to DNA sequences of modern horses, donkeys and Przewalski's horse. + += = = Riverina = = = +The Riverina () is a large farming area in the south west of New South Wales, Australia. It has flat plains, warm to hot climate and a large supply of water for irrigation. This has allowed the Riverina to become one of the most productive and agriculturally varied areas of Australia. With the state of Victoria to the south, and the mountains of the Great Dividing Range to the east, the Riverina covers those areas of New South Wales in the Murray and Murrumbidgee river systems. +The Riverina has been home to Aboriginal groups for over 40,000 years. It was first settled by Europens in the mid-19th century as a pastoral region growing beef and wool for markets in Australia and overseas. In the 20th century, the building of major irrigation areas in the Murray and Murrumbidgee valleys has led to the introduction of crops such as rice and grapes. The Riverina has strong links to Victoria, and the region was the source of much of the push behind the federation of Australian colonies. +The major cities and towns in the Riverina include Wagga Wagga, Albury and Griffith. Albury and Wagga Wagga are home to campuses of Charles Sturt University. Wagga Wagga is home to two major Australian Defence Force bases. +Geography. +The area of the Riverina region is not fixed, but it usually includes the farming and pastoral areas of New South Wales, west of the Great Dividing Range and in the drainage basin of the snow-fed Murray and Murrumbidgee Rivers. The north edge of the Riverina is the Lachlan River catchment area known as the Central West. Along the Murray to the south, the Riverina border is the state of Victoria. West of where the Murray and Murrumbidgee meet, is the beginning of the drier Far West region. +In general, the Riverina is an alluvial plain formed by soil carried from the Great Dividing Range by streams between 30,000 and 15,000 years ago. The landscape includes rolling hills to the east but then becomes flatter to the west with most of that plain reaching less than above sea level. The western Riverina is mainly flat saltbush plain. +Landforms and water. +The geology of the Riverina has several troughs and sedimentary basins. The western Riverina is thought to be the end of the Ballarat and Bendigo geological zone. The eastern part is over the top of the western part of the Lachlan Fold Belt. It is possible that the Riverina has mineral deposits including coal, petroleum, coal seam methane, gypsum, gold, Cobar style polymetallic systems, heavy mineral sands and possibly diamonds in these fold belt rocks and basins. Riverina soils are generally sandy along the rivers, with more saline grey and brown clays found on rarely flooded areas on the edge of the floodplain. As the Murrumbidgee flows downstream, the water and soil become more saline. +The Riverina is drained by the large Murray-Darling Basin. Rivers and streams in the Riverina generally flow east to west. As well as the Murray, Murrumbidgee and Lachlan, other streams include Billabong Creek and the Edward River, an anabranch of the Murray. Much of the water carried by these streams is taken out for other uses. In 2001–2002, 52% of the Murray and Murrumbidgee water was taken, with 77% of that water used for irrigation. + += = = Phylogeny = = = +A phylogeny is a proposal of how organisms are related by their evolutionary history.p336 It is based on the evidence that all living things are related by common descent. The evidence for phylogeny comes from palaeontology, comparative anatomy, and DNA sequence analysis. +The main product of phylogenetics is a phylogenetic tree or tree of life. This is a diagram showing a pattern of ancestor/descendent relationships. Information may be related to geological periods or estimated dates. A biological classification is another type of product. + += = = Asana = = = +Asana is a body position in Yoga. It can mean where a person sits, and the way that they sit. It helps to balance the mind and body. It is meant to be firm, yet comfortable. +All the many different body positions in Yoga are "Asana"s: they all have their own names and every name ends with "asana", such as sav"asana" (correct lying). Many have names of animals, such as bujang"asana" (cobra). Others have names that describe the position, such as shirsh"asana" (head). + += = = Fedora = = = +A fedora is a hat. The name of the hat comes from a play called Fédora by Victorien Sardou, named after the main character. Popular in the early 20th century, it has become a stereotype for gangsters or private investigators (PIs). +They mainly come in black, sometimes with a band of coloured fabric around the rim. +Some people, such as Jack Abramoff and Richard W. Lariviere, become known for wearing fedoras. + += = = Black francolin = = = +The black francolin ("Francolinus francolinus") is a gamebird in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds. + += = = Giant Gippsland earthworm = = = +The giant Gippsland earthworm ("Megascolides australis") is one of Australia's 1,000 native earthworm species. These Giant earthworms average at 100 cm long and 2 cm in diameter and can reach 3 m in length. It is difficult to measure length, as the worms will stretch, so scientists use weight to estimate the size. The average weight of a fresh adult worm is about 200 grams. They have a dark purple head and a blue-gray body. +The worms are found in the Bass River Valley of South Gippsland, near Korumburra and Warragul. They are only found in a small area, of about 100,000 hectares. They live in small pockets of blue-grey clay close to water. They live in burrows about 500mm deep, and can burrow as deep as 1.5m. +The habitat the worms used to live in was tall eucalypt forests. Most of this has been cleared for farming, but the worms have continued to survive because they live deep underground. They have been listed a vulnerable species because of these changes. The worms only lay a single egg, between 4-7cm in size. These can take up to one year to hatch, and the worms take several years to become adults, and be able to reproduce. This slow rate of growth, also makes them a vulnerable species. + += = = Himalayan monal = = = +The Himalayan monal ("Lophophorus impejanus"), also known as the Impeyan monal or pheasant, is a bird in the pheasant family, Phasianidae. Its discoverer, Latham, wrote in his "General History of Birds" (1821): "[the monal] inhabits India, but is not common, being brought from the hills in the northern parts of Hindustan to Calcutta, as a rarity. Lady Impey attempted, with great prospect of success, to bring some of them to England, but after living on board for two months they caught a disorder from the other poultry, and died". +It is the national bird of Nepal, where it is known as the danphe (or Danfe), and is mentioned frequently in Nepali songs. It is also the state bird of Uttarakhand, India. In Kashmir, it is the state/regional bird of the disputed territory. +Description. +The Himalayan monal is a relatively large-sized pheasant. The males of this species look quite different from the females of the species. The male Himalayan monals have bright and colorful feathers of blue, green, purple, and red. They have a white patch of feathers underneath the base of their tail, but the rest of their underside is black. The males also have a crest (several feathers) on top of their heads. Both the male and female of the species have blue circles of skin around their eyes. The females and the young birds (chicks) have an overall brown appearance. Their feathers also have white and black strips on certain parts. The females have a white throat. +The male chicks look like the females chicks until a little after a year when they begin to become more colorful. Before then you could tell the young male and females apart because of their larger size and black feathers, instead of white feathers, on the throat. + += = = Himalayan snowcock = = = +The Himalayan snowcock ("Tetraogallus himalayensis") is a snowcock in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds. + += = = Kashmir nuthatch = = = +The Kashmir nuthatch ("Sitta cashmirensis") is a species of bird in the Sittidae family. + += = = Snow partridge = = = +The snow partridge ("Lerwa lerwa") is a gamebird in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds. + += = = Richard Baer = = = +Richard Baer (September 9, 1911 - June 17, 1963) was the third German commander of the concentration camp Auschwitz. + += = = Black-throated loon = = = +The black-throated loon ("Gavia arctica"), also known as the Arctic loon and the black-throated diver, is a medium-sized member of the loon or diver family, the Gaviidae. +It is a migratory aquatic bird found in the northern hemisphere. It usually breeds in freshwater lakes in northern Europe and Asia. It winters along sheltered, ice-free coasts of the north-east Atlantic Ocean and the eastern and western Pacific Ocean. + += = = Little grebe = = = +The little grebe ("Tachybaptus ruficollis"), also known as dabchick, is 23 to 29 cm in length. + += = = Tampa Bay = = = +Tampa Bay is a bay in St. Petersburg, Florida, USA that spreads trough Hillsborough Bay, Old Tampa Bay, Middle Tampa Bay, and Lower Tampa Bay. + += = = Tibetan partridge = = = +The Tibetan partridge ("Perdix hodgsoniae") is a gamebird in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds. + += = = Tibetan sandgrouse = = = +The Tibetan sandgrouse ("Syrrhaptes tibetanus") is a large bird in the sandgrouse family. This species breeds on the dry stony plateaus in Tibet and neighbouring parts of central Asia. + += = = Tibetan snowcock = = = +The Tibetan snowcock ("Tetraogallus tibetanus") is a cock in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds. + += = = Upland buzzard = = = +The upland buzzard ("Buteo hemilasius") is a species of bird of prey in the Accipitridae family. + += = = Western tragopan = = = +The western tragopan or western horned tragopan ("Tragopan melanocephalus") is a medium-sized brightly plumaged pheasant found along the Himalayas. + += = = Red-necked grebe = = = +The red-necked grebe ("Podiceps grisegena") is a bird migration aquatic bird that is found in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. + += = = Horned grebe = = = +The horned grebe or Slavonian grebe ("Podiceps auritus") - "Podiceps": Latin for "podicis" (rump) and "pedis" (foot), referring to the placement of the legs on its body; "auritus": Latin for "eared" - is a member of the grebe family of water birds. It inhabits Eurasia and North America. +References. +<br> + += = = Black-necked grebe = = = +The black-necked grebe ("Podiceps nigricollis"), known in North America as the eared grebe, is a member of the grebe family (biology) of water birds. It occurs on every continent except Australia and Antarctica. + += = = Jouanin's petrel = = = +Jouanin's petrel ("Bulweria fallax") is a seabird in the Procellariidae family. It is present in the northwest Indian Ocean and south Arabian Sea. +It is native to Oman, Somalia and Yemen. Its natural habitats are open seas and shallow seas. It has been recorded breeding on Socotra. + += = = Flesh-footed shearwater = = = +The Flesh-footed Shearwater, "Puffinus carneipes", is a small shearwater. Its plumage is black. It has pale pinkish feet, and a pale bill with a black tip. + += = = Wedge-tailed shearwater = = = +The wedge-tailed shearwater ("Puffinus pacificus") is a medium-large shearwater in the seabird family Procellariidae. + += = = Bobby Jindal = = = +Piyush "Bobby" Jindal (born June 10, 1971) is an American politician. He was Governor of Louisiana between 2008 and 2016. Before becoming Governor, he was a Republican Representative in the United States Congress. After his gubernatorial tenure, he was a Republican candidate for President of the United States in the 2016 Presidential elections. +Jindal became governor at the age of 36, making him one of the youngest citizens ever elected to the Governor's office. +Early life. +Jindal was born in Baton Rouge to Indian parents, Amar and Raj Jindal, who had immigrated to Louisiana in 1971. He grew up in Baton Rouge and went to school there. Jindal received secondary education at Brown University and Oxford University with concentrations in government and medicine. After graduating from college, Jindal helped several businesses in Louisiana. +Governor of Louisiana (2008-16). +Jindal took the oath of office on January 14, 2008 at age 36, becoming the youngest sitting governor in the US and the first Indian-American governor in United States history. Later in his tenure, he was the second youngest governor after fellow Republican Governor Nikki Haley of South Carolina. Jindal and Haley are the only Indian-Americans to hold the office of governor in any state in the United States. +Jindal is a conservative Republican who believes in lowering taxes for all classes. As governor, Jindal fought against dishonest politicians. Jindal favors relaxed gun laws and has spoken at the National Rifle Association of America. +Jindal, traditionally an opponent of excess federal expenditures and activity in states, asked for federal money and manpower after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. He was heavily criticized by the White House and others for insisting that the States be responsible for their own affairs. After Hurricane Katrina, he was critical that the Federal government would not do more, faster. +He also came under criticism for never asking for more safety inspectors (the Gulf inspectors are a small fraction of the staffing of other regions relative to the number of offshore oil wells.) Jindal also never spoke against the safety record of BP prior to the spill. Defenders of his record argue that he and other Louisiana politicians, made a reasonable tradeoff decision, and Federal resources should be used to assist Louisiana since the oil that is produced benefits the entire country. +On January 11, 2016, Jindal left office due to term limits. He was succeeded by John Bel Edwards. +Personal life. +Jindal is a Catholic and was baptized during college. He is married to Supriya Jindal, with whom he has three children. +2016 presidential campaign. +On May 18, 2015, Jindal formed a presidential exploratory committee to determine whether he would run as a candidate in the 2016 Presidential election. Jindal announced his candidacy on June 24th, 2015. He was the first Indian - American to run for president. After poor debate performances and polling numbers, Jindal officially suspended his presidential campaign on November 17th, 2015, saying "this [was] not [his] time". He subsequently endorsed Marco Rubio. + += = = Hagfish = = = +Hagfish are craniates in the superclass Cyclostomata, class Myxini. Hagfish do not have a skeleton, except they do have a skull, which is made of cartilage. +Because of this, many researchers think Myxini should not be in the subphylum Vertebrata. However, because of its fins and gills, they are called fish. They are marine, meaning they live in the sea. +The original 19th century classification groups hagfish and lampreys together as cyclostomes (or historically, Agnatha), as the oldest surviving class of vertebrates alongside gnathostomes . An alternative scheme proposed that jawed vertebrates are more closely related to lampreys than to hagfish, so vertebrates include lampreys but exclude hagfish. +Recent DNA evidence supports the original scheme. +Description. +Hagfish are usually about half a meter (18 in) long. They have long, eel-like bodies. Hagfish's eyes are small and not very useful, because the hagfish uses mostly its senses of smell and touch to find food. The whiskers near the hagfish's mouth are called barbels, and are used for touching. They have four hearts, two brains, and no backbone. A fish which looks like the hagfish is the lamprey. +Feeding. +Hagfish eat invertebrates (animals such as worms) and are also scavengers, eating fish which are dead or dying. Hagfish have four sets of teeth on their tongue to bite pieces of flesh from its prey. They use these tongue teeth to eat. The teeth pinch together to lock onto its food, helping it tear into dead and dying fish which have sunk to the bottom of the sea, where it lives. Often, a hagfish digs into the dead fish that it is eating, removing the insides of the dead fish. +Usually, people only see hagfish when nets that sweep the sea floor are pulled up. Every fish, even the dead ones at the bottom of the sea, are brought up into the boat by the net. In some of those dead fish, hagfish are found eating. The smelly fish are dumped onto the deck of ships with the hagfish poking out from their bodies. +Slime. +When hagfish are afraid, they make slime. This slime comes out of the sides of the hagfish's body. They are able to make enough slime to completely fill a two-gallon bucket. The reason such a small fish can make so much slime is because the slime comes out in strings that quickly swell up much bigger when they are in the water.Their unusual way of eating and their slime has made many people call the hagfish the most "disgusting" of all sea creatures. Although hagfish are sometimes called "slime eels," they are not eels at all. +Uses of hagfish. +Food. +Hagfish are usually not eaten by humans in most countries. However, meat from the inshore hagfish (a type of hagfish known as "kkomjangeo" (���) or "meokjango" (���) in Korean and "Nuta-unagi" in Japanese) is a popular food in Korea. +Material. +Hagfish skin is used to make leather for wallets and belts. When this leather is sold, it is called "eel skin". +Slime. +Scientists are studying hagfish slime to see if they can use it to make things. The strings of protein in hagfish slime are thin and strong, so they are a useful material. Because it is not made from oil, hagfish slime would be more environmentally friendly than the plastics that we use now. + += = = Population (statistics) = = = +In statistics, a population is a set of things from which samples may be drawn. This allows statistical inferences to be drawn, or estimates made of the total population. For example, if we were interested in crows, then we would sample the set of crows which is of interest. The population of crows is limited to crows that exist now or in the future. Probably, geography will be a limitation in practice. To fairly represent the whole population a sample needs to be random. +Population is also used to refer to a set of measurements or values, not only cases actually observed. Suppose, for example, we are interested in the set of all adult crows now alive in the county of Cambridgeshire, and we want to know the mean weight of these birds. For each bird in the population of crows there is a weight, and the set of these weights is called the population of weights. + += = = Biota = = = +A biota is a term used for all the living things at a certain time at a certain place. Examples of biota include Cambrian biota and Madagascan biota. Because it includes all the living members of a given environment, the term is used especially in ecology. A similar term is biome, which is used to refer to geographical regions and environments. Tundra, for example, is a biome. +Flora, fauna and other forms of life such as fungi are collectively called biota. + += = = Short-tailed shearwater = = = +The short-tailed shearwater ("Ardenna tenuirostris", formerly "Puffinus tenuirostris") is a migratory seabird of the Procellariidae family. It breeds in Tasmania and south-eastern Australia. It can also be called yolla or moonbird, and is commonly known as the muttonbird in Australia. +References. +<br> + += = = BOINC = = = +BOINC, or The Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing, is a software that allows any group or individual who wishes to run calculations in a distributed setting to setup a BOINC project website and server. Volunteers attach to one or more chosen projects and allow their computer's idle time to process the work. SETI, or Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence, is the most popular of the BOINC projects. SETI searches for radio signals from outer space that might be a sign of alien life and worlds. There are many BOINC projects that compete for volunteers. For example, it allows individuals to use their computer to find the structures of proteins, a cure for the disease malaria or the very structure of our galaxy, the Milky Way. + += = = Human Rights Campaign = = = +The Human Rights Campaign is an organization that supports the rights of gay, bi-sexual or transgender men and women in the United States. They are the largest such group in the United States, with over 750,000 members and people who support them. The HRC works to ensure that the rights of these individuals are protected and respected throughout the United States. One issue that the HRC works on is to make sure that individuals have the right to marry people of the same sex if they want. + += = = Rachel Maddow = = = +Rachel Anne Maddow (born April 1, 1973) is an American progressive female talk show host on the television network MSNBC, where she is the host of "The Rachel Maddow Show". She is the first openly gay host of a primetime network news series. + += = = Secular Coalition for America = = = +The Secular Coalition for America is an organization that supports the principle that the government should not interfere with religion nor should it promote or endorse a religious view. It is made up of humanists, atheists, agnostics, freethinkers and theists along other organizations who support these basic ideals. Member organizations include Atheist Alliance International, the Institute for Humanist Studies, the Secular Student Alliance, the Secular Web, American Humanist Association, Society for Humanistic Judaism, the Freedom From Religion Foundation, the Military Association of Atheists and Freethinkers, the American Ethical Union, Camp Quest and American Atheists. The Secular Coalition for America urges Congress to support the principles of making sure the government is not promoting religion and is being neutral towards religion. + += = = Ornette Coleman = = = +Randolph Denard Ornette Coleman (March 9, 1930 – June 11, 2015) was an American jazz musician. He plays the saxophone, violin and trumpet. He is also a composer. He was one of the people that helped make a new jazz style called free jazz, in the 1960s. Coleman's music is also like blues music. His album "Sound Grammar" won the 2007 Pulitzer Prize for music. +Early career. +Coleman was born in Fort Worth, Texas. He began playing R&B and bebop music, at first on the tenor saxophone. He wanted to leave his home town so he got a job in 1949 with a traveling show. Then he played with touring R&B shows. In Baton Rouge, he was attacked and his saxophone was destroyed. After that he changed to the alto saxophone, and that is still the instrument he usually plays. He joined a band and traveled with them to Los Angeles, in California. He worked at different jobs while still trying to be successful as a musician. +From the start, Coleman played his music differently to other musicians. Some Los Angeles jazz musicians thought he was playing out of tune. In 1958 Coleman made a record called "Something Else!!!!: The Music of Ornette Coleman". Other musicians like Don Cherry, Billy Higgins, Don Payne and Walter Norris also played on the record. +"The Shape of Jazz to Come". +Coleman was very busy in 1959. His made a record called "Tomorrow Is the Question!". He played on this ecord with a quartet. He did not play with a piano player. He started working with a record label called Atlantic Records. He made a record called "The Shape of Jazz to Come" in 1959. A music critic called Steve Huey said it was a very important jazz record. The album was different from other jazz music. +Coleman's quartet played at a jazz club in New York City. They were popular with other musicians like Leonard Bernstein and Lionel Hampton. Other musicians like Miles Davis did not like his music. +Coleman often played a plastic saxophone. He had first bought a plastic one in Los Angeles in 1954 because he could not afford a metal one. He did not like the sound of the plastic saxophone at first. Now he plays a metal saxophone. +"Free Jazz". +In 1960, Coleman made a record called "". It was nearly 40 minutes long. It is one of the longest jazz performances on a record. It was an important record in jazz and now there is a jazz style called free jazz. +Death. +Coleman died of a cardiac arrest at the age of 85 in New York City on June 11, 2015. + += = = Elizabeth Dole = = = +Elizabeth Hanford Dole (born July 29, 1936) was a United States Senator. She was the Secretary of Transportation in Ronald Reagan's administration and the US Secretary of Labor for George H.W. Bush. She is the widow of former Senator Bob Dole, who ran for president but did not win. + += = = Royal Army Ordnance Corps = = = +The Royal Army Ordnance Corps was a corps of the British Army. It dealt only with the supply and maintenance of weaponry, munitions and other military equipment until 1965, when it took over most other supply functions, as well as the provision of staff clerks, from the Royal Army Service Corps. + += = = British Home Guard = = = +The British Home Guard was a defence organisation of the British Army during World War II. It was a secondary defence line. It was meant to stop invasion by Nazi forces. +The Home Guard existed from 1940 to 1944. It was composed of one and a half million volunteers who were otherwise not allowed to go into military service. The main reason for this was old age. This led to the nickname "Dad's Army". The Home Guard guarded the coastal areas of Britain from enemy threats, like paratroopers. They also helped guard some industrial areas, such as factories and airfields. It was widely popularised after the war by the comedy show "Dad's Army". +History. +The beginning of the Home Guard are usually traced back to Captain Tom Wintringham. When returning from the Spanish Civil War, Wintringham wrote a book called "How To Reform The Army". In it, he writes about how Britain could make something similar to the Spanish International Brigades in the Civil War. Although the book was well received, many of its suggestions were ignored at the time. This was because the tensions in Europe did not seem likely to escalate into war. +Following a series of events, Anthony Eden, the Secretary of State for War at the time, gave a radio broadcast on 19 May 1940. He asked for volunteers to join the Local Defence Volunteers, as it was known in the start. It originally was given jobs that were not related to combat. It worked as a sort of 'armed police force'. However, after complaints from members, the government allowed it to "delay and obstruct" the enemy advance. This was putting mostly untrained and unwell people armed with aging weapons against trained troops. Later on in the war, it was renamed the Home Guard, following pressure by Prime Minister Winston Churchill. If the Natzis had crossed the channel the Home Guard wouldn't have stopped the Germans for very long. + += = = Roswell, New Mexico = = = +Roswell is a city in the U.S. state of New Mexico. It is famous for the 1947 Roswell UFO Incident. It is also the home of New Mexico Military Institute (NMMI), which was founded in 1891. +Geography. +Roswell is located in the High Great Plains of southeastern New Mexico, approximately west of the Pecos River and some east of highlands that rise to the Sierra Blanca range. U.S. Routes 70, 285 and 380 intersect in the city. US 70 leads northeast to Clovis and west to Alamogordo; US 285 leads north to Santa Fe and south to Carlsbad; and US 380 leads east to Brownfield, Texas, and west to Socorro. +According to the United States Census Bureau, Roswell has a total area of , of which is land and , or 0.19%, is covered by water. +Climate. +Roswell has a warm semi-arid climate with cool winters and very hot summers. In summer temperatures are expected to be or above on average around 30 days per year. In winter daytime temperatures are often between to and nights can be below freezing due to the city's high altitude. In the summer Roswell and the rest of New Mexico is effected by the North American Monsoon which can bring heavy rainfall and flooding. The highest temperature recorded in Roswell was on June 27, 1995 and the lowest temperature recorded was on January 11, 1962 and February 8, 1933. Temperatures at or above occur one day per year, subzero temperatures are extremely rare with last one occurring on February 15, 2021. Average rainfall and snowfall is and respectively. + += = = Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence = = = +The Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) is various efforts to find signals from extraterrestrial life. It included a program that individuals could use on their computers to search for radio signals from worlds with alien life. This was maybe the most famous of the BOINC or Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing programs that allow users to use their computers for scientific research. + += = = 2010 Summer Youth Olympics = = = +The 2010 Summer Youth Olympic Games, officially known as the I Olympic Youth Summer Games, is an international summer sports event that was celebrated from August 14 to August 26, 2010 for youths. It was the first Youth Olympic Games(YOG) and the host city was Singapore. + += = = 2014 Summer Youth Olympics = = = +The 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games, officially known as the II Olympic Youth Summer Games, was an international summer sports event. It was held from August 16 to August 28, 2014. The host city was Nanjing, China. + += = = 2018 Summer Youth Olympics = = = +The 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games, officially known as the III Olympic Youth Summer Games, is an international summer sports event. It was held from 6 to 18 October 2018. The host city is Buenos Aires, Argentina. + += = = 2012 Winter Youth Olympics = = = +The 2012 Winter Youth Olympic Games, officially known as the I Olympic Youth Winter Games, was an international winter sports event. It was held from 13 to 22 January 2012. The host city was Innsbruck, Austria. + += = = 2016 Winter Youth Olympics = = = +The 2016 Winter Youth Olympic Games, officially known as the II Olympic Youth Winter Games, is an international winter sports event that was held from 12-21 February 2016. The host city was Lillehammer, Norway. + += = = Skeletons = = = +Skeletons is the fourth studio album by American rock band, Hawthorne Heights. It is their first and only studio album through Wind-up Records. The release date for the album was June 1, 2010. The album has 13 tracks. The album is produced by Howard Benson. +The first song released as a single from the album is "Nervous Breakdown". +2009 Never Sleep Again tour. +Because the band member who did the harsh vocals for the band died, the album before this one, "Fragile Future", didn't have any death growls in it. During the 2009 tour, though, one of the other band members started using these vocals for the band, so this album has them again. +Other music groups like Just Surrender, Monty Are I, Punchline, and Anarbor went on the tour too. +During the tour the band played a song called "End of the Underground" and passed out download cards for the song "Unforgivable". These were the first two songs anyone heard from the new album. + += = = Youth Olympic Games = = = +The Youth Olympic Games is a sporting event that takes place in a different city every four years for athletes between ages 14 and 18. The first Youth Olympic Games was held on 14 August 2010 to 26 August 2010 in the country of Singapore. + += = = Summer Youth Olympic Games = = = +The Summer Youth Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad + += = = Winter Youth Olympic Games = = = +The Winter Youth Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad + += = = Evelina = = = +Evelina or "The History of a Young Lady's Entrance into the World" is a novel written by English writer Frances Burney and first published in 1778. The novel first came out secretly, but the poet George Huddesford revealed that Burney was the writer of "Evelina" in what Burney called a "vile poem". When it was known that Burney had written "Evelina", it immediately made her very famous. +In this novel of letters, beautiful Evelina Anville, the heroine, leaves her quiet home for the first time to go to London. Through many dangers and delights of fashionable society, Evelina grows in character and wisdom and finds love with Lord Orville. This sentimental novel of romance and satire was an influence to Jane Austen and Maria Edgeworth. +Background. +"Evelina" is actually a sequel. Before that was another book that never came out in print. It was the sequel of a finished book titled "The History of Caroline Evelyn". On or around her 15th birthday in June, Frances Burney burned all of her writings. Among the works she burned, there was a complete work of fiction, "The History of Caroline Evelyn". This was four months before the wedding of Mr. Burney and Mrs. Allen, Burney's new stepmother. It is not clear why she burnt it. However, it is likely that she did it because Mrs. Allen did not like her writing. However, the story of "Evelina" was still in her mind, and she began writing it secretly. When she was at the third volume, she felt guilty. She told her father that she was writing a book, but did not explain more, and asked him if she could print it. Dr. Burney laughed and said yes. +"Evelina" came out in January 1778. It was immediately popular. Almost everyone praised the book. Dr. Burney did not know who was the writer until June, when Burney' sister told him. He read it with "fear & trembling", but liked it. He later came and praised Frances for writing so well. Burney was so happy she "threw herself" into his arms and burst into tears. +Summary. +Volume one. +The novel begins with a letter from Lady Howard to her friend, the Reverend Arthur Villars. In the letter, Lady Howard says that Madame Duval (the grandmother of Evelina) is going to visit England to see her granddaughter Evelina again. In his reply, Reverend Villars tells her about Evelina's history. 18 years ago, Mme. Duval had been very angry with her daughter Caroline, Evelina's mother, when she ran away with Sir John Belmont. After they had married, Sir John Belmont burnt up the marriage papers, and said that it was the same as if they had never married. Unhappy, she went back to Reverend Villars, who had brought her up, as he now brought up Evelina. There, she gave birth to Evelina, and died. Reverend Villars is afraid that Mme. Duval might make Evelina die shamefully like her mother Caroline. +Reverend Villars wants to keep Evelina away from Mme. Duval, so he lets her visit Lady Howard's home. While she is there, they get news that Lady Howard's son-in-law, Captain Mirvan, is coming back to England. Evelina wants to see what London is like, and asks Reverend Villars to let her go there. Sadly, the Reverend says yes. +In London, people are attracted by Evelina's beauty and doubtful birth. Evelina, who is intelligent, but very inexperienced, does not know about the rules of 18th century London society. Because of this, she makes many mistakes. She falls in love with Lord Orville, a handsome, modest, and polite man. Another man, Sir Clement Willoughby, is in love with Evelina, but her birth and his character make him try flirting with her instead of wishing to marry her. Evelina is confused and embarrassed by his behavior, but does not know how to stop him. +In London, Evelina is very surprised to meet her grandmother and some of her cousins, the Branghtons. She is embarrassed by their impolite behavior and thinks that Lord Orville will never love her. The Mirvans return to the country, taking Evelina with them. +Both Evelina and the Reverend are unhappy to hear Mme Duval's wish to sue Sir John Belmont. Lady Howard writes to Sir John Belmont instead, telling him about Evelina. Evelina waits for the answer fearfully. +Volume two. +Sir Clermont Willoughby comes to Lady Howard's house without being invited. He and Captain Mirvan dress up like robbers to play a trick on Mme. Duval, whom Captain Mirvan hates. They tell her that M. Du Bois, her friend, is in jail. Afraid, she goes to see if it is true with Evelina. While Captain Mirvan throws Mme. Duval into a ditch and ties her up, Sir Clement Willoughby talks to Evelina privately. Evelina feels very sorry for Mme. Duval, and tries to make Captain Mirvan stop his tricks, but he only becomes angry. Sir Clermont Willoughby offers to go away from Lady Howard's house, and leaves, to Evelina's satisfaction. +Shortly after he leaves, Lady Howard receives a letter from Sir John Belmont. He says that he is already bringing up a daughter of Caroline, and that she will inherit his money. Evelina is very confused, and Mme Duval is furious. She visited Reverend Villars and said she must take Evelina to sue Sir John Belmont. The Reverend says no. Then she threatens that if Evelina does not live with her in London, she will not give Evelina her money when she dies. "To me, I own, this threat seemed of little consequence (importance)," writes the Reverend, "but...my diffidence (fear, shyness, doubt) of the right I have of depriving (taking away) her of so large a fortune...induced me to listen to her proposal". He tells Evelina to be careful, and "...not only "judge" but..."act" for yourself". Evelina goes with Mme Duval back to London. +Evelina lives with the Branghton family, and is very unhappy. Mme Duval is very angry to find out that she had been tricked by Captain Mirvan when she finds M. Du Bois at the Branghton's house. At the Branghtons' house, she meets a very poor, melancholy Scottish poet, Mr. Macartney, and sees him with guns in his hands, saying, "O God!--forgive me!" Thinking he is trying to kill himself, she stops him and cries, "O Sir! have mercy upon yourself!" She later finds out he had been planning to rob people by frightening them with his guns for money, because the Branghtons had threatened to put him in prison if he didn't pay money to stay at their house. He had fallen in love with a lady, but the lady's father had been so angry, they had fought, and the father had become sick. When he told this to his mother, she told him the lady's father was actually his father, who had left them long ago - so the lady he had loved was actually his sister! Evelina gives him her own money, and makes friends with him. +She is very sad with the Branghtons, however. Once, they visited Marybone, a pleasure garden. There, Evelina was attacked by a drunken sailor and saved by prostitutes. While she is with the prostitutes, she meets Lord Orville again. She is very surprised when he comes to visit her in the unfashionable part of London and again is kind to her. Later, the Branghtons use Evelina's name to ride in Lord Orville's carriage, even breaking its glass. Horrified, Evelina writes a letter to Lord Orville saying that she was sorry for what the Branghtons did, and the Branghtons had used her name without even telling her. She is shocked when she gets a insulting reply from Lord Orville. "Oh...how have I been deceived in this man!" Soon after, she returns to Reverend Villars. There, she becomes very ill. Worried, the Reverend sends her to Bristol Hotwells, a vacation town at Clifton Hill, with her "extremely clever" neighbor, Mrs. Selwyn. + += = = Rascal Flatts = = = +Rascal Flatts is a country rock band from Columbus, Ohio. They became a band in 1999 and released their debut album "Rascal Flatts" in 2000. They are signed to Lyric Street records and have won many CMT and ACM awards. +Their newest album is "Unstoppable", which came to stores in 2009. +Other websites. +Rascal Flatts Official website + += = = Geothermal energy = = = +Geothermal energy (from the Greek roots "geo", meaning earth, and from "thermos", meaning heat) is a renewable energy made by heat inside the Earth's crust. +Although the Sun does heat the surface of the Earth, the heat from inside the Earth is not caused by the Sun. The geothermal energy of the Earth's crust comes 20% from the original formation of the planet, and 80% from the radioactive decay of minerals. The Earth is hottest at its core and, from the core to the surface, the temperature gets gradually cooler. +Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles or kilometers beneath the Earth's surface, and down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma. It has been used for bathing from Paleolithic times, but is now better known for making electricity. +All over the world, geothermal energy was used to make about 10 gigawatts of electricity in the year 2007, about 0.3% of the electricity used around the world. When used to generate electricity, geothermal power plants typically offer constant output. +Geothermal energy is also used directly for district heating, or in other heating and cooling applications. Buildings in Iceland are heated in this way from the country's many geothermal sites. +Power plants and thermal applications of geothermal energy are mature technologies, whereas enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) projects are a new type of application. +Almost everywhere, the ground 10 feet (3m) below the Earth's surface maintains a nearly constant temperature between 50° and 60 °F (10° and 16 °C). Geothermal heat pumps can tap into this resource to heat and cool buildings. A geothermal heat pump system consists of a heat pump, an air delivery system (ductwork), and a heat exchanger - a system of pipes buried in the shallow ground near the building. In the winter, the heat pump uses power to remove heat from the heat exchanger and pumps it into the indoor air delivery system. In the summer, the process is reversed, and the heat pump uses power again to move heat from the indoor air into the heat exchanger. The heat removed from the indoor air during the summer can also be used to provide a free source of hot water. The power to run the heat pump comes from another source. +Geothermal energy escapes as hot water at many hot springs or as steam at geysers. +In the United States, most geothermal reservoirs of hot water are in the western states, Alaska, and Hawaii. Wells can be drilled into underground reservoirs for the generation of electricity. Some geothermal power plants use the steam from a reservoir to power a turbine / generator, while others use the hot water to boil a working fluid that vaporizes and then turns a turbine. Hot water near the surface of Earth can be used directly for heat. Direct-use applications include heating buildings, growing plants in greenhouses, drying crops, heating water at fish farms, and several industrial processes such as pasteurizing milk. +Hot dry rock resources occur at depths of 3 to 5 miles (5–8 km) everywhere beneath the Earth's surface and at lesser depths in certain areas. Access to these resources involves injecting cold water down one well, circulating it through hot fractured rocks, and drawing off the heated water from another well. Currently, nobody uses this method commercially. Existing technology also does not yet allow recovery of heat directly from magma, the very deep and most powerful resource of geothermal energy. + += = = Crips = = = +The Crips are a street gang that were founded in 1969 by Stanley Williams and Raymond Washington in Los Angeles, California. They are rivals with the Bloods, another street gang. Some notable Crips are Snoop Dogg and Eazy-E. + += = = Parents, Families and Friends of Lesbians and Gays = = = +Parents, Families and Friends of Lesbians and Gays is the former acronym of , an American organization. Since 2014 the organization has been called PFLAG. It is devoted to the cause of LGBT rights. The organization started in 1973 when Jeanne Manford watched in horror as the police of New York City ignored her gay son being thrown down an escalator, during a protest for gay rights. + += = = List of last surviving World War I veterans by country = = = +The last living veteran of World War I was Florence Green. She was a British woman who served in the Allied armed forces, and who died on 4 February 2012, aged 110. The last veteran who served in combat was Claude Choules. He served in the British Royal Navy (and later the Royal Australian Navy) and died 5 May 2011, aged 110. The last veteran who served in the trenches was Harry Patch who died on 25 July 2009, aged 111. The last Central Powers veteran was from Austria-Hungary. He died on 27 May 2008 at the age of 107. +The total number of people who took part in WWI is estimated by the Encyclopædia Britannica at 65,038,810. There were around 9,750,103 military deaths during the conflict. +By branch. +This is the list of the last living veterans of World War I by the country and the branch that they served: + += = = Swing Life Away = = = +"Swing Life Away" is a song by hardcore punk band Rise Against. It is from their 2004 album "Siren Song of the Counter Culture". It was first written by Tim McIlrath and Neil Hennessy, the song is different from most of Rise Against's other songs because it is performed and recorded acoustically. The lyrics are happy and speak of happiness with a less-than-perfect life, although they maintain the band's characteristic themes of self-analysis and hope. At a show at Festival Hall in Melbourne, Australia, McIlrath stated the song was written about a good friend of the band who helped them whilst they were lesser known. + += = = Within Temptation = = = +Within Temptation is a Dutch gothic rock band. +Style. +The album "Enter" is a mix of gothic rock, gothic metal and doom metal. The album The Dance is a mix of gothic metal and doom metal. The album Mother Earth is a mix of gothic rock, gothic metal, alternative rock, symphonic metal and folk metal. + += = = 1910 Cuba hurricane = = = +The 1910 Cuba Hurricane was one of the worst tropical cyclones that has ever hit Cuba. The storm formed in the southern Caribbean Sea on October 9, 1910. It grew stronger as it moved northwest. It then made landfall on the western end of Cuba. The storm made a loop over open water, and then began moving towards the United States. After crossing Florida, the storm moved near the rest of the southeastern United States and passed out to sea. +Because of the storm's loop, some reports said it was actually two hurricanes. In Cuba, the storm was one of the worst disasters in the island's history. There was bad damage and thousands of people lost their homes. In Florida, the storm also caused damage and caused flooding in some areas. It is not known exactly how much damage the storm caused. However, losses in Havana, Cuba were over $1 million. At least 100 people died in Cuba alone. +Meteorological history. +On October 9, a type of storm called a tropical depression began in the southern Caribbean Sea. It was north of Panama. The storm grew stronger while it moved toward the northwest. It became a tropical storm on October 11. On October 12, it became a hurricane. The next day, the storm was seen to the southwest of Cuba. For a short time, it was a Category 3 hurricane measured on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. The storm then hit western Cuba and crossed the island. It moved over the Gulf of Mexico and slowed down. +The hurricane was steered, or moved, by an area of high pressure (a type of weather system) to the north. Over warm water in the Gulf of Mexico, the hurricane quickly grew stronger. It then moved in a small circle, and on October 16, it reached its highest power. It had winds of 150 mph (240 km/h). The hurricane turned to the northeast and again hit western Cuba. It began to move near the Florida Panhandle on October 17. The storm hit Cape Romano, and moved to the north. Now over land, the hurricane became weaker. After crossing Florida, it curved to the northeast and entered the Atlantic Ocean. The storm probably died out on October 23. +The storm was unusual because it was first thought to be two different hurricanes. This is because of the loop it made in the Gulf of Mexico. One paper reported that the first hurricane died in the central Gulf of Mexico; the second hurricane formed and hit Florida. The storm's path was debated, and it was later found to be a single cyclone. +Impact. +On October 15, all ships in a area around Key West were warned of the storm. Many ships stayed in harbors. Storm warnings were also put up. +Cuba. +The storm caused bad damage in Cuba. It was considered one of the worst tropical cyclones on the island. Strong winds and a lot of rain caused flooding in streets, ruined crops (mostly tobacco), and damaged farms. The hurricane affected many towns, including Casilda. The town of Batabanó was left under water. The hurricane halted communication to other areas. Most of the deaths and damages were reported to be in the Pinar del Río Province. +The "New York Times" wrote that Cuba had "probably suffered the greatest material disaster in all its history". Thousands of peasants, or workers, lost their homes. The country's capital, Havana, also suffered bad damage. On the coast, many ships carrying valuable items sunk. The storm also badly damaged goods kept on wharves. Tall waves crashed on land and caused flooding. Many boats were wrecked by the storm. The high waves flooded about of Havana's coastal land. +At least 100 people were killed by the storm, mostly because of mudslides, including five people in Havana. However, some reports say the death toll was as high as 700. Damage caused by the storm cost millions of dollars. In Havana alone, $1 million in losses were reported. +"Holliswood". +A ship, the "Holliswood", became stuck in the storm in the Gulf of Mexico. It left New Orleans on October 1 and was carrying cypress wood. The ship's crew fought the storm for days. The "Holliswood" was blown miles off its path. Its owner, Paul Mangold, said: +A steamboat called the "Harold" saw the ship and rescued all of the crew. However, Captain E. E. Walls said he wanted to stay behind. The "Holliswood" was badly damaged. The crew told the captain that the ship would be unable to float in five more hours. After the crew was rescued, Captain Walls struggled for days without food or fresh water. On October 20, another ship (the "Parkwood") rescued Walls. He was unconscious, and thought to be dead. When he was on the "Parkwood", he woke up, but was delirious. He asked to be put back on the "Holliswood". Instead, the "Parkwood" pulled the damaged ship to land. +Florida. +At Key West, Florida, winds blew at . Many docks were destroyed. Damage in the Florida Keys was worth around $250,000 (1910 USD, or $5.7 million in 2009 dollars), and houses near the ocean were damaged. Strong winds pushed water out of the Tampa Bay. High waves from the sea moved over land, and people had to hold onto trees to survive. Some citrus crops were destroyed. The wind tore the roofs off homes and shook buildings off their foundations. +Seven men died at Punta Gorda when some Cuban ships were wrecked. Near there, one man and a baby drowned, and another died trying to cross a flooded river. A French steamship, the "Louisiane", crashed into land. There were 600 passengers on the ship. All people were rescued by another ship. +The hurricane blew down many pine trees near Jupiter, Florida. One man near Lemon City was killed by falling wood. However, the storm's effects on the east coast of Florida were not as bad as they were in other places. Part of the Florida East Coast Railroad was washed out. The storm blew an American ship aground at Boca Raton. Three people died, and the rest of the crew was stuck for 12 hours. + += = = 1910 Atlantic hurricane season = = = +The 1910 Atlantic hurricane season was the period of 1910 when tropical storms formed. It happened during the summer and the first half of fall in 1910. The season was quiet, with only five known storms. +Storms. +Tropical Storm One. +The first storm formed on August 23. It hit Hispaniola as a weak tropical storm. +Tropical Storm Two. +The second storm was another weak tropical storm that hit northeast Mexico. +Hurricane Three. +The first hurricane of the season was a strong Category 2 storm. It moved through the Caribbean and Greater Antilles. +Hurricane Four. +Another hurricane moved past Bermuda. It caused only minor damage. +Hurricane Five. +The last storm was the strongest hurricane of the season. It was a strong Category 4 hurricane that moved through western Caribbean. + += = = Bundala National Park = = = +Bundala National Park is a protected national park in the south east of Sri Lanka. The area of 6216 hectares was first protected in 1969. It is an important wetland and was added to the list of Ramsar sites in 1990. There are many animal species living in the park including elephants and turtles. Because of the wetalnds there are many species of bird which come to the park, including flamingos, pelicans, and storks. + += = = University of Tennessee = = = +The University of Tennessee is a public land-grant university in Knoxville, Tennessee. It was started in 1794. The university had almost 28,000 students in 2008. Its sports teams are called the Volunteers. + += = = Head coach = = = +A head coach, senior coach or manager is a person who trains and develops men and women who play sports. They usually hold a more public profile and are paid more than other coaches on the team. In some sports such as soccer and baseball, the head coach is called a manager. In other sports, such as Australian rules football, they are called a senior coach. Some sports that use the phrase "head coach" include American football and basketball. +These head coaches sometimes have other coaches that report to them. These assistant coaches focus on one part of the team rather than the whole team. Assistant coaches often work in offensive positions or defensive positions. They can sometimes coach just one position on the team such as a coach just for the quarterbacks in American football. + += = = Social studies = = = +Social studies is the name of a course or set of courses taught in primary and secondary schools or elementary, middle, and high schools, but is also sometimes the study of parts of human society at schools around the world. +At primary school, social studies is usually about the local community and family. By middle and high school, social studies includes many subjects about past and current human behavior and . Usually, social studies taught in middle and high school is in the form of history, civics, economics and geography. +Social studies is a little different than social science, though many of the social sciences are covered in social studies. +The meaning of social studies is taken by understanding and the observing of the Great thinkers and scholars therefore teachers who teach social studies provide and understanding and acquisition of knowledge to learn as by giving them the full knowledge of the world they live in and in this provide an understanding of social and cultural Dynamics that shape and the influence human behaviour institution and norms + += = = William Alexander (coach) = = = +William A. Alexander (June 6, 1889 – April 23, 1950) was the third head football coach at Georgia Tech. Alexander graduated from Georgia Tech in 1912 as valedictorian of his class. Alexander became head coach after John Heisman retired in April 1920. +As coach, he led Georgia Tech to three SIAA titles (1920, 1921, 1922) and its second national championship in 1928. In 1944 he retired from coaching. He was replaced by Bobby Dodd who was one of his assistant coaches. The Alexander Memorial Coliseum at Georgia Tech is named after him. + += = = Screaming = = = +Screaming is a vocal technique often used in punk rock, fast played metal music, and screamo. It is usually simply either a louder than normal high pitched form of singing, or a louder than normal low pitched form of singing. In both cases the vocalist usually tries to make it sound like some sort of beast's growl. For this reason, a low pitched scream is usually called a death growl. +More experimental forms of screaming are often used in alternative rock and emo music. These genres often have shrill screaming that has an emotional tone to it. The band, Thursday, is a good example of this. +Screaming is popular in genres: screamo, post-hardcore, hardcore punk, heavy metal, and many more. +Some other bands that have screaming include Silverstein, Hawthorne Heights, and Escape the Fate. + += = = Banda Pir Khan = = = +Banda Pir Khan is a union council in the Abbottabad District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. + += = = Service sector = = = +The Service Sector, also called tertiary sector, is the third of the three traditional economic sectors. The other two are the primary sector, which covers areas such as farming, mining and fishing; and the secondary sector which covers manufacturing and making things. The service sector provides services, rather than producing material commodities. Activities in the service sector include retail, banks, hotels, real estate, education, health, social work, computer services, recreation, media, communications, electricity, gas and water supply. +The service sector is an important part of the economy. For example, in Australia in 2007, 85% of all businesses were in the service sector. In 2009 there were more than nine million people employed in the service sector in Australia, which was 86% of all jobs. In India, there has been a huge growth in service sector businesses which made up 55% of India's GDP in 2006—2007. Computer software businesses in India are increasing at a rate of 35% per year. +Many sector businesses focus on what is called the “knowledge economy”. They need to keep ahead of other businesses by understanding what their customers want and being ready to give it to them quickly and at low cost. +One good example of this are banks which went through big changes in the late 20th century. Using information and communication technology, banks have vastly reduced the number of people they need to employ, and lowered the cost of providing bank service. For example, an automated teller machine is able to provide basic banking services 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, in many different places. Before this, banking services were only available from the bank when it was open. Many banks and building societies have joined together to form much lower cost businesses that can make more money from a wider customer base. The key to this process is gaining information about their customers and constantly coming up with new services for them. + += = = Uzziah = = = +Uzziah (����������� in Hebrew, meaning "Yahweh is my strength"; ; ), also known as Azariah (��������� in Hebrew; ; ), was the king of the ancient Kingdom of Judah, and one of King Amaziah's sons, whom the people chose to rule after his father (; 2 Chronicles 26:1). He was 16 years old when he became king of Judah and ruled for 52 years. He "did that which was right in the sight of the Lord" (; ). According to the Bible, at first he was a good king and had great success. His fields and vineyards grew well, he dug many wells and towers in the desert, he defeated his enemies with a strong army, and he became very powerful. A seal with Uzziah's name has been found in a cistern at Tell Beit Mirsim. +However, he grew proud, and entered the temple of the LORD to burn incense on the altar of incense (). Azariah the priest with 80 other priests came to him and said, "Leave...for you have been unfaithful...you will not be honored by the LORD God". Uzziah became angry, but while "...he was raging at the priests...leprosy broke out on his forehead", and he "...had leprosy until the day he died". Because of this, his son Jotham ruled the palace and the people of the land. He died and was buried in a field that belonged to the kings. Probably because of his leprosy, Uzziah was buried in a cemetery belonging to the kings, but not in the tombs of the kings. + += = = Sentimentality = = = +Sentimentality is both a used to make people respond emotionally, but usually in a way more than is needed. +"A sentimentalist", Oscar Wilde wrote, "is one who desires (wants) to have the luxury of an emotion without paying for it." Yeats wrote, "Rhetoric is fooling others. Sentimentality is fooling yourself." +"Sentimental" began to be thought of more negatively from the nineteenth century. Before that it had simply meant "feeling", but it began be criticized for its "excessiveness" (too much), and now is about feeling in situations where it is not needed. + += = = Blubber = = = +Blubber is a layer of fat inside the skin of some animals, such as whales and seals. Blubber keeps these animals warm. Inuits invented blubber lamps, and many other people also used oil from blubber in their oil lamps. + += = = Keith Olbermann = = = +Keith Olbermann (born January 27, 1959) is a former progressive male television talk show host and liberal political commentator on NBC's and Microsoft's cable news channel MSNBC, where he was the host of the show Countdown with Keith Olbermann. On his show, he was often critical of conservatives such as Bill O'Reilly and George W. Bush. Some compared him to O'Reilly, except that Olbermann was to the left and O'Reilly is to the right. Before being on political shows, Olbermann worked for ESPN as a sportscaster. He once hosted the ESPN sports news show SportsCenter. +He had his show on MSNBC, but was fired shortly after Comcast's takeover of NBC Universal in January 2011. He then moved to Current TV, partially owned by Al Gore, but was fired after less than a year there. + += = = Ann Radcliffe = = = +Ann Radcliffe (July 9, 1764 - February 7, 1823) was an English novelist. +Early life and education. +She was born in London. Her father was a trader, but when she was little, she lived mostly in the houses of richer relations. In 1772 her family moved to Bath, where it is possible she may have gone to a school run by Sophia and Harriet Lee. +Writing. +Her first tries to write romance stories were "The Castle of Athlin and Dunbayne" (1789) and "A Sicilian Romance" (1790). They were both published secretly. "The Romance of the Forest" (1791) made her famous as the writer of Gothic romances, the "hobgoblin romance", later called "the Radcliffe romance". Two novels published when she was alive, "The Mysteries of Udolpho" (1794) and "The Italian" (1797), helped make her famous as "the Great Enchantress". Radcliffe was also a great traveller. She made a book after she traveled to the Continent, "A Journey Made in the Summer of 1794, through Holland and the Western Frontier of Germany...To Which Are Added Observations of a Tour to the Lakes" (1795). But the tours written about in the novels were based on travel books, landscape paintings, and imagination. Walter Scott called Radcliffe "the first poetess of romantic fiction". +Personal life. +She married in 1787 William Radcliffe, who later became the editor of the "English Chronicle". It was probably with his help that she began writing for fun. Even though she was famous, Radcliffe liked to be private. +Death. +She later had asthma, and died from an asthma attack in 1823. + += = = Bloods = = = +The Bloods are a street gang. They were founded in 1972 in Los Angeles, California. They are rivals with the Crips, another street gang. Bloods members are known for wearing mostly red colors which is their gang color. +During their rivalry with the Crips in the 1970s, a faction of the Crips called the Pirus street gang broke away from the Crips and joined other smaller gangs to make a gang which would later on become known as the Bloods. Some notable Bloods are rappers Game and Suge Knight. + += = = Alan Colmes = = = +Alan Samuel Colmes (September 24, 1950 – February 23, 2017) was an American radio and television host, former comedian and author. His talk radio show is distributed by Fox News Radio. He was the writer of the book, "Red, White and Liberal: How Left is Right and Right is Wrong". From 1996 to 2009, Colmes was the co-host of "Hannity & Colmes", a nightly political debate show on Fox News Channel. +Colmes died at a Manhattan medical center on February 23, 2017, at the age of 66 after suffering from lymphoma. + += = = Hannity & Colmes = = = +Hannity & Colmes was a television talk show on the Fox News Channel hosted by the conservative Sean Hannity and the progressive Alan Colmes. It ran from on October 6, 1996 to January 9, 2009. + += = = Shale = = = +Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock formed from mud. The mud is a mix of flakes of clay minerals and tiny fragments (silt-sized particles) of other minerals, especially quartz and calcite. The ratio of clay to other minerals is variable. Shale has breaks along thin laminae (plates) or parallel layering or bedding less than one centimeter in thickness, called "fissility" (~splitting). Mudstones, on the other hand, are similar, though they do not show the tendency to split (fissility). +Shales and mudrocks contain roughly 95 percent of the organic matter in all sedimentary rocks. However, this amounts to less than one percent by mass in an average shale. Black shales form in anoxic (without oxygen) conditions. They contain free carbon and iron sulfides such as pyrite. This produces the black colouration. +Formation of shale. +Shales are typically deposited in very slow moving water and are often found in lakes and lagoonal deposits, in river deltas, on floodplains and offshore from beach sands. They can also be deposited on the continental shelf, in relatively deep, quiet water. This process could have taken millions of years to complete. +'Black shales' are dark, and are especially rich in unoxidized carbon. Black shales are deposited in anoxic or low oxygen environments, such as in stagnant water. They are common in some Palaeozoic and Mesozoic strata. Some black shales have heavy metals such as molybdenum, uranium. vanadium, and zinc. The heavy metals may have got there by slow accumulation. + += = = Zooid = = = +A zooid is a term for a small individual animal, part of a marine colony. The zooids in a colony are usually clones, and may be cytoplasmically connected. Though genetically identical, the zooids in a colony may serve different functions. This is the same as would be the case with a normal metazoan animal, but in a zooid colony the members are more like individuals. +The word is pronounced "zō-oid", not like zoo. Some examples: + += = = Organic farms = = = +Organic farms grow foods without using man-made chemicals. They do not use pesticides or herbicides which can harm the environment or wildlife. +Differences from Regular Farming. +Organic farmers usually use animal manure respectively organic substances rather than man-made chemical fertilizers which add extra nutrients to the soil. Organic foods are unique to the way other products are produced as chemically treated food can cause a lot of harm to the environment by decreasing the quality of soil and increasing energy use, carbon emissions, pesticides, and nitrate pollution. Also, the used chemicals can cause severe damage to human cells and long-term consumption can cause diseases like colon cancer (colorectal cancer), decrease fertility and take impact on the brain development of unborn children. +Organic farming maintains soil health the cropping system of organic farming keeps insects, pests, and weeds under check. Even farm waste is recycled in organic farming and it prevents the pollution of any component of our environment. +Forms of Organic Farming. +Organic farming finds usage for animal welfare, as livestock is bred with solely organic fodder. There are animal farms that are exclusively built for organic farming and are only distributing organic meat. In the recent past, many of those regional farms are using online shops for distribution like "Das Gute Fleisch " (which means "the good meat") from Germany. Therefore a wider audience has comfortable access to organic meat whereas the demand for organic meat is rapidly growing. +Flower growers and ordinary home gardens can use organic methods too. An example of organic farming which is often used in the garden is biological control. Biological control means using natural methods to get rid of pests, instead of using poisons. For example by encouraging Ladybirds (ladybugs) into the garden as they eat aphids (greenflies). +Organic Labels. +There are certain organizations per country that regulate the standards for organic farming. In the USA e.g. the USDA is distributing official "USDA Organic Labels" for products that fulfill the criteria of the organization to accept them as organic food. +Other than the US versions which differ in a "100 % organic label" and labels that state that the products are not fully organic, there is only one organic label for the EU that covers similar criteria as the "100 % label". Therefore it's harder to get organic farming certified in the EU. +There are also non-official labels by private companies that are rating products or using similar criteria to categorize organic farms. They commonly have a high reputation so customers can rely on their rating. +Benefits of Organic Cultivation. +Organic Farming has many benefits. One of the main benefits of this farming is that it promotes soil health. Farmers use techniques such as crop rotation and cover cropping to build soil fertility and reduce the need for synthetic fertilizers. +Another benefit of organic cultivation is that it promotes biodiversity. Farmers use a variety of crops and livestock breeds, and they often include wildflowers and other plants in their fields to provide habitats for beneficial insects and other wildlife. They also avoid the use of synthetic pesticides, which can harm beneficial insects and other wildlife, and instead rely on natural pest control methods. +They also avoid the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, which can contribute to water pollution and climate change. They also make use of renewable resources, such as solar power and wind energy. +Organic products are also more nutritious than conventionally grown products. Chemical-free foods are often more flavorful than conventionally grown foods because they are grown with the aim of conserving the soil and improving the health of the soil. +This leads to the plants absorbing more nutrients, leading to more nutritious foods. + += = = Bronchus = = = +Bronchi (one Bronchus) are the large air tubes leading from the trachea to the lungs. They carry air to the lungs. +The trachea (windpipe) divides to form the right and left main bronchi. These divide to form smaller and smaller tubes called bronchioles. Eventually the bronchioles end in the alveoli (small air sacs). At the alveoli, oxygen from the air we breathe into our lungs is moved into the blood. The blood then carries oxygen around to the rest of the body, which needs oxygen to survive. Without the bronchi, air would never get into the lungs, and oxygen would never get into our bodies. +The bronchi's walls are made of cartilage. +The right bronchus (shown on the left in the image on this page) is shorter, wider, and straighter than the left bronchus. + += = = ChessBase = = = +ChessBase GmbH is a German company that markets chess software. It also has a chess news website, and uses a server for online chess. Set up in 1998, it builds and sells large databases, with up to three million games, classified in various ways. A smaller fraction have notes, about 60,000 at present. It is possible to connect the database with one or more "chess engines" which calculate likely good moves. Databases organize data from past games; engines do calculations and use look-up tables for standard information, having, for example, answers to special endgame problems.p400-406 + += = = Bill Ayers = = = +William Charles "Bill" Ayers (born December 26, 1944) is an American elementary education theorist. He is a former head of the Weather Underground. Ayers is known for speaking out against the Vietnam War in the 1960s. He is also known for his current work in trying to help make learning and teaching better. In 1969, Ayers started the Weather Underground. The Weather Underground is a group that call themselves a "communist revolutionary group". They carried out bombings against public buildings during the 1960s and 1970s. This was because the United States was being a part of the Vietnam War. Ayers is a professor in the College of Education at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He has the titles of Distinguished Professor of Education and Senior University Scholar. During the 2008 U.S. presidential election, a controversy was brought up over ties between Ayers and then Senator Barack Obama. Ayers is married to Bernadine Dohrn. She was also a member of the Weather Underground. +Early life. +Bill Ayers grew up in Glen Ellyn, Illinois. Glen Ellyn is just outside Chicago. He went to public schools there until his second year of high school. After this he started going to Lake Forest Academy. It is a smaller prep school. Ayers received a B.A. from the University of Michigan in American studies in 1968. He is the son of Thomas G. Ayers. His father used to be chairman and CEO of Commonwealth Edison. +In 1965, Ayers was part of a group who were protesting at a restaurant in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The restaurant would not serve African Americans. Ayers' first arrest came when he took part in a sit-in at a local draft board. He sat in jail for ten days. Shortly after his arrest, he landed his first teaching job at the Children's Community School. This small preschool was run from a local church basement. The preschool was part of a larger movement across the United States called the "free school movement". Schools that were part of this movement had no grades or report cards. Instead, they tried to work on getting students to cooperate with each other and work together instead of competing. The teachers allowed the students to call them by their first names. After teaching for only a few months, at the age of 21, Ayers became the head of the school. There he also met Diana Oughton, who would be his girlfriend until her death in an explosion in 1970. +Beginnings with the Weathermen. +Ayers became part of the New Left and the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) in the early 1960s. In 1968 and 1969, Ayers became well known as a head of the SDS. He was head of a smaller SDS group called the "Jesse James Gang". Ayers made important changes to Weatherman beliefs about being militant (ready to fight for the cause). The group that Ayers headed in Detroit, Michigan became one of the first groups that would turn into the Weathermen. Before the June 1969 SDS convention, Ayers became an important head of the group. This came about due to a split in the group. +In June 1969, the Weathermen took over the SDS at its convention. Ayers was made Education Secretary. Later in 1969, Ayers helped to place a bomb at a statue that was made to honor policemen that were killed. The bomb blast broke almost 100 windows and blew parts of the statue onto a nearby street. (The statue was rebuilt and unveiled on May 4, 1970, and blown up again by other Weathermen on October 6, 1970. While they were putting it back together, the city put a 24-hour guard around it to stop another attack. In January 1972, it was moved to Chicago Police headquarters. Ayers was also part of the "Days of Rage" riot that took place in Chicago in 1969. He was also a part of the "War Council" meeting that happened in Flint, Michigan. Two big decisions came from the "War Council". The first was to start a violent, armed resistance (using bombs, and robberies) against the government. The second was to start underground (secret) groups in important cities around the country. An FBI informant named Larry Grathwohl, who pretended to be a Weatherman in 1969, said that "Ayers, along with Bernardine Dohrn, probably had the most authority within the Weatherman". +Years underground. +In 1970, Weatherman members Ted Gold, Terry Robbins, and Diana Oughton were killed when a bomb they were building blew up. This was called the Greenwich Village town house explosion. Ayers and several other Weathermen were able to avoid being caught following this explosion. Ayers was not facing charges at this time, but the federal government later brought charges against him. Ayers was part of the bombings of New York City Police Department headquarters in 1970, the United States Capitol building in 1971, and the Pentagon in 1972. Ayers wrote, in 2001, that: Although the bomb that rocked the Pentagon was itsy-bitsy - weighing close to two pounds - it caused 'tens of thousands of dollars' of damage. The operation cost under $500, and no one was killed or even hurt. +Some new reports have said that Ayers, Dohrn, or the Weatherman took part in the 1970 San Francisco Police Department bombing. However, neither Ayers, nor anyone else has ever been charged with this crime. +In 1973, it was discovered that the FBI were focusing on the Weatherman as well as the New Left. This was part of several secret, and sometimes illegal FBI projects called COINTEL. Because the FBI agents had broken the law, the government asked that all weapons and bomb charges be dropped against the Weather Underground. This included charges against Ayers. +However, there were still state charges against Dohrn. Dohrn did not want to turn herself in to the police. "He was sweet and patient, as he always is, to let me come to my senses on my own", she later said of Ayers. She finally turned herself in, in 1980. She was fined $1,500 and given three years probation. +In 1973 Ayers helped write the book "Prairie Fire" with others who were part of the Weather Underground. They dedicated the book to almost 200 people, including Harriet Tubman, John Brown, 'All Who Continue to Fight', 'All Political Prisoners in the U.S.', and Sirhan Sirhan, who was convicted of killing Robert F. Kennedy. +Looking back on the underground period. +"Fugitive Days: A Memoir". +In 2001, Ayers wrote "Fugitive Days: A Memoir". He said "Fugitive Days" tried to answer the questions of Kathy Boudin's son and his statement that Diana Oughton died trying to stop the Greenwich Village bomb makers. Some have questioned the truth, accuracy, and tone of the book. Brent Staples wrote for "The New York Times Book Review" that "Ayers reminds us often that he can't tell everything without endangering people involved in the story. Historian Jesse Lemisch (who was also a member of the SDS) said that Ayers' memories were wrong. Ayers, in the beginning of his book, says that it was written as his personal memories and was not a research project. +Statements made in 2001. +"Chicago Magazine" said that "just before the September 11 attacks", Richard Elrond, who was hurt in the "Days of Rage", was given an apology from Ayers and Dohrn. "[T]hey were remorseful," Elrod says. "They said, 'We're sorry that things turned out this way.'" Ayers gave a lot of interviews before his book was published. In these interviews he defended his history of radical words and actions. Some of the articles were written before the September 11 attacks and appeared right after. Many comments were made by the media comparing the statements that Ayers was making about his past just as a terrorist incident shocked the public. +A lot of the controversy about Ayers in the years since 2000 comes from an interview that he gave to "The New York Times". The reporter quoted him as saying "I don't regret setting bombs" and "I feel we didn't do enough". When asked if he would "do it all again," he said "I don't want to discount the possibility." Ayers questioned the interviewer's way of describing him in a "Letter to the Editor" on September 15 2001. In his letter, Ayers wrote: "This is not a question of being misunderstood or 'taken out of context', but of deliberate distortion." In the following years, Ayers has said that what he meant by saying that he had "no regrets" and "we didn't do enough" he was talking about their efforts to stop the US from fighting in the Vietnam War. He said these efforts were ". . . inadequate [as] the war dragged on for a decade." Ayers has repeatedly said that the two statements did not mean that he wished they had set more bombs. +Views since 2001. +Ayers was asked in a 2004 interview, "How do you feel about what you did? Would you do it again under similar circumstances?" He said: "I've thought about this a lot. Being almost 60, it's impossible to not have lots and lots of regrets about lots and lots of things, but the question of did we do something that was horrendous, awful? ... I don't think so. I think what we did was to respond to a situation that was unconscionable." On September 9, 2008, journalist Jake Tapper talked about the comic strip in Ayers' blog, where he explained the soundbite: "The one thing I don't regret is opposing the war in Vietnam with every ounce of my being... When I say, 'We didn't do enough,' a lot of people rush to think, 'That must mean, "We didn't bomb enough shit."' But that's not the point at all. It's not a tactical statement, it's an obvious political and ethical statement. In this context, 'we' means 'everyone.'" +In 2008, Ayers said this about his actions: +The Weather Underground crossed lines of legality, of propriety and perhaps even of common sense. Our effectiveness can be — and still is being — debated. +He also again defended his actions against charges of terrorism: +The Weather Underground went on to take responsibility for placing several small bombs in empty offices... We did carry out symbolic acts of extreme vandalism directed at monuments to war and racism, and the attacks on property, never on people, were meant to respect human life and convey outrage and determination to end the Vietnam war. +Political views. +In an interview that Ayers gave in 1995, he said of his political beliefs in the 1960s and 1970s: "I am a radical, Leftist, small 'c' communist ... [Laughs] Maybe I'm the last communist who is willing to admit it. [Laughs] We have always been small 'c' communists in the sense that we were never in the Communist party and never Stalinists. The ethics of communism still appeal to me. I don't like Lenin as much as the early Marx. I also like Henry David Thoreau, Mother Jones and Jane Addams [...]" In 1970 Ayers was called "a national leader" of the Weatherman organization and "one of the chief theoreticians of the Weathermen" by "The New York Times". +The Weatherman started off as part of the Revolutionary Youth Movement (RYM) within the SDS. They split from the RYM's Maoists saying they had no time to build another party. They also said that war against the United States government and capitalism should begin right away. Their founding paper called for the creation of a "white fighting force" to fight with the "Black Liberation Movement" and other "anti-colonial' movements. to achieve "the destruction of US imperialism and the achievement of a classless world: world communism." In June 1974, the Underground released their 151-page work called "Prairie Fire". "Prairie Fire" said that: "We are a guerrilla organization [...] We are communist women and men underground in the United States [...]" The Weatherman's leaders, including Ayers, wanted radical changes to sexual relations and used the slogan "Smash Monogamy". +Claims by Grathwohl. +Larry Grathwohl, who was an FBI agent who joined the Underground, said that Ayers wanted to overthrow the United States government. In an interview that he gave in January 2009, Grathwohl said that: +"The thing the most bone chilling thing Bill Ayers said to me was that after the revolution succeeded and the government was overthrown, they believed they would have to eliminate 25 million Americans who would not conform to the new order." +Ayers replied: +"Never said it. Never thought it. And again, Larry Grathwohl, I don't know him today, but certainly the FBI was an organization built on lies." +In an interview with ABC7 reporter Alan Wang, Ayers said that "Now that's being blown into dishonest narratives about hurting people, killing people, planning to kill people. That's just not true. We destroyed government property," said Ayers. However, when asked if he ever made bombs, Ayers replied: "I'm just not going to talk about it." +Relationship with President Obama. +During the 2008 U.S. presidential election, a controversy started about Ayers' contact with then-Senator Barack Obama. This had been well known in Chicago for years. After being raised by the British press The ties between Ayers and Obama was written about by blogs and newspapers in the United States. The issue was also talked about in a debate by moderator George Stephanopoulos. It later became an issue for John McCain's campaign. "The New York Times", CNN, and several other news groups said that Obama does not have a close friendship with Ayers. After the election, Ayers said he did not have any close ties with Obama and condemned the Republicans for using "guilt by association" tactics. In a new afterword to his book, he added a note saying that he knew the Obamas "as neighbors and family friends." But in an interview with "Good Morning America", Ayers said the afterword was "describing there how the blogosphere characterized the relationship." +Academic career. +Ayers teaches at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He mainly focuses on social justice, fixing education in urban areas, children who are in trouble with the law and related issues. +He began working as a teacher at the Children's Community School (CCS). CCS was started by a group of students and based on the Summerhill way of teaching. After he left the underground, he earned an Masters in Education (M.Ed.) from Bank Street College in Early Childhood Education (1983)), an M.Ed. from Teachers College, Columbia University in Early Childhood Education (1987) and an Ed.D. from Teachers College, Columbia University in Curriculum and Instruction (1987). +He has edited and written many books and articles. They usually have to deal with education. He has also been on many panels and symposia. +Personal life. +Ayers is married to Bernardine Dohrn. Dohrn was also part of the Weather Underground. They have two adult children and they share custody of Chesa Boudin. Boudin is the son of two former Underground members who were put in jail. Chesa Boudin went on to win a Rhodes Scholarship. Ayers and Dohrn live in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. +In 1997 Chicago awarded him its Citizen of the Year award for his work on the Chicago Annenberg Challenge project. + += = = Three-sector hypothesis = = = +The Three-sector hypothesis is a large-scale economic type theory. It says that there are three kinds of economic activities, which are very different from each other: +These kinds of activities are called economic sectors. The theory speaks about the primary, secondary, and tertiary sector. The theory was developed by Alan Fisher, Colin Clark and Jean Fourastié in the 1930s. Clark used a speech given by Sir William Petty, in 1690. For this reason the theory is also known as Petty's Law. The first sector is about directly using natural resources, the second sector is about processing these resources to obtain "higher level" goods. +The theory also says that the main focus of the economy of a country will change, from the primary to the secondary, and from the secondary to the tertiary sector, as economic development progresses. + += = = Osteogenesis imperfecta = = = +Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder. It is commonly called brittle bone disease. It is usually an autosomal dominant disease, which means a person can get it if only one of their parents has the abnormal gene. OI affects the part of the bones called the collagen rod, which provides bone strength. The abnormal gene weakens or even destroys the collagen rod. This disease was first identified by Vrolik in 1849. +When someone has this disease, their bones are more likely to break. Unfortunately, osteogenesis imperfecta has no cure. This disease is categorized in four types: Type one is the most common case and it often causes brittle teeth and bone related injuries. Type two is a more severe version of type one and has most of the same symptoms just in more severe cases. People with type three of osteogenesis imperfecta may have more than 100 fractures before puberty. Their eyes often develop a purple, blue, or grey tint and people with this case also often have hearing loss. 50% of people that have osteogenesis imperfecta have hearing loss while becoming an adult. Type 4 is a more severe case of most symptoms stated above. +Symptoms. +Less severe symptoms of OI may include: +OI has many other serious and fatal symptoms including respiratory problems and bone deformity. +Demographics. +OI occurs equally in both male and females and can affect all ethnic groups. OI happens in the womb and there is no cure. It is usually discovered when someone breaks a lot of bones; they may have DNA testing to check for OI. It occurs in 1 in 20,000 births. + += = = Piss Christ = = = +Piss Christ is a 1987 photo that was taken by Andres Serrano. The picture is of a small plastic crucifix that is in a glass of Serrano's urine. The piece won the Southeastern Center for Contemporary Art's "Awards in the Visual Arts" competition. This contest gets some of its money from the National Endowment from the Arts, a United States government group that gives money to art projects. +Controversy. +The photo caused some dispute when it was first shown in 1989. Some people who were against the photo, including United States Senators Al D'Amanto and Jesse Helms were upset that Serrano was given $15,000 for the work. They were also upset that part of it was from the National Endowment for the Arts. Supporters of the work said the "Piss Christ" is an issue of artistic freedom and freedom of speech. +Others said that the government paying for "Piss Christ" went against separation of church and state. +Sister Wendy Beckett, an art critic and Catholic nun, said in a television interview with Bill Moyers that she did not think the work was blasphemous. She thought that it was but a statement on "what we have done to Christ" +During a showing of Serrano's works at the National Gallery of Victoria (NGV) in 1997, then Archbishop George Pelli tried to get the Supreme Court of Victoria to stop the gallery from showing the work. The Court did not agree with him and did not stop it. A few days later, one visitor tried to take the work off of the gallery wall, and two teenagers later attacked the work with a hammer. The director of the NGV then cancelled the show. He said that he was worried about some of Rembrandt's works that were also being shown at the time. +"Piss Christ" was part of the BBC documentary called "Why Beauty Matters", which talks about art and how it is important in everyday life. + += = = Cosley Zoo = = = +Cosley Zoo is an AZA-accredited zoo. It is in Wheaton, Illinois. It is a part of the Wheaton Park District. Families and individuals can come in for free. The zoo area is 5 acres (2 hectares) of land. It is built on the site of a historic train station. There are domestic animals. There is also wildlife that is native to Illinois. +The zoo runs many programs for children. For example, they have programs like Junior Zookeepers, birthday parties, and holiday events. + += = = MSNBC = = = +MSNBC is an American cable news channel started by NBCUniversal (NBC) and Microsoft (MSN), thus the name MSNBC. It was started in 1996. It is produced by NBC's news division, NBC News. It replaced a channel Roger Ailes operated and founded for NBC called America's Talking, which launched in 1994. +Shows. +Most of its shows are shows that talk about news and politics, and are hosted by people such as Joy Reid, Rachel Maddow, Chris Hayes and Lawrence O’Donnell. There have been accusations of liberal bias made about MSNBC. MSNBC's motto is "Lean Forward", suggesting a progressive political stance. + += = = Athletic director = = = +An athletic director is someone who is in charge of the sports at a school. Most colleges and high schools have an athletic director. + += = = Hyperplane arrangements = = = +Hyperplane arrangements is a branch of mathematics that studies how smaller objects, called hyperplanes, can be arranged in a bigger object. This is related to other fields of mathematics like number theory, combinatorics, and topology. + += = = Bobby Dodd Stadium = = = +Bobby Dodd Stadium at Historic Grant Field is the football stadium at the corner of North Avenue at Techwood Drive on the campus of Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia. It has been home to the Yellow Jackets football team since 1905. It is also the oldest stadium in Division I Football Bowl Subdivision. +Bobby Dodd Stadium is named in honor of Robert Lee "Bobby" Dodd, longtime football coach and athletic director at Georgia Tech. The field is named for Hugh Inman Grant, son of John W. Grant, an Atlanta merchant. +Location. +The stadium is located on the east side of the Georgia Tech campus. It is in the middle of Atlanta, just off Interstate 75/Interstate 85, across from the Varsity restaurant. +History. +It was first known as Grant Field (it was renamed Bobby Dodd Stadium in 1988). The stadium is the oldest continuously used on-campus site for college football in the southern United States. +Football has been played at the current site since 1905. In 1913, grandstands were built for the first time, mostly by Tech students. +The stadium does not look like it originally did. It has been expanded several times. The original stadium seated 5,600. By 1925, the west and south stands were completed, making the stadium a 30,000-seat horseshoe with an open north end. The west stands were rebuilt and a large press box was added in 1947, bringing capacity up to 44,000. The original all-steel 4,105-seat North stands were built in 1958. In 1962 and 1968 the upper decks were added to the East and West sides bringing capacity to its all-time high of 58,121. In 1985 the South stands were taken down to make room for the William C. Wardlaw Center. +The west grandstand now covers the old one, which is still underneath it. Grant Field was occasionally used as a site for Atlanta Falcons games during the team's early years when it was sharing Fulton County Stadium with the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball. If the Falcons needed to play a game at the same time as the Braves, they would play at Grant Field. The lighting was replaced in 1998. +Following the 2001 season, a major expansion and renovation project was started, which was done in two phases in order to play the 2002 season in the stadium. For the 2002 season, seating was returned to the South end in front of the Wardlaw Center, and the original North stands and lower east bleachers were rebuilt and bowled in. After the 2002 season, the expansion was completed by adding a free standing upper deck in the north end zone. This addition of a north end zone upper deck brought Bobby Dodd Stadium to its current capacity. The new stadium was rededicated during the 2003 home season opener versus the Auburn Tigers on September 2, 2003. +In the summer of 2009, Bobby Dodd Stadium underwent a number of changes. First, the scoreboard was renovated and after completion, is now twice as big as the old scoreboard. Also, ribbon boards were installed in front of the Wardlaw Center, as well as along the sides of the stadium. Another change was the improvement of the sound system in the stadium. + += = = Bud Carson = = = +Leon H. "Bud" Carson ( – ) was an American football coach best known for working with the Pittsburgh Steelers' championship teams of the 1970s. +Player. +Carson played defensive back for North Carolina from 1949 to 1951, then entered the Marines. +Coach. +Georgia Tech. +After he left the Marines, he went into coaching. He worked at Georgia Tech for head coach Bobby Dodd. Carson took over as head coach in 1967. Under Carson, the Yellow Jackets had three 4-6 seasons in a row before going 9-3 and winning the Sun Bowl in 1970. In 1971, Tech finished 6-6 after a Peach Bowl loss. He was fired by Georgia Tech after that season. While at Georgia Tech, he made the "Cover 2" defensive strategy that has been widely used by the NFL. +NFL. +Pittsburgh Steelers head coach Chuck Noll hired Carson as defensive coordinator in 1972. Under Carson, the "Steel Curtain" developed as one of the best defenses in National Football League history. The defense, led by Jack Lambert, Mel Blount, Jack Ham and Mean Joe Greene, gave up fewer points than any other American Football Conference team in Pittsburgh's Super Bowl seasons of 1974 and 1975. In 1976, the team gave up fewer than 10 points a game. +After the 1977 season, Carson took over the defensive-coordinator job with the Los Angeles Rams, who lost to the Steelers in Super Bowl XIV. He later worked as a coach for the Kansas City Chiefs and Baltimore Colts. He then was in charge of the New York Jets' defense from 1985 to 1988. In 1989, he was hired as the head coach of the Cleveland Browns. +Cleveland won the AFC Central Division in 1989 before losing to the Denver Broncos in the conference championship for the third time in four years. Browns owner Art Modell fired Carson halfway through the 1990 season, which ended with a 3-13 record. Carson then worked as a coach for the Philadelphia Eagles and the St. Louis Rams before retiring in 1997. +Family. +Carson, a long-time smoker, died in 2005 of emphysema. He was married to Linda Carson, an anchorwoman at Sarasota television station WWSB. His daughter Cathi Carson is the sports reporter at two Jacksonville stations in Jacksonville WTEV and WAWS and was formerly a reporter at WWSB. He also had a son, Cliff, and a daughter, Dana, as well as a stepson, Gary Ford. + += = = Gouverneur Morris = = = +Gouverneur Morris (January 31, 1752 – November 6, 1816) was an American politician and diplomat from New York City. Morris was born and died in Morrisiana, which is now part of The Bronx. He went to college at King's College, New York. He was a delegate to the Continental Congress from New York in the 1770s. In the 1780s, he moved to Philadelphia and was the assistant superintendent of finance. He was also a delegate to the Constitutional Convention from Pennsylvania. He was very active there, giving 173 speeches. This was more speeches than any other person gave. Morris wrote the Preamble and many of the sections of the Constitution. Later, he served as ambassador to France from 1792 to 1794. He was a U.S. Senator from 1800 to 1803. +Late in life, Morris was head of the group building the Erie Canal. He wanted a strong central government, and wanted people to think of themselves mostly as Americans rather than people of the state they lived in. Morris also spoke out against slavery. He had a wooden leg. Morris lost his leg in a carriage accident in 1780. He is also noted for keeping a diary of his life. + += = = Herman Hickman = = = +Herman M. Hickman (October 1, 1911 - April 25, 1958) was a Hall of Fame college football player for the University of Tennessee, and played for the NFL's Brooklyn Dodgers. He later coached football and was a professional wrestler. +Playing career. +Hickman came to the University of Tennessee from Johnson City, Tennessee. Hickman was a guard for the Tennessee Volunteers football team from 1929–1931. He was chosen for Grantland Rice's All American football team in 1931. Hickman was also named to the All-Southern team in 1931 with teammate Gene McEver. Coach Robert Neyland held Hickman in high regard. "When one (football writer) said Hickman was 'the best guard the South ever produced,' Coach General Bob Neyland snarled, 'Herman Hickman is the greatest guard football has ever known.'" +Following his time at Tennessee, Hickman played for the NFL's Brooklyn Dodgers from 1932 to 1934. He was named an All Pro at left guard in 1933.< name=bio/> He was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1959. +Coaching career. +Hickman was an assistant at Wake Forest, North Carolina State and West Point before earning the head coaching job at Yale University in 1948. He led the Bulldogs to a 16-17-2 record before resigning in 1951. +Other activities. +Hickman was a writer, who came to be known as "Poet Laureate of the Little Smokies." He was also a staff writer for Sports Illustrated. +Hickman also was a professional wrestler, known as "The Tennessee Terror." He wrestled in over 500 matches. + += = = No More Heroes (video game) = = = +No More Heroes is an action video game for Wii system. The game's main character is Travis Touchdown, who is trying to be the number one hitman. His weapon is a kind of light sword which probably comes from "Star Wars". + += = = Butterflyfish = = = +Butterflyfish are a group of brightly marked tropical marine fish in the family Chaetodontidae. The bannerfish and coralfish are also included in this group. They live mostly on the reefs of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. There are about 120 species in 10 genera. + += = = Marine angelfish = = = +Marine angelfish are group of fish of the family Pomacanthidae. They are found on shallow reefs in the tropical Atlantic, Indian, and mostly western Pacific oceans. The family contains seven genera and approximately 86 species. + += = = Viktor Korchnoi = = = +Viktor Korchnoi (23 March 1931 – 6 June 2016) was a professional chess grandmaster. He was born in Leningrad, USSR (Saint Petersburg). In 1976 he defected to the Netherlands. He lived in Switzerland for many years, and became a Swiss citizen. Towards the end of his life, he was the oldest active grandmaster on the regular tournament circuit. Viktor was at or near the top in chess for half a century. +In all, Korchnoi was a candidate for the World Championship on ten occasions (1962, 1968, 1971, 1974, 1977, 1980, 1983, 1985, 1988 and 1991). Korchnoi was also a four-time USSR chess champion, a five-time member of Soviet teams that won the European championship, and a six-time member of Soviet teams that won the Chess Olympiad. +Matches against Karpov. +Korchnoi played three matches against Anatoly Karpov, the latter two for the World Chess Championship. In 1974, he lost the Candidates final to Karpov by the narrowest margin: 11.5–12.5. Karpov was declared world champion in 1975 when Bobby Fischer failed to defend his title. Then, after defecting from the Soviet Union in 1976, Korchnoi won two Candidates cycles to qualify for World Championship matches with Karpov in 1978 and 1981. +1978 match. +The 1978 Karpov–Korchnoi World Championship match was held in Baguio, Philippines. It was one of those events where the struggle took place off as well as on the board. Korchnoi's status as a defector and stateless person was exploited to the full by the Soviet delegation. Karpov's team was a dozen strong, and only three of them were chess players. They included Dr Zukhar, Karpov's personal psychiatrist/psychologist, whom (it was claimed) attempted to hypnotise Korchnoi during play. +There was constant controversy off the board, with X-raying of chairs, protests about the flags used on the board, hypnotism complaints and the mirror glasses used by Korchnoi. When Karpov's team sent him a blueberry yogurt during a game without any request for one by Karpov, the Korchnoi team protested, claiming it could be some kind of code. They later said this was intended as a parody of earlier protests, but it was taken seriously at the time. The story of these off-the-board struggles has been reported in detail, from the Korchnoi point of view. +See also version 2 release notes and version 3 release notes +Mac OS X. +Picasa for Mac was launched in 2008. A plugin was available for iPhoto to upload to the Picasa Web Albums hosting service. There was also a standalone Picasa Web Albums uploading tools for OS X 10.4 or later. Using Darwine or similar compatibility layers, however, Picasa can run on Mac OS X. + += = = Failure = = = +A failure (fail, or flop) is where a goal or mission is not completed. It can mean the opposite of success. +Commercial failure. +A commercial failure is a product that does not complete a goal. +Most of the items listed below had high expectations, but failed to be successful. +Product failure. +Product failure can be the failure to sell the product, or a problem with the product that may stop it from working after a while, or lead to the person using the product hurting themselves. The Edsel, a brand from Ford that was marketed in the late 50’s is one of the best known product failures and became closely associated with them. +Examinations. +People who take tests or examinations will pass the test if they are successful. If they are unsuccessful they "fail" the test. + += = = Telecommunication = = = +Telecommunication (from two words, "tele" meaning 'from far distances' and "communication" meaning to share information) is the assisted transmission of signals over a distance for the purpose of communication. In earlier times, this may have involved the use of smoke signals, drums, semaphore, flags, or a mirror to flash sunlight. Starting with the telegraph, telecommunication typically involves the use of electronic transmitters such as the telephone, television, radio, optical fiber and computer. + += = = Jim Keltner = = = +Jim Keltner is an American musician (drummer). His career began in the early 1960s, playing at recording sessions for other musicians, and even for bands, including Gary Lewis and the Playboys. +Keltner played on recordings by members of The Beatles, after they disbanded. He and Ringo Starr played drums as a team during George Harrison's Concert for Bangladesh in 1971, and got along well. Keltner even played drums on some of Starr's solo records, and Starr was thought of as one of the best drummers in rock and roll music. +John Lennon counted on Keltner to play drums on his solo records, when Starr was not available. In 1973, he helped Lennon's wife Yoko Ono put a band together to record and tour with her. +Keltner toured the United States with George Harrison during 1974. He told Harrison he did not want to be paid to play on the tour. Harrison wanted to give him something for his work. Keltner was tired of driving his old car, so Harrison bought him a new Mercedes-Benz, as payment. +While Keltner had played for many artists and bands, he had never been a member of a band, until Little Village formed in the late 1980s. + += = = Autopackage = = = +Autopackage is a free computer programme aimed at making it simple to create other programs that can be installed on all Linux distributions. +Right now, the only operating system to include Autopackage is Super Ubuntu + += = = Marcy Levy = = = +Marcella "Marcy" Levy (born June 21, 1952 in Detroit, Michigan) is an American musician and singer (soprano). She is well-known both under her real name, and as Marcella Detroit. +As Marcy Levy, she was a member of Eric Clapton's band in the 1970s, and wrote the song "Lay Down Sally", which was a hit for Clapton. She also sang with Randy Meisner and the Silverados in the early 1980s. She later moved to England, and renamed herself after her hometown. +As Marcella Detroit, she was a member of Shakespear's Sister, a duo with former Bananarama member Siobhan Fahey. They recorded two albums together, and several of the songs from the albums became hits. The two split during the recording of the third Shakespear's Sister album, in the mid-1990s. +She began a solo career as Marcella Detroit, but later went back to her original name. She appeared as an angel in "Absolutely Fabulous: The Last Shout". + += = = Mastering (audio) = = = +Mastering is the process of moving audio from recording device to the storage device. All copies after that are made from the master copy. Master recordings (usually called just "masters") can be made on discs, tapes, and computer data storage formats. +A multitrack master is an original multitrack recording, which may be worked on over time. This may have four, eight, sixteen or more tracks. This kind of recording cannot be played on an ordinary machine, and needs a special machine to be played or recorded. +Multitrack recordings are mixed when they are finished, into a mono (monaural), stereo, or Surround Sound recording. This is called a mixed master. Copies of the mixed master can be played on an ordinary machine. +Master recordings are often valuable, especially if the recording artist is popular. Most masters are owned by record companies, but many artists and bands own their own master recordings, or are able to buy them later. +Recordings are sometimes remastered, to copy them to another format, or to make them sound better. Digital recording allows for older analog recordings to be "cleaned up", and preserved. + += = = National League East = = = +The National League East is a division in the MLB. All of the teams are on the east coast of the U.S. In 2007, 2008, and 2009, the Phillies won the division; they also won the 2008 World Series. The NL East is known as one of the toughest divisions in the MLB. + += = = Major League Baseball All-Star Game = = = +In Major League Baseball, the All-Star Game is the game between the best players from the American League (AL) and the National League (NL). The game is held in July of each season. From 2003 to 2016, The winner of the game got home field advantage in the World Series. Prior to that, home field advantage alternated every year between the two leagues. Starting in 2017, the pennant winner with the better regular season record now gets home field advantage in the World Series. As of 2023, the American League has won 47 times, and the National League has won 44 times. There have been two ties. + += = = Cognate = = = +A cognate is a word from the same as another word. Cognates are words that have a common origin (). They may happen in a language or in a group of languages. +Example One: +Example Two: +The general rule is that cognates have similar meanings and are derived from the same root (origin). A fine example is the word for night in almost all Indo-European languages: +"nuit" (French), "noche" (Spanish), "Nacht" (German), "nacht" (Dutch), "nag" (Afrikaans), "nicht" (Scots), "natt" (Swedish, Norwegian), "nat" (Danish), "nátt" (Faroese), "nótt" (Icelandic), "noc" (Czech, Slovak, Polish), ����, "noch" (Russian), ���, "noć" (Macedonian), ���, "nosht" (Bulgarian), "���", "nich" (Ukrainian), "���", "noch"/"noč" (Belarusian), "noč" (Slovene), "noć" (Bosnian, Serbian, Croatian), ���, "nyx" (Ancient Greek, "�����"/"nychta" in Modern Greek), "nox/nocte" (Latin), "nakt-" (Sanskrit), "natë" (Albanian), "nos" (Welsh), "nueche" (Asturian), "noite" (Portuguese and Galician), "notte" (Italian), "nit" (Catalan), "nuèch/nuèit" (Occitan), "noapte" (Romanian), "nakts" (Latvian), "naktis" (Lithuanian) and "Naach" (Colognian), all meaning "night" and being derived from the Proto-Indo-European nókwts ("night"). +Basic English uses cognates, such as animal, attention, night, apparatus, experience, brother, invention, metal, etc. +History. +The word 'cognate' is derived from the Latin word 'cognatus' meaning 'to be born with'. +In reading Churchill's "History of the English Speaking Peoples", it would be well to keep in mind (remember) what George Bernard Shaw says: "England and America are two countries divided by a common language." +Speakers of British English and American English face the problem of meeting "false friends". +False friends. +As a rule, similar-sounding words have the same meaning but when they do not, they are called "false friends". +Example one: Spanish 'actual' and English 'actual' are cognates because they have the same root (origin) but they are "false friends" because Spanish 'actual' means "of the present moment" while English 'actual' means "real". +Example two: German 'hell', Norwegian 'hell' and English 'hell' are not cognates, but are spelled the same. In German, 'hell' means 'light' and in Norwegian it means 'luck', while in English it means hell. +False cognates. +Sometimes, two words look alike and it appears that they are cognates but they are not because they are not derived from the same root. +Example one: In the English language, the word 'light' (something that makes things visible) is not a cognate of the word 'light' (not heavy) because they are not derived from the same root. +Example two: The German word 'haben' and the English word " mean the same thing and they appear to be cognates but they are not simply because they are not derived from the same root. +Example three: The Japanese word 'okiru' ��� and the English word 'occur' have the same thing happening as example two. + += = = Wireless router = = = +A wireless router allows the user of computers and other electronic devices to connect to a computer network using Wi-Fi. + += = = Glyptodon = = = +Glyptodon is a genus of glyptodont. It is part of the placental group of mammals known as Xenarthra. This order of mammals includes anteaters, tree sloths, extinct ground sloths, extinct pampatheres, and armadillos. +"Glyptodon" came from South America. A related genus, "Glyptotherium", first appeared in the south-west of the modern USA about 2.5 million years ago as a result of the Great American Interchange. +These herbivores (plant-eaters) would not have been vulnerable to the Sparassodont carnivores of the day. The native human population in their range is believed to have hunted them and used the shells for shelter in bad weather. + += = = Stegodon = = = +Stegodon is a genus of extinct elephant. They lived from the late Miocene to the late Pleistocene. +Fossils are found in Asian and African strata dating from the late Miocene. They lived in large parts of Asia, East and Central Africa and North America during the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs. +Some "Stegodon" species were among the largest of all elephants. Some adults were 13 feet (4 m) high at the shoulder and 26 feet (8 m) long, not including 10 feet (3m) long nearly straight tusks. A few were much smaller, living on islands. +Browser rather than grazer. +The teeth of "Stegodon" show that it was mainly a browser. As time passed, grassland increasingly took the place of forests, and browsers were at something of a disadvantage. No doubt, they were also hunted by early man. + += = = Bakhshali = = = +Bakhshali is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°17'0N 72��9'0E and has a height of 307 metres (1010 ft). +History. +The village is famous for being the place where the Bakhshali manuscript was found. This is an ancient mathematical work written on birch bark and is the oldest surviving document in South Asia of Indian mathematics. It was discovered in 1881 during British rule by a tenant of Mian An-Wan-Udin, a police inspector. The tenant discovered it while he was digging in an abandoned building. +Bakhshali today. +In March 2007 there were attacks made on music shops in Bakhshali. Two people were injured and one was killed in attacks by an unidentified extremist group who attacked the bazaar shooting and killing the watchman of the Seven Stars music centre. +In August 2007 the people of Bakhshali observed a strike against power cuts. They blocked the main Mardan to Bakshali road in protest. The protectors said that the power cuts were harming business and their children's studies. The village has also been affected by violence between the Taliban and the government; on 24 January 2008 the militants attacked the vehicle of former Health minister Syed Kamal Shah injuring his guard. The rebels have also been pressuring local people to stop listening to music as well launching bomb attacks in the area. +On 15 August a meeting of elders in Mardan decided to set up anti-Taliban group similar to one that has been stated in neighbouring Buner District. According to Shakoor Khan, an elder from Bakhshali who attended the meeting, "Before the Taliban resorts to torching more schools, we have decided to resist them". + += = = Birch bark = = = +Birch bark or birchbark is usually the bark of the paper birch tree or sometimes of similar trees such as gray (wire) birch. +Birch bark is useful because it is strong and water-resistant. It is similar in some ways to cardboard. And can be easily cut, bent and sewn. Because of this it has been very valuable for building, crafting, and writing material ever since ancient times. Birch bark also contains substances that are used in medicines and chemicals. +Uses. +Birch bark was valuable throughout the world where birch trees were available: +Birch bark is can also be used as a tinder. It is very good tinder as the inner layers will stay dry even through heavy rainstorms. To make birch bark useless as tinder, it must be soaked in water for a very long time. + += = = Bakhshali manuscript = = = +The Bakhshali Manuscript is a mathematical manuscript written on birch bark. It was found in 1881 near the village of Bakhshali in what was then the North-West Frontier Province of British India (now Pakistan). Most of the manuscript is missing, only seventy leaves of birch bark remain. +No-one knows how old it is and different scholars have come up with different dates. Most scholars agree that the manuscript is a copy of a more ancient text. + += = = Bazaar = = = +bazaar is an Persian word which can be also seen in other languages like and . bazaar is an area that is always used for shopping. It can be a market place or a street of shops where things are exchanged or sold. +The word bazaar is from the Persian word "bāzār", this word itself comes from the Pahlavi word "baha-char" (������), meaning "the place of prices". Although the meaning of the word "bazaar" started in Persia, it has spread and is now used in many countries around world. +The world's biggest bazaar is the Grand Bazaar, Tehran, other well-known ones are the Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, the Old Bazaar in Cairo, the Chandni Chowk in Delhi or the Anarkali Bazar in Lahore. Very often, banks, or moneylenders, cafes and mosques can also be found in a bazaar. + += = = Alo, Mardan = = = +Alo is a town and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It has a height of 406 metres (1335 feet). + += = = Graham Nash = = = +Graham William Nash OBE (born 2 February 1942 in Blackpool, England) is an English musician, singer and songwriter. He was a founding member of The Hollies, but left that band to form Crosby, Stills & Nash with David Crosby and Stephen Stills. He moved to California to be part of the new group, which Neil Young also joined later. +While Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young broke apart and came back together many times, Nash has almost always worked with David Crosby since the 1960s. +Nash became an American citizen in 1978. Besides music, he is also a talented photographer, and collector of photographs. Nash was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE). + += = = Babini = = = +Babini is a town and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. + += = = Babozai = = = +Babozai is a town and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°50'0N 72°8'0E and has a height of 1754 metres (5757 feet). + += = = Bala Garhi = = = +Bala Garhi is a town and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°14'0N 72°9'0E and has a height of 302 metres (994 feet). + += = = Chamtar = = = +Chamtar is a town and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°10'47N 71°59'2E and has a height of 286 metres (941 feet). + += = = Charguli = = = +Charguli is a town and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°19'0N 72°14'0E and has a height of 342 metres (1125 feet). + += = = Dagai = = = +Dagai is a town and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. + += = = Dheri = = = +Dheri is a town and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. + += = = Garhi Daulatzai = = = +Garhi Daulatzai is a town and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°12'0N 72°10'0E and has height of 294 metres (967 feet). + += = = Garhi Ismail Zai = = = +Garhi Ismail Zai is a town and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°12'0N 72°10'0E and has a height of 294 metres (967 feet). + += = = Garyala = = = +Garyala is a town and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°16'0N 72°13'0E and has a height of 317 metres (1043 feet). + += = = Gujar Garhi = = = +Gujar Garhi is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°14'0N 72°1'0E and has a height of 298m (980 feet). + += = = Hathian = = = +Hathian is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°23'35N 71°55'0E and has an altitude of 372m (1223 feet). + += = = Lund Khwar = = = +Lund Khwar, is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°23'22N 71°58'51E with a height of 371 metres (1220 feet). Lund Khwar means "the ever flowing stream (or brook)". The village was founded in the 12th century by Yousafzai and Khattak tribesmen. + += = = Muslimabad (Mardan) = = = +Muslimabad or Muslim Abad is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°23'0N 71°54'5E and has a height of 379 metres (1246 feet). + += = = Rustam, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa = = = +Rustam is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°21'0N 72°17'0E and has a height of . + += = = Shamozai = = = +Shamozai is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°23'0N 72°8'0E and has a height of 713m (2342 feet). + += = = Saro Shah = = = +Saro Shah or Sari is a town and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°14'9N 71°54'30E and has a height of 316 metres (1040 feet). + += = = Takkar = = = +Takkar is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°17'18N 71°53'50E and has a height of 338m (1112 feet). + += = = Toru, Mardan = = = +Toru is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°9'0N 72°6'0E and has a height of 291m (958 feet). + += = = University of Bologna = = = +The University of Bologna is the oldest university in the world in continuous operation. It was founded in Bologna, Italy in about 1088. +The university received a charter from Frederick I Barbarossa in 1158. In the 19th century, a committee of historians traced the founding of the University back to 1088. If so, it is the oldest continuous university in the world. That is slightly earlier than the University of Oxford, where there is evidence of teaching in 1096. +Bologna was also the first to use the term "universitas" for the corporation of students and masters which make up a university. +History. +In the Middle Ages, the University of Bologna was famous in all Europe for its schools of humanities and law. +The poets Dante and Petrarca studied at this university. Called officially "Alma mater studiorum", the university is an institution for students of both sexes, supported by the state. It offers courses in arts, law, medicine, pharmacy, mathematics, engineering, agronomy, veterinary medicine and pedagogy. The Italian semiologist and writer Umberto Eco was the Chair of semiotics at the university. The former prime minister of Italy, Romano Prodi, is a professor in the Department of Economics. + += = = University of Warsaw = = = +The University of Warsaw (Polish "Uniwersytet Warszawski") is the largest university in Poland. The chancellor (rector) of the university is Marcin Pałys. +History. +1816-1831. +The "Royal University of Warsaw" was established in 1816, when the parts of Poland were separated in Warsaw, from the academic (i.e. associated with higher education) centre of Cracow more ancient and influential. The School of Law and the School of Medicine had been established first time in the Duchy of Warsaw. In 1816, Alexander I had permitted the Polish authorities to create a university, with five faculties: Law and Administration, Medicine, Philosophy, Theology, and Arts and Humanities. Soon there were 800 students and 50 professors. +However, after students and professors took part in the November Uprising of 1830, the university was closed by the Russians. + += = = E-cigarette = = = +An electronic cigarette (or e-cigarette, e-cig), also known as a vape, is a cigarette substitute. It gives small amounts of the chemical nicotine without the tobacco or other chemicals from real cigarettes. +The main substances making up in the liquid in the e-cigarettes are nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin and some flavors or smells. Using an e-cigarette is known as "vaping". +Function. +An E-cigarette is made of 3 parts: +The e-liquid (propylene glycol and/or glycerin) is heated to make a vapour which looks like the smoke from real cigarettes. This caries the nicotine to the lungs where it is absorbed. +As of 2015, 3 generations of "electonic cigarettes" are known: +History. +The modern electronic cigarette was invented by Hon Lik (regarded as the 'father of the electronic cigarette'), a Chinese pharmacist and inventor. Hon had himself quit smoking, after his father, also a heavy smoker, had died of lung cancer. Hon patented the modern e-cigarette design in 2003, and starting selling it domestically. Many versions made their way to the U.S., sold mostly over the Internet by small marketing firms. +However, many US and Chinese e-cig manufacturers copied his designs illegally, and as a result Hon Lik did not get the expected financial rewards for his invention (although some US manufacturers have recompensated him through out of court settlements). +In 2008, this attracted the attention of the World Health Organization ("WHO") who said that these e-cigarettes were not proper nicotine replacement therapy and that this mis-information had to be taken away from any sites or advertisements saying that they were. +Starting 2012 Tobacco companies also want a piece of E-Cigarette-cake and work on their own products. Marlboro goes for heating tobacco, Philip Morris tests a fizz-like method while British American Tobacco tries a medical-like inhaler. Many big tobacco companies didn't do their own research or stopped at some point. Instead they bought smaller e-cig companies to enter the market. +E-Liquid. +These devices have a battery powered heating element and tank that contains a liquid solution made by combining nicotine, vegetable glycol or propylene glycol and flavorings. The gadget that can be bought in a variety of shapes and sizes usually resembles a pen or a regular cigarette, and it works like a vaporizer. The liquid used in e-cigs is commonly made of propylene glycol, glycerin, distilled water, artificial (fake) flavors and optionally nicotine. It often tastes like tobacco, fruit, mint/menthol or sweets. +In 2017, the TRPR (Tobacco and Related Products Regulations), which was a revised interpretation of the EU Commission's TPD (Tobacco Products Directive), came into effect in the UK. This piece of legislation aimed to ensure the safety of vape products include vape kits and included the limitations of nicotine-containing e-liquid bottles to 10ml, vape tank sizes to 2ml as well as nicotine strength of e-liquid to a maximum of 20mg. Current UK laws state the sale of e-cigarettes and e-liquids is legal to over 18s only, but many shops allow minors over the age of 12 to purchase nicotine-free e-liquid as all the ingredients in it are safe compared to nicotine e-liquid. Technically it is illegal for a minor to purchase any vaping products or any items associated with e-cigarettes but it is perfectly legal for a minor to use an e-cigarette, nicotine or nicotine-free. These are UK laws only. +Legal History. +Many countries are not approving electronic cigarettes as a less harmful alternative to traditional cigarettes. +The sale of tobacco cigarettes with flavor (except menthol) has been stopped in some countries but not yet in Europe or the USA. +The EU is testing if the product is bad to the health and safety of persons in general. They are also researching if electronic cigarettes can be called a medical product. In 2009 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was provided authority by Congress to ban all sales of cigarettes with flavors, except menthol. +Because many countries are not sure if electronic cigarettes are a medical product, each country has their own opinion and rules on e-cigarettes. +Health institutions are more and more interested in E-cigarettes because they are much cheaper than smoking regular ones, making them popular alternative. In the United States of America, individual states have different rules on use and sale of electronic cigarettes. +Apart from medical reasons e-cigarettes have also been banned in airport and other high population-density public places due to a number of incidents where they have been a cause of fire. +The United Kingdom are one of few countries to have government support for electronic cigarettes and e-liquids. Specifically, the NHS recommend e-cigarettes as a less harmful alternative to smoking +In Australia vapes are legal but is publicly recommended not to use electronic cigarettes. Such advertisements are "vape truths" also known as "puff or pass" which is displayed on advertisements on social media platforms and public broadcasting television. Western Australia has no laws limiting the sale of vapes to underage minors, and nicotine laws regarding vape pens. +New Zealand has a Vaping Regulatory Authority to manage the sale of electronic cigarettes. +References. +4. https://www.health.gov.au/health-topics/smoking-and-tobacco/about-smoking-and-tobacco/about-e-cigarettes updated 11 august 2021. + += = = Great Pyramid of Giza = = = +The Great Pyramid of Giza is a huge pyramid built by the Ancient Egyptians. It stand 18.4 km from Cairo, Egypt. It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain mostly intact. When it was built it was 146.5 metres (481 feet) tall. It was the tallest building in the world for over 3,800 years. Erosion and other causes have shrunk it to 138.8 metres. The pyramid was built for Khufu, an Egyptian pharaoh. It was perhaps built by Khufu's vizier, Hemiunu. It is believed that it took about 20 years to build, and was completed around 2570 BC. +When it was built, the Great Pyramid was covered by white stones that formed a smooth outer surface. Some of these stones can still be seen around the base. Most of what can be seen of the pyramid now is its basic core 2,300,000 blocks of limestone and granite. There have been many different theories to explain how the pyramid was built. Most accepted building ideas are based on the idea of moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting them into place. Archaeologists found that the Pyramids of Giza were not built by slaves, but workers who were paid for working. Their graves were found near the pyramid in 1990. +There are three known rooms, or chambers, inside the Great Pyramid. The lowest chamber is cut into the rock on which the pyramid was built. This chamber was not finished. The other two chambers are higher up inside the pyramid. They are called the Queen's Chamber and the King's Chamber, but these are modern labels as we do not know how the Egyptians were going to use them. The Great Pyramid has two passages, one leading up, and the other down. It is the only Egyptian pyramid to have the two passages. +The Great Pyramid is part of a group of buildings, called the Giza Necropolis. This includes two mortuary temples in honour of Khufu. One is close to the pyramid and one near the Nile. There are three smaller pyramids for Khufu's wives. Other buildings include an even smaller "satellite" pyramid, and a raised causeway which joins the two temples. There are other tombs, called mastaba, probably for other important people. + += = = .hack = = = +.hack (pronounced "dot-hack") is a Japanese multimedia franchise. + += = = Premier League (disambiguation) = = = +A Premier League is normally a league in sports at the top of the league system. +Premier League may refer to: +in Basketball +in Cricket: +in Football: +in Rugby league: +in Speedway: + += = = Surf rock = = = +Surf rock is a kind of rock music. It started in the USA in the 1950s. As the name suggests surf rock had a strong relationship to the sport of surfing. +The Beach Boys are an example of a band that play surf rock. Much of the surf-rock that exists is instrumental and guitar-based. This instrumental music tends to include up-front echoey guitars, usually those made by Fender. The most famous surf-rock guitarist, Dick Dale is well known for the track Misirlou. + += = = Cigarettes and Valentines = = = +Cigarettes and Valentines was going to be an album by Green Day. It was recorded in the summer of 2003, but after making 20 tracks, the master tapes were stolen from the studio. The band was upset so decided not to try to re-create the stolen album, but instead started on a new album that they vowed would be even better than before. The new album was "American Idiot". +The "Cigarettes and Valentines" album was rumoured to have been secretly released as "Money Money 2020" by The Network. The Network is a band that contains all the Green Day members under different names. Billie Joe (a member of Green Day) has gone on record admitting that The Network is Green Day's side project. However he also said that "Money Money 2020" is not "Cigarettes and Valentines". + += = = The Silmarillion = = = +The Silmarillion is a book written by J. R. R. Tolkien. It was first published posthumously (after Tolkien was dead) in 1977, edited by his son Christopher Tolkien. "The Silmarillion" is set in Tolkien's world Middle-earth, and is about its early history before "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings". +The name "Silmarillion" can mean the published book (as in "The Silmarillion"), but it can also mean all the stories from the First Age of Middle-earth (the "Quenta Silmarillion"). +Overview. +The published "The Silmarillion" has five parts: + += = = Shipping Forecast = = = +The Shipping Forecast is a weather forecast covering the sea around the United Kingdom and Ireland. It has been broadcast four times a day on BBC Radio 4 since the 1920s. +The Met Office, the UK meteorological centre, produces it for the Maritime Coastguard Agency. The forecast talks about lots of places, starting with "Viking" in the northeast and going clockwise around the British coastline until it reaches "Southeast Iceland" in the northwest. Sometimes the names are changed to keep them the same as in other countries. It is one of the first items on Radio 4 each day, and has been referenced in many poems and songs, including a poem by Seamus Heaney and a song by the British band, Blur ("This is a Low"). +Protocol. +There is a strict set of rules (a protocol) on how the forecast is written, and it has a limit of 370 words. It is always said in the same way and is around 9 minutes long. The language of the forecast is hard to understand unless the listener understands how the rules work. For example: People listening to the forecast who know the protocol can understand it as "In the English Channel, there are strong winds, followed by a stronger wind in less than twelve hours time with some light rain, but good visibility". The numbers refer to the Beaufort Scale of wind strength. "Imminent" means within 6 hours, "soon" between 6 and 12, and "later" meaning after 12 hours. There are lots of other jargon used in the Shipping Forecast. +"Sailing By". +An instrumental piece of music, "Sailing By", is played before the 00:45 broadcast of the Shipping Forecast. It acts as a buffer between the news bulletin and the Shipping Forecast, in order to make the Shipping Forecast play at exactly the same time each day. This gives the Radio 4 controllers leeway if the programming of Radio 4 is running late. There was an outcry when it was temporarily taken off air for two years in 1993. "Sailing By" was written by Ronald Binge, in 1962 a light music composer. +Methods. +The Shipping Forecast is broadcast in many different ways, most famously, on the radio. BBC Radio 4, the radio station that the Forecast is broadcast from three times a day, can be listened to as far away as Denmark, or can be listened to anywhere in the world via the BBC's website. +Navtex. +An updated Shipping Forecast is broadcast six times a day from three Navtex transmitters placed strategically around the coast of the United Kingdom, giving information on the areas near to the transmitter. The three transmitters are called Cullercoats, Niton and Portpatrick, after the places they are at. Navtex is a type of radio communication that sends a message to a receiver that picks it up and changes it into text, like to a mobiles' text message. The Navtex messages can be received up to 270 miles offshore. Navtex is an acronym for NAVigational TEXt messages. Major areas of general Navtex coverage include the Mediterranean Sea, the North Sea, Japan and the coasts of North America. Navtex is one of the more common ways of receiving the Shipping Forecast when off-shore. +Coastguard. +The Maritime Coastguard Agency sends messages every three hours from their sixteen stations that are located by the coast. They also send important navigational notices and a forecast that is for the area. The "Maritime Safety Information" broadcast includes a part of the Shipping Forecast, specific for the area in question. +Other forecasts. +There are several related forecasts that are similar to the Shipping Forecast. The High Seas Forecast is similar to the Shipping Forecast in format and protocol, but is about the North Atlantic ocean, or 'Met Area 1'. It can be seen on Radio 4's website. It is also split into lots of areas, and some of them have the same name as in the Shipping Forecast. +Other websites. +Read the Shipping Forecast] +http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/coast_and_sea/shipping_forecast + += = = The Mail on Sunday = = = +The Mail on Sunday is a British newspaper. Over six million people read it every week. It was first published in 1982 by Lord Northcliffe. It sells the second biggest amount of Sunday newspapers in Britain after"The News of the World". The Daily Mail was launched nearly a century before(1896) and is The Mail on Sunday's "sister paper". +They are both owned by Associated Newspapers, but the editorial staff are completely separate. +History. +"The Mail on Sunday" was first launched on 2 May 1982, to go with the "Daily Mail". The first story ever printed on the front page was the "RAF's bombing of Port Stanley airport in the Falklands". The Daily Mail and General Trust(DMGT)came up with some tough targets for the paper to reach. Initially DMGT wanted to sell 1.25 million copies a week. But the launch of The Mail on Sunday was not a success. After six weeks, sales were only around 700,000 copies. +Lord Rothermere then brought in the "Daily Mail"'s editor David English (later Sir David). He helped redesign and re-launch The Mail on Sunday. In the first three and a half months, Sir David managed to stop the fall in sales. The circulation then increased to 840,000. Three new sections were introduced: +Today (2008)the circulation is around 2.3 million, an increase of more than 1.5 million. +The newspaper's reputation developed thanks to Stewart Steven. Its circulation grew from around 1 million to almost 2 million during his time in charge. The editor who followed him was Jonathan Holborow and the current editor is Peter Wright. + += = = PackageKit = = = +PackageKit is a free group of software applications designed to provide a consistent and high-level front end for a number of different package management systems. PackageKit was made by Richard Hughes. + += = = Advanced Packaging Tool = = = +The Advanced packaging tool, or APT, is a user interface that works with core libraries to handle the sometimes difficult job of installing software on Linux. + += = = APT = = = +APT may refer to: + += = = APTonCD = = = +APTonCD is a tool for backing up software that can create one or more ISOs, CDs or DVDs with all of the software the user downloaded via APT-GET or APTITUDE, so it can be used on other computers. +APTonCD will also allow the user to automatically create media with all of the .deb packages in one place, so that the user can install them into other computers without the need for an internet connection. + += = = Synaptic Package Manager = = = +Synaptic is a computer program which is a GTK+ graphical user interface front-end to the Advanced Packaging Tool for the Debian package management system. Synaptic is usually used on systems based on deb packages but can also be used on systems based on RPM packages. It can be used to install, remove and upgrade software packages and to add repositories. + += = = StartUp-Manager = = = +StartUp-Manager is a program to configure GRUB, Splash and Splashy. +It was originally an Ubuntu project, but was later adapted to Debian. + += = = Manacor = = = +Manacor is a town and a municipality on the island of Majorca. It is well known for its artificial pearls but also for its furniture manufacture. 25.324 people live in the town. Manacor's municipality has 35.908 people, including Manacor (25.324), Porto Cristo (6.385), S'Illot-Cala Morland (1.576), Son Macià (839), Cales de Mallorca (725), Cala Murada (624), Cala Anguila-Cala Mendia (296), S'Estany den Mas (139). Miguel Ángel Nadal as well as his nephew Rafael Nadal were born in Manacor. + += = = Miguel Ángel Nadal = = = +Miguel Ángel Nadal (born July 28 1966 in Manacor, Majorca) is a former Spanish football player. He played as a defender or a midfielder. He played for Mallorca from 1986 to 1991 and for Barcelona from 1991 until 1999 where he was nicknamed "The Beast of Barcelona". He also played for the Spain national team earning 62 caps, and played in three world cups (1994, 1998, 2002). He returned to Mallorca in 1999 until 2005 when he retired. +He is Rafael Nadal's uncle and his brother is "Rafa's" coach, Toni Nadal. +Club career statistics. +494||38 +494||38 +International career statistics. +!Total||62||3 +Honours. +With Barcelona he won: +With Mallorca he won: + += = = Fetch! With Ruff Ruffman = = = +Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman is a reality children's television program that is shown on PBS. It is hosted by an animated dog, Ruff Ruffman, who gives out challenges to the six kids competing on the program. +The series aired for five seasons and 100 episodes from May 29, 2006, to November 4, 2010 on PBS, with over 30 contestants by that time. Although a sixth season was planned for early 2011, with auditions taking place in January 2010, WGBH announced on June 14, 2010, that due to a lack of funding, the series would end. It previously aired reruns on the 24 hour PBS Kids Channel from January 16, 2017 until November 20, 2018. +All 5 seasons are available to stream on Amazon Prime Video and PlayStation Vue. +In June 2008, the series received it's first Emmy for Best Original Song for it's theme. +Games. +Below is a list of Ruff Ruffman games. +Hamster Run. +Hamster Run is a game that was released on October 10, 2017, and is meant for hamster lovers. +There are millions of hamsters in this game. +Ruff's Cookie Creator. +Ruff's Cookie Creator is a game that was released on September 28, 2017 and is for anyone. +There are three customers in Ruff's Cookie Creator, those include Scruff Ruffman, Glen Ruffman, and Grandma Ruffman. Ruff's Cookie Creator can be played on Android, IOS, Fire OS, and PC. +Spinoffs. +There have been so many spinoffs of Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman. +"Ruff Ruffman: Humble Media Genius". +Later, in May 2014, a brand new spin-off was announced, called "Ruff Ruffman: Humble Media Genius". This spin-off debuted in Fall 2014 and features short animations of Ruff Ruffman, focusing on how to be safe on the internet. +Episodes: +"The Ruff Ruffman Show". +On July 30, 2017, PBS Kids and WGBH announced that Ruff Ruffman along with his two assistants Blossom and Chet would be making a comeback in a brand new digital series called The Ruff Ruffman Show, where they answer questions from real kids, take on challenges and learns the value of perseverance—all while modeling science inquiry skills. The digital series premiered on September 28, 2017, and ran until October 20, 2017 on PBSKids.org and YouTube, with one season and 22 episodes. +It also teaches children certain science inquiry skills. The topics on the show that are featured include building new things, materials, sports, and kitchen science. +"Team Hamster!". +On December 28, 2020, a brand new web series called Team Hamster! premiered. It is a spin-off focusing on Ruff Ruffman's hamsters - Sadie, Mateo, and Tasha. The series also ties-in with games on the PBS Kids website. +Cancelled spinoff: S"pyhounds". +WGBH and Global Mechanic had originally announced plans to produce a spin-off of "Fetch!" based on the online game "Spyhounds". It was going to feature Ruff, Blossom, and Chet having a brand new career as super-spies, and Ruff is in "way" over his head. Luckily, he has much help: five clever kids, a purple poodle named Trixie, and millions of kids online. The spinoff plans were announced but were later canceled for unknown reasons. +"Fetchtok". +On July 21, 2022, WGBH and Jim Conroy released "FetchTok", a TikTok-based challenge where Ruff (voiced again by Conroy) asks all the viewers to record themselves performing his challenges and posting them on the app. +Production. +Production of Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman began in 2004. It started under the name of "Hot Seat" with the tile character named "Hot Seat". +The name would later be changed to "Hot Spot" in 2005, until the name would later be changed to Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman. +It was announced that Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman DVDs would be released in the near future, however those plans were canceled. + += = = African wild dog = = = +The African wild dog or painted dog ("Lycaon pictus") is a carnivorous mammal of the Canidae family. In past centuries it had a wide distribution in Africa. +The African wild dog is very social, living in packs. They hunt antelopes, which they catch by chasing them to exhaustion. Like other canids, the African wild dog regurgitates food for its young, and other adults. Their natural enemies are lions and hyenas: the lions kill the canids where possible; hyenas frequently steal their kills. + += = = Luna Sea = = = +Luna Sea is a Japanese rock band, formed in Kanagawa in 1989. They were a very successful band during the 1990s. They stopped playing in 2000 but got together again in 2007, and again in 2008. They had a reunion world tour in 2010. + += = = Roger Bresnahan = = = +Roger Philip Bresnahan (June 11, 1879 – December 4, 1944), nicknamed "The Duke of Tralee" for his Irish roots, was an American Major League Baseball player who played catcher and a player-manager. + += = = Over My Head (Cable Car) = = = +Over My Head (Cable car) is the debut single by rock band The Fray off the hit album How to Save a Life (album). The single was released September of 2005. +Music Video. +The video ranked close to number one various times since the release of the single. The music video was actually shot in a High School in Denver, Colorado. +Chart Rankings. +In the Brazilian Hot 100, "Cable Car" was ranked #5, "World Singles" ranked the song #24, "U.S. Adult Top 40" ranked it #2, and "U.S. Top 40 Mainstream" ranked it #5. + += = = Look After You = = = +"Look After You" is the 4th hit single by the rock band The Fray. The song was released in the United States in January of 2007 and in the United Kingdom in August of 2007. + += = = Isaac Slade = = = +Isaac Slade (born May 26, 1981) is an American singer-songwriter. He is a member of the rock band called The Fray. He has released several albums with the band "The Fray" including "How to Save a Life" and "Live at the Electric Factory". He records and performs more of a piano rock and acoustic. Singles include "How to Save a Life", "Look After You", and "Cable Car". + += = = All at Once = = = +All at Once is known to be the 5th single off the album "How to Save a Life" by the rock band The Fray. +Airplay. +The song is not originally famous for anything but being on airplay in the U.S. area. +Music Video. +The video was premiered on VH1's VSpot Top 20 Countdown. The video reached at #6 on VH1 and #20 on the "Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks". +Chronology. +Singles + += = = Partition editor = = = +Partition editor, partitioner, and partitioning utility are all names for computer programs used to view, create, change, and delete disk partitions on a computer storage device, most commonly a hard disk, but also a USB flash drive or other storage medium. +A "partition" is a section or segment of the space on a storage device. By partitioning a large device into several partitions it is possible to isolate various types of data from one another, and allow the coexistence of two or more operating systems simultaneously. +Partition editors can come in many different forms. Command line tools such as diskpart in Windows and fdisk or parted in Linux offer accurate control of partition editing. Graphical tools like Disk Management in Windows and GParted or KDE Partition Manager allow for use by less skilled users. + += = = GParted = = = +GParted is a computer program used for working on partitions. It can create, delete, move, copy, check and change the size of paretitions. It is also used with the file systems on the partitions. Thi program is useful for creating space for new operating systems. It works with Vista System & Data partitions. It can also be used to reorganizing disk usage, copy data on hard disks and mirroring one partition with another (disk imaging). + += = = Acoustic = = = +Acoustic may mean: +In science: +In music: +Warfare +Other: + += = = Skull Ring = = = +Skull Ring is a 2003 album by Iggy Pop. + += = = SLA = = = +SLA may mean: + += = = Jesus of Suburbia = = = +"Jesus of Suburbia was the fifth and final single to be released from Green Day's seventh studio album, "American Idiot". +Track listings. +Australian single: +10" vinyl:<br> +Side A +Side B + += = = National Bowl = = = +The National Bowl is a entertainment venue in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. It can hold up to 65,000 people. + += = = Kerrang! = = = +Kerrang! is a weekly rock magazine in the United Kingdom. It is made by Bauer Consumer Media. + += = = Bullet in a Bible = = = +Bullet in a Bible is a live CD, DVD and UMD release by Green Day. It was issued on November 15, 2005. + += = = People's Choice Awards = = = +The People's Choice Awards is an awards show recognizing the people and the work of popular culture. The show has been held every year since 1975 and is voted on by regular people. The People's Choice Awards air on CBS and are produced by Procter & Gamble and Mark Burnett. Global promotion is handled by Kroszover Entertainment. +The award show's creator, Bob Stivers, made the first show in 1975. The first awards recognized "The Sting" as 1974's Favorite Picture, Barbra Streisand as the year's Favorite Film Actress, and John Wayne as its Favorite Film Actor. Ratings for the show peaked in 1977, when the 3rd People's Choice Awards attracted 35.3 million viewers who saw Farrah Fawcett-Majors win for Favorite Female TV Star, "" win as the Favorite Picture, and Streisand and Wayne win again in the Film Actress and Actor categories. +Procter & Gamble, the show's first and only sponsor, bought the show from Stivers in 1982. +In 2008, the "People's Choice Awards" introduced a new category: Favorite Sci-Fi Show. The nominees were "Stargate Atlantis", "Battlestar Galactica", and "Doctor Who". The winner was "Stargate Atlantis." +Categories. +The award categories have changed over the years. For example, the 16th People's Choice Awards had categories including Favorite All-Around Movie ("Batman"), and both a Favorite Movie Actor (Tom Cruise) and a World Favorite Movie Actor (Dustin Hoffman). At the 23rd People's Choice Awards, Rob Reiner was named the People's Choice Awards Honoree. More recently, the 32nd People's Choice Awards (shown in January 2006) included categories such as Favorite On-Screen Match-Up (Vince Vaughn and Owen Wilson in "Wedding Crashers"), Favorite Leading Lady (Reese Witherspoon), Favorite Tour (U2), and an award named after a Procter & Gamble brand: Nice 'n Easy Fans Favorite Hair (Faith Hill). +Poll-based awards. +In the 20th century, the awards were based on results from Gallup polls. Each year, Gallup took a survey of different categories for favorite actor, actress, movie, artist, television show or group. There was no limit on who or what could be chosen. The public could choose whomever or whatever it liked. The results of the annual survey were announced in the form of the "People's Choice Awards". +Since polls have margins of error, many years' awards have had ties in at least one category, when Gallup declared that the voting was so close that a single winner could not be chosen. For example, in 2003, both "Spider-Man" and "" were recognized as Favorite Motion Picture. +Switch to online voting. +The winners of the 31st People's Choice Awards (shown January 9, 2005) were decided by online voting rather than Gallup polls. The nominees submitted for Internet voting were picked using an unpublished process involving editors at "Entertainment Weekly", the show's production team, and a group of pop culture fans. +The nominees for the 32nd People's Choice Awards were picked by web research company Knowledge Networks, which took what it described as a nationally representative sample of men and women ages 18 to 54, with and without Internet access, to come up with the nominees after being presented with a list of candidates determined by national ratings averages, box office grosses and album sales, and they had the option to write in their favorites. Knowledge Networks picks these people by calling them and gives a Web TV and Internet access to people without Internet access so they can see what other people think. +The nominees for the 2010 People's Choice Awards were determined by media research company Visible Measures, which specializes in measuring Internet Video audience behavior. They used a program called True Reach to find out people's reactions to online videos. +Kids' Choice Awards. +In 1988, Nickelodeon created the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards, a children's version of the People's Choice Awards. Though they have similar names, the two shows are owned by different companies. Also similar but unrelated is the Teen Choice Awards. + += = = The Pretender (Foo Fighters song) = = = +"The Pretender" is the first single from the Foo Fighters' 2007 album "Echoes, Silence, Patience & Grace". + += = = It's Been Awhile = = = +"It's Been Awhile" is a song by American alternative metal band Staind. The song was released in March 20, 2001. It was the first single on their third studio album "Break the Cycle". +On the "Billboard" charts, "It's Been Awhile" was able to peak at #5 on Hot 100, #1 on the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks, #1 on the Hot Modern Rock Tracks, #3 on the Top 40 Mainstream, #6 on the Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks, and at #4 on the Top 40 Tracks charts. + += = = Scar Tissue = = = +"Scar Tissue" is the first single from the American alternative rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers' seventh album "Californication". + += = = Hysteria = = = +Hysteria is when someone has a very strong emotion that is unmanageable. Often, this means a very strong sense of fear. When someone has hysteria, it is called "hysterics". Hysteria could be caused by traumatic events in a person's life. +Today, many psychiatrists and other doctors do not use the word "hysteria" for a patient. They use other words that have the same meaning. Some of the words they may use are "psychosomatic", "functional", "nonorganic", "psychogenic", or "medically unexplained". +One of the conditions of hysteria may be Histrionic personality disorder. + += = = Theme (music) = = = +In music, a theme is the beginning or main melody. It is usually familiar sounding and able to be recognized when it is heard. +From that beginning part of the music, variations can be played as the composition is developed or put together. + += = = Our Band Could Be Your Life = = = +Our Band Could Be Your Life: Scenes from the American Indie Underground, 1981-1991 is a book by Michael Azerrad (). The book tells about the history of 13 alternative rock bands, including Sonic Youth, Fugazi, Minor Threat and Hüsker Du. + += = = Spin (magazine) = = = +Spin was a music magazine that competed with the leading magazine "Rolling Stone". Bob Guccione, Jr. created the magazine in 1985 and sold it to Miller Publishing in 1997. In February 2006, Miller Publishing sold the magazine for less than US$5 million to a San Francisco-based company called the McEvoy Group LLC. That company formed Spin Media LLC as a holding company. The new owners replaced the editor-in-chief Sia Michel with Andy Pemberton, who was once an editor at "Blender". The first issue to be published once he took over was the July 2006 issue—sent to the printer in May 2006—which had Beyoncé on the cover. Pemberton left "Spin" in June 2006. The current editor-in-chief is Doug Brod, who was executive editor from May 2003, and became editor-in-chief in January 2007. The magazine stopped being made in 2012. + += = = Jane's Addiction = = = +Jane's Addiction is an alternative rock band from Los Angeles, California. The band started in 1985. The band first broke up in 1991, and created the Lollapalooza tour. The band spent some time touring in 1997, before reuniting in 2001. They then broke up again in 2004. In 2008 they got together again. The band's members are currently vocalist Perry Farrell, bassist Eric Avery, guitarist Dave Navarro and drummer Stephen Perkins. As well as alternative rock, the band have been described as art rock and hard rock. + += = = Performance = = = +A performance, in performing arts, generally comprises an event in which one group of people (the performer or performers) behave in a particular way for another group of people (the audience). +In dance a group of people will usually go on stage to perform for the audience. + += = = Blitzkrieg Bop = = = +"Blitzkrieg Pop" is the debut single by Ramones and is the leading track from their debut studio album "Ramones" which was released two months later. The song is about World War II. + += = = We're a Happy Family = = = +We're a Happy Family – A Tribute To Ramones is a tribute album by various artists as a tribute to the Ramones. + += = = Ronnie Blake = = = +Ronnie Blake (born May 23, 1972) is a trumpeter from Fullerton, California. He has played with many well known musicians including Aaliyah, Ben Harper, Dr Dre, and Big Bad Voodoo Daddy. Blake has also toured with Green Day. + += = = Jason White (musician) = = = +Jason White (born November 11, 1973 in Little Rock, Arkansas) is an American guitarist who has played in many punk rock bands. He plays for punk rock band Green Day. + += = = Jason Freese = = = +Jason Jeremy Freese (born January 12, 1975 in Orange County, California) is an American singer, musician and record producer. He plays piano/keyboard, guitar, tenor saxophone, accordion, trombone, and sings backing vocals for Green Day when the band tours. + += = = Gabrial McNair = = = +Gabrial "Gabe" McNair (born September 8, 1973) is an American musician and composer. He is a multi-instrumentalist. This means he plays many different instruments. + += = = Petra Haden = = = +Petra Haden (born October 11, 1971, in New York City) is an American violinist and singer. + += = = Stephen Bradley = = = +Stephen Reid Bradley (born August 23, 1972 in Richmond, California) is an American musician, songwriter, record producer, photographer, and videographer. He is best known as the trumpet and keyboardist in the band No Doubt. He has toured with acts like Greenday, Smashing Pumpkins, and Steel Pulse. +Early life. +Bradley was born in Oakland,CA.Growing up in Richmond,CA,Bradley was first exposed to music by his mother Janice,and his Uncle Jerley.She played piano in the house, and encouraged Stephen to practice the Trumpet,when he took it up at age 13.Bradley continued to become more serious about music at El Cerrito High School,playing in the Jazz Ensemble,and the Symphonic Band. +Career. +Early beginnings,club days. +During high school,Bradley performed with fellow high school friends in a band called Private Culture.Modeled after The Police,they played local Bay Area clubs in the late 80's early 90's.On one of these shows, they opened for No Doubt in Berkeley, California.Thats was the first time Bradley was introduced to the band. +Bradley would go on to play with another Bay Area band called Dizzybam,which was a funk/rock/rap band from Oakland,CA.Bradley would be re-introduced to No Doubt by Dizzybam bassist and co-founder Kerry James.James and Tony Kanal(No Doubt)were friends, and Kanal reached out to James about finding a trumpet player to fill in for a Bay Area show at The Great American Music Hall(San Francisco).Bradley preformed the show, and was later asked to go on the road with No Doubt to play a leg of the inaugural 'Warped Tour. +Bradley would go on to tour and record with No Doubt until the band discontinued in 2015. +Branching out. +During the time with No Doubt,Bradley also pursued songwriting, and producing.Teaming up with long time friend and multi-instrumentalist David tweedie,the two created the self-titled album Chocolate O'Brian.That experience led to Bradley branching out as a producer, and songwriter. +Solo work. +After living exclusively in the bay area,Bradley relocated to Los Angeles to seek more opportunities in the music business. +In 2015,Bradley released his first solo single/video as a artist,with the release of 'Over and Out'. +He later released an EP called "Runaways',in which he teamed up with fellow songwriter and producer Javan Slagle.Runaways was received well by music critics, and Bradley coincided this with a solo residency at the Skybar in West Hollywood. +In 2018,Bradley teamed up with Steel Pulse guitarist David Elecciri Jr. to record the reggae/pop album 'United We Stand',under the band name 'Valley of the Kings'. +Touring. +In addition to touring with No Doubt,Bradley has toured with Greenday on their Nimrod tour in the early 2000's.He also toured with Smashing Pumpkins for their 20th anniversary tour. +Bradley toured with Gwen Stefani on her 'Sweet Escape world tour',and is still performing with her currently. +He is also a current touring member of Steel Pulse. +Photography/Videography. +Bradley had also branched out into making music videos, and photography. + += = = Debian Package Maker = = = +Debian Package Maker is a program to compile programs from source code to create .deb packages. +Modes. +Target Mode. +The user can manually specify the installation directory and the files to be installed in the target installation directory. +Source Mode. +Debian Package Maker will configure the source for the user, compile them and then build a package using the target rules. +configure/autogen.sh scripts and Makefile/rules is required for DPM to automate the whole process for the user. + += = = Deb Creator = = = +Deb Creator is a program to compile programs from source code to create .deb packages. + += = = Tarō Asō = = = + is a Japanese politician. He is a member of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party. He was the 92nd Prime Minister of Japan. He is from Iizuka, Fukuoka. +Early life and education. +Asō, a Roman Catholic, was born in Iizuka in Fukuoka Prefecture on 20 September 1940. +Asō graduated from the Faculty of Politics and Economics at Gakushuin University, and the London School of Economics. + += = = Group velocity = = = +Group velocity is often considered to be the wave velocity at which information travels. Often, this can be seen as the speed at which the envelope of the wave travels. + += = = Polarization = = = +Polarization (also polarisation) is a property of transverse waves. Some waves have motion in another direction as well as the direction of the wave. In water, for instance, the wave will move across the water, but the wave will also move water up and down on the surface. Light waves are similarly transverse waves though they are also particles. Sound waves do not have polarization, since they are longitudinal waves. Polarized sunglasses take advantage of these oscillations. +Light. +Light reflected by shiny transparent materials is partly or fully polarized, except when the light is perpendicular to the surface. Polarization was first discovered in 1808 by the mathematician . A polarizing filter, such as a pair of polarizing sunglasses, can be used to observe this effect by rotating the filter while looking through it at the reflection off of a distant horizontal surface. At certain rotation angles, the reflected light will be reduced or eliminated. Polarizing filters remove light polarized at 90° to the filter's polarization axis. If two polarizers are placed atop one another at 90° angles to one another, very little light can pass through both. +Polarization by scattering is observed as light passes through the atmosphere. The scattered light produces the brightness and color in clear skies. This partial polarization of scattered light can be used to darken the sky in photographs, increasing the contrast. This effect is easiest to observe at sunset, on the horizon at a 90° angle from the setting sun. Another easily observed effect is the drastic reduction in brightness of images of the sky and clouds reflected from horizontal surfaces. This is why polarizing filters are often used in sunglasses. Polarizing sunglasses also show rainbow-like patterns caused by color-dependent birefringent effects, for example in toughened glass (e.g., car windows) or items made from transparent plastics. The role played by polarization in the operation of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) is also frequently apparent to the wearer of polarizing sunglasses, which may reduce the contrast or even make the display unreadable. +Polarization filter. +Polarization of light is useful, after it has been filtered. A filter will separate light with one type of polarization from other types. Most daylight, or light from a light bulb, has a mix of polarizations (lasers are an exception). The filter works much like trying to put a playing card through a comb - only if the card is turned the right direction will it fit. Light that is turned a different way will be blocked by the filter. Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) use this to block light to make letters or numbers on a display. Glasses that have different polarization filters for each eye can separate light meant for the left eye and for the right eye. This is a common way to make 3D movies and 3D television. +In nature sometimes light that bounces off of a surface has the same polarization - this is called 'glare' from a window or water. A polarization filter on a camera will remove this glare to help see through the window or water (or can increase the glare, depending on how it is turned). +The photograph on the right was taken through polarizing sunglasses and through the rear window of a car. Light from the sky is reflected by the windshield of the other car at an angle, making it mostly horizontally polarized. The rear window is made of tempered glass. Stress from heat treatment of the glass alters the polarization of light passing through it, like a wave plate. Without this effect, the sunglasses would block the horizontally polarized light reflected from the other car's window. The stress in the rear window, however, changes some of the horizontally polarized light into vertically polarized light that can pass through the glasses. As a result, the regular pattern of the heat treatment becomes visible. +Electromagnetic. +Other electromagnetic waves also have polarization, but it can happen in different ways. +General polarization: Some waves can be described by having the electric field perpendicular to the direction of the wave, and these are called TE (transverse electric) waves. Others have the magnetic field perpendicular to the direction of the wave, and these are called TM (transverse magnetic) waves. These are the most general types of wave polarization. They can also be called vertical or horizontal polarized waves. If both the electric field and magnetic field are perpendicular to the direction of the wave, the wave is called TEM (transverse electromagnetic). Linear, circular, and elliptical polarizations are specific cases of TEM polarization. +Linear, circular, and elliptical polarizations are three specific types of TEM polarization. They cannot be measured close to an antenna. Far away from an antenna the fields are TEM, so these can be used. They are easy to imagine if you look from at the wave straight on. + += = = Dance, Dance (Fall Out Boy song) = = = +"Dance, Dance" is the second single from Fall Out Boy's third studio album "From Under the Cork Tree". Released in 2006, the single reached #3 in the U.S., becoming their second Top 10 single. +Track Listing. +CD #1: +CD #2: +7" vinyl: +Music Video. +The video shows the band performing at a homecoming dance in a high school. The video premiered in October 2006. + += = = Boys Like Girls (album) = = = +Boys Like Girls is the debut hit album released in 2006 by rock band Boys Like Girls. The album was recorded in 2005-2006. The album has 4 singles. +Track listing. +The album was re-released on November 13, 2007 which contains an acoustic version of "Hero/Heroine" plus live performance videos and photo galleries as part of the enhanced portion of the disc. + += = = This Love (Maroon 5 song) = = = +"This Love" is the second single from rock band Maroon 5's first album "Songs About Jane". A music video for the song was created and is included on the CD version of the single. The single was released 2004. + += = = Now That's What I Call Music! = = = +Now That's What I Call Music (U.S. Series) is an original series of around 30 compilation albums released since 1998. The albums contain the hits or modern music of the latest time period. Most of the songs are singles from various artists. Most of the albums contain anywhere from 18 to 20 tracks. +"Now!" series in other countries. +More recently, there have been numerous different versions of the brand in other parts of the world, including: +Although there is some overlap in content between current releases in different markets, there are also differences such as the inclusion of local hits, and (for example) the single-CD format of the U.S. releases, in contrast with the traditional double-album UK format. + += = = Cedrus deodara = = = +Cedrus deodara (; Hindi, Sanskrit: devadāru; xue song) is a species of cedar trees. It is also known as: Deodar cedar, Himalayan cedar, or Himalayan deodar. +It is common in the western Himalayas, eastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, north-central India (states such as Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand. It is also local to Kashmir, southwesternmost Tibet and western Nepal. +It grows in places that are 1500–3200 m above sea level. It is a large evergreen coniferous tree reaching 40–50 m tall, exceptionally 60 m, with a trunk up to 3m thick. It has a cone-shaped crown with level branches and drooping branchlets. +Appearance. +The leaves are needle-like, mostly 2.5–5 cm long. It occasionally grows up to 7 cm long. It can be very thin (1 mm thick), borne singly on long shoots, and in dense clusters of 20-30 on short shoots. Its colours range from bright green to glaucous blue-green. +The female cones are barrel-shaped, 7–13 cm long and 5–9 cm broad, and break up when mature (in 12 months) to release the winged seeds. The male cones are 4–6 cm long, and shed their pollen in autumn. +The Himalayan deodar is the state tree of Indian state of Himachal Pradesh and National tree of Pakistan.. + += = = Personal space = = = +Personal space is a concept on psychology and sociology. The concept talks about two people (the "actors"). They have space around them. The closer they are to each other emotionally, the closer an actor will be able to stand to the other, without being intrusive. The concept was introduced by Edward T. Hall in 1966. +Discomfort results if one actor steps into the personal space of the other, without this being desired. The amount of space a being needs can be classified in two categories: +Hall's spacing models were based on Heini Hediger's 1955 psychological studies of zoo animals. + += = = Reginald Dyer = = = +Brigadier-General Reginald Edward Harry Dyer CB (October 9 1864 – July 23 1927) was a British Indian Army officer responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. +Early life. +Dyer was born in Murree, in British India, now in Pakistan. He spent his childhood in Shimla and received his early education at the Bishop Cotton School in Shimla. He was born just six years after the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The rebellion was a war that had been fought by some Indians to end British rule. It had been defeated by the British but had created segregation, suspicion and fear between the British and the Indians. Although he had been born after the rebellion had ended, the effects had affected Dyer's life. +Dyer went to Midleton College, County Cork between 1875 and 1881. In 1885 after his time at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst he joined the Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey) as a Lieutenant, and served in riot control duties in Belfast (1886) and the Third Burmese War (1886–87). He then joined the British Indian Army. First joining the Bengal Staff Corps as a Lieutenant in 1887 and being part of the 39th Bengal Infantry, and then joining the 29th Punjabis. +During his time with the 29th Punjabis he fought in the Black Mountain campaign of 1888, the relief (battle) of Chitral in 1895. And was promoted to Captain in 1896. In 1901 he became Deputy Assistant Adjutant General. and then fought in the Mahsud blockade between 1901 and 1902. +Dyer then joined the 25th Punjabis where he served in the Zakha Khel Expedition (1908). He was in charge of the 25th Punjabis in India and Hong Kong and was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel in 1910. +During World War I (1914–18), he was in charge of the Seistan Force. and made a Companion of the Bath (CB). He was promoted Colonel in 1915, and was made a temporary Brigadier-General in 1916. +In 1919, about a month after the Amritsar killings, in the Third Anglo-Afghan War, his Brigade relieved the garrison of Thal. He retired on 17 July 1920, having become a Colonel. +Background. +In 1919 the British population of Punjab feared a plot by the Indians to overthrow British rule. There was talk of mutiny and of death threats to Europeans. Sir Michael O'Dwyer, the Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab, decided to deport Indians from Punjab who were leading protests against the British. +One person who was targeted was Dr. Satyapal, who was in the Army Medical Services during World War I. He was in favour of non-violent civil disobedience and was stopped from speaking in public. Another person was Dr. Kitchlew, a Muslim barrister who wanted political change and was non-violent. The Deputy Commissioner, Miles Irving, did not know much about these two people. Both men were arrested because Irving suspected them of trying to rebel against the British. +Their arrest led to demonstrations by the people of Punjab. Crowds gathered in all public places demanding a release of the two men. Army troops panicked and opened fire on a bridge across a railway line, causing several deaths. This resulted in a mob which returned to the city centre. More army troops arrived to stop more demonstrations. +The mobs sought out Europeans in the city. On April 9 1919, Miss Marcella Sherwood, who worked at the Mission Day School for Girls was bicycling round the city to close her schools. She was attacked by the mob in a narrow street and was beaten and left wounded. She was rescued by local Indians who hid her from the mob and moved her to the fort. This attack on a lady angered Dyer, who was in command of troops in Jullundur. +Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. +Brigadier Dyer is infamous for the orders which he gave on April 13 1919 in Amritsar. It was under his command that 90 troops, made up of 25 Gurkhas, 25 Pathans and Baluch, all armed with .303 Lee-Enfield rifles and the Gurkhas who were with "khukris" opened fire on a gathering of unarmed civilians, including women and children gathered at the Jallianwalla Bagh in what came to be later known as the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. +The civilians had arrived at Jallianwala Bagh to join the yearly Baisakhi celebrations which are both a religious as well as a cultural festival of the Punjabis. The Bagh had an area of 6–7 acres and had walls all around. The walls had ever small entrances which only a few people could go through. +Dyer ordered the troops to fire directly at the crowd of people; they kept shooting until they ran out of bullets (1650 rounds). The shooting lasted for about 10 minutes. +During the ten minutes of shooting, Dyer kept checking how the troops were shooting. He ordered the soldiers to shoot where most of the people were. He did this not because the crowd was slow to leave, but because he wanted to "punish them" for being there. +Some of the soldiers at first fired in the air instead of at the people. When they did this General Dyer shouted: "Fire low. What have you been brought here for?." +Later Dyer's himself was to admit that the crowd was not given any warning to leave. He said he did not feel sorry for ordering his troops to fire. +Injured and dead. +The British army reported 379 dead say it over 1000 dead. According to a Home Political Deposit report, the number was over 1,000, with more than 1,200 wounded. Dr. Smith, a British civil surgeon at Amritsar, said there were over 1800 casualties. Because of the large numbers of people killed and injured, general Dyer became known as "The Butcher of Amritsar" in India. +Crawling Order. +Brigadier Dyer sent soldiers to the area where Miss Marcella Sherwood was beaten. He ordered that any Indians wishing to travel through the street (150 yards) had to crawl on all fours. This order also included the people who had rescued her. +Because of this order the street was closed, the houses had no back doors and the people could not go out without climbing down from their roofs. No doctor or supplier was allowed in, resulting in the sick being untended. The order was enforced by a flogging booth set up in the middle of the street. +Death. +After the Amritsar massacre, Dyer's health failed and in 1921 he suffered paralysis. He never recovered. He died at Long Ashton, near Bristol, on July 23 1927. +The Morning Post remembered him in articles titled, "The Man Who Saved India" and "He did his Duty". The Westminster Gazette wrote a contrary opinion, "No British action, during the whole course of our history in India, has struck a severer blow to Indian faith in British justice than the massacre at Amritsar, and the attitude of official Anglo-India to it." + += = = The London Gazette = = = +The London Gazette is one of the official records of the British government, and one of the most important in the UK. The "London Gazette" claims to be the oldest surviving English newspaper. It was first published on 7 November 1665. It is not a normal newspaper with typical news stories. The "London Gazette" is still published each weekday, except for Bank Holidays. The Gazette is being put online and records between the years 1752–1998 are online. +History. +The "London Gazette" was first published as the "Oxford Gazette" on 7 November 1665. Charles II and the Royal Court had moved to Oxford to escape the Great Plague of London, and courtiers were unwilling to touch, let alone read, London newspapers for fear of becoming ill. When the King returned to London after the end of the plague the "Gazette" moved too. The first issue of the "London Gazette" (labelled No. 24) was published on 5 February 1666. The "Gazette" was not a newspaper in the modern sense: it was sent in manuscript by post to subscribers. It was not printed for sale to the general public. +Traditions. +In time of war, dispatches from the various conflicts are published in the "London Gazette". People referred to are said to have been mentioned in despatches. When members of the armed forces are promoted, and these promotions are published here, the person is said to have been “gazetted”. +Being "gazetted" (or "in the gazette") sometimes also meant becoming bankrupt. Notices of engagement and marriage also used to be published in the "Gazette". + += = = Fabales = = = +Fabales is an order of flowering plants. It is included in the rosid group of the eudicots in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II classification system. Under the Cronquist system and some other plant classification systems, the order Fabales contains only the family Fabaceae. The other families treated in the Fabales by the APG II classification were placed in separate orders by Cronquist, the Polygalaceae within its own order, the Polygalales, and the Quillajaceae and Surianaceae within the Rosales. + += = = Google Chrome = = = +Google Chrome is a freeware web browser made by Google. It builds on parts from other open source software, including WebKit and Mozilla Firefox. +The name comes from the graphical user interface frame, or "chrome", of web browsers. The open source project behind Google Chrome is known as "Chromium." +The first version was a beta for Microsoft Windows was released on September 2, 2008. macOS and Linux versions were released in December 2009. +Announcement. +The release announcement was going to be made on September 3, 2008, and a comic by Scott McCloud was to be sent to journalists and bloggers explaining the features of and reasons for the new browser. Copies that were for Europe were shipped early and German blogger Philipp Lenssen of Google Blogoscoped made a scanned copy of the 38-page comic available on his website after receiving it on September 1, 2008. Google then made the comic available on Google Books and their website and referenced it on its official blog along with an explanation for the early release. As of September 2, 2008, Google has a link to Google Chrome on their main page. +Design. +User interface. +The main user interface includes back, forward, refresh, bookmark, go and cancel options similar to Safari browser, while the settings location looks like Internet Explorer 7/8. The minimize, maximize and close window buttons are based on Windows Vista + += = = Polish Academy of Sciences = = = +The Polish Academy of Sciences (Polish: "Polska Akademia Nauk", in short: "PAN") with seat in Warsaw, is one of the two Polish institutions which have the nature of an academy of sciences. +History. +The Polish Academy of Sciences is an institution of studies of the Polish state, with seat in Warsaw. It had been established in 1952 by the partnership of previous societies of studies, including Polish Academy of Abilities ("Polska Akademia Umiejętności", in short "PAU"), with its seat in Cracow, and the Scientific Society of Warsaw ("Towarzystwo Naukowe Warszawskie") which had been established in the 18th century as Society of Warsaw of the Friends of Sciences ("Warszawskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk"). +In 1989, the Polish Academy of Abilities, in Cracow, assume again its independent existence, out of the Polish Academy of Sciences, in Warsaw. +Polish Academy of Sciences at Present. +The Polish Academy of Sciences funciona as docta society which acts through a chosen corporation of distinguished scholars and of institutions of research. The academy also acts through its committees, creating an important scientific consulting body. + += = = Chinese remainder theorem = = = +The chinese remainder theorem is a theorem from number theory. It is about congruence. The original form was: +The theorem says that there will be a solution to this question if there's no common factor between the row sizes. Using the original example, that is that no number divides both 3 and 7, both 3 and 5, nor both 5 and 7 (except, of course, 1). They're all coprime. +The Chinese remainder theorem is used in cryptography. For example, for the RSA algorithm. + += = = Shorinji kenpo = = = +Shorinji kenpo is the style of kenpo (a kind of martial art). It was created by Nakano Michiomi. +History. +A Japanese with the name Nakano Michiomi - he later changed his name to So Doshin - incorporates his martial art school into his Buddhist teachings. So Doshin said, that he taught martial arts mostly in order to attract young people to Buddhism. Religious societies didn't pay the taxes, and So Doshin probably considered it, too. Until 1972, So Doshin said that he was the 21st grand master of an esoteric northern Shaolin system called Iher Man Thuen. In 1972 he changed his mind because the Japanese court gave an official decision that his style was not Chinese, but a mixture of karate (perhaps Wado-ryu) and jujutsu (perhaps Hakko-ryu). Consequently, the style's name was changed from "Shorinji Kempo," meaning "kung fu of Shaolin Temple," to "Nippon Shorinji Kempo," meaning "Japanese Way of Fist of Shaolin." The students of Nippon Shorinji Kempo have signs of manji on their kimonos, but it is not treated as the symbol of fascism, it signifies happiness in Buddhism. + += = = Riff = = = +In music, a riff is an ostinato; a repeated set of notes, pattern, or melody, often played by rhythmic instruments. The riff is the base of the musical composition. They are most common in rock music, funk, and jazz. +Some of famous riffs in rock music can be found in the following songs: + += = = Stop error screen = = = +A Stop error screen, also called as a Blue screen of death (BSoD) or a bugcheck, is a screen that a device shows when it has an error it cannot fix and has to stop. These screens are usually called screens of death because the device cannot recover from the error and the operating system or firmware has to close. +The screens are usually color-coded such as a Microsoft Windows computer showing a Black Screen of Death (BSoD) or an Xbox showing a green screen of death when they have errors. +History. +If its settings tell it to, the computer will do a "core dump" and save data to a disk file, or "dump file", for later, to help an expert fix the problem. +These screens are usually caused by problems in device drivers. They can also be caused by hardware errors, such as bad RAM or power supplies, overheating of the inside of the system, or hardware which is run at higher rates than the limits. This is called overclocking. +These errors were in all the Windows operating systems since Windows 3.1. +Windows 1.0 and 2.0. +The first BSODs were seen when starting Windows 1.0 and Windows 2.0, and had random data, mess, shown with a blue screen, hence the name. +Windows 3.x, 95, 98, and ME. +The first BSOD that looked like an error was in Windows 3.1. BSODs like that appeared in Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows ME. These showed an error message with an all-blue screen. The error screen was shown when there was a startup error, or when there was some other error such as an error occurring in a hardware driver file. +When Bill Gates was showing Windows 98 to the public, a BSOD happened. The computer crashed when his assistant, Chris Capossela, connected a scanner to show that Windows 98 could support Plug and Play. Bill Gates responded: "That must be... er... that must be why we're not shipping Windows 98 yet!" +Windows NT family. +Beginning with Windows 2000, the BSOD remained an all-blue color, but changed to show more detailed technical information, and also listed a few steps that the user could do to fix the problem causing the BSOD to appear. The same screen was used in Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7. +Windows 8. +Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 uses a lighter blue color for the BSOD, and made the message easier to read. It even added an emoticon of a frowning face. The technical details was replaced with a simple line of text showing the name of the crash error so that the user could look it up on the Internet. Beginning with Windows 10's later builds, they made the blue background lighter and added a QR code. Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2016 and Windows Server 2019 remove the sad emoticon. +Windows 11. +Windows 11 has a black screen of death instead of blue for early builds. They later changed the color of the background from black to a different shade of blue, similar for Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7. + += = = Portland Bill = = = +Portland Bill is a peninsula off the south coast of England. It has strong tidal currents. The nearby town of Weymouth was a sailing venue for London 2012. +The Bill is a narrow promontory at the southern end of the Isle of Portland. It is the southernmost point of Dorset, England. One of Portland's most popular destinations is the Portland Bill Lighthouse. + += = = CERN = = = +CERN is a research institute near Geneva, Switzerland. The full name is Organisation Européene pour la Recherche Nucléaire (European Organization for Nuclear Research). The letters "CERN" are left over from the older "Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire" (European Council for Nuclear Research). CERN was founded in 1954. Today 22 nations are members of the organisation. It is the world's biggest laboratory for particle physics. About 2600 people work there full-time, and over 7800 scientists from about 500 universities and research institutes work there in total. +The Large Hadron Collider, the largest particle accelerator in the world, is at CERN. + += = = Onager = = = +The Onager ("Equus hemionus") is a large mammal belonging to the Equidae family. It is native to the deserts of Syria, Iran, Pakistan, Kashmir, Israel and Palestine, and western China. It is sometimes known as the Asian Wild Ass. + += = = Pantropical spotted dolphin = = = +The pantropical spotted dolphin ("Stenella attenuata") is an oceanic dolphin. It is found in all the world's temperate and tropical oceans. The species was beginning to come under threat due to the killing of millions of individuals in tuna purse seines (fishing). The 1980s saw the rise of "dolphin-friendly" tuna capture methods in order to save millions of the species in the eastern Pacific Ocean. + += = = Pilot whale = = = +Pilot whales are two species of oceanic dolphins, whose scientific name is Globicephala. The two types of pilot whales are the long-finned pilot whale and the short-finned pilot whale. Their behaviour resembles that of the larger whales more than that of dolphins. +The two look similar at sea and are usually just known simply as pilot whales or "calderón" in Spanish. They and other large dolphins are also known as blackfish. +Pilot whales can be found nearly worldwide. The long-finned variety prefers colder waters, for example near Antarctica. The short-finned ones can also be found in tropical waters. Pilot whales are highly social animals, they live in groups of 20-30 animals, called "pods". Larger groups of over 100 pilot whales have been observed. Studies suggest that the young remain in the same pod as their parents, which is unusual for mammals. Female short-finned pilot whales go through menopause. Females that no longer reproduce contribute to the survival of the young. +For reasons which are unknown, pilot whales seem to end up stranded on a beach fairly often. + += = = Pygmy killer whale = = = +The Pygmy Killer Whale ("Feresa attenuata") is a mammal of the oceanic dolphin family. It is small, and rarely seen. Its name is because it shares some features with the Killer Whale. They are not closely related. +Description. +The pygmy killer is an average-sized dolphin. It may easily be confused at sea with other species, in particular the melon-headed whale. The body is large and dark-colored. The head is rounded without a beak. The sides are lighter and the belly is often white. Several individuals have been seen with a white lining around the mouth and chin. The dorsal fin is tall. +The pygmy avoids human contact. These dolphins always move in groups. The groups are usually of 10 to 30, but sometimes much larger. +They have been seen attacking, killing and eating other cetacean species such as the Common Dolphin. + += = = Persian Jird = = = +The Persian jird ("Meriones persicus") is a species of rodent in the Muridae family. It is found in Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey, and Turkmenistan. +The Persian jird is about 6 inches long. It has a brush-tipped tail that is slightly longer than the body. They are wild brown with white bellies. +They live in dry rocky hillsides with little plant life and semi-desert areas. The eat dry plant material and grains, and sometimes small insects. +Persian jirds usually have two litters a year. Each litter has around seven pups. +Some people keep them as a pet. They can live to be six or seven years old. They need large cages that let them climb and leap. + += = = Didgeridoo = = = +The didgeridoo (sometimes didjeridu) is an Australian Aboriginal wind musical instrument. They were used by the Yolgnu people of Arnhem Land. They can be quite long, anywhere from long. Most are around long. The longer the instrument, the lower the pitch or key of the instrument. They are a hollow wooden tube, which can be either cylindrical or conical in shape. It is best described as being a wooden trumpet or drone. Musicologists say it is a brass aerophone. +It is difficult to know when didgeridoos were first used. Studies of rock art in Arnhem Land show that it has been in use for more than 1,500 years. A rock painting in Ginga Wardelirrhmeng, on the northern edge of the Arnhem Land plateau, dates from the freshwater period. It shows a didgeridoo player and two singers playing in a ceremony. +The word. +"Didgeridoo" is said to be a word invented in the West, not an Aboriginal word. It may come from the Irish words "dúdaire" or "dúidire". This means 'trumpeter; constant smoker, puffer; long-necked person, eavesdropper; hummer, crooner' and "dubh", meaning "black" (or "duth", meaning "native"). However, this theory is not widely accepted. +The earliest examples of the word in print was in a 1919 issue of Smith's Weekly where it was called an ""infernal didjerry" which "produced but one sound - (which sounded like) didjerry, didjerry, didjerry and so on"". It was also used the 1919 "Australian National Dictionary", "The Bulletin" in 1924 and the writings of Herbert Basedow in 1926. There are more than 45 names for this instrument among the Aboriginal people of northern Australia including "Yirdaki". "Yirdaki", also sometimes spelt "yidaki", is for the instrument made and used by the Yolngu people of north-east Arnhem Land. +Making a didgeridoo. +Aboriginal didgeridoos are made in the traditional communities in Northern Australia or by makers who travel to Central and Northern Australia to get the materials. They are usually made from hardwoods, usually eucalyptus species that are native to the area. Sometimes a native bamboo, such as "Bambusa arnhemica", or pandanus is used. The main trunk of the tree is used, though a big branch may be used instead. Aboriginal makers spend a lot of time looking for a tree that has been hollowed out by termites. If the hollow is too big or too small, it will make a poor quality instrument. +When a tree is found and cut down, the part of trunk or branch that will be made into a didgeridoo is cut out. The bark is taken off, the ends are trimmed, and there is some shaping of the outside. It may be painted or left natural. A rim of beeswax may be put on to the mouthpiece end. Traditional instruments made by Aboriginals in Arnhem Land are sometimes fitted with a 'sugarbag' mouthpiece. This is black beeswax from wild bees and has a its own special smell. +Didgeridoos can also be made from PVC pipes, non-native hard woods (which are split, hollowed and rejoined), fiberglass, metal, agave, clay, hemp (a bioplastic named zelfo), and even carbon fiber. These didgeridoos usually have an upper inside diameter of around 1.25" down to a bell end of anywhere between two to eight inches and have a length made to the needed key. The mouthpiece can be made of beeswax, hardwood or simply sanded and sized by the craftsman. In PVC, rubber stopper with a hole cut into it can be used. +Modern didgeridoo designs are different from the traditional Australian Aboriginal didgeridoo. They are recognized as being a separate instrument. Didgeridoo design changes started in the late 20th century using new materials and different shapes. +Playing the didgeridoo. +A didgeridoo is usually played sitting down because they are so long. It is played with continuously vibrating lips to make the drone while using a special way of breathing called circular breathing. This means a player breathes in through the nose at the same time as pushing air out of the mouth. A skilled player can refill the air in their lungs. With practice, the player can keep a note playing for as long as desired. There are recordings of modern didgeridoo players playing without stopping for more than 40 minutes; Mark Atkins on "Didgeridoo Concerto" (1994) plays for over 50 minutes continuously. +The rhythm of the circular breathing, gives the instrument its readily recognizable sound. Other changes in the didgeridoo's sound can be made by adding vocal sounds to the drone. Most of the sounds are related to the sounds of Australian animals, such as the dingo or the kookaburra. To make these sounds, the players simply have to use their voice to make the sounds of the animals whilst continuing to blow air through the instrument. The results range from very high-pitched sounds to very low sounds. Adding vocal sounds increases the complexity of the playing. +Anthony Baines wrote that the didgeridoo is like "...an aural kaleidoscope of timbres". He also said that the virtuoso skills used by the best performers were unlike those needed on any other instrument. +Use of the didgeridoo. +The didgeridoo was mainly played for ceremonial dancing and singing. It was also common for didgeridoos to be played for entertainment outside of ceremonial life. In northern Australia, the didgeridoo is still a very important as it plays for singers and dancers in surviving cultural ceremonies. Today, most didgeridoo playing is for entertainment in both Indigenous Australian communities and elsewhere around the world. +Pair sticks, sometimes called "clapsticks" or "bilma", set the beat for the songs during ceremonies. The rhythm of the didgeridoo and the beat of the clapsticks use patterns that have been handed down for many generations. Traditionally, only men play the didgeridoo and sing during ceremonies, but both men and women may dance. There were female didgeridoo players, but they did not play in ceremonies and it was not encouraged. Linda Barwick, an ethnomusicologist, says that traditionally women have not played the didgeridoo in ceremony, but in informal situations there is no prohibition in the Dreaming Law. On September 3, 2008, the publisher Harper Collins issued a public apology for its book "The Daring Book for Girls", scheduled to be published in October, which openly encouraged girls to play the instrument. +Didgeridoo in popular culture. +The didgeridoo is now often used as an instrument in the experimental and avant-garde music scene. Industrial music bands like Test Department- used sounds from this instrument in their performances, linking ecology to industry, influenced by ethnic music and culture. +It has also been an instrument used for the fusion of tribal rhythms with a black metal sound. A music project called Naakhum used the paganism of the Australian tribes and many others as an approach. +Souvenir didgeridoos. +Most didgeridoos made today are for souvenir purposes. It is common to find didgeridoos made of non-native timbers, decorated incorrectly by non-indigenous artists with colourful designs or copied dot patterns. These decorations do not use traditional dreamtime stories or designs. These didgeridoos also often vary widely in size and shape, many being thinner and straighter. As a result of the inadequate wood types, shapes and lengths, souvenir didgeridoos can rarely be used as musical instruments. +Decoration of souvenir didgeridoos is often seen by Aboriginal communities as offensive, inappropriate, inadequate, inaccurate and in many cases, misleading. The copying of traditional artwork is also used to sell these didgeridoos to unsuspecting tourists. +Health benefits. +A 2005 study in the British Medical Journal found that learning and playing the didgeridoo helped reduce snoring and sleep apnea. It does this by making muscles in the upper airway stronger, and this helps them stay open during sleep. This strengthening happens after the player has learned the circular breathing technique. + += = = Don LaFontaine = = = +Donald LaFontaine (August 26, 1940 – September 1, 2008) was an American voice actor. He had a deep voice. He recorded many movie trailers and television advertisements. He used the well known phrase "in a world...", which has been used in movie trailers many times. + += = = Bungie Studios = = = +Bungie Studios is an American video game developer. They are most famous for developing the award winning Halo series of video games. They also made Destiny. The studio was founded in May 1991 under the name Bungie Software Products Corporation by two students of the University of Chicago, Alex Seropian (Eng.) rus. and Jason Jones (Eng.) rus.. Originally based in Chicago, the company focused mainly on developing games for Macintosh computers and in the first 9 years of its existence created two successful series of games - Marathon and Myth, while Bungie West - a division of Bungie on the West Coast of the United States - was developing Oni games for PC and consoles. +In 2000, Bungie was acquired by Microsoft, and the project, which was in development at that time, was reoriented to the upcoming Microsoft console — Xbox. The game was included in the console's starter game package, and subsequently became the so-called "killer application" of the Xbox platform, selling millions of copies and bringing billions of dollars in profits. Bungie has been releasing Halo series games for several years, but on October 5, 2007, it announced its independence from Microsoft, becoming a private company of Bungie (LLC); at the same time, the rights to Halo remained with Microsoft. In return, Bungie signed a contract with another game publishing company, Activision, in 2010, developing and releasing the multiplayer games Destiny (2014) and Destiny 2 (2017). In 2019, Bungie announced the end of the contract with Activision, expressing its intention to release further Destiny series games independently. + += = = Flamethrower = = = +A flamethrower is a device used to shoot fire. They have been used by the military since the days of Greek fire. Most modern military flamethrowers project flaming liquids. +Flamethrowers became rare in the 19th century, due to improvements in other weapons. Trench warfare made them more useful again, and the German army began using them in 1915. Flamethrowers were used during World War 2 as a bunker clearing device. Many Axis troops used pillboxes and other small fortifications in Northern France, Germany, and on Pacific Ocean islands. Small fire squads used these weapons to draw them out. Although flamethrowers project flames, burning was not the most common form of death associated with these weapons. Rather, smoke released as a byproduct of combustion presented soldiers with the grim ultimatum between death by smoke inhalation or leaving the trench and facing enemy gunfire. +Due to advancements in ballistic technologies and modern warfare tactics, flamethrowers are much less common in modern theatres. Presently, these weapons have been converted for civilian use for clearing old crops, domestic defense and even landscaping. In 2018, the Boring Company headed by Elon Musk developed a civilian flamethrower in a limited production of 20,000 units. With the prominence of Musk in contemporary culture, these flamethrowers were sold quickly yielding 10 million dollars for the Boring Company in gross revenue. + += = = Holster = = = +A holster is a type of clothing. It is like an extra pocket worn to hold something where it can quickly be taken out for use. Holsters have long been used to hold a firearm, especially a pistol. At the end of the 20th century many people started carrying a mobile phone in a holster. + += = = Confetti = = = +Confetti are small pieces of paper or other material that is thrown into the air at a celebration such as party or a wedding. Confetti comes in a variety of colors and shapes. +In some places including Europe, the use of confetti is banned due to health problems of people, animals or the earth, or due to the work needed to clean up the confetti afterward. Foil and plastic confetti are not biodegradable. Some cans are illegal due to banned items in them. +The first known use of confetti was in 1815, as the Italian word "confetto" meaning "sweetmeat". + += = = Poales = = = +Poales is a taxonomic order of flowering plants in the monocotyledons. The order includes families of plants such as the grasses, bromeliads, and sedges. +Most Poales are wind-pollinated, and so lack the colour and scents of most flowering plants. The bromeliads, however, produce large fruits which are eaten by animals and so act as seed-spreaders. +The earliest fossils of Poales date to the late Cretaceous period, about 66 million years ago. Some suggest the origin of the group may be 115 million years ago in South America. The earliest known fossils include pollen and fruits. +The flowers are typically small, enclosed by bracts, and arranged in inflorescences (except in the genus "Mayaca", with solitary terminal flowers). The flowers of most species are wind pollinated. The seeds usually contain starch. +Among monocots, the Poales come second to the orchids in number of species. But in economic terms, they are far more important. In fact, the true grasses (Poaceae) produce by far the most important grains eaten by humans and other animals. +One recent classification lists these families: +Diversity and uses. +The Poales are the most economically important order of monocots and possibly the most important order of plants in general. Within the order, by far the most important family economically is the family of grasses (Poaceae, syn. Gramineae), which includes barley, maize, millet, rice, and wheat. It is also the largest family in the order, far outnumbering the other families: + += = = Poaceae = = = +The Poaceae or Gramineae are the "true" grasses. They are a large family of monocot flowering plants. There are about 12,000 species and 780 genera. They are one of most ecologically and economically important of all plant families. Rushes and sedges fall outside this family, but they are related. +Grasslands are about 20% of the vegetation cover of the Earth. Poaceae also live in many other habitats, including wetlands, forests, and tundra. Bamboos are part of this huge family of plants. +Domesticated poaceous cereal crops (maize (corn), wheat, millets, and rice) are eaten around the world. The Poaceae are the most economically important plant family in modern times. They are used for forage, building materials (bamboo, thatch) and fuel (ethanol), as well as food. +Grasses include some of the most useful plant life-forms. They became widespread towards the end of the Cretaceous period. Fossilized dinosaur dung (coprolites) have been found with phytoliths of grasses which are related to rice and bamboo. Grasses have adapted to conditions in lush rain forests, dry deserts, cold mountains and even intertidal habitats. They are at present the most widespread plant type. Grass is a valuable source of food and energy for wildlife as well as humans. + += = = Ric Flair = = = +Richard Morgan Fliehr (born February 25, 1949 in Memphis, Tennessee) is a retired American professional wrestler. He is better known by his ring name, Ric Flair. Flair has worked for the World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment (WWF/WWE), World Championship Wrestling (WCW), the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), Jim Crockett Promotions, Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), and many others. Currently he works for All Elite Wrestling (AEW). He was the leader of the Four Horsemen in WCW and a member of Evolution in WWE. He wrestled for 50 years. His last WWE match was against Shawn Michaels at WrestleMania XXIV in 2008. He is a two time WWE Hall of Famer and a 16-time world champion according to WWE. +It was reported that Flair wrestled his last match at age 73. On July 31, 2022, at Starrcast V from the Nashville Municipal Auditorium, Flair teamed with his son-in-law Andrade El Idolo. They defeated the team of Jay Lethal and Jeff Jarrett. The match include cameos by many well known wrestlers. They included Jerry “The King” Lawler, Cody Rhodes, The Undertaker, Mick Foley, Michelle McCool, Sting and Diamond Dallas Page. +Flair's nickname is "The Nature Boy". His finisher was a Figure 4 Leg Lock. His sons David (born 1979) and Reid (1988-2013) were professional wrestlers, while his daughter Ashley (born 1986), better known by her ring name Charlotte Flair, still wrestles in WWE. + += = = Michelle McCool = = = +Michelle Leigh Calaway (née McCool; born January 25, 1980) is an American former professional wrestler. She is best known for working with WWE. She is a former two-time WWE Divas Champion and a two-time WWE Women's Champion. +McCool originally worked as a middle school teacher in Palatka, Florida. She joined WWE in 2004 after being a part of the WWE Diva Search. In her first on-screen appearances, she used the gimmick of a personal trainer. She later changed it to that of a teacher. At The Great American Bash in 2008, McCool became the first WWE Divas Champion. She was champion for about five months. She won the WWE Women's Championship at The Bash in 2009. She was the first wrestler to have held both titles. At Night of Champions in 2010, she combined both titles and became the first and only WWE Unified Divas Champion. McCool held both titles twice. This makes her a four-time champion overall. In November 2010, she was ranked number one in "Pro Wrestling Illustrated"'s Female 50, She retired the next year. +Career. +McCool was in the 2005 Diva Search but she lost to Christy Hemme. She still got a contract with the company. +McCool defeated Natalya Neidhart at The Great American Bash to become the first ever Diva's Champion. She lost the title to Maryse on Smackdown with María as a referee, after the match, McCool attacked María, turning heel, later, she apologized, but attacked Eve, turning definitely heel. +Personal life. +McCool was married to Jeremy Louis Alexander. They began dating in high school. The couple divorced in 2006. She married wrestler Mark Calaway (The Undertaker) on June 26, 2010, in Houston, Texas. In August 2012, she gave birth to their first child, their daughter Kaia. +McCool is a devout Christian. She used Christian crosses on her wrestling attire. +In 2016 she was learned that she had skin cancer. The treatment she got was successful. In April 2019, she said that she hade problems with infertility and had had several miscarriages. + += = = International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry = = = +The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is an international organisation that represents chemists in individual countries. It governs everything to do with chemicals, elements and new discoveries. Every chemical known has a common name and a IUPAC name. This is also true for the Periodic Table of the Elements. Every element's name has been approved by IUPAC. This rule does not apply to those elements still given temporary names. The organisation was founded in 1919. + += = = Medes = = = +The Medes were an ancient Iranian people and one of the ancestors of modern Kurdish people who lived in the northwestern portions of present-day Iran. This area was known in Greek as Media or Medea They entered this region with the first wave of Iranian tribes, in the late second millennium BC (at the end of the Bronze Age). +By the 6th century BC, the Medes were able to make their own empire. It stretched from southern shore of the Black Sea and Aran province (in modern Azerbaijan) to north and central Asia, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. +The Medes are credited with the foundation of the first Iranian empire, the largest of its day until Cyrus the Great established a unified Iranian empire of the Medes and Persians, often referred to as the Achaemenid Empire. +Controversy. +Modern scholars question whether a Median empire even existed. It is argued that even if it existed, it must have been just a "political alliance" among highland neighbors of the Assyrians. The alliance might include Armenia in southeastern Anatolia, Sagartians in modern northern Iraq, and the actual Medians in the area between what is today Hamadan-Kirmanshah in cental Zagros. Neither cuneiform sources, archaeological evidence, or biblical accounts, support Herodotus, who claimed there really was a Median empire. +Median language. +Strabo mentions the affinity of Mede with other Iranian languages in his "Geography": +Herodotus, mentions the word "Spaka" ("Dog", still present in current Iranian languages such as tat and talysh, and different from Persian) + += = = Mombasa = = = +Mombasa is the second largest city in Kenya; about 1.3 million people live there. It is a major port city, and has an international airport. +Mombasa has a tropical savanna climate ("As" in the Köppen climate classification). Mombasa is a tourism-based city. +Geography. +Mombasa is a coastal town with flat topography. The town of Mombasa is centred on Mombasa Island, but extends to the mainland. The island is separated from the mainland by two creeks. +Demography. +Mombasa city has a population of 1,208,333 in 2019. +Mombasa has a cosmopolitan population, with the Swahili people and Mijikenda predominant. Other communities include the Akamba and Taita Bantus as well as a significant population of Luo and Luhya peoples from Western Kenya. The major religions practised in the city are Islam, Christianity and Hinduism. Over the centuries, many immigrants and traders have settled in Mombasa, particularly from the Middle East, Somalia, and India. +Economy. +Mombasa is a centre of coastal tourism in Kenya. Many people visit the Old Town and Fort Jesus. +Mombasa is a major trade centre and home of large seaport. The Kenyan Dock Worker's Union is in Mombasa and has 5,000 members. Other local industries include an oil refinery with a capacity of a day, and a cement factory capable of producing over 1.1 million tons per year. +Transport. +Moi International Airport serves the city of Mombasa. Flights to Nairobi and other Kenyan, European and Middle Eastern destinations depart from the airport each day. +Mombasa currently has a modern railway station that replaced the century-old station built by the British. Kenya Railways transports passengers and cargo between Nairobi to Mombasa. The journey takes approximately five hours between the two cities. +Mombasa's port is the largest in East Africa, with two oil terminals. +In popular culture. +In the film "Out of Africa", Mombasa is the train destination as the seaport for voyages to Europe via the Suez Canal. +"One-Way Ticket to Mombasa (Menolippu Mombasaan)" is a 2002 Finnish film directed by Hannu Tuomainen. +In the Indian movie "Mr. India", Mombasa is mentioned in the popular song "Hawa Hawaii". +Mombasa is featured in the 2010 movie, "Inception", where Cobb meets Eames and Yusuf before the job takes place. +Most of the events in the 2017 story "Consummation in Mombasa" (by Andrei Gusev) take place in Mombasa and in the nearest district Mtwapa. +In the US, the Walt Disney World resort recreated a Kenyan village in the Africa section of the Disney's Animal Kingdom theme park named "Harambe", which is modelled after Mombasa. The village features a store called the "Mombasa Marketplace". + += = = Headshot = = = +A headshot (or head shot) is a photograph of a person's face. It is a form of portraiture. The purpose of a headshot is to show the subject's personality, or character. Headshots are used in the modelling and acting businesses and is vital to the careers of many business and sales executives who use them on business cards, company web sites and social media sites like LinkedIn. Most actors have a headshot that they will provide to employers. +Headshots are a separate specialty career path branch for several photographers who make or have made careers in this kind of photography. Examples include Yousuf Karsh (1908-2002), Yucel Yalim (1958), Cindy Quinn (1960) and Peter Hurley. + += = = Gymnasium Alpenstrasse Biel = = = +Gymnasium Alpenstrasse Biel / Gymnase de la Rue des Alpes de Bienne is a high school in Biel in Switzerland. There are three local high schools and the Gymnasium Alpenstrasse / Gymnase de la Rue des Alpes is one of them. It is the only bilingual (Swiss-German and French) high school in the Canton of Berne. There are about 550 students and about 90 teachers at this school. This school specializes in three subjects: Economy, Spanish and Applied Mathematics. The students usually attend the Gymnasium for three years and take the final examination at the end of their studies. The diploma, which is called Maturité in French or Matura in German, is the entrance ticket for all universities and colleges in Switzerland. +There is also a Commercial Highschool in the same building which is part of the Gymnasium Alpenstrasse Biel / Gymnase de la Rue des Alpe de Bienne. It is more oriented for the business world +At the beginning, the Gymnasium Alpenstrasse was a Progymnasium. +A Progymnasuim is like the today’s secondary school. But the school was just attended by boys. +Today it’s a High School for boys and girls. This school is a Swiss Olympic Partner School. +This means, those athletes from various sports can go their training, also during school. +There are many different athletes. Some play hockey, volleyball, tennis or they swim or dance etc. It’s not just for sports it’s also for music. + += = = Mede, Lombardy = = = +Mede is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy. It is located about 50 km southwest of Milan and about 35 km southwest of Pavia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 6,993 and an area of 33.2 km2. +Mede borders the following municipalities: Frascarolo, Gambarana, Lomello, Pieve del Cairo, Sartirana Lomellina, Semiana, Torre Beretti e Castellaro, Villa Biscossi. +Population. +Here is how the population of the town has changed over the last 140 years. + += = = Ploidy = = = +Ploidy is a term from genetics and cell biology. It is used to indicate the number of chromosome sets in a cell. Most eukaryotes have either one set (called haploid) or two sets (called diploid). Some other organisms are polyploid, they have more than two sets of chromosomes. Some amphibians are triploid, with three sets. The endosperm cells in the seeds of many plants are also triploid. Some kinds of trout or salmon have four sets ("tetraploid"). Other examples: +Sex cells (gametes) are almost always haploid. If the reproductive stage (adult) is polyploid, then the gametes will have half the ploidy number of chromosomes. +There are some variations of ploidy which are not discussed here. Some plant species with certain types of polyploidy do not use sexual reproduction, but survive with asexual methods. +Polyploidy. +Polyploidy occurs in cells and organisms when there are more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. +Most organisms are normally diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes — one set inherited from each parent. Polyploidy may occur due to abnormal cell division. It is most commonly found in plants, but it does sometimes happen in animals. Some estimates suggest that 30-80% of living plant species are polyploid, and many lineages show evidence of ancient polyploidy (paleopolyploidy) in their genomes. Huge increases in angiosperm (flowering plants) diversity have coincided with the timing of ancient genome duplications shared by many species. 15% of angiosperm and 31% of fern speciation events are accompanied by ploidy increase. +Polyploid plants arise spontaneously in nature. Many polyploids are fitter than their parental species, and may display novel variation or morphologies that contribute to speciation and eco-niche exploitation. +Polyploidy may occur in one generation, and is an exception to the principle that evolution occurs gradually. There may, however, be many genetic changes in the species after polyploidy has taken place. +Gametes. +The gametes of polyploids are unusual, because they may carry several sets of chromosomes. For example, common wheat is a polyploid with six sets of chromosomes, two sets coming originally from each of three different species. So there are six sets of chromosomes in most cells, and three sets of chromosomes in the gametes. + += = = Rhesus macaque = = = +The rhesus macaque ("Macaca mulatta"), often called the Rhesus monkey and Indian monkey, is one of the best known species of Old World monkeys. +It lives in a wide area, and has an unknown but quite large population. It lives in a broad range of habitats. Native to South, Central and Southeast Asia, troops of "Macaca mulatta" inhabit a great variety of habitats from grasslands to arid and forested areas, but also close to human settlements. +Rhesus macaques are native to northern India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, Burma, Thailand, Afghanistan, Vietnam, southern China, and some neighboring areas. They have the widest geographic ranges of any nonhuman primate. He is also known as national mammal of Pakistan. +They are regular swimmers. Babies as young as a few days old can swim, and adults are known to swim over a half mile between islands. Rhesus macaques are noted for their tendency to move from rural to urban areas, where they rely on handouts or refuse from humans. + += = = Risso's dolphin = = = +The Risso's dolphin ("Grampus griseus") is the only species of dolphin in the genus "Grampus". + += = = Foreplay = = = +Foreplay is the name for a number of things people do before they have sex. These things do not need to be directly related to having sex. Rather, they are done to sexually arouse people, to make them want each other more, Examples of things that can be used in foreplay differ among people, Most people prefer simple things that make them feel nice such as a person talking softly, a compliment, a Hug, or by being Tickled by a person they like, or even sharing similar hobbies, such as white water rafting, rocky mountain climbing or even how flexible you both are at Yoga, +Not all of these acts are physical, some can also be psychological. Common things done in foreplay include kissing, touching each other, hugging, and stimulating the others erogenous zones. +Foreplay has a well-defined function - it lowers inhibitions and makes people feel better at ease. +Foreplay has been mentioned in historic works. The Ancient Indian work "Kama Sutra" mentions different types of embracing, kissing, and marking with nails and teeth. It also mentions BDSM activities such as slapping and moaning as "play." +Based on age, religious and political background, what people do as foreplay can be quite different. Many people think that women demand more foreplay and require more time to become aroused. Recent scientific research has show that this is false, though. Scientists from McGill University Health Centre in Montreal, Canada used the method of thermal imaging to record baseline temperature change in the genital area as the definition of the time necessary for sexual arousal. Researchers studied the time required for an individual to reach the peak of sexual arousal and concluded that, on average, women and men spend almost the same time for sexual arousal — around 10 minutes. + += = = Army (1996 movie) = = = +Army is a 1996 Hindi movie. It was directed by Raam Shetty. The movie stars Shahrukh Khan and Sridevi in the lead role. +Plot. +Arjun and Geeta are a young couple, who are deeply in love with each other. They get married, and soon have a child. Arjun gets in trouble with a well known gangster named Nagraj, and is killed. When Geeta finds out she decides to avenge Arjun's death. When Nagraj finds out that Geeta is out for vengeance, he does not believe that a lone defenseless widow can do him any harm. But Nagraj is in for a surprise when he comes face to face with Geeta and a group of young men who are dedicated to bring him down - even if they die trying. +Soundtrack. +The music for the soundtrack was written by Anand-Milind. Sameer wrote all the lyrics for the songs. + += = = BBC Radio 5 Live = = = +BBC Radio 5 Live (formerly BBC Radio Five Live) is the BBC's radio station that gives live BBC News, phone-ins, and sports news. It is the main radio station for sport in the United Kingdom, covering nearly all big sports events in the UK or with British competitors in, including the Olympics and the football World Cup +It is transmitted via analogue radio on 693 and 909 kHz AM in the medium wave band. These frequencies belonged to BBC Radio 2 from November 23, 1978 to August 26, 1990. Before that they were used in some regions of the UK by the BBC Home Service and BBC Radio 4. The radio is also available on digital radio in the United Kingdom via DAB, digital satellite, IPTV, Freeview, and is also streamed online. However, because of rights restrictions, coverage of some events (especially live sporting events) is not available online. Also, some of the content available online is only for UK users. +Other websites. +Note that Radio 5 Live operates International and UK feeds. International feeds aren't allowed to cover certain sports events because of local radio rights to those events. + += = = Cattenom power plant = = = +Cattenom Power Plant is a nuclear power plant. It is near Metz, Grand Est, France. It has four pressurized water reactors. Each has a capacity of 1300 megawatts. In 2006, it produced the third most electrictity of all power plants in France, behind that of Gravelines Nuclear Power Plant (near Calais) and Plaluel (near Dieppe). + += = = Rough-toothed dolphin = = = +The Rough-toothed dolphin ("Steno bredanensis") is a fairly large oceanic dolphin. It can be found in deep warm and tropical waters around the world. + += = = Spinner dolphin = = = +The spinner dolphin ("Stenella longirostris") is a small oceanic dolphin. It is found in off-shore tropical waters around the world. It is famous for its acrobatic displays in which they will spin longitudinally along their axis as they leap through the air. + += = = Striped dolphin = = = +The striped dolphin ("Stenella coeruleoalba") is an oceanic dolphin. They live in temperate and tropical waters of all the world's oceans. + += = = And did those feet in ancient time = = = +"And did those feet in ancient time" is a short poem by William Blake. It comes in the introduction to a long poem called "Milton: a Poem" (1804). Today it is best known as the hymn Jerusalem, sung to music written by C. Hubert H. Parry in 1916, more than a century after Blake had written the poem. +The words of the poem. +<poem> +And did those feet in ancient time +Walk upon England's mountains green? +And was the holy Lamb of God +On England's pleasant pastures seen? +And did the Countenance Divine +Shine forth upon our clouded hills? +And was Jerusalem builded here +Among these dark satanic mills? +Bring me my bow of burning gold! +Bring me my arrows of desire! +Bring me my spear! O clouds, unfold! +Bring me my chariot of fire! +I will not cease from mental fight, +Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand, +Till we have built Jerusalem +In England's green and pleasant land. +</poem> +What the poem is about. +There is a legend that the young Jesus went to England with his uncle, Joseph of Arimathea, to England and visited Glastonbury. The poem connects this legend to an idea in the Book of Revelation ( 3:12 and 21:2) describing a Second Coming in which Jesus builds a new Jerusalem. Some Christians thought that a new Jerusalem would be like Heaven, somewhere of love and peace. The poem asks if Jesus visited England and if Heaven was created in England. Blake lived in the time of the early Industrial Revolution when there was a lot of poverty and misery. Many people think the “dark Satanic mills” were the factories where many people worked in horrible conditions. This contrasts with the country with its beauty and clean air: “England’s green and pleasant Land”. The second half of Blake's poem says people should try to establish "Jerusalem" once more. +Parry composes the music. +Blake’s poem was not very well known during the 19th century, but in 1916 a collection of poems was published which included “Jerusalem”. Britain was fighting a terrible war (the First World War), and so the people needed some strong, patriotic music to give them courage. Robert Bridges, the Poet Laureate asked Parry to put it to music at a Fight for Right campaign meeting in London's Queen's Hall. He wanted Parry to write a tune that the audience would be able to sing easily. At first Parry wanted verse one to be sung by a solo female voice, but the version sung nowadays is the arrangement for orchestra made in 1922 by Sir Edward Elgar. When King George V heard it for the first time he said that he preferred "Jerusalem" to "God Save the King", the National Anthem. +England (as distinct from Britain) does not have an official anthem and so the British National Anthem "God Save the Queen" is used for national occasions, for example before English international football matches or at the Last Night of the Proms. The song is also the unofficial anthem of the British Women's Institute. It is often sung as a hymn in churches, although people in some churches think it is not a hymn. It is also sung in many schools. + += = = Hubert Parry = = = +Sir Charles Hubert Hastings Parry, 1st Baronet (born Bournemouth, 27 February 1848; died Rustington, near Worthing, Sussex, 7 October 1918) was an English composer. His music influenced other English composers such as Elgar and Vaughan Williams. Parry wrote a great deal of music, but by far the best known piece he wrote is the song "Jerusalem". Another piece which is often sung is the anthem "I was glad" written for the coronation of Edward VII. +His early life. +Parry was born into a rich family. He went to school in Eton and got his music degree while he was still there. He then went to Oxford to study. He learned from the English-born composer Henry Hugo Pierson in Stuttgart, and with William Sterndale Bennett and the pianist Edward Dannreuther in London. He started to compose a lot of chamber music which was first performed at Dannreuther’s house. He became famous in 1880 when Dannreuther played his piano concerto and his choral work "Prometheus Unbound" was performed at the Gloucester Festival. Other choirs started to ask him to write music for them. One of his best choral pieces was the ode "Blest Pair of Sirens" (1887). Other choral works include "Ode on Saint Cecilia's Day" (1889), the oratorios "Judith" (1888) and "Job" (1892). “Judith” includes a tune which became a well-loved hymn tune called “Repton” sung in churches to the words “Dear Lord and Father of Mankind”. +His orchestral works from this period include four symphonies, a set of Symphonic Variations in E minor, the "Overture to an Unwritten Tragedy" (1893) and the "Elegy for Brahms" (1897). He also wrote for the Greek play 'The Birds' by Aristophanes. +Mid career. +As Parry became more famous he got many invitations to important jobs. He started teaching at the Royal College of Music in 1884 and became its director in 1894, a post he held until his death. In 1900 he succeeded John Stainer as professor of music at Oxford University. In 1908 his doctor advised him to resign from his Oxford job. +Later years. +During the last decade of his life he wrote some of his best works, including the "Symphonic Fantasia '1912"' (also called "Symphony No. 5"), the "Ode on the Nativity" (1912), "Jerusalem" (1916) and the "Songs of Farewell" which includes the song “My Soul, there is a Country”. These were songs about the needless suffering in the war. He died of influenza in Rustington, Sussex. +His influence. +Parry had a lot of influence on English music in the 20th century. This was not just because of his music, but also through his teaching and his writings about music. The composers he liked best and who influenced his style were Bach and Brahms. His music is firmly tonal (always in clear major or minor keys), and Elgar and Vaughan Williams learned a lot from studying his music. +Parry was a man who always liked to help people, and so he took on a great deal of work, which did not do his health much good. When he had free time he enjoyed driving fast cars and sailing. +He was made a knight, and the first Baronet of Highnam in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom in 1902. +The house in Richmond Hill, Bournemouth where he was born is marked with a blue plaque. +References. +The New Grove Dictionary of Music & Musicians ed Stanley Sadie (1980) + += = = Gimli = = = +Gimli can mean: + += = = VistaPE = = = +VistaPE is a is a project (set of scripts) for WinBuilder to create a Live CD based on the kernel of Windows Vista. <br> +VistaPE uses technology and is similar to WinPE 2.0 (from Microsoft), but has a graphical interface, more support for devices and functions, and can run almost any Windows program. + += = = Eye of GNOME = = = +Eye of GNOME is the official image viewer for the GNOME desktop environment. Unlike some other image viewers, Eye of GNOME will only view images. It does, however, provide basic effects for improved viewing, such as zooming, fullscreen, rotation, and transparent image background control. +File formats. +Eye of GNOME supports the following file formats: + += = = Ekiga = = = +Ekiga (formerly called GnomeMeeting) is a free and open source VoIP and video conferencing computer application for GNOME and Windows. Ekiga supports both the SIP and H.323 (based on OpenH323) protocols and is fully interoperable with any other SIP compliant application and with Microsoft NetMeeting. It supports many high-quality audio and video codecs. +Ekiga was initially made by Damien Sandras in order to graduate from the Université catholique de Louvain. It is currently developed by a community-based team led by Sandras. The logo was designed based on his concept by Andreas Kwiatkowski, an open source enthusiast and a friend of his. +Features. +Incoming new features. +Roadmap + += = = One Laptop Per Child = = = +One Laptop Per Child is an organization founded at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It is a non-profit organisation. It wants to make cheap laptops so that children in less rich countries without as much technology can also use a computer to learn. The laptop is called an XO. It has an operating system called sugar based on GNU/Linux. It also can run Windows. + += = = Malvaceae = = = +Malvaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family includes about 1000 species in 75 genera. They are found in tropical and temperate regions. They are not found very often in places such as Antarctica because those places are too cold for Malvaceae plants. +Okra is one example it is called lady’s finger or gumbo + += = = Araceae = = = +Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a 'spathe' or leaf-like bract. +Also known as the Arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroid. This family of 107 genera and over 3700 species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and north temperate regions. +These plants often have rhizomes or tubers with calcium oxalate crystals or 'raphides' and commonly with milky sap. The leaves are alternate, simple or compound, petiolate, sometimes very large, and usually with a sheathing base. +Some genera of araceae include: + += = = Openair Frauenfeld = = = +Openair Frauenfeld is an annual Hip Hop music festival that takes place in Frauenfeld and is considered to be the largest Openair festival in Switzerland and the largest Hip Hop music festival in Europe. It was created in 1985 and has now taken place for 14 times. The event was originally hosted under the name "Out in the Green Festival" until it was changed to "Openair Frauenfeld" in 2007. Since then it has hosted numerous high profile celebrities and has attracted an annual turnout of around 150'000 people. +Some of the top headliners performing at Openair Frauenfeld over the past years have included Jay-Z, Eminem, Kanye West, Macklemore, Snoop Dogg, 50 Cent, Kendrick Lamar, , Wiz Khalifa, , and many more. +2015 performers. +Kendrick Lamar, Nicki Minaj, A$ap Rocky, Tinie Tempah, Ludacris, Jason Derulo, Cypress Hill, Pusha T, Rae Stremmurd, August Alsina, G-Eazy, Logic, Travi$ Scott, Flattbush Zombies, D12 +2014 performers. +Outkast, Macklemore & Ryan Lewis, Pharrell Williams, NAS, T.I, WIZ KHALIFA, M.I.A, Cro, Kid INk, Schoolboy Q, IAM, YG, Iggy Azalea, A$ap Ferg, Chance the Rapper, Joey Bada$$ +Location. +The festival takes place in a meadow called "Grosse Allmend" in Frauenfeld. Frauenfeld is the capital city of the canton of Thurgau. +The journey. +Most people travel to the festival by train. Displaying a festival ticket to the Swiss railway company will entitle you a reduction in ticketprice. There is also limited parking near the festival reserved for festival attendees which is usually quickly filled but nonetheless there for people who prefer to attend by car. +Tickets. +The tickets are sold on the official website of the Openair Frauenfeld or across different swiss ticket selling platformts. +As early as December of the previous year one can get purchase ‘early bird’ and ‘springbreak’ tickets. These tickets enable you to go access the camping area one day earlier. There are only a limited number of said tickets. Standard tickets are purchasable later in the year. Children under the age of sixteen require parental permission in order to attend the festival which is validated with a signed permission slip. +Artists. +Marillion, Jimmy Cliff, Third World, Aswad, Lee Perry & The Upsetters, Edoardo Bennato, Status Quo, Blue Oeyster Cult, Magnum, Katarina &The Waves, Steel Pulse, Freddie Mc Gregor, Jo Geilo Heartbreakers, Barclay James Harvest, Nils Lofgren +The Wailers, The Pogues, Rhapsody, King Sunny Ade, Uriah Heep, Nina Hagen, I.Q., T'pau, Foreigner, Sly & Robbie Package, Polo Hofer, Steve Hacket, Ziggy Marley & The Melody Makerst, Ten Years After, Status Quo, Bo Diddley & Ron Wood, Starship, Jethro Tull +Simple Minds, Chuck Berry, Status Quo, Foreigner, Bob Geldof, Kid Creole & Coconuts, The Beach Boys, Allmann Brothers Band, John Lee Hooker & Band, Vaya Con Dios, Level 42, Toto, Blues Brothers Band, Mothers Finest, Die Toten Hosen, Manfred Mann's Earthband, Little River Band +Lenny Kravitz, The Black Crowes, Chris Isaak, Mr. Big, Inner Circle, Uriah Heep, Björn Again, Midnight Oil, Living Colour, Robert Plant, Faith No More, Big Country, Bryan Adams, Heroes Del Silencio, The Jeff Healy Band, The Kinks, The Beach Boys, Sting, The Hooters +R.E.M, Clawinger, Bo Diddley, The Beautiful South, Paul Weller, Elton John, Inner Circle, Silverchair, Ugly Kid Joe, Pat Travers, The Kelly Family, Rod Steward, Dream Theater, George Thorogood & The Destr., Vanessa Mae, Faith No More, Oasis, Belly, Megadeth, Sheryl Crow, Page/Plant, The Neville Brothers, Shane Mc Gowan & The Popes, Warrant, Kix, Walter Trout Band, Nathan Cavaleri Vand, Status Quo, Chuck Berry, Slash's Snakepit, The Dubliners +David Bowie, Jamiroquai, Die Toten Hosen, Prodigy, Cake Like, Moloko, Blues Traveler, Kula Shaker, Sheryl Crow, Tic Tac Toe, Massive Attack, Jovanotti, Lewis Taylor, Spearhead, Litfiba, Alisha's Attic, Us 3, Skunk Anansie, Faith No More, Steve Winwood, The Bootleg Beatles, Echo & The Bunnymen, Fluke, Reef, Apollo 440, +The Rolling Stones, Pur, Deep Purple, Eros Ramazzotti, Bjoerk, Joe Cocker, Bob Dylan, Iggy Pop, Dave Matthews Band, Richie Sambora, Stroke, Propellerheads, Gang Starr, Transister, Anouk, K's Choice, Elisa, Joaquin Cortes, Angelique Kidjo, Les Sauterelles, Eagle- Eye Cherry, Jazzkantine, Clawfinger +James Taylor Quartett, Dog Eat Dog, Bloodhound Gang, Die Fantastischen Vier, Liz Libido, Subzonic, Björn Again, The Corrs, Alanis Morissette, Guano Apes, Betty Legler, Bananafishbones, Polo Hofer Und Schmetterband, Echt, The Cranberries +Rammstein, Shane Macgowan & The Popes,Cake,Gotthard, The Cure, Maja, Dada (Ante Portas), "A", Px-Pain, Backyard Babies, Therapy?, Clawfinger, Soulfly, Bush, Morris, Subzonic, Dream Theater, Faithless,Simple Minds, Orange Marmalade, Custommade Noise, Mild In Taste, P.M.T, Wake, Redwood, Mother Kingdom, Shruti Tribe, Twisted, Silver Inc., Roach +Pink, Söhne Mannheims, Cypress Hill, Motörhead, Guano Apes, HUN, Mary J Blige, Beginner, Gentleman, Oomph!, Die Happy, Sektion Kuckikäschtli, Asian Dub Foundation Ss, Orishas, Habib Koite, Sergent Garcia, Sheva, Pauline Taylor, Wurzel 5, Züri Slang Karaoke Superstars, Manou Gallo, Bligg, Adrian Stern, Seven, Fat Man Scoop, Beatnuts, Black Tiger, Pete Penicka, Emashie, Tambours De Brazza, Coulibaly, Sam Tschabalala & Sabeka, Musafir, Cut Killer/Abdel, Treekillaz", Carmen Fenk, Miss Moneypenny +Snoop Dogg, Jovanotti, Nightwish, Fettes Brot, In Extremo, Papa Roach, Samy Deluxe, Max Herre, Silbermond, Slunt, Helmet, Looptroop, Bagatello, The Scrucialists, Seven, Phenomden, Les Babacools, Trafficlights, Gigi Moto, Bauers, Florian Ast, Sandee +Black Eyed Peas, Busta Rhymes, Die Fantastischen Vier, Wir Sind Helden, Sportfreunde Stiller, Boodhound Gang, Gentleman, The Darkness, Kelis, Saian Supa Crew, Dog Eat Dog, Curse,Clawfinger, Joy Denalane, Double Pact, Cunninlynguists, The Locos, Gleiszwei, Godessa & Guests, Baze, Radio 200000, Breitbild, Gimma, Wurzel 5, Open Season, Chulcha Candela, Core 22, Akala, Mabon +The Prodigy, Akon, Sean Paul, Seeed, Mando Diao, The Roots, Redman, The Rasmus, Bushido, SINIK, Sido, Juli, Freundeskreis, EPMD, Samy Deluxe, The Sounds, TOK, Papoose, Gimma, Clueso, Dendemann, Sugarplum Fairy, Puppetmastaz, Karpatenhund, Bligg, Samurai, Liricas Analas, Triplenine, 6er Gascho, Griot, Cigi & Straight outta Mama, Famara +Jay-Z, Wu-Tang Clan, Cypress Hill, The Hives, Jan Delay & Disko No 1, Ice Cube, IAM, Common, Stress, Fettes Brot, Patrice, Looptroop, Culcha Candela, Dynamite Deluxe, Stephen Marley, Blumentopf, Kool Savas, Dog Eat Dog, General Degree, Sektion Kuchikäschtli, Swollen Members, Ce'Cile, K.I.Z, Breitbild, Cool Kids, Die Happy, Revolverheld, OBK, Le Peuple De L'Herbe, Chlyklass, Karamelo Santo, Radio 200000, Disgroove, Madd Family, Semantik, Manillio +Kanye West, 50 Cent, Lil Wayne, Gentleman, Sido, N.E.R.D, The Game, La Coka Nostra, Deichkind, Jedi Mind Tricks, Turbonegro, Bligg, Immortal Technique, Hilltop Hoods, Sammy DEluxe, Madcon, Gimma, Dendemann, Prinz Pi, Phenomden, Lircas Analas, Nega +Eminem, Jay Z, Die Fantastischen Vier, Nas, Damien Marley, Jan Delay, Raekwon, Diam's, Dizzee Rascal, IAM, Culcha Candela, Stress, Hilltop Hoods, D12, Samy Deluxe, Wale, KIZ, Tech N9ne, Marcelo D2, The Knux, Ebony Bones!, Clipse, Hocus Pocus, Brother Ali, Irie Révoltés, Gimma & Friends, Breitbild, Greis, Jahcoustix, The Yard Vibes Crew, Larry F, Casper, Bandit, Blue King Brown, Urthboy +Snoop Dogg, Cypress Hill, Wu-Tang Clan, The Roots, Ice Cube, Taio Cruz, Pitbull, Lupe Fiasco, Black Star, Deichkind, Public Enemy, Big Boi, M.O.P., Bushido, Soprano, Kool Savas, Ziggy Marley, Sens Unik, Samy Deluxe, Far East Movement, Ofwgkta, Jay Electronica, Yeawolf, Curren$y, Marteria, Snowgoons, Atmosphere, Ryan Leslie, Cunninlynguists, AZAD, F.R., Tommy Vercetti, LDDC +Drake, 50 Cent, NAS, Sean Paul, Rick Ross, Wiz Khalifa, Mos Def, J. Cole, Beginner, Sido, Mac Miller, Tinie Tempah, Jedi Mind Tricks, Max Herre, Samy Deluxe, K.I.Z., Marsimoto, Yeawolf, Hilltop Hoods, A$AP Rocky, Royce da 5'9, Lords of the Underground, Dilated Peoples, Beenie Man, Phenomden, Soja, Lady Saw, Steff la Cheffe, Macklemore +Snoop Lion, Seeed, Run Dmc, Jurassic 5, Tyga, A$AP Rocky, B.o.B, C2C, Wu-Tang Clan, A Tribe Called Quest +Outkast, Macklemore & Ryan Lewis, Pharrell Williams, NAS, T.I, Wiz Khalifa, M.I.A, Cro, Kid INk, Schoolboy Q, IAM, YG, Iggy Azalea, A$AP Ferg, Chance the Rapper, Joey Bada$$ +Kendrick Lamar, Nicki Minaj, A$AP Rocky, Cypress Hill, Casper, Deichkind, The Roots, Jason Derulo, Ludacris, Pusha T, Tinie Tempah, C2C, Danny Brown, Rae Sremmurd, August Alsina, G-Eazy, Logic, Travi$ Scott, Flattbush Zombies, D12 +Macklemore & Ryan Lewis, 50 Cent, Major Lazer, J. Cole, Wiz Khalifa, Future, Sido, K.I.Z., Bryson Tiller, Mobb Deep, Kool Savas, Young Thug, A$AP Ferg, Genetikk, Gostface Killah, Action Bronson, Ty Dolla $ign, Blumentopf, Lo & Leduc, Yeawolf, Hopsin, Cunninlynguists, Mick Jenkins, Dodo, Elijah +The Weeknd, NAS, Casper, Travis Scott, Cro, G-Eazy, Gucci Mane, Maître Gims, Marteria, Mac Miller, Bushido & Shindy, Rae Sremmurd, 187 Strassenbande, Bonez MC & Raf Camora, Flatbush Zombies, Fler, MHD, Machine Gun Kelly, Talib Kwelli & The Soul Rebels, Desiigner, Lil Yachty, Hilltop Hoods, Kontra K, Lady Leshurr, Lil Dicky, Nimo, Olexesh, UFO361, KMN Gang, SXTN + += = = Omega SA = = = +Omega SA is Swiss watch manufacturer. It belongs to the Swatch Group of companies. It is in Biel-Bienne (Switzerland). Omega SA produces watches of a high standard. It was founded in 1848 by Louis Brandt in La Chaux-de-Fonds (Switzerland). There are many famous people that promote Omega SA including Michael Schuhmacher, George Clooney, Cindy Crawford and Nicole Kidman. +History. +The beginning of Omega was 1848 in La Chaux-de-Fonds. Louis Brandt opened a factory that produced watches. The watches made there carried the name Louis Brandt. After the death of Brandt, his sons transferred the production to Biel/Bienne (Switzerland). There, they started to produce their watches industrially. In 1898, "Louis Brandt & frères" employed more than 500 workers. +In 1894 they changed their name to Omega, named after their first watch. +In 1904, the Brandt brothers died, and the company came into the hands of their children. In the following years, Omega became a highly prestigious watch manufacturer. In 1925, Omega started to work with Tissot, another watch manufacturer. +Today Omega belongs to the Swatch Group. +Advertising. +James Bond. +Many filmmakers have Omega watches in their movies. For example, Pierce Brosnan wore an Omega Seamaster Quartz Professional in "James Bond" movies starting with the movie "Golden Eye". In all later movies, Brosnan wore an Omega Seamaster Professional Chronometer. +Daniel Craig also wears Omega in his "James Bond" movies. He even mentions the watch manufacturer by name in the movie. +Sports. +At the moment, Omega SA is the official timekeeper for the Olympic Games. Their first time was 1932 at Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. They were the timekeeper in the 2006 Winter Olympics, and in the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. +As a sponsor for the Emirates Team New Zealand, Omega introduced the Seamaster NZL-32 chronograph in 2007. The name is the same as the name of the boat that won the America's Cup in 1995. + += = = Bierhübeli = = = +Bierhübeli-oder auch Sahli genannt is the name of a concert hall in the center of Berne, Switzerland. Many famous artists from all around the world have played there including Sugarhill Gang, Adam Green, Sportfreunde Stiller, Wir sind Helden, Joy Denalane and Bad Religion. +History. +From 1729 there has been a restaurant there called "Bierhübeli". In 1847 the "Bierhübeli" restaurant burned down. After that, they decided to build a hall as well as rebuilding the restaurant. It was finished in 1912. The hall was named after the restaurant. +Many styles of music are played there, ranging from rock and metal to rap and hip-hop. +The stage, the walls and the floor are made of wood. There is also a bar in the hall. In the hall, the audience feels very close to the artist. The sound in the hall is very rich, because of the shape and the way the building was made. + += = = Hakan Yakin = = = +Hakan Yakin () (born 22 February 1977 in Basel, Switzerland) is a Swiss former football player and current manager of Turkish origin. He is the brother of Murat Yakin and half-brother of former Swiss football professional Ertan Irizik. +Yakin's biggest success was the winning of the Swiss Super League and the Swiss Cup with the Basel in 2002. With the Swiss national team, he took part at the UEFA Champions League in 2004 and 2008 and at the World Cup in Germany in 2006. Yakin is a specialist in free-kicks and final passes. +Yakin received the award for the "Most Valuable Player" in Swiss football in 2003 and 2008. +He currently plays for Al-Gharafa (Qatar). +Club career statistics. +324||118 +9||0 +2||0 +15||5 +350||123 +International career statistics. +!Total||79||20 + += = = Lyss = = = +Lyss is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the Canton of Bern in Switzerland. It has a population of 11,000 people. About 84% of these people are Swiss German. Politically, Lyss can be called a city. The name "Lyss" comes from the local river Lyssbach. +On 1 January 2011, the old municipality of Busswil bei Büren was combined with Lyss. + += = = Globi = = = +Globi is a Swiss cartoon character. He is often called the Swiss Mickey Mouse. Globi is one of the most famous cartoon figures in the Swiss-German part of Switzerland. It was created in 1932 by the Globus department store chain for advertising. It is a blue human-like parrot with a black beret and trousers in black and red. It was so much liked by the children in Switzerland that it got published independently in 1944. There are a many Globi cartoon books and tapes in Switzerland today. Its appearance has changed several times since his development. +History. +Globi was created in 1932 by the Globus stores as a media vehicle for children. They wanted to address Globi to children. First, the figure was named "Kimbukku". Because the people of the canton of Bale named the Globus warehouse "Globi", they thought would be a better name than Kimbukku. The figure was well liked by the young customers from the beginning. First "Globi" appeared as a comic strip in the magazine "der Globi". In 1935, the first book "Globi the Childfriend" appeared. This book has sold over a million copies. It was only really successful in Switzerland. Until today, 79 illustrated classic books have been published. The Globi books were always successful, but in the 1970s they were criticized because of the racism, sexism and violence in books of the 1940s and 1950s. Today, Globi is seen as politically correct. It started to be interested in ecology and animal protection and became more of a role model. For example, in a newer volume, Globi goes with the small rhino named Najma to Africa. The readers learn about the problems of life in the savanna of Africa for rhinos. There was also a movie with Globi in the cinemas in 2005. +Publisher. +Because of the big success of Globi, the costs for the warehouse became too big. Because of this, Globi Publisher AG was founded in 1944. Since 1 January 2007, the Globi Publisher AG has been owned by Orell Füssli Publisher. The publisher is active in the Swiss market. In addition to books, they sell other Globi merchandise. These include dishes, cutlery, watches and alarm clocks, plush toys, drapery, lamps, card games and foods. There are also tourist attractions such as Globi hotel, a trail and a bus. In December 2008, a Globi winter park was built in Engelberg. In addition to Globi, other characters including Papa-Moll and Glöbeli exist. Yearly, over 80,000 Globi comic books, 40,000 educational Globi books, between 25,000 and 30,000 Papa-Moll books and 100,000 cassettes are sold. +Today Globi Publisher employs 4 permanent employee, 2 exponents, 3-4 graphic artists and bookkeepers and about 10-12 illustrators and writers. + += = = Second Coming = = = + In Christianity, the Second Coming is a time when Jesus Christ will come back to earth. The Apostles Creed and the Nicene Creed state that "Christ will come again". This coming is to judge the living and the dead. Throughout history, there have been different ideas about the details of this event. These disagreements are related to the Millennium which is described in the Book of Revelation as a 1000 year reign of Christ on the earth. Some Christians, called Amillennialists, think the 1,000 years refers only to the eventual triumph of the Gospel. Others, called Postmillennialists think that Jesus will return physically to earth. This will happen only after Christianity has been predominant for the 1,000 years. This may be a real 1,000 years or an indefinitely long time. In recent times, many Christians, especially in the United States, have believed that there will be a Rapture of the Christians. This means that at a certain time all Christians will go up to heaven to be with Jesus. After seven years of trouble on earth, Jesus will return with all the Christians to defeat the Antichrist and rule on earth for 1,000 literal years. Others who believe in the rapture put it at in the middle or at the end of the seven years. These different views come mainly from the Book of Revelation, but other Old Testament and New Testament books are also used to develop the different views. Since the Book of Revelation uses highly symbolic language, it can be understood in different ways. What virtually all Christians agree on is that in some way, Jesus will someday destroy all evil from the earth and bring goodness and peace. + += = = Beret = = = +A beret is a soft, round type of hat. They are similar to caps, but without the peak at the front. Berets are usually made of felt or a similar material. Berets are often worn in France. +Berets are worn as part of the uniform of many military and police units across the world. Many other organizations also wear berets for different purposes. + += = = Premature birth = = = +Premature birth is when a baby is born before the normal end of pregnancy. In humans, a pregnancy normally lasts for about nine months or 266 days. +Babies who are born before 37 complete weeks of pregnancy (calculated from the last menstrual period) are said to be "premature". In the United States, about 12% of the babies are born prematurely (that is about one in every eight babies). In 2003, there were over 490,000 premature births. +Worldwide rates of prematurity are more difficult to get. In developing countries, there is often no professional medical care for these babies. This makes it difficult to tell how far along the pregnancy really was. For this reason, the World Health Organization tracks rates of low birth weight instead. In 2000, 16.5% of babies born in developing countries were of low birth weight. About one-third of these low birth weight deliveries are due to premature delivery. +Complications. +The risk of having a problem (called a "complication") is higher in shorter pregnancies. Babies born prematurely die more often in their first year of life than others. Most such deaths occur in the first month of life, which is called "neonatal mortality". +Worldwide, prematurity causes 10% of neonatal mortality, or around 500,000 deaths per year. In the U.S., where many infections and other causes of neonatal death have been markedly reduced, prematurity is the leading cause of neonatal mortality at 25%. Prematurely born infants are also at greater risk of developing serious health problems, such as cerebral palsy, chronic lung disease, gastrointestinal problems, mental retardation, vision loss, or hearing loss. They are also more likely to have depression as teenagers. +Nearly half of all premature births have no known cause. When conditions permit, doctors may attempt to stop premature labor, so that the pregnancy can have a chance to continue to full term. This will increase the baby's chances of health and survival. +In the United States, the rate of premature births has increased 30% in the past two decades. +Special care for babies born early. +In developed countries, many hospitals have special facilities for prematurely born infants. This type of hospital unit is usually called a "neonatal intensive care unit" (NICU, pronounced "NICK-you"). In the NICU, premature babies are kept warm in incubators or other warming machines. They are enclosed in plastic with equipment which keeps them warm and keeps germs away from them. +Modern neonatal intensive care involves sophisticated measurement of temperature, respiration, heart function, oxygen supply, and brain activity. Treatments may include fluids and nutrition given through intravenous catheters; oxygen, breathing support; and medications. +In developing countries, where advanced equipment may not be available or reliable, simple measures such as "kangaroo care" (skin-to-skin warming), encouraging breastfeeding, and basic infection control measures help reduce death rate and illness. +Chances of survival. +The earliest time in the pregnancy where the infant has at least a 50% chance of survival is called the "limit of viability". In countries with good health care, viability has been reduced to about 24 weeks. Rare survivors have been documented as early as 21 weeks, but this date is controversial because the pregnancy was measured from the date of conception rather than the date of her mother's last menstrual period. This makes gestation appear 2 weeks less than if calculated by the more common method. Risk of brain damage and developmental delay is significant at that early time. Even if the infant lives, there are ethical controversies over the care given to such infants. The limit of viability has also become a factor in the abortion debate. + += = = Autoclave = = = +An autoclave is a device that uses pressure to heat aqueous solutions above their boiling point. It is done to kill microbiological organisms, called sterilization. The autoclave was invented by Charles Chamberland in 1879. + += = = Martin O'Neill = = = +Martin Hugh Michael O'Neill, OBE (b. 1 March 1952) is an Northern Irish football manager. He is currently the manager of Sunderland F.C., and has previously managed Celtic F.C.. and Aston Villa F.C. O'Neill was born in Kilrea, Northern Ireland. + += = = Jim Duffy = = = +James Duffy (born 27 April 1959) is a former Scottish football player and manager. + += = = Nicotine replacement therapy = = = +The nicotine in cigarettes and other tobacco products makes people dependent. When they quit, they will get withdrawal symptoms. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is there to reduce the dependency symptoms. This is usually done by delivering nicotine (or a substance very similar to it) in other ways. Common methods include "nicotine patches" and chewing gums with nicotine in them. +Cigarettes are responsible for the deaths of about 5 million people each year. These people are not killed by the nicotine in the cigarette, but by other substances in tobacco smoke such as carbon monoxide and tars. +NRT delivers nicotine to the smoker's brain in a much slower way than cigarettes do. It helps to damp down the urges to smoke that most smokers have in the early days and weeks after quitting, rather than remove them totally. It gives the smoker the chance to break smoking cues in their daily lives, and might provide a more comfortable exit from the smoking habit. NRT however is best used with some form of support, ideally from someone who knows something about smoking cessation. +In 2005 the Committee on the Safety of Medicines recommended that NRT be given to pregnant smokers and to adolescent smokers. +Findings from a recent Cochrane review of controlled trials testing NRT products (Stead et al. 2008) showed that smokers using NRT were 1.5 to 2 times more likely to have stopped smoking at followup than those in the placebo or control treatment condition. +Criticism. +Nicotine is the addictive drug in tobacco products so there is a chance when using NRT products to become addicted to those products. NRT products are safer then smoking tobacco. NRT products are generally expensive, sometimes even more so then cigarettes, so a minority of people may become addicted to the NRT product and turn back to tobacco products to save money. +Types. +Electronic cigarette. +An electronic cigarette is an electronic item used instead of cigarettes. It gives a little nicotine, propylene glycol, and sometimes flavours, when you breathe through it. It was invented in China. + += = = University of California, Berkeley = = = +The University of California, Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major university in Berkeley, California, United States. The oldest of the ten major campuses affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley offers some 300 undergraduate and graduate degree programs in a wide range of disciplines. The university occupies 6651 acres with the central campus resting on approximately 200 acres. +The university was founded in 1868 when the private College of California and the public Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College merged. Berkeley was a founding member of the Association of American Universities and 61 Nobel Laureates have been affiliated with the university as faculty, researchers and alumni. Berkeley physicists worked on the Manhattan Project during World War II and the university now manages the nation's two principal nuclear weapons laboratories: "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory" and "Los Alamos National Laboratory". UC Berkeley has admitted both men and women since 1871. +Berkeley student-athletes compete intercollegiately as the "California Golden Bears". A member of both the Pacific-12 Conference and the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation in the NCAA, Cal students have won national titles in many sports, including football, men's basketball, baseball, softball, water polo, rugby and crew. In addition, they have won over 100 Olympic medals. The official colors of the university and its athletic teams are Berkeley blue and California gold. + += = = Metadata = = = +Metadata (also "Meta data") is data about data, that is information about other information. This is often useful. Libraries usually group books by subject and keep a catalog of the books. In that context the metadata in the catalog include various pieces of information including the author and the subject it is classified under. The index and table of contents of a book also present metadata. +Digital cameras allow people to take pictures. Here the data is the picture taken, and the metadata is information about the picture taken, like when (the date and time), photographic exposure, focal length and other technical details about how the camera made the picture. Some cameras, especially smartphones, have GPS and can include the location in metadata. + += = = Failure rate = = = +Failure rate is the frequency with which an engineered system or component fails. Usually it is expressed in a number of failures per time period, like failures per hour. It is often written as the Greek letter � (lambda) and is important in reliability theory. In practice, the closely related Mean Time Between Failures is more commonly expressed and used for high quality components or systems. +Failure rate usually increases with time. For example, a car failure rate in its fifth year of service may be many times greater than in the first year of service. Nobody expects to replace an exhaust pipe or worn brake pads in a new car. +Mean Time Between Failures is closely related to failure rate. If the likelihood of failure is constant with respect to time (for example, in some product like a brick or protected steel beam), and ignoring the time to recover from failure, failure rate is simply the inverse of the Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF). MTBF is an important specification parameter in all aspects of high importance engineering design–such as naval architecture, aerospace engineering, automotive design, etc.–in short, any task where failure in a key part or of the whole of a system needs be minimized and stopped, particularly where lives might be lost if such factors are not taken into account. These factors account for many safety and maintenance practices in engineering and industry practices and government regulations, such as how often inspections and overhauls are required on an aircraft. +A similar ratio used in the transport industries, especially in railways and trucking is 'Mean Distance Between Failure', a variation which attempts to correlate actual loaded distances to similar reliability needs and practices. +Failure rates are important factors in insurance, business, and regulation practices as well as fundamental to design of safe systems throughout a national or international economy. + += = = Copy-on-write = = = +Copy-on-write (COW) is a means of optimisation in Computer Science. When several callers ask for the same resource, they can all be given a pointer to the same address. Only when they try to change the resource does a local copy need to be made. This happens without the caller noticing. It is done so that all the other callers do not see the change they did not do. + += = = Write Anywhere File Layout = = = +Write Anywhere File Layout (WAFL) is a file system. It was developed with large RAID arrays in mind. After a failure, the RAID array can be directly restarted. Other features like making the filesystem bigger without taking it offline are also supported. + += = = Tibetan blue bear = = = +The Tibetan bear or Tibetan blue bear ("Ursus arctos pruinosus") is a subspecies of the brown bear ("Ursus arctos"). It is found in the eastern Tibetan Plateau.(In the Himalayas). + += = = Tibetan red deer = = = +The Tibetan red deer ("Cervus affinis affinis" or "Cervus affinis wallichi"), also known as shou, is a subspecies of Central Asian Red Deer that is native to the Tibetan highlands of Central Asia. + += = = Wild goat = = = +The wild goat ("Capra aegagrus") is a mammal of the Caprinae subfamily. +The wild goat is a widespread species, with a distribution ranging from Europe and Asia Minor to central Asia and the Middle East. +The wild goat is an ancestor of the domestic goat. +Wild goats do not rely on humans for shelter, food or medical care + += = = Asiatic wildcat = = = +The Asiatic wildcat ("Felis silvestris ornata") is also known as the Asian Steppe wildcat or Indian Desert cat. It is a subspecies of the Wildcat. +It lives mainly in the Thar Desert, and the Rann of Kutch in India and Pakistan. It is about the size of a domestic cat, with a pale yellowish body marked with black spots. + += = = Western woolly flying squirrel = = = +The woolly flying squirrel ("Eupetaurus cinereus") is a squirrel. It is the only species of the genus "Eupetaurus". +Until recently scientific knowledge of this rare species was limited to 11 skins collected in the late nineteenth century. However, recent research has confirmed that it is still extant in Pakistan-administered Kashmir (P.A.K). It is the longest member of the family Sciuridae and the most massive gliding animal known, but observations confirm that despite its size, it does glide effectively like other flying squirrels. + += = = Wild yak = = = +The wild yak ("Bos mutus") is a large wild bovid native to the Himalayas in Central Asia. It is the ancestor of the domestic yak ("Bos grunniens"). +Most yaks are domestic, which means they live on farms run by people. There are a few wild yak but there are not many left and are in danger of extinction. There may be as few as 100 yak left in the wild. Wild male yaks stand about 2–2.2 meters tall at the shoulder, the females about 1 metre. Domestic Yaks are shorter, between 1 and 2 metres for both males and females. All yaks have long, thick hair to keep them warm in the cold places they live. Wild yaks can be black or brown. Some domestic yaks are white. All kinds of yaks have horns. +Life. +Yaks are herd animals. This means they live in groups called "herds". Yaks are "herbivores", they don't eat meat. The oldest yaks can live up to 25 years. + += = = STV (TV channel) = = = +STV is a free television channel in Scotland. It is part of the ITV network. It is one of the five main channels in Northern and Central Scotland. It started in 2006, when the old Grampian Television (Northern Scotland) and Scottish Television (Central Scotland) were merged. STV has the channel 3 licence in these areas. In the Scottish Borders, ITV is shown. STV's director is Gordon MacMillan. + += = = Scotsport = = = +Scotsport is a television programme on STV in Scotland. It covers the results of football in Scottish games. + += = = BBC Scotland = = = +BBC Scotland is a part of the BBC in Scotland. It operates the television and radio channels in Scotland. + += = = BBC Radio Scotland = = = +BBC Radio Scotland is BBC Scotland's national English language radio network. It broadcasts a wide variety of programming including news, sport, music, the arts, comedy, drama, history and lifestyle. It replaced the Scottish opt-out part of BBC Radio 4 in November 1978. +History. +BBC Radio Scotland was founded as a full-time radio network in 1978, although the name had been used since 1974 for the Scottish opt-out parts of BBC Radio 4. The creation of a separate network was made possible when Radio 4 became a fully national network and moved from medium wave to long wave. +Opt-out stations were established in Inverness and Aberdeen in 1976, followed by Orkney and Shetland in 1977, and Selkirk and Dumfries in 1983. Previously planned opt-outs in Edinburgh, Glasgow and Dundee were never realised. +Programmes. +The station broadcasts a wide range of programming including news, debate, music and sport commentaries. +News and Current Affairs. +News and current affairs programming has always constituted the dominant part of BBC Radio Scotland's schedules, especially on weekdays. In addition to regular news bulletins (usually hourly), the station broadcasts a wide range of longer in-depth news and current affairs programmes. +Good Morning Scotland (weekdays, 0600-0900) is Scotland's longest-running radio programme and one of the most popular in the country. It provides regular news, sport, business, travel and weather bulletins along with interviews and in-depth reports. It is similar to BBC Radio 4's "Today" programme, but from a Scottish perspective. It also includes the daily religious slot "Thought for the Day", again similar to that broadcast on Radio 4's "Today" programme. +The other daily news and current affairs strands are the "Morning Extra" phone-in (0905-1000), "Scotland Live" (1200-1245), "Newsdrive" (1600-1800) and the political news programme "Scotland At Ten" (2205-2230). +Weekend programmes include "Newsweek Scotland" (Sat, 0800-0900), "Shereen" (Sun, 0900-1000) and "The Business" (Sun, 1000-1030). +Sport. +Like Radio 5 Live, BBC Radio Scotland covers most of the major sporting events in Scotland. It holds exclusive rights to the Scottish Premier League and operates its Sportsound programme on a multitude of frequencies on Saturdays when games are being played. Other sporting events that can be heard on Radio Scotland include both of Scotland's domestic football cup competitions, Scotland football internationals and European games affecting Scottish teams and the rugby union Six Nations championships. Alongside the live action sports programmes, Radio Scotland also produces popular sporting shows such as football fanzine Off the Ball, phone-in forum "Your Call with Jim Traynor" and the multi-sports programme "Sports Weekly", presented by former Scotland rugby player, John Beattie. +Local opt-outs. +Orkney and Shetland each have a half hour daily news programme — "Around Orkney" (0730-0800) and "Good Evening Shetland" (1730-1800). During the winter months, this is supplemented for both areas by an hour long programme, broadcast Monday-Friday, between 1805-1900. Local bulletins are broadcast from Selkirk, Dumfries, Aberdeen and Inverness throughout the day. +Heads of Radio, Scotland. +Controllers of BBC Radio Scotland hold the title "Head of Radio, BBC Scotland" on account of BBC Scotland's radio productions for other BBC networks. + += = = Daily Record = = = +The Daily Record is a Scottish newspaper printed in Glasgow. For many years, it had been the best-selling daily paper in Scotland, with average sales of 363,411 as of April 2008. + += = = Daily Mirror = = = +The Daily Mirror is a British newspaper. It was founded on 2 November 1903. +History. +20th century. +The "Daily Mirror" was launched on 2 November 1903 by Alfred Harmsworth (later Lord Northcliffe) as a newspaper for women, run by women. Hence the name: he said, "I intend it to be really a mirror of feminine life as well on its grave as on its lighter sides...to be entertaining without being frivolous, and serious without being dull", and also invited men to read it. It cost one penny. +It was not an immediate success. In 1904, he decided to turn it into a pictore newspaper, changing the masthead to "The Daily Illustrated Mirror" and made Hamilton Fyfe editor who then fired all the women journalists. This name ran from 26 January to 27 April 1904 (issues 72 to 150), then reverted to "The Daily Mirror". The first issue did not have advertisements on the front page as previously, but instead news text and engraved pictures (of a traitor and an actress), with the promise of photographs inside. Two days later, the price was dropped to one halfpenny and to the masthead was added: "A paper for men and women". This combination was more successful: by issue 92, the guaranteed circulation was 120,000 copies and by issue 269, it had grown to 200,000: +Harmsworth sold the newspaper to his brother Harold Harmsworth (from 1914 Lord Rothermere) in 1913. In 1917, the price was increased to one penny. Circulation continued to grow: in 1919, some issues sold more than 1 million copies a day, making it the largest daily picture paper. +By the mid 1930s, the "Mirror" was struggling – it and the "Mail" were the main casualties of the early 1930s circulation war that saw the "Daily Herald" and the "Daily Express" establish circulations of more than two million, and Rothermere decided to sell his shares in it. +In the late 1930s the paper moved from being a conservative, middle-class newspaper into a left-wing paper for the working class. The "Mirror" was the first UK paper to adopt the look of the New York tabloids. By 1939, it was selling 1.4 million copies a day. +It was threatened with closure in World War II because Churchill thought a cartoon made fun of the navy. The cartoon showed a sailor clinging to a piece of wreckage. It attacked the waste of petrol, and other goods, that sailors were trying to bring across the Atlantic and avoid being killed by German submarines. +The "Mirror"'s mass working-class readership had made it the United Kingdom's best-selling daily tabloid newspaper. In 1960, it bought the "Daily Herald" (the popular daily of the labour movement) when it bought Odhams, in one of a series of takeovers which created the International Publishing Corporation (IPC). The "Mirror" management did not want the "Herald" competing with the "Mirror" for readers, and in 1964, relaunched it as a mid-market paper, now named the "Sun". When it failed to win readers, the "Sun" was sold to Rupert Murdoch — who immediately relaunched it as a more populist and sensationalist tabloid as a direct competitor to the "Mirror". In 1978, "The Sun" overtook the "Mirror" in circulation, and in 1984 the "Mirror" was sold to Robert Maxwell. +After Maxwell's death in 1991, the "Mirror" went through a protracted crisis before merging with the regional newspaper group Trinity to form Trinity Mirror in 1999. In recent years, the paper's circulation has also been overtaken by that of the "Daily Mail". +The Daily and Sunday Mirror are now printed at Watford and Oldham by Trinity Mirror. +21st century. +In 2002, the "Mirror" changed its masthead logo from red to black, because the term "red top" is a name for a sensationalist mass-market tabloid. Sometimes it was blue. On 6 April 2005, the red top came back. +Under then-editor Piers Morgan, it opposed the 2003 invasion of Iraq, and ran many front pages critical of the war. It also gave financial support to the 15 February 2003 anti-war protest, paying for a large screen and providing thousands of placards. +The "Mirror"'s front page on 4 November 2004, after the re-election of George W. Bush as U.S. President, read "How can 59,054,087 people be so DUMB?". It gave a list of states and their average IQ, showing the Bush states all below average intelligence (except for Virginia), and all Kerry states at or above average intelligence. The source for this table was "The Economist", though it was a hoax. Richard Wallace became editor in 2004. +Editors. +Source: "Tabloid Nation" p. 248. + += = = Boiga = = = +Boiga is a large genus of mildly venomous, rear-fanged, colubrid snakes typically known as the cat-eyed snakes or just cat snakes. +Other websites. +"Boiga" at The Reptile Database + += = = Bungarus = = = +Bungarus is a genus of elapid snakes. They are commonly known as kraits. Kraits are venomous. They are found in India and South-East Asia. + += = = Common krait = = = +The Common Krait ("Bungarus caeruleus") is a type of snake that is found in the jungles of India. This snake is a very poisonous. It is one of the "big four" snakes in India. + += = = Daboia = = = +Daboia is an Old World venomous vipers. It was named after Patrick Russell (1726-1805). Patrick Russell was a Scottish +herpetologist, who studied many Indian snakes. The Russell's Viper is one of the four most venomous snakes in India, and it causes the most deaths of all the venomous snakes. +Description. +Russell's vipers can grow up to the length of 166 centimeters (5.5 ft), but they are usually around the length of 120 centimeters (4 ft). The Russell's viper is usually dark yellow or brown in colour with many black spots. The viper is found in Asia. +Russell's Viper is found in open grassy and bushy areas, farmlands, coastal lowlands, plains and hills. +Behavior. +The Russell's Viper is Terrestrial (lives on the ground) and is usually nocturnal, but in cool weathers it is diurnal. When threaten it raises its head and makes a hissing noise which is said to be louder than other snakes. Their bite may sometimes be a simple snap, or sometimes the jaws hang on to the enemy for a few seconds. Adults are said to be slow and sluggish but when disturbed they become aggressive. Since of its aggressiveness and venom many animals and people are scared of this snake. That is why another snake, Rough-scaled Sand Boa, mimics the color pattern of the Russell's Viper so it looks like the Russell's Viper, but it is actually harmless. Adult's venom glands hold around 21–268 mg of venom, while young one's venom glands hold around 8–79 mg of venom. +Feeding. +The Russell's Viper eats rodents such as rats, mice, and squirrels, land crabs, lizards, shrews, scorpions and other arthropods. Young Russell's Vipers are said to be cannibals, meaning they eat each other. +Reproduction. +The Russell's Viper is viviparous: they give live birth. They mate early in the year and a female is pregnant for around six months before giving birth to her young in May to November, but usually in June or July. A female gives birth to around 20-40 young at a time, and the young are around 215-260 millimeters long when they are born. A Russell's Viper becomes mature after around 2–3 years. +Subspecies. +Not including the nominate subspecies, the Indian Russell's Viper ("D. r. russelii"), there is only one subspecies, the Eastern Russell's Viper ("D. r. siamensis"). + += = = Geoclemys hamiltonii = = = +Black Pond turtle or Spotted Pond turtle "Geoclemys hamiltonii" is a species of turtle found in South Asia. + += = = Atomicity = = = +Modern database systems are governed by the ACID principle. In that context, several operations can be grouped into what is called a transaction. From the outside, there are two points in time: before the transaction, and after the transaction. If one operation of this transaction fails, the whole transaction will. In other words: Either all the operations are done, or none is. An example of an atomic transaction is a monetary transfer from bank account A to account B. + += = = Reed–Solomon error correction = = = +Reed-Solomon error correction is a forward error correction code. It works by oversampling a polynomial constructed from the data. The polynomial is evaluated at several points, and these values are sent or recorded. Sampling the polynomial more often than is necessary makes the polynomial over-determined. As long as it receives "many" of the points correctly, the receiver can recover the original polynomial even in the presence of a "few" bad points. +Reed-Solomon codes are used in many different kinds of commercial applications, for example in CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray Discs, in data transmission technologies such as DSL & WiMAX, and broadcast systems such as DVB and ATSC. +Overview. +Reed-Solomon codes are block codes. This means that a fixed block of input data is processed +into a fixed block of output data. In the case of the most commonly used R-S code (255, 223) – 223 Reed-Solomon input symbols (each eight bits long) are encoded into 255 output symbols. +The Reed-Solomon code, like the convolutional code, is a transparent code. This means that if +the channel symbols have been inverted somewhere along the line, the decoders will still +operate. The result will be the complement of the original data. However, the Reed-Solomon +code loses its transparency if virtual zero fill is used. For this reason it is mandatory that the +sense of the data (i.e., true or complemented) be resolved before Reed-Solomon decoding. +In the case of the Voyager program R-S codes reach near optimal performance when concatenated with the (7, 1/2) convolutional (Viterbi) inner code. Since two check symbols are required for each error to be corrected, this results in a total of 32 check symbols and 223 information symbols per codeword. +In addition, the Reed-Solomon codewords can be interleaved on a symbol basis before being +convolutionally encoded. Since this separates the symbols in a codeword, it becomes less likely +that a burst from the Viterbi decoder disturbs more than one Reed-Solomon symbol in any one +codeword. +Basic idea. +The key idea behind a Reed-Solomon code is that the data encoded is first visualized as a polynomial. The code relies on a theorem from algebra that states that any "k" distinct points "uniquely" determine a polynomial of degree at most "k"-1. +The sender determines a degree formula_1 polynomial, over a finite field, that represents the formula_2 data points. The polynomial is then "encoded" by its evaluation at various points, and these values are what is actually sent. During transmission, some of these values may become corrupted. Therefore, more than "k" points are actually sent. As long as enough values are received correctly, the receiver can deduce what the original polynomial was, and decode the original data. +In the same sense that one can correct a curve by interpolating past a gap, a Reed-Solomon code can bridge a series of errors in a block of data to recover the coefficients of the polynomial that drew the original curve. +History. +The code was invented in 1960 by Irving S. Reed and Gustave Solomon, who were then members of MIT Lincoln Laboratory. Their seminal article was entitled "Polynomial Codes over Certain Finite Fields." When it was written, digital technology was not advanced enough to implement the concept. The first application, in 1982, of RS codes in mass-produced products was the compact disc, where two interleaved RS codes are used. An efficient decoding algorithm for large-distance RS codes was developed by Elwyn Berlekamp and James Massey in 1969. Today RS codes are used in hard disk drive, DVD, telecommunication, and digital broadcast protocols. + += = = GNU Parted = = = +GNU Parted is a free computer program for creating, destroying, resizing, checking, and copying partitions, and the file systems on them. This is useful for creating space for new operating systems, reorganising hard disk usage, copying data between hard disks, and disk imaging. It was written by Andrew Clausen and Lennert Buytenhek. +Graphical frontends. +GParted is a graphical program using the parted libraries. It is adapted for GTK+. It is often included as utility on many live CD distributions to make partitioning easier. + += = = Continuum (album) = = = +Continuum is the 3rd studio album by rock musician John Mayer. The album was released in September 2006. The album holds singles by "John Mayer" like "Waiting on the World to Change", "Gravity", and "Belief". +Album. +The album features mainly new songs, though "Gravity" and "Vultures" are available in live versions from John Mayer Trio's "Try!", and "", which is a Jimi Hendrix cover: the first Hendrix cover that Mayer has ever recorded as a studio release (although Mayer has recorded other Hendrix songs over time in live settings such as "The Wind Cries Mary" and "Wait Until Tomorrow"). (Mayer had played "Bold as Love" live many times prior to the release of "Continuum" such as on the televised "Tsunami Aid: A Concert of Hope" which aired on January 15, 2005.) The album contains a collaboration between Mayer and 8-string guitarist Charlie Hunter on the song "In Repair". +Discography. +Album + += = = Chir pine = = = +The Chir pine (Pinus roxburghii) named after William Roxburgh, is a pine native to the Himalayas. It has little green needle type leaves. + += = = Ulmus villosa = = = +Ulmus villosa (Brandis ex Gamble, the Cherry-bark Elm) is one of the more distinctive Asiatic elms. It can live a long time. + += = = Transformers = = = +Transformers are make-believe robots that are made by a toy company named Hasbro. In the story, they come from a planet called Cybertron. There are two main types of Transformers. These are the Autobots, the good guys, and the Decepticons, the bad guys. The leader of the Autobots is named Optimus Prime, and the leader of the Decepticons is named Megatron. Transformers can transform into different things like cars, planes, guns, and animals. Transformers were first made in 1984. There have been many different Transformers toys and stories since then. +Generation One (1984–1992). +Some people call the first Transformers toys, shows, and comics "G1" or "Generation One". The first Transformers toys were made in Japan. In Japan, the toys were from different toy lines called Microman and Diaclone. Hasbro took some of the same toys, gave some of them different colors, and called them Transformers. They asked a comic book writer named Bob Budiansky to name the robots. Bob Budiansky also decided what the robots liked, what they disliked, and how they felt about things. In Japan, at first the robots did not have names and were not alive. They were just machines that were driven by people. Bob Budiansky also wrote the Transformers comic book that was made by Marvel Comics. Spider-Man was even in one of the early Transformers comics. +There was also a Transformers cartoon on TV. The TV show told a different story than the comic book. In the cartoon, the Autobots were looking for energy (called energon, which was also the life-blood of the Transformers.) and the Decepticons chased them to Earth. In the comic book, the Autobots had to stop an asteroid (a big rock in space) from crashing into Cybertron. Another difference is that the story behind each character is different in the cartoon for a lot of robots, like the Dinobots, Jetfire (who is called Skyfire on TV), the Constructicons, and Omega Supreme. Even the way new robots were created was different. In the comic book, Optimus Prime uses the Creation Matrix to make new Transformers. In the cartoon, there is a computer called Vector Sigma that can make new robots. Modern Transformers Lore accepts that the Transformers were created by Primus, the god of the transformers, and that the supercomputer Vector Sigma is used for a different purpose. +In 1986, a Transformers movie was made. It was called The Transformers: the Movie and was a story about the future. In the story, it is the year 2005. Optimus Prime is killed by Megatron, and passes the Autobot Matrix of Leadership to a new Autobot called Ultra Magnus, who becomes the new Autobot leader. However, in the end an Autobot named Hot Rod actually becomes the new leader, as the Matrix had deemed him worthy, and he becomes Rodimus Prime. The Autobots have to stop a planet-eating monster called Unicron, who can also transform into a giant robot. Unicron also meets Megatron and gives him a new body and a new name, and he becomes Galvatron. At the end of the movie, Unicron is destroyed. +"I have summoned you here for a purpose." -Unicron +The TV show also told the story of the year 2005. We learn that the Transformers were once robot slaves who had to work for aliens called Quintessons. The Autobots did not like being slaves, so they chased the Quintessons away from Cybertron. Kids liked Optimus Prime and were sad that he died, so the writers made a story in which he came back to life, but it was too late and the show was soon discontinued in America. In Japan, the TV show continued with new cartoons that were not seen in America. +The comic book was still being made after the TV show ended. Many robots who were not seen in the cartoon were in the comic book, like Darkwing and Skids. There was even a story about how the Transformers met G.I. Joe, another Hasbro toy line. +Beast Wars and Beast Machines (1996–2001). +Beast Wars was about Transformers who could turn into animals. They looked like real animals, but they were robots in disguise. The good guys were called Maximals, and their leader was Optimus Primal. The bad guys were called Predacons, and their leader's name was Megatron. (He was a different Megatron from the Decepticon leader.) In the story, the Maximals and Predacons crashed on Earth a very long time ago, but they did not know where they were. Also, there was too much energy on the planet and it hurt their bodies. They turned into animals to protect themselves from the energy. They could only turn into robots for a short time before the energy started to hurt them. +Later in the story, many of the robots turn into Transmetals, which means they looked like robot animals instead of real animals. The Predacons find out they are on Earth, and Megatron tries to find the Autobots and Decepticons, who are on a space ship called the Ark. Megatron tries to kill Optimus Prime, who is still sleeping, so that he can change the future. +There was another show called Beast Machines that continues the story that started in Beast Wars. At the end of Beast Wars, the Maximals tried to catch Megatron. At the beginning of Beast Machines, he escapes and takes control over Cybertron. There are only four Maximals left and Megatron tries to stop them. Megatron creates new robots called Vehicons, who try to catch the Maximals. Later, we learn that the Vehicons are really Maximals or Predacons that Megatron caught and tried to control. In the story, we also learn that even though Cybertron is a dead, metal planet, it used to be a living planet like Earth. +Lore. +The origins of the transformers vary throughout the media. It is generally accepted that the original transformers, the 13 primes, were created by Primus, the god of the Transfomers, to stop Unicron, the dark god. However, in the original series, the Quintessons claim to have created the Transformers, though in modern lore they have been accepted to be lying. +In the beginning, there were two gods, Primus and Unicron. where they came from, we do not know. The one who created them is only known as "the one." The brothers traveled together for a time, exploring the universe. but they saw it differently. Primus was amazed by life and all of the beautiful things on the planets they passed, but Unicron saw it all as inferior and wanted to destroy it all. Eventually, Primus tried to stop Unicron. They fought a battle that raged across the cosmos, neither one able to best the other. But Unicron grew stronger. He devoured planets, and gained more energy. Primus knew that he could not win, that eventually he would be overtaken. No matter where in the universe they were, the Gods could find each other. So, Primus hid. He changed the game, turned the table. He took himself out of the game, because he knew he could not win. He shifted into a new form, and powered down to an eternal slumber. He created new beings to stop Unicron, giving them each a part of his own power, something that Unicron could never do. He created the Thirteen Primes. Soon, Unicron would be defeated. + += = = Hoatzin = = = +The hoatzin ("Opisthocomus hoazin") is a tropical bird found in swamps, river forests, and mangroves of the Amazon and the Orinoco delta in South America. +They are the only bird which eats leaves as a main part of their diet. Their gut has special adaptations which help their digestion. +The hoatzin is also notable for having young with claws on two of their wing digits. They are the only living member of the family Opisthocomidae. Its close relatives probably died out long ago. There has been much debate about the hoatzin's relationships with other birds. +Life-style. +Hoatzin chicks are born with hooks on their wings. They use the hooks to climb around in the trees before they are large enough to fly. Hoatzins can fly only short distances even when they are fully grown, so they usually climb. +They build their nests over water. If danger threatens, the birds dive into the water. They climb back up the tree after the danger has passed. +Hoatzins communicate through unusual sounds that resemble wheezing, grunting, growls, and hisses. +Digestion. +The hoatzin is the only bird that digests leaves. Their odor has been compared to fresh cow dung. The odor is caused by their digestive system. +The hoatzin eats the leaves and some fruits and flowers of plants which grow in the wet habitats where it lives. It clambers around clumsily among the branches. Once it was thought that the species only could eat the leaves of arums and mangroves, but the species does eat the leaves of more than fifty species. One study undertaken in Venezuela found that the hoatzin diet was 82% leaves, 10% flowers, and 8% fruit. +One of this species' many peculiarities is that it has a digestive system unique amongst birds. Hoatzins use bacterial fermentation in the front part of the gut to break down the vegetable material, much as cattle and other ruminants do. Unlike ruminants, however, which have the rumen (a specialized stomach for bacterial fermentation), the hoatzin has an unusually large crop, folded in two chambers, and a large, multi-chambered lower oesophagus. Its stomach chamber and gizzard are much smaller than in other birds. +The crop of the hoatzin is so large that it displaces the flight muscles and keel of the sternum. This is why they fly so poorly. Because of aromatic compounds in the leaves they eat, and the bacterial fermentation, the bird has a disagreeable, manure-like odor. It is only hunted by humans for food in times of great need. If the bird feeds on insects or other animal matter, that is purely accidental. +Relationships. +So far (2015) very few birds have had their total genome analysed. More recently, a start was made to sequence the entire genome of the hoatzin. As of 2011, it was reported that more than 1.4 billion base pairs of hoatzin DNA had been sequenced, roughly equal to its entire haploid genome, but that only about 2.4% of its genome had yet been assembled. Of birds, the genomes of only four species have been sequenced. Much might be learned by coordinating these efforts with analysing the hoatzin foregut ruminant bacterial microflora. At present, the nearest relatives of the hoatzin are not known. There is a fossil record which suggests its lineage is fairly ancient. + += = = Tasman Peninsula = = = +Tasman Peninsula is 75 km by road south-east of Hobart, at the south east corner of Tasmania, Australia. +Location. +Tasman Peninsula is south and west of Forestier Peninsula. It is connected by a very narrow piece of land (isthmus) called Eaglehawk Neck. The Forestier Peninsula is joined to the rest of Tasmania by an isthmus called East Bay Neck, near the town of Dunalley about 60 km from Hobart. +There are a lot of things for visitors to see including the Conservation Park, on the main highway at Taranna, the Port Arthur Historic Site and a number of beaches. +Early history. +The first people to live here were the Australian aborigines. They were part of a group known as the Ostyer Bay tribe. This large group lived on the east coast of Tasmania. The Tasman Peninsula is named after Dutch explorer Abel Tasman. +The first European settlement of the Peninsula was Port Arthur in the 1830s. It was selected as a penal colony because it was isolated from the rest of Tasmania. It could be easily got to by sea. The other prison colony at Macquarie Harbour on the west coast was too difficult to get to by sea. The prisoners there were moved to a new prison at Port Arthur. The peninsula also had a lot of trees that could be used for ship building and building houses. It had a deep sheltered harbour where visiting British warships could be repaired. Eaglehawk Neck was lined with guards and guard dogs, to prevent the escape of any convicts. Some did escape, including the bushranger Martin Cash. +The Saltwater River, Tasmania historic site (entry free) is near the north west tip of the peninsula. It was originally the site of a coal mine. Prisoners dug for coal during the day and lived in underground cells at night. +The prison at Port Arthur is now a tourist attraction. Tourism is a major business in most of Tasmania. Bushwalking is also popular in the remote parts of the peninsula. Popular places to walk to include Cape Raoul and Cape Pillar at the south west and south east ends of the Peninsula, on either side of the entrance to Port Arthur. +Tasmanian Devil. +It is now the main area in the battle to save the Tasmanian Devil from extinction. The devils have been getting a new type of cancer called Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD). It has spread quickly through the devil population. The disease has already killed more than half of the Tasmanian devils. +The peninsula's isolation from the Tasmanian mainland is ideal for keeping a healthy wild Tasmanian devil population. This project involves the local Tasmanian Devil Conservation Park at Taranna and government and university scientists. +Coastline. +The rocky coastline has been the site of a number of shipwrecks. Two large steam ships have sunk after hitting the Hyppolyte Rocks off the east coast - the "Tasman" in 1883 and the "Nord" in 1915. Munroe Bight to the north of Cape Pillar is named after the American ship "James Munroe" wrecked there in 1850. +Local industry. +In the years between convict settlement and the start of the modern tourist industry the area most people worked in the timber industry and fishing. The area was not suitable for big farms. There are some fruit orchards and some small mixed farms. The area was isolated until a regular river steamer began sailing from Port Arthur to Hobart in the 1880s. From 1900 to the 1930s the main shipping company was the Huon, Channel & Peninsula Steamship Company. They owned several ships including the M.V. "Cartela". +Many smaller towns are also on the Tasman Peninsula. The largest are Nubeena and Koonya. Smaller villages are Premaydena, Highcroft and Stormlea. +The local government area is the Tasman Council. The major road to Hobart is called the Arthur Highway. The current population is around 2000. In summer the area gets many visitors and the population rises to around 6000. +The Tasman Peninsula is well known for its rocky eastern coastline. Much of it is now in the Tasman National Park. At Eaglehawk Neck the rocks have made many strange shapes and patterns. These include Remarkable Caves, Tasman's Arch and the Tessellated Pavement. On the south of the peninsula are the highest sea cliffs in the southern hemisphere, rising 300 m above the Tasman Sea at Cape Hauy. The peninsula is claimed as one of Australias best surfing spots at Cape Roaul and Roaring Beach. + += = = Non-player character = = = +A non-player character (or an NPC) is a character played by a computer in a video game. NPCs are in many video games and help the player learn how to play the game or guide the player through the game. + += = = Breaking Dawn = = = +Breaking Dawn is the fourth and last novel in the "Twilight" series by Stephenie Meyer. The novel is divided into three sections called 'books'. The story in Book One and Book Three is told from the perspective of Bella Swan. Book Two is from the perspective of Jacob Black, Bella's werewolf friend. "Breaking Dawn" was released on August 2, 2008 with a special midnight release in many bookstores. +Plot. +Book I: Bella. +As the book opens, Bella is driving a Mercedes Guardian that Edward has bought to protect her from getting into trouble. After informing Bella's parents of their engagement, Bella and Edward marry in a traditional wedding ceremony. The wedding has a minor disturbance during a confrontation between Jacob, Bella and Edward. Not wanting to spoil her wedding day, Bella puts aside her disappointment in Jacob's unpleasantness. Edward and Bella soon depart for their honeymoon off the coast of Brazil. Edward then fulfills Bella's wish and makes love to her. The next day they argue because Edward's passionate lovemaking leaves dark bruises all over Bella's body. He then refuses to make love to her while she is still human. Meanwhile, she has a recurrent dream of a small, green-eyed boy that she feels compelled to protect she also has dreams of her and Edward making love. Bella also finds herself constantly hungry and sick. But soon after Bella awakes in the middle of a dream crying; Edward asks whats wrong and instead of telling him she decices to show him and kisses him very passionately and Edward gives in. They have made love multiple times and upon seeing a box of unused tampons in her suitcase, she realizes that her period is late and she is pregnant. Though Bella has longed for a child, she becomes immediately attached to her baby when she becomes aware of its existence. Edward, however, is only concerned for her health, and after hearing stories from a local woman (who suspects that Edward is a vampire) of similar situations that resulted in the mothers' deaths, Edward wants to get rid of the baby. Book one ends as Edward prepares to bring Bella home where he says that Carlisle will "take care of it," and as Bella secretly calls Rosalie for help. +Book II: Jacob. +The book is told from Jacob's perspective. He receives news of Edward and Bella's return, and that Carlisle has told Charlie that Bella is quarantined because she has contracted a rare disease in South America. Jacob assumes that Bella has been bitten and transformed. He is upset when Sam Uley, acting Alpha of the pack, declares that the pack will not retaliate. Jacob, full of anger, decides that if the pack will not retaliate collectively, he will act alone. Formulating strategies of attack, he runs to the Cullen house. When he arrives, however, he discovers that things aren't as he expected. Bella, as opposed to being a newborn vampire, is already heavily pregnant with Edward's and her child. It is clear that the child's rapid growth is starving and hurting Bella. +When Jacob returns to his wolf state, his thoughts inadvertently inform the pack of Bella's state. This causes fear and anger among the werewolves; they don't know how the child might act since the child is an offspring of a vampire. Sam commands the pack in the double-timbre of the Alpha, to obey his decision to destroy Bella and her unborn child. Jacob, who still loves Bella, disagrees, revolts, assumes his inherited Alpha position and leaves Sam's pack. Seth, then Leah Clearwater, soon join Jacob and the threesome form a pack with Jacob as Alpha. Jacob, Leah and Seth patrol the Cullen territory to forewarn the family of any impending werewolf attack. +As the fetus continues to develop at an alarmingly accelerated rate, Bella's health worsens. During Bella's pregnancy, Edward realizes he can read the child's mind, and is astonished to discover that the baby already loves Bella. As he hears his child's thoughts, Edward begins to love the baby as well. This leaves Jacob feeling betrayed, as he was counting on Edward to hate the baby more than he. +Bella goes into labor approximately a month after the honeymoon. The hard placenta that surrounds the child cracks; Bella begins vomiting blood. The child breaks free and Bella is very near death. Edward delivers the baby, a girl, and begins CPR, then transforms Bella into a vampire. He injects his venom into her heart and bites her in several places. Believing that Bella is dead and that there is no hope she will be resuscitated, Jacob leaves the room and goes to kill the baby whom he holds responsible. He finds her in Rosalie's arms and looks into the baby's eyes. They are exactly the same shade of brown as Bella's. Jacob imprints on her. +Book III: Bella. +The book returns to Bella's perspective. She has just given birth to her daughter, and is now experiencing the painful transformation from human to vampire. After two days, she opens her eyes. The Cullens are wary of Bella as newborn-vampires are volatile. Yet, Bella manages to exhibit some self-control unseen in normal newborns. She wishes to see her daughter, Renesmee, but since Renesmee is part-human, the family believes Bella will be unable to control her newborn thirst if she sees the child so soon without first hunting. +Edward takes Bella on her first hunt to ease her thirst. Before they leave, Alice shows Bella her reflection. She has transformed into a stunningly beautiful woman with flawless skin and newborn-vampire red eyes. Bella does not recognize her reflection at first due to her volatile-looking red eyes. +Upon returning, Bella is allowed to see her daughter because of her demonstration of self-control in the woods when she smelled humans approaching. Because Renesmee is growing at an astonishing rate, she looks older than her calendar age. Bella learns of Renesmee's gift - the ability to communicate by sending images to people's minds through touch. Bella is infuriated when she learns that Jacob has imprinted on Renesmee, and says it is his fault that he has imprinted on her child. She loses her self-control and she tries to attack Jacob. She breaks Seth's collarbone and shoulder when he steps between the two. She then manages to calm down. Renesmee leads to a truce between the Quilleutes and the Cullens because of Jacob's imprinting. Differences between Sam and Jacob's packs are soon settled as well and they become co-existent Alphas. +Unfortunately for the Cullen family, Irina, a vampire from the Denali clan, sees Renesmee and mistakenly informs the Volturi that Renesmee is a forbidden immortal child. The Cullen family understands that Irina is mistaken and decides the only way to enlighten the Volturi and prevent an attack is to present Renesmee with a large group of credible witnesses. +After leaving a note with Sam Uley from the copyright page of Shakespeare's "The Merchant of Venice", Alice and Jasper suddenly leave the Cullens. Since the couple does not provide a warning or reason, the Cullen family does not know why the couple has fled, and assumes that Alice has foreseen there is no hope for the situation. Since it was her copy of the book, Bella perceives this as a sign from Alice. She returns to the cottage and she finds that Alice has written a name and address on another page of the book. When Bella goes to the address, she finds that it leads to the office of a lawyer who can forge documents. Bella requests documents for Jacob and Renesmee, should they need to escape if a fight ensues with the Volturi. Meanwhile, nomadic, vegetarian, and clans of vampires arrive at the Cullen estate after the family begins to seek their friends' assistance with the Volturi. Most of them are enthralled by Renesemee, and almost all agree to bear witness to the Volturi that she is not an immortal child. +Bella also discovers that her power of mind-privacy has a shielding effect and she wonders if she can extend this protection to others. During the month of preparation for the Volturi, several of the vampires with quantifiable supernatural talents teach Bella how to expand the barrier. When the Volturi and Irina finally arrive, all of the vampires and the werewolves meet in a clearing in the forest. The Volturi discover that they have been misinformed and immediately execute Irina for her mistake. However, the Volturi are not satisfied to leave because the Volturi leaders want the exceptionally gifted vampires to join them. Those on Bella's side are protected when Bella's shield disables the Volturi's offensive fighters, Alec and Jane. Aro, Caius and Marcus decide to vote on whether or not Renesmee will be a danger to the vampire world when she attains maturity. Just before Aro can cast his deciding vote, Alice and Jasper return with another half-human, half-vampire from South America who is about one hundred fifty years-old. He and his three half-sisters (who are also half-vampire, half-human) are the children of a vampire who is creating a "super race." They have never caused any danger to the vampire world. Facing no other choice, Aro chooses to give up the fight, and the Volturi flee. +After leaving the Cullen estate for their cottage, Bella and Edward tuck Renesmee into her bed and proceed to their bedroom arm-in-arm. Bella tells Edward she wants to try something with him. She has been secretly practicing for this moment. Bella places her hands on his cheeks and tries to push away her shield. She conjures her special memories that she wants to share with Edward. He is finally able to see for the first time just how deeply she has always loved him. She wants to remove the barrier for Edward so he can access her mind. She says that they have only forever for her to perfect it. The "Twilight" series closes with "And then we continued blissfully into this small but perfect piece of our forever." +Cover. +The cover of "Breaking Dawn" is a metaphor for Bella's changes during the entire story. She began as the weakest (at least physically, when compared to vampires and werewolves) player on the board: the pawn. She ended as the strongest: the queen. +The title "Breaking Dawn" is a reference to the beginning of Bella's vampire life. +Marketing campaigns. +"Entertainment Weekly" magazine printed a small part of "Breaking Dawn" on Friday, May 30, 2008. Stephenie Meyer also gave a 'Quote of the Day' from "Breaking Dawn" for about 3 weeks before the book was released on August 2, 2008. The first quote was on Meyer's website on July 12, 2008. +The first part of "Breaking Dawn", "Engaged", was released in the special edition of "Eclipse". +Reception. +Some readers liked "Breaking Dawn" but others did not. +In an article on "The Daily News Tribute" Margaret Smith says of "Breaking Dawn" "You too might fall in love with its suspense and moving sensitivity -- and with the unlikely couple struggling to find light within their world’s heart of darkness." +Criticisms. +In an interview on EW.com, Meyer talked about the fans' reaction to the book. She said the "wild reaction" fans had the "Rob Effect". She said the fans need time to accept the ending of "Breaking Dawn", just as they needed time to accept Robert Pattinson playing the role of Edward Cullen in the "Twilight" movie. +An article about "Breaking Dawn" on "nymag.com" asked: "Did 'Breaking Dawn' Ruin the Twilight Series?". +The article said: "The "L.A. Times' " Denise Martin didn't like it and says that unlike J.K. Rowling in her series finale, 'Meyer's bunted.'" +"The Washington Post" also did not like the book. It used comments such as, "...Meyer has put a stake through the heart of her own beloved creation," and, ""Breaking Dawn" has a childbirth sequence that may promote lifelong abstinence in sensitive types." + += = = Shayne Ward = = = +Shayne Ward (16 October 1984) is an English singer. He was born in Clayton, Greater Manchester. He won the 2005 UK series of television programme "The X Factor". He has released three studio albums. + += = = The X Factor (British TV series) = = = +The X Factor is a British television programme, in which ordinary people who want to be singers compete for a recording contract and a cash prize. It is shown from August-December each year on Saturdays and Sundays on the channel ITV. It replaced Pop Idol by Simon Cowell in 2004. +Hosts. +The show started being presented by Kate Thornton, but she left in Series 3 (2006.) Ben Shephard was hoping to present, but his offer was turned down. Instead, Dermot O'Leary took over in Series 4 (2007) and presented for 8 series, until his departure from the show in Series 10. Olly Murs and Caroline Flack became the first duo to host the show, but only lasted one season, mainly because they were very unpopular with the public. Dermot O'Leary returned to present the 13th series and has continued to present the show since. +Spin-offs. +"Xtra Factor". +The Xtra Factor was the spin-off show of the X Factor UK. It is broadcast on British Television channel ITV2. The hosts of the spin-off are well known for hosting for short periods of time. The first Xtra Factor host was Ben Shephard, and he quit in Series 3, because his offer of being the main presenter (after Kate Thornton's departure) was turned down by the show's producers. Fearne Cotton then hosted for the fourth series. Holly Willoughby, Cotton's close friend, replaced her during the following two series, but was replaced by Blue Peter former presenter, Konnie Huq in 2010, however, Konnie lasted only one series. Olly Murs and Caroline Flack became the first duo to host the Xtra Factor in Series 8, and they presented together for two seasons. Olly then left in order to focus on his music career. He was replaced by Matt Richardson, but then Caroline and Matt announced their leave. Sarah-Jane Crawford hosted for only the 11th season. The Saturdays singer Rochelle Humes teamed up with Melvin Odoom to present the Xtra Factor's twelfth season. Matt Edmondson and Rylan Clark-Neal presented the thirteenth and final series +On 18 January 2017, it was announced that "The Xtra Factor" would be axed after 13 years and would be replaced by an online show instead. +Celebrity version. +In 2006, there was a celebrity version titled The X Factor: Battle of the Stars." It saw nine celebrity acts perform over the course of 8 episodes. The winner (Lucy Benjamin) received money for her chosen charity as a prize. The judges were Simon, Sharon and Louis. In 2019, there was a similar version returned titled The X Factor: Celebrity." The judges were Simon, Louis and Nicole. +"The X Factor: The Band". +The X Factor: The Band was a one-time special edition of the show. It was a version with the aim of creating a new popular band. The show had four episodes. The girl group Real Like You won the live final. The show was judged by Simon Cowell, Nicole Scherzinger and former winner Leona Lewis. + += = = Cheryl (singer) = = = +Cheryl Ann Tweedy (born 30 June 1983), better known by her first name, Cheryl, is an English singer and dancer. She was a member of Girls Aloud. +Career. +Girls Aloud. +In 2002, Cole auditioned for music reality show . She and four other girls, Sarah Harding, Nicola Roberts, Kimberley Walsh, and Nadine Coyle won the competition. They formed a group called Girls Aloud on 30 November 2002, which has since been very successful. They have had 20 top ten singles in the United Kingdom, and have been nominated for four BRIT Awards, winning best single for 'The Promise." +The X Factor. +Cole was asked to become a judge on The X Factor in 2008. She won it in her first year with Alexandra Burke. Burke has had a number one single and a number one album in 2009. Cole won it again in 2009, mentoring the eventual winner Joe McElderry. +Solo work. +Cole released her first solo single, Fight for This Love, in October 2009 from her solo album "3 Words". It went straight to number one in the charts, becoming the best-selling song of 2009. Her new album 'Messy Little Raindrops' went straight to number one in the album charts, 'Promise This' is a hit single from the album. She has a new song called "Call My Name", which was released on 10 June 2012. Her autobiography was published in 2012. +Assault. +In January 2003, Cole punched a toilet attendant in a nightclub in Guildford, Surrey. In October that year, she was convicted of assault occasioning actual bodily harm. She was sentenced to 120 hours of community service. +Personal life. +Cole married Chelsea and England football player Ashley Cole in July 2006. In February 2010, they announced their separation after several newspapers claimed he had been unfaithful with other women. She also dated Liam Payne. + += = = Dannii Minogue = = = +Danielle Jane "Dannii" Minogue (born 20 October 1971) is an Australian pop singer, actress, presenter and model. She is the sister of Kylie Minogue. Her most successful hit was "Who Do You Love Now". Other than singing, she is known for her television appearances in Australia and the United Kingdom. +She was a judge on the British television programme "The X Factor" from 2007 to 2010. She was also a judge on the first three seasons of the Australian "Masked Singer" and on the Australian version of "X Factor." +Personal life. +She was born Danielle Jane Minogue in Melbourne on 20 October 1971 to a Welsh immigrant mother and Irish-Australian father. + += = = Side project = = = +In music, a side project is a musical project by one or more people who are already famous for their work in another band. The term "side project" can also be used when a musician changes their style. Side projects usually happen so that a musician can do music that they would not normally do as part of the band. +An example of this is the Japanese band Poppin’Party. + += = = Martin Cash = = = +Martin Cash (baptised 10 October 1808 – 26 August 1877) was a famous Australian bushranger. He was one of the few people who escaped from the prison at Port Arthur, Tasmania. In 1870 he wrote a book (autobiography) about his life. +Early life. +Cash was born at Enniscorthy, County Wexford, Ireland. As a boy he worked on a farm at Wexford. In March 1827, he was convicted of stealing from houses. In his book, Cash says he shot a man in the bottom (buttocks). The man had been kissing and hugging Cash's mistress. He was sentenced to seven years transportation to Australia. +Convict. +Cash was sent as a convict to Sydney, sailing in the ship "Marquis of Huntley". He was sent to work for George Bowman in the Hunter River area. After being set free, he continued to work for Bowman. He was suspected of stealing cattle so he left New South Wales and went to Van Diemen's Land with Bessie Clifford and arrived in February 1837. In 1839 he was again convicted of stealing and sent to prison for seven years. During the next three years he escaped three times. He nearly escaped from Port Arthur by swimming. He was given an extra four years in prison at Port Arthur. +Bushranger. +On Boxing Day 1842 Martin Cash, with George Jones and Lawrence Kavenagh escaped from a work party. They hid in the thick bush and walked to Eaglehawk Neck. They swam across with their clothes tied up above their heads. They all lost their clothes and had to steal some. For nearly two years, they robbed mail coaches, houses and hotels. They almost never used violence and became known as 'gentlemen bushrangers'. They were called "Cash and Company". On July 14, 1843, the government offered a reward of 100 sovereigns or 100 acres of land for help in capturing Cash. +Cash thought that Bessie Clifford was with another man. He went to Hobart in August 1843, but was captured. During his capture he shot and killed a policeman. Cash was sentenced to death by hanging. At the last minute, the lieutenant-governor changed the punishment to prison for life. Cash was sent to Norfolk Island for ten years. He became a well-behaved prisoner and given some important jobs, such as looking after the young boys. +Farmer and Author. +In March 1854, he was able to marry Mary Bennett (1824–1914), a convict from County Clare. He was let out of prison and went back to Tasmania. He worked in the gardens in the government Domain, Hobart. In May 1856, he went to New Zealand, but came back to Tasmania four years later. He bought a hop farm at Glenorchy. Cash told the story of his life to James Lester Burke, an Irish ex-convict. Burke wrote down the story which was published in Hobart in 1870. It has been reprinted many times. Martin Cash died on August 27, 1877. + += = = Saga Prefecture = = = + is a prefecture of Japan in the Kyūshū region of Japan on the island of Kyūshū. The capital city is Saga. +History. +The area of Nagasaki Prefecture and Saga Prefecture was formerly called Hizen Province. The current name dates from the Meiji Restoration. +In the Edo period this area was called the . +Seven Wise Men of Saga. +"The Seven Wise Men of Saga" is the name for seven men from Saga. Each of them was important to the development of modern of Japan. They began changing the country around the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate. They continued modernizing Japan during the Meiji Restoration. +Geography. +Saga is the smallest prefecture on Kyūshū. It is bordered by the Genkai Sea and the Tsushima Strait to the north and the Ariake Sea to the south. Nagasaki Prefecture is on its western border. Fukuoka Prefecture and Kumamoto Prefecture are east of Saga. +National Parks. +National Parks are established in about 11% of the total land area of the prefecture. +Shrines and Temples. +"Yodohime jinja" and "Chiriku Hachiman-gū" are the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") in the prefecture. + += = = What Is This? = = = +What Is This? was a rock band from Los Angeles, California. The band started in 1977 with two friends from Fairfax High School, Hillel Slovak and Jack Irons, who formed a band called Anthym. Flea joined the band as bass player, before leaving to go to college. Flea and another school friend, Anthony Kiedis, asked Slovak and Irons to play with them in a one off group they called Tony Flow and the Miraculously Majestic Masters of Mayhem. This group became the Red Hot Chili Peppers. Hillel Slovak, Flea, and Jack Irons were members of both bands. Slovak and Irons left after Red Hot Chili Peppers' first album to keep playing with What Is This?M After Natasha Shneider joined the band, they changed their name to Walk The Moon and then to Eleven. + += = = Shanghai World Financial Center = = = +The Shanghai World Financial Center is a high skyscraper in Shanghai, China. It has 101 storeys and is currently the third tallest building in the world, because Burj Khalifa is the tallest. Inside the building, there are offices, hotels and shopping malls. +This building's roof is actually higher than Taipei 101's roof, but Taipei 101 has a spire on top, making Taipei 101 taller than Shanghai World Financial Center. + += = = Black mamba = = = +The black mamba ("Dendroaspis polylepis") belongs to the Elapidae family of snakes. It is the second largest venomous snake in the world. An adult black mamba can grow up to in length. The black mamba's skin is not actually black, it gets its name from the colour of the roof of its mouth. +The black mamba lives in the south and the east of Africa. It is known around the world for its dangerous venom. It is very fast (it reaches speeds of 12 miles per hour) and can also climb very fast. The black mamba lives 10-11 years. +Habitat. +Black mambas enjoy rock-covered hills, forested savannah, and woods with rocks and fallen trees to shelter them. They also can be found in hollow trees and in termite mounds. If the black mamba is not disturbed, it will come back to a certain home all its life. They are typically found in subsaharan places in parts of south and east Africa. They can be found as far north as Eritrea, and as far west as Namibia, and in South Africa. +Prey. +Black mambas eat small mammals like rodents, squirrels and bush babies. Sometimes they eat birds. They bite once or twice and then wait for their prey to become paralyzed and die. Then they eat them. +Predators. +There is not much information on the predators of the black mamba, but snakes have many predators. Some predators are birds of prey, crocodiles, big frogs, mongooses, monitor lizards, foxes, jackals, and even humans. We kill them because we are afraid of their dangerous venom. Also, snake eggs are sometimes eaten by scavengers. They are timid and do not strike unless threatened. +Behavior. +The black mamba is a shy animal. They like to avoid other animals, but if another animal confronts them, they become aggressive. When the black mamba is threatened, it will raise its head, open its mouth, expand its hood, and flick its tongue. It will also hiss. Its bites are fast and it bites many times. Its venom can be fatal to us. The black mamba likes to bask in the sun, and it remembers the spot it basks at. They are fast and can climb trees quickly. +They communicate in the same ways that most snakes do. They use their eyes to detect motion, and if it is sudden they will attack. They 'see' with their tongue by collecting air particles and then putting them on an organ in their mouth. The organ senses what is around them with the air particles. They do not have ears on the outside of their body, but they can sense vibrations in the ground. Like many other snakes, if they are threatened, they will show aggression and signals that warn the attacker. +Venom. +A black mamba's bite is easily enough to kill many adult men. The deadly poison takes between 30 minutes to 3 hours to kill, in most cases. Unlike most snakes it has enough venom to bite many times in a short period. A black mamba usually attacks the head of its prey if possible. This is so it can kill it's prey easily. For this reason a black mamba can raise itself to a height of almost four feet. +Reproduction. +When the males and females are done mating, they go back to their homes. In two to three months the females will lay 6-17 eggs, which will hatch in 2-3 months. Black mambas do not interact with each other besides mating. They do not try to raise their young. When the female lays her eggs, she will put them in a safe place and leave them. The babies have to defend themselves from birth. Young black mambas stay in the egg for 2-3 months, and then they break through the shell with an 'egg tooth.' They are almost fully developed when they hatch, and they already have venom glands and can defend themselves mere minutes after their birth. +Black mambas mate in the early springtime. The male snakes will find a female by following their scent. When the male black mamba finds the female, he will inspect her with his tongue. Male snakes will fight a lot during the mating season. They intertwine their bodies and raise their heads up to one meter off the ground. It looks like dancing. +Related species. +The black mamba is related to all members of the elapidae family + += = = Cucumber = = = +The cucumber ("Cucumis sativus") is a widely grown plant in the family Cucurbitaceae. This family also includes squash. A cucumber looks similar to a zucchini (British English: courgette). +To a botanist, cucumbers are biologically fruits even if they are commonly thought of as vegetables: that is their value as a food. They can be cooked, eaten raw, or pickled. Some people hollow out the cucumber and fill it with other food, like tomatoes or feta cheese. + += = = Anne Wood = = = +Anne Wood CBE (born December 1, 1937) is a British children's television producer. Her independent production company, "Ragdoll Productions", was founded in 1984 and specialises in making original programming for children 10 and under. Ragdoll is based in Stratford-upon-Avon, UK and has produced "Pob", "Brum", "Rosie and Jim", "Tots TV", "Teletubbies", "Boohbah" and most recently "In the Night Garden". +She has won a BAFTA. + += = = List of Teletubbies episodes = = = +This is a list of episodes of the children's television series with the Teletubbies. + += = = Tim Whitnall = = = +Timothy Charles "Tim" Whitnall (born 27 June 1961 in Canvey Island, Essex) is an English playwright, screenwriter, and actor known for playing Angelo in the long-running CITV series "Mike and Angelo" and narrating the BBC children's TV programme "Teletubbies" (UK and Canada). In the USA, the USA narrator was Rolf Saxon. He currently co-provides voices in "Thomas & Friends". +Career. +He has starred in many West End musicals including "Elvis", "Grease", "The Rocky Horror Show", and "Good Rockin' Tonight". +He worked extensively in film, TV, and radio and presented (and wrote for) the BBC School's series, "The Music Arcade" (with Lucie Skeaping), "Into Music", "Time and Tune", "Music Workshop", and "Let's Sing". He has provided many voice-overs and vocals for TV commercials, animations, and jingles. +Whitnall's theatre play "The Sociable Plover", first performed at Old Red Lion Theatre in 2005, was made into a feature film by Poisson Rouge Pictures and Solution Films (re-titled as "The Hide") and received its UK première on Film4 in February 2009. Following its screen release at the ICA Cinema, London, the film was released on DVD in January 2010. For this work, Whitnall was nominated for Best First Feature Length Screenplay category in the 2010 Writer's Guild of Great Britain Awards. +Whitnall's stage-play "Morecambe" – a tribute to the late comedian Eric Morecambe – won a Fringe First Award for 'innovation and excellence in new writing' at the 2009 Edinburgh Festival Fringe. The show opened at London's Duchess Theatre the following December and toured the UK through 2010. The piece was nominated in two separate categories in the 2010 Laurence Olivier Awards and won the 'Best Entertainment' category. +In 2012, BBC Four screened Whitnall's 90-minute drama "Best Possible Taste: The Kenny Everett Story", which examined and celebrated the life of Kenny Everett. It was directed by James Strong, produced by Paul Frift and starred Oliver Lansley and Katherine Kelly. For it, Whitnall won the Breakthrough Talent Award in the 2013 BAFTA Television Craft Awards. +During 2014, Whitnall joined the cast of the CGI version of the British TV series "Thomas & Friends", and has provided the voices of the characters Timothy and Reg (in the UK/US), and since 2015-6, Mike, Jerome and Oliver the Excavator in the UK/US. +Personal life. +He lives in Richmond, Surrey with his partner, Anna Murphy, with whom he has a production company, Feather Productions Ltd. + += = = The College Dropout = = = +The College Dropout is the debut album by rapper and producer Kanye West, released February 10, 2004. It was nominated for Grammy Award for Album of the Year and won Best Rap Album and Best Rap Song for "Jesus Walks" in 2005. The album has received great acclaim from critics and mainstream fans alike, for its balance of mainstream commercial appeal and its innovative subject matter. It has been called one of the greatest albums of all time by "Time" and "Rolling Stone". +Background and production. +Kanye West had gotten attention for his production but was not well-known for his rapping. He was turned down by record labels because he didn't have the gangsta image that was popular at that time. He eventually signed with Roc-A-Fella Records. In 2002, West was in a bad car accident which gave him a shattered jaw, so his jaw had to be wired shut. He recorded a song called "Through the Wire" with his jaw still wired shut. This song helped him get a starting point for the album. +The album was recorded at The Record Plant in California. The beats used mainly had pitch shifted samples from gospel and soul records. Some of the beats used were gathered over a long period of time. When the album was finished, it was leaked. West used this as an opportunity to re-assess the album and improve it. He added strings and gospel choirs into his songs. +Lyrics. +The album was different from the gangsta rap that was popular at that time. The lyrics were on subjects that affected West's life such as family, religion, racism, materialism and more. +Commercial performance. +"The College Dropout" reached #1 on Billboard's Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums Chart, and reached #2 on the "Billboard" 200. In the UK, it peaked at #12 on the album chart and spent several months in the top 20. The album went triple platinum in the United States. +The first single from the album, "Through the Wire", was recorded while West's mouth was wired shut after a near-fatal car accident in October 2002. It features a Chaka Khan sample, peaked at #15 on the Billboard Hot 100 Singles chart while its successor "All Falls Down", which features R&B singer Syleena Johnson, peaked at #7. The third single, "Jesus Walks", peaked at #11 while a fourth extract, "The New Workout Plan", made a minor impression on the R&B/Hip-Hop charts (see list of US Billboard chart positions below). In the UK, "Through The Wire" peaked at #9 on the singles sales chart, "All Falls Down" peaked at #10, and "Jesus Walks" peaked at #11. +Personnel. +Information taken from "The College Dropout" liner notes. + += = = 73 (number) = = = +73 (seventy-three) is a number. It comes after seventy-two, but before seventy-four. 73 is the 21st prime number. Its mirror, 37, is the 12th, and its mirror, 21, is the product of multiplying seven and three and in binary, 73 is a palindrome, 1001001, which backwards is 1001001. + += = = Fowler Ridge Wind Farm = = = +The Fowler Ridge Wind Farm is a wind farm in Benton County, Indiana, near the city of Fowler, IN about northwest of Indianapolis. Fowler Ridge was constructed in two phases and has a generating capacity of 600 MW. + += = = Shepherds Flat Wind Farm = = = +The Shepherds Flat Wind Farm is an 845 megawatt (MW) wind farm in the eastern part of U.S. state of Oregon, near Arlington, in both Gilliam and Morrow counties. Building started in 2009, and it officially opened in September 2012. + += = = Pampa Wind Project = = = +T. Boone Pickens, a former Texas oilman, is planning to build the world's largest wind farm, called the Pampa Wind Project, as part of the Pickens Plan. It will be developed by Pickens' company, Mesa Power. The proposed 4,000 MW facility will be located near Pampa, Texas, which is on the Texas Panhandle, and will stretch to the east, spanning 400,000 acres in five counties. This will provide enough power for 1.5 million average homes. +When it was planned, it would have been the largest wind farm in the United States. As of May 2008, the largest U.S. wind plant is the Horse Hollow Wind Energy Center with a capacity of 736 MW. +Electric transmission lines must connect wind farms to the places where the electricity is used. People fought over whether wind farm owners or electricity users should pay to build these lines. On July 17, 2008, the Texas Public Utilities Commission ruled that ratepayers should pay $4.93 billion to build the lines to connect wind farms in the Texas Panhandle to the Texas electric grid. This implements a 2005 Texas law designed to promote new wind energy projects. +On March 2, 2009, Mesa Power announced that it was working on the first phase of the project. But had put off work on the later phases. It canceled 120 of 197 wind leases. +In July 2009, Mesa Power delayed (but did not cancel) the project. Mesa Power said the project must wait because it did not have transmission capacity to the site and poor credit market. Mesa Power will restart the Pampa Wind Farm project in 2013, when transmission lines are due to be completed in the area. In the meantime, Mesa Power will use the 667 turbines it purchased to build several smaller wind farms. + += = = Cluster headache = = = +Cluster headaches are a type of headache. They are the least common type of headache. +Cluster headaches are very painful. They usually cause very strong pain on one side of the head, behind the eye and temple. The headaches can last anywhere from 15–180 minutes. People may have cluster headaches many times a day. Cluster headaches may also cause other symptoms. Most people get restless or agitated during an attack. Some people get a runny or stuffy nose. The eye on the side of the head that hurts can also get red or start tearing up. +They are called "cluster headaches" because they usually come and go. For a while, person may have many attacks of cluster headaches. Sometimes, they may then have no cluster headaches for a while. If a person has no cluster headaches for a while, this is called a remission period. No one knows why remission periods happen. Some people with cluster headaches never have a remission period. +Cluster headaches can be genetic (passed down through families). However, when they are, a person may never have a cluster headache unless they have a bad head injury. +In people who do not carry a gene for cluster headaches, nobody knows what causes them. + += = = Ultimate (sport) = = = +Ultimate (often called Ultimate Frisbee in reference to the trademarked brand name) is a non-contact team sport played with a 175 gram flying disc on a rectangular field. Opposing teams of 7 players try to move the disc into the opponent's end zone by throwing the disc to each other. A point is scored when one team catches the disc in the other team's end zone. A typical ultimate game will finish when one team scores fifteen points. Ultimate is most often played on grass or turf fields but can also be played on sand. +Game Length. +An ultimate game is made up of two periods of play which are called halves. In a game played to fifteen points, the first half finishes when one team reaches eight points. A game of ultimate may finish before one team reaches fifteen points if there is a time cap. A time cap limits the duration of a game. +Rules and Spirit of the Game. +The World Flying Disc Federation (WFDF) controls the rules of play and game structure for international competitions. However, players of ultimate are individually responsible for upholding the rules of ultimate. Unlike other sports, there are no referees in ultimate. Players must call their own fouls or infractions and must resolve conflict by communicating directly with the opposing team. All players are expected to follow the Spirit of the Game, which describes how fair play is critical to ultimate. +Passing. +The disc can only be moved by passing, but the player with the disc can pivot on one foot. If a pass is incomplete (touches the ground or is caught or knocked down by a defending player) or out of bounds, it is a "turnover" and the other team gets possession of the disc. + += = = Sweetwater Wind Farm = = = +Sweetwater Wind Farm is the second largest wind farm in Texas. Construction of the 585 MW wind farm has proceeded in five stages, and some generating capacity is still being built. + += = = New Line Cinema = = = +New Line Film Productions Inc., often called New Line Cinema, is an American movie studio. It was founded in 1967 by Robert Shaye. It became a subsidiary of WarnerMedia in 1996. It was merged into the bigger studio Warner Bros. in 2008. +In comparison with other independent motion picture studios. +Unlike other independent studios such as Orion Pictures, Carolco Pictures, or Cannon Films, New Line Cinema has grown and prospered to become one of Hollywood's major movie studios, culminating in the hit "Lord of the Rings" movie trilogy that brought prestige to the studio. + += = = List of New Line Cinema movies = = = +The following is a list of movies produced, co-produced, and/or distributed by New Line Cinema + += = = 1953 Iranian coup d'état = = = +In 1953, there was an Iranian coup d'état to remove the Prime Minister of Iran, Mohammad Mossadeq, from power. The coup d'état was nicknamed Operation Ajax. The coup was planned by the CIA and Britain's MI6 in August 1953. +Causes. +In 1951, Mossaddeq was the chairman of Iran's Oil Committee. He was highly supported by the people of Iran. At that time, Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was in power. The Majlis (Iranian Parliament) voted for a law to "nationalize" (take the company away from the people who owned it and make it owned by the government) the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, an oil company in Iran. +Mossaddeq was elected Prime Minister of Iran in April 1951. His first action as Prime Minister was to put the oil nationalization in place. +The British government had a plan for a coup d'etat to remove Mossadeq from power. They managed to get the United States CIA to help with the coup. The coup was planned by Monty Woodhouse. It was carried out by MI6 and the CIA, and led by General Fazlollah Zahedi, who later went into exile. +Later. +Mossaddeq was replaced by Fazlollah Zahedi, but Mossaddeq refused to step down. A military dictatorship was put in place. Shah Pahlavi was put back in power. (Pahlavi was in power before this, but he was forced to put Mossadeq back in power at the time.) This made the people angry. They would later start the Iranian Revolution in 1979. The revolution put the Ayatollah Khomeini in power. + += = = Van Diemen's Land = = = +Van Diemen's Land was the name used by Europeans for Tasmania before it was known it was an island. Tasmania is now a state of Australia. The Dutch explorer Abel Tasman was the first European to chart some coasts of Tasmania. He named the land Anthoonij van Diemenslandt after Anthony van Diemen, the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies. Van Diemen had sent Tasman to explore the extent of the presumed south land in 1642. +In 1803, the island was settled by the British as a penal colony. It was called Van Diemen's Land, and became part of the British colony of New South Wales. In 1824, Van Diemen's Land became an independent colony with George Arthur as the first Governor. +In 1856 Britain changed the name to Tasmania, an alternative name that had been shown on some maps and used by the community for decades. It was formally changed at the request of its citizens. Britain also gave the colony the right to govern itself. Later that year it had its own parliament. +Penal colony. +From the 1830s to 1853, Van Diemen's Land was the main penal colony in Australia. When Britain stopped sending prisoners to New South Wales, all convicts were sent to Van Diemen's Land. About 75,000 convicts were sent to Van Diemen's Land, approximately 40% of all convicts sent to Australia. +Male convicts got paid for being servants or farm workers to free settlers, or in work groups on public works. Only the most difficult convicts were sent to the Tasman Peninsula prison known as Port Arthur. Convicts who comitted more crimes were also sent there. Female convicts worked as servants in free settler's houses or were sent to a female factory (women's workhouse prison). There were 5 female factories in Van Diemen's Land. +Convicts who had finished their time in prison or had been well behaved and given a ticket-of-leave often left Van Diemen's Land. Many went to the new free colony of Victoria. The free settlers in towns such as Melbourne did not like the ex-convicts coming to their town. During the Victorian gold rush a lot of settlers from Van Diemen's Land (called Vandemonians) went to the Victorian gold fields, such as Ballarat, or Bendigo. +Britain stopped sending convicts to Tasmania in 1853. +The name. +Anthony Trollope used the word "Vandemonian": + "They are (the Vandemonians) united in their declaration that the cessation of the coming of convicts has been their ruin" (The Vandemonians agree that stopping the convicts from coming has made them poor) +Because the name Van Diemen's Land was seen to be tied up with convicts and it sounded like the word "demon", the citizens petitioned the name change, which was granted in 1855: effective 1 January 1856. It was called Tasmania after Abel Tasman. +The last penal settlement in Tasmania at Port Arthur finally closed in 1877. + += = = July Ultimatum = = = +The July Ultimatum was a demand issued by Austria-Hungary to the Royal Serbian Government at 6 pm on 23 July 1914, after the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. +Austria-Hungary's government did not directly accuse Serbia for the assassination but for "doing nothing to suppress" the subversive anti-Austro-Hungarian movement in Serbia which grew beyond Serbia's borders and which was responsible for acts of terrorism, assassination attempts and murders. +Serbia refused to accept one of the ten items of the ultimatum, and so Austria-Hungary mobilized their army. This, along with a chain of Alliances in Europe (Triple Entente and Central Powers) helped cause World War I. +The Ultimatum Requests. +The Ultimatum requested Serbia to pledge itself for the following: +The Russian Memorandum of Advice to Serbia. +The Russia asked Austria-Hungaria to extend the ultimatum deadline which would allow the Governments of the Great Powers to become acquainted with and to investigate the documents on the Sarajevo crime. +The Serbian Response. +The Royal Government binds itself further: + += = = List of tallest structures in Australia = = = +This is a list of the 22 tallest structures in Australia. This list has guyed masts, towers, skyscrapers and chimneys. The tallest structure in Australia is the Omega Navigational Mast Woodside in Woodside, Victoria. +Tallest under-construction buildings and structures. +This is a list of the tallest under construction buildings and structures in Australia. + += = = List of tallest buildings in Australia = = = +This is a list of the tallest buildings of Australia. +Tallest buildings in Australia. +This is a list of the 25 tallest buildings in Australia. Observation towers, radio masts, chimneys and other structures are not included. Heights are measured to the "structural height", which means to the top of spires, but not including communications spires or radio antennas. +Tallest buildings currently under construction in Australia. +This list contains the tallest buildings currently under construction in Australia. + += = = Glenrowan, Victoria = = = +Glenrowan is a small town in the northeast of Victoria, Australia. It is 184km northeast of Melbourne and 14km from Wangaratta. It is near the Warby Ranges and Mt. Glenrowan. At the 2006 census, Glenrowan had a population of 952. It used to be on the main road between Melbourne and Sydney, the Hume Highway. The new Hume Freeway now goes around the town. +History. +The first people to live in the area were the Australian Aboriginal tribal group called the Pallanganmiddang. Glenrowan was named after farmers James Hutton Rowan and George Christian Rowan who had large farms in the area between 1846 and 1858. The township was laid out and land sold in 1857. In 1862 Cobb and Co had a stopping place for changing horses on their stagecoaches. The Post Office was opened on February 22, 1870. The small town had a police station, hotels and a boot maker. +In 1873 railroad was built, and the town moved about a mile to be closer to the station. In 1876 the first school was built and Thomas Curnow was the teacher. He would become famous as the Hero of Glenrowan, the man who stopped the train. +The Siege of Glenrowan. +It is famous for the bushranger Ned Kelly, who was captured there in 1880 after a siege and shootout with police. The Kelly Gang had captured many of the people living in the town and held them hostage in a hotel. The hotel was called the Glenrowan Inn and was owned by Mrs.Ann Jones. They had pulled up the railway track hoping that the train carrying extra policemen would crash. The school teacher Thomas Curnow got out of the hotel and was able to stop the train. The police surrounded the hotel and began shooting at the bushrangers. It is estimated that 15,000 bullets were fired during the shooting. The Kelly Gang had made suits of armour to stop the bullets from hurting them. The police set fire to the hotel. Eventually Ned Kelly was shot and captured. The rest of the gang, Dan Kelly, Steve Hart and Joe Byrne were killed. +Mrs. Jones took the government to court. She wanted to be paid £1050 for the destruction of her hotel during the siege. +In May 2008, archaeologists dug up the ruins of the Glenrowan Inn to learn more about the siege and shoot out. +Today. +Glenrowan is a popular rest point for those travelling on the Hume Freeway. In the township of Glenrowan, off the highway, tourists can rest, walk and examine the famous Kelly siege sites. +Other websites. +Google Street View- Ned Kelly animated theatre + += = = List of tallest buildings in Perth = = = +This is a list of the tallest buildings in Perth, Western Australia taller than 100 metres. +Under construction, approved or proposed. +This is a list of the tallest buildings under construction, approved or proposed that are planned to be taller than 100 metres. + += = = List of tallest buildings in Adelaide = = = +Tallest completed buildings. +This is a list of the tallest buildings in Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia. Heights are measured to the structural height, which includes spires, but not communications spires or antennas. Structures that are not buildings are not included in this list. +Height: R = Roof, P = Pinnacle (top of spire or antenna) +Tallest buildings under construction, approved or proposed. +This is a list of the tallest buildings being built, approved to be built or planned that will be taller than 70 metres high. + += = = List of tallest buildings in Sydney = = = +This is a list of the tallest buildings in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Spires on top of buildings count onto its height, but antennas do not. + += = = Dromore, County Down = = = +Dromore is a small town in Northern Ireland. There are around 5000 people living in the town. It is in County Down and in the Banbridge District. Dromore is 20 miles to the south of Belfast and 86 miles north of Dublin. Some towns near Dromore are Banbridge, Lurgan and Lisburn. + += = = List of tallest buildings in Melbourne = = = +This is a list of the tallest skyscrapers and other tall buildings (also the ones being built) in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. +Built. +Height: R = Roof, P = Pinnacle (top of spire or antenna) + += = = Q1 (building) = = = +Q1 (which means Queensland number 1) is a skyscraper on the Gold Coast. It is Australia's tallest skyscraper. It used to be the world's tallest residential tower (including the spire). The building is 322.5 meters high (1,058 feet) including the spire. However without the spire, it's only 275 meters (902 feet). Only the Eureka Tower in Melbourne is taller without the spire with 300 meters.2000 + += = = Inspiration = = = +Inspiration may mean: +In business: +In music: +In film: + += = = National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum = = = +The Baseball Hall of Fame is a museum in Cooperstown, New York that shows the history of baseball and some of the most famous baseball players and other people, especially in North America. +Opening. +The Hall of Fame opened in 1939. It was started by the Clark Foundation. The Hall of Fame was started to help bring visitors to Cooperstown which had been poor for a long time. Some people tell a story that Abner Doubleday invented baseball in Cooperstown, but the story is not true. But the baseball leagues and teams decided that it did not matter, and helped make the Hall of Fame popular. +The museum has a lot of information on the history of baseball, and a lot of old baseball things, like bats, balls, and uniforms of famous baseball players or important baseball games. It also has a baseball art collection and a library. +Next to the museum is Doubleday Field, where a baseball game is played every year as part of a party about adding new people to the museum's stories. +Hall of Fame list. +When someone is "in the Hall of Fame," it means they have a story of their life in baseball shown in the museum. Every year new people are chosen to be added to the Hall of Fame. These people can be baseball players, baseball team managers, and other people who work with the game of baseball. Awards are also given for baseball sports reporters. As of 2012, there are a total of 297 people in the Hall of Fame. +Two groups pick people to add to the Hall of Fame. One group is the Baseball Writers Association of America (BBWAA). This group can pick players who have been retired from Major League Baseball for five years, and played in MLB for at least 10 years. Each member of the group writes down their 10 top choices, and anyone who is on at least three-fourths of the members' lists is added to the Hall of Fame. +The other group that chooses people to add to the Hall of Fame is called the Veterans Committee, which since 2011 has been split into three separate groups (or subcommittees). The Veterans Committee votes on people who are not eligible for the BBWAA ballot—players who have been retired for 20 or more years, managers, team and league executives, and umpires. Each of the three groups is made up of Hall of Famers, baseball executives, media members, and baseball historians, and votes on people who made their greatest contributions in a different era of baseball: +Each of these three groups votes once every three years, and they rotate in the order listed above. The Expansion Era Committee chooses from among 12 people, while the other committees choose from among 10. Each committee member can vote for four people, and anyone who gets at least three-fourths of the votes is also added to the Hall of Fame. +Disagreement and problems. +Some people did not like how the Veterans Committee picked people for the Hall of Fame. For a while, it seemed like the Committee liked to only pick people who they had worked with before. This meant some people who might have been good enough for the Hall of Fame were missed, because they never worked with the people on the Committee. The Committee was changed in 2001, but in the three times it voted, it did not choose anyone for the Hall. It was changed again for the 2008 elections; in three election cycles, it voted in two managers and three executives, but only one player. The Committee was changed yet again for the 2011 elections; so far, the new Committee has elected one executive and one player. +In 1982, some of the museum's collection of baseball items were loaned to the head of the American baseball leagues, and one of his workers sold them for money. Even though the money was paid back, it made the Hall of Fame look bad. +There are some players who are not allowed to work in baseball anymore because they broke some very important rules, but were still very good players. The Hall of Fame does not allow people who were kicked out of baseball to be in its museum, but some people do not agree with keeping some of these people out. + += = = Cooperstown, New York = = = +Cooperstown is a village in Otsego County, New York. It is in the Town of Otsego. The population was estimated to be 1,794 at the 2020 census. The Village of Cooperstown is the county seat of Otsego County. Most of the village is inside the Town of Otsego, but part is in the Town of Middlefield. The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, The Farmers' Museum, The Fenimore Art Museum, Glimmerglass Opera, and the New York State Historical Association are in Cooperstown. +History. +The Village of Cooperstown was established in 1786. It was laid out by surveyor William Ellison. The village started while still part of Montgomery County. It was incorporated (as the "Village of Otsego") on April 3, 1807. +Origin of the name. +The name was legally changed to "Village of Cooperstown" in 1812. Samuel F.B. Morse, Thurlow Weed, John A. Dix, Abner Doubleday, and Samuel Nelson had summer homes in Cooperstown. Author James Fenimore Cooper grew up in Cooperstown. He returned there in his later years to live in his family home Otsego Hall. + += = = Cooperstown (disambiguation) = = = +Cooperstown is a village in Otsego County, New York, United States. +Cooperstown may also mean: + += = = George Clinton (musician) = = = +George Clinton (born July 22, 1941) is an American musician. He was involved in funk music and created a genre called P-Funk. He also worked as a record producer for bands including Red Hot Chili Peppers. He was also part of the bands Parliament and Funkadelic during the 1970s and early 1980s. From 1981, he performed by himself as a solo artist. He has been called one of the most important innovators of funk music, next to James Brown and Sly Stone. Clinton is a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, inducted in 1997 with fifteen other members of Parliament-Funkadelic. + += = = Rick Rubin = = = +Frederick Jay "Rick" Rubin (born March 10 1963 in Long Island, New York) is an American record producer. He is currently in charge of Columbia Records. He helped merge the rap and heavy metal genres. MTV called him "the most important producer of the last 20 years." Rubin won five Grammy Awards in 2006 including "Producer Of The Year, Non-Classical". In 2007, Rubin was listed among "Time Magazine"'s 100 Most Influential People in The World. Rubin is the owner of a mansion in Los Angeles called The Mansion. Many albums he produces are recorded there. He helped produce Tom Petty's "Wildflowers" (1994). + += = = John Carew = = = +John Alieu Carew (; born 5 September 1979 in Lørenskog) is a retired Norwegian football player. He played for Aston Villa in the Premier League, wearing the number 10 shirt. He was named Norwegian Footballer of the Year. In season 2007/08, he was the top scorer of the Aston Villa with 13 goals. He played for Valencia at Adeccoligaen and Tippeligaen. He moved to Rosenborg in 1999 and scored 29 goals in the next season. He played also with Valencia, Roma, Beşiktaş, Olympique Lyonnais. +Club career statistics. +51||37 +84||20 +20||6 +24||13 +35||10 +70||27 +284||113 +International career statistics. +!Total||82||22 + += = = Dromore = = = +Dromore is the name of several villages: + += = = Dromore West = = = +Dromore West () is a village in County Sligo, Republic of Ireland. About 300 people live there. It is on the N59 road about halfway between Sligo and Ballina. +Dromore West is on the Dunneil River. It is between the Ox Mountains and the Atlantic coast. There are four public houses. There are also two shops, a chemist, a Chinese take away, a butchers, a post office and florist. + += = = Dromore, County Tyrone = = = +Dromore ("Droim Mór", meaning "Big Ridge", in Irish) is a village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is nine miles (15 km) southwest of Omagh on the A32 road and sixteen miles (26 km) from Enniskillen. The village had a population of 1,101 in 2001. Agriculture and the building trades are the primary sources of employment in the town. It is in the Omagh District Council area. + += = = Ernest Lawrence = = = +Ernest Orlando Lawrence (August 8, 1901 – August 27, 1958) was an American physicist. he was born in South Dakota. He helped invent the nuclear bomb during World War II. Lawrence won the Nobel prize for physics in 1939. His work was important in the science of nuclear physics. He worked out a way of measuring the mass of an electron, part of an atom. + += = = Melodic death metal = = = +Melodic death metal is a form of death metal music, which is itself a style of heavy metal. Melodic death metal is a lot like death metal but, as the name suggests, it is more melodic. Melodic death metal bands may use normal singing some times, where death metal bands nearly always use growling. Melodic death metal lyrics are also different to death metal lyrics. Death metal lyrics focus on death, war, murder and gore where melodic death metal focuses more on philosophy, religion and other less violent topics. Starting in the town of Gothenburg in Sweden it is sometimes referred to as the "Gothenburg Sound" +Melodic death metal started in Scandinavia, in countries such as Sweden and Norway. Many early melodic death metal bands wanted to mix the fast, brutal songs of death metal with the dual guitar harmonies and melodies of heavy metal bands such as Iron Maiden and Saxon. +Famous melodic death metal bands include In Flames, a Swedish band formed by Jesper Strombald, and Dark Tranquillity, one of the oldest and highly listened to bands in the genre. + += = = Adam Levine = = = +Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is the lead singer of American pop rock band Maroon 5. He is also a songwriter, guitarist, and a coach on the NBC show "The Voice". +Levine has a tenor/countertenor vocal range. He has also been noted for his falsettos. +In 2013, Levine was chosen by "People" magazine as the Sexiest Man Alive. +Levine has attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. +He married Victoria's Secret model Behati Prinsloo on July 19, 2014, in Mexico. Their first daughter, Dusty Rose Levine, was born on September 21, 2016. Gio Grace Levine, their second daughter, was born February 15, 2018. In September 2022, it was announced that Levine and Prinsloo are expecting their third child. +Discography. +Albums +Singles + += = = Tjako van Schie = = = +Tjako van Schie (born 17 April 1961 in Coevorden) is a pianist and composer from the Netherlands. At the Amsterdam Conservatory he is a professor. Even in China, Van Schie played piano but he teaches in Holland and Portugal. Van Schie was educated in Zwolle by pianist Ben Smits and a student of New York pianist Jacob Lateiner. He lived for a long time in Overijssel but is living in Drenthe nowadays, both provinces of the Netherlands. + += = = Slipknot (album) = = = +Slipknot is the first album by nu metal band Slipknot. The album was released in the year 1999. The album is one hour and twenty nine seconds long. Singles include "Wait and Bleed" and "Spit It Out". + += = = Iowa (Slipknot album) = = = +Iowa is the second studio album by American heavy metal band Slipknot. It was released on August 28, 2001. The producers were Ross Robinson and the band itself. The album's title came from the band's home state Iowa. Singles include "Left Behind" and "My Plague". The Album is considered Nu Metal with Elements of Death Metal and Alternative Metal. + += = = Gwynt y Môr Wind Farm = = = +Gwynt y Môr (Welsh: meaning "sea wind") is a 576 MW offshore wind farm off the coast of North Wales. Permission for the project was given on 3 December 2008, and building began in 2012. The wind farm started working in June 2015. It will be Wales' largest wind farm. +The wind farm is near the existing North Hoyle offshore wind farm and the Rhyl Flats offshore wind farm. All of these projects are owned by RWE npower. + += = = Clyde Wind Farm = = = +The Clyde Wind Farm is a proposed 548 megawatt (MW) wind farm in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. When completed, it will be Europe's largest onshore wind farm. The 152-turbine project by Scottish and Southern Energy, which was approved by the Scottish Parliament in July 2008, capable of powering 320,000 homes, and will be larger than the 322 MW Whitelee Wind Farm near Glasgow. Turbines will be built either side of the M74 motorway. +Construction of the wind farm, which will cost £600 million, is expected to finish in 2011. + += = = All Hope Is Gone = = = +All Hope Is Gone is the fourth studio album by American metal band Slipknot. "All Hope Is Gone" was released on August 20, 2008. The album was released through Roadrunner Records. The album featured the singles "Psychosocial" and "All Hope Is Gone". + += = = Tomis Team Dobrogea Wind Farm = = = +The Tomis Team Dobrogea Wind Farm is a wind farm under construction in the Dobrogea region of Romania. It will consist of an individual wind farm with 300 individual wind turbines with a nominal output of around 2 MW which will deliver up to 600 MW of power, enough to power over 393,000 homes, with a capital investment required of approximately US$ 750 million. + += = = Markbygden Wind Farm = = = +Markbygden Wind Farm will be a series of interconnected wind farms in the Markbygden area of northern Sweden, covering some 450 square kilometres. The project will be built by 2025, and will have a capacity of up to 4 GW. There will be 1,101 wind turbines. Enercon has a share in the project and will build a wind tower production plant in the region, as well as a local office for service and maintenance. +Markbygden Wind Farm is the biggest wind farm in Europe. + += = = Sirius Black = = = +Sirius Black is a fictional character in J. K. Rowling's "Harry Potter" series, played by Gary Oldman. Black, also known as Padfoot or Snuffles (in his Animagus form) was a pure-blood wizard. He was born on 3rd November, 1959 and is the eldest son of Orion and Walburga Black. He is heir of the Ancient and Noble house of Black and brother to Regulus. His cousin's are Bellatrix Lestrange (née Black), Andromeda Tonks (née Black) and Narcissa Malfoy (née Black). He was Harry Potter's godfather. He was best friends with James Potter, along with Remus Lupin and Peter Pettigrew. These four were known as the Marauders in their school days, and created the Marauder's Map. +He, along with his three friends, belonged to Gryffindor house when at Hogwarts, unlike the rest of his family, who had belonged to the house of Slytherin. He did not like his family, and ran away from home to James Potter's house when he was 16. The Potters took Sirius in as their own son. His prized possession during childhood was his flying motorbike. +Sirius was an animagus and was able to transform into a big black dog, (a Grim) which is an omen of death, at will. He, along with James Potter and Peter Pettigrew became Animagus to help Remus Lupin with his transformations. He was the first wizard to escape Azkaban prison, after being kept there twelve years for a crime that he did not commit. The betrayal of James and Lily Potter, the murder of Peter Pettigrew and 12 muggles with an unknown curse. Harry found out, after a year of believing otherwise, that Sirius was an innocent man, and helped him evade capture from the Ministry of Magic. Sirius went on the run before returning to his (empty) childhood home, 12 Grimmauld Place, and offered it up as headquarters for the Order of the Phoenix upon Voldemort's return. He was killed in a battle at the Ministry of Magic by his cousin, a Death Eater, Bellatrix Lestrange in Harry's (his Godson's)5th year at Hogwarts. He returned during Harry's 7th year along with James, Lily and Remus, after being resurrected with the help of the Resurrection stone in a hazy form. +He was the only remaining “true” heir of the House of Black. 12 Grimmauld Place was gifted to Harry Potter, Sirius’ godson. In which case, Harry or Draco Malfoy (related to the House of Black through his mother Narcissa) would’ve likely inherited the title of Head of House. Possibly even Andromeda Tonks or her grandson, Edward “Teddy” Remus Lupin. +As he has said before, "almost all pure-bloods are somehow related, and he’s no exception". He’s related to the Weasleys by way of Cedrella Weasley (née Black), whom married Septimus Weasley. Together they're the paternal grandparents of the Weasley children. He’s related to the Malfoys through Narcissa Malfoy (née Black) who married into the Malfoy family, and is Sirius’ cousin. He’s even related to his godson, Harry Potter, through Dorea Potter (née Black) who is a distant relative to Harry and James Potter. +He is named after the dog star, Sirius,and his brother Regulus after a star in the constellation Leo. This may be connected to Griffindor, or to Draco Malfoy naming his son Scorpius. Maybe pure bloods are often named after stars? + += = = Music festival = = = +A music festival is a festival where music is played. Music festivals are usually outside, and often have other attractions such as food, games, and other forms of entertainment. They sometimes have a theme such as genre or nationality. Many festivals happen every year, or at some other common interval. However, some only happen once. A music festival can be held for profit or for charity. + += = = Billboard Hot 100 = = = +The "Billboard" Hot 100 is a list of the current most popular music made by "Billboard" magazine. Rankings are based on radio play and sales; the tracking week for sales is each Monday to Sunday, while for radio play it is Wednesday to Tuesday. A new chart is made and officially released to the public by "Billboard" on Thursday. Each chart is dated with the "week-ending" date of the Saturday two weeks after. Example: +The first number one song of the Hot 100 was "Poor Little Fool" by Ricky Nelson on August 4, 1958. As of the issue for the week ending April 9, 2023, the Hot 100 has had 1,143 different number-one hits. +History. +What has always been known as the Hot 100 existed for nearly 15 years as numerous charts, tracking and ranking the most popular singles of the day in several areas. During the 1940s and 1950s, popular singles were ranked in three significant charts: +Although officially all three charts had equal importance, many chart historians refer to the "Best Sellers In Stores" chart when referring to a song’s performance before the Hot 100. "Billboard" eventually created a fourth singles popularity chart that combined all aspects of a single’s performance (sales, airplay and jukebox activity), based on a point system that typically gave sales (purchases) more weight than radio airplay. On the week ending November 12, 1955, "Billboard" published The Top 100 for the first time. The "Best Sellers In Stores", "Most Played By Jockeys" and "Most Played In Jukeboxes" charts continued to be published at the same time as the new "Top 100" chart. +On June 17, 1957, "Billboard" stopped the "Most Played In Jukeboxes" chart, as the popularity of jukeboxes was less and radio stations incorporated more and more rock-oriented music into their play lists. The week ending July 28, 1958 was the final publication of the "Most Played By Jockeys" and "Top 100" charts, both of which had Perez Prado's instrumental version of "Patricia" ascending to the top. +On August 4, 1958, "Billboard" started one main all-genre singles chart: the Hot 100. Although similar to the "Top 100", the first Hot 100 chart reset all songs’ "weeks on chart" status to "1". The Hot 100 quickly became the industry standard and "Billboard" stopped the "Best Sellers In Stores" chart on October 13, 1958. +The "Billboard" Hot 100 is still the standard by which a song’s popularity is measured in the United States. The Hot 100 is ranked by radio airplay audience impressions as measured by Nielsen BDS, sales data compiled by Nielsen Soundscan (both at retail and digitally) and streaming activity provided by online music sources. +There are several component charts that contribute to the overall calculation of the Hot 100. The most significant ones are shown below. +Policy changes. +The methods and policies for obtaining and compiling data changed many times throughout the chart’s history. +The advent of a music single song chart started chart historians and chart-watchers and greatly affected pop culture and produced countless bits of trivia. The main purpose of the Hot 100 is to aid those "within the music industry" – to reflect the popularity of the "product" (the singles, the albums, etc.) and to track the trends of the buying public. "Billboard" has many times changed its methodology and policies to better reflect what is popular. +A basic example is the weight given to sales versus airplay. Singles were the leading way by which people bought music. When singles sales were robust, more weight was given to a song’s retail points than to its radio airplay. In later decades, the recording industry concentrated more on album sales and musicians eventually released more full-length albums than singles, and by the 1990s many record companies stopped releasing singles (see "Album Cuts", below). Eventually a song’s airplay points were weighted more than its sales. "Billboard" adjusted the sales/airplay ratio many times to more accurately reflect the true popularity of songs. +Double-sided singles. +"Billboard" also changed its Hot 100 policy for “two-sided singles” several times. The pre-Hot 100 chart "Best Sellers in Stores" listed popular A- and-B-sides together, with the side that was played most often (based on its other charts) listed first. One of the most notable of these, but far from the only one, was Elvis Presley’s "Don’t Be Cruel" / "Hound Dog." During the Presley single’s chart run, top billing was switched back and forth between the two sides several times. But on the concurrent "Most Played in Juke Boxes," "Most Played by Jockeys" and the "Top 100," the two songs were listed separately, as was true of all songs. With the Hot 100 in 1958, A- and-B-sides charted separately, as they had on the former Top 100. +Starting with the Hot 100 chart for the week ending November 29, 1969, this rule was altered; if both sides received significant airplay, they were listed together. This started to become a moot point by 1972, as most major record labels solidified a trend they had started in the 1960s by putting the same song on both sides of the singles it serviced to radio. +More complex issues began to arise as the typical A-and-B-side format of singles gave way to 12 inch singles and maxi-singles, many of which contained more than one B-side. Further problems arose when, in several cases, a B-side would eventually overtake the A-side in popularity, thus prompting record labels to release a new single, featuring the former B-side as the A-side, along with a "new" B-side. +The inclusion of album cuts on the Hot 100 put the double-sided hit issues to rest permanently. +Album cuts. +A longstanding policy of the Hot 100 chart was that songs must be sold as a single. However, during the 1990s major record labels claimed that singles reduced album sales, so they were phased out. They increasingly promoted songs to radio without releasing them as singles. Labels often held off a single from release until airplay peaked, thus prompting a high debut. Often, a label deleted a single from its catalog after only one week, thus allowing the song to enter the Hot 100, make a high debut and then decline in position as the one-time production of the retail single sold out. Accusations were made that these practices manipulated the charts. +Several popular hits were never listed on the Hot 100 chart, or charted well after their airplay declined. During the period when they were not released as singles, the songs were not eligible to chart. Many of these songs dominated the "Hot 100 Airplay" chart for long periods: +In response to debate, conflicts and requests by the music artists and insiders, "Billboard" included airplay-only singles (or "album cuts") in the Hot 100. On December 5, 1998, the Hot 100 changed from being a "singles" chart to a "songs" chart. +EPs. +Extended play (EP) releases were listed by "Billboard" on the Hot 100 and in pre-Hot 100 charts ("Top 100") until the mid-to-late 1960s. With the growing popularity of albums, it was decided to move EPs (which typically contain four to six tracks) from the Hot 100 to the Billboard 200, where they are included to this day. +Paid digital downloads. +Since February 12, 2005, the "Billboard" Hot 100 includes paid digital downloads from such internet services as iTunes, Napster, Musicmatch, and Rhapsody. With paid digital downloads added to the airplay/sales formula of the Hot 100, many songs benefited on the charts from the change. "Billboard" initially started tracking downloads in 2003 with the "Hot Digital Tracks" chart. However, these downloads did not count towards the Hot 100 and that chart (as opposed to "Hot Digital Songs") counted each version of a song separately (the chart still exists today along with "Hot Digital Songs"). This is the first major overhaul of the Hot 100's chart formula since December 1998. +The change in formula has shaken up the chart considerably, with some songs debuting on the chart strictly with robust online sales and others making drastic leaps. In recent years, several songs have been able to achieve 80-to-90 position jumps in a single week as their digital components were made available at online music stores. Since 2006, the all-time record for the biggest single-week upward movement was broken nine times. +In the issue dated August 11, 2007, "Billboard" began incorporating weekly data from Streaming media and On-demand services into the Hot 100. The first two major companies to provide their statistics to Nielsen BDS on a weekly basis are AOL Music and Yahoo! Music. +Remixes. +A growing trend in the early first decade of the 21st century was to issue a song as a "remix" that was so drastically different in structure and lyrical content from its original version that it was essentially a whole new song. Under normal circumstances, airplay points from a song’s album version, "radio" mix and/or dance music remix, etc. were all combined and factored into the song’s performance on the Hot 100, as the structure, lyrics and melody were the same. Criticisms began when songs were being completely re-recorded to the point that they were not like the original recording. The first such example of this scenario is Jennifer Lopez’ "I'm Real". Originally entering the Hot 100 in its album version, a "remix" was issued in the midst of its chart run that featured rapper Ja Rule. This new version proved to be far more popular than the album version and the track was propelled to number one. +To address this issue, "Billboard" now separates airplay points from a song’s original version and its remix, if the remix is determined to be a "new song". Since administering this new chart rule, several songs have charted twice, normally called "Part 1" and "Part 2". The remix rule is still in place. +Recurrents. +"Billboard", in an effort to allow the chart to remain as current as possible and to give proper representation to new and developing artists and tracks, has (since 1991) removed titles that have reached certain criteria regarding its current rank and number of weeks on the chart. Recurrent criteria have been modified several times and currently (as of 2010), a song is permanently moved to "recurrent status" if it has spent 20 weeks on the Hot 100 and fallen below position number 50. Exceptions are made to re-releases and sudden resurgence in popularity of tracks that have taken a very long time to gain mainstream success. These rare cases are handled on a case-by-case basis and ultimately determined by "Billboard"’s chart managers and staff. +The most notable exception to the recurrent entry policy applies to holiday-themed releases, which are commonly reissued year after year in anticipation of Christmas purchasing. After its initial chart run, a holiday entry cannot re-enter the Hot 100 in subsequent years. +Year-end charts. +"Billboard"'s "chart year" runs from the first week of December to the final week in November. This altered calendar allows for "Billboard" to calculate year-end charts and release them in time for its final print issue on the last week of December. Before Nielsen SoundScan, year-end singles charts were calculated by an inverse-point system based solely on a song’s performance on the Hot 100 (for example, a song would be given one point for a week spent at position 100, two points for a week spent at position ninety-nine and so forth, up to 100 points for each week spent at number one). Other factors including the total weeks a song spent on the chart and at its peak position were calculated into its year-end total. +After "Billboard" began obtaining sales and airplay information from Nielsen SoundScan, the year-end charts are now calculated by a very straightforward cumulative total of yearlong sales and airplay points. This gives a more accurate picture of any given year’s most popular tracks, as a song that hypothetically spent nine weeks at number one in March could possibly have earned fewer cumulative points than a song that spent six weeks at number three in January. Songs at the peak of their popularity at the time of the November/December chart-year cutoff many times end up ranked on the following year's chart as well, as their cumulative points are split between the two chart-years, but often are ranked lower than they would have been had the peak occurred in a single year. +Limitations. +The limitations of the Hot 100 have become more pronounced over time. Since the Hot 100 was based on singles sales, as singles have themselves become a less common form of song release, the Hot 100's data represented a narrowing segment of sales until the December 1998 change in the ranking formula. +Few music historians believe that the Hot 100 has been a perfectly accurate gauge of the most popular songs for each week or year. For example, during the 1950s and 1960s, payola and other problems skewed the numbers in largely undetectable ways. +The history of popular music shows nearly as many remarkable failures to chart as it does impressive charting histories. Certain artists (such as Pink Floyd and Led Zeppelin) had tremendous album sales while being out of the weekly singles charts. Business changes in the industry also affect artists' statistical "records." Single releases were more frequent and steady, and were expected to have much shorter shelf lives in earlier decades, making direct historical comparisons difficult. Of the sixteen singles to top the Billboard chart for more than ten weeks since 1955, just one was released before 1992. During the first forty years of the rock era, no song had ever debuted at number one; since a 1995 change in methodology, nineteen songs have. +Strategizing also plays a role. Numerous artists have taken deliberate steps to maximize their chart positions by such tactics as timing a single's debut to face the weakest possible competition, or massively discounting the price of singles to the point where each individual sale represented a financial loss. Meanwhile, other artists would deliberately withhold even their most marketable songs in order to boost album sales. Particularly in the 1990s, many of the most heavily played MTV and radio hits were unavailable for separate purchase. Because of such countervailing strategies, it cannot be said that a Hot 100 chart necessarily lists the country's 100 most popular or successful songs. Strategies like these were the main reason behind the December 1998 change in the charts. +Some critics have argued that an overemphasis on a limited number of singles has distorted record industry development efforts, and there are nearly as many critics of the Hot 100 as there are supporters. Certain of these criticisms, however, are becoming less as digital downloads have revitalized the concept of “singles sales.” +The "Billboard" charts have endured as the only widely circulated published report on songs that have been popular across the United States over the last half-century. Competing publications such as "Cash Box", "Record World", "Radio & Records" and most recently "Mediabase" have offered alternate charts, which sometimes differed widely. +Use in media. +The Hot 100 served for many years as the data source for the weekly radio countdown show "American Top 40". This relationship ended on November 30, 1991, as "American Top 40" started using the airplay-only side of the Hot 100 (then called Top 40 Radio Monitor). The ongoing splintering of Top 40 radio in the early 1990s led stations to lean into specific formats, meaning that practically no station would play the wide array of genres that typically composed each weekly Hot 100 chart. +Similar charts. +A new chart, the Pop 100, was created by "Billboard" in February 2005 to answer criticism that the Hot 100 was biased in favor of rhythmic songs, as throughout most of its existence, the Hot 100 was seen predominantly as a pop chart. It was stopped in June 2009 due to the charts becoming increasingly similar. +The Canadian Hot 100 was launched June 16, 2007. Like the Hot 100 chart, it uses sales and airplay tracking compiled by Nielsen SoundScan and BDS. +The Japan Hot 100 was launched in the issue dated May 31, 2008, using the same methodologies as the Hot 100 charts for the U.S. and Canada, utilizing sales and airplay data from SoundScan Japan and radio tracking service Plantech. + += = = Last.fm = = = +Last.fm is a music website from the UK. It started in 2002. It provides Internet radio, and a community for music discussion. It has more than 19 million users. + += = = List of tallest buildings in Brisbane = = = +This is a list of the tallest buildings in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. +Brisbane has more than 50 skyscrapers more than 100 metres tall, the third most of any city in Oceania (after Sydney and Melbourne). At 243 metres tall, Soleil is the tallest building in Brisbane, but in 2012 the 249 metre Infinity, which is now being built will become taller. +Tallest buildings. +This is a list of Brisbane's tallest completed and topped out buildings in 2011. Structures are not included. Official heights are ranked by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, and include spires but exclude communications masts and spires. +Buildings being built and to be built soon. +This is a list of buildings currently under construction or proposed that are planned to reach 100 metres in height. + += = = Worcestershire sauce = = = +Worcestershire sauce (spoken like ˈwʊstəˌʃɪə or WUSS-ter-SHERR) is a widely-used fermented sauce. It was first made at 68 Broad Street, Worcester, by the company Lea & Perrins in the 1830s. It was made for selling to people in 1837, and is still the only Worcestershire sauce still to be made in the UK. In 1930 the company was sold to HP Foods and was later sold to the H.J. Heinz Company from Groupe Danone in 2005. +The sauce is made ready to sell in the Midlands Road factory in Worcester, which is the home of Lea & Perrins since 16 October 1897. +The H. J. Heinz Company, which now makes "The Original Lea & Perrins Worcestershire Sauce", with the name Lea & Perrins, Inc., lists these ingredients on the bottle made in the United States: vinegar, molasses, high fructose corn syrup, anchovies, water, onions, salt, garlic, tamarind concentrate, cloves, natural flavorings and chili pepper extract. +The ingredients of a bottle of Worcestershire sauce from England sold under the name "The Original & Genuine Lea & Perrins Worcestershire Sauce" by Lea & Perrins, Limited, lists the following ingredients: malt vinegar (from barley), spirit vinegar, molasses, sugar, salt, anchovies, tamarind extract, onions, garlic, spice and flavouring. +The sauce is used to make many dishes, both cooked and uncooked, and often with beef; drinks such as the Bloody Mary also use it. Lea & Perrins also makes it in concentrated form that is made ready to sell in other countries. +Worcestershire sauce is called Worcester sauce in South Africa and some parts of the US as; (), or spoken like Woo-ster sauce. +The "Worcestershire sauce" is one of many food products that were made because of Britain ruling India. + += = = Indian massacre of 1622 = = = +The Indian massacre of 1622 (also known as the Jamestown Massacre) was an event where around 347 people were killed in the Virginia Colony of North America on Good Friday, March 22, 1622. The number killed, 347, was almost one-third of the English population of Jamestown. They were killed by a number of surprise attacks by the Powhatan Confederacy (a Native American tribe), who were ruled by Chief Opechancanough. + += = = Fluxbox = = = +In Unix computing, Fluxbox is an X window manager based on Blackbox 0.61.1. It tries to be lightweight and customizable, and has very little support for graphical icons. Its user interface has only a taskbar and a menu that can be used by right-clicking on the desktop. All basic settings are controlled by text files. +Fluxbox can show some eye candy such as: colors, gradients, borders, and several other basic appearance settings can be changed. Effects managers such as Xcompmgr and transset-df can add true transparency to desktop elements and windows. Enhancements can also be provided by using iDesk or fbdesk , or the ROX Desktop. +Fluxbox also has several features Blackbox does not have, including tabbed windows and a configurable titlebar. +Because of its small memory use and quick loading time, Fluxbox is popular in many Live CDs such as Knoppix STD and GParted. It was the default window manager of Damn Small Linux, but was replaced with JWM after the release of Damn Small Linux 4.0. It is currently the default window manager of antiX , a linux distribution based on MEPIS and designed for old computers, PCFluxboxOS, a remaster of PCLinuxOS, and LinguasOS, a Live CD distribution for professional translators. Fluxbuntu, Ubuntu with Fluxbox and lightweight applications, was released in October 2007. + += = = Damn Small Linux = = = +Damn Small Linux or DSL is a free operating system for the x86 family of personal computers. It was designed to run graphical applications on older PC hardware—for example, machines with 486/early Pentium processors and very little memory. DSL is a Live CD with a size of 50 MB. What originally started as an experiment to see how much software could fit in 50 MB eventually became a full-fledged Linux distribution. It can be installed on storage media with small capacities, like bootable business cards, USB flash drives, various memory cards, and Zip drives. +History. +DSL was originally conceived and maintained by John Andrews. The community now includes Robert Shingledecker, who created the MyDSL system, DSL Control Panel, and other features. +DSL was originally based on Model-K, a 22 MB stripped-down version of Knoppix, but soon after was based on Knoppix proper, allowing much easier remastering and improvements. +System requirements. +DSL supports only x86 PCs. The minimum system requirements are a 486 processor and 8 MB of RAM. DSL has been demonstrated browsing the web with Dillo, running simple games and playing music on systems with a 486 processor and 16 MB of RAM. The system requirements are higher for running Mozilla Firefox and optional add-ons such as the OpenOffice.org office suite. +Features. +The current version of DSL is 4.4.5, released September 3, 2008. DSL currently includes the following software: +DSL has built-in scripts to download and install Advanced Packaging Tool (APT). Once APT is enabled, the user can install packages from Debian's 'Woody' repository. Additionally, DSL hosts software ranging from large applications like OpenOffice.org and GCC, to smaller ones such as aMSN, by means of the "MyDSL" system, which allows convenient one-click download and installation of software. Files hosted on MyDSL are called "extensions". As of June 2008, the MyDSL servers were hosting over 900 applications, plugins, and other extensions. +The MyDSL system. +MyDSL is handled and maintained mostly by Robert Shingledecker and hosted by many organizations, such as ibiblio and Belgium's BELNET. There are 2 areas of MyDSL - regular and "testing". The regular area contains extensions that have been proven stable enough for everyday use and is broken down into different areas such as "apps", "net", "system", and "uci" ("Universal Compressed ISO" - Extensions in .uci format are mounted as a separate filesystem to minimize RAM usage). The "testing" area is for newly submitted extensions that theoretically work 'as advertised', but may have any number of bugs. +Versions and ports. +The standard flavour of DSL is the Live CD. There are also other versions available. +Live USB. +A Live USB of Damn Small Linux can be created manually or with UNetbootin. + += = = Swamp blues = = = +Swamp blues is a type of blues music. It is based on the Louisiana blues, but has a more laid back and relaxed feel. +Swamp blues is often linked to J. D. "Jay" Miller's, recording studio in Crowley, Louisiana. Miller released lots of swamp blues recordings on his own labels, as well as on more well known labels. Showing the impact of Swamp Blues on other music, the Rolling Stones played a version of Slim Harpo's "I'm a King Bee," and Neil Young recorded Slim Harpo's "Rainin' In My Heart." + += = = Book of Odes (Bible) = = = +Odes () is a book of the Bible that is only found in Eastern Orthodox Bibles. The chapters are prayers and songs from the Old and New Testaments. +Chapters of this book as presented by Rahlfs are: + += = = 1975–76 NHL season = = = +The 1975–76 NHL season was the 59th season of the National Hockey League. Eighteen teams each played 80 games. The Montreal Canadiens set records in wins with 58 and points with 127, beginning a four-year stretch where they would dominate the league in the regular season and win four straight Stanley Cup titles. +Regular season. +Final standings. +"Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes" +<br> +"Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold" +Scoring leaders. +"Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points" +Stanley Cup playoffs. +Finals. +The two-time defending Stanley Cup Champions, the Philadelphia Flyers, once again made it to the finals, but lost in four games to the Montreal Canadiens. +Montreal Canadiens vs. Philadelphia Flyers + += = = Communes of the Mayenne department = = = +There are 261 communes in the Mayenne department in France, all included in the following list: + += = = Ahuillé = = = +Ahuillé is a commune of 1662 people (2006). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Alexain = = = +Alexain is a commune of 402 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Ambrières-les-Vallées = = = +Ambrières-les-Vallées is a commune of 2,903 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Ampoigné = = = +Ampoigné is a former commune of 421 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Prée-d'Anjou. + += = = Andouillé = = = +Andouillé is a commune of 2,310 people (2006). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. It is twinned with the village of Farnsfield, Nottinghamshire. + += = = Argenton-Notre-Dame = = = +Argenton-Notre-Dame is a former commune of 181 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Bierné-les-Villages. + += = = Argentré = = = +Argentré is a commune of 2487 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Aron, Mayenne = = = +Aron is a commune of 1550 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Arquenay = = = +Arquenay is a commune of 508 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Assé-le-Bérenger = = = +Assé-le-Bérenger is a commune of 329 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Astillé = = = +Astillé is a commune of 547 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Athée, Mayenne = = = +Athée is a commune of 488 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Averton = = = +Averton is a commune of 601 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Azé, Mayenne = = = +Azé is a former commune of 2,999 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Château-Gontier-sur-Mayenne. + += = = La Baconnière = = = +La Baconnière is a commune of 1,194 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Bais, Mayenne = = = +Bais is a commune of 1487 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Ballée = = = +Ballée is a former commune of 719 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Val-du-Maine. + += = = Ballots, Mayenne = = = +Ballots is a commune of 1036 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Bannes, Mayenne = = = +Bannes is a commune of 118 people (1999). It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = La Bazoge-Montpinçon = = = +La Bazoge-Montpinçon is a commune of 525 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = La Bazouge-de-Chemeré = = = +La Bazouge-de-Chemeré is a commune of 504 people (2006). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = La Bazouge-des-Alleux = = = +La Bazouge-des-Alleux is a commune of 262 people (1999). It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Bazougers = = = +Bazougers is a commune of 933 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Beaulieu-sur-Oudon = = = +Beaulieu-sur-Oudon is a commune of 401 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Beaumont-Pied-de-Bœuf, Mayenne = = = +Beaumont-Pied-de-Bœuf is a commune of 198 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Belgeard = = = +Belgeard is a commune of 335 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Bierné = = = +Bierné is a former commune of 665 people (2005). It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Bierné-les-Villages. + += = = Le Bignon-du-Maine = = = +Le Bignon-du-Maine is a commune in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in northwest France. In 1999, 304 people lived in it. + += = = La Bigottière = = = +La Bigottière is a commune of 331 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Blandouet = = = +Blandouet is a former commune of 157 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Blandouet-Saint Jean. + += = = La Boissière, Mayenne = = = +La Boissière is a commune of 111 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Bonchamp-lès-Laval = = = +Bonchamp-lès-Laval is a commune of 5232 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Bouchamps-lès-Craon = = = +Bouchamps-lès-Craon is a commune of 514 people (1999). It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. +In its territory flows the Jouanne river. + += = = Bouère = = = +Bouère is a commune of 321 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Bouessay = = = +Bouessay is a commune of 563 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Boulay-les-Ifs = = = +Boulay-les-Ifs is a commune of 168 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Le Bourgneuf-la-Forêt = = = +Le Bourgneuf-la-Forêt is a commune of 1537 people (1999). It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Bourgon = = = +Bourgon is a commune of 587 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Brains-sur-les-Marches = = = +Brains-sur-les-Marches is a commune of 229 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Brecé = = = +Brecé is a commune of 830 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Tinker Bell (movie) = = = +Tinker Bell is a Disney movie based on the character from "Peter Pan". It was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on October 28, 2008. Unlike the other two Disney movies of Peter Pan, this movie was animated completely using computer animation. This was also the first time that the Disney version of Tinker Bell talked. The original name of the movie was "Tinker Bell and the Ring of Belief". +The movie was directed by Bradley Raymond. +Soundtrack. +The movie's soundtrack was released on October 14, 2008, a week before the DVD release and contains songs from and inspired by the movie. +Video game. +Disney Fairies: Tinker Bell is an adventure game loosely based on the movie. +Release. +In April 2008, Disney announced that the movie will be released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on October 28, 2008. Contrary to the previous announcement of the suspension of direct-to-video sequels, they also announced three direct-to-DVD sequels to follow this movie, also digitally animated: +The movie saw an exclusive theatrical release at the El Capitan Theatre between September 19 and October 2nd. It was also premiered on Disney Channel in November as part of "New in November." + += = = Woolfardisworthy, Torridge = = = +Woolfardisworthy is a village in the Torridge district in the English county of Devon. +The name of the village is a local curiosity, as its pronunciation (and occasional spelling) differs to how one may try to pronounce it. On local signs, the village is sometimes marked as Woolsery alongside the original name. This is due to the pronunciation of the village's name being /ˈwʊlzərɨ/ ("Woolz'ry"). +There is another (smaller) village of the same name in the Mid Devon district. + += = = Guadalcanal campaign = = = +The Guadalcanal Campaign was fought between August 7, 1942, and February 9, 1943, in the Pacific theatre of World War II. This campaign, which was a decisive and strategically important campaign of World War II, was fought on the ground, at sea, and in the air between Allied forces against Imperial Japanese forces. The fighting took place on and around the island of Guadalcanal in the southern Solomon Islands, and was the first major offensive launched by Allied forces against the Empire of Japan. +On August 7, 1942, Allied forces, mainly from the United States, started landings on the islands of Guadalcanal, Tulagi, and Florida in the southern Solomons with the aim to make supply routes between the U.S., Australia, and New Zealand safer. +The Battle of Guadalcanal was one of the first long campaigns in the Pacific. +Background. +Strategic considerations. +On 7 December 1941, Japanese forces attacked the neutral United States Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The attack killed almost 2,500 people and damaged much of the US battleship fleet, starting a war between the two nations next day. The initial goals of Japanese leaders were to destroy the US Navy, seize lands rich in natural resources, and establish strategic military bases to defend Japan's empire in the Pacific Ocean and Asia. To do this, Japanese forces captured the Philippines, Thailand, Malaya, Singapore, Burma, the Dutch East Indies, and many small islands. Joining the U.S. in the war against Japan were the rest of the Allied powers, several of whom, including the United Kingdom, Australia and the Netherlands had also been attacked by Japan. +The naval battle of the Coral Sea prevented a quick Japanese conquest of Australia and the Battle of Midway reduced Japan's carrier forces. +The Allies chose the southern Solomon Islands including Guadalcanal, as the first target. The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) had occupied Tulagi in May 1942 and had constructed a seaplane base nearby. Allied concern grew when, in early July 1942, the IJN began constructing a large airfield at Lunga Point on Guadalcanal. From there, Japanese long range bombers would threaten the East Coast of Australia. By August 1942, the Japanese had about 900 naval troops on Tulagi and nearby islands and 2,800 people on Guadalcanal. These bases would protect Japan's major base at Rabaul, threaten Allied supply and communication lines and establish base for attacks against Fiji, New Caledonia and Samoa. +The Japanese planned to send 45 fighters and 60 bombers to Guadalcanal. In 1942 these aircraft could provide air cover for Japanese naval forces advancing into the South Pacific. +The Allied plan to invade the southern Solomons was thought of by U.S. Admiral Ernest King, Commander in Chief, United States Fleet. He wanted to take the islands away from the Japanese. With Roosevelt's agreement, King also wanted to invade Guadalcanal. Because the United States supported Great Britain's idea of defeating Germany before Japan, the Pacific war had to compete for troops and resources with the European war. +Therefore US Army General George C. Marshall was against King's proposed attacks and asked who would command the operation. King replied that the Navy and Marines would do it themselves and instructed Admiral Chester Nimitz to plan the attacks. King won the argument with Marshall and the invasion went ahead. +The Guadalcanal attack would be carried out in at the same time as an Allied offensive in New Guinea under Douglas MacArthur. The goal was to capture the Admiralty Islands and the Bismarck Archipelago, including the major Japanese base at Rabaul. Eventually they would take the Philippines. The U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff put Vice Admiral Robert L. Ghormley in command on 19 June 1942, to direct the attack in the Solomons. +Admiral Chester Nimitz, based at Pearl Harbor, was the overall Allied commander in chief for Pacific forces. +Task force. +In preparation for the attack in the Pacific in May 1942, the U.S. 1st Marine Division moved from the United States to New Zealand. Other Allied land, naval and air force units were sent to other Pacific islands. The attack was codenamed "Operation Watchtower", with the date set for 7 August 1942. +At first, the attacks were planned just for Tulagi and the Santa Cruz Islands, and not Guadalcanal. When the Allies discovered the Japanese airfield on Guadalcanal, its capture was added to the plan and the Santa Cruz operation was dropped. The Japanese knew Allied forces were moving but thought they were going to Australia and perhaps Port Moresby in New Guinea. +The "Watchtower" force, numbering 75 warships and transports (of vessels from the U.S. and Australia), assembled near Fiji on 26 July 1942. They did one rehearsal landing prior to leaving for Guadalcanal on 31 July. The commander of the Allied force was U.S. Vice Admiral Frank Fletcher (flag in aircraft carrier ). Commanding the sea and land forces was U.S. Rear Admiral Richmond K. Turner. Vandegrift led the 16,000 Allied (primarily U.S. Marine) infantry for the landings. +The troops sent to Guadalcanal were fresh from military training and armed with M1903 Springfield rifles and a 10-day supply of ammunition. To get them into battle quickly, the operation planners had reduced their supplies to only 60 days. The troops of the 1st Marine Division began referring to the coming battle as "Operation Shoestring". +Landings. +Bad weather allowed the Allied force to arrive near Guadalcanal unseen by the Japanese on the night of 6 August and the morning of 7 August and take the defenders by surprise. This has sometimes been called the Midnight Raid on Guadalcanal. The landing force split into two groups, with one group attacking Guadalcanal, and the other Tulagi, Florida, and nearby islands. +Allied warships bombed the invasion beaches while U.S. carrier aircraft bombed Japanese forces on the target islands and destroyed 15 Japanese seaplanes at their base near Tulagi. +Tulagi and two nearby small islands, Gavutu and Tanambogo, were attacked by 3,000 U.S. Marines. The 886 IJN forces violently resisted the Marine attacks. With some difficulty, the Marines captured all three islands; Tulagi on 8 August, and Gavutu and Tanambogo by 9 August. +The Japanese defenders were almost all killed while the Marines had 122 killed. +The landings on Guadalcanal had much less resistance. On 7 August, 11,000 U.S. Marines came ashore on Guadalcanal and met no resistance. They stopped for the night about from the Lunga Point airfield. The next day, against little resistance, the Marines advanced to Lunga River and captured the airfield by 16:00 on 8 August. +The Japanese naval construction staff and combat troops had abandoned the airfield area and fled about west to the Matanikau River and Point Cruz area. They left behind food, supplies, construction equipment and vehicles, and 13 dead. +During the landing operations on 7 and 8 August, Japanese naval aircraft based at Rabaul, under the command of Sadayoshi Yamada, attacked the Allied forces several times, setting afire the transport USS "George F. Elliot" (which sank two days later) and heavily damaging the destroyer . In the air attacks over the two days, the Japanese lost 36 aircraft, while the U.S. lost 19, both in combat and to accident, including 14 carrier fighters. +After these fights, Fletcher was concerned about the losses to his carrier fighter aircraft. He was also anxious about the threat to his carriers from Japanese air attacks, and worried about his ships' fuel levels. Fletcher pulled back from the Solomon Islands area with his carrier task forces the evening of 8 August. As a result of the loss of carrier-based air cover, Turner pulled back his ships from Guadalcanal, even though less than half of the supplies and heavy equipment needed by the troops ashore had been unloaded. Turner planned, however, to unload as many supplies as possible on Guadalcanal and Tulagi throughout the night of 8 August and then depart with his ships early on 9 August. +Battle of Savo Island. +That night, as the transports unloaded, two groups of Allied cruisers and destroyers, under the command of British Rear Admiral Victor Crutchley VC, were defeated by a Japanese force of seven cruisers and one destroyer from the 8th Fleet based at Rabaul and Kavieng and commanded by Japanese Vice Admiral Gunichi Mikawa. +In the Battle of Savo Island one Australian and three American cruisers were sunk and one American cruiser and two destroyers were damaged. The Japanese had moderate damage to one cruiser. Mikawa, who was unaware Fletcher was preparing to pull back with the U.S. carriers, immediately went back to Rabaul without attempting to attack the transports. Mikawa was concerned about daylight U.S. carrier air attacks if he remained in the area. Without carrier air cover, Turner decided to pull back his remaining naval forces by the evening of 9 August. This left the Marines ashore without much of the heavy equipment, supplies and troops still aboard the transports. Mikawa's decision not to attempt to destroy the Allied transport ships was a big mistake. +Initial operations. +The 11,000 Marines on Guadalcanal at first set up a guard around Lunga Point and the airfield. They also moved the landed supplies ashore and finished the airfield. By 18 August the airfield was ready for operation. Five days worth of food had been landed from the transports, which, along with captured Japanese food, gave the Marines a total of 14 days worth of food. To conserve supplies, the troops were limited to two meals per day. +Allied troops got sick with dysentery soon after the landings, with one in five Marines sick by mid-August. Tropical diseases affected both sides' troops. Although some of the Korean construction workers surrendered to the Marines, most of the Japanese and Korean gathered to the west and ate coconuts. A Japanese naval outpost was also located at Taivu Point, about 35 kilometres (22 mi) east of the Lunga perimeter. On 8 August, a Japanese destroyer from Rabaul delivered 113 troops to the Matanikau position. +On the evening of 12 August, a 25-man U.S. Marine patrol landed by boat to try and find a group of Japanese troops that U.S. forces thought might be willing to surrender. Soon after the patrol landed, a nearby platoon of Japanese naval troops attacked and almost completely killed the Marine patrol. +On 19 August, Vandegrift sent three companies of the U.S. 5th Marine Regiment to attack the Japanese troops west of the Matanikau. One company attacked at the mouth of the Matanikau river while another crossed the river inland and attacked the Japanese forces in Matanikau village. The third landed by boat further west and attacked Kokumbuna village. After briefly occupying the two villages, the three Marine companies returned to the Lunga perimeter, having killed about 65 Japanese soldiers while losing four. +This was the first of several major actions around the Matanikau River during the battle. +On 20 August, the escort carrier delivered two squadrons of Marine aircraft to Henderson Field, one a squadron of 19 F4F Wildcats and the other a squadron of 12 SBD Dauntlesses. The aircraft at Henderson became known as the "Cactus Air Force" (CAF) after the Allied codename for Guadalcanal. +The Marine fighters were used the next day. There were Japanese bomber air raids almost every day. On 22 August five U.S. Army P-400 Airacobras and their pilots arrived at Henderson Field. +Battle of the Tenaru. +In response to the Allied landings on Guadalcanal, the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters assigned the Imperial Japanese Army's (IJA) 17th Army at Rabaul and under the command of Lieutenant General Harukichi Hyakutake, was ordered to retake Guadalcanal. The army was to be supported by Japanese naval units, including the Combined Fleet under the command of Isoroku Yamamoto, which was headquartered at Truk. The 17th Army, at that time involved in the Japanese campaign in New Guinea, had only a few units available. The 35th Infantry Brigade under Major General Kiyotake Kawaguchi was at Palau. The 4th (Aoba) Infantry Regiment was in the Philippines and the 28th (Ichiki) Infantry Regiment, under the command of Colonel Kiyonao Ichiki, was on transport ships near Guam. +The different units began to move towards Guadalcanal. Ichiki's unit, consisting of about 917 soldiers, landed from destroyers at Taivu Pointbafter midnight on 19 August, then made a night march west toward the Marines. The Ichiki regiment was named after its commanding officer. +Ichiki thought that there were not that many Allied soldiers on Guadalcanal. Ichiki's soldiers attacked Marine positions at Alligator Creek in the early morning hours of 21 August. Ichiki's attack was defeated with heavy Japanese losses in what became known as the Battle of the Tenaru. In the day, the Marines attacked Ichiki's surviving troops, killing many more of them. +The dead included Ichiki, though it has been claimed that he committed suicide after realizing his defeat, rather than dying in combat. In total, all but 128 of the original 917 members of the Ichiki Regiment's force were killed in the battle. The survivors returned to Taivu Point, notified 17th Army headquarters of their defeat and waited for new soldiers and orders from Rabaul. +Battle of the Eastern Solomons. +As the Tenaru battle was ending, more Japanese troops were already on their way. Three slow transports departed from Truk on 16 August carrying the remaining 1,400 soldiers from Ichiki's (28th) Infantry Regiment plus 500 naval marines from the 5th Yokosuka Special Naval Landing Force. +The transports were guarded by 13 warships commanded by Japanese Rear Admiral Raizo Tanaka. He planned to land the troops on Guadalcanal on 24 August. To cover the landings and retake Henderson Field from Allied forces, Yamamoto directed Chuichi Nagumo to meet with a carrier force from Truk on 21 August and head towards the southern Solomon Islands. Nagumo's force included three carriers and 30 other warships. +Three U.S. carrier task forces under Fletcher approached Guadalcanal to attack the Japanese. On 24 and 25 August, the two carrier forces fought the Battle of the Eastern Solomons, which resulted in both fleets pulling back from the area after taking some damage. Japan lost one light aircraft carrier. Tanaka's convoy, after getting heavy damage during the battle from an air attack by aircraft from Henderson Field, including the sinking of one of the transports, changed direction to the Shortland Islands in the northern Solomons. This was done to transfer the troops to destroyers for delivery to Guadalcanal. +Air battles and strengthening of the Lunga defenses. +Throughout August, small numbers of U.S. aircraft and their crews continued to arrive at Guadalcanal. By the end of August, 64 aircraft of various types were stationed at Henderson Field. Air battles between the Allied aircraft at Henderson and Japanese bombers and fighters from Rabaul continued almost daily. Between 26 August and 5 September, the U.S. lost about 15 aircraft while the Japanese lost approximately 19 aircraft. More than half of the downed U.S. aircrews were rescued while most of the Japanese aircrews were never recovered. The eight-hour round trip flight from Rabaul to Guadalcanal, about total, made it hard for the Japanese to attack Henderson Field. +Australians on Bougainville and New Georgia islands were often able to warn of Japanese air strikes, allowing the U.S. fighters time to take off and attack the Japanese bombers and fighters as they approached the island. +Between 21 August and 3 September, three Marine battalions, including the 1st Raider Battalion, under Merritt A. Edson (Edson's Raiders), and the 1st Parachute Battalion from Tulagi and Gavutu went to Guadalcanal. These units added about 1,500 troops to the original 11,000 men defending Henderson Field. The 1st Parachute Battalion, which had many dead and wounded in the Battle of Tulagi and Gavutu-Tanambogo in August, was placed under Edson's command. +The other relocated battalion, the 1st Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment (1/5), was landed west of the Matanikau near Kokumbuna village on 27 August. They had the mission of attacking Japanese units in the area. They faced hot sun, and strong Japanese defenses. The next morning, the Marines found that the Japanese defenders had departed during the night, so the Marines returned to the Lunga perimeter by boat. Losses in this action were 20 Japanese and 3 Marines killed. +Small Allied naval convoys arrived at Guadalcanal on 23 August 29 August, 1 September, and 8 September. They provided the Marines at Lunga with more food, ammunition, aircraft fuel, and aircraft technicians. The 1 September convoy also brought 392 construction engineers to work on Henderson Field. +Tokyo Express. +By 23 August, Kawaguchi's 35th Infantry Brigade reached Truk and was loaded onto slow transport ships for the rest of the trip to Guadalcanal. The damage done to Tanaka's convoy during the Battle of the Eastern Solomons made the Japanese decide not to deliver more troops to Guadalcanal by slow transport. Instead, ships carrying Kawaguchi's soldiers were sent to Rabaul. +From there, the Japanese planned to deliver Kawaguchi's men to Guadalcanal by destroyers. The Japanese destroyers were usually able to make round trips down (New Georgia Sound) to Guadalcanal and back in a single night throughout the campaign, minimizing their risk of Allied air attack. +The runs became known as the "Tokyo Express" to Allied Forces by the Japanese. +Delivering the troops like this made it hard to bring heavy equipment and supplies, such as heavy artillery, vehicles, and much food and ammunition to Guadalcanal. In addition, this activity used destroyers the IJN needed for commerce defense. The Allied naval commanders did not fight Japanese naval forces at night. However, any Japanese ship remaining within range of the aircraft at Henderson Field during the daylight hours, about , was in great danger from air attack. Thissituation existed for the next several months of the battle. +Between 29 August and 4 September, Japanese light cruisers, destroyers, and patrol boats were able to land almost 5,000 troops at Taivu Point, including most of the 35th Infantry Brigade, much of the Aoba (4th) Regiment, and the rest of Ichiki's regiment. General Kawaguchi, who landed at Taivu Point on 31 August Express run, was placed in command of all Japanese forces on Guadalcanal. A barge convoy took another 1,000 soldiers of Kawaguchi's brigade, under the command of Colonel Akinosuke Oka, to Kamimbo, west of the Lunga perimeter. +Battle of Edson's Ridge. +On 7 September, Kawaguchi issued his attack plan to destroy enemy in the Guadalcanal Island airfield. Kawaguchi's attack plan called for his forces to do a surprise night attack. Oka's forces would attack from the west while Ichiki's Second Echelon would attack from the east. The main attack would be by Kawaguchi's group of 3,000 men in three battalions, from the south. By 7 September, most of Kawaguchi's troops began marching towards Lunga Point along the coastline. About 250 Japanese troops remained behind to guard the brigade's supply base at Taivu. +Meanwhile, scouts brought reports to the U.S. Marines of Japanese troops at Taivu near the village of Tasimboko. Edson planned a raid on the Japanese troops at Taivu. On 8 September, after being dropped-off near Taivu by boat, Edson's men captured Tasimboko as the Japanese retreated into the jungle. +In Tasimboko, Edson's troops discovered Kawaguchi's main supply depot, including large stockpiles of food, ammunition, medical supplies, and a powerful shortwave radio. After destroying everything, except some papers, the Marines returned to the Lunga perimeter. The captured documents informed the Marines that at least 3,000 Japanese troops were on the island and planning an attack. +Edson, along with Colonel Gerald C. Thomas, Vandegrift's operations officer, thought that the Japanese attack would come at a narrow, grassy, -long, coral ridge south of Henderson Field. The ridge, called Lunga Ridge, had a good approach to the airfield and it was undefended. On 11 September, the 840 men of Edson's battalion were sent onto and around the ridge. +On the night of 12 September, Kawaguchi's 1st Battalion attacked the Raiders between the Lunga River and ridge. One Marine company had to fall back to the ridge before the Japanese stopped their attack for the night. The next night Kawaguchi had to battle Edson's 830 Raiders with 3,000 troops of his brigade and artillery. The Japanese attack began just after nightfall with Kawaguchi's 1st battalion attacking Edson's right side to the west of the ridge. After breaking through the Marine defences, the attack was eventually stopped by Marine units guarding the northern part of the ridge. +Two companies from Kawaguchi's 2nd Battalion moved up the southern edge of the ridge and pushed Edson's troops back to Hill 123 on the center part of the ridge. Throughout the night the Marines fought against Japanese attacks, some of which resulted in hand-to-hand fighting. The Marines also had artillery. Japanese groups that got past the ridge to the edge of the airfield were also sent back. +Attacks by the Kuma battalion and Oka's unit at other places were also stopped. On 14 September Kawaguchi led the survivors on a five-day march west to the Matanikau Valley to join with Oka's unit. In total Kawaguchi's forces lost about 850 killed and the Marines 104. +On 15 September Hyakutake at Rabaul learned of Kawaguchi's loss and sent the news to Imperial General Headquarters in Japan. In an emergency meeting, the top Japanese IJA and IJN command staffs decided that, Guadalcanal might develop into the most important battle of the war. The loss affected Japanese operations in other areas of the Pacific. Hyakutake realized that to send sufficient troops and supplies to defeat the Allied forces on Guadalcanal he could not support the major ongoing Japanese attacks on the Kokoda Track in New Guinea. +Hyakutake, with the agreement of General Headquarters, ordered his troops on New Guinea who were within of their goal of Port Moresby to pull back until the Guadalcanal battle was finished. Hyakutake sent more troops to Guadalcanal for another attempt to recapture Henderson Field. +Reinforcement. +As the Japanese troops gathered west of the Matanikau, the U.S. forces strengthened their Lunga defenses. On 14 September Vandegrift moved another battalion, the 3rd Battalion, 2nd Marine Regiment (3/2), from Tulagi to Guadalcanal. On 18 September an Allied naval convoy delivered 4,157 men from the 3rd Provisional Marine Brigade (the 7th Marine Regiment plus a battalion from the 11th Marine Regiment and some additional support units). +The convoy also delivered 137 vehicles, tents, aviation fuel, ammunition, rations and engineering equipment to Guadalcanal. These new soldiers enabled Vandegrift, beginning on 19 September, to establish an unbroken defence around the Lunga perimeter. While protecting this convoy the aircraft carrier was sunk by the Japanese submarine southeast of Guadalcanal. For a while, this left only one Allied aircraft carrier () in the South Pacific area. +Vandegrift also removed several officers who did not meet his standards and promoted junior officers who had done well in the battles. Colonel Merritt Edson who was given command of the 5th Marine Regiment. +The air war over Guadalcanal stopped for a while. There were no Japanese air raids between 14 and 27 September due to bad weather. Both sides reinforced their air units during this time. The Japanese delivered 85 fighters and bombers to their air units at Rabaul while the U.S. brought 23 fighters and attack aircraft to Henderson Field. On 20 September the Japanese had 117 aircraft at Rabaul while the Allies had 71 aircraft at Henderson Field. +The air war got started again with a Japanese air raid on Guadalcanal on 27 September. U.S. Navy and Marine fighters from Henderson Field flew up to try to stop the air raid. +The Japanese began to prepare for their next attempt to recapture Henderson Field. The 3rd Battalion, 4th (Aoba) Infantry Regiment had landed at Kamimbo Bay on the western end of Guadalcanal on 11 September. The battalion had joined Oka's forces near the Matanikau. Deliveries by destroyers on 14, 20, 21 and 24 September brought food and ammunition as well as 280 men from the 1st Battalion, Aoba Regiment, to Kamimbo on Guadalcanal. +The Japanese 2nd and 38th Infantry Divisions were transported from the Dutch East Indies to Rabaul beginning on 13 September. The Japanese planned to transport 17,500 troops from these two divisions to Guadalcanal for the next major attack on the Lunga Perimeter set for 20 October 1942. +Actions along the Matanikau. +Vandegrift was aware that Kawaguchi's troops had retreated to the area west of the Matanikau and that numerous groups of Japanese troops were in the area between the Lunga Perimeter and the Matanikau River. Vandegrift decided to attack the scattered groups of Japanese troops east of the Matanikau. +He also wanted to prevent the main group of Japanese soldiers from strengthening their positions so close to the main Marine defenses at Lunga Point. +The first U.S. Marine attack between 23 and 27 September used soldiers from three U.S. Marine battalions. The attack on Japanese forces west of the Matanikau, was defeated by Kawaguchi's troops under Akinosuke Oka's command. During the fight, three Marine companies were surrounded by Japanese forces and they had many dead and wounded. They escaped with help from the destroyer and landing craft piloted by U.S. Coast Guard personnel. +In the second attack between 6 and 9 October a larger force of Marines crossed the Matanikau River, attacked newly landed Japanese forces from the 2nd Infantry Division under the command of generals Masao Maruyama and Yumio Nasu. The Marines inflicted caused a lot of deaths and wounding for the Japanese 4th Infantry Regiment. +The second attack forced the Japanese to retreat from their positions east of the Matanikau. This caused problems with Japanese plans to do a major attack on the U.S. Lunga defenses. +Between 9 and 11 October the U.S. 1st Battalion 2nd Marines attacked two small Japanese outposts about east of the Lunga perimeter at Gurabusu and Koilotumaria near Aola Bay. The attacks killed 35 Japanese at a cost of 17 Marines and three U.S. Navy personnel. +Battle of Cape Esperance. +Throughout the last week of September and the first week of October, Japanese destroyers delivered troops from the Japanese 2nd Infantry Division to Guadalcanal. The Japanese Navy promised to support the Army's attack by delivering troops, equipment, and supplies to the island and doing more air attacks on Henderson Field and sending warships to bomb the airfield. +Millard F. Harmon, commander of United States Army forces in the South Pacific, thought that U.S. Marine forces on Guadalcanal needed new soldiers if the Allies were to defend the island from the next Japanese attack. On 8 October, the 2,837 men of the 164th Infantry Regiment from the U.S. Army's Americal Division boarded ships to Guadalcanal. To protect the transports carrying the 164th to Guadalcanal, Task Force 64 was told to go with the transports. This task force consisted of four cruisers and five destroyers under U.S. Rear Admiral Norman Scott. +They were told to attack any Japanese ships that approached Guadalcanal. +Mikawa's 8th Fleet staff scheduled a large and important destroyer delivery for the night of 11 October. Two seaplane tenders and six destroyers were to deliver 728 soldiers plus artillery and ammunition to Guadalcanal. At the same time, three heavy cruisers and two destroyers under the command of Rear Admiral Aritomo Gotō were to bomb Henderson Field to destroy the CAF and the airfield. +Because U.S. Navy warships had never tried to stop any Tokyo Express missions to Guadalcanal, the Japanese were not expecting any opposition from Allied naval ships that night. +Just before midnight, Scott's warships detected Gotō's force on radar near Guadalcanal. Scott's force was in a position to fire on Gotō's ships. Opening fire, Scott's warships sank one of Gotō's cruisers and one of his destroyers, heavily damaged another cruiser, seriously wounded Gotō, and forced the rest of Gotō's warships to abandon the bombing mission and retreat. +One of Scott's destroyers was sunk and one cruiser and another destroyer were heavily damaged. The Japanese supply convoy unloaded at Guadalcanal and began its return journey without being discovered by Scott's force. Later on the morning of 12 October, four Japanese destroyers from the supply convoy turned back to help Gotō's damaged warships. +Air attacks by CAF aircraft from Henderson Field sank two of these destroyers later that day. The convoy of U.S. Army troops reached Guadalcanal as scheduled the next day and delivered its cargo and passengers to the island. +Battleship bombing of Henderson Field. +Even after the U.S. victory off Cape Esperance, the Japanese continued with plans for a large attack later in October. The Japanese decided to risk not using fast warships to deliver their men and supplies to the island. +On 13 October, a convoy of six cargo ships with eight destroyers left the Shortland Islands for Guadalcanal. The convoy carried 4,500 troops from the 16th and 230th Infantry Regiments, some naval marines, two batteries of heavy artillery, and one company of tanks. +To protect the approaching convoy from attack by CAF aircraft, Yamamoto sent two battleships from Truk to bombard Henderson Field. At 01:33 on 14 October, and , protected by one light cruiser and nine destroyers, reached Guadalcanal and fired at Henderson Field from a distance of . Over the next one hour and 23 minutes, the two battleships fired 973 shells into the Lunga perimeter, most of them falling in the area of the airfield. Many of the shells were fragmentation shells, designed to destroy land targets. The bombing heavily damaged both runways, burned almost all of the available airplane fuel, destroyed 48 of the CAF's 90 aircraft, and killed 41 men, including six CAF pilots. The battleship force then returned to Truk. +In spite of the heavy damage, Henderson soldiers were able to fix one of the runways within a few hours. Seventeen SBDs and 20 Wildcats at Espiritu Santo were flown to Henderson and U.S. Army and Marine transport aircraft began to transport airplane gasoline to Guadalcanal. +Now that the US was aware of the approach of the large Japanese convoy, the US tried to think of a way to attack the convoy before it could reach Guadalcanal. Using fuel drained from destroyed aircraft and from a hidden fuel tank in the jungle, the CAF attacked the convoy twice on the 14th, but caused no damage. +The Japanese convoy reached Guadalcanal at midnight on 14 October and began unloading. Throughout the day of 15 October, CAF aircraft from Henderson bombed and machine-gunned the unloading convoy, destroying three of the cargo ships. The remainder of the convoy departed that night, having unloaded all of the troops and about two-thirds of the supplies and equipment. +Several Japanese heavy cruisers also bombed Henderson on the nights of 14 and 15 October, destroying a few additional CAF aircraft, but not damaging the airfield. +Battle for Henderson Field. +Between 1 and 17 October, the Japanese delivered 15,000 troops to Guadalcanal, giving Hyakutake 20,000 troops for his planned attack. Because they had lost their positions on the east side of the Matanikau, the Japanese decided that an attack on the U.S. defenses along the coast would be too hard. Hyakutake decided to attack from south of Henderson Field. +His 2nd Division (with troops from the 38th Division), under Lieutenant General Masao Maruyama and 7,000 soldiers in three infantry regiments was ordered to attack the American defences from the south near the east bank of the Lunga River. +The date of the attack was set for 22 October, then changed to 23 October. To try and trick the Americans from knowing about the planned attack from the south, Hyakutake's heavy artillery plus five battalions of infantry (about 2,900 men) under Major General Tadashi Sumiyoshi attacked the American defenses from the west. +The Japanese thought that there were 10,000 American troops on the island, when in there were really 23,000. +On 12 October, a group of Japanese engineers began to cut a trail, called the "Maruyama Road", from the Matanikau towards the southern portion of the U.S. Lunga perimeter. The long trail went across rivers and streams, deep ravines, steep ridges, and thick jungle. +Between 16 and 18 October, the 2nd Division began their march along the Maruyama Road. +By 23 October, Maruyama's forces were finding it hard to get through the jungle to reach the American forces. Hyakutake delayed the attack to 19:00 on 24 October. The Americans did not know that Maruyama's forces were on their way. +Sumiyoshi was told by Hyakutake's staff of the delay of the attack to 24 October. However, he was unable to contact his troops to tell them of the delay. Thus, at dusk on 23 October, two battalions of the 4th Infantry Regiment and the nine tanks of the 1st Independent Tank Company attacked on the U.S. Marine defenses at the mouth of the Matanikau. +U.S. Marine artillery, cannon, and rifle fire defeated the attacks, destroying all the tanks and killing many of the Japanese soldiers. Only a small number of Marines were killed or wounded. +Finally, late on 24 October Maruyama's forces reached the U.S. Lunga perimeter. Over two nights Maruyama's troops attacked positions defended by troops of the 1st Battalion, 7th Marines under Lieutenant Colonel Chesty Puller and the U.S. Army's 3rd Battalion, 164th Infantry Regiment, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Robert Hall. +U.S. Marine and Army units armed with rifles, machine guns, mortars, and fire from 37 mm anti-tank guns did terrible damage to the Japanese. A few small groups of Japanese that broke through the American defenses, were all killed over the next several days. +More than 1,500 of Maruyama's troops were killed in the attacks while the Americans lost about 60 killed. Over the same two days American aircraft from Henderson Field destroying 14 Japanese aircraft and sunk a light cruiser. +Further Japanese attacks near the Matanikau on 26 October were also defeated with heavy losses for the Japanese. As a result, by 08:00 on 26 October, Hyakutake stopped the attacks and ordered his forces to retreat. About half of Maruyama's survivors were ordered to retreat back to the Matanikau Valley. The 230th Infantry Regiment under Colonel Toshinari Shōji was told to go to Koli Point, east of the Lunga perimeter. +Soldiers from the 2nd Division reached the 17th Army headquarters area at Kokumbona, west of the Matanikau on 4 November. Shoji's unit reached Koli Point and made a camp. The 2nd Division had many battle deaths, combat injuries, malnutrition, and tropical diseases. It was too weak to do any more attacks. It fought as a defensive force along the coast for the rest of the battle. +The Japanese lost 2,200 – 3,000 troops in the battle while the Americans lost around 80 killed. +Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands. +At the same time that Hyakutake's troops were attacking the Lunga perimeter, Japanese aircraft carriers and other large warships led by Isoroku Yamamoto moved near the southern Solomon Islands. From this location, the Japanese naval forces hoped to defeat any Allied (primarily U.S.) naval forces, especially carrier forces. Allied naval carrier forces in the area, now under the command of William Halsey, Jr., also hoped to meet the Japanese naval forces in battle. +Nimitz had replaced Ghormley with Halsey on 18 October after deciding that Ghormley had become too negative to lead Allied forces in the South Pacific area. +The two opposing carrier forces battled each other on the morning of 26 October, in what became known as the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands. Each side sent carrier air attacks. Allied ships had to retreat from the battle after one carrier was sunk () and another () heavily damaged. The Japanese carrier forces, however, also pulled back because of high aircraft and aircrew losses and major damage to two carriers. +The Japanese were the winners in terms of ships sunk and damaged. However, the loss by the Japanese of many experienced aircrews helped the Allies, who did not lose many aircrew. The Japanese carriers did not have any more important roles in the battle. +November land actions. +To strengthen his victory in the Battle for Henderson Field, Vandegrift sent six Marine battalions, later joined by one U.S. Army battalion, on an attack west of the Matanikau. The attack was commanded by Merritt Edson and its goal was to capture Kokumbona, headquarters of the 17th Army, west of Point Cruz. +Defending the Point Cruz area were Japanese army troops from the 4th Infantry Regiment commanded by Nomasu Nakaguma. The 4th Infantry was in poor condition because of battle deaths and injuries, tropical disease, and malnutrition. +The American attack began on 1 November. It destroyed Japanese forces defending the Point Cruz area by 3 November. The Americans seemed to be close to capturing Kokumbona. Then American forces found newly landed Japanese troops near Koli Point on the eastern side of the Lunga perimeter. +To deal with these newly landed Japanese troops, Vandegrift stopped the Matanikau attack on 4 November. The Americans had 71 deaths and the Japanese around 400 killed. +At Koli Point early in the morning 3 November, five Japanese destroyers delivered 300 army troops. They were sent to help Shōji and his troops who were going to Koli Point after the Battle for Henderson Field. +When Vandegrift found out about the Japanese landing, he sent a battalion of Marines under Herman H. Hanneken to attack the Japanese at Koli. Soon after landing, the Japanese soldiers pushed Hanneken's battalion back towards the Lunga perimeter. +In response, Vandegrift ordered Puller's Marine battalion plus two of the 164th infantry battalions, along with Hanneken's battalion, to attack the Japanese forces there. +As the American troops began to move, Shōji and his soldiers began to arrive at Koli Point. Beginning on 8 November, the American troops tried to surround Shōji's forces at Gavaga Creek near Koli Point. +Hyakutake ordered Shōji to leave his positions at Koli and rejoin Japanese forces at Kokumbona in the Matanikau area. Between 9 and 11 November, Shōji and between 2,000 and 3,000 of his men escaped into the jungle to the south. On 12 November, the Americans killed all the remaining Japanese soldiers. The Americans counted the bodies of 450–475 Japanese dead in the Koli Point area and captured most of Shōji's heavy weapons and supplies. The American forces had 40 killed and 120 wounded in the attack. +On 4 November, two companies from the 2nd Marine Raider Battalion, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Evans Carlson landed by boat at Aola Bay, east of Lunga Point. Carlson's raiders, along with troops from the U.S. Army's 147th Infantry Regiment, were told to protect 500 Seabees as they constructed an airfield at that location. Halsey had agreed with the plan to build an airfield at Aola Bay. +The Aola airfield construction was stopped at the end of November because the land was not good for building an airfield. +On 5 November, Vandegrift ordered Carlson to attack any of Shōji's forces that had escaped from Koli Point. Carlson and his troops did a 29-day patrol from Aola to the Lunga perimeter. During the patrol, Carlson's soldierz fought several battles with Shōji's retreating forces, killing almost 500 of them, while having 16 killed themselves. +In addition to the deaths from attacks by Carlson's raiders, tropical diseases and a lack of food caused more of Shōji's men to die. By the time Shōji's forces reached the Lunga River in mid-November, about halfway to the Matanikau, only 1,300 men remained. When Shōji reached the 17th Army positions west of the Matanikau, only 700 to 800 survivors were still with him. Most of the survivors from Shōji's force joined other Japanese units defending the Mount Austen and upper Matanikau River area. +Japanese destroyer trips on 5, 7 and 9 November, delivered additional troops from the Japanese 38th Infantry Division, including most of the 228th Infantry Regiment to Guadalcanal. These fresh troops were put in the Point Cruz and Matanikau area, and they stopped attacks by American forces on 10 and 18 November. The Americans and Japanese remained facing each other along a line west of Point Cruz for the next six weeks. +Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. +After the defeat in the Battle for Henderson Field, the IJA planned to try again to capture the airfield in November 1942. They needed new soldiers before the attack could start. The IJA requested help from Yamamoto to deliver the new troops to the island and to support the next attack. +Yamamoto provided 11 large transport ships to carry the remaining 7,000 troops from the 38th Infantry Division, their ammunition, food, and heavy equipment from Rabaul to Guadalcanal. He also provided a warship force that included two battleships. The two battleships, and , with special fragmentation shells, were to bomb Henderson Field on the night of 12–13 November and destroy it and the aircraft stationed there. This would allow the slow, heavy transports to reach Guadalcanal and unload safely the next day. The warship force was commanded from "Hiei" by recently promoted Vice Admiral Hiroaki Abe. +In early November, Allied forces learned that the Japanese were preparing again to try to capture Henderson Field. Therefore, the U.S. sent Task Force 67, a convoy carrying Marines, two U.S. Army infantry battalions, and ammunition and food to Guadalcanal on 11 November. The supply ships were protected by two task groups, commanded by Rear Admirals Daniel J. Callaghan and Norman Scott, and aircraft from Henderson Field. The ships were attacked several times on 11 and 12 November by Japanese aircraft but most were unloaded without serious damage. +U.S. aircraft spotted the approach of Abe's bombing force and warned the Allied command. Turner sent all usable combat ships under Callaghan to protect the troops ashore from the expected Japanese naval attack and troop landing. He also ordered the supply ships at Guadalcanal to leave by early evening 12 November. Callaghan's force comprised two heavy cruisers, three light cruisers, and eight destroyers. +Around 01:30 on 13 November, Callaghan's force met Abe's bombing group between Guadalcanal and Savo Island. In addition to the two battleships, Abe's force included one light cruiser and 11 destroyers. In darkness, the two warship forces opened fire. Abe's warships sank or severely damaged all but one cruiser and one destroyer in Callaghan's force and both Callaghan and Scott were killed. +Two Japanese destroyers were sunk and another destroyer and "Hiei" was heavily damaged. In spite of his defeat of Callaghan's force, Abe ordered his warships to pull back without bombing Henderson Field. "Hiei" sank later that day after air attacks by CAF aircraft and aircraft from the U.S. carrier . Because of Abe's failure to destroyHenderson Field, Yamamoto ordered the troop transport convoy to wait an additional day before heading towards Guadalcanal. +Yamamoto ordered Nobutake Kondō to assemble another bombing force using warships from Truk and Abe's force to attack Henderson Field on 15 November. +At 02:00 on 14 November, a cruiser and destroyer force under Gunichi Mikawa bombed Henderson Field. The bombing caused some damage but failed to destroy airfield or most of its aircraft. As Mikawa's force went back to Rabaul, Tanaka's transport convoy, thinking that Henderson Field was now destroyed began its trip towards Guadalcanal. +Throughout 14 November, aircraft from Henderson Field and "Enterprise" attacked Mikawa's and Tanaka's ships, sinking one heavy cruiser and seven of the transports. Most of the troops were rescued from the transports by Tanaka's escorting destroyers and returned to the Shortlands. After dark, Tanaka and the remaining four transports continued towards Guadalcanal as Kondo's force approached to bomb Henderson Field. +In order to attack Kondo's force, Halsey, who was low on undamaged ships, sent two battleships, and , and four destroyers from the "Enterprise" task force. The U.S. force, under the command of Willis A. Lee aboard "Washington", reached Guadalcanal and Savo Island just before midnight on 14 November, shortly before Kondo's bombing force arrived. +Kondo's force consisted of "Kirishima" plus two heavy cruisers, two light cruisers, and nine destroyers. After the two forces met, Kondo's force quickly sank three of the U.S. destroyers and heavily damaged the fourth. The Japanese warships then damaged "South Dakota". As Kondo's warships concentrated on "South Dakota", "Washington" approached the Japanese ships and opened fire on "Kirishima", hitting the Japanese battleship and causing serious damage. After chasing "Washington" towards the Russell Islands, Kondo ordered his warships to pull back without bombing Henderson Field. One of Kondo's destroyers was also sunk during the battle. +As Kondo's ships pulled back, the four Japanese transports landed near Tassafaronga on Guadalcanal at 04:00 and began unloading. At 05:55, U.S. aircraft and artillery began attacking the transports, destroying all four transports along with most of the supplies that they carried. +Only 2,000–3,000 of the army troops made it ashore. Because of the failure to deliver most of the troops and supplies, the Japanese were forced to cancel their planned November attack on Henderson Field. +On 26 November, Japanese Lieutenant General Hitoshi Imamura took command of the newly formed Eighth Area Army at Rabaul. The new command included both Hyakutake's 17th Army and the 18th Army in New Guinea. +One of Imamura's first goals was to retake Henderson Field and Guadalcanal. The Allied offensive at Buna in New Guinea, however, changed Imamura's goals. +Because the Allied attempt to take Buna was considered a more severe threat to Rabaul, Imamura delayed sending new troops to Guadalcanal to concentrate on the situation in New Guinea. +Battle of Tassafaronga. +The Japanese continued to have problems in delivering enough supplies to their troops on Guadalcanal. Attempts to use only submarines the last two weeks in November did not provide enough food for Hyakutake's forces. +A separate attempt to establish bases in the central Solomons to use to send barge convoys to Guadalcanal also failed because of Allied air attacks. On 26 November, the 17th Army told Imamura that it lacked food. Some front-line units had not been supplied for six days . This forced the Japanese to return to using destroyers to deliver the necessary supplies. +Eighth Fleet sailors thought of a plan to help reduce the time that destroyers delivering supplies to Guadalcanal were exposed to Allied attack. Large oil or gas drums filled with medical supplies and food and strung together with rope. When the destroyers arrived at Guadalcanal they would cut loose the drums and a boat from shore could pick up the rope. +The Eighth Fleet's Guadalcanal Reinforcement Unit (the Tokyo Express) was told to make five deliveries to Tassafaronga on Guadalcanal using the drum method on the night of 30 November. Tanaka's unit had eight destroyers, with six destroyers carrying 200 to 240 drums of supplies each. +When Halsey learned about the Japanese supply attempt, he ordered the newly formed Task Force 67, which had four cruisers and four destroyers under the command of U.S. Rear Admiral Carleton H. Wright, to attack Tanaka's force off Guadalcanal. Two additional destroyers joined Wright's force during the day of 30 November. +At 22:40 on 30 November, Tanaka's force arrived off Guadalcanal and prepared to unload the supply barrels. Meanwhile, Wright's warships were approaching from the opposite direction. Wright's destroyers detected Tanaka's force on radar and the commander requested permission to attack with torpedoes. Wright waited four minutes before giving permission. +This allowed Tanaka's force to escape from being torpedoed. All of the American torpedoes missed their targets. At the same time, Wright's cruisers opened fire, hitting and destroying one of the Japanese destroyers. The rest of Tanaka's warships abandoned the supply mission, turned, and launched 44 torpedoes in the direction of Wright's cruisers. +The Japanese torpedoes hit and sank the U.S. cruiser and heavily damaged the cruisers , , and . The rest of Tanaka's destroyers escaped without damage, but failed to deliver any of the supplies to Guadalcanal. +By 7 December 1942, Hyakutake's forces were losing about 50 men each day from malnutrition, disease, and Allied ground or air attacks. Further attempts by Tanaka's destroyer forces to deliver supplies on 3 December 7 December, and 11 December, did not solve the supply problem. One of Tanaka's destroyers was sunk by a U.S. PT boat torpedo. +Japanese decision to withdraw. +On 12 December, the Japanese Navy thought about abandoning Guadalcanal. At the same time, several army staff officers at the Imperial General Headquarters (IGH) said retaking Guadalcanal would be impossible. A group led by IJA Colonel Joichiro Sanada, chief of the IGH's operations section, visited Rabaul on 19 December and talked to Imamura and his staff. +When this group returned to Tokyo, Sanada recommended that Guadalcanal be abandoned. The IGH's top leaders agreed with Sanada's recommendation on 26 December. They ordered their staff to plan for a withdrawal from Guadalcanal. A new defense line would be set up in the central Solomons, and soldiers and weapons could be sent to the campaign in New Guinea. +On 28 December, General Hajime Sugiyama and Admiral Osami Nagano told Emperor Hirohito of the decision to withdraw from Guadalcanal. On 31 December, the Emperor agreed with the decision. The Japanese secretly began to prepare for the evacuation, called Operation Ke, scheduled to begin during January 1943. +Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse. +By December, the tired 1st Marine Division was brought back for a rest, and over the next month the U.S. XIV Corps took over operations on the island. This corps consisted of the 2nd Marine Division and the U.S. Army's 25th Infantry and Americal Divisions. U.S. Army Major General Alexander Patch replaced Vandegrift as commander of Allied forces on Guadalcanal. By January this was over 50,000 men. +On 18 December, Allied (mainly U.S. Army) forces began attacking Japanese soldiers on Mount Austen. A strong Japanese fort, called the Gifu, made the attacks hard and the Americans had to stop their attacks on 4 January. +The Allies attacking the Japanese on 10 January on Mount Austen. They also attacked two nearby ridges called the Seahorse and the Galloping Horse. The Allies captured all three by 23 January. At the same time, U.S. Marines advanced along the north coast of the island. The Americans lost about 250 killed in the operation while the Japanese suffered around 3,000 killed–about 12 to 1 in the Americans' favor. +"Ke" evacuation. +On 14 January, destroyers delivered troops to guard the "Ke" evacuation. Japanese warships and aircraft moved around the Rabaul and Bougainville areas in preparation to withdraw their troops. Allied forces detected the Japanese movements, but thought they were another attempt to retake Henderson Field and Guadalcanal. +Patch, afraid of another Japanese attack, sent only a small portion of his troops to continue an attack against Hyakutake's forces. On 29 January, Halsey sent a resupply convoy to Guadalcanal protected by a cruiser task force. Sighting the cruiser task force, Japanese naval torpedo bombers attacked the task force and heavily damaged the U.S. cruiser . The next day, more torpedo aircraft attacked and sank "Chicago". +Halsey ordered the remainder of the task force to return to base and directed the rest of his naval forces to take station in the Coral Sea, south of Guadalcanal, to be ready to respond to a Japanese attack. +The Japanese 17th Army withdrew to the west coast of Guadalcanal while rear guard groups stopped the American attacks. On the night of February 1, 20 destroyers from Mikawa's 8th Fleet under Shintaro Hashimoto removed 4,935 soldiers, mainly from the 38th Division, from the island. The Japanese and the Americans each lost a destroyer from air and naval attacks. +On the nights of 4 and 7 February, Hashimoto and his destroyers completed the removal of most of the remaining Japanese forces from Guadalcanal. Apart from some air attacks, Allied forces did not try to stop Hashimoto's efforts to withdraw his troops. In total, the Japanese removed 10,652 men from Guadalcanal. On 9 February, Patch realized that the Japanese were gone and declared Guadalcanal secure for Allied forces, ending the battle. +Aftermath. +After the Japanese withdrawal, Guadalcanal and Tulagi were developed into major bases. These bases supported the Allied advance further up the Solomon Islands chain. In addition to Henderson Field, two additional fighter runways were constructed at Lunga Point and a bomber airfield was built at Koli Point. +Naval ports were built at Guadalcanal, Tulagi, and Florida. The anchorage around Tulagi became an important base for Allied warships and transport ships supporting the Solomon Islands campaign. Major ground units stayed in camps on Guadalcanal before being sent further up the Solomons. +After Guadalcanal the Japanese were having to defend themselves in the Pacific. The efforts to send new troops to Guadalcanal had weakened Japanese efforts in other areas. This helped the Australian and American attack in New Guinea to be successful. This led to the capture of the bases of Buna and Gona in early 1943. +In June, the Allies launched Operation Cartwheel, which aimed to cut off Rabaul and the forces centered there. This helped the South West Pacific campaign under General Douglas MacArthur. It also helped the Central Pacific island hopping campaign under Admiral Chester Nimitz. Both efforts got the Allies closer to Japan. The remaining Japanese defenses in the South Pacific area were destroyed or bypassed by Allied forces. +Significance. +Resources. +The Battle of Guadalcanal was one of the first long battles in the Pacific, alongside the Solomon Islands campaign. Both battles were very hard to organize for both of the nations involved. For the U.S., it had to learn how to do combat air transport. A failure to achieve air superiority forced Japan to get new troops in by barges, destroyers, and submarines, which did not work that well. +Early in the battle, the Americans lacked resources, as they lost cruisers and carriers. It took months for replacement ships to be finished. +The U.S. Navy suffered such high losses during the campaign that it refused to release total casualty figures for years. However, as the campaign continued, and the American public became more and more aware of the heroism of the American forces on Guadalcanal, more forces were sent to the area. +This was a problem for Japan as its military-industrial complex was unable to produce as much as the Americans. Thus, as the battles continued, the Japanese were losing equipment they could not replace while the Americans were replacing and even adding to their forces. +The Guadalcanal battles made Japan lose a lot of equipment and soldiers. About 25,000 experienced troops were killed during the battles. These losses meant that Japan could not achieve its goals in the New Guinea campaign. Japan also lost control of the southern Solomons and the ability to stop Allied shipping to Australia. +Japan's major base at Rabaul was threatened by Allied air power. Japanese land, air, and naval forces had been lost. The Japanese could not replace the aircraft and ships destroyed and sunk in these battles. Nor could they replace their highly trained and veteran crews, especially the naval aircrews, nearly as quickly as the Allies. +Strategic. +After the victory at the Battle of Midway America was able to have naval strength in the Pacific equal to Japan's. It was only after the Allied victories in Guadalcanal and New Guinea that the Japanese attacks ended. The Guadalcanal Campaign ended all Japanese expansion attempts and placed the Allies in a position of power. This Allied victory was the first step in a winning other battles that eventually led to the surrender of Japan and the occupation of the Japanese home islands. +The "Europe first" policy of the United States had at first meant they only defended against Japanese expansion, to focus resources on defeating Germany. However, Admiral King's argument for the Guadalcanal invasion, convinced President Franklin D. Roosevelt that the Pacific War could be won as well. By the end of 1942, it was clear that Japan had lost the Guadalcanal campaign. This was very bad for Japan's plans for defending their empire. +The military victory for the Allies was important. The psychological victory was also important. The Allies had beaten Japan's best land, air, and warship forces. After Guadalcanal, Allied personnel regarded the Japanese military with much less fear than previously. In addition, the Allies began to think they could win the Pacific War. +Tokyo Express no longer has terminus on Guadalcanal."—Major General Alexander Patch, USACommander, U.S. Forces on Guadalcanal" +Guadalcanal is no longer merely a name of an island in Japanese military history. It is the name of the graveyard of the Japanese army."—Major General Kiyotake Kawaguchi, IJACommander, 35th Infantry Brigade at Guadalcanal" +Beyond Kawaguchi, several Japanese +political and military leaders, including Naoki Hoshino, Osami Nagano, and Torashirō Kawabe, stated after the war that Guadalcanal was the turning point in the conflict. + += = = Desmond Tutu = = = +Archbishop Desmond Mpilo Tutu (7 October 1931 – 26 December 2021) was a South African social rights activist. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 for his work fighting apartheid in South Africa. He was the first Anglican bishop in Cape Town. He chaired the Truth and Reconciliation Commission during the 1990s which helped victims of apartheid speak out and seem justice. +Early life. +Tutu was born in Klerksdorp, Transvaal. When Tutu was twelve he moved with his family to Johannesburg. Tutu wanted to become a doctor. His family could not afford to send him to medical school, so Tutu studied at the Pretoria Bantu Normal College to become a teacher. He taught at Johannesburg Bantu High School and at Munsienville High School in Mogale City. +Personal life. +Tutu married Nomalizo Lea Shenxane on 2 July 1955. In 1975 he moved into what is now known as Tutu House in Soweto. +Desmond Tutu turned 90 in October 2021. He died at a medical center in Cape Town, South Africa on 26 December 2021, aged 90. He was being treated for prostate cancer at the time of his death. + += = = Happy Tree Friends = = = +Happy Tree Friends is an American adult animated web series. It had achieved a cult following on YouTube. Montijo, Navarro, Graff, Ankrum also serve as the as showrunners. +Despite the childlike art style of the series and having a colorful cast of characters, the show would often have the animals go through very violent situations, complete with detailed gore. These twists happen during each episode, which was met with surprised and positive reactions and reviews. The portrayal of death in "Happy Tree Friends" is usually very extreme and anatomically correct, the special effects are oftem more vivid and of exaggerated detail. +The official music videos are comparable to that of "Nirvana" (the short cartoon featured on their song "Smells Like Teen Spirit"), Soundgarden, Alice in Chains and Pearl Jam. The series is also referenced in the music video "Carpal Tunnel of Love" by rock band Fall Out Boy, in which the members are designed like the animal characters by the webseries' staff. The band members end up dying in the music video by a tow cable. +The program has little to no speech. When the characters do speak, their words are severely garbled. It is easy to tell what each character's reaction is, but their words are very hard to understand. According to its website, the idea for "Happy Tree Friends" was created by Rhode Montijo when he drew a yellow volkswagen rabbit, that may have evolved into the character of Cuddles, on a piece of paper and wrote "Resistance Is Futile" underneath it. +A "Happy Tree Friends" spin-off called "Ka-Pow!" premiered on September 2, 2008. One of the characters was also featured in a video titled "YouTube Copyright School", which curiously enough is not intended to be as twisted and gory. + += = = Brée = = = +Brée is a commune of 459 people (as of 1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = La Brûlatte = = = +La Brûlatte is a commune of 607 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Le Buret = = = +Le Buret is a commune of 255 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Carelles = = = +Carelles is a commune of 324 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. +At the time of writing, it has a church, a school, a bar/ restaurant and a village shop. The band (amalgamated with those of Levare and Montaidin) is a strong presence in the village and there is a local drama group which plays to villages round about during the early part of the year. The annual Fete is held on the first Sunday in July and Is not to be missed. +There is a thriving and well integrated English community established over twenty years. + += = = Chailland = = = +Chailland is a commune of 1136 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. +Chailland is also a very common last name of a family living in the United States mostly located in southeast Missouri and Southern FL. + += = = Châlons-du-Maine = = = +Châlons-du-Maine is a commune of 572 people (). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Chammes = = = +Chammes is a former commune of 328 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Sainte-Suzanne-et-Chammes. + += = = Champéon = = = +Champéon is a commune of 512 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Champfrémont = = = +Champfrémont is a commune of 248 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Champgenéteux = = = +Champgenéteux is a commune of 554 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Changé, Mayenne = = = +Changé is a commune of 5261 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Chantrigné = = = +Chantrigné is a commune of 588 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = La Chapelle-Anthenaise = = = +La Chapelle-Anthenaise is a commune of 865 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Latency = = = +In engineering, latency is the name for the time period that needs to be waited to see a result. + += = = La Chapelle-au-Riboul = = = +La Chapelle-au-Riboul is a commune of 448 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Galois field = = = +In abstract algebra, a finite field or Galois field is a field that contains only finitely many elements. Finite fields are important in number theory, algebraic geometry, Galois theory, cryptography, and coding theory. The finite fields are completely known. Finite fields were named Galois Fields to honor Évariste Galois. + += = = Appliance = = = +An appliance is a machine that only has limited functionality. A prosthesis is an example. Many appliances need electricity to work. + += = = Mayenne = = = +La Mayenne is a department the northwest of France. It was named after the river "la Mayenne" and its number is 53. It is in the region Pays de la Loire. Its population is 285,338 (1999) and its land area is 5,175 km2. The population density is 55/km2. It has 261 communes, its prefecture is Laval ans its subprefectures are Mayenne and Château-Gontier. The inhabitants are called the "Mayennais". + += = = Forward error correction = = = +In telecommunications Forward error correction (FEC) is a special code for error detection and correction. The sender adds parts of the data again. This is called redundancy. The receiver is then able to detect certain errors that came from sending data. In certain cases, the receiver can correct the error, without the need for a retransmission. +How it works. +FEC adds redundancy to the transmitted information with a known algorithm. Each redundant bit is a function of many original information bits. The original information may or may not appear in the encoded output; codes that include the unmodified input in the output are systematic, while those that do not are nonsystematic. +An extremely simple example would be an analog to digital converter that samples three bits of signal strength data for every bit of transmitted data. If the three samples are mostly all zero, the transmitted bit was probably a zero, and if three samples are mostly all one, the transmitted bit was probably a one. The simplest example of error correction is for the receiver to assume the correct output is given by the most frequently occurring value in each group of three. +This allows an error in any one of the three samples to be corrected by "democratic voting", but is a very inefficient FEC. But in practice would not work very well, but it does illustrate the principle. In practice, FEC codes typically examine the last several dozen, or even the last several hundred, previously received bits to determine how to decode the current small handful of bits (typically in groups of 2 to 8 bits). +Such triple modular redundancy, the simplest form of forward error correction, is widely used. + += = = Mayenne (river) = = = +"For other uses, see" Mayenne (disambiguation) +La Mayenne is a river in the northwest of France. Its source in the Orne, about 15 km west of Alençon. It joins the Sarthe and Loire River north of Angers to form the Maine. +It is 200 km long and its surface area is about 5 820 km2. It has an average discharge of 50 m3/s. + += = = Mayenne (disambiguation) = = = +Mayenne can refer to: + += = = Error detection and correction = = = +Error detection and correction is about methods to make sure that information or data is not corrupted, and still makes sense. The techniques help reliable delivery of digital data over unreliable communication channels. +Detecting an error. +There are different ways to make sure an error can be detected. This is done by adding more data or information to the data transmitted. Adding more data than needed is called redundancy. +Correcting an error. +There are two main ways to correct an error: + += = = Mayenne (town) = = = +"For other uses, see" Mayenne (disambiguation) +Mayenne is a commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. It is twinned with: + += = = Antecedent = = = +In grammar, an antecedent is a word or phrase that is repeated by another word or phrase. An antecedent is most often used with relative pronouns, words like "what", "that", and "who". The pronoun usually begins the relative clause and the antecedent is in the main clause. +Examples. +"I want a book that I can read". +In the example, the relative pronoun 'that' refers back to the antecedent, the word 'book'. , the main clause is "I want a book" and the relative clause is "that I can read". +Some more examples: +The relative pronouns are: , , , , . + += = = Ark-La-Tex = = = +The Ark-La-Tex, Arklatex, or ArkLaTex is a U.S. socio-economic region where Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, and Oklahoma intersect. +Cities. +cities it reach 2,500 people: + += = = Broadway theatre = = = +Broadway theatre means the theatrical performances in the 41 professional theatres, each with 500 or more seats, in the Theater District and Lincoln Center along Broadway, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City in the United States. +Broadway and London's West End together represent the highest commercial level of live theater in the English-speaking world. + += = = Central Oklahoma = = = +Central Oklahoma is the geographical name for the central region of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is also known by the Oklahoma Department of Tourism designation, Frontier Country. +Geography. +Cross Timbers makes up most of Central Oklahoma. + += = = Cherokee Outlet = = = +The Cherokee Outlet, more often referred to as the Cherokee Strip, was located in what is now the state of Oklahoma, in the United States. It was a sixty-mile (97 km) wide strip of land south of the Oklahoma-Kansas border between the 96th and 100th meridians. + += = = Cross Timbers = = = +The Cross Timbers is a semi-savanna on the southern Great Plains running from southeastern Kansas, across central Oklahoma, into central Texas. + += = = Four State Area = = = +The Four State Area is a term used to describe the four corner region of Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri and Oklahoma with the Joplin, Missouri and Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, Arkansas metropolitan areas included within. + += = = Flint Hills = = = +The Flint Hills, historically known as Bluestem Pastures, are a band of hills in eastern Kansas stretching into north-central Oklahoma. + += = = Green Country = = = +Green Country is a heavily-wooded area in northeast Oklahoma. It has many rolling hills and mountains and a lot of plants. This is different from western and central Oklahoma, which are more like the rest of the Great Plains region of the United States. + += = = Kiamichi Country = = = +Southeastern Oklahoma, also known by its official tourism name, Kiamichi Country, covers the southeastern quarter of the state of Oklahoma. + += = = Northwestern Oklahoma = = = +Northwestern Oklahoma is the geographical region of the state of Oklahoma which includes the Oklahoma Panhandle, stretching to an eastern extent along Interstate 35, and its southern extent along the Canadian River to Noble County. + += = = Ozarks = = = +The Ozarks, also called the Ozark Mountains and Ozark Plateau, are a physiographic, geologic, and cultural highland region of the central United States. It covers much of the south half of Missouri and a large portion of northwest and North central Arkansas. The region also goes westward into northeast Oklahoma and extreme southeast Kansas. The name Ozarks comes from the French "Aux Arcs". The name means "with bows" and was given by an early French explorer to the Bow Indians (Quapaw). They were native to the area that later became Arkansas. + += = = Oklahoma Panhandle = = = +The Oklahoma Panhandle is the far west part of the state of Oklahoma. It includes Cimarron County, Texas County, and Beaver County. Its name comes from the shape that looks like the handle of a cooking pan. + += = = South Central Oklahoma = = = +South Central Oklahoma, or Arbuckle Country, as officially defined by the Oklahoma Department of Tourism, is an 10-county region in the state of Oklahoma. It is centered around the Arbuckle Mountains. + += = = Southwestern Oklahoma = = = +Southwest Oklahoma is a geographical name for the southwest portion of the state of Oklahoma, largely flat and dry, southwest Oklahoma is typical of the Great Plains region of the United States. + += = = Oklahoma! (musical) = = = +Oklahoma! is a musical. The music was composed by Richard Rodgers. The lyrics were written by Oscar Hammerstein. It world-premiered on Broadway on 31 March 1943. The musical was based on "Green Grow the Lilacs", a 1931 play by Lynn Riggs. +Story. +The story is set in Oklahoma Territory outside the town of Claremore in 1906. The cowboy Curly McLain is in love with farm girl Laurey Williams. Jud Fry, a farm hand, is also in love with Laurey. The play also includes the story of another cowboy, Will, and his girlfriend, Ado Annie. +Adaptations. +"Oklahoma!" was made into a movie in 1955. +Awards. +A special Pulitzer Prize award was given to Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II for "Oklahoma!" in the category of "Special Awards And Citations - Letters" + += = = Stillwater, Oklahoma = = = +Stillwater is the county seat of Payne County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 48,394 at the 2020 census. +Stillwater is also the home of Oklahoma State University. + += = = Enid, Oklahoma = = = +Enid is the county seat of Garfield County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 51,308 at the 2020 census. + += = = Carlos Valderrama = = = +Carlos Valderrama (born 2 September 1961), also known as "El Pibe" ("The Kid"), is a retired Colombian footballer. He played for clubs in Colombia, France, Spain, and the United States. He played for the Colombia national team from 1985 to 1998. +In 2004, he was included in the FIFA 100. It is a list of "the best 125 living male and female footballers" selected by Pelé. +Club career statistics. +77||4 +17||1 +82||5 +175||16 +351||26 +International career statistics. +!Total||111||11 + += = = List of cities and towns in Oklahoma = = = +This is a list of cities and towns in Oklahoma. +In Oklahoma, cities are all those incorporated communities which are 1000 or more in population and are incorporated as cities. Towns are limited to town board type of municipal government. Cities may choose among aldermanic, mayoral, council-manager, and home-rule charter types of government. Cities may also petition to incorporate as towns. + += = = Dino Zoff = = = +Dino Zoff (; born 28 February 1942) is a former Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team. He is regarded as one of the greatest goalkeepers of all time. +Honours and achievements. +Player. +Juventus +Italy +Manager. +Juventus +Individual. +Player +Manager + += = = List of governors of Oklahoma = = = +This is a list of the governors of Oklahoma. Oklahoma is a state in the United States. The Oklahoma Territory and Indian Territory joined the United States Union as the State of Oklahoma on November 16, 1907. +The table below shows who the state governors have been. + += = = List of notable people from Oklahoma = = = +The following are people who were either born/raised or have lived for a significant period of time in Oklahoma. + += = = Clovis culture = = = +The Clovis culture was one of the first well documented Native cultures in the Americas. The Clovis people lived in the Americas about 13,000 years ago. They lived there for between 200 and 800 years. Different sources list different lengths of time in that range. +They had a special way of making tools like spear tips and knives from stones. The flint tips are called Clovis points. Artifacts that they made in this way can be found in many places in North America. The Clovis way of making tools only lasted between 500 and 1000 years. After that, other similar ways became more popular. +They are called "Clovis culture" because archaeologists first found their artifacts at Clovis, New Mexico. +The end of the Clovis culture. +A decline in the availability of megafauna, together with the population becoming less and less mobile, led to local differentiation of lithic and cultural traditions across the Americas. After this time, Clovis-style fluted points were replaced by other fluted-point traditions (such as the Folsom culture). +Clovis First (a theory). +The Clovis First theory says that the Clovis people crossed the Beringia land bridge over the Bering Strait from Siberia to Alaska during the period of lowered sea levels during the ice age, then made their way towards the south, through an ice-free corridor east of the Rocky Mountains in present-day Western Canada as the glaciers retreated. +Things that point to earlier settlement of the Americas. +"Clovis First" is one of the theories about the Settlement of the Americas. There are other ideas and research that go against "Clovis First". +Research that shows human habitation before the Clovis culture. +Archaeological sites that have been shown to be older than the Clovis culture: + += = = Mound builders = = = +Mound Builder is a general term referring to certain cultures of pre-Columbian American Indians. These cultures built various styles of earthen mounds. There were burial, residential and ceremonial purposes. The cultures cover a long period of time. This is from about 3500 BCE to the 16th century CE. This includes the Archaic, Woodland and Mississippian periods. Notable cultures were the Adena, Hopewell, Plaquemine, Fort Ancient, Coles Creek and Mississippian cultures. These groups were around the Great Lakes, the Ohio River Valley, and the Mississippi River. +The mounds were flat structures with layers. They usually were pyramids. Some mounds were like domes. Some mounds were effigy mounds. They had shapes of animals. One famous one is the Serpent Mound in Ohio. The oldest mound is probably the Watson Brake in Louisiana. Usually, elite made workers build the mounds. Some mounds were burial sites for elite people of the tribes. +There were several records of these mounds. Hernando de Soto was one of the earliest to see and record these mounds. The French artist Jacques le Moyne made paintings of these mounds. All of the mounds today are from the Woodland and Mississippian periods. +The mounds started to disappear with colonization. Disease decreased the population sizes of American Indians. Mound building ended after the 17th century. + += = = Francisco Vázquez de Coronado = = = +Francisco Vázquez de Coronado y Luján (ca. 1510 – September 22, 1554) was a Spanish conquistador, who visited New Mexico and other parts of what are now the southwestern United States between 1540 and 1542. He died in 1554. He married Beatriz De Estrada, the daughter of a colonial treasurer. He is more commonly known as "Francisco Vásquez de Coronado" or "Francisco Coronado". + += = = Seven Cities of Gold = = = +The Seven Cities of Gold is a legend from the Spanish conquest of South America. It led to several expeditions by adventurers and conquistador during the 16th century. The legend originated in New Spain, about the lost cities of Quivira and Cíbola. +The location of the golden cities appear to have been in the mountains (Cibola) of the Inca. Quivira was the location of the fabulous source of mineral wealth but it was located in Kansas and it was the Flint fire stone (Quay-Vi-ra). Well known to the Indians of North America but not the gold the Spanish lusted for. +Now famous as the Flint Hills of Kansas. + += = = Fort Gibson, Oklahoma = = = +Fort Gibson is a town in Cherokee and Muskogee counties in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 3,814 at the 2020 census. It is the oldest town in Oklahoma, it was established in 1824. It is the location of Fort Gibson National Cemetery. It is near to the end of the Cherokees' Trail of Tears at Tahlequah. + += = = Government of Oklahoma = = = +The government of the US State of Oklahoma, established by the Oklahoma Constitution, is a republican democracy modelled after the Federal government of the United States. + += = = List of counties in Oklahoma = = = +This is a list of the seventy-seven counties in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Oklahoma is ranked 20th size and 17th in the number of counties. + += = = List of regions of the United States = = = +This is a list of regions of the United States. +Census Bureau-designated areas. +Regional divisions used by the United States Census Bureau + += = = Adair County, Oklahoma = = = +Adair County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 19,495 people lived there. Its county seat is Stilwell. +History. +The county was created in 1907. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 577 square miles. + += = = Alfalfa County, Oklahoma = = = +Alfalfa County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 5,699 people lived there. Its county seat is Cherokee. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 881 square miles. + += = = Atoka County, Oklahoma = = = +Atoka County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma, and was formed in 1907 from Choctaw Lands. As of 2020, 14,143 people lived there. Its county seat is Atoka. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 990 square miles. + += = = Beaver County, Oklahoma = = = +Beaver County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 5,049 people lived there. Its county seat is Beaver. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,818 square miles. Beaver County is located in the Oklahoma Panhandle. +History. +The area now known as Beaver County was part of Mexico from 1821 until 1836. Before that, it was part of New Spain. As part of the Compromise of 1850, the new state of Texas gave up the Oklahoma Panhandle. Between 1850 and 1890, the area did not belong to any state or territory. In 1886, a group of settlers in the area formed their own government, and named the Oklahoma Panhandle the Cimarron Territory. Many of these settlers were from Beaver City. The territory was never recognized by the United States government. The area was assigned to the new Oklahoma Territory in May 1890. The State of Oklahoma was formed in 1907. + += = = Beckham County, Oklahoma = = = +Beckham County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 22,410 people lived there. Its county seat is Sayre. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 904 square miles. + += = = Blaine County, Oklahoma = = = +Blaine County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 8,735 people lived there. Its county seat is Watonga. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 939 square miles. + += = = Bryan County, Oklahoma = = = +Bryan County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. In 2020, about 46,067 people lived there. Its county seat is Durant. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 943 square miles. + += = = Caddo County, Oklahoma = = = +Caddo County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 26,945 people lived there. Its county seat is Anadarko. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,290 square miles. + += = = Canadian County, Oklahoma = = = +Canadian County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. In 2020, 154,405 people lived there. Its county seat is El Reno. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 905 square miles. + += = = Carter County, Oklahoma = = = +Carter County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 48,003 people lived there. Its county seat is Ardmore. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 834 square miles. + += = = Choctaw County, Oklahoma = = = +Choctaw County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 14,204 people lived there. Its county seat is Hugo. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 801 square miles. + += = = Cleveland County, Oklahoma = = = +Cleveland County is a county in the central part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. At the 2020 census, 295,528 people lived there. Its county seat is Norman. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 558 square miles. + += = = Coal County, Oklahoma = = = +Coal County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 5,266 people lived there. Its county seat is Coalgate. +History. +Coal County was made in 1907. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 521 square miles. + += = = Comanche County, Oklahoma = = = +Comanche County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 121,125 people lived there. Its county seat is Lawton. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,064 square miles. + += = = English Football League = = = +The English Football League (which was the Football League) is a football league in England and Wales. It was created in 1888 and was the top league in England until 1992 when the English Premier League was made. It is now a league for tiers 2-4 of English football. + += = = Alexandra (Lykrophon) = = = +Alexandra is a work by the Greek poet Lykophron, who is only known through this work. It was written between 196 and 190 BC. The work has 1474 lines, which are done in jambic trimeters. This is what most Greek tragedies were written in. +Story. +Paris left for Sparta, to abduct Helena, the wife of Menelaos. This was going to cause the Trojan War. Kassandra is left in the temple, guarded by someone instructed by Priamos, her father. The text is the report this guard gives to Priamos, about what Kassandra had said. +Kassandra (named ALexandra) first recalls how Herakles destroyed Troy. She then tells about the Trojan War. A large central part is devoted to how the Greek heroes return home. She tells about Odysseus, his travels, and how he went home to his wife Penelope. Penelope later kills him. Kassandra also tells how Aeneas successfully settled in Rome, and how Rome became a big empire. The final part of the poem is devoted to the "eternal war" between Europe and Asia, about the Persian Wars and Alexander the Great. Kassandra says that six generations after him, a relative will win over the Macendonians, which will end the warring. Kassandra's speech ends with resignation, as she cannot stop the events. The guard ends his speech with a blessing for the Trojans. +Language. +The dark language of the poem comes from its vocabulary, its use of special, and old forms of words. Of about 3000 words of the poem, 518 words are only known from this poem, 117 occur in this poem for the first time. The main problems with this poem are that the persons are usually not named. Rather they are described with what they did. Geographical places are similarly unnamed, and only described using places in them. Many scholars have tried to identify places and people, in some cases this is no longer possible though. + += = = Football League Second Division = = = +The Football League Second Division was the former 2nd division of English football. It was the 2nd division from 1892 until 1992, when the Premier League was created. It became the 3rd division after the founding of the Premier League replaced the Football League First Division as the 1st tier of football in England. It was replaced by the EFL League One in 2004. + += = = Burmese boxing = = = +Lethwei (; : ) or Burmese boxing is a full contact combat sport from Myanmar. Lethwei is considered to be one of the most brutal martial arts in the world, because headbutts are permitted and the fights are done bareknuckle (without gloves). +Definition. +This famous method of fighting with the bareknuckle hands and with the uncovered feet came in the 3rd century when the monks had wanted to be trained and to defended themselves. It is a boxing "called martial" that borrows from the Burmese warriors all their array of particular plans for gaining success in the combat. It had come popular beginning of the 11th century under the king Anawratha, with combats among tribes with no rules and with a violence without common measure. The way of facing is special very much, much often taking a certain animal behaviour and is alike only of much distant to other Eastern methods. +Rules. +In the way received from ancestors, the combat is judged by two referees and is done in a circle where every form of the blow and of the throw is permitted. The present time brought the rules as if the Eastern boxing, especially the gloves, the things that keep safe, the rounds and the ring. The technical part of the person who fights is much wide and the behaviours are produced by other methods of the combat de Burma. Many unusually interesting actions are happened, especially the flying techniques (jumping kick, knee strike and with elbow in flying), and techniques in walking of stairs (kicks and knee strike). In the past, a traditional Burmese Boxing was quite different from Thaing, for its brutal and rough side. Today, is not so, because is having good organization under the modern conditions, can be agradable see. +Technical Description : "The Entire Body is a Weapon". +Nine traditional techniques are the parts of the method of the Burmese boxing. The technical description of the lethwei include three main parts, the weapons which are used, the goals which are aims and the distances of the combat. We meet: +From a point of view of particular plan for gaining succes in the combat, and in order to learn and remember, a part of laws is established. For example, we meet the following laws: +The Cultural Part of Lethwei. +According to a customary way, the combat is performed in a circle. In the Burmese villages, still in 21st century, this fight has kept in existence its character received from ancestors. Only the appearance of an Eastern ring and of the divisions seems to be mark of the present times. +The match is judged by two referees, in order to can better separate the men who take part in it, and six referees give a points to these men. All the techniques are permitted, a man can be hit in the ground. The boxers fight during the rounds much long. The rounds are changed by complete half-times during the other matches are performed. +The set of needed things is poor, the competitor uses certain pants of boxing, wrapped hands, coconut as a something that keeps the genitals safe, leather strap among the teeth. Till the present times, many Burmese boxers have the tattooed trunk and the leg. In a certain, you can see his victories, in other - the representations of animals (eagle, serpent, leopard, tiger, etc..) suggesting force and being brave. +Lethwei yay. +Warrior dance performed in the beginning of the combat, in order to show ability and being brave. In the end of the dance, the crossed arms are hit each one of its shoulders with the opposite hand in order to announce that the boxer is hostile. A dance of victory is performed also after the decision of the referees. +Lekkha moun. +Act of providing to see de the weapons used during the combat de lethwei, by the boxer himself. He hits the opposite arm with his open hand. The act of providing to see is performed from the top towards down, at the beginning with the fists and the elbows, then with the knee and in the end with the feet. + += = = American kickboxing = = = +The word kickboxing represents a sport of combat of striking which is practised on ring. In the years 1960, in the United States, the sharp interest for the karate and for the other martial arts (kempo, kung-fu, taekwondo, bando, etc.) and the desire of several mass media does developping the things. +Various styles of martial practices developped with the various forms of contact. Many champions wanting to know the special end easy recognized qualities of their techniques, helped in causing their gradual change. Competitions were arranged in lot of different styles of combat; like Jhoon Rhee's United States National Karate Championship, the Ed Parker's Battle of Atlanta, and from the 1963 they opens on ring of Bando kickboxing (form come to have of the ancient Burmese boxing brought in from another country by the person with special skill Maung Gyi). Other important competitions like Mas Oyama's All Worth America Championship (Karate Kyokushinkai to the K.O.) has changed the traditional competitions of karate from yet arranged without contact. +Also, the Bruce Lee's (famous cinema actor, in the middle of the years 1970) and Jhoon Rhee's (Alan Steen's, Jeff Smith's and Gordon Franks's teacher) idea of fighting with protections and gloves, has opened a new way for all the persons who like "real combat". At the beginning, American kickboxing is rules of competition. Such rules allow the competitors of the various martial practices to compete in a certain kind of fighting (at the beginning that ones of the WKA - World Karate Association). If is so much the main opinion that is become one of the forms of sport of combat produced by the martial arts more practised in the world. +Among the most known world systems, loaded with the management of the professional and amateur designations as champions in the "boxes pieds-poings" we have: the WKA (World Kickboxing Association) that had been founded in the USA in the 1976, the WAKO (World Association of KickBoxing Organizations) that had been founded in Germany in the 1978 (WAKO has its origins in the organization of amateur gatherings), the ISKA (that had been founded in 1986) that came from the PKA that did the development of the full contact at the beginning and the WKN (that had been founded in the 1997). +Related pages. +Other websites. +International federations: + += = = Franco Baresi = = = +Franchino Baresi (; born 8 May 1960) is an Italian football youth team coach and a former player and manager. +Honours. +AC Milan +Individual +Orders + += = = Archerfish = = = +Archerfish (also known as archer fish, spinner fish or insect-eater) are small perciform fish. Some live in fresh water. Others live in salt water. They live in lots of places, like India, the Philippines, Australia, and Polynesia. +Archerfish eat insects and other small animals. The archerfish looks for an insect hanging over the water. The archerfish shoots drops of water out of its mouth at the insect. When the drops hit the insect, it falls into the water. Then the archerfish catches (gets) the insect and eats it. +Archerfish can eat insects up to two meters (six feet) away. Adult archerfish almost always hit the insect the first time, but young archerfish must do it many times in order to learn how. +The type species is the banded archerfish, "Toxotes jaculatrix". It is also known as the common archerfish or just archerfish. There is the common archerfish, which has a similar common name but is not the type species. The body of the "Toxotus chatareus" sooty but sometimes silvery or gold. The dorsal side is greenish-brown. +The pectoral fins are clear or "dusky" in color. Pelvic fins may be darker and heavily pigmented. + += = = John Peisley = = = +John (Jack) Peisley (1835 – 1862) Australian bushranger was born in Bathurst New South Wales in 1835. He is believed to be the first bushranger born in Australia. His name is often found spelled as "Piesley". +Early life. +John Peisley lived in the Abercrombie District with his well-known settler parents Thomas and Elizabeth. Their house was reputed a den of thieves. John Peisley was arrested in his teens for stealing. About 1840, the extended family of ticket of leave convicts Thomas Weavers and wife Sarah, previously Smith née Lake crossed the Blue Mountains to Bathurst and took up farming in the Mount Macquarie area where unofficial settlement started in 1821. The first land grant was to Thomas Icely for "Coombing Park" in 1829. Nearby land was taken up on Coombing and Fell Tree Creeks, and at Number One Swamp that developed into the village of Mount Macquarie, the latter renamed Neville in 1888. Thomas Weavers and stepson William Smith took up land together. On 12 May 1851, two horses missing from Thomas Weavers’ Mount Macquarie property were seen in the possession of seventeen-year-old John Peisley driving them and five more to the Abercrombie. He was arrested on warrant and indicted for stealing. The jury could not agree the identity of horses were sufficiently established and acquitted the accused, but he was remanded in custody, as he faced another charge of horse stealing. +Convict. +Not all Australian convicts and ticket of leave holders arrived in Australia on convict transports. Bathurst-born Colonial lad John Peisley was eventually convicted of stealing cattle and sentenced to serve time on Cockatoo Island near Sydney, now called Biloela. A prisoner who served time there was labelled a "Cockatoo Hand". There he met "Darkie" Frank Clark, who as Frank Christie, escapee from Melbourne’s Pentridge gaol in 1850 after serving five weeks of a five year sentence. In New South Wales, Clark turned to horse and cattle stealing in company with William Fogg. Convicted, he got seven years for attempting to sell stolen horses and forging horse ownership papers at Yass. +Clark, having served less than six years of his sentence, was given his ticket of leave on +31 December 1859, conditional he stayed in the Carcoar District. At Carcoar, he worked for a butcher. Two months later, he absconded to new gold diggings at Kiandra and calling himself Frank Gardiner opened a butcher’s shop selling carcasses of stolen cattle. His true identity was soon realized and warrants issued. He was arrested in May 1861, but skipped bail at Lambing Flat (now Young). He teamed up with Canadian immigrant John Gilbert and reverted to full-time crime. +Bushranger. +In December 1860, convict Peisley gained his Ticket of Leave at Scone, conditional upon him remaining in the Hunter River Valley. On 23 March 1861, fifty miles north-east of Bathurst, between Louisa Creek and Tambaroora, with fellow Cockatoo Hand named McKenzie, he robbed travelling bank officer Richard Cox Shaw carrying £565 in notes, also some gold and silver coins. Earlier bushrangers were mostly transported convicts; colony-born Peisley became the first true "Wild Colonial Boy". The robbers split and Peisley absconded to the Abercrombie Ranges he knew well. In May, at Fish River in Fogg’s ironbark slab humpy, six miles from Bigga, Peisley and Frank Clark reunited and teamed with John Gilbert as highway robbers, ‘sticking up’ travellers in the area between Bathurst, Lambing Flat, Gundagai and Yass. On 16 July morning, Sergeant John Middleton and Trooper William Hosie stationed at Tuena, descended upon Fogg’s humpy occupied by Fogg, his wife and children, Frank Clark armed with a six-shot revolver handgun, and Jim Barney, an old man. Unknown to the troopers, Peisley and Gilbert were camped one mile away. Called to surrender, Clark shot Middleton three times, in the hand, mouth and hip, and Trooper William Hosie received a glancing ball to his forehead. Clark was also wounded. They wrestled before Clark gave up and was manacled. Barney took off to warn Peisley and Gilbert. Middleton left for Bigga to get help and reinforcements. Circumstances of Hosie leaving for Bigga were disputed. Fogg claimed Hosie accepted fifty sovereigns to release Clark and to say he escaped. Hosie averred at Fogg’s trial for obstructing police, while he and Fogg escorted the prisoner along the road to Bigga, Clark escaped when bushrangers Peisley and another (Gilbert) waylaid them. Trooper Hosie reached Bigga alone mid-afternoon. Weak and delirious from loss of blood, Sergeant Middleton arrived at nightfall. Both would later recover. Reports of Crime issued July and August 1861 declared £120 rewards, £20 for Clark’s apprehension, and £50 for Peisley’s, and further sum of £50 by Government for such information as shall lead to the conviction of those concerned in the outrage of attacking and wounding the Patrol with Firearms in the Bathurst District. The report disclosed: +"On the 16th July, Sergeant Middleton and Trooper Hosie, of the Western Patrol, were attacked and severely wounded at the Fish River, by Francis Clarke, alias Jones, alias Christie, a Ticket of Leave holder, illegally at large from his district; a native of Goulbourn, New South Wales, 31 years ... wounded in the affray on left temple by a pistol-ball or whip. He was captured and afterwards released by two armed men: John Peisley, a Ticket of Leave holder, illegally at large from his district; a native of Bathurst, New South Wales, about 26, 5 feet 8 1⁄2 inches high, ruddy complexion, flaxen hair, bluish-grey eyes, long featured, pock-marked nose, several scars, arms and legs hairy, left eye spasmodic winking action... The other man is about 26 years" +The report also included weapons carried and comprehensive physical descriptions, normal clothing and by Clark (Gardiner) and Gilbert (not named). +Displeased with ill-fame attributed him, Peisley wrote the editor of the Bathurst Free Press and Mining Journal by letter dated “Fish River, 4th September, 1861.” It stated, in part: +"You will no doubt be surprised to receive a note from the (now by all account) noted Piesley; but, Sir, through your valuable paper I must make it known that, if it be my lot to be taken, whether dead or alive, I will never be tried for the rescue of Gardiner, in the light in which it is presented; nor did I ever fire at Trooper Hosie. ... I must be the Invisible Prince to commit one-tenth of what is laid to my charge. I trust I may never have to allude to this again. I love my native hills, I love freedom and detest cruelty to man or beast. Trusting you will publish this, my bold letter no doubt, but you can be assured it comes from the real John Piesley, and not any of his many representatives. I am, Mr. Editor, your much harassed writer, JOHN PIESLEY" +In the next months Clark, then more often called Gardiner, Peisley and Gilbert bushranged and retreated to the Weddin Mountains near Forbes and Cowra. Peisley separated from the gang and single-handed held up the Lambing Flat coach after it left Cowra. He then returned to Abercrombie District. +Murder. +On 27 December 1861, Peisley went to Tom McGuinness’s inn at Bigga and left the next day with fellow drinker James Wilson, stocked with wine and brandy. They rode to a nearby farm owned by William and Stephen Benyon and continued drinking and arguing with the two brothers. He accused, 17 years earlier, when he was a kid, William had swapped a horse with him, which was no good. A fight erupted and Wilson took Peisley’s revolvers, which William’s wife Martha hid in the garden. At her husband’s insistence, she returned the revolvers. Peisley pursued Stephen Benyon to the barn followed by William Benyon. Both brothers were shot by Peisley; Stephen in the arm and William in the throat; witnessed by Martha Benyon, Wilson, farmhand George Harmer, servant girl Mary Samson and Thomas Weavers. +Doctor Henry Kowland attended William Benyon the following day, and found a bullet had passed through his windpipe and lodged in the spine, paralyzing him from the neck down. He could not remove the bullet and considered the case hopeless from the start. He attended him again on 31 December, three days before he died. +Capture and demise. +A warrant issued for Peisley’s arrest for the murder of Benyon and reward for information as would lead to his apprehension and conviction. An announcement in the Government Gazette of January 1862, after the murder of Benyon, based on Report of Crime dated 29 July 1861, described Peisley: +"About 28 years of age, about 5 ft 10 in. high, stout, well made, fresh complexion, very small light whiskers, quite bald on top of head and forehead, several recent marks on face, and a mark from a blow of a spade on top of head; puffed and dissipated-looking from hard drinking, invariable wears fashionable Napoleon boots, dark cloth breeches, dark vest buttoned up the front, large albert gold guard, cabbage-tree hat and duck coat. Sometimes wears a dark wig and always carries a brace of revolvers." +On 15 January, Constables Morris, Murphy and Simpson were searching the Abercrombie area for bushrangers and spoke with Peisley near Bigga. Police gave chase but Peisley’s superior horse enabled him to escape easily. He was identified and challenged by Corporal Carroll at Tarcutta on 29 January, and again escaped on his well-bred mount. One week later, after a struggle, Peisley was captured and secured near Bootes’s hotel, Mundarlo by Mr Mackenzie and Mr Beveridge of Wantabadgerie, who delivered him to Gundagai. At his committal before the Carcoar bench, Peisley called Thomas Weavers, but he corroborated the prosecution witnesses. Committed for trail, Peisley handcuffed and chained, was taken from Carcoar to Bathurst by a large posse of armed police. +He was tried and convicted in the Bathurst Court on 14 March 1862, for the murder of William Benyon and sentenced to death. He was hanged on 25 April 1862, in the Bathurst Gaol before about fifty people. Aboriginal Jackey Bullfrog was hanged at the same time for murdering William Clarke. At the gallows, Peisley pleaded he had a drunken fight, and death was Benyon’s fault as much as his. He averred he had he had nothing to do with Gardiner’s rescue, was nowhere near Fogg’s when he got away, and nothing to do with any attempt bribe Hosie. His last words were “Goodbye gentlemen, and God bless you.” Clark using the name Christie was captured at Appis Creek, Queensland in March 1864. He served ten years of a cumulative 32-year sentence for twice wounding Trooper Hosie, with intent to kill and intent to cause harm and two counts of armed robbery. +Before and after Piesley’s hanging, John Gilbert teamed up with Ben Hall. Bushranging robberies by the end of 1864 were so troublesome that the Parliament of New South Wales rushed through a Bill, "An Act to facilitate the taking or apprehending of persons charged with certain felonies and the punishment of those by whom they are harboured." Within one month of the Act’s passing on 8 April 1865, Police shot them dead, Hall near Forbes on 6 May and Gilbert at Binalong one week later. Mourners gave them hero status. + += = = La Chapelle-Craonnaise = = = +La Chapelle-Craonnaise is a commune of 266 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = La Chapelle-Rainsouin = = = +La Chapelle-Rainsouin is a commune of 234 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Charchigné = = = +Charchigné is a commune of 396 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Karl Lagerfeld = = = +Karl Lagerfeld (born Karl Otto Lagerfeldt; 10 September 1933 – 19 February 2019) was a German fashion designer. +Lagerfeld was born in Hamburg, Germany. Many people saw him as one of the most influential persons of the late 20th century. He made fashion for many different labels, for example Chanel, Chloé and Fendi. He also owned several labels, which he started in the early 1980s. He also owned labels making perfumes. He designed clothes for many leading artists. +He had a Birman cat called Choupette. The cat has its own social media accounts. +Lagerfeld died on 19 February 2019 from pancreatic cancer in Neuilly-sur-Seine at the age of 85. Lagerfeld wrote Choupette into his will. + += = = Château-Gontier = = = +Château-Gontier is a former commune of 11,131 people (as of 1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Château-Gontier-sur-Mayenne. + += = = Châtelain, Mayenne = = = +Châtelain is a commune of 404 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Forbes, New South Wales = = = +Forbes is a town in the Central West of New South Wales, Australia. It is on the Newell Highway between Parkes and West Wyalong. There were about 7,000 living in the town in 2001. +Forbes is on the banks of the Lachlan River. It is 245m above sea-level. It is about 380km west of Sydney. The farms in the area mainly grow wheat. Nearby towns and villages include: Parkes, Bedgerebong, Bundbarrah, Corradgery, Daroobalgie, Eugowra, Ooma North and Paytens Bridge. It is home to the Ben Hall a notorius Australian bushranger. +History. +The first people to live in the Forbes area were the Australian aborigines, the Wiradjuri people. The first European was the explorer John Oxley in 1817. He called the area "Camp Hill". He did not think very much of the clay soil, poor timber and swamps. He wrote: "...it is impossible to imagine a worse country". The first settlers moved into the district in 1834 and started a station (farm) called "Bogabigal". Forbes is built on what was Arthur Rankin's farm called "Cunumbla" Station. +Gold was found at Forbes by Harry Stephens, also known as "German Harry", in June 1861. About 30,000 people moved to the goldfields, but by 1863 this had dropped to about 3,500 because mining the gold was too hard. The diggings were wet with water coming from the Lachlan River. About two thirds of the buildings were empty. +The goldfields were first called "Black Ridge". The town was named "Forbes" after Sir Francis Forbes. It is possible that the name was a mistake. The name Forbes should have been given to Hill End, New South Wales near Mudgee. Gold was found there at the same time. Gold at Forbes was first found in the area known as Halpin's Flat. The Albion Hotel, once a Cobb and Co. stage coach rest stop, has tunnels underneath it. These were used to take gold and money to and from the banks and stop it from being stolen. Farming became important after the gold mining ended. Forbes became an important stopping place on the main track for moving cattle from Queensland to Victoria. +One of Australia's most famous bushrangers, Ben Hall, was shot dead by police about 20km northwest of town on May 5, 1865. Hall and his gang were famous for stealing 77kg of gold and £3,700 from a stage coach near the town of Eugowra in 1862. He is buried in the Forbes Cemetery. +Kate Kelly, the sister of bushranger Ned Kelly, lived in Forbes. She was drowned in the Lachlan River in 1898. She is buried in Forbes Cemetery. +The railway reached Forbes in 1893. Passenger trains stopped going to Forbes in 1983. +Education. +Forbes Shire has 4 government primary schools: Forbes Primary School, Forbes North Primary School, Corinella Public School and Bedgerebong Public School. There is one private primary school, St Laurences Primary School. Forbes High School, north of Forbes, is a government school and in 2005 had about 550 students. Red Bend Catholic College at Forbes is a high school for boys and girls. It is on the site of the old Marist Brothers' College, on the banks of the Lachlan River. Red Bend has around 550 students attending in 2008. +There is also the Forbes College of Technical and Further Education (TAFE) and the Forbes Conservatorium (music). + += = = Châtillon-sur-Colmont = = = +Châtillon-sur-Colmont is a French commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Châtres-la-Forêt = = = +Châtres-la-Forêt is a former French commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune of Évron. + += = = Chemazé = = = +Chemazé is a commune of 1019 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Chémeré-le-Roi = = = +Chémeré-le-Roi is a commune of 383 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Chérancé, Mayenne = = = +Chérancé is a commune of 166 people (1999). It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Chevaigné-du-Maine = = = +Chevaigné-du-Maine is a commune of 206 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Colombiers-du-Plessis = = = +Colombiers-du-Plessis is a commune of 514 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Commer, Mayenne = = = +Commer is a commune of 1091 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Congrier = = = +Congrier is a commune of 1036 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Contest, Mayenne = = = +Contest is a commune of 765 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Cosmes = = = +Cosmes is a commune of 273 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Cossé-en-Champagne = = = +Cossé-en-Champagne is a commune. It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. About 300 people live there (as of 1999). This town has had a church since the 11th century. It is known for its frescoes. + += = = Cossé-le-Vivien = = = +Cossé-le-Vivien is a commune of 2706 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Coudray, Mayenne = = = +Coudray is a commune of 839 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Couesmes-Vaucé = = = +Couesmes-Vaucé is a commune of 383 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Couptrain = = = +Couptrain is a commune of 160 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Courbeveille = = = +Courbeveille is a commune of 488 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Courcité = = = +Courcité is a commune of 992 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Craon, Mayenne = = = +Craon is a commune of 4,659 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Crennes-sur-Fraubée = = = +Crennes-sur-Fraubée is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in northwest France. 178 people lived there in 1999. + += = = La Croixille = = = +La Croixille is a commune of 547 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = La Cropte = = = +La Cropte is a commune of 239 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Cuillé = = = +Cuillé is a commune of 849 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Daon = = = +Daon is a commune of 440 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Denazé = = = +Denazé is a commune of 148 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Désertines, Mayenne = = = +Désertines is a commune of 539 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Deux-Évailles = = = +Deux-Évailles is a former commune of 152 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, the commune was unified with Montsûrs-Saint-Céneré, Montourtier and Saint-Ouën-des-Vallons, and the new municipality took the name of Montsûrs. + += = = La Dorée = = = +La Dorée is a commune of 396 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Entrammes = = = +Entrammes is a commune of 2 108 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. The people that live there are called "Entrammais". +History. +Its name comes from the Gallo-Roman "Inter Amnes", that means "between the waters": in fact three rivers flow into its territory: the Mayenne, which gives its name to the department, the Jouanne, at the entrance of the village and the Ouette. +On its territory, in 1793, happened the battle of Entrammes. +Buildings. +�* Port-du-Salut Abbey +Sister cities. +Entrammes is twinned with: + += = = Épineux-le-Seguin = = = +Épineux-le-Seguin is a former commune of 172 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Val-du-Maine. + += = = Ernée = = = +Ernée is a commune of 5,793 people (2006). It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Évron = = = +Évron is a commune of 7 575 people (2006). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, the former communes of Châtres-la-Forêt and Saint-Christophe-du-Luat were merged into Évron. +In its territory flows the Jouanne river. + += = = Fontaine-Couverte = = = +Fontaine-Couverte is a commune of 388 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Forcé = = = +Forcé is a commune of 1017 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. +In its territory flows the Jouanne river. + += = = Fougerolles-du-Plessis = = = +Fougerolles-du-Plessis is a commune of 1566 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Fromentières, Mayenne = = = +Fromentières is a commune of 674 peoples (1999). It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department. This is in the northwest of France. + += = = Gastines = = = +Gastines is a French commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Le Genest-Saint-Isle = = = +Le Genest-Saint-Isle is a commune of 2075 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Gennes-sur-Glaize = = = +Gennes-sur-Glaize is a former commune of 790 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Gennes-Longuefuye. + += = = Gesnes = = = +Gesnes is a commune of 174 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Gesvres = = = +Gesvres is a commune of 543 people (1999). It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Gorron = = = +Gorron is a commune of 2894 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Louis Althusser = = = +Louis Pierre Althusser (Pronunciation: altulseʁ) (October 16, 1918 – October 22, 1990) was a Marxist philosopher. He was born in Algeria. He studied at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris. He became Professor of Philosophy there. He taught Michel Foucault and Jacques Derrida. +Althusser was a member of the French Communist Party. Sometimes he had bad opinions about the party. He argued against things he thought attacked the basic ideas of Marxism. Some examples are the influence of empiricism on Marxist theory, humanist and reformist socialist orientations in European communist parties, the problem of the 'cult of personality' and ideology. +Many people say that Althusser is a Structural Marxist. This is a type of Marxism based on structuralism. However, he had many different opinions about structuralism. In 1980, Althusser killed his wife. He went to a psychiatric hospital for three years. He died in 1990. + += = = Gareth Owen = = = +Gareth David Owen (born 21 September 1982) is an English-born Welsh former footballer, now working as academy director with Stoke City. +Honours. +Individual +Stockport County + += = = Gheorghe Hagi = = = +Gheorghe Hagi (born 5 February 1965) is a former Romanian football player. He has played for the Romanian national team. +Honours. +Player. +Steaua București +Real Madrid +Brescia +Barcelona +Galatasaray +Manager. +Galatasaray +Viitorul Constanța +Farul Constanta + += = = Gordon Banks = = = +Gordon Banks (30 December 1937 – 12 February 2019) was an English footballer. He has played for England national team. He is regarded as one of the greatest goalkeepers of all time. +Banks played in every game of England's 1966 FIFA World Cup victory. +Injury. +In October 1972 Banks was involved in a car crash in his car near his home in Madeley Heath. Fragments of glass perforated his right eye and damaged the retina. Surgeons put 100 micro stitches to the eye and a further 200 to his face. This effectively ended his career, though he played on for a while. +Death. +In December 2015, it was announced he was receiving treatment for kidney cancer. Banks died overnight on 12 February 2019 in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, aged 81. +Club career statistics. +510||0 +37||0 +1||0 +548||0 +International career statistics. +!Total||73||0 + += = = Carlos Sastre = = = +Carlos Sastre Candil (born 22 April 1975 in Leganés, Madrid) is a Spanish cyclist. He is retired and he won the Tour de France in 2008. He is a climbing specialist and has been very consistent, finishing consistently in the top 10 of the Vuelta and the Tour de France. A film made about his team showed that he is a man who loves his family. The title of the film is 'Overcoming'. +In 2009, his contract expired with CSC. He found work in two other teams before retiring at the end of 2011. Sastre is the only winner of the Tour de France from 2000 to 2010 who has not been involved in doping cases. + += = = Ally McBeal = = = +Ally McBeal is an American TV show that was on air from September 8, 1997, to May 20, 2002, by the Fox Channel. It is set in a law firm in Boston, Massachusetts. "Ally McBeal" is also the name of the main character played by Calista Flockhart. + += = = Last of the Summer Wine = = = +Last of the Summer Wine is a British sitcom. It ran longer than any other comedy show in the UK and longer than any other sitcom in the world. It airs on the television channel BBC One. Roy Clarke writes the show and Alan J. W. Bell produces and directs it. It started as an episode of the television show "Comedy Playhouse" and originally aired on 4 January 1973. The first series of episodes started airing on 12 November 1973. The show had broadcast its 30th series in 2009 and the 31st and final series was shown in 2010. +"Last of the Summer Wine" was filmed in and around Holmfirth, West Yorkshire, England. It features three older men who never get old and act like they are children. The three originally were Norman Clegg (Peter Sallis), Cyril Blamire (Michael Bates), and Compo Simmonite (Bill Owen). After two years, Blamire left the show. In his place, Brian Wilde joined as Foggy Dewhurst. The current cast is Russ Abbot as Hobbo Hobdyke, Burt Kwouk as Entwistle, and Brian Murphy as Alvin Smedley. +Some think the show is not as good as it used to be. Many people continue watching it, though, and praise it for portraying older people well and for its family-friendly humour. Members of the British Royal Family enjoy the show. The show has been nominated for some awards and won the National Television Award for Most Popular Comedy Programme in 1999. There have been many holiday specials, two television movies, and a documentary movie about the series. "Last of the Summer Wine" has inspired other adaptations, including a television prequel, several novelisations, and a stage adaptation. + += = = Free Software Foundation = = = +The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a non-profit corporation founded by Richard Stallman on 4 October 1985 to support the free software movement, a movement which tries to promote the universal freedom to distribute and modify computer software without restriction. The FSF was started in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, United States of America. +From its founding (when it started) until the 1990s, FSF's funds were mostly used to employ software developers to write free software for the GNU Project. Since the mid-1990s, the FSF's employees and volunteers have mostly worked on legal and structural issues for the free software movement and the free software community. +GPL enforcement. +The FSF holds the copyrights on many important pieces of the GNU system, such as the GCC. As a copyright holder, it has the power to enforce the GNU General Public License (GPL) when copyright infringement occurs on that software. While other copyright holders of other software systems used the GPL as their license, FSF was the only organization to regularly assert its copyright interests on software licensed under the GPL until Harald Welte created gpl-violations.org in 2004. +In late 2001, Bradley M. Kuhn (then Executive Director), with the help of Moglen, David Turner, and Peter T. Brown, turned these efforts into FSF's GPL Compliance Labs. From 2002-2004, high profile GPL enforcement cases, such as those against Linksys and OpenTV, became frequent. GPL enforcement and educational campaigns on GPL compliance was a major focus of the FSF's efforts during this period. +SCO lawsuit. +In March 2003, SCO filed suit against IBM alleging(saying) that IBM's contributions to some free software, including FSF's GNU, violated SCO's rights. While FSF was never a party to the lawsuit, FSF was subpoenaed on November 5, 2003. During 2003 and 2004, FSF put a lot of advocacy effort into responding to the lawsuit and removing its negative impact on the adoption and promotion of free software. +High priority projects. +The FSF maintains a list of "high priority projects" where the Foundation says that ""there is a vital need to draw the free software community's attention". The FSF says these projects are"important because computer users are continually being seduced into using non-free software, because there is no adequate free replacement."" + += = = ITS 90 = = = +The ITS 90 is the international temperature scale, published in the year 1990. It mainly is a set of fixed temperatures and instructions how to realise a practical temperature scale, being as close to the thermodynamical temperature scale as current knowledge allows. +History. +The first international temperature scale was established in 1927. An improved version came in 1948. In 1968 the IPTS 68 was issued. Note the letter P, which stands for practical. In 1975 the very low side of the scale (below 1 Kelvin) was added. Since 1990 the ITS 90 is in use. +How it works. +A list of fixed temperatures is given. This list has been produced by national laboratories from all over the world. It has been approved by the B.I.P.M. (Bureau Internationale des Poids et Mesure) in Paris. Temperatures between the fixed points can be measured, using a platinum resistance thermometer (up to 660 °C). This thermometer, however, has to be calibrated first. This is being done at a number of fixed temperatures, covering the desired range. Procedures and formulae for defining an interpolating thermometer are given as well. +An example. +Say we need a calibrated thermometer in the range from room temperature to 400 °C. A triple point of water is to be realised for 0.01 °C. For 231.928 °C there is the freezing point of tin. At 419.527 °C it is the freezing point of zinc, which serves the goal. +After having measured the electrical resistance of this thermometer at the given temperatures, the data is being fed into a prescribed formula, giving the deviation coefficients for the range from 0 to 420 °C. So, from now on we have a thermometer with which we can perform accurate measurements according to the ITS 90. +This type of calibration is called primary calibration. With the thermometer we just calibrated we can perform a secondary calibration. Then another thermometer is to be calibrated against ours. This derived calibration, of course, is a little less accurate, but can take place at any suitable temperature within the range, since our thermometer interpolates between the fixed temperatures. +For more information see the official site of BIPM + += = = Nude photography = = = +Nude photography is a style of photography which shows the nude human body as a form of art. This is different from erotic photography, and pornography which focus on sexual arousal. +For many photographers, nude photography is a study of the human body, much like some paintings did. +Photographing a named person is called portraiture. Nude photography focuses on showing the human body, and often the face is not visible. +In general, nude photography is a "planned image", not a snapshot. Nude photography wants to show a stylised depiction of the human body. Photographers sometimes use extremes of light and shadow, oiled skin, and shadows falling across the body to show the texture and structure of the body. +Nude Men are also used in photography, they are just less common. +Early photographers often showed the nudity of women like the one we see here by Félix-Jacques Moulin. Many, like Edward Weston, Jean-Christophe Destailleur, Augustao de Luca, Ruth Bernhard and Jerry Avenaim, preferred to show the lines of a body as a piece of art. They used the terms "art nude" and "figurenude" from painting to avoid suggestions that their works were meant to be erotica or pornography. + += = = Laval (Mayenne) = = = +Laval is a commune and the prefecture of the French department of Mayenne. The people that live there are called "Lavallois". +History. +Laval is a medieval city and was first mentioned during the 11th century. +Sister cities. +Laval is twinned with: + += = = Erotic photography = = = +Erotic photography is a style of photography, between nude photography and pornography. Erotic photography wants to show the more or less naked human body in a sexual context. It can be difficult to make a difference between erotic photography and pornography - in general erotic photography wants to arouse or stimulate the viewer. +This stimulation is generally not done by explicitly showing people having sex. Instead, the models in the photographs will try to create a sexual impression. For example, female models may try to appear alluring. Male models will try to convey sexual arousal, though not through a full erection. In general, erotic photography only suggests, and has a higher artistic value than pornography. + += = = Cotton County, Oklahoma = = = +Cotton County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 5,527 people lived there. Its county seat is Walters. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 642 square miles. + += = = Craig County, Oklahoma = = = +Craig County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 14,107 people lived there. Its county seat is Vinita. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 763 square miles. + += = = Creek County, Oklahoma = = = +Creek County is a county that can be found in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, about 71,754 people lived in Creek County. The county seat of Creek County is Sapulpa. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 970 square miles. + += = = EasyBCD = = = +EasyBCD is a free program developed by the non-profit NeoSmart Technologies used to configure and tweak the new Windows Vista Bootloader. EasyBCD can be used to set up dual-boots between Windows Vista and previous versions of Windows, along with Linux, BSD, and Mac OS X. + += = = Custer County, Oklahoma = = = +Custer County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It was named in honor of General George Armstrong Custer. As of 2020, 28,513 people lived there. Its county seat is Arapaho. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,002 square miles. + += = = Delaware County, Oklahoma = = = +Delaware County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 40,397 people lived there. Its county seat is Jay. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 792 square miles. + += = = Loire-Atlantique = = = +Loire-Atlantique is a department in France. It is in the Pays de la Loire region. Its capital is Nantes, which is also the region's capital. The department gets its name from the river which goes through it ("la Loire)", and because it is next to the Atlantic Ocean. +History. +Loire Atlantique is one of the first 83 departments of France created in 1790. It used to be called "Loire-Inférieure". It got its new name in 1957. +The department was part of Brittany until 1941 when the Vichy Governement separated it. Many people still think it is Brittany's capital. Some want it to be part of Brittany again. +Geography. +Loire-Atlantique is next to 4 departements: +West of it is the Atlantic Ocean. + += = = Interference = = = +In physics, interference is the effect of wave functions. A single wave can interfere with itself, but this is still an addition of two waves (see Young's slits experiment). Two waves always interfere, even if the result of the addition is complicated or not remarkable. +Something that happens when two or more waves are in the same space. Sometimes the peak of one wave joins with the peak of another wave, so the resulting peak is twice as high. Sometimes the peak of one wave falls into the trough of another wave, and the surface is then flat. When waves add their effects, it is called positive interference, or constructive interference. When one wave subtracts from the effects of the other, it is called negative interference, or destructive interference. +If two people pushed on a car in the same direction, they would move the car better than either one alone. That would be positive interference. If two people of equal strength pushed the car from opposite directions, then it would not be moved by either of them. That would be negative interference. +Constructive interference. +Constructive interference happens when two or more waves are in the same space and in phase. When this happens, the waves' amplitudes add together and the total is greater than the amplitude of any of the waves by themselves. This causes the waves to appear more intense. +At time = 0, one wave top is moving from the left and another wave is moving from the right. <br> +At time = 1, the two wave tops meet in the middle.<br> +At time = 2, the two waves have each continued moving forward and reappear again at their original heights. +Destructive interference. +Destructive interference happens when two or more waves are in the same place and out of phase. When this happens, the waves' amplitudes add together and the total is less than the amplitude of any of the waves by themselves. This causes the waves to appear less intense. +At time = 0, a wave top is moving in from the left and a wave trough is moving in from the right.<br> +At time = 1, the two waves have met in the middle. The crest (top) fills in the trough.<br> +At time = 2, the two waves have moved along in their original direct and each reappears. +Examples of interference. +After a rain, one can often see patterns when a little oil floats on top of puddles. The colors will be in the order: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet. Each of these colors of light has its own wavelength, and different parts of the oil have different thicknesses. Part of the light from the sun bounces off the top surface, in other words it bounces off the oil. Part of the sunlight bounces off the top of the water. The light waves from the oil surface and the light from the water surface meet back in the air, and they interfere. For any thickness of the oil layer, some of the light waves will add and some will subtract, so the result is that one color of light will be strongest there. +When two highly polished sheets of glass are pressed together, sometimes the distance between the two pieces will change from place to place. When that happens, the pattern that shows up is called "Newton's rings." When slide photographs are put between two thin sheets of glass for showing in a slide projector, this kind of pattern is a big problem. The same problem can show up when two microscope slides are put together. +Noise-canceling headphones use destructive interference to cut out noise from the outside. +Physics questions. +Here is a diagram of the kind of thing that produces some kinds of light interference. The distance between the top piece of glass and the bottom piece gets larger near the outside edges. +A simpler setup would be to have two flat pieces of glass in contact along one edge and a narrow angle between their two faces. If the separation between the top surface of the first piece of glass and the top surface of the second piece of glass is, at some point, such that light beams reflected from each are synchronized or in phase, then the reflected light will be bright, but if the two beams are half a cycle out of phase, then at that point the two beams will cancel each other and what reflected light there is will not be bright. + += = = Meadow = = = +A meadow is a field vegetated primarily by grass and other non-woody plants. It may be cut for hay or grazed by livestock such as cattle, sheep or goats. + += = = Dewey County, Oklahoma = = = +Dewey County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 4,484 people lived there. Its county seat is Taloga. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,008 square miles. + += = = Ellis County, Oklahoma = = = +Ellis County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 3,749 people lived there. Its county seat is Arnett. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,232 square miles. + += = = Garfield County, Oklahoma = = = +Garfield County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 62,846 people lived there. Its county seat is Enid. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,060 square miles. + += = = Garvin County, Oklahoma = = = +Garvin County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 25,656 people lived there. Its county seat is Pauls Valley. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 814 square miles. + += = = Grady County, Oklahoma = = = +Grady County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 54,795 people lived there. Its county seat is Chickasha. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,105 square miles. + += = = Battle of Honey Springs = = = +The Battle of Honey Springs was an American Civil War battle and fought on July 17, 1863. It was an important victory for Union forces in their efforts to gain control of the Indian Territory. The battle was also unique in the fact that white soldiers were the minority in both forces. +Background. +The Confederate commander in the Indian Territory at this time was Douglas H. Cooper. He wanted to capture Fort Gibson, the main Union fort in the territory. If the Confederates captured the fort, they could control the territory. Cooper had to wait along the Elk Creek, near Honey Springs. Cooper had several regiments from Texas in his army. There were several Indian regiments with the Confederates. Cooper needed reinforcements from Arkansas before he attacked the fort. +The Union commander in the terriroty was James G. Blunt. He found out about the Confederates's plans. He decided to attack first. His army had regiments from Kansas, Wisconsin, and Colorado. There were also regiments of Indians in the Union army. +The battle. +The battle started near dawn on July 17. The two armies started fighting north of Elk Creek. The Confederates slowly retreated back to the creek. The Union and Confederate soldiers fought along the creek for several hours. The Confederates started retreating when the center of their line was attacked by the 1st Kansas Colored Infantry. +Aftermath. +Cooper had to burn many of his supplies at Honey Springs to prevent Blunt from capturing them. The Confederates lost 627 casualties. The Union army lost 75 casualties. + += = = Bureau of Indian Affairs = = = +The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) was formed in 1824 to deal with Native Americans inside the United States. The BIA manages land and natural resources for Native Americans. It is responsible for the U.S. government's relationship with Native American tribes. Sometimes, it helps with infrastructure and law enforcement. +In the past, the BIA operated schools on Indian reservations. Now, the Bureau of Indian Education (BIE) provides money for schools. Some of the schools are operated by the BIE and others are operated by the tribes themselves. + += = = As Cruel as School Children = = = +As Cruel as School Children is the 3rd studio album by rap group Gym Class Heroes. It was released in July of 2006. The album contains some songs from their previous album "The Papercut Chronicles". + += = = Cattle drives in the United States = = = +A cattle drive is the process of moving a herd of cattle from one place to another, usually moved and herded by cowboys on horses. The drives usually took a long time, perhaps six months or more. The drives went up from Texas to Kansas. + += = = Oklahoma Senate = = = +The Oklahoma Senate is the upper house of the two houses of the Legislature of Oklahoma, the lower house being the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The total number of Senators is set at 48 by the Oklahoma Constitution. + += = = Oklahoma House of Representatives = = = +The Oklahoma House of Representatives is the lower house and larger body of the two houses of the Oklahoma Legislature, the other being the Oklahoma Senate. + += = = Grant County, Oklahoma = = = +Grant County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 4,169 people lived there. Its county seat is Medford. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,004 square miles. + += = = Greer County, Oklahoma = = = +Greer County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 5,491 people lived there. Its county seat is Mangum. The county is named after John A. Greer, a former governor of Texas. +History. +The county was founded in 1896, when Oklahoma was still the Indian Territory. From 1896 to 1903, the county prohibited African Americans from living in it. In 1907, land was take away from the county to form the counties of Jackson County and Beckham County. In 1909, land was once again taken away to from Harmon County. The population peak was in 1930. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 644 square miles. It has 1 city, 2 towns, and 2 unincorporated communities. + += = = Harmon County, Oklahoma = = = +Harmon County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 2,488 people lived there. The county seat is Hollis. It was named after Judson Harmon, the governor of of Ohio at the time. +History. +It was created on June 2, 1909, from land that was previously owned by Greer County. After an election on September 1, the county seat became Hollis. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 539 square miles. + += = = Harper County, Oklahoma = = = +Harper County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 3,272 people lived there. Its county seat is Buffalo. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,041 square miles. + += = = Haskell County, Oklahoma = = = +Haskell County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 11,561 people lived there. Its county seat is Stigler. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 625 square miles. + += = = Hughes County, Oklahoma = = = +Hughes County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 13,367 people lived there. Its county seat is Holdenville. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 815 square miles. + += = = Jackson County, Oklahoma = = = +Jackson County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 24,785 people lived there. Its county seat is Altus. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 804 square miles. + += = = Jefferson County, Oklahoma = = = +Jefferson County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 5,337 people lived there. Its county seat is Waurika. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 774 square miles. + += = = Johnston County, Oklahoma = = = +Johnston County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 10,272 people lived there. Its county seat is Tishomingo. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 658 square miles. + += = = Kay County, Oklahoma = = = +Kay County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 43,700 people lived there. Its county seat is Newkirk. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 945 square miles. + += = = Kingfisher County, Oklahoma = = = +Kingfisher County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 15,184 people lived there. Its county seat is Kingfisher. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 906 square miles. + += = = Kiowa County, Oklahoma = = = +Kiowa County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 8,509 people lived there. Its county seat is Hobart. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,031 square miles. + += = = Latimer County, Oklahoma = = = +Latimer County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 9,444 people lived there. Its county seat is Wilburton. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 729 square miles. + += = = Le Flore County, Oklahoma = = = +Le Flore County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 48,129 people lived there. Its county seat is Poteau. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,608 square miles. + += = = Lincoln County, Oklahoma = = = +Lincoln County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. 33,458 people lived there at the 2020 census. Its county seat is Chandler. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 966 square miles. + += = = Logan County, Oklahoma = = = +Logan County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. At the 2020 census, 49,555 people lived there. Its county seat is Guthrie. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 749 square miles. + += = = Love County, Oklahoma = = = +Love County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 10,146 people lived there. Its county seat is Marietta. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 532 square miles. + += = = Major County, Oklahoma = = = +Major County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 7,782 people lived there. Its county seat is Fairview. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 958 square miles. + += = = Flobots = = = +Flobots are an alternative rock/alternative hip hop band from Denver, Colorado. They are famous for their hit single "Handlebars". They have released three albums. + += = = GDebi = = = +GDebi is a computer program that runs on Linux and can install .deb packages. It is available with a graphical interface, but also has a command line option. +Technology. +GDebi can install local .deb packages with automatic dependency resolution (it automatically downloads and installs the required packages with apt). + += = = Marshall County, Oklahoma = = = +Marshall County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 15,312 people lived there. Its county seat is Madill. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 427 square miles. + += = = McClain County, Oklahoma = = = +McClain County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. At the 2020 census, 41,662 people lived there. Its county seat is Purcell. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 580 square miles. + += = = McCurtain County, Oklahoma = = = +McCurtain County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 30,814 people lived there. Its county seat is Idabel. + += = = McIntosh County, Oklahoma = = = +McIntosh County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 18,941 people lived there. Its county seat is Eufaula. + += = = Murray County, Oklahoma = = = +Murray County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 13,904 people lived there. Its county seat is Sulphur. + += = = Noble County, Oklahoma = = = +Noble County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 10,924 people lived there. Its county seat is Perry. + += = = Nowata County, Oklahoma = = = +Nowata County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 9,320 people lived there. Its county seat is Nowata. + += = = Okfuskee County, Oklahoma = = = +Okfuskee County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 11,310 people lived there. Its county seat is Okemah. + += = = Oklahoma County, Oklahoma = = = +Oklahoma County is a county in the central part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. At the 2020 census, 796,292 people lived there. Its county seat is Oklahoma City. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 718 square miles. + += = = Okmulgee County, Oklahoma = = = +Okmulgee County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 36,706 people lived there. Its county seat is Okmulgee. + += = = Osage County, Oklahoma = = = +Osage County is the largest county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 45,818 people lived there. Its county seat is Pawhuska. The county covers the same area as the Osage Nation reservation. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 2,304 square miles. + += = = Ottawa County, Oklahoma = = = +Ottawa County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 30,285 people lived there. Its county seat is Miami. + += = = Pawnee County, Oklahoma = = = +Pawnee County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 15,553 people lived there. Its county seat is Pawnee. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 595 square miles. + += = = Payne County, Oklahoma = = = +Payne County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. At the 2020 census, 81,646 people lived there. Its county seat is Stillwater. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 697 square miles. + += = = Pittsburg County, Oklahoma = = = +Pittsburg County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 43,773 people lived there. Its county seat is McAlester. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 906 square miles. + += = = Pontotoc County, Oklahoma = = = +Pontotoc County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 38,065 people lived there. Its county seat is Ada. + += = = Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma = = = +Pottawatomie County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. 72,454 people lived there at the 2020 census. Its county seat is Shawnee. + += = = Pushmataha County, Oklahoma = = = +Pushmataha County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 10,812 people lived there. Its county seat is Antlers. + += = = Roger Mills County, Oklahoma = = = +Roger Mills County is a county found in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, the population is 3,442. The county seat of Roger Mills County is Cheyenne. + += = = Seminole County, Oklahoma = = = +Seminole County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. 23,556 people lived there at the 2020 census. Its county seat is Wewoka. + += = = Sequoyah County, Oklahoma = = = +Sequoyah County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 39,281 people lived there. Its county seat is Sallisaw. + += = = Stephens County, Oklahoma = = = +Stephens County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 42,848 people lived there. Its county seat is Duncan. + += = = Texas County, Oklahoma = = = +Texas County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 21,384 people lived there. Its county seat is Guymon. It is named after the state it borders to the south, Texas. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 2,049 square miles. + += = = Tillman County, Oklahoma = = = +Tillman County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, the population is 6,968. The county seat is Frederick. + += = = Washington County, Oklahoma = = = +Washington County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is, in area, the third smallest county in Oklahoma. As of 2020, 52,455 people lived there. Its county seat is Bartlesville. + += = = Washita County, Oklahoma = = = +Washita County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 10,924 people lived there. Its county seat is New Cordell. It was formerly in Cloud Chief, Oklahoma. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,009 square miles. + += = = Woods County, Oklahoma = = = +Woods County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 8,624 people lived there. Its county seat is Alva. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,290 square miles. + += = = Woodward County, Oklahoma = = = +Woodward County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2020, 20,470 people lived there. Its county seat is Woodward. +Geography. +The county has a total area of 1,246 square miles. + += = = Football League Third Division = = = +The Football League Third Division was the 3rd division in English football. Its first season was the 1920–21. It would be brought back for the 1958-59 season. It was the 3rd division until the 1991-92 season. It became the 4th division in 1992, after the FA Premier League was created. It was replaced by the Football League Two in 2004. + += = = Johnny Haynes = = = +Johnny Haynes (17 October 1934 – 18 October 2005) is a former English football player. He was captain of Fulham, played for England national team and captained it. He was a forward, playing on the left wing as an outside left or inside left. Today he would be called an attacking midfield player. His job was to provide balls to the strikers. He played three times for England in the FIFA World Cup. +He has a statue outside of Craven Cottage. +Honours. +Durban City +Individual + += = = Johan Cruyff = = = +Johan Cruyff (25 April 1947 – 24 March 2016) was a Dutch football player and manager. He played for Netherlands national team. +Cruyff died of lung cancer. His son is football manager Jordi Cruyff. He is regarded as one of the greatest footballers of all time. +Honours. +Player. +Ajax +Barcelona +Feyenoord +Netherlands +Individual. +Player +Manager + += = = Om Shanti Om = = = +Om Shanti Om (transl. Peace Be With You) is a 2007 Bollywood movie directed and choreographed by Farah Khan. It stars Shah Rukh Khan and Deepika Padukone in the lead roles while Shreyas Talpade, Arjun Rampal, and Kirron Kher feature in supporting roles. Arjun Rampal is the antagonist in the movie. This is the Bollywood debut of Deepika Padukone. This movie was released on November 9, 2007, and was a blockbuster. More than forty-two well-known Bollywood stars appear in the course of the movie, thirty-one of them (not including the stars of the movie) in one song alone. The song "Deewangi Deewangi" is also notable for that reason. +Plot. +1977. +Om Prakash Makhija is a poor young boy who is a junior film artist in Bollywood and lives with his widowed mother Bela Makhija and close friend Pappu Master in a small chawl in Mumbai. He is in love with Shantipriya, a beautiful young woman who is a popular film actress in Bollywood. Om often expresses his feelings before Shanti's film poster and desires to meet her. +One night, he sneaks into the premiere of one of her films "Dreamy Girl" along with Pappu in disguise. Later that night, a drunk Om gives an emotional speech to Pappu as he dreams of becoming a great actor. Om and Pappu take small acting roles in films which are filmed at R.C. Studios, a major filming compound owned by Mukesh Mehra, a charming but egotistical person who is a wealthy and famous film producer. +While shooting one day, Shanti gets trapped in a fire that grows out of control during filming. Risking his life, Om jumps into the fire and rescues her. Shanti is grateful towards him, and the two become friends. Om lies to Shanti that he is a famous South-Indian actor to impress her. He even puts an act of the filming of his South-Indian film, but ultimately tells Shanti the truth of him being a small-time junior actor upon seeing her genuine fondness for him. +Shanti forgives Om and they spend a happy evening with each other, and she gifts him a snow globe. However, things take a turn when Om accidentally ends up overhearing a heated conversation between Shanti and Mukesh. He is shocked to discover that they have been married for two years but have not revealed it in public as that will ruin both of their careers. Shanti reveals to Mukesh that she is also pregnant with his child, leaving Om heartbroken. He avoids Shanti entirely. +The next night, Mukesh takes Shanti to the set of her upcoming film titled Om Shanti Om and tells her that they will cancel its production and have a grand marriage ceremony over there. Om reaches there to meet Shanti for the last time and return her snow globe but is dejected upon seeing her with Mukesh. He leaves from there and throws the snow globe in a fountain pond nearby. +Meanwhile, Mukesh tells Shanti that his marriage with Shanti and the unborn child will destroy his successful career. In order to prevent that, he lights up the set with fire and locks a horrified Shanti in it, in order to kill her and the unborn child. As he exits the set, Om spots Shanti in the flames and attempts to go and rescue her but is attacked by Mukesh's guards, leaving him severely injured. After they leave, he manages to enter the set but is thrown out of the building by a big explosion. Om staggers on the road as the set burns down with Shanti in it. +Om is left devastated upon witnessing this and suddenly gets hit by the car of renowned actor Rajesh Kapoor. He takes him to a hospital with his pregnant wife Lovely Kapoor who is in labor. The serious injuries of Om result in his death while still reminiscing about Shanti. Rajesh's assistant Nasser asks his surgeon to keep this a secret from Bela and Pappu. Moments later, Rajesh and Lovely are blessed with a baby boy, and they name him Om Kapoor. +2007. +30 years later, Om Kapoor is shown as a rich young man who is a superstar in Bollywood. He is the rebirth of Om Prakash Makhija. He experiences Pyrophobia and often comes across Bela who believes him to be her son and tries to take him to her house. An aged Pappu tries to make her understand that he is someone else but she pays no heed to him. Om also ignores her and leaves thinking that she has gone crazy. +He and his assistant Anwar Sheikh subsequently drive to the abandoned R.C. Studios for the filming of one of Om's films. Om recognizes the place and experiences some flashbacks of his previous life. He even finds Shanti's broken snow globe and is confused. That night, Om remembers the emotional speech he had given to Pappu in a drunken state when he wins the Filmfare Award for Best Actor. As he gives the same speech to the audience, Pappu watches his award function on TV and realizes that his friend is reborn as Om Kapoor. Meanwhile, a grand party is thrown for Om's success. Om remembers his whole previous life upon being visited by Mukesh, who now works in Hollywood and wishes to make a film with him. +Later that night, he traces Bela and Pappu and has an emotional reunion with them. The three plan to avenge Shanti's death by making Mukesh confess his crime. +The next day, Om manages to convince Mukesh to resume the filming of "Om Shanti Om" at the same ruined R.C. Studios. He auditions several actresses to find Shanti's look-alike but in vain. However, Om ends up coming across Sandhya aka Sandy, a ditzy but lovely girl who is an exact doppelganger of Shanti. He hires her without revealing his plan and ends up firing her as she is unable to act properly. On Pappu's advice, Om reveals his plan to Sandy who promises him that she will help him with his plan. +At the inaugural ceremony of the "Om Shanti Om" set, Bela scares Mukesh in the disguise of an old witch, and Om and Pappu try to light Shanti's photograph on fire to remind him of his crime. Although the setup doesn't work, the photograph is supernaturally lit by fire which disturbs Mukesh and confuses Om and Pappu. Mukesh is more horrified when Sandy appears in front of him dressed as Shanti in a make-up room. Eventually, he decides to leave for America after seeing Shanti in the footage of "Om Shanti Om" but Om asks him to wait for some days. He eventually performs the story of Shanti's life through a song in front of Mukesh during the music launch of "Om Shanti Om". However, Mukesh discovers Sandy's real identity as her body bleeds due to an injury. Mukesh attempts to chase her but is knocked unconscious by a falling chandelier. +After he regains consciousness, Om confronts him over his crime. Mukesh taunts him that he or his "duplicate Shanti" cannot convict him for the murder as there is no proof for it. Just then, Sandy reaches the scene. She reveals that after the fire in the set died down, Mukesh returned to the place. Shanti was still alive then, but he buried her alive under the chandelier. She concludes that Shanti's corpse will be found under the chandelier, which will be proof of her murder for the court. Mukesh denies her revelation and attempts to shoot her but Om attacks him and a fire breaks out on the set. He shoots him in his leg and is about to murder him but Sandy stops him, saying that Mukesh is destined to die but not in his hands. She looks at the chandelier which falls and strikes Mukesh dead. +The next moment, Om is shocked when Pappu and Anwar reach the scene along with "Sandy". As he glances back at the one in front of him, he realizes that the one who had revealed the proof of Shanti's murder and killed Mukesh was the real Shanti,- the ghost of Shanti. She was responsible for lighting the photograph with fire and knocking Mukesh unconscious too, helping him in his plan. Om reunites with Sandy and waves at Shanti who tearfully smiles at him and disappears, having finally attained peace. +The film ends with all its cast and crew approaching the set of "Om Shanti Om" and the credits roll. +Box office. +The film grossed more than 1 billion in India and $287 million in overseas and become All-time blockbuster movie in 2007 for one year. As of 2017, this film is 36th in the list of highest-grossing films. + += = = Javier Saviola = = = +Javier Saviola (born 11 December 1981) is a former Argentine football player who played in Argentina, Spain, France, Portugal, Greece, and Italy during his career. +He made 39 appearances for the Argentina national football team, scoring 11 goals. + += = = Chemoautotroph = = = +A chemoautotroph is an organism that uses inorganic energy sources for food. Then it puts together its own organic compounds using Adenosine triphosphate. Chemoautotrophs are mostly bacteria or archaea that live in hostile environments such as deep sea vents. They are the primary producers in such ecosystems. + += = = Wayne's World = = = +Wayne's World is a 1992 American comedy movie from Paramount Pictures, starring Mike Myers and Dana Carvey. It is based on a segment of the same name from television's "Saturday Night Live". It made more money than any other movie based on a SNL segment. + += = = Kenny Dalglish = = = +Sir Kenneth Mathieson "Kenny" Dalglish (born 4 March 1951) is a former Scottish football player and manager. He has played for Scotland national team. +Club career statistics. +204||112||30||11||60||35||28||9||322||167 +355||118||36||13||59||27||51||11||501||169 +559||230||66||24||119||62||79||20||823||336 +International career statistics. +!Total||102||30 + += = = Luis Oliveira = = = +Luís Airton Barroso "Lulù" de Oliveira (born 24 March 1969) is a football manager and former player. He has played for Belgium national team. +Honours. +Anderlecht +Fiorentina +Como +Individual + += = = Lachlan River = = = +The Lachlan River is an important river in central New South Wales, Australia. +Course. +The river starts in the central mountains of New South Wales, near Gunning. Other rivers that join the Lachlan River are the Boorowa River, the Belubula River and the Abercrombie River. They join the Lachlan near the town of Cowra. +Wyangala Dam was built near Cowra to control the amount of water in the river. The Lachlan does not get its water from melting snow like the Murrumbidgee River or the Murray River. It does not have a regular amount of water flowing down it. In 1944 the flow was less than 1,000 megalitres (810 acre-feet). Six years later (1950) there was a flow of 10,900,000 megalitres (8.8 million acre feet). In dry years, for example April 1944 to April 1945, the Lachlan may have no water flowing in it at all. The Lachlan has flooded every 7 years since 1887 at Forbes. +The Lachlan River flows west and then south, finishes in the Great Cumbung swamp. This swamp is near Oxley between Hay and Balranald. Water from this big (500 km2) swamp finally goes into the Murrumbidgee River. Water from the Lachlan is used for farming. +History. +The Lachlan river is in the area where the aboriginal people called the Wiradjuri lived. The Wiradjuri land has been called "the land of the three rivers, the Wambool (Macquarie), the Kalare (Lachlan) and the Murrumbidjeri (Murrumbidgee) . The Murray River was the south side of Wiradjuri land. The change from forest to open grassland was the east side." +The first European to find the Lachlan River in 1815 was Acting-Surveyor George William Evans. He named the river after Lachlan Macquarie, the Governor of New South Wales. The Lachlan River was explored by John Oxley in 1817. +In the early days of New South Wales, the south part of the Lachlan was known as "Fish River". With more exploration it was realized that two rivers were the same river and the name Fish River was dropped. +In 1870 the river flooded. The top of the flood water was measured at 15.9 metres at Cowra. Since 1887, the highest flood level at Forbes was in June 1952. The river got to 10.8m (35 feet 3 inches) at the Forbes Iron Bridge. More than 900 families had to move away. Many were saved from roof-tops by boat and helicopter. During the flood in August 1990, 132 houses in Forbes were flooded. The water covered their floors. Floods in 1992 were smaller than 1990, but Lachlan Valley farmers lost about 30 percent of their lucerne crops just before harvest. At least 500 sheep were drowned on farms in the Eugowra/Trundle area. Most of Eugowra's 400 residents were moved for safety. Other big floods were in: 1891, 1916, 1951, 1956, 1961, 1974, 1976, 1993, 1998. +Now indigenous and white people live on the Lachlan river. +Economy. +More than 100,000 people live in the Lachlan area. 14% of NSW farm goods come from the area which is about 10% of NSW. 24 local governments look after the Lachlan area. +Related pages. +Major rivers that flow into the Lachlan +Towns along the Lachlan + += = = Roberto Baggio = = = +Roberto Baggio (; born 18 February 1967) is an Italian former footballer. He played for Italy national team. +Baggio is regarded as one of the greatest footballers of all time. He is known for being technically gifted, a creative playmaker, and for his accurate free kicks and dribbling skills. +In 1993, he was named FIFA World Player of the Year and won the Ballon d'Or. In 2004, he was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100, a list of the 125 world's greatest living players. +Early life. +Roberto Baggio was born in Caldogno, Veneto. He is the son of Matilda and Fiorindo Baggio, the sixth of eight siblings. His younger brother, Eddy Baggio, was also a professional footballer who played in Serie B. + += = = Walter Winterbottom = = = +Sir Walter Winterbottom (31 March 1913 – 16 February 2002) was an English footballer and manager. He was the first manager of the England national team. He played for Manchester United for 2 years. +Winterbottom died after an operation to remove cancer. + += = = Boxing Day = = = +Boxing Day is a public holiday in the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand and Australia. It is also a holiday in many other countries in the Commonwealth of Nations. It is based on a long custom of giving gifts to poor people. It is usually celebrated on 26 December, the day after Christmas Day; In some countries the public holiday is moved to the next weekday if 26 December is a Saturday or Sunday. +In some countries, stores have sales on Boxing Day, similar to Black Friday sales in the United States. In the United Kingdom, many association football and rugby league games are played on Boxing Day. The King George VI Chase horse race in Surrey is also ran on this day. The IIHF World U20 Championship usually starts on this day. +Origins. +Boxing Day is an old custom going back to the Middle Ages. The main feature is the giving of gifts to workers or to poor people. The name has many different histories. The term might have started in England. There, servants would get money or gifts on the day after Christmas. These gifts were called "Christmas boxes". + += = = Dennis Bergkamp = = = +Dennis Nicolaas Maria Bergkamp (; born 10 May 1969) is a Dutch professional football coach and former player who was most recently the Assistant manager of Ajax. +Bergkamp was named in FIFA 100, a list of the 125 greatest living footballers made by Brazilian retired footballer Pelé. +Career statistics. +Club. +†Includes cup competitions: the KNVB Cup, Coppa Italia, Football League Cup and FA Cup. Super Cups such as the FA Community Shield are not included. +Honours. +Ajax +Inter Milan +Arsenal +Individual + += = = Fabien Barthez = = = +Fabien Alain Barthez (born 28 June 1971) is a French racing driver and former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. +Honours. +Marseille +AS Monaco +Manchester United +France +Individual +Orders +Records + += = = Civil Disobedience (Thoreau) = = = +Civil Disobedience ("Resistance to Civil Government") is a text by Henry David Thoreau. It was first printed in 1849. It says that people should not allow a government to order them to do wrong things. +About "Civil Disobedience". +In 1848, Thoreau lectured at the Concord Lyceum (a place for people to meet and learn in the town of Concord, Massachusetts). The words of the lecture were later printed with the name "Resistance to Civil Government" in 1849. Now many people call it "Civil Disobedience" which means: "not doing what the government orders you to do." +In the early 1840s Thoreau stopped paying his "poll tax" (a tax that is the same amount for everybody). He was angry that the government used tax money to make people slaves and to war with Mexico. Thoreau did not want to help them do these things. In 1846 the tax agent put Thoreau in prison for one night. Thoreau wrote "Civil Disobedience" to say why he would not pay. +Summary. +Thoreau says governments are more bad than good, and society without government would be more good. Letting people vote does not make government good, because people may vote for bad things. One person with their conscience (their feeling of right and wrong) may make decisions that are more good than decisions made by governments or by most of the people who vote. +Thoreau says the United States government, because it makes people slaves, cannot be his government. People should end such a government. To end a government is difficult, but because the government is so bad, we must end it anyway. +Most of the people Thoreau was talking to also did not like slavery or the war with Mexico. But Thoreau said they must do more than to dislike these things, or to vote against these things, or to hope these things will end. They must also stop supporting these things by paying taxes. If the government puts you in prison because you do not pay taxes, then it is good to be in prison because, if the government is bad, prison is the right place for good people. If the government attempted to put all good people in prison, the government would end first, and this would be a revolution of peace. +It is easier to be brave if you have less that the government can take from you. So Thoreau suggests that people own less, and that they value what is good and not value property only. +Famous people who liked "Civil Disobedience". +Mohandas Gandhi. +Indian leader Mohandas Gandhi (or Mahatma Gandhi) liked what Thoreau wrote. In 1907, when Gandhi was starting his first "satyagraha" fight in South Africa, he printed a short outline of "Civil Disobedience" that he wrote in an Indian language. He said that "Civil Disobedience" was the largest cause for the end of slavery in America, and that Indians in South Africa should learn from that example. +Martin Luther King, Jr.. +Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. also liked what Thoreau wrote. In his autobiography, he wrote that Thoreau taught him that it is as important "not" to help bad people as it is to help good people. He said that Thoreau's lessons "came alive" in the civil rights movement. + += = = Osvaldo Ardiles = = = +Osvaldo Ardiles (born 3 August 1952) is a former Argentine football player. He has played for Argentina national team. +Honours. +Player. +Huracán +Tottenham Hotspur +Argentina +Individual +Manager. +Swindon Town +West Bromwich Albion +Shimizu S-Pulse +Yokohama F. Marinos +Tokyo Verdy +Individual + += = = Lambing Flat = = = +Lambing Flat was the name of a gold field in New South Wales, Australia. People were digging for gold at Lambing Flat in the 1860s. It was part of the Burrangong goldfields which also included Spring Creek, Stoney Creek, Back Creek, Wombat, Blackguard Gully, and Tipperary Gully. Burrangong is now the town of Young, New South Wales. Frank Gardiner, a bushranger, had a butcher shop at Lambing Flat. Ben Hall, who also became a bushranger, sold cattle to Gardiner for his shop. +Lambing Flat Riot. +Lambing Flat is most famous for an anti Chinese riot. This was just one of a number of riots on the Burrangong goldfields between November 1860 and September 1861. Several place names are sometimes used when talking about these events. Lambing Flat, the name which is name used most often, was a grass area where sheep were kept. It was where one of the more violent riots took place. +Dislike of the Chinese. +There were many things that made the European miners dislike the Chinese miners on the gold fields in the 1850s. Most of the trouble was the way Chinese miners looked for gold. The gold was alluvial gold, small pieces of gold mixed in with soil and clay close to the surface. It was found in very old river beds called "leads" which had been buried for thousands of years. Getting the gold did not need much skill, but it was hard work. European miners worked alone or in small groups. They often left one area of ground to dig in another where others had said there was more gold. Many gold miners did not make enough money to buy food and clothing. Only a few miners became rich. +The government began to tax the miners by making them pay for "Miner's Licence". They had to pay to be allowed to dig rather than pay for the gold they had found. The miners did not like this tax. There were several angry and violent protests in Victoria and New South Wales. The most famous was at the Eureka Stockade in Ballarat, Victoria where over 30 miners were killed. +The Chinese usually worked in large groups of 30 - 100 men. They were able to share the small amounts of gold they found. They looked for gold on land that other miners had searched before. The European miners thought that the land was still their land. The Chinese miners lived and worked together. Most of them had been farmers in China. They were used to long hours of hard work. They were used to basic food and houses. It has been said that they "rarely paid for the mining leases". They were happy to find a lot of small pieces of gold, instead of looking for one big piece that would make them rich. +The first public display of anti-Chinese feelings took place in Bendigo in July 1854. Some these displays were attempts to keep the Chinese from working on the goldfields. There were fights between European and Chinese miners at Daylesford and Castlemaine. A group of Chinese on their way to the Victorian goldfields found gold at Ararat. They were forced off the new goldfield by European miners. The same things were also taking place in New South Wales. European miners forced the Chinese off the diggings at Rocky River in New England in 1856. Serious fights took place Adelong in 1857 and Tambaroora in 1858. There was a big riot at the Buckland River goldfield near Beechworth in July 1857. +Burrangong 1860. +There were not many Chinese miners in New South Wales. Victoria had cut the number of Chinese arriving by making them pay a tax of £10 to enter Victoria. The Chinese were now starting to arrive in NSW instead. The government tried to stop the Chinese coming in 1858, but the parliament would not pass the new laws. In 1860 the Chinese and British governments signed the Convention of Peking. This meant that Chinese and British people would have the same rights in each country. Australia was a British colony, so could New South Wales keep out people from China? A new law, the Chinese Immigration Regulation Bill, was being talked about in Parliament when the first gold miners were getting to Burrangong. +Trouble began in 1860 with the starting of the Miners Protective League. The European miners held big meetings, called roll ups, to force the Chinese to leave the goldfields. They would put up signs telling the Chinese to leave. At first there was not a lot of trouble. Most of the Chinese moved to another part of the goldfield, with some going back soon after. This happened a few times over the next eight months. As long as the Chinese stayed in certain places on the goldfield at Burrangong, the European miners would put up with them. +The Riot. +The most well known riot took place on the night of 30 June, 1861. A group of about 3,000 miners marched to Lambing Flat led by a brass band and two men carrying the roll up banner. They forced the Chinese to leave Lambing Flat. Tents were set on fire and items belonging to the Chinese were smashed or stolen. They then went to the Back Creek diggings and set fire to more tents. Many of the Chinese were cruelly beaten, but no one was killed. About 1,200 Chinese left the area and set up camp near Roberts' farm at Currowang, 20km away. Two things started the riot. In Sydney the parliament did not pass the anti-Chinese laws. Also an untrue story went around the goldfields. The story said that a new group of 1,500 Chinese were on the road to Burrangong. The police got to Burrangong in the next few days. They arrested three of the leaders of the riot. The miners were angry and on the night of July 14, 1,000 miners attacked the police camp. The police fired their guns and rode their horses into the miners. One miner was killed and many were hurt. +The police were forced to leave. A group of 280 soldiers, sailors and extra police came from Sydney and stayed on the goldfields for a year. The Chinese came back and lived in a separate part of the diggings. The leaders of the riots were arrested and two were sent to gaol. At the end of the year, Burrangong was quiet and the Chinese were still there. + += = = Lens = = = +Lens can mean different things: + += = = Lentil = = = +The lentil or daal or pulse ("Lens culinaris") is a bushy annual plant of the legume family. It is a kind of vegetable, grown for its lens-shaped seeds. It is about 15 inches tall and the seeds grow in pods, usually with two seeds in each. +Background. +The plant came from the Middle East and was one of the first crops domesticated in the world. Humans started eating lentils before they invented ceramics. +With 26% protein, lentils have the highest level of protein of any plant after soybeans and hemp. Because of this and their high iron content, lentils are a very important part of the diet in many parts of the world, especially in India, which has many vegetarians. +There are different kinds of lentils, including a variety of large and small lentils. Lentils come in colors that range from yellow to red-orange to green, brown and black. +Lentils are sold in many forms, with or without the skins, whole or split. Red, white and yellow lentils are decorticated, i.e., they have their skins removed. +One variety of yellow "lentils", Chana, is in fact not a lentil, but is made from the kernels of chickpeas. Split Pigeon peas (either green or yellow) - that are actually considered pulses, which include peas and beans - are also sometimes referred to and sold as lentils. The urid bean is also called a "black lentil". +Preparation. +The seeds need very little cooking. This time is especially short for lentils with their husk removed, such as the common red lentil. Lentils have a distinctive earthy flavor. They are used to prepare an inexpensive and nutritious soup all over Europe and North and South America. Sometimes they are combined with some form of chicken or pork. They are frequently combined with rice, which has a similar cooking time. In the Middle East such a dish of lentils and rice is called "mujaddara" or "mejadra". Rice and lentils are also cooked together in khichdi, a popular Indian dish. Lentils are used throughout India, the Mediterranean regions and the Middle East. In rare cases the lentils are mixed with dairy cheese. +Many people in India are vegetarian and lentils have long been part of their diet as a common source of protein. Usually, lentils are boiled to a stew-like consistency with vegetables and then seasoned with a mixture of spices to make many side dishes such as sambar, rasam and dal, which are usually served over rice and roti. +When lentils are prepared, they are first inspected for damaged lentils, stones and other foreign matter. Then they are rinsed until the water runs through and comes out clear. Some prefer to soak the lentils for a longer time and discard the water. This removes substances that may cause indigestion. The lentils are then boiled in water or broth. They may be cooked on the stovetop, or in a slow cooker. Pressure cookers are not recommended, since the small lentils may clog the pressure relief valve, and their quick cooking time means there is little benefit from pressure cooking. Cooked lentils often require thinning: adding more hot water or broth to the cooked legumes until the desired final consistency is reached. +Lentils can be sprouted as can some beans and some other edible seeds (seeds people can eat). Seeds being sprouted are watered and rinsed repeatedly till they start to germinate (grow small roots and shoots). Sprouted lentils can be eaten raw on their own or in salads, they can also be cooked. +Nutritional value. +Apart from a high level of proteins, lentils also contain dietary fiber, vitamin B1, and minerals. Red (or pink) lentils contain a lower concentration of fiber than green lentils (11% rather than 31%). "Health" magazine has selected lentils as one of the five healthiest foods. Lentils are often mixed with grains, such as rice, which results in a complete protein dish. +In addition to providing slow-burning complex carbohydrates, lentils are one of the best vegetable sources of iron. This makes them an important part of a vegetarian diet, and useful for preventing iron deficiency. Iron is particularly important for adolescents, and menstruating or pregnant women. +Production. +Lentils are relatively tolerant to drought and are grown throughout the world. About half of the worldwide production of lentils is from India, most of which is consumed locally Canada is the largest export producer of lentils in the world and Saskatchewan is the most important producing region in Canada. The Palouse Region of Eastern Washington and the Idaho Panhandle, with its commercial center at Moscow, Idaho, is the most important producing region in the United States. The Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that world production of lentils was 3.2 million metric tons (MT) in 2003. Canada produced 520,000 MT and, according to the market analysis company STAT Communications, will likely export 400,000 MT during the 2003-04 marketing year, which runs from August to July. The FAO estimates world trade in lentils totalled 1.2 million MT in 2002, with Canada exporting 382,000 MT during the calendar year. +Lentils in Culture. +Lentils are mentioned many times in the Old Testament. In Jewish tradition they are considered as food for mourners, together with boiled eggs. The reason is that their round shape symbolizes the life cycle from birth to death. + += = = La Gravelle = = = +La Gravelle is a commune of 548 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Grazay = = = +Grazay is a commune of 494 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Grez-en-Bouère = = = +Grez-en-Bouère is a commune of 981 people (2004). It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Philadelphia Soul = = = +The Philadelphia Soul was an American football team in the Arena Football League. The team had played in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They are not to be confused with the Philadelphia Eagles. They were owned by Jon Bon Jovi and Ron Jaworski, a former player for the Philadelphia Eagles. They won the Arena Bowl in 2008. By 2019, however, all the teams ceased team operations and later the league folded due to bankruptcy. + += = = La Haie-Traversaine = = = +La Haie-Traversaine is a commune of 420 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Le Ham, Mayenne = = = +Le Ham is a commune of 422 people (1999). It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Hambers = = = +Hambers is a commune of 548 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Hardanges = = = +Hardanges is a commune of 245 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Hercé = = = +Hercé is a commune of 335 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Lehigh Valley IronPigs = = = +The Lehigh Valley IronPigs are a Minor League Baseball team from Allentown, Pennsylvania. They play baseball at the Triple-A (AAA) level, the most difficult level before Major League Baseball, against other baseball teams in the International League (a group of 20 baseball teams at the same level). The IronPigs are partnered with the Philadelphia Phillies, a Major League Baseball team. When a player shows that he plays well at this level, he may be moved up to play for the Phillies. +The team is named "IronPigs" because the Lehigh Valley, the region where the team plays, is famous for making steel, which is made with pig iron. +The IronPigs play at a stadium called Coca-Cola Park, which opened in 2008. It has seats for over 8,000 people, with enough room for over 10,000 people. It cost more than US$50 million to build. + += = = Le Horps = = = +Le Horps is a commune of 734 people (1999). It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. The current mayor is Gérard Dujarrier. + += = = Houssay, Mayenne = = = +Houssay is a commune of 363 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Le Housseau-Brétignolles = = = +Le Housseau-Brétignolles is a commune of 212 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = L'Huisserie = = = +L'Huisserie is a commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. The Jouanne river is in L'Huisserie. +The D1 and D910 roads pass through L'Huisserie. + += = = Izé = = = +Izé is a commune of 477 people (1999). It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Javron-les-Chapelles = = = +Javron-les-Chapelles is a commune of 1,473 people (2006). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Jack Bauer = = = +Jack Bauer is the main character in the television series "24". He works at the Counter Terrorist Unit as a field agent. + += = = Jublains = = = +Jublains is a commune of 699 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. It is an old Roman town called Noviodunum. It includes: + += = = Juvigné = = = +Juvigné is a commune of 1,340 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Laigné = = = +Laigné is a former commune of 674 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Prée-d'Anjou. + += = = Christine Schürrer = = = +Christine Schürrer, (born 30 June 1976 in Hannover) is a German criminal. On March 17, 2008, she murdered two Swedish children and seriously injured their mother after attacking them in their Arboga, Sweden home. The reason for the murders has been identified as jealousy as Christine had dated the children's stepfather on a holiday in 2006. +On August 26, 2008, Christine was found guilty of the murders and the assault on the mother. + += = = Kampen, Netherlands = = = +Kampen is a municipality and city in the province of Overijssel, the Netherlands. About 54,000 people were living there in 2021. It lies both in Salland, Kop van Overijssel and IJsselvallei regions. +It is home of football team DOS Kampen. +The city of Kampen. +The city of Kampen lies on the western side of the IJssel river. On the other side lies IJsselmuiden, which is the second largest settlement in the municipality of Kampen. +Kampen received city rights in 1236. It joined the Hanseatic League around 1440 and used to be an important port. Kampen has one of the old town centres in best condition of the Netherlands. +Sister cities. +The sister cities of Kampen are: + += = = Landivy = = = +Landivy is a commune of 1,286 people (1999). It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Larchamp, Mayenne = = = +Larchamp is a commune of 1,017 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Spiro Mounds = = = +Spiro Mounds is an archaeological site run by the Oklahoma Historical Society and open to the public. It is in Eastern Oklahoma, near the modern town of Spiro. It is one of the most important pre-Columbian sites in the United States. + += = = Lassay-les-Châteaux = = = +Lassay-les-Châteaux is a commune of 2,532 people (1999). It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. There is also a 15th-century castle that you can visit. + += = = Laubrières = = = +Laubrières is a commune of 248 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Launay-Villiers = = = +Launay-Villiers is a commune of 350 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Lesbois = = = +Lesbois is a commune of 203 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Levaré = = = +Levaré is a commune of 358 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Lignières-Orgères = = = +Lignières-Orgères is a commune of 735 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Livet = = = +Livet is a commune of 111 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Livré-la-Touche = = = +Livré-la-Touche is a commune of 787 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Loigné-sur-Mayenne = = = +Loigné-sur-Mayenne is a former commune of 704 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of La Roche-Neuville. + += = = Loiron = = = +Loiron is a former commune of 1,273 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Loiron-Ruillé. + += = = Longuefuye = = = +Longuefuye is a former commune of 274 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Gennes-Longuefuye. + += = = 1968–69 NHL season = = = +The 1968–69 NHL season was the 52nd season of the National Hockey League. Twelve teams each played 76 games (two more than in 1967–68). For the second time in a row, the Montreal Canadiens faced the St. Louis Blues in the Stanley Cup finals. Montreal won for their second Stanley Cup in a row as they swept the Blues in four, which was exactly the same result of the previous season. +Regular season. +Final standings. +"Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes" +<br> +"Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold" +Scoring leaders. +"Note: GP = Games played, G = Goals, A = Assists, PTS = Points, PIM = Penalties in minutes" + += = = Loire River = = = +The Loire River is the longest river in France. It is 1,006 km long. It originates in the Massif Central. Its mouth is near Nantes by the Atlantic Ocean. The Loire gives its name to 6 French departments. For years, the Loire was very important for France's commerce. When the railway developed in the 19th century, it put an end to its importance. +Tributaries. +The Loire's tributaries include the following rivers, in order going upstream: + += = = Massif Central = = = +The Massif Central is a high region in south-central France. It has mountains and plateaux. It covers 15% of the country. The geological history of the massif is complicated. It is very ancient, and many things have happened to it. +The Massif Central is an ancient massif. It was formed during the Variscan orogeny, consisting mostly of granitic and metamorphic rocks. It looks younger in the East because the Alps uplifted during the Paleogene period. The crystalline base of the Massif is Proterozoic, and so is older than most types of life. +Many extinct volcanos are there. It has the largest concentration in the world, with 450 volcanos. The Auvergne Volcanoes National Park is in the massif. The Massif is separated from the Alps by the valley of the Rhone. +These departments are usually considered as part of the Massif Central: Allier, Ardèche, Aveyron, Cantal, Corrèze, Creuse, Haute-Loire, Haute-Vienne, Loire, Lot, Lozère, and Puy-de-Dôme. +Mountains. +Here are some well-known mountains in the massif central: +Geography. +The Massif Central is an important mountain range in France. The Alps, the Pyrénées, and Corsica are higher; Jura, Vosges, Morvan and Ardennes are lower. + += = = Furius ISO Mount = = = +Furius ISO Mount is a program to mount and burn iso files. + += = = Tiktaalik = = = +Tiktaalik is a genus of extinct fish. This sarcopterygian (lobe-finned) fish from the later Devonian has many features similar to those of tetrapods (four-legged animals). +"Tiktaalik" lived about 375 million years ago. It is part of the transition between fish such as "Panderichthys", known from fossils 380 million years old, and early tetrapods such as "Acanthostega" and "Ichthyostega", known from fossils about 365 million years old. Its mixture of basal fish and derived tetrapod characteristics led one of its discoverers, Neil Shubin, to call "Tiktaalik" a 'fishapod'. +This, and other species like it, prove that legs started to develop before these animals were land-based. They were shallow-water carnivorous fish, or fishapods. "Tiktaalik" was therefore a transitional fossil, and an example of mosaic evolution. + += = = Game (hunting) = = = +Game is any animal hunted for food or not normally domesticated. Small birds, ground game (such as squirrels and rabbits), and big game (such as deer and moose) are usually hunted. Game animals are also hunted for sport. In Britain, "game birds" usually means partridge, grouse, and quail. Today, most countries have game laws. In some countries hunting is a part of well preserved tradition that is kept alive as a part of national identity. + += = = Polarity = = = +In physics, polarity describes an attribute that can usually have two values: +Chemical polarity is a feature of chemical bonds, where two different atoms in the same molecule have different electronegativity. As a result, the electrons in the bond are not shared equally by the two atoms. This causes an asymmetrical (polar) electric field. Molecular covalent bonds can be described as polar or nonpolar. Entire molecules can also be described as polar. + += = = Johnny Shines = = = +Johnny Shines (April 26, 1915 – April 20, 1992) was an American blues singer and guitarist. +Life. +He was called John Ned Shines when he was born, in Frayser, Tennessee. He spent most of his childhood in Memphis playing slide guitar for money on the streets. He listened to and was inspired by Blind Lemon Jefferson and Howlin’ Wolf, but he was taught to play the guitar by his mother. Shines moved to Hughes, Arkansas in 1932 and worked on farms for three years. "First time I came to Helena was 1932, I think it was. That's the time I met Robert the first time." When he met Robert Johnson, his greatest influence, that gave him inspiration to return to music. In 1935, Shines began playing with Johnson around the south and heading as far north as Ontario where they appeared on a local radio program. The two split up in 1937, one year before Johnson died. "He (Johnson) was alright to travel with, he was a good companion to travel with, 'cos he talked a lot and I didn't." +Shines played more in the U.S. South until 1941 when he decided to go back to Canada and then to Africa. He never made it past Chicago. In Chicago, Shines found work in the construction trade and continued to play in bars. +He made his first recording in 1946 for Columbia Records, but the music was never released. He later recorded for Chess was still the music was never released. He kept playing with blues musicians in the Chicago area for several more years. In 1952, Shines recorded for J.O.B. Records record label. The recordings were a failure and Shines sold his guitar and went back to construction. +In 1966, Vanguard Records found Shines taking photographs in a Chicago blues club and had him record tracks for the third installment of "Chicago/The Blues/Today!" The album has since then become a blues classic. +Shines played with the Chicago All Stars and Lee Jackson, Big Walter Horton and Willie Dixon. In the late 1960s and 1970s, Shines played with Robert Johnson's stepson, Robert Lockwood, Jr.. In 1980, Shines stopped played after he suffered a stroke. He managed to release one last album, "Back To The Country". +In 1989, Shines met a young, blues player called Kent Duchaine, and the two of them played together for the next several years until Shines died. +Shines died on April 20, 1992, in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. He was put into the Blues Hall of Fame later the same year. + += = = Oklahoma State University = = = +Oklahoma State University is a public university in Stillwater, Oklahoma. +Sports. +Oklahoma State's men's athletic teams are called the Cowboys. The women's athletic teams are called the Cowgirls. Oklahoma State has 16 varsity teams. They compete in the Big 12 Conference. + += = = Mexico, Illinois = = = +Mexico (formerly, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Cabbegeville) is an unincorporated community, in Cook County, Illinois. It lies at an elevation of 597 feet (182 m). + += = = Oregon Trail = = = +People traveled on the Oregon Trail in wagons in order to settle new parts of the United States of America during the 19th century. The Oregon Trail started in Missouri near the area where Kansas City, Missouri is today and ended in the Willamette Valley in Oregon. The Trail was about 2,170 miles (3,500 km) long, and could take up to six months to travel. +People went to Oregon for many reasons. Some people wanted land. Some thought Oregon would be a better place to live. Most of them went because they wanted a new life. +The Oregon Trail was first traveled around 1841. Once a railroad was built across the United States in 1869, people could take trains to the western United States, so fewer people began to travel west in wagons. By that time, about 400,000 people had crossed the Oregon Trail in wagons. However, some people kept traveling the Trail until the 1880s. +Preparing to travel. +Nobody traveled the Oregon Trail alone. Instead, travelers formed groups so they could help and protect each other. Often, relatives or people from the same town would travel together. They would hire a guide that knew the Trail and would elect leaders. The groups that did best on the Trail wrote constitutions or rules that they could use to settle disagreements or problems on the Trail. +Supplies. +Animals. +People who traveled the Oregon Trail could use three types of animals to pull their wagons: oxen, mules, or horses. Most people used oxen. They were less expensive than horses and mules, and also less stubborn than mules.pp. 79–80 +They could eat grass along the Trail, unlike horses, who needed grains when they were working. Oxen were easy to train, and they usually traveled at a steady pace of 2 miles per hour, even in mud and snow.pp. 79–80 +Food. +It was very important for travelers to carry enough food and water for the trip. However, food for the trip was expensive. To feed four people for six months, food would cost about $150 - over $4,500 in today's dollars.p. 274 +Travelers often brought along a lot of dried meat and "bread stuff" (like flour, crackers, and hardtack). Boiling water was difficult on the Trail, so cooking was not always possible. Some travelers also brought other foods, like rice, peas, dried beans, or dried fruit. +Along the Trail, travelers could fish and hunt for food. Bison, antelope, and deer were the best animals to hunt for food. Travelers also ate berries that grew along the Trail, partly to help prevent scurvy. +Wagons. +Most travelers used covered wagons to travel the Trail. There were a few different styles of covered wagons. One common style, called the "Independence-style" wagon, was usually about 11 feet long, four feet wide, and two feet deep. Pieces of wood held up a cover, made of something like dried ox skin, that rose about five feet above the bottom of the wagon. +Dangers. +There were many dangers along the Oregon Trail, including disease, bad weather, drowning during river crossings, attacks by Native Americans, and many others. +It is difficult to know how many people died along the Oregon Trail. Many travelers would bury their dead in unmarked graves and would disguise the graves. For example, they would bury people right in the middle of a trail and then have their oxen run over the graves. They did this so that animals and robbers would not dig up the graves. Because of this, historians can only estimate the total number of people who died along the Oregon Trail. +Diseases. +Disease was the most common cause of death on the Trail. While travelers usually brought some medicines with them, they usually were not very helpful. +Cholera. +Cholera was the most common illness and cause of death on the Trail. From 1849-1855, there was a cholera epidemic along the trail. Up to 3% of all travelers during this time may have died from cholera. One of the causes of the epidemic was that there was no sanitation along the Trail. +For example, travelers liked to camp along the Platte River in Colorado, so they could easily get fresh water. However, as thousands of travelers used the same campsites over and over again, sewage from travelers with cholera got into the Platte River. After this, any traveler that drank water from the Platte River, or made food with that water, could get cholera. Often, cholera's symptoms would be so bad that travelers would die within 12 hours of getting sick. +Other diseases. +Other diseases common on the Trail included: +The travelers used turpentine (a poison), vinegar, and whiskey to treat headaches, muscle pain, and coughs. +Historians do not agree on how many people died from disease along the Trail. One historian, John Unruh, estimates that 6,000 to 12,500 travelers died from disease on the Trail, and another 300-500 died specifically from scurvy. However, the United States National Park Service says that as many as 30,000 people may have died from disease along the Trail. +Other dangers. +There were many other dangers along the Trail. John Unruh estimates the number of people who died from these other dangers: +Unruh estimates that 4 percent of the Oregon Trail travelers died: 16,000 out of 400,000 total travelers. However, the National Park Service says: +"The Oregon Trail is this nation’s longest graveyard. Nearly one in ten [travelers] who set off on the trail did not survive." +Life on the Trail. +A usual day on the Trail started very early, just before dawn. Nobody actually rode in the wagons unless they were sick or very young. The ride was too bumpy, too dusty, and added too much work for the oxen. Instead, people walked beside their wagons. Usually, groups traveled almost all day, except for an hour around noon for lunch. Then they kept moving until just before sunset, when they would stop to set up a campsite. Most groups traveled about 15 miles per day, though on the best days they could move 20 miles a day. Since oxen moved at about 2 miles per hour, this meant a day's travel could last up to ten hours. +About 40,000 of the travelers were children. Unless they were babies, they walked alongside the wagons and worked just like adults. Their jobs included herding animals, driving wagons, washing dishes, helping with meals, watching younger children, and collecting firewood and "buffalo chips" (dry buffalo manure, which could be used to start fires if there was no firewood). +At night, the group would move the wagons into a circle ("circle the wagons") and put their animals inside the circle. This kept them from wandering away, or being killed or stolen. If the weather was dry, people slept outside. If it was wet, people slept under their wagons. +Many travelers were very afraid of attacks from Native Americans. However, most Native Americans left the travelers alone, or even helped them by trading with them and helping them cross rivers in canoes. When Native Americans did attack travelers, the stories were told over and over again, which may have made attacks seem more common than they actually were. +Travelers who did reach Oregon looked back on the Trail with different feelings. One man named Loren Hastings said in 1847: +"I look back upon the long, dangerous and precarious emigrant road with a degree of romance and pleasure; but to others it is the graveyard of their friends." +Computer game. +In the 1970s, three student teachers in Minnesota made an educational computer game based on the Oregon Trail. The goal of the game was to successfully travel the trail from Independence, Missouri to Oregon City, Oregon. Dangers of the trail included river crossings, illnesses, sick oxen, and hunger. Over the next two decades, new versions of the game were made that added more options and included better graphics. The second version included zombies and oxen. The goal was to survive as long as you can before you die. + += = = Emancipation Proclamation = = = +The Emancipation Proclamation was an order by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln to free slaves in 10 states. It applied to slaves in the states still in rebellion in 1863 during the American Civil War. It did not actually immediately free all slaves in those states, because they were still controlled by the Confederacy. It did, however, free at least 20,000 slaves immediately, and nearly all 4 million slaves (according to the 1860 United States census) as the Union army advanced into Confederate states. Until the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1865, only the states had power to end slavery within their own borders. Lincoln issued the Proclamation as a war measure in his role as commander-in-chief. +The Proclamation made emancipation a goal of the Civil War. It also weakened efforts within England and France to officially recognize the Confederacy. As Union troops advanced into Rebel (Confederate) territory, they freed thousands of slaves per day. Many did not wait, but fled their owners to claim their freedom. +Five slave states (the Border States) had remained loyal to the Union and were not at war with the federal government. The Proclamation also did not apply to Tennessee, nor to areas within Virginia and Louisiana which Union forces already controlled. +The Proclamation. +The Proclamation was issued in two parts. On September 22, 1862, Lincoln said that in 100 days, he would free all slaves in areas not then under Union control. On January 1, 1863, he named the ten states in which the proclamation would then apply: Texas, South Carolina, North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Virginia, Florida, and Louisiana. The five border states where slavery was still legal were exempt, and so not named, because they had remained loyal to the Union and were not in rebellion. Tennessee also was not named because Union forces had already regained control there. Several counties of Virginia that were in the process of separating from that state to form the new state of West Virginia were specifically named as exemptions, as were several parishes around New Orleans in Louisiana. The next paragraph is part of a quote from the Emancipation Proclamation. +Only a small number of slaves already behind Union lines were immediately freed. As Union forces advanced, nearly all four million slaves were freed. Some former slaves joined the Union army. +Before the war was over, some of the exempted border states ended slavery within their own borders. While the Proclamation had freed slaves, it had not made slavery illegal. Lincoln sponsored a constitutional amendment to ban slavery. The Thirteenth Amendment, which made slavery illegal everywhere in the United States, was passed late in 1865, eight months after Lincoln was killed. + += = = Brooklyn Bridge = = = +The Brooklyn Bridge is one of the oldest suspension bridges in the United States. It is long. The bridge goes over the East River. It connects the New York City boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn. It is one of the leading landmarks of New York City. +The bridge was built from 1869 to 1883. It was the first fixed crossing of the East River. It was designed by John Roebling. The construction was directed by his son Washington Roebling and Washington's wife, Emily. When it was finished, it was the tallest structure in North America. +The bridge is an official landmark. It has been a National Historic Landmark since 1964. It became a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1972. +References. +Notes + += = = Shelf life = = = +Shelf life is length of time that food can be stored safely. Food cannot be kept forever. After a certain time it may go bad. . Shelf life is also used for drugs, drinks and other things that can go bad or out of date. The words are also used as a metaphor for other things which have been around too long. +In some countries, a "best before", "use by" or "freshness date" must be put on packaged foods. During this time, if the food is kept under proper conditions the quality of the food does not change. Frozen food that does not remain frozen will go bad earlier, for example. These labels do not guarantee the safety of food. They should only be used as a guide. +Shelf life is different from "expiration date". Shelf life is linked to food quality, expiration date to food safety. Something that has passed its shelf life might still be safe, but quality is no longer guaranteed. In most food stores, shelf life is controlled by using stock rotation. This means moving products with the earliest sell by date to the front of the shelf, so that most shoppers will pick them up first and take them out of the store. Stores can be fined for selling out of date products. Shops may have to mark such products down as wasted, leading to a loss of profit. +Shelf life can be changed by many things: exposure to light, heat, gases (including humidity), mechanical stresses, and contamination by things such as micro-organisms. +Product quality is often modelled using only one parameter, for example the concentration of a chemical substance, a microbiological index, or a physical parameter. Sometimes, the parameter picked is not significant. +The shelf life is an important factor to health. Bacteria are everywhere, and foods left unused too long will often get large amounts of bacteria living in them. It may be dangerous to eat them and lead to food poisoning. The shelf life itself cannot always tell how safe it is to eat a certain item of food. For example, pasteurized milk can remain fresh for five days after its sell-by date if it is refrigerated properly. In contrast, if milk already has harmful bacteria, the use-by dates do not matter. +For drugs the situation is different. If drugs are used within the expiration date, the manufacturer guarantees that they work as expected. After that date, they may still work, but they are no longer guaranteed. A study done by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration covered over 100 drugs, prescription and over-the-counter. About 90% of them were safe and effective as far as 15 years past their expiration date. Joel Davis, a former FDA expiration-date compliance chief, said that with a handful of exceptions - notably nitroglycerin, insulin and some liquid antibiotics - most expired drugs are probably effective. +Preservatives and antioxidants may be put into some food and drug products to make their shelf life longer. Some companies use induction sealing and vacuum pouches to add to the shelf life of their products. Some things can be controlled by provisions in the packaging. For example, the amber bottle used for many beers blocks damaging wavelengths of light. Transparent beer bottles do not. Packaging with barrier materials (e.g., (low moisture vapor transmission rate, etc.) extends the shelf life of some foods and pharmaceuticals. +Temperature control. +Nearly all chemical reactions will occur at common temperatures. Examples are the breakdown of many chemical explosives into more unstable compounds. Nitroglycerine is notorious. Old explosives are more dangerous (i.e., liable to be triggered to explode by very small disturbances) than more recently manufactured explosives. Rubber products also degrade as sulphur bonds induced during vulcanization revert; this is why old rubber bands and other rubber products soften and get sticky as they age. +These processes happen more quickly at higher temperatures. The usually quoted rule of thumb is that chemical reactions double their rate for each temperature increase of 10 Celsius degrees (C°) . As with all rules of thumb, there are many assumptions. This particular one is most applicable to reactions with activation energy values around 50 kJ/mole. Many of these are important at the usual temperatures we encounter. It is often applied in shelf life estimation, sometimes wrongly. There is a widespread impression. for instance in industry, that "triple time" can be simulated in practice by increasing the temperature by 15 C°, e.g. storing a product for one month at 35 °C simulates three months at 20 °C. There is enough variation that this practical rule cannot be relied upon . +The reactions needed to feed and reproduce bacteria and fungi increase at higher temperatures, up to the point that the proteins and other compounds in their cells themselves begin to breakdown, or denature, so quickly that they cannot be replaced. This is the reason high temperatures kill bacteria and other micro organisms; 'tissue' breakdown reactions reach such rates that they cannot be compensated for and the cell dies. On the other hand, 'elevated' temperatures short of these result in increased growth and reproduction; if the organism is harmful, perhaps to dangerous levels. +Just as temperature increase speeds up reactions, temperature decreases reduce them. Therefore, to make explosives stable for longer periods, or to keep rubber bands springy, or to force bacteria to slow down their growth, they can be cooled. This is the reason shelf life is generally extended by temperature control: (refrigeration, insulated shipping containers, controlled cold chain, etc.) and the reason some medicines and foods "must" be refrigerated. +Best before. +"Best before" is sometimes put on food and drink wrappers, followed by a date. It shows the date before which the supplier intended the food should be consumed. The term "best before" is also used to show the date by which the item will have outlived its shelf life, and is intended to ensure that customers will not unwittingly purchase or eat stale food. Sometimes the packaging process involves using pre-printed labels, making it impractical to write the "best before" date in a clearly visible location. In this case, a term like "best before see bottom" or "best before see lid" might be printed on the label and the date marked in a different location as indicated. +"Best Before" is usually advisory and refers to the quality of the product. "Use By" which indicates that the product is no longer safe after the specified date. +Use by. +Generally, foods that have a "use by" date written on the packaging must not be eaten after it has expired. This is because such foods usually go bad quickly and may be dangerous to eat. It is also important to follow storage instructions carefully for these foods (for example, product must be refrigerated). +Foods that have a "best before" date are usually safe to eat after the date has passed, although they may not be as good either in flavour, texture, appearance or nutrition. +Bathroom products/toiletries usually state a time in months by which, once the product is opened, they should be used. This is often indicated by a graphic of an open tub, with the number of months written inside (e.g., "12M" means use the product within 12 months of opening). +Open dating. +"Open Dating" is the use of a date or code stamped on the package of a food product to help determine how long to display the product for sale. It is also helpful to the customer and ensures that the product is at its best quality when bought. An Open Date does not supersede a Use by date, which should still be followed. +Sell by / Display until. +These dates are meant to help keep track of the stock in stores. Food that has passed its "sell by" or "display until" date, but is still within its use by / best before can still be eaten, if it has been stored correctly. It is common practice in large stores to throw away such food, as it makes the stock control process easier. It also reduces the risk of customers buying food without looking at the date, only to find out the next day that they cannot use it. Changing the posted date is illegal in many countries. +Most stores will rotate stock by moving the products with the earliest dates to the front of shelving units, which allows them to be sold first and saving them from having to be either marked down or thrown away, both of which contribute to a loss of profit. +Mark-downs. +It is also common for food approaching the use by date to be reduced in price for quick sale, with greater reductions the closer to the use by date it gets. +Software Shelf Life. +In a metaphorical sense, much software also has a shelf life. Most software products are released to market with defects, security vulnerabilities, and design flaws. Over time, some of these are discovered and patches issued which fix bugs and add functionality. The result is that, after some time, the software application is rather different than it was at first release, even with the same version level. Since correct inclusion of patches at end user sites is spotty, the actual population of that software application in the field is quite varied; some will have patches 1 and 2, others 1, 2, and 3, some others none, in all possible variations. This increases support difficulty. There have been a few attempts to address this. One commercial attempt is from Preemptive. +US Government Guidelines. +The Food & Drug Administration, which controls packaged foods and drugs, only requires a use-by, or expiration, date on infant formula and some baby foods. That's because formula must contain a certain quantity of each nutrient that is described on the label. If formula is stored too long, it loses its nutritional quality. It also separates or form lumps that will clog the bottle nipple. Except for infant formula and some baby foods, product dating is not required by federal regulations. +The Agriculture Dept., which controls fresh produce and meats, only requires labeling of the date when poultry is packed at the farm. However, many manufacturers are allowed to also add sell-by or use-by dates. +Example. +Beer freshness date. +A "freshness date" is the date used in the American brewing industry to indicate either the date the beer was bottled or the date before which the beer should be consumed. +Beer does not keep forever. It can be affected by light, air, or the action of bacteria. Although beer in the USA does not have to have a shelf life, freshness dates serve much the same purpose and are a marketing tool. +Beginnings of freshness dating. +The Boston Beer Company, maker of Samuel Adams, was among the first to start adding freshness dates to their product line in 1985. For ten years there was a slow growth in brewers adding freshness dates to their beer. The practice rapidly grew in popularity after the Anheuser-Busch company's heavily marketed "Born-On dates" starting in 1996. Many other brewers started adding freshness dates to their products, but there is no standard for what the date means. For some companies, the date on the bottle or can will be the date that the beer was bottled; others have the date by which the beer should be consumed. +Beer processing. +Before a beer is bottled, it is processed to make its shelf life longer. This can change the beer's freshness date. It may be done in several ways, not all of which will be used by a particular brewery: + += = = Red card = = = +A red card in sport is a punishment to a player of a team. It is usually given to a player who has broken the rules of the game. +In football (soccer). +In football rules, a red card means that the player is sent off the field, and is not allowed to play in the rest of the match. A player with a red card is automatically banned from his team's next game. In some cases, the player may be banned for multiple games. + += = = WWE Women's Championship (1956–2010) = = = +The World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) Women's Championship was an official championship in World Wrestling Entertainment fought for by divas. The title was unified with the WWE Diva's Championship. +History. +The WWE Women's Championship has descended from the National Wrestling Alliance World Women's Championship when The Fabulous Moolah became champion and held the title close to 30 years. The Title became inactive in 1990 when Rockin' Robin left the WWF. In 1993 Alundra Blayze won the title. However it became Inactive after Alundra Blayze dropped the title into a garbage can live on WCW Monday Nitro. This incident forced her to give up the title. +The WWE Women's Championship was then reactivated in September 1998 when Jacqueline Moore won a match against Sable. +Currently Michelle McCool, Mickie James, Melina Perez and Beth Phoenix are the only divas in the history of the WWE to hold both the WWE Women's Championship and WWE Divas Championship. +Final champion. +The final champion was Layla El who defeated Beth Phoenix in a two-on-one handicap match with Michelle McCool on Smackdown and McCool self-proclaimed herself as the co-Women's Champion. The title was unified with the WWE Diva's Championship on September 19, 2010 and retired. +References. +Notes + += = = KWord = = = +KWord is a free word processor, a part of the KOffice project and of the K Desktop Environment. +The text-layout scheme in KWord is based on frames, making it look like Adobe FrameMaker. These can be placed anywhere on the page, and can include text, graphics and embedded objects. Each new page is a new frame, but the text is able to flow through KWord’s ability to link frames together. The use of frames means that complex graphical layouts can be achieved easily in KWord. +History. +KWord was created as part of the KOffice project in 1998 using some ideas from FrameMaker such as the frames approach. The first author said that the application and its code were not the best since it was his first object-oriented application. +In 2000 the KWord application was created in a way that made it very hard to fix problems and nobody was working on the problems anymore. There had not been any official release of the application in all this time. In the same year a new maintainer started working on the application and over the duration of 2000 and the beginning of 2001 they worked to fix any problems in the code of the application. + += = = 1964–65 NHL season = = = +The 1964–65 NHL season was the 48th season of the National Hockey League. Six teams each played 70 games. Jean Beliveau was the winner of the newly introduced Conn Smythe Trophy as the most valuable player during the playoffs. The Montreal Canadiens won their first Stanley Cup since 1960 as they were victorious over the Chicago Black Hawks in a seven-game final series. +Regular season. +Final standings. +"Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes" +Scoring leaders. +"Note: GP = Games played, G = Goals, A = Assists, PTS = Points, PIM = Penalties in minutes" +Stanley Cup playoffs. +For the third straight playoffs, it was Montreal vs. Toronto and Detroit vs. Chicago in the first round. The Canadiens came beat the Leafs in six games, while the Hawks beat the Wings in seven. + += = = Nation of Islam = = = +The Nation of Islam is an African-American ethno-nationalist and religious group. It was founded in Detroit, Michigan, in 1930 by Master Farad Muhammad and re-founded in 1977 under the leadership of Louis Farrakhan. The original group founded in the 1930s changed its name to American Society of Muslims, which rejected many of its original beliefs, including black separatism. The main goal of the Nation of Islam is to bring back the spiritual, mental, social and economic condition of blacks in the United States. Since 1981, the group has been led by Louis Farrakhan. Malcolm X also was a member. +Basis. +The current headquarters for the Nation of Islam is in Chicago, Illinois. The Nation of Islam is currently lead by the Honorable Minister Louis Farrakhan through the teachings of the Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad. Elijah Muhammad met Master Farad Muhammad and was directly given lost knowledge to rebuild the children of slavery and bring them back to their original selves. +Beliefs and practices. +Religious beliefs and practices. +The Nation of Islam combines a number of religious doctrines and beliefs, primarily Islam and Dianetics. In their literature, they profess their belief in the oneness of Allah ("tawhid)" and the Qur'an. They celebrate Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. Unlike orthodox Islam, they celebrate Ramadan in the winter. Their places of worship are called mosques. They also pray five times a day, although unlike in orthodox Islam, they pray in English, not Arabic. +In addition to these Islamic beliefs and practices, the theology Nation of Islam also promotes and includes non-traditional religious beliefs. Although their contemporary website highlights their belief in the oneness of God, other sources produced by the Nation of Islam highlight their beliefs in many Gods as well. For example, Master Farad, the founder of the Nation of Islam is also considered "God in person". This is a belief that would be strongly refuted in traditional Islamic teaching. They also believe that Allah is a black man and that each cycle of history is ruled by a different God, who dies once his cycle is over. +The flag. +The flag of the Nation of Islam has the symbols of the sun, moon, and the stars. It represents the universe. It is also a banner of universal peace and harmony. + += = = World Tag Team Championship (WWE) = = = +The World Tag Team Championship was a professional wrestling tag team championship in World Wrestling Entertainment. It was the original world tag team title of WWE. In 2009 it was with the WWE Tag Team Championship to make up the Unified WWE Tag Team Championship. It was retired in 2010. The last champions were The Hart Dynasty (David Hart Smith and Tyson Kidd). +History. +The championship was first introduced into the then "World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF)" in 1971. Following its introduction into the WWWF Luke Graham and Tarzan Tyler became the first "WWWF Tag Team Champions" on June 3. In 1979 the title became known as the "World Wrestling Federation (WWF) Tag Team Championship" when the promotion renamed itself "World Wrestling Federation." +In 2001 at the Survivor Series Pay-per-view during the Invasion storyline, The Hardy Boyz, Matt Hardy and Jeff Hardy who were the current "World Tag Team Champions" and were competing for the "WWF" took on The Dudley Boyz, Bubba Ray Dudley and D-Von Dudley who were the current WCW World Tag Team Champions and were competing for "The Alliance" in a title unification match inside a Steel Cage, The Dudleyz defeated The Hardyz and were named the last WCW Tag Team Champions while also becoming the "WWF Tag Team Champions" +After the WWF/WWE name change in 2002, the championship was referred to as the "World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) Tag Team Championship". After a period where the championship was to be freely defended on either WWE Monday Night Raw or WWE SmackDown! the championship became exclusive to the Raw brand and was renamed "World Tag Team Championship". The General Manager at this time, Stephanie McMahon created new WWE Tag Team Titles which were to be exclusive to the SmackDown! Brand. +At WrestleMania 25, The Colóns (Primo and Carlito) defeated WWE Tag Team Champions The Miz and John Morrison to unify both championships (which also meant it could be defended on all three brands: Raw, SmackDown and ECW). On August 16, 2010, the World Tag Team Championship was retired in favor of continuing the WWE Tag Team Championship (which then lost the "unified" name) with Bret Hart presenting new championship belts to the final World Tag Team Champions, The Hart Dynasty (David Hart Smith and Tyson Kidd). +There have been a total of 113 recognized teams and 164 recognized individual champions, who have had a combined 176 official reigns. The team with the most reigns is The Dudley Boyz with eight. Edge has the most individual reigns with 12. Two tag teams have held the titles for 365 or more days: Demolition (Ax and Smash), whose first reign set the record at 478 days and The Valiant Brothers (Jerry and Johnny Valiant). Demolition is also the team with the longest combined reign at 698 days, while Mr. Fuji has the longest combined reign as an individual at 932 days. + += = = WrestleMania III = = = +WrestleMania III was the third yearly WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view event made by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). The event was held on March 29, 1987 at the Pontiac Silverdome in Pontiac, Michigan. +The event is particularly notable for the record attendance of 93,173, the largest recorded attendance for a live indoor sporting event in North America. Though differing numbers have been argued, the event is considered to be the pinnacle of the 1980s wrestling boom. Almost one million fans watched the event at 160 closed circuit locations in North America. The number of people watching via pay-per-view was estimated at several million, and pay-per-view revenues were estimated at $10 million. + += = = WrestleMania 2 = = = +WrestleMania 2 was the second annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (although the first WrestleMania was only on pay-per-view in select areas). It took place on April 7, 1986 at three venues: the Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in Uniondale, New York, the Rosemont Horizon in Rosemont, Illinois, and the Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena in Los Angeles, California. + += = = Arthur Mutambara = = = +Arthur Guseni Oliver Mutambara (born 25 May 1966) is a Zimbabwean politician. He became the President of a faction of the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) in February 2006. He has worked as the Managing Director and CEO of Africa Technology and Business Institute since September 2003. + += = = Kill 'Em All = = = +Kill 'Em All is the first album by Metallica, an American thrash metal band. It was released on July 25, 1983. It has sold over three million copies in the United States. When it was released most of the reviews were good. Two singles were released from the album, "Whiplash" and "Jump in the Fire". The album was going to be called "Metal Up Your Ass". However, the record label that released the album did not want this. Cliff Burton, the band's bass guitar player, said "why don't we just kill 'em all?" when talking about the record label. The band decided to use "Kill 'Em All" as the album's name. + += = = Lucy Lawless = = = +Lucille Frances Ryan (born 29 March 1968) is a New Zealand actress. When she was twenty years old, she got her first acting job in the TV program "Funny Business". In 1995, she starred in her first television series, "", becoming in an international star in this role. +Lawless is also known for her role as "D'anna Biers" in the TV series "Battlestar Galactica" between 2005 and 2008. During a break in 1997 between filming seasons on Xena, Lawless made her onstage debut singing songs on Broadway as Rizzo in the remake of the musical play Grease. +Since her role as Xena, Lawless has pursued a new career in singing after being a contestant on "Celebrity Duets". She sang at the Roxy in Hollywood in 2007, and has since performed regularly in concerts and released several CDs. She has a contralto singing range. +Early life. +She was born in Auckland on 29 March 1968. Lawless' mother, Julie, was teacher, and her father, Frank, was mayor. She has 6 brothers. She had bulimia and Depression. +Lawless began acting in secondary school, attending Marist College, New Zealand, in Mount Albert. She studied foreign languages at Auckland University for a year before dropping out and leaving for Europe with her boyfriend, Garth Lawless, to travel to Germany and Switzerland. The couple then moved to Australia, where she worked briefly as a gold miner. +Career. +Lawless wanted to act since she was five. She took her first acting class at the school. Lawless starred various national television commercials when she was a child. One of these was for McDonald's. She played an Amazon in the TV movie "Hercules and the Amazon Women", in 1994, and Lisya in his Spin-off, the TV series "" em 1995. In the same year, she plays Xena in three episodes, returning later. +In September, Xena won her own series, "", Lawless was the star in the program during 6 years. Lawless first appeared on Broadway in September 1997 in the "Grease play remake", as the "bad girl" Rizzo character. She applied to play the squeaky-clean naive blond girl Sandra Dee, but she claimed the producers after Xena had typed her to playing only "bad girls." She said the Sandy character was very similar to her sheltered childhood, growing up in New Zealand with many protective older brothers. +Lawless has since appeared onstage in the "Vagina Monologues" and as a television guest star in episodes of The Simpsons, The X-Files, Just Shoot Me!, Veronica Mars, Burn Notice, and Curb Your Enthusiasm. She was also featured in the short-lived television series Tarzan. Lawless has made cameo appearances in the movies EuroTrip, Spider-Man and Boogeyman. She returned to television in the TV movie Locusts! and its sequel Vampire Bats. +From 2005 to 2008, Lawless has had a recurring role in the television series Battlestar Galactica. She portrays D'Anna Biers, a reporter with the "Fleet News Service" who works on a critical documentary about the crew of the Galactica and is later revealed to be a Cylon. +Public image. +In 1997, Lawless was named one of the "50 Most Beautiful People in the World" by "People" magazine. Days earlier on 6 May 1997, Lawless inadvertently exposed a breast as she concluded a performance of the US national anthem at an NHL hockey game in Anaheim, California between the Mighty Ducks and Detroit Red Wings. Lawless was quoted in Newsweek as saying: +Lawless has enjoyed a particular cult status in the lesbian community. Some of the lesbian fan base sees Lawless as a lesbian icon. A group called The Marching Xenas has participated in many gay and lesbian pride parades. +Some fans felt that the sexual nature of Xena and the character Gabrielle's relationship was cemented by an interview given by Lucy Lawless to "Lesbian News" magazine in 2003. Lawless stated that after the series finale, where Gabrielle revives Xena with a mouth-to-mouth water transfer filmed to look like a full kiss, she had come to believe that Xena and Gabrielle's relationship was "definitely gay... there was always a 'well, she might be or she might not be' but when there was that drip of water passing between their lips in the very final scene, that cemented it for me". +Costume donation. +In 2006, Lucy Lawless donated her personal Xena costume to the Museum of American History. In an interview the same year with "Smithsonian" magazine, she was asked the question "Was the Warrior Princess outfit comfortable?" and she responded: +Personal life. +At the age of nineteen, Lawless became pregnant with Garth's child. In 1988, they married in Kalgoorlie, Australia. They returned to New Zealand and had a daughter, Daisy Lawless (born 15 July 1988), who also attended Marist College, New Zealand. The couple divorced in 1995. Lawless married "Xena" executive producer Robert Tapert on 28 March 1998. Lawless and Tapert have two sons: Julius Robert Bay Tapert (born 16 October 1999) and Judah Miro Tapert (born 7 May 2002), both born in Auckland. +Honours. +In the 2004 Queen's Birthday Honours, Lawless was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to entertainment and the community. + += = = Raccoon (disambiguation) = = = +A raccoon (sometimes racoon) is a mammal native to the Americas. +Raccoon may also mean: + += = = North York = = = +North York may mean: + += = = Red Army Faction = = = +The Red Army Faction or RAF (German "Rote Armee Fraktion"), was one of postwar West Germany's most active and prominent militant left-wing groups. It described itself as a communist "urban guerrilla" group engaged in armed resistance, while it was described by the West German government as a terrorist group.The RAF was formally founded in 1970 by Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin, Horst Mahler, Ulrike Meinhof, Irmgard Möller and others. The Red Army Faction operated from the 1970s to 1993, committing numerous crimes, especially in the autumn of 1977, which led to a national crisis that became known as "German Autumn".It was responsible for 34 deaths including many secondary targets such as chauffeurs and bodyguards—and many injuries in its almost 30 years of existence. It ceased activities in 1993 and disbanded in 1998. +One member was arrested in 2024, Daniela Klette. + += = = Large Hadron Collider = = = +The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's biggest and most powerful particle accelerator. It was built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). It is a giant circular tunnel built underground. The tunnel is 17 miles (27 kilometers) long, and between 50 and 175 meters below the ground. It lies beneath the border of Switzerland and France. 10,000 scientists and engineers from over 100 different countries worked together in the making of this project, and it cost 10.4 billion Swiss francs ($10 billion) to build. It is now the largest and most complicated experimental research facility in the world. +As its name states, the research at the LHC involves the collision of hadrons. A hadron is a particle which consists of a number of quarks held together by the subatomic strong force. Protons and neutrons are examples of a hadron. The LHC primarily uses the collision of protons in its experiments. Protons are parts of atoms with a positive charge. The LHC accelerates these protons through the tunnel until they reach nearly the speed of light. Different protons are directed through the tunnel in opposite directions. When they collide, they create conditions similar to the early universe. +The LHC attempts to study elementary particles and the ways they interact. Researchers have used it to learn about quantum physics, and they hope to learn much more about the structure of space and time. The observations researchers are able to make can help us learn what the universe might have been like within milliseconds after the big bang. +How it works. +The LHC ionizes Hydrogen atoms to get their protons. A Hydrogen atom consists of only one proton and one electron. When they ionize the atoms, they are removing the one electron to give it a net positive charge. The Hydrogen protons are then directed through the circle by electromagnets. In order for the magnets to be strong enough, it must be very cold. The inside of the tunnel is cooled by liquid helium. They keep the temperature at just above absolute zero. The protons hit one another at close to the speed of light and this creates lots of particles, many of which only live a short time before decaying to lighter particles. At the four collision sites, there are large detectors called ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb. +When the particles hit each other, their energy is converted into many different particles, and sensitive detectors keep track of the pieces that are created. By looking carefully at the detector data, scientists can study what the particles are made of and how the particles interact. This is the only way to detect some particles because very high energy is needed to create them. The LHC's particle collisions have the energy needed. +The LHC has three main parts to it. There is the particle accelerator, the four detectors, and the Grid. The accelerator creates the collision, but the results cannot be directly observed. The detectors turn it into usable data and send it to the Grid. The Grid is a computer network that the researchers use to interpret the data. There are 170 locations in 36 different countries which are filled with regular desktop computers. All of these computers are connected, and together they act as a supercomputer. The LHC's Grid is considered the most powerful supercomputer ever built. The computers share processing power and data storage space. +The Grid is very powerful, but it is only able to take in about one percent of the data it receives from the detectors. Its limitations have motivated attempts at creating quantum computers, which could use what the LHC has taught us about quantum mechanics in order to make faster computers. +Scientists used the LHC to find the Higgs boson, a particle predicted to exist by the Standard Model. +Some people thought the LHC could create a black hole, which would be very dangerous. There are two reasons not to be worried. The first is that the LHC didn't do anything that the cosmic rays that hit the Earth every day don't do, and these rays do not create black holes. The second reason is that even if the LHC did make black holes, they would be very tiny. The smaller a black hole is, the shorter its life. Very tiny black holes would evaporate before they could hurt people. +The LHC was first used on September 10, 2008, but it did not work because a cooling system broke. The magnets that help to move the charged particles must be cold. The failure caused part of the facility to collapse. The lab shut down for the winter and the collider was not used again until November 2009. While it was being repaired, scientists used the Tevatron to look for the Higgs Boson. When the LHC was restarted in November 2009, it set a new speed record by accelerating protons to 1.18 TeV (teraelectronvolt, or trillion electronvolt). On March 30 2010, the LHC created a collision at 3.5 TeV. + += = = S.M.A.R.T. = = = +Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology, or S.M.A.R.T. is a system to watch computer hard disks to help stop the risk of failures. It does this by watching reliability of the hard disks to try and see when a failure might happen and where. +Background. +Hard drive failures fall into two categories: +Predictable failures can be detected by certain monitoring devices. This is like a thermometer in a vehicle that can alert the driver to do something before serious damage occurs, for example because the engine is too hot. +About 60% of all drive failures are caused by mechanical failure. Most result from gradual wear. An eventual failure may be catastrophic. Before complete failure occurs, there are usually signs that failure will happen. These may include increased heat output, a more noisy drive, problems with reading or writing data and a big increase in the number of damaged disk sectors. +The purpose of S.M.A.R.T. is to warn a user or system administrator that a drive is about to fail. At the time of the warning, there is usually still time to do somethings to prevent data loss by copying the data to a different drive. About 30% of failures can be predicted by S.M.A.R.T. Work at Google on over 100,000 drives has shown little overall predictive value of S.M.A.R.T. status as a whole. The study suggests that certain sub-categories of information which some S.M.A.R.T. implementations track "do" correlate with actual failure rates. In the 60 days after the first scan error on a drive, the drive is 39 times more likely to fail on average than it would have been had no such error occurred. Also, first errors in reallocations, offline reallocations and probational counts have higher probabilities of failure. +PCTechGuide's page on S.M.A.R.T. commented in 2003 that the technology had gone through three phases: +History and predecessors. +The first hard disk monitoring technology was introduced by IBM in 1992 in their IBM 9337 Disk Arrays for AS/400 servers using IBM 0662 SCSI-2 disk drives. Later it was named Predictive Failure Analysis technology. It was measuring several key device health parameters and evaluating them within the drive firmware. Communications between the physical unit and the monitoring software were limited to a binary result – either "device is OK" or "drive is likely to fail soon". +Later, another variant, which was named IntelliSafe, was created by computer manufacturer Compaq and disk drive manufacturers Seagate, Quantum, and Conner. The disk drives would measure the disk’s "health parameters", and the values would be transferred to the operating system and user-space monitoring software. Each disk drive vendor was free to decide which parameters were to be included for monitoring, and what their thresholds should be. The unification was at the protocol level with the host. +Compaq submitted their implementation to Small Form Committee for standardization in early 1995. It was supported by IBM, by Compaq's development partners Seagate, Quantum, and Conner, and by Western Digital, who did not have a failure prediction system at the time. The Committee chose IntelliSafe's approach, as it provided more flexibility. The resulting jointly developed standard was named S.M.A.R.T. +SMART Information. +The technical documentation for SMART is in the AT Attachment standard. +The most basic information that SMART provides is the SMART status. It provides only two values: "threshold not exceeded" and "threshold exceeded". Often these are represented as "drive OK" or "drive fail" respectively. A "threshold exceeded" value is intended to indicate that there is a relatively high probability that the drive will not be able to honour its specification in the future – that is, the drive is "about to fail". The predicted failure may be catastrophic or may be something as subtle as the inability to write to certain sectors, or perhaps slower performance than the manufacturer's declared minimum. +The SMART status does not necessarily indicate the drive's past or present reliability. If a drive has already failed catastrophically, the SMART status may be inaccessible. Alternatively, if a drive has experienced problems in the past, but the sensors no longer detect such problems, the SMART status may, depending on the manufacturer's programming, suggest that the drive is now sound. +The inability to "read" some sectors is not always an indication that a drive is about to fail. One way that unreadable sectors may be created, even when the drive is functioning within specification, is through a sudden power failure while the drive is writing. In order to prevent this problem, modern hard drives will always finish writing at least the current sector immediately after the power fails (typically using rotational energy from the disk). Also, even if the physical disk is damaged at one location, such that a certain sector is unreadable, the disk may be able to use spare space to replace the bad area, so that the sector can be overwritten. +More detail on the health of the drive may be obtained by examining the SMART Attributes. SMART Attributes were included in some drafts of the ATA standard, but were removed before the standard became final. The meaning and interpretation of the attributes varies between manufacturers, and are sometimes considered a trade secret for one manufacturer or another. Attributes are further discussed below. +Drives with SMART may support a number of 'logs'. The "error log" records information about the most recent errors that the drive has reported back to the host computer. Examining this log may help to determine whether computer problems are disk-related or caused by something else. +A drive supporting SMART may support a number of self-test or maintenance routines, and the results of the tests are kept in the "self-test log". The self-test routines may be used to detect any unreadable sectors on the disk, so that they may be restored from back-up sources (for example, from other disks in a RAID). +Standards and implementation. +Many motherboards will display a warning message when a disk drive is approaching failure. Although an industry standard among most major hard drive manufacturers, there are some remaining issues and much proprietary "secret knowledge" held by individual manufacturers as to their specific approach. +The term "S.M.A.R.T." refers only to a signalling method between internal disk drive electromechanical sensors and the host computer. Hence, a drive may be claimed by its manufacturers to include S.M.A.R.T. support even if it does not include, say, a temperature sensor, which the customer might reasonably expect to be present. +Depending on the type of interface being used, some S.M.A.R.T.-enabled motherboards and related software may not communicate with certain S.M.A.R.T.-capable drives. For example, few external drives connected via USB and Firewire correctly send S.M.A.R.T. data over those interfaces. With so many ways to connect a hard drive (SCSI, Fibre Channel, ATA, SATA, SAS, SSA, and so on), it is difficult to predict whether S.M.A.R.T. reports will function correctly in a given system. +Even on hard drives and interfaces that support it, S.M.A.R.T. information may not be reported correctly to the computer's operating system. Some disk controllers can duplicate all write operations on a secondary "back-up" drive in real time. This feature is known as "RAID mirroring". However, many programs which are designed to analyze changes in drive behaviour and relay S.M.A.R.T. alerts to the operator do not function properly when a computer system is configured for RAID support. Generally this is because, under normal RAID operational conditions, the computer is not permitted by the RAID subsystem to 'see' (or directly access) individual physical drives, but may access only logical volumes instead. +On the Windows platform, many programs designed to monitor and report S.M.A.R.T. information will function only under an administrator account. At present, S.M.A.R.T. is implemented individually by manufacturers, and while some aspects are standardized for compatibility, others are not. +ATA S.M.A.R.T. Attributes. +Each drive manufacturer defines a set of attributes, and sets threshold values beyond which attributes should not pass under normal operation. Each attribute has a "raw value", whose meaning is entirely up to the drive manufacturer (but often corresponds to counts or a physical unit, such degrees Celsius or seconds), and a normalized value, which ranges from 1 to 253 (with 1 representing the worst case and 253 representing the best). Depending on the manufacturer, a value of 100 or 200 will often be chosen as the "normal" value. +Threshold Exceeds Condition. +Threshold Exceeds Condition (TEC) is a supposed date when a critical drive statistic attribute will reach its threshold value. When Drive Health software reports a "Nearest T.E.C.", it should be regarded as a "Failure date". +Prognosis of this date is based on the factor "Speed of attribute change"; how many points each month the value is decreasing or increasing. This is calculated automatically at any change of S.M.A.R.T. attributes for each attribute individually. Note that TEC dates are not guarantees; hard drives can and will either last much longer or fail much sooner than the date given by a TEC. + += = = Uncomplicated Firewall = = = +Uncomplicated Firewall is a firewall for host-based iptables firewall configuration. +Graphical interface. +A graphical user interface exists, called "GUI for Uncomplicated Firewall" + += = = Good Morning (Kanye West song) = = = +"Good Morning" is a single on Kanye West's 3rd studio album "Graduation". The song was released in late August 2007 on iTunes. "Good Morning" is the 1st track on the album. It has samples of "Someone Saved My Life Tonight" as sung by Elton John.Additional vocals were provided by Connie Mitchell, Tony "Penafire" Williams, and Jay-Z. + += = = Loupfougères = = = +Loupfougères is a commune of 368 people (1999). It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Louverné = = = +Louverné is a commune of 3,538 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Louvigné = = = +Louvigné is a commune of 774 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Madré = = = +Madré is a commune in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Maisoncelles-du-Maine = = = +Maisoncelles-du-Maine is a commune of 400 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Marcillé-la-Ville = = = +Marcillé-la-Ville is a commune of 740 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Marigné-Peuton = = = +Marigné-Peuton is a commune of 487 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Martigné-sur-Mayenne = = = +Martigné-sur-Mayenne is a commune of 1,309 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Mée, Mayenne = = = +Mée is a commune of 171 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Ménil = = = +Ménil is a commune of 785 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Méral = = = +Méral is a commune of 913 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Meslay-du-Maine = = = +Meslay-du-Maine is a commune of 2,616 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Mézangers = = = +Mézangers is a commune of 700 people (3 March 2005). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Montaudin = = = +Montaudin is a commune of 914 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Montenay = = = +Montenay is a commune of 1,399 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. The name of the place occurred as "Montaniaco" in the ninth century, and as "Monteneio" en 1225. It probably comes from the Latin "Montanus". The area was probably settled in Neolithic times (5000-3000 BC). There is a dolmen and a groove nearby. The groove is called St. Guillaume's stone, and is located about 3km from the village. + += = = Montflours = = = +Montflours is a commune of 204 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Montigné-le-Brillant = = = +Montigné-le-Brillant is a commune of 1,234 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Montjean, Mayenne = = = +Montjean is a commune of 797 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Montourtier = = = +Montourtier is a former commune of 326 people (2009). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, the commune was unified with Montsûrs-Saint-Céneré, Deux-Évailles and Saint-Ouën-des-Vallons, and the new municipality took the name of Montsûrs. + += = = Montreuil-Poulay = = = +Montreuil-Poulay is a commune of 414 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Montsûrs = = = +Montsûrs is a commune of 2,020 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged with Saint-Céneré and formed the short-lived commune Montsûrs-Saint-Céneré. Montsûrs-Saint-Céneré was merged with Deux-Évailles, Montourtier and Saint-Ouën-des-Vallons on 1 January 2019, and the new commune took the name of "Montsûrs". + += = = Moulay = = = +Moulay is a commune of 907 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Neau = = = +Neau is a commune of 712 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Neuilly-le-Vendin = = = +Neuilly-le-Vendin is a commune of 426 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Niafles = = = +Niafles is a commune of 287 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Nuillé-sur-Vicoin = = = +Nuillé-sur-Vicoin is a commune of 1,184 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Oisseau = = = +Oisseau is a commune of 1,101 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Olivet, Mayenne = = = +Olivet is a commune of 381 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Origné = = = +Origné is a commune of 278 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = La Pallu = = = +La Pallu is a commune of 160 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire of the Mayenne department, in the northwest of France. + += = = Predictive Failure Analysis = = = +Predicive failure analysis is a technology developed by IBM to monitor the likelihood of a hard disk failure. Today, it is part of S.M.A.R.T. + += = = Parallel ATA = = = +Parallel ATA is a way to connect storage devices, such as Hard disks, solid-state drives, and CD-ROM drives inside personal computers. The standard is maintained by X3/INCITS committee T13. +It used to be called Advanced Technology Attachment with Packet Interface (ATA/ATAPI). ATA/ATAPI is the result of a long history of development. It is an evolution of the AT Attachment Interface, which was itself evolved in several stages from Western Digital's original Integrated Drive Electronics interface. As a result, many near-synonyms for ATA/ATAPI and its previous incarnations exist, including abbreviations such as IDE which are still in common informal use. With the market introduction of Serial ATA in 2003, the original ATA was retroactively renamed Parallel ATA (PATA). +Parallel ATA standards allow cable lengths up to only 18 inches (46 centimeters). Because of this length limit the technology normally appears as an internal computer storage interface. +For many years ATA provided the most common and the least expensive interface for this application. +As of 2007, it has largely been replaced by Serial ATA (SATA) in new systems. Older computers based on Parallel ATA are still widely-used in embedded and industrial applications. + += = = Serial Attached SCSI = = = +Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) is a technology designed to move data to and from computer storage devices such as hard drives and tape drives. It is a point-to-point serial protocol that replaces the parallel SCSI. SCSI first appeared in the mid 1980s in corporate data centers. SAS uses the standard SCSI command set. At present it is slightly slower than the final parallel SCSI implementation, but in 2009 it will double its present speed to 6 Gbit/s. This will permit much higher speed data transfers. The protocol is "downwards"-compatible with second generation SATA drives. These drives may be connected to SAS backplanes (controllers), but SAS drives can not be connected to SATA backplanes. +The SAS protocol is developed and maintained by the T10 technical committee of the International Committee for Information Technology Standards (INCITS) and promoted by the SCSI Trade Association (SCSITA). +Connectors. +The SAS connector is much smaller than traditional parallel SCSI connectors allowing for the small drives. SAS supports point data transfer speeds up to 3 Gbit/s, but is expected to reach 12 Gbit/s by the year 2012. +The physical SAS connector is available in several different variants: + += = = All the Greatest Hits = = = +All the Greatest Hits is an album from the band McFly. They released it on November 5, 2007 and it features all of McFly's UK singles. The album also includes 3 new songs: "The Heart Never Lies", "The Way You Make Me Feel" and "Don't Wake Me Up". + += = = The Judas Kiss = = = +"The Judas Kiss" is the fourth single off the album by rock band Metallica off their ninth studio album "Death Magnetic". + += = = Death Magnetic = = = +Death Magnetic is the ninth studio album by heavy metal band Metallica. The album was released September 12, 2008 with the hits "The Day That Never Comes", "Cyanide", "My Apocalypse", "The Unforgiven III", and "The Judas Kiss". +Awards. +2009 Grammy nominations. +"Death Magnetic" was nominated for four Grammy awards. Rick Rubin won "Producer of the Year, Non-Classical" for his work on "Death Magnetic", as well as other albums this past year. +The album won two Grammys for "Best Metal Performance" and "Best Recording Package" at the 51st Grammy Awards on February 8, 2009. + += = = Tagged Command Queuing = = = +Tagged Command Queueing (TCQ) is a technology that allows to send multiple read and write requests to a hard drive simultaneously. ATA TCQ is not identical in function to the more efficient Native Command Queuing (NCQ) used by SATA drives. SCSI TCQ does not suffer from the same limitations as ATA TCQ. +Before TCQ, an operating system was only able to send one request at a time. In order to boost performance, it had to decide the order of the requests based on its own, possibly incorrect, idea of what the hard drive was doing. With TCQ, the drive can make its own decisions about how to order the requests (and in turn relieve the operating system from having to do so). The result is that TCQ can improve the overall performance of a hard drive if it is implemented correctly. +Overview. +For efficiency the sectors should be serviced in order of proximity to the current head position, rather than in the order received. The queue is constantly receiving new requests and fulfilling and removing existing requests, and re-ordering the queue according to the current pending read/write requests and the changing position of the head. The exact reordering algorithm may depend upon the controller and the drive itself, but the host computer simply makes requests as needed, leaving the controller to handle the details. +This queuing mechanism is sometimes referred to as "elevator seeking", as the image of a modern elevator in a building servicing multiple calls and processing them to minimise travel illustrates the idea well. +If the buttons for floors 5, 2, and 4 are pressed in that order with the elevator starting on floor 1, an old elevator would go to the floors in the order requested. A modern elevator processes the requests to stop at floors in the logical order 2, 4, and 5, without unnecessary travel. Non-queueing disk drives service the requests in the order received, like an old elevator; queueing drives service requests in the most efficient order. This may improve performance slightly in a system used by a single user, but really comes into its own in a system with many users, making requests all over the disk surface. + += = = Native Command Queuing = = = +Native Command Queuing (NCQ) is a technology designed to increase performance of SATA hard disks on computers. It can do this under certain situations by allowing the individual hard disk to internally optimize the order in which it executes the read and write requests it received. This can reduce the amount of unnecessary drive head movement and result in better performance (and slightly decreased wear of the drive) where multiple read/write requests happen at the same time. This situation most often occurs in server-type applications. However, the technology can slow down HD access in certain applications, like games and sequential reads and writes, because of the added latency induced by NCQ logic. +Native Command Queuing came after Parallel ATA's version of Tagged Command Queuing (TCQ). ATA's attempt at integrating TCQ was constrained by the requirement that ATA host bus adapters use ISA bus device protocols to interact with the operating system. +NCQ differs from TCQ in that the command re-ordering is performed by the drive rather than the operating system, and each command is equal in importance. This is preferable since the drive has the most knowledge of its performance characteristics, and is able to take rotational position into account. NCQ and PATA TCQ have a maximum queue length of 32 in-flight commands (31 in practice), while SCSI TCQ has a maximum queue length of 264 in-flight commands. +For NCQ to be enabled, it must be supported and enabled in the SATA host bus adapter and in the hard drive itself. The appropriate device driver must be loaded into the operating system to enable NCQ on the host bus adapter. Many newer chipsets support the Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI), which should allow a generic driver supplied by the operating system to control them and enable NCQ. In fact, newer mainstream Linux kernels support AHCI natively. Unfortunately, Windows XP requires the installation of a vendor-specific driver even if AHCI is present on the host bus adapter. Windows Vista corrects this situation by including a generic AHCI driver. + += = = Serial Storage Architecture = = = +Serial Storage Architecture is a technology used to attach hard disks to Servers. It was developed by IBM in the 1990s. IBM produced a number of drives with this standard, but today, it has been largely replaced by the Fibre Channel architecture. + += = = Fibre Channel = = = +Fibre Channel, or FC is an architecture (and a set of protocols to attach disk drives to computers, like in a Storage Area Network. Networks today are done with 4 GBit/s and 8 GBit/s over fiberglass cables. This is enough to support data transfer rates of up to 800 MBit/s. Fibrechannel permits connecting the same disk subsystem to several computers. It typically uses the SCSI command set. +Basically, there are two "topologies" (ways to do this): + += = = Parigné-sur-Braye = = = +Parigné-sur-Braye is a commune of 624 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Parné-sur-Roc = = = +Parné-sur-Roc is a commune of 1,157 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. +In its territory flows the Jouanne river. + += = = Le Pas = = = +Le Pas is a commune of 515 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = La Pellerine, Mayenne = = = +La Pellerine is a commune of 291 people (1999). It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Peuton = = = +Peuton is a commune of 211 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Placé = = = +Placé is a commune of 326 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Pommerieux = = = +Pommerieux is a commune of 589 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Pontmain = = = +Pontmain is a commune of 893 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Port-Brillet = = = +Port-Brillet is a commune of 1,814 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Préaux, Mayenne = = = +Préaux is a commune of 156 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Pré-en-Pail = = = +Pré-en-Pail is a former commune of 2 128 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Pré-en-Pail-Saint-Samson. + += = = Quelaines-Saint-Gault = = = +Quelaines-Saint-Gault is a commune of 1,739 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Ravigny = = = +Ravigny is a commune of 198 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Renazé = = = +Renazé is a commune of 2,791 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Rennes-en-Grenouilles = = = +Rennes-en-Grenouilles is a commune of 105 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Le Ribay = = = +Le Ribay is a commune of 473 people (2005). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = La Roë = = = +La Roë is a commune of 241 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = La Rouaudière = = = +La Rouaudière is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in northwest France. 333 people lived there in 1999. + += = = Ruillé-Froid-Fonds = = = +Ruillé-Froid-Fonds is a commune of 496 people (2005). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Ruillé-le-Gravelais = = = +Ruillé-le-Gravelais is a former commune of 619 people (1999). It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in northwest France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Loiron-Ruillé. + += = = Sacé = = = +Sacé is a commune of 320 people (1999). It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Saint-Aignan-de-Couptrain = = = +Saint-Aignan-de-Couptrain is a commune of 360 people as of 1999. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Aignan-sur-Roë = = = +Saint-Aignan-sur-Roë is a commune of 926 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Aubin-du-Désert = = = +Saint-Aubin-du-Désert is a commune of 236 people (number of people measured in 1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Aubin-Fosse-Louvain = = = +Saint-Aubin-Fosse-Louvain is a commune of 252 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Baudelle = = = +Saint-Baudelle is a commune of 1,005 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Berthevin = = = +Saint-Berthevin is a commune of 6,909 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Berthevin-la-Tannière = = = +Saint-Berthevin-la-Tannière is a commune of 384 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Brice, Mayenne = = = +Saint-Brice is a commune in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Saint-Calais-du-Désert = = = +Saint-Calais-du-Désert is a commune of 318 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Céneré = = = +Saint-Céneré is a former commune of 459 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Montsûrs-Saint-Céneré. On 1 January 2019, the commune was unified with Deux-Évailles, Montourtier and Saint-Ouën-des-Vallons, and the new municipality took the name of Montsûrs. + += = = Saint-Charles-la-Forêt = = = +Saint-Charles-la-Forêt is a commune of 190 people (1999). It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Saint-Christophe-du-Luat = = = +Saint-Christophe-du-Luat is a former commune of 553 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune of Évron. + += = = Saint-Cyr-en-Pail = = = +Saint-Cyr-en-Pail is a commune of 441 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Cyr-le-Gravelais = = = +Saint-Cyr-le-Gravelais is a commune of 474 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Denis-d'Anjou = = = +Saint-Denis-d'Anjou is a commune of 1,337 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Denis-de-Gastines = = = +Saint-Denis-de-Gastines is a commune of 1,683 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Denis-du-Maine = = = +Saint-Denis-du-Maine is a commune of 307 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Sainte-Gemmes-le-Robert = = = +Sainte-Gemmes-le-Robert is a commune of 930 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Ellier-du-Maine = = = +Saint-Ellier-du-Maine is a commune of 465 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Sainte-Marie-du-Bois, Mayenne = = = +Sainte-Marie-du-Bois is a commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. 210 people lived there in 1999. + += = = Saint-Erblon, Mayenne = = = +Saint-Erblon is a commune of 166 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Sainte-Suzanne, Mayenne = = = +Sainte-Suzanne is a former commune of 1,020 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Sainte-Suzanne-et-Chammes. + += = = Saint-Fort = = = +Saint-Fort is a former commune of 1,571 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Château-Gontier-sur-Mayenne. + += = = Saint-Fraimbault-de-Prières = = = +Saint-Fraimbault-de-Prières is a commune of 904 people (1999). It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Georges-Buttavent = = = +Saint-Georges-Buttavent is a commune of 1,391 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Georges-le-Fléchard = = = +Saint-Georges-le-Fléchard is a commune of 288 people (2005). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Georges-sur-Erve = = = +Saint-Georges-sur-Erve is a commune in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Saint-Germain-d'Anxure = = = +Saint-Germain-d'Anxure is a commune of 274 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Germain-de-Coulamer = = = +Saint-Germain-de-Coulamer is a commune of 393 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Germain-le-Fouilloux = = = +Saint-Germain-le-Fouilloux is a commune of 670 people (1999). It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Saint-Germain-le-Guillaume = = = +Saint-Germain-le-Guillaume is a commune of 410 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Hilaire-du-Maine = = = +Saint-Hilaire-du-Maine is a commune of 664 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Jean-sur-Erve = = = +Saint-Jean-sur-Erve is a former commune of 489 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Blandouet-Saint Jean. + += = = Saint-Jean-sur-Mayenne = = = +Saint-Jean-sur-Mayenne is a commune of 1,196 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Julien-du-Terroux = = = +Saint-Julien-du-Terroux is a commune of 232 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Laurent-des-Mortiers = = = +Saint-Laurent-des-Mortiers is a former commune of 188 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Bierné-les-Villages. + += = = Saint-Léger, Mayenne = = = +Saint-Léger is a commune of 231 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Loup-du-Dorat = = = +Saint-Loup-du-Dorat is a commune of 335 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Loup-du-Gast = = = +Saint-Loup-du-Gast is a commune of 305 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Mars-du-Désert, Mayenne = = = +Saint-Mars-du-Désert is a commune of 169 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Mars-sur-Colmont = = = +Saint-Mars-sur-Colmont is a commune of 435 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Mars-sur-la-Futaie = = = +Saint-Mars-sur-la-Futaie is a commune of 623 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Martin-de-Connée = = = +Saint-Martin-de-Connée is a former commune of 420 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2021, it was merged into the new commune of Vimartin-sur-Orthe. + += = = Saint-Martin-du-Limet = = = +Saint-Martin-du-Limet is a commune of 493 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Michel-de-Feins = = = +Saint-Michel-de-Feins is a former commune of 136 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Bierné-les-Villages. + += = = Saint-Michel-de-la-Roë = = = +Saint-Michel-de-la-Roë is a commune of 210 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Ouën-des-Toits = = = +Saint-Ouën-des-Toits is a commune of 1,435 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Ouën-des-Vallons = = = +Saint-Ouën-des-Vallons is a former commune of 174 people (1999). It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, the commune was unified with Montsûrs-Saint-Céneré, Deux-Évailles and Montourtier, and the new municipality took the name of Montsûrs. + += = = Saint-Pierre-des-Landes = = = +Saint-Pierre-des-Landes is a commune of 946 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Pierre-des-Nids = = = +Saint-Pierre-des-Nids is a commune of 1,712 people (1999). It is to be found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Pierre-la-Cour = = = +Saint-Pierre-la-Cour is a commune of 1,838 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Pierre-sur-Erve = = = +Saint-Pierre-sur-Erve is a commune of 138 people (2005). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Pierre-sur-Orthe = = = +Saint-Pierre-sur-Orthe is a former commune of 531 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2021, it was merged into the new commune of Vimartin-sur-Orthe. + += = = Saint-Poix = = = +Saint-Poix is a commune of 393 people (2007). It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Quentin-les-Anges = = = +Saint-Quentin-les-Anges is a commune of 376 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Samson, Mayenne = = = +Saint-Samson is a former commune of 334 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Pré-en-Pail-Saint-Samson. + += = = Saint-Saturnin-du-Limet = = = +Saint-Saturnin-du-Limet is a commune of 546 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saint-Sulpice, Mayenne = = = +Saint-Sulpice is a former commune of 188 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of La Roche-Neuville. + += = = Saint-Thomas-de-Courceriers = = = +Saint-Thomas-de-Courceriers is a commune of 246 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Saulges = = = +Saulges is a commune of 328 people (2005). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. In Saulges, there is also a prehistoric canyon which is 1.8 million years old and 20 different prehistoric caves. + += = = La Selle-Craonnaise = = = +La Selle-Craonnaise is a commune of 882 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Senonnes = = = +Senonnes is a commune of 325 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Simplé = = = +Simplé is a commune of 256 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Soucé = = = +Soucé is a commune of 180 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Soulgé-sur-Ouette = = = +Soulgé-sur-Ouette is a commune of 1,073 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Thorigné-en-Charnie = = = +Thorigné-en-Charnie is a commune of 162 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Thubœuf = = = +Thubœuf is a commune of 231 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Torcé-Viviers-en-Charnie = = = +Torcé-Viviers-en-Charnie is a commune of 737 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Trans, Mayenne = = = +Trans is a commune of 238 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Vaiges = = = +Vaiges is a commune of 1,151 people (2005). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Vautorte = = = +Vautorte is a commune of 573 people (1999). It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Vieuvy = = = +Vieuvy is a commune of 115 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Villaines-la-Juhel = = = +Villaines-la-Juhel is a commune of 3,179 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Villepail = = = +Villepail is a commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. + += = = Villiers-Charlemagne = = = +Villiers-Charlemagne is a commune of 959 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Vimarcé = = = +Vimarcé is a former commune of 236 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2021, it was merged into the new commune of Vimartin-sur-Orthe. + += = = Voutré = = = +Voutré is a commune of 821 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. + += = = Walt Walsh = = = +Walter William Walsh (April 30, 1897 to January 15, 1966) was a Major League Baseball player. Walsh only played two games, never getting an at-bat for the Philadelphia Phillies in 1920. He was used as a pinch runner in the two games he played. Walsh was born in Newark, New Jersey and died in Avon-by-the-Sea, New Jersey + += = = Middle Franconia = = = +Middle Franconia (, ; Main-Franconian: "Middlfrangng") is a government region in the Free State of Bavaria. The seat of government is Ansbach. In the area of this region are the cities Nuremberg, Fürth, Erlangen. +Cities and districts. +This shows the cities and districts "(Landkreis)" of Middle Franconia. + += = = Orne = = = +The Orne (61) is a department in France. It is in the Normandy region. Its prefecture is Alençon and its sub-prefectures are Argentan and Mortagne-au-Perche. The department's name comes from the river Orne which flows through it. +History. +The Orne was one of the original 83 departments created in 1790. +Geography. +The department borders several other departments: +There is also a 105,000 ha forest called forêt des Andaines (Andaines Forest). +Culture. +The Orne is famous for its: +It is also known to be famous for its trotting horses. +Monuments. +"(A château is a castle in French)" + += = = Carly Colón = = = +Carlos Edwin Colón Coates Jr. (born February 21, 1979) is a Puerto Rican professional wrestler, better known internationally by his ring name Carlito. He is currently signed to WWE, where he performs on the SmackDown brand. He is a member of the Latino World Order. +Carlito became famous in his first run with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) where he won the Intercontinental Championship, the United States Championship and the World Tag Team Championship and WWE Tag Team Championship with his brother Primo. Colon was released by the WWE on May 21, 2010. Since then, he has wrestled on the independent circuit. He returned to WWE full-time at Fastlane in October 2023. + += = = NBA All-Star Game = = = +The NBA All-Star Game is an NBA game in which the best players in the Eastern Conference play with the best players in the Western Conference. The first game started on March 2, 1951 at the Boston Garden. The game is played differently than a normal basketball game, but stick to normal NBA rules. + += = = National Hockey League All-Star Game = = = +The National Hockey League All-Star Game is an exhibition ice hockey game that traditionally marks the midway point of the National Hockey League's regular season. + += = = Biblical manuscript = = = +A Biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. They vary in size from tiny scrolls containing individual verses of the Jewish scriptures to huge polyglot codices containing both the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) and the New Testament, as well as other works. +Hebrew Bible (or Tanakh) manuscripts. +The Aleppo Codex ("c." 920 AD) and Leningrad Codex ("c." 1008 AD) were the oldest Hebrew language manuscripts of the Tanakh. The 1947 find at Qumran of the Dead Sea scrolls pushed the manuscript history of the Tanakh back a millennium from the two earliest complete codices. Before this discovery, the earliest extant manuscripts of the Old Testament were in Greek in manuscripts such as Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus. Out of the roughly 800 manuscripts found at Qumran, 220 are from the Tanakh. Every book of the Tanakh is represented except for the Book of Esther; however, most are fragmentary. Notably, there are two scrolls of the Book of Isaiah, one complete (1QIsa), and one around 75% complete (1QIsb). These manuscripts generally date between 150 BC to 70 AD. +Ancient Jewish scribes developed many practices to protect copies of their scriptures from error. +New Testament manuscripts. +Parts of the New Testament have been preserved in more manuscripts than any other ancient work. There are over 5,800 complete or fragmented Greek manuscripts, 10,000 Latin manuscripts and 9,300 manuscripts in various other ancient languages, such as Syriac, Slavic, Gothic, Ethiopic, Coptic and Armenian. +The dates of these manuscripts range from about 125 AD (the Ryland manuscript, P52; containing fragments of the oldest copy of John) to the introduction of printing in Germany in the 15th century. Most of these manuscripts date after the 10th century. Although there are more manuscripts that preserve the New Testament than there are for any other ancient writing, the text preserved in these later, numerous manuscripts may not be the same as the text as it existed in antiquity. +Textual scholar Bart Ehrman wrote: +In reference to the textual evidence for the New Testament, Bruce M. Metzger wrote, +Every year, several New Testament manuscripts handwritten in the original Greek format are discovered. + += = = Districts of England = = = +The districts of England are a level of subdivisions of England used for the purposes of local government. The first local government districts were created in 1894 by the Local Government Act 1894 which created urban districts and rural districts as sub-divisions of counties (which had been created in 1889). Another reform in 1899 created 28 metropolitan boroughs as sub-divisions of the County of London. +There are 36 metropolitan districts, 32 London boroughs, 238 non-metropolitan districts, 46 unitary authorities, the Isles of Scilly, and the City of London, making a total of 354 district-level authorities. + += = = Jug band = = = +A jug band is a band that has a jug player and a variety of home-made instruments. These home-made instruments could be ordinary objects adapted to or created to make sound, like the washtub bass, washboard, spoons, stovepipe, and comb and tissue paper (kazoo). The Memphis Jug Band was a famous band from the 1920s to the 1950s. + += = = Steve Carell = = = +Steven John "Steve" Carell (born August 16, 1962) is an American actor and comedian. His father is of Italian and German descent, and his mother was of Polish ancestry. Carell is best known for his comedic work as Michael Scott in "The Office" and "The Daily Show". +He played Andy Stitzer in "The 40-Year-Old Virgin", Gru in "Despicable Me" and "Despicable Me 2" and John Eleuthère du Pont in "Foxcatcher". He has appeared on "Saturday Night Live". +He starred as Donald Rumsfeld in the 2018 comedy "Vice". In 2020, he starred as General Mark R. Naird in the Netflix sitcom "Space Force". + += = = Qutb ud-Din Aibak = = = +Quṭb al-Dīn Aibak also spelled Quṭb ud-Dīn Aibak or Qutub ud-Din Aybak, (1150–1210), was the founder of the Mamluk Dynasty in Delhi and the first sultan of the Delhi Sultanate. He was born at Turk in the Aybak tribe and was the sultan for only four years, 1206-1210. +Early life. +Qutub-ud-din Aibak was born to a Turk family in Central Asia. He was sold as a slave in his childhood. But this went well because he was brought up by the chief Qazi of Nishapur, a town in northeastern Iran. He was treated like one of the sons of this Qazi and was given a good education, including training in archery and horsemanship. However when the master died, his jealous sons sold Qutub-ud-din Aibak to a slave master. +Advancement and military conquests. +Qutub-ud-din Aibak was finally purchased by the ruler of Ghor in central Afghanistan, Sultan Muhammad Ghori. Qutub-ud-din Aibak gradually rose to the rank of a Commander and became a trusted slave of Sultan Ghori. The conquests of northern India were executed mainly by Qutub-ud-din Aibak, which helped Ghori to consolidate his position there. Gradually, as Sultan Ghori concentrated on Central Asia after 1192, he was given the independent charge of the conquests in India. In India, Qutub-ud-din Aibak is infamous for massive destruction and plunder of several Hindu temples, whose wealth he looted away. His lieutenant, Bhakthiar Khilji, following in his master's footsteps ravaged the famous university of Nalanda, killing all the monks and scholars there, as well as burning the huge library down. It is said that the fires raged for 3 months, such was the voluminous material being burnt. +Sultan. +Muhammad Ghori established himself as strong ruler with his empire extending over Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northern India. Qutb-ud-din Aibak crowned himself the Sultan of Delhi in 1206, when Muhammad Ghori was killed on the battlefield. After his death, when Aibak came to the throne, he ruled over those places where he was appointed as the local receiver-general of Sultan Ghori. Despite the rebellions by nobles like Taj-ud-din Ildiz and Nasir-ud-din Qubachah, he strengthened the administrative system, which had been established by ghori +Though Qutb-ud-din Aibak started the construction of the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque which was among the earliest Muslim monuments in Delhi, he could not complete them. These architectures were later completed by his successor Shamsuddin iltumishs. He started building the "Adhai Din Ka Jhopra" (meaning "Shed of 2 and half days"), a mosque in the Ajmer city of Rajasthan, India. It was commissioned by Qutb-ud-Din-Aibak, on orders of Muhammad Ghori, in 1192 CE. It was completed in 1199 CE, and further beautified by Iltutmish of Delhi in 1213 CE. +He constructed many other architecture. +Death and succession. +In 1210, Qutb-ud-din Aibak died in an unexpected manner, while playing polo. +He was buried in Lahore near the Anarkali Bazaar. He was succeeded by Shamsuddin Iltutmish, another slave who rose to the level of a Sultan, thus extending the Slave/Mamluk Dynasty. He wasn't interested in expanding his territory instead wanted to settle problems in his present empire. + += = = Muhammad of Ghor = = = +Mu'izz ad-Din Muhammad Ghori () (1149 – March 15, 1206) was sultan of the Ghurid Empire. He ruled from 1173 to 1202 along with his brother Ghiyath ad-Din Muhammad. He also ruled from 1202 to 1206. He was known as Muhammad of Ghor. His birth name was Shihab ad-Din. +Mu'izz ad-Din was one of greatest ruler of the Ghurid dynasty. He is also known as founder of Muslim rule in Indian subcontinent. He ruled over a large part of subcontinent, which is now part of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Iran, north India, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and southern Kazakhstan. +In 1173 Mu'izz ad-Din took the city of Ghazni from Mahmud of Ghazni which he did to avenge the death of his ancestor Muhammad ibn Suri. He used this city as a base for expansion into northern India. In the meantime, he helped his brother Ghiyath to win over Khwarazmian Empire for the lordship of Khorasan in Western Asia. In 1175, Mu'izz captured Multan from the Ismailis, which were a branch of the Shia Muslims, and also took Uch in 1175. He also occupied the Ghaznavid principality of Lahore in 1186, which was the last place of safety of his Persianized enemies. After the death of Ghiyath in 1202, he became the successor of the Ghurid Empire and ruled until his assassination near Jhelum by Ismaili assassins in 1206. +After struggle among the remaining Ghuri leaders, Khwarizmi took over the Ghurid Sultanate in about 1215. Though the Ghurid's empire was short, and after them Timurids took over the Ghurid empire. Mu'izz's laid the foundations of Muslim rule in India. Qutbu l-Din Aibak, a former slave (Mamluk) of Mu'izz, was the first Sultan of Delhi. +Early life. +Mu'izz ad-Din Muhammad was born in 1149 in the Ghor region, which is now Afghanistan. The exact date of his birth is unknown. His father, Baha al-Din Sam I, was the local ruler of the Ghor region at that time. Mu'izz also had an elder brother named Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad. During their early life, Mu'izz and Ghiyath were imprisoned by their uncle Ala al-Din Husayn, but were later released by their uncle's son Sayf al-Din Muhammad. When Sayf died in 1163, the Ghurid nobles supported Ghiyath as their leader, and helped him to took over the throne. Ghiyath shortly gave Mu'izz control over Istiyan and Kajuran. However, the throne was challenged by many Ghurid chiefs during which Mu'izz helped his brother Ghiyath in defeating and killing a rival Ghurid chief named Abu'l Abbas. + += = = Vince Vaughn = = = +Vincent Anthony "Vince" Vaughn (born March 28, 1970) is an American movie actor. + += = = Owen Wilson = = = +Owen Cunningham Wilson (born November 18, 1968) is an Academy Award-nominated American actor, comedian, producer and professional pornstar. +Early life. +Wilson was born in Dallas, to photographer Laura (Cunningham) Wilson and Robert Andrew Wilson. He has an older brother, Andrew, and a younger brother, Luke. Both brothers are also involved in movie making. +Wilson went to the University of Texas at Austin. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in English. +Personal life. +The Sheryl Crow album "C'mon C'mon" has the song "Safe and Sound". The liner notes say it is about Wilson and Crow's relationship. +On August 26, 2007, Wilson was taken to St. John's Health Center. It was reported as a suicide attempt. He was later moved to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles. His lawyer later said that Wilson had depression. A few days later, Wilson withdrew from starring in "Tropic Thunder". +He dated Kate Hudson in 2006. The pair broke up. It was widely reported that he tried to commit suicide in 2007 after the relationship with Hudson ended. In 2008, it was reported the pair were to marry. However the two would again break up and make up a number of times over 2008 and 2009. +On January 10, 2011, Wilson's representative said that Wilson and his girlfriend, Jade Duell, were expecting a baby. Just four days later, on January 14, it was Duell gave birth in Hawaii to a baby boy, Robert Ford Wilson. +Wilson is a fan of several Dallas-area professional sports teams. He has been spotted at Dallas Cowboys, Dallas Mavericks and Texas Rangers games. He is also a supporter of the English football team Chelsea F.C.. +Wilson's bumped nose is because he broke it twice. Once was during a high school fight, and once playing football with friends. + += = = Luke Wilson = = = +Luke Cunningham Wilson (born September 21, 1971) is an American movie actor. + += = = Seth Rogen = = = +Seth Aaron Rogen (born April 15, 1982) is a Canadian actor, comedian, director, producer, and writer. +Early life. +Rogen was born on April 15, 1982, in Vancouver, British Columbia. His parents are Sandy Belogus and Mark Rogen. +Influences. +Rogen stated comedians like Kevin Smith, Judd Apatow, John Belushi and Adam Sandler as influences. + += = = John C. Reilly = = = +John Christopher Reilly (born May 24, 1965) is an Academy Award- and two-time Golden Globe-nominated American actor, comedian, singer and writer. + += = = Rainn Wilson = = = +Rainn Dietrich Wilson (born January 20, 1966) is an Emmy-nominated and Screen Actors Guild Award-winning American actor. He is known for his roles as the egomaniacal Dwight Schrute on the American television sitcom "The Office". +Wilson follows the Bahá'í Faith, and has spoken publicly about other Bahá'ís who have been punished in Iran for being Bahá'ís. + += = = The Office (American TV series) = = = +The Office is an Emmy and Peabody Award-winning American television sitcom airing on National Broadcasting Company (NBC) and developed by Greg Daniels. It is an American adaptation of the BBC series with the same name. It is set in Scranton, Pennsylvania. + += = = Kevin James = = = +Kevin George Knipfing (born April 26, 1965), known professionally as Kevin James, is an American comedian and Emmy Award-nominated actor. He is known for his portrayal of lead character Doug Heffernan on the television sitcom "The King Of Queens", and Eric Lamonsoff in "Grown Ups" and "Grown Ups 2". + += = = Mark Hamill = = = +Mark Richard Hamill (born September 25, 1951) is an American actor and writer. He is known for his portrayal of Luke Skywalker in the original "Star Wars" trilogy (1977–1983), the "Star Wars" sequel trilogy (2015–2019), and for voicing The Joker in almost all animated Batman television series or animated movies. +Career. +Voice acting. +Hamill has gained a reputation as a voice actor. He first did voice acting work in the early 1970s voicing the character Corey Anders on the Saturday morning cartoon "Jeannie" by Hanna-Barbera Productions. He later played Sean in the Ralph Bakshi film "Wizards", which was released just three months before "Star Wars" in 1977. In addition Hamill has also provided the voice for Fire Lord Ozai in , and Chanukah Zombie on Futurama. He also provided the voice of Chucky in the 2019 reboot of the franchise. +Writing. +Hamill is the co-writer of "The Black Pearl", a comic book miniseries published by Dark Horse Comics. He wrote an introduction to the Trade Paperback "Batman: Riddler Two-Face" which reprints various stories involving The Riddler and Two-Face to tie in with "Batman Forever". He has also written several stories for "Simpsons Comics", including "Catastrophe in Substitute Springfields!", which parodies DC's "Crisis on Infinite Earths" and also references several other classic comics. +Other work. +Hamill directed and starred in the 2004 direct-to-DVD "". A comic book fan who attended science fiction and comic conventions before he became famous, Hamill stated that his character was based on an exaggerated version of himself. He and his crew shot most of the mockumentary film during the 2002 San Diego Comic-Con, and enlisted Stan Lee, Kevin Smith, Bruce Campbell and Hugh Hefner in small roles. The movie won an award for Best Live-Action DVD Premiere Movie at the 2005 DVD Exclusive Awards. +Personal life. +Hamill married dentist Marilou York in a private civil ceremony on December 17, 1978. They have three children together: Nathan (born September 25, 1979), Griffin (born March 4, 1983), and Chelsea Elizabeth (born July 27, 1988) On January 11, 1977, Hamill was in a car accident in which he fractured his nose and left cheekbone, requiring seven hours of surgery. According to Hamill in a recorded interview, he was driving his BMW on a freeway and became distracted, and seeing that he was missing his offramp, tried to negotiate four lanes of traffic (some real scars from the crash made an appearance in "The Empire Strikes Back"). + += = = List of cities in France = = = +Listed are all the major cities in France (population 20,000+) + += = = Whitey Wistert = = = +Francis Michael "Whitey" Wistert (born February 20, 1912 in Chicago, Illinois, died April 23, 1985 in Painesville, Ohio) was an American football and baseball player. He played college football for the University of Michigan Wolverines. He was added into the College Football Hall of Fame after he was elected to it in 1967. He and his two brothers are three of the seven players who have had their uniform numbers retired by Michigan Wolverines football. While at college, Wistert helped Michigan win the Big Ten Conference football championship in 1931, 1932, and 1933. He was also Big Ten Most Valuable Player in college baseball. He later played for the Cincinnati Reds of Major League Baseball. +College athletics. +Wistert graduated from Chicago's Schurz High School in 1929. He attended the University of Michigan where he was an athlete in both football and baseball in 1931, 1932, and 1933. +The Wistert brothers of Michigan. +Wistert played for the Michigan Wolverines before his two brothers, Al Wistert and Alvin Wistert, did. All three Wistert brothers wore the number 11 for the Wolverines football team, and all three were members of the College Football All-America team, which is the best players through all of the United States. When interviewed by the "Detroit News" in 2004, brother Alvin Wistert said, "And if I'm not mistaken I think this is unprecedented in the of college football: that three brothers all would go to the same school, all played football. All played tackle, all wore the same number 11, all made All-American. Two of us played on four national championship teams. They all made it into the College Football Hall of Fame." +The Wistert brothers grew up on the northwest side of Chicago and were the sons of a Lithuanian family. Their father was a Spanish-American War veteran, who later died while working for the Chicago Police Department. Brother Alvin Wistert said that their father, "was born Casmir Vistertus and he Anglicized it when he came to America to Wistert." +The story of the Wistert brothers at Michigan began when Whitey's Carl Schurz High School school-mate John Kowalik was invited to visit the University of Michigan. At the time, Whitey Wistert "was working in a factory building "Majestic radios"." Kowalik took Whitey with him on his visit Ann Arbor, Michigan, and Alvin Wistert later said, "that's how it started: the Wisterts of Michigan." +Football. +As a football player, Wistert played for National Championship teams that never lost a game in 1932 and 1933 and was a chosen All-American in 1933. The 1934 University of Michigan yearbook, the "Michiganensian", had this to say by Grantland Rice: "Wistert was unanimously selected as the best tackle in the Middle-West this year. He was an important part of Michigan's defensive line play. He was a very good tackler and it was nearly impossible to fool him on trick plays. He was keen, quick, and accurate in finding out how a play would happen." Wistert and Chuck Bernard were the leaders of the 1933 offensive line when the team went 7-0-1 with a tie to the University of Minnesota Golden Gophers. +One of Wistert's teammates on the 1932 and 1933 Michigan football teams was Gerald Ford who later became the U.S. President. In an interview in the February 1974 copy of "Michigan Alumnus", Wistert said about Ford: "He was a real good competitor—a real bulldog type. Even during a losing year, he was voted team Most Valuable Player by his teammates, because they believed he was someone who could stay and fight even when they lose." In 1936, he was a member Michigan football coaching staff of Coach Harry Kipke. +Baseball. +Wistert earned varsity letters in baseball three years. He was chosen as the Most Valuable Player in the Big Ten Conference in 1934. The 1934 "Michiganensian" yearbook wrote that the final game of the baseball season was a 4–0 shutout by Wistert against the University of Chicago Maroon. It wrote, "Wistert, for the Wolves, allowed only five well- hits during the game. Although Whitey Wistert walked four men, he more than off-set this by striking out nine of the Maroons to face him." Wistert also allowed, as the pitcher, Ohio State four hits in a game. +Professional baseball. +Wistert, still being a minor league baseball player, played for a short while in Major League Baseball, playing in three games for the Cincinnati Reds between September 11, 1934 and September 25, 1934. In two times he pitched, Wistert let only one run in eight innings, for a career earned run average of 1.13. Though, in the three times he batted, he went did not hit the ball, so he struck out twice. Although he only played for a short while in Major League Baseball, Wistert played five years of professional baseball. Fellow 1933 Michigan Wolverines football All-American, Ted Petoskey also debuted for the Reds in September 1934. +Honors. +Wistert became part of the College Football Hall of Fame in 1967, one year before his brother Albert did so. In 1981, he was named to the University of Michigan Hall of Honor in the fourth class of Hall of Fame joiners with his brothers. Only five other Michigan football players earned this honor before him. +Non-athletic. +Wistert became a New York lawyer after he retired from sports. He went on to become a vice president of an industrial relations in Toledo, Ohio. He was United States Navy lieutenant in World War II. + += = = Brest, France = = = +Brest is a town in France. It is in the Finistère department and the Brittany region. Its population in 1999 was around 150,000. Even if it is by far the largest town in Finistère it is not the prefecture (Quimper is). +Twin towns. +Brest is twinned with: + += = = St John's Innovation Centre = = = +St John's Innovation Centre (SJIC) is a famous company which helps small companies to grow. It is in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England. It was started in 1987 in St John’s College, Cambridge, near the Cambridge Science Park. + += = = St John's College, Cambridge = = = +St John's College is a college of the University of Cambridge. It was started by Lady Margaret Beaufort in 1511. It is geographically one of the largest colleges of the University of Cambridge, and the third largest in terms of its membership. It is the second richest of all the Oxbridge colleges. The college is also known for its famous choir. + += = = Cambridge Science Park = = = +The Cambridge Science Park is a group of science and technology-related businesses started by Trinity College, Cambridge in 1970. It is the oldest science park in the United Kingdom. It has many science and technology related businesses, and has strong links with the nearby University of Cambridge. + += = = Lauterpacht Centre for International Law = = = +The Lauterpacht Centre for International Law (LCIL) at the Faculty of Law, Cambridge, England, was founded in 1985 by Sir Elihu Lauterpacht under the name The Research Centre for International Law. It was renamed in 1997 “to honour the achievements of his father Sir Hersch Lauterpacht and himself”. The purpose of the centre is to "promote international law by a combination of individual and group research”. The centre is currently directed by Professor James Crawford SC, FBA. + += = = Hersch Lauterpacht = = = +Sir Hersch Lauterpacht (16 August 1897 in Zółkiew, Austria-Hungary (nowadays Schowkwa in Ukraine) – 8 May 1960 in London) was an Austrian-born British jurist of Jewish descent. He was a legal scholar, specialized in international law and a philosopher of law, and also a judge and a lawyer. +Life. +Lauterpacht was born in Austrian Galicia, which became Polish after World War I. He studied in Lemberg and in Vienna. During this time he was the first president of the World Federation of Jewish Students. He moved to the United Kingdom in 1923, where he studied at the London School of Economics. He became a British citizen in 1931. +He lectured at several British universities like the London School of Economics, the University of London, and the University of Cambridge. +Lauterpacht was a member of the United Nations' International Law Commission from 1952 to 1954, and a Judge of the International Court of Justice from 1955 to 1960. The Lauterpacht Centre for International Law at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom is named after him. His son Elihu Lauterpacht started the center and was its first director. +Other websites. + += = = Painesville, Ohio = = = +Painesville is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States, along the Grand River. + += = = College Football Hall of Fame = = = +The College Football Hall of Fame is a hall of fame and museum for college football. It is in downtown Atlanta, GA in the United States. +Inductees. +The people in the College Football Hall of Fame (also called Inductees) include: + += = = Solid mechanics = = = +Solid mechanics is the branch of mechanics, physics, and mathematics that concerns itself with how solid matter under external actions works (such as external forces, temperature changes, applied displacements, etc.). It is part of a larger study known as continuum mechanics. One of the most common practical applications of solid mechanics is the Euler-Bernoulli beam equation. + += = = Chicago Police Department = = = +The Chicago Police Department, also known as the CPD, is the main law enforcement agency of the City of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States, under the jurisdiction of the city mayor. It is the largest police department in the Midwest and the second largest in the United States after the New York City Police Department with over 13,700 Sworn Uniformed Police Personnel and over 2,700 Civilian Members. Dating back to 1837, the Chicago Police Department is one of the oldest modern police forces in the world. +On television. +NBC calls it "Chicago Wednesdays," as it shows "Chicago Med", "Chicago Fire" and "Chicago PD" (in that order) on Wednesday evenings. On occasion, they will all share the same story line to where one show ends showing the handoff to the next show. + += = = Lady Margaret Beaufort = = = +Lady Margaret Beaufort (May 31, 1443 – June 29, 1509), of the House of Lancaster, was the mother of King Henry VII of England, and grandmother of Henry VIII. She was an important figure in the Wars of the Roses. Lady Margaret Hall, a college of the University of Oxford, is named after her. + += = = Chicago Tribune Silver Football = = = +The Chicago Tribune Silver Football is awarded by the "Chicago Tribune" to the college football player chosen to be the Most Valuable Player of the Big Ten Conference. + += = = Science park = = = +A science park is a property designed and used for supporting high tech, science, or research related businesses. Science parks are found all over the world, but they mostly exist in developed countries. Over 140 are found in North America alone. + += = = Oxbridge = = = +Oxbridge is a word that is used to mean the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge in England. It used to mean a fictional mix of the two universities, but now refers to both in real life. +The word 'Oxbridge' started because the two universities are very similar: +The competition between Oxford and Cambridge also has a long history, dating back to the days when Cambridge was founded by unsatisfied scholars from Oxford. + += = = Nîmes = = = +Nîmes is a commune. It is the prefecture of the Gard department in the Languedoc-Roussillon region. Nîmes dates back to Ancient Rome. +History. +Nîmes was an important Roman town. Many sites have been discovered, including: +The town was supplied with water by the Pont du Gard. +Sister cities. +Nîmes is twinned with: + += = = Lieutenant = = = +A Lieutenant is an officers rank in the military, police and fire departments. It is an entry level supervisory position. The word comes from the French language. Lieu means "place" and tenant means "holding". A lieutenant is someone who takes the place of a superior when that person is not available. It can also mean a deputy position to assist someone else to carry out their job. +Military. +In many military organizations, a lieutenant is an entry level commissioned officer's rank. Generally, but not always, it is divided into two levels. +Second Lieutenant. +A second lieutanant (2LT) (2ndLt) (2d Lt) (O1) is the lower rank of lieutanant. A second lieutenant is addressed as "lieutenant" the same as a first lieutenant. In the United States Army, for example, a second lieutenant leads a platoon made up of two or more squads or about 16 to 44 soldiers. In this capacity he or she functions as a platoon leader or commander. The length of time an officer can hold the rank of second lieutenant is different in different services. For example, in the British Army it may be held for up to 2 years. +First Lieutenant. +A first lieutenant (1LT) (1stLt) (1st Lt) (O2) is the senior rank of lieutenant. A first lieutenant is also addressed as "lieutenant". In the army, a first lieutenant often functions as the executive officer of a Company (military unit). A company may have from 110 to 140 personnel. In the British Army, an officer may hold this rank for up to three years. +There is great variation in the insignia used worldwide. In most English-speaking and Arabic-speaking countries, as well as a number of European and South American nations, full lieutenants (and equivalents) usually wear two stars (pips) and second lieutenants (and equivalents) one. An example of an exception is the United States, whose armed forces distinguish their lieutenant ranks with one silver bar for first lieutenant and one gold (brass) bar for second lieutenant. +In many Navies including the United States Navy, a lieutenant is the equivalent rank to an army captain and a lieutenant (junior grade) is the same as an army first lieutenant. The equivalent to a second lieutenant is the naval rank of ensign. + += = = Trinity College, Cambridge = = = +Trinity College is a college of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. Trinity has more students than any other college in Cambridge or Oxford. It is also the wealthiest Oxbridge college. It owns the O2 Arena. It is one of the three royal colleges. +Trinity College was formed by King Henry VIII in 1564 when two colleges merged together. These two colleges were Michaelhouse, which had been formed by Hervey de Stanton in 1324, and King's Hall, which had been formed by King Edward II in 1317 and formed again in 1337 by King Edward III. +Two members of the British royal family and six British prime ministers have studied at Trinity College. +Of the 90 people from Cambridge who have won Nobel prizes, 32 were from Trinity College. +Famous people who have studied there include Isaac Newton (who went there in 1661), Charles III and Ludwig Wittgenstein. +The first time that the rules of association football were written down was at Trinity in 1848. +Trinity College's Wren Library is the biggest library at Cambridge. It has around 300,000 books and is open to the public. + += = = Al Wistert = = = +Albert Alexander "Ox" Wistert (December 28, 1920 – March 5, 2016) was a former All-Pro American football player. He played college football at the University of Michigan with the Wolverines. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. +He played in the National Football League for the Phil-Pitt Steagles in 1943 and the Philadelphia Eagles from 1944 to 1951. He is named on the Philadelphia Eagles Honor Roll. +He has his college jersey #11 retired at the University of Michigan and his NFL jersey #70 retired by the Philadelphia Eagles. Outside of football he has become a successful life insurance salesman which he had for 40 years. He was married to his wife Ellie for 61 years before her death and he has three daughters and three grandchildren. +Wistert died on March 5, 2016 in Grants Pass, Oregon. He was aged 95. + += = = Alvin Wistert = = = +Alvin "Moose" Wistert (June 26, 1916 – October 3, 2005) was an American Football player. + += = = The Detroit News = = = +The Detroit News is one of the two major newspapers in the U.S. city of Detroit, Michigan. + += = = John Kowalik = = = + Janusz “John” Kowalik (born 26 March, 1944 in Nowy Sącz) was a Polish football striker. + += = = Veteran = = = +A veteran (from the Latin word "vetus", meaning "old") is a person who has a long experience in something. The term is most often used to describe people who were in the armed forces, especially those who had to fight in a war. +Veterans associations. +United Kingdom. +The Royal British Legion began in 1921 after the First World War. +United States. +At the end of the American Revolution Army and Navy Officers formed the Society of the Cincinnati. After the US Civil War Veterans from the opposing sides formed their own associations: +After the Spanish-American War of 1898 Veterans formed an associations which still exists, called the Veterans of Foreign Wars. After World War I veterans formed the American Legion +There is also the: + += = = Besançon = = = +Besançon is a city in France. It was the capital of the former Free County ("Franche-Comté") region. It is the prefecture of the Doubs department. Its population is around 117,600 (2008). +History. +Besançon is an old city. It is discovered in 58 BC and Julius Caesar writes about it in his book Commentarii de Bello Gallico where it is called "Vesontio". The etymology (origin of the word) is not certain. It could have a Celtic origin. The Celtic word "wes" means mountain. In the 4th century, the letter B became V. The city name changed to "Besontio" or "Bisontion". It became Besançon in 1243. In 1871 the city is going through a revolutionary period, known as Besançon Commune. +The city has a Renaissance citadel. It was later used by the Nazis during World War II. +Climate. +Besançon has an oceanic climate and a continental climate. The average temperature is 10.2 °C (50 °F). The warmest month of the year is July (18.9 °C or 66 °F) and the coldest month is January (1.6 °C or 35 °F). Besançon receives about 1108 mm (44 inches) of precipitation per year. The wettest month is May (111.4 mm or 4.4 in); the driest is July (80.5 mm or 3.2 in). The highest temperature ever, recorded on 31 July 1983, was 38.8 °C (101.8 °F), and the lowest was a −20.7 °C (−5.3 °F) reached on 1 January 1985. +Sister cities. +Besançon is twinned with: + += = = Hunter Valley = = = +The Hunter Valley is an area of New South Wales, Australia. The Hunter River flows through the valley. The Hunter Valley is one of the largest river valleys on the NSW coast. It is known for its wineries and coal mines. It is about to and less than 2 hours drive from north of Sydney, Australia. About 590,000 people live in the valley. More than half of the people live in the coastal cities of Newcastle and Lake Macquarie. There are also other towns and villages across the valley. There are 11 Local Government Areas that look after the area. These eleven LGAs are: +References. +Notes + += = = Mulhouse = = = +Mulhouse is a commune in Alsace in north-eastern France, in the Haut-Rhin department, of which it is a subprefecture. It is in the Grand Est region. +The "commune" is in the historical and cultural region of Alsace, close to the Swiss and German borders. +History. +Mulhouse dates back to the XIIth century. +Medieval Mulhouse consists of an upper and a lower town. +Geography. +Mulhouse is in the southern part of the plain of Alsace in the Haut-Rhin department. Two rivers run through Mulhouse, the Doller and the Ill, both tributaries of the Rhine. +It has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is . +The distances from Mulhouse to other cities are: +The "commune" of Mulhouse is surrounded by the "communes" Riedisheim, Rixheim, Morschwiller-le-Bas and Pfastatt. +Climate. +The area around Mulhouse, at an altitude of about , is characterized by climates with few extremes of temperature. The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Strasbourg is a "Marine West Coast Climate" and of the subtype "Cfb". +The average amount of precipitation for the year in Mulhouse is . The month with the most precipitation on average is June with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is January with an average of . +The average temperature for the year in Mulhouse is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of . +Population. +The inhabitants of Mulhouse are known, in French, as "Mulhousiens" (women: "Mulhousiennes"). +With a population of 111,167, Mulhouse has a population density of inhabitants/km2. +Evolution of the population in Mulhouse +Mulhouse forms, together with 19 other "communes", the urban area of Mulhouse with a population of 246,693 inhabitants (2014) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Mulhouse, formed by 60 "communes" with a population of 285,603 inhabitants and an area of . +Administration. +Mulhouse is a subprefecture of the Haut-Rhin department since 1857. It is the capital of the Mulhouse "arrondissement" and is also the administrative centre () of 3 cantons: +It is part of the intercommunality "Mulhouse Alsace Agglomération". +Twin towns. +Mulhouse is twinned with: + += = = Boulogne-Billancourt = = = +Boulogne-Billancourt (often called Boulogne or Boulbi) is a town in the western suburbs of Paris in France. Boulogne-Billancourt is a sub-prefecture of the Hauts-de-Seine département. It is in the Île-de-France region. Its population is around 106,000. Its land area is 6.17 km2. Its population density is 17,877/km2. +Boulogne-Billancourt is one of the most densely populated municipalities in Europe. Several major communication companies headquarters are in Boulbi. The hospital Ambroise-Paré Hospital is in the city and one campus of the École supérieure des sciences commerciales d'Angers. + += = = Perpignan = = = +Perpignan () is a city in the south of France. It is also a commune and the capital of the Pyrénées-Orientales department. Perpignan was the capital of the old province and county of Roussillon ("Rosselló" in Catalan) and continental capital of the Kingdom of Majorca in the 13th and 14th centuries. +Perpignan was named, from 2001, as a "City of Art and History" () by the French Ministry of Culture and Communication. +Name of the city. +Perpignan is mentioned in a document from 927 as "Villa Perpinianum". Later, there are other, but similar, names: +In Catalan, the regional language of the Pyrénées-Orientales, the name of the city is "". +History. +Middle Ages. +The medieval town of Perpignan seems to have been founded around the beginning of the 10th century (first mentioned in a document as "villa Perpinianum" in 927). Soon Perpignan became the capital of the County of Roussillon. The last Count of Rossillon, Girard II, gave his lands in 1172 to the King of Aragón and Count of Barcelona. +Perpignan was made a partly self-governing commune in 1197. The French king Louis IX gave the Roussillon to the Kingdom of Aragón by the Treaty of Corbeil (1258). +Kingdom of Majorca. +When James I the Conqueror, king of Aragon and count of Barcelona, founded in 1229 the Kingdom of Majorca, Perpignan became the capital of the territory on the mainland. This continued from 1278 to 1344. The "Castle of the Kings of Majorca" () was built during this period. The different parts of the kingdom were the Balearic Islands, Northern Catalonia (Roussillon and Cerdagne) and the coastal area of Montpellier. +This period is considered the golden age in the history of the city. Perpignan became an important center of cloth industry, leather and goldsmiths' and other crafts. +Principality of Catalonia. +In 1344 Peter IV of Aragon took the Kingdom of Majorca and Perpignan once more became part of the County of Barcelona. A few years later Perpignan lost approximately half of its population to the Black Death. Perpignan was attacked and occupied by Louis XI of France in 1463, but in 1493 Charles VIII of France gave it back to Ferdinand II of Aragon. +Again Perpignan was taken by the French during the Thirty Years' War in September 1642. Perpignan was finally given by Spain to France, and from then on it is part of France. +Coat of arms. +The coat of arms of Perpignan shows, as is the case in other cities in the region, the patron saint of the city. Here St John the Baptist is represented in front of the Catalan colours (yellow and red) with a lamb and a Christian cross in his hands, and walking above water. +Geography. +Perpignan is at the centre of Roussillon, an old province organized around an agricultural plain. The city is at approximately from the Mediterranean Sea and about from the Pyrenees mountain range. +It has an area of and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is . +Perpignan is in the valley of the Têt river, in the Roussillon plain which is bordered to the south by the Pyrenees, to the west by the region of Corbières and to the east by the Mediterranean Sea. The old city is on the right side of the Têt river, where the small river La Basse joins the Têt. +It is the southernmost of the great cities of metropolitan France (). +The cities of Pia and Cabestany are now part of Perpignan, while Bompas, Saleilles, Canohès, Toulouges, Le Soler, Baho, Saint-Estève and Rivesaltes are all close to the city limits. Nearest cities are Narbonne to the north (65 km), Montpellier towards the northeast (150 km), Barcelona to the south (190 km) and Toulouse to the northwest (200 km). The distance to Paris is . +Climate. +The climate of Perpignan is a warm Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification "Cfa"), with mild winters and dry summers and warm. +The average temperature for the year in Perpignan is 15.6 °C (60.0 °F). The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 23.9 °C (75.0 °F). The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 8.3 °C (47.0 °F). +The average amount of precipitation for the year in Perpignan is . The month with the most precipitation on average is October with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of . +Population. +The men of Perpignan are called "perpignanais" (women, "perpignanaises"); in Catalan, "perpinyanès" for a man and "perpinyanesa" for a woman. +In Perpignan, both French and Catalan are spoken, as can be seen in the street signs. +With a population in 2014 of 120,605, Perpignan has a population density of inhabitants/km2. +Evolution of the population in Perpignan +Perpignan forms with 66 "communes" the urban area of Perpignan with a population of 313,861 inhabitants (2013) and an area of . The centre of this urban area is the metropolitan area of Perpignan, formed by 15 "communes" with a population of 197,715 inhabitants and an area of . +Administration. +Perpignan is the prefecture of the Pyrénées-Orientales department since 1790. It is also the capital of the "arrondissement" of Perpignan and the administrative centre () of six cantons: +It is part of the intercommunality "Perpignan Méditerranée" (). +Twinned and partner towns. +Perpignan is twinned with: +Twinned towns +Partner towns +Economy. +Traditional commerce is in wine and olive oil, corks (the cork oak "Quercus suber" grows in Perpignan's mild climate), wool and leather, and iron. + += = = Murrurundi = = = +Murrurundi is a small country town in the Upper Hunter Valley of New South Wales. Murrurundi is by road from Newcastle and km from Sydney. In 2006 there were 2162 people (ABS 2006) living in Murrurundi. The town is circled by mountains of the Liverpool Range. It is on the Pages River, which flows into the Hunter River. The name "Murrurundi" is from an Aboriginal word meaning "Five fingers". This is the name given to a group of rocks at the north end of the town. +History. +The first people to live in the Murrurundi area were the Australian aboriginal people, the Wanaruah and the Kamilaroi. European settlement of the area began in the 1820s. Benjamin Hall, the father of bushranger Ben Hall started a cattle farm in the area in 1839. The town was started by the New South Wales government in 1840. In the same year, a local land owner - Thomas Haydon - started his own town called Haydonton. Benjamin Hall opened a butcher's shop in Haydonton in 1842. Ben Hall lived here until the age of 13. In 1913, the two towns were joined together to make the modern-day town of Murrurundi. +Mining. +Kerosene shale was first mined at Mount Temi, north of Murrurundi in 1886. The mine was reopened in 1910. The shale was moved from the mine on a rope system known as an aerial ropeway. It was then loaded onto trains at a railway built at Temple Court, just west of Murrurundi. The mine closed in the First World War. +Sport. +Every year there is a rodeo and the King of the Ranges stockman (cowboy) contest. Other sports played in the town include rugby, touch football, swimming, and cricket. +Railway station. +Murrurundi railway station is on the Main North railway line, from Sydney. The station opened in 1872. There is a large brick station-house, a passing loop and goods yard. +There is a train to and from Sydney and Armidale/Moree every day. + += = = Roubaix = = = +Roubaix is a city in the Nord department, in the Hauts-de-France region, in north France. About 94,000 live there at about 7,119 people per square kilometer. It is near the cities Lille and Tourcoing. There is a metro and tram line between Roubaix and these places. Roubaix is near the Belgian border. The city is well known for its cycling race Paris-Roubaix which is over 259.5 km and includes almost 50 km of cobblestone sections. +Twin towns. +Roubaix is twinned with: + += = = Pau, France = = = +Pau is a commune in southwestern France, in the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It is the "prefecture" (capital) of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department. It is also the capital of 6 "cantons" in the department: Jurançon, Pau-Centre, Pau-Est, Pau-Nord, Pau-Ouest and Pau-Sud. +Pau is the second city of Aquitaine, after Bordeaux. Pau was also the capital of the old historical province of Béarn. +Geography. +Pau is at about from Bordeaux and from Toulouse, on a 200 m elevation overlooking the valley of a mountain river called the Gave de Pau, and at from the Atlantic Ocean and at from the Pyrenees. +It has an area of and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is . +Pau is surrounded by the "communes" Buros, Montardon, Morlaàs, Bizanos, Idron, Gelos, Jurançon,Lons and Billère. +Climate. +The climate of Pau is Marine West Coast Climate (Köppen climate classification "Cfb"), with mild winters and warm summers. +The average temperature for the year in Pau is 13.5 °C (56.3 °F). The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 20.7 °C (69.3 °F). The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 6.6 °C (43.9 °F). +The average amount of precipitation for the year in Pau is . The month with the most precipitation on average is December with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of . +Population. +With a population of 77,575, Pau has a population density of inhabitants/km2. +The inhabitants of Pau are known, in French, as "Paulois" (women: "Pauloises"). +Administration. +Pau is the "prefecture" of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department since 1796. It is also the capital of four "Cantons": +Twin towns. +Pau is twinned with: + += = = John Dunn = = = +John Dunn (14 December 1846 – 19 March 1866) was an Australian bushranger. He was only 17 years old when he joined up with Ben Hall and John Gilbert and became a member of their gang. +Early life. +He was born at Murrumburrah near Yass, New South Wales. His parents were Michael Dunn and Margaret Kelly. Dunn was only a small youth and worked as a jockey. He had robbed a Chinese gold miner and been in trouble with the police. +Ben Hall's gang. +Dunn was a member of the gang when they tried to rob the mail coach near Jugiong on 16 November 1864. Gilbert shot Sergeant Parry to death during the robbery. The government already had offered reward money for the capture of the Gilbert and Hall; they now offered £500 for John Dunn. +The bushrangers spent Christmas, 1864, with Dunn's parents at Murrumburrah. After visiting Dunn's grandfather, John Kelly, near Binalong they rode to Binda on Boxing Day, 26 December. Gilbert and Dunn spent the night dancing at the Flag Hotel. Hall stood at the door and stopped people from going to get the police. +On 26 January 1865, Hall, Gilbert and Dunn were at Collector, south of Goulburn. While Hall and Gilbert were robbing the hotel, John Dunn stayed outside to watch for the police. Most of the police were out in the bush searching for the bushrangers. Policeman, Constable Samuel Nelson, was told the bushrangers were at the hotel. He told his wife he would "have to do his best". As he walked up to the hotel Dunn fired two shots into his face. Nelson was the father of nine children. One of the children saw the shooting. The bushrangers stole Nelson's gun, and his personal belongings and then left the town. During the next three months, the gang continued to rob from farmhouses and mail coaches. +Outlaw. +In May 1865, Hall, Gilbert, and Dunn were made "outlaws"; they could be killed by anyone at anytime. Hall was found by the police in the bush near Forbes, New South Wales and shot dead. A week later, Gilbert was shot by the police at the home of John Kelly, Dunn's grandfather, near Binalong, on 13 May. Dunn was able to escape, although he was also shot. Dunn's Grandfather had told the police where the bushrangers were so that he could get the reward money. +Dunn went into hiding near Quambone Station (a farm) but another friend told the police where he was living. Dunn was badly hurt when the police went to capture him on 26 December 1865. Even though he was hurt, he climbed out of the police station window but was soon caught again. He was taken to Sydney to be tried in court. On 19 January 1866, he was found guilty of killing Nelson and sentenced to death. He was hanged on 19 March 1865 at the Darlinghurst Gaol. He was only 19 years old. He is buried in the old Devonshire Street cemetery in Sydney. + += = = Gianfranco Zola = = = +Gianfranco Zola OBE (born 5 July 1966) is an Italian former football player, who is now the manager of West Ham United. +As a footballer he played for Napoli, Parma, Chelsea and Cagliari He was renowned for his technique, skill and dribbling. In total, he played in 632 league games and scored 184 goals in his career. He became manager of West Ham on 11 September 2008, replacing Alan Curbishley, after he stopped working as Italy Under-21's manager. +Club career statistics. +403||125 +229||59 +632||184 +International career statistics. +!Total||35||9 + += = = Asnières-sur-Seine = = = +Asnières-sur-Seine is a town in France near Paris. It is in the region Île-de-France and the department Hauts-de-Seine. About 76,000 people live there. It is one of the most densely populated municipalities in Europe (its density is 17,178/km2). +History. +"Asnières-sur-Seine" used to just be called Asnières. The name Asnières was first mentionned in 1158 as "Asnerias", from Medieval Latin "asinaria", meaning "donkey farm". The soil of Asnières was poor, where heather grew in Medieval times, was probably only good enough for breeding donkeys. +Economy. +Different famous companies are located in Asnières: + += = = Fort-de-France = = = +Fort-de-France is the capital of the French Caribbean oversees department of Martinique. It is one of the major cities in the Caribbean. Martinique exports sugar, rum, tinned fruit, and cacao from the port in Fort-de-France. +Sister city. +Fort-de-France is twinned with: + += = = Drake Bell = = = +Drake Jared Bell (born June 27, 1986) is an American actor, singer. Bell has released a song for Nickelodeon television series Drake & Josh named "I Found a Way". +Life. +Bell was born in Santa Ana, California in 1986. On December 29, 2005, he was badly hurt in a car accident in Los Angeles. He was in the car with a friend. and an oncoming vehicle hit Bell's car, This caused a broken neck, six dislodged teeth, a broken jaw and a deep cut across his chin. Bell had plastic surgery to fix his face. +In 2018, he married Janet Von Schmeling. They have one child, Schmeling filed for divorce in 2022. +During an interview for the 2024 documentary "Quiet on Set: The Dark Side of Kids TV", Bell revealed that Brian Peck, an acting coach, had sexually abused him during his time acting on "The Amanda Show". On August 19, 2003, Peck was arrested and convicted of lewd conduct with a minor. +Career. +Acting. +Bell started to act when he was 5 years old. At the age of 8, he wrote his first song. When he was 9, he played "Tyler" in the movie "Ghost". In 1993, he started to act in "The Amanda Show" with Amanda Bynes. He played Drake Parker on the television series "Drake & Josh". In 2002, Bell played in the movies "Superhero!" and "Merry Christmas, Drake & Josh". +Music. +Bell learned to play guitar when he was 13. On August 23, 2005, he started to sell his first album, "Telegraph". In December 2006, he started to sell his second album, "Its Only Time". His third album was released in 2014. +Controversies. +Bell has made comments that have upset a lot of people. He made a negative comment when Caitlyn Jenner appeared on the cover of Vanity Fair. He deleted the comment soon after he posted it but it was still seen by many readers. In an interview with Buzzfeed he made comments against stars such as Justin Bieber, Lady Gaga and Ariana Grande. He got into still another controversy with a Justin Bieber fan wishing him death. +On June 4, 2021, Bell was arrested in Cleveland, Ohio, on charges relating to "attempted endangering [of] children and disseminating matter harmful to juveniles." Bell had sent a minor "inappropriate social media messages" for "months. On June 23, Bell pleaded guilty to both charges. On July 12, 2021, Bell's victim made a public appearance and statement accusing him of sexually assaulting her while she was underage. Bell was sentenced to two years of probation and 200 hours of community service. + += = = Three Mile Island accident = = = +The Three Mile Island accident occurred on March 28th, 1979 at the Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Plant in Pennsylvania. It was "the single most important event in the fifty-year history of nuclear power regulation in the United States". Many people have seen the event as a turning point for the nuclear power industry in the United States. +The Three Mile Island power station is near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The accident resulted in a partial core meltdown in Unit 2 of the nuclear power plant. Unit 2's pressurized water reactor was of 900 MWe capacity. +The chain of events that led to the crisis at the TMI plant included several minor equipment failures that operator errors drastically compounded, resulting in a major accident. The Three Mile Island accident is largely seen as a failure of crisis management. According to one reviewer of the book: +Reactor operators were not trained to deal with accident conditions, and the NRC had not established effective communication with utilities. Moreover, once the accident occurred, the lines of authority proved to be ill defined. The public received conflicting reports that caused needless panic and evacuations. It was these systemic weaknesses in the regulatory system that allowed gifted people to make the mistakes they did. +Large portions of the TMI-2 reactor core melted, though the fact that a partial meltdown had occurred did not become clear until 1985. The greatest source of concern during the TMI crisis was a hydrogen bubble that formed in the top of the pressure vessel which held the core: +Although opinions differed, some reactor experts feared that over time the hydrogen bubble might become flammable or, less likely, explosive by combining with free oxygen in the vessel. If the bubble burned or exploded, it could rupture the pressure vessel and force the damaged reactor core into the containment building. The loss of the vessel would not make a breach of containment inevitable, but it would increase the risk of a disastrous release of radiation. +In the end, the Three Mile Island accident, though it "caused a grave crisis, did not produce a public health disaster". In the face of a core meltdown, the pressure vessel held and there was no breach of the plant's containment structure. Only "tiny amounts of the most dangerous forms of volatile radiation escaped to the atmosphere". The TMI-2 cleanup took 11 years and cost about US$1 billion. +J. Samuel Walker suggests that the TMI accident incited widespread criticism of nuclear power technology, the nuclear industry, and the NRC. Critics faulted the industry and the NRC for their poor performance both before and after the accident. The international attention garnered by the crisis redoubled the determination of, and enhanced the credibility of, the anti-nuclear movement. Arguably, the United States nuclear industry has never recovered. +Walker reports that studies looking for long-term radiation effects resulting from the accident have reached conflicting conclusions, but it seems that any increase in cancers is slight enough to have occurred by chance. + += = = Windscale fire = = = +The Windscale fire was a fire in Britain's first nuclear reactor at Windscale (now Sellafield) on 10 October 1957. The fire spread radioactive fallout over hundreds of miles. Some of the most dangerous contamination was kept secret, and its effects only came to light years later. At the back of the reactor, ruptured fuel cartridges containing uranium are still jammed in the fire damaged core, awaiting safe removal. Official estimates are that about a hundred people died from the contamination. The cleanup cost over a hundred million pounds. The Windscale fire was the first fire in any nuclear facility. + += = = Alan = = = +Alan may refer to: +People. +"Following are people commonly referred to solely by "Alan" or by a homonymous name." + += = = Tokaimura nuclear accident = = = +The Tokaimura nuclear accident was a serious nuclear radiation accident in Japan. It took place at a uranium-reprocessing facility in Tokaimura, northeast of Tokyo, Japan, on 30 September 1999. The accident occurred in a very small fuel preparation plant operated by JCO. +The direct cause of the accident was workers putting uranyl nitrate solution containing about 16.6 kg of uranium, which exceeded the critical mass, into a precipitation tank. The tank was not designed to dissolve this type of solution and was not designed to prevent such accidents to happen. As a result, three workers were exposed to neutron radiation doses in excess of allowable limits. Two of these workers later died. +Many emergency workers and nearby residents were hospitalized and hundreds of thousands of others were forced to remain indoors for 24 hours. +After the accident. +The three workers who worked at the uranium-reprocessing facility were Hisashi Ouchi, Masato Shinohara, and Yutaka Yokokawa. Two of them died of radiation poisoning. Hisashi Ouchi, aged 35, died 12 weeks after the accident. He had lost most of his skin, and was kept alive for 83 days, according to his parents and wife will. Ouchi was closest to the tank when the accident occurred. He ended up as the first victim of this nuclear accident. Seven months after the accident, Masato Shinohara died, aged 40. +Ouchi was reported to have received 17 sieverts (sv) of radiation, Shinohara 10 sv and Yokokawa 3 sv; 8 sieverts is considered a fatal dose, and 50 milli sieverts is the maximum limit of annual dose allowed for Japanese nuclear workers. +Another 83 workers were subjected to higher radiation than normal. + += = = Nuclear accidents in Japan = = = +Nuclear accidents in Japan include the following major cases: + += = = Nuclear energy policy = = = +Nuclear energy policy is a national and international policy concerning some or all aspects of nuclear energy, such as mining for nuclear fuel, extraction and processing of nuclear fuel from the ore, electricity generation by nuclear power, enriching and storing spent nuclear fuel and nuclear fuel reprocessing. Since nuclear energy and nuclear weapons technologies are closely related, military aspirations can act as a factor in energy policy decisions. The fear of nuclear proliferation influences some international nuclear energy policies. +The use of nuclear energy is limited to a relatively small number of countries in the world. As of 2007, only 31 countries, or 16% of the 191 United Nations Member States, operated nuclear power plants. Countries that rely most on nuclear energy were France (with 75% of its electricity generated by nuclear power stations), Lithuania, Belgium, Bulgaria, Slovakia and Sweden, Ukraine and South Korea. The largest producer of nuclear capacity was the USA with 28% of worldwide capacity, followed by France (18%) and Japan (12%). In 2000, there were 438 commercial nuclear generating units throughout the world, with a total capacity of about 351 gigawatts. +Following the March 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster, Germany has permanently shut down eight of its 17 reactors. Italy voted to keep their country non-nuclear. Switzerland and Spain have banned the construction of new reactors. As of 2013, countries such as Australia, Austria, Denmark, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lichtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Portugal, Israel, Malaysia, New Zealand, and Norway remain opposed to nuclear power. Germany and Switzerland are phasing-out nuclear power. Globally, more nuclear power reactors have closed than opened in recent years. +Nuclear energy policy by country. +Overview. +After the 2011 accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, China, Germany, Switzerland, Israel, Malaysia, Thailand, United Kingdom, and the Philippines are reviewing their nuclear power programs. Indonesia and Vietnam still plan to build nuclear power plants. Countries such as Australia, Austria, Denmark, Greece, Ireland, Luxembourg, Portugal, Israel, Malaysia, New Zealand, North Korea, and Norway remain opposed to nuclear power. +Australia. +Australia produces no nuclear power. Plans to review whether the country should develop nuclear power were abandoned after Kevin Rudd, who opposed the move, was elected prime minister in 2007. +Finland. +As of 2006, Finland's nuclear power program has four nuclear reactors. The first of these came into operation in 1977. They now provide 27% of Finland's electricity. +The third Olkiluoto reactor will be the new European Pressurized Reactor. Scheduled to go on line in 2011, it will have a power output of 1600 MWe. +Construction of Olkiluoto 3 started in August 2005. Two and a half years later the project is "over two years behind schedule and at least 50% over budget, the loss for the provider being estimated at €1.5 billion". +France. +After the oil crisis of the early 1970s, the French government decided in 1974 to move towards self-sufficiency in electricity production, primarily through the construction of nuclear power stations. France today produces around 78.1% of its electricity through nuclear power. Because France produces an overall electricity surplus, it exports nuclear-produced energy. Some of this goes to countries which are ostensibly against the use of nuclear energy, such as Germany. The Board of Electricité de France (Électricité de France or EDF) has approved construction of a 1630 MWe European Pressurized Reactor or EPR at Flamanville, Normandy. Construction is expected to begin in late 2007, with completion in 2012. +In the 1970s, an anti-nuclear movement in France, consisting of citizens' groups and political action committees, emerged. There were many large anti-nuclear protests and demonstrations. More recently, targeted campaigns have been conducted, mainly by Greenpeace, and Sortir du nucléaire (France) has called for an official safety inspection of the Areva facilities. +Germany. +In 2000, the German government, consisting of a coalition including the Green party Alliance '90/The Greens officially announced its intention to phase out nuclear power in Germany. Jürgen Trittin, the Minister of Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, reached an agreement with energy companies on the gradual shut down of the country's nineteen nuclear power plants and a cessation of civil usage of nuclear power by 2020. Legislation was enacted in the Nuclear Exit Law. The power plants in Stade and Obrigheim were turned off on November 14, 2003, and May 11, 2005, respectively. Dismantling of the plants is scheduled to begin in 2007. But the Nuclear Exit Law did not ban enrichment stations - one in Gronau has received permission to extend operations. There have been concerns over the safety of the phase-out, particularly in terms of the transport of nuclear waste. In 2005 Angela Merkel won the German federal election in 2005 with the CDU party. She has subsequently announced to re-negotiate with energy companies the time limit for a shut down of nuclear power stations. But as part of her pact with the SPD, with whom the CDU form a coalition, the phase-out policy has for now been retained. +In November 2008, a shipment of radioactive waste from German nuclear plants arrived at a storage site near Gorleben after being delayed by large protests from nuclear activists. More than 15,000 people took part in the protests which involved blocking trucks with sit-down demonstrations and blocking the route with tractors. The demonstrations were partly a response to conservative calls for a rethink of the planned phaseout of nuclear power stations. +Japan. +Japan has 55 reactors of total capacity 47,577 MWe (49,580 MWe gross) on line, with 2 reactors (2,285 MWe) under construction and 12 reactors (16,045 MWe) planned. Nuclear energy accounts for about 30% of Japan's total electricity production, from 47.5 GWe of capacity (net). There are plans to increase this to 37% in 2009 and 41% in 2014. +On 16 July 2007 a severe earthquake hit the region where Tokyo Electric's Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant is located. The plant with seven units is the largest single nuclear power station in the world. All of the reactors were shut down and are expected to remain closed for damage verification and repairs for at least one year. +During the Fukushima nuclear disaster there was a failure of cooling systems at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Japan on March 11, 2011, and a nuclear emergency was declared. This was the first time a nuclear emergency had been declared in Japan, and 140,000 residents within 20 km of the plant were moved out. Explosions and a fire resulted in dangerous levels of radiation, resulting in a stock market collapse and panic-buying in supermarkets. +United States. +Shippingport power plant was the first commercial nuclear power plant built in the United States in 1958. After the growth of nuclear power in the 1960s, the Atomic Energy Commission anticipated that more than 1,000 reactors would be operating in the United States by 2000. But by the end of the 1970s, it became clear that nuclear power would not grow nearly so dramatically, and more than 120 reactor orders were ultimately cancelled. +As of 2007 in the United States, there are 104 (69 pressurized water reactors and 35 boiling water reactors) commercial nuclear generating units licensed to operate, producing a total of 97,400 megawatts (electric), which is approximately 20% of the nation's total electric energy consumption. The United States is the world's largest supplier of commercial nuclear power. +The Three Mile Island accident has been the most serious accident experienced by the U.S. nuclear industry. Other accidents include those at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Plant, which has been the source of two of the top five most dangerous nuclear incidents in the United States since 1979, according to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. +Several US nuclear power plants closed well before their design lifetimes, including Rancho Seco in 1989 in California, San Onofre Unit 1 in 1992 in California (units 2 and 3 are still operating), Zion Nuclear Power Station in 1998 in Illinois and Trojan Nuclear Power Plant in 1992 in Oregon. Humboldt Bay Nuclear Power Plant in California closed in 1976, 13 years after geologists discovered it was built on a fault (the Little Salmon Fault). Shoreham Nuclear Power Plant never operated commercially as an authorized Emergency Evacuation Plan could not be agreed on due to the political climate after the Three Mile Island and Chernobyl accidents. +Many plants have recently received 20-year extensions to their licensed lifetimes. + += = = Nuclear accident = = = +A nuclear accident is an accident that releases radioactivity to the environment, harmfully affects people, and causes a nuclear meltdown. +The most serious nuclear accident has been the Chernobyl disaster in 1986. Other serious nuclear accidents include Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, Three Mile Island accident, the Windscale fire, Mayak accident, and the SL-1 accident. In the period to 2007, 63 major nuclear accidents have occurred at nuclear power plants. Twenty-nine of these have occurred since the Chernobyl disaster, and 71 percent of all nuclear accidents (45 out of 63) occurred in the United States. +Fukushima, Onagawa and Tōkai. +On 11 March 2011, the Magnitude 9.0 devastating Sendai earthquake and tsunami took place in Japan. As a result, "Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant", "Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Plant", "Onagawa Nuclear Power Plant" and "Tōkai Nuclear Power Plant stations" consisting of eleven (11) reactors were automatically shut down following the earthquake. +At Fukushima Daiichi and Daini tsunami waves went over seawalls and destroyed diesel backup power systems. This loss of power caused severe problems including two large explosions at Fukushima Daiichi and leakage of radiation. Over 200,000 people have been evacuated. Seismic recordings at six assessed nuclear power plant facilities indicated the plants had been exposed to "peak ground accelerations" of 0.037–0.383 "g" and "peak ground velocities" of 6.18–52.62 cm/sec. +One year after the accident, the official death toll related to the Fukushima accident has been five: one caused by the earthquake, another one had a heart attack, two people drowned, and a last person died in October for unreported causes. None of the deaths have been caused by radiation. +Chernobyl disaster. +The Chernobyl disaster was a major accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant on April 26, 1986, with an explosion at the plant and later radioactive contamination of the surrounding area. It is so far the worst nuclear accident in the history of nuclear power. A plume of radioactive fallout drifted over parts of the western Soviet Union, Eastern and Western Europe, Scandinavia, the UK, Ireland and eastern North America. Large areas of Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia were badly damaged, forcing the people in charge to have to evacuate and resettle more than 336,000 people. About 60% of the radioactive fallout landed in Belarus, according to official post-Soviet data. +The accident made many people worried about the safety of the Soviet nuclear power industry. As a result, plans for more nuclear plants were put on hold and the Soviet government, who were not very open with its data, had to make public more of its data. The now-independent countries of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus have had to spend a lot of money and time on decontamination and health care costs of the Chernobyl accident. Nobody knows how many people died because of this accident. This is because the Soviets covered up information, did not fully complete lists, and did not let doctors list "radiation" as the reason why some people died. Most of the expected long-term deaths, such as that from cancer, have not yet happened and it is hard to say that Chernobyl was the full reason for their deaths. +At Fukushima I and II tsunami waves overtopped seawalls and destroyed diesel backup power systems, leading to severe problems including two large explosions at Fukushima I and leakage of radiation. +Three Mile Island accident. +On March 28, 1979, the Unit 2 nuclear power plant on the Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station (TMI-2) in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania near Harrisburg suffered a partial core meltdown. +The Three Mile Island accident was the worst accident in American commercial nuclear power generating history, even though it led to no deaths or injuries to plant workers or members of the nearby community. +The accident unfolded over the course of five tense days, as a number of agencies at local, state and federal level tried to diagnose the problem and decide whether or not the on-going accident required a full emergency evacuation of the population. The full details of the accident were not discovered until much later. In the end, the reactor was brought under control. Although approximately 25,000 people lived within five miles of the island at the time of the accident, no identifiable injuries due to radiation occurred, and a government report concluded that "the projected number of excess fatal cancers due to the accident... is approximately one". But the accident had serious economic and public relations consequences, and the cleanup process was slow and costly. It also furthered a major decline in the public popularity of nuclear power, exemplifying for many the worst fears about nuclear technology and, until the Chernobyl disaster seven years later, it was considered the world's worst civilian nuclear accident. +Davis-Besse. +Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station is a nuclear power plant with a single reactor located on the southwest shore of Lake Erie near Oak Harbor, Ohio. According to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Davis-Besse has been the source of two of the top five most dangerous nuclear incidents in the United States since 1979. +SL-1 accident. +The SL-1, or Stationary Low-Power Reactor Number One, was a United States Army experimental nuclear power reactor which underwent a steam explosion and meltdown in January 1961, killing its three operators. The direct cause was the improper withdrawal by a maintenance team of a single reactor control rod. The event is the only reported fatal reactor accident in the United States. +Windscale fire. +On October 10, 1957, the graphite core of a British nuclear reactor at Windscale, Cumbria, caught fire, releasing substantial amounts of radioactive contamination into the surrounding area. The event, known as the Windscale fire, was considered the world's worst nuclear accident until the Three Mile Island accident in 1979. +The fire itself released an estimated 20,000 curies (700 |terabecquerels) of radioactive material into the nearby countryside. Of particular concern was the radioactive isotope iodine-131, which has a half-life of only 8 days but is taken up by the human body and stored in the thyroid. As a result, consumption of iodine-131 often leads to cancer of the thyroid. +No one was evacuated from the surrounding area, but there was concern that milk might be dangerously contaminated. Milk from about 500 km2 of nearby countryside was destroyed (diluted a thousandfold and dumped in the Irish Sea) for about a month. +Mayak accident. +Mayak is the name of a nuclear fuel reprocessing plants 150 km northwest of Chelyabinsk in Russia. Working conditions at Mayak resulted in severe health hazards and many accidents, with a serious accident occurring in 1957. +The 1957 Kyshtym disaster occurred when the failure of the cooling system for a tank storing tens of thousands of tons of dissolved nuclear waste resulted in a non-nuclear explosion having a force estimated at about 75 tons of TNT (310 gigajoules), which released some 20 MCi (740 petabecquerels) of radiation. Subsequently, at least 200 people died of radiation sickness, 10,000 people were evacuated from their homes, and 470,000 people were exposed to radiation. +Attacks on nuclear plants. +Nuclear reactors become easy targets during military conflict and, over the past three decades, have been repeatedly attacked: +Radiation accidents. +Radiation is harmful to health and there have been many accidents caused by radiation: + += = = Parallel port = = = +The parallel port (also known as a printer port or Centronics port) is a type of interface found on computers for connecting various peripherals. In computing, a parallel port is a parallel communication physical interface. It was a de facto industry standard for many years, and was finally standardized as IEEE 1284 in the late 1990s, which defined a bi-directional version of the port. +The parallel port interface was originally known as the Parallel Printer Adapter on IBM PC-compatible computers. It was primarily designed to operate a line printer that used IBM's 8-bit extended ASCII character set to print text, but could also be used to adapt other peripherals. Graphical printers, along with a host of other devices, have been designed to communicate with the system. +In the 21st century, the parallel port interface is seeing decreasing use because of the rise of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and FireWire (IEEE 1394) devices, along with network printing using Ethernet. + += = = Plastic surgery = = = +Plastic surgery is a surgery that is done to change the way a person's body looks or works. Some plastic surgeries can change both. Work can be done on someone's bones, cartilage, muscles, fat, and skin. +The two most common forms of plastic surgery are reconstruction (fixing body parts that have been damaged) and cosmetic (changing size shape or color of body parts to make them look better). An example of reconstructive plastic surgery is fixing a part of the body that has been burned. An example of cosmetic plastic surgery is a surgery called a "face-lift": pulling the skin of the face tight so that the client looks younger. + += = = Nürburgring = = = +The Nürburgring, known as simply "the Ring" by enthusiasts, is the name of a famous motorsport race track in Nürburg, Germany, built in the 1920s around the village and medieval castle of Nürburg in the Eifel, which is about 70 kilometres south of Cologne, 100 kilometres northwest of Mainz, and 120 kilometres northwest of Frankfurt. +Originally, the track featured four track configurations: the long "Gesamtstrecke" ("Whole Course"), which included the 22.810 km "Nordschleife" ("Northern Loop"), and the 7.747 km "Südschleife" ("Southern Loop"). There also was a 2.281 km warm-up loop called "Zielschleife" ("Finish Loop") or better known as "Betonschleife", around the pit area. +Between 1982 and 1983 the start-finish area was demolished to create a new "GP-Strecke", and this is currently used for all major and international racing events. + += = = Aung San Suu Kyi = = = +Aung San Suu Kyi (born 19 June 1945 in Yangon, Burma) is a human rights activist, Nobel Peace Prize winner, and State Counsellor of Myanmar. +Suu Kyi was not able to be president. Instead, she became the State Counsellor of Myanmar. +She brought some democracy to her country with nonviolence. +She is the leader of the National League for Democracy in Burma and a famous prisoner. She has been under house arrest several times. Suu Kyi won the Rafto Prize and the Sakharov Prize in 1990, and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991. In 1992, she was awarded the Jawaharlal Nehru peace prize. +She is sometimes called "Daw Aung San Suu Kyi". Daw is not part of her name, but a title for older women. This name shows respect for her. She is called Amay Suu by the people, meaning Mother Suu. +On 1 February 2021, Aung San Suu Kyi was arrested and removed from power by the military during a coup d'état. The military thought the government changed the results of the November 2020 Myanmar general election. On February 3, Suu Kyi was accused of breaking Myanmar's import laws. On February 16, Myanmar police filed a second criminal charge against her, this time for breaking the country's Natural Disaster Law. There were more charges and in December 2022 she was sentenced to 33 years in prison, later reduced to 27 years. +Personal life. +Aung San Suu Kyi was the third child in her family. Her name "Aung San" comes from her father, who is also named Aung San; "Kyi" comes from her mother; and "Suu" comes from her grandmother. +Her father helped to make Burma independent from the United Kingdom in 1947. He was killed in the same year. She grew up with her mother, Khin Kyi, and two brothers, Aung San Lin and Aung San Oo in Yangon. One of her brothers, Aung San Lin, drowned when Suu Kyi was eight. Her other brother, Aung San Oo currently lives in San Diego, California and is an American citizen. +Suu Kyi went to Catholic schools for much of her childhood in Burma. She learned English in school. +Khin Kyi, Suu Kyi's mother, became famous as a politician. She became the Burmese ambassador to India in 1960. Aung San Suu Kyi went to college in India at the Lady Shri Ram College for Women in New Delhi. Suu Kyi continued her education at St Hugh's College, Oxford, and learned about philosophy, politics, and economics. She also went to the School of Oriental and African Studies at University of London in the 1980s. +She moved to New York and worked at the United Nations. In 1972, Aung San Suu Kyi married Michael Aris (1946-1999), a professor of Tibetan culture who lived in Bhutan. She had met Aris when they were both students at Oxford. In 1973, she gave birth to her first son, Alexander, in London; and in 1977 she had her second son, Kim. +Political career. +Aung San Suu Kyi returned to Burma in 1988 to take care of her sick mother. That year, the long-time leader of the socialist ruling party, General Ne Win, retired. +She admired Mohandas Gandhi's use of nonviolence. She was also inspired by Buddhism. Aung San Suu Kyi worked for democracy and helped make the National League for Democracy on September 27th 1988. Because Suu Kyi was working against the government, she was asked to leave the country, but she did not. +She was arrested in 1989 and placed in prison in 1990. This was after an election which her party, the National League for Democracy, won, but they were not allowed to be in charge of the country. Between 1990 and 2010, she was almost always in her home, which is called house arrest. Burma released her in November 2010. Suu Kyi was going to be released in 2009, but when a man entered her home she was kept on house arrest for another year because she had broken the rules of the house arrest. +After she was released from house arrest, she was elected to be State Counsellor. When she was State Counsellor, Burma had serious problems with the genocide of the Rohingya. +Political belief. +When she was asked what democratic models Myanmar could look to, she said: "We have many, many lessons to learn from various places, not just the Asian countries like South Korea, Taiwan, Mongolia and Indonesia". She also cited "the eastern European countries, which made the transition from communist autocracy to democracy in the 1980s and 1990s, and the Latin American countries, which made the transition from military governments". She added that "we wish to learn from everybody who has achieved a transition to democracy, and also (...) because we are so far behind everybody else, we can also learn which mistakes we should avoid." + += = = Ranger Uranium Mine = = = +Ranger Uranium Mine is a large uranium deposit in the Kakadu National Park. The uranium is legally owned by the Australian Government, and is sold internationally. This mining, and the presence of uranium in Kakadu have come under controversy, due to the widespread publicity regarding the potential danger of nuclear power and uranium mining. +Kakadu is on the World Heritage List, both for its cultural and natural value, a rare feat because few sites are featured for both reasons. + += = = Nevada Test Site = = = +The Nevada Test Site is an area set aside for the testing of nuclear weapons. It is looked after by the United States Department of Energy. It is in Nye County, Nevada, about 65 miles (105 km) northwest of Las Vegas. +The site was begun on January 11, 1951. It covers an area of 1,350 square miles (3,500 km2) of desert and mountain lands. Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site began with a one-kiloton (4 terajoule) bomb. This was the same explosive force as a bomb using 1,000 metric tons of TNT. This bomb was dropped on Frenchman Flat on January 27, 1951. Many of the famous photos of the nuclear age were taken at the Nevada Test Site. +When testing ended in 1992, the Energy Department said that more than 300 million curies of radiation remained, making the site one of the most radioactively contaminated places in the United States. + += = = Napoleon (Animal Farm) = = = +Napoleon is a character in the book "Animal Farm". Together with Snowball, he is a boar that Mr. Jones is breeding for sale at the market. Napoleon is the only Berkshire boar on Manor Farm. He is fierce-looking, large, and very stubborn, wanting things to be done his own way. Napoleon is very selfish and only cares about his own good. +Symbolism. +Napoleon is based on Stalin of the October Revolution, who harshly ruled the entire Soviet Union. Napoleon's name is derived from the French conqueror with the same name. + += = = Snowball (Animal Farm) = = = +Snowball is a a character in the book "Animal Farm". Like Napoleon, Snowball is a boar raised by Mr. Jones for sale. Unlike Napoleon, Snowball's plans and projects are targeted at improving the quality of Manor Farm. He is a vivacious pig, quick in speech, and a brilliant inventor. +Snowball is based on Trotsky of the October Revolution, who was exiled by Stalin and later murdered by the KGB (Soviet secret police) on Stalin's order. + += = = Anti-nuclear movement in Australia = = = +Australia has no nuclear power stations and the Rudd Labor government was opposed to nuclear power for Australia. However, Australia does have a small research reactor (OPAL) in Sydney, and it does export uranium. +Uranium mining and export and nuclear issues have often been the subject of public debate, and the anti-nuclear movement in Australia has a long history. It began with the 1972–73 debate over French nuclear testing in the Pacific, which involved several groups, and the 1976–77 debate about uranium mining in Australia. +Issues. +The case against nuclear power and uranium mining in Australia has been concerned with the impacts of nuclear energy; with the shortcomings of nuclear power as an energy source; and with presenting a sustainable energy strategy. The most prominent adverse impact of nuclear power is seen to be its potential contribution towards proliferation of nuclear weapons. For example, the 1976 Ranger Inquiry report stated that "The nuclear power industry is unintentionally contributing to an increased risk of nuclear war. This is the most serious hazard associated with the industry". +The health risks associated with nuclear materials have also been of concern. This has been the case worldwide because of incidents like the Chernobyl disaster, but Australian concerns have also involved specific local factors such as controversy over the health effects of nuclear testing in Australia and the South Pacific, and the emergence of prominent anti-nuclear campaigner Helen Caldicott, who is a medical practitioner. +The economics of nuclear power has been a factor in anti-nuclear campaigns, with critics arguing that such power is uneconomical in Australia, particularly given the country's abundance of coal resources. +From the perspective of the anti-nuclear movement, most of the problems with nuclear power today are much the same as in the 1970s. Nuclear reactor accidents remain a possibility and no convincing solution to the problem of long-lived radioactive waste has been proposed. Nuclear weapons proliferation continues to occur. The alternatives to nuclear power, energy efficiency and renewable energy (especially wind power), have been further developed and commercialised. + += = = Sublingual gland = = = +The sublingual glands are one of the main three pairs of salivary glands. The other two are the parotid gland and the submandibular gland. The sublingual glands are located in the front part of the bottom of the mouth, under the tongue. + += = = Anti-nuclear movement in the United States = = = +For many years the anti-nuclear movement in the United States succeeded in delaying or halting commitments to build some new nuclear plants. Anti-nuclear campaigns that captured national public attention in the 1970s involved the Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant, Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, Diablo Canyon Power Plant, Shoreham Nuclear Power Plant, and the Three Mile Island accident. More recent targeted campaigning has related to the Indian Point Energy Center, Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station, Pilgrim Nuclear Generating Station, Salem Nuclear Power Plant, Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant, Idaho National Laboratory, proposed Yucca Mountain waste repository, the Hanford Site, the Nevada Test Site, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and transportation of nuclear waste from the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Many different groups have been involved in various protests and demonstrations over the years. +More than eighty anti-nuclear groups are operating, or have operated, in the United States. These include: Abalone Alliance, Clamshell Alliance, Greenpeace USA, Institute for Energy and Environmental Research, Musicians United for Safe Energy, Nevada Desert Experience, Nuclear Control Institute, Nuclear Information and Resource Service, Public Citizen Energy Program, Shad Alliance, and the Sierra Club. +Anti-nuclear protests reached a peak in the 1970s and 1980s and grew out of the environmental movement. Campaigns that captured national public attention involved the Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant, Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, Diablo Canyon Power Plant, Shoreham Nuclear Power Plant, and Three Mile Island. +Beginning in the 1980s, many anti-nuclear power activists began shifting their interest, by joining a rapidly growing nuclear freeze movement, and the primary concern about nuclear hazards in the USA changed from the problems of nuclear power plants to the prospects of nuclear war. On June 12, 1982, one million people demonstrated in New York City's Central Park against nuclear weapons and for an end to the cold war arms race. It was the largest anti-nuclear protest and the largest political demonstration in American history. International Day of Nuclear Disarmament protests were held on June 20, 1983 at 50 sites across the United States. There were many Nevada Desert Experience protests and peace camps at the Nevada Test Site during the 1980s and 1990s. +More recent campaigning by anti-nuclear groups has related to several nuclear power plants including the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Power Plant, Indian Point Energy Center, Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station, Pilgrim Nuclear Generating Station, Salem Nuclear Power Plant, and Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant. There have also been campaigns relating to the Y-12 Nuclear Weapons Plant, the Idaho National Laboratory, Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository proposal, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, +Some scientists and engineers have expressed reservations about nuclear power, including: Barry Commoner, S. David Freeman, John Gofman, Arnold Gundersen, Mark Z. Jacobson, Amory Lovins, Arjun Makhijani, Gregory Minor, M.V. Ramana, Joseph Romm and Benjamin K. Sovacool. Scientists who have opposed nuclear weapons include Paul M. Doty, Hermann Joseph Muller, Linus Pauling, Eugene Rabinowitch, M.V. Ramana and Frank N. von Hippel. + += = = Prajna = = = +Prajna is a Buddhist word meaning wisdom. It is one of three divisions of the Noble Eightfold Path. The understanding is a goal of contemplation. Buddhism traces its origins to Siddattha Gotama, who lived from about 563 to 483 BCE. He was known as the Buddha, which means "the enlightened one". + += = = Squealer (Animal Farm) = = = +Squealer is a porker on Manor Farm in the book "Animal Farm". Squealer is a very fat little piglet, with round cheeks, twinkling eyes, nimble movements, coupled together with a shrill voice. While arguing a difficult point, he skips from side to side and whisks his tail around in a persuasive manner, allowing him to lie with ease. The pig is seen as the propagandist in the book and his ability to use language well makes his speeches believable by the other less intelligent animals. squealer is also uses rhetorical language to manipulate animals. +Squealer is based on the Russia media of Stalin's time, and all the advertisement of Stalin. + += = = 2006 Palestinian legislative election = = = +On January 25 2006, Palestinians voted for the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC), the legislature of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA). Without counting the 2005 municipal elections and the January 9, 2005 presidential election, this was the first election to the PLC since 1996; since then, elections had been delayed several times due to the continuing Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Palestinian voters in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank including East Jerusalem were allowed to participate in the election. +Final results show that Hamas won the election, with 74 seats. The ruling party, Fatah, only got 45, giving Hamas the majority of the 132 available seats and the chance to form a majority government on their own. Analysis of election results shows that the number of seats each party won agrees with their percentage of the vote for the 66 list seats. Hamas is overrepresented in the 66 district seats because it nominated more strategically than Fatah and did not have to compete with third parties and independents for the same voters' support. +The Prime Minister, Ahmed Qurei, resigned, but at the request of President Mahmoud Abbas, remained as interim Prime Minister until February 19, when Hamas leader Ismail Haniya formed the new government. The Quartet threatened to cut funds to the Palestinian Authority following the elections. + += = = Tizimín = = = +Tizimín is a city in Mexico. The city is 100 miles east of Mérida city. +In the Maya language, Tizimín means tapir. A tapir is a big animal that lives in South America. + += = = Dick Locher = = = +Richard Earl "Dick" Locher (June 4, 1929 – August 6, 2017) was a cartoonist. He has made cartoons for lots of things, including the Chicago Tribune. He has also made cartoons for "Life", "Time", "Newsweek", "U.S. News and World Report", "Forbes", and the "Congressional Record". He was born in Dubuque, Iowa. +Locher died of Parkinson's disease on August 6, 2017 in Naperville, Illinois, aged 88. + += = = Come See the Paradise = = = +Come See the Paradise is a movie made in 1990. It is about people from Japanese families in the United States during World War II. The movie shows how some of those people were put into prison because they were Japanese. + += = = Tisa (disambiguation) = = = +Tisa can be any of the following: + += = = Tisza (disambiguation) = = = +Tisza can be any of the following: + += = = Paris Tramway Line 1 = = = +Paris Tramway Line 1 is one of the tram lines in Paris. +It was opened in 1992. + += = = Flag of Oklahoma = = = +The flag and banner of the U.S. state of Oklahoma is made up of a Osage Nation buffalo-skin shield with seven eagle feathers on a sky blue background. + += = = Seal of Oklahoma = = = +The Great Seal of Oklahoma is a five-pointed star in a circle. The center of the star is made up of the Seal of the Territory of Oklahoma. +Inside the star are seals of five Native American Nations from Oklahoma. +The top point is for the Chickasaw nation, showing a warrior holding a bow and shield. +The upper left-hand point is for the Cherokee Nation, showing a star with a wreath of oak leaves. +The upper right-hand point is for the Choctaw Nation, showing a tomahawk, a bow, and three crossed arrows. +The lower left-hand point is for the Creek Nation, showing a sheaf of wheat and a plow. +The lower right-hand point is for the Seminole Nation, showing houses and a factory on a lake with a hunter paddling a canoe. +The forty-five small stars around the middle star are for the forty-five states in the Union when Oklahoma became a state in 1907. + += = = Orienteering = = = + where people run around an area to certain control points given on a map. There are lots of types of orienteering and the most popular type in Britain and the US is called Foot Orienteering. In orienteering people use a special map which shows where they have to go and in what order. People are timed and the person who is quickest wins. The word "Orienteering" comes from orientering, which is a word that comes from Sweden. +Orienteering is developed by International Orienteering Federation (IOF). +IOF recognizes the following types of orienteering: +History. +Orienteering started in Sweden. It was meant to get people in the army to get ready for war. The first large orienteering event was when 220 people went orienteering in a place near Stockholm. +About sixty years ago, people started orienteering in Europe, Asia, North America, Australia, and New Zealand and in 1967 a group of people started to meet up in the United States of America to make an orienteering club. +There are now orienteering groups for 67 countries. +Foot-Orienteering. +Foot-Orienteering is one of the IOF recognised orienteering types. The athlete covers the distance of his course only using his feet. +The IOF organises World Orienteering Championships (WOC) every year and the European Orienteering Championships once every two years. The first WOC was held in 1966 in Finland. Only 10 nations took part in the first WOC. +Ski-Orienteering. +Ski Orienteering is where the competitor Cross-Country Skis around paths and tracks trying to find the controls. +Mountain bike orienteering. +Mountain bike orienteering or MTBO that you can say is a sport where you cycle through the forest on small paths and trying to find the controls. +The Olympics. +In the year 1996 some people decided to start to try to have orienteering as a sport in the Olympic games. It has yet to become a sport in the Olympics. +As a skill. +Orienteering is also done as a life skill. It is used in training of many countries' armed forces. Often, soldiers have to do orienteering courses at night or in the rain. Orienteering is also part of Scoutcraft in many branches of Scouting. Many Scouting groups require learning orienteering to make higher ranks. + += = = Brad Henry = = = +Charles Bradford "Brad" Henry, Jr. (born June 10, 1963) is an American politician. He was the Governor of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. + += = = Governor of Oklahoma = = = +The Governor of the State of Oklahoma is the head of state for the State of Oklahoma, United States. +The office was created in 1907 when Oklahoma was officially admitted to the United States as the 46th state. Prior to statehood in 1907, the office was preceded by a Presidential appointed Governor of Oklahoma Territory with similar powers. The 28th and current Governor of Oklahoma is Kevin Stitt, a member of the Republican Party. + += = = King of the Klondike = = = +King of Klondike is the main chapter of The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck. +Plot. +Scrooge goes to Klondike, where he looks for gold at the White Agony Creek. Scrooge goes to Dawson where he meets an occasional thief, Glittering Goldie. Goldie and Scrooge fall in love but they not admit it to each other. Soapy Slick, an evil business man, tries to make Scrooge to work free for him but Scrooge destroys his bar. Scrooge returns to White Agony Creek, where he finds gold and finally becomes rich. + += = = The Billionaire of Dismal Downs = = = +"The Billionaire of Dismal Downs" is the ninth episode of "The life and times of Scrooge McDuck". +Plot. +After finding gold, Scrooge buys the Whitehorse Bank and begins to build a financial empire. Scrooge goes back to Scotland where he tries to prove that he is a "real Scotsman" by playing in the "Scottish Games". Scrooge fails but he decides to install his matrices in Duckburg, on the Occidental coast. The episode ends with Scrooge and his sisters going to Duckburg. + += = = A Cage of Nightingales = = = +A Cage of Nightingales is a 1945 French movie directed by Jean Dréville. In French it is called La Cage aux rossignols. It was one of the movies that nearly won an Oscar award. It was first shown in the USA in 1947. + += = = Clarence Clifton Young = = = +Clarence Clifton Young (November 7, 1922 – April 3, 2016) was an American politician from the state of Nevada. He was a member of United States House of Representatives from January 3, 1953 to January 3, 1957. He was from the Republican Party. +Young died in Reno, Nevada on April 3, 2016, aged 93. + += = = San Salvador = = = +San Salvador is the capital and largest city of the nation of El Salvador. + += = = Ivybridge = = = +Ivybridge is a small town in the county of Devon in South West England. + += = = OGame = = = +OGame is a browser-based strategy game. The game was created in 2002 by Gameforge. OGame is able to go in different languages. It also has up to 39 uni (for short) or universes. +Game play. +Each player starts with one randomly given planet, with the starting name of "Homeworld" (which can be changed). Building from that one planet, he/she later has the option to keep on developing that planet or to expand his/her colony to include up to as many planets they can afford to build, originally 9 planets. All construction, research, and missions are performed and launched from a planet or moon. While playing the player has a chance of building fleets and defenses for their planet. +Alliances. +An alliance is a group of people who have banded together and is mostly used for solidarity purposes. Alliances are created for players to protect each other from attacks, join together to raid other planets, or to promote free trade amongst members. Members of an alliance can use the ACS (Alliance Combat System), available in all universes. +Buildings. +Metal Mine is what is used to gather the resource metal. +Crystal Mine is what is used to gather the resource crystal. +Deuterium Synthesizer is what is used to gather the resource deuterium. +Solar Plant is a plant that produces energy from the sun to run mines or to do research. +Fusion Reactor is like a solar plant but instead of gathering energy from the sun it uses deterium to produce it's energy. +Robotic Factory is a building that decreases the building time of buildings. +Nanite Factory is an upgraded version of the robotics factory. +Resources. +There are four resources used in OGame: metal, crystal, deuterium,and dark matter. +Metal is mainly used for buildings, Ships, Defenses. To get this resources he/she has to upgrade or build a metal mine. +Crystal is the second resource. Crystal is mostly used in research. Crystal is one of the hardest resource to obtain. It is obtained by building or upgrading a crystal mine. +Deuterium is the third resource and can be obtained only from deuterium synthesizers. Deuterium is mainly used as fuel for a player's fleet to perform a mission, and for research. +Dark Matter is a resource that can be bought with real money. If a user doesn't want to pay this resource will become the most rarest resource in the game. Dark Matter can be found on expeditions with the players fleet after researching Expedition. +Energy is not actual energy you get from a mine but from solar planets and fusion reactors. Energy is needed to be able to run the mines to gather metal, crystal, deuterium, and to do research. +A list of how these resources are obtained: +Combat. +Unlike other games, OGame doesn't allow the player to control his ships. While playing the game a player can send units to a specific moon or planet. Once the ship(s) arrive at the planet the player can only recall the ships, he/she cannot fly them. +Research. +Researching various fields of science allows for better buildings, ships and defensive structures to be built. Research must be done for the production of Solar Satellites, which supplies power, to the fearsome Death Star, which is considered the strongest ship in the game. +The costs of research usually doubles each level, with the exception of Graviton Technology, which costs 300,000 energy and is not useful over level 1. +Research time is reduced with each upgrade of the Research Lab, or reduced dramatically with the Intergalactic Research Network researched. +Purchased effects. +All purchased effects are paid with dark matter. In order to get dark matter he/she has to buy it on OGame. +Commander. +The Commander gives the player improved functions. Features include a building order which gives the player the ability to order several buildings to be built without requiring the player to login and start a new build. The player also gets an “Empire View” that shows the player all details on every planet including ships, defenses, resources, and energy. Other bonus given by OGame Commander are message filters, shortcuts, an improved galaxy view and commands, and a gaming experience free of ads. +Officers. +On February 16, 2007, Officers were introduced to the game. It is worth noting that Gameforge had earlier promised it's users it would never introduce pay-to-play options that provided direct benefits, and the change the caused a large scale of conflict in the community. +The officer feature gives players a real advantage in the game, for a price, while those who cannot afford it go without. The 4 officers types are: +Merchants. +As of version 0.78 people can hire a merchant to trade one resource type for another. This is almost the same as trading except that there are no other players involved. The only limitation you have is the amount of free space in your storage silos and the amount of dark matter you have. You cannot trade when your silos are full, or when standing on a moon. It is wise to move away all the resources you want to keep, so that you can trade the maximum amount that your storage holds. +Rules. +OGame is monitored by Game Operators, Super Game Operators and Game Administrators each of whom have the rights to ban any player suspected of misconduct and violation of the rules. The rules can be different for each OGame universe. Players who have been banned are put into the pillory of their universe. The pillory shows the reason of banning and the administrator who made the decision. It also shows the unbanning of a player when they have clarified the fault. The planets and colonies of players that have received lifelong bans are subject to the one month account deletion due to inactivity. +Awards. +OGame won the bronze Superbrowsergame Award in 2006. + += = = Menopause = = = +Menopause is the time in a woman's reproductive life beginning one year after her last menstrual period. Once a woman has reached menopause she can no longer get pregnant. In the time leading up to menopause, she can have hot flashes and other physical symptoms. The time in the woman's life leading up to menopause is called perimenopause. Menopause happens between the ages of 45 and 55. Menopause can happen earlier if you have had treatment for cancer or operation to remove both ovaries. Menopause can happen after surgery to remove the uterus. +Menopause is the natural and permanent stopping of menstruation. Female hormone levels change, since they were produced by the ovaries which have stopped ovulating. The female can no longer have children after this happens. The menopausal transition most often begins between ages 45 and 55. The duration can depend on lifestyle factors such as smoking, age it begins, and race and ethnicity. During perimenopause, the body's production of estrogen and progesterone, two hormones made by the ovaries, varies greatly. +Before menopause. +Signs of menopause may start suddenly or gradually. Signs can happen once in a while or most of the time. Some women have only a few signs of menopause. Having changes in periods and bad moods can happen before menopause. +Periods may change in length or be longer or shorter. Periods may have a heavier or lighter flow. Before menopause a woman may have hot flashes or problems sleeping. A woman may be irritable or sex may be uncomfortable. Some women may have less interest in sex before menopause. Other changes might be less noticeable. This could be changes in bone thickness. +Hot flashes. +Hot flashes are a quick feeling of heat and sweat in the chest area. Hot flashes are the most common sign of menopause. Three out of four women going through menopause have hot flashes. Some women have hot flashes while still having a period. During a hot flash the skin of the face and neck becomes red. Large red spots can apper on the arms, chest and back. A woman can sweat heavily during the hot flash. A woman can have cold chills after the hot flash. In most cases, the hot flashes are frequent in the year before periods stop and can still happen after periods stop. Hot flashes can still happen up to 14 years after menopause. +Vaginal problems. +Vaginal dryness, may start before and after menopause. This happens because of lower levels of hormones. These lower hormone levels cause vaginal tissue to get thinner and drier. As the tissue changes it can cause burning, itching, discomfort and pain. Sex can be painful and cause small cuts. +Although it is possible to achieve the American dream for few. A lot of people follow the American dream to achieve a greater chance of becoming rich. This was easier in the 1900s and now it is really hard to achieve the American dream because of all the competition and hard work required to achieve this dream. This is also shown in "The Great Gatsby". + += = = Jason Upton = = = +Jason Upton (born December 15, 1973) is an independent Christian worship leader and musician. He has a large underground following. +He has released 12 albums since the year 2000: + += = = Richard Dean Anderson = = = +Richard Dean Anderson (born January 23, 1950, in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is an American television actor. He is best known for his role as the title character in the television series "MacGyver", and for his role as Jack O'Neill in the television series "Stargate SG-1". + += = = Michael Shanks = = = +Michael Garrett Shanks (born December 15, 1970, Vancouver, British Columbia) is a Canadian actor, writer and director. He became famous for his role as Dr. Daniel Jackson on the television series "Stargate SG-1". He also provided the voice of the character Thor for this show. He is a film and television actor. + += = = Mycobacterium leprae = = = +Mycobacterium leprae is a bacteria. It causes the disease, leprosy, also known as Hanson's Disease. The bacterium was discovered in 1873 by a Norwegian doctor named Gerhard Armauer Hansen. "M. leprae" is a gram-positive, aerobic rod surrounded by the characteristic waxy coating unique to Mycobacteria. In size and shape, it closes resembles M. tuberculosis. Due to its thick, waxy coating, stains with carbol-fuchsin are used, rather than with the traditional Gram staining method. + += = = Smells Like Teen Spirit = = = +"Smells Like Teen Spirit" is a song by the American grunge band, Nirvana, from their second album "Nevermind". It is their most famous song, and one of the most famous songs ever. Many people thought the song represented the ideas of the people in Generation X (people born in the United States between 1965 and 1980.) +Writing the song. +The song was written by all three members of Nirvana. It was written to sound like a song that the Pixies (a band that Kurt Cobain enjoyed) wrote. It was originally a much faster song than the final version was. The title "Smells Like Teen Spirit" came from when Cobain's friend Kathleen Hanna spray painted "Kurt Smells Like Teen Spirit" on his wall. "Teen Spirit" was the name of the deodorant that Cobain's girlfriend Tobi Vail wore. But Cobain thought it was a symbol for a "revolutionary" song or a "punk rock anthem." +People's opinions of the song. +Smells Like Teen Spirit was released in 1991. It was the first single from "Nevermind". Nirvana expected the song to not become very famous. They expected the next single, "Come as You Are", to be their big hit. However, radio stations in Seattle played Smells Like Teen Spirit, and it became a hit. Come as You Are was not as popular. +Many people who listened to the song were not able to understand what Kurt Cobain was singing. This was because he mumbled throughout the song, and the lyrics did not make sense to them. Because of this, "Weird Al" Yankovic made a parody of the song called "Smells Like Nirvana". + += = = Mycobacterium tuberculosis = = = +Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a bacterium that causes tuberculosis. "M. tuberculosis" was first described on 24 March 1882 by Robert Koch. The bacterium was first called the "tubercle bacillus", and is now also known as Koch's bacillus. This disease is spread by the air and from getting coughed or sneezed on by an infected patient. +Tuberculosis used to kill over half the people who were infected. The bacterium was almost wiped out by antibiotics, but is now a threat again because strains have appeared which are resistant to all the usual antibiotics. + += = = Billabong (clothing) = = = +Billabong is an Australian brand of surf clothing which is popular with young people, in particular the Australian surf community, however, more recently of the skating, and other sporting communities. +History. +Billabong started in the Gold Coast in 1973 when surfing culture in Australia was popular. Surfers Gordon and Rena Merchant wanted to create board shorts that were strong enough to withstand the weather conditions of surfing. The name Billabong comes from the Wiradjuri word 'bilaban', which means a creek that runs during the rainy season. +Billabong is known for their brand mottos "Life's better in boardshorts" and "A bikini kinda life". + += = = Sand (disambiguation) = = = +Sand may refer to: + += = = George Sand = = = +Amandine "Aurore" Lucile Dupin, later Baroness (French:"baronne") Dudevant (1 July 1804 – 8 June 1876), best known by her pseudonym George Sand (), was a French novelist and feminist. +Early life. +Sand's father, Maurice Dupin, was the grandson of the Marshall General of France, Maurice, Comte de Saxe. He was also a distant relative of Louis XVI. Her mother, Sophie-Victoire Delaborde was a common woman. Sand was born in Paris. She spent much of her childhood with her grandmother, Marie Aurore de Saxe, Madame Dupin de Franceuil. Her grandmother lived in her estate, Nohant, in the French region of Berry. She later used the setting in many of her novels. In 1822, at age 19, she married Baron Casimir Dudevant (1795–1871), illegitimate son of Jean-François. She and Dudevant had two children: Maurice (1823–1889) and Solange (1828–1899). In early 1831 she left her husband and entered upon a four- or five-year period of "romantic rebellion." In 1835 she was legally separated from Dudevant. +How other people who lived at the time saw her. +Sand started to wear men's clothes in public. This harmed her reputation. She said that men's clothes were tougher, and also less expensive to buy than women's. The clothes she wore were comfortable, and they also allowed her to go around Paris more freely than the other women, even those of her own social standing. +Sand also smoked in public. This led to a scandal. At her time, women were not supposed to smoke, not even those of her standing. Franz Liszt had a relationship with a woman called Marie D'Agoult, who did this as well. D'Argoult smoked large cigars. These behaviors were exceptional for a woman of the early and mid-19th century, when social codes–especially in the upper classes–were very important. +Poet Charles Baudelaire was a contemporary critic of George Sand: "She is stupid, heavy and garrulous. Her ideas on morals have the same depth of judgment and delicacy of feeling as those of janitresses and kept women... The fact that there are men who could become enamoured of this slut is indeed a proof of the abasement of the men of this generation." +Relationships. +Sand had affairs with several men. These men included Jules Sandeau (1831), Prosper Mérimée, Alfred de Musset (summer 1833 – March 1834), Louis-Chrystosome Michel, Charles Didier, Pierre-François Bocage, Félicien Mallefille and Frédéric Chopin (1837–47). +Later in life, she wrote letters to Gustave Flaubert. Despite their obvious differences in temperament and aesthetic preference, they eventually became good friends. +She was engaged in an intimate friendship with actress Marie Dorval, which led to widespread but unconfirmed rumors of a lesbian affair. +In Majorca one can still visit the (then abandoned) Carthusian monastery of Valldemossa, where she spent the winter of 1838–39 with Chopin and her children. This trip to Majorca was described by her in "Un Hiver à Majorque" (A Winter in Majorca), published in 1855. +Chopin left her two years before his death, because of a family disturbance where he supported her daughter Solange's marriage choice, which had caused Sand to disown the daughter. +Writing career. +A liaison with the writer Jules Sandeau heralded her literary debut. They published a few stories in collaboration, signing them "Jules Sand." She consequently adopted, for her first independent novel, "Indiana" (1832), the pen name that made her famous – George Sand. Her first published novel, "Rose et Blanche" (1831), was written in collaboration with Sandeau. +Drawing from her childhood experiences of the countryside, she wrote the rural novels "La Mare au Diable" (1846), "François le Champi" (1847–1848), "La Petite Fadette" (1849), and "Les Beaux Messieurs Bois-Doré" (1857). "A Winter in Majorca" described the period that she and Chopin spent on that island in 1838-9. Her other novels include "Indiana" (1832), "Lélia" (1833), "Mauprat" (1837), "Le Compagnon du Tour de France" (1840), "Consuelo" (1842–1843), and "Le Meunier d'Angibault" (1845). +Further theatre pieces and autobiographical pieces include "Histoire de ma vie" (1855), "Elle et Lui" (1859) (about her affair with Musset), "Journal Intime" (posthumously published in 1926), and "Correspondence". Sand often performed her theatrical works in her small private theatre at the Nohant estate. In addition, Sand authored literary criticism and political texts. Her most widely used quote being, "There is only one happiness in life, to love and be loved." +She was known well in far reaches of the world, and her social practices, her writings and her beliefs prompted much commentary, often by other luminaries in the world of arts and letters. A few excerpts demonstrate much of what was often said about George Sand: +Death. +George Sand died at Nohant, near Châteauroux, in France's Indre "département" on 8 June 1876, at the age of 71 and was buried in the grounds of her home there. In 2004, controversial plans were suggested to move her remains to the Panthéon in Paris. +In literature. +Frequent literary references to George Sand can be found in "" (1990) by A. S. Byatt. The American poet Walt Whitman cited Sand's novel "Consuelo" as a personal favorite and the sequel to this novel "La Comtesse De Rudolstady" contains at least a couple of passages that appear to have had a very direct influence on him. Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806-1861), the English poet, produced two poems "To George Sand: A Desire" and "To George Sand: A Recognition". The character, Stepan Verkhovensky, in Dostoevsky's novel "The Possessed" took to translating the works of George Sand in his periodical, before the periodical was subsequently seized by the ever-cautious Russian government of the 1840s. George Sand is referenced a number of times in the play "Voyage", the first part of Tom Stoppard's "The Coast of Utopia" trilogy. In the first episode of the "Overture" to "Swann's Way" - the first novel in Marcel Proust's "In Search of Lost Time" sequence - a young, distraught Marcel is calmed by his mother as she reads from "François le Champi", a novel which it is explained was part of a birthday package from his grandmother which also included "La Mare au Diable," "La Petite Fadette," and "Les Maîtres Sonneurs." As with many episodes involving art in "À la recherche du temps perdu", this reminiscence includes commentary on the work. + += = = Type 23 frigate = = = +The type 23 frigate or "Duke" class frigate is a warship operated by the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom and by the Chilean Navy of Chile. However it is not operated by the Royal Canadian Navy of Canada. + += = = Nuremberg Laws = = = +The Nuremberg Laws is the name for three (historically: two laws) that were set into practice in Germany in 1935, and that were valid until 1945. They are named after the city of Nuremberg where the legislative assembly met. +They were: +On the 14th of November 1935, the Nuremberg laws were expanded prohibiting Roma (Gypsies), Blacks or any of their offspring from engaging in marriage or sexual relations with 'Those of German or German related blood'. + += = = Thrice = = = +Thrice is an American experimental rock band formed in 1998. They are always changing their sound from different albums. The four members in Thrice are the same four people as when they started 10 years ago. +In 2004, the band released a DVD about the band. In the DVD, it talks about the members. They talk about experiences with touring and being in the band. They also talk about their ideas about the future direction of the music. +Dustin Kensrue, the lead singer for the band, released a solo album in 2007. +Most recently, Thrice have released a four disc album titled "The Alchemy Index" (volumes "Earth", "Fire", "Water" and "Air"). At the end of each disc, there is a song written in a similar poem style. The last line in that song is always sung in the same way. + += = = Sidewalk = = = +A sidewalk is a path for pedestrians that runs along the side of a road. It is called a sidewalk in American English, but can also be called a pavement (mainly British English and South African English), a footpath (Australian English, Irish English, Indian English and New Zealand English) or footway (Engineering term). +Pedestrians use sidewalks to keep them safe from vehicles on the road. Sidewalks can be paved with bricks, poured concrete or tarmac. +In suburban areas sidewalks are often separated from the roadway by a verge planted with grass and trees. +Street furniture (benches, letterboxes, transit shelters, litter bins, advertising columns, etc.) are often placed on or immediately adjacent to sidewalks. + += = = BMW = = = +Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW, )BMW Group, is a German automobile and motorcycle maker, founded on 7 March 1916. It is one of the most famous automobile makers in the world. The headquarters is located in Munich, Bavaria. BMW is part of the "German Big 3" luxury automobile manufacturers, along with Audi and Mercedes-Benz. 1917 +BMW makes these series of automobiles: +BMW's automobiles are tuned and modified by several German Tuning Companies such as AC Schnitzer, M, and Alpina. + += = = Mazda = = = +Mazda Motor Corporation is a car manufacturer based in Hiroshima, Japan. Mazda is the 15th largest car maker in the world, and 12th largest in U.S. sales. The company was started in 1920. Today it has about 44,000 employees. Sales are 2,057,614,000,000 yen. 1920 +History. +In 1920, Toyo Koruku Kogyo was established. In 1984, it changed its name to Mazda. The company is unique in using rotary engines in some of its cars. A rotary engine has more power for its weight than ordinary engines. In 1991, the Mazda 787B (which had a rotary engine) won the 24 Heures du LeMans. From 1979 to 2010, Mazda had a partnership with Ford Motor Company. At one point, Ford owned 1/3 of Mazda's stock. Since 2000, Mazda has grown, especially in Europe and North America, and it is now completely separate from Ford. In 2015, Mazda and Toyota agreed to work together. +Brand. +Mazda produces cars only in Japan and Mexico, but 80% of its sales are outside of Japan. Mazda is the only company that produces cars which have rotary engines (but most of its cars do not have rotary engines). The cars are popular in Australia and Europe, especially Germany and U.K. Nowadays, Mazda's slogan is ZOOM-ZOOM. It is famous for the movie Only Strong. ZOOM-ZOOM comes from English-speaking children calling cars ZOOM-ZOOM. +Name. +Mazda's company name is derived from Matsuda Jujirou who was the founder of this company, and the Zoroastrian god, Ahura Mazda. Ahura Mazda is a symbol of wisdom, reason, and harmony. + += = = Itapema = = = +Itapema is a city of the Santa Catarina state, in Brazil. + += = = Animal testing = = = +Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation and animal research is the use of animals for experiments. Escherichia coli, Fruit flies, and mice are often used for animal testing. About 50 to 100 million vertebrate animals and many more invertebrate animals are used around the world every year. The source of the animals are different according to the country and species. Most animals used for experiments are bred for this purpose. But others may be caught from the wild or bought from people who buy them from animal shelters. +Animals are used for experiments inside universities, medical schools, farms, large companies and other places that provide animal-testing services. People who support animal testing argue that almost every medical discovery in the 20th century used animals in some way. They say that even complex computers cannot model connections between molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organisms, and the environment. Many important discoveries were made because of animal testing. But some scientists and animal rights organizations such as PETA do not support animal testing. They say that it is cruel, poorly done, and costly. Others argue that animals have the right not to be used for experiments, and that model organisms are different from humans. The limits to animal testing is different in various countries. +Definitions. +The words animal testing, animal experimentation, animal research, "in vitro" testing, and vivisection have similar meanings,differently. "tatiosion" means to "cut up" a living animal. It was used only in experiments that dissected live animals. The word "vivisection" is sometimes used negatively about any experiment with live animals. For example, the "Encyclopædia Britannica" described "vivisection" as: "Operation on a living animal for experimental rather than healing purposes; more broadly, all experimentation on live animals". However, dictionaries note that the wider definition is "used only by people who are opposed (dislike) to such work". The word makes people think of torture, pain, and death. People who dislike animal testing often use the word "vivisection", while scientists usually use the expression "animal experimentation" instead. +History. +The earliest mention of animal testing is in the writings of the Greeks in the second and fourth centuries BCE. Aristotle (�����������) (384 – 322 BCE) and Erasistratus (304 – 258 BCE) where some of the first people to try out experiments on living animals. Galen, a doctor in second-century Rome who was known as the "father of vivisection", dissected pigs and goats. Avenzoar, an Arabic doctor in twelfth-century Spain, tested out surgical processes on animals before applying them to humans. +Animals have often been used in the history of scientific study. In the 1880s, Louis Pasteur showed the germ theory of medicine by putting anthrax in sheep. In the 1890s, Ivan Pavlov famously used dogs to describe classical conditioning. On November 3, 1957, a Russian dog, Laika, became the first animal to orbit the earth. In the 1970s, antibiotic treatments and vaccines for leprosy were made using armadillos, then given to humans. In 1974, Rudolf Jaenisch produced the first genetically changed mammal. He put DNA from a virus into the genome of mice. Genetic study grew quickly after that. In 1996, Dolly the sheep was born—the first cloned mammal. +In the 20th century, toxicology testing became important. In the 19th century, laws about drugs were less strict. Drugs did not have to be checked for safety. But in 1937, a drug called Elixir Sulfanilamide killed more than 100 people. They caused great and long lasting pain, vomiting, and fits. After that, the U.S. congress made laws that said that drugs had to be tested on animals before they could be sold. Other countries passed similar laws. +Even back in the 17th century, people disagreed about animal testing. In 1655, Edmund O'Meara said that "the miserable torture of vivisection places the body in an unnatural state." O'Meara and others said that animals could be affected by pain during vivisection, making results unreliable. Others also disliked animal testing because they felt that animals should not be hurt for humans. Others opposed animal testing for different reasons: many believed that animals were not as good as humans and that they were so different that results of animal testing would not work on humans. +Supporters had different views. They argued that experiments on animals were necessary for knowledge. Claude Bernard, the "prince of vivisectors" and the father of physiology famously wrote in 1865 that "the science of life is a superb and dazzlingly (brightly) lighted hall which may be reached only by passing through a long and ghastly kitchen". He declared that "experiments on entirely conclusive for the toxicology and hygiene of effects of these substances are the same on man as on animals, save for differences in degree". Because of Bernard, animal testing became a regular scientific method. Surprisingly, though, his wife, Marie Françoise Martin, began the first anti-vivisection society in France in 1883. +In 1896, Dr. Walter B. Cannon said, “The antivivisectionists are the second of the two types Theodore Roosevelt described when he said, ‘Common sense without conscience may lead to crime, but conscience without common sense may lead to folly, which is the handmaiden (servant) of crime.’ ” The public first began giving its attention to the supporters and opposers of animal testing during the brown dog affair in the early 1990s. In the brown dog affair, hundreds of medical students and anti-vivisectionists and police argued over a memorial to a vivisected dog. + += = = Campylobacter = = = +Campylobacter is a genus of bacteria. It is found in the intestines of many types of animal. "Campylobacter" is the most common bacterial cause of diarrhea and food poisoning. It is spiral shaped, and moves by using its flagella. +Campylobacteriosis is a gastrointestinal tract infection caused by "Campylobacter". It causes inflammation, sometimes bloody diarrhea, cramps, fever, and pain. +Campylobacteriosis is more common during the summer months. It also appears to be more common in males than females. It is caused by eating contaminated food or drinking contaminated water. Eating raw meat or undercooked poultry, and raw dairy products are common causes. +In January 2013, the UK's Food Standards Agency warned that two-thirds of all raw chicken bought from UK shops was contaminated with" Campylobacter". It affects about half a million people annually and kills about 100. + += = = Emperor Taishō = = = + was the 123rd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession. His reign started in 30 July 1912 and ended with his death in 1926. He was Emperor of Japan from 1912-1926 he was also involved in World War 1 to fight against the German Empire (Empire of Germany) and was allies with the British Empire,French Third Republic,and Portuguese Empire,Australia to fight against Kaiser Wilhelm II from 1914-1918 . Emperor Taisho was also involved in the Russian Civil War in the Siberian Intervention from 1918-1922 as well the 1918-1920 Revolt Of The Czechoslovak Legion but had to withdrawal the Imperial Japanese Army from the Russian Civil War in 1922. +Emperor Taishō (meaning "Great Justice") was the name given to Yoshihito at the time of his coronation. Emperors of Japan receive a new name at the time of their coronation, and people start using the new name, both to refer to the emperor himself and the name of the era during which he reigned. +Events of Taishō's life. +Taishō's early life was marked by many changes in the role of emperor; and his reign was a period of consolidation. +Timeline. +A timeline of major events includes: + += = = Emperor Meiji = = = + was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession. His reign lasted from 1867 until his death in 1912. He was Emperor of the Empire of Japan from 1867 to 1912 and he was the leader of Japan in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895), the Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901) and the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), being rivals with the Qing dynasty, the Russian Empire and European Powers. He was involved in the Boxer Rebellion to stop Qing Empress Dowager Cixi. Emperor Meiji allied with Russia (led by Nicholas II), Germany (led by Kaiser Wilhelm II), Austria-Hungary (led by Franz Joseph I of Austria), France (led by Félix Faure and Émile Loubet), Britain (led by Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury) and the United States of America (led by William McKinley) to help General Yuan Shikai in the Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901). He was also involved in the Philippine-American War (1899–1902) along with Emperor Wilhelm II before the Russo-Japanese War in 1904. He was Emperor of Japan (1867–1912), Taiwan (1895–1912) and Korea (1910–1912). +Events of Meiji's life. +Meiji's reign was marked by many changes including the move of the Imperial court from Kyoto to Tokyo. +Timeline 1852-1912. +A timeline of major events includes: +After death. +He died in Tokyo. A detailed account of the state funeral in the "New York Times" concluded with an observation: "The contrast between that which preceded the funeral car and that which followed it was striking indeed. Before it went old Japan; after it came new Japan." +The spirits of Emperor Meiji and his wife are honored at the in Tokyo. + += = = Trivium (band) = = = +Trivium is a heavy metal band from Orlando, Florida. They started in 1999 and became very successful. The members are: Matt Heafy (vocals, guitars), Corey Beaulieu (guitars), Paolo Gregoletto (bass) and Alex Bent (drums). + += = = Emily Browning = = = +Emily Jane Browning (born 7 December 1988) is an Australian movie actress and singer. Browning made her movie debut in the Australian television movie "The Echo of Thunder". Later, she played recurring roles in Australian television shows "Blue Heelers" and "Something in the Air." Her breakthrough role was in the 2002 horror movie "Ghost Ship," which introduced her to a wider audience. In 2005, Browning won the Australian Film Institute Award for Best Actress for her portrayal of Violet Baudelaire in the comedy movie "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events" (2004). +Browning is also known for her roles in the horror movie "The Uninvited" (2009), the action movie "Sucker Punch" (2011), and the independent movie "Sleeping Beauty" (2011). Her role in "Sleeping Beauty" was highly praised and in 2011 was named the Breakthrough performer of the year by Hamptons International Film Festival. + += = = Trivium (liberal arts) = = = +The word trivium, from Latin, is made of two parts. The first part "tres" meant "three" and the second part "vía" meant "way". +In antiquity and the High Middle Ages, there were different ways of teaching young men at the university. The trivium was three simplest ways to study the world, and so young men learned them first. After the trivium, they studied the quadrivium. Together, these subjects were called the seven liberal arts. The most difficult, and final subject studied was theology. +The three subjects were related to talking about the world. These subjects were grammar, logic and rhetoric. They were ways of preparing for the quadrivium, which includes arithmetic, geometry, music and astronomy. +Grammar. +One way of studying the world is to look at the form of the words. Grammar is the mechanics of the language. +When a man studied grammar, he studied how words were put together, and how words were combined to make sentences, paragraphs, chapters, and stories. +The word "grammar" has a more limited meaning now than it did before now. Many subjects, such as syntax and phonetics were part of grammar. +Logic. +One way of studying the world is to look at the meaning of words. Logic is the mechanics of thought and analysis. Logic is the study of how meanings are related to each other, and how to make good decisions. A fallacy is when someone does not draw a conclusion according to the rules of logic. An old name for logic was dialectics. +Rhetoric. +One way of studying the world is to look at communicating with words. Rhetoric is the mechanics of discourse. Discourse is the process of two or more people communicating about an idea. Young men studied rhetoric in order to learn how to instruct and to persuade. + += = = Ancient Greek boxing = = = +Ancient Greek boxing is a very old sport. It has been practiced at least since the eighth century BC. Homer wrote about it in his poem "Iliad". At that time, Greece was made of many city-states that were independent. Each city state seems to have had its own version of the sport. +Today, most of the sources that talk about Greek boxing are either legends, or they are fragmentary. When a source is fragmentary, this means that part of the text has been lost, or is missing. This makes it difficult to find the rules, or where and how the activity was done. Several details are missing, but it seems boxing with gloves was an important part of the Greek athletic culture of the time. +Where it came from. +The activity was called "pyx" or "pygme" in Ancient Greek. Archeologists have found evidence that this activity was probably done by the Minoan and Mycenaean cultures. Many legends tell about the origins of boxing in Greece. One legend says that the heroic ruler Theseus invented a type of boxing where two men sat face to face and beat each other with their fists until one of them was killed. Later, the boxers began to fight while standing. They also started to wear gloves (with spikes) and wrappings on their arms below the elbows. In Ancient Greece, most sports were done naked, boxing too. +According to "Iliad", Mycenaean warriors included boxing in their competitions. They did this to honor those who had died. It is possible that Homer told about what the Greeks did, at a later time. Boxing was one of the contests held in memory of Achilles' friend Patroclus, who was killed toward the end of the Trojan War. To commemorate Patroclus the Greeks later introduced boxing ("pygme / pygmachia") to the Olympic Games in 688 BC. People taking part trained on punching bags (called a "korykos"). Fighters wore leather straps (called "himantes") over their hands, wrists, and sometimes chest, to protect themselves from injury. The straps also left the fingers free. +Philostratus was a scholar and an historian. According to him, boxing was originally developed in Sparta, in order to harden warriors’ faces for battle. The early Spartans believed helmets were unnecessary and boxing prepared them for when they were hit on the head in battle. However, Spartans never took part in the competitive version of boxing. They thought it was dishonorable to be defeated that way. +Equipment. +Until around 500 BC "himantes" were used as protection for the knuckles and hand. They were thongs of ox hide between 3 and 3.7 meters long. The "himantes" were wrapped around the hands and knuckles many times. +Around 400 BC "sphairai" were introduced. The "sphairai" were very similar to "himantes". The biggest difference was that the inside was padded when they were wrapped around the hands. The outside of the thong was more rigid too. +Soon after the "saphirai" had been introduced, they were replaced by "oxys" used for boxing. "Oxys" were made of several thick leather bands that were wrapped around the hand, wrist, and forearm. A band of fleece was placed on the forearm to wipe away sweat. Leather braces extended up the forearm to give greater support when punching. The knuckles were reinforced with leather as well. +"Korykos" were the equivalent to modern punching bags. They were used for practice in the Palaestra and were filled with sand, flour, or millet. +Rules. +The rules currently used for the sport are based on the old rules. As pointed out above, there are only incomplete sources for the rules. The rules needed to be deduced from old texts and images: + += = = London School of Economics = = = +The London School of Economics and Political Science (more commonly London School of Economics or LSE) is a college of the University of London in Westminster. The college opened in 1895. It joined the University of London in 1900. Today it is one of the leading universities for Law, Economics and Political Sciences. QS ranked it as the second best university in the world for social science in 2013. +Some of the most notable people who attended the college are: +It is a member of the Russell Group. In 2011 17,654 people applied for 1,271 undergraduate places. This means there were 13.8 applicants for every place. Over half of LSE's students are postgraduates. 16 Nobel Prize winners have been LSE students or staff. It has the highest percentage of students from another country in the world and 46% of staff are from other countries. + += = = Friedrich Hayek = = = +Friedrich August von Hayek, CH (8 May 1899 – 23 March 1992) was an Austrian-British economist and political philosopher. He became known because he strongly defended liberalism and free-market capitalism. He was against too much central control of the economy and society. He thought that forms of government like socialism were not good for the economy, and damaged freedom of the individual. Hayek's signature work, "The Road to Serfdom", refers to the consequences of socialism. +He was one of the most important economists and political philosophers of the 20th century. He was one of the most important members of the Austrian School of economics. He also had many ideas in the fields of jurisprudence and cognitive science. He shared the 1974 Nobel Prize in Economics with his rival Gunnar Myrdal. The award was for their work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations; also for their analysis of the inter-dependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena. He also received the U.S. Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1991. He is thought to be one of the major causes of change from the Keynesian policies of the first part of the 20th century. Instead of governments handling the details of the economy, they went back towards classical liberalism in the 1980s and later. This happened most clearly in the 1980s in the U.S.A. (under Ronald Reagan) and the U.K. (under Margaret Thatcher). + += = = Ancient Olympic Games = = = +The Ancient Olympic Games were a series of athletic competitions held between the city-states of Ancient Greece. They used to be called the Olympic Games (; "Olympiakoi Agones") until the modern day Olympic Games started. The Ancient Olympic Games began in 776 BC in Olympia, Greece. +Prizes at the games were olive wreaths, palm branches and woollen ribbons. The ancient Olympics were played in the honour of the God Zeus. +Women were not allowed to participate or even to see the competitions. +There is no agreement on when the Games officially ended, but many historians think it is 393 AD, when the Christian Roman emperor Theodosius I declared that all Pagan religious practices should end. Another date might be 426 AD, when the next emperor Theodosius II ordered the destruction of all Greek temples. The stadium in Olympia got buried by landslides and other natural disasters. After the Olympics stopped, they were not held again until the modern Olympic Games were started in 1896 in Athens. +Famous athletes. +Here are athletes that competed at the Games: + += = = Manhattan (movie) = = = +Manhattan is a 1979 American romantic comedy-drama movie by director Woody Allen. The movie is set in New York City. The movie is about Issac Davis (played by Allen), a divorced 42-year old dating a 17-year-old girl. His ex-wife is openly lesbian. +The movie was nominated for two Academy Awards: Best Supporting Actress (Mariel Hemingway) and Best Writing, Screenplay Written Directly for the Screen. It also won the BAFTA Award for Best Film and was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Screenplay. The movie was #46 on American Film Institute's "100 Years...100 Laughs". In 2001, the United States Library of Congress said the movie was "culturally significant" and selected it to keep in the National Film Registry. +The movie had mostly positive reviews. + += = = Match Point = = = +Match Point is a 2005 British crime drama thriller movie by director Woody Allen. It is set in London and stars Scarlett Johansson and Jonathan Rhys Meyers. + += = = Punching bag = = = +A punching bag is a tough bag which is supposed to be punched a lot. It is used in exercise or stress relief to improve one of three areas: physical strength, aerobic fitness or punching technique. +History. +Punching bags have been used in martial arts for as long as there has been a written history of military training. Similar apparatus in Asian martial arts include the Okinawan "makiwara" and the Chinese "mook jong", which may have padded striking surfaces attached to them. + += = = Nocera Inferiore = = = +Nocera Inferiore, is a town and comune in Campania, Italy, in the province of Salerno, at the foot of Monte Albino, 20 km east-south-east of Naples by rail, . above sea-level. +Nuceria Alfaterna appears to have been the chief town in the valley of the Sarnus, Herculaneum, Pompeii, Stabiae and Surrentum all being dependent upon it. +Hannibal destroyed the town in 216. +In 1385 Pope Urban VI was besieged in the castle of Charles of Durazzo. +At Nocera had sped a big part of they life the painter Francesco Solimena, and the writers Jacopo Sannazzaro and Domenico Rea. +Is the birthplace of the footballers Simone Barone and Raffaele De Martino. +Originally from Nocera are the parents of Italian American Warren Cuccurullo and Mario Cuomo. + += = = Nevado del Ruiz = = = +Nevado del Ruiz is a volcano in Colombia. It is also called Mount Ruiz. It is about + west of Bogotá, close to the town of Armero. It is the tallest active volcano in Colombia. +The eruption of 1985 caused a lahar. About 23,000 people died when the mud from the lahar covered Armero. This makes it the most deadly lahar that is known. People who live near the volcano call it "the Sleeping Lion", because it was dormant or sleeping for nearly 150 years before the Armero lahar. +Features. +Nevado del Ruiz is a broad, icy stratovolcano that covers more than . Three major parts, made of andesitic and dacitic lavas and andesitic pyroclastics, have built up since the beginning of the Pleistocene. The cone consists of a wide cluster of lava domes produced within the summit caldera. The 1-kilometer wide, Arenas crater is the summit. The prominent La Olleta pyroclastic cone is on the volcano's southwest flank and may also have been active in historical times. The mountain's flanks are lined by steep and massive landslides. Melting of its summit icecap during historical eruptions resulted in devastating lahars, including the famous eruption in 1985 that was the world's deadliest. There was an eruption in 2016. +Eruptions before 1985. +In 1595, a lahar flowed down along the valleys of the River Guali and the River Lagunillas, killing 636 people. In 1845, another massive lahar flooded the upper valley of the River Lagunillas, killing over 1,000 people. It continued for downstream before spreading across a plain in the lower valley floor. It is believed both of these formed from melting of the snow and ice that cover the summit. +1985 eruption. +Nevado del Ruiz was very active in the three months before it erupted. Italian volcanologists analyzed gas samples from the fumaroles along the Arenas crater floor. They were a mixture of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, indicating a direct magmatic release. A very high lahar risk was stressed in the mission's report delivered on October 22, 1985 and various simple preparedness techniques were proposed to local authorities. +During the following "quiet" period in October, the hydrothermal component of the vapor discharge steadily increased. The gases were super-saturated with elemental sulfur; their thermodynamic equilibration temperatures ranged from 200 to 600° Celsius. Gases and water from fumaroles and thermal springs on the flanks of the volcano are likely to be produced from a two-phase vapor-brine envelope within the volcano. Production of such gas over extended periods may account for the large amount of sulfur dioxide being released from the volcano in relation to the small amount of ejected solids. +The destruction wrought by the 1985 eruption was partially due to the fact that many scientists did not say whether or not to evacuate the area. A group of scientists informed them that they faced imminent and almost certain death. The people in Armero thought that because the volcano had not erupted in 100 years, it had no reason to erupt. Scientists later looked back to the hours before the eruption and noticed that several long period earthquakes had occurred. Long-period earthquakes are those which start out strong and then die down very slowly. Volcanologist Bernard Chouet said that these earthquakes occur in the final hours before an eruption. According to Chouet, "the volcano was screaming 'I'm about to explode'," but scientists at the time doubted his theory. +On November 13, 1985, at 9:08 pm, Nevado del Ruiz erupted; ejecting dacitic tephra more than 30 kilometers into the atmosphere. The amount of magma erupted from the volcano was 3% of that from Mount St. Helens in 1980. The eruption reached Volcanic Explosivity Index 3. The material ejected was described by scientists as "unusually rich in sulfur dioxide". +Pyroclastic flows melted ice and snow at the summit, forming 4 thick lahars that rushed down the river valleys. As most lahars do, the mudflows began as flows of water, sand, and gravel, and mixed with clay along the way. The lahars were up to wide and six feet deep (2 m) and travelled more than . The lahars destroyed many houses and towns. The town of Armero was completely covered, killing approximately 21,000 people (three-fourths of the population), as well as affecting 13 other villages. The eruption caused an estimated 23,000 deaths, 5,000 injuries, and destroyed more than 5,000 homes. This was the second deadliest volcanic disaster in the 20th century, after the 1902 eruption of Mount Pelee, and the fourth deadliest eruption in recorded history. It is the deadliest lahar in recorded history, and Colombia's worst natural disaster. +The disaster got some coverage because of a photograph taken by photographer Frank Fournier, of a young girl named Omayra Sánchez who was trapped beneath rubble for three days before she died. In response to the eruption, the USGS Volcano Crisis Assistance Team was formed in 1986, and the Volcano Disaster Assistance Program. +Aftermath. +The volcano erupted again in 1988 and 1991.In April 2008, it erupted again, and thousands were evacuated. Volcanologists were worried that this could be another "Nevado del Ruiz". +Survivors who went to other towns in the area were gradually housed in new government schemes. Armero was not rebuilt because the old lahar traces were discovered, and the Colombian government declared the site "holy ground" so that no one would ever suffer again like Armero. +Now a new system can detect lahars, giving people more warning to evacuate before they happen. The system uses Acoustic Flow Monitors which analyze ground shaking that could result in a lahar. These monitors are placed in the volcano and warn officials if there is a lot of shaking. They were tested on Mount Rainier in the United States. +Geology. +The glaciers of Nevado del Ruiz were formed slowly over hundreds of years. Because of global warming, the glaciers are starting to melt. Since Ruiz became well-known after its eruption in 1985, scientists and government officials in Colombia are worried the glaciers might melt completely. +The stratovolcano is in the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area of the earth's crust where the land is unstable. It encircles the Pacific Ocean, and houses some of the world's most active volcanoes. The volcano is the northernmost of several Colombian stratovolcanoes in the Andean Volcanic Belt of western South America. The Andean volcanic belt was produced by the eastward subduction of the oceanic Nazca plate beneath the South American continental plate. Normally, these type of stratovolcanoes generate explosive Plinian eruptions with associated pyroclastic flows that can melt snow and glaciers near the summit, producing devastating lahars. +The volcano is part of the Ruiz-Tolima volcanic massif (or Cordillera Central), a group of five different icy stratovolcanoes. + += = = Tao = = = +Tao (Pinyin Dào ) is a metaphysical concept found in Taoism, Confucianism, and more often in ancient Chinese philosophy. The Chinese character translates as "way," "path," or "route,". In Taoism, the Tao was the origin of the whole universe. Taoists believe that the "myriad things", or everything in the universe from animals to materials to ideas, originally came from the Tao, and when something disappears, it's energy (or "qi") goes back to the Tao to be absorbed and re-birthed in a different form. +The Tao is a cosmic force that can't be named or described, which is the natural harmony between all living things, and the way they all move together. Taoists thought that if someone "forgot themselves", and let go of intentions, they would be able to "move effortlessly" (wu wei, or "non-action"), and be in harmony with the Tao, like the animals, plants, and everything else. This harmony is the ultimate goal of Taoism. + += = = Vitaceae = = = +Vitaceae are a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants including the grape and Virginia creeper. The family name comes from the genus "Vitis". The name sometimes appears as Vitidaceae, but Vitaceae is a conserved name and therefore has priority over both Vitidaceae and another name sometimes found in the older literature, Ampelidaceae. +The relationships of Vitaceae are unclear and the family does not appear to have any close relatives. In the Cronquist system, the family was placed near the family Rhamnaceae in order Rhamnales. The family was placed in the Rosid clade, but not classified in an order, by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). The Angiosperm Phylogeny Web places Vitaceae in its own order, Vitales. Recent phylogenetic analyses support Vitaceae as the sister-group to all other rosids (Jansen et al. 2006). +Most Vitis species have 38 chromosomes (n=19), but 40 (n=20) in subgenus Muscadinia, while Ampelocissus, Parthenocissus, and Ampelopsis also have 40 chromosomes (n=20) and Cissus has 24 chromosomes (n=12). +The family is economically important as grapes (Vitis species) are an important fruit crop and, when fermented, produce wine. +Species of the genus Tetrastigma serve as hosts to parasitic plants in the family Rafflesiaceae. +Leea, sometimes classified in its own family, Leeaceae, is included in Vitaceae by the APG and the Angiosperm Phylogeny Web. + += = = Vitis = = = +Vitis is a genus of about 60 species of vining plants in the flowering plant family Vitaceae. The genus is made up of species most often found in the Northern hemisphere. It is economically important as the source of grapes, both for direct consumption of the fruit and for fermentation to produce wine. The cultivation of grapevines is called viticulture. A farm or garden where grapes are grown is a vineyard. + += = = Smiley Smile = = = +Smiley Smile is the twelfth studio album by The Beach Boys. It was released in 1967. + += = = Sulfur dioxide = = = +Sulfur dioxide (also sulphur dioxide) is the chemical compound with the formula SO2. It is a gas. It smells like burnt matches or rotten eggs. It can also cause suffocation. Sulfur dioxide is produced by volcanoes and in various industrial processes. It is also used to protect wine from oxygen and bacteria. It can be produced by burning sulfur. It dissolves in water to produce sulfurous acid. It can be oxidized to trioxide, which is dissolved in sulfuric acid to make more sulfuric acid. It is used to make sulfites. + += = = Foreign policy = = = +A country's foreign policy (also called the international relations policy) is a set of goals about how the country will work with other countries economically, politically, socially and militarily. It includes such matters as international trade, foreign aid, military alliances, and war. +Foreign policy also involves dealing with groups that are not countries but that are still important. These are called "non-state actors", and might include religious groups, large companies, or even terrorist groups. The study of foreign relations is known as foreign policy analysis (FPA) and the work is called diplomacy. Most counties have a foreign minister who directs these things, with help from other officials. +Foreign policy is basically the way a government deals with other nations. The policy and behavior of other states, as well as domestic consideration and interests is what influences the development of foreign policy. According to Lumen Learning, foreign policy consists of self-interest strategies chosen by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve its own goals through relations with other countries. This means that foreign policies are arrangements made by the government to benefit them. + += = = Philip II = = = +Philip II may mean: + += = = Dolná Krupá = = = +Dolná Krupá is a village in the Trnava region of Slovakia. It is in the Danubian Hills at around 12 km from the city of Trnava. +The important sights in the village are: + += = = Little Carpathians = = = +The Little Carpathians or Lesser Carpathians are a mountain range that are about 100 kilometers long. They are found in the western part of Slovakia, between Bratislava and Nové Mesto nad Váhom, and in Northeastern Austria. + += = = Danubian Hills = = = +The Danubian Hills is an area in Slovakia. It is between the Danube plain to the south and the Little Carpathian Mountains to the north. The most important towns of the area are Trnava, Topoľčany, Nitra, Levice, Dudince and Štúrovo. + += = = Human nature = = = +Human nature refers to the characteristics of mankind. This means ways of thinking, feeling and acting which humans have naturally. +What these characteristics are, what causes them and how fixed human nature is, are good questions. They among the oldest and most important questions in western philosophy. These questions affect ethics, politics and theology. Human nature is a source of advice on how to live well, but it also puts limits and obstacles on living a good life. +The complex implications of such questions are also dealt with in art and literature, while the humanities inquire into human nature, and what it means to be human. +Theories of human nature. +Many great thinkers have had definite ideas on human nature, but some ideas have lasted better than others. An example of this is the best-selling college textbook which first appeared in 1974 as "Seven theories of human nature". The seven theories were those of: +Thirty years later the selection was of ten theories: +Aristotle. +Aristotle, Plato's most famous student, made some of the most famous and influential statements about human nature. +In his works some clear statements about human nature are made: +For Aristotle, reason is what is most special about humanity compared to other animals, and is what we achieve at our best. +Much of Aristotle's description of human nature is still influential today, but the particular teleological idea that humans are "meant" or intended to be something, has become much less popular in modern times. +Biological theories. +Humans are mammals, and have developed by a process of evolution. It follows that what is called human nature is inherited, and had been the product of natural selection. We are not blank slates; our mental life and behaviour has ancient roots. This is the question of nature vs nurture, and the subject-matter of evolutionary psychology. Ethology and sociobiology has also looked at these issues from the perspective of human evolution and heredity. + += = = Krupský potok = = = +Krupský potok is a tributary of the Blava River in Slovakia. This means it flows into the Blava River. + += = = Belly dance = = = +A belly dance is a Middle Eastern type of dancing. In the Arabic language, it is called raqs sharqi (which means "oriental dance"). Many boys and girls in countries where belly dancing is popular will learn how to do it when they are young. The dance involves movement of many different parts of the body; usually in a circular way. +The term "Belly dance" is translated from the French language "danse du ventre". However, this dance is done by every part of the body. The most featured body part usually is the hips. Belly dancing is very different depending on country and region, both in costume and dance style. +History. +Belly dancing came from the dances performed in the Middle East and North Africa. One theory is that belly dance may have come from Arabia, a dance when the pagan Arabs were worshipping a goddess before the rise of Islam. A third theory is that belly dance was always danced just for entertainment. +Another theory is that belly dance was originally danced by women for women in the Levant, and North Africa. +The courtly pleasures of the Muslim Umayyad and Abbasid caliphs included belly dancing, soirée, and singing. Belly dancers and singers were sent from all parts of the vast Arab Empire to entertain. +Belly dance was taken from Egypt by the Roma people to Turkey. + += = = Atreyu = = = +Atreyu are an American heavy metal band. They are signed to Roadrunner Records. They took their name from a character called "Atreyu" in a book called "The Neverending Story".Sound Tracks +Compilations +Magazine cover compilations +'Atreyu' is an American metal core band with melodic death metal and hardcore influences from Orange County, California. Contrary to popular belief, the band did not intentionally name itself after Atreyu, a character from Michael Ende's novel, The Never-ending Story. Rather, the name was suggested to them by a friend of the band. +Members. +Current +Atreyu was formed as a band sometime during 1998 and 1999. Shortly thereafter, they released their first EP, entitled Visions. The record garnered the band some success in the Southern California metal core scene and they constantly performed to support the seven-track release. +Atreyu released its second record, a five-track EP, entitled Fractures in the Facade of Your Porcelain Beauty, in 2001. The record featured early versions of the songs "Living Each Day Like You're Already Dead", "Someone's Standing on My Chest", and "Tulips Are Better", which were re-worked for the band's third release. The record also caught the attention of record executives at Victory Records, who quickly signed the band and added it to its roster. +Atreyu recorded and released its first full-length album in 2002. Suicide Notes and Butterfly Kisses would become an instant fan favorite and was noticed by a wide variety of music fans. The record broke down the walls separating the genres of heavy metal and hardcore, allowing the band to push itself into the forefront of the metal core scene. Critics from publications such as the L.A. Times, Guitar World, and Metal Maniacs commented that the "Southern California five-piece brings new definition to overnight success." Since then, the album has sold over 100,000 copies and has produced two popular singles, "Ain’t Love Grand" and "Lip Gloss and Black." Their newest album, "Congregation of the Damned", was released October 2009 and delighted many of their original fans. Their songs changed by their music slowly getting heavier and darker. + += = = Michael Laudrup = = = +Michael Laudrup (born 15 June 1964) is a former Danish football player. He has played for Denmark national team. +Club career statistics. +52||26||||||||||52||26 +162||25||||||||||162||25 +228||52||||||||||228||52 +15||5||3||2||6||1||24||8 +21||11||||||||||21||11 +478||119||3||2||6||1||487||122 +International career statistics. +!Total||104||37 + += = = Clive Charles = = = +Clive Michael Charles (3 October 1951 – 26 August 2003) was an English football player, coach and television announcer. He was one of five National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) coaches to win more than 400 games. + += = = Paul Gascoigne = = = +Paul John Gascoigne (born 27 May 1967) is an English retired football player. He has played for England national team. +Life. +Paul Gascoigne was born in Gateshead, County Durham, on 27 May 1967. His father, John (1946–2018), was a hod carrier, and his mother, Carol, worked in a factory. He was named Paul John Gascoigne in tribute to Paul McCartney and John Lennon. +Despite having a hard and troubled childhood, Gascoigne developed a love for football. Gascoigne saw professional football as a way of earning money to provide for his family He enjoyed football, and later wrote that "I didn't have twitches or worry about death when I was playing football". He was signed on as an apprentice at Newcastle on his 16th birthday. +Gascoigne married Sheryl Failes in 1996. Gascoigne had a son, Regan, with Sheryl and also adopted Sheryl's two children from her first marriage, Mason and Bianca. +Honours. +Newcastle United Youth +Tottenham Hotspur +Rangers +Middlesbrough +England U21 +Individual + += = = Marcel Desailly = = = +Marcel Desailly (born Odenke Abbey; 7 September 1968) is a French former professional footballer. +Honours. +Marseille +AC Milan +Chelsea +Al-Gharafa +France +Individual +Orders + += = = Vinnie Jones = = = +Vinnie Jones (born 5 January 1965) is a former English football player. He played for Wales national team. Jones is now an actor. He played Juggernaut in Marvel's "". Jones was a housemate in the 2010 UK series of "Celebrity Big Brother". +Honours. +Wealdstone +IFK Holmsund +Wimbledon +Leeds United + += = = Peter Schmeichel = = = +Peter Schmeichel (born 18 November 1963) is a former Danish football player. He has played for Denmark national team. +Schmeichel was a contestant in the 2006 series of "Strictly Come Dancing". +Club career statistics. +197||8||||||||||20||0||217||8 +350||1||43||0||20||0||47||1||460||2 +50||0||||||||||||||50||0 +597||9||43||0||20||0||67||1||727||10 +International career statistics. +!Total||129||1 + += = = Peter Shilton = = = +Peter Leslie Shilton (born 18 September 1949) is an English former footballer. He has played for England national team. He has 125 caps for the England national team. This is more than any other player. +Shilton was a contestant in the 2010 series of "Strictly Come Dancing". +Honours. +Leicester City +Nottingham Forest +Individual + += = = Chris Coleman = = = +Chris Coleman (born 10 June 1970) is a former Welsh football player. He has played for Wales national team. +Club career statistics. +478||23 +478||23 +International career statistics. +!Total||32||4 + += = = Marcus Hahnemann = = = +Marcus Hahnemann (born June 15, 1972) is an American former soccer player. +International career statistics. +!Total||4||0 + += = = Kit Symons = = = +Kit Symons (born 8 March 1971) is an English-born Welsh former footballer. He played for Wales national team. +Club career statistics. +436||27 +436||27 +International career statistics. +!Total||37||2 + += = = Tim Howard = = = +Tim Howard (born March 6, 1979) is an American soccer player. He plays for Everton and United States national team. +Honors. +Manchester United +Everton +United States +Individual + += = = Marcelo Salas = = = +Marcelo Salas (born 24 December 1974) is a former Chilean football player. He has played for Chile national team. + += = = Duncan Edwards = = = +Duncan Edwards (1 October 1936 – 21 February 1958) was an English footballer. He played for Manchester United and the England national team. Edwards was one of the eight "Busby Babes" who died in the Munich air disaster. +Honours. +Manchester United +Individual + += = = Roger Milla = = = +Roger Milla (born 20 May 1952) is a former Cameroonian football player. He has played for Cameroon national team. +Club career statistics. +204||158 +312||111 +516||269 +International career statistics. +!Total||102||28 + += = = Toni Turek = = = +Toni Turek is a former football player. He has played for West Germany national team. In 1954 he became world champion. He is called "Fußballgott" ("football god"). +Club career statistics. +224||0 +224||0 +International career statistics. +!Total||20||0 + += = = Arthur, Prince of Wales = = = +Arthur Tudor (19 or 20 September 1486 - 2 April 1502) was the oldest son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. +As the oldest son, Arthur was to be King of England after the death of his father. In 1501, he married Catherine of Aragon, a princess from Spain. He died a few months later. His younger brother, Henry, became heir to the throne. After Henry became king in 1509, he married Arthur's widow, Catherine of Aragon. +The seat prepared for Prince Arthur can be seen in StMarys Priory Church Abergavenny The Tudor rose , Prince of Wales feathers can be seen under The Royal stall with ornamented canopy , dating from 1501.The stall for Catherine can be viewed opposite + += = = Farah River = = = +The Farah River (Persian Farāh Rud) is a river in western Afghanistan. The river originates in the Band-e Bayan Range and flows for 560 km to the Helmand swamps on the Afghanistan-Iran border. The town of Farah is located on the river. + += = = Asuwa River = = = +The is a river in Fukui Prefecture, Japan. It stretches from Mount Kanmuri in the town of Ikeda to the Hino and the Kuzuryū rivers. + += = = Sagami River = = = +The is a river in Kanagawa and Yamanashi Prefectures on the island of Honshū, Japan. + += = = American Museum of Natural History = = = +The American Museum of Natural History is a museum about science. It is one of the biggest and most-visited museums in the world. +The museum is made of 25 connected buildings in Theodore Roosevelt Park on the Upper West Side, Manhattan, New York, USA. It has 46 exhibition halls, a lot of laboratories, a research library, and more than 34 million specimens and artifacts. +More than 200 scientists work at the museum, researching biology, paleontology, earth science, astrophysics, and anthropology. Its graduate school awards doctorate degrees in biology and masters degrees in education. The museum also provides education programs for children and adults, including for teachers. +Famous people who have worked at the museum include Teddy Roosevelt, Franz Boas, Margaret Mead, and Neil DeGrasse Tyson. + += = = Janis Joplin = = = +Janis Lyn Joplin (January 19, 1943 – October 4, 1970) was an American singer, songwriter, and music arranger, from Port Arthur, Texas. She rose to prominence in the late 1960s as the lead singer of Big Brother and the Holding Company, and later as a solo artist. In 2004, "Rolling Stone" magazine ranked Joplin #46 on its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. Her vocal range was mezzo-soprano. +Death. +She died in Los Angeles, California of an accidental overdose of heroin injections at the age of 28. + += = = Ukulele = = = +The ukulele ( from the Hawaiian ʻukulele, pronounced ) is a musical instrument with four strings. It is also called the "uke" for short. Ukuleles are part of the guitar family of instruments. The strings are usually tuned G, C, E, A or A, D, F#, B. Ukuleles normally have nylon strings or gut strings. +Ukuleles commonly come in four sizes: soprano, concert, tenor and baritone. Sopranino and bass ukuleles also exist. Sopraninos are tuned to standard tuning, however, baritone ukuleles are tuned to D, G, B, E (the top four strings of a guitar). Bass ukuleles are tuned E, A, D, G (bass guitar and double bass tuning). +The ukulele was invented in the 19th Century AD in Hawaii, where people got the idea from small guitar-like instruments known as cavaquinhos brought to the island by Portuguese sailors. + += = = Gary Glitter = = = +Gary Glitter, born "Paul Francis Gadd", (born 8 May 1944 in Banbury, Oxfordshire) is a British former glam rock singer whose career ended in the late 1990s by criminal charges and convictions for child sexual abuse offenses. Glitter recorded a very popular song called "Rock and Roll, Parts 1 and 2", often known as "The Hey Song", which was frequently played at sporting events. +His mother was a cleaner who was unmarried and she raised him with the help of her mother and he knew his father and he was hard to control because of his antisocial behaviour along with his brother and he was taken with his brother into local authority care when he was 10 years old. Although a Protestant he went to a Roman Catholic school. He got in trouble at school as a child, he also often ran away and went to London to clubs where his glam rock career started and he started calling himself Paul Raven in 1960 when his glam rock career started and then Gary Glitter in 1971 which he is known as. He has become infamous after being convicted of possessing child pornography and of child sexual abuse. Glitter has also been investigated for claims of child abuse dating back to the 1950s, connecting to the activities of the child abuser Jimmy Savile. He was briefly married to Anne Merton with who he had a son called Paul and a daughter called Sarah but Glitter and Merton divorced. Later when he lived in Cuba he had a Cuban girlfriend called Yudenia Sosa Martinez with who he had another son in 2001 called Gary Glitter Jr. In the 1970s Giltter was also convicted of driving under the influence and had used drugs such as cocaine and had a drug overdose. +Glitter - who became a vegetarian and embraced Buddhism - lived in Cambodia until 2002 when he was extradited to Vietnam where he was sentenced to three years jail in early 2006 for child sex offences he committed in Vietnam but on appeal twice with his Vietnamese lawyer he was released in November 2008. He has since returned to the United Kingdom where the British Government has decided that he can't travel overseas and several countries around the world have banned him and he gave in his passport to the government officials as required. Gary Glitter was placed on the UK Sex Offender Registry for life as a registered sex offender showing his real name Paul Francis Gadd and his other name of Gary Glitter. He was also arrested in 2012 by police investigating complaints against Jimmy Savile and questioned and has been monitored by Police in an investigation code named Operation Yewtree and is one of the most hated people. Others arrested include Dave Lee Travis, Stuart Hall, Wilfred De'ath, Ted Beston, Jim Davidson, Freddie Starr, Max Clifford, Paul Gambaccini and Rolf Harris. In June 2014, Glitter was charged with eight child sex offences dating back to the 1970s. Glitter was sentenced to 16 years in prison in February 2015. + += = = Rick Astley = = = +Richard Paul Astley (born 6 February 1966) is a British singer, songwriter and musician. He was born in Great Sankey, Warrington, Lancashire, England and grew up in Newton-le-Willows, Merseyside. Astley has also lived in Richmond, London with his Danish wife, Lene Bausager, and their daughter, Emilie. +Career. +In 1985, Astley was a drummer with a soul band named FBI when Pete Waterman noticed him and persuaded him to come to London to work at the PWL recording studio. +His first single was the little-known "When You Gonna," released as a collaboration with Lisa Carter. His first solo offering was "Never Gonna Give You Up," released in 1987 which spent five weeks at the top of the British charts and becoming the year's highest-selling single. On 12 March 1988, "Never Gonna Give You Up" also topped the U.S. singles chart and was followed by a second U.S. #1 on 18 June with his second U.S. single release, "Together Forever." In 1989 he was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best New Artist of the Year. He lost to Tracy Chapman. +Much later, thanks to the rick rolling phenomenon and the persistent voting of the website 4chan, he was also nominated for the Best Act Ever Award 2008 at the Liverpool Music Awards. +Rickroll internet phenomenon. +In 2007 Rick Astley became the subject of a viral Internet meme in which an estimated 25 million Internet users were tricked into watching Rick Astley's video "Never Gonna Give You Up" by posting it under the name of other popular video titles. The practice is now known as Rickrolling. The phenomenon became so popular that on April 1, 2008, YouTube pranked its users by making every single featured video on the front page a Rickroll. +Discography. +Canada Top data: for singles and albums from The Record magazine. US Top data: for singles from The Billboard Hot 100, for albums from The Billboard 200; UK Top data for singles and albums is from + += = = Swallows and Amazons series = = = +Swallows and Amazons is a series of children's books by the English writer Arthur Ransome. The series is named after the title of the first book in the series. The 12 books are about the adventures of groups of children during school holidays. Events mostly take place in England and Scotland between the World War I and World War II. The stories usually are about outdoor activities, especially camping, fishing and sailing. +Overview. +The series remains popular today for its lovely, yet often realistic, depiction of childhood and the interplay between children's imagination and reality. It is part of the basis for a large tourist industry in the Lake District and Norfolk Broads areas of England, where many of the books are set. There are also several groups dedicated to the study and promotion of Ransome's work which are largely inspired by the series. The first was the Arthur Ransome Club in Japan. There is also the British-based group, The Arthur Ransome Society, which has an international membership. +The series begins with "Swallows and Amazons", published in 1930. It tells the story of the Walker children, who sail a dinghy (boat) named "Swallow", and the Blackett children, who sail a dinghy named "Amazon". The Walkers are staying at a farm near a lake during the school holidays; the Blacketts live in a house on the opposite shore. The children meet on an island on the lake, and have a series of adventures that weave imaginative tales of pirates and exploration into everyday life in inter-war, rural England. + += = = Rick Astley discography = = = +This article presents the discography of the pop singer Rick Astley. + += = = Arthur Ransome = = = +Arthur Michell Ransome (born 18 January 1884 in Leeds - died 3 June 1967) was an English writer and journalist. He is best known for writing the "Swallows and Amazons series" of children's books. +Ransome was born in Leeds. His father was Professor of History there. His father's death in 1897 affected Ransome for a long time. He always tried to get past his belief that his father had did not think his abilities were very good. +Ransome got his formal education first in Windermere. He then studied at the Rugby School (where he lived in Lewis Carroll's study room). He did not fully like his time there because of his poor vision, lack of skills at sports, and limited achievement. He attended Yorkshire College, his father's college studying chemistry. After a year there, he stopped going to the college. He went to London to become a writer. He took low-paying jobs as an office assistant in a publishing company. He also worked as editor of a magazine, "Temple Bar Magazine", that was not making much money. During this time, he was writing and became a member of the literary scene of London. +"Swallows and Amazons". +Ransom's most well known book series, "Swallows and Amazons", tells the stories of school-holiday adventures of children. The stories are mostly set in the Lake District and the Norfolk Broads. Many of the books involve sailing. Other common things are fishing and camping. The books are so popular that they give a basis of a tourist industry around Windermere and Coniston Water — the two lakes that Ransome used as the basis for his fictional North Country lake. + += = = Never Gonna Give You Up = = = +"Never Gonna Give You Up" is a dance-pop song originally made by Rick Astley. It was released as a single from Astley's multi-million selling debut album, "Whenever You Need Somebody", which was written and produced by Stock Aitken Waterman. The song was a worldwide number-one hit, initially in the singer's native United Kingdom in 1987, where it stayed at number one for five weeks and was the best-selling single of that year. +The music video for the song has become the basis for the "Rickrolling" internet meme. + += = = Stanley Cup playoffs = = = +The Stanley Cup playoffs are an elimination tournament in the National Hockey League. +To win the Stanley Cup, a team must win 16 playoff games, 4 in each of the 4 rounds. +The playoffs have 4 rounds. Each round is a best-of-seven series. This means up to seven games are played until one team wins 4 of the games. The first three rounds decide which team from each conference will move on to the last round. The last round is called the Stanley Cup Finals. The winner of that set of games becomes the NHL and Stanley Cup winner. +The first round of the playoffs is called the Conference Quarterfinals. There are four games in each conference. The winners of the first round advance to the second round. The third round is the Conference Finals. The two teams left in each conference (Eastern Conference and Western Conference) play each other. The conference champions advance to the Stanley Cup Finals. +For the first three rounds, the higher-seeded team has home-ice advantage. In the Stanley Cup Finals, it goes to the team with the better regular season record. The team with home-ice advantage hosts games 1, 2, 5 and 7, while the opponent hosts games 3, 4 and 6 (games 5–7 are played "if needed"). +Unlike regular season games, which have an altered format for overtime games (3 skaters and a goalie per side), playoff games have regular squads (5 skaters and a goalie per side) and are all played as sudden death format. +History. +Before the 1993–94 season, the style was completely different. The league was split into four divisions, and the best four teams in each of the divisions went to the playoffs. Also, instead of the top team playing the 8th place team in the conference, the first place team played the fourth place team in each division, and the second place team played the third place team. In the second round, the two winning teams in each division would face each other for the divisional championship. The divisional winners in each conference would play one another in the third round for the right to advance to the Stanley Cup Final. This style is still used for deciding the teams in the playoffs in the American Hockey League. + += = = Deepak Chopra = = = +Deepak Chopra (; born October 22, 1946) is an Indian adept of alternative medicine and writer. He has written about spirituality and topics in mind-body connections. Chopra says that he has been influenced by the teachings of Vedanta and the "Bhagavad Gita", as well as by Krishnamurti Jiddu, and by the field of quantum physics. However,he has no knowledge of quantum physics. The ideas Chopra promotes have regularly been criticized by medical and scientific professionals as pseudoscience. +Writings. +Chopra has written more than 40 books. They range from spiritual and health topics; including bestsellers on aging, the "Seven Spiritual Laws of Success," the existence of God, arguments for the afterlife and world peace. He has also written novels and edited collections of spiritual poetry from India and Persia. + += = = Prime Minister of Israel = = = +The Prime Minister of Israel is the head of government and chief executive of Israel. The prime minister has the most powerful political job in the country and is usually the leader of the majority party or coalition in the Parliament of Israel. The current Prime Minister is Benjamin Netanyahu who took office again in December 2022. +Living former Prime Ministers. +As of , four former prime minister are alive: +The most recent prime minister to die was Shimon Peres, who died on September 28, 2016. + += = = Abukuma River = = = +The Abukuma River (����, "Abukuma gawa" or "Abukumagawa") is a river in the Tōhoku region of Japan. It has a length of 234 kilometers. It is the second longest river in the Tōhoku region of Japan and is the 6th longest river in Japan. It rises from springs in the peaks of the Nasu Mountains. It collects water from tributaries leaving the Ōu Mountains and the Abukuma Highlands (�����). Then, it empties out into the Pacific Ocean as a major river. It has a 5,390 km2 area watershed. About 1.2 million people live along its basin. + += = = Agano River = = = +The Agano River ("Aganogawa") is a river which flows from Fukushima Prefecture to Niigata Prefecture in Japan. It is called the Aga River or the Ōkawa River in Fukushima. It is 210 km long with 7,710 km2 watershed. +In 1927, the Agano River was recognized as one of the 100 Landscapes of Japan which best showed Japan and its culture in the Shōwa period. +Niigata Minamata disease. +In 1964, a chemical factory at Kanose village in Niigata Prefecture released methyl mercury into the river and this caused the Niigata Minamata disease. + += = = Arakawa River = = = +The Arakawa River () is one of the principal rivers flowing through Tokyo, the capital city of Japan. The point of origin is on Mount Kobushi in Saitama Prefecture, and the Arakawa empties into Tokyo Bay, spanning 173 kilometers. The drainage basin covers 2,940 square kilometers. The widest section of the river ranges 2,537 meters at around Gonari Bridge and ranks number one in the nation. +The Arakawa is a sister river with the Potomac River in the United States. + += = = Chikugo River = = = +The is called "Chikushijirō" as a nickname. This river flows through Kumamoto, Ōita, Fukuoka and Saga prefectures in Japan. It rises under the Mount Aso, is 143 km long and is the longest river of Kyūshū. It enters to the Ariake Bay. + += = = The Replacements (band) = = = +The Replacements were an American rock band. They began in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 1979, and are best known for being early pioneers of alternative rock. +Live performances. +The Replacements became popular locally after playing live for the first time. This was because of Tommy Stinson's young age. He was still 13. He had learned to play bass guitar at 11 . Early shows were good but soon because impossible to control. The band became known for their rowdy, angry, and often drunken live shows. They often came up on stage too intoxicated to play. +They were banned permanently from "Saturday Night Live" after performing drunk before a national television audience on January 18, 1986. As one critic said, the band could quite often be "mouthing profanities into the camera, stumbling into each other, falling down, dropping their instruments, and generally behaving like the apathetic drunks they were." +The Replacements—when sober—got critical praise for their live shows. Part of the suspense of seeing the Replacements play, was that the audience never knew until the start of a concert if the band would be sober enough to play. It was not unusual for the group to play entire sets of cover versions, ranging anywhere from Bryan Adams's "Summer of '69" to Dusty Springfield's "The Look of Love" to Led Zeppelin's "Black Dog." + += = = Fuji River = = = +The flows from Yamanashi Prefecture to Shizuoka Prefecture in Japan. It is 128 km long and has a drainage area of 3990 km2. With the Mogami River and the Kuma River, it is regarded as one of the three most rapid flows of Japan. This river is not well known by people over the world. It is near Mount Fuji. +In 1927, the Fuji River was recognized as one of the 100 Landscapes of Japan which best showed Japan and its culture in the Shōwa period. + += = = Hino River = = = +The is a major river in the western part of Tottori Prefecture. The river flows east-northeast for 1004m beginning from Mikuniyama in Nichinan in southern Tottori Prefecture. At Kofu, the river turns north-northwest before finally discharging into Miho Bay at Heizu near Yonago. Approximately 60,800 people use the water from the Hino River. + += = = Jinzū River = = = +The is a river which flows from Gifu Prefecture to Toyama Prefecture in Japan. It is called Miya River (�� "Miya-gawa") in Gifu. It is 120 km long and has a watershed of 2,720 km2. + += = = Uono River = = = +The is a river in Niigata Prefecture in Japan. It flows into the Shinano River, which is the longest in Japan. It is a good river for sport fishing and maybe rafting but not for swimming. + += = = Ibi River = = = +The is a tributary of the Kiso River in Gifu and Mie Prefectures in Japan. Along with the Nagara and Kiso rivers, the Ibi is the third of the Kiso Three Rivers of the Nōbi Plain. It is one of Japan's first class rivers. The former Tōkaidō post station of Kuwana-juku was on the western banks of this river during the Edo period. + += = = Steely Dan = = = +Steely Dan is an American jazz rock band. The band was made by Donald Fagen and Walter Becker while they were students at Bard College in Annandale-on-Hudson, New York. They were active from 1971 to 1981. They reunited in 1993 to play their music live at concerts. +Seven studio albums were released from 1972 to 1980 and two more were released from 2003 to 2006 after a 23 year break. The band has sold more than 40 million albums across the world and was added to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in March 2001. Walter Becker died on September 3, 2017. +History. +Formation and early years (1967-1972). +Becker and Fagen met in 1967 at Bard College. Fagen heard Becker practicing his electric guitar in a café, The Red Balloon, which Fagen liked and he asked Becker to join a band with him. They discovered that they enjoyed similar music and started writing songs together. +They began playing locally, mostly covers of popular music but also some songs which they wrote. The two moved to Brooklyn together after Fagen graduated. Kenny Vance found their music interesting which lead to them working on the soundtrack of a low-budget film for him. This was only for money. Several songs, some of which were later used on official albums, from this time are available through multiple unauthorized collections. The band saw little success during this period. +"Can't Buy a Thrill", "Countdown To Ecstasy", and "Pretzel Logic" (1972-1974). +The band's first three studio albums were a resounding success and sold more than 2.5 million albums together. Countdown to Ecstasy preformed worse than the other two. This was because, according to Becker and Fagen, it was recorded while on tour. The singles Do It Again, Reelin' in the Years (both from "Can't Buy a Thrill"), and Rikki Don't Loose That Number (from "Pretzel Logic") were hits. +During this time, Becker and Fagen wanted to spend their time in the studio while other members wanted to continue touring. Due to this, members began to leave the band until only Becker and Fagen remained. From this point the 'band' consisted of only Becker and Fagen as constants and used many session musicians. +"Katy Lied", "The Royal Scam", and "Aja" (1975-1978). +"Katy Lied" was a commercial success but both Becker and Fagen hated the album due to perceived poor audio quality. "The Royal Scam" and "Aja" are both 'platinum' and Aja is the band's highest charting album. A documentary was released of Aja's production. During this time, the band produced an original song, FM (No Static at All), for the film FM; the song succeeded while the movie itself failed badly. +"Gaucho" and breakup (1978-1981). +The duo did not write songs for most of 1978 but returned to begin "Gaucho". The album faced many challenges in production. These include: an important track, "The Second Arrangement", being erased; MCA Records preventing Steely Dan from changing labels; Becker being sued for $17 million and negative attention following; Becker being hit and injured by a taxi; and the band being sued by Keith Jarret for copyright violation. Despite these things, the album released in 1980 to major success, also being 'platinum'. +Break (1981-1993). +After the release of "Gaucho", the band disbanded in June 1981 and remained apart until 1993. Fagen continued to make music, releasing "The Nightfly" in 1981 to great success. Becker moved to Maui, Hawaii and did some work as a producer on other's albums. Both preformed on Zazu, a 1986 album by Rosie Vela and produced by Steely Dan's former producer Gary Katz. In 1993, Becker produced Fagen's second solo album, "Kamakiriad". +Reunion, "Alive in America" (1993-2000). +In 1993 Becker and Fagen reunited to tour and promote Fagen's "Kamakiriad". Their touring band was much larger than their typical studio band. MCA released Citizen Steely Dan in 1994, a compilation containing the band's entire album discography and some non-album singles, a demo of "Everyone's Gone to the Movies", and a live recording of "Bodhisattva". The same year, Becker released his first solo album, "11 Tracks of Whack". In 1995, "Alive in America" was released, a compilation of live songs. They toured in the United States, Europe, and Japan during this time. +"Two Against Nature" and "Everything Must Go" (2000-2003). +The band released their first studio album in twenty years, "Two Against Nature", in 2000. Also in this year, the band released the non-studio album "Plush TV Jazz-Rock Party". This album was the first by Steely Dan to win the Grammy's Album of the Year award. Notably, "Everything Must Go" featured less session musicians than the band normally would and the song "Slang of Ages" had Becker singing for the first time on a Steely Dan studio album. +Touring (2003-2017). +For this time, the band released no new music and toured exclusively. Becker and Fagen both released solo music ("Circus Monkey", "Morph the Cat" and "Sunken Condos" respectively). Becker preformed his last show in May 27, 2017 before his death. +After Becker's death (2017-present). +After the death of founding member and half of the band Walter Becker, Fagen continued to tour in order to "keep the music we [Walter and Fagen] created together alive as long as I [Fagen] can with the Steely Dan band." Fagen completed promised shows after Becker's death and continues to tour with the Steely Dan name. + += = = Mastodon (band) = = = +Mastodon is an American heavy metal band from Atlanta, Georgia. The band was formed in 2000. As of 2023, the band has made eight studio albums. In 2018, the band won a Grammy Award for the song "Sultan's Curse". +In 2002, the band made "Remission". This was their first album. Mastodon's second album, "Leviathan", was released in 2004. It is a concept album. It is based on "Moby-Dick" by Herman Melville. + += = = Tony Chimel = = = +Tony Chimel is an American former professional wrestling ring announcer. He is currently signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW), where he works as a producer. He is best known for his time with the World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment (WWE) from 1983 to 2020, where he was a ring announcer (from 1989 to 2017) and part of the ring crew. Following his release from the WWE, Chimel took a job at a Trader Joe's store. He joined AEW in April 2023. + += = = Latin alphabet in Turkic countries = = = +The Latin alphabet in Turkic countries is the common alphabet officially used in most countries with Turkic languages. Turkic languages can also be written in Arabic, Persian and Cyrillic. +History. +After World War I, many Turkic countries implemented a policy of westernization, centered even on the use of the Latin alphabet. +The first was Turkey in 1928, where Kemal Atatürk substituted the Arab alphabet with the Roman alphabet after ordering the end of the Ottoman Empire. +Soon all the Turkic-speaking countries of the Soviet Central Asia did the same and used the so-called "unified Turkish Latin alphabet" based on the one of Atatürk's Turkey, but during WWII, Stalin ordered a Russification process in his Soviet Union and the Latin alphabet was replaced again by the Cyrillic alphabet. +After the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, most of the newly independent Turkic Asian countries put back the Latin alphabet. There are small differences between each country's alphabet. +Letters of Latin alphabet. +The Turkish alphabet used in Turkey, based on Latin capital and lower case letters, has 29 letters (but other countries like Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan have more letters). Unusual among languages that use the Latin alphabet, Turkish has both a dotted and dotless version of the letter "I". +Of these 29 letters in the Latin alphabet of Turkey, 8 are vowels (A, E, I, İ, O, Ö, U, Ü); the 21 others are consonants. The letters Q, W, and X of the English alphabet do not occur in this Turkish Latin alphabet, and, in fact, were once illegal in Turkey. +The Turkish alphabet used in other Turkic countries, like Kazakhstan, when using Latin alphabet like in the case of Qazaqsa, has some different letters. +For example, the Qazaqsa Latin alphabet has 38 letters: + += = = Listeria = = = +Listeria is a genus of bacteria with about ten species. It is named after Joseph Lister. "Listeria" are very common, they occur almost everywhere. Two of the ten species are pathogens: they can cause a disease called listeriosis in decaying food. +In 2011, 21 people died from listeriosis by eating cantaloupes from a Colorado farm. In 1998, hot dogs and possibly deli meats made by Bil Mar Foods, a subsidiary of Sara Lee Corp., also had listeria and killed 21 people. In 1985, listeria in Mexican-style soft cheese was linked to 52 deaths. + += = = American Eagle Outfitters = = = +American Eagle is a multinational clothing store based in the United States. Most people who buy clothing from American Eagle are teenagers and young adults. The store opened in 1977 and the headquarters is in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. + += = = American Eagle = = = +American Eagle may mean: + += = = Church of Scotland = = = +The Church of Scotland is the national church of Scotland, established by law. It is Presbyterian. The Presbyterian Church of Scotland is distinguished from the Anglican Church in a number of ways. It does not have bishops or archbishops; nor is the British monarch its head. The leading minister is called the Moderator, who is the chair of the General Assembly for one year. Ministers of the Kirk, as it is called, may be called Rectors. +The established kirk has suffered schism (breaks), and this has given rise to the "Wee Frees": the Free Church of Scotland, and (a further schism) the Free Church of Scotland (continuing) (the Wee Wee Frees); and the Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland (also, confusingly, called the Wee Wee Frees). +The Scottish Presbyterian church was formed when it broke away from Rome in 1560. Its theology (beliefs) were based on the ideas of John Knox, a disciple of John Calvin. The free kirks tend to take the Bible more literally. +About 10% of the people in Scotland are members of this church, but when asked in a census, 47% of people said this was their religion. +In 2023 there were around 4500 churches in Scotland, but fewer people going to services, so there were plans to save money by closing many of them. +God's Invitation. +In 1992, the Kirk's ruling body (the General Assembly) approved the following simple summary of its beliefs. +God's Invitation + += = = Malcolm Young = = = +Malcolm Mitchell Young (6 January 1953 – 18 November 2017) was a Scottish-born Australian guitarist. He was the rhythm guitarist for the band AC/DC. +Young left AC/DC in April 2014 to receive treatment for dementia. In September 2014 the band's management announced that his departure would be permanent. +His brothers are George and Angus Young. +Young died on 18 November 2017 at the age of 64 at Lulworth House in Elizabeth Bay. Young's elder brother George Young died a few weeks earlier, on 22 October 2017. + += = = A & C Black = = = +A & C Black is a British book publishing company. +The company was founded in 1807 by Adam and Charles Black in Edinburgh. It moved to the Soho district of London in 1889. In 1851, the company bought the copyright of Walter Scott's Waverley Novels for £27,000. In 1902, it published P. G. Wodehouse's first book, "The Pothunters". +People know the company best for being the publisher of the "Who's Who", printed every year since 1897 and also, since 2002, the Whitaker's Almanack. +A & C Black bought both Christopher Helm Publishers and later the Pica Press, which are publishers of the Helm Identification Guides, written by Christopher Helm. +The company is now part of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. + += = = Lush = = = +Lush was an English band. They were active from 1988 to 1996. + += = = Disturbed = = = +Disturbed is a rock band from Chicago, Illinois. They were formed in 1994 and have sold over 11 million albums in the United States alone and almost 20 million around the world. All of Disturbed's albums have been number one on the "Billboard 200". Four of their albums have been number one on their first week on the "Billboard 200". +History. +Disturbed's original name was Brawl, and had a different singer. David Draiman joined Brawl, and changed the name to Disturbed. In 2000, Disturbed released their first CD, called "The Sickness". Since 2000, "The Sickness" has sold over 4 million copies in the United States. In 2002, Disturbed released a DVD called "M.O.L.". This has music videos and videos of the band while on tour. Later in 2002, Disturbed released another CD, called "Believe". After Disturbed finished a tour in 2003, they fired bassist, Steve Kmak. He was replaced with John Moyer. In 2005, Disturbed released another album called "Ten Thousand Fists". One of Disturbed's songs, "This Moment" was put in the movie "Transformers". In 2008, Disturbed released another album, called "Indestructible". Some of the songs from "Indestructible" were put on the video game "Rock Band". + += = = Survivor (band) = = = +Survivor is a hard rock band from Berwyn, Illinois. They were active from 1978 to 1989. They reunited in 1993. Their best-known single was "Eye of the Tiger", which was the theme song to the movie "Rocky III". + += = = Herne Bay = = = +Herne Bay is a small seaside town in Kent, South East England. It is about from London. The town has a population of about 35,000. It is near Canterbury, Whitstable and the historic villages of Herne and Reculver. Up until 1978, the town had the second-longest pier in the United Kingdom. However, in 1987 it was destroyed by a storm. + += = = Murten = = = +Murten (French: "Morat") is a city in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It is a historic city on the south side of Lake Morat. The name of the city first appears in 515 as "Muratum". The name is probably related to Celtic "Moridunum". This is made from "Mori" (lake), and "dunum" (castle, fortification). The city used to be part of the duchy of Burgundy. It got city rights in 1337. +Today, about 6,000 people live there. Almost all of the old parts of the city still exist. In 2000, about 77% of the people spoke German, 13% spoke French, and about 2% spoke Italian. About 19% of the people living there are foreigners. +History. +On 1 January 1975 the former municipality of Burg bei Murten merged into the municipality of Murten. It was created on 1 January 1991 by the former municipality of Altavilla and on 1 January 2013 by the former municipality of Büchslen. On 1 January 2016 the former municipalities of Courlevon, Jeuss, Lurtigen and Salvenach merged into Murten. On 1 January 2022, the former municipalities of Clavaleyres (Canton of Bern), Galmiz and Gempenach merged to form the municipality of Murten. + += = = Herne = = = +Herne may mean: + += = = NOT gate = = = +A NOT gate (also often called Inverter) is a logic gate. Each NOT gate has only one input signal. Logically with NOT gates, the input and the output swap, so if you input "1" it outputs as "0"; likewise if you input "0" it outputs as "1".The NOT gate negates the values of data or signal in its input. It will always output the opposite signal. Its main function is to interchange logic. +In the 20th century an inverter was often made of a discrete transistor with other components, or several inverters were packaged in an integrated circuit. +Symbols. +There are three symbols for the NOT gate: + += = = Paul Breitner = = = +Paul Breitner (born 5 September, 1951) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team. +Club career statistics. +285||93 +84||10 +369||103 +International career statistics. +!Total||48||10 + += = = Bobby Convey = = = +Bobby Convey (born May 27, 1983) is an former American soccer player. He plays for San Jose Earthquakes. + += = = Bruce Arena = = = +Bruce Arena (born September 21, 1951) is a former American soccer player. He played for Tacoma Tides and the United States Men's national team. Arena graduated from Cornell University in 1973. He most recently served as the head coach and sporting director of the New England Revolution. +International career statistics. +!Total||1||0 + += = = Jimmy Glass = = = +James Robert Glass (born 1 August 1973) is an English retired football player. + += = = Miklós Fehér = = = +Miklós Fehér is a former Hungarian football player. He has played for Hungary national team. +Club career statistics. +62||23 +79||27 +141||50 +International career statistics. +!Total||25||7 + += = = Åge Hareide = = = +Åge Hareide is a former Norwegian football player. He has played for Norway national team. +Club career statistics. +165||31 +64||2 +229||33 +International career statistics. +!Total||50||5 + += = = Moussa Hojeij = = = +Moussa Hojeij is a Lebanese football coach and former player. He played for the national team between 1998 and 2002. Currently he is the manager of Lebanese club Nejmeh. + += = = Paul Mariner = = = +Paul Mariner (22 May 1953 – 9 July 2021) was an English football player. He played for England national team from 1977 until 1985. +Death. +Mariner died on 9 July 2021 from brain cancer, aged 68. +Career statistics. +International. +!Total||35||13 +Honours. +As a player. +Plymouth Argyle +Ipswich Town +Individual + += = = Reculver = = = +Reculver is a small coastal town in Kent, South East England near Herne Bay and a few miles north of Canterbury. Its main features are the ruins of a Roman fort, a ruined medieval church which is constantly threatened by coastal erosion. + += = = Whitstable = = = +Whiststable is a small seaside town in Kent, southeast England. It is a few miles north of Canterbury, near Herne Bay. The town is famous for its oysters which have been collected there since the Roman period. + += = = Herne, Kent = = = +Herne is a small historical village, near Herne Bay in Kent, South East England. +The hamlet of Bullockstone is about one mile to the west. + += = = Pier = = = +A pier is a raised walkway across water. It can be a simple light wooden structure which has no effect on the current and tides, or a major structure with buildings and as long as a mile out to sea. In the United States, these may be referred to as docks. A pier can be made of wood, concrete, or other materials. + += = = Totemism = = = +Totemism is a belief about the relationship between people and nature. The term totem comes from an Ojibwe word meaning “a relative of mine”. It was first written about in 1791 by a trader, James Long. It has been recorded across native tribes of America, Africa and Australia. It has been the subject of much research into ethnic groups. Usually, totems of a kinship group will be animals or plants. They will be represented in sacred objects and will belong exclusively to them. +Early records. +Totemism was considered a primitive religion by many European thinkers in the 1800s. It was thought to be related to beliefs about food and incest taboos. In 1869, John Ferguson McLennan said that "there is no race of men that has not come through this primitive stage of speculative belief". Early thinkers had the idea that beliefs in totemism came from indiginous clans being uneducated about the difference between humans and animals. This is not still talked about as true in modern discussions on totemism. +Totem poles. +Totem poles are carved with symbols on large trees, mostly cedar or spruce, by native northwest North American clans. Totem poles are also found in Alaska. They are not for worship, but early missionaries had them burned down. This was a mistake because the poles just tell stories about the clan they belong to. Eagles or ravens are carved at the highest level. Lower down the pole are carved beavers, foxes, bears and frogs. A carving of a person is located on top. He is the watchman, who warns about approaching danger in the village. +History of totemic theory. +Émile Durkheim said in 1915 that totemism was just a way of thinking about groups in society. Durkheim decided this because he spent time working with Aboriginal Australian clans. Each clan had its own totem, which could be any natural feature such as animals, plants or rivers. These totems and symbols of them were worshiped and protected. This was because only as long as the totem was healthy would the clan stay healthy. Durkheim decided that the worship of the totems was a type of self-worship for the clan. +Claude Lévi-Strauss published "Totemism" in 1962. In this book he says that totemism is a way that humans tend to classify people into similar groups. Once a population has made rules like exogamy (marrying outside the group) it becomes important to keep the clan different from others. But humans themselves do not have different features like wolves or birds do, so giving the identity of an animal to the clan makes its member distinctly different. This makes social boundaries. + += = = Italy at the Olympics = = = +Italy at the Olympics is a history which includes 50 games in 23 countries and 4,000+ athletes. Since 1896, Italy (ITA) has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement". +History. +The Italian National Olympic Committee was formed in 1908. It was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1915. +Italy's team first competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens. +Italy has been at most of the Olympic Games, missing only the 1904 Summer Olympics. Italian athletes have won 550 medals at the Summer Olympic Games and another 106 medals at the Winter Olympic Games. Italy has won a total of 236 gold medals which makes them the 5th most successful country in Olympic history, below USA, Soviet Union, Germany and Great Britain. +Fencer Edoardo Mangiarotti has won the most medals for Italy. +Medalists. +Summer Games. +Medals by summer sport. + Leading in that sport +Host country. +Italy has hosted the Games three times: + += = = Neocolonialism = = = +Neocolonialism is a system where empires pretend to let their colonies be free, but they continue to run them secretly. The term "neo" means "new", so it means that the system is a new version of colonialism. The word neocolonialism was carefully explained by socialists in the 1960s, who were afraid their countries wouldn't really be independent. The socialists mostly talked about the old empires controlling the politics and economy of their countries, but some people also talk about neocolonialism as a way to control culture too. +Kwame Nkrumah, the first president of Ghana after it became independent from the British Empire, wrote a well-known book about neocolonialism. Many people have heard of the idea because of his book. Che Guevara is another famous opponent of neocolonialism. +Most people who use the word neocolonialism and believe it describes the world today are socialists, anti-imperialists, and other types of leftists. Liberals and right-wing people tend to disagree with the idea of neocolonialism. + += = = Latvia at the Olympics = = = +Latvia was first at the Olympic Games in 1924. After the nation was occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940, Latvian athletes were part of Soviet Union at the Olympics between 1952 and 1988. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union and independence of Latvia in 1991, the nation returned to the Olympic Games in 1992. They have been at every Games since then. +The National Olympic Committee for Latvia was first formed in 1922. The current NOC is the Latvian Olympic Committee, which was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1991. + += = = Liechtenstein at the Olympics = = = +Liechtenstein at the Olympics is a history which began in 1948. +The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Liechtenstein was LIC. It is now LIE. +History. +Liechtenstein was first at the Olympic Games in 1936. They have been in most Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games since then. +Athletes from Liechtenstein have won a total of nine medals, all in alpine skiing. It is the only nation to have won all of its medals at the Winter Olympics. +The National Olympic Committee for Liechtenstein was formed in 1935. +Xaver Frick, a founding member of the country's NOC, is the only Liechtenstein athlete to have been in both the summer and winter Olympic games. + += = = Lithuania at the Olympics = = = +Lithuania was first in the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. + += = = Luxembourg at the Olympics = = = +Luxembourg at the Olympics is a history which began in 1912. +The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Luxembourg is LUX. +History. +Teams from Luxembourg have been in 28 modern Olympic Games. Luxembourg's National Olympic Committee, the Comité Olympique et Sportif Luxembourgeois, was formed in 1912. They sent their first team to the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm. +Medalists. +Luxembourg has won four Olympic medals (one gold and three silver) in its 28 Olympic appearances. +Winter Olympic Games. +Luxembourg was first at the Winter Olympic Games in 1928. They have been in seven Winter Games. + += = = North Macedonia at the Olympics = = = +The Republic of North Macedonia was first at the Olympic Games at the 1996 Summer Olympics. They have been in every Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games since then. Until 1988 North Macedonia was part of Yugoslavia. +List of medalists. +Several other athletes from the Socialist Republic of Macedonia (a constituent country of the former SFR Yugoslavia) have also won Olympic medals, competing for Yugoslavia. + += = = Monaco at the Olympics = = = +Albania at the Olympics is a history which began in 1920. +The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Monaco is MON. +History. +A team from Monaco was first at the Olympic Games in 1920. They have been in most Summer Olympic Games since then. They were not at the 1932 Games, the 1956 Games, and the 1980 Games. Monaco has also been in every Winter Olympic Games since 1984. +As of 2010, no athlete from Monaco has ever won an Olympic medal. Monaco has the most appearances at the Olympics (25) without winning a medal. +The National Olympic Committee for Monaco was formed in 1907 but not recognized by the International Olympic Committee until 1953. + += = = San Marino at the Olympics = = = +San Marino at the Olympics is a history of 21 games in 16 countries and 80+ athletes. Since 1960, San Marino has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement". +The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for San Marino was SMA. It is now SMR. +History. +A team from San Marino was first at the 1960 Summer Olympics. They have been in 12 Summer Olympics and 7 Winter Olympics. The country has never won a medal. +Among its most successful athletes are Francesco Amici and Emanuela Felici. Both competed in shooting at the 2004 Summer Olympics and "missed out on places in the finals by the narrowest of margins". + += = = Montenegro at the Olympics = = = +Montenegro was at the Olympic Games for the first time as an independent nation in 2008 at the Beijing Games. Before Montenegrin athletes were part of Serbia and Montenegro in 2004 and as part of Yugoslavia before that. +The National Olympic Committee for Montenegro is the Montenegrin Olympic Committee. It was formed in 2006 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 2007. + += = = Saar at the 1952 Summer Olympics = = = +A National Olympic Committee of the Saarland was created in spring of 1950 in the "Saar protectorate", a part of Western Germany that was controlled in 1945 by France. As a separate team, they only took part in the 1952 Summer Olympics. The athletes of Saar joined the German team for the summer games of 1956. 36 people, 31 men and 5 women, took part in 32 events in 9 sports. The Protectorate became the German state of Saarland after 1956. +History. +After World War II, the Saarland was not allowed to become part of the Federal Republic of Germany in May 1949. Its annexation by France was not allowed by the other Allies and the Atlantic charter's points 2 and 3. +Because local population did not want to join France, separate international organisations were created. These included the Saarland football team and in 1950 a NOC, in German called "Nationales Olympisches Komitee des Saarlandes". The region did not send athletes to Oslo for the 1952 Winter Olympics. +The Saarland had history of over 500 years of coal mining. They gave a miner's safety lamp in which the flame of the torch relay of the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki could be carried safely on airplanes. At the opening ceremony, 36 athletes from the Saarland marched in front of the team of Germany. They did not win a medal. They were ranked 44th among a total of 69 teams Many other teams with no wins were all ranked 44th together. +The Saar treaty of October 1956 allowed the Saarland to rejoin Germany as of 1 January 1957. +Although it was possible, no separate Saarland teams were sent to the 1956 games. A United Team of Germany that included athletes of all three German states took part in the Olympics that year. 1952 was the only Olympic appearance of the Saarland as a separate team. The "Olympic Committee of the Saarland" ended in February 1957 and its members became part of the German NOC. + += = = Netherlands at the Olympics = = = +Netherlands at the Olympics is a history which began in 1900. +The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for the Netherlands was NLD. It is now NED. +History. +The Netherlands sent athletes to the Olympic Games for the first time in 1900. They have taken part in almost all Games since then. In 1956, the nation boycotted the Games in Melbourne as a protest against the Soviet invasion in Hungary just a few weeks before the Games. They did have one person take part in the Equestrian events that were held in Stockholm a few months before the rest of the Games. +The Netherlands hosted the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. The Netherlands want to host the 2028 Summer Olympics in either Amsterdam or Rotterdam, as a 100 year celebration of the 1928 Games. +Before to the 1992 Olympics, the country name was "Holland" with the country code of "HOL". From the 1992 onward, they have used the "Netherlands" and "NED". +Dutch athletes have won 246 medals at the Summer Olympic Games. They have won the most of their medals in swimming and cycling. The nation has won 86 medals at the Winter Olympic Games. Eighty-two of these medals have come from speed skating. +The Netherlands Antilles, a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands), left the Netherlands in 2010. This caused the Netherlands Antilles Olympic Committee (NAOC) to lose its Olympic license in July, 2011. After the 2012 Olympic Games in London, athletes from the Netherlands Antilles can choose to be a member of the team for the Netherlands or Aruba, which is a semi-independent part of the kingdom of the Netherlands. At the 2012 Games, athletes from the Netherlands Antilles will be a part of the unified Olympic team under the IOC flag. Some athletes have said that they want to be a part of either the Netherlands or Aruba in London. + += = = Norway at the Olympics = = = +Norway at the Olympics is a history which began in 1900. +The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Norway is NOR. +History. +A team from Norway took part in the Olympic Games for the first time in 1900. It has sent athletes to almost every Games since then. It did not take part in the 1904 Games. It was part of the American boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. +Norway has hosted the Games twice: +Norwegian athletes have won a total of 144 medals at the Summer Olympic Games. It has won its highest amount of medals in the Summer Games in sailing and shooting sports. At the Winter Olympic Games, Norway has won 303 medals. 107 of these medals were gold. This is more than any other nation. cross-country skiing and speed skating are its the top sports. Norway is one of only three nations (along with Austria and Liechtenstein) to have won more medals at the Winter Games than at the Summer Games. +The National Olympic Committee for Norway was created 1900. + += = = Jorge Arvizu = = = +Jorge Arvizu (23 July 1932 - 18 March 2014) was a Mexican actor who was the first Spanish voice, among others, of Bugs Bunny, Fred Flintstone and Cookie Monster. His nickname is "El Tata". + += = = Poland at the Olympics = = = +Poland at the Olympics is a history which includes 42 games in 22 countries and 2,000+ athletes. Since 1918, Poland has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement". +The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Poland is POL. +History. +The Polish National Olympic Committee was formed in 1918. It was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1919. +Poland's team first competed at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Stockholm. +Poland has sent athletes to every Summer Olympic Games since then, except for the 1984 Games. They were a part of the Soviet led boycott of the 1984 Games. Poland has sent athletes to every Winter Olympic Games. + += = = Athletics (sport) = = = +Athletics is an exclusive collection of sporting events that include competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking. The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking. + += = = Portugal at the Olympics = = = +Portugal at the Olympics is a history which includes 30 games in 20 countries and 600+ athletes. Since 1912, the Portugal has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement". +The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Portugal is POR. +History. +The Portugal National Olympic Committee was formed in 1909. It was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1909. +Portugal's team first competed at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm. +Portugal has been a part of every Summer Games since 1912. Portugal's first Winter Games was in 1952 in Oslo, Norway. It was 36 years later when they sent another team to the 1988 Winter Olympics of Calgary, Canada. Since then, Portugal has only missed two Winter Games (1992 and 2002). + += = = List of airports in Azerbaijan = = = +This is a list of airports in Azerbaijan, grouped by type and sorted by location. +Azerbaijan, formally the Republic of Azerbaijan (), is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. It is bordered by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to the south. The exclave of Nakhichevan is bordered by Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, and with Turkey to the northwest. The country's capital city is Baku. The majority-Armenian populated Nagorno-Karabakh region in the southwest of Azerbaijan declared itself independent from Azerbaijan in 1991, but it is not diplomatically recognized by any country and is "de jure" (in international law) part of Azerbaijan. Air transportation in Azerbaijan is organized and controlled by the Ministry of Transpotation of the Republic of Azerbaijan. +Airports. +Names shown in bold means the airport has scheduled passenger service on commercial airlines. + += = = Mediacorp Channel 5 = = = +MediaCorp Channel 5 or Channel 5 (Chinese: ���, Before 1 January 2005: ����) is a 24-hour free-to-air English television channel based in Singapore. +Programmes on Channel 5 normally include English language drama (both foreign imports and locally-made), movies, sports, reality show, variety show, news, current affairs and game show programmes. Local editions of overseas programmes like Singapore Idol, Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?, and Deal or No Deal have also been produced. + += = = London Buses = = = +London Buses is a company owned by Transport for London (TfL). It manages bus services in Greater London, UK. Buses need to be red and charge the same fares. All services are given by private sector workers. + += = = Bariatrics = = = +Bariatrics is the part of medicine that deals with obesity. Bariatrics includes using dieting, exercise, changing people's habits, drugs, and surgery to help people lose weight. +More and more people are becoming overweight or obese. People with a high body mass index (BMI) are much more likely to have certain health problems. These include heart disease, diabetes, many types of cancer, asthma, sleep apnea, and problems with muscles and bones. Obese people are also more likely to die. +Diet, exercise, changing people's habits, and drugs are tried first to help people lose weight. People who have weight loss surgery usually lose more weight than those who try the other ways. The surgery also helps reduce diseases like high blood pressure and diabetes. With each patient, doctors might use some or all of the methods, depending on what they think would work best for that patient. + += = = Ismaili = = = +Ismaili Shia (or Ismailiya; ) are a Shia Muslim sect. They are different from the usual Shia Islam because they do not agree on who the 7th Imam, or religiousleader is. Unlike other Shia Muslims, they believe that Ismail ibn Jafar was the 7th Imam. Most Shia Muslims believe that Musa ibn Jafar was the 7th Imam. Ismail died when his father, Jafar ibn Muhammad the 6th Imam was still alive. They believed that Ismail's son Muhammad was the next Imam and deserted the sixth Imam. +They are split into several sects. The biggest of these are the Nizaris. They are led by the 49th Imam Aga Khan, another title of the Ismaili Imams. The current Aga Khan is Karim Al Hussaini. + += = = Zaidiyyah = = = +The Zaidiyyah () are a Shia Muslim sect. They are different from the usual Shia Islam. This is because of the argument over the who the 5th Imam, or religious leader, is. They believe the 5th Imam was Zaid ibn Ali while usual Shia Muslims believe that his brother, Muhammad, was the 5th Imam. Zaydi Muslims also follow a long list of other imams after imam Zayd Bin Ali. Zaydi Muslims believe the imam isn't appointed by God, unlike other Shia Muslims. Other ways Zaydis are different from other Shia Muslims include prohibition of mutah, not doing taqleed, and believing imams can make mistakes and should be overthrown if they do. +Today, they make up 40% of the population of Yemen. The president of Yemen is also Zaidi. There are also Zaidis in Najran in Saudi Arabia as well as in Qarsherskiy. +Subsects. +Zaydism has 3 major sub sects: +Jarudiyya. +Jarudiyya is a Zaydi sect where they curse Abu Bakr and the rest of the companions for giving the caliphate to Ali, and believe that Ali was the rightful caliph similar to followers of the religion of Twelverism. +Sulaymaniyya. +Sulaymaniyya is a Zaydi sect where they believe that the caliphate of Abu Bakr and Umar were done mistakenly and believe that Ali was the rightful caliph. Their beliefs are rooted in both the religion of Twelverism and Sunni beliefs. +Salihiyya. +Salihiyya is a Zaydi sect where they believe similarly to Sulaymaniyya that the caliphate of Abu Bakr and Umar were done mistakenly but also accept the caliphates of the other companions of Muhammad. They are closest to the sect of Sunnism in their beliefs. + += = = Jin dynasty (1115–1234) = = = +The Jin dynasty (1115–1234) is also known as the Jurchen dynasty, and as the Great Jin. It was one of the last dynasties before Mongol invasion (and eventual conquest) of China. +The dynasty was founded by the Wanyan (�� Wányán) clan of the Jurchens. These were the ancestors of the Manchu, who established the Qing dynasty some 500 years later. The Jin Dynasty was founded in northern Manchuria, The founder was Wanyan Aguda (�����). +The name of this dynasty is sometimes written as "Jinn" to differentiate it from an earlier Jin dynasty (265-420) of China whose name is spelt identically in the Roman alphabet. +The History of Jin recorded that Tangkuo Dingge (����), Consort Gui (��) was a Jurchen woman. She was first married to the Jurchen Jin royal Wanyan Wudai (����. She had an affair with her Han Chinese slave, Yan Qi'er (���) and with Wanyan Liang (Prince Hailing). When Wanyan Liang became emperor of the Jin dynasty he forced Dingge to have her husband Wanyan Wudai killed by her other slaves, Ge Wen (��) and Ge Lu (��) and he promised that she would be named empress. Wanyan Liang broke his promise after he got bored of her when she entered the harem. Dingge then smuggled Yan Qi'er into the palace through a trunk after first smuggling a trunk full of her clothes as a dummy and then reprimanded him for looking at her clothes so he wouldn't look when Yan Qi'er was smuggled in next. Dingge and Yan Qi'er had sex until a Jurchen maid, Guige (��) told on them to the emperor and Dingge was strangled and Yan Qi'er was beheaded. + += = = Jurchen people = = = +The Jurchens were a Tungusic people who lived in Manchuria in present-day Northeast China. They were known as Jurchens until the 17th century when they became known as the "Manchu". +The Jurchens established the Jin Dynasty. The Jurchen Wanyan Yingge's paternal nephew Wanyan Wuyashu however fought against the Koreans, forcing them to submit and recognize Jurchens as overlords after "pacifying" the border between the Koreans and Jurchens. +The Joseon Dynasty of Korea placed great value on a policy of "neighborly relations" ("gyorin" or "kyorin") with the Jurchen people. + += = = Hans Motz = = = +Hans Motz (1 October 1909 – 6 August 1987) was an Austrian physicist. He worked at Stanford University on undulators. His work led to the development of the free-electron laser. +He was born in Vienna, and died in Oxford, England. +Hans Motz was a Full Professor in the Department of Engineering at Oxford University and a Fellow of St Catherine's College, Oxford. +He wrote books, including "The Physics of Fusion", and a book on microwave theory. When he died, he left money to Oxford to establish a Motz Prize in Electrical Engineering to honor top students. + += = = Discrete mathematics = = = +Discrete mathematics is the study of mathematical structures that are discrete rather than continuous. In contrast to real numbers that vary "smoothly", discrete mathematics studies objects such as integers, graphs, and statements in logic. These objects do not vary smoothly, but have distinct, separated values. Discrete mathematics therefore excludes topics in "continuous mathematics" such as calculus and analysis. Discrete objects can often be counted using integers. Mathematicians say that this is the branch of mathematics dealing with countable sets (sets that have the same cardinality as subsets of the natural numbers, including rational numbers but not real numbers). However, there is no exact, universally agreed, definition of the term "discrete mathematics." Many times, discrete mathematics is described less by what is included than by what is excluded: continuously varying quantities and related notions. +The set of objects studied in discrete mathematics can be finite or infinite. The term finite mathematics is sometimes applied to parts of the field of discrete mathematics that deals with finite sets, particularly those areas relevant to business. +Research in discrete mathematics increased in the latter half of the twentieth century partly due to the development of digital computers which operate in discrete steps and store data in discrete bits. Concepts and notations from discrete mathematics are useful in studying and describing objects and problems in branches of computer science, such as computer algorithms, programming languages, cryptography, automated theorem proving, and software development. In turn, computer implementations are significant in applying ideas from discrete mathematics to real-world problems, such as in operations research, game theory and graph theory. +Although the main objects of study in discrete mathematics are discrete objects, analytic methods from continuous mathematics are often employed as well. + += = = Louise Ellery = = = +Louise Ellery (born 4 January 1977) is an athlete from Australia who has a disability. She competes in a wheelchair. She competes in the shot put. At the 2010 Commonwealth Games, she won a gold medal in F32–34/52/53 Shot put. She went to the 2004 Summer Paralympics and the 2008 Summer Paralympics. She did not win a medal. She is getting ready for the 2012 Summer Paralympics. + += = = Adrian Lowe = = = +Adrian Lowe is an Australian athlete with a disability. He competes in a wheelchair. At the 1988 Summer Paralympics, He won two gold medals in the Men's 4 × 100 m Relay A2A4-7 and the Men's 4 × 400 m Relay A2A4-7 races, and three silver medals in the Men's 100 m A4A9, Men's 200 m A4A9, and the Men's 400 m A4A9 races. + += = = Emperor Yōzei = = = + was the 57th Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign started in 876 and ended in 884. +Traditional narrative. +Before he became the monarch, his personal name ("imina") was . +Yōzei was the oldest son of Emperor Seiwa. His mother was the Fujiwara no Takakiko. She was the sister of Fujiwara no Mototsune. +Events of Yōzei's life. +Yōzei was made emperor when he was a young boy. +Yōzei was succeeded by his father's uncle, who became known as Emperor Koko. During the reign of Kōkō's son, Emperor Uda, the former emperor became dangerous again. +Yōzei lived in retirement until the age of 81. +After his death. +The actual site of Yōzei's grave is known. This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine ("misasagi") at Kyoto. +The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Yōzei's mausoleum. It is formally named "Kaguragaoka no Higashi no misasagi". +Eras of Yōzei's reign. +The years of Yōzei's reign are more identified by more than one Japanese era. +Legacy. +In ancient Japan, there were four noble clans, the "Gempeitōkitsu" (����). One of these clans, the Minamoto clan (��) are also known as Genji, and of these, the "Yōzei Genji" (����) are descended from the 57th emperor Yōzei. +Yōzei fathered nine sons who were born after his abdication. + += = = Rene Ahrens = = = +Rene Ahrens is an Australian athlete and wheelchair basketball player with a disability. He won two bronze medals: one at the 1980 Arnhem Games in the Men's Discus 5 and the other at the 1988 Summer Paralympics in the Men's Discus 6. He also played wheelchair basketball for Australia at the 1980 games. + += = = Kieran Ault-Connell = = = +Kieran Ault-Connell (born 30 July 1981) is an Australian athlete with cerebral palsy. He was born in Melbourne. At the 2000 Summer Paralympics, he won two gold medals in the men's relay T38 and men's relay T38 races. At the 2004 Summer Paralympics, he won a silver medal in the Men's Javelin F37 event. + += = = Royal Rumble (2012) = = = +Royal Rumble (2012) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event made by WWE that took place on January 29, 2012 at the Scottrade Center in St. Louis, Missouri. It was the 25th yearly Royal Rumble event. +Background. +As is the case every year since the event's beginning, the event's main event was the 30-man over-the-top-rope battle royal, also known as the Royal Rumble match. The match started with two wrestlers and a new one was added every 90 seconds. To eliminate an opposing wrestler he must be thrown over the top rope and have "both" his two feet hit the floor, this will continue until there is only one man left, who is named the winner. The winner received either a WWE Championship match or a World Heavyweight Championship match at WrestleMania XXVIII. + += = = Angie Ballard = = = +Angie Ballard is an athlete with a disability from Australia. She competes in a wheelchair. +Ballard was born on 6 June 1982. in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. She has two cats, Monkee and Jaguar, and a dog named Angel. +Ballard started racing in 1994. In August 1998, Ballard raced at the International Paralympic Committee World Championships in Birmingham, England, where she was won a gold medal in the women's 4 × 100 m and 4 × 400 m relay race. She raced at the 2000 Summer Paralympics but she did not win a medal. She competed at the 2004 Summer Paralympics competing in the T54 200m, T53 400m and T53 800m. She did not win any medals in those races. She won a bronze in the T53 100m race. She competed at the 2008 Summer Paralympics and did not win a medal in the T53 100m, 200m, 400m and 800m race. She won a medal silver medal in the T53/54 4 × 100 m relay race. + += = = Paul Benz = = = +Paul M W Benz, OAM (born 9 January 1986) is an athlete with a disability from Australia. He competes in a wheelchair. He won a gold medal at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in the Men's 4 × 100 m T35-38 race. + += = = Robert Biancucci = = = +Robert Biancucci is an Australian athlete with a disability. At the 1988 Summer Paralympics, he won a gold medal in the Men's 800 m C8 race, a silver medal in the Men's 400 m C8 race, and a bronze medal in the Men's 200 m C8 race. He competed but did not win any medals at the 1992 Summer Paralympics. + += = = Fabian Blattman = = = +Fabian Blattman (born 28 December 1958) is a disabled athlete from Australia. He competes in a wheelchair. At the 1988 Summer Paralympics, he came fifth in the first heat of the Men's 200 m 1A - race. He won a silver medal in the 4×100 m race and a bronze medal in the 4×400 m race at the 1992 Summer Paralympics. At the 1996 Summer Paralympics, he won a gold medal in the 1500 m race and a silver medal in the 800 m race. At the 2000 Summer Paralympics, he won a gold medal in the men's 400 m T51 race, a silver medal in the men's 1500 m T51 race, and a bronze medal in the men's 800 m T51 race. + += = = Joanne Bradshaw = = = +Joanne Meryl Bradshaw, OAM (born 8 November 1961) is a disabled athlete from Australia. She competes in a wheelchair. She was born in the Victorian town of Yallourn. At the 1998 IPC Athletics World Championships in Birmingham, she won a silver medal in the women's discus and a bronze medal in the women's javelin. She won a gold medal at the 2000 Sydney Games in the women's shot put F37 and set a new Paralympic Games record. She competed but did not win any medals at the 2004 Athens Games. + += = = Damien Burroughs = = = +Damien Burroughs (born 28 October 1978) is an Australian disabled athlete. He was born in West Union, Ohio, in the United States. He won a gold medal at the 1996 Summer Paralympics in the Men's Discus F36. He competed but did not win any medals at both the 2000 and 2004 Summer Paralympics. + += = = Aaron Chatman = = = +Aaron Chatman (born 11 May 1987) is an athlete from Australia. He is disabled. He competed in the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China and won a silver medal in the men's High jump—F44/46 and a bronze medal in the men's 4 x 100 metre relay—T42-46 race. Irina Dvoskina was his coach. + += = = Darren Collins = = = +Darren Collins is a disabled athlete from Australia. He won two bronze medals at the 1992 Summer Paralympics in the Men's 200 m B1 race and the Men's 400 m B1 race. + += = = St. Joseph, Missouri = = = +St. Joseph is a city in northwest Missouri. It is next to the Kansas state line north of Kansas City. It is where the famous outlaw Jesse James lived and where the Pony Express Started. There is much entertainment to be seen there. And many historical sites and things. There are many shops and restaurants with delicious food. St. Joseph is well known because of the pony express. It is one of the biggest cities in Missouri (the eighth biggest) and was established in 1843. + += = = Richard Colman = = = +Richard Colman OAM (born 28 November 1984) is a disabled athlete from Australia. He raced in the 2004 Summer Paralympics and he won a gold medal in the men's 800 metres—T53 race, and a silver medal in the men's 4 x 100 metre relay—T53-54 race. He raced at the 2008 Summer Paralympics and he won a silver medal in the men's 200 metres—T53 race, and a bronze medal in the men's 400 metres—T53 race. + += = = 2004 Summer Paralympics = = = +The 2004 Summer Paralympics were in Athens, Greece. They were the twelfth Paralympics. It is thought that around 4,000 athletes took part in these games. Athletes with learning difficulties were not allowed to take part in these games because it was difficult to test and find out what the disabilities were. + += = = Block (Internet) = = = +A block (known as UIB when referenced to being blocked from editing Wikipedia) is action taken to stop certain people having access to information. If a website activates a block based on the internet protocol address (IP address) of a user, that block can effect other users that share the address. Some blocked users try to get around the block by making a different account or using a proxy server. +Effects. +Blocked users may be completely unable to access all or part of a site's content, which is usually the case when censoring or filtering mechanisms are responsible for the block. Under a shadow ban, a user is given the false impression that their content is still being posted to the site, when in reality it is being hidden from all other users. + += = = FC Liefering = = = +FC Liefering is a football club from Liefering, a quarter of the Austrian city Salzburg. The club is playing in the Admiral Zweite Liga, the second level of Austrian football. +Before 2012, the club was called Red Bull Juniors. +History. +The former Red Bull Juniors are now playing together with USK Anif in the Regionalliga West, the highest amateur class in Austria. The licence of USK Anif was transferred to Liefering. In their first year Liefering played in the Regionalliga West and won the league. Their first year in the 2nd league was also successful, they finished 3rd. Since the promotion to 2nd league they finished almost each season in the upper half of the table. +The club also forms the backbone of the UEFA Youth League sqad of FC Red Bull Salzburg. +Current squad. +Former coaches. +Former players. + += = = Platform = = = +Platform may mean: + += = = Ocala, Florida = = = +Ocala is a city in Marion County, Florida. In 2020, the number of people recorded by the U.S. Census Bureau was 63,591. It is the county seat of Marion County, and the principal city of the Ocala, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area, which in the 2020 census had a population of 375,908. +History. +Ocala is found near the old site of Ocale or Ocali, a major Timucua village and chiefdom during the 16th century. The city of Ocala today borrowed the name from the village. The name is believed to mean "Big Hammock" in the Timucua language. Hernando de Soto passed through Ocale during his famous journey through what is today the southeastern United States in 1539. Ocale is not mentioned in any later accounts; it seems to have been abandoned in the wake of de Soto's attack. +In 1827 the U.S. army outpost of Fort King was built near the current site of Ocala as a buffer between Seminoles and white settlers. The fort saw service during the Second Seminole War and was later used as the first courthouse for Marion County in 1844. Fort King was the beginning of the current city of Ocala, which was established in 1846. Greater Ocala is known as the "Kingdom of the Sun". Rail service reached Ocala in June 1881, encouraging economic development. Two years later, much of the Ocala downtown area was destroyed by a fire on Thanksgiving Day, 1883. Buildings were rebuilt with brick, granite and steel rather than lumber. By 1888, Ocala was known state-wide as "The Brick City". +In December 1890, the Farmers' Alliance and Industrial Union, an early version of the Populist Party held its national meeting in Ocala. At the meeting, the Alliance adopted a platform that would become known as the "Ocala Demands". This platform included removal of national banks, low interest government loans, free and limitless coinage of silver, reclamation of excess railroad lands taken by the government, a graduated income tax, and direct election of United States senators. Most of the "Ocala Demands" were to become part of the Populist Party platform. +Ocala was an important center of citrus production until the Great Freeze of 1894-1895. +In the twentieth century, Ocala increased in fame as a center for tourism in Florida. Important attractions included the Silver Springs Nature Theme Park, Wild Waters water park, and the now-defunct Western-themed Six Gun Territory, all in nearby Silver Springs, Florida. (See Six Gun Territory Gallery.) Silver Springs is a nature theme park that surrounds the headwaters of the Silver River, the largest artesian spring formation in the world. +The first thoroughbred horse farm in Florida was created by Carl G. Rose in 1943. Earlier, in 1916, Rose had come to Florida from Indiana to oversee the first asphalt road ever constructed in the state. When he ran into problems with the asphalt, he tried to work with one of Florida's abundant resources: limestone. He also realized that the limestone would be a good source of nutrition for raising strong horses, so he took a gamble in 1943 and bought acreage along State Highway 200 at $10 per acre, which became Rosemere Farm. The next year one of his horses, Gornil, won at Miami's Tropical Park, making him the first Florida-raised thoroughbred to win a Florida race. Close on Rose's heels, the entrepreneur Bonnie Heath soon set up his own thoroughbred horse farm and produced the state's first Kentucky Derby winner. Both of these men have major highways named after them in Ocala. Bonnie Heath Farm is now owned and operated by his son Bonnie Heath, III, and his wife Kim. Rosemere Farm was sold long ago, and Ocala's Paddock Mall and Central Florida College were built on the site. +In 1956, the Ocala area Thoroughbred market received a raise when Needles became the first Florida-bred to win the Kentucky Derby. In 1978, Marion County-bred and -raised Affirmed won the Triple Crown. Today, Marion County is one of the major thoroughbred centers of the world, with over 1,200 horse farms in total and about 900 thoroughbred farms totaling some . Ocala is well known as the horse capital of the world, one of only five cities (four in the USA and one in France) allowed under Chamber of Commerce guidelines to use this title based on yearly money produced by the horse industry. There are some 44,000 jobs created by the breeding, training and related support brought about by the horse industry that generates over $2.2 billion in yearly money. Ocala and "Postime Farms" also support one of the biggest horse shows in the country. H.I.T.S or "Horses in the Sun" is a Dressage/Jumper event lasting about two months and brings with it some 6 to 7 million dollars to the local Marion county economy each year. There are over 100 different breeds aside from thoroughbreds including the Tennessee Walker, Paso Fino, Morgans, SaddleBreds, Drafts, and the American Quarter Horse. Other horse events in the area include cowboy mounted shooting by the Florida Outlaws, as well as endurance rides, barrel races, "extreme" cowboy events, jumper shows, trick shows, parades, draft pulls, and more. +Ocala began undergoing rapid growth in the 1970s with the development of the Interstate 75 and the founding of Disney World, located some southeast. +In the last decades of the twentieth century, the greater Ocala area experienced one of the highest growth rates in the country for a city its size. The population of Marion County in 2000 was over 250,000, up from under 100,000 in 1975. Much of the county's growth is attributable to the area's growing popularity as a retirement destination, primarily in two areas southwest and south of the city: the SR 200 corridor and The Villages, respectively. +Many historic homes are preserved in Ocala's large housing Historic District, established in 1984. A focus of this district is East Fort King Street, featuring many excellent examples of Victorian architecture. Ocala structures on the National Register of Historic Places include the Coca Cola Building, the E. C. Smith House, East Hall, the Marion Hotel, Mount Zion A.M.E. Church, the Ritz Historic Inn, and Union Train Station. +The original Fort King site itself was called a National Historic Landmark in 2004. +Government and Politics. +Ocala is governed by a five member board of councilors and a mayor, all of which are chosen without caring about their party. Its charter was written in the council-manager form, leaving the mayor with few powers other than refusing legislation passed by the council and tending to some duties involving the police department. The city manager handles most leadership and money issues. Although a small majority of the city's voters are Democrats, Ocala's politics match those of the rest of Marion County in that all of its elected legislators - with one exception - are registered Republicans. In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain carried both the city and the county, the second one by a landslide, even though they lost Florida as a whole to Barack Obama by a narrow margin. +Geography. +According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land. The surrounding farms are famous for their thoroughbred horses, in terrain similar to Kentucky bluegrass. Ocala is also known for nearby Silver Springs, Florida, site of one of the largest artesian spring formations in the world and Silver Springs Nature Theme Park, one of the earliest tourist attractions in Florida. +The long Ocklawaha River flows north from Central Florida until it joins the St. Johns River near Palatka, Florida. +Marion County is also home to the Ocala National Forest which was established in 1908 and is now the second largest national forest in the state. The Florida Trail, also known as the Florida National Scenic Trail, cuts through Ocala National Forest. +Silver River State Park was established in the early 1990s to preserve the areas around the Silver River to the east of Ocala near Silver Springs. +Weather. +Ocala has two main seasons: the dry season (October–May) and the wet season (June–September). During the dry season, there is almost endless sunshine with very little rain. In January, the morning low temperatures are often in the 30s and 40s, but the cloudless sunny weather typically warms the dry air up to near 70 by the afternoon. During the wet season, afternoon thunderstorms are a daily thing. These storms are often severe (unofficially, Ocala is known to have more cloud-to-ground lightning per square mile than any other city in the world). The typical morning low temperatures during the wet season are in the 70's and typical daytime high temperatures are in the 90s. Due to the city being relatively far away from the moderating influence of the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico, Ocala's summertime temperatures are often the highest in the state while winter temperatures are often the lowest compared to other cities on the peninsula. Also, Ocala's distance from the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico means the city has more days of sunshine than Florida's coastal cities. This is, in part, why the Ocala/Marion County area is called "the kingdom of the sun." The last snowfall of any significance fell on December 24, 1989, when the city was struck by an ice and snow storm. However, the morning of January 9, 2010, there was a dusting of snow on the ground in city center. A plume of record cold air mixed with moisture caused wintry precipitation to erupt across northern and central Florida. +Demographics. +As of the census of 2020, there were 63,591 people living in the city. There were 28,284 housing units, of which 25,531 were occupied (90.3%). The racial makeup of the city was 60.0% White, 19.3% African American, 0.3% Native American, 3.9% Asian, 5.3% from other races, and 11.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17.1% of the population. +Economy. +In 2022, the median income for a household in the city was about $44,756, and the median income for a family was about $53,917. The per capita income for the city was about $24,066. About 23.1% of people were below the poverty line, including 32.1% of those under age 18 and 19.4% of those age 65 or over. +Ocala is the headquarters of Emergency One, a worldwide designer and manufacturer of fire rescue vehicles. +Education. +Ocala is home to the College of Central Florida. It also has one of 21 campuses of Rasmussen College, an Higher Learning Commission regionally accredited post secondary institution. +Sports. +Ocala is home to Trinity Catholic High School, which holds the record for the longest high school football championship game in Florida history, going into triple overtime. +on January 6, 2011, the mayor declared January 6 as Trinity Catholic Celtics Day, in honor of this feat. +Ocala, Florida was home Belleview Bulldogs in the FCSL before it folded in 2008. It is also home to one of the largest youth football leagues in the state in the MCYFL. Ocala is hosting the regional events for the Junior League in the Little League World Series in August 2010. +All America City. +In 1995, Ocala was named an All-America City Award winner. +Sister cities. +Ocala has two sister cities: +Transportation. +Major roads. +Several major highways pass through Ocala, including Interstate 75, U.S. Highway 27, U.S. Route 301, and U.S. Highway 441. Ocala was on the western leg of the historic Dixie Highway. +Other transportation. +Ocala International Airport provides general aviation services to the community. Ocala Suntran provides bus service throughout select parts of the city. One of the major hubs for Suntran is the former Ocala Union Station, which served Amtrak trains until November 2004. +Fine arts. +Ocala is the home for the Ocala Symphony Orchestra. The Ocala Symphony Orchestra, Inc., a non-profit organization, began in 1975, when a group of musicians and citizens set out to create a symphonic orchestra for the area. In the fall of 1976 a four-concert subscription season was initiated - a format that continues to this day. The Ocala Symphony Orchestra was later incorporated in the State of Florida and recognized by the IRS as a 501c3 non-profit corporation. +Also, the Ocala Civic Theatre is located in Ocala, and it presents professional-quality, live productions at an affordable price. Ocala Civic Theatre produces more than twelve fully staged productions each season, in addition to hosting touring companies. The Theatre offers a year-round education program that reaches over 1000 students each year. Both skills classes and performance classes are offered to students ages 4–18. This volunteer-based organization is one of the largest community theaters in the state and serves more than 50,000 Marion, Citrus and Lake County residents each season. + += = = Islet = = = +Islets are small islands. Examples are Ortac in the English Channel and the Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea. + += = = Grand Ole Opry = = = +The Grand Ole Opry is a country music organization. It performs a concert every week and gives awards. The legendary Loretta lynn has been performing there for over 50 years. Also the famous Carrie Underwood has been playing there since 2006 and still plays there today. The type of music that they play is country music + += = = Russia at the Olympics = = = +Russia has been at the modern Olympic Games many times. They have been called different nations. As the Russian Empire, they were first at the 1900 Games. They returned again in 1908 and 1912. After the Russian revolution in 1917, and the establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922, they were not at the Olympics again until the 1952 Summer Olympics. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia competed as part of the Unified Team in 1992. They returned once again as "Russia" at the 1994 Winter Olympics. +The Soviet Union hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. Russia will host the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. +Since 2012, Russian athletes have won a total of 404 medals (399 since 1994) at the Summer Olympic Games. They have another 91 at the Winter Olympic Games. Over the most recent ten Games (since 1994), Russia's 495 total medals, including 170 gold medals, are second only to the United States (with 631 and 237, respectively). +The Russian Olympic Committee was formed in 1991 and recognized in 1993. + += = = Neil Lennon = = = +Neil Francis Lennon (born 25 June 1971) is a football manager and former player from Northern Ireland. He is the manager and former captain of Celtic. +During his playing career he represented English clubs Manchester City, Crewe Alexandra and Leicester City before moving to Scottish club Celtic where he made over 200 appearances as a midfielder. Before retiring as a player, he returned to England to represent Nottingham Forest and Wycombe Wanderers. +Lennon made 40 appearances for Northern Ireland in nine years, scoring two goals. +Honours. +Player. +Crewe Alexandra +Leicester City +Celtic +Nottingham Forest +Individual +Manager. +Celtic +Hibernian +Omonia + += = = Advanced Light Source = = = +The Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California is a synchrotron light source. It was built from 1987 to 1993. 210 scientists and staff currently work there. +The ALS is a national user facility. The ALS makes intense light for scientific and technological research. It is one of the world's brightest sources of ultraviolet and soft x-ray beams. Each year over 2000 researchers go to the ALS from universities, industries, and government laboratories around the world. ALS is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences. +The ALS has over forty beamlines. They do a wide range of science at the same time as each other. Any qualified scientist can ask to use the ALS beamlines. Proposals are reviewed by others. The proposals which most people agree on are allowed to use the ALS. The ALS does not charge money to use if the user's research is made public. +The Advanced Light Source's current director is Roger Falcone. +History. +Physicists in Berkeley California began working on accelerating subatomic particles in the 1920s. In 1929, Ernest O. Lawrence built the first cyclotron to accelerate subatomic particles. During World War II, a laboratory there was a part of the Manhattan Project. They were given money from the military. In 1942, Lawrence hired Arthur Brown, Jr. (designer of the Coit Tower in San Francisco) to design a new round building to hold Lawrence's new 4.67 m (184 in) cyclotron. That building, with expansions, is the one which the ALS is in today. The laboratory was a part of the United States Atomic Energy Commission until 1977 when it was moved to the U.S. Department of Energy. +Physicists kept on improving particle accelerators by increasing their energy. The designers wanted higher energy to study smaller building blocks of matter. From the start, physicists realized that as charged particles spun around, they gave off electromagnetic radiation. In the early 1950s, other scientists started to use this radiation for experiments unrelated to the "atom smashing" collisions that were the primary goal of the machines. Particle accelerators shifted from cyclotrons to synchrotrons where the particles traveled in a circle rather than in a spiral path. Construction costs increased as synchrotrons got bigger to the point that many nations joined to build just one very big synchrotron in Europe (CERN) to conduct atom smashing experiments. Other synchrotron labs, such as the Lawrence Berkeley Lab did not have enough energy to discover new particles. So, they switched to using their machines as a source of electromagnetic radiation. Instead of tuning the machine to make particles travel faster, they learned how to wiggle the particle beam to give off particular frequencies of light. In the 1980s and 1990s, scientists wanted to redesign synchrotrons to generate brighter light (more intense electromagnetic radiation) than ever before. These designs were called "third generation synchrotrons." The ALS was the first third generation synchrontron put into operation. +When the Advanced Light Source was first proposed in the early 1980s by former Lawrence Berkeley Lab director David Shirley, skeptics dubbed it "Shirley's Temple" and doubted the use of a synchrotron tuned to make soft x-rays and ultraviolet light. According to former ALS director Daniel Chemla, "The scientific case for a third-generation soft x-ray facility such as the ALS had always been fundamentally sound. However, getting the larger scientific community to believe it was an uphill battle" +In the 1987 Reagan administration budget, President Ronald Reagan allocated $1.5 million for the construction of the Advanced Light Source. + += = = Undulator = = = +An undulator is an insertion device from high-energy physics and usually part of a larger installation, a synchrotron storage ring. It is a periodic structure of dipole magnets. A static magnetic field is alternating along the length of the undulator with a wavelength formula_1. Electrons traversing the periodic magnet structure are forced to oscillate. So the electrons give off energy as electronmagnetic radiation. The radiation produced in an undulator is very intense and concentrated in narrow energy bands in the spectrum. The light beam is also collimated on the orbit plane of the electrons. This radiation is guided through beamlines for experiments in various scientific areas. +The important dimensionless parameter +formula_2 +where "e" is the particle charge, "B" is the magnetic field, "formula_3", "formula_4" is the electron rest mass and "c" is the speed of light, characterizes the nature of the electron motion. For formula_5 the oscillation amplitude of the motion is small and the radiation displays interference patterns which lead to narrow energy bands. If formula_6 the oscillation amplitude is bigger and the radiation contributions from each field period sum up independently, leading to a broad energy spectrum. When K is much bigger than 1, the device is no longer called an "undulator"; it is called a wiggler. +Physicist think about undulators both using classical physics and relativity. This means that though the precision calculation is tedious the undulator can be seen as a black box. An electron enters this box and an electromagnetic pulse exits through a small exit slit. The slit should be small enough so that only the main cone passes, so that the side lobes may be ignored. +Undulators can provide hundreds of time more magnetic flux than a simple bending magnet and as such are in high demand at synchrotron radiation facilities. For an undulator that repeat N times (N periods), the brightness can be up to formula_7 more than a bending magnet. The intensity is enhanced up to a factor of N at harmonic wavelengths due to the constructive interference of the fields emitted during the N radiation periods. The usual pulse is a sine wave with some envelope. The second factor of N comes from the reduction of the emission angle associated with these harmonics, which is reduced in proportion to 1/N. When the electrons come with half the period, they interfere destructively. So, the undulator stays dark. The same is true if the electrons come as a bead chain. Because the bunch of electron spreads out the more times that they travel around the synchrotron, physicists want to design new machines that throw out the electron bunches before they have a chance to spread out. This change will produced more useful synchrotron radiation. +The polarization of the emitted radiation can be controlled by using permanent magnets to induce different periodic electron trajectories through the undulator. If the oscillations are confined to a plane the radiation will be linearly polarized. If the oscillation trajectory is helical, the radiation will be circularly polarized, with the handedness determined by the helix. +If the electrons follow the Poisson distribution, a partial interference leads to a linear increase in intensity. +In the free-electron laser the intensity increases exponentially with the number of electrons. +Physicists measure an undulator's effectiveness in terms of spectral radiance. +History. +The first undulator was built by Hans Motz and his coworkers at Stanford in 1953. One of their undulators produced the first ever coherent infrared radiation. Their total frequency range was from visible light down to millimeter waves. The Russian physicist V.L. Ginzburg showed that undulators could be made in principle in a 1947 paper. +Other websites. +D. T. Attwood's page at Berkeley: Soft X-Rays and Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation . His lecture and viewgraphs are available online. + += = = Storytime = = = +"Storytime" is a song by Finnish symphonic metal band Nightwish. The song was written by keyboardist Tuomas Holopainen, who also created the band. It was the lead single from the band's seventh studio album "Imaginaerum" (2011). "Storytime" has vocals by the vocalist of Nightwish, Anette Olzon. The single was released on November 9, 2011 from Nuclear Blast with mostly positive reviews from music journalists. +The song is about human expressions through folklore tales such as "Peter Pan" and "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland". It also talks about Gaia, a mythical Greek Earth goddess, in the song. A music video was released to promote "Storytime" in November 2011, it features the entire band playing their instruments in a "fantasy" world. After the single's release on radios, it peaked at number-one on the Finnish Singles Chart and peaked within the top 5 in Spain, Hungary, and the United Kingdom. + += = = Imaginaerum = = = +Imaginaerum is the seventh album by the Finnish symphonic metal group Nightwish. It is their second album with Swedish vocalist Anette Olzon. A movie of the same name was released in 2012. The movie has songs from the album in it. The album was No.1 in Finland. + += = = Anette Olzon = = = +Anette Ingegerd Olsson (born 21 June 1971) better known as Anette Olzon (married name Blyckert) is a Swedish singer. She is the current lead singer of the Finnish symphonic metal group Nightwish. She used to be the lead singer of Aylson Avenue. + += = = Romania at the Olympics = = = +Romania at the Olympics is a history which began in 1900. +The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Romania was RUM. It is now ROU. +History. +A team from Romania was first at the Olympic Games in 1900. They had only one participant. The National Olympic Committee for Romania is the "Romanian Olympic and Sports Committee". It was formed and recognized in 1914. The nation first sent a team to the Games in 1924. They have been to each of the Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games since then except for two times. Notably, Romania was the lone Eastern Bloc nation to participate at the 1984 Summer Olympics, which the other nations boycotted. That was also Romania's most successful Olympic Games: they won 20 gold medals and 53 medals total. +Romanian athletes have won a total of 293 medals, with gymnastics as the top medal-producing sport. + += = = Serbia at the Olympics = = = +Serbia was first at the Olympic Games in 1912. After 96 years, Serbia returned to the Olympics as an independent team at the 2008 Summer Olympics. From 1920 to the 1992 Winter Olympics Serbian athletes were part of the Yugoslavian team. At the 1992 Summer Olympics they took part as Independent Olympic Participants. This was because the United Nations was threatening to punish Serbia. Because of this, no Serbians were at the 1994 Winter Olympics. The threats stopped in 1995. From the 1996 Summer Olympics to the 2006 Winter Olympics they were part of the Serbia and Montenegro team. +Flagbearers. + += = = Slovakia at the Olympics = = = +Slovakia was first at the Olympic Games in 1994. They have been in every Games since then. Before Czechoslovakia broke up in 1993, Slovak athletes competed for Czechoslovakia at the Olympics. +Slovak athletes have won twenty medals altogether at the Summer Olympic Games. These were mostly for canoeing. The nation has also won four medals at the Winter Olympic Games. +The National Olympic Committee for Slovakia was made in 1992 and recognized in 1993. + += = = Slovenia at the Olympics = = = +Slovenia was first an independent nation at the Olympic Games in 1992. They have been in every Games since then. Prior to the breakup of Yugoslavia, Slovenian athletes were part of Yugoslavia at the Olympics. +The National Olympic Committee for Slovenia was formed in 1991 and recognized in 1993. Slovenian athletes have won a total of fifteen medals at the Summer Olympic Games and another seven at the Winter Olympic Games. + += = = Sweden at the Olympics = = = +Sweden was first at the Olympic Games at the inaugural 1896 Games. They have been in every Games since then with one exception for the 1904 Summer Olympics. Sweden has earned medals at all Olympic games except for two, the 1896 Games and the 1904 Games. +Sweden hosted the Games on one occasion, the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm. The equestrian events of the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne were held in Stockholm, due to quarantine reasons. +Swedish athletes have a total of 475 medals at the Summer Olympic Games, and another 118 at the Winter Olympic Games. +The International Olympic Committee had Swedish officer and sports instructor Viktor Balck as one of its original members. The Swedish Olympic Committee was formed and recognized in 1913. +Sweden's Olympic Games bids. +Swedish Winter Olympic Games bids. +2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018 Winter Games bids were declared non-finished applications by the Swedish Olympic Committee, due lack of political support from the Swedish government. The reason has been that the bidding is financially insecure for the Swedish society as a nation. 2018 Winter Olympic Games bids were promised support by the former government, but when the new government was elected, the bid was withdrawn. Östersund and Åre were the only applicant cities. + += = = Scarlet fever = = = +Scarlet fever is an infectious disease that is caused by bacteria. It is caused by exotoxin released by Streptococcus pyogenes. It was once a major cause of death. It is now treated with antibiotics. The term scarlatina can be used to mean scarlet fever. Scarlatina is a lesser form of scarlet fever. At the early times, this disease could not be cured and this was a common reason for death in that time which applies to many famous people of the world. + += = = RTI Colombia = = = +RTI Colombia (Radio Televisión Interamericana - in Spanish; Inter-American Radio and Television) is a Colombian television production company. Many of its series are co-produced with Telemundo, their strategic partner from the United States whose owner is NBC. + += = = Irish House of Lords = = = +Irish House of Lords was the upper chamber of the Irish Parliament from its creation in the thirteenth century to its abolition in 1800-1801. It was made up of the barons and clergy of the island. After the reformation the clergy in the Lords came from the Church of Ireland. + += = = Henry Grattan = = = +Henry Grattan (3 July 1746 – 6 June 1820) was an Irish politician. He was a member of the Irish House of Commons. He wanted changes such as Catholic Emancipation and more self government for the kingdom. He did not believe that Ireland and Great Britain should become a single country. He was one of the people who were most important in creating the constitution of 1782. This gave Ireland self-government. He was also important in ending Poynings law of 1494 and the Declaratory Act of 1720. + += = = Turkey at the Olympics = = = +Turkey sent athletes to the Olympic Games for the first time in 1908. It has sent athletes to of the Summer Olympic Games since then. Turkey has been a part of most Winter Olympic Games since their first in 1936. Turkish athletes have won a total of 82 medals. They have won 37 golds, 23 silvers and 22 bronzes. Turkey won the most medals in wrestling. +The National Olympic Committee for Turkey was created in 1908. It was accepted by the IOC in 1911. Istanbul wants to host the 2020 Summer Olympics. + += = = Ukraine at the Olympics = = = +Ukraine sent athletes to the Olympic Games for the first time as an independent nation in 1994. It has sent athletes to every Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games since then. +Before 1994, Ukrainian athletes were a part of the Soviet Union at the Olympics from 1952 to 1988. After the Soviet Union ended, Ukraine was part of the Unified Team in 1992. +Ukraine has won a total of 116 medals at the Summer Games and five at the Winter Games. Gymnastics has been the nation's best sport. +The National Olympic Committee of Ukraine was created in 1990. It was accepted by the International Olympic Committee in 1993. + += = = Serbia and Montenegro at the Olympics = = = +The former state union of Serbia and Montenegro sent athletes to the Olympic Games seven times between 1992 and 2006. After that, Montenegro and Serbia became separate countries. +History. +Yugoslavia had sent athletes to every Summer Olympic Games from 1920–1988. They sent athletes to all but two Winter Olympic Games between 1924–1988. Because of the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991 and 1992, their part in the Olympics changed. Croatia and Slovenia sent their own athletes to the 1992 Winter Olympics. The team from Yugoslavia was made up of athletes from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. This was the last Games for the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. +The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was created in April 1992. It included the Republic of Montenegro and the Republic of Serbia. In May of 1992, the United Nations Security Council said that all nations should not let the FR of Yugoslavia take part in any international sports. The International Olympic Committee said that athletes from Serbia and Montenegro (and also Macedonia) could still take part in the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. The athletes had to be Independent Olympic Participants (IOP), wear plan white clothing and use the Olympic Anthem and Olympic flag during the events. They could not be a part of the opening and closing ceremonies of the games. +A team of 52 athletes took part in events. They won three medals in shooting. The athletes could only take part in the game as individuals. No teams were allowed. This meant that the men's water polo team, the women's basketball team, and the men's and women's handball teams could not compete. +No athletes were allowed to take part in any way in the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer. The country was allowed to send athletes to the next Olympiad. +At the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, the team of 68 athletes took part in 13 sports and won four medals. In Sydney for the 2000 Summer Olympics, the "Yugoslavia" team had 111 athletes in 14 sports and won three medals. +In 2003, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia became the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. The nation was named "Serbia and Montenegro" (SCG) for the first time at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. The team of 87 athletes competed in 14 sports and won two silver medals. +In 2006, the state union ended. Each nation became independent. The NOC for Serbia and Montenegro became the Olympic Committee of Serbia in June 2006. The Montenegrin Olympic Committee was accepted by the IOC in July 2007. +Montenegro and Serbia participated independently for the first time at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. + += = = Magnetic flux = = = +Magnetic flux is a measure of the magnetic field lines passing through a surface, such as a loop of wire. The magnetic flux through a closed surface such as a sphere is always zero, because the magnetic field lines going into the closed surface are balanced by field lines coming out. +It is the alignment of electrons in the atomic shells of ferromagnets and the “spinning” electrons in electromagnets, that provides a material with it’s magnetism. +The SI unit of magnetic flux is the Weber (Wb; in derived units, volt-seconds). The CGS unit is the Maxwell. +Magnetic flux is sometimes used by electrical engineers designing systems with electromagnets or designing dynamos. Physicists designing particle accelerators also calculate magnetic flux. + += = = Emperor Tenji = = = +, also known as Emperor Tenchi, was the 38th Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign started in 661 and ended in 671. +Traditional narrative. +Before he became the monarch, his personal name ("imina") was . +He was the son of Emperor Jomei. +Events of Tenji's life. +Prince Naka no Ōe was made heir apparent and Crown Prince in 661. +Prince Ōtomo (Ōtomo"-shinnō") was the favorite son of Emperor Tenji; and he was also the first to be accorded the title of "Daijō-daijin." +Tenji improved the military forces which had been established during the Taika reforms. +After his death. +The actual site of Tenji's grave is known. This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine ("misasagi") at Yamashina-ku, Kyoto. +The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Tenji's mausoleum. It is formally named "Yamashina no misasagi". + += = = Fess Parker = = = +Fess Elisha Parker, Jr. (August 16, 1924 – March 18, 2010), was an American actor. +Career. +His first movie was "Harvey" (1950) with James Stewart. Over the years, he worked on movies with many well known actors. These include Gary Cooper, Bob Hope, Jeff Chandler and Steve McQueen. +Fess Parker work for Disney on two movies about Davy Crockett In 1964, NBC hired him to do a television series about Daniel Boone. The series was about the Boone and his fights against the Indians and the redcoats in the American Revolution. The cast of the series included of Patricia Blair as Rebecca Boone, Albert Salmi as Yadkin, Ed Ames as Mingo, Roosevelt Grier as Gabe Cooper and Darby Hinton is Israel Boone. 159 episodes were made between 1964-1970. + += = = Soviet Union at the Olympics = = = +The Soviet Union sent athletes to the Olympic Games for the first time in 1952. They sent teams to the Games 18 simes since then. At seven of its nine times at the Summer Olympic Games, the team ranked first in the total number of medals won. It was ranked second at the other two Games. The team was ranked first in the medal count seven times and second twice in nine times they sent teams to the Winter Olympic Games. +"The Olympic Committee of the USSR" was created on April 21, 1951. It was accepted by the IOC on May 7, 1951. +The 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki was first Olympic Games for Soviet athletes. On July 20, 1952, the first Olympic gold medal for the country was won by Nina Romashkova in the women's discus throw. Romashkova set the new Olympic record in the event. The 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo were the first Winter Olympic Games for Soviet athletes. The first Winter Olympic gold medal for the Soviet Union was won by Lyubov Kozyreva in women's cross-country skiing 10 km event. +The USSR was the host nation for the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. These Games were boycotted by the United States and many other countries. After this, the USSR led a boycott of the 1984 Games in Los Angeles. +The USSR ended on December 26, 1991. "The Olympic Committee of the USSR" did not end until March 12, 1992. +In 1992, 12 of the 15 countries that had been part of the Soviet Union took part in the Games as the Unified Team. They used the Olympic Flag in the Barcelona Games. The Unified Team finished first in the medal rankings. The Unified Team also competed at the Albertville Winter Games earlier in the year. Only seven of the twelve countries took part. They finished second in the medal ranking at those Games. + += = = To Catch a Predator = = = +To Catch a Predator is a television program designed to catch adults trying to have sex with children below the age of 16. People were lured to meet with a decoy under the pretense of sexual contact and then confronted. Show host Chris Hansen clarified in an interview with NPR News that these subjects should be labeled as potential sexual predators, and not pedophiles. "Pedophiles have a very specific definition, people who are interested in prepubescent sex," he stated. +The series premiered in November 2004, and featured 12 investigations in total held across the United States. The investigations were conducted as undercover sting operations with the help of on-line watchdog group Perverted-Justice. Since the third installment, law enforcement and other officials were also involved, leading to the arrests of most individuals caught. No new episodes have aired since December 2007. +Rockwall County, Texas assistant district attorney Louis Conradt was caught sending pictures and messages to who he thought was a 13-year-old boy but was decoy from Perverted-Justice. When they tried to do a search warrant to his house, Conradt would commit suicide by shooting himself while the police and NBC crew were entering his house. The show would be cancelled afterwards. +NBC affiliates WTMJ in Milwaukee, KSHB in Kansas City and WBRE have also done local versions of "To Catch a Predator". Various spin-offs have aired in the same format, including "To Catch a Con Man", "To Catch an ID Thief", "To Catch a Car Thief" and "To Catch an i-Jacker", which featured iPod thieves. "To Catch a Predator" is also aired on FX and Crime & Investigation Network in the United Kingdom, the Crime & Investigation Network in Australia and New Zealand and FOX Crime in Portugal. +Later in 2016, Chris Hansen would host a similar segment called "Hansen vs. Predator" during episodes of "Crime Watch Daily". + += = = Jahbulon = = = +Jahbulon (or Jabulon) is a word, or a confection of three syllables, that was used in the past in some rituals of certain parts of Masonry. It is also said to be used in Ordo Templi Orientis rituals. +The origin and meaning of this word are not completely known. Different groups think the word means different things. Even Masonic researchers do not all agree to what the word means or where it came from. One Masonic scholar says that the word was first used in an early 18th century Royal Arch ritual. He said it was the name of an explorer looking for King Solomon's Temple. Another Masonic scholar thinks it is a name for God in Hebrew. The most used Masonic explanation is that it is a word that comes from putting together parts of the name of God in different historic languages. +Writers who are not Masons, especially those against Masonry, have said that it is a Masonic name for God. Some say it is the name of a unique "Masonic God". Freemasonry's officials have said many times that "There is no separate Masonic God". They have also said that there is no separate proper name for a deity in any branch of Freemasonry. This meaning of the word has caused many religious groups to argue about and condemn Freemasonry. In England, no ritual with the name has been in official Masonic use since February 1989. Stephen Knights, author of The Brotherhood:The Secret World of the Freemasons, says it is a trinity composed of three ancient Middle Eastern Gods, Jah, God of the Jews, Baal, God of the Phoenicians, and On, an Egyptian God. +After persistent strong criticism in the popular press, the Supreme Grand Chapter of England excised the word from its Royal Arch ritual in 1989, and replaced it with a choice between two forms of the tetragrammaton. + += = = Yugoslavia at the Olympics = = = +Yugoslavia sent athletes to the Olympic Games for the first time in 1920. Before this, several athletes from Croatia, Slovenia and Vojvodina were on the Olympic teams of Austria or Hungary when those countries were part of the Empire of Austria-Hungary. A small team of two athletes been sent from the Serbia to the 1912 Summer Olympics. +"Yugoslavia" has been the name for Olympic teams from three distinct nations: +Two of the nations that were at one time part of Yugoslavia, (Croatia and Slovenia), started sending their own teams to the Olympics at the 1992 Winter Olympics. As of the 2008 Summer Olympics, all six former parts of Yugoslavia were sending their own teams to the Games. +Medal tables. +These tables do not include "Yugoslavia" teams representing the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro). + += = = Sex linkage = = = +Sex linkage is a term in genetics. It applies to alleles (forms of a gene) on the X chromosome. +In mammals, which have an XX/XY system of sex determination, the X chromosome has many more genes than the Y chromosome. This explains the inheritance of such conditions as colour blindness and haemophilia. They are caused by recessive alleles, and usually do not show the condition in females. This is because those females carrying the mutant are most likely to be heterozygous for the allele. However, if the mutant allele is carried by a male, the condition will develop, because his X chromosome has the mutant allele, but his Y chromosome has no allele at that locus. +Related terms. +Sex-linked characters controlled by genes on sex chromosomes are not the only kind of sex-related characters. +Sex-influenced traits. +Sex-influenced or sex-conditioned traits are phenotypes affected by whether they appear in a male or female body. Even in a homozygous female the condition may not be expressed fully. Example: baldness in humans. +Sex-limited traits. +These are characters only expressed in one sex. They may be caused by genes on either autosomal or sex chromosomes. Examples: female sterility in "Drosophila"; and polymorphism in insects, especially in relation to mimicry. Closely linked genes on autosomes called "supergenes" are often responsible for the latter. + += = = Telenovela = = = +A telenovela, or simply novela, is a serial drama television program. It is popular in Latin American, Portuguese, and Spanish television programming. Telenovelas are different from soap operas, because unlike soap operas, telenovelas have an ending and do not run for many years. They usually come to an end after one television season (which is usually less than one year) or at most two television seasons (which is less than two years). Telenovelas rarely run more than two seasons. The telenovela combines drama with the 19th century "feuilleton" and the Latin American radionovela. They are often used to give cultural messages by adding them into storylines. +Because the telenovela is similar to the American soap opera, the telenovela is often called a "Spanish soap opera" in the United States. While most English language soap operas have no ending, almost all telenovelas run for a limited time. They are usually shown five or six days a week and run for an average of 120 episodes. + += = = Arriva London = = = +Arriva London is a bus company. It is a division of Arriva, which operates services in Greater London. It is made up of Grey Green, Leaside Buses and London Country bus operations. +Operations are split between two registered companies, Arriva London North Limited and Arriva London South Limited. +Arriva London North Limited. +Arriva London North Limited operates nine bus garages. +Arriva London South Limited. +Arriva London South Limited operate four bus garages. + += = = Harold Camping = = = +Harold Egbert Camping (July 19, 1921 – December 15, 2013) was an American Christian radio broadcaster. His parents were Dutch immigrants. He served as president of Family Radio, a California-based radio station group that broadcasts to more than 150 markets in the United States, since 1958. In 2011 he retired from active broadcasting following a stroke, but maintained a role at Family Radio until his death. Camping is notable for applying numerology to his interpretations of Bible passages in an attempt to predict dates for the End Times. +His 2011 end times prediction was that on May 21, 2011 Jesus Christ would return to Earth, the righteous would fly up to heaven, and that there would follow five months of fire, brimstone and plagues on Earth, with millions of people dying each day, culminating on October 21, 2011 with the end of the world. He had previously predicted judgment days on May 21, 1988, and September 6, 1994. +His prediction for May 21, 2011 was widely reported, in part because of a massive publicity campaign by Family Radio, and it prompted responses from both atheist and Christian organizations. After May 21 passed without the predicted incidents, Camping said he believed that a "spiritual" judgment had occurred on that date, and that the physical Rapture would occur on October 21, 2011, simultaneously with the destruction of the universe by God. Except for one press appearance on May 23, 2011, Camping largely avoided press interviews after May 21, particularly after he suffered a stroke in June. October 21, 2011, passed without the predicted apocalypse, leading the International Business Times to proclaim Camping a "false prophet." +Camping was reported to have retired from his position at Family Radio as of October 16, 2011, only days before his last predicted date for the end of the world. However, his daughter later clarified that he had not retired outright, but was maintaining a role at the Family Radio while working from home. Camping admitted in a private interview that he no longer believed that anybody could know the time of the Rapture or the end of the world, in stark contrast to his previously staunch position on the subject. + += = = Santana Formation = = = +The Santana Formation is a high quality fossil site in Brazil 115 to 108 million years ago (mya). It is in northeastern Brazil's Araripe Basin. It qualifies as a Lagerstätte, which means it is one of the best fossil sites, with many undisturbed fossils. +The strata come from the Lower Cretaceous, laid down about 92 million years ago in a shallow inland sea. +Some 25 species of fish are found, many with stomach contents preserved. This lets palaeontologists study predator–prey relationships in the ecosystem. There are also fine examples of pterosaurs, reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates (especially insects) and plants. Even dinosaurs are found here: a new maniraptor was described in 1996. +Limestone nodules formed around dead organisms; this preserved even the soft parts of their anatomy. The limestone was etched away using a mild acid. The fossils were then preserved by the 'transfer technique' which means they were embedded in a plastic resin such as polyester or epoxy. +The nearby Crato Formation is also a lagerstätte. It was produced in similar conditions, about 10 million years before the Santana Formation. +Notable taxa. +Various remains of non-avian theropods, avialans, ornithischians, and possibly oviraptorosaurs have been found in Estado do Ceara, Brazil. Examples are spinosaurs like "Irritator" and maniraptors like "Santanaraptor". +"Ornithocheirus" and "Tupuxuara" are examples. The inland sea also had turtles, such as "Santanachelys". + += = = Coit Tower = = = +Coit Tower is a tower in the Telegraph Hill neighborhood of San Francisco, California. The tower, in the city's Pioneer Park, was built in 1933. Lillie Hitchcock Coit left one-third of her estate to the city "to be expended in an appropriate manner for the purpose of adding to the beauty of the city which I have always loved". +The art deco tower is made of unpainted reinforced concrete. Architects Arthur Brown, Jr. and Henry Howard designed it. The tower has fresco murals by 27 different on-site artists and their assistants, plus two additional paintings installed after creation off-site. +The tower was not designed to resemble a fire hose nozzle, despite Coit's affinity with the San Francisco firefighters of the day, in particular with Knickerbocker Engine Company Number 5. + += = = Fiat Tempra = = = +The Fiat Tempra is a car made by Fiat. It replaced the Fiat Regata in 1990, and were replaced by the Fiat Marea in 1996. + += = = Leonor Piuza = = = +Leonor Piuza (born 14 April 1978) is a Mozambican runner. She is best in the 800 meter runs. +Piuza won the gold medal at the 2007 All-Africa Games and finished sixth at the 2008 African Championships. She also competed at the 2006 Commonwealth Games. +Piuza's personal best time is 2:01.71 minutes. She got this in June 2007 in Villefranche-sur-Saône. + += = = Ōmi Code = = = +The , also known as the Asuka Kiyomihara Code, are Japanese laws which were written in 668-672. The code was created by Fujiwara no Kamatari. +The Ōmi Code was 22 volumes long. It was put into effect in the last year of Emperor Tenji's reign. This code was an early version of the Taihō Code of 701. + += = = Lake Charles, Louisiana = = = +Lake Charles is the most populous city in the southwest Louisiana. It is the second most populous city in the Acadiana (after Lafayette). It is the fifth most populous city in the U.S. state of Louisiana (after New Orleans, Baton Rouge, Shreveport and Lafayette). The actual population is about 85,000. The city was founded as Charleston, March 7, 1861. The name was changed to Lake Charles on March 16, 1867. The city was founded by and named for Charles Sallier. + += = = Empress Jitō = = = + was the 41st Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. +Jitō's reign started in 686 and ended in 697. Historians consider details about the life of Empress Jitō to be possibly legendary, but probable. The name Jitō"-tennō" was created for him posthumously by later generations. +The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty. +In the history of Japan, Jitō was the third of eight women to be empress. The two female monarchs before Jitō were (a) Suiko and (b) Kōgyoku/Saimei. The five women monarchs after Jitō were (c) Gemmei, (d) Genshō, (e) Kōken/Shōtoku, (f) Meishō, and (g) Go-Sakuramachi. +Traditional narrative. +Before she became the monarch, this princess's personal name ("imina") was , or alternately Uno. +Princess Uno was the daughter of Emperor Tenji and she was the wife of Emperor Temmu, who was Tenji's brother. +Events of Jitō's life. +In this period, the court and the government was centered at Fujiwara Palace in Yamato. +After her death. +The actual site of Jitō's grave is known. This empress is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine ("misasagi") at Nara. +The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Jitō's mausoleum. It is formally named "Ochi-no-Okanoe no misasagi". +Poetry. +The "Man'yōshū" includes a waka poem said to have been composed by Jitō + += = = Emperor Go-Murakami = = = + (1328 – 29 March 1368) was the 97th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign started in September 1339 and ended on 29 March 1368.. +This 14th century sovereign was named after the 10th century Emperor Murakami and "go-" (�), translates literally as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Murakami". The Japanese word "go" has also been translated to mean the "second one"; and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Murakami, the second", or as "Murakami II". +Traditional narrative. +His personal name was , also known as Yoshiyoshi. +He reigned from Sumiyoshi, Ōsaka, Yoshino, Nara, and other temporary locations. +Events of Go-Murakami's life. +Prince Noriyoshi was a member of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period of rival courts. +After his death. +According to the Imperial Household Agency, the mausoleum ("misasagi") of Go-Murakami is in Osaka Prefecture. The emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine in the precincts of Kanshinji temple (���) in Kawachinagano, Osaka. +Eras of Go-Murakami's reign. +The years of Go-Murakami's reign are more identified by more than one era name. + += = = Almayer's Folly = = = +Almayer's Folly is Joseph Conrad's first novel. It was published in 1895. Set in the late 19th century, it centers on the life of the Dutch trader Kaspar Almayer in the Borneo jungle and his relationship to his half-caste daughter Nina. +Plot. +Kaspar Almayer is a young Dutch trader cared for by rich Captain Lingard. Hoping to gain Lingard's wealth, Almayer agrees to a loveless marriage to Lingard's adopted Malay child and to running his trading post in Sambir in the Borneo jungle. Lingard loses much of his fortune searching for a hidden treasure. Meanwhile, Almayer's ventures constantly fail, most notably an expensive trading house, the "Almayer's Folly," that no one trades in. He did seem to enjoy dancing. +A daughter named Nina was born to Almayer and his wife. The rest of the novel concerns Almayer's conflicting wishes: his love for Nina, his effort at keeping her from her mother's Malay influence, and his desire for money and self-redemption. +Dain, a Malay prince, arrives at Sambir. Almayer tries to enlist Dain's help to find the treasure long sought by Lingard. Instead, Dain marries Nina and leaves Sambir with her, against Almayer's wishes. The loss of Nina and any prospect of wealth stuns Almayer. He spends the rest of his days in the empty trading house as his sanity slips away. +Criticism. +As Conrad's earliest novel, "Almayer's Folly" is often seen by critics as inferior to the author's later work because of its repetitive and at times awkward language. However, recent critics have paid more attention to Conrad's depiction of Nina as a self-determined female non-European character along with Aissa from Joseph Conrad's second novel, "An Outcast of the Islands". +Movie. +Filming started in November 2010 for a French-Belgian adaptation by Chantal Akerman. + += = = Surface integral = = = +In mathematics, a surface integral is a definite integral taken over a surface (which may be a curve set in space). Just as a line integral allows one to integrate over an arbitrary curve (of one dimension), a surface integral can be thought of as a double integral integrating over a two-dimensional surface. Given a surface, one may integrate over its scalar fields (that is, functions which return numbers as values), or its vector fields (that is, functions which return vectors as values). +Surface integrals have applications in physics, particularly with the classical theory of electromagnetism. +Surface integrals of scalar fields. +Consider a surface "S" on which a scalar field "f" is defined. If one thinks of "S" as made of some material, and for each x in "S" the number "f"(x) is the density of material at x, then the surface integral of "f" over "S" is the mass per unit thickness of "S". (This is only true if the surface is an infinitesimally thin shell.) +One approach to calculating the surface integral is then to split the surface in many very small pieces, assume that the density is approximately constant on each piece, find the mass per unit thickness of each piece (by multiplying the density of the piece by its area), and then sum up the resulting numbers to find the total mass per unit thickness of "S". +To find an explicit formula for the surface integral, mathematicians parametrize "S" by considering on "S" a system of curvilinear coordinates, like the latitude and longitude on a sphere. Let such a parametrization be x("s", "t"), where ("s", "t") varies in some region "T" in the plane. Then, the surface integral is given by +where the expression between bars on the right-hand side is the magnitude of the cross product of the partial derivatives of x("s", "t"). +For example, to find the surface area of some general functional shape, say formula_2, we have +where formula_4. So that formula_5, and formula_6. So, +which is the formula used for the surface area of a general functional shape. One can recognize the vector in the second line above as the normal vector to the surface. +Note that because of the presence of the cross product, the above formulas only work for surfaces embedded in three dimensional space. +Surface integrals of vector fields. +Consider a vector field v on "S", that is, for each x in "S", v(x) is a vector. +The surface integral can be defined component-wise according to the definition of the surface integral of a scalar field; the result is a vector. For example, this applies to the electric field at some fixed point due to an electrically charged surface, or the gravity at some fixed point due to a sheet of material. It can also calculate the magnetic flux through a surface. +Alternatively, mathematicians can integrate the normal component of the vector field; the result is a scalar. An example is a fluid flowing through "S", such that v(x) determines the velocity of the fluid at x. The flux is defined as the quantity of fluid flowing through "S" in a unit amount of time. +This illustration implies that if the vector field is tangent to "S" at each point, then the flux is zero, because the fluid just flows in parallel to "S", and neither in nor out. This also implies that if v does not just flow along "S", that is, if v has both a tangential and a normal component, then only the normal component contributes to the flux. Based on this reasoning, to find the flux, we need to take the dot product of v with the unit surface normal to "S" at each point, which will give us a scalar field, and integrate the obtained field as above. This gives the formula +The cross product on the right-hand side of this expression is a surface normal determined by the parametrization. +This formula "defines" the integral on the left (note the dot and the vector notation for the surface element). +Theorems involving surface integrals. +Various useful results for surface integrals can be derived using differential geometry and vector calculus, such as the divergence theorem, and its generalization, Stokes' theorem. +Advanced issues. +Changing parametrization. +The discussion above defined the surface integral by using a parametrization of the surface "S". A given surface might have several parametrizations. For example, when the locations of the North Pole and South Pole are moved on a sphere, the latitude and longitude change for all the points on the sphere. A natural question is then whether the definition of the surface integral depends on the chosen parametrization. For integrals of scalar fields, the answer to this question is simple: the value of the surface integral will be the same no matter what parametrization one uses. +Integrals of vector fields are more complicated, because the surface normal is involved. Mathematicians have proved that given two parametrizations of the same surface, whose surface normals point in the same direction, both parametrizations give the same value for the surface integral. If, however, the normals for these parametrizations point in opposite directions, the value of the surface integral obtained using one parametrization is the negative of the one obtained via the other parametrization. It follows that given a surface, we do not need to stick to any unique parametrization; but, when integrating vector fields, we do need to decide in advance which direction the normal will point to, and then choose any parametrization consistent with that direction. +Parameterizations work on parts of the surface. +Sometimes surfaces do not have parametrizations which cover the whole surface; this is true for example for the surface of a cylinder (of finite height). The obvious solution is then to split that surface in several pieces, calculate the surface integral on each piece, and then add them all up. This is indeed how things work, but when integrating vector fields, one needs to again be careful in choosing the normal-pointing vector for each piece of the surface, so that when the pieces are put back together, the results are consistent. For the cylinder, this means that if we decide that for the side region the normal will point out of the body, then for the top and bottom circular parts, the normal must point out of the body too. +Inconsistent surface normals. +There are surfaces which do not have a surface normal at each point with consistent results (for example, the Möbius strip). If such a surface is split into pieces, on each piece a parametrization and corresponding surface normal is chosen, and the pieces are put back together, the normal vectors coming from different pieces cannot be reconciled. This means that at some junction between two pieces will have normal vectors pointing in opposite directions. Such a surface is called non-orientable. Vector fields cannot be integrated on non-orientable surfaces. + += = = Philae (spacecraft) = = = +Philae (before known as RoLand) is an ESA lander spacecraft. It went with the Rosetta spacecraft. It landed on comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenkoon on 12 November 2014 to analyze it. +The name Philae was chosen through a contest organized by ESA, won by fifteen year old Serena Olga Vismara from Milan. The name comes from the orbiter name, already defined as Rosetta, which is the name of the stele that allowed Jean-François Champollion to understand ancient Egypt hieroglyphics. In order to complete the translation, he needed to use also the monuments on the island of Philae, the same way Philae lander will help to complete the work of the Rosetta lander. + += = = Americana = = = +Americana is about the United States, for example, its culture, geography, history etc. + += = = FC Pinzgau Saalfelden = = = +FC Pinzgau Saalfelden is an Austrian football club from Saalfelden in the federal state of Salzburg. The club plays in the Regionalliga Salzburg which is the third level in Austrian football. The second team is playing in the 2. Landesliga Süd of the Salzburger Fußballverband. +History. +The club was founded on 23 May 2007. The new club was formed out of "1. Saalfeldner SK" (founded 1947) and "ESV Saalfelden" (founded 1952). The club was the first of the later players for the Austrian national football team Franz Bacher and Wolfgang Feiersinger. Feiersinger was also Championsleague winner with Borussia Dortmund. +Classes. +in brackets:Level in Austrian football + += = = Narrandera = = = +Narrandera ( ) is a town in southern New South Wales, Australia. It is near the junction of the Newell and Sturt Highways, on the banks of the Murrumbidgee River. In 2006 there were 3,961 people living in Narrandera. +History. +Narrandera is a river town with a long history. Captain Charles Sturt, the famous explorer, was the first European to see the area that later became known as Narrandera. However Sturt, who passed through on 12 December 1829, was not the first explorer to see the Murrumbidgee River. The upper Murrumbidgee, the "Big Water", was first discovered in April 1821, by Charles Throsby. The name "Narrandera" probably comes from Wiradjuri word "nharrang", meaning "frill-necked lizard". +The Narrungderra were the local indigenous people. They were all but destroyed by settlement, disease brought by European settlers, and clashes with the settlers. The last major battle between the indigenous people and European settlers took place near Massacre Island, and is said to have left only one survivor. +Narrandera is first recorded as a pastoral station or "run" (Narrandera Run) in 1848. The property was owned by Mr Edward Flood covered about . +The township developed in the early 1860s. Gillinbah Post Office opened nearby on 1 March 1859 and was replaced by the Narrandera office in 1861. A Gillenbah office was open from 1881 to 1892 and from 1906 to 1941. +The Borough of Narrandera began on 17 March 1885. The centenary of Local Government in Narrandera was celebrated in 1985. +Narrandera today. +The town of Narrandera is at the centre of a productive farming region. Its attractive tree-lined streets contrast with the open plains that surround it. +The Narrandera Memorial Gardens include the unusual Hankinson Fountain. Manufactured by the Royal Doulton Company of England, the ceramic fountain is one of only two known in the world, the other in India. It was given to the people of Narrandera by Alderman and Mrs Hankinson in 1922 in honour of locals who served in World War I. The Hankinson Fountain was smashed by an act of vandalism in 1971 and was restored by Charles Pearce. +To the east of Narrandera farmers grow cereal crops, sheep and wool. To the west, is the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area (MIA) fed by water from the Burrinjuck Dam. The MIA is a region where farmer grow rice and other cereals with irrigation, as well as citrus, wine grapes and potatoes. +The town also has number of historic attractions, such as a fig tree on the corner of King and Cadell Streets, which is thought to be 150 years old; and the Mon Repos, a residence built in a Queen Anne-style, which was built in the 1890s. +Narrandera's Irrigation Canal which carries water to the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area flows through the town. It begins west at Berembed Weir where water is taken from the Murrumbidgee River. The canal follows the natural bed of Bundidgerry Creek and in places is very wide and has no levee banks. Lake Talbot was formed in 1924 when the bank of the Irrigation Canal gave way, flooding the river flat between the canal and Bundidgerry Hill. The shallow lake was allowed to remain and became an important recreational feature of the town. The eastern end of the lake is used by water skiiers. The western end is a wetland habitat for native fauna. A wetland has been made near Lizard Drive, only from the Murrumbidgee River. The Narrandera Wetland is a collection point for storm water run-off from the town. +Transport. +Narrandera is well served for transport. The Sturt Highway and the Newell Highways cross just south of Narrandera. Interstate buses pass daily - note that the destination can be listed as Jillenbah. +The Narranderra-Leeton airport is 5 km west of town. Regional Express (REX) operate several turboprop return services daily to Sydney, an hour and 10 minutes (approx) flying time away. +Narrandera's railway station is serviced by the weekly Sydney to Griffith XPlorer. It stops on the way to Griffith at 2:33pm on Saturdays and stops on the way back to Sydney at 8:45am on Sundays. CountryLink buses carry passengers daily to and from Wagga, to meet Sydney and Melbourne bound train services. +In popular culture. +The book Jessica by Bryce Courtenay has Narrandera as the main town near the place where the book is set. +Notable citizens. +Notable citizens from Narrandera include: + += = = List of countries by Human Development Index = = = +This is a list of all countries by Human Development Index as included in a United Nations Development Programme's Human Development Report (released on 15 December 2020), put together based on estimates for 2019. It covers 187 member states of the United Nations (out of 193), along with Hong Kong (of the People's Republic of China), and the Palestinian territories; 6 UN member states are not included because there is not enough data. The average HDI of regions of the World and groups of countries are also included for comparison. +The Human Development Index (HDI) is a comparative measure of life expectancy, literacy, education and standards of living for countries worldwide. It is a standard way of measuring well-being, especially child welfare. It is used to distinguish whether the country is a developed, a developing or an under-developed country, and also to measure the effect of economic policies on quality of life. The index was developed in 1990 by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq and Indian economist Amartya Sen. +Countries fall into four wide human development categories: Very High Human Development (66 countries), High Human Development (53 countries), Medium Human Development (37 countries) and Low Human Development (36 countries). +From 2007 to 2010, the first two categories was referred to as "developed countries", and the last two are all grouped in "developing countries". The original "high human development" category has been split into two as above in the report for 2007. +Some older groupings ("high/medium/low income countries") that have been removed were based on the gross domestic product (GDP) in purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita, and have been replaced by another index based on the gross national income (GNI) in purchasing power parity per capita. +List of countries by continent. +Africa. +10 highest HDIs +10 lowest HDIs +Asia. +10 highest HDIs +10 lowest HDIs +Europe. +10 highest HDIs +10 lowest HDIs +North America and the Caribbean. +10 highest HDIs +10 lowest HDIs +List of countries by intercontinental region. +Arab League. +10 highest HDIs +10 lowest HDIs +Commonwealth of Nations. +10 highest HDIs +10 lowest HDIs +East Asia and the Pacific. +10 highest HDIs +10 lowest HDIs +European Union. +10 highest HDIs +10 lowest HDIs +Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. +10 highest HDIs +10 lowest HDIs +OECD. +10 highest HDIs +10 lowest HDIs +Small Island Developing States. +10 highest HDIs +10 lowest HDIs +Countries missing from latest report. +UN member states (latest UNDP data). +Note: 2009 publication uses old HDI formula + += = = Electric flux = = = +Imagine an electric field E passing through a surface. Consider an infinitesimal area (dA) on that surface across which E remains constant. Also assume that the angle between E and dA is i. The electric flux is defined as EdAcos(i). E and dA are vectors. Flux is the dot product of E and dA. Using full vector notation, the electric flux formula_1 through a small area formula_2 is given by +The electric flux over a surface "S" is therefore given by the surface integral: +where E is the electric field and dA is a differential area on the surface formula_5 with an outward facing surface normal defining its direction. +For a closed Gaussian surface, electric flux is given by: +where QS is the net charge enclosed by the surface (including both free and bound charge), and �0 is the electric constant. This relation is known as Gauss' law for electric field in its integral form and it is one of the four Maxwell's equations. +Electric flux is not affected by charges that are not within the closed surface. But the net electric field, E, in the Gauss' Law equation, can be affected by charges that lie outside the closed surface. Gauss' Law is true in all situations, but people can only use it to calculate when high degrees of symmetry exist in the electric field. Examples include spherical and cylindrical symmetry. Otherwise, the calculations are too hard to do by hand and must be worked out using a computer. +Electrical flux has SI units of volt metres (V m), or, equivalently, newton metres squared per coulomb . So, the SI base units of electric flux are kg•m3•s−3•A−1. + += = = Enda Kenny = = = +Enda Kenny (born 24 April 1951) is an Irish Fine Gael politician. He was the Taoiseach from 2011 through 2017. Kenny has led Fine Gael from 2002 until his retirement in 2017. He served as Minister for Tourism and Trade from 1994 to 1997. He is also a two-term Vice President of the European People's Party. +Kenny has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for Mayo since 1975, having succeeded his father Henry Kenny. He is the longest-serving TD currently in Dáil Éireann, which makes him the incumbent Father of the Dáil. +Kenny led Fine Gael in the 2011 general election. He subsequently brokered an agreement with the Labour Party and formed a coalition government on 9 March 2011. He is Fine Gael's first Taoiseach since John Bruton from 1994 to 1997, and the first Fine Gael leader to win government in an election since Garret FitzGerald in 1982. +In May 2017, Kenny announced he will retire as Fine Gael leader and will resign as Taoiseach once a new leader is chosen. + += = = SC Hakoah Graz = = = +The Sportclub Hakoah Graz ( - strength) was a Jewish sports and football club from the Styrian capital Graz. After Sturm and GAK it was the third top league team from Graz. +History. +The club was founded on 12 March 1919 to offer the Jewish people of Graz (around 4000) the possibility to do sports. The old club Jüdischen Turnvereins zu Graz was dissolved in 1917. Jewish officials were against the club. The club was highly accepted by the young football players. +In 1921, the football section took part in the 2.Klasse of the Styrian football championship. The first classes of the federal states were the highest, because at that time there was no Austrian-wide championship. The champion of Viennas highest league were considered Austrian champion. They played in blue and white jerseys with the Star of David on the breast. It was difficult for them to play because they had no ground of their own. Due to the antisemitism of that time other clubs often did not allow them to use their grounds. In 1923, they leased their own ground. +In the 1921/22 season, they reached the first place and were promoted to the 1. Klasse. In the 1. Klasse, the club was again confronted with antisemitism. The Deutscher Sportverein Leoben and Turnverein Leibniz did not want to play against a Jewish club. They were disqualified. During the years in the first class Hakoah often reached places on top of the table. +In 1935, the club was relegated to the 2. Klasse. The reason for this was that some players went to other clubs and some ended their career because antisemitism grew at that time. The club also lost its ground which was only leased. The contract was not prolonged. In the Second Class, they gained again strength but the occupation of Austria by Nazi Germany ended its history. The club was dissolved like all other Jewish sports clubs in Austria. + += = = Sugar Ray Leonard = = = +Ray Charles Leonard (born May 17, 1956), better known as Sugar Ray Leonard, is a former American boxer. He was born in Wilmington, North Carolina. Leonard is believed by many to be one of the best boxers of all times. He was named the "Boxer of the Decade" for the 1980s. Leonard retired with a record of 36 wins (25 by knockout) 3 losses and 1 draw. He also won the gold medal in the 1976 Olympics. +His mother named him after singer Ray Charles. + += = = Gastrolith = = = +Gastroliths, or gizzard stones, are small rocks kept by an animal inside its stomach or at an early part of the alimentary canal. The function of these is to mash up the food so digestion takes place faster. Typically, animals which do this do not have suitable teeth for grinding, and the gastroliths are a good substitute for this. +A second function, in aquatic animals, is that gastroliths can be used for ballast to make diving easier. +Identification. +Several pieces of evidence are needed to show that a rock was used by a fossil animal to aid its digestion. First, the stone must be unlike the rock found in its geological vicinity. Secondly, it should be rounded and polished, because inside a gizzard any genuine gastrolith would grind against other stones and fibrous materials, like the action of a rock tumbler. Lastly, the stone must be found with the fossils of the animal which ingested it. +Occurrence. +Among living vertebrates, gastroliths are common among crocodiles, alligators, herbivorous birds, seals and sea lions. Domestic fowl need access to "grit". Stones swallowed by ostriches can exceed a length of . Amphibians such as the Axolotl ingest rocks that are presumed to be gastroliths. Apparent microgastroliths have also been found in frog tadpoles. Ingestion of silt and gravel by tadpoles of various frog species improves buoyancy control. +Sauropod dinosaurs appear to have used stones to grind tough plant matter. An example of this is the early Cretaceous theropod "Caudipteryx zoui" from northeastern China. It was discovered with a series of small stones, in the area of its skeleton that would have corresponded with its abdominal region. Aquatic animals, such as plesiosaurs, may have used them as ballast, to help balance themselves or to decrease their buoyancy, as crocodiles do. Some fossil gastroliths are rounded and polished, many stones in living birds are not polished at all. Gastroliths associated with dinosaur fossils can weigh several kilograms. + += = = Scute = = = +A scute is a bony external plate or scale, as on the shell of a turtle, the skin of crocodiles or the feet of some birds. +Properties. +Scutes are similar to scales and serve the same function. Unlike the scales of fish and snakes, which are formed from the epidermis, scutes are formed in the lower vascular layer of the skin and the epidermal element is only the top surface. Forming in the living dermis, the scutes produce a horny outer layer, that is superficially similar to that of scales. +The dermal base may contain bone and produce dermal armour. Scutes with a bony base are properly called osteoderms. Dermal scutes are also found in the feet of birds and tails of some mammals, and are believed to be the primitive form of dermal armour in reptiles. +The term is also used to describe the heavy armour of the armadillo and the extinct glyptodon, and is occasionally used as an alternative to scales in describing snakes or certain fish, such as sturgeon. + += = = BepiColombo = = = +BepiColombo is a joint mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) to the planet Mercury. It launched on October 20, 2018 and it is planned to arrive at Mercury On December 5, 2025. + += = = Sputnik 2 = = = +Sputnik 2 was a Soviet Union spacecraft. It was the second spacecraft in the Sputnik programme. It was the first spacecraft to carry a living animal, a dog called Laika. It was launched on 3 October 1957 at Baikonur Cosmodrome. Scientists think that Laika died several hours after launch from overheating. The spacecraft went into orbit around Earth for roughly five months. It went down into Earth's atmosphere on 14 April 1958 and burned up. +Sputnik 2 was 4 metres (13 feet) high and its base diameter was 2 metres (6.6 feet). It was a cone-shaped and it had several different places for radio transmitters, a telemetry system, a programming unit, a regeneration and temperature control system for the spacecraft, and scientific instruments. Laika was put in a special area. + += = = Michal Prokop = = = +Michal Prokop (* August 13, 1946, Prague, Czechoslovakia, today Czech Republic) is a Czech singer, songwriter and politician. He is member of Framus Five. In 2007 he was inducted into the Beatová síň slávy (Beat Hall of Fame). + += = = Megali Idea = = = +The Megali Idea was an idea in Greek nationalism since the end of the Byzantine Empire. The goal of Megali Idea was the liberation of all Greek-inhabited lands occupied by Ottoman Empire. + += = = Paula Fernandes = = = +Paula Fernandes de Souza (born August 28, 1984) is a Brazilian sertanejo and country singer. + += = = Nodosauridae = = = +The Nodosauridae is a family of ankylosaur dinosaurs, from Upper Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous strata of what are now North America, Asia, Antarctica and Europe. They are the family of ankylosaurs which do not have club-shaped tails. They often have spikes protecting their head and shoulders. +All nodosaurs, like other ankylosaurs, are medium-sized to large, heavily built quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaurs, with small denticulate teeth and rows of osteoderms (a type of armour) on the dorsolateral (top and sides) surfaces of the body. +Classification. +Taxonomy. +The following taxonomy follows Thompson "et al.", 2011 unless otherwise noted. +Phylogeny. +The clade Nodosauridae may be defined as "all ankylosaurs closer to "Panoplosaurus" than to "Ankylosaurus". Vickaryous "et al." considered the most primitive member of the Nodosauridae to be "Cedarpelta". A cladogram from a 2011 analysis is shown by Richard S. Thompson and colleagues. + += = = French grammar = = = +French grammar is the rules about how to speak and write the French language. It is similar to the grammar of other Romance languages. +French is moderately inflected. This means that some words change their form in different situations. +Verb. +In French, verbs are conjugated to show information. That means they change endings. +Person. +Verbs are conjugated to match with grammatical person. +Irregular Verbs. +Most French verbs are regular, which means that the someone can guess how to conjugate a verb based on what letters a verb ends with. However, some verbs are irregular. Irregular verbs do not follow the normal pattern of conjugation. Instead, the forms must be learned differently. An example of an irregular verb in French is "être" (to be). +Noun. +Gender. +Every French noun has a gender. A noun can be either masculine or feminine. +Number. +The plural of a noun usually ends with -"s". For example, dog ("chien") becomes dogs ("chiens"). However, if a noun ends in -"au", -"eu", or -"ou", it can have -"x" at the end as a plural. For example, game ("jeu") becomes games ("jeux"). If a noun already ends with -"s", -"x", or -"z", it does not change in the plural. +Adjectives. +In French, adjectives change in order to agree with the gender and number of the noun it describes. +Word order. +The word order in French is subject-verb-object. In the sentence "Je mange le gâteau" (I eat the cake), "je" (I) is the subject and "le gâteau" (the cake) is the object. However, if the object is a pronoun, it goes before the verb. If "le gâteau" is replaced by "le" (it), the sentence becomes "Je le mange" (I eat it). + += = = Stem (linguistics) = = = +The stem of a verb is the main part of the verb to which the endings are added. + += = = Qinhuangdao = = = +Qinhuangdao (���) is a city in the north of China. It is in Hebei Province. +It is about east of Beijing, on the Bohai Sea. The city had 2,987,605 people as of 2010. Qinhuangdao is one of fourteen coastal open cities, which are important foreign trade ports in north China. It was approved as a national grade tourist city by the State Council. Famous scenic spots include Shanhaiguan and Beidaihe. Qinhuangdao City is a state-level economic and technological development zone of Qinhuangdao. +The name in Chinese means "island of the Qin Emperor" or "Emperor Qin's island", since it was where Emperor Qin Shi Huang sent men to search for immortals, or living beings who cannot die or grow old, across the sea. +Geography. +Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, is in the northeast of China , north latitude 39 ° 24 '~ 40 ° 37', longitude 118 ° 33 '~ 119 ° 51'. Qinhuangdao's climate is a humid, temperate, monsoon climate, influenced by the ocean. +Transportation. +Qinhuangdao's train station serves the Beijing-Harbin Railway, Daqin Railway and Tsuyama railway. China's first express passenger line between Qinhuangdao and Shenyang Passenger starts here. The line became the official carrier on October 12, 2013. +Qinhuangdao Shanhaiguan Airport has flights from Shijiazhuang, Wuhan and Shanghai. +Qinhuangdao's Port is one of China's bigger energy output ports. It is one of the major ports where China's Shanxi Coal can go to other countries. It is a natural, ice-free harbor. +Industry. +The very important industries are glass, ship making, Metallurgy (making gold), and auto parts. +Education. +Yanshan University and the Hebei Institute of International Business and Economics (HIIBE) is in Qinhuangdao. + += = = Penghu = = = +The Penghu Islands, also known as Pescadores (from Portuguese: "fishermen") are an archipelago off the western coast of Taiwan. They are in the Taiwan Strait. The Archipelago is made up of 90 small islands and islets. It covers an area of . +The whole archipelago forms Penghu County under Taiwan Province in the Republic of China. The archipelago and the island of Taiwan together formed the former Japanese territory of Formosa. + += = = Yanshan University = = = +Yanshan University is a university in Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China. + += = = Insertion device = = = +In physics, an insertion device is a group of magnets that can be placed on a straight segment of a particle accelerator to be a synchrotron light source. They are called an "insertion devices" because they replace pipe that otherwise would hold the vacuum needed to maintain the particle beam path. Many times, insertion devices are used on the circular path of a synchrotron or a storage ring. +There are two types of insertion devices. Undulators make electromagnetic radiation that is tuned to a narrow frequency range. Wigglers make a wide range of electromagnetic radiation frequencies. + += = = Beamline = = = +In particle physics, a beamline is the path in a particle accelerator of the particles. +In materials science, physics, chemistry, and molecular biology, a beamline leads to the experimental endstation utilizing particle beams from a particle accelerator, synchrotron light obtained from a synchrotron, or neutrons from a spallation source or research reactor. +Beamline in a particle accelerator. +In particle accelerators, the beamline is usually housed in a tunnel and/or underground, cased inside a cement housing. The beamline is usually cylindrical metal. Typical names include, "beam pipe", and/or a blank section called a "drift tube". This entire section must be under a good vacuum in order to have the beam travel for a long distance. +A survey and alignment crew carefully align the beamline segments by using a laser tracker. All beamlines must be within micrometre tolerance. Good alignment helps to prevent beam loss, and beam from colliding with the pipe walls, which creates secondary emissions and/or radiation. +Synchrotron radiation beamline. +Regarding synchrotrons, a beamline is the instrumentation that carries beams of synchrotron radiation to an experimental end station, which uses the radiation produced by the bending magnets and insertion devices in the storage ring of a synchrotron light source. A typical application for this kind of beamline is crystallography. Scientists also use synchrotron light in many other ways. +A large synchrotron laboratory will have many beamlines, each optimized for a particular field of research. The differences will depend on the type of insertion device (which, in turn, determines the intensity and spectral distribution of the radiation); the beam conditioning equipment; and the experimental end station. +A typical beamline at a modern synchrotron will be 25 to 100 m (82 ft to 328 ft) long from the storage ring to the end station, and may cost up to millions of US dollars. For this reason, a synchrotron facility is often built in stages, with the first few beamlines at the start of operation, and other beamlines being added later as the funding permits. +The beamline elements are in radiation shielding enclosures, called hutches, which are the size of a small room (cabin). A typical beamline consists of two hutches, an optical hutch for the beam conditioning elements and an experimental hutch, which houses the experiment. Between hutches, the beam travels in a transport tube. People are not allowed to enter hutches when the beam shutter is open and radiation can enter the hutch. Hutches have complex safety systems with redundant interlocking functions to make sure that no one is inside the hutch when the radiation is turned on. The safety system will also shut down the radiation beam if the door to the hutch is accidentally opened when the beam is on. In this case, the beam is turned off by dumping the electron beam circulating in the synchrotron. So, opening one door will shut down all of the beamlines in the facility. +Experimenters use the following elements that are used in beamlines for conditioning the radiation beam between the storage ring and the end station: +The combination of beam conditioning devices controls the thermal load (heating caused by the beam) at the end station; the spectrum of radiation incident at the end station; and the focus or collimation of the beam. Devices along the beamline which absorb significant power from the beam may need to be actively cooled by water, or liquid nitrogen. The entire length of a beamline is normally kept under ultra high vacuum conditions. +Neutron beamline. +An experimental end station in a neutron facility is called a neutron beamline. Superficially, neutron beamlines differ from synchrotron radiation beamlines mostly by the fact that they use neutrons from a research reactor or a spallation source instead of photons. The experiments usually measure neutron scattering from the sample under study. + += = = Conférence des directeurs des écoles françaises d'ingénieurs = = = +The Conférence des directeurs des écoles françaises d'ingénieurs (CDEFI) is a French association, established in 1976, of Grandes Écoles of engineering. The CDEFI represents the administration of all the engineering institutions. + += = = Fred Burton = = = +Fred Burton (born January 2, 1958) is STATFOR's vice president for intelligence. STRATFOR is a global intelligence company. Burton is thought to be "one of the world's foremost experts on security, terrorists and terrorist organizations." This basically means that he is thought to be one of the world's best intelligence workers. +He was a special agent with the U.S. Diplomatic Security Service. +Washington asked Burton to help the investigation of the assassination of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. He used to be the deputy chief of the counter-terrorism part of the U.S. State Department's Diplomatic Security Service. He also investigated the killing of Rabbi Meir Kahane, the al Qaeda New York City bombing plots before the September 11 attacks and the Libyan-backed terrorist attacks against diplomats in Sana'a and Khartoum. He helped in the arrest of Ramzi Yousef, the mastermind of the first World Trade Center bombing in 1993. +Burton is the author of a memoir called "Ghost: Confessions of a Counterterrorism Agent". It was published by Random House in 2008. Another memoir is "Chasing Shadows: A Special Agent's Lifelong Hunt to Bring a Cold War Assassin to Justice", published by Palgrave Macmillan in 2011. +Burton was moved to the Texas Border Security Council on September 11, 2007 by Governor Rick Perry. +In August 2009 he was hired as the Texas Department of Public Safety's Assistant Director for Intelligence and Counter-Terrorism but left after 2 months. This was because he wanted to work on his writing and speaking career. + += = = Collimated light = = = +Collimated light is light whose rays are parallel. This light spreads slowly as it travels. The word "collimated" is related to "collinear", because all the rays in collimated light line up with each other. +Perfectly collimated light would not spread out with distance at all. No real light is perfectly collimated. Real light will spread a little as it travels. Diffraction prevents anyone from creating a perfectly collimated beam. +Light can be roughly collimated by using a "collimator" – a device which narrows a beam of particles or waves. +Etymology. +The word "collimate" comes from the Latin verb "collimare", which originated in a misreading of "collineare", "to direct in a straight line". +Sources. +Lasers. +Laser light from crystal and some gas lasers is highly collimated because it is formed in an optical cavity between two parallel mirrors, in addition to being coherent. The divergence of high-quality laser beams is commonly less than 1 milliradian, and can be much less for large-diameter beams. Laser diodes emit less collimated light due to their short cavity, and therefore higher collimation requires a collimating lens. +Synchrotron light. +Synchrotron light is very collimated. It is produced by bending relativistic electrons around a circular track. +Distant sources. +The light from stars (other than the Sun) can be considered collimated for almost any purpose, because they are so far away they have almost no angular size. +Lenses and mirrors. +A perfect parabolic mirror will bring parallel rays to a focus at a single point. Conversely, a point source at the focus of a parabolic mirror will produce a beam of collimated light. Since the source needs to be small, such an optical system cannot produce much optical power. Spherical mirrors are easier to make than parabolic mirrors and they are often used to produce approximately collimated light. Many types of lenses can also produce collimated light from point-like sources. + += = = Hispanic = = = +Hispanic (Spanish: "Hispano", "hispánico") is a word that originally meant a relationship to Hispania. This is the Iberian Peninsula and includes Portugal, Andorra, Gibraltar and Spain. Now the word is used with a more limited meaning. +In the United States, Hispanic and Latino are different ethnic categories. Hispanic simply means a person who comes from a country where Spanish is the official language, this includes Puerto Rico of the United States whereas Latino means a person who comes from a country in Latin America (which includes only Mexico of North America, the Caribbean, Central America, and South America). +Spanish names, the Spanish language, and Spanish customs can also be found in other areas that were part of the Spanish and Portuguese Empires, such as in Equatorial Guinea in Africa, or in the Spanish East Indies (e.g. Philipines) and the Portuguese Brazil. + += = = Muryeong of Baekje = = = +Muryeong of Baekje (462–523, r. 501–23), also known as Sama, was a 6th-century Korean king. He was the 25th king of Baekje, which was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea in ancient times. The name Muryong means "military peace". It is a name he got after death. +Events of Muryeong's reign. +During Muryeong’s reign, the southwestern kingdom of Baekje was allied with its eastern rival Silla against the northern kingdom of Goguryeo. +The king is known for expanding contacts with China and Japan. +After his death. +Muryeong's tomb is located in Gongju in South Chungcheong Province. It has been studied by archeologists and historians. This the only ancient tomb that has been positively identified among those of this period. +Legacy. +In 2001, Japan's Emperor Akihito acknowledged a distant relationship with Muryeong. He explained, "I, on my part, feel a certain kinship with Korea, given the fact that it is recorded in the "Chronicles of Japan" that the mother of Emperor Kammu was of the line of King Muryong of Baekje." + += = = Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 = = = +The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 (LLFPA) is an Act of Congress about pay discrimination that was signed into law by President Barack Obama on January 29, 2009. +The bill amends the Civil Rights Act of 1964 stating that the 180-day statute of limitations for filing an equal-pay lawsuit regarding pay discrimination resets with each new discriminatory paycheck. The law was a direct answer to the "Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.", , a U.S. Supreme Court decision holding that the statute of limitations for presenting an equal-pay lawsuit begins on the date that the employer makes the initial discriminatory wage decision, not at the date of the most recent paycheck, as a lower court had ruled. +A first bill to amend the statutory limitations period and supersede the "Ledbetter" decision was introduced in the 110th United States Congress but was never enacted, as after having been passed by the House it failed to survive a cloture vote in the Senate due to the opposition of most of the Republican Senators. +During the campaign for the 2008 elections, the Democrats criticized Republicans for defeating the 2007 version of the bill, citing Republican presidential candidate John McCain's opposition. Then-candidate Barack Obama supported the bill. +After the 2008 election gave the Democratic Party control of both the House and Senate, a new version of the bill was introduced in the first session of the 111th United States Congress and quickly passed both bodies. It became the law signed by the new President Obama after he took office on January 20. +Court rulings. +Lilly Ledbetter, a production supervisor at a Goodyear tire plant in Alabama, filed an equal-pay lawsuit seeking back pay for pay discrimination under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. She worked for that company for many years without learning that she was paid much less than the men holding the same job. She filed the lawsuit six months before her early retirement in 1998. The District court said her lawsuit was filed on time, but the Court of Appeals said her lawsuit was too late. Ledbetter appealed the decision to the United States Supreme Court. The Supreme Court ruled in 2007 by a 5-4 majority vote that Ledbetter's complaint was filed too late because the discriminatory decisions relating to pay had been made more than 180 days prior to the date she filed her charge, as explained by Justice Samuel Alito. The minority position explained by Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg proposed an interpretation according to which the law runs from the date of any paycheck that contains an amount affected by a prior discriminatory pay decision. +The "Ledbetter" decision was cited by federal judges in 300 cases before the LLFPA was passed. These cases involved not only Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, but also the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, Fair Housing Act, Patsy T. Mink Equal Opportunity in Education Act and Eighth Amendment to the Constitution. +The case had never received much attention before going to the Supreme Court, but the Court's ruling ignited legal groups on the left and Democrats that took action to transform the "Ledbetter" case into a rallying issue for the left. Some activists saw Lilly Ledbetter as an ideal standard-bearer in their attempt to persuade the public that the Supreme Court was moving too far to the right. +Among the first to criticize the Court's decision was Marcia Greenberger, president of the National Women's Law Center, that saw in the ruling a "setback for women and a setback for civil rights" and called Ginsburg's opinion a "clarion call to the American people that this slim majority of the court is headed in the wrong direction." Debra Ness, president of the National Partnership for Women & Families, also condemned the decision, saying, “If employers can keep the discrimination hidden for a period of time, they can continue to discriminate without being held accountable.” On the other side, the majority's findings were applauded by the US Chamber of Commerce, that called it a "fair decision" that "eliminates a potential wind-fall against employers by employees trying to dredge up stale pay claims." +The Bill. +The House Democrats were fast to react. On June 12, the caucus spoke against the Supreme Court decision. Claiming lead from Justice Ruth Ginsburg's minority opinion, which invited the Congress to take action by amending the law, the Democrats announced their intention to intervene: House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer and Education and Labor Committee Chairman George Miller said that a bill was to be passed to avoid future court rulings in line with "Ledbetter", clearly putting that "a key provision of the legislation will make it clear that discrimination occurs not just when the decision to discriminate is made, but also when someone becomes subject to that discriminatory decision, and when they are affected by that discriminatory decision, including each time they are issued a discriminatory paycheck", as said by Rep. Miller. +Republicans immediately opposed the bill as drafted, with Education and Labor Committee ranking member Howard McKeon raising the issue that companies would be held liable for actions taken by managers who were not leading the company anymore: "At the end of the day, such a loophole conceivably could allow a retiring employee to seek damages against a company now led by executives who had nothing to do with the initial act of discrimination". +The issue divided lawyers. The American Bar Association passed a resolution supporting the new bill. Other lawyers, such as Neal Mollen, argued that extending the term limit would put a strain on the chances of an adequate defense for the employers, as to defend themselves one "has to rely on documents and the memory of individuals, and neither of those is permanent. If a disappointed employee can wait for many years before raising a claim of discrimination ... he or she can wait out the employer, that is ensure that the employer effectively unable to offer any meaningful defense to the claim". +Organizations that supported the bill included the: American Civil Liberties Union, AFL-CIO, American Federation of Teachers, National Education Association, American Rights at Work, American Library Association, People For the American Way, Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, National Employment Lawyers Association, Hadassah, National Women's Law Center, National Network to End Domestic Violence, Center for Inquiry - Washington DC +American Association of University Women, Alliance for Justice, Legal Momentum, Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, National Partnership for Women and Families, Coalition of Labor Union Women, Moms Rising, National Organization for Women, American Association of Retired Persons, Women's Voices, Women Vote Action Fund, 21st Century Democrats, 9to5, National Association of Working Women, the Religious Action Center of Reform Judaism, and Women Employed. +Organizations that opposed the bill include the: U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Eagle Forum, Society for Human Resource Management, National Association of Manufacturers, American Bakers Association, College and University Professional Association for Human Resources, Associated Builders and Contractors, and American Housing & Lodging Association. +Legislative history. +The bill ( and ) was defeated in April 2008 by Republicans in the Senate who cited the possibility of frivolous lawsuits in their opposition of the bill and criticized Democrats for refusing to allow compromises. +The bill was re-introduced in the 111th Congress (as and ) in January 2009. It passed in the House of Representatives with 247 votes in support and 171 against. The vote was nearly perfectly split along party lines, with only three Republicans voting in favor (Ed Whitfield of Kentucky, Don Young of Alaska and Chris Smith of New Jersey) and three Democrats voting nay (Travis Childers of Mississippi, Allen Boyd of Florida, and Parker Griffith of Alabama). +The Senate voted 72 to 23 to invoke cloture on S. 181 on January 15, 2009. (The vote to invoke cloture ends debate on a bill, and usually leads to a final vote within a few days.) The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act passed the Senate, 61-36, on January 22, 2009. The votes in favor included every Democratic senator (except Edward Kennedy of Massachusetts, who was absent from the vote because of health issues) and five Republican senators. +As president, Obama actively supported the bill. The official White House blog said: +President Obama has long championed this bill and Lilly Ledbetter's cause, and by signing it into law, he will ensure that women like Ms. Ledbetter and other victims of pay discrimination can effectively challenge unequal pay. +House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer announced that the House would vote on S.181 (the bill passed by the Senate) during the week of January 26, getting the bill to President Obama's desk sooner rather than later. On January 27, the House passed S.181 by a 250-177 margin. +On January 29, Obama signed the bill into law. It was the first act he signed as president, and it fulfilled his campaign pledge to nullify "Ledbetter v. Goodyear". However, some newspapers criticised him for signing it only two days after it was passed by the House. The "St. Petersburg Times" which mentioned his campaign promise to give the public five days of notice to comment on legislation before he signed bills. The White House through a spokesman answered that they would be "implementing this policy in full soon", and that currently they were "working through implementation procedures and some initial issues with the congressional calendar". + += = = International Food Policy Research Institute = = = +The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) is an international agricultural research center to improve the understanding of national agricultural and food policies to promote the adoption of innovations in agricultural technology. Additionally, IFPRI researches the role of agricultural and rural development in the overall development of a country. +According to its website, IFPRI "seeks sustainable solutions for ending hunger and poverty." +IFPRI is an international research institutes funded in part by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). CGIAR is funded by governments, private businesses and foundations, and the World Bank. +Scope. +IFPRI carries out food policy research. IFPRI communicates in publications, bulletins, conferences, and other initiatives. IFPRI was organized as a District of Columbia non-profit, non-stock corporation on March 5, 1975 and its first research bulletin was produced in February 1976. IFPRI has offices in several developing countries, including China, Ethiopia, and India. IFPRI has research staff working in many more countries around the world. +Research Areas. +IFPRI's strategy has the areas: research, capacity strengthening, and policy communication. +Research topics have included low crop and animal productivity, and environmental degradation, water management, fragile lands, property rights, collective action, sustainable intensification of agricultural production, the impact of climate change on poor farmers, the problems and opportunities of biotechnology, food security, micronutrient malnutrition, microfinance programs, urban food security, gender and development, and resource allocation within households. +IFPRI also analyzes agricultural market reforms, trade policy, World Trade Organization negotiations in the context of agriculture, institutional effectiveness, crop and income diversification, postharvest activity, and agroindustry. +IFPRI measures the Millennium Development Goals project and supports governments in the formulation and implementation of development strategies. +Further work includes research on agricultural innovation systems and the role of capacity strengthening in agricultural development. +Products and Publications. +IFPRI publishes books, research reports, but also newsletters, briefs, and fact sheets. It is also involved in the collection of primary data and the compilation and processing of secondary data. +In 1993 IFPRI introduced its 2020 Vision Initiative. IFPRI wants to reach food security for the world by 2020. +As of 2006 IFPRI produces the Global Hunger Index (GHI) yearly measuring the progress and failure of individual countries and regions in the fight against hunger. The GHI is a collaboration of IFPRI, the Welthungerhilfe, and Concern Worldwide. +IFPRI has produced the related Hunger Index for the States of India (ISHI) (2008) and the Sub-National Hunger Index for Ethiopia (2009). +Organizational structure. +IFPRI is made up of the Office of the Director General, a Communications Division and the Finance and Administration Division, and 5 research divisions: +IFPRI hosts several research networks: +Criticism. +CGIAR and its agencies, including IFPRI, have been criticized for their connections to Western governments and multinational agribusiness, although its research publications have also been cited by critics of agribusiness and Genetically Modified Organisms in agriculture. IFPRI describes itself as "neither an advocate nor an opponent of genetically modified crops." + += = = Arena rock = = = +Event Centre rock (also known as arena rock, corporate rock, industry rock,or stadium rock) is a word to describe a form of rock music which is played, or intended to be played, in large venues, such as event centres, arenas, stadia, and open-air concert spaces. In such a way, genres which traditionally fall within the categories of event centre rock tend to be (yet not always) loud and anthemic; event centre rock is most traditionally associated with heavy metal, progressive rock, hard rock, glam metal or pop rock genres. Often, yet not always, event centre rock is categorised as being more mass-scale, commercially appealing, and radio-oriented music. Due to the often commercial nature of event centre rock, it is occasionally called corporate rock. +Event centre rock is generally associated with the grand shows that artists and groups within the style would hold. At these performances, large sound systems, and often elaborate lighting, additional effects and fireworks, would be included. The 1970s and 80s were a major period in event centre rock. +Whilst event centre rock has seen large popularity over the years, especially from the 1960s to the 1980s, it has also been criticised for its often commercial and extravagant nature, especially with regards to the shows and concert tours that event centre rock bands and artists would have. To some extent, genres such as pub rock, punk rock, indie rock and alternative rock grew as a reaction against the nature and aesthetic of event centre rock, opting for a less commercial and over-the-top style. +Famous bands associated with event centre rock include Kiss, Queen, Aerosmith, Journey, and Styx, amongst several others. + += = = Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. = = = +Martin Luther King Jr., a prominent American leader of the civil rights movement and Nobel Peace Prize winner, was shot and killed at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968, at the age of 39. King was rushed to St. Joseph's Hospital, where he died at 7:05 that evening. He was a prominent leader of the Civil Rights Movement who was known for his use of nonviolence and civil disobedience. +James Earl Ray, a prisoner who ran away from the Missouri State Penitentiary, was arrested and charged with King's murder. He was sentenced to 99 years in the Tennessee State Penitentiary. He died in prison at the age of 70 due to liver failure. +The King family and others believe that a government conspiracy killed King, as Loyd Jowers said in 1993. They believe that Ray was a scapegoat. In 1999, the King family filed a wrongful death lawsuit against Jowers for $10,000,000. During the trial, both the King family and Jowers gave evidence accusing the government of a conspiracy. The government agencies that were accused could not defend themselves or respond, because they were not named as defendants. Based on the evidence, the jury concluded that Jowers and "others were part of a conspiracy to kill King." +Shooting and death. +King had clearly made enemies in his rise to fame. The Ku Klux Klan did what they could to hurt his reputation, especially in the South. Even the FBI kept a close eye on him. +On the evening of April 4, 1968, King was standing on the balcony of his motel room in Memphis, Tennessee. He was planning to lead a protest march to support garbage workers that were on strike. At 6:01 p.m., King was shot. The bullet entered through his right cheek, and travelled down his neck. It cut the major vein and arteries in his neck before stopping in his shoulder. Unconscious, he fell violently backwards onto the balcony. +King was rushed to St. Joseph's Hospital. His heart had stopped. Doctors cut open his chest and massaged his heart to try to keep blood and oxygen pumping through his body. However, King never became conscious again. He died at 7:05 p.m. According to Taylor Branch, King's autopsy showed that though he was only 39 years old, he had the heart of a 60-year-old man. +Afterward. +Civil disorder, including riots, happened after King's murder in at least 110 U.S. cities. Washington, Chicago, and Baltimore had the most damage. +On June 10, 1968, James Earl Ray was arrested in London at Heathrow Airport. Ray was extradited to the United States and charged with killing King. On March 10, 1969, Ray told the court he was guilty, and was sentenced to 99 years in the Tennessee state penitentiary. Ray later tried many times to take away his guilty plea and be tried by a jury, but he was unsuccessful. +The United States House of Representatives Select Committee on Assassinations was created in 1976 to look into the assassinations of John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr., and the shooting of Governor George Wallace. The Committee investigated until 1978, and put out a final report in 1979. About the King assassination, the Committee decided: +In 1999, Coretta Scott King, King's widow, and the rest of King's family won their wrongful death lawsuit against Loyd Jowers and "other unknown co-conspirators" (other people who were part of the conspiracy). Jowers claimed to have received $100,000 to arrange King's assassination. The jury of six whites and six blacks found Jowers liable for King's murder. They also found that governmental agencies were part of the assassination plot. +James Earl Ray died in prison on April 23, 1998, at the age of 70. +In 2000, the Department of Justice completed the investigation about Jowers' claims. They did not find evidence to support the accusations about conspiracy. The investigation report recommends no more investigation unless some reliable new facts are presented. +The Lorraine Motel is now a civil rights museum. + += = = Christmas 2011 Nigeria attacks = = = +On 25 December, 2011, there were a number of attacks on Christmas Day during church services in northern Nigeria. There were bombings and shootings at churches in Madalla (near the capital, Abuja), Jos, Gadaka and Damaturu. At least 39 people were killed. The attacks were claimed by the Islamist group Boko Haram. + += = = Albert Leo Schlageter = = = +Albert Leo Schlageter (12 August 1894 — 26 May 1923) was a member of the German Freikorps. His activities sabotaging French occupying troops after World War I led to his arrest and eventual execution by French forces. His death created an image of martyrdom around him, which was cultivated by German nationalist groups, in particular the Nazi Party. During the Third Reich, he was widely commemorated as a national hero. + += = = Magnetic reluctance = = = +Magnetic reluctance, or magnetic resistance, is a measurement used in the analysis of magnetic circuits. It is like resistance in an electrical circuit, but rather than dissipating magnetic energy it stores magnetic energy. As an electric field causes an electric current to follow the path of least resistance, a magnetic field causes magnetic flux to follow the path of least magnetic reluctance. It is a scalar, +extensive quantity, like electrical resistance. +Reluctance is usually represented by R. +History. +The term was coined in May 1888 by Oliver Heaviside. The notion of “magnetic resistance” was first mentioned by James Joule and the term "magnetomotive force” (MMF) was first named by Bosanquet. The idea for a magnetic flux law, similar to Ohm's law for closed electric circuits, is attributed to H. Rowland. +Definition. +The total reluctance is equal to the ratio of the "magnetomotive force” (MMF) in a passive magnetic circuit to the magnetic flux in this circuit. In an AC field, the reluctance is the ratio of the amplitude values for a sinusoidal MMF and magnetic flux. (see phasors) +The definition can be expressed as: +where +It is sometimes known as Hopkinson's law and is analogous to Ohm's Law with resistance replaced by reluctance, voltage by MMF and current by magnetic flux. +Magnetic flux always forms a closed loop, as described by Maxwell's equations, but the path of the loop depends on the reluctance of the surrounding materials. It is concentrated around the path of least reluctance. Air and vacuum have high reluctance. Easily magnetized materials such as soft iron have low reluctance. The concentration of flux in low-reluctance materials forms strong temporary poles and causes mechanical forces that tend to move the materials towards regions of higher flux so it is always an attractive force (pull). +The reluctance of a uniform magnetic circuit can be calculated as: +or +where +The inverse of reluctance is called "permeance". +Its SI derived unit is the henry (the same as the unit of inductance, although the two concepts are distinct). +Applications. +Reluctance can also be applied to: + += = = Triglav = = = +Triglav is a mountain in the Alps. It is the highest mountain in Slovenia. It is also the highest peak of the Julian Alps, in the southeastern part of the Alps. +Its name means "three-headed" in Slovene. While this can describe the mountain, it is more likely the mountain was named for the Old Slovene god, Triglav. The mountain is shown on the Flag of Slovenia. +This mountain is in a national park. + += = = Ampère's circuital law = = = +Ampère's circuital law, discovered by André-Marie Ampère in 1826, relates the magnetic field around a closed loop to the electric current passing through the loop. It is now one of Maxwell's equations, which form the basis of classical electromagnetism. +Original Ampère's circuital law. +The law relates magnetic fields to electric currents that produce them. A scientist can use Ampere's law to determine the magnetic field associated with a given current or current associated with a given magnetic field, if there is no time changing electric field present. +In its original form, Ampère's Circuital Law relates the magnetic field to its electric current source. +The law can be written in two forms, the "integral form" and the "differential form". The forms are equivalent, and related by the Kelvin–Stokes theorem. It can also be written in terms of either the B or H magnetic fields. Again, the two forms are equivalent (see the "proof" section below). +Ampère's circuital law is now known to be a correct law of physics in a magnetostatic situation: The system is static except possibly for continuous steady currents within closed loops. In all other cases the law is incorrect unless Maxwell's correction is included (see below). +Integral form. +In SI units (the version in cgs units is in a later section), the "integral form" of the original Ampère's circuital law is: +or equivalently, +where +See below for further explanation of the curve "C" and surface "S". There are a number of ambiguities in the above definitions that require clarification and a choice of convention. +First, three of these terms are associated with sign ambiguities: the line integral formula_5 could go around the loop in either direction (clockwise or counterclockwise); the vector area dS could point in either of the two directions normal to the surface; and "I"enc is the net current passing through the surface "S", meaning the current passing through in one direction, minus the current in the other direction—but either direction could be chosen as positive. These ambiguities are resolved by the right-hand rule: With the palm of the right-hand toward the area of integration, and the index-finger pointing along the direction of line-integration, the outstretched thumb points in the direction that must be chosen for the vector area dS. Also the current passing in the same direction as dS must be counted as positive. The right hand grip rule can also be used to determine the signs. +Second, there are infinitely many possible surfaces "S" that have the curve "C" as their border. (Imagine a soap film on a wire loop, which can be deformed by moving the wire). Which of those surfaces is to be chosen? If the loop does not lie in a single plane, for example, there is no one obvious choice. The answer is that it does not matter; it can be proven that any surface with boundary "C" can be chosen. +Differential form. +By the Kelvin–Stokes theorem, this equation can also be written in a "differential form". Again, this equation only applies in the case where the electric field is constant in time; see below for the more general form. In SI units, the equation states: +where +Note on free current versus bound current. +The electric current that arises in the simplest textbook situations would be classified as "free current." For example, the law can apply to the current that passes through a wire or battery. In contrast, "bound current" arises in the context of bulk materials that can be magnetized and/or polarized. (All materials can to some extent.) +When a material is magnetized (for example, by placing it in an external magnetic field), the electrons remain bound to their respective atoms, but behave as if they were orbiting the nucleus in a particular direction, creating a microscopic current. When the currents from all these atoms are put together, they create the same effect as a macroscopic current, circulating perpetually around the magnetized object. This magnetization current JM is one contribution to "bound current". +The other source of bound current is bound charge. When an electric field is applied, the positive and negative bound charges can separate over atomic distances in polarizable materials, and when the bound charges move, the polarization changes, creating another contribution to the "bound current", the polarization current JP. +The total current density J due to free and bound charges is then: +with Jf the "free" or "conduction" current density. +All current is fundamentally the same, microscopically. There are often practical reasons for wanting to treat bound current differently from free current. For example, the bound current usually originates over atomic dimensions, and one may wish to take advantage of a simpler theory intended for larger dimensions. The result is that the more microscopic Ampère's law, expressed in terms of B and the microscopic current (which includes free, magnetization and polarization currents), is sometimes put into the equivalent form below in terms of H and the free current only. For a detailed definition of free current and bound current, and the proof that the two formulations are equivalent, see the "proof" section below. +Shortcomings of the original formulation of Ampère's circuital law. +Two issues regarding Ampère's law are important. First, there is an issue regarding the continuity equation for electrical charge. There is a theorem in vector calculus that states the divergence of a curl must always be zero. Hence +and so the original Ampère's law implies that +But in general +which is non-zero for a time-varying charge density. An example occurs in a capacitor circuit where time-varying charge densities exist on the plates. +Second, there is an issue regarding the propagation of electromagnetic waves. For example, in free space, where +Ampère's law implies that +but instead +To treat these situations, the contribution of displacement current must be added to the current term in Ampère's law. +James Clerk Maxwell conceived of displacement current as a polarization current in the dielectric vortex sea, which he used to model the magnetic field with water (hydrodynamically) and with mechanical systems (mechanically). He added this displacement current to Ampère's circuital law at equation (112) in his 1861 paper "" . +Displacement current. +In free space, the displacement current is related to the time rate of change of electric field. +In a dielectric the above contribution to displacement current is also present, but a major contribution to the displacement current is related to the polarization of the individual molecules of the dielectric material. Even though charges cannot flow freely in a dielectric, the charges in molecules can move a little under the influence of an electric field. The positive and negative charges in molecules separate under the applied field, causing an increase in the state of polarization, expressed as the polarization density P. A changing state of polarization is equivalent to a current. +Both contributions to the displacement current are combined by defining the displacement current as: +where the electric displacement field is defined as: +where �0 is the electric constant, "�"r the relative static permittivity, and P is the polarization density. Substituting this form for D in the expression for displacement current, it has two components: +The first term on the right hand side is present everywhere, even in a vacuum. It doesn't involve any actual movement of charge, but it nevertheless has an associated magnetic field, as if it were an actual current. Some authors apply the name "displacement current" to only this contribution. +The second term on the right hand side is the displacement current as originally conceived by Maxwell, associated with the polarization of the individual molecules of the dielectric material. +Maxwell's original explanation for displacement current focused upon the situation that occurs in dielectric media. In the modern post-aether era, the concept has been extended to apply to situations with no material media present, for example, to the vacuum between the plates of a charging vacuum capacitor. The displacement current is justified today because it serves several requirements of an electromagnetic theory: correct prediction of magnetic fields in regions where no free current flows; prediction of wave propagation of electromagnetic fields; and conservation of electric charge in cases where charge density is time-varying. For greater discussion see Displacement current. +Extending the original law: the Maxwell–Ampère equation. +Ampère's equation was extended by including the polarization current, thereby remedying the limited applicability of the original Ampère's circuital law. +Treating free charges separately from bound charges, Ampère's equation including Maxwell's correction in terms of the H-field is (the H-field is used because it includes the magnetization currents, so JM does not appear explicitly, see H-field and also Note): +(integral form), where H is the magnetic H field (also called "auxiliary magnetic field", "magnetic field intensity", or just "magnetic field", D is the electric displacement field, and Jf is the enclosed conduction current or free current density. In differential form, +On the other hand, treating all charges on the same footing (disregarding whether they are bound or free charges), the generalized Ampère's equation (also called the Maxwell–Ampère equation) is (see the "proof" section below): +in integral form. In differential form, +In both forms J includes magnetization current density as well as conduction and polarization current densities. That is, the current density on the right side of the Ampère–Maxwell equation is: +where current density JD is the "displacement current", and J is the current density contribution actually due to movement of charges, both free and bound. Because , the charge continuity issue with Ampère's original formulation is no longer a problem. Because of the term in "�0∂E / ∂t", wave propagation in free space now is possible. +With the addition of the displacement current, Maxwell was able to hypothesize (correctly) that light was a form of electromagnetic wave. See electromagnetic wave equation for a discussion of this important discovery. +Ampère's law in cgs units. +In cgs units, the integral form of the equation, including Maxwell's correction, reads +where "c" is the speed of light. +The differential form of the equation (again, including Maxwell's correction) is + += = = United States Air Force Academy = = = +The United States Air Force Academy ("USAFA" or "Air Force") is an American military college. It was created in 1954. The Acadey is an accredited college for the undergraduate education of people who want to be officers for the United States Air Force. The college is north of Colorado Springs in El Paso County. The Academy's goal is "to educate, train, and inspire men and women to become officers of character, motivated to lead the United States Air Force in service to our nation." It is the youngest of the five United States service academies. The Academy had its first graduation in 1959. Graduates of the Academy's four-year program get a Bachelor of Science degree. Most become second lieutenants in the United States Air Force. +The Academy is one of the largest tourist attractions in Colorado. More than a million people visit it each year. Students are called "cadets". +The Air Force Academy is one of the most selective colleges in the United States. "U.S. News and World Report" recently ranked it tied for 5th place in the category Undergraduate Engineering Programs. "Forbes" magazine, in 2009, ranked the Academy the #2 public college in the United States and the #7 college overall in its "America's Best Colleges 2009" publication. People wanting to study at the Academy are judged on their academic achievement, leadership, athletics and character. They must pass a fitness test, pass a medical examination, and be nominated by the member of Congress where they live. Recent classes have had about 1,400 cadets. Normally, under 1,000 of the cadets will graduate. The cost of going to the Academy, Housing and food are paid for by the U.S. government. Cadets are paid monthly while at the Academy but they must be a part of the military for a number of years after they graduate. +The program at the Academy is based on the Air Force's core values. These are "Integrity First, Service Before Self, and Excellence in All We Do". They are also based on four "pillars of excellence": military training, academics, athletics and character development. Cadets study military training and large curriculum in engineering, humanities, social sciences, basic sciences, military studies and physical education. All cadets take part in athletics. The academy has a character development and leadership curriculum. +History. +The National Security Act of 1947 started the Air Force within the United States military. Secretary of the Air Force W. Stuart Symington made an agreement where up to 25% of West Point and Annapolis graduates could ask to become officers in the new Air Force. This was only meant to happen for a short time. Disagreements between the parts of the military led to the creation of the Service Academy Board. It was created by Secretary of Defense James Forrestal. In January 1950, the Service Academy Board was controlled by Dwight D. Eisenhower. He was the president of Columbia University at the time. The board said that the two U.S. service academies were not able to train enough officers for the Air Force. They decided that an air force academy was needed. President Eisenhower signed a law on 1 April 1954 to begin building the Air Force Academy. +On 7 October 1975, President Gerald R. Ford signed a law that let women study at the United States service academies. On 26 June 1976, 157 women went to the Air Force Academy. . On 28 May 1980, 97 of them finished the program and graduated from the Academy. They made up about 10% of the graduating class. Women now make up about 20% of the classes. +The first Honor scandal happened in 1965. A cadet who was leaving the Academy said that more than 100 cadets had been part of a cheating ring. One hundred and nine cadets had to leave the Academy. Cheating scandals were at the Academy again in 1967, 1972, 1984, 2004. and 2007. After each scandal, the Academy tried to learn why the cheating took place. They also looked at complaints that the academic system put too much pressure on the cadets. Changes were made to try to reduce the events from happening again. +In 2005, there were complaints that some Evangelical Christian cadets and staff were trying to convert others to their religion at the Academy. Because of this and how the Air Force deals other religious issues, Academy graduate Michael L. Weinstein filed a lawsuit against the Air Force. + += = = Climbing route = = = +A climbing route is a trail that a mountain climber uses to go up a mountain. +It is often simply called a "climb". +Examples : on and on are climbing routes. +The difficulties and lengths of climbing routes (as well as descriptions and photographies) can be found in books called climbing guides. For instance, is a climbing guide that describes climbing routes of North America. + += = = Chillán = = = +Chillán is a city and commune of the central south of Chile. It has a population of 161.953 people (2002 census). the city was founded in 1580 as "San Bartolomé de Chillán". It is the capital of the Ñuble Region. + += = = Summit = = = +The summit is the top of a mountain or hill. In geography, the elevation of mountains is measured. The elevation is the difference in height between sea level and the top of a mountain or hill. A peak is a pointed mountain, though not always. + += = = Femoral artery = = = +The femoral artery is the large artery that takes oxygen rich blood to a human's legs. Coming from the heart the blood flows along the iliac artery which then divides into the two (bifurcates) femoral arteries, to supply blood to each leg. The artery is very close to the surface where it passes through the groin. + += = = Enterotype = = = +An enterotype is a classification of gut flora. It is based on the ecosystem in the human intestinal system. The classification is done by identifying the bacteria and protists which live there. This is called the "human gut biome". +Research shows there are three distinct ecosystems in the guts of people. People can be classified into one of three groups based on the bacteria in their intestines. The enterotype of each person is set while the person is an infant. +The enterotype affects how well a person can digest food or absorb drugs. Chimpanzees have enterotypes that look similar to human enterotypes. +Type 1 has high levels of "Bacteroides". "Prevotella" are common in Type 2. Type 3 has high levels of "Ruminococcus". + += = = Amy Pond = = = +Amelia Jessica 'Amy' Pond is a fictional character on the British science fiction television series "Doctor Who". She is played by Karen Gillan. Amy is a companion of the main character, The Doctor, in his eleventh form. Much of Amy's part in the story is about her relationship with Rory Williams. They get married in the sixth series, and Amy gives birth to their daughter, Melody. It is later shown that Melody grows up to be the character River Song. +Appearances. +Television. +Amelia Pond is first seen in the first episode of the 2010 series, "The Eleventh Hour". She is a seven-year-old girl living with only her aunt, Sharon. She asks the Doctor to look at a strange crack in her wall. He is interrupted by the TARDIS. The Doctor tells Amelia that he will be back in five minutes. He does not get back for twelve years. During this time, Amelia's family and friends think The Doctor is her imaginary friend. She is treated by four psychiatrists because she keeps telling people that the "Raggedy Doctor" is real. She bites them when they tell her the Doctor is imaginary. When the Doctor returns, Amy is nineteen years old. She is working as a kissogram. Amy helps the Doctor save Earth from the Atraxi. Because of the unusual condition of the TARDIS, Amy does not see the Doctor again for two years. He asks her to travel with him. She says she will go with him, but only if he will bring her back by the next morning. She does not tell him that her wedding is the next day. +At the end of "Flesh and Stone", Amy tells the Doctor about her wedding to Rory. Because of "pre-wedding jitters", she tries to seduce him. The Doctor then finds Rory and takes him and Amy to 16th century Venice. At this point in time, Rory travelling with them. In "Amy's Choice", Amy has to deal with her feelings for the Doctor and Rory. She sees how much she loves Rory. At the end of "Cold Blood", Rory is killed and removed from history by the cracks in the universe. Amy no longer remembers him. The Doctor takes Amy to her favourite places because he feels guilty about Rory. In 19th century France, Amy forms a friendship with painter Vincent Van Gogh. Van Gogh shows a romantic interest in Amy. In "The Pandorica Opens", Rory is found in 102 AD as a Roman centurion. Amy starts to remember him.,As she remembers, it is shown that the centurion Rory is only an Auton—living plastic that looks and acts like Rory. It was made from Amy's memories to trap the Doctor. Rory tries to fight his programming but fails. He shoots and kills Amy. Amy's body is put in the Pandorica. It is a "perfect prison". It was built to keep any person trapped in it alive forever. Auton Rory guards the Pandorica while Amy is inside. She is kept inside while her body is healed. In 1996, the Pandorica is finally opened, and she is set free, by the younger Amy Pond. +The Doctor learns that Amy is connected to the cracks in the universe. He sees that they come from a temporal explosion on the date of her wedding. He talks to Amy about her house. He tells her that it is too big for only her and her aunt. Amy learns that her family had been erased by the crack in her wall. She had forgotten them. The Doctor helps her remember them. He uses the Pandorica to reset the universe and finds the sleeping Amelia on the night they met. He tells her the story of how he borrowed the TARDIS from his own people. He tells her that it is "old and new," and "big and small" and "the bluest blue that there is". He then steps into the crack in her wall to closes the cracks forever. Amy wakes up on her wedding day and is reunited with her parents. She marries Rory. At the reception, she sees that River Song's diary about time spent with the Doctor is now empty. This causes Amy to start remembering things. She says that her "Raggedy Doctor" was real and her memory of him brings him back to reality. After this, Amy and Rory choose to go with the Doctor again. They are dropped off at a "honeymoon planet" between the end of "The Big Bang" and the start of "Death of the Doctor". Part of their honeymoon is on an interstellar cruise ship that the Doctor stops from crashing into a populated planet. +In the 2011 series, after an unknown amount of time, Amy and Rory return to the present. They go back to living a normal life until Amy gets an anonymous "TARDIS blue" invitation to the Utah desert. In the desert, she and Rory find the Doctor. He has aged almost 200 years since they left the TARDIS. They learn that River Song was also invited to this place. They group sees the Doctor's killed by an astronaut. They learn that the older Doctor also invited a younger version of himself. They travel with him to 1969 Washington, D.C. to investigate strange things involving the Silence. The silence is an alien race who cannot be remembered. After a person met one of the silence, they would forget everything about them as soon as they could no longer see them. While there, Amy tells the Doctor she is pregnant. She later shoots a person in an astronaut suit trying to save the future Doctor's life. She sees that the person in the suit is just a little girl. When the Doctor asks Amy later about the pregnancy, she tells him that she was wrong. The Doctor tries to learn more but learns nothing. In "Day of the Moon", Amy finds strange pictures of the astronaut girl in an old orphanage. In one of the pictures, She is holding a baby. She sees the little girl again as well as two Silence. Amy is kidnapped by the Silence. She is set free by the Doctor, Rory, and River a few days later. +During the first six episodes, Amy keeps having strange visions of a woman in an eye-patch. The woman keeps saying that "she must be dreaming". In "The Almost People" it is shown that the Amy with the Doctor is actually an avatar version. It was created with "the Flesh" brought to life by Amy's consciousness. The Doctor destroys it and he and Rory go to find the real Amy. She is, at that time, beginning to have her baby. Amy gives birth to her daughter Melody Pond. In "A Good Man Goes to War", the baby is kidnapped by the eye-patched woman, Madame Kovarian. Korvarian replaced the baby with a "Flesh" version. It is shown at the end of the episode that the name Melody Pond, when translated into an alien language is River Song. River is Amy and Rory's daughter. "Let's Kill Hitler" shows how Melody had regenerated into Mels. Mels was the childhood friend of Amy and Rory. Amy named her daughter after Mels. The episode does not show her true identity until she regenerates into River Song after being shot by Hitler. The episode also shows how Amy and Rory fell in love. In "The God Complex" the Doctor has to break Amy's faith in him. He learns that she is the reason they are brought to a prison for a being that kills by feeding on faith. The Doctor says goodbye to Rory and Amy after giving them a house and car. In "Closing Time" Amy makes a cameo appearance. It is shown that she has become a model and the face of Petrichor perfume. +In "The Wedding of River Song," Amy leads a secret organisation. Rory works for her. The Doctor and River meet again in an alternate reality after River stopped the Doctor being killed by the astronaut. Amy remembers all of her past with the Doctor but cannot remember Rory. Amy finally remembers Rory when she saves him from the Silence. She kills Madame Kovarian for taking away Melody. Reality is restored when the Doctor and River marry. Amy and Rory are back at home. They have had no contact with the Doctor since "The God Complex," but they still remember the alternate events. Later River tells Amy that the Doctor did not die in Utah and is in fact alive. +In December 2011, the BBC's Steven Moffat confirmed that Amy and Rory would be leaving the series in 2012 in "heartbreaking" circumstances. +Character creation. +"Doctor Who" executive producer and main writer Steven Moffat came up with the name for the character. In an interview with Kat Angus of "Dose" magazine, "Doctor Who" writer Russell T Davies said, "So when the new series starts next year with the new Doctor, you don’t just get Matt Smith coming on, you also get Karen Gillan as his new companion. I think Amy Pond will be hugely welcomed, because ... I think he does need someone. A lot of these stories prove that. There’s been a huge, empty space on the TARDIS for a long time now and I think her arrival will be every bit as big as Matt’s. It’s really exciting, and everything I’ve heard about Karen is that she’s brilliant. It’s one of our plans that I’m most pleased with, actually. We’ve held off on companions for a long time, so you’ll get rewarded with a great, big, strong character in Amy Pond, when she arrives. I think that plan’s been good." Gillan said in an interview with the "Radio Times" that she was to play Amy Pond with her natural Scottish accent, She auditioned for the part in both her natural accent and with an English one. Gillan has said that she feels using her Scottish accent better fits the character. +Casting and initial filming. +Gillan, like some of the people who had been the Doctor's companion before her, had already been on "Doctor Who" in a smaller role. Gillan was a soothsayer in the episode "The Fires of Pompeii". It was broadcast in 2008. +Steven Moffat said of the casting for the character, +Gillan said she was happy to have been cast in the role. She says, "I am absolutely over the moon at being chosen to play the Doctor's new companion. The show is such a massive phenomenon that I can't quite believe I am going to be a part of it. Matt Smith is an incredible actor and it is going to be so much fun to act alongside him – I just can't wait to get started." The role of the young Amelia was played by Gillan's 10-year-old cousin, Caitlin Blackwood. Gillan asked producers to let her cousin play the part, but Blackwood still had to audition. On set was the first time Gillan and Blackwood had actually met each other. +Reception. +When "The Eleventh Hour" was first shown, two viewers quoted in "The Telegraph" said that Amy's character was too "sexy" for a family programme like "Doctor Who". Executive producer Piers Wenger said that Amy was meant to be "feisty and outspoken and a bit of a number. Amy is probably the wildest companion that the Doctor has travelled with, but she isn’t promiscuous." +In an online poll, with 3,000 people, taken in late 2010, Amy Pond was listed as the fifth most popular companion. + += = = Emperor Kōnin = = = + was the 49th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Kōnin's reign started in 770 and ended in 781. +Traditional narrative. +Before he became the monarch, this prince's personal name ("imina") was +Kōnin had five wives and seven Imperial sons and daughters. +Events of Kōnin's life. +After his death. +Emperor Kōnin is traditionally venerated at his tomb; the Imperial Household Agency designates "Tahara no Higashi no Misasagi" in Nara as the location of Kōnin's mausoleum. +Eras of Kōnin's reign. +The years of Kōnin's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name ("nengō"). + += = = Monroe, Louisiana = = = +Monroe is the eighth most populous city in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is the parish seat of Ouachita Parish. In 2020, 47,702 people lived there. + += = = Terrazzo = = = +Terrazzo is a building material that has the cross-section of polished rock chips decorating its appearance. +It is a composite material made up of chips surrounded by a binder. It is poured in place or precast. It is used for floors or walls. It consists of marble, quartz, granite, glass or other suitable chips, sprinkled or unsprinkled, and poured with a binder that is cement-like, chemical or a combination of both. Terrazzo is cured, ground and polished to a smooth surface. Sometimes, it is finished to produce a uniformly textured surface that is not flat. +Production. +Terrazzo artisans create walkways, floors, patios, and panels by exposing marble chips and other fine aggregates on the surface of finished concrete or epoxy-resin. Much of the preliminary work of terrazzo workers is similar to that of cement masons. Marble-chip, cementitious terrazzo requires three layers of materials. First, cement masons or terrazzo workers build a solid, level concrete foundation that is 3 to 4 inches (7.6 cm to 10 cm) deep. After the forms are removed from the foundation, workers add a 1-inch (2.54 cm) layer of sandy concrete. Before this layer sets, terrazzo workers partially embed metal divider strips in the concrete wherever there is to be a joint or change of color in the terrazzo. For the final layer, terrazzo workers blend and place into each of the panels a fine marble chip mixture that may be color-pigmented. While the mixture is still wet, workers toss additional marble chips of various colors into each panel and roll a lightweight roller over the entire surface. +In the 1970s, polymer-based terrazzo was introduced and is called thin-set terrazzo. Initially polyester and vinyl ester resins were used as the binder resin. Today, most of the terrazzo installed is epoxy terrazzo. The advantages of this material over cement-based terrazzo include: a wider selection of colors, 1/4 inch to 3/8 inch (.63 cm to .95 cm) installation thickness, lighter weight, faster installation, impermeable finish, higher strength, and cracking less. The disadvantage of epoxy resin based terrazzo is that it can only be used inside, not outside buildings. Epoxy-based terrazzo will lose its color and slightly peel when used outdoors. Cement-based terrazzo will not. +In addition to marble aggregate blends, other aggregates have been used such as mother of pearl and abalone shell. Recycled aggregates include: glass, porcelain, concrete and metal. Shapes and medallions can be fabricated on site by bending divider strips or off site by water-jet cutting. +When the terrazzo is thoroughly dry (or cured in the case of thin-set terrazzo), helpers grind it with a terrazzo grinder, which is somewhat like a floor polisher, only much heavier. Slight depressions left by the grinding are filled with a matching grout material and hand-troweled for a smooth, uniform surface. Terrazzo contractors then clean, polish, and seal the dry surface for a finish that shines. +Historical. +Venetian construction workers invented terrazzo for use as a low cost flooring material using leftover marble chips from upscale jobs. The workers would usually set them in clay to surface the patios around their living quarters. Consisting originally of marble chips, clay, and goat milk (as the sealer), production of terrazzo became much easier after the 1920s and the introduction of electric industrial grinders and other power equipment. +Newly-set terrazzo will not look like marble unless it is wet. So, they used the goat's milk to act as a sealer and preserving the wet and marble-like look. +Archaeological. +Archaeologists use the word "terrazzo" to describe the floors of early neolithic buildings (PPN A and B, ca. 9,000–8,000 BC) in Western Asia, that are constructed of burnt lime and clay, colored red with ochre and polished. The embedded crushed limestone gives it a slightly mottled appearance. +The use of fire to produce burnt lime, which was also used for the hafting of implements, predates the use of pottery by almost a thousand years. +In the early Neolithic settlement of Cayönü in eastern Turkey ca. 90 m2 of terrazzo floors have been uncovered. The floors of the PPN B settlement of Nevali Cori measure about 80 m2. They are 15 cm thick, and contain about 10-15 % lime. +Other sites with terrazzo floors include Nevali Cori, Göbekli Tepe, Jericho, and Kastros (Cyprus). +Terrazzo and sustainability. +Terrazzo flooring is an original recycled product, created centuries ago by Venetian workers using the waste chips from slab marble processing. Today Terrazzo continues to provide environmentally friendly durability and low maintenance, typically lasting the life of the building. With no volatile organic compounds (VOC), it earns further point on indoor air quality ratings. Recycled content is still a standard feature of modern terrazzo. +Terrazzo aggregates, binders and finished flooring systems can contribute to U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) credits, under the LEED-NC rating system, version 2.2. +The evaluation of a construction product for its environmental impact considers the longevity of the material, the composition, recycled materials, maintenance requirements, embodied energy, and lifetime environmental impact. +Durability is at the core of green construction. Terrazzo flooring can be refinished repeatedly, reusing instead of replacing materials. It can be restored to its original luster at a fraction of the cost of replacement. Even century-old floors have generally proven need little more than minor repairs and refinishing to return them to their original beauty. +Terrazzo flooring (both cement and thin-set epoxy) also requires only minimal, low-cost maintenance. Routine maintenance should be no more than dry and damp mopping, with an occasional spray buffing. Waxing or chemical cleaners only serve to cloud or damage the finish. Annual stripping and resealing can be done with water-based products. +Terrazzo is composed of naturally occurring aggregates, recycled glass or plastic and processed cement or epoxy binders. The binders constitute 25-30 percent of the volume of a floor; the remainder is composed of aggregates, pigments and fillers. +Post-consumer recycled glass or post-industrial stone from slab granite and marble processing increase the amount of recycled content in Terrazzo, along with recycled aluminum divider strips. +Both cement-based and thin-set epoxy Terrazzo systems are made of zero VOC materials. Terrazzo produces little or no off-gassing over the life of a cured floor. The non-porous Terrazzo finish resists microbial growth and moisture. +The potential for local sourcing is another environmental strength of Terrazzo. Manufactured on site, Terrazzo installations generally produce minimal post-commercial waste and save on transportation costs. +On typical projects, Terrazzo can realistically contribute to five LEED credits: MRcr4 (2), MRcr5 (2) EQcr4 (1). Terrazzo may also potentially contribute to MRcr1 (1), and in extreme cases, ldcr1 (1), for a total of eight points. + += = = Henry (unit) = = = +In physics, and electronics, the henry (symbol H) is the SI unit of inductance. It is named after Joseph Henry (1797–1878), the American scientist who discovered electromagnetic induction. (In England, Michael Faraday (1791–1867) discovered the same thing independently. They discovered it at about the same time.) The magnetic permeability of a complete vacuum is 4�×10−7 H/m (henry per meter). +The National Institute of Standards and Technology provides guidance for American users of SI to write the plural as henries. People do not capitalize unit names. +Definition. +If the rate of change of current in a circuit is one ampere per second and the resulting electromotive force is one volt, then the inductance of the circuit is one henry. Other equivalent combinations of SI units are as follows: +where +A = ampere +<br>C = coulomb +<br>F = farad +<br>J = joule +<br>kg = kilogram +<br>m = meter +<br>s = second +<br>Wb = weber +<br>T = tesla +<br>V = volt +<br>� = ohm + += = = Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C. = = = +Maccabi Tel Aviv Football Club (; "Moadon Kaduregel Maccabi Tel Aviv") is an Israeli football club. It is one of the oldest clubs in Israeli football. The club is also the most successful. They have won 18 championships, 22 national cups, 2 Asian Champions Cups and 3 Toto cups. The homeground of the team is the Bloomfield Stadium in Tel Aviv, where also the city rival Hapoel Tel Aviv is playing. +History. +The club was founded in 1906. It was the first Jewish football club in Ottoman Palestine. The name was then Rishon Lezion-Yafo. The first match was a 3-0 win against a team of French sailors. After the foundation of Tel Aviv in 1909 the clubs name was changed into Maccabi Tel Aviv. Maccabi was founding member of the Palestine Football Association and the Palestine League. +In 1936 the club was invited to play in the United States. On the way Maccabi played in France versus Racing Paris and Olympique Lille. In the United States they played against an All-star team of New York City at Yankee Stadium. Maccabi also defeated the American Soccer League team in Brooklyn and Philadelphia on their home ground 1–0. Other matches were against St. Louis Stars and the Boston Celtics. They played also in Canada, where they drew 1–1 with Toronto All-Stars. In 1939 they played 18 matches in Australia. +After the independence in 1948 Tel Aviv was the most successful club in Israel's top league. +The 1950s decade is considered to be their "golden age" because they won 5 league championships and 4 cups. The club was almost relegated in 1976 but beat Beitar Jerusalem in the relegation play-off. +In the 2011/12 season they reached the group stage of the UEFA Europa League. The team played versus PSV Eindhoven, Rapid Bucharest and Legia Warsaw. They failed to reach the next stage (2 wins, 1 draw, 3 lost). +Current team. +"As of 13 October 2011" +In an Israel team only 5 foreigners are allowed. The foreigners are: + += = = Ceiling balloon = = = +A ceiling balloon is used by meteorologists to determine the height of the base of clouds above ground level during daylight hours. The principle behind the ceiling balloon is a balloon with a known ascent rate (how fast it climbs) and determining how long the balloon rises until it disappears into the cloud. Ascent rates yield the ceiling height. + += = = Chiyono Hasegawa = = = + was a Japanese supercentenarian and at the time of her death the oldest living Japanese person for over one and a half year after Kame Chinen's death on 2 May 2010, and the second-oldest living person in the world behind American woman Besse Cooper. +Cooper and Hasegawa were, after the death of Italianwoman Venere Pizzinato who was just three days younger than Hasegawa and died 4 months before Hasegawa, the last two living people born in 1896. +Hasegawa was visited by Governor Furukawa of Saga Prefecture at her nursing home on Senior Citizen's Day in September 2008. +Hasegawa died of natural causes at 8.28am on 2 December 2011, just 12 days after celebrating her 115th birthday, and was succeeded as the oldest living Japanese person by Jiroemon Kimura, and as the oldest living Japanese woman by Koto Okubo. Hasegawa, Kimura and Okubo were the first three Japanese persons who became 115 years old after 116-year-old Tane Ikai's death in July 1995. + += = = ASTech Paris Région = = = +ASTech Paris Région is a French group of aerospace engineering companies and research centres. It is in the region of Île-de-France in the middle of France and is mainly concentrated in and around the city of Paris. +There are over 500 companies, including Dassault Aviation, Airbus and Air France Industries. About 100.000 people work there in the aviation and space flight industries. +The headquarters of ASTech is in Paris–Le Bourget Airport. The chairman of the group is Sébastien Courrech. + += = = Shantungosaurus = = = +Shantungosaurus was a huge hadrosaur found in the Upper Cretaceous Wangshi Formation of the Shandong Peninsula in China. It was the largest known hadrosaur. +The skeleton of a medium-sized individual mounted at the Geological Institute of China in Beijing is in length, and the type skull is long. The weight of this genus is estimated at up to . With a composite mounted skeleton 17 meters long (55.7 ft) it is the largest known ornithischian and the largest non-sauropod dinosaur. +It had an unusually long tail, presumably to counterbalance the great weight of the body at the animal's hips. +Like all hadrosaurs its beak was toothless, but its jaws were packed with around 1,500 tiny chewing teeth. A large hole near its nostrils may have been covered by a loose flap, which could be inflated to make sounds. +First described in 1973, "Shantungosaurus" is known from five incomplete skeletons. + += = = Tera Patrick = = = +Tera Patrick (born July 25, 1976) is a former American pornographic actress and adult model. Her real name is Linda Ann Hopkins. She has also used the aliases Tara Patrick, Sadie Jordan, Brooke Thomas and Tera Hopkins. Tera Patrick was born in Great Falls, Montana. She acted in about 120 adult movies. +Patrick has been in "Playboy" and "Penthouse". In "Penthouse" she was the "Pet of the Month" for February 2000. + += = = Rhabdodontidae = = = +Rhabdodontids were herbivorous ornithopod dinosaurs from the Cretaceous. They were similar to large, robust hypsilophodonts, with deep skulls and jaws. The family were defined as "the most recent common ancestor of "Zalmoxes robustus" and "Rhabdodon priscus" and all the descendants of this common ancestor". In 2005, Paul Sereno defined the family as "the most inclusive clade containing "Rhabdodon priscus" but not "Parasaurolophus walkeri"". The Rhabdodontidae includes the type genus "Rhabdodon", "Zalmoxes", "Mochlodon", and possibly "Muttaburrasaurus". Rhabdodontid fossils have been found in Europe and Australia in formations from 100 to 65 million years ago. + += = = Citizens' Councils = = = +The White Citizens' Council was an American group of people who believed that white people were better than black people (white supremacy). It began on July 11, 1954. After 1956, it was called the Citizens' Councils of America. With about 60,000 members, mostly in the South, many people knew the group because it opposed racial integration during the 1950s and 1960s. It responded to integration efforts with economic boycotts and other intimidation against black activists, including depriving them of jobs. The WCC was a part of the "massive resistance" in the South against court decisions that required racial integration. +Federal civil rights legislation passed in the mid-1960s over the opposition of the WCC. By the 1970s, the federal government was working hard to enforce those laws. So, the influence of the WCC dropped very much. People in the WCC went on to found the Council of Conservative Citizens in the 1985. + += = = United States Naval Academy = = = +The United States Naval Academy (also known as USNA, Annapolis, or Navy) is a four-year coeducational federal service academy in Annapolis, Maryland. Secretary of the Navy George Bancroft began it in 1845. It is the second-oldest of the United States' five service academies. It educates officers mostly to join the United States Navy and Marine Corps. The campus is on the former grounds of Fort Severn where the Severn River flows into Chesapeake Bay. It is about east of Washington, D.C. and southeast of Baltimore, Maryland. The entire campus is a National Historic Landmark. The campus has many historic sites, buildings, and monuments. One monument is the Herndon Monument, once a year the upper three classes add grease and challenge the freshmen to reach the tip (usually unsuccessfully). +Candidates for admission generally must both apply directly to the academy and receive a nomination, usually from a congressman. The candidates lacking in academics can potentially receive a nomination to the Naval Academy Preparatory School located in Newport, Rhode Island. Students are officers-in-training and are called "Midshipmen". The Navy pays for the Midshipmen's college expenses in exchange for the students serving in the military upon graduation. About 1,300 "plebes" enter the Academy each summer for the orientation program, this class consists of not only high school students but also enlisted Sailors and Marines. Only about 1,000 Midshipmen graduate after the four years. Graduates are usually commissioned as Ensigns in the Navy or Second Lieutenants in the Marine Corps, and occasionally as officers in the US Air Force, US Army, and U.S. Coast Guard. The academic program grants a bachelor of science degree. Midshipmen get grades on a broad academic program, military leadership performance, and mandatory participation in competitive athletics. Midshipmen are required to adhere to the Academy's Honor Concept. +On 3 June 1949 Wesley A. Brown became the first African-American to graduate. On 8 August 1975, Congress authorized women to attend service academies. The class of 1980 was inducted with 81 women midshipmen. +Sports. +Annapolis has a very broad sports program. All students must play at least one sport each semester, either at intramural (within the school) or intercollegiate (against other schools) level. +The intercollegiate sports teams are known as the Navy Midshipmen. Most of the Academy's teams play in the Patriot League. The football team plays at the top level, known as Division I FBS, in the American Athletic Conference. + += = = Weber (unit) = = = +In physics, the weber (symbol: Wb; , , or ) is the SI unit of magnetic flux. A "flux density" of one Wb/m2 (one weber per square meter) is one tesla. +The weber is named for the German physicist Wilhelm Eduard Weber (1804–1891). +Definition. +The weber may be defined in terms of Faraday's law, which relates a changing magnetic flux through a loop to the electric field around the loop. A change in flux of one weber per second will induce an electromotive force of one volt (produce an electric potential difference of one volt across two open-circuited terminals). +Officially, +Weber (unit of magnetic flux) — The weber is the magnetic flux which, linking a circuit of one turn, would produce in it an electromotive force of 1 volt if it were reduced to zero at a uniform rate in 1 second. +In SI base units, the dimensions of the weber are (kg·m2)/(s2·A). Many times, the weber is expressed in terms of other derived units as the Tesla-square meter (T·m2), volt-seconds (V·s), or joules per ampere (J/A). + += = = Criticism of Buddhism = = = +The criticism of Buddhism is much like the criticism of any other religion. It is mainly done by people who do not agree with what the religion says and what it believes. The criticism often comes from agnostics, skeptics, materialist philosophy, people who follow other religions, or by Buddhists who want change. +Not true to Buddhist principles. +Criticisms include some beliefs that are only found in some Buddhist cultures and institutions. These are not all true to original Buddhist principles. Sam Harris, a New Atheism supporter, and believers in Buddhist meditation say that many followers of Buddhism treat it as a religion in the wrong way. They say that their beliefs are often "naive, petitionary, and superstitious". ("Petitionary" means making a petition, or a request, as when asking for help.) They think this stops the followers from living the true Buddhist principles. +Some critics say Buddhist followers and leaders have been interested in property and money. They think that they are corrupt and are more interested in wealth and power rather than Buddhist principles. There have been many sex scandals involving teachers in Western Buddhist groups. +War and violence. +Michael Jerryson believes Buddhism has been connected to government since its start. He thinks that the inability to understand the idea of a country without Buddhism leads to a kind of religious nationalism. He feels this is found in many Buddhist conflicts. In medieval Southeast Asia, there were many Buddhist states. These included the Pagan Kingdom, the Sukhothai Kingdom, and the Kingdom of Polonnaruwa. In Sri Lanka, modern monks often took part in the politics of the country. They did this even though the Buddha only believed in helping others make their own choice in the government. Peace activists such as A. T. Ariyaratne have also used Buddhism for ways of doing things. +East Asian Mahayana Buddhists also often get money from the government. The Zen priest Brian Daizen Victoria wrote in his book "Zen at War" that Buddhist groups justified Japanese militarism. He said they helped the Japanese Army on the battlefield. Because of the book, several groups said sorry for their actions. +Accusation of violence. +After the 2008 problems in the Tibetan area of the PRC, China claimed that the Dalai Lama helped to create the problems and violence. A Chinese spokesperson said that a large number of guns and explosives had been found in monasteries in the capital of Tibet. +Feminist criticism. +Buddhism has been criticized because it treats women as less than men. This mainly deals with women monks. Most schools of Buddhism have more rules for Bhikshuni (nuns) than bikshu (monks). Buddhists say that in the time of the Buddha, nuns had more problems like their safety. Monks often traveled in the forest and between cities. Because of this, more rules were created for nuns, for instance: nuns are not allowed to travel alone. +At the 2007 Hamburg congress, The Dalai Lama said that men and women have equal rights, but at times, culture affects how things are done. + += = = Iguanodont = = = +The iguanodonts are members of the proposed group (superfamily) Iguanodontia. This is a group of ornithopod families which some palaeontologists think are closely related: +That is all the ornithopods except for the small, fast-running "Hypsilophodon". This is placed in the family Hypsilophodontidae. However, the important reference work "Vertebrate Paleontology" is not yet in support of this trend, and lists the families separately as Ornithopods. The proposal is therefore still under discussion. + += = = Warka = = = +Warka is a small city in Poland in Masovian Voivodeship. The Pilica river runs through the city. 11,435 people live there. + += = = Dark adaptor goggles = = = +Dark adaptor goggles are used in the field of meteorology. They are used for either adapting the eyes to the dark before an observation at night or to help with the identification of clouds during bright sunshine or glare from snow. The goggles are made with red-tinted plastic lenses. The goggles are designed to be worn inside but some people find walking, especially up and down stairs, to be hard. + += = = Digital Visual Interface = = = +The Digital Visual Interface (or DVI) is a video interface standard. It is used to send video between a source (such as a personal computer) and a display (such as a monitor). This interface cannot be used to transmit audio unless it is connected to a High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) converter. HDMI and DVI use the same protocol for signalling, named Transition-minimized differential signaling. +The DVI standard has is widely used in the personal computer industry. Many desktop personal computers and monitors can use it. Most desktop personal computers and liquid crystal display (LCD) monitors sold in stores today have more than one video interface, including DVI. Many other devices (such as projectors and televisions) can use DVI as part of HDMI. +HDMI is a newer video interface standard. Many laptops still have an old-fashioned VGA connector. Many models in the 2010s have HDMI ports. Fewer laptops have DVI. +DVI was created by the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG). It was created to replace the "legacy analog technology" VGA connector standard. DVI is designed to carry uncompressed digital video data to a display. It works very well with the HDMI standard in digital mode (DVI-D), and VGA in analog mode (DVI-A). It is also found in some television sets even though it has been widely replaced by HDMI. + += = = Daidō = = = + was a after "Enryaku" and before "Kōnin." This period started in May 806 and ended in September 810. During this time, the emperors were and . + += = = Kōnin (era) = = = + was a after "Daidō" and before "Tenchō." This period started in September 810 and ended in January 824. During this time, the emperors were and . +Events of the "Kōnin" era. +This era is part of "Kōnin-jōgan", which is a historical period from 810 to 877. The importance of Buddhism and the arts was notable during this time. +Other websites. +[[Category:Japanese eras]] +[[Category:9th-century establishments in Japan]] +[[Category:9th-century disestablishments in Japan]] +[[Category:810 establishments]] +[[Category:824 disestablishments]] + += = = Hessian (soldier) = = = +The Hessians were German soldiers who were hired to fight for the British Empire during the American revolution. +Some princes in Germany agreed to give Great Britain men to fight in return for money and were made rich by their soldiers' services. +There is controversy on whether or not the Hessians were mercenaries, or auxiliaries. However because they fought alongside other soldiers and were commanded as such, they are typically referred to as auxiliaries + += = = Tenchō = = = + was a after "Kōnin" and before "Jōwa." This period started in January 824 and ended in January 834. The reigning emperors were and . +Events of the "Tenchō" era. +This era is part of "Kōnin-jōgan", which is a historical period from 810 to 877. The importance of Buddhism and the arts was notable during this time. + += = = Riverside Stadium = = = +The Riverside Stadium is a football stadium in Middlesbrough, England. The stadium is the homeground of Middlesbrough F.C. since its opening. Its present capacity is 34,742 all seated. There is provisional permission to expand the stadium to 42,000 if it is needed. +History. +The stadium was built in 1994/95. It replaced Ayresome Park. After the Taylor Report from 1990 all top league clubs must have all seater stadiums. Because the space was limited to enlarge Ayresome Park the club decided to built a new stadium. This stadium was built in only 32 weeks on the Middlehaven site by the River Tees. +The building had 30 000 seats but was enlarged to its present capacity in 1998. 4 900 seats were built in the north and west corners. +International matches. +During the construction of the new Wembley stadium the English nationalteam toured the country. The Riverside was chosen to host the Euro 2004 qualifying match against Slovakia on 11 June 2003. But also some U21 matches were held. + += = = Jōwa (Heian period) = = = + was a after "Tenchō" and before "Kashō." This period started in January 834 and ended in July 848. During this time, the emperors were and . +Events of the "Jōwa" era. +There were disturbances when Emperor Junna abdicated; and this time was called "Jōwa no Hen." +Coins minted from 835 to 847 were known as "Jōwa-shōhō". + += = = American Contract Bridge League = = = +The American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) is a contract bridge federation in North America. It is the largest contract bridge organization in North America. It promotes the game of bridge in the United States, Mexico, Bermuda, and Canada. It is a member of the World Bridge Federation. +It was established in 1937 in New York City. Its headquarters are now in Horn Lake, Mississippi. It has a full-time staff of 75 employees in the headquarters, plus about 170 tournament directors throughout the country. + += = = United States Chess Federation = = = +The United States Chess Federation (USCF) is the national chess federation in the United States. It is the U.S. member of FIDE. It was established in 1939, and at present It based in Crossville, Tennessee. +USCF organizes or sanctions over 20 national championships. It provides the main rating system for tournament chess in the United States. It does this together with about 2,000 affiliates, mostly chess clubs and local chess organizations. It publishes a magazine, "Chess Life", for its members and for general sale. Its membership is about 80,000. + += = = Spoken word = = = +Spoken word is a type of poetry that is used to express words without any form of music. Spoken words are used in studio albums with typically the artist speaking about their experience on writing the album or any memories they share with writing the album. + += = = United States Backgammon Federation = = = +The United States Backgammon Federation (USBGF) is an organisation who are in charge of backgammon in the United States. They were founded in 1939. +The president is Perry Partner. + += = = Fad = = = +A fad is a type of behavior that develops in a large population. A trend happens when a large group of people begin liking an object, thing, hobby or a person in a short period of time. This can also include fashion, when a large group of people like a type of clothing and having it "sold out" in a short period of time. + += = = Latin pop = = = +Latin pop is a type of popular music that originated in Spanish-speaking countries. Latin pop songs are songs recorded in an up-tempo form. These songs are usually recorded in Spanish. Latin pop songs that have a lot of airplay can peak in "Billboard" charts such as the Hot Latin Tracks, Latin Pop Songs, Latin Pop Airplay and the Tropical/Salsa Songs charts. + += = = Music of Mexico = = = +Music of Mexico has a lot of different forms of music genres that are performed by Mexican musicians. +Type of music. +Folk music. +The corrido is a type of narrative song that tells a story. Corridos are recorded as a ballad and sometimes as a duet with another artist. Traditional folk music is a type of folk music that is sung by ordinary people. In popular music, this can include the ranchera, mariachi and conjunto music. Mexican folk music are based on instruments such as the violin and guitar. Mexican sones are a type of ranchera music that developed when the Spanish evaded Mexico. Tejano music is a type of folk music mixed with R&B and country. Tejano (or Tex-Mex music) is popularized in South Texas and North Mexico. Tejano began when the Germans settled in South Texas during the 1600s and brought musical instruments to the native people. Ever since, Tejano has grown to become the most widely known type of music in Mexico and has its own music awards held annually in San Antonio, Texas. "The Queen of Tejano music" is Selena and "The King of Tejano music" is Emilio Navaria. Banda and Norteño are two music genres that formed from Tejano music. +Cumbia and pop. +The cumbia music is also popular in Mexico and was brought by the Cubans. "Bolero", which originated from Puerto Rico, is popular in Mexico as a mixed style with cumbia music. In recent year, Mexican Pop music has seen the rise in popularity beginning in the 2000s. + += = = Surveyor general = = = +The Surveyor General is a government's official surveyor. They would be responsible for surveying a particular country or area. These would once have been military jobs, but now they are mainly civilian positions. +The following Surveyor General positions exist, or have existed historically: +Surveyor Generals are also known from former centralized markets enterprises and divisions created after finish of 2nd WW. They controled organized development of industrial areas based on coordination of existing plants layouts with future investment projects. Example as former VSZ n.p., etc. + += = = Australian National Botanic Gardens = = = +The Australian National Botanic Gardens (ANBG) are in Canberra. They are under the control of the Australian Government's Department of the Environment and Heritage. +The botanic gardens are the largest living collection of native Australian plants. The garen was set up to study and promote Australia's plants. The garden keeps a wide variety of resources for researchers and grows native plants threatened in the wild. +History of the Gardens. +The Advisory Council of Federal Capital Territory recommended the setting up of a National Botanic Garden in 1933. A large site for the gardens was set aside on Black Mountain. In September 1949, the first trees were planted by Prime Minister Ben Chifley and Director of Kew Gardens, Sir Edward Salisbury. The Gardens were officially opened in October 1970 by Prime Minister John Gorton. +The Gardens has over on Black Mountain. About have been used for the Botanic Gardens. Plans for the development of the remaining land are on hold until money is available. +The collection. +The gardens is organised in sections; plants are grouped by shared taxonomy or are presented in groupings that exist in nature. More than 5,500 species are cultivated. Displays include: +Research at the Gardens. +The Australian National Herbarium is at the National Botanic Gardens. The Herbarium houses the largest collection of pressed, dried plant specimens in Australia. The Herbarium is operated jointly with the CSIRO as part of a joint research facility, the Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research. It is not open to the public. The Australian National Herbarium is participating in the creation of Australia's Virtual Herbarium (AVH), a web based record of botanical information. This includes six million specimen records displaying geographic distribution, images, descriptive text and identification tools. +The Gardens manages several large plant databases, including What's its Name? This is a simple point of access to the more complex 'Australian Plant Name Index' APNI listing all the scientific names ever used for Australia's plants. A large collection of photographs is also available. +The Gardens' library has important collections of botanical books, journals, CD-ROMs and maps. The library is open to students and the public by appointment. + += = = Tokyo Mew Mew = = = +Tokyo Mew Mew (also known as Mew Mew Power in English) is a manga/anime series by Mia Ikumi and Reiko Yoshida. The series is about five girls who are able to change into superwomen based on endangered species. The girls fight a group of three aliens, Quiche, Pie, and Tart, who plan to take over Earth. The aliens attack the girls by creating "chimera animals" that the girls fight. +The manga was published from 2000 to 2003. The anime was broadcast from April 6, 2002 until March 29, 2003. It was broadcast on both TV Aichi and TV Tokyo. + += = = Local ordinance = = = +A local ordinance is a law usually found in a municipal code. +United States. +In the United States, these laws are enforced locally in addition to state law and federal law. In some states, the state legislature has limited the scope of local ordinances. This approach was made popular by John Forrest Dillon called the "Dillon Rule". The law in such states says that local governments could only adopt ordinances when the state gives them authority on particular subjects. States that do not follow the Dillon Rule believe that local government has inherent (unstated) powers of self-government. In those states, local government can make ordinances on any subject not prohibited by the state legislature. +Japan. +In Japan, any prefecture or municipality may pass under authority granted by Article 94 of the Constitution. +There must generally be a statutory basis for an ordinance, the ordinance must be in compliance with any overlapping statutes (although it may impose a stricter standard or penalty), and the ordinance must be related to the affairs of the local government in question. +Ordinances must generally be approved by a local assembly and promulgated by the mayor or governor of the local government in question, who may demand a second vote but may not veto the ordinance. +Under the Local Autonomy Law, an ordinance may impose a penalty of up to two years imprisonment and/or 1 million yen in fines, although any penalty under an ordinance must be prescribed in accordance with the Code of Criminal Procedure. There are even some ordinances, such as bans on smoking on the street, for which the police in some districts state that there is no penalty for failure to obey the ordinance. +British colonies. +All laws enacted by the legislature of British colonies are referred to as "Ordinances", which sometimes delegate power to other parties (usually government departments) to make subsidiary legislations that supplement the Ordinances. In Hong Kong, all laws enacted by the territory's Legislative Council remain to be known as "Ordinances", despite the transfer of the territory to the People's Republic of China in 1997. + += = = Beitar Jerusalem F.C. = = = +Beitar Jerusalem Football Club (Hebrew: ������ ������ ���"� �������, Moadon Kaduregel Beitar Yerushalayim) is an Israeli football club from Jerusalem. The club has been controversial because of its links with the right wing politics and to the Likud party since it was created. The fans chant racist things towards Arabs. +History. +The club was founded in 1936 by David Horn. He was the head of the local Betar movement. The Betar movement was a Zionist youth organisation. Most of the early players came from this group. In 1938 the club stopped playing because the manager and some of the players were arrested and deported by the British authorities in Palestine. In 1943, they were able to play again, but in 1947 the British blocked the games on the day the 1948 Arab-Israeli War started. A player was also killed when he entered a British camp. During his existence the club was very successful. The team has never been relegated from the Israeli Premier League. It was one of the original 14 Israeli Premier League teams at the time of its foundation in 1999. In the all-time table of the league Beitar ranks 4th. +The farthest they have ever gone in a European competition was in the 2016-17 Europa League where they made it to the play off round. +Stadium. +The club first home was the "Banana Field" close to Beitar youth group's "nest". In the 1950s the club moved to the YMCA Stadium. Later it was shared with Hapoel Jerusalem. The YMCA was nicknamed the sandbox because the field was in a very poor condition. +In 1991 both clubs moved to the Teddy Stadium, named after longtime Jerusalem mayor Teddy Kollek. Initially the stadium was two-sided and held 12,000 spectators. This was increased to 21,600 when a third side was completed in 1997. + += = = John Gardner (composer) = = = +John Linton Gardner, (born Manchester, 2 March 1917; died Liss, Hampshire, 12 December 2011) was an English composer of classical music. He is particularly remembered for his church music, especially for his setting of the carol "Tomorrow shall be my dancing day". +Early life and education. +Gardner was born in Manchester, England and brought up in Ilfracombe, North Devon. His father was a doctor and amateur composer who was killed while fighting at the end of the First World War. +Gardner went to school at Eagle House and Wellington College and studied at Exeter College, Oxford. He enjoyed jazz, but concentrated on classical music and soon started to compose. An "Intermezzo for Organ" was published by Oxford University Press in 1936. In the same year he got an organ scholarship to Exeter College, Oxford. He got to know the composer Arthur Benjamin and dedicated his "Rhapsody for Oboe and String Quartet" (1935) to him. At Oxford he became friendly with Theodor Adorno with whom he played piano duets. +Career. +Gardner went to Repton School to teach music, but after two terms World War II started and he joined the RAF. He conducted the RAF band and played the piano for the dance band. He enjoyed playing jazz and started a swing band. Later in the war he was a navigator in the fighting. +After the war Gardner got a job as repetiteur at the Royal Opera House. He rejected all the music he had composed (although he did not throw it away) and started again by calling his next piece his opus 1. His First Symphony was numbered opus 2. It was a mature work and made him famous. He resigned from his job at the opera house and he had time to concentrate on composing. He wrote "Cantiones Sacrae" for the Three Choirs Festival in 1952 and an opera "The Moon and Sixpence" which was performed at Sadler’s Well in 1957. +In 1956 he was invited by Thomas Armstrong to teach at the Royal Academy of Music. For 30 years he was professor of harmony and counterpoint there. A few years later he also had a part-time job as Director of Music at St Paul's Girls' School in London, where Gustav Holst and Herbert Howells had taught. +Gardner wrote a lot of music for his pupils and also worked on holiday programs. He composed a total of about 300 works. The carol "Tomorrow shall be my Dancing Day" is particularly famous. It has a lively rhythm with time signatures that keep changing. +Awards. +He was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1976. +Personal life. +He married in 1955 and had one son and two daughters. + += = = Sadler's Wells Theatre = = = +Sadler's Wells Theatre is a performing arts theatre in London. It is in Rosebery Avenue, Clerkenwell in the London Borough of Islington. The theatre which now stands is the sixth building that has been there since 1683. There are two performance spaces: a 1,500 seat main auditorium and the Lilian Baylis Studio. There are many rehearsal rooms and technical facilities. Sadler's Wells is one of the most important theatres for dance in the United Kingdom. Several dance companies perform there. +During World War II the theatre was closed and the dance and opera companies toured to many parts of the United Kingdom. After World War II the dance company was renamed Sadler's Wells Ballet. The opera company became the English National Opera. When the theatre reopened they performed Benjamin Britten's opera "Peter Grimes". +In 1946 the Royal Opera House at Covent Garden reopened and the ballet company was invited to become the resident company there. A second ballet company was formed to perform at Sadler's Wells. This was called the Sadler's Wells Theatre Ballet. In 1956 the Sadler's Wells company later moved to Covent Garden where it became The Royal Ballet Touring Company. After a number of years as a touring group, it returned to Sadler's Wells in 1976, becoming the Sadler's Wells Royal Ballet. +In 1990 the Sadler's Wells Royal Ballet moved to Birmingham and changed its name to Birmingham Royal Ballet. Since then there has not been a resident ballet company at Sadler's Wells. +The opera company moved out of Sadler's Wells Theatre to the London Coliseum in 1968 and was later renamed English National Opera. Sadler's Wells Theatre was used by foreign companies and by dancers at the beginning of their careers. The Lilian Baylis Theatre opened in 1988. +The theatre that now stands was opened in 1998. The first performance was of "Iolanthe" and was given by Rambert Dance Company. + += = = John Forrest Dillon = = = +John Forrest Dillon (December 25, 1831 – May 6, 1914) was an American judge. He served on both federal and Iowa state courts. He wrote an important book on the power of states about municipal governments. +Early life and career. +Dillon was born in Northampton, Montgomery County, New York. He studied medicine at the University of Iowa at the age of 19. Shortly after beginning to work as a doctor, he switched to studying law, and was admitted to the Iowa bar in 1852. He was elected as the Scott County prosecutor after a brief private practice in 1853, and was then elected to a judgeship in Iowa's 7th Judicial Circuit in 1858. He joined to the Iowa Supreme Court in 1862 and served until 1869, when he was appointed by President Grant to the United States Circuit Court. +Federal judgeship and scholarly work. +While Dillon was a federal judge, he wrote "Municipal Corporations" (1872), which was one of the earliest books to present the subject, and people still study it today. He was also the author of "Removal of Cases from State Courts to Federal Courts" and "Municipal Bonds", both in 1876. On February 17, 1876, Justice Dillon ruled Ulysses S. Grant's deposition for Orville E. Babcock was admissible in court during the Whiskey Ring graft prosecutions. After leaving the Circuit Court, Dillon was a professor at Columbia Law School from 1879 until 1882, where he taught real estate and equity. He then taught at Yale Law School from 1891 until 1892. While at Yale, he also was the president of the American Bar Association. Dillon then returned to private practice until his death in 1914 in New York City. +A memorial fountain to Dillon was built in downtown Davenport, Iowa in 1918. Sculptor Harry Liva carved it out of Indiana limestone in Romanesque style. +Dillon's oldest son, Hiram Price Dillon (1855 – 1918), also became a lawyer in Iowa, and a Master of Chancery in federal court. Dillon's sister was the grandmother of baseball manager Casey Stengel. +Dillon Rule. +The theory of state preeminence over local governments was called the "Dillon Rule" in an 1868 case: "Municipal corporations owe their origin to, and derive their powers and rights wholly from, the legislature. It breathes into them the breath of life, without which they cannot exist. As it creates, so may it destroy. If it may destroy, it may abridge and control." "Clinton v Cedar Rapids and the Missouri River Railroad",(24 Iowa 455; 1868). As opposed to the Dillon Rule, the Cooley Doctrine expressed the theory of an inherent right to local self-determination. In a concurring opinion, Michigan Supreme Court Judge Thomas M. Cooley in 1871 stated: “[L]ocal government is a matter of absolute right; and the state cannot take it away.” "People v. Hurlbut", (24 Mich 44, 95; 1871). +In "Municipal Corporations" (1872), Dillon explained that in contrast to the powers of states, which are unlimited but for express restrictions under the state or federal constitution, municipalities only have the powers that the state legislature expressly gives to them. This formulation of the scope of municipal power came to be known as the "Dillon Rule". It says that municipal governments only have the powers that are expressly granted to them by the state legislature, those that are necessarily implied from that grant of power, and those that are essential and indispensable to the municipality's existence and functioning. If the legislative grant of power is unclear, it should be read narrowly. Courts should assume that the legislature did not mean to give a power unless that power was clearly spelled out in a law. However, when the state has not specifically directed the method by which the municipality may implement its granted power, the municipality has the discretion to choose the method so long as its choice is reasonable. +Hundreds of U.S. court decisions to the present day have employed the Dillon Rule to determine the scope of municipal powers and rights. Critics of the rule say that it imposes unreasonable constraints on the ability of communities to govern themselves and so undermines democracy, and even that local self-government is a matter of natural right that does not need to be conferred by higher political structures. It has also been suggested that Dillon's approach came from the view at that time that cities were inherently corrupt political organs. Corruption was widespread during his time, especially considering the extensive business ties and even investments of numerous cities and their leaders in the late 19th century. Today, most states in the United States follow the Dillon Rule. This is true even though most people no longer believe that cities have corruption problems. +The Supreme Court of the United States cited Dillon's book "Municipal Corporations" and fully adopted Dillon's emphasis on state power over municipalities in "Merrill v. Monticello," 138 U.S. 673 (1891), reaff'd. "Hunter v. Pittsburgh", 207 U.S. 161 (1907), which upheld the power of Pennsylvania to consolidate the city of Allegheny into the city of Pittsburgh, despite the wishes of the majority of Allegheny residents to be a separate city. The Court's ruling that states could alter or abolish at will the charters of municipal corporations without infringing upon contract rights relied upon Dillon's separation of public, municipal corporations from private ones. + += = = Hunter R. Rawlings III = = = +Hunter Ripley Rawlings III (born December 14, 1944) is an American classics scholar and academic administrator. He is best known for serving as the 17th president of the University of Iowa from 1982 until 1995 and as the tenth president of Cornell University from 1995 until 2003. He also served as Cornell's interim president in 2005-2006. He is president of the Association of American Universities (AAU). +Originally from Norfolk, Virginia, Rawlings received his B.A. with honors in classics from Haverford College in 1966. From there he moved to Princeton University, where he received a Ph.D. in classics in 1970. After graduating from Princeton, he joined the faculty at the University of Colorado at Boulder. He became a full professor there in 1980. Rawlings began his career in academic administration at Colorado, serving as chairman of the classics department and later as associate vice chancellor for instruction. In 1988, Rawlings was named President of the University of Iowa, a position he held until 1995. +Rawlings then came to Cornell University. He was its tenth president, serving from 1995 until 2003. At Cornell, he was good at asking people for money. Rawlings started several new positions and programs to support undergraduate education. Cornell built of several new dormitories and centralized the location of freshmen dormitories on campus (initially protested by Al Sharpton and others due to alleged racial implications). Rawlings promoted stronger undergraduate admission standards. Rawlings began initiatives in certain areas of science and engineering that he considered important to the future (such as bioinformatics, computational biology, computer and information sciences, genomics, and materials science), and began plans for Weill Hall, a large new life sciences building. He encouraged cooperation between the humanities and social sciences. He also worked on an agreement to start a branch of Cornell's medical school in Qatar. +While President of Cornell, Rawlings also held the rank of professor of classics, and continued to hold this position after he left the presidency. He taught an undergraduate course in classics the last two years he was president. At the same time, many students and alumni leaders criticized his hands-off approach toward the student body and his focus on the business operations of Cornell. +After the sudden resignation of his successor as president, Jeffrey Lehman, effective June 30, 2005, Rawlings became Cornell president again until a permanent replacement could be found. David J. Skorton became the new president on July 1, 2006. (Like Rawlings, Skorton was previously President of the University of Iowa.) +Currently, he serves a professor of classical history in Cornell's Department of History and Department of Classics. +Rawlings is a member of many prominent organizations, including the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and served as a committee chair of the AAU. On June 1, 2011, he became President of the AAU. + += = = 1994 San Marino Grand Prix = = = +The 1994 San Marino Grand Prix (known as the 14° Gran Premio di San Marino by the people putting on the race) was a Formula One motor race held on 1 May 1994 at the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari in Imola, Italy. It was the third race of the 1994 Formula One season. Some things that happened at this race proved to be a major turning point in both the 1994 season, and in the development of Formula 1 itself, especially safety. +During the race weekend, Austrian driver Roland Ratzenberger and three-time world champion Ayrton Senna died in different accidents. Other incidents saw driver Rubens Barrichello hurt and a few mechanics and spectators injured. BBC Television commentator Murray Walker described it as "the blackest day for Grand Prix racing that I can remember". +Michael Schumacher won the race. In the press conference after the race, Schumacher said that he "couldn't feel satisfied, couldn't feel happy" with his win following the events that had happened during the race weekend. Nicola Larini scored the first points of his career when he finished in second position. Mika Häkkinen finished third. +The race led to a bigger focus on safety in Formula One as well as the reforming of the Grand Prix Drivers' Association after 12 years of not running, and the changing of many track layouts and car designs. Since the race, many regulation changes have been made to slow Formula One cars down, and newer tracks, such as Bahrain International Circuit, have large run-off areas to slow cars before they collide with a wall. +Senna was given a state funeral in his home country of Brazil, where around 500,000 people lined the streets to watch the coffin pass. Italian prosecutors charged six people with manslaughter in connection with Senna's death, all of whom were later found to be not guilty. The case took more than 11 years to conclude due to an appeal and a re-trial following the original not guilty verdict. +Report. +Qualifying. +Friday qualifying. +On Friday 29 April, during the first qualifying session to determine the starting order for the race, Rubens Barrichello, a driver for Jordan, hit a kerb at the "Variante Bassa" corner at 140 miles an hour (225 kilometres an hour), launching him into the air. He hit the top of the tyre barrier, and was knocked unconscious. His Jordan rolled several times after landing before stopping slowly upside down. Doctors teams treated him at the crash site, and he was taken to the medical centre. He returned to the race meeting the next day, although his broken nose and a plaster cast on his arm forced him to sit out the rest of the race weekend. Ten years after the incident, Damon Hill, who drove for the Williams-Renault team at the time, described the feeling after the crash: "We all brushed ourselves off and carried on qualifying, reassured that our cars were tough as tanks and we could be shaken but not hurt." +Saturday qualifying. +Twenty minutes into the final qualifying session, Roland Ratzenberger failed to negotiate the "Villeneuve curva" in his Simtek; he then hit the concrete barrier wall almost head-on and was injured a lot. Although the survival cell (a part of the car) stayed largely together, the force of the crash caused a basal skull fracture. Ratzenberger, in his first year as a Formula One driver, ran over a kerb at the "Acque Minerali" corner on his previous lap, causing a fault in his front wing. Rather than come back to the pitlane, he continued on another fast lap. Going at 190 miles an hour (306 kilometres an hour) his car's front wing failed, leaving him unable to control it. +The session was stopped whilst doctors attended to Ratzenberger. The session was started approximately 25 minutes later, but several teams—including Williams and Benetton—took no further part. Later in hospital it was announced that Ratzenberger had died as a result of his injuries. His death marked the first Formula One race weekend death since the 1982 Canadian Grand Prix when Riccardo Paletti was killed. It had been eight years since Elio de Angelis died testing a Brabham car at the Circuit Paul Ricard. Professor Sid Watkins, then head of the Formula One on-track medical team, recalled in his book about himself, Ayrton Senna's reaction to the news, stating that "Ayrton broke down and cried on my shoulder." Watkins tried to stop Senna from racing on the next day, asking "What else do you need to do? You have been world champion three times, you are obviously the quickest driver. Give it up and let's go fishing," but Ayrton said that, "Sid, there are certain things over which we have no control. I cannot quit, I have to go on." +Senna would start on pole position, ahead of championship leader Michael Schumacher. Gerhard Berger qualified in 3rd, and Senna's team-mate Damon Hill started from fourth position. A time posted by Ratzenberger before his fatal crash would have been sufficient for entry into the race starting from the 26th and final position on the grid. +Race. +First start. +At the start of the race, J.J. Lehto's Benetton did not move. Pedro Lamy, starting from further back on the grid, had his view of the car blocked by other cars and hit the back of Lehto's car, causing bodywork and tyres to fly into the air. Parts of the car went over the safety fencing designed to protect spectators at the start-line causing nine people to be hurt but not very much. The incident caused the safety car to come out on track, with all the drivers still in the race staying in the same place behind it while going at a slower speed. During this period, as a result of going at slower speeds, tyre temperatures dropped. At the drivers' briefing before the race, Senna, along with Gerhard Berger, had expressed concern that the safety car (which only came into F1 in 1993) did not go fast enough to keep tyre temperatures high. Once the track was reported clear of pieces of car, the safety car went back into the pit lane and the race started again, with a rolling start. On the second lap after the restart, with Ayrton Senna leading Michael Schumacher, Senna's car left the road at the "Tamburello corner", and after slowing from 190 miles an hour (306 kilometres an hour) to 131 miles an hour (211 kilometres an hour), hit the concrete wall. +At 2:17 p.m. local time, a red flag was shown to show that the race was stopped and Sid Watkins came to the scene to treat Senna. When a race is stopped under a red flag cars must slow down and make their way back to the starting grid until they are told what to do next. This protects race marshalls and medical staff at the crash scene, and allows for medical cars to get to the crash quicker. Approximately 10 minutes after Senna's crash, the Larrousse team made a mistake and allowed one of their drivers, Érik Comas, to leave the pits despite the circuit being closed under red flags. Marshalls slowed him down as he approached the scene of the accident travelling at "pretty much full speed". Eurosport commentator John Watson described the incident as "the most ridiculous thing I have ever seen at any time in my life". Comas avoided hitting any of the people or cars that were on the circuit but after going over towards Senna's accident scene, he was so upset at what he saw that he withdrew from the race. The pictures shown of Senna being treated on the world feed (supplied by host broadcaster RAI) were very graphic, and the BBC switched to their own camera focused on the pit lane. BBC commentator Murray Walker has frequently talked about how upsetting it was to have to talk to viewers while avoiding all mention of the distressing pictures he could see on the world feed. Senna was lifted from the wrecked Williams and flown to Maggiore Hospital in nearby Bologna. Medical teams continued to treat him during the flight. Thirty-seven minutes after the crash, at 2:55 p.m. local time, the race was restarted. +Second start. +The results of the restarted race would be determined by the aggregate results of the stopped first race and the second race. From the restart, Gerhard Berger took the lead on track but Schumacher still led the race due to the amount of time he was ahead of Berger before the race was stopped. Schumacher took the lead on track on lap 12, and four laps later, Berger retired from the race with handling problems. Larini briefly took the lead as Schumacher pitted but the order was restored when Larini took his own pit stop. +Ten laps from the end the rear-right wheel came loose from Michele Alboreto's Minardi as it left the pit lane, striking two Ferrari and two Lotus mechanics, who were left needing hospital treatment. +Michael Schumacher won the race ahead of Nicola Larini and Mika Häkkinen, giving him a maximum 30 points after 3 rounds of the 1994 Formula One season. It was the only podium finish of Larini's career, and the first of just two occasions when he scored world championship points. At the podium ceremony, out of respect for Roland Ratzenberger and Ayrton Senna, no champagne was sprayed. + += = = Han Myeong-hoe = = = +Han Myeong-hoe (���, 1415 - 1487) was a Korean Joseon Dynasty politician, writer, and soldier. He was the fther-in-law of King Yejong of Joseon (the 8th King of Joseon Dynasty) and Seongjong of Joseon (9th King of Joseon Dynasty and nephew of Yejong of Joseon). +His daughter, Queen Jangsun, married King Yejong of Joseon. Another daughter, Queen Gonghye, married King Seongjong of joseon. + += = = Kashō = = = +Kashō may mean: + += = = CAE Global Academy = = = +CAE Global Academy is a flight school network. It is owned by Canadian group CAE. + += = = Shoku Nihongi = = = + is an ancient history of Japan written in 797. +This work is the second of the "Rikkokushi" ("Six National Histories"). It was written after the "Nihon Shoki" and before the "Nihon Kōki". +Sugeno Mamichi was the main editor. +"Shoku Nihongi" is a primary historical source of information about Japan's Nara period. +The work covers the 95-year period from the beginning of Emperor Mommu's reign in 697 until the 10th year of Emperor Kammu's reign in 791. The text is an account of nine imperial reigns. + += = = France AEROTECH = = = +France AEROTECH is the name of the French national network for aeronautical and space universities (named "grandes écoles" in French). +It was created in 2011 by "Arts et Métiers ParisTech", "École Centrale de Lyon", "École Centrale de Nantes", École nationale de l'aviation civile and "École nationale supérieure d'électronique, informatique, télécommunications, mathématiques et mécanique de Bordeaux". +The goals of France AEROTECH are to provide French courses abroad, to develop international research projects and courses in aeronautical and space engineering, and to help emerging markets. +To achieve all these projects, the universities created a summer program in embedded systems and a master in airworthiness. + += = = Belize City = = = +Belize City is the largest city in Belize. Belize City is not the capital of Belize. 61,461 people live in Belize City. + += = = María Fernanda Morales = = = +María Fernanda Morales (born in Mexico City, November 7, 1970) is a prolific Mexican voice actress. Morales is most known for the voice of Saori Kido in "Saint Seiya", Kimi Finster in "Rugrats" and "All Grown Up!", and Sailor Venus in "Sailor Moon" among other works she has worked on. + += = = Katie Leigh = = = +Katherine "Katie" Leigh (born on December 16, 1958 in Carmel, California) is an American voice actress best known for her role as Connie Kendall on the Focus on the Family radio program "Adventures in Odyssey" since 1987. She has voice acted in both television and movie roles. + += = = Diana Santos = = = +Diana Santos (born June 9, 1950 in Mexico City), is a Mexican voice actress. She voiced the part of Takeshi in the Spanish dubbed version of the 1967–1968 Japanese television program "Comet-San". +Honours and Awards. +On November 28, 2020, during the 2nd Lavat Awards ceremony held in Mexico City, Diana Santos received an honorary award in recognition for her lifetime work as a dubbing actress spanning 64 years. The ceremony was broadcast live on the Lavat Awards official website due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as opposed to the previous year. + += = = List of awards and nominations received by Selena = = = +This is a list of awards and nominations American singer Selena received. Awards and nominations for Tejano Music Awards were taken from their website. + += = = Roger Bannister = = = +Sir Roger Gilbert Bannister (23 March 1929 – 3 March 2018) was an English athlete, physician and educator. He is best known for being the first person to run the mile in less than four minutes. Many people thought this was impossible, a natural limit of the human body, until he did it in 1954. +Bannister was born in Harrow, Middlesex. He was the first recipient of the "Sports Illustrated" "Sportsman of the Year" award in January 1955. He was a neurologist and Master of Pembroke College, Oxford. He retired in 2001. +Bannister was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in 2011. He died of the disease on 3 March 2018 in Oxford, England at the age of 88. + += = = Kumbia Kings = = = +Kumbia Kings (or Los Kumbia Kings) are a reggaeton band formed by A.B. Quintanilla III in 1999. They won several Latin Grammy Awards for their albums. In 2007, Quintanilla III formed a new band called Kumbia All Starz because of conflicts from other band members. Frankie J became a successful R&B singer after he left to become a solo artist. Selena's widower Chris Perez joined both of the bands but left in 2010 to start his own band with Joe Ojeda, originally a keyboardist from Selena y Los Dinos. + += = = Adult Contemporary = = = +The Adult Contemporary is a weekly music chart that is published on the "Billboard" magazine. It lists the top 30 popular songs. It measures the top 30 songs depending on its airplay, digital download sales, and single sales. It is only based on 85 radio stations that play adult contemporary music. The chart first appeared on the July 17, 1961 issue of "Billboard" magazine. +Recurrents. +The Hot Adult Contemporary Recurrents lists the top 10 adult contemporary songs that are one year old but are still being played on radios. +Other charts. +The Adult Top 40 chart was released in 1996. This lists only lists the top 40 adult contemporary songs. The Top 40 Mainstream ranks both adult contemporary songs and dance-pop songs on 141 radio stations. + += = = Billboard Latin Music Awards = = = +The Billboard Latin Music Awards is an awards ceremony honoring artists who perform Latin music. The awards ceremony are held annually by "Billboard" magazine. + += = = Ninju = = = + was a after "Kashō" and before "Saikō." This period started in April 851 and ended in November 854. During this time, the emperor was . + += = = Bridge (music) = = = +A bridge in popular music is a form of musical notes contrasting with one another. + += = = Wind chimes = = = +Wind chimes are chimes that are made up of tubes, rods, bells or other objects that are made of wood or metal. Wind chimes are usually hung outside a house near a garden. They make sounds when the wind blows the parts to collide. In popular music, wind chimes can be used for harmonic music. +Wind chimes, usually of bronze, were used in ancient Rome, India, and China. + += = = Scat singing = = = +Scat singing is used in jazz music. It is performed by using the voice to make sounds, but not using any recognisable words. A singer would improvise (make up) a solo using nonsense syllables which is like a musical instrument solo in a song. Scat singing probably started when singers like Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald began to use their voices copy the sounds of instruments. + += = = Triglav (mythology) = = = +Triglav was an old Slavic god. The highest mountain in Slovenia is also called Triglav. Its name means " three-headed " in Slovene. An insurance company also uses the name Triglav. +Other myths are related to Triglav. These include "Zlatorog". Zlatorog is an immortal mountain goat. It has gold horns. It is currently being used as a logo for a brand of beer. On a mountain near Triglav, there is a formation in the rocks of the mountain that looks like the face of a Giant girl. This is said to be proof of the Giants. + += = = Federal Judicial Center = = = +The Federal Judicial Center is the education and research agency of the United States federal courts. An Act of Congress () started it in 1967. The idea for a center came from the Judicial Conference of the United States. +The Center main activities are: +The law sets who serves on the Center's Board of Directors. The Chief Justice of the United States is "ex officio" chair of the Center's board. The board also has the director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts and seven judges elected by the Judicial Conference. The Board appoints the Center's director and deputy director; the director appoints the Center's staff. Since its founding in 1967, the Center has had ten directors. Judge Jeremy Fogel became director in 2011. He was appointed U.S. district judge for the Northern District of California in 1998 but has been resident in Washington, D.C., since becoming director. The deputy director is John S. Cooke. +History. +Chief Justice Earl Warren and other members of the judiciary wanted a separate agency that would conduct research and educational programs for the federal courts. They hoped that a separate agency would build the judiciary’s institutional independence. They recommended starting the Federal Judicial center to Congress. They hoped that regular programs of research and education would improve the efficiency of the federal courts and relieve the backlog of cases in the lower courts. +The Center is governed by its own board. The Federal Judicial Center offered the courts the benefits of independent social science research and educational programs designed to improve judicial administration. +In the 1950s and early 1960s, the Judicial Conference and the Administrative Office commissioned research projects to examine problems of judicial administration at the same time that they organized educational programs to help judges manage growing and complicated caseloads. These research and educational programs, however, received no permanent staff or funding. Support for an institutionalized program of judicial research and education increased after adding 60 new district judge positions in 1961 showed that the number of judges alone would not solve all of the problems of overworked courts. Many judges and lawyers asked for a way to bring improved research and education to the courts. +The Center includes several offices and divisions. +Director's Office. +The Director's Office is responsible for the Center's overall management and its relations with other organizations. Its Office of Systems Innovation and Development provides technical support for Center education and research. Communications Policy and Design edits, produces, and distributes all Center print and electronic publications, operates the Federal Judicial Television Network, and through the Information Services Office maintains a library of materials on judicial administration. +Research Division. +The Research Division undertakes empirical and exploratory research on federal judicial processes, court management, and sentencing and its consequences, often at the request of the Judicial Conference and its committees, the courts themselves, or other groups in the federal system. James B. Eaglin is the current director of the research division. +Federal Judicial History Office. +The Federal Judicial History Office develops programs relating to the history of the judicial branch and helps courts with their own judicial history programs. +Education Division. +The Education Division holds educational sessions for federal judges and court staff. Bruce Clarke is the current director of the Education Division. +Interjudicial Affairs Office. +The Interjudicial Affairs Office caries out the Center's statutory mission to provide information about federal courts to officials of foreign judicial systems and to acquire information about foreign judicial systems that will help the Center perform its other missions. +Board of the Center. +The Center's board consists of: +A nonprofit organization, the Federal Judicial Center Foundation, solicits support for the Center. + += = = Master Lock = = = +Master Lock is one of the leading lock manufacturers. Master Lock's products include padlocks, door locks, and lock hasps. Master Lock was founded in 1921 by Harry Soref. Master Lock is famous for their television ad showing a Master Lock #15 surviving a shot from a .30 caliber rifle. + += = = Partnership of a European Group of Aeronautics and Space Universities = = = +Partnership of a European Group of Aeronautics and Space UniversitieS (PEGASUS) is the biggest network for aeronautical and space universities in Europe. It has been created in 1998 by the French National aeronautical universities (ENAC, ENSMA and ISAE). +The European manufacturers like Airbus have close contact with PEGASUS network. +Members. +The network consists of 24 universities in 9 countries: + += = = Kandahar = = = +Kandahar is the second largest city in Afghanistan. Alexander the Great visited the town and named it after himself. Alexander the Great founded Kandahar in the 4th century BC. He called it "Alexandria Arachosia". About 500,000 people live there in 2015. It is in the central-south of Afghanistan. Kandahar is the capital of Kandahar Province. It is an important trading centre for sheep, wool, cotton, silk, felt, food grains, fresh and dried fruit, and tobacco. Kandahar has an international airport. + += = = River Song (Doctor Who) = = = +River Song is a fictional character in the British science-fiction series "Doctor Who". She is played mainly by Alex Kingston. River Song was first seen in the series as a future companion of the Doctor. The Doctor is an alien Time Lord who travels through time and space in his TARDIS. River Song is a time traveler herself. Because of this, her time spent with the Doctor does not happen in the same order his time with her does. The first time they met (in the series) is his first but her last time. In later episodes, River is a companion of the Doctor in his eleventh form (Matt Smith). River Song was created by "Doctor Who" writer Steven Moffat for the programme's fourth series in 2008. When moffat took over the job of executive producer from Russell T Davies, he started developing the character's background. He created adventures earlier in River's timeline. Alex Kingston went from being from a guest star to a recurring actor in the series. Other actresses have also played younger versions of the character. She has been an infant, a child and a young adult. +When the character was first seen, much about her was mystery. After the character's first time on the series, Davies said she was as "one of the most important characters" in the story. He said that she was "vital" to the Doctor's life. In series six (2011), Moffat's episodes showed more about the character. Born Melody Pond, River is the daughter of the Eleventh Doctor's companions Amy Pond (Karen Gillan) and Rory Williams (Arthur Darvill). Kingston had appeared with these characters several times in series five (2010). Because she was conceived in the TARDIS as it travelled through the space-time vortex, Melody is born with genetic traits and abilities much like to the Doctor's own race, the Time Lords. +Appearances. +River Song first appears in the "Doctor Who" 2008 series two-episode story "Silence in the Library"/"Forest of the Dead". This story was written by Steven Moffat. Here, she meets up with the Tenth Doctor (David Tennant) in the 51st century. She tells him that she is someone he will come to trust completely. River, who wears a space suit, carries a diary that looks like the TARDIS. It is filled with her adventures. She is a professor of archaeology. The Doctor learns that he will trust her in the future when she whispers his real name into his ear. The adventure in the Library is River's last real-life meeting with the Doctor in her chronology. It is their first meeting in his. In the second of the two episodes she dies to save the people who were trapped in the Library's database, before the Doctor could do the same. The Doctor is then able to upload her consciousness into a computer. This allows her to live on in a virtual world created by the Library computer. He does this by using a sonic screwdriver that she was given by himself in his future (her past). +After Moffat took over from Davies as executive producer, River Song was in the 2010 series. At an earlier point in her timeline, in the two-episode story "The Time of Angels"/"Flesh and Stone", River meets the Eleventh Doctor (Matt Smith). She is more familiar to him and he is more familiar to her. At this point in her life, River is a doctor. She is not yet a professor. She leaves coordinates for the Doctor to find so that he may save her in the 51st century. With him she goes to learn about the crash of the spaceship "Byzantium". She shows herself to be better at flying the TARDIS than he is. She tells the Doctor that she is imprisoned in the Stormcage Containment Facility for killing, in her words, "the best man I've ever known." An even earlier version of River helps the Doctor in series finale "The Pandorica Opens"/"The Big Bang". After Winston Churchill (Ian McNeice) talks to her while she is in prison, she takes the Doctor to 102 A.D. While River is travelling in the TARDIS on her own, it explodes with her inside. The Doctor, using an device that belonged River, is able to save her and teleport her out. She then helps him in closing the cracks in the universe. After the Doctor removes himself from all of history to close the cracks in the universe, River helps Amy Pond to remember the Doctor. This brings him back. She gives Amy her now-blank diary. At the end of the series finale, The Doctor asks her whether she is married. She says she is married, and answers yes to a question she pretends think is him asking her to marry him. She then tells to the Doctor that he will soon learn the truth about her, after which 'everything changes'. +In the first episodes of 2011 series, "The Impossible Astronaut"/"Day of the Moon", River, Rory and Amy (Karen Gillan are contacted by a future version of the Doctor. They are told to meet in the United States. This future version of the Doctor is killed by an person in a space suit. The Doctor's current version is there with them. In 1969, the present Doctor and company meet a little girl (Sydney Wade) who wears the space suit. River tells the Doctor it is a life support unit. The suit has been designed by the hypnotic alien race, Silence. The girl is later seen regenerating in New York City, 1970. In "A Good Man Goes to War," it is learned that River is Amy and Rory's daughter Melody. She was conceived in the TARDIS and has Time Lord DNA. Baby Melody is kidnaped by Madame Kovarian (Frances Barber) to become a weapon against the Doctor. "Let's Kill Hitler" shows that Melody was trained by the Silence to kill the Doctor. After regenerating in New York, Melody became Rory and Amy's childhood friend Mels (Maya Glace-Green) and grew up alongside them. When adult Mels (Nina Toussaint-White) is shot, she regenerates into her next form (Kingston) and kills the Doctor. When she learns she will one day become River Song, someone the Doctor trust, Melody chooses to resurrect the Doctor with her energy. This causes her to lose the ability. The Doctor learns that she is the person who kills him in his future. The Doctor gives her a blank TARDIS-shaped diary, and Melody - now River - begins to study archaeology. At the end of "Closing Time", on the day she receives her doctorate, the Silence and Kovarian recapture River. They, then, put her in the space suit to kill the Doctor as history showed. In the series finale "The Wedding of River Song", River stops herself from killing the Doctor. This created an alternate reality. The Doctor marries River. He gets her to return to the normal history by letting her know how he plans to fake his death. River goes to prison for his murder so no one knows he is not dead. +The series 6 DVD bonus episodes "Night and the Doctor" shows River in the episodes "First Night" and "Last Night". The Doctor tries to take River on a date shortly after she is put in prison. Their time in the TARDIS is interrupted by two future versions of River. All are wondering about the signs of "another woman" being aboard the TARDIS.. The Doctor is able get rid of the two future Rivers, but not before learning from his future self that one of them is shortly to die in the Library where he first met her. +Online media. +At the same time as the 2010 series, Alex Kingston played River Song narrating the "Monster Files" on the BBC website. It is a documentary about "Doctor Who" monsters. This series had also (in 2008-9) been narrated by John Barrowman in character as Captain Jack Harkness. +Characterisation. +Casting. +For the role of River Song, they wanted to cast Kate Winslet. One of Winslet's first acting jobs was in the BBC1 teen drama "Dark Season", written by Davies. The role of River Song went to Alex Kingston instead. She is known for starring in the popular US drama "ER". On Kingston's casting, Davies said "I bloody love her!" Kingston had liked "Doctor Who" as a child. Kingston, when first cast, did not expect her role to be more than just the two episodes. She later learned that Moffat had always wanted for Song to come back for more episodes. Kingston likes getting to play an unusual action hero female role. +Talking about acting with Tennant and Catherine Tate (Donna Noble) in her 2008 episode, Kingston said, "We just clicked. I've done guest roles on other shows, but rarely have I felt such a warm bond." About working with Kingston, Catherine Tate said, "I'm a huge "ER" fan. When you hold people in awe, it's almost a disappointment when they come in and they're utterly normal. But Alex isn't disappointing at all. She's such a lovely person." David Tennant said, "Alex is terrific. When she's telling you stories about hanging out with George Clooney, you know she's pretty cool." +When asked about the "Doctor Who" dialogue, she said, "I'd work with a medical consultant on "ER", who'd explain what we were saying, so I'd say it with a purpose and a truth. On "Doctor Who", I've no idea what some of my lines mean!" +Conception and development. +The character was first created to help the plot of "Silence in the Library" to make more sense. Moffat knew that the team of archaeologists would have to trust the Doctor, but the Doctor could not get them to understand how he had gotten into the closed library. Because of this, Moffat wanted for the Doctor to know one of the archaeologists but he thought that the idea was "dull". He chose to have one of them know him. When Kingston returned to the show, Moffat told her some details about her character's back-story. This was information that Smith, Gillan and Darvill did not learn until later. Kingston knows her character cannot be killed off because her death was seen in her first episode. Each episode she is in after that is earlier in her personal history. +Reception. +An article published in "Metro", titled "Doctor Who fans love River Song...", said how good comments from fans on Twitter after the airing of "Day of the Moon" were mainly about Song. +Keith Phipps for The A.V. Club compared the Doctor and River's romantic storyline to "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button". +Neela Debnath of "The Independent" liked Nina Toussaint-White as Mels. She said she was "every bit as sassy and vivacious as her later incarnation...it was shame that she regenerated so early on because she brought a different energy to the character". However, Neil McCormick in "The Daily Telegraph" felt that her being quickly added as Rory and Amy's childhood friend showed that Moffat was making it up as he went along. + += = = Oliver Heaviside = = = +Oliver Heaviside (Camden, London 18 May 1850 – Torquay, Devon 3 February 1925) was a self-taught English electrical engineer, mathematician, and physicist. +Although he was well known in the scientific world during his life, it was not until after his death that people realized how much he had changed the study of mathematics and physics. He used complex numbers to study electrical circuits and did a lot of work on electromagnetic wave theory which made it necessary to find new ways of working with differential equations. He did work on Maxwell's field equations and vector analysis. In fact, he was the inventor of Vector Calculus. Part of the ionosphere is co-named after him: the Kennelly-Heaviside layer. His personality was very eccentric and he is a good example of what many people think of as a mad scientist. +Life. +Heaviside was born in Camden Town, London. His father was a skilled wood engraver. His uncle, Sir Charles Wheatstone (1802-1875), co-invented the telegraph and made famous experiments in 1837 from Euston Station. +Heaviside was short and he had red-hair. When he was young he suffered from scarlet fever which made him rather deaf, especially in his later years. Heaviside studied at Camden House School until he was 16 and continued to study at home until he was 18. He got a job as telegraph operator and spent some time working in Denmark. He noticed that operating speeds were 40% faster from England to Denmark than the other way round, and in 1871 he found a fault in the telegraph cable from England to Denmark. In 1873 he got a copy of the first edition of Maxwell’s book "A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism". He was very influenced by this book and it helped him to produce many mathematical ideas. At this time he was working in Newcastle. In 1875 he went back to London to live with his parents. There he spent a lot of time writing up his discoveries, but no one wanted to publish his papers because they were too difficult to understand. He analysed alternating currents 15 years before they started to be used commercially. +When his parents moved to Paignton he moved with them. After their deaths he lived at Newton Abbott and then, from 1908 until death, in Torquay. He was unmarried. +Eccentric behaviour. +In his old age Heaviside became more and more eccentric. He was poor, and lived alone in a large house in Torquay that he could not afford to heat properly. He liked it when friends visited, but many people were put off because he could often be rude. He could not cook, and a friendly policeman regularly came to the house to bring him food. Because Heaviside was deaf and could not hear the knock on the door the policeman used to open the letterbox and blow his whistle loudly. The house and garden was in a terrible mess. He had lumps of granite in his house for furniture. He often put the letters W.O.R.M. after his name, just for a joke. He took to painting his finger nails pink. On at least one occasion he dyed his hair black and, while it was wet, he wore a teacosy on his head. +When, in 1925, he fell off a ladder and was taken by ambulance to a nursing home, it was the first time he had ever been in a motor vehicle. He told the ambulance driver that he had enjoyed the ride. He died at the nursing home in Torquay a month later and was buried in Paignton. +His work. +Heaviside was like Sir Isaac Newton in that he worked alone and did not always publish the whole of his experiments. He wrote a lot of ideas in his notebooks, but he did not think these ideas were ready for publication, yet they turned out to be very important. For example, he suggested that there was an atmospheric conducting layer many kilometers above the earth’s surface which could be used for sending long-distance radio-waves around the curvature of the earth. In 1923 it was indeed discovered that there were complex, ionized layers (called the ‘‘ionosphere”). The Kennelly-Heaviside layer was later named after him. By 1950, 25 years after his death, there were more than 50 stations worldwide experimenting with radio communication in the upper atmosphere. +Heaviside made studies on how to transmit speech clearly in telephone communication. He studied reflection in telephone circuits (these produced disturbing echoes). From 1886 he spent most of his time on the propagation of electromagnetic waves through space which had been developed by Hertz and on the motion of atoms which had been discovered by J.J. Thomson. +Honours. +Heaviside was not interested in receiving honours. Indeed, he never made any money from his discoveries and often found it difficult to pay the bills. He was probably very pleased to be made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1891. He was awarded a £120 a year Civil List pension by the government. In 1908 he was elected an Honorary Member of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, and in 1918 Honorary Membership of the Americal Institute of Electrical Engineers. In 1921 he was the first person to be honoured with the Faraday Medal. +A famous quotation of Heaviside is: +"Shall I refuse my dinner because I do not fully understand the process of digestion"? + += = = Casper Platt = = = +Casper Platt (June 6, 1892 – September 16, 1965) was a United States federal judge. +Born in Danville, Illinois, Platt received a B.A. from the University of Illinois in 1914 and a J.D. from the University of Chicago Law School in 1916. He was in private practice in Danville, Illinois from 1916 to 1917. He was in the United States Army during World War I, from 1917 to 1918. After the war, he returned to private practice in Danville until 1933, also working as a city attorney for Danville from 1927 to 1928. He was a judge on the Fifth Circuit Court of Illinois from 1933 to 1949. +On September 15, 1949, President Harry S Truman nominated Platt to be a judge on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Illinois. Platt was confirmed by the United States Senate on October 12, 1949, and received his commission on October 13, 1949. He served as chief judge from 1956 until his death in 1965. +The University of Chicago Law School named the Casper Platt Award for the best student paper in his honor. Danville Area Community College also named a scholarship after him. + += = = Rock en español = = = +Rock en español is a Spanish language version of rock music. In English-speaking countries, people call Spanish rock "Rock en español", while in Spanish-speaking countries they call rock music "rock". Rock en español has music from the Caribbean such as ska, reggae and soca. Rock music began in 1956 when Gloria Ríos recorded "El relojito". Chicano rock are rock music sung by Mexican Americans, their version has R&B influences. + += = = Argentine rock = = = +Argentine rock is a type of rock music sung in Argentina. Locally, the Argentine's call their form of rock music "Rock Nacional". Argentine rock music has the tango and Argentine folk music. Argentine rock music began in the mid-1960s, after Richie Valens recorded "La Bamba", which became a popular folk song. + += = = Armenian rock = = = +Armenian rock is a type of rock music sung by Armenian people. In the Soviet era,rock music was forbidden because the CPSU believed it was a "Western anti-socialist" influence. However, in the 1980s popular rock bands in Armenia began to emerge. The Armenians blended folk music with their rock music. After Bolshevism, progressive rock music began to be popular among Armenian people. Since 2004, the Armenian Music Awards honors musicians who record rock music. + += = = Beat (music) = = = +A beat is the basic unit of music . Beats can help measure tempos and are performed in grooves and rhythmic music. They measure the pulse and rhythm of a musical piece. They are usually divided into two kinds: stressed and unstressed beats. Stressed beats are the 'strong' beats and unstressed are the 'weak' beats. Time signatures and tempos are created by moving the beats into particular orders. +On-beat and off-beat. +In music that is played in 4|4 time, (counted as "1 2 3 4, 1 2 3 4..."), the first beat of the bar (downbeat) is usually the strongest stressed in the melody and the likeliest place for a chord change. The third is the next strongest: these are the on beats. The second and fourth are weaker: these are the off-beats. +So "off-beat" is a musical term in syncopation that emphasizes the weak even beats of a bar, as opposed to the usual on-beat. This is a basic beat in African polyrhythm that was transferred over into popular western music. According to Grove Music, the "Offbeat is [often] where the downbeat is replaced by a rest or is carried over from the preceding bar". The downbeat (the first beat of a measure in music) can never be the off-beat because it is the strongest beat in 4/4 time. Certain genres tend to emphasize the off-beat; especially rock and roll and Ska music. + += = = Saikō = = = + was a after "Ninju" and before "Ten'an." This period started in November 854 and ended in February 857. During this time, the emperor was . + += = = Nihon kōki = = = + is an ancient history of Japan written in 843. +This work is the third of the "Rikkokushi" ("Six National Histories"). It was written after the "Nihon Shoki" and the "Shoku Nihongi". +Fujiwara no Otsugu, Fujiwara no Yoshino, Fujiwara no Yoshifusa, Minamoto no Tokiwa, Asa no Katori and Yamada no Furutsugu were the main editors. +"Nihon Kōki" is a primary historical source of information about Japan's Nara period and Heian period. +The work covers the 135-year period from the beginning of Emperor Mommu's reign in 697 until the 9th year of Emperor Juna's reign in 832. The text is an account of twelve imperial reigns. + += = = Orientation = = = +Orientation may refer to: + += = = Apollo 1 = = = +Apollo 1, initially designated AS-204, was the first crewed mission of the United States Apollo program, which had as its ultimate goal a crewed lunar landing. The low Earth orbital test of the Apollo Command/Service Module never made its target launch date of February 21, 1967. A cabin fire during a launch rehearsal test on January 27 at Cape Kennedy Air Force Station Launch Complex 34 killed all three crew members—Command Pilot Virgil I. "Gus" Grissom, Senior Pilot Ed White, and Pilot Roger B. Chaffee—and destroyed the Command Module (CM). The name "Apollo 1", chosen by the crew, was officially retired by NASA in commemoration of them on April 24, 1967. +The Apollo Program. +In 1959, NASA (the National Aeronautics and Space Administration) began working on projects where people could fly into space on specially-designed rockets and come back to the Earth. They were doing this because another country, the Soviet Union, was working on doing the same thing, and at the time, the United States and Soviet Union were competitors – they did not get along. When the Soviet Union put a satellite into orbit around the Earth, and later a person named Yuri Gagarin, the United States felt that the Soviet Union was getting too far ahead of them when it came to space. This is usually called the space race. +In 1961, the earliest space program, Project Mercury, put an American named John Glenn into orbit around the Earth. Later, during another program, Project Gemini, an American astronaut was able to get out of his spaceship in outer space, an activity called a spacewalk, then get back in and come home. (The Soviet Union had already done that earlier in the same year.) While doing these things was amazing, since the Soviet Union had done them first, people still felt like the United States was losing the space race. Both the United States and Soviet Union had the same next goal in mind: to go to the Moon. +The NASA program to send people to the Moon was the Apollo program. Apollo 1 was going to be the first flight of an Apollo spaceship. It wasn't going to go to the Moon – it was going to orbit the Earth while the astronauts tested and checked the equipment and machines that would be used to go to the Moon on another flight. +The Crew. +Three men were assigned to be the crew of the Apollo 1 mission: Virgil Grissom (usually called Gus Grissom), Ed White, and Roger Chaffee. +Gus Grissom had been in space before, on a mission called Mercury-Redstone 4. In a tiny spaceship called "Liberty Bell 7," he'd become the second American to go into space. +Ed White had also been to space before, on the Gemini 4 mission. He was the first American to take a "spacewalk," leaving the safety of his spaceship while in space and moving around outside in a spacesuit. +Roger Chaffee had not been in space yet, but he was a great pilot. He had worked with the space program on the ground, helping astronauts who were flying in space. He had been the person who talked to Gemini 4 during its mission, and NASA trusted him to fly special research jets to learn about how rockets worked. +Test and Fire. +Before using any equipment in space, it has to be tested. During the test, the astronauts would do everything they would do during the actual mission except fire the rockets that would launch the spaceship. That meant making everything the same as it would be during the actual mission, so problems could be found and fixed before the mission started. +On January 27, 1967, the Apollo 1 spacecraft was being tested on its launch pad in Florida. All three men – Grissom, White, and Chaffee – were inside. The hatch was closed and the spacecraft was "pressurized" – meaning that there was more air inside than normal, which puts more pressure on everything inside. They needed to do this to make sure that the spacecraft was safe to fly in space. But rather than using normal air, the spacecraft was pressurized with pure oxygen. +Normal air on Earth is only about 21% oxygen, meaning that in a box of air, less than a quarter of it is oxygen. Most of the rest is a gas called nitrogen. In the Apollo 1 spacecraft, they were using pure oxygen: in the same box, all of it would be oxygen. +During the test, some wiring made a spark, and that spark started a fire. A fire needs three things to burn: heat, fuel (something that can burn), and oxygen. In the Apollo 1 spacecraft, the air was all oxygen, and this made the fire grow very quickly and burn very, very hot. In only a few seconds, the fire was out of control. +While the astronauts and the crew assigned to help the astronauts from the launch pad both tried their best to get Grissom, White, and Chaffee out of the fire, they could not. The pressure inside the spacecraft was pressing the hatch shut, and nobody could get it open to get the three men out. Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee died in the fire. +What Caused the Fire. +Even today, we still are not sure just what started the fire. Engineers checked every inch of Apollo 1, and found several places that may have started the fire. However, they could not tell which of them had. What they could tell, though, was that there were a lot of "flammable materials" – or things that would burn easily – in the spacecraft that were near each of the possible places where the fire started. The amount of flammable material, when mixed with the pure oxygen in the spacecraft, only needed a spark to start a serious fire. +After the Fire. +The whole world heard about the accident, and all Americans were very sad about the deaths of their astronauts. Even the Soviet Union, America's competitor in the space race, told the American government how sorry they were to hear about the fire. The Apollo program itself was stopped for almost two years while engineers made changes to the Apollo spacecraft to make it safer. +Today, there are a lot of schools, civic buildings, and other places named for Grissom, White, and Chaffee. Several memorials were built to honor their loss in the fire. But maybe the biggest legacy, or way they have been remembered, of their deaths is the change that happened in the space program: since the Apollo 1 fire, there has never been another fire in an American spacecraft – engineers learned that very painful lesson during the fire in Apollo 1 and have done everything they can to make sure another fire can never happen. + += = = Kashō (early Heian period) = = = + was a , also known as Kajō, after "Jōwa" and before "Ninju." This period started in June 848 and ended in April 851. During this time, the emperors were and . + += = = Halenda = = = +Halenda is a village in Gujarat, India. +Geography. +Halenda's altitude is 197 meters (649 feet). +Postal code. +The postal code is 360032. + += = = Kashō (late Heian period) = = = +, also romanized as Kajō, was a after "Chōji" and before "Tennin." This period started in April 1106 and ended in August 1108. The reigning emperors were and . + += = = Pocahontas (movie) = = = +Pocahontas is a 1995 American animated musical romantic comedy-drama movie. It was produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It is the 33rd movie in the Walt Disney Animated Classics series. It was produced during a period known as the Disney Renaissance. The movie made $141,579,773 in the United States and $346,079,773 worldwide. In 1998, a direct-to-video sequel was released called "". +Plot. +In 1607, Pocahontas, a Native American, likes to be adventurous with her friend, Nacoma, and her animal friends. When she arrives back to her tribe, Pocahontas' father Chief Powhatan tells her that she will marry Kocoum, a brave warrior. Pocahontas does not like Kocoum because he is very "serious". She later leaves off to see her Grandmother Willow, a spiritual willow tree who gives advise and wisdom. Grandmother Willow warns Pocahontas that the British are coming. Governor Ratcliffe lands in the United States (New World) and names it James Town. He then tells the crew to dig for gold. Explorer John Smith goes out to explore the surroundings. He and Pocahontas meet and become interested in one another. Smith shares his knowledge of how his "people" live their lives. Pocahontas is offended when Smith calls her people "savages" because they do not have any modern buildings or a society ruled by a king. Pocahontas then shares her knowledge and shows Smith that family values, life and nature are the most important things then having a king and buildings ("Colors of The Wind"). +After this, Pocahontas and Smith fall in love. Chief Powhatan warns Pocahontas to stay away from the British because of their weapons. After finding Pocahontas and Smith kissing, Kocoum fights Smith and tries to kill him. Thomas witnesses the fight and kills Kocoum with a gun. This results in a battle between the Native Americans and the British. Smith is kept captive by the Native Americans who want to kill Smith. Pocahontas successfully saves Smith from being killed. While witnessing the whole situation, Ratcliffe tries to shoot Chief Powhatan, though Smith takes the bullet to save him. In the end, Smith is forced to go back to London to get treatment without Pocahontas. + += = = Sakanoue no Tamuramaro = = = + was a general and shogun of the early Heian Period of Japan. He was the son of Sakanoue no Karitamaro. +Military career. +Emperor Kammu gave Tamuramaro the title of shogun. He was given the task of conquering the Ezo tribes, also known as the . This were the population who lived in the northern part of Honshū +After Emperor Kammu's death, the general continued to serve Emperor Heizei and Emperor Saga as and . +Tamuramaro was only the second warrior to receive the title of shogun. The first to receive this title was Ōtomo no Otomaro. +Tamuramaro's military successes are commemorated today in local festivals in the Tohoku region. +Tamuramaro's name is linked with payments for construction projects at Kiyomizu Temple ("Kiyomizu-dera") in the late 8th century. +After his death. +The warrior is buried at Shogun-zuka which is east of Kyoto. His bow, arrows, quiver and sword were buried with him by order of the Emperor. + += = = Kennelly-Heaviside layer = = = +The Kennelly–Heaviside layer, also known as the E-region, is part of the ionosphere. It is a region which is between 90 km and 150 km from the earth’s surface. It is named after the American engineer Arthur Edwin Kennelly and the British scientist Oliver Heaviside. These two scientists both predicted that this area existed, although it was not until some years later that it was proved. +In the Kennelly-Heaviside layer neutral molecules are split into electrons and positively charged molecules. Radio waves can be bounced off this region so that long-distance radio messages can be sent over long distances around the curved surface of the earth. This was why Marconi had been able to send radio messages across the Atlantic in 1902, although it was not understood at the time. + += = = Vicente Fox = = = +Vicente Fox Quesada (born July 2, 1942) is a Mexican politician. He was 55th President of Mexico from December 1, 2000 to November 30, 2006. Fox is currently co-president of the Centrist Democrat International. It is an international organization of Christian democratic political parties. +President of Mexico (2000-2006). +Fox was elected President of Mexico in the 2000 presidential election, a historically important election that made him the first president elected from an opposition party since Francisco I. Madero in 1910. He was the first opposition party member in 71 years to defeat the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He won with 42 percent of the vote. +Personal life. +After being President of Mexico for six years, President Fox returned to his home state of Guanajuato. He lives there with his wife and family. Since leaving the presidency, Vicente Fox has been involved in public speaking and the construction of the Vicente Fox Center of Studies, Library and Museum. +Criticisms of Donald Trump. +Since the 2016 U.S. presidential election, Fox emerged as an outspoken critic of Republican President of the United States Donald Trump. +United States presidential election, 2020. +In September 2017, Fox said that he will run for President of the United States in the 2020 United States presidential election as an Independent. Fox however cannot be president because he was not born in the United States and said that his candidacy is only satirical. + += = = Union Association = = = +The Union Association was a league in Major League Baseball. Its only season of operation was 1884. The St. Louis Maroons had the best record in the league, with 94 wins and 19 losses. + += = = Ten'an = = = + was a after "Saikō" and before "Jōgan." This period started in February 857 and ended in April 859. During this time, the emperors were and . + += = = Atlantic League (1896–1900) = = = +The Atlantic League was a minor league baseball organization that operated between 1896 and 1900. Its teams were from the Northeastern United States. + += = = Ithaca Tompkins Regional Airport = = = +Ithaca Tompkins Regional Airport is a county-owned public-use airport three miles (5 km) northeast of the central business district of Ithaca, the county seat and largest city in Tompkins County, New York, United States. The airport is near New York State Route 13. It serves the southern Finger Lakes Region. It is used for private as well as commercial passenger and freight aviation. +For over 50 years, the East Hill Flying Club has been at the airport. The club offers lessons and the use of seven small planes to its members. Taughannock Aviation which provides business jet charter and management is the fixed base operator for the airport. +History. +The original Ithaca Municipal Airport was located west of downtown Ithaca, near the inlet of Cayuga Lake. Its single short runway, proximity to the Lehigh Valley freight yards on the south side, the Cayuga Lake marshes on the north side, and fog in the lake valley limited its growth. Cornell University opened the existing airport on East Hill in 1948 and transferred its ownership to the County in 1956. The former airport site is now Cass Park, including an airplane hangar which was renovated in 1975 to house the Hangar Theatre. +In 1994, the runway was extended from in length to its present and an entirely new, 33,000 square foot (3,000 m2) terminal building opened, replacing the cramped, aging original building. The airport name changed from Tompkins County Airport to its current name on March 20, 2001. The northwest-facing runway 32 has an instrument landing system approach and an associated medium intensity approach light system with runway alignment lights. Runway 14, facing southeast, has an instrument approach based on the VOR/DME located at the airport. A short turf runway was built parallel to the paved runway, but during the 1980s another turf runway oriented north-south was available to the west of the terminal building and was +approximately long and wide. +Commercial traffic peaked in 1990 at 226,813 passengers. By 2000, the airport lost three of its major carriers. The airport was hurt by the small size of the market, relative proximity to Syracuse Hancock International Airport and other regional airports, and crowded conditions in Northeastern airspace. Trans World Airlines, United Airlines, and finally Continental Airlines left to serve more profitable routes, leaving US Airways the sole carrier. +In late 2004, after negotiations with the County, Northwest Airlines agreed to add Northwest Airlink service to Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport, which began on May 2, 2005. US Airways nonstop service to Pittsburgh resumed on November 9, 2005 but stopped again on April 1, 2006 due to low use. (Pittsburgh is a US Airways focus city.) Passenger traffic improved with the additional service; the airport served about 140,000 passengers in 2004, increasing to around 170,000 in 2007. +On October 6, 2008, Continental Connection resumed service between Ithaca and Newark Liberty International Airport with four daily flights. +Facilities and aircraft. +Ithaca Tompkins Regional Airport covers an area of which contains two runways: 14/32 with 6,601 x 150 ft (2,012 x 46 m) asphalt pavement and 15/33 with a 2,018 x 50 ft (615 x 15 m) turf surface. +For the 12-month period ending October 31, 2006, the airport had 53,038 aircraft operations, an average of 145 per day: 77% general aviation, 20% scheduled commercial, 2% air taxi and <1% military. At that time there were 62 aircraft based at this airport: 68% single-engine, 15% multi-engine, 16% jet and 2% ultralight. +Cornell kept much of the land surrounding the airport to build a research park. +Ground transportation. +Bus. +TCAT Route 32 travels to the Commons and Cornell University Monday through Friday, As of 2010, Route 72 serves the airport on weekends. +Taxi. +Ithaca Dispatch (Cayuga, University, Yellow Cab) operates a taxi stand at the airport, although it may be necessary to call in advance, especially during peak hours. Fares to and from the airport are standardized. + += = = Light curve = = = +In astronomy, a light curve is a graph that shows the brightness of light from a celestial object or region, over a certain amount of time. +The light is usually in a particular frequency interval or band. Light curves can be periodic, that is they repeat in a regular pattern. Examples are eclipsing binaries and cepheid variables. Light curves can also be aperiodic, that is they are irregular with no pattern. Examples include the light curve of a nova, a cataclysmic variable star, a supernova or other event. The study of the light curve, together with other observations, gives information about the physical process that produces it or constrains the physical theories about it. +Planetology. +In the study of planets (planetology), a light curve can be used to work out the rotation period of a minor planet, moon, or comet nucleus. From the Earth many objects are so small that even the most powerful telescopes are unable to see objects clearly. Because of this astronomers measure the amount of light produced by the object over a period of time, its light curve. +The time between the peaks on the graph gives the rotational period of the object. The difference between the maximum and minimum brightness, the amplitude of the light curve, can be caused by either the shape of the object, or bright and dark areas on the surface. For example, an odd shaped asteroid's light curve generally has more pronounced peaks, while a more spherical object's light curve will be flatter. When the light curve covers a long period of time, it is called a secular light curve. +Botany. +In botany, a light curve shows the photosynthetic response of a leaf or algae to the brightness of a light. +In low light, the rate of photosynthesis is limited by the amount of chlorophyll and the efficiency of the light-dependent reactions. In higher light levels it is limited by the efficiency of RuBisCO (an enzyme) and the amount of carbon dioxide. +The point on the graph where these two differing lines meet is called the light saturation point. This is where the light-dependent reactions are making more ATP and NADPH than can be used by the light-independent reactions. Since photosynthesis is also limited by ambient carbon dioxide levels, light curves are often repeated at several different constant carbon dioxide concentrations. + += = = Long Beach Airport = = = +Long Beach Airport is a city-owned public-use airport three nautical miles (6 km) northeast of the central business district of the City of Long Beach, in Los Angeles County, California, United States. It serves Los Angeles and Orange Counties. It is also called Daugherty Field. It used to be called Long Beach Municipal Airport. + += = = Bone fracture = = = +Bone fractures happen when a bone is damaged by stress. The bone can be fractured in many different ways. +Most human bones are strong and do not break when hit by strong impacts or forces. However, if that force is too powerful, or there is something wrong with the bone, it can fracture. +Types of fractures. +There are many different types of bone fractures. Fractures are often separated into categories. +Open or closed. +In an "open" fracture (also called a "compound" fracture), the broken bone breaks through the skin. This can cause infection, since the skin usually protects the body from germs. If the skin is broken, germs can get into the body. Open fractures can also damage muscles, tendons and ligaments if the sharp ends of the broken bone go through them. +In a "closed" fracture, the broken bone does not break through the skin. +Simple or complex. +In a "simple" fracture, the broken bone is the only thing that is damaged. +In a "complex" fracture, the sharp ends of the broken bone damage the soft tissue around the bone. +Composite fracture. +This is the type of injury in which the broken bone has passed through the skin, forming some wounds. That is why it is also called an open fracture or composite fracture. Compared to the simple fracture, the open wound has made it even more dangerous since the person suffering from it is exposed to infection. Therefore, an operation may be necessary to prevent the wound from becoming infected. +Complete or incomplete. +In a "complete" fracture, the bone is broken all the way through. The broken bone is in two separate pieces. +In an "incomplete" fracture, the bone is not broken all the way through. The bone is partly broken, but it is still in one piece. There are a few kinds of incomplete fractures, including: +Other types. +In a "comminuted" fracture, at least three pieces of a bone have broken off. This means the bone is in four separate pieces or more (the main bone, plus the three or more pieces that have broken off). +Sometimes people have "multiple" fractures. This can mean two different things: +On average, it usually takes 6-8 weeks for a fracture to heal. However, healing times depend on many different things, like which bones were broken, how bad the breaks were, age (younger people usually heal faster), and nutrition. +Diagnosis. +Most fractures are diagnosed by using an X-ray. If the X-ray cannot see the fracture, other scans, like MRIs and CT scans, can show that a fracture exists. +Treatment. +The best way to "fix" a bone fracture is to make sure the ends of the broken bone are lined up and tight together. As the American Academy on Orthopedic Surgeons says: +""All forms of treatment of broken bones follow one basic rule: the broken pieces must be put back into position and prevented from moving out of place until they are healed... Broken bone ends heal by "knitting" back together with new bone being formed around the edge of the broken parts."" +To help decrease pain from the fracture, doctors can prescribe medications or suggest over-the-counter painkillers. +Scientists have come up with a few ways to "regenerate bone" (make the bone grow again). Their many ideas for future strategies include doing gene therapy and using 3-D printers. + += = = Phase = = = +A phase is one part of a cycle or change that goes in a circle. For example, the moon has phases. + <br> +The seasons of the year, spring, summer, fall, and winter, are also phases. The planet Venus has phases, like the moon: Galileo showed that the phases of Venus meant it must go around the Sun, not the earth. + can be made for things that have phases. Things that have phases change in some way from time to time. For example, a pendulum in a clock moves from some position (called its "displacement") to the left (labelled -x with algebra), to the bottom, and then to some position to the right (labelled +x with algebra). Two pendulums may have the same length, but unless they begin swinging at the same time and place they will not move together. One may be swinging left while the other swings right. When something like that happens the two vibrations are "not in phase." + += = = Jeong In-ji = = = +Jeong In-ji (, 1396 - 1478) was a Korean Joseon Dynasty politician, scholar, writer, historian. His nickname was Hakyeokjae (). +His son Jeong hyun-jo married Princess Uisuk, daughter of Joseon Dynasty 7th king Sejo of Joseon. Great granddaughter Grandlady Jeong, mother of 14th king Seonjo of Joseon. + += = = Los Alamitos Army Airfield = = = +Los Alamitos Army Airfield is a military airport. It is one mile (2 km) southeast of central Los Alamitos, California, and within its city limits. +Facilities. +Los Alamitos Army Airfield has two runways: +History. +In the 1930s the Long Beach Airport was owned by that city and was also used as a Naval Reserve air station. In the late 1930s and early 1940s, the United States Navy perceived as a hostile attitude on the part of the City of Long Beach regarding improvements and maintenance of Long Beach Airport. Without telling the Long Beach officials, the Navy began looking for a new place for its flight operations. Admiral Ernest J. King, then the Chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics, and Admirals William D. Leahy, Joseph K. Taussig, and Allen E. Smith pointedly requested that the city of Long Beach repair the runways and reminded the city that the Pacific Fleet, then laying offshore in both Long Beach and San Pedro harbors, had a payroll of more than $1 million a month. Eventually the city complied with the Navy's requests. +Still, the city continued to show a hostile attitude toward approving a lease on any additional land that the Naval Reserve required. +The Navy was fed up with the city of Long Beach. It decided upon the purchase of some property owned by Susanna Bixby Bryant, a fact made known by the commander of the base, Commander Thomas A. Gray, to the Chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics, Admiral John H. Towers. The circumstances behind the purchase were revealed to James V. Forrestal, Under Secretary of the Navy, and by him to the House Naval Affairs committee who approved the purchase. Although Comdr. Gray had offered Mrs. Bryant $350 an acre, in the best patriotic spirit she sold the property at $300 an acre. The land is 4 miles east of the Long Beach Airport. +With the site acquired, in 1941, construction funds soon followed and Naval Reserve Air Base (NRAB) Los Alamitos began to take shape. The new base provided many jobs and spurred modest growth. On 1 June 1941, operations moved from Long Beach to Los Alamitos. +By May 1942, Los Alamitos was operating with a complete physical plant including administrative office, sick bay, a synthetic training facility, central files, classroom, and an assembly & repair department. With a station complement of about 2,500 officers and men, the initial aviation cadets began their training. The first graduating class numbered 729 cadets, 180 having washed out. By the end of the year, the base's 36 planes had increased to 140, and in 1943, five outlying fields were acquired, Training was carried out mostly in plywood planes. When changed from the command of the Naval Primary Training Command to that of Naval Air Center, Eleventh Naval District, on 15 August 1943, it was used to station carrier air groups. Renamed a naval air station, its flight operations were conducted by a Fleet Air Detachment, with station complement dropping from about 250 officers and 2000 men to 40 officers and 500 men and the Assembly and Repair Department discontinued but still used by the CASU on board. Many CASUs and ARGUSs (groups to establish forward air bases) were formed at and dispatched from Los Alamitos during the war. With additional construction undertaken after mid-1943, the total investment at the station to 1 January 1945 was $4,827,014.64. Growing from one officer, one man, and one plane in 1928, Los Alamitos in 1945 had become one of the Navy's most important air stations. +On 15 August 1943 it became an operational training base for training of fleet units and was reclassified as a Naval Air Station. In addition to providing training, the base serviced aircraft from the battle fleet, including carrier air groups from USS Lexington, Saratoga, and Langley. +NRAB Los Alamitos was initially under the command of the naval operating base at San Pedro, California. Like other Naval Reserve Air Bases established during the 1930s, it fell under the command of the Naval Air Primary Training Command on 1 October 1942; Naval Air Center, Eleventh Naval District, San Diego, on 15 August 1943; and finally Naval Air Bases, Eleventh Naval District, on 10 August 1944. As an NRAB, the mission of Los Alamitos was to instruct, train and drill Naval Reserve aviation personnel living in the Eleventh Naval District. +Many former military personnel chose to stay on in the City of Los Alamitos after the war, living in such neighbourhoods as Carrier Row, where streets are named for World War II aircraft carriers. +As was the case with other naval air stations retained in operating status following the war, Los Alamitos suffered a period of transitions and changes. Under the command of the Chief of Naval Air Training at NAS Pensacola, its missions were to train reservists and service the fleet. On 1 March 1946, while it provided training, CASU 33 supported Air Group 98, but the devotion of activity could be measured by the fact that, as of 28 February 1946, it had only ninety-seven V-6 personnel on active duty as station keepers, yet until the end of September this group provided proficiency flying for more than 1,500 inactive reserve pilots. Meanwhile, CASU 706 supported Patrol Squadron 908 (VP-908), Escort Carrier Air Groups 779 and 778, and Carrier Air Group 716. On 16 August 1946, the first group of aviation cadets in the Selective Training Program came on board, and after 1 September, the station would be used by the Naval Air Transport Service (NATS). On 13 October, the record-making Truculent Turtle, which had flown nonstop for almost 4,500 miles, paid the station a visit. By the end of 1946, with 243 reserve pilots, 1,375 volunteer reserve pilots, 255 inactive reserve enlisted men, and 368 active duty station keepers, Los Alamitos was one of the busiest Naval Air Reserve Stations. Between January and March 1947, the station became the largest in the entire Naval Reserve air training program. +On 17 May 1947, the administration of NAF Litchfield Park, southwest of downtown Phoenix, Arizona, was placed under Los Alamitos to serve volunteer reserve aviation personnel in the Phoenix-Tucson area. With 1,300 organized reservists, 1,682 inactive reservists, 12 over-aged reservists, 7 women reservists, and 583 station keepers, Los Alamitos remained the largest Naval Air Reserve Station in the United States. +On board during the first quarter of 1948 were a light carrier aircraft group (CLG); two carrier air groups; two escort carrier air groups; two patrol plane squadrons; three transport squadrons; four fleet aircraft service squadrons; two Marine fighting squadrons and a Marine ground control interceptor unit; two volunteer units, one at Litchfield, one on the station proper; a NATS Unit; GCA; and an all-weather station. Until it was decided that there were not enough personnel to continue associated volunteer units at Bakersfield Municipal Airport and Santa Barbara, Los Alamitos assumed administrative responsibilities for them. At the station full operations were carried on for five days a week from 0730 to 1630. Saturday night was reserved for night flying. Operations were limited on Mondays and Thursdays; weekends were madhouses as the "weekend warriors" came on board. +On 7 November 1949, Los Alamitos received its first jet aircraft, an FJ-1 Fury. With all FGs replaced with F6F Hellcats, a reorganisation occurred on 1 December 1950 in which there was provided a wing staff with twenty-five squadrons. During the summer of 1950, 105 midshipmen from the United States Naval Academy reported for four days of an air cruise and 112 seamen reported for eight weeks of training duty. Meanwhile, there was a waiting list for pilots and ground officers. When the naval aviation cadet programme, which had opened on 1 July, closed on 25 October 1950, Los Alamitos had obtained a tenth of the cadets recruited in the entire nation. Meanwhile, in answer to President Truman's request for reservists to volunteer for duty during the Korean War, VG-781 requested mobilization as a complete unit, and was accepted – the first squadron in the nation to do so. Three Marine Corps Organized Reserve units were ordered to active duty, and so was VP-772. To speed up training, on 6 March and again on 16 May 1951 ninety-day trainees reported on board. The third group of trainees came on board for training 16 June and many of them and station personnel helped saved lives and property during heavy rains and floods that damaged the nearby town of Los Alamitos. On 15 January 1952, the first helicopter unit came to the base. Also in 1952, a reserve air intelligence unit came to the base. +On 16 July 1957, then-Major John H. Glenn, Jr., USMC, set the Transcontinental air speed record, flying a F8U-1 Crusader from NAS Los Alamitos to Floyd Bennett Field, New York, in 3 hours, 23 minutes, and 8.4 seconds. Project Bullet, as the mission was called, provided both the first transcontinental flight to average supersonic speed, and the first continuous transcontinental panoramic photograph of the United States. Glenn was awarded his fifth Distinguished Flying Cross for the mission. +For the next decade, operations at Los Alamitos were routine. In 1970, however, the Navy closed the station as a Naval Air Reserve training facility and let it serve merely as a Naval Air Station. In 1972, helicopter elements of both the California Army National Guard and United States Army Reserve moved from leased facilities at commercial airports to NAS Los Alamitos. Following approval of an environmental impact statement filed in August 1973, the base was designated an Armed Forces Reserve Center for which the Navy was designated host, and the California Army National Guard was charged with operating the airfield. +The senior command on post is the 40th Infantry Division (Mechanized), headquartered in the large, prominent building facing the flagpole and main entrance artery. +On 23 August 1977, 'ownership' of the base was transferred from the U.S. Navy to the U.S. Army. The U.S. Army 'licensed' the operation of the base to the California Army National Guard. The base was commanded by BG James Benson. Los Alamitos Army Airfield was commanded by LTC James C. Ghormley, III. +In July 2000, Los Alamitos Armed Force Reserve Center was renamed Los Alamitos Joint Forces Training Center. +This place served as the starting line for the 14th season of the hit CBS Reality TV Show "The Amazing Race". The base's status as an alternate landing area for Air Force One was mentioned in a West Wing episode. + += = = Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility = = = +Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), commonly called Jefferson Lab or JLab, is a U.S. national laboratory in Newport News, Virginia. It is near exit 256 of Interstate 64. Since June 1, 2006, it has been operated by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, a joint venture between Southeastern Universities Research Association, Inc., and CSC Applied Technologies, LLC. Until 1996 it was known as the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF). This name is still used a lot for the main accelerator. +Founded in 1984, JLab employs over 675 people. Over 2,000 scientists from around the world have conducted research using the facility. Its mission is "to provide forefront scientific facilities, opportunities and leadership essential for discovering the fundamental structure of nuclear matter; to partner in industry to apply its advanced technology; and to serve the nation and its communities through education and public outreach." +The facility is being rebuilt to increase its energy from 6 GeV to 12 GeV. To do this, more powerful magnets and power supplies are added to the accelerator. Also, a new experimental hall will be added. The CEBAF is shut down from May to December 2011 for installation and construction will be completed by 2013. Full operations will begin in 2015. +Accelerator. +The laboratory's main research facility is the CEBAF accelerator, which consists of a polarized electron source and injector and a pair of 7/8 mile (1400 m) long superconducting RF linear accelerators. The ends of the two linear accelerators are connected to each other by two arc sections with magnets that bend the electron beam in an arc. So, the beam path is a race-track shaped oval. (Most accelerators, such as CERN or Fermilab, have a circular path with many short chambers to speed up the electrons spread along the circle.) As the electron beam makes up to five successive orbits, its energy is increased up to a maximum of 6 GeV. Effectively, CEBAF is a linear accelerator (LINAC), like SLAC at Stanford, that has been folded up to a tenth of its normal length. It acts as if it were a 7.8 mile long linear accelerator. +The design of CEBAF allows the electron beam to be continuous rather than the pulsed beam typical of ring shaped accelerators. (There is some beam structure but the pulses are very much shorter and closer together.) The electron beam is directed onto three potential targets (see below). One of the distinguishing features of JLab is the continuous nature of the electron beam, with a bunch length of less than 1 picosecond. Another is JLab's use of superconducting RF (SRF) technology, which uses liquid helium to cool niobium to approximately 4 K (−452.5°F), removing electrical resistance and allowing the most efficient transfer of energy to an electron. To achieve this, JLab uses the world's largest liquid helium refrigerator, and was one of the first large-scale implementators of SRF technology. The accelerator is built 8 meters, or approximately 25 feet, below the Earth's surface, and the walls of the accelerator tunnels are 2 feet thick. +The beam ends in three experimental halls, called Hall A, Hall B, and Hall C. Each hall contains a unique spectrometer to record the results of collisions between the electron beam and a stationary target. This allows physicists to study the structure of the atomic nucleus, specifically the interaction of the quarks that make up protons and neutrons of the nucleus. +Particle behavior. +Each time around the loop, the beam passes through each of the two LINAC accelerators, but through a different set of bending magnets. (Each set is designed to handle a different beam speed.) The electrons make up to five passes through the LINAC accelerators. +Collision event. +When a nucleus in the target is hit by an electron from the beam, an "interaction", or "event", occurs, scattering particles into the hall. Each hall contains an array of particle detectors that track the physical properties of the particles produced by the event. The detectors generate electrical pulses that are converted into digital values by analog to digital converters (ADCs), time to digital converters (TDCs) and pulse counters (scalers). +This digital data must be gathered and stored so that the physicist can later analyze the data and reconstruct the physics that occurred. The system of electronics and computers that perform this task is called a data acquisition system. +12 GeV upgrade. +As of June 2010, construction has begun an additional end station, Hall D, on the opposite end of the accelerator from the other three halls, as well as an upgrade which doubles the beam energy to 12 GeV. Concurrently, an addition to the Test Lab, (where the SRF cavities used in CEBAF and other accelerators used worldwide are manufactured) is being constructed. +Free-electron laser. +JLab houses the world's most powerful tunable free-electron laser, with an output of over 14 kilowatts. The United States Navy funds this research to develop an laser that could shoot down missiles. Because the lab does classified military research, it is closed to the public except for an open house held once every two years. +The JLab free-electron laser uses an energy recovery LINAC. Electrons are injected into a linear accelerator. The fast-moving electrons then pass through a wiggler which produces a bright laser light beam. The electrons are then captured and steered back to the injection end of the LINAC where they transfer most of their energy to a new batch of electrons to repeat the process. By reusing the electrons and most of their energy, the free-electron laser requires less electricity to operate. The JLab is the first energy recovery LINAC to produce ultravoliet light. Cornell University is now trying to build one to produce X-rays. +CODA. +Since CEBAF has three complementary experiments running simultaneously, it was decided that the three data acquisition systems should be as similar as possible, so that physicists moving from one experiment to another would find a familiar environment. To that end, a group of specialist physicists was hired to form a data acquisition development group to develop a common system for all three halls. CODA, the CEBAF Online Data Acquisition system, was the result +Description. +CODA is a set of software tools and recommended hardware that helps build a data acquisition system for nuclear physics experiments. In nuclear and particle physics experiments, the particle tracks are digitized by the data acquisition system, but the detectors are capable of generating a large number of possible measurements, or "data channels". +The ADC, TDC and other digital electronics are typically large circuit boards with connectors at the front edge that provide input and output for digital signals, and a connector at the back that plugs into a backplane. A group of boards are plugged into a chassis, or "crate", that provides physical support, power and cooling for the boards and backplane. This arrangement allows electronics capable of digitizing many hundreds of channels to fit into a single chassis. +In the CODA system, each chassis contains a board that is an intelligent controller for the rest of the chassis. This board, called a ReadOut Controller (ROC), configures each of the digitizing boards upon first receiving data, reads the data from the digitizers, and formats the data for later analysis. + += = = Veszprém = = = +Veszprém (ˈvɛspreːm; ) is one of the oldest urban areas in Hungary, and a city with county rights. The city is not far from Lake Balaton. about 15 km (9 mi). It is the administrative center of the county (comitatus or 'megye') of the same name. +Location. +Veszprém lies on both sides of the Séd creek, approximately from Budapest (via the M7 highway and Road 8). It can also be reached from Győr via Road 82 and from Székesfehérvár via Road 8. +Population. +1870: 14279<br> +1880: 14726<br> +1890: 14807<br> +1900: 16223<br> +1910: 16864<br> +1920: 17513<br> +1930: 19991<br> +1941: 24025<br> +1949: 20682<br> +1960: 28222<br> +1970: 40415<br> +1980: 57249<br> +1990: 63867<br> +2001: 62851<br> +2011: 64339<br> +Ethnic groups (2001 census) +Religions (2001 census) +Twin towns — Sister cities. +Veszprém is twinned with: + += = = Colo-Colo = = = +Club Social y Deportivo Colo-Colo is a Chilean football club. They play in the Primera División. They are the top-flight football league in Chile. Their home ground is the Estadio Monumental David Arellano in the commune of Macul, Santiago. They are the most successful football club in their country. + += = = Club Deportivo Universidad Católica = = = +Club Deportivo Universidad Católica is a football club in Santiago de Chile now playing in the Primera División. +It is one of the most successful and popular football clubs in Chile as one of the three "big teams". The most traditional rival is the Universidad de Chile, frequently called the "Clásico Universitario". + += = = Club Universidad de Chile = = = +Club Universidad de Chile is a football club in Santiago de Chile playing in the Chilean Primera División. + += = = Mia Kihl = = = +Maria Kihl or Mia Kihl (born April 23, 1979 in Stockholm), is a Swedish voice actress. + += = = William Golding = = = +Sir William Golding (19 September 1911 – 19 June 1993) was an English writer. He was a novelist, poet, playwright, and teacher. He is famous for his novel "Lord of the Flies". He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1983. In 2008, "The Times" ranked Golding third on its list of "The 50 Greatest British writers since 1945". +Life. +Early life. +Golding was born in Newquay, Cornwall, England on 19 September 1911. He grew up in Marlborough, Wiltshire. His father, Alec Golding, was a schoolmaster at Marlborough Grammar School. Golding and his older brother, Joseph, went to their father's school. In 1930, Golding went to Brasenose College at the University of Oxford. He studied Natural science and then English literature there. Golding graduated with an MA in 1935. +Early career. +Golding then worked as an actor, producer and a writer. Then he became a teacher at Bishop Wordsworth's School, Salisbury. Golding joined the Royal Navy in 1940. When World War II ended, Golding continued teaching and writing. He left Bishop Wordsworth's School in 1961 and began writing full-time. +Writing career. +Golding's first published novel was "Lord of the Flies". Golding used his experience of the Second World War and his teaching knowledge of children to write the book. "Lord of the Flies" is a story about a group of school boys who are trapped on a desert island. The children quickly become savages and begin to murder each other. The novel gained widespread interest because of its political message. +Golding went on to write many more books, including "The Inheritors", "Rites of Passage" and many others. He had a rather pessimistic view of humanity. His novels are often set in closed communities, such as islands, villages, monasteries, groups of hunter-gatherers, ships at sea or a pharaoh's court. +Later life. +Golding was knighted for his work in 1988. He died five years later, on 19 June 1993, of heart failure in Cornwall. + += = = Verse-chorus form = = = +Verse-chorus form is a musical form that is common in popular music. Verse-chorus forms have been the basis for rock music since the 1960s. + += = = Homesickness = = = +Homesickness is a feeling of unhappiness a person may have when away from home or from familiar surroundings or people. It has a similar meaning to the word "nostalgia". +Homesickness is not about how much you miss your home. It is about how much dependent you are on other people or your parents, how much pampered you are or how much difficult it is for you to be in a different place. People sometimes become homesick when they travel. They miss their own home and desperately want to go back. Children may often feel homesick, especially when they are away from their parents for the first time. Usually these feelings will go away as one gets used to the new environment, but sometimes homesickness can make a person depressed. +People may easily feel homesick if they travel to an environment in which the culture is very difficult to what they are used to, and especially if a foreign language is being spoken. Children who are sent away to boarding school will very often feel homesick. +A good way to help children overcome (or avoid) homesickness is to start with being away from home just for short periods, staying with people they know well, e.g. grandparents or good friends. + += = = George Crabbe = = = +George Crabbe (born Aldeburgh, Suffolk, 24 December 1754; died Trowbridge, Wiltshire, 3 February 1832) was an English poet and naturalist. His poem "The Borough" which describes life in a small town in Suffolk, inspired Benjamin Britten to compose his opera "Peter Grimes". +Life. +George Crabbe was born in Aldeburgh, Suffolk. His father was a tax collector. As a child he loved poetry. In 1768, he was apprenticed to a local doctor, but he did not learn much from him. In 1771 he changed masters and moved to Woodbridge. There he met Sarah Elmy, who was to become his wife. She had the patience to wait until he had finished his medical studies before marrying him. She encouraged him in his verse writing. In 1775 he published his first work: "Inebriety". In 1780 he decided to give up being a doctor. He borrowed some money and went to London where he tried to become known as a poet. It took several years, during which time he became a clergyman. He became chaplain to the Duke of Rutland at Belvoir Castle in Leicestershire. +Crabbe became well-known when he wrote a poem called "The Village" (1783). It was a long poem which described life in the country as he had known it. In 1783, he married Sarah. In 1814, he became Rector of Trowbridge in Wiltshire, where he stayed. Now that he had a family he did not feel any more need to write poetry and so he wrote nothing for 22 years. He then wrote more poems about the village community, including "The Borough" (1810). By the time of his death, he was well known and a friend of William Wordsworth, Sir Walter Scott and other important literary figures of the time. +Crabbe also knew a lot about insects and made a detailed study of beetles. +Use in 20th century opera. +Like George Crabbe, the composer Benjamin Britten (1913-1976) also came from Aldeburgh. When he was in America during World War II he read Crabbe's poem "The Borough". It made him homesick and he decided to return to England. He wrote an opera "Peter Grimes" which was based on Crabbe's poem. It is one of the greatest operas of the 20th century. + += = = Near-Earth object = = = +A near-Earth object (NEO) is a Solar System object whose orbit brings it close to the Earth. +Their least distance from the Sun, their perihelion, is less than 1.3 AU. NEOs include near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) and near-Earth comets. +They include more than ten thousand near-Earth asteroids (NEAs), near-Earth comets, some solar-orbiting spacecraft, and meteoroids large enough to be tracked in space before striking the Earth. Collisions in the past have had a significant role in shaping the geological and biological history of the planet. +In some cases NEOs hit the Earth. Most of these meteors explode harmlessly in the upper atmosphere. But some NEOs are dangerous. We try to find out when one is going to hit Earth using impact prediction. On 30 June 1908, a meteorite of around 45 metres in diameter exploded over the basin of the Podkamennaya Tunguska River. It released an energy of 10–15 megatons of TNT and destroyed roughly 2,000 square kilometres of forest. +Because the location was remote, no deaths were recorded. The Association of Space Explorers estimates that a Tunguksa-like event happens two or three times every thousand years on average. An asteroid roughly 10 km in diameter is thought to have hit Earth 66 million years ago and caused the K/T extinction event, including the extinction of all non-avian dinosaurs. +Such an explosion, similar to one of the biggest nuclear weapons, could have razed London about as far out as the M25 ring road. + += = = Hōki = = = + was a after "Jingo-keiun" and before "Ten'ō." This period started in October 770 and ended in January 781. During this time, the emperor was . + += = = Cyclopia = = = +Cyclopia (also called cyclocephaly or synophthalmia) is a birth defect. Cyclopia is characterized by a failure of the prosencephalon to separate the two orbits (eyes). This leads to the formation of a central deformed eye and an absence of a nasal cavity. It causes can be either genetic, or as a result of an exposure to poisons. The term "cyclopia" comes from Cyclops, a giant one-eyed creature the Greek Greek mythology. +Babies with Cyclopia rarely live longer than one day. + += = = Hoki = = = +Hoki may mean: + += = = Hōki Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Tottori Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Inaba, Mimasaka, Bitchū, Bingo, and Izumo Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was near Kurayoshi. A major castle town was at Yonago. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Izu Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Shitori jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Hōki. + += = = Free-electron laser = = = +A free-electron laser, or FEL, is a laser that produces a very bright beam of light. It is basically a super flashlight. It shares the same optical properties as conventional lasers such as emitting a beam consisting of coherent electromagnetic radiation which can reach high power. The FEL used operating principles to form the beam that are very different operating principles of a conventional laser. Unlike gas, liquid, or solid-state lasers such as diode lasers, in which electrons are excited while bound to atoms, FELs use a relativistic electron beam as the lasing medium which moves freely through a magnetic structure, hence the term "free electron." The free-electron laser has the widest frequency range of any laser type, and can be widely tunable, currently ranging in wavelength from microwaves, through terahertz radiation and infrared, to the visible spectrum, to ultraviolet, to X-rays. +Free—electron lasers were invented by John Madey in 1976 at Stanford University. The work builds on research done by Hans Motz and his coworkers who made the first undulator at Stanford in 1953 using the wiggler magnetic configuration which is at the heart of a free-electron laser. Madey used a 24 MeV electron beam and 5 m long wiggler to amplify a signal. Soon afterward, other laboratories with accelerators started developing such lasers. +Free-electron lasers use a lot of electricity when they operate. To reduce the energy needed to keep them operating, scientist use an energy recovery linear accelerator to recycle the high-energy electron beam that activates the laser. + += = = Janet Baker = = = +Dame Janet Baker, CH, DBE, FRSA (born 21 August 1933) is an English mezzo-soprano. From the 1950s to the 1980s she was one of the best known classical music singers in opera, concert, and lieder. She sang a lot of Baroque music including early Italian opera as well as works by modern composers, especially those of Benjamin Britten. +Her life. +Janet Baker was born in Hatfield, South Yorkshire in the north of England. Her father was an engineer who sang in a male voice choir. She went to York College for Girls and then Wintringham Girls' Grammar School in Grimsby. In her early years she worked in a bank. She went to London in 1953 where she had singing lessons from Meriel St Clair and Helene Isepp, whose son Martin became her regular accompanist. She was knocked down by a bus in 1956 and had concussion and a back injury which often gave her pain. That same year, she came second in the Kathleen Ferrier Memorial Competition at the Wigmore Hall, which started to make her famous. +Debut. +In 1956, Baker sang in opera for the first time with the Oxford University Opera Club as Miss Róza in Smetana's "The Secret". That year, she also sing at Glyndebourne. In 1959, she sang Eduige in the Handel Opera Society's "Rodelinda"; other Handel roles included "Ariodante" (1964), of which she later made an excellent recording with Raymond Leppard, and "Orlando" (1966), which she sang at the Barber Institute, Birmingham. +Opera. +With the English Opera Group at Aldeburgh, Baker sang Purcell's "Dido and Aeneas" in 1962, Polly (Benjamin Britten's version of "The Beggar's Opera") and Lucretia (in Britten's "The Rape of Lucretia"). At Glyndebourne she appeared again as Dido (1966) and as Diana/Jupiter in Francesco Cavalli's "La Calisto", and Penelope in Monteverdi's "Il ritorno d'Ulisse in Patria". For Scottish Opera she sang Dorabella in Mozart's "Così fan tutte", Dido, Octavian in Richard Strauss's "Der Rosenkavalier", the Composer in "Ariadne auf Naxos" and the role of Orfeo in Gluck's "Orfeo ed Euridice". She sang that role everywhere and she is often associated with it. +In 1966, Baker made her first appearance as Hermia at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, and went on to sing Berlioz's Dido, Kate in Britten's "Owen Wingrave", Mozart's Vitellia and Idamantes, Cressida in William Walton's "Troilus and Cressida" and the title role in Gluck's "Alceste" (1981) there. For the English National Opera, she sang the title role in Monteverdi's L'incoronazione di Poppea (1971), Charlotte in Massenet's "Werther", and the title roles in Donizetti's "Maria Stuarda" and Handel's "Giulio Cesare". +Oratorio and song. +As well as opera, Janet Baker often sang oratorio roles and gave solo recitals. Among her best recordings are her singing of the Angel in Elgar's "The Dream of Gerontius", made with Sir John Barbirolli in December 1964 and Sir Simon Rattle over twenty years later; her 1965 performances of Elgar's "Sea Pictures" and Mahler's Rückert-Lieder, also recorded with Barbirolli; and, also from 1965, the first commercial recording of Ralph Vaughan Williams's Christmas oratorio "Hodie" under Sir David Willcocks. In 1976, she gave the first performance of Britten’s the solo cantata "Phaedra" which had been written for her. +Retirement. +Dame Janet Baker's last operatic appearance was as Orfeo in Gluck's "Orfeo ed Euridice", on 17 July 1982, at Glyndebourne. She published a memoir, "Full Circle", in 1982. In 1991, Baker was elected Chancellor of the University of York, a position she kept until 2004. +Honours and awards. +Baker received many awards, including a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in 1976 and a member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) in 1993. +She married in 1957. + += = = Jingo-keiun = = = + was a after "Tenpyō-jingo" and before "Hōki." This period started in August 767 and ended in October 770. The reigning monarch was . This was the same woman who had reigned as the former . +Events of the "Jingo-keiun" era. +The "Jingō-kaihō"' was a copper coin issued from 765 to 796. It had a diameter of about 23 mm and a weight of between 3.4 and 4.5 grams. + += = = Inaba Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Tottori Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Harima, Hōki, Mimasaka, and Tajima Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was at Tottori city. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Inaba Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Ube jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Inaba. + += = = Iwami Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Shimane Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . The province had borders with Aki, Bingo, Izumo, Nagato, and Suō provinces. In the Heian period, the capital city of the province was Hamada. +History. +In the Edo period, silver was discovered and mined. The was added to the World Heritage List in 2007. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Iwami Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Mononobe jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Iwami. + += = = Oki Province = = = + was an island province of Japan in the area of Shimane Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . +The province was the Oki Islands in the Sea of Japan. The islands are near the provinces of Izumo and Hōki. +The capital city of the province was near Saigō. +History. +In 1221, Emperor Go-Toba was exiled to Oki. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Oki Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Mizuwakasu jinja" and "Yurahime jinja" were the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") of Oki. + += = = Les nuits d'été = = = +Les nuits d'été ("Summer Nights"), Op. 7, is a song cycle by the French composer Hector Berlioz. It is a setting of six poems by Théophile Gautier. Berlioz finished composing the songs in 1841. At first they were just for a singer with piano accompaniment. The singer could be either baritone, contralto, or mezzo-soprano. Later Berlioz changed the work, making the voice a soprano and arranging the accompaniment for orchestra. The first song to be orchestrated was "L'Absence". He wrote this version for a singer called Marie Recio who went with him on a concert tour of Germany. All six songs were published in their orchestral version in 1856. That is how the work is nearly always performed nowadays. The titles of the songs are: + += = = Iggy Azalea = = = +Amethyst Amelia Kelly (born 7 June 1990), known professionally as Iggy Azalea, is a Australian-American rapper. She was born in Sydney and raised in Mullumbimby, New South Wales. She moved to the United States at age 16. In September 2011, she released her first mixtape "Ignorant Art". It made two promotional singles, "My World" and "Pu$$y". +Azalea's first album, "The New Classic", was going to be released in September 2013. It was later released in 2014. The single "Fancy" from the album, featuring British singer-songwriter Charli XCX, reached number one in the United States and Canada, while becoming the fourth-best performing song of 2014 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100. The next single, "Black Widow", features British singer Rita Ora and reached the top three of the "Billboard" Hot 100. The album was rereleased with the title "Reclassified" in late 2014 and featured the singles "Beg for It" featuring Danish singer MØ and "Trouble" featuring American R&B singer Jennifer Hudson. + += = = Nexus S = = = +The Nexus S is the second Google smartphone in the Google Nexus series. It is the first phone with Android 2.3. + += = = Tajima Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Hyōgo Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Harima, Inaba, Tamba, and Tango provinces. +The ancient provincial capital city was near Hidaka. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Tajima Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Izushi jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Tajima. + += = = Tamba Province = = = +, also known as Tanba, was an old province of Japan in the area of Hyōgo Prefecture on the island of Honshū. Along with Tango Province, it was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Harima, Ōmi, Settsu, Tajima, Tango, Wakasa, and Yamashiro Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was in the area of modern Kameoka. +History. +In 713 ("Wadō 6, 3rd month"), Tamba was separated from Tango. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Tamba Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Izumo daijinjū" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Tamba. + += = = Tango Province = = = + was an old province in the area of Kyoto Prefecture on the island of Honshū. Along with Tamba Province, it was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Tajima, Tamba, and Wakasa provinces. +Maizuru or Miyazu was the capital city of the province. +History. +In 713 ("Wadō 6, 3rd month"), Tango was separated from Tamba province. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Tango Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Geography. +Tango faced the Sea of Japan. +Shrines and Temples. +"Kono jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Tango. + += = = Echigo Province = = = + was an old province in Japan in the area of Niigata Prefecture on the island of Honshū. +The province had borders with Uzen, Iwashiro, Kōzuke, Shinano, and Etchū Provinces. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Echigo Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Geography. +Echigo faced the Sea of Japan. +Shrines and Temples. +"Iyahiko jinju" and "Koko jinja" were the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") of Echigo. + += = = Echizen Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Fukui Prefecture on the island of Honshū. Along with Etchū and Echigo Provinces, it was sometimes called . +The ancient capital city of the province was at Echizen. +History. +The boundaries of Echizen were formally established during the reigns of Empress Genshō and Empress Kōken. +Before the boundaries were established, this area including Etchū and Echigo were called Koshi. +In the Edo period, the daimyo of Fukui Domain lived at Fukui. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Echizen Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Facilities. +"Echizen Provincial office" was established in Nyū (���, Nyū-gun). +"Kehi jingū" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Echizen. +"Ōmushi jinja" was estublished in Suishin emperor 7. It is written in “Engishiki Jinmyoutyou” and the old status of a Shinto shrine is prefectural shrine. + += = = Kirkpatrick Sale = = = +Kirkpatrick Sale (born in Ithaca, New York, June 27, 1937) is an independent scholar and author who has written about political decentralism, environmentalism, luddism and technology. People say he has a "philosophy unified by decentralism" and as being "a leader of the Neo-Luddites,", an "anti-globalization leftist," and "the theoretician for a new secessionist movement." +Early life and career. +Sale grew up in Cayuga Heights, Ithaca, New York, and would later say of the village that he "spent most of my first twenty years there, and that has made an imprint on me–on my philosophy, social attitudes, certainly on my politics–that has lasted powerfully for the rest of my life." He graduated from Cornell University, majoring in history, in 1958. +He served as editor of the student-owned and managed newspaper, the "Cornell Daily Sun". Sale was one of the leaders of the May 23, 1958 protest against university policies forbidding male and female students fraternizing and its "in loco parentis" policy. Sale and his friend and roommate Richard Farina, and three others, were charged by Cornell. The protest was described in Farina's 1966 novel, "Been Down So Long It Looks Like Up to Me." +In 1958 he collaborated with Thomas Pynchon on an unproduced futuristic musical called "Minstrel Island." +Upon graduating in 1958, Sale married Faith Apfelbaum. She later worked as an editor with Thomas Pynchon, Kurt Vonnegut, Joseph Heller and Amy Tan. Faith died in 1999. +Sale worked initially in journalism for the leftist journal "New Leader", "a magazine founded in 1924 in part by socialists Norman Thomas and Eugene Debs," and the "New York Times Magazine". He then became a freelance journalist. He spent time in Ghana and wrote his first book about it. His second book, "SDS", was about the radical 1960s group Students for a Democratic Society, of which he was a founder. The book "is still considered one of the best sources on the youth activist organization that helped define 1960s radicalism." In 1968, he signed the “Writers and Editors War Tax Protest” pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the Vietnam War. +Subsequent books explored radical decentralism, bioregionalism, environmentalism, the Luddites and similar themes. He "has been a regular contributor to progressive magazines like "Mother Jones" and "The Nation" for the better part of his writing career," and has continued to write for those publications, as well as for "The American Conservative", "CounterPunch", "The New York Review of Books", and the "Utne Reader". Sale presented public affairs programming for WBAI in the early 1980s and has made appearances on alternative radio over the years. +Views. +History. +In his 1990 book, "The Conquest of Paradise: Christopher Columbus and the Columbian Legacy", Sale argued that Christopher Columbus was an imperialist bent on conquest from his first voyage. In a "New York Times" book review, historian and member of the Christopher Columbus Quincentenary Jubilee Committee William H. McNeill wrote about Sale: "he has set out to destroy the heroic image that earlier writers have transmitted to us. Mr. Sale makes Columbus out to be cruel, greedy and incompetent (even as a sailor), and a man who was perversely intent on abusing the natural paradise on which he intruded." The book "Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Issues in American History" presents a debate between Sale and Robert Royal, vice president for research at the Ethics and Public Policy Center, who insisted that Columbus was a courageous risk-taker who advanced knowledge about other parts of the world. +Technology. +Sale "has written extensively and skeptically about technology," and has said he is "a great admirer" of anarchoprimitivist John Zerzan. He has described personal computers as "the devil's work" and in the past started public speeches by smashing one. During promotion of his 1995 book "Rebels Against the Future: The Luddites and Their War on the Industrial Revolution", Sale debated with "Newsweek Magazine" senior editor and technology columnist Steven Levy "about the relative merits of the communications age". +Sale has said that he does not "care much for popular music outside some of the Tin Pan Alley era tunes of the early 20th century." For example, "he once heard a 'racket' in a nightclub during ... the 1960s from some 'young man' everyone told him was a 'big deal.' That 'young man' turned out to be Bob Dylan." Kirk recalls that "he’d never heard anything so awful in his life." +In 1995, Sale agreed to a public bet with Kevin Kelly that by the year 2020, there would be three disasters: global currency collapse, significant warfare between rich and poor, and environmental disasters of some significant size. The bet was turned into a claim on the FX prediction market, where the probability has hovered around 25%. +Secession. +Sale believes that people should be able to break apart large nation-states into small pieces (secession). Sale has been called "one of the intellectual godfathers of the secessionist movement." He argues that the major theme of contemporary history, from the dissolution of the Soviet Union to the expansion of United Nations membership from 51 in 1945 to nations today, is the breakup of great empires. People on both left and right call for smaller, less powerful government. +In 2004, Sale and members of the Second Vermont Republic formed the Middlebury Institute which is dedicated to the study of separatism, secession, and self-determination. Sale is director of the institute. In 2006, Middlebury sponsored the First North American Secessionist Convention, which attracted 40 participants from 16 secessionist organizations and was described as the first gathering of secessionists since the American Civil War. Delegates issued a statement of principles of secession which they presented as the "Burlington Declaration". +In October 2007, the "New York Times" interviewed Sale about the Second North American Secessionist Convention, co-hosted by the Middlebury Institute. Sale told the interviewer, "The virtue of small government is that the mistakes are small as well." He went on to say, "If you want to leave a nation you think is corrupt, inefficient, militaristic, oppressive, repressive, but you don't want to move to Canada or France, what do you do? Well, the way is through secession, where you could stay home and be where you want to be.” The convention received worldwide media attention. +News stories about the Second North American Secessionist Convention in 2007 mentioned the controversial Southern Poverty Law Center's allegations that the other co-sponsor, The League of the South, was a "racist hate group." Sale responded, "They call everybody racists. There are, no doubt, racists in the League of the South, and there are, no doubt, racists everywhere." The Southern Poverty Law Center later criticized the New York Times' October 2007 Peter Applebombe interview of Sale for not covering its allegations. +Sale wrote the foreword to Thomas Naylor's 2008 book "Secession: How Vermont and all the Other States Can Save Themselves from the Empire." Sale continues to speak on secession and other issues around the nation. + += = = Etchū Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Toyama Prefecture on the island of Honshū. Along with Echizen and Echigo Provinces, it was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Echigo, Shinano, Hida, Kaga, and Noto provinces. +The capital city of the province was Takaoka. +History. +The Noto Peninsula and Noto Province was separated from Etchū during the reign of Empress Genshō. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Etchū Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Takase jinja", "Keta jinja" and "Oyama jinja" were the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") of Etchū. + += = = Kaga Province = = = + was an old province in the area of Ishikawa Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Kaga Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Shirayamahime jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Kaga. + += = = Royal New Zealand Navy = = = +The Royal New Zealand Navy is the navy of New Zealand. It is the maritime arm of the New Zealand Defence Force. As of 2023, the Navy have nine ships and fly eight naval helicopters from the Royal New Zealand Air Force. The Navy was formed during World War II on 1st October 1941. Prior to that the Royal Navy had protected New Zealand. +History. +"WIP" +Organisation. +The Navy's fleet is grouped into four groups (also called forces). +Air support uses the SH-2G Seasprite helicopter. They are operated by both the Navy and Air Force. They are part of No. 6 Squadron RNZAF. The helicopters mainly serve on HMNZS Canterbury, the frigates and the Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPVs). +Bases. +The Navy has one base in Auckland Harbour called the Devonport Naval Base. It is named after the naval base in Plymouth, Britain. The base includes harbour facilities for the whole fleet. It also includes a dry-dock, once the biggest in the Southern Hemisphere, and the Navy's school. +Personnel. +On 1 July 2007 the RNZN had a total of 2,034 Regular Force personnel, 237 Naval Reserve personnel and 378 civilian employees, totalling 2,699. Around 1800 of that total are based at the Devonport Naval base in Auckland. +On 1 January 2011 the RNZN consisted of 2,135 Regular Force personnel, 332 Naval Reserve personnel and 375 civilian staff. +Vessels. +"This is not a complete list of all Royal Navy vessels. It is a simplified version of only the major units for simplicity." +Anzac Class Frigate. +HMNZS Te Kaha (F77) is one of the navy's two frigates. She entered service in 1997. Her name means "strength" in Maori. She has served in the Persian Gulf and Solomon Islands. +HMNZS Te Mana (F111) is one of the navy's two frigates. She entered service in 1999. Her name means "authority" in Maori. She is regularly sent to the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman on patrol. +Canterbury Class MRV. +HMNZS Canterbury (L421) is the navy's flagship. She entered service in 2007. She is named after one of the big cities in New Zealand, Canterbury. The last HMNZS Canterbury was a famous ship in the Navy. She can do a variety of roles to support the Navy and Army. She has responded to all of the major disasters in Australia and New Zealand since her commissioning. + += = = Androidland = = = +Androidland is the first Android retail store, opened by the company Telstra on Bourke Street, Melbourne, Australia, in December 2011. Two more Androidland stores opened in India in 2013. + += = = Android store = = = +Android store might mean: + += = = Leka, Crown Prince of Albania = = = +Leka, Crown Prince of Albania was Albanian (also known as "King Leka I"; 5 April 193930 November 2011), was the only son of King Zog I of Albania. Leka was also called King Leka of Albania, but he was never the ruler of the country. +He was born in Tirana in 1939. Two days later, the family was forced to leave Albania after Italy invaded the country. When his father died in exile in 1961, Leka was crowned king in a hotel in Paris. He returned to Albania in 1993, but was not allowed to stay in the country. He made a second visit in 1997. The country held a vote to decide whether they wanted to go back to a monarchy or stay as a republic. The country voted for a republic, but Leka said the vote had been changed. His supporters created demonstrations against the government. Several people were killed in the demonstrations. Leka again had to leave Albania. +In 2002, he made an agreement with the government and came back to Tirana. +Death. +He died on 30 November 2011 in Mother Teresa Hospital, Tirana from heart and lung illnesss. He was buried next to his wife’s and mother’s grave at the public Sharra cemetery in a Tirana suburb. Later he was buried in the royal mausoleum. + += = = Prime Minister of Thailand = = = +The Prime Minister of Thailand (; ) is the head of government of Thailand. The Prime Minister is also the chair of the Cabinet of Thailand. The office was created after the Revolution of 1932. This was when the country became a constitutional monarchy. The current prime minister is Srettha Thavisin since 2023. + += = = Graphene = = = +Graphene is one of the forms of carbon. Like diamonds and graphite, the forms (or 'allotropes') of carbon have different crystal structures, and this gives them different properties. Graphene is the basic 2D (two dimensional) form of a number of 3D allotropes, such as graphite, charcoal, fullerene and carbon nanotubes. +The term "graphene" was coined as a combination of graphite and the suffix '-ene' by Hanns-Peter Boehm, who described single-layer carbon foils in 1962. Graphene is like a honeycomb or 'chicken wire' structure, made of carbon atoms and their bonds. Graphite is many graphene sheets stacked together. +Three million graphene sheets stacked to form graphite would be only one millimetre thick. +The Nobel Prize in Physics for 2010 was awarded to Sir Andre Geim and Sir Konstantin Novoselov "for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene". +Graphene supercapacitors are among the possible applications. +Graphene oxide. +An international team from the University of Manchester made a membrane of graphene oxide. They showed it blocked many gases and liquids but let water through. Sir Andre Geim said: "Helium gas is hard to stop. It slowly leaks even through a millimetre-thick window glass but our ultra-thin films completely block it. At the same time, water evaporates through them unimpeded. Materials cannot behave any stranger". +Latest idea. +Membranes of graphene will make pretty good bullet-stoppers. Research shows that an atom-thick layer absorbs a hit better than steel. The research team suggests that combining graphene with one or more additional materials to form a composite might be the way forward. +Graphene Batteries. +1. Internal Structure +The internal structure of a graphene battery is quite similar to that of a standard lithium-ion battery pack. There are 2 electrodes and an electrolyte solution to enable flow of charge. The difference is that one of the electrodes in graphene-based batteries, mostly the cathode, is replaced with a hybrid composite material (solid-state metal + graphene) used in place of a standard solid-state metal +2. Advantages +Smaller, slimmer battery: Graphene being a two-dimensional material is only a single layer of atoms. To help understand this better, when you stack 3 million layers of graphene is that you get 1 mm thickness. This means that graphene would allow smartphones to be slimmer than ever and provide more space from additional electronics and allow to place higher capacity batteries. +Higher capacity: Graphene has a higher energy capacity for the same size as compared to lithium-ion batteries. While Lithium-ion batteries are known to store up to 180 Wh per kilogram, graphene based batteries capable of storing up to 1,000 Wh per kilogram. So, the same size of graphene battery pack has a higher charge capacity than lithium-ion or other commonly used batteries. +Faster charging times: Graphene is an excellent conductor of electricity. Its two-dimensional honeycomb structure doesn’t offer any resistance to the flow of electrons. So, it can charge quickly and also provide greater endurance compared to lithium ion batteries. +Graphene patents. +The invention of graphene has led to many patents for its practical application. In 2013 the score was: +South Korean electronics giant Samsung stands out as the company with most graphene patents to its name. + += = = Toulouse Tech = = = +Toulouse Tech, also known as the Toulouse Institute of Technology is one of the collegiate universities in France. It was created in 2007. It gathers 16 of the best French schools, covering engineering science, management, architecture and veterinary, aiming to be of comparable status to the most famous universities of technology around the world. +Facts and Figures. +From the official website: + += = = Rory Williams = = = +Rory Williams is a fictional character in the British science fiction television series "Doctor Who".He was played by Arthur Darvill. Rory was first seen at the start of the 5th series. He joined the Eleventh Doctor (Matt Smith) as a companion in the middle of Series 5. Rory began as Amy Pond's fiancé. He was uncomfortable around the Doctor at first. This was because he believed that Amy cared more for the Doctor than she did for him. Later, he shows that he is truly a hero. Amy learns that she has always loved him and they get married. They conceive Melody Pond inside the TARDIS while it is travelling through time. Their baby is kidnapped at birth. Rory and Amy learn that their daughter is River Song, and become related to the Doctor when he marries River in The Wedding of River Song. +Appearances. +Television. +Early life. +Rory Williams has been a close friend of Amelia "Amy" Pond since they were children. They grew up in Leadworth, a fictional village near Gloucester, in South West England, along with their friend Mels. Mels secretly knows that she is their future daughter, Melody and is, oddly enough, who Melody is named after. (Yes, she is named after herself. Time is all "wibbily-wobbly" like that where the Doctor is involved) The kids often played dress up. Amy makes Rory dress as her "imaginary friend" the "Raggedy Doctor". +Amelia first kisses Rory while dancing the macarena. Amelia grew up thinking of herself as "counting as a boy" and Rory was afraid to ever tell her his feelings toward her. She never thought that Rory was in love with her. Because he had never shown any romantic interest in other girls, she thought he was gay. Because of this, she never acted on her own feelings towards him. A year or two before the Doctor returns to Leadworth, Mels tells Rory and Amy that they have feelings for each other. This starts their relationship and in the end causes herself to actually be born. +Series 5 (2010). +Rory is first seen in "The Eleventh Hour" (2010). At this point he is in a romantic relationship with Amy (Karen Gillan). In 2008, he works as a nurse at the local hospital. He is curious about coma patients that he sees in the village. He is shocked to meet Amy's 'imaginary' "Raggedy Doctor" (the Eleventh Doctor - Matt Smith). Although meeting him is confusing, he know it is the Doctor without being told. +During the next two years, the Rory and Amy decide to get married. The Doctor returns the night before Rory and Amy's wedding. She travels in time with him but only after the Doctor promises to return her before the next morning. After Amy tried to seduce the Doctor, the Doctor takes her and Rory to 1580s Venice to fix the couple's relationship. Rory has always a problem with the Doctor because of his connection with Amy and her interest in him. He grows more annoyed and even paranoid with the relationship. It gets worse when the Doctor tells Rory that she kissed him. When Rory says that they should go back to Leadworth, Amy asks him to travel with them. The Doctor agrees and Rory accepts. In the episode "Amy's Choice", They have a shared dream in which they are married and Amy is pregnant. As Rory is about to die, he tells Amy to look after their baby. This causes Amy to see how much she loves him. Rory travels with the Doctor and Amy until "Cold Blood". In that episode, he is shot dead after saving the Doctor. He is then absorbed by a crack in time and space. The crack removes him all of time. As he is a part of Amy's history, she does not remembers him any more because he never existed He was removed from existence completely. +He is seen again in "The Pandorica Opens". He is a Roman soldier in AD 102. It is shown that it is not really him but a plastic duplicate with Rory's memories. He tried to fight his programming, but still shoots Amy. In the last episode of series 5, "The Big Bang", the false Rory frees the Doctor from the Pandorica. He puts Amy inside the Pandorica to keep her safe. The Pandorica is said to be the greatest prison. It was built to keep the person inside it healthy forever. The fake Rory guarded the Pandorica (and Amy) for 1,894 years. He became known as the "Last Centurion". He guarded the Pandorica wherever it was taken. He moved it to safety when the warehouse in London it was being kept in was destroyed during The Blitz. Finally, he helped a young Amy open the Pandorica and set free the adult Amy who had been fully healed over time. The Auton Rory helped the Doctor, Amy, and River Song (Alex Kingston) save the universe from the explosion that caused the cracks in time. +After the cracks were fixed, Rory was returned to his timeline. Everyone's memories were returned and he and Amy got married. When the Doctor went to the reception, he called Rory "Mr Pond". Rory did not like the name at first but accepted that is basically the truth. The Doctor left Rory and Amy for their honeymoon. +Series 6 (2011). +In series 6, Rory is a full-time companion. After the Doctor saves the cruise ship they were on during their honymoon from crashing, Rory and Amy join him again in the TARDIS. After some time travelling with the Doctor, Rory and Amy return to Leadworth for two months. +Rory and the Doctor are friends but their relationship is troubled by Rory's feelings that Amy may love the Doctor more than him. In "Day of the Moon", he thinks that some of the things he hears Amy say are about the Doctor and not about him. He later learns that the comments were about him. He also gets concerned when he hears Amy tell to the Doctor that she never told Rory that she thought she was pregnant. He forgives this when he learns that she was worried that would be a problem with the baby because of traveling in the TARDIS so much. +Sometime before "The Rebel Flesh", the Doctor learns that the Amy with them is not the real Amy. She is a "Flesh" avatar. The real Amy had been kidnapped. At the end of "The Almost People", Rory did not know it was not the real Amy. When the Doctor tells him to move away from Amy, Rory does not want to but finally trusts the Doctor. Rory lets the Doctor destroy the false Amy just as the real Amy begins to give birth to her baby. Amy gives birth to their daughter Melody Pond, between "The Almost People" and "A Good Man Goes To War". The baby is kidnapped and replaced by a Flesh version as Rory and the Doctor fight to get to them. Rory shows courage against a group of Cybermen. He destroys their fleet with help from the Doctor. Rory's memories of being a centurion in the alternate timeline help him to fight the Headless Monks. After the battle, Rory helps a dying Sontaran nurse. In his final words, the Sonaran speaks of Rory and himself both being a warrior and a nurse. At the end of the episode River Song appears and it is learned that she is the daughter of Amy and Rory. In the alien language of the people who raised her there are no words for Melody or Pond. The closest translation of "Melody" and "Pond" is "River" and "Song". In "Let's Kill Hitler", it is learned that Rory and Amy named their daughter Melody after their childhood friend Mels. Rory and Amy later learn that Mels is also Melody. They also see her regenerate into River Song. +As they travel, Rory sees that it can be dangerous to be on the TARDIS. He gets to the point in his travels that he tells the Doctor he does not want to travel any more if they are going to always be as risk. +In "The God Complex" Rory is the only person on the TARDIS is not hunted by the creature that feeds on faith. The Doctor thinks this is because Rory has no faith of his own. Rory also says that after traveling in the TARDIS there was very few things he was afraid of any more. The Doctor sees the danger he is putting his friends in. He takes Amy and Rory back to Earth and gives them a house and a car as a gift. +When River creates an alternate reality by not killing the Doctor at Lake Silencio, Rory is now "Captain Williams". He is a soldier working for Amy Pond. They are not a couple in this version of history but Rory is still in love with Amy. He almost dies fighting the Silence, but is saved by Amy. The two are at River's marriage to the Doctor. In the now-fixed (main) timeline, Rory and Amy are still married and Amy has become a model/spokeswoman for a line of perfume. They are visited by their daughter River, who tells them that the Doctor is still alive. +Reception. +The fact that Rory dies often has been criticized. Digital Spy reviewer Morgan Jeffery wrote, "One of the key elements in Doctor Who is obviously the sense of danger and the lingering presence of death, but Rory's repeated demises and resurrections are now becoming so frequent that comparisons to "South Park's" Kenny seem almost inevitable." "SFX" gave Rory the third spot in the top 10 resurrections of science fiction TV. It said "it's becoming a cliché. But it's not one we mind too much, mainly because it's always done with such gusto. Except, perhaps, in the pirates episode which was a fairly gusto free zone all round". +However, critics have liked that Rory has had many times to be heroic in series 6. After "A Good Man Goes to War" as broadcast, io9's Charlie Jane Anders compared the character to Wesley Wyndam-Pryce (Alexis Denisof). That character's story in American television programmes "Buffy the Vampire Slayer" and "Angel" showed him changing from comic relief to a warrior. Anders said: "Yes, we're thrilled that Rory is getting his Wesley Wyndam-Pryce on. Badass Rory is, as we already observed, totally badass. But this episode exemplified the recent trend towards Amy being reduced to a bystander, victim, or worse." +Rory's change into a heroic character has also led to a series of "Rory Williams Facts" in the style of the popular Chuck Norris Facts internet meme. + += = = Queen's Gambit Declined = = = +The Queen's Gambit Declined is a chess opening which starts with 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6. It is an old opening, and one of the most important. It is often used in top-class play. In this opening, called QGD for short, the struggle for the centre is the strategy of both players. Unlike the Queen's Gambit Accepted, Black keeps his pawn on d5 protected. A simple example: +Here White has more space, and Black has to decide how to develop his pieces. It is easier to play the white pieces in this kind of position. However, overall, black players do as well with this defence as with most others. Best for Black in this position is 10...Ne4 or 10...Re8. + += = = Connie Talbot = = = +Connie Victoria Elizabeth Talbot (born 20 November 2000) is an English singer-songwriter. She became famous after competing in "Britain's Got Talent". She lost at the finals. +Biography. +In "Britain's Got Talent", she sang "Somewhere Over the Rainbow". This led her to the semi-finals. She then competed in but was defeated at the finals. +After her success, Talbot began posting Youtube videos since 2008. Most of them were videos of her singing. Some gained over 10 million views. +Other passions. +She is also a professional mermaid. +Discography. +Talbot released three albums, with the first one released in 2007, and the second and third ones in 2008 and 2009. + += = = Slovene language = = = +Slovene (or "Slovenian") is a language. It is the official language of Slovenia. +Experts estimate that 2.5 million people can understand and speak Slovene. It is a Slavic language, written for more than 1000 years. The earliest written records are the Freising manuscripts. +In 2004, it became an official language of the European Union (there are 24 official languages in total). The standard Slovene alphabet has 25 letters. The letters come from the Latin alphabet. Slovene words are usually pronounced how they are spelled. +Examples : + += = = Evgeny Tomashevsky = = = +Evgeny Tomashevsky, born 1 July 1987 in Saratov, is a Russian chess grandmaster. In 2001 he won the U18 Russian championship in Rybinsk with 9/10 and in 2004 he became second in the U18 World Youth Chess Championship. In 2007 he became second in the Aeroflot Open. +In 2009 Tomashevsky won the 10th European Individual Chess Championship after tie-breaks. The decisive match against Vladimir Malakhov went into armageddon, where Malakhov blundered a rook in a winning position. +He was a member of the gold-medal-winning Russian team at the World Team Chess Championship 2009 in Bursa. In 2011, he tied for 1st-3rd with Nikita Vitiugov and Le Quang Liem in the Aeroflot Open. +Tomashevsky's style of play is described as being mostly positional. + += = = International Association of Aviation Personnel Schools = = = +The International Association of Aviation Personnel Schools (IAAPS) is an association of pilot training organizations created in 1995. IAAPS is recognized by national and international aviation authorities. IAAPS is part of the rulemaking group of the European Aviation Safety Agency. (EASA) +History. +In 1990, the so-called "Cyprus Agreement" caused the European Joint Aviation Authority (JAA) to be established. +In 1995, the European Association of Airline Pilot Schools (EAAPS) was established. +The EAAPS was active in the pan-European project to define and standardize the depth and scope of flight training within the JAA. One of the results was the "Joint Aviation Requirement Flight Crew Licensing code" (JAR-FCL). +In 2009, the EAAPS became a worldwide association. The name or the organization was changed changed to IAAPS. +Mission. +As a global pilot shortage grows, IAAPS members work together to maintain and improve the quality standards of pilot training. Aviation training improves air safety standards. +IAAPS is recognized by the EASA as the representative of the training industry. IAAPS activities include +IAAPS helped to develop "learning objectives" for aircraft and helicopters. These were published by the JAA and then by EASA. +Members. +The membership is comprised of aviation training organizations. Each member organization is certified nationally. The international membership is expanding. + += = = Institute of Space, its Applications and Technologies = = = +The Institut au service du spatial, de ses applications et technologies (ISSAT) is the French name for the Institute of Space, its applications and technologies. Supported by French Ministry of Education, the organisation was created in 1995 to develop aerospace activities in Toulouse. It also helps promote the distribution of aerospace expertise in France and Europe. +The ISSAT has 13 members: + += = = Super Bowl XXXVIII = = = +Super Bowl XXXVIII was the thirty-eighth Super Bowl. The teams in the game were the Carolina Panthers from the NFC and the New England Patriots from the AFC. New England won the game 32-29. The performers at the halftime show were Spirit of Houston, Janet Jackson, Justin Timberlake, OutKast, P. Diddy, Kid Rock, and Nelly. The halftime show created controversy when Janet Jackson's breast was shown by Justin Timberlake to everyone who was watching the show. + += = = Super Bowl XXXIX = = = +Super Bowl XXXIX was the thirty-ninth Super Bowl. The teams in the game were the Philadelphia Eagles from the NFC and the New England Patriots from the AFC. New England won the game 24-21. Paul McCartney performed in the halftime show. + += = = Charles George Gordon = = = +Charles George Gordon (28 January 1833 – 26 January 1885) was a British Army officer and mercenary. He served the Khedive of Egypt as Governor of the Sudan. He was killed by supporters of Muhammed Ahmed, the Mahdi, a rebel against Egyptian rule in the country. +Early life. +Gordon was born in London in 1833, where his father was a major in the Royal Artillery. While still a very small child the family moved to Dublin so his father could work on modernising the guns at the Pigeon House Fort. In 1837 they moved to Edinburgh when his father was posted to Leith Fort. The family were then sent to the island of Corfu where his father had to arrange for the guns to be placed in new positions. Gordon 's parents wanted him to have an English education so he was sent to Fullands School at Taunton. When he turned 14 he attended the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich. He was often bullied, and he would become quiet and withdrawn. He go for several days without speaking to anyone. He would stand still and stare at the bullies until they felt uncomfortable and stopped. Gordon was accused of having bullied other students, and was punished by having to stay at the college for another term. He passed his exams and joined the Royal Engineers on the 23 June 1852. +Crimea. +Gordon worked as an engineer repairing various army buildings in Chatham, and repairing the fort at Pembroke. In 1855 he was sent to the Crimean War and took part in the siege of Sebastopol. After the war, Gordon was sent to survey and map the border between Russia and the Romanian principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. In May 1857 he was sent to map the border between Russia and Turkey. He was awarded a Turkish war medal and the French Legion of Honour. Gordon returned to England at the end of 1858, where he was promoted to major, and took up a post at Chatham. +China. +At the end of the Second Opium War in 1860, Gordon was sent to China with a force of soldiers to protect British interests. In 1863 he was put in charge of the "Ever Victorious Army", a mercenary army under the command of European officers. This army was to fight the Niang rebellion against the Manchu, and later the Taiping Rebellion. Gordon was able to create a highly disciplined and successful fighting force. By careful planning he was able to lead the Ever Victorious Army to victory of the rebels. The Chinese Emperor made him a Field Marshall in the Imperial Army and presented him with China's highest award, the peacock feather. The British Army promoted him to Lieutenant Colonel and he was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath. He returned to England at the end of 1864. +The poor and the elderly. +Gordon was made Commandant of Engineers at Gravesend. He had the job of repairing the forts guarding the Thames at Gravesend and Tilbury. Gordon was horrified by the number of poor people, especially old people and children. A man of strong religious belief, Gordon felt is was his duty to God to help provide food, clothing and education for these people. He spent about 90% of his army pay on the poor. The poor boys he called "Wangs", after the Chinese Princes of the Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace. + += = = Rhythmite = = = +A rhythmite is layers of sediment or sedimentary rock laid down in a repeated pattern. This pattern may be varves, which are an annual pattern, or shorter or longer-term rhymites. Tides in some places have left rhythmites. +Longer-term rhythmites. +Rhythmites can show long-term prehistoric events, such as periodic floods, sea level changes, glaciation changes, earth's orbital variations, and other periodic climate changes. +Many rock formations show repeating patterns of strata. For example, clay layers may alternate with sandstone layers; or carbonate layers alternate with shales. This is usually caused by repeating cycles of climate. In warmer times the sea rises, and carbonate rocks are deposited in shallow subtropical seas. Later, ice builds up at the poles and the sea level drops. Then the same area is close to shore, and gets sand and mud washed down by rivers. +Deposits on land show patterns for similar reasons. A low-lying area will be a lake or a swamp during hot, wet periods, and maybe a desert or a mudflat during dry periods. Erosion takes place during the dry periods, and deposition takes place during the wet periods. +However, temperature and sea-level changes are not the only causes of rhythmites. In volcanic areas a pattern of deposition in lakes may be regularly interrupted by eruptions of volcanic ash, so that in the record of the rocks shales and mudstone alternates with tuff. + += = = Varve = = = +A varve is a pattern in sediment which is made by annual processes (deposits which vary during the year). Varves are amongst the smallest-scale events in stratigraphy. They form only in fresh or brackish water. Varves are important in palynology, and can be fossilized as rhythmites. +The classic varve archetype is a light/dark-coloured couplet deposited in a glacial lake. The light layer is usually silt and fine sand deposited when spring meltwater brings sediment into the lake. +During winter, when meltwater and its sediment is reduced and the lake surface freezes, fine clay-size sediment is deposited forming a dark-coloured layer. +Varve formation needs the absence of bioturbation (lake bottom disturbed by animals). Therefore, varves usually form under anoxic conditions. + += = = Sundown town = = = +A sundown town is a town that is or was purposely all-white. The term is widely used in the United States in areas from Ohio to Oregon and well into the South. The term came from signs that were allegedly posted stating that people of color had to leave the town by sundown. The minority people could not visit after sunset or spend the night in the town (even as a paying hotel customer). Such towns are also sometimes called “sunset towns” or “gray towns”. +History. +Some towns placed signs at the town's boundary with statements similar to the one posted in Hawthorne, California, which read "Nigger, Don't Let The Sun Set On YOU In Hawthorne" in the 1930s. +In some cases, keeping minorities out was official town policy, through restrictive covenants written in land deeds, or by agreement between the real estate agents of the community. In others, the policy was enforced through intimidation. For example, law enforcement officers could stop all minorities found after sunset. +Though no one knows the number of sundown towns in the United States, the largest estimate was that the nation had several thousand. The highest proportion of confirmed sundown towns are in the state of Illinois. It is difficult to confirm sunset towns because the towns did not keep, or do not want to show, official documents stating their status as sundown towns. For example, "One Hundred Years of Progress: The Centennial History of Anna, Illinois," although more than 400 pages long, never mentions Anna's 1909 expulsion of African Americans, the sundown signs at the northern and southern city limits in 1954, or anything else about race. +Since the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, and especially since the Civil Rights Act of 1968 prohibited racial discrimination concerning the sale, rental, and financing of housing, the number of sundown towns has decreased. However, as sociologist James Loewen writes in his book on the subject, it is impossible to precisely count the number of sundown towns at any given time, because most towns have not kept records of the ordinances or signs that marked the town's sundown status. His book, "Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism", notes that hundreds of cities across America have been sundown towns at some point in their history. +Loewen's book mentions that sundown status meant more than just African-Americans not being able to live in these towns. Essentially any African-Americans (or sometimes other groups) who came into sundown towns after sundown were subject to harassment, threats, and violent acts—up to and including lynching. +Other minorities targeted. +In addition to the expulsion of African Americans from some small towns, Chinese Americans and other minorities were also driven out of some of the towns where they lived. Loewen says one example is that in 1870, Chinese made up one-third of the population of Idaho. Following a wave of violence and an 1886 anti-Chinese convention in Boise, almost none remained by 1910. The town of Gardnerville, Nevada, is said to have blown a whistle at 6 p.m. daily alerting Native Americans to leave by sundown. +In addition, Jews were excluded from living in some sundown towns, such as Darien, Connecticut. +Books that refer to Sundown towns. +James Loewen's book, "Sundown Towns" describes sundown towns. Several other books also show the existence of sundown towns. Sundown towns are mentioned in "Following the Color Line", by Ray Stannard Baker; "Free But Not Equal", by V. Jacque Voegeli; "Black Ohio and the Color Line", by David Gerber; "The Negro in Indiana", by Emma Thornbrough; "Mobile Americans: Residential and Social Mobility in Omaha", by Howard Chudacoff; "Race and Kinship in a Midwestern Town", by James DeVries; "The Sociogenesis of a Race Riot" by Roberta Senechal. Visual treatments include Robby Heason, "Trouble Behind" (Cicada Films, 1990), and Marco Williams, "Banished" (banishedthefilm.com/). + += = = Punta Gorda, Belize = = = +Punta Gorda (called P. G. by the locals) is a city in the southern part of Belize. It is the capital of the district (state) of Toledo. About 6,400 people live there. Punta Gorda has a tiny airport. Every Saturday, people come to Punta Gorda from all over Toledo District to buy and sell items in an open-air market. +Punta Gorda is a seaport and fishing town on the Caribbean Sea. It was a small fishing village before being settled by a number of Garifuna who came from Honduras in 1823. The town is about fifteen feet above sea level. +Well-known people from Punta Gorda include paranda musician Paul Nabor and Belize's 'Queen of Brukdown', Leela Vernon. + += = = Deaths in 2012 = = = +The following is a list of notable deaths in 2012. + += = = Noto Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Ishikawa Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Etchū and Kaga provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was Nanao. +History. +Noto Province was created during the reign of Empress Genshō. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Noto Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Keta jinja" was the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") of Noto. + += = = Sado Province = = = + was an island province of Japan until 1871 when it became a part of Niigata Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called or . +History. +Sado Province was created during the reign of Empress Genshō. +In 1221, Emperor Juntoku was sent into exile on Sado Island. The former emperor is sometimes identified as because his last years were spent at Sado. Juntoku remained at Sado until his death in 1242. +In the Edo period, Gold was discovered and mined. The Sado mines were added to the tentative World Heritage List in 2010. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Sado Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Geography. +Sado is an island in the Sea of Japan. It was off the coast of Echigo Province. +Shrines and Temples. +"Watatsu-jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Sado. + += = = Louise I. Shelley = = = +Louise I. Shelley is a professor at George Mason University in Virginia. She is also founder and director of the Terrorism, Transnational Crime and Corruption Center (TraCCC). +She graduated from Cornell University "cum laude" in Penology and Russian literature in 1972. While there, she co-founded the Risley Residential College. She served on the Cornell Board of Trustees. She got a M.A. from the University of Pennsylvania in Criminology in 1973. In 1973/74, she held a Columbia University, International Research and Exchanges Board (IREX) Fellowship used to study in the Sociology Department, Law School and the Russian Institute. In 1977, Shelley earned a Ph.D. in Sociology at the University of Pennsylvania. +She joined the American University as an Assistant Professor in 1977. She became a full professor in 1986. In 2007, she moved to George Mason University. Shelley has studied at Moscow State University as a Fulbright-Hayes Fellow. +She studied the prison system of Russia and other nations. She studies how criminals make their money hard to trace (money laundering). + += = = Wakasa Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Fukui Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was also known as or . +The province had borders with Echizen, Ōmi, Tamba, Tango, and Yamashiro Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was Obama. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Wakasa Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Wakasahiko jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Wakasa. + += = = Bob Anderson = = = +Robert James Gilbert Anderson (September 15, 1922–January 1, 2012) was an English athlete who represented Great Britain in the fencing at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He choreographed the sword fights for many movies including Star Wars and The Lord of the Rings movie trilogy. +He was born in Hampshire on September 15, 1922, and during World War II he was a member of the British Royal Marines. He used his sword fighting skills in many movies starting with "The Master of Ballantrae", based on the book by Robert Louis Stevenson. During the filming he accidentally stabbed Errol Flynn in the leg. Anderson was the person dressed as Darth Vader in the sword fights in "The Empire Strikes Back" and "Return of the Jedi". He also arranged the sword fights in all three of the Lord of the Rings movies. Other movie credits included the James Bond movies, "From Russia With Love" and "Die Another Day", "The Princess Bride", "The Three Musketeers (1993 movie)", "The Mask of Zorro", and "The Legend of Zorro". + += = = Geli Raubal = = = +Geli Raubal (June 4, 1908–September 18, 1931), sometimes known as Angela Raubal was Adolf Hitler's half-niece. She was born in Linz, Austria-Hungary. She shot herself dead in Hitler's apartment in Munich, Weimar Republic. She is buried in Zentralfriedhof, Vienna, Austria. + += = = Tamara Toumanova = = = +Tamara Toumanova ( March 2, 1919 – May 29, 1996) was an American ballerina and actress of Georgian descent. Toumanova is notable for ballet, and she also acted in several movies. +Tournova became an American citizen in 1943. She married her second husband, Casey Robinson, a Hollywood script writer and producer, in 1944. +Life. +Shortly after the Russian Revolution of 1917, Toumanova's mother, Eugenia Toumanova, left Georgia, Russia looking for her first husband, Konstantin Zakharov. She was pregnant at the time. She gave birth to Toumanova in Siberia. It has been verified that Toumanova is of Georgian ancestry. +Toumanova's parents became separated during the revolution. Toumanova was 18 months old before her parents were found each other. The family went from Russia to Shanghai, China. They lived there for a year. They then moved to Cairo. After living in refugee camps, the family moved to Paris. There was a large Russian émigré community there. +After moving to Paris, Toumanova was given piano lessons and studied ballet with Olga Preobrajenska. Toumanova said she was her "first and only permanent teacher" and an "immortal friend". She made her debut at the Paris Opera at the age of ten in the children's ballet "L'Éventail de Jeanne". George Balanchine saw her in ballet class and hired her for de Basil's Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo as one of the three "baby ballerinas". + += = = Faizal Yusof = = = +Faizal Yusof (1979 - 1 January 2011) was a Malaysian actor. He acted in the popular television series "Tiramisu and Manjalara". He died from heart failure, and was buried in the Batu Mudu Muslim Cemetery in Kuala Lumpur. + += = = Valery Rozhdestvensky = = = +Valery Ilyich Rozhdestvensky (February 13, 1939–August 31, 2011) was a USSR cosmonaut. +Rozhdestvensky was born in Leningrad and studied engineering at the Higher Military Engineering School of the Soviet Navy in Pushkin. From 1961 to 1965 he was commander of a deep sea diving unit in the Baltic Sea War Fleet. +He was chosen to be a cosmonaut on October 23, 1965 and flew as Flight Engineer on Soyuz 23 in 1976. After his space flight he continued to work with the space program at the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center. He retired on June 24, 1986 and worked with Metropolis Industries. + += = = Awa Province (Tokushima) = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Tokushima Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. It was sometimes called . +Awa had borders with Tosa, Sanuki, and Iyo Provinces. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Awa Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Ōasahiko jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Awa. + += = = Teapot Rock = = = +Teapot Rock is a rock formation in Natrona County, Wyoming. A nearby oil field is named after the rock. The oil field was the focus of a bribery scandal during the administration of Warren G. Harding, the Teapot Dome scandal. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. +The eroded sandstone formation is tall and is about in circumference. It is a few hundred yards east of Wyoming Highway 259, about north of Casper, Wyoming in the Powder River Basin near Teapot Creek. +The outline of the rock once resembled a teapot and gave its name to several man-made and natural features, including a geologic structural uplift known as the Teapot Dome, and an oil field about east. +In 1915, U.S. Navy was converting its ships to oil-fired boilers. The Navy bought the Teapot Dome Oil Field. It was called "Naval Petroleum Reserve Number Three" as part of a program to ensure that the Navy would have sufficient fuel reserves in an emergency. It was one of several related fields in the area, the largest of which was the Salt Creek Oil Field. By comparison with the Salt Creek Field's peak production of of 1923, the Teapot Dome field had about 64 wells, with few producing more than 150 barrels per day (24 m3/d). + += = = Ghost Adventures = = = +Ghost Adventures is a weekly American paranormal television series that started on October 17, 2008 on the Travel Channel. Produced by MY-Tupelo Entertainment, the program follows and stars ghost hunters Zak Bagans, Nick Groff, and Aaron Goodwin, as they investigate locations that are reported to be haunted. Hosted and narrated by Bagans, the show airs new episodes on Fridays at 9 p.m. Eastern Time on the Travel Channel. Nick Groff of the Ghost Adventures crew confirmed there will be a sixth season that will premier in 2012. + += = = Paranormal television = = = +Paranormal television is a genre of popular reality television programming. It is about real investigations of paranormal phenomena, instead of fictional representations found in such shows as "The Ghosts of Motley Hall" and "Ghostbusters", or cartoon/children's series such as "Scooby Doo" and "Rentaghost". + += = = Awaji Province = = = + was a Japanese island province in the Seto Inland Sea near Hyōgo Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . +Awaji Island is between Honshū and the island of Shikoku. Awaji means literally "Road to Awa". It was the route for traveling to Awa Province from the central part of Japan. +History. +In 764, Emperor Junnin was sent into exile on Awaji. He died on the island in 765. The former emperor was known as "Awaji no Haitei." +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Awaji Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Izanagi jingu" was the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") of Awaji. + += = = Iyo Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Ehime Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. The province was sometimes called . +Iyo had borders with Awa, Sanuki, and Tosa Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was near modern Imabari. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Iyo Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Ōyamazumi jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Iyo. + += = = Much Ado About Nothing = = = +Much Ado about Nothing is a comedy by William Shakespeare. It is set in Messina, Sicily (which is in Italy) and is a comedy/love story about two pairs of lovers, Hero and Claudio and Benedick and Beatrice. This story is one of William Shakespeare's more popular plays. +The villain in this story is called Don John and he convinces Claudio that Hero is cheating on him and then he refuses to marry her whilst Benedick and Beatrice are tricked into confessing their true love for each other. In the end the Constable accidentally sorts everything out and everyone celebrates both marriages. +Don John (the villain) can't bear anyone else to be happy. He is an illegitimate child meaning his upbringing has been rocky and he is insecure, leading to his selfish behaviour getting the better of him throughout the play. + += = = Kii Province = = = +, or , was an old province of Japan in the area of Wakayama Prefecture and Mie Prefecture on the island of Honshū. +Kii had borders with Ise, Izumi, Kawachi, Shima, and Yamato Provinces. +History. +During the Edo period, the Kii branch of the Tokugawa clan held the castle at Wakayama. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Kii Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Hinokuma-Kunikakasu jinjū" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Kii. + += = = AWA = = = +AWA may be an acronym for: +Awa may mean: + += = = Justus Liebig = = = +Justus Liebig (12 May 1803 – 18 April 1873) was a German chemist who made major contributions to agricultural and biological chemistry, and worked on the organization of organic chemistry. +Liebig was one of the greatest chemistry teachers of all time. +At 21 he was appointed professor of chemistry at Giessen, recommended by Alexander von Humboldt. There he established the world's first major school of chemistry. He invented the chemical laboratory, and used it for teaching. He founded and edited the "Annalen der Chemie", the leading German-language journal of chemistry. +Liebig invented new methods for the analysis of organic materials. He showed that, to grow, plants need (as well as water and sunlight) carbon dioxide, minerals and nitrogen compounds. He discovered that nitrogen was an essential plant nutrient, and invented the first nitrogen-based fertiliser. His Law of the Minimum stated that a plant's development is limited by the one essential mineral that is in the shortest supply. He described the effect of individual nutrients on crops. +Where others thought that organic chemicals were entirely separate fron inorganic ones, Liebig thought diffferently: +In 1835 he invented a process of silvering that greatly improved the quality of mirrors. +Liebig also developed a manufacturing process for beef extracts, and founded a company, Liebig Extract of Meat Company, that later trademarked the Oxo brand beef cube. +Liebig's work was closely followed in Britain, and he was awarded the Royal Society's Copley Medal in 1840. His own country made him a Baron in 1845. + += = = Awa Province (Chiba) = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Chiba Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It is also known as or . +The province was on the tip of the Boso Peninsula (����). +History. +Awa Province was created during the reign of Empress Genshō. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Awa Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Awa jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Awa. + += = = Spaceflight = = = +Spaceflight is when an object (or spacecraft) made by man flies into outer space. A spaceflight can occur with or without humans on board. +The Russian Soyuz program, the American Space Shuttle and the International Space Station are examples of manned missions. (Manned means the spacecraft has humans on board.) On the other hand, examples of unmanned flights are space probes which fly into deeper space, and satellites which travel around and orbit the Earth or other planets. (Unmanned means the spacecraft does not have any people on board.) Space probes and satellites are both machines that work either by radio control from Earth or are fully automatic. +Spaceflight is used for space exploration such as manned missions to the Earth's moon or unmanned missions to other planets in the solar system. Spaceflight can also be used for tourism and satellite telecommunications. A spaceflight begins with a rocket launch, which provides enough energy to get out of Earth's atmosphere and to orbit the Earth. Once the rocket is in space, the activity of the rocket is watched and studied by scientists back on Earth. Some rockets may remain in space forever, some break apart when they re-enter Earth's atmosphere. Some spacecraft are made to land on other planets, and most manned spacecraft are made to land back on Earth, most of the time using a parachute to land safely. +On October 3, 1942, a German V-2 missile crossed the Kármán line ( above the Earth) on October 3, 1942. This was the first spaceflight. The first man-made satellite to travel around Earth was the Russian Sputnik 1 on October 4, 1957. +Some examples of manned spacecraft are Soyuz, Starship, Starliner, Gemini, Apollo, Crew Dragon, Mercury (It is both the name of a spacecraft and a planet), the Space Shuttle, and Orion. +Unmanned spacecraft include communications satellites, space telescopes, space probes and planet rovers. + += = = Sanuki Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Kagawa Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. It was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Awa and Iyo Provinces. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Sanuki Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Geography. +Sanuki faced the Seto Inland Sea. +Shrines and Temples. +"Tamura jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Sanuki. + += = = Tosa Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Kōchi Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. It was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Iyo and Awa Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was near modern Nankoku. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Tosa Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Geography. +Tosa faced the Pacific Ocean. +Shrines and Temples. +"Tosa jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Tosa. + += = = 555 timer IC = = = +The NE555 is a common IC (or integrated circuit) introduced in 1972. It is used in timers. It is popular among hobbyists and can be found in many electronics stores that sell bare components, such as RadioShack. + += = = VGA connector = = = +A VGA connector is a type of computer plug. It is used to send analog video signal to an output device like a television screen or a computer monitor. Most VGA connectors have 15 pins; 3 rows of 5 pins. Some of them are a bit different, and have 18 pins; 3 rows of 6 pins. +21st century equipment more often uses digital plugs, mainly by High-Definition Multimedia Interface. + += = = Microbial cyst = = = +A microbial cyst is a resting or dormant stage of a microorganism, usually a bacterium or a protist or rarely an invertebrate animal, that helps the organism to survive in unfavorable environmental conditions. It can be thought of as a state of suspended animation in which the metabolic processes of the cell are slowed down and the cell ceases all activities like feeding and locomotion. "Encystment" also helps the microbe to spread easily, from one host to another or to a better environment. When the encysted microbe reaches an environment good for its growth and survival, the cyst wall breaks down by a process known as "excystation". +Unfavorable environmental conditions trigger the making of a cyst. These include the lack of nutrients or oxygen, extreme temperatures, lack of moisture and presence of toxic chemicals, which are not good for the growth of the microbe. +Composition of the cyst wall. +Different organisms have cyst walls made of different things. The cyst walls of bacteria are formed by the thickening of the normal cell wall with added peptidoglycan layers. The walls of protozoan cysts are made of chitin, a type of glycoprotein. Nematode cyst walls are made of chitin reinforced by collagen. + += = = Content delivery = = = +Content delivery describes the delivery of media content such as audio, video, computer software and video games over a delivery medium such as broadcasting or the Internet. +Content delivery has two parts: +Specialist networks known as content delivery networks have distribute digital content on the Internet. Alternative technologies for content delivery include peer-to-peer file sharing technologies. Content can only be delivered if it exists. If it does not exist, several techniques and methods can be used for content creation or content regeneration. Alternatively, content delivery platforms create and syndicate content remotely, acting like hosted content management systems. + += = = Kitano Tenman-gū = = = +, also called Kitano Tenjin-jinja and Kitano Temmangū, is a Shinto shrine in Kamigyō-ku, Kyoto, Japan. +History. +The shrine was built in 947, to appease the angry spirit of Sugawara no Michizane. He had been wrongly sent into exile. +The shrine became the object of Imperial patronage during the early Heian period. +The current buildings date from the early 17th century. +Timeline. +From 1871 through 1946, the Kitano Tenman-gū was officially designated one of the , meaning that it stood in the second rank of government supported shrines. + += = = Tommy Jackson = = = +Tommy "Hurricane" Jackson (1931-1982) was an American boxer. He fought from 1951 until 1961. He had a total of 44 fights. His statistics were 34 wins (16 by knockout), 9 losses and 1 draw. He fought Floyd Patterson in June 1956 to see who would be the heavyweight champion after Rocky Marciano retired and gave up the title. Jackson lost in a 12-round split decision. He fought Patterson again in July 1957, when Patterson was the champion. Patterson beat him in 10 rounds when the referee ended the match. + += = = Pentium F00F bug = = = +The Pentium F00F bug is a hardware bug (design flaw) found in most original Pentium computer processors (but not in Pentium II, III, or 4). The bug allows a malicious program running as an unprivileged (non-root) user to crash the computer by running the instructions (in hexadecimal) F00FC7C8. In assembly language, this represents "lock cmpxchg8b eax". If the system has crashed because of this bug, the only way to fix it is to reboot the computer, usually by unplugging it and plugging it back in. It does no permanent damage to the computer, but it may cause data loss. The bug was discovered in November 1997. Many operating systems made since 1997 have protection against this bug. + += = = Locker = = = +A locker is a small compartment that is used to store things such as books, coats, etc. They are commonly found in schools. They are usually locked with a padlock or a built-in lock. Usually there is an array of lockers. Each user has his/her own key (or combination) and can not open other people's lockers. There is sometimes a master key used only by the manager which can open all of the lockers. The typical maximum padlock shackle thickness is 5/16 inch (8 mm), and the typical door thickness is 0.8 mm. High-security lockers typically have a 10 mm or more maximum shackle thickness and a 1.2 mm door thickness. + += = = Skeleton key = = = +A skeleton key (also master key or pass key) is a key that can open all of the locks in a set. +For example, in an office building, each employee would have a key that only opens his/her office, and the manager or owner would have a key that opens all of the offices in that building. +More complicated setups are also possible. For example, if there are cleaners in the office building, and each cleaner only cleans one floor, the cleaner for a each floor could have a "sub-master" key that opens only the offices on that floor, while each employee still has a key that opens only his/her office and the manager still has a key that opens all of the doors. The exterior doors might also be configured so that they can be opened by any employee key, cleaner key, or the manager's master key. The more complicated the setup, the more important it is to use locks that have a large number of key possibilities. Disc-detainer locks are especially suitable for master keying due to their large number of key possibilities. + += = = Patent attorney = = = +A patent attorney is an attorney who has the specialized skills and training necessary for representing clients in obtaining patents and acting in all matters and procedures relating to patent law and practice. For example, the patent attorney can not only file an application for a new patent but he can also try to stop the patent office from giving the patent to somebody else. The term is used differently in different countries, and thus may or may not require the same legal qualifications as a general legal practitioner (i.e., a lawyer). +The titles patent agent and patent lawyer are also used in some jurisdictions. In some jurisdictions the terms are interchangeable. In other countries, a patent lawyer must also be qualified as a lawyer. +Regulation. +Each patent office regulates the people who make filings. Patent attorneys can do this, but the patent office will not accept filings from other attorneys. Each patent office has its own rules about what a person has to do to become a patent attorney. +In Europe, requirements for practicing as patent attorney before national patent offices differ from those needed for practicing before the European Patent Office (EPO). On the national level, the requirements are not harmonized across the European Union, except that the EU makes sure that respective professional qualifications are mutually recognized to some degree. In the United States, the patent attorney must pass a special examination to test his knowledge of patent office procedures. Some countries allow lawyers who are not citizens to practice. Some countries will allow lawyers from a second country to make filings if the second country will do the same for lawyers from that first country. Many times, a patent attorney from a foreign country will work with a local attorney to make sure that the patent application for that country is filed correctly and quickly. + += = = Bungo Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Ōita Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū. Along with Buzen Province, it was sometimes called . +Bungo had borders with Buzen, Hyūga, Higo, Chikugo, and Chikuzen Provinces. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Bungo Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and temples. +"Sasamuta-jinja" and "Yusuhara Hachiman-gū" were the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") of Bungo. + += = = Aberystwyth = = = +Aberystwyth (Mouth of the River Ystwyth) is a historic market town, administrative centre and holiday resort. It is in the area of Ceredigion in West of Wales. Locals call the area 'Aber'. +The people who live there mostly speak English, though many are also fluent in the Welsh language. It is a university town. The small town of over 13,000 grows by another 10,000 in term time when the students are there. The nearby suburb of Llanbadarn Fawr has another 3,400 people. +Transport. +Aberystwyth has a train station at the western end of the Cambrian Line from Shrewsbury. +Sister cities. +Aberystwyth is twinned with : + += = = Transition-minimized differential signaling = = = +Transition Minimized Differential Signaling (or TMDS) is a standard that is used to transport uncompressed data to a digital device. The data transmitted is digital. By using a digital signal instead of an analogue signal, the impact of Electromagnetic interference on the signal is reduced. This mode of transmission is mainly used for audio and visual data. +TMDS uses 8b/10b encoding. The code set is different from the original, developed by IBM. Encoding is a two-stage process that uses XOR and XNOR gates. Whether to use XOR or XNOR operation is selected, so that the number ofsignal transitions is minimal; this is where the name is from. +S/PDIF is a similar standard, used in consumer audio equipment. + += = = Hazel = = = +Hazel is a genus of trees and shrubs, in the birch family. There are 50 to 80 species, in four genera. They are native to the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. + += = = Maxi single = = = +A maxi single is a CD single that contains more than two tracks. The first maxi-single was released during the 1970s. There are also cassette maxi singles that began in the 1990s. + += = = Electric piano = = = +A electric piano is a piano that makes sounds mechanically. The sounds are turned into electrical signals by pick ups. Electric pianos are usually seen in live performances in popular music. + += = = Refrain = = = +A refrain is a verse or group of verses that is repeated at intervals in a piece of music or poetry. In song, it is often called the chorus. The refrain is often very different from the verse in melody, rhythm, and harmonics. It usually has a higher level of dynamics and activity, often with added instrumentation. +In music, a refrain has two parts: the lyrics of the song, and the melody. Sometimes refrains use slightly different words as they are repeated. Such lines are still able to be recognised as part of the refrain by the fact that it is always has the same tune or melody. The rhymes, if present, are also kept even if the words are sometimes different. In popular music, the chorus contrasts with the verse, which leads into it, while the bridge contrasts with and leads into both. Many popular songs from the middle of the 20th century consist only of a chorus. +The word comes from the Vulgar Latin word "refringere", and later from the Old French "refraindre", both of which mean "to repeat". + += = = Willimantic, Connecticut = = = +Willimantic, Connecticut is a census-designated place and former city. It is in the town of Windham, Windham County. About 18,149 people lived there at the 2020 census. Eastern Connecticut State University and the Windham Textile and History Museum are in Willimantic. + += = = Windham, Connecticut = = = +Windham is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States. It contains the city of Willimantic and the villages of Windham Center, North Windham, and South Windham. The city of Willimantic was made part of the town in 1983. The population was 24,428 at the 2020 census. + += = = Eastern Connecticut State University = = = +Eastern Connecticut State University (ECSU) is a public liberal arts university. It is located in Willimantic, Connecticut. Eastern Connecticut State University is ranked in the top 100 regional universities in the North (of the United States) in the 2011 edition of the "U.S. News and World Report" list of Best Colleges. There are 5,671 students attending Eastern. The campus is suburban. The school's athletic department are called the "Warriors". + += = = Windham County, Connecticut = = = +Windham County is a county in the northwest of the US state Connecticut. + += = = Ashford, Connecticut = = = +Ashford is a town in Windham County, Connecticut. The town had a population of 4,191 at the 2020 census. Ashford was founded in 1714. Eastford was a part of Ashford until 1848 or 1847. Eastford split into its own town. Ashford has the largest Boy scout camps in the US state of Connecticut. + += = = Jadeite Cabbage = = = +The Jadeite Cabbage (), or Jadeite Cabbage with Insects, is a Chinese sculpture. It is a piece of jadeite carved into the shape of a Chinese cabbage head. It also has a locust and a katydid hiding in the leaves. +The work is part of the collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei, Taiwan. +Description. +The Jadeite Cabbage is a small sculpture. It measures only . It is think. It is "hardly larger than a human hand". +Jade is translucent: it lets light pass through the sculpture. The combination of several colors in the jade gives the leaves the various colors of a real cabbage. The sculpture was made from one piece of half-white, half-green jadeite. The piece of jade has many imperfections. These include cracks and patches of different colors. These were used as the veins in the cabbage's stalks and leaves. +The sculpture is seen as a symbol of female virtue. The white stalk is a symbol of purity, the leaves show fertility and the locust and katydid symbolize children. +History. +The sculptor of the Jadeite Cabbage is not known. It was first shown in the Forbidden City's Yonghe Palace. This is the home of the Qing Empire's Guangxu Emperor's Consort Jin. She likely got the sculpture as part of her dowry for her wedding to Guangxu in 1889. After the end of the Qing Empire in the Chinese Revolution of 1911, the sculpture became part of the collection of the Palace Museum in the Forbidden City. The piece survived the Second Sino-Japanese War (World War II) and the Chinese Civil War. It was finally made a part of Taiwan's National Palace Museum. +Notability. +The Jadeite Cabbage has been called the "most famous masterpiece" of the entire National Palace Museum. It is said the be one of the "Three Treasures of the National Palace Museum". The other two are the Meat-Shaped Stone and the Mao Gong Ding. It was picked by the public as the most important item in the museum's entire collection. People thought it was a bad thing in 2009 when it was learned that souvenir copies of the sculpture were being made in China and not in Taiwan. These copies were being sold at the museum. + += = = Brooklyn, Connecticut = = = +Brooklyn is a town in Windham County, Connecticut. The population was 8,450 at the 2020 census. East Brooklyn is listed as a census-designated place and is located on the east side of Brooklyn. The town was founded in 1786. + += = = East Brooklyn, Connecticut = = = +East Brooklyn is a census-designated place in Windham County, Connecticut. The population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. East Brooklyn is next to Danielson. East Brooklyn is the urban side of Brooklyn. The racial makeup of the city was 85.49% White, 1.36% African American, 0.18% Native American, 2.31% Asian, 2.40% from other races, and 8.25% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.71% of the population. + += = = Canterbury, Connecticut = = = +Canterbury is a town in Windham County, Connecticut. The population was 5,045 at the 2020 census. The racial makeup of the town was 89.45% White, 1.27% African American, 0.36% Native American, 0.54% Asian, 1.47% from other races, and 6.92% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.16% of the population. +History. +The town was founded in the 1680s as Peagscomsuck until 1703. In 1832, Prudence Crandall, a school teacher, opened the first school for African American girls. The "Black Law" did not allow the education of black people. However, Crandall taught until she was sent to prison in 1832 for a short time. Angry mobs forced the school to close in 1834. Crandall later married and moved out of the state. Connecticut ended the "Black Law" in 1838. They also gave Crandall a small pension in 1886, four years before her death. The school is now the Prudence Crandall Museum. + += = = Chaplin, Connecticut = = = +Chaplin is a town in Windham County, Connecticut. Chaplin was named after Deacon Benjamin Chaplin, an early settler. The Chaplin Museum, Chaplin Historic District and the Witter House are located in Chaplin. + += = = Surface tension = = = +Surface tension is an effect where the surface of a liquid is strong. The surface can hold up a weight, and the surface of a water droplet holds the droplet together, in a ball shape. Some small things can float on a surface because of surface tension, even though they normally could not float. Some insects (e.g. water striders) can run on the surface of water because of this. This property is caused by the molecules in the liquid being attracted to each other (cohesion), and is responsible for many of the behaviors of liquids. +Surface tension has the dimension of force per unit length, or of energy per unit area. The two are equivalent—but when referring to energy per unit of area, people use the term surface energy—which is a more general term in the sense that it applies also to solids and not just liquids. +In materials science, surface tension is used for either surface stress or surface free energy. +Causes. +The cohesive forces among the liquid molecules cause surface tension. In the bulk of the liquid, each molecule is pulled equally in every direction by neighboring liquid molecules, resulting in a net force of zero. The molecules at the surface do not have other molecules on all sides of them and therefore are pulled inwards. This creates some internal pressure and forces liquid surfaces to contract to the minimal area. +Surface tension is responsible for the shape of liquid droplets. Although easily deformed, droplets of water tend to be pulled into a spherical shape by the cohesive forces of the surface layer. In the absence of other forces, including gravity, drops of virtually all liquids would be perfectly spherical. The spherical shape minimizes the necessary "wall tension" of the surface layer according to Laplace's law. +Another way to view it is in terms of energy. A molecule in contact with a neighbor is in a lower state of energy than if it were alone (not in contact with a neighbor). The interior molecules have as many neighbors as they can possibly have, but the boundary molecules are missing neighbors (compared to interior molecules). So, the boundary molecules have a higher energy. For the liquid to minimize its energy state, the number of higher energy boundary molecules must be minimized. The minimized quantity of boundary molecules results in a minimized surface area. +As a result of surface area minimization, a surface will assume the smoothest shape it can. Any curvature in the surface shape results in greater area and a higher energy. So, the surface will push back against any curvature in much the same way as a ball pushed uphill will push back to minimize its gravitational potential energy. +Effects in everyday life. +Water. +Studying water shows several effects of surface tension: +A. Rain water forms beads on the surface of a waxy surface, such as a leaf. Water adheres weakly to wax and strongly to itself, so water clusters into drops. Surface tension gives them their near-spherical shape, because a sphere has the smallest possible surface area to volume ratio. +B. Formation of drops occurs when a mass of liquid is stretched. The animation shows water adhering to the faucet gaining mass until it is stretched to a point where the surface tension can no longer bind it to the faucet. It then separates and surface tension forms the drop into a sphere. If a stream of water were running from the faucet, the stream would break up into drops during its fall. Gravity stretches the stream, then surface tension pinches it into spheres. +C. Objects denser than water still float when the object is nonwettable and its weight is small enough to be borne by the forces arising from surface tension. For example, water striders use surface tension to walk on the surface of a pond. The surface of the water behaves like an elastic film: the insect's feet cause indentations in the water's surface, increasing its surface area. +D. Separation of oil and water (in this case, water and liquid wax) is caused by a tension in the surface between dissimilar liquids. This type of surface tension is called "interface tension", but its physics are the same. +E. Tears of wine is the formation of drops and rivulets on the side of a glass containing an alcoholic beverage. Its cause is a complex interaction between the differing surface tensions of water and ethanol. It is induced by a combination of surface tension modification of water by ethanol together with ethanol evaporating faster than water. +Surfactants. +Surface tension is visible in other common phenomena, especially when surfactants are used to decrease it: +Basic physics. +Two definitions. +Surface tension, represented by the symbol "�" is defined as the force along a line of unit length, where the force is parallel to the surface but perpendicular to the line. One way to picture this is to imagine a flat soap film bounded on one side by a taut thread of length, "L". The thread will be pulled toward the interior of the film by a force equal to 2"formula_1L" (the factor of 2 is because the soap film has two sides, hence two surfaces). Surface tension is therefore measured in forces per unit length. Its SI unit is newton per meter but the cgs unit of dyne per cm is also used. One dyn/cm corresponds to 0.001 N/m. +An equivalent definition, one that is useful in thermodynamics, is work done per unit area. As such, in order to increase the surface area of a mass of liquid by an amount, "�A", a quantity of work, "formula_1�A", is needed. This work is stored as potential energy. Consequently surface tension can be also measured in SI system as joules per square meter and in the cgs system as ergs per cm2. Since mechanical systems try to find a state of minimum potential energy, a free droplet of liquid naturally assumes a spherical shape, which has the minimum surface area for a given volume. +The equivalence of measurement of energy per unit area to force per unit length can be proven by dimensional analysis. +Surface curvature and pressure. +If no force acts normal to a tensioned surface, the surface must remain flat. But if the pressure on one side of the surface differs from pressure on the other side, the pressure difference times surface area results in a normal force. In order for the surface tension forces to cancel the force due to pressure, the surface must be curved. The diagram shows how surface curvature of a tiny patch of surface leads to a net component of surface tension forces acting normal to the center of the patch. When all the forces are balanced, the resulting equation is known as the Young–Laplace equation: +where: +The quantity in parentheses on the right hand side is in fact (twice) the mean curvature of the surface (depending on normalization). +Solutions to this equation determine the shape of water drops, puddles, menisci, soap bubbles, and all other shapes determined by surface tension. (Another example is the shape of the impressions that a water strider's feet make on the surface of a pond). +The table below shows how the internal pressure of a water droplet increases with decreasing radius. For not very small drops the effect is subtle, but the pressure difference becomes enormous when the drop sizes approach the molecular size. (In the limit of a single molecule the concept becomes meaningless.) +Liquid surface. +It is hard to find the shape of the minimal surface bounded by some arbitrary shaped frame using just mathematics. Yet by fashioning the frame out of wire and dipping it in soap-solution, a locally minimal surface will appear in the resulting soap-film within seconds. +The reason for this is that the pressure difference across a fluid interface is proportional to the mean curvature, as seen in the Young-Laplace equation. For an open soap film, the pressure difference is zero, hence the mean curvature is zero, and minimal surfaces have the property of zero mean curvature. +Contact angles. +The surface of any liquid is an interface between that liquid and some other medium. The top surface of a pond, for example, is an interface between the pond water and the air. Surface tension, then, is not a property of the liquid alone, but a property of the liquid's interface with another medium. If a liquid is in a container, then besides the liquid/air interface at its top surface, there is also an interface between the liquid and the walls of the container. The surface tension between the liquid and air is usually different (greater than) its surface tension with the walls of a container. Where the two surfaces meet, the geometry will balance all forces. +Where the two surfaces meet, they form a contact angle, formula_5, which is the angle the tangent to the surface makes with the solid surface. The diagram to the right shows two examples. Tension forces are shown for the liquid-air interface, the liquid-solid interface, and the solid-air interface. The example on the left is where the difference between the liquid-solid and solid-air surface tension, formula_6, is less than the liquid-air surface tension, formula_7, but is still positive, that is +In the diagram, both the vertical and horizontal forces must cancel exactly at the contact point, known as equilibrium. The horizontal component of formula_9 is canceled by the adhesive force, formula_10. +The more important balance of forces, though, is in the vertical direction. The vertical component of formula_9 must exactly cancel the force, formula_13. +Since the forces are in direct proportion to their respective surface tensions, we also have: +where +This means that although the difference between the liquid-solid and solid-air surface tension, formula_20, is difficult to measure directly, it can be inferred from the liquid-air surface tension, formula_17, and the equilibrium contact angle, formula_5, which is a function of the easily measurable advancing and receding contact angles (see main article contact angle). +This same relationship exists in the diagram on the right. But in this case we see that because the contact angle is less than 90°, the liquid-solid/solid-air surface tension difference must be negative: +Special contact angles. +Observe that in the special case of a water-silver interface where the contact angle is equal to 90°, the liquid-solid/solid-air surface tension difference is exactly zero. +Another special case is where the contact angle is exactly 180°. Water with specially prepared Teflon approaches this. Contact angle of 180° occurs when the liquid-solid surface tension is exactly equal to the liquid-air surface tension. +Methods of measurement. +Because surface tension manifests itself in various effects, it offers a number of paths to its measurement. Which method is optimal depends upon the nature of the liquid being measured, the conditions under which its tension is to be measured, and the stability of its surface when it is deformed. +Effects. +Liquid in a vertical tube. +An old style mercury barometer consists of a vertical glass tube about 1 cm in diameter partially filled with mercury, and with a vacuum (called Torricelli's vacuum) in the unfilled volume (see diagram to the right). Notice that the mercury level at the center of the tube is higher than at the edges, making the upper surface of the mercury dome-shaped. The center of mass of the entire column of mercury would be slightly lower if the top surface of the mercury were flat over the entire crossection of the tube. But the dome-shaped top gives slightly less surface area to the entire mass of mercury. Again the two effects combine to minimize the total potential energy. Such a surface shape is known as a convex meniscus. +We consider the surface area of the entire mass of mercury, including the part of the surface that is in contact with the glass, because mercury does not adhere at all to glass. So the surface tension of the mercury acts over its entire surface area, including where it is in contact with the glass. If instead of glass, the tube were made out of copper, the situation would be very different. Mercury aggressively adheres to copper. So in a copper tube, the level of mercury at the center of the tube will be lower than at the edges (that is, it would be a concave meniscus). In a situation where the liquid adheres to the walls of its container, we consider the part of the fluid's surface area that is in contact with the container to have "negative" surface tension. The fluid then works to maximize the contact surface area. So in this case increasing the area in contact with the container decreases rather than increases the potential energy. That decrease is enough to compensate for the increased potential energy associated with lifting the fluid near the walls of the container. +If a tube is sufficiently narrow and the liquid adhesion to its walls is sufficiently strong, surface tension can draw liquid up the tube in a phenomenon known as capillary action. The height the column is lifted to is given by: +where +Puddles on a surface. +Pouring mercury onto a horizontal flat sheet of glass results in a puddle that has a perceptible thickness. The puddle will spread out only to the point where it is a little under half a centimeter thick, and no thinner. Again this is due to the action of mercury's strong surface tension. The liquid mass flattens out because that brings as much of the mercury to as low a level as possible, but the surface tension, at the same time, is acting to reduce the total surface area. The result is the compromise of a puddle of a nearly fixed thickness. +The same surface tension demonstration can be done with water, lime water or even saline, but only if the liquid does not adhere to the flat surface material. Wax is such a substance. Water poured onto a smooth, flat, horizontal wax surface, say a waxed sheet of glass, will behave similarly to the mercury poured onto glass. +The thickness of a puddle of liquid on a surface whose contact angle is 180° is given by: +where +In reality, the thicknesses of the puddles will be slightly less than what is predicted by the above formula because very few surfaces have a contact angle of 180° with any liquid. When the contact angle is less than 180°, the thickness is given by: +For mercury on glass, �Hg = 487 dyn/cm, �Hg = 13.5 g/cm3 and � = 140°, which gives hHg = 0.36 cm. For water on paraffin at 25 °C, � = 72 dyn/cm, � = 1.0 g/cm3, and � = 107° which gives hH2O = 0.44 cm. +The formula also predicts that when the contact angle is 0°, the liquid will spread out into a micro-thin layer over the surface. Such a surface is said to be fully wettable by the liquid. +The breakup of streams into drops. +In day-to-day life we all observe that a stream of water emerging from a faucet will break up into droplets, no matter how smoothly the stream is emitted from the faucet. This is due to a phenomenon called the Plateau–Rayleigh instability, which is entirely a consequence of the effects of surface tension. +The explanation of this instability begins with the existence of tiny perturbations in the stream. These are always present, no matter how smooth the stream is. If the perturbations are resolved into sinusoidal components, we find that some components grow with time while others decay with time. Among those that grow with time, some grow at faster rates than others. Whether a component decays or grows, and how fast it grows is entirely a function of its wave number (a measure of how many peaks and troughs per centimeter) and the radii of the original cylindrical stream. + += = = The Suite Life on Deck = = = +The Suite Life on Deck was an American television series on Disney Channel. It premiered on September 26, 2008. It is a sequel to "The Suite Life of Zack and Cody". The series is about twin brothers Zack and Cody Martin and hotel heiress London Tipton in a new setting, the SS "Tipton". The group goes to classes at a school on the boat that is called "Seven Seas High". On the boat, they meet Bailey Pickett. Mr. Moseby manages the ship. The ship travels around the world to Italy, Greece, India, Sweden and the United Kingdom. In the places where the ship travels, the characters experience different cultures, adventures, and situations. +Reception. +U.S. Nielsen ratings. +The show's first episode premiered on the Disney Channel in the US on September 26, 2008. Around 5.7 million people watched it on the night of its premiere.. The series premiere in Canada was also the most watched series premiere on Family channel. In December 2008, Business Wire reported that the show was 2008's #1 scripted television series for children between the ages 6 to 11 and older children between the ages 9 to 14, beating the older series "Hannah Montana" and "Wizards of Waverly Place" in the ratings.<ref name="Disney Channel/DisneyChannel.com Highlights For 2008"></ref> The show was in the #1 spot for the best rated children's television series for many months. The show has been one of the best 4 live-action television series for many months. Since then, “The Suite Life on Deck” had a large lead in the time slot (Friday 8:00 p.m.), ranking as TV's #1 program among the important children's age groups. The series is also #1 in total viewers on all cable, doing better than #2 rank (Fox News and Nickelodeon) by 800,000 more viewers. +As of August 2009, the highest rated episode of "The Suite Life on Deck" was "Double-Crossed," the second part of "Wizards On Deck with Hannah Montana", three episodes where guest stars from "Wizards of Waverly Place" and "Hannah Montana" came onto the show. It premiered on July 17, 2009 on Disney Channel. The special episode was viewed by more than 10.6 million people. It is one of the highest-rated episodes for a Disney Channel original series. +In early October 2009, the one hour special episode "Lost at Sea" became the most watched episode of the series. It had 7.6 million total viewers. In 2009, the series was the most watched scripted series in the children and older children group of viewers (6-14). The series second season's ratings were 25% higher than the show's season one ratings. The second season has averaged around 5.1 million viewers. +iTunes. +Before the series officially started airing, the first episode named "The Suite Life Sets Sail" was made available as a free download on iTunes. All series have since been made available. + += = = Atmospheric chemistry = = = +Atmospheric chemistry is a branch of science in which the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere and that of other planets is studied. It is a multidisciplinary field of research and draws on environmental chemistry, physics, meteorology, computer modeling, oceanography, geology and volcanology and other disciplines. Research is connected with other areas of study such as climatology. +Studying the atmosphere includes studying the interactions between the atmosphere and living organisms. The composition of the Earth's atmosphere changes as result of natural processes such as volcano emissions, lightning and bombardment by solar particles from the Sun's corona. It has also been changed by human activity. Some of these changes are harmful to human health, crops and ecosystems. Examples of problems include acid rain, ozone depletion, photochemical smog, greenhouse gases and global warming. Atmospheric chemists study the causes of these problems. Atmospheric chemists offer theories about these problems, then test the theories and possible solutions. Atmospheric chemists also note the effects of changes in government policy. +Atmospheric composition. +Notes: the concentration of CO2 and CH4 vary by season and location. The mean molecular mass of air is 28.97 g/mol. +History. +The ancient Greeks regarded air as one of the four elements. The first scientific studies of atmospheric composition began in the 18th century. Chemists such as Joseph Priestley, Antoine Lavoisier and Henry Cavendish made the first measurements of the composition of the atmosphere. +In the late 19th and early 20th centuries interest shifted towards trace constituents with very small concentrations. One important discovery for atmospheric chemistry was the discovery of ozone by Christian Friedrich Schönbein in 1840. +The concentrations of trace gases in the atmosphere have changed over time and so have the chemical processes which make and destroy compounds in the air. Two important examples of this were the explanation by Sydney Chapman and Gordon Dobson of how the ozone layer is created and maintained, and the explanation of photochemical smog by Arie Jan Haagen-Smit. Further studies on ozone issues led to the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry award shared between Paul Crutzen, Mario Molina and Frank Sherwood Rowland. +In the 21st century the focus is now shifting again. Atmospheric chemistry is increasingly studied as one part of the Earth system. Before, scientists focused on atmospheric chemistry in isolation. Now, scientists study atmospheric chemistry as one part of a single system with the rest of the atmosphere, biosphere and geosphere. A reason for this is the links between chemistry and climate. For example, changing climate and the recovery of the ozone hole affect each other. Also, the composition of the atmosphere interact with the oceans and terrestrial ecosystems. +Methodology. +Observations, lab measurements and modeling are the three central elements in atmospheric chemistry. All three methods are used together. For example, observations may tell that more of a chemical compound exists than previously thought possible. This will stimulate new modelling and laboratory studies which will increase scientific understanding to a point where the observations can be explained. +Observation. +Observations of atmospheric chemistry are important. Scientist record data about the chemical composition of air over time to watch for any changes. One example of this is the Keeling Curve - a series of measurements from 1958 to today which show a steady rise in of the concentration of carbon dioxide. Observations of atmospheric chemistry are made in observatories such as that on Mauna Loa and on mobile platforms such as aircraft, ships and balloons. Observations of atmospheric composition are increasingly made by satellites giving a global picture of air pollution and chemistry. Surface observations have the advantage that they provide long term records at high time resolution but provide data from a limited vertical and horizontal space. Some surface based instruments such as LIDAR can provide concentration profiles of chemical compounds and aerosol but are still restricted in the horizontal region they cover. Many observations are shared on-line. +Lab measurements. +Measurements made in the laboratory are essential to our understanding of the sources and sinks of pollutants and compounds found in nature. Lab studies tell which gases react with each other and how fast they react. Scientists measure reactions in the gas phase, on surfaces and in water. Scientists also study photochemistry which quantifies how quickly molecules are split apart by sunlight and what the products are. Scientists also study thermodynamic data such as Henry's law coefficients. + += = = Buzen Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Fukuoka Prefecture and Ōita Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū. Along with Bungo Province, it was sometimes called . +Buzen had borders with Bungo and Chikuzen Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was near Toyotsu, Fukuoka. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Buzen Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Usa-jinjū" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Buzen. + += = = Chikugo Province = = = + is the name of a old province of Japan in the area that is today the southern part of Fukuoka Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū. Along with Chikuzen Province, it was sometimes called +Chikugo had borders with Hizen, Chikuzen, Bungo, and Higo Provinces. +History. +The ancient capital city of the province was near Kurume, Fukuoka. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Chikugo Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Kōra taisha" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Chikugo. + += = = Chikuzen Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area that is today part of Fukuoka Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū. Along with Chikugo Province, it was sometimes called . +Chikuzen had borders with Buzen, Bungo, Chikugo, and Hizen Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was near Dazaifu. +History. +At the end of the 13th century, Chikuzen was the landing point for a Mongol invasion force. But the main force was destroyed by a typhoon which was later called "kamikaze". +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Chikuzen Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Sumiyoshi-jinja" and "Hakosagi-gū" were the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") of Chikuzen. + += = = Windows Live Mail = = = +Windows Live Mail is an email client made by Microsoft. It is part of the Windows Live set of products. The application takes over Outlook Express on Windows XP and Windows Mail on Windows Vista. You can download Windows Live Mail for free as part of the Windows Live Essentials suite. + += = = Higo Province = = = +Higo Province (���; Higo no kuni) was an old province of Japan in the area that is today Kumamoto Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū. Along with Hizen Province, it was sometimes called . +Higo had borders with Chikugo, Bungo, Hyūga, Ōsumi, and Satsuma Provinces. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Higo Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Aso-jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Higo. + += = = Hizen Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Saga Prefecture and Nagasaki Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū. Along with Higo Province, it was sometimes called . +Hizen had borders with the provinces of Chikuzen and Chikugo. +The ancient capital city of the province was near Saga. +History. +The name "Hizen" dates from the Nara Period, when the province was divided from Higo Province. The name appears in the "Shoku Nihongi". +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Hizen Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Kawakami jinja" and "Chiriku Hachiman-gū" were the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") of Hizen. + += = = Hyūga Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Miyazaki Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū. It was sometimes called or . +Hyūga had borders with Bungo, Higo, Ōsumi, and Satsuma Province. +The ancient capital city of the province was near Saito. +History. +In Kojiki and Nihon Shoki, Hyūga is called in Tsukushi-no-shima, with Tsukushi, Toyo and Hi Province. +In 713 ("Wadō 6, 3rd month"), the province of Hyūga was separated from Ōsumi. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Hyūga Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Tsuno jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Hyūga. + += = = Apollo 4 = = = +Apollo 4 was the first unmanned test flight mission of the Saturn V launch vehicle. This was the rocket used in the Apollo program to send the first men to the Moon. The rocket was launched on November 9, 1967 from the Kennedy Space Center. NASA said that the mission was a complete success, and it helped the Apollo program very much. + += = = Alfred Maurer = = = +Alfred Henry Maurer (April 21, 1868 – August 4, 1932) was an American modernist painter. He exhibited his work in avant-garde circles during the early 20th century. +Maurer was born in New York City, the son of a German lithographer. At the age of sixteen, Maurer quit school to work at his father's lithographic firm. In 1897 Maurer left for Paris, where he stayed the next four years, joining a circle of American and French artists. At the time, Maurer's style was realist. +Briefly returning to New York, he was determined to show his skeptical father that he could paint. Maurer painted what arguably is his most famous painting "An Arrangement", using a woman next door as a model and completing the work (on a borrowed piece of cardboard) in a matter of hours. The painting received first prize at the 1901 Carnegie International Exhibition. Other awards received by Maurer included the Inness Jr. prize of the Salmagundi Club in 1900 and a bronze medal at the Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo, New York in 1901. In 1905 he won the third medal at the Liège International Exposition and a gold medal at the International Exposition in Munich. +At the age of thirty-six, in Paris, Maurer changed his methods sharply. From that point on he painted only in the cubist and fauvist manner. By 1909 he was an important American avant-garde painter. He had a two-man exhibition with John Marin in New York City at the 291 Gallery. Four of his paintings were included in the Armory Show of 1913. +Leaving Paris shortly before World War I, he returned to his father's house, but was denied support. For the next 17 years, Maurer painted in a garret in his father's house, and gained no critical acclaim. However, he took part in exhibitions at the Anderson Galleries and others. He exhibited regularly at the New York Society of Independent Artists and was elected their director in 1919. In 1924 the New York dealer Erhard Weyhe bought the contents of Maurer's studio and represented the artist for the remainder of his career. + += = = Virgin Interactive = = = +Virgin Interactive was a British video game publisher. It was formed as Virgin Games Ltd. in 1981. The company became much larger after purchasing the budget label, Mastertronic in 1987. It was part of the Virgin Group. In 1994 it was renamed Virgin Interactive. +Summary. +General summary. +It published games for PC and systems, including the Amiga, ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC, C64, Sega Master System, Sega Mega Drive, Sega Game Gear, Super Nintendo Entertainment System, Sega Saturn, Sony PlayStation, Nintendo 64 and Dreamcast. +It helped the career of many developers, including Westwood Studios (who developed Command & Conquer Series and the PC port of Resident Evil) and Synergistic. Also, many workers for Shiny Entertainment, including David Perry, worked for Virgin before splitting off to create "Earthworm Jim". +Also among Virgin Interactive alumni are famed video game composer Tommy Tallarico, artist Doug TenNapel, designer David Bishop, animator Bill Kroyer, animator/artists Andy Luckey and Mike Dietz and programmer Andy Astor. +In 1993 Virgin Interactive created the "Digicel" process, originally for an unpublished game called "Dynoblaze". Key to developing the process were Dr. Stephen Clarke-Willson, David Perry, designer David Bishop, animator Bill Kroyer, animator artists Andy Luckey, animator Mike Dietz and programmer Andy Astor. The technology was first released to the public in "Disney's Aladdin" for the Sega Mega Drive/Sega Genesis, and subsequently on such projects as "The Lion King" video game. +The worldwide operations were acquired in a management buyout backed by Mark Dyne who became its Chief Executive Officer in 1998. Tim Chaney, the former Managing Director, was named as President. The U.S. operations were spun out to Electronic Arts as part of its acquisition of Westwood Studios that same year. +The Company's assets were acquired by the French publisher Titus Software — its name was changed to Avalon Interactive on July 1, 2003. +In May 2002, the Spanish division of Virgin Interactive, known as Virgin Interactive España, was purchased by Tim Chaney along with former Spanish president and founder Paco Encinas. The branch was then separated from the main Virgin Interactive company, already part of Titus Software, and kept its own identity as a Virgin brand. Renamed Virgin Play in October 2002, this Spanish publisher remains as the sole representation of the Virgin Group in the video game industry. + += = = Charles Cecil = = = +Charles Cecil MBE (born 11 August 1962) is an English video game designer. He has worked in the interactive entertainment industry for 25 years. He is currently the Managing Director for UK based company Revolution Software which has released such critical and commercial hits as "Beneath a Steel Sky" and the "Broken Sword" series. Cecil is on the advisory panel of the Edinburgh Interactive Entertainment Festival, and Develop Conference and regularly talks at events and to mainstream press about creative and commercial aspects of the video games industry. He is also a co-founder and director of Game Republic, an alliance of game developers, and is a Board member of Screen Yorkshire, a regional agency that supports movie, television and interactive entertainment in Yorkshire. In 2006, Cecil was awarded the status of ‘industry legend’ by Develop, Europe’s leading development magazine. + += = = Barrington Pheloung = = = +Barrington Somers Pheloung (10 May 1954 – 1 August 2019) was an Australian composer. He lived in England. He is one of the most prolific television and movie composers in the UK, known for his wide range of compositional genres. +Best known for the theme and incidental music to the "Inspector Morse", for which he was nominated for 'Best Original Television Music' at the British Academy Television Awards in 1991, the sequel " Lewis", and the prequel "Endeavour". He has also composed for dance companies, such as the London Contemporary Dance Theatre, and for events, including the opening night of the Millennium Dome.. Pheloung also wrote the theme music for the BBC television series Dalziel & Pascoe. +His film work, includes "Hillary and Jackie", based on the life of the cellist Jacqueline du Pré, for which he was nominated for the 'Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music' at the 52nd British Academy Film Awards. Other works include "A Previous Engagement", "The Little Fugitive", "Shopgirl", "Touching Wild Horses", "Twin Dragons", "Shopping" and "The Mangler". He also made the music to Revolution Software's adventure games In Cold Blood and the first two Broken Swords. +Pheloung's other work includes music for the Sydney Opera House's Twentieth Birthday Celebrations and he contributed to the music for the movie, "Truly, Madly, Deeply" in which he also appeared. He composed the incidental music for the first series of "Boon". +In 2009 he composed the music for "1983", the concluding episode of the acclaimed Channel 4 drama series "Red Riding". +He died in August 2019 at the age of 65 of respiratory failure. + += = = Don Bluth = = = +Donald Virgil "Don" Bluth (born September 13, 1937) is an American animator and independent studio owner. He is best known for leaving The Walt Disney Company in 1979 and later directing of animated movies such as "The Secret of NIMH" (1982), "An American Tail" (1986), "The Land Before Time" (1988), "All Dogs Go to Heaven" (1989), "Anastasia" (1997), and "Titan A.E." (2000), as well as his work on the laserdisc game "Dragon's Lair". +He is also often credited for providing competition to Disney, and making them improve from their streak of less-successful movie efforts to the movies that would make up the Disney Renaissance. + += = = Manierre Dawson = = = +Manierre Dawson (December 22, 1887, Chicago, Illinois – August 15, 1969, Sarasota, Florida) was an avant-garde painter and sculptor. He was born and raised in Chicago, but lived most of his life in Michigan. +Manieerre's work been called "surprising and prophetic". During a tour of Europe in 1910, he started painting true abstract works. Back in America, he became convinced that he could not earn a living at art, and became a farmer. He was forgotten until a rediscovery in 1963. He may have been the first person to paint a completely abstract work. He was probably the earliest American abstract artist, slightly ahead of Arthur Dove. +Early career. +After working for a year with a firm of architects, he was granted a six-month leave-of-absence for an educational tour of Europe. He departed in mid-June 1910 for his only trip abroad. He made his way across England to France, south through Germany, across Switzerland to Italy, back north for a second stay in Paris, and around northern Germany before embarking from Bremerhaven in late-November. In Sienna, he met and exchanged ideas on painting with John Singer Sargent. During his return visit to Paris he attended a Saturday evening soirée at the apartment of Gertrude Stein and he saw paintings by Paul Cézanne in the gallery of Ambroise Vollard. +1911 through 1914 were the most productive years of his career. In 1914, Dawson participated in two group exhibitions. Summers spent at the family’s retreat in Mason Country, Michigan were his most productive periods during his early career and provided rudimentary knowledge of growing and marketing fruit. He met Lilian Boucher, the daughter of a local farmer, and fell in love. They married in July 1915 and three children were born over the next five years. +Later career. +Living in rural Michigan and struggling financially he made art from what was available (Portland cement, scraps of lumber, pieces of plywood). Sheets of composite wood (brand names Novoply and Timblend) were laminated together for thickness and carved into freestanding sculptures. +The first real recognition of his work began in 1966 with a retrospective exhibition mounted by the Grand Rapids Art Museum. An exhibition organized by the John and Mable Ringing Museum in Sarasota and shared with the Norton Gallery in West Palm Springs followed a year later. This exhibition brought Dawson to the attention of Robert Schoelkopf, who showed his work in New York in April 1969 and March 1981. +When Dawson was diagnosed with cancer in 1968, he sold the Michigan farm and moved to Sarasota permanently. He died on August 15, 1969. + += = = Pierre Guéry = = = +Pierre Guéry (born 1965) is a French writer, poet and performer. +Life and work. +Born in Marseille (France), he studied music, drama and modern dance and gained a doctorate in literature and phonetics. +These various strands merge together in his poetic work. He is a performance poet, for whom very different places can be stages for his reading. Illness, madness and mourning are the main subjects of his sound poetry. He uses his voice in many different ways in his performances, from whispering to screaming, from sounds that are not words to formal reciting. +Since 2006 he has been taking part in various poetic and artistic events in France, Belgium, Canada, Germany and Lebanon. +In 2009 he translated the "Poems of Guantanamo" into French, and he has translated some work of important beat poets and spoken word artists such as Anne Waldman and Lawrence Ferlinghetti, from the American. + += = = Arthur Dove = = = +Arthur Garfield Dove (August 2, 1880 – November 23, 1946) was an American artist. An early American modernist, he was the first American abstract painter to be shown publicly. In recent years it has become clear that Manierre Dawson was probably slightly ahead of Dove and Kandinsky in producing pure abstracts. + += = = Dynamical systems theory = = = +Dynamical systems theory is a field of applied mathematics that studies objects that change over time. Mathematicians in this field study equations that define these objects. A classic example includes equations of motion, which have been used to learn about basic behavior of mechanical systems. Equations can either describe changes across finite periods of time (or difference equations) or changes with time being continuous time (differential equations). When differential equations are used, the theory is called "continuous" dynamical systems theory. When difference equations are used, it is called "discrete" dynamical systems theory. +The theory looks at the long-term behaviour of dynamical systems. The study also includes the motion of planets, or electronic circuits. + += = = Sol Linowitz = = = +Sol Myron Linowitz (December 7, 1913 – March 18, 2005) was an American diplomat, lawyer, and businessman born in Trenton, NJ. +He was a graduate of Trenton Central High School, Hamilton College and Cornell Law School. Early in his law career, he helped Xerox get patents on office copier inventions. +Linowitz helped negotiate the return of the Panama Canal to Panama under the direction of President Jimmy Carter. Besides being a career diplomat, lawyer, and one time chairman of Xerox, he wrote two books, "The Making of a Public Man: A Memoir", and "The Betrayed Profession". +He received the Presidential Medal of Freedom. He served on the Cornell University Board of Trustees. + += = = William P. Carey = = = +William Polk Carey (May 11, 1930 – January 2, 2012) was an American businessman. He was the first person to apply leaseback financing to things other than automobiles. Carey started W. P. Carey & Co. LLC. It is a corporate real estate financing company. The headquarters of the company are in New York City in 1973. The company is the largest publicly traded limited liability company in the world. , the company owns more than 1,300 properties in 24 countries. It owns more than of space. +Early life, career, and family. +Carey was born May 11, 1930 in Baltimore, Maryland. He is a direct descendant of the 11th US President, James K. Polk. Carey's family has long ties in Baltimore. His great-great-great-grandfather James Carey was an 18th- and 19th-century Baltimore shipper, the chairman of the Bank of Maryland, a member of Baltimore's first City council, and a relative of Johns Hopkins. His grandmother, Anne Galbraith Carey, started the Gilman School for boys in the Baltimore suburb of Roland Park in 1897. As a young man, Carey left the Gilman School to go to the Pomfret School in Connecticut. After this, he studied at Princeton University and the University of Pennsylvania. He served in the Air Force for two years. He then worked at his stepfather's car dealership to repay his college expenses. He learned about leaseback financing while he worked there. He then moved to New York City. Carey lived in New York City and Rensselaerville, New York. In 1988, Carey started the W.P. Carey Foundation. In 1999, he served as the Executive in Residence at the Harvard Business School. +Arizona State University W. P. Carey School of Business. +Carey was a benefactor to the Arizona State University College of Business. In 2002, Carey gave million to the College of Business. Because of this, the University renamed its business school the W. P. Carey School of Business. +The Johns Hopkins University Carey Business School. +Carey talks with Johns Hopkins University about a proposal to start a business school in the 1950s. John Hopkins was not interested. In December 2006, it was announced that Carey gave $50 million to Johns Hopkins University. He was a trustee emeritus at the school and donated the money through his W.P. Carey Foundation. It was the largest gift given to Hopkins in support of business education. John Hopkins school of business is now called the Carey Business School. The Hopkins business school was renamed after William Carey's great-great-great-grandfather, James Carey. The school offers a Master of Science in Real Estate program. It is one of the first in the Baltimore/Washington, D.C. area. +University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law. +On April 25, 2011, Carey gave $30 million to the University of Maryland School of Law. The gift was given to increase the school's endowment. The school was renamed after Carey's grandfather, Francis King Carey, He was a graduate of the Law School in 1880. +Contribution to The Gilman School. +In the mid-1990s, the Gilman School started discussing the renovations of Carey Hall. It was the school's main building and housed the Upper School students. Carey Hall was named after Carey's grandmother. It was built in 1910. The building had remained the same until late 2006. Carey gave $10million to the school's capital campaign fund. This amount was twenty percent of the total amount of money raised for the renovation of Carey Hall. On December 10, 2007, Carey Hall was re-opened. +Sewanee. +Carey is a direct descendent of Bishop Leonidas Polk, the founder of Sewanee, the "University of the South." Sewanee named an undergraduate business program in Carey's honor. Carey also funded the Carey Fellowships for honor business students. In 2006, Carey received an honorary degree from Sewanee. + += = = Teddy Stadium = = = +Teddy Stadium (, "Itztadion Teddy") is a football stadium in Jerusalem, Israel. It is the home ground of Beitar Jerusalem F.C. and Hapoel Jerusalem F.C. It is named after the long time Jerusalem mayor Teddy Kollek. For Beitar the stadium was important. They played at the YMCA Stadium. That stadium was nicknamed "The Sandbox" because of its bad ground conditions. +Originally only the west and east sides of the stadium were built giving it a capacity of 13,000. In 1999 work was finished on a north side. Now the capacity is 31,733. +The stadium itself is one of the newest in Israel and meets all European standards. The stadium has 5,000 parking spots and is connected to the Malha Mall and its parking facilities by a pedestrian bridge. The stadium is located at the Begin Expressway and the Malha Train Station. So people can go to the stadium either by car or rail. +Teddy Stadium has hosted international football matches. It was also the place for the Maccabiah Games opening ceremony and other public events. + += = = Infinitesimal = = = +Infinitesimals are quantities that are too small to measure. +Infinitesimal calculus. +Newton and Leibniz developed the calculus based on an intuitive notion of an infinitesimal. In 1870, Karl Weierstraß provided the first rigorous treatment of the calculus, using the limit method. But in 1960, Abraham Robinson found that infinitesimals also provide a rigorous basis for the calculus. Many calculus courses still begin with the difficult limit concept, but others now adopt the easier to understand infinitesimal concept. +In differential calculus, in both the limit and infinitesimal versions, the velocity of a particle is represented by formula_1, where "s" is the position of the particle and "t" the time at which the velocity is measured. In infinitesimal calculus, d"s" and d"t" are simply very small quantities. In general, the term formula_2 is called the differential of the variable formula_3. +Assume that "s" = "t"2, we have that at time "t" + d"t", "s" + d"s" = (t + d"t")2. From these equations, we can determine d"s" in terms of d"t" by using simple algebra as follows: + formula_4 +which means that: + formula_5 +Because d"t" is infinitesimal, one can just ignore it, so the instantanous velocity is "v" = 2"t". One gets the same result using the limit version, with greater rigour. The infinitesimal derivation can also be made more rigorous. + += = = Linzer Stadion = = = +The Stadion der Stadt Linz (City of Linz Stadium) is the largest stadium in Upper Austria. It is also known as Gugl stadium after the hill it is situated on. It was built in 1952. It was renovated and adapted often since this year. At the moment there are adaption works. After this the stadium is for 20 000 people. +The stadium is owned by LIVA. The LIVA is the event agency of the City of Linz. The stadium is the homeground of LASK Linz and Blau Weiß Linz. Beetween 1988 and 2008 there was an annual track and field athletics meeting. +The stadium was demolished in 2021. The Raiffeisen Arena was built in its place. + += = = Second Battle of Ypres = = = +The Second Battle of Ypres was a battle of the First World War. It was fought for control of the town of Ypres in western Belgium. It happened in the spring of 1915. It was the first time that Germany successfully used chemical weapons on a large scale on the Western Front. It was also the first time a former Colonial power defeated a major European power in European soil. The battle was the beginning of a new danger; gas, which will cost both sides thousands of casualties the rest of the war. +Prelude. +During the months of April and May 1915, the two sides fought over Hill 60. The allies captured the hill five days before the Second battle of Ypres began. Hill 60 was on the southeast edge of the Ypres Salient. It was an excellent Observation post to see the salient. Hill 60 would also be involved in the battle that followed. +The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 had not allowed "projectiles" that carried poison gas. Before the second battle at Ypres, the Germans had placed 5,700 chlorine gas cylinders in front of their trenches. For weeks before the battle, the allied high command picked up intelligence the Germans intended to use poison gas. However, they didn't believe the Germans would do it. +Gas attacks. +The first casualties of the chlorine gas attack in World War One were the French (mostly Algerian soldiers). They were not trained for this kind of attack. When the first Chlorine gas was released into the air, the French began to retreat in massive numbers. This left the Canadians without any French support. It also left their center open to any German attack. But the Germans were unprepared for the results of the gas attack. Their reserves of manpower were low and they failed to take advantage of the French withdrawal. Canadian and British troops quickly filled the gap in the lines to stop the Germans from attacking. +Some Germans were exposed to the gas as well. By the end of the battle the Allies and Germans had suffered massive casualties. The Canadians alone suffered over 6000 casualties. Gas masks were rare at the time, and the Allied troops did not have them. A Canadian ceramic maker was able to recognize the color of the gas. He immediately told the soldiers to urinate on a towel and put it over their face. This isolated (separated) the gas components and stopped the gas from killing the Canadian soldiers. +This was actually the second time the Germans had used gas against enemy troops. The first attempt was at the Battle of Bolimov, Russia in February 1915. The freezing temperatures caused the gas to fall to the ground harmlessly. + += = = European Aviation Safety Agency = = = +The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is a working group of the European Union (EU). The agency offices are in Cologne, Germany. EASA which has been given regulatory and executive tasks in the field of civilian aviation safety. The current Head of the EASA is Luc Tytgat. +History. +EASA was created on 15 July 2002. The agency took over functions of the JAA (Joint Aviation Authorities) in 2008. +Functions. +The Agency’s responsibility and jurisdiction include +The EASA is the European point of reference in aviation safety. The agency has taken over functions of the National Aviation Authorities (NAAs). This is part of the process of standardisation across the EU. EASA assists the European Commission in international harmonisation agreements. +EASA is tasked by Article 15(4) of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 February 2008 to provide a review of aviation safety each year. The "Annual Safety Review" presents statistics on European and worldwide civil aviation safety. + += = = École pour l'informatique et les techniques avancées = = = +École pour l'informatique et les techniques avancées, commonly named EPITA, is a French private, non-profit university. It is in Le Kremlin-Bicêtre (close to Paris), Rennes, Lyon, Strasbourg, Toulouse and La Défense, France. The school was created in 1984. +EPITA is specialized in the different fields of IT. The school is part of IONIS Education Group and "Conférence des Grandes Écoles". Since 1997, the head is Joël Courtois. + += = = Institut Sup'Biotech de Paris = = = +Institut Sup'Biotech de Paris, commonly named Sup'Biotech, is a French private, non-profit university establishment. It is in Villejuif (close to Paris), and in Lyon, France. The school was created in 2003. Sup'Biotech specialises in Biotechnology. The school is part of IONIS Education Group. + += = = North Downs = = = +The North Downs are a group of hills in southeast England. The contain a large amount of chalk. The North Downs stretch from The White Cliffs of Dover in Kent to Farnham in Surrey. There are many beautiful places in the area which are called Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONBs). + += = = National Historic Landmark = = = +A National Historic Landmark (NHL) is a building, site, structure, object, or district with historical importance. The United States government marks them as NHLs only if they have high historical significance. Out of more than 80,000 places on the National Register of Historic Places only about 2,430 are NHLs. +A National Historic Landmark District (NHLD) is a historic district that is recognized as an NHL. It may include contributing properties that have buildings, structures, sites or objects, and it may include non-contributing properties. +History. +On October 9, 1960, Secretary of the Interior Fred Andrew Seaton announced 92 properties as NHLs. The first of these was a political nomination, Sergeant Floyd Grave and Monument in Sioux City, Iowa as officially designated on June 30 of that year, but for various reasons the public announcement of the first several NHLs was delayed. +Criteria. +NHLs are designated by the United States Secretary of the Interior because they are: +Overview of current NHLs. +Of the 2,442 or so current NHLs, 3 states, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, and New York account for nearly 25 percent of the nation's NHLs. In addition to these states, cities within these states, Boston, Philadelphia, and New York City (each separately) alone have more NHLs than 40 out of the 50 states. There are NHLs in all 50 states. There are 74 in the District of Columbia, 15 in Puerto Rico and other U.S. commonwealths and territories, five in U.S.-associated states such as Micronesia, and one in Morocco. +There are 128 ships or shipwrecks that are NHLs. +Other. +About half of the National Historic Landmarks are privately owned. The National Historic Landmarks Program relies on suggestions for new designations from the National Park Service, which also assists in maintaining the landmarks. The National Historic Landmark Stewards Association is a friends' group of owners and managers who works to preserve, protect and promote National Historic Landmarks. +If not already listed on the National Register of Historic Places, an NHL is automatically added to the Register upon designation. About three percent of Register listings are NHLs. + += = = Iki Province = = = + was an island province of Japan in the area of Nagasaki Prefecture near the island of Kyūshū. The province is also known as . +The province was Iki Island. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Iki Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Amanotanagao jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Iki. + += = = McAfee = = = +McAfee, Inc. is a computer security company. Its headquarters are in Santa Clara, California, United States. It sells software and services to home users, businesses and the public sector. It was founded in 1987. Intel bought McAfee in 2010. + += = = Ōsumi Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Kagoshima Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū. It was sometimes called . +Ōsumi had borders with Hyūga and Satsuma Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was near Kokubu. +History. +In 713 ("Wadō 6, 3rd month"), the land of Ōsumi Province was separated from Hyūga. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Ōsumi Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Japan's first satellite was named "Ōsumi". It was launched February 11, 1970. +Shrines and Temples. +"Kagoshima jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Ōsumi. + += = = Satsuma Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Kagoshima Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū. Its abbreviation is Sasshū (��). +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Satsuma Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Hirasaki jinja" and "Nitta Hachiman-gū" were the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") of Satsuma. + += = = Tsushima Province = = = + was an Japanese island province off the west coast of the island of Kyushu. It was sometimes called . +The province was the Tsushima Islands, which is today part of Nagasaki Prefecture. +The capital city of the province was located at Izuhara. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Tsushima Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Kaijin jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Tsushima. + += = = Duo Dickinson = = = +George "Duo" Dickinson (born August, 21, 1955) is an American architect. He has built over 500 projects in over 10 states, with budgets ranging from $5,000 to $5,000,000. He maintains an office of 10 staff members in Madison, Connecticut. +Life and career. +Dickinson graduated from Cornell in 1977 with a Bachelor's degree in Architecture and opened his own architectural practice in 1987. He is licensed in Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Texas, Florida, Arizona, Oklahoma, Minnesota and Tennessee. +His work has received more than 30 awards, including the "Architectural Record" Record House, the "Metropolitan Home" Met Home Award, and the Connecticut and New York American Institute of Architects design awards. He is the first non-member award-winner of the Society of America Registered Architects' 2009 Special Service Award. He is the co-Founder of The Congress of Residential Architecture (CORA), the first national organization of residential designers. CORA has grown to over 20 chapters and 1,000 members in seven years. +Publications. +Dickinson's design work has been published in over 70 publications including the "New York Times", "Architectural Record" and "House Beautiful". He has written seven books, including "The Small House" and "Expressive Details" for McGraw-Hill and "The House You Build", published by Taunton Press and as a paperback entitled "House On A Budget". His last book, "Staying Put", was released by Taunton Press in November 2011. +Dickinson is a commissioned blogger for the "New Haven Register", and his blog, "Saved By Design" has been up since the summer of 2010. He is a contributing writer on home design for "Money Magazine". Additionally he is the architecture critic for the "New Haven Register" and contributing writer in home design for "New Haven" magazine. Dickinson has written articles for more than a dozen national publications including "Residential Architect", "Home" and "Fine Homebuilding" and was a contributing writer for the “By Design” column for "This Old House" magazine. +Academia. +Dickinson has taught at Yale College, Roger Williams University and at the Harvard Graduate School of Design Summer Program. Additionally he has lectured at dozens of universities, AIA associations, and at national conventions and gatherings. +Media. +Dickinson was the co-host of the CNN/Money Magazine web series "Home Work". He was under contract with Lightworks Producing Group to create production ideas for cable television programming focusing on residential design and is in production with Bruce Barber on a regional radio program "The Real Life Survival Guide" scheduled to begin airing in 2011. He has appeared on a variety of national media platforms, including Heritage Radio Network's "Burning Down the House", CNN’s "Open House", NPR’s "Studio 360" and "Weekend Marketplace". +Community. +Dickinson sits on the board of seven not-for-profit organizations, including the New Haven Chapter of Habitat for Humanity, the Katherine Hepburn Cultural Arts Center, and Madison Cultural Arts. Additionally, 20-30% of the ongoing work in his office is dedicated to "pro bono" or at-cost work for not-for-profits, totaling over 50 projects for over 30 organizations over the last 25 years. + += = = Aki Province = = = + or Geishū (��) was an old province in the area of Hiroshima Prefecture on the island of Honshū. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Aki Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Itsukushima jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Aki. + += = = Bingo Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of the eastern part of Hiroshima Prefecture on the island of Honshū. Along with Bizen and Bitchū Provinces, it was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Bitchū, Hōki, Izumo, Iwami, and Aki Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was in the area of Fuchu. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Bingo Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Kibitsu jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Bingo. + += = = Thelton Henderson = = = +Thelton Eugene Henderson (born November 28, 1933, Shreveport, Louisiana) is a federal judge in the Northern District of California. He has played an important role in civil rights as a lawyer, educator, and jurist. +Career. +Henderson received his undergraduate and law degrees from University of California, Berkeley. In 1962, he became the Justice Department's first African-American lawyer in the Civil Rights Division. He was sent to the South to monitor local law enforcement for any civil rights abuses, a role that included investigating the 1963 16th Street Baptist Church bombing which killed four girls. In this capacity, he met Martin Luther King and other leaders of the Civil Rights Movement, after winning over their initial skepticism of being a government attorney. +After time in private practice, he served as director of a Legal Aid Society of San Mateo County office in East Palo Alto, California. In 1969, he became assistant dean at Stanford Law School, where he started the minority recruiting program and helped diversify the student body. He also assisted in creating Stanford's clinical program. During this time, he also was a consultant to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, Office of Economic Opportunity, Carnegie Corporation, and Ford Foundation. In 1977, he left Stanford to start a law firm which specialized in civil rights, civil liberties and other issues of constitutional law. He also was a law professor at Golden Gate University. +Federal service. +In June 1980, President Jimmy Carter appointed Henderson as U.S. District Court Judge. From 1990 to 1997, Henderson served as Chief Judge for the Northern District of California. Since 1998, he has served as Senior Judge. +In the late 1980s, Henderson presided over a long-running case over the fishing industry's practice of snaring dolphins in its tuna nets. Environmental groups charged that millions of dolphins had drowned because of the industry's refusal to follow existing safety regulations. He +also rejected attempts by the Clinton and Bush administrations to relax legal standards on fishing practices and loosen dolphin safe labeling on tuna. +In a landmark 1995 civil rights case, "Madrid v. Gomez", Henderson found the use of force and level of medical care at the Pelican Bay State Prison unconstitutional. During its subsequent federal oversight process, Henderson visited the prison. +In a 1997 decision, he struck down Proposition 209, the anti-affirmative action California initiative, as unconstitutional. Many supporters of Proposition 209 criticized his decision, and the next year a three-judge Court of Appeals panel overturned his decision. +In 2005, Henderson found that substandard medical care in the California prison system had violated prisoners' rights under the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution to be protected from cruel and unusual punishment. Bad medical care had led to unnecessary deaths in California prisons. In 2006, he appointed Robert Sillen as receiver to take over the health care system of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation; he replaced Sillen with J. Clark Kelso in 2008. +In addition to his official work, he went to South Africa in 1985 with fellow judge Leon Higginbotham as a judicial observer and guest of the nation's black lawyers association. While there he was briefly detained and interrogated by white policemen. +Honors and Recognition. +Among his awards are the State Bar of California's Bernard Witkin Medal, the Pearlstein Civil Rights Award from the Anti-Defamation League, the Distinguished Service Award by the National Bar Association, the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Award for Professionalism and Ethics from the American Inns of Court, the Judge Learned Hand Award from the American Jewish Committee and the 2008 Alumnus of the Year Award from the California Alumni Association at the University of California, Berkeley. +Additionally, the Thelton E. Henderson Center for Social Justice at Boalt Hall is named for him. +A documentary on his life, "Soul of Justice" by Abby Ginzberg, was released in late 2005. + += = = Caitlyn Jenner = = = +Caitlyn Jenner (born William Bruce Jenner, October 28, 1949) is an American former track and field athlete, television personality and politician. +After her Olympic career, her professional career changed into being a television celebrity. By 1981, she had starred in several television movies. +Jenner married the socialite Kris Jenner. The couple has two daughters, Kendall and Kylie Jenner. Since 2007, she is best known for the reality television program "Keeping Up with the Kardashians". She is the stepmother of the Kardashian sisters. +In 2015, Jenner came out as transgender. In June 2015, Jenner had completed her transition and changed her name to Caitlyn Jenner. +She was a candidate for Governor of California in the 2021 recall election as a Republican. She received one percent of the votes, and she finished in 13th place. She was later hired by Fox News as an on-air contributor. +Early life. +Jenner is from Mount Kisco, New York. She studied at Newtown High School in Newtown, Connecticut. Jenner got a football scholarship to Graceland College (now Graceland University) in Iowa. A knee injury caused her to stop playing football. She changed to the decathlon. Jenner first decathlon was at the Drake Relays in 1970. She finished in fifth place. +Olympic career. +Jenner placed third in the decathlon at the 1972 U.S. Olympic trials. She finished in tenth place at the 1972 Munich games. Because she did so well in getting to the Olympics, she chose focus her time almost entirely on training. She sold insurance when not training. In the years before professionalism was allowed in athletics, this kind of full-time training was unusual. During that time, she spent eight hours a day at the San Jose City College track. San Jose at the time was a main place for training Olympic athletes. Millard Hampton, Andre Phillips, John Powell, Mac Wilkins, Al Feuerbach and others also trained there. In 1974 and 1976, Jenner was the American champion in the decathlon. +At the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, she won the gold medal in the Decathlon. She set the world record of 8,618 points. Her record was broken by just 4 points by Daley Thompson in 1980. In 1985, the IAAF Decathlon scoring table was changed. Using the new table, Jenner's score was 8634 when comparing her to modern athletes. As of 2011, Jenner is #25 on the world all-time list and #9 on the American all-time list. +Jenner was a national hero due to winning the Olympic decathlon. She won the 1976 James E. Sullivan Award as the top amateur athlete in the United States. Jenner was also the Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year in 1976. She was made a part of the Olympic Hall of Fame in 1986 and the Bay Area Sports Hall of Fame, the Connecticut Sports Hall of Fame in 1994 and the United States National Track and Field Hall of Fame in 1980. +Celebrity. +In the 1970s, Olympic athletes were required to be amateur. They were not allowed to be paid as a sports celebrity. In 1972, three major Olympic sports (basketball, 100 meters and decathlon), were won by Soviet athletes. Winning the decathlon title made Jenner an American hero. After this, Jenner wanted to earn money because of her celebrity. If she did this, she could not take part in the Olympics again. She left her equipment in the stadium. She did not expect to ever use them again. Shortly after the Games, Jenner's picture was used on the front of Wheaties brand breakfast cereal as a "Wheaties champion." Since then, photographs of several hundred athletes have been used on the boxes. Jenner is one of only seven Wheaties "spokesmen." She was asked to go to the White House to meet with President Gerald R. Ford. +On November 22, 1977, Jenner went to San Francisco to testify in court against complaints that General Mills, the makers of Wheaties, had been using false advertising about her eating Wheaties. Jenner said that she liked the cereal and ate it two to three times per week. Two days later the court case was stopped. +In 1977, the Kansas City Kings picked Jenner with the 139th pick of the NBA Draft. Jenner had not played basketball since high school. She did not play for them. +Jenner decided to try for a television career. She had some success. Jenner starred in the television movies ""The Golden Moment: An Olympic Love Story" (1980) and "Grambling's White Tiger"" (1981). In 1981–82, she began acting on the police series "CHiPs". She played the role of Officer Steve McLeish. She was a short time replacement for Erik Estrada. Estrada was in a contract dispute with NBC and MGM at the time. Jenner was in a half-dozen episodes before Estrada returned. +Jenner also appears in the video games "Olympic Decathlon" (1981) and "Bruce Jenner's World Class Decathlon" (1996). +Further TV appearances. +Jenner has appeared as herself on many game shows and reality TV programs. In the early 1990s, she was the host of an infomercial for a stair-climbing exercise machine called the "Stair Climber Plus". +In January 2002, Jenner was in an episode of the American series of "The Weakest Link". In February and March 2003, she was part of the cast of the American series of "I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!". She made a cameo appearance on a season three episode of "The Apprentice" in May 2005. She skated with Tai Babilonia for "Skating with Celebrities" in January–March 2006. Jenner has as also been a guest judge on "Pet Star" on Animal Planet, and appeared on NBC's game show "Identity". She was also on "Celebrity Family Feud" with her family. +"Keeping Up with the Kardashians". +Since 2007, Jenner has been in the E! reality television series "Keeping Up with the Kardashians". She is on the series with her wife Kris Jenner, stepdaughters Kourtney, Kim, Khloé, and stepson Rob Kardashian and daughters Kylie and Kendall Jenner. The Kardashian members of the family are from Kris' marriage to attorney Robert Kardashian. Season two had an average of 1.6 million viewers. +At the start of its fourth season in late 2009, "Keeping Up with the Kardashians" set ratings records. Its second episode had a total of 4.2 million people watch it. +"Kardashians" ended its fifth season on October 24, 2010. It had 4.1 million viewers at that time. This was less than record 4.8 million viewers for its fourth-season finale on February 28, 2010. +Personal life. +Jenner's company, Bruce Jenner Aviation, sells aircraft supplies. +When Jenner was a young child, she learned she had dyslexia. In an episode of the sitcom "Silver Spoons", she told the Stratton family about her condition. This was after she retired from sports, built a successful career as a motivational speaker and television sports commentator. +On February 7, 2015, Jenner was involved in a multiple-vehicle collision on the Pacific Coast Highway in Malibu, California. The accident caused one death, and eight others were injured. Jenner was able to walk away from the accident. +Politically, Jenner is conservative and is a Republican. She is also a Christian. +On September 23, 2013, Jenner said that she underwent surgery of her nose skin because of cancer. +Transgender. +In April 2015, Jenner publicly came out as transgender in a two-hour television interview. She said that she wants to be referred to with male pronouns while transitioning. Jenner will star in an eight-part documentary about her transition. It will be broadcast starting in July 2015. On June 1, 2015, Jenner revealed her new name, Caitlyn, and her use of female pronouns officially. Many news sources have described Jenner as the most famous openly transgender American. +Family. +Jenner has a younger sister named Lisa. Her younger brother, Burt was killed in a car accident shortly after Jenner's success in the Olympics. Jenner's first son is named after her brother. +Jenner's first marriage was to Chrystie Crownover (December 15, 1972 – January 2, 1980). They had two children, Burton William "Burt" Jenner (born September 6, 1978) and daughter Cassandra Lynn "Casey" Jenner (born June 10, 1980). In 2009, Jenner became a grandmother to Francesca, her daughter Casey's first child. +Jenner's second marriage was from 1981–1985 to actress Linda Thompson. Their two sons Brandon Thompson (born June 4, 1981) and Brody (born August 21, 1983) appeared in their own reality show "The Princes of Malibu". Brody was also on the reality show "The Hills". +Jenner's third marriage was to Kris (née Houghton). After dating for five months, they married on April 21, 1991. Kris was previously married to lawyer Robert Kardashian. Jenner has two daughters with Kris, Kendall Nicole (born November 3, 1995) and Kylie Kristen (born August 10, 1997). During Jenner's third marriage, she was the stepfather of Kim, Khloé, Kourtney and Rob Kardashian. +Bruce and Kris Jenner announced their separation in October 2013, though they had actually separated a year earlier. Their divorce was finalized in March 2015. +Politics. +In July 2017, Jenner announced that she was contemplating running in the 2018 race for the US Senate to represent California. She decided not to run in the elction. +In early April 2021, it was reported that Jenner was considering running for Governor of California in the 2021 recall gubernatorial election as a Republican. On April 23, she announced she would run. + += = = Bitchū Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area Okayama Prefecture on the island of Honshū. Along with Bizen and Bingo Provinces, it was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Hōki, Mimasaka, Bizen, and Bingo Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was near Soja. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Bitchū Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Kibitsu jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Bitchū. + += = = Clay Mathematics Institute = = = +The Clay Mathematics Institute (CMI) is a private, non-profit foundation, based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The institute is dedicated to increasing and disseminating mathematical knowledge. It gives out various awards and sponsorships to promising mathematicians. Boston businessman Landon T. Clay and his wife, Lavinia D. Clay started it in 1998. Harvard University mathematician Arthur Jaffe was the first president of CMI. +The institute is best known for its Millennium Prize Problems, a list of the seven most important unsolved mathematical questions. Of these, only the Poincaré conjecture has since been solved. The Clay Institute also does other things, including a postdoctoral program (ten Clay Research Fellows are supported each year) and an annual summer school, the proceedings of which are published jointly with the American Mathematical Society. + += = = Bizen Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Okayama Prefecture on the island of Honshū. Along with Bitchū and Bingo Provinces, it was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Mimasaka, Harima, and Bitchū Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was near Okayama. +History. +In 713 ("Wadō era 6, 3rd month"), the land of Bizen"-no kuni" was separated from Mimasaka Province (���). +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Bizen Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Kitbitsuhiko jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Bizen. + += = = Lauderhill, Florida = = = +Lauderhill is a town in south Florida. It is in Broward County, ten miles from the Atlantic Ocean. +In 2020, 74,482 people lived there. More than 75% of the population is black. Many are Jamaicans and other Caribbean people who immigrated in the last 40 years. About 9% are white, mostly old people retired from New England. + += = = Monica Iozzi = = = +Monica Iozzi de Castro (November 2, 1981 in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil) is a Brazilian actress and reporter. Currently she integrates the TV Show "Custe o Que Custar" of the Rede Bandeirantes. + += = = Socialite = = = +A socialite is a wealthy and famous person who takes part in social activities and spends a large amount of time entertaining and being entertained at upper-class events. +The term includes many people who are "famous because they are famous". These people are not famous because of something they have done. They are famous most often because of which family they are a member of and/or how they are talked about by the media. +In history, many socialites were aristocrats who attended gatherings of other wealthy people. Many of them also had close ties to the British royal family and the House of Lords. Some modern socialites include Paris Hilton and Kim Kardashian. +Social register. +American socialites used to be listed in the Social Register. It was a list of names and addresses of the people who were thought to be more socially acceptable in the socially important families in the 19th century. In 1886, Louis Keller had the idea of combining these lists and selling them. Mr. Keller had great success. By 1918 there were 18 yearly volumes that covered 26 cities. + += = = Magnetic moment = = = +The magnetic moment of a magnet is a quantity that determines the force that the magnet can exert on electric currents and the torque that a magnetic field will exert on it. A loop of electric current, a bar magnet, an electron, a molecule, and a planet all have magnetic moments. +Both the magnetic moment and magnetic field may be considered to be vectors having a magnitude and direction. The direction of the magnetic moment points from the south to north pole of a magnet. The magnetic field produced by a magnet is proportional to its magnetic moment as well. More precisely, the term "magnetic moment" normally refers to a system's magnetic dipole moment, which produces the first term in the multipole expansion of a general magnetic field. The dipole component of an object's magnetic field is symmetric about the direction of its magnetic dipole moment, and decreases as the inverse cube of the distance from the object. +Two definitions of moment. +In text books, two complementary approaches are used to define magnetic moments. In pre-1930's textbooks, they were defined using magnetic poles. Most recent textbooks define it in terms of Ampèrian currents. +Magnetic pole definition. +Physicists represent sources of magnetic moments in materials as poles. The North and South poles are an analogy to the positive and negative charges in electrostatics. Consider a bar magnet which has magnetic poles of equal magnitude but opposite polarity. Each pole is the source of magnetic force which weakens with distance. Since s always come in pairs, their forces partially cancel each other because while one pole pulls, the other repels. This cancellation is greatest when the poles are close to each other i.e. when the bar magnet is short. The magnetic force produced by a bar magnet, at a given point in space, therefore depends on two factors: on both the strength formula_1 of its poles, and on the vector formula_2 separating them. The moment is defined as +It points in the direction from South to North pole. The analogy with electric dipoles should not be taken too far because magnetic dipoles are associated with angular momentum (see Magnetic moment and angular momentum). Nevertheless, magnetic poles are very useful for magnetostatic calculations, particularly in applications to ferromagnets. Practitioners using the magnetic pole approach generally represent the magnetic field by the irrotational field formula_4, in analogy to the electric field formula_5. +Current loop definition. +Suppose a planar closed loop carries an electric current formula_6 and has vector area formula_7 (formula_8, formula_9, and formula_10 coordinates of this vector are the areas of projections of the loop onto the formula_11, formula_12, and formula_13 planes). Its magnetic moment formula_14, vector, is defined as: +By convention, the direction of the vector area is given by the right hand grip rule (curling the fingers of one's right hand in the direction of the current around the loop, when the palm of the hand is "touching" the loop's outer edge, and the straight thumb indicates the direction of the vector area and thus of the magnetic moment). +If the loop is not planar, the moment is given as +In the most general case of an arbitrary current distribution in space, the magnetic moment of such a distribution can be found from the following equation: +where formula_18 is the position vector pointing from the origin to the location of the volume element, and formula_19 is the current density vector at that location. +The above equation can be used for calculating a magnetic moment of any assembly of moving charges, such as a spinning charged solid, by substituting +where formula_21 is the electric charge density at a given point and formula_22 is the instantaneous linear velocity of that point. +For example, the magnetic moment produced by an electric charge moving along a circular path is +where formula_18 is the position of the charge formula_25 relative to the center of the circle and formula_22 is the instantaneous velocity of the charge. +Practitioners using the current loop model generally represent the magnetic field by the solenoidal field formula_27, analogous to the electrostatic field formula_28. +Magnetic moment of a solenoid. +A generalization of the above current loop is a multi-turn coil, or solenoid. Its moment is the vector sum of the moments of individual turns. If the solenoid has formula_29 identical turns (single-layer winding), +Units. +The unit for magnetic moment is not a base unit in the International System of Units (SI) and it can be represented in more than one way. For example, in the current loop definition, the area is measured in square meters and formula_6 is measured in amperes, so the magnetic moment is measured in ampere–square meters (formula_32). In the equation for torque on a moment, the torque is measured in Newton.meters and the magnetic field in tesla, so the moment is measured in N.m per Tesla (formula_33). These two representations are equivalent: +In the CGS system, there are several different sets of electromagnetism units, of which the main ones are ESU, Gaussian, and EMU. Among these, there are two alternative (non-equivalent) units of magnetic dipole moment in CGS: +and (more frequently used) +The ratio of these two non-equivalent CGS units (EMU/ESU) is equal exactly to the speed of light in free space, expressed in cm/s. +All formulas in this article are correct in SI units, but in other unit systems, the formulas may need to be changed. For example, in SI units, a loop of current with current I and area A has magnetic moment I×A (see below), but in Gaussian units the magnetic moment is I×A/c. +For relation between the notions of magnetic moment and magnetization see magnetization. + += = = Bedworth = = = +Bedworth is a small market town in Warwickshire, England. It is northwest of London, east of Birmingham, and north of the county town of Warwick. The town is home to many sights including The Bedworth Water Tower and The Nicholas Chamberlaine Almshouses. It was also known for mining, which is not done anymore. They also are known for the vast amount of Charity Shops which are located in most parts of the town. +The town is pronounced "Beduf" by the people that live there. + += = = Thomas Schaaf = = = +Thomas Schaaf (born 30 April 1961 in Mannheim) is a former German football player. Schaaf was a defender. He is now coach of SV Werder Bremen in the German Bundesliga. +Career. +After the death of his father the Schaaf family went to Bremen. They lived near the Weser Stadion. And so Thomas Schaaf came to SV Werder. He spent all his active and manager time with SV Werder. In 1972 he came to Werder Bremen's youth academy. 1978 he turned professional. Till 1994 he played 281 matches for Werder Bremen. He was with Bremen two times German Champion (1988, 1993) and two times Cup winner (1991, 1994). He also won the UEFA Cup in 1992. As player he played two times for the German U21 national team. +Schaaf began his coaching career during his active career. He was then coach of Werder's youth teams U17 (1987/88) and U19 (1988 - 1995). 1993 till 1995 he was assistance coach in the first team. After four years as coach with the second team he became coach of the first team in 1999. He is still coach. He is the longest serving coach in today's German Bundesliga. As coach of the first team he won the German Bundesliga in 2004 and was three times Cup winner (1999, 2004, 2009). From 2004 his team qualified 5 times for the UEFA Champions League. +Thomas Schaaf is married and has a daughter. He is also engaged in social issues. He is ambassador for the "Zentrum für trauernde Kinder und Jugendliche " (center for mourning children and youths). + += = = Rockefeller family = = = +The Rockefeller family () is the Cleveland family of John D. Rockefeller (1839–1937) and his brother William Rockefeller (1841–1922). They are an American industrial, banking, and political family that originally came from Germany. They made one of the world's largest private fortunes in the oil business during the late 19th and early 20th century. This was mainly through the Standard Oil Company. +The family has a long association with and financial interest in the Chase Manhattan Bank, now JPMorgan Chase. They as one of the most powerful groups inside the United States and are well connected to the banking industry. Their ancestor, Johann Peter Rockefeller, moved to North America in 1723 from what is today Westerwald, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. + += = = Mimasaka Province = = = + or was an old province of Japan in the area of Okayama Prefecture on the island of Honshū. +The province had borders with Bitchū, Bizen, Harima, Hōki, and Inaba Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was Tsuyama. +History. +In 713 ("Wadō 6, 3rd month"), the land of Mimasaka was separated from Bizen Province. +Mimasaka was the home of the samurai Miyamoto Musashi who is known for writing "The Book of Five Rings". +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Mimasaka Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Nakayama jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Mimasaka. + += = = Nagato Province = = = +, often called , was an old province of Japan in the area of Yamaguchi Prefecture on the island of Honshū. +The province had borders with Iwami and Suō Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was Shimonoseki. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Nagato Province were reformed in the 1870s. +The Japanese battleship "Nagato" was named after this province. +Shrines and Temples. +"Sumiyoshi jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Nagato. + += = = Suō Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Yamaguchi Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Aki, Iwami, and Nagato Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was Hōfu. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Suō Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Tamanoya jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Suō. + += = = Alexander Zickler = = = +Alexander "Alex" Zickler (born 28 February 1974 in Bad Salzungen, then German Democratic Republic) is a German football manager and former football player. He played as a striker. During his career he played for FC Bayern Munich. +Career. +He started playing at the age of six with Dynamo Dresden. He played in all youth ranks. His debut in the first team was on 23 October 1992 against 1. FC Nuremberg. In July 1993 Zickler went to FC Bayern Munich where he stayed as a player for 11 seasons. During this time he was often injured. He scored 18 goals as substitute which is record in the German Bundesliga. +In June 2005 he went to FC Red Bull Salzburg together with his team mate Thomas Linke. With Red Bull Salzburg he won three Austrian titles. 2006 he was elected Austrian footballer of the year by the coaches of the Austrian Bundesliga. 2010 he went to LASK Linz. After the end of the 2010/11 season he retired from football. He went back to Red Bull Salzburg where he works as contact partner for fans and partner firms. +Alexander Zickler played 17 times for Germanys U21 national team and scored 7 goals. In 12 matches for the German national football team he scored two goals. + += = = Apollo 5 = = = +Apollo 5 was the first unmanned test flight of the Apollo Lunar Module. The Apollo Lunar Module was the lander part of Apollo spacecraft. The module was launched on January 22, 1968 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. + += = = Hallucigenia = = = +Hallucigenia is an extinct genus of animal found as fossils in the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale formation of British Columbia, Canada. Another species is found in the Lower Cambrian Maotianshan shale of China. +"Hallucigenia" was thought by Stephen Jay Gould to be unrelated to any living species, but most palaeontologists now believe that the species was a velvet worm, a relative of modern arthropods. +Unlike its contemporary "Aysheaia", "Hallucigenia" has very little resemblance to modern Onychophora. The elongated, and clawed legs bear little resemblance to the paired annulated legs of the Onychophora. It is unknown what the spines were made of and how much 'protection' they offered. It is not easy to explain why 30 or more specimens — each thought to have seven pairs of rather long, flexible legs — do not show even one example of paired legs. But at least this reconstruction of the animal can plausibly walk, and the spines serve a reasonable purpose. A picture of this reconstruction as well as a photograph of an actual fossil can be seen on the Geological Survey of Canada's website. + += = = Jōgan = = = + was a after "Ten'an" and before "Gangyō." This period started in April 859 and ended in April 877. During this time, the emperors were and . +Events of the "Jōgan" era. +A collection of laws issued after 811 was published during this era. It was called the "Jōgan kyaku-siki". + += = = Software testing = = = +Software testing takes place during software engineering. It is done before the release to the final audience. +Software testing is meant to see how the software works under different conditions. These conditions might be different depending on what the audience is. Testing is done to understand if it will work correctly, partially fail to work properly, or totally fail to work properly. Each test may be used to see how one, or many, parts of the software work at a point in its development. +Proper performance may be based on specific (written) requirements or standards (which might, for example, be usability). Bad performance, or poor quality, might cause an unhappy audience. This could cause more work needing to be done on the software and higher costs. +A review of the results of tests may show that some parts of the software system may need to be done again, or may work well. Some bad performances or software bugs may need to be fixed. After more work on the software, testing may be done again. +For larger software systems, tracking may take place checking completeness of the set of tests, test results, and how quickly any problems are fixed. All this information can be used for decision making about how ready the software is, and when it could be released to the final audience. +Software testing may be done with separate parts of the software, with a group of these parts, or with the entire software. Software testing may be done by allowing the software to be used by a small number of people who the software is meant for, under controlled settings. It is then tested with a larger group of people under less controlled settings (beta testing). +Some related terms are unit testing, white box testing, black box testing, regression testing, manual testing, automated testing, testing tools, test plan, test case, test data and test coverage. + += = = Ōhō = = = + was a after "Eiryaku" and before "Chōkan." This period started in September 1161 and ended in March 1163. During this time, the emperor was . + += = = Josef Skvorecky = = = +Josef Škvorecký (September 27, 1924 – January 3, 2012) was a Czech writer and publisher based in Canada. He left Czechoslovakia after the Soviet invasion in 1968. Skvorecky helped banned Czech writers have their books printed and then smuggled back in to the country. +He was born at Nachod. During World War II he worked in a factory making Messerschmitt airplanes. After the war he studied philosophy at Charles University in Prague. He worked for a government publisher. His job there was to translate books by authors such as Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, and Raymond Chandler. He began to write his own detective stories based on a character called Lieutenant Boruvka. +His first novel, "The Cowards" (1958), was banned because it did not agree with the government about the communist resistance to the Nazis in the war. The book did not talk about heroism and sacrifice. The characters are interested in girls and jazz. He was about to publish his second novel, "The Tank Battalion" (1968), when the Soviet Union invaded Czechoslovakia in 1968. Skvorecky and his wife left the country and moved to Canada where he had been offered a job at the University of Toronto. With his wife they set up their own publishing company. They reprinted "The Tank Battalion". Copies were sold to Czech people living in exile. Some copies were smuggled back into Czechoslovakia. His publishing company specialized in printing books by banned Czech writers. +He was awarded the Order of the White Lion, by Vaclav Havel in 1990, and in 1992 was appointed to the Order of Canada. + += = = Eiryaku = = = + was a after "Heiji" and before "Ōhō." This period started in January 1160 and ended in September 1161. During this time, the emperor was . + += = = Heiji = = = + was a after "Hōgen" and before "Eiryaku." This period started in April 1159 and ended in January 1160. During this time, the emperor was . +Events of the "Heiji" era. +The "Tale of Heiji" is about this era. The work tells the story of the samurai who were part of the Heiji Rebellion. Along with the "Tale of Hōgen" and the "Tale of Heike", these three war stories tell about the rise and fall of the Minamoto clan and the Taira clan. + += = = Left-wing anarchism = = = +Left-wing anarchism is an extreme kind of left-wing libertarianism. It is a kind of politics that believes capitalism and the government both need to be removed. These anarchists want to end private property because they believe people who own it have unfair power over others. They want a future based on people working to help each other, instead of for money. But they want to make these things happen without using a government. It wants a society where there is no one in charge. Each person does what they need to without others to lead them. Left-wing anarchism often means the same as socialist anarchism and libertarian socialism. Left-wing anarchists have been a part of anti-globalization protests. For example, the protest in 1999 against the World Trade Organization in Seattle. +Other types of anarchism. +Ulrike Heider, a syndicalist, grouped anarchism into left-wing anarchism, right-wing anarchism (anarcho-capitalism), and green anarchism. People who study anarchists, including Bryan Caplan and Murray Bookchin, do not agree with her. They say her research was not good enough. Left-wing anarchism is distinguished from free-market anarchism and right-wing anarchism (such as that of Murray Rothbard). + += = = Cristiano da Silva = = = +Cristiano da Silva (; born 12 January 1987), sometimes known as just Cristiano, is a Brazilian football player for J2 League club, Ventforet Kofu, on loan from V-Varen Nagasaki. +Career. +He started playing football with Adap Galo. His first professional team was Coritiba FC in 2005. After playing for different teams he came to CA Metropolitano. He was then out on loan for Associação Chapecoense und EC Juventude. In 2011 he had a test with Red Bull Salzburg. He statisfied coach Moniz and signed a contract till 2015. + += = = Aggrotech = = = +Aggrotech is a type of electronic dance music. It is a form of electro-industrial music It combines the music with an aggressive style. The German band Funker Vogt is known for this genre of music. + += = = Wiener FC 1898 = = = +Wiener FC 1898 (Vienna Football Club 1898) was one of the first football clubs in Austrias capital Vienna. The club existed from 1897 till 1903. +History. +The club was the football section of the "Deutsch-Österreichischen Turnverein Wien" (German-Austrian gymnastic club). The Turnverein was founded by Jewish members of the "Ersten Wiener Turnverein 1861" (First Vienna gymnastic club). In the 1880s the club allowed only members of German origin to be members. So did other sports clubs. The Jewish members formed the Deutsch-Österreichischen Turnverein. +In 1898 the football section became a club of its own. In the first year they reached the final of the Challenge-Cup, a football competition for clubs from the Austrian- Hungary Empire. They lost 7-0 to Vienna Cricket and Football-Club. In the next editions the club reached the semi finals. In 1900/01 the Österreichischen Fußball-Union organized a league and Wiener FC was put in the 1. Klasse. They played for the Tagblatt-Pokal (Tagblatt-Cup, "Tagblatt" was a newspaper from Vienna) +The reason for quitting the league was that the club suffered often from a lack of players. + += = = Hōgen (era) = = = + was a after "Kyūju" and before "Heiji." This period started in April 1156 and ended in April 1159. The reigning emperors were and . +Events of the "Hōgen" era. +The "Tale of Hōgen" is about this era. The work tells the story of the samurai who were part of the Hōgen Rebellion. Along with the "Tale of Heiji" and the "Tale of Heike", these three war stories tell about the rise and fall of the Minamoto clan and the Taira clan. + += = = Teleology = = = +Teleology is a philosophical idea that things have goals or causes. It is the "view that developments are due to the purpose or design which is served by them". +An example would be Aristotle's view of nature, later adopted by the Catholic Church. The word "teleological" comes from the Ancient Greek "telos", which means "end" or "purpose". A simpler example would be a tool such as the clock, which is designed by people to tell the time. +Whether or not an entity (person or god) is needed to cause teleology to happen is one of the most important questions. All cultures we know of have creation stories in their religions. However, much of science operates on the principle that the natural world is self-organising. This applies particularly to astronomy and biology, which were once explained as the action of a deity, and are now seen as natural and automatically self-organising. Cybernetics is the basic science of self-organising systems. +The general issue of whether the original sense of teleology applies to the natural world is still a matter of controversy between religion and science. + += = = Non sequitur = = = +Non sequitur means "does not follow." It is a type of logical fallacy: a bad argument that makes no sense. +It is defined as a deductive argument that is invalid. The argument could have true premises, but still have a false conclusion. +The term ""non sequitur" usually refers to those types of invalid arguments which are not named formal fallacies (e.g. post hoc ergo propter hoc). In other words, in practice, "non sequitur"" refers to an unnamed formal fallacy. +A non sequitur argument takes something that people accept is true, and says that because this is true, the conclusion is right. The problem is that the conclusion has nothing to do with the premise (original statement that people agree on). +People often have difficulty applying the rules of logic. For example, a person might say this syllogism is valid: +It would only be true if all winged animals were birds (which is not so). + += = = Oracle of Delphi = = = +The Oracle of Delphi was an institution in Ancient Greece, dedicated to the god Apollo. Only one priestess operated at Delphi at any one time, and the name given to her was 'the Pythia'. The woman gave up her own name when she became priestess. +The Temple of Apollo was at Delphi, on the slopes of Mount Parnassus in Greece. According to legend, the god answered questions through the medium of the priestess, who was famous for her ambiguous predictions. Scholars from time to time have suggested that burning Oleander or volcanic gases played their part in her strange utterings. +Croesus of Lydia. +In 560 BC Croesus, King of Lydia in 580 BC, went to the Delphic Oracle and the Oracle at Thebes for advice. He asked if he should make war on the Persians. Both oracles gave the same response, that if Croesus crossed the river (made war on the Persians), "a mighty empire would be destroyed". They also advised him to seek out the most powerful Greek peoples and make alliance with them. +Famous for ambiguity. +An example of her ambiguity is "You will go you will return never in war will you perish". This can be read with a comma either before or after the word "never". Thus it covers both outcomes. + += = = Kyūju = = = + was a after "Ninpei" and before "Hōgen." This period started in October 1151 and ended in April 1154. The reigning emperors were and . + += = = Cuban Revolution = = = +The Cuban Revolution (1953-1959) was an armed revolt in the mid-1950's. It was led by Fidel Castro against the government of Fulgencio Batista. The revolt took place between 1953 and 1959. Batista was finally removed from office on January 1, 1959. He was replaced by a revolutionary government led by Castro. This government changed to communism, d became the Communist Party of Cuba in October 1965. +The revolt began with the assault on the Moncada Barracks on July 26, 1953. It ended on December 31st, 1958, when Batista was forced to leave the country and Santa Clara and Santiago de Cuba were taken by rebels. Che Guevara and Fidel Castro, Raúl Castro and Huber Matos led the rebels. Guevara led the group at Santa Clara. Raúl Castro and Matos led the rebels at Santiago de Cuba. Castro used guerilla warfare methods. +The United States of America tried to sabotage the new government (Led by Fidel Castro) Cuba. The U.S tried to send them and more soldiers to the Bay of Pigs to try and create a surprise attack. Somehow, Fidel Castro got wind of their attack and sent his army to the bay to fight. The U.S force was outnumbered, and faced defeat. Many soldiers were captured and killed in public. + += = = George Stephanopoulos = = = +George Robert Stephanopoulos (; born February 10, 1961) is an American television journalist and a former political advisor. +Stephanopoulos is the chief political correspondent for the news division at ABC-TV– and a co-anchor of ABC-TVs morning news program, "Good Morning America" ("GMA"). He returned as host of ABC-TV's "This Week" in January 2012, a Sunday morning news program produced by ABC-TV's news division. He is the main replacement anchor for ABC-TV's newscast program, "World News with Diane Sawyer". +In recent years, he has co-hosted ABC Newss special live coverage of political events with Charles Gibson and Diane Sawyer. He and has often been on "GMA" and "World News". He launched "George's Bottom Line", an ABCNews.com blog. +Before he started working for ABC News, he was a senior political adviser to the 1992 U.S. presidential campaign of Bill Clinton. He later became the White House Communications Director for two years. He was replaced by David Gergen. This change came after the Republican party getting control of the U.S. House and Senate in the mid-term elections of 1994. +In April 2020, Stephanopoulos was diagnosed with COVID-19. + += = = Platt (surname) = = = +Platt is a surname, and may refer to: + += = = Scared Shrekless = = = +Scared Shrekless is a television Halloween special. It was first shown on the American television network NBC on Thursday, October 28, 2010. The special is once again based on the characters from the "Shrek" franchise. While some of the actors reprised their roles, others don't return (such as Patrick Stewart, who is the new voice of Donkey). +Synopsis. +It is Halloween night, and Shrek's family is celebrating by scaring trick-or-treaters. Inside their house, Donkey, Pinocchio, The Three Little Pigs, Wolf and Gingy fail to scare the ogres, and Shrek claims that nothing can scare an ogre because ogres are "the kings of Halloween". To prove him wrong, Donkey proposes a challenge to see who can tell the scariest story, but Shrek amps it up by choosing to hold their contest in Lord Farquaad's abandoned castle, Duloc. Gingy starts first with a story about his girlfriend dumping him and asking the muffin man for a new girlfriend, made with loads of sugar, thus giving her the name Sugar as revealed in the credits. Gingy becomes happy with her but ends up becoming freaked out of all her love for him. After running away and pushing her in a big container of batter, he finally becomes free of her and decides to go home, but the batter that Sugar was dropped in ended up creating thousands of zombie-like versions of herself, surrounding Gingy and eating him. The Three Little Pigs get scared and run away with Wolf who claims they are his ride. Shrek comments on the falsehood of Gingy's "true" story, saying that he cannot be here if he was eaten, and he runs off as well. +Next, Donkey and Puss tell a story about them taking shelter from a thunderstorm at Boot's Motel. It starts off well but they end up fighting over whose story is better and generally making each other look bad. Donkey gets Pinocchio to spray Puss with water, making him run away. At last, Shrek tells the final story about him as a baby-sitter trying to sort out a crazed, seemingly possessed, Pinocchio, but after continuously getting beaten up by the living puppet, Shrek tries to catch him but Pincocchio jumps out of the window. After landing on the streets, a talking cricket pops out of Pinocchio's head, claiming to be his conscience and the voice in his head making him go crazy, only to be squashed under Pinocchio's foot. +Pinocchio denies that the story is true, but when Shrek shows him a Real Cricket, he screams and runs out. Now alone, Donkey and Shrek hear the wind moving about, and a walking suit of armour calling Donkey's name. Scared out of his wits, the Donkey admits defeat and runs away. Fiona reveals it was her and the babies who planned the ghost act and then they, along with Shrek, celebrate by egging the seven dwarves. +Home media. +"Scared Shrekless" got its DVD release on September 13, 2011 and a double DVD release on September 27, 2011, along with "". + += = = Norbit = = = +Norbit is a 2007 movie directed by Brian Robbins, and starring Eddie Murphy. It was released on February 9, 2007 and was a box-office success and was acclaimed from audience, although it received poor reviews from film critics. +Plot. +Norbit Albert Rice (Eddie Murphy) and Kate Thomas (Thandie Newton) are best friends at the Golden Wonton Orphanage and Chinese restaurant run by Mr. Wong (Murphy), until Kate is adopted and they are separated. While being bullied by twins at a playground one day, Norbit is saved by Rasputia Latimore (Murphy), an overweight tough girl who, in return for scaring him to be her boyfriend, protects him from other bullies and frightens the other children into playing with him. When they reach adulthood, Rasputia becomes an overbearing, moody, vindictive woman. +Eventually, the two marry due to pressure from Rasputia and her three coarse, thuggish older brothers and henchmen Big Black Jack (Terry Crews), Blue (Lester "Rasta" Speight), and Earl (Clifton Powell) who the whole town (except Mr. Wong) live in fear of and also make Norbit their bookkeeper at their building company. The town's fear of the Latimore brothers comes from their fear of Rasputia. During their marriage, Rasputia bullies, tyrannises, and insults Norbit to keep him to herself until she eventually resents him and has an affair with her dance instructor Buster (Marlon Wayans). Norbit calls her out on this and she becomes angered and chases him throughout the neighborhood. He escapes her and throws away his wedding ring due to her deception. +During a puppet show at the orphanage, Norbit vents out his anger at Rasputia's cheating when he unexpectedly sees Kate for the first time in years. Stunned by her return, he falls in love with her again when she reveals that she is buying the Golden Wonton; the following Tuesday, while out to lunch with Kate, he is dejected to find out she has become engaged to a man named Deion (Cuba Gooding, Jr.). +With help from his ex-pimp friends Pope Sweet Jesus (Eddie Griffin) and Lord Have Mercy (Katt Williams), Norbit eventually manages to go on a date with Kate without Rasputia's knowledge. Deion is revealed to be a gold digger and a crooked businessman, who is helping the Latimore brothers in their plans to convert the orphanage into a strip club called Nipplopolis and they dupe Norbit into getting Kate to sign the papers which will renew the liquor licence and put it in their name. When Norbit meets Kate that evening, it leads to him help her reciting her wedding vows, and the two kiss, leading Kate to reconsider her wedding. When Norbit returns home, he learns that Rasputia witnessed the whole thing and she threatens to kill Kate if Norbit ever sees her again. +The next morning, Norbit is locked in the basement by Rasputia, who is the mastermind of the orphanage plot and had her brothers carry it out. When Kate confronts Norbit about the deal, he reluctantly insults her to stop Rasputia following through with her threat of violence. Rasputia then adds that ever since Kate came back to town, Norbit has played her, making her run away in sadness while Rasputia laughs and mocks her. Norbit decides to leave town for good, but not before tries in vain to warn Kate about Deion. +After that, Norbit is caught by Rasputia and her brothers (who were alerted by Rasputia) and they reveal their plans for the orphanage before imprisoning him in the basement again. Blue is chosen by Rasputia to stay and keep watch due to being the smartest of the brothers, but Norbit escapes and races to the church by bicycle. Although the Latimores try to stop him, Norbit arrives at the church and tells Kate about Deion's gold-digging, but his proof of Deion's divorce settlements were destroyed after he fell into a pond. However, Deion's ex-wives arrive with their children by him, each with conflicting tales about him as arranged by Norbit to help him find more proof of Deion's wrongdoings. +Deion runs away with his ex-wives in pursuit, effectively ending his marriage to Kate. Furious, Rasputia and her brothers try to kill Norbit for ruining their plans, but the townspeople unite and protect him. In a blind fury, Rasputia fights her way through the crowd armed with a spade. She orders her brothers to get out of the way as she tries to kill Norbit, but is harpooned in the backside by Mr. Wong. She and her brothers are chased out of town, and Kate reconciles with Norbit, and the two share a kiss. Norbit then ends his marriage to Rasputia, on the grounds of her affair with Buster, her attempted murder of him, and her plan to take over the orphanage. +Norbit and Kate buy the orphanage and marry under the same tree where they played in childhood. Meanwhile, Rasputia and her brothers flee to Mexico where they open their strip bar El Nipplopolis, where Big Black Jack becomes their bartender and Rasputia becomes their most lucrative stripper. + += = = Ciara Bravo = = = +Ciara Quinn Bravo (born March 18, 1997 in Alexandria, Kentucky) is an American actress, singer, and voice actress. She is best known for her role in "Big Time Rush" as Katie Knight. Bravo is also known for voicing Giselita in "Open Season 3" and Peaches in "". + += = = Boog and Elliot's Midnight Bun Run = = = +Boog and Elliot's Midnight Bun Run is a 2006 American computer-animated short movie from Sony Pictures Animation. The movie is a spin-off of the movie "Open Season" and stars Boog and Elliot, the main characters of the "Open Season" franchise. +Plot. +One summer night, Bob and Bobbie (Georgia Engel) leave the trailer to go skinny-dipping, leaving Mr. Weenie (Cody Cameron) to guard the cinnamon buns they left on the counter. Boog (Martin Lawrence) and Elliot (Ashton Kutcher) sneak into the camp and discover there's buns in trailer. Unfortunately, Weenie is guarding the door. +To avoid the waking Weenie, Boog and Elliot climb onto the roof and Boog ties Elliot to the end of a rope and lowers him through the open skylight. Unfortunately, Elliot is distracted by the buns and salivates, waking Mr. Weenie, who bites his backside, accidentally pulling Boog into the trailer. Bob and Bobbie is hear noises from outside and think that Weenie is being nightmarely attacked. Bobbie puts on a towel to go investigate. Shocked by what she sees, she accidentally drops her towel, revealing her bare tattooed buttocks (as well as everything else her breasts, abdomen, and crotch, which are off-screen) to the passing police car, whose driver pulls over, startled away by the screaming and naked woman. Elliot runs out of the window looking for a place to hide, leaving Boog incriminatingly holding Weenie by the tail when the police officer, Gordy (Gordon Tootoosis), breaks into the RV camper. Then Mr. Weenie laughs to Boog, "You are so busted?!" and Boog responds, "Tell me about it?.." +Release. +Home media. +"Boog and Elliot's Midnight Bun Run" was exclusively released on December 15, 2006, as a special feature on the "Open Season" DVD and Blu-ray. +The DVD copy of the short film was released on May 9, 2007 in China and the DVD copy of the short film was released on March 18, 2008 in Japan. The DVD copy of the short film was debuted on TV in Sweden on December 27, 2009. + += = = Karley Scott Collins = = = +Karley Scott Collins (born December 14, 1999) is an American actress and voice artist. She is the voice of Gisela in the "Open Season" franchise. + += = = Robert M. Berdahl = = = +Robert Max Berdahl (born March 15, 1937) is an American historian, author and the interim President of the University of Oregon (OU). He was chancellor of the University of California, Berkeley from 1997 to 2004. He was president of the Association of American Universities (AAU) from May 2006 to June 2011. In addition to his duties as interim President, he serves on the Board of Directors of Lam Research Corporation. +Biography. +Berdahl was born in Sioux Falls, South Dakota in 1937. He received his B.A. degree from Augustana College (South Dakota). Berdahl got an M.A. degree from the University of Illinois. He earned a Ph.D. in history from the University of Minnesota in 1965. +Berdahl taught history at OU from 1967 to 1986. During that time he was dean of the College of Arts and Sciences from 1981 to 1986 while Paul Olum was OU president. Olum also was forced to retire in a fight over resources for the university. Berdahl then was vice chancellor for academic affairs at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for seven years. He then was president of the University of Texas for four years. +On December 9, 2011, Berdahl announced that he had been asked by the Oregon State Board of Higher Education to serve as the interim president of the University of Oregon. On November 28, 2011, the board gave Richard W. Lariviere 30 days to leave his office. Berdahl had written an editorial supporting Lariviere. Berdahl took office on December 29, 2011 and will serve until fall 2012 when his successor is named. + += = = Richard W. Lariviere = = = +Richard W. Lariviere was President of the University of Oregon (OU) from 2009 to 2011. He is a Life Member of the Council on Foreign Relations. +He became president of OU in 2009. Lariviere's contract was not renewed in 2011 amid a racketeering scandal in the OU Dean of Students office. +Lariviere has stated that he will remain at OU as a tenured faculty member. +Biography. +Lariviere was Visiting Lecturer in the South Asia Regional Studies Department of the University of Pennsylvania from 1978-79. He was a Visiting Professor at the University of Iowa from 1980-1982. Lariviere was dean of the College of Liberal Arts at the University of Texas at Austin from 1999 to 2006. He was executive vice chancellor and provost at the University of Kansas from 2006 to 2009. +As OU president, Lariviere answered to a number of different groups. He ran into two problems: OU salaries and OU governance. Before Lariviere arrived at OU, salaries were frozen for several years. OU could not compete with other colleges. In February 2011, Oregon Governor John Kitzhaber asked all the public universities in Oregon to limit payroll increases to six percent. But Lariviere found OU money that did not come from Oregon to give bigger pay increases to faculty and staff. This caused the unions to demand a pay increase from OU for their members. +All seven public colleges in Oregon are run by a single Oregon state board of higher education. Lariviere agreed to work with other public colleges to seek more independence in a plan that resulted in Senate Bill 242. Governor Kitzhaber signed that law on July 20, 2011 to give public college more control over how they spend money. At the same time, OU developed a separate legislative proposal (the "New Partnership") to start a separate 15-person board of trustees for OU and a $800 million state bond issue to match private donations to a new OU endowment fund. The governor and state board asked Lariviere to delay pushing for the OU legislation while Senate Bill 242 went through the legislature first. Because Lariviere and OU seemed to be working separately from the Governor and state board, the board voted to fire him on November 28, 2011. He was given 30 days to leave his office. The board hired Robert M. Berdahl as interim president. + += = = Oxford Movement = = = +The Oxford Movement was a religious movement within the Church of England, based at the University of Oxford, which began in 1833. Members of this movement were known as 'Tractarians' (from "Tracts for the Times", a collection of books, pamphlets and essays that described their beliefs). Opponents of the movement called them Newmanites (before 1845) and Puseyites (from 1845), after John Henry Newman and Edward Bouverie Pusey, two leading Tractarians. The members of the movement tried to bring back Catholic doctrine and forms of service into the Church of England. The Oxford Movement wanted to make services more like a Catholic Mass. They also believed the Anglican church was an 'apostolic' church, connected directly to the Church of Saint Peter and the other Apostles. John Keble was another leader of the movement. +After publishing ninety Tracts, Newman decided, in Tract 90, that the Branch Theory (that the Anglican, Eastern Orthodox and Roman Churches were all part of the one Church) was not enough, and he converted to Catholicism, and later became a Cardinal. Enemies of the Movement thought this proved that they were trying to reunify with Rome. Others followed Newman to Rome (Henry Edward Manning, another important Tractarian, converted in 1851) while others, such as Pusey and John Keble, remained in the Anglican Church to continue the work of reforming it. +Today, it is represented in the 'Anglo-Catholic' or High Church (more Catholic, as opposed to Low Church, more Protestant) part of the Anglican Church, the smaller, conservative part. Recently, with the Anglican Church debating if female clergymen should be allowed, some Anglo-Catholics, such as Bishop Burnham, Bishop Newton and sixty priests left the Church and converted to Rome in protest, as they do not believe female bishops or female priests should be allowed. + += = = Ninpei = = = +, also romanized as Nimpyō, was a after "Kyūan" and before "Kyūju." This period started in January 1151 and ended in October 1154. During this time, the emperor was . + += = = Graphics Interchange Format = = = +Graphics Interchange Format (often shortened to GIF) is a file format for images. +It is a raster graphics format; that is the image has a fixed size. CompuServe developed and introduced the format in 1987. Today, it is widely used on the World Wide Web.The format supports up to 8 bits per pixel, or 256 colors. It also supports animations. Each frame of an animation can have its own set of 256 colors. GIF is not used to show photographs very much, because having only 256 colors is limiting for such a task. +To reduce their size, images are compressed using Lempel–Ziv–Welch compression. Lempel-Ziv-Welch, or LZW, is a lossless compression. No information is lost when compressing or uncompressing. There were some problems with the patent of the LZW compression. That patent was not held by CompuServe, but by Unisys. These issues led to the development of another format, called PNG. This is no longer a problem, because the patents have expired. +A GIF may often represent a small clip of a favorite scene from a show or video. +Pronunciation of GIF. +The creators of the format pronounced the word as "jif" with a soft "G" /dʒɪf/ as in "gin". says that the intended pronunciation deliberately echoes the American peanut butter brand Jif, and CompuServe employees would often say "Choosy developers choose GIF", spoofing this brand's television commercials. +The disagreement over the pronunciation led to heated Internet debate. On the occasion of receiving a lifetime achievement award at the 2013 Webby Award ceremony, Wilhite rejected the hard-"G" pronunciation, and his speech led to 17,000 posts on Twitter and 50 news articles. + += = = Kyūan = = = +, also romanized as Kyū-an, was a after "Ten'yō" and before "Ninpei." This period spanned the years from July 1145 through January 1151. The reigning emperor was . + += = = Tabuaeran = = = +Tabuaeran is one of the Line Islands of the central Pacific Ocean. It is an atoll. Tabueran is part of Kiribati. The highest point on the island is about 3 m (10 ft) above high tide. +Tabuaeran is the name in Gilbertese language. The island is also called Fanning Island or Fanning Atoll in English. + += = = Augustana University = = = +Augustana University is a private liberal arts college in South Dakota. It is affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. The school is in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States. The 100-acre (40 ha) campus makes the school the largest private university in South Dakota. Some people call the college “Augie.” +It was first called "The Lutheran Normal School". It was started for the purpose of educating teachers. In 1918, the college got its current name after joining with Augustana College in Canton. This happened because synod officials worried about having enough money to run two institutions so close together. The schools were only 20 miles (32 km) apart. The college claims its founding as 1860, the same as its sister-school (which shares the same name) in Rock Island, Illinois. Augustana gets its name from the "Confessio Augustana", the Latin name for the Augsburg Confession of 1530. +Augustana regularly gets high rankings among other Midwestern schools. Publications such as "The Princeton Review" named Augustana a "Best Midwestern College" and "U.S. News & World Report" listed Augustana as a "Best Buy" in 2009. "U.S. News & World Report" has listed the school a top tier baccalaureate college in the Midwest for 13 years in a row, with Augustana placing third as of 2009. It got this ranking again in 2010. + += = = Chiodos = = = +Chiodos (pronounced ) is an American post hardcore band. They formed in Davison, Michigan in 2001. The band was first known as "The Chiodos Bros." This was a tribute to the filmmakers Stephen, Charles, and Edward Chiodo. Chiodos released their first full-length album on July 26, 2005. It was titled "All's Well That Ends Well". Their second album was titled "Bone Palace Ballet". +It was released in North America on September 4, 2007. Later on, Warner Bros. Records released "Bone Palace Ballet" in the United Kingdom on January 26, 2009. It debuted at number 5 on the "Billboard" 200. +It also reached number 1 on the Independent Albums chart. In 2010, they released their third studio titled "Illuminaudio". This is the first album without lead vocalist Craig Owens. Chiodos has not said why they let Owens leave the band. On February 2, 2010, Chiodos announced Brandon Bolmer from Yesterday's Rising would be their new lead vocalist. Illuminaudio has received very positive reviews. It reached #37 on the Billboard 200 and #5 on Top Alternative Albums. + += = = Davison, Michigan = = = +Davison is a city in Genesee County in the U.S. state of Michigan and a suburb of Flint. The population was 5,143 at the 2020 census. Davison is located within Davison Township. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , which is all land. Davison was first settled in 1842 by Eleazer Thurston. Davison was named after Judge Norman Davison, who founded a nearby town formerly known as Davisonville, now known as Atlas. + += = = The Chiodo Brothers = = = +The Chiodo Brothers (Stephen, Charles & Edward Chiodo, all born in Bronx, New York) are a group of sibling special effects artists. They are best known for their movie "Killer Klowns from Outer Space" and for making puppets and effects for movies such as "Critters", "Ernest Scared Stupid", and "". They made the detailed dioramas seen in the 2010 movie "Dinner for Schmucks". The post-hardcore band Chiodos (originally called The Chiodos Bros) is named after them as a tribute. +Their studio has also made several clay animation segments on "The Simpsons" + += = = The Saturdays = = = +The Saturdays are a five person Anglo-Irish girl group. They were formed in 2007 in London. They released their first single, "If This Is Love" in 2008. The group consists of Una Healy, Mollie King, Frankie Sandford, Vanessa White and Rochelle Humes. They have sold over four million singles in the UK and Ireland. + += = = Viber = = = +Viber is an application for iOS, Windows Phone and Android OS. It lets users make free phone calls and send free text messages to anyone who has the application installed. Viber works on both 3G and Wi-Fi networks. A version for BlackBerry devices is in the works, according to Viber. +As of March 2017, this application is said to have 800 million registered users worldwide. In 2017, the app introduced a new feature "secret chats" wherein, the users are given an option to start conversations that self-destruct after a certain time limit. + += = = Computer museum = = = +A computer museum is a museum for the study of historic computer hardware and software. The International Council of Museums defines a "museum" as a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development, open to the public, which acquires, conserves, researches, communicates, and exhibits the tangible and intangible heritage of humanity and its environment, for the purposes of education, study, and enjoyment". +Some computer museums are a part of larger institutions. For example, the Science Museum in London and the Deutsches Museum in Munich. Others, such as the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, California, the MuseumsForum in Paderborn, and The National Museum of Computing at Bletchley Park, deal only with computing. Some deal mainly in the early history of computing. Others focus in the era that started with the first personal computers such as the Apple I, Altair 8800, Apple IIs, older Apple Macintoshes, Commodore Internationals, Amigas, IBM PCs and more rare computers such as the Osborne 1. Some deal more on research and conservation. Some museums are for computer education and entertainment. There are also private collections. +The term 'museum' has grown in common usage to include online collections, in much the same way other activities have made the change ('Online shopping', 'Online Gallery' etc.). Online Museums range in type and quality from those that collate and preserve material to those that simply show photographs of hardware from other sources. They are different from traditional museums mainly in that the exhibits can not be touched or interacted with in the traditional sense. + += = = Portfolio management = = = +Portfolio management refers to earning money by putting assets into different types of investments. The idea of portfolio management comes from the portfolio theory. This theory says that a person can reduce the risk of investment by having a diversified portfolio that has different types of securities of which some of them may cause a great return on the investment. + += = = Keio = = = +Keio may refer to: + += = = Koan = = = +Kōan is a story, dialog, question, or statement in the context of Zen Buddhism. +Kōan may mean: + += = = Code Geass = = = +Code Geass: Lelouch of the Rebellion (�ー���� �����ー��, Kōdo Giasu: Hangyaku no Rurūshu?), often called simply Code Geass, is a 2006 Japanese animeseries. It was created by Sunrise. The series was directed by Gorō Taniguchi and written by Ichirō Ōkouchi. The character designs were made by manga artist group Clamp. The series was broadcast from October 5, 2006 until July 28, 2007. +Plot. +The main character, Lelouch vi Britannia, used to be a prince of the Holy Empire of Britannia. He is a genius strategist. He meets a female named CC (referred to as C2). She gives him the power of "geass", which works differently for each person. His power is to force a person to do whatever he tells them to do. The power only works once per person and he must look them in the eyes for it to work. He wants to destroy Britannia. His only childhood friend, Suzaku Kururugi, is the main person stopping him from doing this because he thinks that Britannia can be changed from the inside. Lelouch and Suzaku are at Japan. Britannia conquered Japan after Lelouch was disowned for disrespecting his father, the king. Britannia stripped Japan of its prestige and renamed it Area 11. Lelouch's goal is to destroy Britannia. Suzaku does not agree with how Lelouch plans to do this. Suzaku joins the Britannian army to change the country from the inside. They fight each other—Lelouch's brains versus Suzaku's fighting talent. +Main Characters. +Lelouch Lamperouge. +His real name is Lelouch vi Britannia. He is the eleventh prince of the empire of Britannia. His mother, Marianne vi Britannia was murdered when he was child. Then his younger sister Nunnally became blind and could not walk by herself. She needed a wheelchair. Therefore, he hated Britannia and decided to create the kind world where Nunnally can live safely. He obtained Geass from C.C. and leaded a group of terrorists he united as the Black Knights with his well-known identity as Zero towards his revenge against Britannia and to create a better world for Nunnally. He latter wields the Knightmare Gawain with C.C. and Shinkirō in R2. +Suzaku Kururugi. +He is the son of the former Japanese prime minister and friend of Lelouch in childhood before he joined the Britannian military hoping to change Britannia from the inside. He wields the Knightmare Lancelot. +C.C.. +She gives Lelouch the power of Geass. She is immortal because she bears the code. +Kallen Stadtfeld. +She is half Japanese and half Britannian. She is the pilot of the Knightmare Guren Mk-II. She is an important member of the Black Knights. +Media. +Anime. +"Code Geass" premiered on the Mainichi Broadcasting System (MBS) television station at 25:25 on October 5, 2006. Its satellite television premiere across Japan on Animax was on November 7, 2006. Its sequel, "Code Geass: Lelouch of the Rebellion R2" was first announced on the March 2007. "Code Geass: Lelouch of the Rebellion R2" premiered on all Japan News Network (JNN) member stations on April 6, 2008. +Another OVA anime titled was made known through the anime's official website. Takahiro Kimura did the character designs of the series. Makoto Baba was assigned as the director of the OVA. In the story, Lelouch makes the ultimate use of his Geass for his little sister Nunnally. The Blu-ray was released by Bandai Visual on July 27, 2012 with English subtitles. +A 3-part theatrical movie remake of the first 2 seasons of the anime was released with the first movie released on October 21, 2017. The second movie titled was released on February 10, 2018. The third compilation movie, titled was released on May 26, 2018. +"Code Geass: Lelouch of the Re;surrection" was announced on November 27, 2016. It will be released in Japan in February 9, 2019. Funimation announced that they licensed the movie for its North American release in 2019. +Other websites. +Official "Code Geass" website + += = = Yun Seon-do = = = +Yun Seon-do (; June 22, 1587 June 11, 1671) was a Korean politician, philosopher, and poet during the Joseon Dynasty. He was also called Gosan (��, ��), Haeong (��, ��), or Yaki (��, ��). + += = = Kōan = = = +The kōan (; ) are groupings of related questions and answers which are a paradox. The "kōan" may be a story which cannot be understood or explained easily. +The "kōan" can be a special kind of metaphor with a hidden meaning, such as "the sound of one hand clapping". +History. +"Kōans" originate in the sayings and events in the lives of wise men and legendary figures. +A "kōan" can refer to a story selected from Buddhist historical records and sutras. +The "kōan" is a fundamental part of the history and practice of Zen Buddhism. + += = = Facepalm = = = +A facepalm (sometimes also face-palm or face palm) is when someone places their hand flat across their face or puts their face into their hand or hands. This gesture is found in many cultures. It can be done as a display of frustration, embarrassment, shock, or surprise. + += = = Cinematic Sunrise = = = +Cinematic Sunrise was an American rock band signed to Equal Vision Records. The members of the band were Craig Owens (vocals), Bradley Bell (piano), Bryan Beeler (guitar), Marcus VanKirk (bass), Nick Martin (guitar), and Dave Shapiro (drums). Their only released work, "A Coloring Storybook and Long Playing Record" included a coloring book and four colored pencils with the purchase of the EP. "Basically, the whole idea - everything about Cinematic Sunrise - is just happy and fun. And there's nothing more fun than coloring," explains vocalist Craig Owens about the decision to include the coloring book with the EP. +History. +Owens and Bell were both in Chiodos at the time Cinematic Sunrise formed. The group differs majorly from Chiodos's post-hardcore sound, as Cinematic Sunrise plays more of pop rock and pop punk. The group's debut EP, titled "A Coloring Storybook and Long Playing Record", was released on May 13, 2008. Beeler recorded, and produced the EP. The EP barely reached the Billboard charts, at #196. The EP also hit #8 on the Top Heatseekers chart. It also got to #26 on the Top Independent Albums chart. The EP was re-released in late October 2008, with two new songs. This was because they ran out of the original copies, selling past 10,000 copies. +A Coloring Storybook and Long Playing Record. +"A Coloring Storybook and Long-Playing Record" is the first and only EP by the band Cinematic Sunrise, who is a side project of Chiodos' Bradley Bell and Craig Owens. The pair's pop rock project is all about having a good time and making music that is and fun to play. The record was first released with four color pencils. These would be used in a book that includes drawings of animals with pictures of the band members hidden somewhere in the coloring page. Craig Owens said in an interview that he wanted crayons, not colored pencils. He was supposedly not happy with Equal Vision's mistake. +On October 14, 2008, Equal Vision Records re-released "A Coloring Storybook and Long-Playing Record". The re-release includes two bonus tracks. They were titled "If Lilly Isn't Back by Sunset" and "Crossing Our Fingers for Summer". +Track listing. +Source: Amazon + += = = Ten'yō = = = + was a after "Kōji" and before "Kyūan." This period started in February 1144 and ended in July 1145. During this time, the emperor was . + += = = Adaptive unconscious = = = +The adaptive unconscious is a set of unconscious mental processes influencing judgment and decision making. It is different from conscious processing: it is faster, effortless, more focused on the present, but less flexible. It can be described as a quick sizing up of the world which interprets information and decides how to act very quickly and outside the conscious view. +In some theories of the mind, the unconscious is limited to "low-level" activity, such as carrying out goals which have been decided consciously. In contrast, the adaptive unconscious is thought to be involved in "high-level" cognition such as goal-setting as well. +The term 'adaptive unconscious' suggests it has survival value and hence is an adaptation which was strongly selected in the past. Indeed, for much of vertebrate evolution, all mental activity was unconscious. No-one supposes that fish have consciousness. Thus our consciousness is added to an already-existing set of mechanisms which operate but whose operation is normally not felt by us.p23 +Implicit learning. +Implicit (or 'tacit') learning is when a person learns without knowing it happens. +An important point made by Reber is that "implicit learning is a fundamental 'root' process, one that lies at the very heart of the adaptive behavioral repertoire of every complex organism". What that means is that implicit learning is very much more ancient than the conscious type of learning that we, as humans, normally notice. +This is an expanding field of research. +The classic examples are the acquisition of language and the process of socialization. Children learn to speak their native language and become socialized to their society without being conscious of the principles which guide their behaviour. +There has been much debate on the bare existence of implicit learning because of the fact that knowledge gained is not verbalizable. Little research has been conducted on the requirements for the process of implicit learning to take place. +Evidence 1: case studies. +The evidence for there being such a thing as the adaptive unconscious is a series of case studies which are hard to explain any other way. +The Kouros fraud. +After many scientific tests were done on an early Greek statue, the Getty Museum was about to buy it. However, a small group of experts looked at it and said immediately "It's a fake". Eventually, it was found to be a fake. The question was, how could anyone beat the battery of scientific tests just by looking at it? The sceptics were asked how they did it. One said "It doesn't look old, as if it had been centuries under the ground. Another said "Its fingernails don't look right". Apparently they had all seen something which triggered a doubt. Psychologists thought this might be an ancient mental mechanism which has survival value. +The fireman's 'ESP'. +A firefighter in Cleveland answered a routine call with his men. It was in a kitchen in the back of a one-story house. The firefighters broke down the door, laid down their hose, and began dousing the fire with water. This had little effect. As the fire lieutenant recalls, he suddenly thought to himself, "There's something wrong here", and he immediately ordered his men out. Moments after they fled, the floor they had been standing on collapsed. The fire had been in the basement, not the kitchen as it appeared. When asked how he knew to get out, the fireman thought it was ESP. What is interesting is that the fireman could not immediately explain how he knew to get out. From the 'locked door' in our brains, the fireman just 'blinked' and made the right decision. In fact, had he thought consciously about the situation, he would probably have lost his life and the lives of his men.p125 +Exceptional intuition. +In a similar way, there are people who can repeatedly do something which seems amazing. It really is possible to spot who is lying, for instance, and it is a skill which can be trained and improved. It is possible to predict which couple will divorce and which will not. The time taken for each decision is short, and (to an observer) the amount of information available to the person making the decision seems very little. +Analysis paralysis. +'Thin slice' decisions based on limited information are one end of a scale. At the other end is the confusion caused by too much unorganised information: 'analysis paralysis'. There are many examples of the latter state being bad for decision taking. +Evidence 2: experiments. +A number of experiments have been done which strongly support the idea of an adaptive unconscious. The basic idea is to bias the unconscious, and see if it affects behaviour. +Scrambled sentences. +Subjects sort out four-word sentences from sets of five word. They concentrate on getting the sentences right. Unknown to them the unused word gives their minds a subtle bias. From one set, with extra words Florida, old, lonely, forgetful, wrinkle (and some neutral words) the experimental group "walked more slowly away from the experimental room".p54 The priming words had biased them to "think elderly". The idea is that of John Bargh. +Priming affects test results. +Priming significantly affects test results. A group being tested about the Trivial Pursuit game were split in two. One group was first asked to think about what it would mean to be a professor. They got 55.6% of the questions right. The other half were first asked to sit and think about soccer hooligans. They scored 42.6%. Other tests indicated that the two groups had similar mental ability. The difference between the results is highly significant.p57 +Another test was even more startling. Black college students were given 20 questions from the Graduate Record Examination, a standard test used for entry to graduate schools in the U.S.A. Students were given a pretest questionnaire. One group were asked to identify their race; the other was not. The first group scores were "half" that of the second group. The experimenters later asked whether the question about their race affected them. They all said 'no' and added something like "You know, I just don't think I'm smart enough to be here".p59 Of course, this is of the greatest significance socially. Notice that, once again, the individuals did not notice consciously what had happened unconsciously. +What the ventromedial does. +The ventromedial area of the cerebral cortex is a small bit at front behind the nose. Neurologist Antonio Damasio studied patients who had damage to this area of the brain. +People with damage to this area are still rational and as intelligent as before. But they lack judgement, and find it very difficult to make decisions. In fast-moving situations, the ability to make fairly good decisions rapidly is more important than making perfect decisions after lengthy thought. It can be a matter of survival. +Characteristics. +Unconscious processes have a number of typical features which are quite different from the conscious processes. +Access. +Obviously, by definition, unconscious processes are less available than conscious processes. Yet there is traffic between the two. For example, there is a well-known tendency for all training to move from halting, difficult conscious steps to smooth, semi-automatic performance. That, as Anderson recognised, is a shift from conscious to unconscious control as mastery is achieved. Anderson's key distinction is between 'declarative knowledge' (knowledge we are aware of and can talk about) and 'procedural knowledge', which guides action and decision-making, but which happens outside of conscious 'view'. +Learning also takes place in ways which are entirely unconscious to us at the time. A classic example is the way children learn their native language between the ages of about 18 months and four years. They do not study language the way an older person does. It happens automatically. Another example: people under anaesthetic can hear and be influenced by what they hear. +Access to memory also happens unconsciously: even when we try to remember, the actual process is unconscious. It can happen entirely unconsciously. An early experiment by Korsakoff on patients with loss of conscious memory showed this. He gave one patient mild electric shocks. Later, when Korsakoff returned, the patient had forgotten all about it. Yet when he saw the apparatus, the patient showed anxiety, and accused him of wanting to give him an electric shock. The experiment has been repeated since in various ways. +Failures of judgement. +It is easy to show that our snap judgements can also be quite wrong, especially when we are overwhelmed with information, or when we come to the decisions with unconscious bias and prejudice. +In experiments, subjects give verbal explanations of their own mental processes—for example why they chose one thing rather than another—as if they could directly introspect (look inside) the causes of their ideas and choices. This 'introspection illusion' may cause differences between the self and other people, because people trust these unreliable introspections when forming attitudes about themselves but not about others. + += = = Kōji (Heian period) = = = + was a after "Eiji" and before "Ten'yō." This period spanned the year from April 1142 through February 1144. The reigning emperor was . + += = = Eiji = = = + is a common masculine Japanese given name. +Eiji can be written using different kanji characters which can mean: + += = = Eiji (era) = = = + was a after "Hōen" and before "Kōji." This period started in July 1141 and ended in April 1142. During this time, the emperors were and . + += = = Civic Star = = = +The Civic Star () is a French award. +It was established by the Académie française in 1930. +The star distinguishes those who contribute to the enrichment of the community, improvement of social life,and the progress of Humanity. It is particularly for those whose lives are of hard work, sacrifice and would remain unknown without this award. It is divided into four degrees: Bronze, Silver, Gold and Silver-gilt. +The star's motto is "" ('To honor the civic virtues - Serving national prestige'). + += = = Augustana College (Illinois) = = = +Augustana College is a private liberal arts college in Rock Island, Illinois, United States. The college has about 2,500 students. Its campus is on of hilly, wooded land, adjacent to the Mississippi River. Ninety-one percent of the full-time faculty hold Ph.D.s or the terminal degrees in their field. +History. +Graduates of the universities of Uppsala and Lund in Sweden started the college in 1860 in Chicago. In 1863, Augustana moved to Paxton, Illinois. In 1875, it moved to Rock Island, Illinois to be near a large Swedish Lutheran community. After 1890 an increasingly large Swedish American community in America promoted new cultural institutions, including a lively Swedish-language press, many new churches, several colleges, and a network of ethnic organizations. The result was to build a sense of Swedishness in the United States. This made a self-confident Americanized generation. Augustana College put itself in the lead of the movement to affirm Swedish American identity. In the early years, all the students had been born in Sweden but by 1890 the second generation of American-born students predominated. They typically had white-collar or professional backgrounds; few were the sons and daughters of farmers and laborers. These middle class youth developed an idealized view of Sweden, characterized by romanticism, patriotism, and idealism. The new generation was especially proud of the Swedish contributions to American democracy and the creation of a republic that promised liberty and ended slavery. +Academics. +Augustana ranks among the top forty U.S. liberal arts colleges in the sciences, based on the number of graduates earning Ph.D.s. Students accepted to Augustana typically rank in the top 10% of their high school classes. The middle 50 percent of enrolled students for the class of 2012 scored 24-29 on the ACT, well above the national averages. Augustana College is considered highly selective. +Augustana has about sixty academic programs including nine pre-professional and eight interdisciplinary programs: +Academic Programs. +Accounting, Africana Studies, Anthropology, Art, Art History, Astronomy, Biochemistry, Biology, Business Administration, Chinese, Chemistry, Classics, Communication Sciences & Disorders (including Speech Pathology and Audiology), Communication Studies, Computer Science, Creative Writing, Economics, Education, Engineering, Engineering Physics, English, French, Geography, Geology, German, Graphic Design, History, International Business, Japanese, Landscape Architecture, Mathematics, Multimedia Journalism, Music, Neuroscience, Philosophy, Physics, Political Science, Psychology, Religion, Scandinavian, Sociology, Spanish, Theatre, World Literature +Pre-Professional Programs. +Dentistry, Law, Medicine, Nursing, Occupational Therapy, Optometry, Pharmacy, Physical Therapy, Veterinary Medicine +Interdisciplinary Programs. +Africana Studies, Asian Studies, Environmental Management and Forestry, Environmental Studies, Latin American Studies, Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Neuroscience, Women's and Gender Studies +Campus. +Academic buildings. +Old Main was constructed between 1884 and 1893. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Hanson Hall of Science was dedicated in 1998 is the largest academic building serving about 700 students in 17 majors, minors and concentrations. The Hanson Hall of Science's facilities and resources include seven classrooms, thirty-five laboratories (including a cadaver lab), a 400 MHz liquid-and solid-state NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectrometer, scanning electron microscope, instrumentation for X-ray powder crystallography and a 40-foot greenhouse. +Residential complexes. +Augustana has five traditional residence halls: Andreen Hall, Erickson Residence Center, Seminary Hall, Swanson Commons, and Westerlin Residence Center. All five of these residence halls are coeducational. The majority of first year and sophomore year students live in one of these five residence halls. For upperclassmen, Augustana also offers Transitional Living Areas (TLAs) in which Augustana students live in either apartment-like buildings or traditional off-campus houses administered by the college's Office of Residential Life. The school takes care of basic maintenance in these areas, some of which are House on the Hill, Naeseth, and Arbaugh Apartments. These areas usually have 2-6 students who share a bathroom, a kitchen, and other living spaces. +Augustana provides several services to attending students. Services include: campus ministries, career center, student counseling, academic advising, student employment, business office, food services, safety office, campus security, computer services, and campus recreation. +Athletics. +The Augustana Vikings compete in the NCAA Division III College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin (CCIW). The Vikings compete in a combined total of 22 male and female team sports, and five out of seven students compete in some form of varsity, club, or intramural sport. The Augustana College football team won four NCAA Division III national championships in a row from 1983 - 1986 under Coach Bob Reade. Coach Reade's overall winning percentage of 87% is second only to Larry Kehres and Knute Rockne on the all-time list. Augustana College was a member of the Illinois Intercollegiate Athletic Conference from 1912 to 1937. +Current varsity sports include: baseball, basketball (m/w), cross country (m/w), football, golf (m/w), lacrosse (m/w), soccer (m/w), softball, swimming (m/w), tennis (m/w), track and field (m/w), volleyball, wrestling. + += = = Augustana = = = +Augustana may refer to: +In religion: +In education: +In music: + += = = Concord, California = = = +Concord is the largest city in Contra Costa County, California, US. In the 2020 census, 125,410 people lived there. Concord was founded in 1869. It was named Todos Santos at first, but the name was soon changed to Concord. The city is east of San Francisco. +Geography. +Concord is at . It is northeast of San Francisco, northeast of Oakland, southwest of Sacramento, and north of San Jose. +According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of . All of it is land. +The center of downtown Concord is Todos Santos Plaza. The plaza takes up an entire city block. It is known for its farmers market, free summer concerts, and many restaurants. There are new apartments and condominiums near the plaza. +History. +Concord was first named Todos Santos. In the 19th century, most people in Pacheco moved to Concord to get away from fires and floods. Concord became a city on February 5, 1905. +The area around Concord in the Ygnacio and Clayton Valleys was a big farming area. To the east, where the Concord Naval Weapons Station was later built, there were big wheat ranches over . They covered the land all the way to the marshes by Suisun Bay. During Prohibition, many vineyards were removed and replaced with walnut trees. +The first Concord post office opened in 1872. +Port Chicago disaster. +On July 17, 1944, the weapons on a United States Navy ship exploded. This caused the highest number of deaths at a time among African Americans during World War II. The explosion killed 320 people. The explosion was felt 30 miles away. Later, 258 African American sailors refused to load any more weapons. That was the start of the Navy's biggest-ever mutiny trial. In that trial, 50 men were found guilty. Future Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall was at the trial. He said that he saw a prejudiced court. +Sunvalley Mall plane crash. +On December 23, 1985, a small airplane crashed into the roof of Sunvalley Mall. The pilot and two people on the plane were killed. 84 people in the mall were hurt, mostly from burning fuel. Four of the people in the mall later died from their injuries. The accident made more people be against the local airport. Pacific Southwest Airlines delayed starting passenger service there that had been planned for the new year. +Naval Weapons Station. +North of the city of Concord is the Concord Naval Weapons Station. It was opened in 1942. During World War II, weapons were kept there. The weapons were for warships at Port Chicago. The Concord NWS helped war efforts during the Vietnam War and through the end of the Gulf War, taking care of equipment and supplies. +The station has two main areas. One is the Inland Area, , which is inside the Concord city limits. The other is the Tidal Area, . Because of changes in military operations, parts of the Inland Area stopped being used. By 1999, the station had only a few military people working there. In 2007 the United States government decided to close the inland part of the station. The Tidal area of the base stayed open. The city of Concord is working on a plan for how to use the land. Their plans will have to be approved by the Navy. +Transportation. +Until 1995 the city was the eastern end of the Concord line of Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) commuter train system. Since then, more track was built. BART now goes farther than Concord. Bus service runs in the city and other points in the county. +Interstate 680 goes through Concord. So do state highways 4 and 242. +Buchanan Field Airport is a public county-owned airport in the City of Concord. It currently does not have any scheduled passenger service. It was once served by WestAir, Pacific Southwest Airlines, and later U.S. Airways for a short time. In 1977, Buchanan Field reached its peak of activity with 357,000 total operations making it the 16th busiest airport in the nation that year. +Education. +Concord has several public high schools: +There are also two private Catholic high schools: +California State University, East Bay has a campus in Concord. +Arts and culture. +The Concord Jazz Festival is held every year.. +Concord is also home to the 14-time World Champion Blue Devils Drum and Bugle Corps. The corps is made up of talented musicians from around the world. The Concord Blue Devils are the most decorated drum and bugle corps in the history of Drum Corps International. +Sister city. +In 1974 Concord became a sister city with Kitakami, Iwate, in Japan. The city built a small park in the city, and put half of a sculpture, "The Communion Bridge", in it. The other half of the bridge is in Kitakami. + += = = Concord = = = +Concord may refer to: + += = = Hōen = = = + was a after "Chōshō" and before "Eiji." This period started in September 1135 ended in July 1141. During this time, the emperor was . + += = = Mathematical model = = = +A mathematical model is a description of a system using mathematical concepts and language. The process of building a mathematical model is termed mathematical modeling. Mathematical models are used in the natural sciences (such as physics, biology, earth science, meteorology) and engineering disciplines (e.g. computer science, artificial intelligence). They are also used in the social sciences (such as economics, psychology, sociology and political science). Physicists, engineers, statisticians, operations research analysts and economists use mathematical models a lot. +Mathematical models can take many forms. The types of models include: +These and other types of models can overlap, with a given model involving a variety of abstract structures. Mathematical models can include logical models. In many cases, the quality of a scientific field depends on how well the mathematical models built on theory agree with results of repeatable experiments. When theoretical mathematical models do not match experimental measurements, scientists try to correct the model. Such corrections lead the way to better theories to explain the facts. + += = = Natalie Cassidy = = = +Natalie Ann Cassidy (born 13 May 1983) is an English actress and television personality from London. She is best known for her role as Sonia Jackson in "EastEnders". +Cassidy was a contestant in the 2009 series of the reality programme "Strictly Come Dancing". She was a housemate in Celebrity "Big Brother" 2012 (UK). + += = = Galactose = = = +Galactose (from the Greek stem ������– "galakt–", "milk") is a sugar. It has almost the same chemical structure as glucose. +Large amounts of pure galactose do not exist in nature. Instead, galactose is usually found with glucose in lactose, a sugar found in milk and other milk products. After lactose is digested and absorbed, galactose arrives in the liver. There it is changed into either glucose or glycogen. + += = = We Came to Kill = = = +We Came to Kill is the second album of German aggrotech band Funker Vogt. + += = = Thanks for Nothing = = = +Thanks for Nothing is the first studio album by the German aggrotech band Funker Vogt. + += = = Killing Time Again = = = +Killing Time Again is the third studio album of German aggrotech band Funker Vogt. + += = = Execution Tracks = = = +Execution Tracks is the fourth studio album by the German aggrotech band Funker Vogt. + += = = Maschine Zeit = = = +Maschine Zeit is the fifth studio album by the German aggrotech band Funker Vogt. + += = = Survivor (album) = = = +Survivor is the seventh studio album by the German aggrotech band Funker Vogt. + += = = Apuleius = = = +Apuleius was a philosopher and rhetorician tried for using magic to win an older and richer bride. He's better known for his novel about the cult of Isis, the tale of Cupid and Psyche, and the adventures of its hero, Lucius. +Apuleius was born in about 125, in Madauros, Numidia. It is not known what his first name was, although writers in the Middle Ages often called him "Lucius Apuleius" because the hero of his novel was called Lucius. Apuleius was educated in Carthage and Athens, and then traveled around the Mediterranean learning about religious cults. In 158 he delivered a speech recorded as "Apologia Apuleii" 'The Apology of Apuleius' in the town of Sabratha, Tripolitania (modern Libya), as a defense against the charge of using magic to win a richer and older bride called Pudentilla. Apuleius, in his Apology, provides a glimpse into second century Roman law, the economic and social conditions of Roman North Africa, and the attitude towards magic. +Apuleius died in about 175 A.D., having written his novel, known as either "The Golden Ass" or "The Metamorphoses" (also Transformations of Lucius), and the Apology, as well as books on Plato, Socrates, and Aristotle. + += = = 2011 England riots = = = +Rioting took place in several English cities, and towns, between 6 and 10 August 2011. Looting and arson also took place at this time. The riots started when a demonstration took place, on 6 August, about the police's shooting of Mark Duggan in Tottenham, North London. It turned into a riot. Over the next few days, the riots spread to other places in London and then to other areas of England. The riots caused five deaths. 186 police officers were hurt. The University of Nottingham found that British people became more racist after the riots. +Shooting of Mark Duggan. +On 4 August, a police officer shot and killed 29-year-old Mark Duggan during a traffic stop on the Ferry Lane bridge next to Tottenham Hale station. Friends and relatives of Duggan said that he was unarmed, but he was carrying a gun which a man was convicted of supplying to him. +Causes. +On 12 August, historian David Starkey blamed black gangster culture. He said that "whites have become black". Max Hastings of the "Daily Mail" blamed a culture of welfare dependence. + += = = Chutney = = = +Chutneys are a condiment used in South Asian cuisine. They can be made as a tomato relish, a ground peanut relish, yoghurt, curd, or mint dipping sauce. They contain spice and vegetable or fruit mix. + += = = Hitachi Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Ibaraki Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . +The province had borders with Iwashiro, Iwaki, Shimōsa, and Shimotsuke Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was near Ishioka. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Hitachi Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Kashima jinjū" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Hitachi. + += = = Izu Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Shizuoka Prefecture on the island of on Honshū. It was also known as . +Izu had borders with Sagami and Suruga Provinces. +History. +During the Edo period, the Tōkaidō road passed through northern Izu. Travelers from Edo to Kyoto stopped at the post town ("shuku-eki") at Mishima. +In the 1850s, Shimoda was opened to American trade. The first American Consulate in Japan was opened at the temple of Gyokusen-ji in Shimoda. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Izu Province were reformed in the 1870s. +The Izu Peninsula is today the eastern portion of Shizuoka Prefecture. The Izu Islands are considered part of Tokyo. +Shrines and Temples. +"Mishima taisha" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Izu. + += = = Yamato Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Nara Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was also called . +The ancient capital city of the province was Wakigami in Katsujō District. When the capital of Japan was moved to Heijō-kyō, the capital of the province was established in Takaichi District. The exact locations are not known. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Yamato Province were reformed in the 1870s. +The battleship "Yamato" was named after this ancient province. The "Yamato" was the flagship of the Imperial Japanese Navy fleet during World War II, +Shrines and Temples. +"Ōmiwa jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Yamato. + += = = Billy Connolly = = = +Sir William "Billy" Connolly CBE (born 24 November 1942) is a Scottish actor, comedian and musician. Sometimes, he is known as "The Big Yin" ("The Big One" in Scottish). +Early and personal life. +Connolly was born at home in Anderston, Glasgow. He grew up in a tenement in the same inner-city area. Connolly has five children. He is married to Pamela Stephenson, the mother of his three youngest children. +In 2013, he was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and had surgery for prostate cancer. In January 2019, Connolly said he was "nearing the end of his life" as his Parkinson's advanced. +Career. +Connolly has acted in many movies including: "Indecent Proposal" (1993), "Mrs. Brown" (1997), "The Boondock Saints" (1999), "The Debt Collector" (1999), "The Man Who Sued God" (2001), "The Last Samurai" (2003) and "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events" (2004). He provided his voice for the movies "Open Season" (2006) and "Brave" (2012). +Connolly has been repeatedly voted Britain's best comedian by television viewers. He is also a folk musician and television presenter. +Connolly was nominated for a BAFTA award for his role in the movie Mrs. Brown. He was given a CBE in 2003. + += = = Kai Province = = = +, also known as , is an old province in Japan in the area of Yamanashi Prefecture on the island of Honshū. +History. +During the Sengoku period, the warlord Takeda Shingen ruled Kai from his stronghold at Kōfu. After the Takeda, the area was controlled by the Tokugawa clan. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Kai Province were reformed in the 1870s. +The area was briefly renamed Kōfu Prefecture; and it was renamed Yamanashi Prefecture in 1871. +Geography. +Kai is west of Tokyo. The province is landlocked. It is in a mountainous region that includes Mount Fuji along its border with Shizuoka Prefecture. +Shrines and Temples. +"Asama jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Kai. + += = = Dewa Province = = = + is an old province of Japan in the area of Yamagata Prefecture and Akita Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . +History. +In 708, Dewa"-no kuni" was separated from Echigo. +In 712, Dewa and Mutsu Province were reorganized +Shiba Kaneyori received the Dewa Province as a fief from Ashikaga Takauji in 1335. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Dewa Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Ōmonoimi jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Dewa. + += = = Jack Abramoff = = = +Jack Abramoff (; born February 28, 1958) is an American former lobbyist and businessman. In 2006, courts found him guilty of mail fraud and conspiracy. He was the center of very large corruption investigation. The investigation led to the conviction of White House officials J. Steven Griles and David Safavian, U.S. Representative Bob Ney, and nine other lobbyists and Congressional aides. He served three years, six months of a six-year sentence in federal prison before being released early to a Baltimore halfway house on June 8, 2010. +Abramoff was College Republican National Committee National Chairman from 1981 to 1985. He was a founding member of the International Freedom Foundation. He later became a lobbyist for the firm of Preston Gates & Ellis and later the firm of Greenberg Traurig. He served as a director of the National Center for Public Policy Research, a conservative think tank, and Toward Tradition. His wife Pam and their five children live in Maryland. +Abramoff's lobbying and the scandals and investigation are the subject of two 2010 movies. These first movie was the documentary "Casino Jack and the United States of Money". It was released in May 2010. The second movie was "Casino Jack". It was released on December 17, 2010 and starred Kevin Spacey as Abramoff. +Scandal and criminal investigations. +In late 2004, the Senate Indian Affairs Committee began to investigate Abramoff's lobbying for American Indian tribes and casinos. In September he was called before the committee to answer questions about that work. He did not answer their questions and pleaded the fifth. In August 2005, Abramoff and Kidan were indicted by a federal jury in Miami for wire fraud in their dealings with SunCruz Casinos. +On January 3, 2006, Abramoff said he was guilty of three criminal felonies related to the defrauding of American Indian tribes and corruption of public officials in a Washington, D.C., federal court. The four tribes Abramoff and his associates had been involved with included Michigan's Saginaw Chippewas, California's Agua Caliente, the Mississippi Choctaws, and the Louisiana Coushattas. It was said that Abramoff defrauded the tribes of tens of millions of dollars. +The next day, he said he was guilty of two criminal felonies in a separate federal court, in Miami. These felonies involved the SunCruz deal. +On September 4, 2008, a Washington court found Abramoff guilty of trading expensive gifts, meals and sports trips for political favors. He was given a four-year term in prison. This time was to be served concurrent ("at the same time") with his earlier sentences. +Abramoff served three and a half years of a six-year sentence for conspiracy, honest services fraud, and tax evasion. He could have spent up to 11 years in prison for the mail fraud, conspiracy, and tax evasion charges because of the influence-peddling scandal in Washington. U.S. District Judge Ellen Segal Huvelle sentenced Abramoff to four years in federal prison on September 4, 2008. Abramoff helped in a bribery investigation involving lawmakers, their aides, and members of the George W. Bush administration. +Biography. +Jack Abramoff was born in Atlantic City, New Jersey into a wealthy and well known Jewish family. His father, Franklin Abramoff, was president of the Franchises unit of Diners Club. +In 1968, when Abramoff was 10, his family moved to Beverly Hills, California. Abramoff studied at Beverly Hills High School. In high school he played football and was a member of the wrestling team. +As an undergraduate at Brandeis University, Abramoff was Chairman of the Massachusetts Alliance of College Republicans. That group organized student volunteers for Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign. He graduated with a B.A. in English in 1981. He took six years to finish his degree. Abramoff got his Juris Doctor from the Georgetown University Law Center in 1986. +After graduating from Brandeis, Abramoff ran for election as chairman of the College Republican National Committee (CRNC). His campaign cost over $10,000 and was managed by Grover Norquist. Abramoff won the election after his main competitor was persuaded to drop out. Norquist was executive director of the committee under Abramoff. He later recruited Ralph Reed, a former president of the University of Georgia College Republicans chapter, as an unpaid intern. Reed was invited to sleep on Abramoff’s couch. At the CRNC, Abramoff created political alliances with College Republican chapter presidents across the nation. Many of these people later had key roles in state and national politics and business. Some of them would later work with Abramoff as a lobbyist. Some of those relationships were a main part of the federal investigation. +In 1984, Abramoff and other College Republicans formed the "USA Foundation". It was a non-partisan tax-exempt organization that held two days of rallies on college campuses around the United States. These rallies celebrated the first anniversary of the invasion of Grenada. In a letter to campus Republican leaders, Abramoff said: +In 1985, Abramoff joined Citizens for America. It was a pro-Reagan group that helped Oliver North build support for the Nicaraguan Contras. Citizens for America had a meeting of anti-Communist rebel leaders known as the Democratic International in Jamba, Angola. This conference included leaders of the Mujahedeen from Afghanistan, UNITA from Angola, the Contras, and opposition groups from Laos. Out of this conference came the International Freedom Foundation. Abramoff helped to organize, and also went to the conference. Abramoff's membership ended badly when Citizens for America's sponsor Lewis Lehrman, a former New York gubernatorial candidate, said that Abramoff had spent his money carelessly. +In 1986, Reagan made Abramoff a member of the United States Holocaust Memorial Council. +Abramoff became a full-time lobbyist and used his CRNC friends to gain access to members of the Bush Administration. He represented indian tribes and on-line gambling interests. To get the gaming interest to hire him to fight against new laws to control gambling, Abramoff had his friends start efforts against gambling. Abramoff bought a restaurant in Washington, D.C. He used it to impress clients and government officials. Abramoff got press coverage and was known for wearing a fedora hat. Abramoff started a charity called the "Capital Athletic Foundation". In 2002, Abramoff started an Orthodox Jewish school in Maryland called "Eshkol Academy". +People convicted in Abramoff probe. +The lawmakers, lobbyists, Bush administration officials, congressional staffers, and businessmen in the Jack Abramoff public corruption probe were: +Indian tribes grand jury investigations. +Abramoff and his partner Michael Scanlon (a former Tom DeLay aide) conspired to bilk Indian casinos of about $85 million. The lobbyists also created lobbying against their own clients to force them to pay for lobbying services. These actions were the subject both of criminal prosecution and hearings by the Senate Indian Affairs Committee. On November 21, 2005, Scanlon pleaded guilty to conspiring to bribe a member of Congress and other public officials. +On January 3, 2006, Abramoff pleaded guilty to three felony counts (conspiracy, fraud, and tax evasion) involving his lobbying activities in Washington on behalf of Native American tribes. Abramoff and other defendants had to pay back at least $25 million that they took from clients. Abramoff also owes the Internal Revenue Service $1.7 million because of the tax evasion. In the agreement, Abramoff said he bribed public officials, including Ney. Also included: the hiring of congressional staffers and conspiring with them to lobby their former employers. This included members of Congress. +Later in 2006 Abramoff lobbyists Neil Volz and Tony Rudy pleaded guilty to conspiracy charges. In September 2006, Ney pleaded guilty to conspiracy and making false statements. +SunCruz Casinos fraud conviction. +On August 11, 2005, Abramoff and Kidan were indicted by a federal grand jury in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, on fraud charges from a 2000 deal to buy SunCruz Casinos from Konstantinos "Gus" Boulis. Abramoff and Kidan were said to have used a fake wire transfer to make people believe that they had made a $23 million down payment needed to qualify for a $60 million loan. Kidan received the same sentence as Abramoff—5 years, 10 months—which he began serving at Fort Dix Federal Penetentiary, in Fort Dix, New Jersey, on October 23, 2006. Ney also was implicated in helping to make the deal. +After the partners bought SunCruz in September 2000, the business relationship with Boulis got bad. It ending in a fight between Kidan and Boulis in December 2000. In February 2001 Boulis was murdered in his car. The murder is currently not solved. SunCruz is now owned by Oceans Casinos Cruises. +On March 29, 2006, Abramoff and Kidan were both sentenced in the SunCruz case to the minimum amount of 70 months. They also had to pay US$21.7 million in restitution. The judge, U.S. District Judge Paul C. Huck, got over 260 pleas for leniency from people. These included "rabbis, military officers and even a professional hockey referee." The defendants are still helping with federal investigators and will be sentenced later in the Indian lobbying case. +Guam grand jury investigation. +In 2002, Guam Superior Court hired Abramoff to lobby against a bill wanting to put the Superior Court under the authority of the Guam Supreme Court. On November 18, 2002, a grand jury issued a subpoena demanding that the administrator of the Guam Superior Court release all records dealing with to the contract. On November 19, 2002, U.S. Attorney Frederick A. Black, the chief prosecutor for Guam and the person who caused the indictment, was removed from the office he had held since 1991. The federal grand jury investigation was quickly ended and took no more action. In 2005 Public Auditor Doris Flores Brooks started a new investigation of the Abramoff contract. +In 2006 California attorney and Marshall Islands lobbyist Howard Hills, and Tony Sanchez, a former administrator of the Guam Superior Court, were indicted for unlawful influence, conspiracy for unlawful influence, theft of property held in trust, and official misconduct. It is believed that they allowed 36 payments of $9,000 in connection with a contract between Hills and the Guam Superior Court. These payments were written out to Hills, but went to Abramoff. Hills trusted Sanchez as a court official. Hills believed that this was temporary and agreed to help with the transition for what he thought was a standard government contract between Abramoff and the court. For this Hills got nothing. Before indictments or investigations were started, Hills ended his temporary contract with Abramoff and reported what he thought was unusual behavior to public officials when he thought that something may be wrong. In 2007, indictments were issued against Hills and Sanchez. In 2008 more indictments were handed down against Abramoff and Abramoff's firm at the time, Greenberg Traurig. The charges against both attorney Howard Hills and Greenberg Traurig have since been dismissed. +Incarceration and recent life. +On November 15, 2006, Abramoff began serving his term in the minimum security prison of Federal Correctional Institution, Cumberland, Maryland, as inmate number 27593-112. The Justice Department asked that he serve his sentence there so that he would be closer to agents in Washington to help with the investigations of his associates. +On June 8, 2010, Abramoff was transferred to a halfway house in Baltimore, Maryland. While there, he worked for kosher pizza firm Tov Pizza. He earned between $7.50 and $10.00 per hour. +He was released from the halfway house on December 3, 2010. On December 13, 2010, it was said that Abramoff ended working at Tov Pizza. +On 8 December 2011 Abramoff was on The Colbert Report. He promoted his book "Capitol Punishment: The Hard Truth About Corruption From America's Most Notorious Lobbyist". + += = = Revivor = = = +Revivor is the eighth studio album by the German aggrotech band Funker Vogt. + += = = Navigator (album) = = = +Navigator is the ninth studio album by the German aggrotech band Funker Vogt. + += = = Shinano Province = = = + or is an old province of Japan in the area of Nagano Prefecture on the island of Honshū. Shinano bordered on Echigo, Etchū, Hida, Kai, Kōzuke, Mikawa, Mino, Musashi, Suruga, and Tōtōmi Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was near Matsumoto. +History. +The boundaries of Mutsu were formally established during the reigns of Empress Genshō and Empress Kōken. +In 713, the road between Mino Province and Shinano Province was widened. There were increasing numbers of travelers on this road. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Shinano Province weres reformed in the 1870s. +The World War II–era Japanese aircraft carrier "Shinano" was named after this old province. +Shrines and Temples. +"Suwa taisha" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Shinano. + += = = Rafinha Bastos = = = +Rafael Bastos Hocsman, better known by his stage name Rafinha Bastos (born December 5, 1976 in Porto Alegre, Brazil) is a Brazilian comedian, journalist and television personality. + += = = Matt Lucas = = = +Matthew 'matt' Richard Lucas (born 5 March 1974) is a British actor, comedian, and writer. He is best known for "Little Britain", a comedy sketch programme he and David Walliams wrote and performed. +Lucas was born and raised in London. He is from a Jewish family and is openly gay. He has alopecia. +On 16 June 2022, he appeared on the BBC television programme "Who Do You Think You Are?" and discovered that many of his grandmother's cousins had been killed in the Holocaust. In Amsterdam in 1942, his grandmother's cousin Werner Goldschmidt rented a room from Anne Frank's father, Otto Frank. He was living with them just before the family went into hiding. + += = = Wendy Richard = = = +Wendy Richard born Wendy Emerton, (20 July 1943 – 26 February 2009) was a British actress. She is best known for her roles as Miss Brahms in "Are You Being Served?" and as Pauline Fowler in "EastEnders". +She was born in Middlesbrough, North Riding of Yorkshire. She lived in London for most of her life. She died of metastatic breast cancer there. + += = = Alasdair MacIntyre = = = +Alasdair Chalmers MacIntyre (born 1929) is a Scottish philosopher. He is best known for work on moral and political philosophy. He is also known for his work in history of philosophy and theology. He is Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for Contemporary Aristotelian Studies in Ethics and Politics (CASEP) at London Metropolitan University, and an Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame. + += = = Palace of Culture and Science = = = +The Palace of Culture and Science is the second-tallest building in Poland. It is in Warsaw. It is 237 metres high. +An agreement about the building was signed between the governments of the Polish People's Republic and the Soviet Union on 5 April 1952. The tower was an imposed and unwanted "gift" to the people of Poland. It was erected with great propagandist fanfare and named after Joseph Stalin upon its completion in 1955. Stalin's name was later removed from the colonnade, interior lobby and one of the building's sculptures. +To decide on the height of the building, Soviet and Polish architects gathered in the area of the Śląsko-Dąbrowski Bridge on the east bank of the Vistula river. Over the site of the future skyscraper flew a small plane pulling a balloon behind it. The group standing near the bridge had radio contact with the pilot of the plane. First, the balloon flew at an altitude of , then higher at and . The Soviets, led by Lev Rudnev, decided that was enough for the highest point of the city. The Poles, led by the plenipotentiary for the construction of the building and chief architect of Warsaw, Józef Sigalin, began to shout "Higher!" after every of balloon height increase. Finally, the tower was set at a height of , with a main structure, a turret and a spire. +In 2024 it is used as an exhibition centre and office complex. There is a multiplex cinema with eight screens, four theatres , the Museum of Evolution and the Museum of Technology, offices, bookshops, a large swimming pool, an auditorium hall for 3,000 people called Congress Hall, and a university, Collegium Civitas, on the 11th and 12th floors of the building. The terrace on the 30th floor, at , is a well-known tourist attraction with a panoramic view of the city. The Warsaw City Council and city offices are located in the building. + += = = Destroy Rebuild Until God Shows = = = +Destroy Rebuild Until God Shows (also known as D.R.U.G.S.) is an American post-hardcore band. They formed in 2010. D.R.U.G.S released their debut self-titled album on February 22, 2011. It was met with generally positive reviews. AbsolutePunk gave the album a 78%. +Self-titled debut album D.R.U.G.S. +On November 11, 2010, Destroy Rebuild Until God Shows released their first song, "If You Think This Song Is About You, It Probably Is." On December 6, 2010, they released their second song, "Mr. Owl Ate My Metal Worm." This was followed by "Sex Life", released on January 18, 2011, which is the first single from the album. The album sold 14,000+ copies and peaked at #29 on the Billboard 200. Since then, it has hit #1 on Billboards Hard Rock charts. + += = = List of islands of Japan = = = +The List of islands of Japan may be grouped by type or location. Japan is a country of islands. +Main islands. +Japan has four main islands running from north to south. The general shape of the island grouping looks like the body of a dragon with its head erect. +List of smaller islands of Japan. +Japan has 6,000+ smaller islands and people live on 430+ of these islands. +Islands near Kyūshū. +Most of these are in the East China Sea. +Nansei Islands. +Satsunan Islands. +The northern half is administratively part of Kagoshima Prefecture and Kyūshū. +Ōsumi Islands. +The North-Eastern Group: +The North-Western Group: +Tokara Islands. +The Shichi-tō: +Ryukyu Islands. +The Southern Half, Okinawa Prefecture +Okinawa Islands. +The Central Group or Ryukyu proper: +Sakishima Islands. +Also known as the Further Isles: +Claims but does not control. +The Northern Territories. +These are the four disputed Kuril Islands, also known as the Chishima Islands. + += = = Denise Welch = = = +Jacqueline Denise Welch (born 22 May 1958) is an English actress, television personality, writer and broadcaster. She is most famous for portraying the roles of Natalie Barnes in the ITV soap opera "Coronation Street" (1997–2000), and Steph Haydock in the BBC school-based drama series "Waterloo Road" (2006–2010). Welch is also known for her appearances as a regular panellist on the ITV chat show "Loose Women" (2000–2002, 2005–2013, 2018–present). From 2021 to 2022, she appeared as Trish Minniver in the Channel 4 soap opera "Hollyoaks". +Welch's other acting roles include the television dramas "Spender" (1991–1993), "Soldier Soldier" (1993–1995), and "Down to Earth" (2004–2005). In 2011, she was a contestant on the sixth series of "Dancing on Ice", where she was partnered with professional skater Matt Evers and in 2012, she won the ninth series of "Celebrity Big Brother". +Personal life. +Welch was born in Tynemouth, Northumberland and currently lives in Cheshire. +Welch confessed that her marriage was nearly ruined because of her mental illness, as well as an affair she had during her depression. In April 2010, her 320-page autobiography "Pulling Myself Together" was published, in which she describes how she overcame her problems with alcohol, drugs and depression. It became a best-seller in the UK. + += = = Joel McHale = = = +Joel Edward McHale (born November 20, 1971) is an Italian-American stand-up comedian, actor, producer, writer, voice artist, and comedian. He is best known as the host of "Talk Soup" and as Jeff Winger in "Community". He has acted in movies including "" as Wilbur Wilson, "Open Season 2" as the voice of Elliot (taking Ashton Kutcher's place), and "Ted" as Rex. +Early life. +McHale, the middle of the three brothers, was born Joel Edward McHale in Rome, Italy on November 20, 1971. His mother, Laurie, is from Vancouver, British Columbia, and his father, Jack, is from Chicago. McHale and his brothers were born in Rome, where their father worked for an American university. He grew up in the Seattle area, graduating from Mercer Island High School in 1991. Also he participated at Youth Theatre Northwest. +He received a bachelor's degree in History from the University of Washington in 1995. While at the University of Washington, McHale briefly belonged to the Theta Chi Fraternity. He was recruited to be on the rowing team, but later walked onto the football team, playing tight end for two years. McHale received a Master of Fine Arts degree from the Professional Actors Training Program at the University of Washington. +Career. +Stand-up comedy. +McHale was part of the "Almost Live!" cast, a local sketch-comedy TV show produced by Seattle's KING-TV (Channel 5). From 1993 until 1997, McHale was a member of the improv comedy group at Unexpected Productions, participating in Theatersports! at the Market Theater located in Pike Place Fish Market in downtown Seattle. +Acting. +After earning his master's degree in acting, McHale moved to Los Angeles and landed small roles in "Oliver Beene", "", and "Will & Grace". He played a TV reporter in the biopic "Lords of Dogtown". He guest-starred as a cast member on the NBC improv comedy show "Thank God You're Here" during the pilot episode and had a guest role on an episode of "Pushing Daisies". McHale also appeared in "Spider-Man 2" in a small role as Mr. Jacks, a bank manager. +In 2004, McHale began hosting "The Soup", a satirical weekly television show on the "E!" television network. Throughout the show, he takes the audience through the oddities and ridiculous happenings of the week in television. He frequently appears as a co-host on "Loveline". He has also had a long association with Circle X Theatre, where he has done several plays. McHale was a weekly guest on "The Adam Carolla Show" and "Mickey and Amelia", and occasional guest on the "Opie and Anthony Show". He has been a judge on "Iron Chef America". He was involved in the American version of the British TV show "The IT Crowd". McHale made a guest appearance on the finale of "Last Comic Standing" sixth season, when he recapped the show's events in his typical format of jokes made popular on "The Soup". He usually appeared in "Countdown with Keith Olbermann" in a humor sequence closing the show. +McHale played FBI Agent Robert Herndon in "The Informant!" (2009), alongside Matt Damon. +He starred in "Community", which premiered in fall 2009 and ended in 2015. He also hosted "The Soup" from 2004 to 2025. +Voice acting. +McHale voiced the mule Elliot in "Open Season 2" (the direct-to-video sequel to "Open Season") since Ashton Kutcher didn't come back; but in "Open Season 3", McHale didn't return himself and got replaced by Matthew W. Taylor, who was replaced by Will Townsend in "". +Personal life. +McHale married Sarah Williams in 1996. They have two sons: Edward Roy, "Eddie" (born 2005) and Isaac Hayden (born 2008). McHale and Williams live in the Hollywood Hills. + += = = Georgia Engel = = = +Georgia Bright Engel (July 28, 1948 – April 12, 2019) was an American actress. She was the voice of Bobbie in the "Open Season" franchise. She was also on "The Mary Tyler Moore Show" and on "Everybody Loves Raymond". She had two Emmy nominations for both shows. She was born in Washington, D.C.. +She played a good witch in the 2007 recurring role of Esmeralda on the NBC soap opera "Passions". +Engel died of unknown causes in Princeton, New Jersey on April 12, 2019 at the age of 70. + += = = Kazusa Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Chiba Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was also known as or . +The ancient capital city of the province was in or near Ichihara, Chiba. +History. +Kazusa was originally part of a larger territory known as , which was divided into Kazusa Province and Shimōsa Province during the reign of Emperor Kōtoku (645-654). Part of Kazusa was made into Awa Province during the reign of Empress Genshō. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Kazusa Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Tamasaki jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Kazusa. + += = = Equal Vision Records = = = +Equal Vision Records is a record label based in Albany, New York. The record label focuses in metal or punk-based rock genres. Equal Vision Records was founded in the early 1990s by Ray Cappo. In July 2009, Equal Vision Records made a sub-label named "Mantralogy." This sub-label will feature bands that "deliver edgy, Krishna-conscious music." + += = = Gary Sinise = = = +Gary Alan Sinise (born March 17, 1955) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, director, voice artist, and comedian. He as in the movies "Of Mice and Men", "Forrest Gump", "George Wallace", and "Open Season". Since 2004, Sinise has starred in CBS's "" as Detective Mac Taylor. +Sinise has won many awards including an Emmy and a Golden Globe Award and was nominated for an Academy Award. He was awarded the Presidential Citizen Medal by George W. Bush for work he did supporting the U.S. Military and supporting Iraqi children. +Personal life. +Sinise has been married to actress Moira Harris since 1981 and they have three children: Sophie Anne (b. 1988), McCanna Anthony (b. 1990), and Ella Jane (b. 1992). + += = = Jon Favreau = = = +Jonathan Kolia "Jon" Favreau (; born October 19, 1966) is an American movie director, actor, comedian, screenwriter, and voice actor. He appeared in such movies as "Elf" (in which he was also the director) and "Open Season" (but got replaced by Matt Taylor for the rest of the series). He is also known for directing "Iron Man" and "The Jungle Book". + += = = Steve Schirripa = = = +Steven Ralph "Steve" Schirripa (born September 3, 1957) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, producer, voice artist, and comedian in such movies and TV series as "The Sopranos" as Bobby Baccalieri, "Nothing Personal" (in which he is the host), and the "Open Season" series as Roberto. + += = = Crispin Glover = = = +Crispin Hellion Glover (born April 20, 1964) is an American actor. He has acted in such movies as "Back to the Future", "Epic Movie" (where he did a parody of the Willy Wonka played by Johnny Depp) and the "Open Season" series as Fifi. +In the late 1980s, Glover started his company, Volcanic Eruptions. The company publishes his books and also is the production company for his movies, "What Is It?" and "It is Fine. Everything is Fine!". +Glover has written between 15 and 20 books. He makes the books by reusing old novels and other publications which are in the public domain due to their age. He rearranges text, blacks out certain standing passages, and adds his own prose and sometimes images. +His father is actor Bruce Glover. His mother was Betty Glover who died in 2016. + += = = Associação Sportiva Sociedade Unida = = = +Associação Sportiva Sociedade Unida is a football club which plays in Brazil. + += = = Dave Garroway = = = +David Cunningham "Dave" Garroway (July 13, 1913 – July 21, 1982) was the founding host of NBC's "Today" from 1952 to 1961. He had an easygoing and relaxing style. Yet, Garroway suffered from depression. He has been honored for his contributions to radio and television with a star for each on the Hollywood Walk of Fame as well as the St. Louis Walk of Fame, the city where he spent part of his teenage years and early adulthood. +Early life. +He was born in Schenectady, New York. By the time Garroway was 14, he had moved with his family 13 times before settling in St. Louis, Missouri. In St. Louis, he attended University City High School. He earned a degree from Washington University in St. Louis in abnormal psychology. Before going into broadcasting, Garroway worked as a Harvard University lab assistant, as a book salesman, and as a piston ring salesman. After not being able to successfully sell either, Garroway decided to try his hand in radio. +Garroway began his broadcasting career modestly. Starting at NBC as an page in 1938, he went on to graduate 23rd in a class of 24 from NBC's school for announcers. Following graduation, he landed a job at Pittsburgh radio station KDKA in 1939. As a station reporter, he went about the region filing reports from a hot-air balloon, a U.S. Navy submarine in the Ohio River, and from deep inside a coal mine. His early reporting efforts earned Garroway a reputation for finding a good story, even if it took him to unusual places. The "Roving Announcer", as he was known, worked his way up to become the station's special events director, while still attending to his on-air work. After two years with KDKA, Garroway left for Chicago. +Radio. +When the United States entered World War II in 1941, Garroway enlisted in the U.S. Navy. While stationed in Honolulu, he hosted a radio show when off duty, playing jazz records and reminiscing about the old days back in Chicago. After the war, Garroway went to work as a disc jockey at WMAQ (AM) in Chicago. Over time, Garroway hosted a series of radio programs such as "The 11:60 Club", "The Dave Garroway Show", and "Reserved for Garroway". One oddity Garroway introduced on his radio shows was having the studio audience respond to a song number not by applauding but by snapping their fingers. Garroway also worked to organize jazz concerts, creating a "Jazz Circuit" of local clubs in 1947, bringing back interest in this form of music. His fellow disk jockeys voted him the nation's best in the 1948 and 1949 "Billboard" polls. He won the award again in 1951. +Leaving the Midwest again for New York, Garroway was the first "communicator" on NBC Radio's "Monitor" when the program first aired on June 12, 1955. He continued as the Sunday evening host of the news/music program from 1955 to 1961. Garroway worked on the air at WCBS radio in 1964 and briefly hosted the afternoon drive shift at KFI in Los Angeles in late 1970 and early 1971. +Television. +Garroway was introduced to the national television audience when he hosted the experimental musical variety show "Garroway at Large", telecast live from Chicago. It was carried by NBC from June 18, 1949, to June 24, 1951. +Garroway's relaxed, informal style when on the air became part of his trademark. In 1960, "New York Times" reviewer Richard F. Shepard wrote, "He does not crash into the home with the false jollity and thunderous witticisms of a backslapper. He is pleasant, serious, scholarly looking and not obtrusively convivial." On television, Garroway was known for his signoff, saying "Peace" with an upraised palm. +Along with Arthur Godfrey, Arlene Francis, and Jack Paar, Garroway was one of the pioneers of the television talk show. Television commentator Steven D. Stark traces the origins of the style to Chicago. Garroway, Studs Terkel, and Hugh Downs all hosted relaxed, talkative, impromptu shows in that city in the early 1950s. Earlier radio and television voices spoke with an authoritative "announcer's" intonation, resembling public oration, often dropping about a musical fifth on the last word of a sentence. Garroway was one of the broadcasters who introduced conversational style and tone to television, beginning some broadcasts as though the viewer were sitting in the studio with him, as in this November 20, 1957, introduction for the "Today" show: "And how are you about the world today? Let's see what kind of shape it's in; there is a glimmer of hope." +NBC president Sylvester "Pat" Weaver picked Garroway to host his new morning news-and-entertainment experiment, the "Today" show, in 1951. Garroway soon was joined by news editor Jim Fleming and announcer Jack Lescoulie as television's first loose "family" of the airwaves when the show debuted on Monday, January 14, 1952. Though initially panned by critics, Garroway's style attracted a large audience that enjoyed his easygoing presence early in the morning. His familiar "cohost," a chimpanzee with the puckish name of J. Fred Muggs, didn't hurt his genial manner, but his concurrent seriousness in dealing with news stories and ability to clearly explain abstract concepts earned him the nickname "The Communicator" and eventually won praise from critics and viewers alike. +At the same time he did "Today", Garroway also hosted a Friday night variety series, "The Dave Garroway Show", from October 2, 1953, to June 25, 1954, and on October 16, 1955, he began hosting NBC's Sunday afternoon live documentary "Wide Wide World", continuing with that series until June 8, 1958. Another Friday evening variety show, "Dave's Place", was on the air in 1960. He also hosted a radio show, "Dial Dave Garroway", that went on the air as soon as "Today" wrapped up each morning. "Dial Dave Garroway" began in 1946 when Garroway was still working for WMAQ in Chicago. +Garroway took "Today" to various locations as its host: Paris in 1959 and Rome in 1960; car shows and technology expos; plays and movies; and aboard an Air Force B-52 for a practice bombing run. Through television, Garroway gave viewers access to a variety of people that included politicians, writers, artists, scientists, economists, and musicians. +In late 1960, Garroway hosted a special filmed program for the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association that traced Billy Graham's crusades from 1949 to 1960. +Garroway suffered from depression. Toward the end of his professional career, he began to have disagreements with staff members; some days Garroway would disappear in the middle of the "Today" broadcast, leaving colleagues to finish the live program. Then, on April 28, 1961, Garroway's second wife, Pamela, died of causes related to drug-use. Causing emotional turmoil, Garroway went further into depression and emotional and mental instability. In late May 1961, Garroway resigned, announcing his intention to leave "Today" either at the end of October when his contract was finished or sooner, if possible. He wanted to spend more time with his children. His last "Today" show was on June 16, 1961. +Garroway returned to television on National Educational Television (the forerunner of PBS) with a science series called "Exploring the Universe" in late 1962. Later he went back to working in radio, doing "split shift" shows called "Garroway AM" (mid mornings) and "Garroway PM" (mid afternoons) for WCBS (AM), New York. Garroway also started a magazine, "National FM-Radio". The venture was a costly failure. Garroway realized he was not cut out to be a businessman. While he was in the publishing business, Garroway began reading various law books in an effort to try to understand what his lawyer was saying. His attorney told him that he had done enough legal reading to pass the New York State bar exam. On a bet, Garroway sat for and passed the written exam. +Garroway did other local radio and television shows. Garroway appeared sporadically on other television programs without achieving anywhere near the success and recognition levels he enjoyed on "Today". The most viewers saw of him for the rest of the 1960s and 1970s was whenever he reemerged for "Today" anniversaries. His final such appearance was on the 30th anniversary show, on January 14, 1982. +He was very interested in astronomy, and during a tour of Russian telescopes he met his third wife, astronomer Sarah Lee Lippincott. In his final years, he attended astronomy symposia at Swarthmore College and spent time at Sproul Observatory. +Other media. +In his role as "Today" host, Garroway acted as pitchman for several of the show's sponsors. Among them were Admiral television sets, Alcoa and Sergeant's dog food. Most of the appearances were in the form of print ads in newspapers and magazines. By 1960, there was also a board game called "Dave Garroway's "Today" Game". +Garroway, an amateur drummer and inveterate music lover, lent his name to a series of recordings of jazz, classical, and pop music released in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Among them were "Wide, Wide World of Jazz", 1957's "Some of My Favorites" and 1958's "Dave Garroway's Orchestra: An Adventure in Hi-Fi Music". In a lighter vein, Garroway narrated a compilation of romantic songs performed by the Boston Pops Orchestra, "Getting Friendly with Music," in 1956. +Garroway also served as narrator for special albums, including 1964's "The Great Campaigners, 1928–1960" and 1960's "Names From the Wars." +In 1960, Garroway penned "Fun on Wheels," an activity book for children on road trips. The book was revised and reissued in 1962 and 1964. +Toward the end of his life, Garroway planned to write an autobiography. The book never made it past the research stage; the surviving notes, manuscripts, audio tapes, and news clippings were sent to former "Today" researcher Lee Lawrence. Upon Lawrence's death in 2003, the boxes were turned over to the Library of American Broadcasting, Special Collections, University of Maryland Libraries, where they resided as of 2009. +Death. +After having undergone heart surgery, Garroway was found dead of a self-inflicted gunshot wound at his Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, home on July 21, 1982. He had one son, David Jr., and a daughter, Paris. When he married Pamela in 1956, he adopted her son, Michael, whom he raised as his own after her death. +The July 22 edition of "Today" was mainly a remembrance of Garroway. Sidekick Jack Lescoulie, news editor Frank Blair, and former consumer reporter Betty Furness offered tributes on the show. Garroway's passing was noted on "NBC Nightly News" with John Chancellor, the man who replaced Garroway on "Today" 21 years earlier. On "NBC News Overnight," host Linda Ellerbee closed the program with "Peace" instead of her usual "And so it goes." +Because of Garroway's dedication to the cause of mental health, his third wife, Sarah, helped establish the Dave Garroway Laboratory for the Study of Depression at the University of Pennsylvania. Garroway is buried in West Laurel Hill Cemetery, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania. +Parodies and fictional representations. +Robert McKimson's 1960 cartoon "Wild Wild World" depicts "Cave Darroway" presenting footage from the Stone Age. +"Mad" spoofed him in one issue as "Dave Garrowunway." +In Robert Redford's 1994 film "Quiz Show", Garroway was portrayed by Barry Levinson. + += = = Gemma Arterton = = = +Gemma Christina Arterton (born 12 January 1986) is a British actress. She was born and raised in Gravesend, Kent and lives in London. +Background. +Gemma was born on 1986 and studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. She starred in St Trinian's, was a Bond girl in Quantum of Solace and played the title character in Tamara Drewe. She co-starred with Justin Timberlake in the 2013 film Runner Runner. +She was nominated for the Orange Rising Star Award in 2011. + += = = Kia Corporation = = = +Kia Corporation formerly known as Kia Motors (, ) is a car company. The headquarters are in Seoul, South Korea. It is the second-largest automobile manufacturer in that country, after Hyundai Motor Company. Kia sold of over 1.4 million vehicles in 2010. The company is partly owned by the Hyundai Motor Group. Hyoung-Keun (Hank) Lee has been president since August 2009. +The word "Kia" comes from Korean words meaning "to arise from Asia to the world". 1944 + += = = Hyundai Motor Company = = = +Hyundai Motor Company (Hangul : �� ��� ����; Hanj : ���������; , "Hyŏndae", ) is a Korean car company. It is based in Seoul, South Korea. Along with Kia, it makes up the Hyundai Kia Automotive Group. The group is the world's fourth-largest maker of cars as of 2009. As of 2011, it is the world's fastest growing automaker for two years in a row. In 2008, Hyundai (without Kia) ranked as the eighth-largest automaker. In 2010, Hyundai sold over 3.6 million vehicles worldwide. In 2015 Hyundai announced it would spin off its Genesis car as a separate luxury brand, that will compete with other luxury brands like Buick, Lexus, Acura etc. 1968 + += = = Paedophryne = = = +Paedophryne is a genus of microhylid frogs from Papua New Guinea. All six species known so far are amongst the smallest frog and vertebrate species. +"Paedophryne amauensis". +Paedophryne amauensis is a recently discovered species of frog from Papua New Guinea. Only long, it is the world's smallest known vertebrate. +Discovery. +The frog species was discovered in August of 2009 by Christopher Austin when exploring Papua New Guinea. The National Science Foundation sponsored the exploration. +Characteristics. +The frog is a millimeter smaller than the previous record holder for being the world's smallest vertebrate – a species of carp ("Paedocypris progenetica") from Indonesia. The frog mainly lives on land. According to its discoverers, the life cycle of the frog does not include a tadpole stage. + += = = Travis Lane Stork = = = +Travis Lane Stork, MD (born March 9, 1972, in Fort Collins, Colorado) is an American emergency physician and television personality. He is best known for being "The Bachelor", and as the host of the syndicated daytime talk show, "The Doctors". +Medical career. +Stork graduated "magna cum laude" from Duke University, and earned his M.D. from the University of Virginia. He completed his emergency medicine residency at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee. Before returning to Vanderbilt as a faculty physician, he worked as an attending physician in a private hospital system in Colorado. Dr. Stork currently splits his time between Nashville and Los Angeles, where he hosts the syndicated television show "The Doctors". +"The Bachelor". +While Stork was finishing his residency program, he met the producers of "The Bachelor" by chance. They invited him to interview for the show. In 2006, Stork was the bachelor during season 8 of "The Bachelor." During the season finale of the show, Stork chose school teacher, Sarah Stone, who coincidentally lived only a few blocks away from his residence. He proposed a relationship instead of marriage. After the series ended, they broke up. In May 2011 Travis got engaged to his girlfriend of two years, Dr. Charlotte Brown, a Nashville native. +"The Doctors". +In 2007 Stork was selected to serve as the lead host on "The Doctors", a Los Angeles-based daytime medical/talk show, produced by Jay McGraw, son of Dr. Phil McGraw, which debuted in September 2008. On the show, Stork heads a panel of three other physicians from different fields (pediatrics, plastic surgery and obstetrics) as they discuss health issues and answer audience questions. The idea came about from a series of "Dr. Phil" show segments. Stork has been a frequent contributor on "Dr. Phil". + += = = Brad Womack = = = +Stephen Bradley Womack (born November 10, 1972 in Atlanta, Georgia) is an American entrepreneur. He is the co-owner of Austin, Texas bars Dizzy Rooster and Chugging Monkey. Brad has an identical twin brother named Chad. He is best known to the American television audience as the bachelor of the eleventh season of the reality dating show "The Bachelor" in which he became the first Bachelor not to choose either of the two finalists. In 2011, Womack returned for a second turn as "The Bachelor". + += = = Nika Futterman = = = +Nika Futterman (born October 25, 1969) is an American voice actress. She is the voice of Adam Lyon in My Gym’s Partner’s a Monkey, Rosie in the "Open Season" series, Stamps in "Back at the Barnyard", one of the dung beetles in "The Wild", Lady Jaye in "", Chum Chum in "Fanboy and Chum Chum", Lola Caricola in "CatDog" and Luna Loud in "The Loud House". She was born in New York City. +She did the vocals "Give it to me, baby" in The Offspring hit single "Pretty Fly (for a White Guy)." + += = = Hida Province = = = + is an old province of Japan in the area of Gifu Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . +History. +In the late 1580s, Kanamori Nagachika occupied Hida Province. Kanamori's heirs held the province through the Edo Period when it came under direct rule by the Tokugawa shogunate. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Hida Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Hidaichinomiya-Minashi jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Hida. + += = = Kōzuke Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Gunma Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It is also known as or . +The ancient capital city of the province was near Maebashi. +History. +In the Nara period, Kōzuke was part of Keno Province. This was changed in the reforms of the Taihō Code in 701. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Kōzuke Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Ichinomiyanukisaki jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Kōzuke. + += = = Mino Province = = = +, one of the List of Provinces of Japan, encompassed part of modern-day Gifu Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . +Mino had borders with Echizen, Hida, Ise, Mikawa, Ōmi, Owari, and Shinano Provinces. +The ancient capital city of the province was near Tarui. The main castle town was at Gifu. +History. +In 713, the road crossing through Mino and Shinano provinces was widened to accommodate increasing numbers of travelers. +In 1600, the Battle of Sekigahara took place at the western edge of Mino, near the mountains between the Chūbu region and the Kinki region. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Mino Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Shitori jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Mino. + += = = Cody Cameron = = = +Cody Cameron (born October 12, 1970) is an American voice actor, writer, animator, director, artist, and screenwriter. He is the voice of many characters; this includes Pinocchio and the Three Little Pigs in the "Shrek" series and Mr. Weenie in the "Open Season" series. +Career. +Cameron first started his career at DreamWorks Animation and wrote dialogue and storyboarding for the "Shrek" movies, "Shark Tale", and the 2005 "Madagascar" movie. +In 2004, he decided to leave DreamWorks to join a brand new job at Sony Pictures Animation, where he worked as an actor in the "Open Season" series as Mr. Weenie, directed "Open Season 3" and "The ChubbChubbs Save Xmas" (in which he also co-wrote), and worked as a story artist on "Surf's Up" and the "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs" movies. + += = = Patrick Warburton = = = +Patrick John Warburton (born November 14, 1964) is an American actor and voice artist. He has been in many movies such as the "Emperor's New Groove" series, the "Space Chimps" movies, the "Open Season" franchise and the "Buzz on Maggie" series. He was on "Family Guy". He played Jeff Bingham in "Rules of Engagement". + += = = Fred Stoller = = = +Frederick "Fred" Stoller (born March 19, 1958) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, voice artist and writer. He is best known for recurring role on "Everyone Loves Raymond". He has been in many movies such as the "Open Season" franchise and "Austin Powers in Goldmember". Stoller has been very active as a guest star on many Television series. He has been on "Wizards of Waverly Place", "Hannah Montana", "Dharma & Greg", "Seinfeld", and "Scrubs" as well as many others. He wrote two episodes of "Seinfeld". + += = = Ryūkyū Domain = = = + was a domain of Japan in the area of Okinawa Prefecture at the Pacific edge of the East China Sea. +History. +In 1609, Japanese forces invaded the Ryūkyū Kingdom. After this, the Ryukyuan kings were forced to pay annual tribute to the Shimazu clan of Satsuma Province. +After the Meiji Restoration, the kingdom was replaced by the Ryūkyū Domain which existed from 1872 through 1879. +In 1879, Okinawa Prefecture was established. +Shrines and Temples. +"Naminoue Shrine" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of the Ryukyu Islands. In 1890, the shrine was recognized in the system of State Shinto. It is among the ranked, nationally significant shrines or which includes five sanctuaries. + += = = Tane Province = = = + was an island province of Japan in the area of Kagoshima Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū. The history of the province started in 674 and ended in 824. +History. +Kofun burial mounds are found on Tanegashima. Two very old Shinto shrines on Yakushima suggest that these islands were the southern border of the Yamato state. +Annals of the Nara period regard Tane-no-kuni as the name for all the Ryukyu Islands, including Tanegashima and Yakushima. + += = = Michelle Murdocca = = = +Michelle Murdocca (born September 20, 1963) is an American actress, producer, voice artist, and comedienne. She is the voice of Maria in the "Open Season" series. She produced the 2012 movie series "Hotel Transylvania". + += = = Combination lock = = = +A combination lock is a lock that is opened with a set of secret numbers instead of a key. Mechanical combination locks usually have a dial that is rotated to three different numbers (four numbers on some safe locks) to open the lock. Electronic combination locks usually have a keypad where the combination can be entered like a telephone number. +Mechanical combination lock. +The mechanical combination lock usually has three discs inside. The last disc is connected directly to the dial, and a notch on this disc rotates the second disc. A notch on the second disc in turn rotates the first disc. The lock is usually opened by rotating the dial clockwise to the first number, counterclockwise past the first number and to the second number, and clockwise to the third number (some locks use the reverse directions, and most safe locks require a return to 0 after entering the combination). This type of lock is popular on safes and padlocks. It is available for entry doors, but is not popular due to the amount of time required to enter the combination. The combination is usually set at the factory and can not be changed easily (if at all). +Electronic keypad lock. +The electronic combination lock uses a keypad that looks similar to a telephone keypad. The combination is entered one number at a time, like a telephone number. When the number is entered, a motor opens the lock. This type of lock is popular on safes and doors, but is almost never seen on padlocks. These locks require batteries or another source of electricity. There is sometimes a key backup in case the batteries die or the electronics fail. Most safe locks do not have a key backup, as a key backup can be picked. Most electronic locks allow the user to set the combination. +Advantages. +Combination locks can not be picked (as long as there is no key backup), and the user does not have to carry a key. There is little chance of getting locked out as long as the user is good at remembering the combination. +Disadvantages. +Mechanical combination locks can be difficult to use for people who have never used one before. The most common mistakes are forgetting to pass the first number when dialing the second number, and rotating the dial backwards. In an electronic combination lock, the batteries can die, preventing the lock from opening until the batteries are replaced. With most combination locks, it is possible for a thief to obtain the combination by watching a legitimate user entering it. On an electronic combination lock, a thief can sometimes guess the combination based on the amount of wear on the buttons. An example of worn buttons can be seen in the photo on the right. More-modern keypad locks require the user to press one or two other buttons indicated by LEDs after the combination is entered. This causes the other buttons that are not part of the combination to wear down as well, preventing a thief from determining which numbers are part of the combination based on wear marks. + += = = Jeff Cardoni = = = +Jeffrey E. "Jeff" Cardoni (born January 1972) is an American composer. He can play many different instruments. He studied classical piano before playing drums and guitar in many bands. He was in the rock band Alien Crime Syndicate for a short time. After graduating James M. Coughlin High School, Cardoni studied engineering at Pennsylvania State University between 1988 and 1991. +He is best known for his work on television projects such as "", "The Defenders", "The League", and movie scores, such as "Just Friends", "Firehouse Dog", "Miss March", "Open Season 3" and "Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay". Cardoni performed the music for "Open Season 3". +Early life. +Cardoni was born in January 1970. +Awards and nominations. +He has won many awards from the American Society of Composers, Artists and Publishers (ASCAP) for his musical scores on television. + += = = Diedrich Bader = = = +Karl Diedrich Bader (born December 24, 1966), better known as Diedrich Bader, is an American actor and voice actor. +Many know him for his roles as the self-defense instructor Rex from "Napoleon Dynamite", Oswald Harvey from "The Drew Carey Show", Charlie Davies from "Outsourced " and his voice portrayal of Batman on "". Bader is also well remembered in his voice roles as the android Zeta in the "Batman Beyond" spinoff, "The Zeta Project", Warp Darkmatter in "Buzz Lightyear of Star Command", the Fiskerton Phantom in "The Secret Saturdays", and his recurring role as Hoss Delgado in "The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy". + += = = Jennifer Saunders = = = +Jennifer Jane Saunders (born 6 July 1958) is an English comedienne, actress and writer. She was born in Sleaford, Lincolnshire. She co-starred with Dawn French in comedy sketch show "French and Saunders". She stars in "Absolutely Fabulous" with Joanna Lumley, Julia Sawalha, Jane Horrocks and June Whitfield. +She has guest starred in the American sitcoms "Roseanne" and "Friends". She won the American People's Choice Award for voicing the wicked Fairy Godmother in DreamWorks' animated "Shrek 2". +Personal life. +Saunders married Adrian Edmondson on 11 May 1985 in Cheshire. They have three daughters: Eleanor "Ella" Rose (born 22 January 1986, Hammersmith, London), Beatrice "Beattie" Louise (born 19 June 1987, Kensington and Chelsea, London), and Freya Domenica (born 16 October 1990, Wandsworth, London). +Saunders currently owns a £1 million property with of land in Chagford, Devon and a home in London. Edmondson and Saunders were estimated to be worth £11 million in 2002. +In July 2010, she said that she had breast cancer. She knew about it since October 2009. She is in remission following a lumpectomy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. +Awards and recognition. +Along with Dawn French, Saunders declined an OBE in 2001. In 2003, she was listed in "The Observer" as one of the 50 funniest acts in British comedy. Saunders was 93rd out of E!'s 100 Sexiest British Stars. She also was 18th for "Best British Role Models for teenage girls in Britain" by "Good Housekeeping" magazine. + += = = Iwaki Province (718) = = = + was an old province in the area that is today Fukushima Prefecture and Miyagi Prefecture on the island of Honshū. The history of the province started in 718 and ended between 722 and 724. +History. +Iwaki Province was created during the reign of Empress Genshō. + += = = Iwaki Province (1868) = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area that is today Fukushima Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . The history of the province started in 1868 and ended in 1869. +History. +During the Edo period and early Meiji period, the Date clan were daimyo in the area. + += = = United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal = = = +The United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal was a major political scandal in the United Kingdom. It was caused by leaked expense claims made by members of the United Kingdom Parliament over several years. "The Daily Telegraph" leaked the claims in 2009. The claims showed that MPs had misused the expenses system to gain money. This made the British public very angry. The scandal made lots of MPs leave or be sacked, and it made them apologise and pay money back. Some people were prosecuted and put in prison. + += = = Jane Krakowski = = = +Jane Krakowski (; born October 11, 1968) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for her performance as Elaine Vassal on "Ally McBeal", for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award, and for her role as "Jenna Maroney" on the NBC sitcom "30 Rock", for which she was been nominated for three Emmy Awards. She also regularly performs on the stage and won a Tony Award for her performance in the Broadway revival of "Nine" and an Olivier Award for "Guys and Dolls" in London's West End. +Early life. +Krakowski was born Jane Krajkowski in Parsippany, New Jersey. Her mother, Barbara (née Benoit), is a college theater instructor and producing artistic director for the Women's Theater Company, and her father, Ed Krajkowski, is a chemical engineer. She has an older brother. Krakowski's father's family is entirely Polish and comes from Kraków, and although she only knows a few words in Polish, her father and grandparents are fluent. Krakowski was a childhood classmate of astronaut Garrett Reisman. +Krakowski grew up immersed in the local theater scene as a result of her parents' activities, saying in one interview, "Instead of hiring baby sitters, they brought me along with them." She took ballet lessons from age four, but later stopped because she was the wrong body shape, instead moving more towards Broadway dancing. She attended the Professional Children's School in New York City. +She dropped the "j" from the family last name when she began working as an actress. +Career. +Television. +In her first major television role, Krakowski joined the soap opera "Search for Tomorrow" in 1984, playing the role of Theresa Rebecca (T.R.) Kendall, a role she played until the show ended in 1986. She was nominated for two consecutive Daytime Emmy Awards for the role in 1986 and 1987. +In 1996, she made an appearance on the television series "Early Edition" as Dr. Handleman (season 1, episode 3 "Baby"). +In 1997, she played office assistant Elaine Vassal on the television series "Ally McBeal" for five seasons until 2002; her role earned her a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress in 1999. In 2003, Krakowski guest-starred in the TV drama "Everwood" as psychologist Dr Gretchen Trott, a love interest for Treat Williams' Dr Andrew Brown. In 2003, she guest starred on "" as Emma Spevak, a serial killer of elderly women. In 2006, Krakowski was cast in the NBC sitcom "30 Rock", where she plays Jenna Maroney, a cast member of the fictional late night sketch show "TGS with Tracy Jordan". In 2009, 2010 and 2011, she received Emmy nominations for her role in "30 Rock". +Movies. +Krakowski made her movie debut in "National Lampoon's Vacation"; she has also appeared in "Fatal Attraction", "The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas" (where she played Betty Rubble), "Marci X", "Alfie", "Go", ', "Dance with Me", "Stepping Out", "Pretty Persuasion", ', and "Mom at Sixteen". Krakowski was originally cast in the horror movie "Sleepaway Camp", but dropped out just before filming began because she felt her character's death scene with a curling iron was so violent. She appeared in "When Zachary Beaver Came to Town" as a mother who wants to become a singer. In 2004, she starred in Alan Menken's TV movie version of "A Christmas Carol", featured as "The Ghost of Christmas Past". +Stage. +A trained singer, Krakowski has made numerous appearances on stage. At age 18 she originated the role of Dinah the Dining Car in the 1987 Broadway production of "Starlight Express". She appeared in the 1989 Broadway musical "Grand Hotel" as the typist and would-be-movie-star Flaemmchen, for which she was nominated for a Tony Award. Her solo number "I Want to go to Hollywood" is included on the original cast recording. At the 2000 American Comedy Awards, Krakowski won rave reviews when she performed a sexually-charged musical tribute and love letter to Microsoft chairman, Bill Gates. +In 1995, she played the ditzy flight attendant April in The Roundabout Theatre Company's revival of "Company". In 1996, she starred alongside Sarah Jessica Parker in the Broadway revival of "Once Upon a Mattress". +In January 2002, Windham Hill Records released a Jim Brickman album titled "Love Songs & Lullabies" featuring Krakowski as a vocalist for the song "You", which became a hit on adult contemporary radio stations. Brickman and Krakowski also recorded an alternate Christmas version of the song. She also appeared on the album "Broadway Cares: Home For The Holidays", singing the song "Santa Baby". +In 2003, she starred in the Broadway revival of "Nine" playing Carla, for which she won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress. Krakowski is known for her famous anti-gravity stunt during the number "A Call From The Vatican". Krakowski and the director struggled finding a company that would let her do air stunts without a harness; Krakowski came up with the idea of using the method previously portrayed in "Broadway Bares". Krakowski recalled that the material took a long time to arrive, and the second time she ever did it was on the first performance. +In 2005, she starred as Miss Adelaide alongside Ewan McGregor in the new production of "Guys and Dolls" in London (Piccadilly Theatre) a role for which she won the 2006 Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Musical. +In 2005, she performed a cabaret show called "Better When It's Banned", which featured various songs deemed racy from the 1920s and '30s. +Krakowski performed in a January 2007 workshop production and backers' audition for a Broadway musical adaption of the 1980 movie, "Xanadu", with music from the movie's soundtrack and a book by Douglas Carter Beane. "Xanadu" premiered on Broadway summer 2007, although Krakowski's role is played by Kerry Butler. +In 2008, Krakowski starred as Lola in New York City Center's production of "Damn Yankees" opposite Sean Hayes and Cheyenne Jackson. +On July 30 and 31 of 2009, Krakowski played the title character in a reading of "Mrs. Sharp", with music and lyrics by Ryan Scott Oliver and book by Kirsten A. Guenther, at Playwrights Horizons. +Personal life. +In 2007, it was reported that Krakowski was in a relationship with English documentarian Marc Singer, whom she met at a screening for "Children of Men" in 2006. Before that, she dated Julian Ovenden. +She married Robert Godley in 2010. On April 13, 2011, their son, Bennett Robert Godley, was born. +Recordings. +Krakowski released her debut solo album on July 15, 2010 an album of cover versions called "Laziest Gal in Town" on DRG Records. +Selected recordings include: + += = = Kevin Michael Richardson = = = +Kevin Michael Richardson (born 1 1, 1945) is an American actor, producer, writer and voice artist. +Television. +! Year +! Title +! Role +! class = "unsortable" | Notes + += = = Gordon Tootoosis = = = +Gordon Tootoosis (born October 25, 1941 – July 5, 2011) was a Canadian actor, voice artist, and comedian. He was of Cree and Stoney descent. Tootoosis was a descendant of Yellow Mud Blanket, brother of the famous Cree leader Pitikwahanapiwiyin. In "Open Season" (2006), he voiced Sheriff Gordy. He played the same role in "Boog and Elliot's Midnight Bun Run" (2006). In July 2011, he died in the hospital from pneumonia, aged 69. + += = = Craig Owens = = = +Craigery Michael "Craig" Owens (b. August 26, 1984) is an American musician from Davison, Michigan. He is best known as the former lead vocalist of Chiodos. He has had many side projects such as Cinematic Sunrise, and the supergroup Isles & Glaciers. He is currently lead vocalist for the supergroup Destroy Rebuild Until God Shows. +Biography. +On July 20, 2008, Owens tried to kill himself by overdosing a drug called Xanax. Owens said he had been suffering from depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety. Owens also said he did not suffer any permanent damage from the incident. +On December 15, 2008, a new side project was announced and was to be called Isles & Glaciers. It would include Owens, Jonny Craig (from Dance Gavin Dance and Emarosa), Vic Fuentes, Nick Martin, Matt Goddard (from Chiodos), Brian Southall, and Mike Fuentes. Owens is also often featured as a guest vocalist. Florida post-hardcore band, Broadway, had Craig Owens and Jonny Craig as guest vocalists on their debut album "Kingdoms", which was released July 7, 2009. Owens was also featured in the song "The Road to Hell Is Paved With Good Intentions" for the band In Fear and Faith. + += = = Canada lynx = = = +The Canada lynx is a species of lynx which lives on the taiga. It is about twice the size of a domestic cat. +It eats mice, ground squirrels, lemming and young deer. The lynx's favorite food is the snowshoe hare, which makes up 60% to 97% of its diet. +This wild animal is not endangered (except in the southern 48 states of the US). It is of "least concern" (IUCN). Humans hunt them for their beautiful, thick fur. +It has tufts on its ears whose function is probably social signalling. + += = = Douglas J. Mink = = = +D. Jessica Mink is an American software developer and a data archivist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. She was part of the team that discovered the rings around the planet Uranus. +Mink was born in Elgin, Illinois in 1951. She graduated from Dundee Community High School in 1969. Mink earned an S.B. degree (1973) and an S.M. degree (1974) in Planetary Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. + += = = Felicity Kendal = = = +Felicity Ann Kendal CBE (born 25 September 1946) is a British actress. She was born in Olton, Warwickshire. She is best known for her role in sitcom "The Good Life". She was a contestant in the 2010 series of "Strictly Come Dancing". + += = = Determinism = = = +In philosophy, determinism is the thesis that there are conditions that make future events happen the way they happen. Today, the term is mostly used in natural philosophy: there are natural laws and causality that govern certain aspects of nature. Some of those laws are not probabilistic, they apply all the time. The opposite position to this idea is called indeterminism. If there are really conditions that cause future events to be uniquely determined in advance, this will cause problems supporting the idea that there is free will. Other ideas that need the thesis of determinism are called fatalism and predestination. +Related pages. + += = = U.S. National Geodetic Survey = = = +National Geodetic Survey, formerly called the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (U.S.C.G.S.), is a United States federal agency that defines and manages a national coordinate system. It measures the land and then draws maps. It also measures magnetic fields and tides. Congress started it in 1807 to draw maps of the coasts. It helps transportation and communication; mapping and charting; and many science and engineering uses. Since 1970, it has been part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), of the United States Department of Commerce. + += = = Battle of Arras (1917) = = = +The Battle of Arras was a battle of the First World War. The battle was a British attack on the German defences near the French city of Arras on the Western Front. The battle started on 9 April 1917. The British Empire troops went quite far forward but they did not achieve a breakthrough. For the amount of ground gained, the British also lost many soldiers. The battle ended on 16 May 1917 and there was a stalemate. + += = = Amish friendship bread = = = +Amish friendship bread is a type of bread or cake made from a sourdough starter that is often shared in a manner similar to a chain letter. The starter is a replacement for baking yeast. It can be used to make many kinds of yeast-based breads, shared with friends, or frozen for future use. The sweet, cake-like Amish cinnamon bread is a common bread that is made from this starter. It is a simple, stirred quickbread. It includes a large amount of sugar and vegetable oil, with a mild cinnamon flavor. It has characteristics of both pound cake and coffee cake. The flavor of the finished product can be changed by not using cinnamon. +A common recipe using this starter uses one cup (240 ml) of it to make bread. A second cup is saved to start a new cycle. The remaining two cups are given to friends. The process of sharing the starter makes it somewhat like a chain letter. One cup of starter makes one standard loaf of bread. +It can also be called German friendship cake, or "Herman" the German friendship cake. +The starter mix can be made from a recipe of flour, water and yeast. One cup of the mixture is then passed to other people who get instructions on how to keep it alive, usually just saying to give it more ingredients as time passes. + += = = Shimotsuke Province = = = + is an old province of Japan in the area of Tochigi Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called or . +The ancient capital city of the province was near Tochigi. +Tokugawa Ieyasu's tomb and shrine is at Nikkō, in Shimotsuke. +History. +In the Nara period, Shimotsuke was part of Keno Province. This was changed in the reforms of the Taihō Code in 701. +Parts of Shimotsuke were held by a several daimyo during the Sengoku period. +Timeline. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Shimotsuke Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Futarasan jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Shimotsuke. + += = = Keno Province = = = +, also known as Kenu, was a very old province of Japan before the Nara period. Keno was in the area of Tochigi Prefecture and Gunma Prefecture. +History. +Kōzuke Province and Shimotsuke Province were known as Keno before the reforms of the Taihō Code in the early 8th century. + += = = Suwa Province = = = + is an old province in the area of Nagano Prefecture on the island of Honshū. The history of the province started in 721 and ended in 731. +History. +Suwa Province was created during the reign of Empress Genshō. +According to "Shoku Nihongi", Suwa only lasted for ten years after it was established in 721. + += = = Ugo Province = = = + is an old province of Japan in the area of Akita Prefecture on the island of Honshū. and some parts of Yamagata Prefecture. Along with Uzen Province, it was sometimes called . The history of the province started in 1868 and ended in 1872. +History. +During the Edo period and early Meiji period, the Satake clan were daimyo in the area. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Ugo Province were reformed in the 1870s. + += = = Uzen Province = = = + is an old province of Japan in the area of Yamagata Prefecture on the island of Honshū. Along with Ugo Province, it was sometimes called . The history of the province started in 1868 and ended in 1872. +History. +During the Edo period and early Meiji period, the Uesugi clan were daimyo in the area. +Copper coins were minted in the province in 1861-1863 ("Bunkyu 1-3"). +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Unzen Province were reformed in the 1870s. + += = = Rikuchū Province = = = + was an old province in the area of Iwate and Akita prefectures on the island of Honshū. Along with Rikuzen Province and Mutsu Province, it was sometimes called . The history of the province started in 1868 and ended in 1872. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Rikuchū Province were reformed in the 1870s. + += = = Sanriku = = = + is a region of Japan. It is on the northeastern side of the island of Honshu. Sanriku combines the area of Aomori, Iwate and parts of Miyagi Prefecture. It was sometimes called . +Sanriku has an irregular coastline with 36 small bays. Each bay focuses impact power of ocean waves. This was shown by the damage caused by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. +History. +In 1869, the provinces of Mutsu and Dewa were divided. +Mutsu was split into new five provinces: Rikuōku, Rikuchū, Rikuzen, Iwashiro and Iwaki. The first three of these collectively known as the "Three Riku", or "Sanriku". +The new provinces were abolished in July 1871; however, the regional name is still in use as the Sanriku Coast from Aomori to the Oshika Peninsula in Miyagi. + += = = Zork I = = = +Zork: The Great Underground Empire - Part I, also known as Zork I, is an interactive fiction video game written by Marc Blank, Dave Lebling, Bruce Daniels and Tim Anderson and published by Infocom in 1980. It was the first game in the popular Zork trilogy and was released for a wide range of computer systems, followed by "Zork II" and "Zork III". It was Infocom's first game, and sold more than 400,000 copies. +Plot. +The player steps into the role of an "adventurer". The game begins near a white house in a small, self-contained area. Although the player is not given any instructions, the house is point of interest. +When the player enters the house through a window, it yields a number of interesting objects: an ancient brass lantern, an empty trophy case, an intricately engraved sword, etc. Beneath a rug a trap door leads down into a dark cellar. But what appears the cellar is actually one of several entrances to an underground area—the Great Underground Empire. The player soon encounters dangerous creatures, including deadly grues, an axe-wielding troll, a giant cyclops and a nimble-fingered thief. +The goal of "Zork I" is to collect the Twenty Treasures of Zork and place them in the trophy case. Finding the treasures requires solving a variety of puzzles such as the navigation of two difficult mazes and some precise controls at Flood Control Dam #3. +Placing all of the treasures into the trophy case scores the player 350 points and grants the rank of "Master Adventurer." An ancient map with further instructions then appears in the trophy case. These instructions provide access to a stone barrow. The entrance to the barrow is the end of "Zork I" and the beginning of "Zork II". +It is possible to score all 350 points in 223 moves (and win the game completely in 228 moves) by exploiting a bug. + += = = Zork II = = = +Zork II: The Wizard of Frobozz is an interactive fiction video game published by Infocom in 1981. It was written by Marc Blank, Dave Lebling, Bruce Daniels and Tim Anderson. It was the second game in the popular Zork trilogy. It begins where "Zork I" left off and leads into "Zork III". It is Infocom's second game. +Plot. +The player starts in the Barrow from Zork I armed only with the brass lantern and the elvish sword. The purpose of the game is not initially clear. +The Wizard of Frobozz is soon introduced. The wizard was once a good sorcerer, but when his powers began to go away he was exiled by Lord Dimwit Flathead. Now bordering on insanity, the wizard is a force to be reckoned with. Your goal, as you venture into the wizard's area, is to avoid his tricks and learn to control his magic. +Like its predecessor, "Zork II" is essentially a treasure hunt. Unlike the previous game, the ten treasures are tied together by a crude plot. Finding the treasures does not end the game, and finding all the treasures is not needed to finish the game. Instead, the adventurer must figure out a way to use the treasures in order to reach the game's finale. + += = = Nature versus nurture = = = +The nature versus nurture debate is about the causes of differences between people. The phrase 'nature versus nurture' was suggested by the Victorian polymath Francis Galton. He was influenced by Darwin's "On the Origin of Species". He investigated the influence of heredity and environment on social advancement. +Galton did not oppose nature to nurture as two alternatives. The phrase 'nature vs nurture' has been criticized for its over-simplification. Almost all writers have realised that both play a part in our make-up. Both nature and nurture play interacting roles in development, and many modern psychologists and anthropologists think the contrast is too simple. + += = = Ramin Djawadi = = = +Ramin Djawadi (born July 19, 1974) is a German-Iranian composer of orchestral music for movies and television. He was born in Duisburg, Germany to an Iranian father and German mother. Djawadi may be best known for his Grammy-nominated, guitar-driven score for "Iron Man" and for the TV series "Prison Break", "Game of Thrones" and "Person of Interest". +Biography. +After graduating summa cum laude from Berklee College of Music in 1998, Djawadi got the attention of Hans Zimmer. Zimmer recruited him to Remote Control Productions. Djawadi moved to Los Angeles and worked as an assistant to Klaus Badelt. He wrote additional music on "The Time Machine", "Basic", "The Recruit" and the blockbuster "". He then worked with Zimmer on the score for "Thunderbirds", "Something's Gotta Give (movieething's Gotta Give" and "Batman Begins". +Djawadi then went out on his own with "", collaborating with The RZA for director David Goyer. This was the beginning of his relationship with Goyer for both movies and television. Djawadi wrote the score for Goyer's horror thriller "The Unborn", which was produced by Michael Bay. he also worked with Goyer on the television series "FlashForward". This earned him his second Emmy nomination. Djawadi also composed the Emmy-nominated theme music for "Prison Break" and the theme for the related show "Breakout Kings". Djawadi's score for the movie "Mr. Brooks" earned him a World Soundtrack Awards “Discovery of the Year” nomination. His other scores include "Deception", starring Hugh Jackman and Ewan McGregor, and Robert Towne's "Ask the Dust". +Djawadi scored the first Sony Animation project, "Open Season" as well as the sequel "Open Season 2". Other animation scores include "The Chubbchubbs Save Xmas". Djawadi's work in these movies got him noticed by the filmmakers of the Belgium-based NWave. They created one of the first animated movies in 3D, "Fly Me to the Moon". Djawadi finished Warner Brothers' "Clash of the Titans" in 2010. Djawadi also scored the soundtrack for the 2010 video game "Medal of Honor" and HBO's fantasy drama "Game of Thrones". +He is currently composing the music for the new J.J. Abrams TV series, "Person of Interest". +His usual orchestrators are Stephen Coleman and Tony Blondal +Influences. +Djawadi stated composers like Danny Elfman and Hans Zimmer as influences. + += = = Feminazi = = = +Feminazi is a word used to criticize the feminist movement or its members. The name was created by American talk-show hosts Bob Black and Rush Limbaugh. Black wrote an essay in 1983 called "Feminism as Fascism". + += = = Jessica-Jane Clement = = = +Jessica-Jane Clement (born 24 February 1985) is a British glamour model, actress and television presenter. She was born and raised in Sheffield, South Yorkshire. She is best known for her role in "The Real Hustle" on BBC Three. She was a contestant in the 2011 series of "I'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here!". + += = = Charlotte Church = = = +Charlotte Church (born Charlotte Maria Reed, 21 February 1986) is a Welsh singer-songwriter, actress and television presenter. She changed her surname when she was adopted by her stepfather. She sings classical music and pop music. She hosted a Channel 4 chat show titled "The Charlotte Church Show". She has two children by rugby player Gavin Henson. +By 2007, she had sold more than ten million records worldwide including over five million in the United States. In 2010 she was reported to be worth as much as £11m (though one 2003 report quoted her worth at £25m). Church released her first album in five years, titled "Back to Scratch", on 17 October 2010. Church has a mezzo-soprano vocal range. +Political activities. +She has became increasingly outspoken on a number of political issues. In May 2015 she joined a demonstration organised by the People's Assembly Against Austerity in Cardiff. At the 2015 Glastonbury Festival she chaired a conversation with two members of Russian feminist punk band Pussy Riot. +In September 2015, she supported Jeremy Corbyn's campaign in the Labour Party leadership election, In 2016, Church along with many other celebrities, toured the UK to support Corbyn's bid to become Prime Minister, and in March 2016, performed at a socialist fundraising event in Edinburgh for Corbyn. But by December 2016, she was calling for him to be replaced by a “fresh face” who was more electable. In May 2016, she declared her support for the Welsh nationalist party, Plaid Cymru in the National Assembly for Wales election. +In January 2017, she took part in a protest in Cardiff about Donald Trump's inauguration as US president. +In February 2024, she was recorded singing for Palestine in response to the attacks of Israel on Gaza after the 7 October attacks of Hamas on Israel. +Church is a supporter of Welsh independence. + += = = Bako Sahakyan = = = +Bako Sahakyan (, sometimes transcribed as "Bako Sahakian" or "Saakian", born August 30, 1960) is the fourth president of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. He replaced Arkadi Ghukasyan, who held the presidential post for two five-year terms. +Biography. +Sahakyan was born in Stepanakert, NKAO, Azerbaijan SSR in 1960. After serving in the Soviet army, he worked for nine years in a Stepanakert factory. In 1990, he joined the Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army, of which he became a deputy commander. In 1999, he was named interior minister of Nagorno-Karabakh. He also led the Nagorno-Karabakh security service from 2001 to June 2007. +Bako Sahakyan is married and has two children. + += = = Arkadi Ghukasyan = = = +Arkadi Ghukasyan () was the third President of the self-proclaimed Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. He was elected as the President on September 8, 1997 and re-elected in 2002, until his term ended on July 19, 2007 and was succeeded by Bako Sahakyan. +Born in Stepanakert, in the Nagorno Karabakh Autonomous Republic of the Azerbaijan SSR on June 22, 1957, he graduated in 1979 from Yerevan State University with a degree in linguistics. He started his working career as a correspondent for "Soviet Karabagh" newspaper, becoming its Deputy Editor-in-Chief in 1981. +In 1991 Ghukasyan was elected to the first Parliament of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. +Ghukasyan has been a member of Nagorno-Karabagk's Security Council since 1993. On July 23, 1993 he became the first Foreign Minister of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. +He survived an assassination attempt in 2000. + += = = Nina Dobrev = = = +Nina Dobrev (born on January 9, 1989 in Sofia, Bulgaria) is a Bulgarian-Canadian actress. She is best known for playing the role of Elena Gilbert and Katherine Pierce on the dramatic television series, "The Vampire Diaries". +Biography. +Nina Dobrev was born on January 9, 1989 in Sofia, Bulgaria to Bulgarian parents. her father is a computer scientist, and her mother is an artist. Her family moved to Canada when she was two years old. She was raised in Toronto, Ontario. Was 20 years old when she started her first show + += = = Pharmaceutical chemistry = = = +Pharmaceutical chemistry or medicinal chemistry is a discipline of chemistry and pharmacology. Medicinal chemistry is interested in finding out about the chemical properties drugs have, and about the synthesis and production of drugs. In general, medicinal chemistry is seen as a specialization of organic chemistry. +Constantin Zwenger (1814-1885) was the person who founded the field of pharmaceutical chemistry. + += = = Relativism = = = +Relativism is the idea that points of view have no absolute truth or validity. They only have relative, subjective value according to viewpoint and circumstances. +Common statements that might be considered relativistic include: +There are many forms of relativism. +The term often refers to "truth relativism", which is the doctrine that there are no absolute truths, i.e., that truth is always relative to some particular frame of reference, such as a language or a culture (cultural relativism). +As "moral relativism", moral principles apply only in a limited context. In context, principles and ethics do hold; out of context they do not. +There are similar ideas in nihilism, scepticism and amoralism. +Various applications. +People who agreed with the idea of relativism include Paul Feyerabend, Isaiah Berlin and Richard Rorty. +The Roman Catholic Church, especially under John Paul II and Pope Benedict XVI, has identified relativism as one of the most significant problems for faith and morals today. +The Church and some philosophers define relativism as the denial of absolute truth. They say that without absolute truth, there can be no moral values. If there are no moral values, there might not be sin, and God may not exist. In their view, relativism constitutes a denial of the capacity of the human mind and reason to arrive at truth. Truth, according to Catholic theologians and philosophers (following Aristotle and Plato) consists of "adequatio rei et intellectus", the correspondence of the mind and reality. Another way of putting it states that the mind has the same form as reality. This means when the form of the computer in front of someone (the type, color, shape, capacity, etc.) is also the form that is in their mind, then what they know is true because their mind corresponds to objective reality. +The denial of an absolute reference, of an "axis mundi," denies God, who equates to Absolute Truth, according to these Christian philosophers. They link relativism to secularism, an obstruction of religion in human life. +Pope Leo XIII (1810–1903) was the first known Pope to use the word relativism in the encyclical Humanum Genus (1884). Leo XIII condemned Freemasonry and claimed that its philosophical and political system was largely based on relativism. + += = = Federica De Bortoli = = = +Federica De Bortoli (born November 9, 1976 in Rome) is an Italian voice actress. She voices characters in anime, cartoons and movies. +De Bortoli provides the voice of the character Bella Swan in the Italian language version of the Twilight movie series. +She works at LaBibi.it, Dubbing Brothers, Sefit - CDC, and other dubbing studios in Italy. + += = = Cheese analogue = = = +Cheese analogues are substitutes of cheese that are made to imitate the taste and the look of real cheese. Such substitutes replace the dairy milk by other plant-based ingredients. The fat in the milk is replaced by other kinds of fat of animal or plant origin. Sometimes the proteins found in milk are also replaced by proteins from other sources. Cheese analogues are usually used because of health reasons, for example lactose intolerance. They are also used as a personal choice (e.g. veganism, or for religious reasons). In most cases, Cheese analogue is kosher. +Cheese analogue cost less to make than real cheese. By carefully choosing the ingredients in the analogue, other characteristics such as the melting temperature and the taste can be changed. Flavour enhancers can be added to make the product taste similar to Parmesan, feta or Camembert cheese, for example. Food coloring is used to match the color of a cheese product. Real cheese undergoes a ripening process, cheese analogues do not have this: Usually, vegetable oil is heated, and mixed with a premade powder and water. Flavour enhancers are added. After cooling, the product is ready for packaging. +In Europe, cheese analogue is used for gastronomy and in bakeries; In the United States, it is marketed as a replacement for real cheese. The arguments used cater to people who do not want to use real cheese for personal reasons, or that cannot use it for health reasons. + += = = Perla Liberatori = = = +Perla Liberatori (born November 10, 1981 in Rome) is an Italian voice actress. She voices characters in anime, cartoons and movies. +Liberatori is well known for providing the voice of both Stella and Chatta in the fantasy animated series "Winx Club".She also voices Celia Hills in the Italian language version Inazuma Eleven anime series. +She is married to voice actor Gianluca Crisafi. Liberatori is also well known for dubbing over many actresses. + += = = Rikuzen Province = = = + is an old province of Japan in the area of Miyagi Prefecture and Iwate Prefecture on the island of Honshū. Along with Rikuchū and Mutsu Provinces, it was sometimes called . The history of the province started in 1868 and ended in 1872. +History. +in 1868, Rikuaen was separated from Mutsu. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Rikuzen Province were reformed in the 1870s. + += = = Danger = = = +Danger (also risk or peril) is the possibility of something bad happening. A situation in which there is a risk of something bad happening, is called "dangerous", "risky" or "perilous". +People often take risks, or do things that might hurt them. An example of this is crossing the road without looking carefully. There is a risk that you might get hit by a car. +Anything that involves a risk of injury or to health can be described as dangerous. Smoking is dangerous to health. Being around some animals is dangerous because they might attack humans. +Measuring danger. +There are a few different ways that danger can be "quantified" - put into numbers. +Probability. +probability measures how dangerous something is. It uses a math equation to find the risk that a certain event might happen. In epidemiology, risk is defined as the number of events that "did" happen, divided by the number of events that "could have" happened. For example, if the risk of babies dying after birth in a population is reported as 1/1000, it means that out of every 1000 babies born, 1 is likely to die. +Risk and prevalence. +Prevalence is the number of people in a population that have a certain disease. +Risk is the number of "new" cases of disease, divided by the number of people who "could" get the disease. For example, during an outbreak of the flu, risk would be the number of people who get the flu, divided by the number of people who were exposed to the flu virus. +Risk assessment. +A risk assessment is a list of things that could go wrong. In many Western countries, when teachers take children on an outing, they may have to fill in a risk assessment form which lists the possible dangers and says what they should do to stop bad things from happening (e.g. accidents or children getting lost). + += = = Dangerous = = = +Dangerous describes something that has danger. It can also mean: + += = = Cadet = = = +A cadet is someone who is training to become an officer in the military, often a person who is a junior trainee. The term comes from the term "cadet" for younger sons of a noble family. + += = = Cognitive dissonance = = = +Cognitive dissonance is a concept in social psychology. It is the discomfort felt by a person who holds conflicting ideas, beliefs or values at the same time. In this state, people may feel surprise, dread, guilt, anger, or embarrassment. Reacting to this unpleasant state, people have a motivational drive to reduce dissonance. Leon Festinger's theory of cognitive dissonance was developed to predict and explain how people reacted to this situation. +Cognitive dissonance theory says that people have a bias to seek consonance between their expectations and reality. According to Festinger, people engage in a process he termed "dissonance reduction". This can be got in one of three ways: +People in dissonance may change their feelings, thoughts or memories so they are less in conflict. However, often they do not, and instead set out to manipulate the social scene around them so that their embarrassment is less. For example, they may try to explain away the dissonance with a wider theory or they may intensify their efforts at persuasion and publicity so that others join them in their beliefs. +Case study. +Festinger's book "When Prophecy Fails" is the story of how a cult leader reacted when her prophecy of doom failed. +Festinger and his associates read an interesting item in their local newspaper: "Prophecy from planet Clarion call to city: flee that flood". The prophecy came from Dorothy Martin (1900–1992), a Chicago housewife who experimented with automatic writing. She had previously been involved with L. Ron Hubbard's Dianetics movement, and her cult incorporated ideas from what was to become Scientology. +The group of believers had taken steps which showed their commitment to the belief. They had left jobs, college, and spouses, and had given away money and possessions. They prepared for their departure on a flying saucer, which was to rescue the group of true believers. She claimed to have received a message from a fictional planet named Clarion. These messages revealed that the world would end in a great flood before dawn on December 21, 1954. +After the failure of the prediction, Dorothy Martin left Chicago after being threatened with arrest and involuntary commitment. She later founded the Association of Sananda and Sanat Kumara. Under the name 'Sister Thedra', she continued to practice channeling and to participate in contactee groups until her death in 1992. The Association is active to this day. +Sequence of events. +Festinger and his colleagues infiltrated Martin's group and reported the following sequence of events: +The experiences supported the idea that the group did have a bias to seek consonance between their expectations and reality. In fact, events had proved conclusively the falsehood of their ideas, but the group rearranged their explanations to give themselves the least psychological pain. + += = = Lime (material) = = = +Lime is a general term for various naturally occurring minerals and materials derived from them in which carbonates, oxides and hydroxides of calcium predominate. +These materials are used in large quantities as building and engineering materials (including limestone products, concrete, and mortar), and as chemical feedstocks, among other uses. The rocks and minerals from which these materials are derived, primarily limestone and chalk, are composed primarily of calcium carbonate. "Burning" (calcination) converts them into the highly caustic material "quicklime" (calcium oxide), and, through the addition of water, into the less caustic, but still strongly alkaline "slaked lime" (calcium hydroxide). +In general writing when the term is used in an agricultural context it probably refers to Agricultural lime. Otherwise it most commonly means slaked lime, as the more dangerous form is usually described more specifically as quicklime or "burnt lime". + += = = Permineralization = = = +Permineralization is a process of fossilization in which mineral deposits form internal casts of organisms. +Minerals in water fill the spaces inside organic tissue. The process gives a record of soft tissue as well as hard tissues. Fossils with permineralization are useful in studying internal structures, especially of plants. +Water from the ground, lakes, or oceans seeps into the pores of organic tissue and forms a crystal cast with deposited minerals. Crystals begin to form in the porous cell walls. This process continues on the inner surface of the walls until the central cavity of the cell, the lumen, is completely filled. The cell walls themselves remain intact surrounding the crystals. Permineralization is different from petrification in that the organic material is only filled with minerals and not completely replaced. Permineralization can occur in several ways: +Types. +Silicification. +Silicification is the most common type of permineralization. +Carbonate mineralization. +Carbonate mineralization occurs as coal balls. Coal balls are fossilizations of plants and their tissues, usually made when there is seawater or acidic peat. This type of fossilization gives information about plant life in the Upper Carboniferous (325 to 280 million years ago). +Pyritization. +Organisms are pyritized when they are in marine sediments saturated with iron sulfides. + += = = MTR Corporation = = = +MTR Corporation Limited is a public transport operator in Hong Kong. + += = = Battle of Plassey = = = +The Battle of Plassey was a major battle that took place on 23 June 1757 at Palashi, Bengal. It was an important British East India Company victory over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies. It was part of the Third Carnatic War, and of the worldwide Seven Years' War in which France and its allies fought Britain and its allies. British victory let the British East India Company take control of the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent. In the next hundred years their area of control grew over the rest of India. +The battle took place at Plassey, Bengal on the river banks of the Bhagirathi-Hooghly River, a distributary of the Ganges. The fighting took place about north of Calcutta. This was near Murshidabad which was the capital of Bengal at the time. Plassey is the anglicised version of Palashi. The battle was between Siraj ud-Daulah, the last independent Nawab of Bengal, and the British East India Company. +The Nawab of Bengal at the period was Siraj-ud-daulah. He: +The following reasons also led to immense anger to the Company causing it declare was over the Bengal Nawabs. +The battle took place after the attack and plunder of Calcutta by Siraj-ud-daulah and the Black Hole of Calcutta tragedy. +The troubles between Siraj-ud-daulah and the British led to the Battle of Plassey. First, the British had strengthened the fortification around the Fort William without telling the Nawab. Secondly, they abused the trade privileges granted to them by the Mughal rulers, which caused heavy loss of customs duties for the government. Third, they gave shelter to some of his officers, for example Krishnadas, son of Rajballav, who fled Dhaka after misappropriating government funds. Hence, when the East India Company started further enhancement of military preparedness at Fort William in Calcutta, Siraj asked them to stop. The Company did not stop, so Siraj-ud Daulah retaliated and captured Kolkata (Shortly renamed as Alinagar) from the British in June 1756. The Nawab gathered his forces together and took Fort William. +The British sent more soldiers under Colonel Robert Clive and Admiral Charles Watson from Madras to Bengal. The British retook control of Calcutta. Clive then took control of the French fort of Chandernagar. The battle was fought during the Seven Years' War (1756–63). The French East India Company sent a small group to fight against the British. Siraj-ud-Daulah had more soldiers and chose to fight at Plassey. The British were worried about having fewer soldiers. They formed a conspiracy with Siraj-ud-Daulah's demoted army leader Mir Jafar as well as others such as Yar Lutuf Khan and Rai Durlabh. Mir Jafar, Rai Durlabh and Yar Lutuf Khan brought their soldiers near Plassey but did not actually join the battle. Siraj-ud-Daulah's army was beaten by about 3,000 soldiers of Col. Robert Clive, and Siraj-ud-daulah fled from the battlefield. +This is thought to be one of the most important battles for the control of the Indian subcontinent by the colonial powers. The British now had influence over the Nawab. They also got a lot of revenue from trade. The British used this revenue to increase their military power. They pushed the other European colonial powers such as the Dutch and the French out of South Asia. This was a sign of the expansion the British Empire in Asia. +As a reward for his treachery, Mir Jafar was made the Nawab of Bengal. Former Nawab Mutsheed Kiki Khan directed all landowners of Bangla, Bihar and odisa +a not to sell any plot of lands to British East India Company. + += = = Txillardegi = = = +José Luis Álvarez Enparantza (27 September 1929 – 14 January 2012) was a Basque linguist, politician and writer. When writing he used the pseudonym Txillardegi. He was born in Donostia, which is called "San Sebastian" in Spanish. Even though he did not learn the Basque language until he was 17, he came to be seen as one of the most influential figures in Basque nationalism and culture in the second half of the 20th century. +Together with some friends he started ETA in 1959, and became responsible for their social and cultural activities. He also was a founding member of Herri Batasuna, the Basque nationalist party. As a linguist, he helped shape the structure and orthography of Standard Basque. + += = = Ken Russell = = = +Henry Kenneth Alfred Russell (3 July 1927 – 27 November 2011) was a British director, screenwriter, producer and actor. He was born in Southampton, Hampshire. He directed "Women in Love" and "The Devils". He was a Roman Catholic. +Russell was a housemate in "Celebrity Big Brother 2007". + += = = Arkady Ter-Tadevosyan = = = +Arkady Ivani Ter-Tadevosyan (; ; May 22, 1939 – March 31, 2021) was an Armenian military leader of the Armenian forces during the Nagorno-Karabakh War. He is best known as the commander of the operation to capture the town of Shushi in May 1992. +He has the rank of major general in the Armenian Army. He attended a military academy in Saint Petersburg and served in the Soviet Army. +Yer-Tadevosyan died on March 31, 2021 in Yerevan at the age of 80. + += = = Nigel Hawthorne = = = +Sir Nigel Barnard Hawthorne CBE (5 April 1929 - 26 December 2001) was a British actor. He was best known for his role as Sir Humphrey Appleby in sitcom "Yes Minister" and its sequel "Yes, Prime Minister". He played the title role as George III in "The Madness of King George". +Life and death. +Hawthorne was born in Coventry, Warwickshire and raised in South Africa. +He was gay; his long-term partner, until his death, was screenwriter Trevor Bentham. +Hawthorne had pancreatic cancer and died of a heart attack in Radwell, Hertfordshire. He was 72 years old. + += = = Sillod = = = +Sillod is a city in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is in the district of Aurangabad. As of the 2001 Indian census, Sillod had a population of 43,859. + += = = Eero Saarinen = = = +Eero Saarinen (August 20, 1910 – September 1, 1961) was a Finnish American architect and industrial designer of the 20th century. He was known for varying his style according to the demands of the project: simple, sweeping, arching structural curves or machine-like rationalism. +Biography. +Eero Saarinen shared the same birthday as his father, Eliel Saarinen. Saarinen emigrated to the United States of America in 1923 at the age of thirteen. He grew up in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, where his father was a teacher at the Cranbrook Academy of Art. He took courses in sculpture and furniture design there. He had a close relationship with fellow students Charles and Ray Eames. He became good friends with Florence Knoll (née Schust). +Beginning in September 1929, he studied sculpture at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière in Paris, France. He then studied at the Yale School of Architecture until 1934. Later, he toured Europe and North Africa for a year and returned for a year to his native Finland. He returned to Cranbrook to work for his father and teach at the academy. He became a naturalized citizen of the U.S. in 1940. Saarinen was recruited by his friend, who was also an architect, to join the military service in the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). Saarinen was assigned to draw illustrations for bomb disassembly manuals and to provide designs for the Situation Room in the White House. Saarinen worked full time for the OSS until 1944. After his father's death in 1950, Saarinen founded his own architect's office, "Eero Saarinen and Associates". Eero Saarinen died of a brain tumor in 1961 at the age of 51. +Personal life. +He married the sculptor Lilian Swann Saarinen. They divorced in 1954. He had two children from his first marriage, Eric and Susan. Saarinen then married Aline Bernstein Louchheim (March 25, 1914 – July 13, 1972), an art critic at "The New York Times". They had a son, Eames, named after his collaborator Charles Eames. +Work. +Furniture. +Saarinen first received critical recognition, while still working for his father, for a chair designed together with Charles Eames for the "Organic Design in Home Furnishings" competition in 1940, for which they received first prize. The "Tulip Chair", like all other Saarinen chairs, was taken into production by the Knoll furniture company, founded by Hans Knoll, who married Saarinen family friend Florence (Schust) Knoll. +During his long association with Knoll he designed many important pieces of furniture including the "Grasshopper" lounge chair and ottoman (1946), the "Womb" chair and ottoman (1948), the "Womb" settee (1950), side and arm chairs (1948–1950), and his most famous "Tulip" or "Pedestal" group (1956), which featured side and arm chairs, dining, coffee and side tables, as well as a stool. All of these designs were highly successful except for the "Grasshopper" lounge chair, which, although in production through 1965, was not a big success. +Buildings. +One of Saarinen's earliest works to receive international acclaim is the Crow Island School in Winnetka, Illinois (1940). +While Saarinen was still working for his father, he took first prize in the 1948 competition for the design of the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, St. Louis. His arch not completed until the 1960s. The competition award was mistakenly sent to his father. +The first major work by Saarinen, in collaboration with his father, was the General Motors Technical Center in Warren, Michigan. It follows the rationalist design Miesian style: incorporating steel and glass, but with the added accent of panels in two shades of blue. The GM technical center was constructed in 1956, with Saarinen using models. These models allowed him to share his ideas with others, and gather input from other professionals. With the success of the scheme, Saarinen was then invited by other major American corporations to design their new headquarters: these included John Deere, IBM, and CBS. Despite their rationality, however, the interiors usually contained more dramatic sweeping staircases, as well as furniture designed by Saarinen, such as the Pedestal Series. In the 1950s he began to receive more commissions from American universities for campus designs and individual buildings; these include the Noyes dormitory at Vassar. Saarinen designed an ice rink, Ingalls Rink, and Ezra Stiles College at Yale University. +He served on the jury for the Sydney Opera House commission and was crucial in the selection of the design by Jørn Utzon. +Saarinen's architectural firm was called "Eero Saarinen and Associates". He was the principal partner from 1950 until his death in 1961. The firm was initially known as "Saarinen, Swansen and Associates", headed by Eliel Saarinen and Robert Swansen from the late 1930s until Eliel's death in 1950. The firm was located in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan until 1961 when the practice was moved to Hamden, Connecticut. Under Eero Saarinen, the firm carried out many of its most important works, including the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial (Gateway Arch) in St. Louis, Missouri, the Miller House in Columbus, Indiana, the TWA Flight Center at John F. Kennedy International Airport that he worked on with Charles J. Parise, and the main terminal of Dulles International Airport near Washington, D.C.. Many of these projects use catenary curves in their structural designs. Saarinen designed one of the best-known thin-shell concrete structures in America, the Kresge Auditorium (MIT). Another thin-shell structure that he created is the Ingalls Rink (Yale University), which has suspension cables connected to a single concrete backbone and is nicknamed "the whale." He is known for the TWA Flight Center, which represents the culmination of his previous designs and demonstrates his expressionism and the technical marvel in concrete shells. +Eero worked with his father, mother and sister designing elements of the Cranbrook campus in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, including the Cranbrook School, Kingswood School, the Cranbrook Art Academy and the Cranbrook Science Institute. Eero's leaded glass designs are a prominent feature of these buildings throughout the campus. +http://www.arkitekturanyc.com/cat3.htm +Saarinen died while undergoing an operation for a brain tumor at the age of 51. His widow, Aline, died of the same disease. His partners, Kevin Roche and John Dinkeloo, completed his ten remaining projects, including the St. Louis Arch. Afterwards, the name of the firm was changed to "Kevin Roche, John Dinkeloo, and Associates", or Roche-Dinkeloo. +Reputation. +Eero Saarinen was elected a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects in 1952. He is also a winner of the AIA Gold Medal. +Saarinen is now considered one of the masters of American 20th Century architecture. There has been more interest in Saarinen's work in recent years, including a major exhibition and several books. This is partly due to the Roche and Dinkeloo office having donated their Saarinen archives to Yale University, but also because Saarinen's work seems to fit in with present-day concerns about pluralism of styles. He was criticized in his own time—most vociferously by critic Vincent Scully—for having no identifiable style; one explanation for this is that Saarinen adapted his modernist vision to each individual client and project, which were never exactly the same. +Works. + Remodelling of the Swedish Theatre, Helsinki (with Jarl Eklund) + Concordia Senior College campus, now Concordia Theological Seminary, Fort Wayne, Indiana + The Law School at the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. + The Miller House, Columbus, Indiana. + Berkshire Music Center, Opera Shed Tanglewood, Massachusetts. +Gateway Arch, St. Louis, Missouri + TWA Terminal at JFK International Airport + Washington Dulles International Airport + Kresge Auditorium and MIT Chapel at MIT + Bell Labs Holmdel Complex in Holmdel, New Jersey + Case Study House #9, the John Entenza House (collaboration with Charles Eames) + CBS Building (Black Rock) New York + Vivian Beaumont Theater in Lincoln Center, New York + General Motors Technical Center, Warren, Michigan + US Embassies in Oslo and London + North Christian Church in Columbus, Indiana + Law School and Woodward Court dormitory (demolished 2002) at the University of Chicago + Kleinhans Music Hall, Buffalo, New York; designed in collaboration with his father Eliel Saarinen + Ezra Stiles College, Morse College, and Ingalls Rink (affectionately known as "The Whale") at Yale University + Noyes House dormitory at Vassar College. Its lounge is affectionately called the Jetsons lounge because of its curved architecture. + Hill College House at the University of Pennsylvania. Originally a women's dormitory, the building was made with a "drawbridge" to symbolically keep men out. + IBM Pavilion, 1964-1965 New York World's Fair + IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York + IBM Rochester, a plant in Rochester, Minnesota + John Deere World Headquarters, Moline, Illinois + The "Tulip chair", popularized by its use on the original "" television series (1966–69). + The "Womb" chair + North Campus, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan + Earl V. Moore Building, housing the University of Michigan School of Music + East Terminal at Ellinikon International Airport, Athens Greece, posthum finished. + Milwaukee County War Memorial Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin + Medbury, Fitch and Harvey Ingham Halls, Quadrangle Dormitories ("The Quads"), Hubbell Dining Hall, and Oreon E. Scott Chapel at Drake University in Des Moines, IA* Firestone Baars Chapel at Stephens College in Columbia, Missouri. + Crow Island School +Related pages. +Thin-shell structureTensile architecture +List of notable brain tumor patients +Further reading. +A&E with Richard Guy Wilson, Ph.D.,(2000). America's Castles: Newspaper Moguls, Pittock Mansion, Cranbrook House & Gardens, The American Swedish Institute. "A&E Television Network". +An exhibition of Saarinen's work, "Eero Saarinen: Realizing American Utopia", has been organized by the Finnish Cultural Institute in New York in collaboration with Yale School of Architecture and the Museum of Finnish Architecture. The exhibition will tour in Europe and the USA from 2006 to 2010. The exhibition is accompanied by the book "Eero Saarinen. Shaping the Future". +In 1973, the Aline and Eero Saarinen papers were donated to the Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, by Charles Alan, Aline Saarinen's brother and executor of her estate. In 2006, these primary source documents on the couple were digitized in their entirely and posted online on the Archives' website. +Other websites. +National Building Museum + += = = Mutsu Province (1868) = = = +, also called was an old province of Japan in the area of Iwate Prefecture and Aomori Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was also known as or . The history of this province started in 1868 and ended in 1872. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Mutsu Province were reformed in the 1870s. + += = = Mutsu Province = = = +, also known as Michinoku,was an old province of Japan in the area of Fukushima, Miyagi, Iwate and Aomori Prefectures on the island of Honshū. It was also known as or . +History. +The boundaries of Mutsu were formally established during the reigns of Empress Genshō and Empress Kōken. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Mutsu Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Tsutsukowake jinja" and "Shiogama jinja" were the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") of Mutsu. + += = = Julius Erving = = = +Julius Winfield Erving II (born February 22, 1950) is a retired American basketball player. He went to Roosevelt High school. He is best known by the nickname Dr. J. Other nicknames include The Doctor and J. W. Erving. Erving helped create the modern style of basketball. Jumping and playing above the rim of the basket became a more important part of the game. +Career. +Erving was the best known player in the American Basketball Association (ABA) when it joined with the NBA in 1976. He won three championships and four Most Valuable Player Awards. He scored the most points in the league three times. He did it while playing with the ABA's Virginia Squires and New York Nets and the NBA's Philadelphia 76ers. +He is the fifth-highest scorer in professional basketball history. He scored 30,026 points (NBA and ABA combined). He was the only player to have been voted Most Valuable Player in both the ABA and the NBA. Erving was named to the NBA's 50th Anniversary All-Time team. In 1993, he was added into the Basketball Hall of Fame. +Many think that Erving is one of the best basketball players ever. He was well known for slam dunking from the free throw line. He was one of the best dunkers of all time. His best known dunk was the "slam" dunk. Since then, this move has become a regular term in basketball and is felt by most the be a basic part of the game. He is also credited with making the "cross-over" dribble and the "no look" pass a part of the game. + += = = Secrets of the Furious Five = = = +Kung Fu Panda: Secrets of the Furious Five is an Annie Award-winning American animated short. It was made by DreamWorks Animation. The movie is a semi-sequel (or spin-off) to the animated movie "Kung Fu Panda". It is a part of the original movie's deluxe DVD release. It was later broadcast on NBC on February 26, 2009. The short is now available as a separate DVD as of March 24, 2009. Also, ever since it was released, the short received positive reviews and won the Annie Award for best animated short. + += = = Steve Coogan = = = +Stephen John Coogan (born 14 October 1965) is a British actor, comedian, writer and television producer. He has played roles in sitcoms and movies. His best known character is Alan Partridge. +Life. +Coogan was born in Middleton, Lancashire and raised in Alkrington. He lives in East Sussex. + += = = Crow Island School = = = +Crow Island School is an elementary school in Winnetka, Illinois. Several architects worked together to design the building. Eero Saarinen worked with the architectural firm of Perkins, Wheeler and Will. The building was finished in 1940. It is different from many other schools because of its design and its ideas about education. Now, kindergarten through fourth grade students go to this school. +The first jungle gym is here. It used to be at the Horace Mann School, but that school building was taken down in 1940. People who ran the school moved this special playground equipment to the Crow Island School then. +The building won the Twenty-five Year Award in 1971. The school was named a National Historic Landmark in 1990. + += = = Rio Grande = = = +The Río Grande, or Río Bravo (del Norte), is a river in the United States and Mexico. The name "Río Grande" means "great river" in Spanish. In Mexico, it is known as "Río Bravo" or "Río Bravo del Norte"; and the Spanish word "bravo" has many meanings, including "brave", "courageous", "rough" or "wild", and "Norte" means "North". The source of the Río Grande is in the San Juan Mountains of the Rocky Mountains range in Colorado. It flows through the U.S. states of Colorado and New Mexico, and Texas, and forms the border between Texas and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas. The Río Grande empties into the Gulf of Mexico. + += = = Biasing = = = +Biasing in electronics is using specific voltages and/or currents at points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point. The operating point of a device, also known as bias point, is the point that shows the direct current, collector-emitter voltage, and the collector current with no input signal. The term is normally used with transistors. + += = = Billy Bunter = = = +William George Bunter (a.k.a. Billy Bunter, the "Fat Owl of the Remove"), is a fictional character created by Charles Hamilton using the pen name "Frank Richards". He featured originally in stories set at Greyfriars School in the boys weekly story paper "The Magnet" first published in 1908, and has since appeared in novels, on television, in stage plays, and in comic strips. + += = = Doda (singer) = = = +Dorota Aqualiteja Rabczewska, nicknamed Doda or Doda Elektroda, (born February 15, 1984, in Ciechanów, Poland) is a famous Polish singer with one of the largest number of awards in Poland. She was first known as a member of the Polish rock band Virgin. After the group disbanded she continued with a solo career releasing an album in 2007 called "Diamond Bitch" and another album "The Seven Temptations" which was released in 2011. She was featured on CNN, as the tenth most famous Pole in history. In 2011 Polish magazine Viva! put her among ten most influential women in Poland. + += = = Snowstar Records = = = +Snowstar Records is an independent Dutch record label based in Utrecht. The label was founded in 2003 by Cedric Muyres. Snowstar is specialised in Indie, singer/songwriter and folk. +History. +Since 2003 Snowstar Records is active in the alternative pop music scene. Initially as a punk rock label operating from Limburg, but the focus shifted to indie, singer/songwriter, folk and americana. Since 2008 the label is based in Utrecht. With the release of I Am Oak, On Claws in 2010 the label obtained a high brand awareness. +Stefan Breuer (band member I Am Oak and Lost Bear) is involved in the production process (recording and mixing) by most of the releases from Snowstar Records, while Tammo kersbergen (also band member I Am Oak and Lost Bear) has provided much of the mastering. +In 2008 Snowstar Record celebrated their fiftieth anniversary with five new releases and a party in DB’s, Utrecht (the Netherlands). +Rest of the World / abroad. +Snowstar is also building on their releases abroad, by working together with foreign labels. +The album from The Secret Love Parade is released in Japan and the albums from I Am Oak in Belgium and Germany. + += = = Akutan Zero = = = +The Akutan Zero, also known as Koga's Zero and the Aleutian Zero, was a type 0 model 21 Mitsubishi A6M Zero Japanese fighter plane. This type of airplane was the Imperial Japanese Navy's most common fighter plane during World War 2. It crashed on Akutan Island, Alaska Territory, during June 1942. It was the first flyable Zero that the United States got during the war. The Americans fixed the plane and test pilots flew it to find out how it worked. American tacticians were able to find ways to defeat the Zero. +Tadayoshi Koga was the pilot. He was a 19-year-old flight petty officer first class. He launched from the Japanese aircraft carrier Ryūjō as part of a June 4 1942 raid on Dutch Harbor, Alaska. Small gun fire cut the oil line in the plane. Without oil, the plane crashed and killed the pilot. The plane did not break apart in the crash. The pilots of other Zero planes flying with Koga thought that he might be alive. Because of this, they did not try to destroy his plane. The Americans got the plane in July. +The Akutan Zero was very important to the American war effort. Some said it may have been "one of the greatest prizes of the Pacific war". Japanese historian Masatake Okumiya thought that losing the Akutan Zero to the Americans was similar to Japan losing the Battle of Midway. He said it made Japan lose the war sooner. On the other hand, John Lundstrom is among those who do not agree with "the contention that it took dissection of Koga's Zero to create tactics that beat the fabled airplane". +The Akutan Zero was destroyed in a training accident in 1945. Parts of the plane are kept in several museums in the United States. + += = = Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act = = = +The Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act (37th United States Congress, Sess. 2., ch. 126, ) was a federal law. A very disputed subject in the 1860s the act banned men having more than one wife at the same time (bigamy). It also limited the amount of property that a church and non-profit could own in any territory of the United States to $50,000. Justin Smith Morrill of Vermont sponsored it. President Abraham Lincoln signed it on July 8, 1862. +History. +The act wanted to stop the Mormon practice of plural marriage and the property dominance of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the Utah Territory. The measure had no funds allocated for enforcement. Lincoln chose not to enforce this law. Instead, Lincoln gave Brigham Young tacit permission to ignore the Morrill Act in exchange for not becoming involved with the Civil War. General Patrick Edward Connor, commanding officer of the federal forces garrisoned at Fort Douglas, Utah beginning in 1862 was explicitly instructed not to confront the Mormons over this or any other issue. +In 1878 the Supreme Court ruled in "Reynolds v. United States" that religious duty was not a suitable defense for breaking this law. Many Mormons went into hiding. The Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act was amended in 1882 by the Edmunds Act, and then again in 1887 by the Edmunds–Tucker Act. By 1904, the LDS church stopped bigamy. + += = = Ōmi Province = = = + is an old province of Japan in the area of Shiga Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was also known as . +The ancient capital city of the province was near Ōtsu. +Lake Biwa in Ōmi is Japan's largest lake. +History. +In the Kamakura period, Hōjō Tokimasa was made daimyo of Ōmi in 1200 ("Shōji 2"). +In the Sengoku Period, the northern part of the province was the fief of Ishida Mitsunari. After the Battle of Sekigahara, Ōmi was controlled by the Ii clan who built the castle and town of Hikone. +In the Edo period, the Tōkaidō road was the main route between the Imperial capital at Kyoto and the main city of the Tokugawa Shogunate. The road passed through Ōmi. +Eight of the 69 Stations of the Nakasendō were in Ōmi. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Ōmi Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Takebe taisha" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Ōmi. +"Enryaku-ji" is one of the most important Buddhist centers. The monastery is on Mount Hiei ("Hieizan"). + += = = Iwashiro Province = = = + is an old province in the area of Fukushima Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was sometimes called . The history of the province started in 1868 and ended in 1872. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Iashiro Province were reformed in the 1870s. + += = = Iwase Province = = = + is an old province in the area of western Fukushima Prefecture on the island of Honshū. The history of the province started in 718 and ended in 722 or 724. +History. +Iwase Province was created during the reign of Empress Genshō. +The province was established in 718. The area of the province reverted to Mutsu some time between 722 and 724. + += = = Grover = = = +Grover is a blue Muppet character on the popular television show "Sesame Street". He calls himself lovable, cute and furry. He is a monster who rarely uses contractions when speaking or singing. +Grover was first performed by Frank Oz. He provided the character's voice regularly from his earliest appearances until 2001. Eric Jacobson began performing Grover in 1998. He has performed the character regularly since 2002, although Oz still performs him some times. +Grover's birthday is October 14. + += = = Mr. Johnson (Sesame Street) = = = +Mr. Johnson is a character in "Sesame Street". He is Grover's regular customer at Charlie's Restaurant and other restaurants as well. He is a fat Anything Muppet who has become increasingly frustrated over the years with the service Grover provides (however, in the earlier skits, the situation was reversed, Mr. Johnson was calm, but Grover was the one who would get exasperated). Mr. Johnson was mainly performed by Jerry Nelson, and is mostly seen as a customer at Charlie's Restaurant. Mr. Johnson is always called "Sir" politely by Grover. + += = = Vernon Rudolph = = = +Vernon Carver Rudolph (June 30, 1915, Marshall County, Kentucky - August 16, 1973) was the founder of Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, Inc. +Rudolph was the oldest of two boys who were born to Plumie and Rethie Rudolph. As he got older, he began to help in the general store that his father owned. When he graduated from high school, he went to Paducah, Kentucky with his uncle. In 1933, Rudolph's uncle bought a doughnut shop and recipe for yeast-raised donuts. He bought them from a French federal employee named Joe La-beau. This all happened during the middle of the great depression, so they moved to Nashville, Tennessee to see if they could get better business there and secure their financial future. + += = = Haemocyanin = = = +Haemocyanin (or hemocyanin) is a protein which transports oxygen in the bodies of some invertebrates. Their active centre has two copper atoms which reversibly bind a single oxygen molecule (O2). Unlike the hemoglobin in red blood cells found in vertebrates, hemocyanins are not bound to blood cells. The molecules are carried in the haemolymph. +Hemocyanins are found only in the Mollusca and Arthropoda. However, the molecule is used only in a few insects. This is because insects evolved another system: the direct transfer of oxygen to tissues by a system of tubes called trachea. This delivers oxygen direct to the wing muscles and other organs. + += = = Cirrina = = = +Cirrina is one of the two suborders of octopus. Cirrina is also known as the finned, deep sea octopus. They have two fins on the head and a small internal shell. The paddle shaped fins help the Cirrina swim through the ocean. + += = = Spermatophore = = = +A spermatophore is a sperm packet used by invertebrates. + += = = Hectocotylus = = = +A hectocotylus is a modified arm used to by male cephalopods to put sperm on females. + += = = Linear programming = = = +Linear programming or Linear optimisation is a field of mathematics that deals with finding optimal values or solutions that can be described with linear equations and inequalities. Very often this involves finding the minimal or maximal values, given some conditions, or constraints. Linear programming is often used for problems where no exact solution is known, for example for planning traffic flows. Linear programming is one of the main methods used in Operations research. Linear optimization is a special case of Convex optimization. It forms the basis for several methods of solving problems of Integer programming. In many cases, the solutions of linear programs can be mapped to Polyhedra, which allows solving and modelling certain problems geometrically. +In the case of linear programming, the word "programming" should be seen as "planning"; George Dantzig coined the term in the 1940s, long before computers were used to solve such problems. Looking at the information theory complexity, linear programming problems are simple, and can be solved efficiently using algorithms such as the interior point method. In many cases, the Simplex algorithm developed by Dantzig has proven to be very fast, even though its complexity is exponential, in the worst case. +Leonid Kantorovich developed the first methods of linear programming in 1939. + += = = Xtranormal = = = +Xtranormal is a website that hosts text-to-speech based computer animated videoclips, featuring animated three-dimensional characters speaking in monotone computer voices. Users who log into the site may create videos by scripting the dialog and choosing from a menu of camera angles and predesigned characters and scenes. Xtranormal videos may also be created through an interface on the Youtube web site, and Xtranormal's animation software, called State, may be downloaded free and run offline. +Xtranormal launched in June 2010, after four years of earlier software development. Although it was originally intended as a way for filmmakers to quickly produce storyboards, its emphasis shifted towards satires of workplace misbehavior after one of its videos, about a cellphone salesman, went viral. +In 2010, the short movie "Sleeping with Charlie Kaufman" by director J. Roland Kelly, animated entirely with Xtranormal, premiered at the Little Rock Film Festival and was shown at The Rome International Film Festival in Rome, Georgia. Xtranormal videos form a recurring feature on the late night Fox talk show Red Eye w/ Greg Gutfeld, and have been featured as part of a GEICO advertising campaign.On July 31, 2013, Xtranormal was shut down officially. + += = = Holly G. Frankel = = = +Holly G. Frankel (born July 13, 1979), also known as Holly Gauthier-Frankel, is an American voice actress, singer, and Burlesque dancer. +She is the daughter of Ron Frankel and Mary Lou Gauthier. Frankel is best known being the voice of Fern in "Arthur", "Sagwa, the Chinese Siamese Cat", Teri in later episodes of "What's with Andy?", Loulou in "Wimzie's House", and Flora in the Cinélume's English dub of Winx Club. She is also known for her alter-ego as burlesque performer Miss Sugarpuss. + += = = Shimōsa Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Chiba Prefecture and Ibaraki Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was also known as or . +The province had borders with Kazusa Province to the south, Musashi and Kōzuke Provinces to the west, and Hitachi and Shimotsuke Provinces to the north. +History. +Shimōsa was part of a larger territory known as . Fusa which was divided into Kazusa and Shimōsa during the reign of Emperor Kōtoku (645-654). +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Shimōsa Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Katori jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Shimōsa. + += = = Ricky Gervais = = = +Ricky Dene Gervais (born 25 June 1961) is an English actor, comedian, director and writer. +Gervais was born and raised in Reading, Berkshire, England. He was half of 1970s New Wave duo Seona Dancing. He is known for television series including "The 11 O'Clock Show", "The Office", "Meet Ricky Gervais", "Extras", "An Idiot Abroad", "Life's Too Short" and "Derek". He wrote a children's book, "Flanimals". He has performed stand-up shows "Animals", "Politics", "Fame" and "Science". He has starred in movies: "Ghost Town", "The Invention of Lying" and "Cemetery Junction". He has won seven BAFTA awards and two Emmy awards. +Gervais hosted the Golden Globe Awards in 2010, 2011 and 2012. +Personal life. +He is an atheist. He lives between Hampstead, England, and New York City with his partner, producer and author Jane Fallon. Gervais has said that they aren't going to get married because "there's no point in us having an actual ceremony before the eyes of God because there is no God". They have also chosen not to have children. + += = = Pino Presti = = = +Pino Presti (pseudonym of Giuseppe Prestipino Giarritta, is an Italian bass player, arranger, composer, conductor, record producer, born 23 August 1943, in Milan. He is a 5th-dan black belt in Shotokan Karate. +Presti, son of an accomplished violinist, Arturo Prestipino Giarritta, has been studying music since the age of 6. He was seventeen years old when he first entered the music business. Presti started as a bass guitar player, than gradually began as an arranger, a composer, an orchestra conductor and a producer. Among his collaborations in different genres of music like jazz, pop, funk, soul, we can find great names such as Mina (the most famous Italian pop singer), Gerry Mulligan, Ástor Piazzolla (the bassline in the famous composition "Libertango" belongs to him), Quincy Jones, Wilson Pickett, Shirley Bassey, Maynard Ferguson, Franco Cerri, Stéphane Grappelli, Aldemaro Romero and many others. He is considered one of the most important Italian arrangers/conductors. +Martial Arts. +Presti has trained in Shotokan karate and Goshindo under master Hiroshi Shirai from 1967 to 1985. He has also trainded on several occasions under other famous Japanese masters such as Taiji Kase, Hidetaka Nishiyama, Keinosuke Enoeda, Takeshi Naito, Hideo Ochi. Presti holds a fifth degree black belt obtained n Rome, in 1987. + += = = Gerry Mulligan = = = +Gerald Joseph "Gerry" Mulligan (April 6, 1927 – January 20, 1996) was an American jazz saxophonist, clarinetist, composer and arranger. He was born in New York City. +Though Mulligan is primarily known as one of the leading baritone saxophonists in jazz history – playing the instrument with a light and airy tone in the era of cool jazz – he was also a notable arranger, working with Claude Thornhill, Miles Davis, Stan Kenton, and others. Mulligan's pianoless quartet of the early 1950s with trumpeter Chet Baker is still regarded as one of the more important cool jazz groups. Mulligan was also a skilled pianist and played several other reed instruments. Mulligan reportedly had a relationship with actress Judy Holliday until she died in 1965, and with actress Sandy Dennis from 1965 until they broke up in 1976. +Mulligan died of problems caused by knee surgery while suffering from liver cancer on January 20, 1996 at a hospital in Darien, Connecticut at the age of 68. + += = = Cedar = = = +Cedar (scientific name "Cedrus") is a genus of cone-bearing trees in the plant family "Pinaceae". They are native to the mountains of the western Himalaya and the Mediterranean region. They are found at heights of in the Himalaya and in the Mediterranean. +Cedars are trees up to (occasionally ) tall. They have spicy-scented wood, thick ridged or square-cracked bark, and broad, level branches. The shoots are of two kinds, long shoots, which form the framework of the branches, and short shoots, which carry most of the leaves. The leaves are evergreen and needle-like, 8–60 mm long, arranged in an open spiral on long shoots, and in dense spiral clusters of 15–45 together on short shoots; they vary from bright grass-green to dark green to strongly glaucous pale blue-green, depending on the thickness of the white wax layer which protects the leaves from drying out. The female seed cones are barrel-shaped, 6–12 cm long and 3–8 cm broad, green at first, then maturing grey-brown, and, as in Abies, disintegrate when mature to release the winged seeds. The seeds are 10–15 mm long, with a 20–30 mm wing; as in Abies, the seeds have 2–3 blisters, containing an unpleasant-tasting resin, thought to be a defence against squirrels eating them. Cones take one year to mature, with pollination in autumn and the seeds maturing the same time a year later. The male pollen cones are slender, egg-shaped, 3–8 cm long, produced in late summer and shedding pollen in autumn. +Naming of species. +Cedar cones have a similar structure to fir cones. For many years in the past, experts thought they were closely related. Modern scientific investigation has shown that they belong to the same family but are not closely related. +There are several types of cedars and experts cannot agree how they are related. Some scientists put them all in one group while others separate them into different groups. +These are the names of the different kinds of cedars: + += = = Mina (singer) = = = +Anna Maria Quaini, (née Mazzini; born 25 March 1940), known as Mina, is an Italian pop singer. She was a staple of Italian television variety shows. She was also a popular person in Italian pop music from the mid-1960s to mid-1970s. She was known for her three-octave vocal range, her soprano voice, and her image as an emancipated woman. + += = = Maynard Ferguson = = = +Maynard Ferguson (May 4, 1928 – August 23, 2006) was a Canadian jazz musician and bandleader. He was born in Verdun, Quebec. He came to prominence playing in Stan Kenton's orchestra, before forming his own band in 1957. He was noted for being able to play accurately in a remarkably high register, and for his bands, which served as stepping stones for up-and-coming talent. He died in Ventura, California. + += = = Ibirapuera Park = = = +Ibirapuera Park is a major urban park in São Paulo, Brazil. It has a large area for leisure, jogging and walking, as well as a convention center. + += = = Marion Strecker = = = +Marion Strecker (b. São Paulo, October 17, 1960) is a Brazilian journalist, photographer and businessperson. She is known as one of the pioneers of the Internet industry in South America. Since 2011 she has been living in San Francisco, California, and working as an Editor-at-Large for UOL. UOL is the major content portal in Brazil. Since 2010, she has also been a columnist for Folha de S.Paulo, the largest newspaper in Brazil. She writes in the Market section about technology, innovation and behavior. +Strecker is one of the founders of UOL. She was the Content VP of the company from 1996 until 2011. UOL soon became a very large website. It reached about 70% of the online audience in Brazil with news, entertainment and services. +Before joining the team that founded UOL, Marion Strecker worked at Folha de S.Paulo from 1984 to 1996. She was a writer, an art critic, editor of the cultural section, planning coordinator, reporter, director of the archives and director of the Folha News Agency. Strecker was one of the authors of the “Folha Newsroom Manual”. +After coordinating the Digitization of the Newspaper Archives Project in the early 90s, Strecker led a team that created many high tech products. These included like audiotext services (1993), the newspaper’s full text yearly CD-ROMs (1994-96) and a system similar to a BBS. This system gave all the Folha de S.Paulo journalists and foreign correspondents access to the archives online, using telephone lines and microcomputers. Because of this work, Strecker was given the Folha Award on Journalism, Special Category, in 1995. +She also led the team which created the first website for Folha’s Media Group in Brazil. It was first used on 9 July 1995. Later that year, Strecker created the first content team for the launch of UOL in April 1996. UOL soon became the leader in the Brazilian internet market. +Since the 80s, she has written for several magazines and also spoken at many seminars and conferences in Brazil, United States and Europe. In the 90s she had a short career as a Professor of New Technologies for Communication at Casper Libero College of Journalism in São Paulo. +Early in her career as a journalist, Strecker was a writer and a co-editor with Lisette Lagnado of “Arte em São Paulo”. This is a magazine founded by the Brazilian painter Luiz Paulo Baravelli, about the visual arts. +Strecker holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Social Communication from PUC (Pontific Catholic University of São Paulo). Before working in journalism and online media, Strecker was a music teacher and a performer. +Strecker is married to the Brazilian journalist Mario Cesar Carvalho. They have two children, Theo and Helena. + += = = Oscar Pettiford = = = +Oscar Pettiford (September 30, 1922 – September 8, 1960) was an American jazz bassist, cellist and composer. He was known for his pioneering work in bebop. + += = = Rick Jones (voice actor) = = = +Richard "Rick" Jones (born June 23, 1957) is an Canadian director, writer, content developer, voice actor, actor, and comedian. He was the voice of Fu-Fu in "Sagwa, the Chinese Siamese Cat". +Since 1982, he's worked with Fox, Disney, Universal, Hanna-Barbera, Cartoon Network, Nickelodeon, Kids' WB, Alphanim, Cinar and Nelvana. Jones has been nominated for a Gemini Award twice in 1985 and 2003. +He also was known for being the voice of Slax in "X-DuckX", and Razmo in "Ratz". He also played Keisha's dad in 1990 Ivan Reitman film "Kindergarten Cop". +Early life. +He was born Richard Jones. + += = = No Motherland Without You = = = +No Motherland Without You is a North Korean song. It is the signature song of Kim Jong-il. The song tells of the talent and virtues of Jong-il, and the attachment of the Korean people for him. The song's chorus is "We cannot exist without you, Comrade Kim Jong-il! The motherland cannot exist without you!" It is also thought to be the anthem of Songun politics because Jong-il started the Songun (military-first) policy of North Korean politics in 1995. It is often broadcast on the radio and from loudspeakers on the streets of Pyongyang. +Lyrics. +The civil lyrics use the phrase "�����" ("Comrade Kim Jong-il") to refer to the son of Kim Il-sung. The military version of the song refers to the North Korean leader as "�����" (transl. "Gim Jeong-il jang-gun"; eng. "General Kim Jong-il") because he was the Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army since 1991. The lyrics used by the Korean Workers' Party are as follows: + += = = List of World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom = = = +The List of World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom is a group of places chosen by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. +There are 30 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom and overseas territories. The UNESCO list has eighteen properties in England (the Frontiers of the Roman Empire is shared with Germany), five in Scotland, three in Wales, one in Northern Ireland, and one in each of the overseas territories of Bermuda, the Pitcairn Islands, and Saint Helena. +History. +UNESCO was created for the "conservation and protection of the world’s inheritance of books, works of art and monuments of history and science". The constitution of UNESCO was ratified in 1946 by 26 countries, including the United Kingdom. +The UK contributes £130,000 annually to the World Heritage Fund which finances the preservation of sites in developing countries. Some locations have many sites that have a common geographical location or cultural history. +List. +The World Heritage list has developed over time. It is part of a process; and the list continues to grow. +The United Kingdom National Commission for UNESCO advises the British government on policies dealing with UNESCO. The British government is responsible for maintaining its World Heritage Sites. +Original list. +The first sites in the UK to be added to the World Heritage List, in 1986, were: +The latest site to be added was Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and Canal in 2009. +Criteria. +There are 10 criteria for a site to be able to be added to the list. World Heritage Site selection criteria i–iv are culturally based. selection criteria vii–x are natural criteria. Twenty-three properties are listed as "cultural". Four are listed as "natural". One is listed as "mixed", which means that the site is notable for both natural and cultural criteria. This is similar to the proportions of all World Heritage Sites. Of the 890 sites on the World Heritage List, 77.4% are cultural, 19.8% are natural, and 2.8% are mixed. St Kilda is the only mixed World Heritage Site in the UK. At first, it was added to the list because of its natural habitats. +In 2005, the crofting community that once was part of the archipelago was added to the site. The natural sites are the Dorset and East Devon Coast, Giant's Causeway and Causeway Coast, Gough and Inaccessible Islands and Henderson Island. The rest are cultural. +As of 2020, there are 30 places in the United Kingdom which are on the World Heritage List. +There are 13 sites which are on a tentative list. +Tentative list. +The Tentative List is an inventory of important heritage and natural sites that a country is considering for inscription on the World Heritage List, thereby becoming World Heritage Sites. The Tentative List can be updated at any time, but inclusion on the list is a prerequisite to being considered for inscription within a five- to ten-year period. +The UK's Tentative List was last updated on 25 July 2014, and consisted of 11 sites. The properties on the Tentative List are as follows: +Many other favorite sites were left out this time, including + += = = Amy Tan = = = +Amy Tan (born February 19, 1952) is an American writer. Her works deal with mother-daughter relationships. Her most well-known work is "The Joy Luck Club". It has been translated into 35 languages. In 1993, a movie was made based on the book. +Tan has written several other novels. These include "The Kitchen God's Wife", "The Hundred Secret Senses", "The Bonesetter's Daughter" and "Saving Fish from Drowning". She also wrote a collection of non-fiction essays entitled "The Opposite of Fate: A Book of Musings." Her novel "Saving Fish from Drowning" explores the problems dealt with by a group of people who disappear while on an art expedition in the jungles of Burma. Tan has also written two children's books: "The Moon Lady" (1992) and "Sagwa, the Chinese Siamese Cat" (1994). "Sagwa" was turned into an animated series which aired on PBS. She also appeared on PBS in a short spot encouraging children to write. +She is a child of Chinese immigrants: John and Daisy Tan. + += = = Barriga de Aluguel = = = +Barriga de Aluguel is a Brazilian historical telenovela. It was first shown in 1990. The series starred Cláudia Abreu, Cássia Kiss and Victor Fasano. + += = = Stop Online Piracy Act = = = +The Stop Online Piracy Act or SOPA was a proposed American law to stop copyright infringement on the Internet. +The Internet community had major discussion over it in 2011 and 2012, but the bill was not passed. Some experts said the proposed changes to the internet would have worldwide effects. +Many critics said it would have bad unintended consequences. +Protest. +Some people and businesses supported the new law. Others were alarmed. Supporters worried that current copyright laws are not effective in shutting down piracy websites. The opponents worried that it is a kind of censorship. It is hard to tell which side is correct because the language in the law is still being written. +The English Wikipedia masked most of its pages with a banner on January 18, 2012. They used JavaScript to do this, which means that people could avoid the banner by just disabling JavaScript in their browser. The Wikipedia blackout is intended to spotlight the value of open access to information on the Internet. +Other websites joined protests against SOPA. For example, Google put up a black censor board in front of its logo. +Many critics questioned the value and likely effects of the protests. Some people questioned the timing of the protests. + += = = Buffalo gourd = = = +Buffalo gourd ("Cucurbita foetidissima"), also known as the buffalo gourd, calabazilla, chilicote, coyote gourd, fetid gourd, fetid wild pumpkin, Missouri gourd, prairie gourd, stinking gourd, wild gourd, and wild pumpkin is a small plant in the "Cucurbitaceae" family, related to squash. + += = = Loyalist (American Revolution) = = = +Loyalists were people in the Thirteen Colonies who opposed the American Revolutionary War. They were also called Tories. They fought with the British against the Continental Army and Continental Congress that they felt was oppressing them. In many areas, Loyalists were treated very roughly by revolutionaries (who often called themselves "Patriots"). Tory lands and other properties were taken away, and sometimes they were put into jail or even killed. Some formed militias, fighting along with the British Army against the rebels. +After the war, many Loyalists sought asylum in Canada to escape the new United States and to stay loyal to King George and the British Empire. +Loyalists came from all walks of life. The majority were small farmers, artisans and shopkeepers. Not surprisingly, most British officials remained loyal to the Crown. Wealthy merchants tended to remain loyal, as did Anglican ministers, especially in Puritan New England. Loyalists also included some blacks (to whom the British promised freedom), Indians, indentured servants and some German immigrants, who supported the Crown mainly because George III was of German origin. +The number of Loyalists in each colony varied. Recent estimates suggest that half the population of New York was Loyalist; it had an aristocratic culture and was occupied throughout the Revolution by the British. In the Carolinas, back-country farmers were Loyalist, whereas the Tidewater planters tended to support the Revolution. +During the Revolution, most Loyalists suffered little from their views. However, a minority, about 19,000 Loyalists, armed and supplied by the British, fought in the conflict. +The Paris Peace Treaty required Congress to restore property confiscated from Loyalists. The heirs of William Penn in Pennsylvania, for example, and those of George Calvert in Maryland received generous settlements. In the Carolinas, where enmity between rebels and Loyalists was especially strong, few of the latter regained their property. In New York and the Carolinas, the confiscations from Loyalists resulted in something of a social revolution as large estates were parceled out to yeoman farmers. +About 100,000 Loyalists left the country, including William Franklin, the son of Benjamin, and John Singleton Copley, the greatest American painter of the period. Most settled in Canada. Brantford, Ontario for example was started by Iroquois refugees. Some eventually returned, although several state governments excluded the Loyalists from holding public office. Most of the Black Loyalists left, as they faced re-enslavement if they remained in the USA. In the decades after the Revolution, Americans preferred to forget about the Loyalists. Apart from Copley, the Loyalists became nonpersons in American history. + += = = LaMarcus Aldridge = = = +LaMarcus Aldridge (born July 19, 1985) is an American basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the NBA. He plays both the forward and center positions. He played college basketball at the University of Texas at Austin. He is known or his smooth turn-around jump shot, which is hard to block since he is so tall and long. He has been chosen as an all-star for the past three years. In 2014, he helped the Portland Trail Blazers win a playoff series for the first time in many years. + += = = Collatz conjecture = = = +The Collatz conjecture is a conjecture (an idea which many people think is likely) in mathematics. It is named after Lothar Collatz. He first proposed it in 1937. It is about what happens when something is done repeatedly (over and over) starting at some positive integer "n": +The conjecture states that if "n" is positive, "n" will always reach one. +The problem is verified for all numbers below formula_2 by computer. +Here is an example sequence: +Debate. +Many mathematicians argue over if it is really true. Numbers in the quadrillions have been tested but it has still remained true. However, this is still very less compared to another conjecture that had been proved false in 1978. There are two outcomes where it is false: a number keeps growing towards infinity, or an extremely large number forms its own loop. + += = = Folketing = = = +The Folketing () is the national parliament of Denmark. The name means "People's thing" (a "thing" in this case is a governing assembly). It is the highest legislative body in the Kingdom of Denmark and decides most of the laws for Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands. The Folketing meets in Christiansborg Palace, in the Danish capital, Copenhagen. 179 members sit in the Folketing (175 from Denmark, 2 from Greenland and 2 from the Faroe Islands) and are democratically elected. +Greenland and the Faroe Islands also have their own, less powerful, parliaments and are allowed to make some laws on their own. +The Folketing is where many political parties in Denmark meet to discuss important issues affecting Danish people, and to pass laws they agree on. The Folketing is also where the Government of Denmark is formed, when several parties who are in agreement decide to join together and form a coalition government (the parties forming a government must have over half of the total members of the Folketing; a majority). The voting system used in Denmark is proportional, meaning the distribution of seats reflects the distribution of votes. This means that many parties and different political views are represented, including some extreme views. +The leader of the Folketing is the "Speaker" who sits at the front. The members sit in front of the speaker in the shape of a semicircle. +From 1849 to 1953, the Folketing was one of the two houses in a parliament. It was known as the "Rigsdag". The other house was known as the "Landsting". The members of the Folketing included farmers, traders and merchants. The Landsting was made up of the rich members of society. It included the nobility. These members were chosen by the King to become members. In 1953 the Landsting was gotten rid of. This left the Folketing as the only house of parliament. The Rigsdag became the Folketing. +Latest election. +The most recent general election took place on 15 September 2011. +The centre-right coalition that was in power before the election, led by the "Liberal Party", lost to a centre-left coalition led by the "Social Democrats". The Social Liberal Party and the Socialist People's Party became part of the three-party government, which holds 89 seats in the Folketing. + += = = Neutrophil = = = +Neutrophils are the most common type of white blood cell, often called neutrophil granulocytes. They destroy bacteria (and other parasites like fungi) during an infection. They get to the site of an injury within minutes. They have tiny granules full of enzymes and peptides which chop up the bacteria after they have taken them in. +The process of taking in bacteria is called phagocytosis. The bacteria end up in a vacuole inside the neutrophil. The enzymes then get to work on destroying the bacteria. Neutrophils are an important part of the body's immune system. They are a kind of granulocyte, and have a short life-span of a couple of days. + += = = Adrenoleukodystrophy = = = +Adrenoleukodystrophy is a disease that is linked on the X chromosome. It is a result of fatty acid digestive enzymes not breaking up the fats. These fats build up in the brain. They damage the myelin that surrounds nerves. This can cause seizures and hyperactivity. It can also cause problems with speaking, listening and understanding verbal instructions. +About 1 in 17,000 people are born with a genetic disease called adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD). This severe brain disorder mainly affects boys and men. There’s no cure yet for it, but a diagnosis early in life may keep it from getting worse. +ALD Symptoms. +Symptoms of ALD often begin between the ages of 4 and 10 but can also present much later in life. ALD symptoms include: + += = = Marussia Motors = = = +Marussia Motors ( [ma �rusja]) is a Russian sports car manufacturer which started making cars in 2007. They were the first sports cars to be made in Russia. It has designed, developed and built the B1 and the B2 sport cars. The Marussia B1 was launched on the 16 December, 2008 in the new Manege hall in Moscow. The company's first showroom opened in Moscow on 10 September, 2010. +Marussia is led by former racing driver Nikolay Fomenko. In 2010, it bought the Virgin Racing Formula One team. This will be renamed the Marussia F1 Team for the 2012 Formula One racing season. + += = = European windstorm = = = +A European windstorm is an extratropical cyclone that affects Europe. They are normally caused by areas of low atmospheric pressure that move across the North Atlantic towards northwestern Europe. They are most common in the winter months. Low pressure areas are common over the North Atlantic. They sometimes start as nor'easters off the New England coast. They usually move past the north coasts of the British Isles to the Norwegian Sea. When they move south, they can affect almost any country in Europe. These most often affect Britain, Ireland, Norway, the Faroe Islands and Iceland. They can affect any country in central, northern and western Europe. +These storms cause economic damage of €1.9 billion each year. They cause insurance costs of €1.4 billion yearly (1990–1998). Only US hurricanes cause more insurance costs of all natural disasters. + += = = Euston Arch = = = +The Euston Arch was an archway built at the front of Euston railway station in London. It was built in 1837 by the London and Birmingham Railway. The people in charge of the new and modern railway wanted passengers to have a good feeling about the station. They built the large arch as a gate in front of the station to attract attention. +Four columns supported the arch. The outside two columns were plain and square. The inside two were circular and decorated in the Doric style. This Doric style gave the arch its common name of "The Doric Arch". +Originally, the words "London and Birmingham Railway" marked the top of the gate. In 1870, the letters EUSTON in gold were carved into the beam across the tops of the four columns. This railway company had joined other companies to form the London and North Western Railway. This new company did not want passengers to use the old name. It changed the name of the arch from the company name to the station name. +Demolition. +In 1960s, Britain was modernising the railways. Diesel locomotives were replacing of steam locomotives. Overhead electric wires were added to the important line from Euston Station in London to the North West of England. The old Euston station was also to replaced. The railway added more platforms and more space at the front of the station for cars. By 1961 the Arch had been removed. +Birmingham. +The Northern station of the railway was at Curzon Street in Birmingham. That station was decorated with large pillars too and it still stands today. The columns at Curzon Street are Ionic instead of Doric. This means that the columns are plain, not fluted. + += = = Social Security Income = = = +SSI or social security income is a type of government check that is given to those in the United States with some type of disability. Those who are above age 65 are automatically qualified to receive SSI benefits. However, children who have a disability can also qualify for SSI benefits. In all cases with children, they can receive SSI until the age of 18 (when they finish school). Some children continue to receive SSI if their disability worsens, or if they continue to develop more disabilities. When a child reaches the age of 18, they are evaluated by a professional physiatrist. The physiatrist asks several questions ranging from their moods to how they are doing in their life. The evaluation also consists of several mental work problems that are based on decision-making. At the end of the evaluation, the physiatrist will determine if the child is still disabled or has more disabilities. +There has been mixed to negative commentaries by the general public who believe that SSI is a mere waste and should not exist. While others argue that if SSI is taken away, the elderly and children with disabilities would struggle with medical expenses and other lifetime economic issues. SSI is founded by the government. The money given to those with SSI are taken from taxes from those who work in the United States. SSI benefits include: insurance, automatic qualification for low income housing, free transportation to and from appointments and a monthly check that arrives on the first of every month. + += = = PROTECT IP Act = = = +The Protect Intellectual Property Act (Preventing Real Online Threats to Economic Creativity and Theft of Intellectual Property Act), also called PIPA, was a proposed American law to stop copyright infringement on the Internet. The law would give copyright holders new ways to deal with websites infringing copyright. +Critics said the proposed law would have hidden risks and unintended consequences. +Protest. +Some people and businesses support the law while others are alarmed by the law. Supporters worry that the current copyright law is not effective in shutting down piracy websites. Opponents worry that the law is a kind of censorship. It is hard to tell which side is correct because the language in the law is still being written. + += = = Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome = = = +Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, often simply called The Metrodome, was a domed sports stadium in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. The field was renamed Mall of America Field at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in October 2009. Opened in 1982, it replaced Metropolitan Stadium, which was on the current site of the Mall of America in Bloomington (which, beginning a three year deal on October 5, 2009, now holds naming rights for the Metrodome's field), and Memorial Stadium on the University of Minnesota campus. The Metrodome was home to the National Football League's Minnesota Vikings, and in its last years was also sometimes used by the Big Ten's Minnesota Golden Gophers baseball team. The stadium was also the home of the Minnesota Twins from 1982 to 2009 and the Golden Gophers football team from 1982 to 2008. The Twins now play at the nearby Target Field, while Golden Gophers football returned to campus at TCF Bank Stadium. +The Vikings played their last game at the stadium on December 29, 2013. Demolition of the stadium began on January 18, 2014. A new stadium for the Vikings, U.S. Bank Stadium, was built on the site, and opened in 2016. During construction of the new stadium, the Vikings played at TCF Bank Stadium, located on the University of Minnesota campus. + += = = Marcus Trescothick = = = +Marcus Edward Trescothick (born 25 December 1975) is an English cricketer. He was born in Keynsham, Somerset. He is a batsman. He played 76 test matches and 123 one day internationals for the England cricket team. He has stopped playing cricket for the England cricket team now. He still plays cricket for Somerset County Cricket Club. + += = = Chicago Whales = = = +The Chicago Whales were a professional baseball team that played in Chicago, Illinois, during 1914 and 1915. They were members of the Federal League, a short-lived attempt at a third major league. The Whales were owned by a group led by Chicago restaurant owner Charles Weeghman. They played their home games at Weeghman Park, which is now Wrigley Field. + += = = Federal League = = = +The Federal League was a third major league baseball league. It was in competition with the National League and American League. The league played for two seasons, 1914 and 1915, and then went out of business. + += = = Metropolitan Stadium = = = +Metropolitan Stadium was a sports stadium in Bloomington, Minnesota. It opened in 1956 as the home of the local minor league baseball team, the Minneapolis Millers. It was made larger in 1961 so that it could be used for major league teams. In 1961, the Minnesota Twins moved from Washington, DC and the Minnesota Vikings began play at the stadium. It was replaced by the Metrodome in 1982, and was torn down in the mid-1980s. +The site of the stadium is now used by the Mall of America. When people talk about the ballpark nowadays, they often call it the "Old Met". The first floor of the Mall has a brass marker in the shape of a home plate, on the spot where the Old Met's home base once was. + += = = List of the busiest airports in the United States = = = +These are lists of the busiest airports in the United States. +Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport is the busiest single airport in the United States. However, all of the New York City metropolitan area's airports combine to create the largest airport system in the United States. They are also second in the world in terms of passenger traffic, and first in the world in terms of total flight operations. +30 busiest US airports by total passenger traffic (2010). +Listed according to data compiled by Airports Council International North America, and ranked according to total passengers during 2010. +10 busiest US airports by international passenger traffic (2010). +Listed according to data compiled by the Office of Aviation Analysis, part of the United States Department of Transportation, and ranked according to total international passengers during 2010. +10 busiest airports in the US by total cargo throughput (2010). +Listed according to data compiled by Airports Council International North America, and ranked according to total cargo throughput in metric tonnes during 2010. + += = = Edward William Binney = = = +Edward William Binney FRS (1812–1882) was an English geologist. +Edward William Binney was born in Morton, Nottinghamshire in 1812. He was apprenticed to a solicitor in Chesterfield. In 1836, he went to Manchester. He soon retired from legal practice to study geology. +In 1838, he helped found the Manchester Geological Society. He was elected president in 1857 and again in 1865. He also was the secretary and later the president of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society. He studied the Carboniferous and Permian rocks in northern England and the Drift deposits of Lancashire. He and Joseph Dalton Hooker found the first coal balls. They also studied the geology of the country around Manchester. He became an expert on the Coal Measures, and his "Observations on the Structure of Fossil Plants found in the Carboniferous Strata" (1868–1875) was one of the studies of the Palaeontographical Society. His large collection of fossils was placed in Owens College. +Binney was close friends with James Prescott Joule, William Sturgeon, John Davies and John Leigh. +He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1856 and died in Manchester. + += = = Paleobotany = = = +Paleobotany (Palaeobotany) is part of paleontology (palaeontology). Paleophytology (Palaeophytology) is a synonym. +Paleobotanists study plant fossils from the past. Paleobotany is also about trying to understand past environments and the history of agriculture. Fossil pollen and spores are important for studying the history of plants. Micropaleontology and palynology both include studying fossil plant pollen and spores. +Note: terms starting with Paleo- are spelt Palaeo- in the English version of the English language. + += = = Moree, New South Wales = = = +Moree is a large town in northern New South Wales, Australia. It is on the Mehi River and on the junction of the Newell Highway and Gwydir Highway. The next closest town to Moree is Narrabri which is 100 kilometers south of Moree. +Moree is a major agricultural centre. It is an important part of the Australian cotton growing industry. Like many towns and cities in Australia, Moree shares its name with a much smaller community in Northern Ireland, Moree, County Tyrone. At the 2001 census, 9,247 people lived in Moree. Later in 2006, only 8,083 people lived there. + += = = Ernie Banks = = = +Ernest "Ernie" Banks (January 31, 1931 – January 23, 2015) was a former Major League Baseball player. He was a shortstop and a first baseman. He spent his entire 19-year career with the Chicago Cubs of the National League (1953–1971). +He hit 512 home runs in his career. Very few players have hit more than 500 home runs in their careers. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1977. He was known as "Mr. Cub". +In 2013, he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama. +High school years. +Banks was born in Dallas, Texas and went to Booker T. Washington High School in that city. He was a very good athlete. He won "letters" in football, basketball and track. He graduated in 1950. +Baseball career. +Banks signed with the Kansas City Monarchs of the Negro American League in 1950. He broke into the Major Leagues in 1953 with the Chicago Cubs. He was their first black player. He played for the Cubs his entire career. He started at shortstop, then moved to first base in 1962. +In 1955, he set the record for grand slam home runs in a single season with five. That record stood for over thirty years. +Banks won the National League Most Valuable Player Award twice, in 1958 and 1959. He became the first shortstop in the history of the National League to win the MVP award in back to back seasons. +On May 12, 1970, at Chicago's Wrigley Field, Banks hit his 500th career home run. Banks finished his career with 512 home runs, and his 277 homers as a shortstop were the most ever at the time of his retirement. (Cal Ripken, Jr. now holds the record for most homers as a shortstop with 345.) Banks holds Cubs records for games played (2,528), at-bats (9,421), extra-base hits (1,009), and total bases (4,706). +During Banks' career, the Cubs as a team often played poorly. They started to play better late in his career, but they never got into the playoffs. Banks holds the Major League record for most games played without a playoff appearance (2,528). +Coaching career. +In 1977 Banks was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame. The beginning of Banks' speech that August 8 can be heard on a CD called "Baseball's Greatest Hits Vol. II". Commissioner of Baseball Bowie Kuhn presents Banks, who then says, "Thank you very much, Commissioner, for the fine introduction. We've got the setting - sunshine, fresh air; we've got the team behind us so . . . "'Let's play two!"" +Banks had worn number 14 on his Cubs uniform. In 1982 he became the first Cubs players whose number was retired by the team. +On March 31, 2008, a statue of Banks was put outside Wrigley Field. The base of the statue repeats his famous saying, "Lets play two!" +Death. +Banks died of a heart attack at a Chicago hospital on January 23, 2015, eight days before his 84th birthday. His death was announced by his lawyer in that same day. He was buried in Graceland Cemetery, just a few blocks north of Wrigley Field. + += = = West Side Park = = = +West Side Park is the name of a former baseball park in Chicago, Illinois. It was the home field of the Chicago Cubs baseball team from 1893 through 1915. +It was the Cubs' home ballpark when they won their only World Series championships, in 1907 and 1908, until their win in 2016. The team moved to Wrigley Field in 1916. +The park got its name from being located on the west side of Chicago. Where the ballpark once stood there is now a building in the University of Illinois Medical School. + += = = Yoshino Province = = = +, also known as Washū, was an old province of Japan in the area of Nara Prefecture on the island of Honshū. The history of the province started in 716 and ended in 738. +History. +The province was established when Yoshino District was separated from Yamato Province. +Yoshino Province was abolished sometime after 738. It was reformed as part of Yamato Province. +The Buddhist temple of "Hisosan-ji" was established in the province. +Yoshino was known for locally produced varnishes called lacquer. Cups and bowls and other lacquer ware ("Yoshino nuri") were typically black and red. Yoshino lacquer ("Yoshino urushi") was evaluated as superior. + += = = Heathrow Airport Holdings = = = +Heathrow Airport Holdings (formely BAA Ltd.) is a Spanish company who operates six British airports (including Heathrow Airport) and Naples Airport in Italy, making the company one of the largest transport companies in the world. BAA comes from British Airports Authority and is owned by a group led by Grupo Ferrovial, a Spanish firm specialising in infrastructure. The company's head office is in The Compass Centre on the grounds of London Heathrow Airport in the London Borough of Hillingdon. +Heathrow Airport Holdings makes money from charging landing fees to airlines and from areas such as retail and property. BAA does not operate all UK airports - most are in the ownership of local authorities or other corporations. +Heathrow Airport Holdings was once a listed on the FTSE 100 Index but is now owned by FGP TopCo Limited, an international group, which includes Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec and GIC Special Investments, that is led by the Spanish Ferrovial Group. + += = = Aberdeen Airport = = = +Aberdeen Airport is an international airport in Aberdeen, Scotland. +It is about 5 nautical miles (5.8 miles or 9.3 km) northwest of Aberdeen city centre. 2.76 million passengers used Aberdeen Airport in 2010, a reduction of 7.4% from 2009. It is the 15th busiest airport in the UK. The airport was the second busiest airport in Scotland, and sixth busiest in the United Kingdom by number of flights in 2010. +The airport is owned and operated by BAA, which is a Spanish company. It operates six British airports, including Heathrow Airport. +Aberdeen Airport is a base for BMI Regional (part of BMI) and Eastern Airways. The Airport is also the main heliport for the Scottish offshore oil industry. +The airport has one main passenger terminal, serving scheduled and charter holiday flights. There are three terminals for North Sea helicopter operations, used by Bristow Helicopters, CHC-Scotia, and Bond Offshore Helicopters. There is also a small terminal next to the main passenger terminal, Broomfield House, used for oil company charter flights to Scatsta in Shetland, operated by Eastern Airways. +Heliport. +Aberdeen Airport has the world's largest commercial heliport which has more than 400,000 passengers each year. +With the newer aircraft, helicopters can reach the northern most platforms on both the East and west of Shetland areas. However, helicopters often use Wick, Kirkwall, Scatsa and Sumburgh for refuelling stops. + += = = Heliport = = = +A heliport is a small airport only for use by helicopters. Heliports normally contain one or more helipads and may have limited facilities such as fuel, lighting, a windsock, or even hangars. In larger towns and cities, customs facilities may be available at a heliport. +The early supporters of helicopters hoped that heliports would become popular, but they have not been popular in urban areas due to the unpleasant noise caused by helicopter traffic. +Purpose. +In a large metropolis, a heliport can serve passengers needing to quickly move within the city or to outlying regions. Generally heliports can be situated closer to a town or city centre than an airport for fixed-wing aircraft. The advantage in flying by helicopter to a destination or even to the city's main airport is that travel can be much faster than driving. As an example, the Downtown Manhattan Heliport in New York City provides scheduled service to John F. Kennedy International Airport and is used to move wealthy persons and important goods quickly to destinations as far away as Maryland. +Some skyscrapers feature rooftop helipads or heliports to serve the transport needs of executives or clients. The U.S. Bank Tower in Los Angeles is an example. Police departments use heliports as a base for police helicopters, and larger department may have a dedicated one such as the LAPD Hooper Heliport. +Helipads are common features at hospitals where they serve to facilitate MEDEVACs or air ambulance transfers of patients to trauma units or to accept patients from remote areas without local hospitals or facilities capable of providing the level of emergency care required. In urban environments, these heliports are typically located on the roof of the hospital. +Numbering. +Heliports have no orientation and are not numbered in a standard fashion like runways. In some US cities it is standard to paint the maximum allowable weight of a helicopter in thousands of pounds. Thus, a "12" in a circle designates that the maximum landing weight is 12,000 lbs. +Some Canadian hospital heliports have a cross and some have the letter "H" in the middle. +Lighting. +Heliport lighting normally consists of a circle or square of inset lights around the surface called the TLOF (touchdown and lift-off area) and another around the overall landing area called the FATO (final approach and takeoff area). The later encompasses the TLOF as well and the lights may be elevated or inset. Both sets of lights are now recommended to be green by the International Civil Aviation Organization and Federal Aviation Administration. Yellow (amber) was the former standard and is still preferred in many locations. There is a great deal of variance in color depending on the owner and jurisdiction. These lights were traditionally incandescent but are now increasingly light-emitting diodes with brightness control. The TLOF and FATO lights may be supplemented with surface flood lights. A lighted wind cone is necessary. At ground-based locations, a row of lead-in lights in the preferred direction of approach is sometimes used. Visual slope guidance systems (such as HAPI, PAPI, etc.) are recommended in both ICAO and FAA documents but are rarely deployed due to the high cost relative to the rest of the lighting system. While airports commonly use 6.6A direct current power, heliport lighting is normally AC powered. Radio control of the lighting by the pilot via an automated ground-based controller is also common. + += = = Grammatical person = = = +In grammar, a person is the way of referring to someone taking part in an event, such as the person talking, the person being talked to, the person being talked about. Grammatical persons are accomplished by pronouns, words used to take the place of a noun, in order to make speech easier. +The first person is the speaker referring to himself or herself. The second person is the person whom someone is speaking to or writing to. +Effect on nouns. +Very few nouns are second-person nouns because people do not usually talk directly to things like tables. In fact, in English, just about the only kind of nouns that are second-person is a small group of pronouns that can be seen in the table below. +Sometimes, a person's name is used in the second person, but that's usually just with a baby. For example, instead of saying "you sit here", one could say "Charlie sits here". +Effect on verbs. +In English grammar, people do not usually have to do anything special to the verb if they use a second-person noun as a subject. In fact, the verb "be" is the only verb that has a special form for the second person: "are". In other languages such as French though, verbs change in different ways to match the subject. In this table, "tu" and "vous" are the second-person pronouns. We can see how the verb "parler" (talk) changes when people use them. + += = = Ballarat Airport = = = +Ballarat Airport or Ballarat Aerodrome, is at Mitchell Park an outer suburb of Ballarat, Victoria, Australia. +History. +Pilots were first trained on the Ballarat Common in 1914-15. In 1934 a tin hangar was built. +World War II. +In 1940, in World War II, the site was taken over by the Australian government and a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) airfield known as Empire Air Training Scheme No 1 Wireless Air Gunners School was begun (EATS 1 WAGS) at the Ballarat Showgrounds on 22 April 1940. +The hangar was moved to the Commonwealth Flax Mill, and four Bellman Hangars and numerous "P"-type hut buildings were erected. In mid-1940 the Wireless Air Gunners School moved to the aerodrome. At first the wireless operators were mainly trained in panel vans, but from mid 1941, they used CAC Wackett trainer aircraft. +No 1 WAGS was disbanded on 31 December 1945. +Post War. +The RAAF continued to use the airfield as its Radio School until 1961. The Shire of Ballarat took over the airport as a civil airport and kept many of the hangars and other structures. Most of the P Huts were sold by the Australian government. +The site was listed on the Victorian Heritage Register in 2007 because of its history with the Empire Air Training Scheme in Victoria. +The airport still has an important role in emergency services operation, civil operation, and flight training. Many community groups and organisations use the old buildings. +Motorsport. +The airfield was also used for motor sport, starting on Australia Day in 1947 when it held its first motor race meeting. In February there was an International Formula Libre race, which was attended by some European Formula 1 teams. BRM factory drivers Dan Gurney and Graham Hill finished first and second in the major race, the Victoria Trophy with Ron Flockhart third in a Cooper. On the night before the race Gurney's car was stolen from its hangar and driven into or hidden with, hay bales out on the track. + += = = Buchanan Field Airport = = = +Buchanan Field Airport is an airport in Contra Costa County, California, United States. It is 27 nautical miles (50 km) northeast of San Francisco International Airport. The airport has a control tower and a lot of general aviation traffic. More than 500 aircraft are based on the field (mostly single-engine). +History. +In 1942, Contra Costa County paid $88,000 for land to build an airport in the county. The airport was being developed when World War II started. The United States Army Air Forces took over the land. The Army added more land and built the airport. They also built a training base for pilots. The base was called Concord Army Airfeld. +In 1946, the War Assets Administration (WAA) gave the airport back to the County. In August 1946, the airport name was changed to honor County Supervisor William J. Buchanan, who was a board member for more than forty years. The airport was still sometimes used by the U.S. Army to move soldiers, especially during the Korean War. +In 1977, Buchanan Field was its busiest, with 357,000 total operations. That made it the 16th busiest airport in the United States, ahead of San Francisco International Airport, John F. Kennedy International Airport, and LaGuardia Airport. During this time people were worried about noise from the airplanes, so in 1988 the county made a law against some kinds of airplanes flying into Buchanan Field. +Starting in the 1990s, the county started planning to build more businesses near the airport. Some of the businesses built were Sams Club, Taco Bell, Sports Authority, and Jiffy Lube. People might try to close this airport in the future. That is because people would like to use the land it is on for other things, because it is in the middle of the city of Concord with no room to grow, and because the airplane noise bothers people. The county has built a new airport in Byron in the eastern part of the county. +Accidents. +On December 23, 1985, a small plane crashed into the roof of the Macy's Department Store at nearby Sunvalley Mall. The pilot and two passengers were killed. 84 shoppers in the mall were hurt, mostly from burning fuel. Four of the shoppers died later from their injuries. The accident made more people be against the airport. Pacific Southwest Airlines delayed scheduled passenger service that had been planned to start in January 1986. +Another plane crashed on April 13, 2004, just after leaving Buchanan Field. The plane landed on a minivan on Interstate 680 in Pleasant Hill. The crash almost severed the left leg of a 12-year-old girl. The crash was the fault of a mechanic who had worked on the plane. +On December 21, 2006, another plane crashed. It was flying too low and ran into the ground. The plane hit Highway 4. It crashed between the highway and Marsh Drive. Three passengers were killed instantly, and another passenger died after surgery. +Airlines and destinations. +Flights to San Francisco started in 1969, but were stopped by 1980. On May 1, 1986, Pacific Southwest Airlines (PSA) started flights from Buchanan Field to Los Angeles International Airport. PSA offered several round trips each day using airplanes that had 100 seats. In 1987, USAir took over those flights after buying PSA. That year, USAir said that it was stopping most of the West Coast flights that it got from PSA. This included Concord, where flights ended in 1992. + += = = Naval Air Station Oceana = = = +Naval Air Station Oceana or NAS Oceana is a military airport. It is in Virginia Beach, Virginia. NAS Oceana is a United States Navy "Master Jet Base". It is also known as Apollo Soucek Field. It was named after Lieutenant (later Admiral) Apollo Soucek. He was a Navy test pilot who set the world altitude record in 1930. Soucek flew a Curtiss "Hawk" biplane to an altitude of 43,166 feet. NAS Oceana is the only Master Jet Base on the East Coast. +History. +In 1940, the U.S. Navy got the land that would become Naval Air Station Oceana. The nearby area was mostly farmland that flooded easily. It was useful as a second airfield to support the growing Naval Air Force at NAS Norfolk. It also let units get ready for deployments away from the crowded base there. NAS Norfolk could not be the home station for tactical air units because of problems with airspace. Much of its airspace is shared with the Norfolk International Airport. In the 1950s, NAS Oceana was made larger and given Master Jet Base status to be the home for the tactical air units. NAS Oceana has grown to become one of the largest air stations in the world. It covers an area of . Area around the base was cleared to remove obstructions and make flight easier at the base. This adds an additional to the area of the base. The bass has four runways. They are laid out in two pair forming a cross. Three of the runways are in length. The other is . They are designed for high-performance aircraft. NAS Oceana's main mission is to train and house the Navy's Atlantic Fleet strike fighter squadrons of F/A-18 Hornets and Super Hornets. Naval Aviators and Naval Flight Officers at NAS Oceana fly about 219,000 training operations each year. +On a Navy Master Jet Base, all aircraft at one base are usually of the same Type/Model/Series (T/M/S). That airfield also has the maintenance and training facilities for that type of aircraft. NAS Oceana had two types normally. It had a fighter and Attack aircraft section. In the 1960s, NAS Oceana became the home to all East Coast based F-4 Phantom II squadrons. Fighter Squadron 101 (VF-101) created a detachment at NAS Oceana. It served as the "Fleet Readiness Squadron" (FRS). It trained pilots and other crew members to operate the Phantom. It also trained the people who repaired the aircraft. After the F-14 Tomcat began being used in 1976, VF-101 changed to using and training people to use Tomcats. Phantom training operations moved to Fighter Squadron 171 (VF-171). VF-171 dealt with Atlantic Fleet training for the F-4 Phantom until it was no longer used in 1984. The last F-14 was retired on 22 September 2006. At one time, all of the Atlantic Fleet's A-6 Intruder attack squadrons were also home-based at NAS Oceana. VA-42 was the Fleet Readiness Squadron that trained all east coast A-6 pilots, bombardier/navigators and A-6 maintenance personnel. The A-6E was no longer used in the Fleet in 1997. +NAS Oceana became home to the F/A-18 Hornet in 1999 after NAS Cecil Field, Florida was closed. +Current operations. +NAS Oceana is home to seventeen strike fighter squadrons of F/A-18 Hornets and F/A-18 Super Hornets. The base is the only East Coast Master Jet Base. It is home to all the east coast strike-fighter (VFA) units except VFA-86 and Marine Corps VMFA squadrons. VFA-106 Gladiators are in charge of training. They use F/A-18C/D Hornets and F/A-18E/F Super Hornets. +Tomcat training was done by the VF-101 "Grim Reapers". NAS Oceana was host to the "Tomcat Sunset" reunion from 21–23 September 2006. Over 3000 former and current aircrew and maintainers came together to celebrate the retirement of the F-14 from active use. NAS Oceana was where the F-14 took off for the last time for final flight. The F-14D, Bureau Number (BuNo) 164603, Modex 101, of Fighter Squadron31 (VF-31) was flew from NAS Oceana to Calverton on Long Island, NY. It was put on display at the Northrop Grumman facilities where the Tomcat was first built. +During the 2005 BRAC base closures, it was decided that NAS Oceana could stay open only if some conditions were met. The largest problem was that the city of Virginia Beach had to buy and destroy about 3,400 houses and an unknown number of businesses near the base. These buildings were in the "Crash zone", the area most likely to be the site of an accident on landing. The fighters would likely have been moved to NAS Cecil Field near Jacksonville, Florida if NAS Oceana was not able to meet the conditions. The plan was well liked by Jacksonville Mayor John Peyton. The Navy decided it did not like the idea of moving the Master Jet Base to the Jacksonville area. On 20 December 2005 the Virginia Beach passed many ordinances to do what BRAC wanted, but did not destroy any of the homes. +NAS Oceana has been an possible landing site for NASA's Space Shuttle if needed. +In addition to the squadrons listed, there are many other commands at Oceana: +Tenant Squadrons. +Carrier Wings. +Strike Fighter Wing Atlantic + += = = Mikawa Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Aichi Prefecture on the island of Honshū. It was also known as . +Mikawa had borders with Owari, Mino, Shinano, and Tōtōmi Provinces. +History. +In the Edo period, the Tōkaidō road was the main route between the Imperial capital at Kyoto and the main city of the Tokugawa Shogunate. The road passed through Mikawa. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Mikawa Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Toga jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Mikawa. +Other websites. +] + += = = Costa Concordia = = = +MS Costa Concordia is a cruise ship. Costa Cruises, a subsidiary of British-American Carnival Corporation & Plc, owns and operates the ship. The name "Concordia" was meant to express the wish for "continuing harmony, unity, and peace between European nations." +She is the first vessel of the "Concordia" ship class. There are sister ships built for Carnival Cruise Lines. "Costa Concordia" entered service in July 2006. It was one of the largest ships to be built in Italy, at GT 114,500. The later was "Carnival Dream" class weighed 130,000 GRT, and was built in Fincantieri. +On 22 November 2008, "Costa Concordia" suffered damage to her bow when high winds over the Sicilian city of Palermo pushed the ship against its dock. There were no injuries and repairs started soon after. +On 13 January 2012, the "Costa Concordia" ran aground and partially sank on the western coast of Italy just off the shore of Isola del Giglio. Of the 4,200 passengers and crew, at least eleven people were killed, including ten passengers and one crew member and 23 still missing. The situation is still ongoing. People were angry with the ship's captain because he left the ship. He was supposed to stay on the ship and help the other passengers get off safely. The captain's "error" took the ship off of its programmed route. + += = = Owari Province = = = + was an old province of Japan in the area of Aichi Prefecture on the island of Honshū. including much of modern Nagoya. It is also known as Bishū (��). +The ancient capital of Owari was near Inazawa +History. +The province was created in 646. +In the Sengoku Period, Oda Nobunaga held Kiyosu Castle. +In the Edo period, the Tōkaidō road was the main route between the Imperial capital at Kyoto and the main city of the Tokugawa Shogunate. The road passed through Owari. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Owari Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Geography. +Owari and Mino provinces were separated by the Sakai River. +Shrines and Temples. +"Masumida jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Owari. + += = = Barwon Heads Airport = = = +Barwon Heads Airport is a small airfield used only for light aircraft on the Bellarine Peninsula near the township of Barwon Heads, Victoria, Australia. It is mainly used for scenic tourist flights, private aircraft and flight training. +The airport is small and undeveloped. In 2008 five new hangars and new carparking was built. +The airport has a flight training school with two classrooms, fuel facilities and a seafood shop. There are showers and toilets in the terminal building. other facilities include a kitchen, snack and drink machines, and a lounge area. +The airport has two runways, the main one is a gravel north/south runway. There is a smaller east/west grass runway, mainly used by ultralight aircraft, and light aircraft in stronger wind conditions. +History. +The owners of Barwon Heads Airport have tried to stop skydiving near the airport. They think the airport runway is too close to the proposed drop zones. In 2005, a ban was placed on skydiving near the airport. In 2008, airport owners said the company Skydive City was using an illegal runway 200 metres from the airport. Skydive City had been forced out of an airport hangar for not paying rent. Airport owners said the illegal runway was dangerous for airport users. + += = = Inna = = = +Elena Alexandra Apostoleanu (born October 16, 1986) known as Inna is a singer from Romania. She became famous after the first single "Hot" in 2008. The song was a hit in 2009 and in 2010 in the United Kingdom, France and other countries from Europe. The first single to be #1 in Romania was "Amazing" (2009) and another hit is "Sun Is Up" (2010). In 2011 Inna and Flo Rida had a song "Club Rocker", it was not a success. She is famous in Mexico too. She has over 4,000,000 fans on Facebook and over 500,000,000 views on YouTube. +Life. +Inna was born as Elena Alexandra Apostoleanu on 16 October, 1986 in Neptun a town in Romania. The town is next to the Black Sea and Inna knows to swim very well. She was not the best student in highschool. She loved music and Christina Aguilera or Rihanna. In 2007/2008 she met Play & Win, three boys who write music. They recorded some songs that are not successful. She was in Eurovision Song Contest in 2008, but nobody knew her. The name Inna comes from her grandfather. He called her Inna but he died before she got famous. She lives with her bichon Bobo. She says she doesn't have a boyfriend. +Music. +Inna has two albums. In 2009 the first album "Hot" was out. The album had four singles: "Hot", "Love", "Amazing" and "10 Minutes". The second album is "I Am the Club Rocker" and it is from 2011 and it has 14 songs and singles: "Sun Is Up", "Club Rocker", "Un Momento" and "Endless". +Inna had tours. She went to: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Greece, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Slovakia, Netherlands and the UK and to Mexico before her birthday in 2011. She had the biggest concert in Romania for a Romanian person since 2005, in May 2011. She planned to go to US in 2012. +She has over 10 music videos filmed in: Romania, Portugal, UK, France, Spain or Bulgaria. +Awards. +She won a lot of prizes including: 12 Romanian Music Awards, 2 MTV Europe Music Awards and 1 nomination at the NRJ Music Awards in France, 2011. +Charts. +In Romania: 5 TOP 10, 10 TOP 100 (1 #1) +In France: 5 TOP 10, 7 TOP 100 +In Switzerland: 2 TOP 10, 5 TOP 75 (1 #1) +In UK: 1 TOP 10, 5 TOP 75 (1 #1, IN UK DANCE CHART) +In US: #1 – Dance Chart – "Hot", 2010 +In Bulgaria: 4 TOP 10, 10 TOP 40 (1 #1) +In Spain: 1 TOP 10, 5 TOP 50 (1 #1) +In Belgium: 3 TOP 10, 7 TOP 50 +In Holland: 3 TOP 19, 8 TOP 100 +In Europe: 2 TOP 10, 4 TOP 100 +The albums: "Hot" - #1 in: UK DANCE, Romania. "I Am the club rocker" only top 10 in Mexico. + += = = All's Well That Ends Well (album) = = = +All's Well That Ends Well is the first album by American post-hardcore band Chiodos. It was released through Equal Vision Records in July 2005. Four music videos for the songs "One Day All Women Will Become Monsters", "The Words 'Best Friend' Become Redefined", "Baby, You Wouldn't Last a Minute on the Creek", and "All Nereids Beware" have been produced for the of the album. The album has sold more than 200,000 copies as of 2008. +Charts. +Album + += = = Liz Bonnin = = = +Liz Bonnin is a French television presenter. She was born on 16 September 1976 in France. She works for the BBC. + += = = Rafael Cortez = = = +Rafael de Faria Cortez (born October 25, 1976 in São Paulo, Brazil) is a Brazilian journalist, actor and comedian. He graduated in journalism from PUC-SP and since 2008 is a reporter the TV Show "Custe o Que Custar". + += = = Custe o Que Custar = = = +Custe o Que Custar (in English, Whatever it Takes, represented by the acronym CQC) is a Brazilian television comedy weekly frequency, produced by Eyeworks and aired by Rede Bandeirantes from March 17, 2008. It is presented by Marcelo Tas, you have in your bankroll Marco Luque and Rafinha Bastos. The reports are in charge of Rafael Cortez, Felipe Andreoli, Oscar Filho, Monica Iozzi and Mauricio Meirelles. +The format is a native of Argentina under the name "Caiga Quien Caiga" and appears that way since 1995 in the country by Telefe. + += = = Vibe (magazine) = = = +Vibe is a music magazine that is published in the United States. "Vibe" was founded by Quincy Jones and focuses on rhythm and blues and hip-hop music singers. "Vibe" is published bi-monthly from New York City. As of 2007, "Vibe" has a circulation of 800,000. The "Vibe" Awards is aired annually, which began in 2003, on the UPN channel. + += = = Oscar Robertson = = = +Oscar Palmer Robertson (born November 24, 1938) is a retired NBA basketball player. His nickname is the Big "O". He played at the guard position for the Cincinnati Royals from 1960 to 1970 and for the Milwaukee Bucks from 1970 to 1974. He is in the NBA basketball's Hall of Fame. +Career highlights. +Robertson won an NBA championship with the Bucks in 1971, and won the NBA's Most Valuable Player award in 1964. He was also named to the All-NBA First Team nine times, and was an NBA All-Star twelve times. + += = = NBA 2K12 = = = +NBA 2K12 is an NBA basketball video game developed by Visual Concepts and made by 2KSports. It was released in October 2011 for Xbox 360, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable, Wii, Microsoft Windows, and for the first time, iOS. The thirteenth installment in the "NBA 2K" series, it is the successor to "NBA 2K11" and the predecessor to "NBA 2K13". For the first time in the series, three different covers are available. The three retired athletes are: Michael Jordan of the Chicago Bulls, Magic Johnson of the Los Angeles Lakers, and Larry Bird of the Boston Celtics. Jordan was also the cover athlete of the previous game. This was the last installment in the series to be released for the PlayStation 2. + += = = Sacramento River = = = +The Sacramento River is the longest river in California in the United States. It flows through the Sacramento Valley in northern California, and is about long. The Sacramento has many tributaries, including the Pit, Feather and American Rivers. Cities along the river include Redding and Sacramento. +Native people have lived in the region for about 12,000 years. The Sacramento River's tributaries were the focus of the California Gold Rush, which brought many settlers to the area in the 1800s. Today, the river is used as a source of irrigation water and to produce hydroelectricity. + += = = Mackenzie River = = = +The Mackenzie River is a major river in northern Canada. It is named after famous explorer, Alexander Mackenzie. The river's watershed drains parts of Alberta, British Columbia, the Northwest Territories, Saskatchewan, and the Yukon. It flows north, for , from Great Slave Lake to the Arctic Ocean. There are only a few small towns on the river, including Fort Providence and Norman Wells. The river is used as a boat transport route during the ice-free summer. +Tributaries of the river include the Liard, Keele, Great Bear, Arctic Red and Peel Rivers. The Slave River, Peace River and Athabasca River provide most of the water in Great Slave Lake. + += = = Katey Sagal = = = +Catherine Louise "Katey" Sagal (born January 19, 1954) is an American actress and singer-songwriter. She is best known for playing the role of Peggy Bundy on the Fox comedy series "Married... with Children" and the voice of Leela on the animated series "Futurama". She was nominated for four Golden Globe Awards for "Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy" and two American Comedy Awards for her work on "Married... with Children". +Sagal has been the voice of "Futurama" and its direct-to-DVD movies since 1999. She is also known for starring on the series "8 Simple Rules" in the role of Cate Hennessy. She worked on that series with John Ritter until his death. Sagal took over as the series' lead character after the death of Ritter. +Since 2008, she has played the role of matriarch Gemma Teller Morrow in the FX drama series "Sons of Anarchy". She won a Golden Globe Award for "Best Actress – Television Series Drama" in 2011 for this part. She has been married to the creator of the series, Kurt Sutter, since 2004. +Early life. +Sagal was born in California to a show business family of five children. Her younger sisters Jean and Liz Sagal. They are a pair of twins who also act. Her brother is actor Joe Sagal. Her mother, Sara Zwilling was a writer and producer. Sagal's father, Boris Sagal was a director. Sagal grew up in Brentwood, Los Angeles. +Career. +Sagal began her career in Hollywood. She was in many made for TV movies between 1971 and 1975. These included a small role as a receptionist in the "Columbo" episode "Candidate for Crime" which was directed by her father. In 1973, she also worked as a backing vocalist for different singers, including Bob Dylan and Tanya Tucker. +In 1978, Kiss bassist Gene Simmons asked her to sing background vocals on his solo album. During this time she was also a member of the rock group The Group With No Name. She also sang backup for Bette Midler. Midler hired her for her 1979 tour as one of The Harlettes. In 1981, Sagal was a backup singer on the Molly Hatchet album "Take No Prisoners". +Sagal returned to television in 1985. She was in the series "Mary" starring Mary Tyler Moore. This led to her being cast as Peggy Bundy on the sitcom "Married... with Children" (1987–1997). She played the part of a lower-class, sex-starved wife of shoe salesman Al Bundy. During her audition, Sagal brought her own red bouffant wig. That look for the character was used in the series. As Peg, she wore the wig, capri-length leggings with a large belt, and high heels. These were all fashions from the 1960s. The series was broadcast for eleven years. +After the end of "Married... with Children", Sagal did many more television movies. She also did some acting on children's cartoon "Recess". She played the voice of Spinelli's mother. In 1999, Matt Groening cast her as the cyclopian spaceship captain, Leela, in his science fiction cartoon comedy "Futurama". The show had a cult following but was ended after five years. However, airings in syndication on Adult Swim. The series was later broadcast on Comedy Central. This caused the popularity of the show to grow. Comedy Central decided to have a series of "Futurama" direct-to-DVD movies made. These were broadcast by the network as 16 episodes. Sagal played the part of Leela in these movies. She also voiced the new season that began June 24, 2010. +Sagal guest starred as Edna Hyde, Steven Hyde's mother, in three episodes of "That '70s Show". She was also in the NBC sitcom "Tucker". +Sagal was cast as the wife of John Ritter in the sitcom "8 Simple Rules for Dating My Teenage Daughter" in 2002. Ritter was in only three episodes of the second season before his death. The show ended in 2005 after its third season. +In 2005, she made was on "Lost" as Helen Norwood. In 2007, she had a role in the season finale of "The Winner". She played the part of Glen Abbot's former, and Josh's current, teacher, with whom Glen has his first sexual experience. The next year, she was in four episodes of the series "Eli Stone". She currently stars as Gemma Teller Morrow on the TV series "Sons of Anarchy". It was created by her husband, Kurt Sutter. +In January 2009, Sagal worked with David Faustino for an episode of Faustino's show "Star-ving". Faustino played her son, Bud Bundy, from "Married with Children". In 2010, she was on "Lost" for two more episodes. In 2009 she was in the movie "House Broken" with Danny DeVito. +In 2010, she returned to the stage in Randy Newman's musical "Harps & Angels". +Personal life. +Sagal was married to Freddie Beckmeier (1978–1981) and Jack White (November 26, 1993–July 24, 2000). In 1991, Sagal learned she was pregnant. The directors of "Married... with Children" wrote her pregnancy into the storyline of the series. In October 1991, she had to have an emergency Caesarean section in her seventh month of pregnancy. The baby, a girl, did not live. The pregnancy on the series was then shown to be a dream. She also had an early miscarriage near this time. She and White did have two children. The writers of "Married... with Children" did not write Sagal's two later pregnancies into the series because of her earlier problems. They chose to only show her where her midsection was not seen. +Sagal married writer-producer Kurt Sutter on October 2, 2004 in Los Feliz, California. They have a daughter, who was born through a surrogate mother. + += = = Slave River = = = +The Slave River is a river of Canada. It begins near Lake Athabasca, where the Peace River and Athabasca River join. Then it flows north into Great Slave Lake. The river's water drains into the Arctic Ocean via the Mackenzie River. + += = = Peace River = = = +The Peace River is a river of Canada. It starts in the mountains of British Columbia, flowing southeast and east into Alberta. There it turns northeast through the Canadian prairies. After a journey of it joins with the Athabasca River, forming the Slave River. + += = = Mehi River = = = +The Mehi River is in northern New South Wales, Australia. It begins at the manmade Tareelaroi Weir and runs into the Barwon River. The Mehi is long. The Mehi River also runs runs through the major town of Moree. +The cotton growing industry gets a lot of its water from the Mehi River. The river is also used for leisure purposes. Water-sking and fishing are popular along the Mehi River. + += = = Broccoflower = = = +Broccoflower is a vegetable. It is either of two plants of the species "Brassica oleracea" with light green heads. The part that can be eaten is the young flower head (inflorescence) of the plant. +There are two forms of "Brassica oleracea" that can be called broccoflower. One is shaped like regular cauliflower. The other has a spiky appearance. They have a color like that of broccoli. + += = = Michael Foot = = = +Michael Foot (23 July 1913 – 3 March 2010) was a British Labour Party politician, journalist and author. +Foot was born in Plymouth, Devon. He studied Philosophy, Politics and Economics at University of Oxford. He was a journalist from the late 1930s until the early 1960s. +He was a Member of Parliament from 1945–1955 and from 1960–1992. He was deputy leader of the Labour Party from 1976–1980 and Leader of the Opposition from 1980–1983. +Foot was married to writer Jill Craigie (1911–1999) from 1949 until her death. He was an atheist. +Foot died at home in Hampstead, north London, on 3 March 2010, aged 96. + += = = Pícara Sonhadora = = = +Pícara Sonhadora is a Brazilian historical telenovela. It was first shown in 2001. The series starred Bianca Rinaldi, Petrônio Gontijo, Karina Bacchi, Vanessa Vholker, Serafim Gonzalez, Mariana du Bois and Luis Carlos de Moraes. + += = = Final Doom = = = +Final Doom is a 1996 first-person shooter video game. It has two 32-level episodes: "TNT: Evilution" by Team TNT, and "The Plutonia Experiment" by Dario and Milo Casali. The game is also available on the PlayStation, including the Doom 2 expansion pack "Master Levels of Doom II". + += = = Newell Highway = = = +The Newell Highway is a major road in New South Wales, Australia. It runs from the Queensland border to the Victoria border. It is new South Wales's longest highway. It is almost long. It is the main road between Brisbane and Melbourne. The Newell Highway runs through some large towns such as Moree, Dubbo, Parkes and Narranderra. + += = = Bob Ross = = = +Robert Norman "Bob" Ross (October 29, 1942 – July 4, 1995) was an American painter, art instructor and television host. Ross is probably best known for hosting and creating the television show, The Joy of Painting. +He was also in a kids' show called The Adventures of Elmer and Friends, although he died before he could create any more than one episode. +Ross was born in Daytona Beach, Florida, and was raised in Orlando, Florida. At the age of 18, Ross enlisted in the U.S. Air Force. Snow and mountains became a recurring theme in his artwork when the Air Force transferred him to Eielson AFB (in Alaska) and he first saw them. He developed his quick-painting technique in order to be able to create art for sale in short daily work breaks. He discovered that he was able to earn more from selling his work than from his Air Force position and later left the Air Force. After that, he began studying with Bill Alexander before Ross became famous worldwide with his television program, The Joy of Painting. + += = = Norfolk International Airport = = = +Norfolk International Airport is a public airport in Norfolk, Virginia. It is owned by the city of Norfolk. The Norfolk Airport Authority runs the airport. It is a part of the municipal government. The airport is used by the Hampton Roads metropolitan area of southeast Virginia. It is also used by the people of northeast North Carolina. +Norfolk International has almost 80 flights leave each day. These flights to go large cities in the United States. The airport is the third-busiest airport in Virginia. It is the country's 66th largest airport in terms of people using it each year. Over 3.5 million people used the airport in 2009. In June 2011, Norfolk International had 311,000 passengers. +Southwest Airlines, US Airways, Delta Air Lines and American Airlines are the main airlines that use the airport. +History. +Commercial aviation began in the Norfolk area about 1926. Norfolk citizens flew commercially for the first time on the Mitten Line. It was run by Philadelphia Rapid Transit Air Service, Inc. Norfolk International Airport was built in 1938. It had a runway. The first terminal was built by 1940. +During World War II, Norfolk Municipal Airport became important to the war effort. The United States Army Air Corps took control of the airport between 1942–1947. They made the runway longer and built two other runways. This was done to deal with a much larger number of flights and larger aircraft. The Norfolk Fighter Wing was created in August 1942. It providing air defense for the Norfolk area. The 52d Fighter Group was put at the airport after the Pearl Harbor attack in December 1941. Many squadrons were at Norfolk Airport during the early years of the war. This ended at the end of July 1944. +The Army Air Corps gave control of the airport back to the city at the end of 1945. The amount of commercial travel grew quickly with two new airlines having regular flights. In 1948, Piedmont Airlines began flights. That same year, construction began for a larger, more modern terminal building. +In 1950, control of the airport was turned over to the newly created Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority (NPIA). At that time, Norfolk Municipal Airport was one of the busiest in the nation. In 1951, the new terminal was opened. +In the 1960s, the change from propeller aircraft to jets took place. Norfolk Municipal Airport made changes with longer and stronger runways and taxiway facilities. Because of this, in 1968, the airport was the air transportation center for the entire Hampton Roads area. It name was changed to Norfolk Regional Airport. To be ready for large growth over the next three decades, NPIA created a plan that would grow the airport as it entered into the 21st century. +In 1974, the airport opened its new terminal. More land was bought so that the airport could be made larger. In 1976, the airport's name was changed to Norfolk International Airport. Federal customs facilities were added. New buildings were built to hold the fire station, maintenance depot and ATC tower. One of the problems the airport faced as it grew was dealt with by the nearby Botanical Garden. It created an buffer area between the airport and the city around it. Norfolk International Airport was surrounded by year-round beauty. It was a national role model for dealing with growing air facilities and an ecological sanctuary. +In the 1980s, many changes took place. A new general aviation facility opened. A new air cargo terminal was built as well. More areas for parking were also added. Even the name of the controlling body changed in 1988 - from Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority to Norfolk Airport Authority. +In the 1990s the air cargo terminal and parking facilities were made bigger. In 1991, Norfolk International made the concourses larger. This added 10 additional gates. It now had a total of 24 gates. A new fire station and new FAA air traffic control tower facility were also built. +Facilities and aircraft. +Norfolk International Airport covers area of . The airfield has a main runway (5-23) which is . Is also has a crosswind runway (14-32) which is . These let almost all commercial aircraft types use the airfield. +The airport plans to destroy the crosswind runway and build a second runway parallel to the main runway 5-23. +In 2006, the airport had 128,715 aircraft operations. It had an average of 352 per day. The breakdown of the types of flights was 44% scheduled commercial, 33% general aviation, 16% air taxi and 8% military. At that time there were 106 aircraft based at this airport. About half of these (51%) were single-engine planes. Of the rest, 30% were multi-engine, 17% jet aircraft and 2% were helicopter. +FAA Control Tower. +The FAA Norfolk Air Traffic Control Tower was built in 1995. It is high. The Federal Aviation Administration is in control of the Norfolk Tower. It deals with about 1,100 aircraft each day. +Cargo. +Norfolk International Airport (NIA) has one of the most modern and efficient air cargo facilities in the state of Virginia. About 70 million pounds of air cargo are moved in and out of the Airport each year. The airport is used by many companies with airlines that only move cargo. These include Airborne Express, FedEx, United Parcel Service and the U.S. Postal Service. NIA's two air cargo terminals have of space. An adjacent aircraft ramp gives access from planes to the warehouses. +Passenger services. +Ground transportation. +There are no bus services to and from Norfolk International Airport. The closest bus stop is away. +All ground transportation services are in the arrivals terminal. There are several rental car companies in the terminal and Taxis are usually found at the main entrance. +Parking. +A nine-floor long-term parking garage is next to the arrivals terminal. It was opened in July 2002. The garage has 2,800 parking spaces. + += = = Absolute monarchy = = = +An absolute monarchy is a form of monarchy where one person, usually called a monarch (or king or queen) holds absolute power. It is in contrast to constitutional monarchy, which is restrained or controlled by other groups of people. Controllers may be an entity such as clergy, lawmakers, social elites or a written constitution. +One nation though, The Kingdom of Denmark-Norway, had the absolute rule of the monarch written in a constitution named "The King's Law" (Kongeloven). +A significant number of monarchs were previously absolute rulers within their kingdom, but after the French Revolution (end-18th century) it became ever more common for monarchs to be limited by a constitution. +Nowadays, there are a few absolute monarchies that have been preserved. Some of these remaining absolute monarchies can be found among Arab countries. + += = = Major histocompatibility complex = = = +A major histocompatibility complex, or MHC, is a molecule on the outside of immune cells such as white blood cells. It is coded for by a large gene family in all vertebrates. +The function of is MHC molecules to sense foreign antigens, and hence the presence of 'foreign' proteins. They bind peptide fragments from pathogens onto their cell surface. Once there, the fragments are recognized by T-cells. Adaptive immunity depends on this reaction. +Effectiveness. +Two properties of MHC molecules make it difficult for pathogens to dodge the immune response. +1. MHC is polygenic. There are several different genes, so that each person or animal has a set of MHC molecules which bind somewhat different ranges of peptides. +2. The MHC genes are highly polymorphic. This means there are multiple variants alleles of each gene in the population. The polymorphism is so high that in a mixed population there are no two individuals with exactly the same set of MHC genes and molecules, with the exception of identical twins. +Inside a population, the presence of many different alleles means there will almost always be an individual with a specific MHC molecule able to load the correct peptide to recognize a specific microbe. The evolution of the MHC polymorphism means that a population will not succumb to a new pathogen or a mutated one, because at least some individuals will be able to develop an adequate immune response to defeat the pathogen. The variations in the MHC molecules are the result of the inheritance of different MHC molecules. +Transplants. +Transplants are limited to those which get the least reaction from the MHC system in tests of tissue matches. +Autoimmune diseases. +An autoimmune disease occurs when the immune cells do not recognize the MHC molecules of other cells and starts attacking its own body. + += = = Apollo 8 = = = +Apollo 8 was a mission in the Apollo program in December 1968. It was the first crewed spaceflight to leave Earth orbit and first to orbit the Moon. Commander Frank Borman, Pilot Jim Lovell and Bill Anders transmitted a television show while they were in orbit. The Apollo Lunar Module that could land on the Moon had not yet been built, so they went in the Apollo Command/Service Module and photographed and studied the Moon from above. Ten orbits around the Moon took twenty hours. After that, they fired their rockets and returned to Earth. + += = = Kyoko Okazaki = = = + is a Japanese manga artist and writer. +Select works. +Her work includes + += = = Mashpee, Massachusetts = = = +Mashpee is a town in Massachusetts. The Otis Air National Guard Base is here. Camp Edwards is also in Mashpee. + += = = Bradley Bell = = = +Clinton Bradley David Bell (born March 18, 1983 in Davison, Michigan), is an American keyboardist, pianist, synthesist, and backing vocalist. He is best known for being the keyboardist of post-hardcore band Chiodos. Bell was also the keyboardist of pop punk band Cinematic Sunrise as well as the keyboardist of experimental rock band The Sound of Animals Fighting. + += = = Birmingham Airport = = = +Birmingham Airport is an airport near the City of Birmingham, England. +It is 5.5 nautical miles (6.1 miles or 10.2 kilometers) east southeast of Birmingham city centre. Its local authority is the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull in the West Midlands. +The airport offers both domestic flights within the UK, and international flights to destinations in Europe, the Middle East, Pakistan, North America and the Caribbean. After handling 9.6 million passengers in 2008, the number of passengers dropped to 8,572,398 in 2010, making Birmingham the seventh busiest UK airport. The airport is a base for Ryanair, and also charter airlines Bmibaby and Thomson Airways. +Birmingham has a CAA (Civil Aviation Authority) Public Use Aerodrome Licence (Number P451) that allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction. +Rail links. +The airport has a train station, Birmingham International, that is on the West Coast Main Line. The station is managed by Avanti West Coast. Passengers can catch direct trains to Birmingham city centre, London, Manchester, Liverpool, Glasgow and Edinburgh, run by Avanti West Coast. Trains run by CrossCountry also let passengers catch direct trains to Bournemouth, Plymouth, Bristol, Cardiff, Penzance, Sheffield and Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Trains stopping at local suburban stations also stop at the station, run by West Midlands Trains. + += = = Shima Province = = = + or was a old province of Japan in the area of Mie Prefecture. +History. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Izu Province were reformed in the 1870s. +Shrines and Temples. +"Izawanomiya jinja" and "Izawa jinja" were the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") of Hōki. + += = = Etta James = = = +Etta James (born Jamesetta Hawkins, January 25, 1938 - January 20, 2012) was an American singer. She was born in Los Angeles, California. Her styles included jazz, blues, soul and R&B. She received many awards during her career. She was active for almost sixty years. James died of leukemia in Riverside, California at 73, just before her 74th birthday. Beyoncé Knowles played James in the 2008 musical "Cadillac Records". James released her last album "The Dreamer" in 2011. The album is a collection of covers. +Awards. +James won six Grammy Awards. One of them was the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. She was given the award in 2003. James was put in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1993. + += = = Bend Over and Pray the Lord = = = +Bend Over and Pray the Lord is an album from the Finnish hard rock/heavy metal band Lordi. It was recorded in 1997, but not published. The songs were published in 2012 in collection album "Scarchives Vol. 1". + += = = Babez for Breakfast = = = +Babez for Breakfast is an album from the Finnish hard rock/heavy metal band Lordi. + += = = Tingwall Airport = = = +Tingwall Airport also known as Lerwick/Tingwall Airport, is in Shetland, near its capital Lerwick. +Flights go to and from other islands in Shetland. There is another airport, Sumbugh Airport, which has flights to and from the Scottish mainland. +Tingwall Aerodrome has a CAA Ordinary Licence (Number P614) that allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction as authorised by the licensee (Shetland Islands Council). + += = = Sumburgh Airport = = = +Sumburgh Airport is the main airport connecting the Shetland Islands with mainland Scotland. It is on the southernmost tip of Shetland, 17 nautical miles (20 miles or 31 km) south of Lerwick. +The airport is unusual in that it has a 550 metre helicopter runway instead of the usual helipad. The western end of runway 09 crosses the A970 road between Sumburgh and the northern mainland; access is controlled by a level crossing with barriers lowered whenever a flight is taking off or landing. +HIAL receives subsidies from the Scottish Ministers in accordance with Section 34 of the Civil Aviation Act 1982. Annual Reports and Accounts are submitted to the Scottish Ministers. +Sumburgh was a former RAF airfield, with two runways. It saw regular action in World War II. 404 Squadron operated Beaufighter Mark VI and X aircraft from this station on coastal raids against Axis shipping off the coast of Norway and in the North Sea. + += = = List of airports in Japan = = = +List of airports in Japan may be grouped by type and or by location. +Airport classifications. +In Japan, airports serving civil aviation routes are governed by Japanese law. +The Airport Development Law establishes four classifications for airports. +Some airports in Japan are not within the scope of the Japanese airport statutes. These include U.S. military bases: Kadena Air Base, Iwakuni Air Base and Yokota Air Base. + += = = Håkan Juholt = = = +Håkan Juholt (born 16 September 1962 in Oskarshamn, Sweden) is a Swedish Social Democratic politician and the former head of the Swedish Social Democratic Workers' Party. He has been a member of the Swedish Riksdag since 1994 representing Kalmar län, and has also worked as a photographer and journalist. He resigned from the post as leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Workers' Party nine months after being chosen for the post in March 2011. + += = = Kansai International Airport = = = + is a Japanese airport in Osaka. It is an international airport for the region. +The airport is on an artificial island in Osaka Bay, southwest of Ōsaka Station. +It opened 4 September 1994, and the gross area is 1,068ha. This airport has two runways. One is 3500m×60m, and the other is 4000×60m. +In 2011, the total number of passengers was 13,651,184 (9,902,449 were international and 3,748,735 were domestic), and of landing was 53,899 (38,252 were international and 15,647 were domestic). + += = = List of aviation terms = = = +The following is a list of terms commonly used in aviation. + += = = Stornoway Airport = = = +Stornoway Airport is an airfield on the Outer Hebrides Isle of Lewis. It is about 2 nautical miles (2.2 miles; 3.7 km) east of Stornoway, the biggest town on the island. +The Royal Air Force maintained an RAF airbase at the site of the airport until 1998. +Stornoway Airport is owned by HIAL, a company controlled by the Scottish Government. The airfield was first opened in 1937, and used mainly for military purposes. NATO aircraft used the airport for missions over the North Atlantic and for stop overs to Greenland and the United States. +Nowadays the airfield is mainly used for domestic passenger services. The Royal Mail also operates a daily mail flight. CHC Helicopters operate two Sikorsky S-92 helicopters, equipped for search and rescue on behalf of the Coastguard. The helicopter crews have flown on over 3,100 callouts since the establishment of the service in May 1987. There are also several privately owned light aircraft based at the airport. +Stornoway Airport was also the location of an emergency landing made by an American Airlines Boeing twin-engined 767 jet, on its way from Sweden to Chicago in April 2001, due to a medical emergency on board. It stayed at the airport for 2 days. +Flights to Aberdeen, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Inverness and Benbecula are regular. + += = = Canberra International Airport = = = +Canberra International Airport , known as Canberra Airport, is the airport for Australia's capital city, Canberra, and the city of Queanbeyan, NSW. It is in North Canberra. Canberra Airport is the 8th busiest airport in Australia. The airport is also the base for Brindabella Airlines. Canberra is an international airport. +Canberra Airport is managed and operated by the Canberra Airport Group Pty Ltd. The Airport has two runways, the 17/35 and the 12/30. Flights in and out of the airport are mainly to and from eastern Australia. Canberra Airport handled more than three million passengers in 2009. Since 2009, the Canberra Airport Main Terminal is being rebuilt and should be completed in 2012. The Southern Extension of the new terminal was completed in November 2010. The Western Extension has not been started. +Location. +The Airport is about 8–10 minutes drive from the city centre, 15 minutes from the suburb of Gungahlin and 10 minutes from Queanbeyan. Travel times can be much longer at peak times due to traffic congestion. +The land is currently divided into five areas: +History. +The airport was built in the 1920s, not long after the National Capital site was decided. In 1939, the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) took over the airport, but kept an area for civil aviation. +On 13 August 1940, in Canberra air disaster, a RAAF Lockheed Hudson flying from Melbourne crashed into a small hill east of the airport. Four crew and six passengers were killed. The Chief of the General Staff and three Federal Government ministers were among the dead. James Fairbairn, Minister for Air and Civil Aviation, also died. The Fairbairn Airbase was named after him. In 1962 the military side of the Airport was renamed RAAF Base Fairbairn. The north-east part of the Airport is called the Fairbairn Business Park. +Canberra International Airport Pty Ltd took over the airport in 1998. They leased the RAAF area to the Department of Defence. It was closed as a RAAF base in 2003, (although No. 34 Squadron RAAF remains based there). The RAAF area was renamed Defence Establishment Fairbairn. +Redevelopment of the Airport, including new terminal buildings, started in 1998. In early December 2007, plans were announced to construct a new terminal, but these plans were placed on hold in late 2008. A 600m extension to the airport's runway and upgrades to runway systems were completed in 2006. + += = = Chūbu International Airport = = = + , also known as Centrair, is an Japanese airport on an artificial island in Ise Bay in Aichi Prefecture. It is an international airport for the region. +The airport is south of Nagoya in central Japan. + += = = Amir Talai = = = +Amir Talai (born June 24, 1977) is an Iranian-American actor, singer, voice artist, writer, and activist. He is well known for playing a variety of characters in movies and television shows.On Saturday, October 14, it was announced that he will be part of the main cast of the adults series Hazbin Hotel, participating as Alastor. "He just makes funny voices". +Early Life and Education. +Talai was born and raised in San Francisco, CA and is the first child of Iranian immigrants, Mohammad and Sima Talai. He speaks English, Persian, and French. Talai attended a French immersion school through 8th grade, after which he attended Lowell High School. He received a degree from UC Berkeley with a major in Mass Communications and a minor in Dramatic Arts. +Personal Life. +Talai lives in Los Angeles, CA with his wife Nina Manni, who he married in 2011. +Acting Career. +Talai began working as an actor in San Francisco after graduating from UC Berkeley. He later moved to Los Angeles, where he enrolled in The Groundlings, eventually joining the Groundlings Sunday Company. His two big breaks were The Comeback and Campus Ladies, both cult shows with poor ratings but a substantial number of fans in Hollywood. Talai has more than 125 film, TV, and voice-over credits, making him arguably the most prolific Iranian-American actor of his generation. Notable credits include What To Expect When You’re Expecting, Harold and Kumar Escape From Guantanamo Bay, LA to Vegas, How I Met Your Mother, Bones, American Horror Story, and The Shrink Next Door. +Singing. +Talai has performed in musicals since high school, and has performed on stage regionally including at the Hollywood Bowl in Guys and Dolls and Annie and at the Paris Las Vegas Resort in the Queen jukebox musical We Will Rock You. +Activism. +Talai has been outspoken on social media in regard to racism, misogyny, gun control, worker’s rights, and other issues. He has volunteered with numerous Democratic campaigns since 2004. At the 2017 Women’s March, Talai carried a sign that read A photo of the sign went viral and was subsequently featured in numerous books, textbooks, and articles. +Writing. +Talai has written about depictions of Middle Eastern people for Vulture and Buzzfeed News, calling attention to the whitewashing of Middle Eastern actors and the dearth of opportunities for Middle Eastern actors to play roles that don’t involve terrorism or Islam. + += = = Haneda Airport = = = + , usually called is an airport in Tokyo, Japan. It is one of the two main airports in the Greater Tokyo Area. Two of Japan's major airlines, Japan Airlines and All Nippon Airways, are based in Haneda Airport. Other Japanese airlines are also based in Haneda. Haneda was the main international airport in Tokyo up to 1978. After that, most domestic flights to and from Tokyo stayed at Haneda, and most international flights moved to Narita International Airport. +The airport is in Ōta, Tokyo, south of Tokyo Station. Access to the airport by train starts at Hamamatsucho Station or at Shinagawa Station. + += = = Washington Dulles International Airport = = = +Washington Dulles International Airport is a public airport in Dulles, Virginia. It is west of Washington, D.C. The airport serves the Baltimore-Washington DC-Northern Virginia metropolitan area and the District of Columbia. It is named after John Foster Dulles. He was the Secretary of State under Dwight D. Eisenhower. The Dulles main terminal is a well-known landmark it was designed by Eero Saarinen. The airport is run by the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. Dulles Airport covers an area of . It is on the border of Fairfax County and Loudoun County, Virginia. +Dulles lies in two unincorporated communities, Chantilly and Dulles. It is west of Herndon and southwest of Sterling. Washington Dulles Airport is the largest airport in the Washington metropolitan area. It is one of the nation's busiest airports. The airport has over 23 million passengers a year. Daily, more than 60,000 passengers leave Washington Dulles to more than 125 destinations around the world. Dulles is the busiest airport in Virginia. It is also the busiest in the Baltimore Washington Metropolitan Area. It is accessible via the Washington Metro's Silver line. +At the end of World War II, growth in aviation and in the Washington metropolitan area caused Congress to pass the Washington Airport Act of 1950. This provided the money for a second airport. The location was selected by President Dwight Eisenhower in 1958. +In fiction. +Dulles has been used for many Washington based movies. This started soon after it opened with the 1964 movie "Seven Days in May". The 1983 comedy "D.C. Cab", starring Mr. T, Adam Baldwin and Gary Busey showed scenes outside of the main terminal at Dulles Airport. The action movie "" takes place mainly at Dulles airport. The plot of the movie deals with the takeover of the airport's tower and communication systems by terrorists. The movie was not filmed at Dulles. Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) and the now-closed Stapleton International Airport in Denver were used. Part of the thriller "The Package" (starring Gene Hackman and Tommy Lee Jones) took place at Dulles. Again it was not filmed in Dulles. Chicago's O'Hare International Airport was used in its place. +Portions of all three sequels to the disaster film "Airport" were filmed at Dulles: "Airport 1975", with Charlton Heston, Karen Black and George Kennedy; "Airport '77", with Jack Lemmon, Christopher Lee and George Kennedy; and "The Concorde ... Airport '79". Dulles was the site filmed as a New York City airport, in the 1999 comedy, "Forces of Nature". The airport is also shown in the movie "Body of Lies." In the scene, Leonardo DiCaprio says he is in "Dubai International" on the phone. The curved roof and windows on the upper deck of the Dulles departures area can be seen behind him. The terminal can also be seen in the movie "In The Line of Fire" starring Clint Eastwood. +Dulles is used in many episodes of the television series "The X-Files". + += = = Ketone = = = +A ketone is an organic compound that has a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom (this is called carbonyl functional group). This carbon atom must also have single bonds to two other carbon atoms. +A ketone can be produced by oxidating a secondary alcohol. +A ketone will show a strong peak between 1690 and 1715cm-1 using infrared spectroscopy. + += = = Norman Lamont = = = +Norman Stewart Hughson Lamont, Baron Lamont of Lerwick (born 8 May 1942) is a British politician. He was born in the Shetland Islands. He read Economics at the University of Cambridge. He was the Member of Parliament for Kingston-upon-Thames from 1972-1997. He was Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1990-1993. He was made a life peer in July 1998. He is the director of an investment company. + += = = Moorabbin Airport = = = +Moorabbin (Harry Hawker) Airport is an airport for light aircraft located in Mentone, Victoria, Australia. The airport is a suburb, with its own postcode "3194". The airport opened in December 1949. It was going to be called "Mentone" but this was too similar to the then French airport Menton. The name Cheltenham was too similar to the UK airport Gloucester/Cheltenham. The name comes from the nearby suburb of Moorabbin, Victoria. Moorabbin Airport is the third busiest airport in Australia by aircraft movements. +Overview. +Moorabbin Airport has five intersecting runways, an air museum, helicopter terminals, a control tower and several flight training facilities. Moorabbin Airport serves the general aviation needs for the south-eastern of Melbourne and King Island. +Getting there. +The nearest train station is Cheltenham, about from the airport. +Bus services run along Centre Dandenong Rd at the northern boundary connecting to a number of rail stations including Hampton, Highett and Dandenong. Nearest freeway is Eastlink about to the east. +Awards. +In 2006 Moorabbin Airport was named "Australian Regional Airport of the Year" + += = = Airport terminal = = = +An airport terminal is a building at an airport. It is where passengers are able to get on and off aircraft. Inside the terminal, passengers can buy tickets, leave or pick up their luggage, and be checked by security staff. The buildings that provide access to the airplanes through gates are usually called concourses. However, the words "terminal" and "concourse" are sometimes used to mean the same thing. +Small airports have only one terminal, while large airports can have several terminals and/or concourses. At small airports, the single terminal building usually has all of the functions of a terminal and a concourse. +Some larger airports have one terminal that is joined to multiple concourses via walkways, sky-bridges, or underground tunnels (such as Denver International Airport). Some larger airports have more than one terminal, each with one or more concourses (such as New York's LaGuardia Airport). Still other larger airports have multiple terminals each of which includes the functions of a concourse (such as Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport). +Most airport terminals are built in a plain style. However, some, such as Baghdad International Airport, are grand monuments, while others are considered architectural masterpieces, such as Terminal 1 at Charles de Gaulle airport near Paris or Terminal 5 at New York's JFK Airport. A few are designed to reflect the culture of an area. The terminal at Albuquerque International Sunport in New Mexico, is designed in the Pueblo Revival style made popular by architect John Gaw Meem. The terminal at Bahías de Huatulco International Airport in Huatulco, Oaxaca, Mexico, which features some palapas that are interconnected to form the airport terminal. +Airport terminal designs. +Many early terminals were built in the 1930s–1940s when air travel become popular. They are often in the art deco style architecture of the time. One such example from 1940 is the Houston Municipal Airport Terminal. Early airport terminals opened directly onto the tarmac: passengers would walk or take a bus to their aircraft. This design is still common among smaller airports. Many larger airports have "bus gates" to access aircraft which are parked beyond the main terminal. +Pier. +A pier design uses a long, narrow building with aircraft parked on both sides. One end joins to a ticketing and baggage claim area. Piers can hold a lot of aircraft and are simple to design. They can often result in a long distance from the check-in counter to the gate. At Kansai International Airport this distance is half a mile. Most large international airports have piers, including Chicago's O'Hare International Airport, Larnaca International Airport, Frankfurt International Airport, London Heathrow Airport, Rome Fiumicino Airport, Amsterdam Schiphol Airport, Murtala Muhammed International Airport, Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Bangkok International Airport, Beirut International Airport, Hong Kong International Airport, Allama Iqbal International Airport and Miami International Airport. +Satellite terminals. +A satellite terminal is a building that is not joined to other airport buildings. The aircraft can park around the entire building. The first airport to use a satellite terminal was London Gatwick Airport. Passengers use an underground tunnel to walk to the satellite from the main terminal. This was also the first setup at Los Angeles International Airport, but it has since been changed to a pier layout. The first airport to use an automatic people mover to join the main terminal with a satellite was Tampa International Airport. Other examples include the following: +Semicircular terminals. +Some airports use a semicircular terminal, with aircraft parked on one side and cars on the other. This design results in long walks for passengers changing aircraft, but greatly reduces travel times between check-in and the aircraft. Airports designed around this model include Charles de Gaulle International Airport (terminal 2), Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, Mumbai (terminal 2), Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, Seoul's Incheon International Airport, Toronto Pearson Airport, Kansas City Airport and Sapporo's New Chitose Airport. +Other. +Another unusual terminal design is the mobile lounge. Passengers are taken from the gate to their aircraft in a large vehicle which docks directly to the terminal and the aircraft. Washington Dulles International Airport, Mexico City International Airport, and Mirabel International Airport have used this design. +A mix of layouts also exist. San Francisco International Airport and Melbourne Airport use both a pier-semicircular layout and a pier layout. +Common-use. +Common-use terminal designs means airlines share check-in counters, gates and IT systems. Check-in counters and gates can be used by airlines as needed. +Records. +Dubai International Airport, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Terminal 3, is the largest single Terminal building in the world. It had an area of over (1,500,000 m2) when it opened on October 14, 2008. It can handle an excess of 43 million passengers. +Beijing, Hong Kong, Bangkok and Mexico City have the world's second, third, fourth and fifth largest single terminals (986,000 m2, 570,000 m2, 563,000 m2 and 542,000 m2) in Beijing Capital International Airport, Hong Kong International Airport, Suvarnabhumi Airport and Mexico City International Airport. +Ground transportation. +Many small and mid-size airports have a single two or three-lane one-way loop road which is used by local private vehicles and buses to drop off and pick-up passengers. +An international airport may have two one-way loop roads, one for departures and one for arrivals. It may have a direct rail connection by regional rail, light rail, or subway to the downtown or central business district of the closest major city. The largest airports may have direct connections to the closest freeway. There will be car rental agencies and taxi companies at the terminals. The Hong Kong International Airport has ferry piers on the airside to connect with ferry piers across the border. +Zones. +"Pre-Security" +"Post Security" + += = = Baltimore/Washington International Airport = = = +Baltimore/Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport is an airport serving the Washington Metropolitan Area in the United States. It is commonly called BWI. The airport is in northern Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It is about south of Baltimore and northeast of Washington, DC. BWI is named after Thurgood Marshall. He is a Baltimore native and the first African American to be on the Supreme Court of the United States. +BWI is a focus city for Southwest Airlines and Cape Air. It is a hub for AirTran Airways. 21.9 million passengers traveled through BWI in 2010. July was the busiest month ever in the airport's history. BWI was the 24th busiest airport in North America in 2010. The airport was also 47th in the world in total aircraft movements in 2008. +In 2010, BWI was listed as the best airport of its size (15–25 mil. passengers) in the world by the Airports Council International. This was based on its 2009 Airport Service Quality survey. The airport also won second place for North American airports in the "Best Food and Beverage Program" of the 2010 Richard A. Griesbach Excellence in Airport Concessions Contest. +History. +The planning to build a new airport on to serve the Baltimore/Washington area began just after World War II. Construction began in 1947. The airport was first named Friendship International Airport after the Friendship Methodist Church which was next to the land used to build the airport until 1948. The airport was opened on June 24, 1950, by President Harry Truman. In April 1957, the airport had 52 weekday departures. Eastern, Capital, American, National, TWA, United, 2 Delta and Allegheny flew through BWI at that time. The early Boeing 707s and Douglas DC-8s could not use Washington National, and Dulles was not built until 1962, so Baltimore became Washington's jet airport. It dealt with flights across the continent. +The State of Maryland bought Friendship International Airport from Baltimore for $36 million in 1972. The Maryland State Aviation Administration took control of the airfield. To get more passengers from the Washington area, the airport was renamed Baltimore/Washington International Airport in 1973. +The BWI Rail Station opened in 1980. It gave a rail connection to passengers on the Northeast Corridor though Amtrak. BWI became the first airport in the United States to be served by a major rail station. The station had easy access to Washington, D.C. This is something that Washington Dulles International Airport still does not have. In 1997, a new international terminal (Concourse E) was added. Dulles still deals with most of the region's international flights. Air Jamaica and British Airways have used BWI for many years. AerLingus, Air Aruba, Air Greenland, El Al, Ghana Airways, Icelandair, KLM, Ladeco, and Mexicana have used BWI in the past. Military flights by the U.S. Air Force's Air Mobility Command still use BWI. +Beginning in the 1980s and for much of the 1990s, BWI was a major hub for Piedmont Airlines and US Airways. Financial problems because of the dot-com bust, the September 11 attacks, and competition which lowered ticket prices caused them to be less active at the airport. Southwest Airlines' began using the airport in September 1993. Southwest is now the airport's largest carrier. It had 56.76% of the passengers carried in 2008. Southwest recently bought AirTran. Because of this, Southwest Holdings now has an average of 214 departures each day. BWI is now Southwest's 3rd largest destination. BWI has International flights to London, Mexico, Canada, and the Caribbean and domestic flights throughout the United States. + += = = Fukuoka Airport = = = + , formerly known as Itazuke Air Base, is a Japanese airport in Fukuoka. +The airport is in Hakata, which is south-east of the city center. No other airport in Japan is so close to the central part of the city as Fukuoka Airport. +Fukuoka is officially a second class airport. It is operating at full capacity, and cannot be further expanded. +Fukuoka Airport is the fourth busiest passenger airport in Japan. + += = = Vancouver International Airport = = = +Vancouver International Airport is a public-use airport on Sea Island in Richmond, British Columbia, Canada. It is about 12 km (7.5 mi) from Downtown Vancouver. It serves Vancouver and the rest of British Columbia. In 2010, it was the second busiest airport in Canada by aircraft movements (296,511) and passengers (16.8 million), right behind Toronto Pearson International Airport. + += = = Heo Chohui = = = +Heo Chohui (Korean: ���, Hanja: ���, 1563–1589) was Korean Joseon Dynastys poet, writer and painter. A Chinese style name was Gyungbeon(��, ��), nickname was Nanseolheon(���, ���). +one of a famous woman poet, artise of 16th Century Koreas, elder sister of Heo Gyun + += = = Sarah Burke = = = +Sarah Burke (September 3, 1982 – January 19, 2012) was a Canadian athlete who competed in freestyle skiing and was a pioneer of the superpipe event. During her career, she won four Winter X Games gold medals and world championship in the halfpipe in 2005. She lobbied to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to add the event added to the Olympic program for the 2014 Winter Olympics and was successful after trying to add it to the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Burke was considered a medal favourite in the event. In 2006, she was voted #91 on the FHM-U.S.'s 100 Sexiest Women list. She married freeskier Rory Bushfield in Pemberton, British Columbia on September 25, 2010. +On January 10, 2012, She was seriously injured while she was training on the Park City Mountain Resort Eagle superpipe in Park City, Utah. Witnesses reported that she completed a trick very well but fell on her head, and that the accident did not appear to be very severe. However, she later went into cardiac arrest while she was still on the ski slope which made her chance of survival extremely low. She was resuscitated and was airlifted to the University of Utah Hospital in Salt Lake City, where she was reported to have been placed in an induced coma. The next day, she underwent neurosurgery to repair a tear in a vertebral artery. She would later succumb to her injuries on January 19, 2012. + += = = Adderall = = = +Amphetamine mixed salts (also known as amphetamine and dextroamphetamine mixed salts, amphetamine salt combo, or simply amphetamine salts) is a medication used in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It is sold under the brand name Adderall. The drug contains a mixture of the salts of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Both of these salts act as stimulants. The drug therefore helps people stay alert and concentrate on what they are doing. The downside of this medication is decreased fatigue, and decreased appetite. +The sustained-release (or extended-release) formulation is sold under the brand name Adderall XR. This formulation is designed to provide therapeutic effect and plasma concentrations. This is the same as taking two doses 4 hours apart. The normal dosage of Adderall XR is 20 milligrams. + += = = Aechmea chantinii = = = +Aechmea chantinii is a bromeliad plant. It is found in the Amazon Rainforest. Commonly known as Amazonian zebra plant, it is often used as an ornamental plant. + += = = Kobe Airport = = = + is an airport in Kobe, Japan. Most flights are in Japan, but it also has been an international airport for charter flights. +The airport is on an artificial island close to the coast of Kobe. It is south of Sannomiya Station, a main train station in the city. +History. +The city government of Kobe proposed an airport in the harbor next to Port Island. Early planning was published in 1982. +The airport opened on February 16, 2006. The first international aircraft flight was September 2006. It is a 3rd class airport. + += = = Social liberalism = = = +Social liberalism also known as left liberalism in Germany, modern liberalism in the United States and new liberalism in the United Kingdom, is a political philosophy and variety of liberalism that endorses a regulated market economy and the expansion of civil and political rights. Under social liberalism, the common good is viewed as harmonious with the freedom of the individual. +Social liberalism is different from classical liberalism: it thinks the state should address economic and social issues. Examples of problems the state might work on include unemployment, health care, and education. For example, there was no state support for general education in Britain before about 1870. Support for poor people came from private charities, and the church. +A commitment to a fair distribution of wealth and power led gradually (over about a century) to support public services as ways of fairly distributing wealth. Democracy improved by increasing the franchise (the right to vote) to all adults. Some countries which did not have democracy now do have it. +According to social liberalism, the government should also expand civil rights. Under social liberalism, the good of the community is viewed as harmonious with the freedom of the individual. Many parts of the capitalist world have used social liberal policies, especially after World War II. +John Rawls's published a book called "A Theory of Justice" in 1971, he suggested that ‘new liberalism’ is focused upon developing a theory of social justice. This idea of liberalism leads to issues of sharing, equality, and fairness in social and political circumstances. It is controversial because it attacks neoliberalism. +Social liberal ideas and parties tend to be considered centrist or centre-left. + += = = VIT University = = = +Vellore Institute of Technology, (also known as VIT University and abbreviated as VIT) is a university in Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. VIT has nine schools. + += = = Inverness Airport = = = +Inverness Airport is an international airport at Dalcross, 7 nautical miles (~8 miles or 13 km) north east of the city of Inverness in the Scottish Highlands. +The airport is the main gateway for travellers to the Highlands and Islands. There are a wide range of scheduled services throughout the United Kingdom and Ireland; also there are limited charter and freight flights to continental Europe. 591,397 passengers passed through the airport in 2009. It is owned by Highlands and Islands Airports Limited (HIAL) who own most of the regional airports in mainland Scotland and the outlying islands. +Like many of the airports in the Highlands and Islands, this airport was originally a RAF air base, and played a role in World War II. It was converted to civilian use in 1947. + += = = Kirkwall Airport = = = +Kirkwall Airport is the main airport serving the Orkney Islands in Scotland. It is 2.5 nautical miles (2.9 miles or 4.6 km) southeast of Kirkwall, the largest town in Orkney. +The airport, a former RAF base, is owned by Highlands and Islands Airports Limited. The airport is used by Flybe franchise service, operated by Loganair. + += = = RAF Down Ampney = = = +RAF Down Ampney was a Royal Air Force station. It was near Cricklade, Gloucestershire, England. Down Ampney was built in February 1944 and it was closed down in February 1947. It was used during World War II. +The airfield was part of a group of three airfields. The other two were RAF Broadwell and RAF Blakehill Farm. The job of these three airfields was to transport (move) things by air. + += = = Sendai Airport = = = + is a Japanese airport in Natori, Miyagi, south southeast of Sendai Station in Sendai. +The airport handles domestic flights, and it is an international airport. It is officially classified as a 2nd class airport. +History. +In 1940, the Imperial Japanese Army built Sendai Airport. In 1943, it was reformed into Sendai Army Flight School. +At the end of World War II, the United States Army took control of the airport and its operations. +In 1956, Sendai Airport was returned to Japan. +The airport is marked by the design of its terminal. The curving and waving roof imitates the mountainous landscape and undulating sea edge that surrounds it. The building was finished in 1997. It was designed by Gyo Obata of Hellmuth, Obata + Kassabaum (HOK). According to HOK, the iconic form represents the aspirations of the region. +2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. +During the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake, the airport was damaged by the tremors and it was flooded. +A week later, military engineers opened the airport for disaster relief. +The airport served as a transit location for airlifted supplies, including 2 million tons of such items as blankets, water, and food. + += = = Aquele Beijo = = = +Aquele Beijo ("That Kiss") is a Brazilian historical telenovela. It was first shown in 2011. The series starred Giovanna Antonelli, Ricardo Pereira and Grazi Massafera. + += = = Sydney Airport = = = +Sydney (Kingsford Smith) Airport (also known as Kingsford-Smith Airport and Sydney Airport) is in the suburb of Mascot in Sydney, Australia. It is Sydney's main airport, and is the main hub for Qantas, and a secondary hub for Virgin Australia and Jetstar Airways. It is next to Botany Bay. The airport has three runways, the "east–west", "north–south" and "third" runways. +Sydney Airport is one of the oldest airports in the world still in use. It is the busiest airport in Australia, handling 36 million passengers in 2010 and 289,741 aircraft movements in 2009. It was the 28th busiest airport in the world in 2009. The airport is managed by Sydney Airport Corporation Limited (SACL). Flights from Sydney link with all parts of Australia. There are direct flights to 47 Australian cities and towns +History. +1920–30: Early history. +Before the airport was built, it was a field for bullocks. Nigel Love, a former World War I pilot, wanted to start building aircraft. He needed to set up a factory and an aerodrome close to the city. He found some land owned by the Kensington Race Club. It had been used by a local abattoir, which was closing down, to graze sheep and cattle. The surface was perfectly flat and was covered with a pasture of buffalo grass. This grass which had been grazed so evenly by the sheep and cattle running on it that it was easy to make it suitable to land aircraft. In addition, it was clear for aircraft on all four sides. On the sides of the field were a racecourse, gardens, a river and Botany Bay. +Love set up Mascot as a private business, leasing from the Kensington Race club for three years. At first he had a small canvas structure but was later put up an imported Richards hangar. The first flight from Mascot was on 19 November 1919 when Love took movie cameraman Billy Marshall up in an Avro. The official opening flight took place on 9 January 1920, also performed by Love. +In 1921 the Australian government purchased in Mascot to set up a public airfield. In 1923, at the end of Love's three-year lease, the government took the land from the racing club. The first regular flights began in 1924. +1930–60. +In 1933, the first gravel runways were built. The course of Cooks River was moved away from the area in 1947–52 to provide more land for the airport and other small streams were filled. When Mascot was declared an aerodrome in 1920 it was known as Sydney Airport. In 1953 it was renamed Sydney (Kingsford Smith) Airport after Charles Kingsford Smith, a pioneering Australian aviator. The first paved runway was 07–25 and the next one built was 16R, sticking out into Botany Bay, starting in 1959, to land large jets. 07-25 is used mainly by lighter aircraft, although large four engine jet aircraft still land on the runway from the east, when south-westerly winds are blowing in Sydney. 16R is presently the longest operational runway in Australia, with paved length and between the zebra thresholds. +1960–2000. +By the 1960s a new international terminal was needed, and work started in late 1966. The new building was officially opened on 3 May 1970, by Queen Elizabeth II. +The first Boeing 747 "Jumbo Jet" to land at the airport, Pan American's "Clipper Flying Cloud" (N734PA), arrived on 4 October 1970. In the 1970s the north-south runway was made longer to become one of the longest runways in the southern hemisphere. The international terminal was made bigger in 1992 and has been modernized several times since then. +Having only two runways that crossed each other became a problem and various governments tried to increase with Sydney airport's capacity for many years. A decision was finally made to build a third runway. This was not popular with people who lived near the airport. The third runway was built parallel to the existing main "north–south" runway entirely on reclaimed land from Botany Bay). A proposed new airport on the outskirts of Sydney was not developed. +The "third runway" remained a problem because of increased aircraft movements, especially over many inner suburbs. The 1990s saw the setting up of the No Aircraft Noise Party, although it did not win any seats in Parliament. Changes for Sydney Airport's operation were introduced by the Howard government in 1996. These included: +2000–10. +In 2002, the Australian Government sold Sydney Airport to Southern Cross Airports Corporation Holdings Ltd. 82.93% of SACL is owned by MAp Airports International Limited, part of Macquarie Bank. Sydney Airport Intervest GmbH own 12.11% and Ontario Teachers' Australia Trust own 4.96%. SACL holds a 99-year lease on the airport which remains Crown land. +The international terminal has been made bigger several times. The next rebuilding will take place in stages over twenty years (2005–25). This will include a high-rise office block, a multi-level car park, and bigger international and domestic terminals. This rebuilding and other plans of Macquarie Bank for the airport are seen as controversial. They do not need the legal oversight of local councils, which usually act as the local planning authority for such developments. +As of April 2006, some of the proposed development has been scaled back. +Sydney Airport's International terminal underwent a $500 million rebuild that was completed in mid 2010. It included a new baggage system, an extra of space for shops and passenger waiting areas and other improvements. +In March 2010, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission said that prices at Sydney airport were too high. The report said Sydney Airport recorded the highest average prices at $13.63 per passenger, compared to the lowest of $7.96 at Melbourne Airport. The price of short-term parking had almost doubled in the 2008–09 financial year, from $28 to $50 for four hours. The report also said the airport abused its monopoly power. +2010–20. +In December 2011, Sydney Airport said it would divide the airport into two airline based areas which would have international, domestic and regional services under the one roof by 2019. Terminal 2 and Terminal 3 would be used by Qantas, Jetstar and members of the oneworld airline alliance. Terminal 1 would be used by Virgin Australia and its international partners. Other international airlines would continue to operate from T1. +Terminals. +Sydney Airport has three passenger terminals. The International Terminal is separated from the other two by a runway. Passengers needing to catch another flight need to allow for longer transfer times. Sydney Airport requires minimum connection times: +The airport provides a bus service between the terminals at a cost of A$5.50. +Terminal 1. +Terminal 1 was opened on 3 May 1970, replacing the old Overseas Passenger Terminal. Terminal 1 has been greatly expanded since then. Today it is known as the International Terminal, in the airport's north western area. It has 30 gates (Concourse B with 8–37 and Concourse C with 50–63) served by aerobridges, as well as a number of remote bays. It has room for the Airbus A380, which fly routes to Singapore (Singapore Airlines), London via Singapore and Los Angeles (Qantas), Dubai and Auckland (Emirates). The terminal building has three levels, one each for arrivals, departures and airline offices. The departure level has 20 rows of check-in desks, each with 10 single desks making a total of 200 check-in desks. The terminal also has an observation deck on the roof. The terminal has six airline lounges: Two for Qantas, and one each for Air New Zealand, Singapore Airlines, Malaysia Airlines and Emirates. The terminal underwent a major $500 million redevelopment that was completed in 2010. The shopping area was made bigger, outbound customs operations were put into one place, and the floor space of the terminal increased to 254,000 square metres. +Terminal 2. +Terminal 2, in the airport's north-eastern section, was the former home of Ansett Australia's domestic operations. It has 15 parking bays with aerobridges and a number of non-contact bays. Today it serves Virgin Australia, Jetstar, Tiger Airways, Regional Express Airlines, Aeropelican Air Services and Qantaslink services operated by Eastern Australia Airlines. There are lounges for Qantas, Virgin Australia and Regional Express Airlines. +Terminal 3. +Terminal 3 is a domestic terminal, for Qantas and Qantaslink flights to Canberra. It was home for Trans Australia Airlines (later renamed Australian Airlines). Like Terminal 2 it is in the north-eastern section. The current terminal building is largely the result of extensions made during the late 1990s. There are 14 parking bays with aerobridges, including two with dual aerobridges. Terminal 3 has a large Qantas Club lounge, and a Business Class and Chairmans lounge. Terminal 3 also has a 'Heritage Collection', includes items from Qantas's 90 years of service, It also has a view of the airport and is used by plane-spotters. It is next to Gate 13. +Other terminals. +Sydney Airport once had a fourth passenger terminal, east of Terminal 2. This was formerly known as "Domestic Express" and was used by Regional Express Airlines, Virgin Blue (now known as Virgin Australia), and Impulse Airlines. However, it's now used by DHL Express and Tasman Cargo Airlines as an office building. +The Freight Terminal is north of Terminal 1. It is used for international freight operations, except for Tasman Cargo Airlines' trans-Tasman services. +Curfew. +In 1995 the Australian Government passed a law through parliament called "The Sydney Airport Curfew Act". This limits the operating hours of the airport. This was done in an effort to stop complaints about aircraft noise. The curfew disallows aircraft from taking off or landing between the hours of 23:00 and 06:00. However, some special flights are allowed between 23:00 to midnight and 05:00 to 06:00, by Section 12 of the Act. +During bad weather, flights are often late and people on late flights are unable to travel on a given day. As of 2009, four airlines had been fined for landing during the closed times. The maximum fine is A$550 000. +Transport. +Rail. +The airport can be reached from the city by the Airport Link underground rail line. The International railway station is under the International terminal, while the Domestic railway station is under the car park between the domestic terminals (Terminal 2 and Terminal 3). While the stations are part of the Cityrail network, they are privately owned and operated by Airport Link. Passengers have to pay a station fee or 'gate fee' of $11.80. This fee is added to the price of the train ticket. +The trains that go to the airport are regular suburban trains. Unlike special airport trains at other airports, they do not have special provisions for customers with luggage. They do not operate express to the airport and may have all seats occupied by commuters before the trains arrive at the airport. +Bus. +Sydney Buses operates Route 400 from Burwood to Bondi Junction railway stations and stops at the International and Domestic terminals. It connects the eastern suburbs, Inner West and St George areas to the airport. Private shuttle buses also service the airport from the Sutherland Shire, Blue Mountains and Central Coast. +Road. +Sydney Airport has road connections in all directions. Southern Cross Drive (M1), a motorway, is the fastest link with the city centre. The only other motorway, the M5 South Western Motorway (including the M5 East Freeway) links the airport with the south-western suburbs of Sydney. +There is a ring road around the airport. General Holmes Drive has a tunnel under the main north-south runway and three taxiways as well as an aircraft viewing area. Inside the airport a part-ring road joins the Domestic Terminal with the control tower, the general aviation area, car-rental company storage yards, long-term car park, heliport, various retail operations and a hotel. A perimeter road runs inside the secured area for airport vehicles only. +The Airport runs several official car parks: +There are also many private parking companies around the airport who are cheaper than the official car parks. They have free shuttle buses to the airport. +Pedestrian and bicycle. +The International Terminal is next to a wide pedestrian and bicycle path. It links Mascot and Sydney City in the north-east with Tempe (via a foot bridge over Alexandra Canal) and Botany Bay to the south-west. All terminals have bicycle racks and are also easily reached by foot from nearby areas. + += = = Quincy Jones = = = +Quincy Delight Jones Jr., (born March 14, 1933) is an American arranger, composer, conductor, record producer, and film music composer born in Chicago, Illinois. He is particularly recognized as the producer of the album "Thriller", by pop icon Michael Jackson, which has sold more than 110 million copies worldwide, more than any other album ever, and as the producer and conductor of the No.1 charity song “We Are the World”. He has been nominated for 79 Grammy Awards. He has won 27 Grammy Awards. This is more than any other artist who is alive. He has been nominated for 7 Academy Awards. +In 1990 Jones made his own company, Quincy Jones Entertainment, which produced The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air. He joined the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2013. He has seven children from five different mothers. His daughter Rashida Jones is an actress. His other daughter, Jolie Jones Levine, is the president of the Take it Back Foundation. +Career. +Jones played trumpet on Dizzy Gillespie's 1954 album "Afro". Quincy Jones' first album, "This Is How I Feel About Jazz", was released in 1957 on ABC Records. Jones met Michael Jackson when they worked on the 1978 movie "The Wiz". He produced Michael Jackson's 1979 album "Off the Wall". He produced Jackson's 1982 album "Thriller". The album won eight Grammy Awards in 1984. He produced the 1985 movie "The Color Purple". The last Jackson album he produced was "Bad". "Bad" was released in 1987. It sold 30 million copies. Jones sued Jackson's estate in 2013 for 10 million dollars. In 1994 Jones won the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award. In 2010 "Q Soul Bossa Nostra" was released. Many famous musicians sang on it, including Amy Winehouse. + += = = Southern University of Chile = = = +The Southern University of Chile () is a Chilean university. It is in Valdivia in Puerto Montt, Osorno and Coyhaique. It was started in 1954. + += = = Jinder Mahal = = = +Yuvraj "Raj" Dhesi (born July 19, 1986 in Calgary, Alberta) is an Indian-Canadian professional wrestler. He is currently working with the WWE for the Raw brand under the ring name Jinder Mahal. He is a former WWE Champion, United States Champion and two-time 24/7 Champion. He has also worked on the independent circuit under the ring name Tiger Raj Singh. During his first WWE run from 2010 to 2014, Mahal was known for being part of the stable 3MB (three-man-band) along with Heath Slater and Drew McIntyre. +On June 12, 2014, Mahal was released from his WWE contract. However, he returned in August of 2016 looking much stronger than when he left. At WrestleMania 33, he was the last person eliminated from the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal which was won by Mojo Rawley. On the April 18, 2017 episode of SmackDown, he won a #1 contender's six-pack challenge for the WWE Championship and at Backlash, he won the title from Randy Orton. This made him the first wrestler with family from India to win the title. +Dhesi is of Sikh descent. + += = = Medeco = = = +Medeco is a manufacturer of high-security locks. The name Medeco is short for Mechanical Development Company. It is a subsidiary of the Swedish Assa Abloy Group. +The Medeco cylinder uses a rotating pin and sidebar design with angled cuts on the keys that rotate the pins, making it more difficult to pick than most other locks. However, it is possible to pick a Medeco lock. In 2006, it was discovered that a set of only four bump keys could open almost any Medeco lock at that time. Newer Medeco locks require a much larger set of bump keys. These keys are referred to as the "Four Keys to the Kingdom" among locksmiths. Medeco is owned by the ASSA ABLOY Group, which also owns Abloy and many other lock manufacturers. + += = = Dhillon = = = +Dhillon is a jatt clan. They originally came from the Jodhpur region of Rajasthan, and settled in the Punjab, but today mostly live in the southern region of Haryana (around Bhiwani, Jind, Jajjar, and Kaithl). + += = = List of busiest airports in the United Kingdom = = = +This list of the 20 busiest airports is ranked in order of passenger traffic. + += = = LaGuardia Airport = = = +LaGuardia Airport () is an airport in the northern part of the New York City borough of Queens. The airport is on the edge of Flushing Bay and Bowery Bay. It borders the neighborhoods of Astoria, Jackson Heights and East Elmhurst. +La Guardia is popular because of its location near to Manhattan. Although the airport is small in size, wide-body airliners once flew there often. The McDonnell Douglas DC-10 and Lockheed L-1011 were designed for use at LaGuardia. The Boeing 767-400ER is the largest airliner that once flew to LGA; from 2000 to 2005, Delta used the 764 with 285 seats. Today, there are usually no widebody flights. Delta Air Lines does use a Boeing 767-300 at times for one of its Atlanta flights, and Air Canada sometimes sends their 767-300s there. On July 11, 2012, the airport became a domestic hub for Delta Air Lines. It is also a focus city for American Airlines and American Eagle. +LaGuardia is the smallest of the New York metropolitan area's three main airports. The other two are John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) in southern Queens and Newark Liberty International in Newark, New Jersey. LaGuardia is the closest of the three to Manhattan. These three airports are the largest airport system in the United States. They are the second most busy system of airports in the world by number of passengers. They are the first in the world in terms of total flight operations. In 2010, the airport had just under 24.0 million passenger. JFK had 46.5 million and Newark had 33.1 million. A total of about 104 million travelers used New York airports. +Most flights from LaGuardia go to locations inside the United States and Canada. Some flights also go to Aruba, the Bahamas, and Bermuda, which have United States Department of Homeland Security preclearance services. The airport has ICE/CPB facilities to deal with customs and immigration for international flights but they cannot deal with a large number of passengers at one time. LaGuardia is the busiest airport in the United States without any non-stop flights to and from Europe. Nonstop flights to or from LaGuardia are limited to only . This does not include flights on Saturdays and flights to Denver. Because of this most flights across the continent and international flights use JFK or Newark. +The airport was first named Glenn H. Curtiss Airport. It was named for Glenn Hammond Curtiss. It was later renamed North Beach Airport. New York City took control of the airport and named it New York Municipal Airport-LaGuardia Field. In 1953, it was named "LaGuardia Airport" for Fiorello La Guardia, the mayor of New York when the airport was built. The airport is run by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. + += = = Bipasha Basu = = = +Bipasha Basu (born 7 January 1979) is an Indian movie actress who appears in Hindi language movies. She has also worked in Telugu, Tamil and Bengali language movies. She was a successful model before appearing in movies. +Basu's first movie as an actress was "Ajnabee" (2001). Her first successful movie was "Raaz" (2002). She was chosen for Filmfare Best Actress Award for Raaz. She then appeared in commercial successes like "No Entry" (2005), "Phir Hera Pheri" (2006) and "Race" (2008). "Dhoom 2" (2007) is her biggest commercial success so far. Her work in "Apaharan" (2005), "Corporate" (2006) and "Bachna Ae Haseeno" (2008) was praised by movie critics. This led to her becaming a leading actress in the Hindi movie Industry. +Basu is also known for her dances like "Phoonk De" in "No Smoking" (2007) and "Beedi" in "Omkara" (2006). She has completed filming her first international movie, "Singularity". Basu married boyfriend of two years TV Actor Karan Singh Grover in a private Bengali ceremony on 30 April 2016. +Early life and modelling career. +Basu was born to a Bengali Hindu family in New Delhi. She lived in Pampoosh Enclave, Nehru Place and studied at Apeejay High School. She was 8 when her family moved to Kolkata. She continued studying in Kolkata at Bhavan's Gangabux Kanoria Vidyamandir. +Basu studied commerce at Bhawanipur Education Society College after 12th standard. She had planned to become a doctor before taking commerce. She did modelling shows in her college as a hobby. In 1996, she won the Godrej Cinthol Supermodel Contest and went to New York to became a successful model. +Acting career. +Early work (2001-02). +Vinod Khanna was one of the judges at the supermodel contest in which Basu participated. He wanted to introduce her with his son Akshaye Khanna in "Himalay Putra". Basu felt she was too young and refused the offer. Later, Anjala Zaveri agreed to the role. Another judge Jaya Bacchan wanted to introduce Basu with her son Abhishek Bacchan in "Akhari Mughal". However, "Akhari Mughal" was never made. +In 2001, Basu finally appeared in her first movie "Ajnabee" (2001). The movie was directed by Abbas-Mustan. It failed commercially and received negative reviews from critics. + += = = Joe Paterno = = = +Joseph Vincent "Joe" Paterno (; December 21, 1926 — January 22, 2012) was an American college football coach. He was the head coach of the Penn State Nittany Lions for 46 years from 1966 through 2011. Paterno's nickname was "JoePa". +Paterno was an Italian-American who was born and raised in Brooklyn. His team won 409 games with him as coach, so he had the record for the most wins by an NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) coach. He is the only FBS coach to reach 400 victories. He coached five undefeated teams that won major bowl games. In 2007, was entered the College Football Hall of Fame. +Penn State trustees fired Paterno in the middle of the football season in November 2011. The university was concerned about Paterno's possible responsibility after long-time assistant coach Jerry Sandusky was arrested on child sexual abuse charges. +Paterno died of lung cancer on January 22, 2012. + += = = Heo Gyun = = = +Heo Gyun (Korean: ��, Hanja: ��, 1569-1618) was a Korean writer, politician and poet during the Joseon Dynasty. His Chinese name was Danbo (��, ��). Other names were Gyosan (��, ��), Seongso (��, ��), Baikwolgeosa (����, ����). + += = = Oki Airport = = = + is a Japanese airport on the island of Dōgo which is one of the Oki Islands. +The airport is in the town of Okinoshima. This is part of the Shimane Prefecture. +It is officially classified as a 3rd class airport. + += = = Holly Valance = = = +Holly Valance (born Holly Rachel Vukadinovic on 11 May 1983) is an Australian actress, singer and model. She is a dual citizen of Australia and the United Kingdom. She was born in Melbourne to an English immigrant mother and Serbian immigrant father. She began her career in 1999 as Felicity Scully on Australian soap opera "Neighbours". She began her singing career in 2002. +Valance was a contestant in the 2011 series of "Strictly Come Dancing". + += = = Bob Monkhouse = = = +Robert Alan Monkhouse OBE (1 June 1928 – 29 December 2003) was a British writer, actor, comedian and presenter. He was born in Beckenham, Kent. He wrote and presented on radio. He acted in films and wrote and acted on television. He was a game show host and stand-up comedian. Some of his most famous game shows he presented include The Golden Shot, Celebrity Squares, Family Fortunes, Bob’s Full House and Wipeout. +Monkhouse died of prostate cancer in Bedford. + += = = Mount Baker = = = +Mount Baker, also known as Koma Kulshan or Kulshan, is an active volcano in the Pacific Northwest. It is located in Washington in the United States. +The volcano's height is . + += = = Winter sport = = = +Winter sports are sports played during winter. They often must be played on ice or snow. The International Olympic Comittee has the Winter Olympics, which are every four years. In the Winter Olympics, people try to win at winter sports for their country. Cold countries, for example Russia, Canada and Norway, are good at winter sports. +Winter sports include: + += = = Bandy = = = +Bandy is a sport like ice hockey but with a ball instead of a puck and on a larger field. It is played on ice. The rules are much like the rules for association football. +Rules. +There are 11 players on each team. The game is 90 minutes long with 45 minutes in each half, like association football (soccer). The size of the bandy field is the same as in association football. +The rules are set by the Federation of International Bandy. +International. +There are 32 countries in the Federation of International Bandy. +Bandy World Championship for men has been played recurringly since 1957. + += = = Pentathlon = = = +A pentathlon is a sports contest with five different events. The name comes from two Greek words. "Pente" means five and "athlon" means competition. The first pentathlon was in Ancient Greece and was part of the Ancient Olympic Games. The five events were long jump, javelin throw, and discus throw, followed by the "stadion" (a short foot race) and wrestling. +Modern pentathlon. +The modern pentathlon is a sports contest that includes five events. They are pistol shooting, fencing, 200 m freestyle swimming, show jumping, and a 3 km cross-country run. It was invented by Pierre de Coubertin. +The event was first held at the 1912 Olympic Games. It was won by Swedish athlete Gösta Lilliehöök. Since 1949 there is a yearly World Championship unless there is an Olympic Game. + += = = Trace Adkins = = = +Tracy Darrell "Trace" Adkins (born January 13, 1962) is an American country music musician and singer. Trace was born Springhill, Louisiana. He has had 3 number one hits on the "Billboard" country charts. +In January 2010, Adkins left his long-time record label, Capitol Nashville. He then signed with Show Dog-Universal Music. + += = = Airline hub = = = +An airline hub is an airport that an airline uses as a transfer point to get passengers to their intended destination. +The airport is part of a "hub and spoke model". +Some airlines may use only a single hub, while other airlines use multiple hubs. + += = = Zeibekiko = = = +Zeibekiko () is a Greek dance mainly for men. + += = = Boris Godunov (opera) = = = +Boris Godunov () is an opera by Modest Mussorgsky (1839–1881). It was the only opera that Mussorgsky finished. It is his most famous work and one of the most famous of all Russian operas. It was composed between 1868 and 1873. +What the opera is about. +The story of the opera is based on something that really happened in Russian history. The Russian people were ruled by a tsar (an emperor). The previous tsar Tsar Ivan IV was known as “Ivan the Terrible”. He was terribly cruel and the Russian people suffered badly under his rule. They were hungry, they were tortured and killed. When he died his son became Tsar, but he was mentally retarded, so a group of powerful people including Boris Godunov had to rule for him. Ivan also had another son, but he disappeared. He was almost certainly murdered, and Boris Godunov, who wanted to become tsar himself, had probably ordered him to be murdered (for the sake of the opera, Mussorgsky assumes that he was indeed guilty of his murder). Then he persuaded the Russian people that they should choose him to be their tsar. +Some years later a young monk escapes from his monastery and pretends to be the murdered son of Ivan the Terrible. He gets a Polish army to help him to fight Boris Godunov. Boris Godunov feels terribly guilty about the murder. He suffers so much that he dies. The young monk arrives in Moscow and makes himself tsar (Tsar Dimitri II). The ordinary Russian people remain desperately poor. It is their fate to suffer, ruled by cruel tyrants. +How the opera was composed. +The composer wrote the words (the libretto) himself. It was based on a play by Aleksandr Pushkin. Mussorgsky also read a famous book on the history of Russia: Nikolay Karamzin's "History of the Russian State" and used some of the historical material from this book. +Originally Mussorgsky composed the opera in 1869, but in those days it had to be approved by the censors before it was allowed to be performed. The opera was rejected by the censors. The main reason they gave was that there were no female characters in the opera. Mussorgsky made lots of changes, including adding a whole new act with Dimitry in love with a Polish princess. Another reason why the opera had been rejected was that composers and dramatists were not allowed to have the character of a tsar on stage. However, Tsar who then ruled said he did not mind, so the opera was first performed in 1874 in Saint Petersburg. +The opera "Boris Godunov" can either be performed in the first version of 1869, or in the second version of 1874. In fact performances of the opera have often been something of a mixture, as opera directors have often made cuts, or changes to the music or the order of scenes. The composers Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov and Dmitri Shostakovich have both made new editions of the opera in which they thought they could improve some of Mussorgsky’s harmony or orchestration. For many years it was these editions that were usually performed. Nowadays people realize more and more that Mussorgsky’s harmonies and orchestrations, which were very original for their time, were quite deliberate and very effective. Modern performances therefore often go back to what Mussorgsky originally wrote. +By the close of 1868, Mussorgsky had already started two operas, but never finished them These were "Salammbô" and "Marriage", which was influenced by Alexander Dargomyzhsky's opera "The Stone Guest". Mussorgsky was breaking away from the Romantic style that many composers used at the time. He had learned a lot by trying to write these operas and he used some of the musical ideas in "Boris Godunov". +Vladimir Nikolsky, a professor of Russian history, suggested to Mussorgsky the idea of writing an opera about Boris Godunov, based on Pushkin’s play. Mussorgsky worked very fast on the opera, finishing the vocal score (i.e. without the orchestration) in 9 months. During this time he was also working as a civil servant. When he state censor rejected the opera he worked another two years on it, adding a female role as required, and making other changes he felt necessary: adding three scenes, cutting one and changing another, adding songs for the Hostess, Fyodor and the Nurse. In 1873 three scenes were performed, and on 27 January 1874 the first performance of the whole opera took place. The conductor, Nápravník, was a good conductor, but he often made cuts in the operas he performed. He cut the whole of the Cell Scene because he thought the opera was too long. Nevertheless, it was a great success among many people, although some critics hated it. It was performed 21 times in Mussorgsky’s lifetime. +Famous interpreters of the main role. +During the early 20th century the Russian bass singer Fyodor Shalyapin was a very famous singer who often sang the role of Boris. +The story of the opera. +The opera is divided into a prologue and 4 acts. +Prologue. +In the first scene of the prologue a large crowd has come to the courtyard of a monastery. Chelkalov comes and talks to the crowd. He tells them that Boris has not yet accepted the throne, but that they should pray that he will. +The second scene is the famous coronation scene. The crowd are kneeling in front of two cathedrals in the centre of Moscow. The church bells are ringing. The boyars cross the stage. Boris has agreed to be Tsar. Boris appears on stage, but he is rather gloomy. He tells the crowd to pray for guidance. +Act I +Scene i. This takes place five years later in a monastery. An old monk, Pimen is writing the history of Russia. He has nearly finished, and he has got to the year when the Tsar’s son seems to have been murdered. He is reading what he has written to a young monk, Grigory. Grigory then has a dream. In the dream he is standing on top of a high tower and looks down on the people who are laughing at him. He feels guilty and falls from the tower. Pimen tries to comfort him. He says that Boris murdered the Tsar’s son. Grigory learns that the Tsar’s son, if he had still been alive, would have been the same age as he is now. He decides to pretend to be the Tsar’s son and to claim the throne as his. +Scene ii takes place in an inn on the border of Russia with Lithuania. The hostess sings a silly song. Two monks, Varlaam and Missail, come in. Grigory is with them. He has run away from the monastery. The two wandering monks were showing him the way to the Lithuanian border. The two monks start to get drunk and sing. Grigory does not join in, his just sits there. Two guards (like policeman) appear. They are looking for Grigory because they know that the runaway monk is a going to be a threat to the Tsar. They have a description of the wanted man. They ask whether anyone can read (hardly anyone could read in those days, except monks). Dimitri says he can read, so he takes the piece of paper and starts to read the description of the wanted man. He is describing Varlaam. Varlaam realizes this and snatches the paper from him. He decides he can read after all. He starts to read a description of Dimitri. Dimitri escapes through the window. +Act II +The scene is the Tsar’s apartments in the Kremlin in Moscow. The Tsarevich Fyodor is reading, his sister sings sadly a song about a man she loved who died before they could get married. The Nurse tries to comfort her. Fyodor tries to cheer her up by singing a jolly clapping song. The Nurse joins in. Then Boris comes in. He tells him to concentrate on his lesson. One day he will rule the country and he will need to be wise. Boris sings of his terrible feelings of doubt and agony (because he is guilty of murder). A boyar enters and tells Boris that Shuisky wants to speak to him. He warns Boris that Shuisky is on the side of the Poles who are against him. When Shuisky enters he tells Boris that a pretender has come who claims to be the Tsar’s son who is thought to have been murdered. Boris asks Shuisky whether it really was the Tsar’s son who was killed and buried. Shuisky says that it definitely was, and that he had watched over the body for five days. Boris cannot bear to hear any more and tells Shuisky to leave. He then sinks back in a chair. A clock chimes and the figures on the clock move. Boris thinks they are aghost of the murdered child. He goes mad. +Act III +The scene takes place in the royal palace in Poland. Dimitri has gone to Poland to persuade the Polish army to support him in his fight against Boris. The Poles are glad to do this because they often fought Russia when they thought they could take a bit of their land. They want the Polish Princess Marina to marry Dimitri (they think, of course, that he really is the Tsar’s son Dimitri, they don't know that he is really a young monk called Grigory). Princess Marina sings of her love for Dimitri. She has not met him yet, but she would like to be Tsarina (the wife of the Tsar) because that would bring her power. Rangoni tells Dimitri that the Princess is in love with him. A meeting is arranged in the garden. Princess Marina is horrible to him. She persuades him to act quickly to get an army together to march to Moscow and get the throne. They embrace. Rangoni is pleased, because it will be a triumph for his church. +Act IV +Scene i takes place in the palace in the Kremlin. Shuisky tells the assembled noblemen that he saw Boris who seemed to be having a mad fit. He was shouting “Away! Away!” and waving his arms. Just at that moment Boris enters doing just that. He does not seem to notice any of the boyars who are standing there. Shuisky manages to persuade him to sit down on his throne. Shuisky then says that there is a holy man outside who has something to say to everyone. The man is let in. It is Pimen. He tells a strange story. It is about a shepherd who was blind. He had a dream in which he was told to go to the tomb where the murdered Tsar’s son Dimitri lies buried. He went there and prayed. Immediately he was able to see. Boris becomes terribly distressed at this story. He calls for light, he collapses in the arms of the boyars, and he sends for his son Fyodor. Boris asks to be left alone with him. He then says goodbye to his son and tells him to take good care of the Russian people. Monks behind the scene pray for the soul of Boris. Boris dies. +Scene ii takes place in the forest of Kromy. Dimitri has marched into Russia leading his troops. The Russian people are starving and law and order has broken down. A very simple man (the Simpleton) sings a simple song. A group of children tease him and steal his money (just one kopek). Varlaam and Missail sing in praise of Dimitri. They point out two men who are Jesuits, and the people get ready to hang them. Dimitri enters and frees the Jesuits. The people rejoice because Dimitri is to be their new tsar. He tells the people to follow him to Moscow. All exit and the Simpleton is left alone on stage. He sings a simple song which expresses the sadness of the poor, hungry Russian people. +Order of the scenes in the last act. +There has been a lot of discussion about the order of the two scenes in Act IV: scene i which shows the death of Boris and scene ii which shows the Russian people in the forest. The order given above is what Mussorgsky wanted. For him, the most important thing about the opera was to express the tragedy of the Russian people who are always doomed to be ruled by cruel tyrants. +When Rimsky-Korsakov edited the opera after Mussorgsky’s death he put Boris’s death scene last. Finishing the opera with Boris’s death meant that the personal tragedy of Boris was the most important thing. Certainly, famous singers who sang the role of Boris, such as Chaliapin, liked the opera to finish with Boris’s death. Nowadays the opera is nearly always performed with the forest scene finishing the opera. This was Mussorgsky’s intention. It is about the tragedy of the people, and this is put into words by the Simpleton, who expresses the truth through his simple words. + += = = Winnie the Pooh (2011 movie) = = = +Winnie the Pooh is a 2011 American animated musical movie produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures. It is the 52nd movie in the Walt Disney Animated Classics series. It is based on the A. A. Milne stories of the same name. In the movie, Winnie the Pooh, Tigger, Rabbit, Piglet, Owl, Eeyore, Kanga, and Roo go on a journey to save Christopher Robin. +Cast. +Additional voices were provided by Jeff Bennett, Jack Black, Rodger Bumpass, Bill Fagerbakke, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Lisa Linder, Robert Lopez, Sherry Lynn, Mona Marshall, Mickie McGowan, Daran Norris, Nolan North, Patrick Pinney, Jan Rabson, Jim Ward and Frank Welker. + += = = Lauryn Hill = = = +Lauryn Noelle Hill (born May 26, 1975) is an American singer-songwriter, rapper, record producer, and actress. She began her career while still in high school as a member of the Fugees. She rose to greater fame when she released her first solo album, "The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill". The album received critical acclaim, won many awards, including five Grammy Awards, and was commercially successful. After the release of her debut album, she took a four-year break. In 2002, Hill released "MTV Unplugged No. 2.0", an album with more personal content that was recorded live, mostly solo with an acoustic guitar. In recent years, she has recorded songs for soundtracks and has performed at secular music festivals. Hill has six children. + += = = Nail gun = = = +A nail gun is a power tool used for driving nails into wood or other construction materials. Driving a nail with a nail gun is usually much faster than driving it with a hammer. + += = = Kawauchi, Fukushima = = = + is a Japanese village in Fukushima Prefecture on the island of Honshu. +History. +Kawauchi was evacuated because of the Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011. The village is 30 kilometers (19 miles) from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. People had to leave their homes because of radiation. +In 2012, the village government urged (asked) people to come back to their homes. In 2013, only 400 of the 2,000+ citizens of the village have decided to return. + += = = Iitate, Fukushima = = = + is a village in Sōma District, Fukushima, Japan. + += = = Rik Mayall = = = +Richard Michael "Rik" Mayall (3 March 1948 – 19 June 2014) was a British actor, comedian and writer. He starred in many sitcoms, including "Man Down","The Young Ones", "Blackadder", "Filthy Rich and Catflap", "The New Statesman" and "Bottom". He also starred in the movies "Eye of the Needle" (1981), "Drop Dead Fred" (1991) and "Guest House Paradiso" (1999). He also won an Emmy Award in 1997 for "The Willows in Winter" (1995). +Mayall was born in Harlow, Essex. When he was three, he moved to Droitwich Spa, Worcestershire. He studied drama at the University of Manchester. He had a relationship with writer Lise Mayer in the early 1980s. He was married to Scottish make-up artist, Barbara Robbin from 7 February 1985 until his death. The couple had two daughters and a son together. His autobiography was published in 13 April 2005. +On 17 April 1998, Mayall was injured in a quad bike accident near his home in Devon. After waking up from a coma and having operations, he made a full recovery but was left with epilepsy. +Mayall died from a heart attack after a morning run on 19 June 2014 at his home in Barnes, London. He was 66. + += = = Namie, Fukushima = = = + is a Japanese town in Fukushima Prefecture on the island of Honshu. +History. +Namie was damaged in the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. +In April 2011, the Japanese government made people leave here because of radiation from the Fukushima I nuclear accidents. +Before people left, stone from a quarry in Namie was sent to make concrete for about 60 buildings. The stone and the concrete is radioactive. +The people who used to live in Namie are called "nuclear refugees". + += = = Nigel Lawson = = = +Nigel Lawson, Baron Lawson of Blaby PC (11 March 1932 – 3 +April 2023) was a British Conservative politician. He was born in Hampstead, London, and was of Jewish descent. +He was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford, where he got a degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics. He was a journalist during the 1960s. Lawson was a Member of Parliament from 1974-1992. He was Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1983-1989. Lawson was made a life peer in 1992. +Lawson had six children. They are: Dominic (a journalist), Thomasina (who died of breast cancer), Nigella (a food writer), Horatia, Tom and Emily. +Lawson died on 3 April 2023, three weeks after his 91st birthday. + += = = Andy Carroll = = = +Andrew Thomas "Andy" Carroll (born 6 January 1989) is an English professional footballer who plays for Newcastle United and for the England national team as a striker. +Carroll started his professional career with Newcastle United in 2006. He spent a small time on loan with Preston North End. He scored his first league goal there. He became as a regular in the Newcastle first team by 2008. When Newcastle got relegated from the Premier League to the Championship in 2009, he scored 17 goals in 39 appearances. Newcastle finished first in the Championship in that season. They earned automatic promotion back to the Premier League as a result. Caroll played for Newcastle in the Premier League again. He played 19 times and scored 11 goals. +Carroll signed for Liverpool on the last day of the transfer window on 31 January 2011. The transfer fee was £35 million. It was the highest amount ever paid by one club to another for a British footballer at that time. Carroll was bought to replace Fernando Torres. Torres had moved from Liverpool to Chelsea on the same day for a fee of £50 million. He suffered an injury in December. Therefore, he could not debut for Liverpool until March 2011. He scored his first two goals for his new club in April 2011 in a 3–0 victory over Manchester City. In August 2012, Liverpool agreed a £2 million loan deal with West Ham. It was a season-long loan. West Ham permanently signed him in June 2013. They paid a fee of £15 million. +Club career. +Newcastle United. +Carroll started his youth career in Newcastle United. He scored some goals for the reserve team. He made his first-team debut on 2 November 2006. He was 17 years and 300 days old then. This was in a 1–0 UEFA Cup win over Palermo. He came on as a late substitute for Nolberto Solano. In doing so, he became the youngest ever player to represent Newcastle in Europe. +He made his FA Cup debut on 17 January 2007. Here too, he appeared as substitute for the last ten minutes. Birmingham City beat Newcastle 5-1 in that match. On 25 February 2007, Carroll made his Premier League debut for Newcastle. He came on as a substitute in the 87th minute in the 1–0 defeat by Wigan Athletic. He had a shot on target in this match. A good save from Wigan goalkeeper John Filan prevented him from scoring his first Newcastle goal. +In 2007, he was the recipient of the "Wor Jackie Milburn Trophy". This is awarded every year to the rising star of North East England football. +On 29 July 2007, Carroll scored his first senior goal in a 2–0 win over Juventus. This was a friendly match. He scored the goal with his left foot. After the game, Italian goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon praised Carroll. Buffon said Carroll had a great future. +On 14 August 2007, Carroll began a six-month loan with Preston North End. He made his debut for them in the League Cup against Morecambe on the same day. Carroll was sent off playing for Preston against Scunthorpe United on 18 September. He scored his first Championship goal, and his first English league goal, against Leicester City on 6 November. +Carroll made his first appearance for Newcastle in the 2008–09 season on 20 October. He came on as a substitute for Shola Ameobi at home to Manchester City. Carroll was in the starting team against West Ham United at home on 10 January 2009. He scored his first goal at home in this match. It was a header. The match ended as a 2-2 draw. He signed a new three-and-a-half-year contract on 12 March 2009. His contract at Newcastle now ended in 2012. +Newcastle got relegated that season. First team strikers, Michael Owen, Mark Viduka and Obafemi Martins left the club. Carroll joined Shola Ameobi in attack for Newcastle at the start of the new season. His first league goal in the Championship came on 16 September 2009 against Blackpool with a header. By 2010 Carroll was playing almost every game. He had a new strike partner, Peter Løvenkrands. These two players scored more than half of the club's goals in 2010. Carroll finished the season as Newcastle's top scorer. He had 19 goals in all competitions. 17 were in the league, 2 in cup games. +Carroll was given squad number 9 for the 2010–11 season. This number is important for Newcastle United supporters. Great strikers like Jackie Milburn, Malcolm Macdonald and Alan Shearer have worn this squad number for Newcastle. Carroll scored his first career hat-trick against Aston Villa in the their 6–0 win in the Premier League on 22 August 2010. Carroll came on as a substitute for Kevin Nolan against Manchester City. He captained the team for the first time in this match. In October 2010, Carroll signed a new five-year contract. His contract lasted till 2015. Carroll scored Newcastle's third goal in a 3–1 victory over Liverpool at St. James' Park on 11 December 2010. It was a shot from 25-yards out. The shot was a low drive. +Liverpool. +On 31 January 2011, Liverpool bid £30 million for Carroll. This was rejected. Newcastle then accepted a bid of £35 million. Carroll passed a medical and signed a contract soon. The transfer was completed shortly before the 11.00pm deadline. Carroll said he had been forced to leave Newcastle. But the club said he had requested a transfer after they turned down Liverpool's £30 million bid. Liverpool confirmed that Carroll would wear the number 9 jersey. This was previously worn by Fernando Torres, who left Anfield for Chelsea on the same evening for £50 million. The transfer made Carroll the eighth overall most expensive footballer at the time. He was the most expensive British footballer of all time. He also became the second most expensive footballer playing for a British club, after Torres. Carroll had suffered an injury while with Newcastle United. Therefore, Liverpool announded Carroll would have to wait some time before his debut. +He finally made his Liverpool debut as a substitute in the 3–1 win against Manchester United on 6 March 2011. On 10 March, he appeared in his first European game for Liverpool. Liverpool lost the match 1-0 to Braga in the Europa League. Carroll came as a substitute after half-time. In the return leg a week later, he made his first Liverpool start. The game finished 0–0. Liverpool left the competition because they had lost 1-0 on aggregate. On 20 March, he made his first Premier League start for Liverpool against Sunderland. He did not score. Liverpool won the game 2-0. On 11 April, Carroll scored his first goals for Liverpool. This was in a 3–0 victory against Manchester City at Anfield. His first goal was from long-range. His second was a header. He played several more times that season. But, he did not score any more goals. +On 24 August 2011, he scored his first goal of the new season. He scored it 20-yards from the goal. The match was against Exeter City. He made the score 3–0 in the second round of the League Cup. On 1 October 2011, he scored his first goal of the 2011–12 Premier League during a 2–0 victory over Everton at Goodison Park. His third goal of the season was in a 2–0 win away at West Brom. He scored his first goal of 2012 in a 5–1 third-round FA Cup victory against Oldham Athletic. He assisted the Dirk Kuyt goal in the 88th minute against Manchester United in the fourth round of the FA Cup on 28 January. As a result, Liverpool won the game. He scored his fifth goal of the season in a 3–0 victory away at Wolves on 31 January. This was on his first anniversary of joining the club. Liverpool won 6–1 against Brighton & Hove Albion in the fifth-round of the FA Cup. Carroll scored one goal and assisted one goal by Luis Suárez On 26 February, he won his first trophy with Liverpool as they won the League Cup. They beat Cardiff in the Final. On 10 April, he scored a goal from a header against Blackburn during injury-time Liverpool won the match. This ended Liverpool's run of four games without a win. Four days later, he headed in another late goal which won Liverpool the match. This time it was in a 2–1 victory against Everton in the FA Cup semi-final at Wembley. Because of his goal, Liverpool qualified to the Final. This was his 50th match played for Liverpool. Carroll described his match-winning goal as "the best feeling ever". Team-mate Jamie Carragher said the goal was "worth £35 million in itself". He also that Carroll would "be remembered forever". Carroll also scored in the final, which Liverpool lost 2–1 to Chelsea. +West Ham United. +Loan spell. +On 30 August 2012, Carroll signed with West Ham. He was on a season-long loan. Liverpool wanted a clause in the deal which would make West Ham pay £17 million to bring him to the club permanently. But they had to remove it since West Ham did not agree. West Ham ultimately paid a £2 million loan arrangement fee. They also started paying all of Carroll's £80,000-a-week Liverpool wages. +Carroll made his debut on 1 September. He set-up (assisted) two goals in a 3–0 home win against Fulham. He scored his first goal on 25 November 2012. This was in a 3–1 away defeat against Tottenham Hotspur. Carroll was injured in November. He returned on 2 February 2013 againstSwansea City. He scored the only goal in that match. Carroll ended the loan spell with seven goals in 24 appearances. +Permanent transfer. +On 21 May 2013, West Ham and Liverpool agreed a fee of around £15 million to make the loan move permanent Carroll agreed to the move and signed a six-year contract with West Ham on 19 June 2013. The fee was a club record. +2013–14. +Carroll started the 2013–14 season injured. He had a heel problem picked up in the final game of the last season. He made his first appearance of the season on 12 January 2014. He came on as a substitute in the 72nd minute of a 2–0 victory over Cardiff City. He assisted Mark Noble for West Ham's second goal. +On 1 February 2014, Carroll was sent off for being violent against Swansea City defender Chico Flores in West Ham's 2–0 win over the Welsh club. On 15 March, he scored his first Premier League goal of the season in a 3–1 defeat at Stoke City. On 31 March, he was named man of the match by Sky Sports for the way he played in a 2–1 win against Sunderland at the Stadium of Light. He scored one and assisted the other of West Ham's goals. +Carroll ended the 2013–14 Premier League season with only two goals from 18 appearances. +2014–15. +During a pre-season tour of New Zealand, Carroll sustained an ankle ligament injury. This meant he could not play in West Ham's first eleven Premier League matches. Carroll returned to the team on 8 November 2014. He came on as a substitute for Mark Noble in a 0–0 draw with Aston Villa. +Carroll was selected to start in the Hammers' next match. He played the full ninety minutes. West Ham lost the match 1-2 to Everton. On 7 December 2014, he scored his first two goals of the season. It was in a match against Swansea City. The Hammers won the match 3-1 at home. They were the first goals he scored at home since March 2013. On 20 December, Carroll scored the 50th league goal of his career. West Ham beat Leicester City 2-0. +International career. +England youth teams. +On 11 September 2007, Carroll made his England under-19 debut against Belarus. He scored in the 4���0 victory. On 12 March 2009, Carroll was called up to the England U-20s for a match against Italy U-20s. He was withdrawn from the squad and replaced by Hal Robson-Kanu of Swindon Town. +Carroll received his first call up to the England U-21s on 5 August 2009. He made his debut on 11 August 2009 against Holland. He came on as a second-half substitute. His second match with the under-21 team was on 9 October 2009 against Macedonia U-21s. He scored two goals and assisted another. England won the match 6-3. +England senior team. +Because of Carroll's performances for Newcastle United, he was called up to the England squad for the friendly against France. This was on 17 November 2010. Carroll passed a late fitness test to start the match. +Carroll scored his first senior goal for England on 29 March 2011. He scored with a low drive from his left foot. The match was a friendly against Ghana which ended 1–1. On 15 May 2012, Carroll was selected in the squad for the 2012 European Championship. He scored the first goal for England against Sweden. The goal was from a header. England went on to win the match 3–2. +Style of play. +Carroll was often compared to Newcastle's record goalscorer Alan Shearer, Ivory Coast striker Didier Drogba and former Italy forward Christian Vieri because of similar style of play. He has been called a classic centre forward. This is because of his strength, powerful shot and header. Former Newcastle manager and Liverpool player Kevin Keegan stated "he is probably in the top three headers of a ball I have ever seen in football". After Newcastle's 2–0 victory at home to Blackpool in September 2010, in which Carroll scored the second goal and helped in creating the first, Blackpool manager Ian Holloway described Carroll as "the best striker in the Premier League". +Personal life. +Carroll was born in Gateshead. He attended Brighton Avenue Primary School and Joseph Swan School. +Carroll is also a model for retail clothing company H&M. He has fronted a campaign led by fashion designer Alexander Wang. In November 2014, Carroll became engaged to reality TV star, Billi Mucklow. The couple live in Essex. In December 2014, it was announced that they are expecting their first child. +Discipline. +Carroll has been involved in many off-the-pitch incidents in his career. On 14 September 2008, he was arrested by police in Newcastle. He later accepted a police caution. On 7 December 2009, he was arrested in the aftermath of a nightclub fight, again in Newcastle, accused of smashing glass in a man's face. He was charged with assault and in October 2010. He pleaded guilty to common assault and was fined £1,000. He was also ordered to pay £2,500 compensation. +Whilst on international duty with England U-19s, Carroll and teammates Scott Sinclair and Ryan Bertrand were sent home from the squad. They broke a curfew on 14 October 2007 during preparation for a match against Romania U-19s. +In March 2010, Carroll was allegedly involved in an dispute with teammate Steven Taylor during training. Taylor was left with a broken jaw. Carroll was said to have suffered a broken hand in the incident. Soon after this, he was photographed at a pop concert with bandages to both hands. Newcastle manager Chris Hughton, club representatives and both players declined to comment any further on the incident. No charges were pressed. +On 18 October 2010, Carroll was charged with assault. This was in an incident with his ex-girlfriend. Carroll said he did it in self-defense. Carroll was granted bail on the condition that he resided with then Newcastle captain Kevin Nolan until the case resumed in January. The charges were later dropped due to lack of evidence. Two days following his bail, Carroll's car was set on fire whilst parked on Nolan's driveway. Obscene words were also written garage door of Nolan's house. +Following England's 1–1 draw with Ghana on 29 March 2011, England manager Fabio Capello told Carroll to reduce his drinking habits. Liverpool manager Kenny Dalglish responded by saying "Well he's never bought me a drink. I've been with him at Boyzone concerts and he's still never bought me a drink!" +In an interview in April 2012, Carroll admitted that he had gained a reputation for drinking when Newcastle. He also said that since joining Liverpool in January 2011 he had "settled down" and changed his lifestyle. +Honours. +Newcastle United +Liverpool +Individual + += = = Aeronautical teaching certificate = = = +The Aeronautical teaching certificate (CAEA) (in French "Certificat d'aptitude à l'enseignement aéronautique") is the French national degree needed to teach aviation to high school and university students. +It was created in 1999. The exam to earn the degree is in five subjects. These subject cover all of aeronautics. + += = = Commission des titres d'ingénieur = = = +The Commission des titres d'ingénieur (CTI) (in English "engineering accreditation institution") is the French administration that deals with accreditation of Master's degree in engineering schools (engineering "Grandes écoles"). It was created in 1934. + += = = Frank Borman = = = +Frank Frederick Borman II (March 14, 1928 – November 7, 2023) was an American astronaut and the commander of Apollo 8. He received a Bachelor of Science at West Point and a Master of Science in Aeronautical Engineering at the California Institute of Technology. Apollo 8 was the first mission to fly around the Moon. The other members of Apollo 8 were Jim Lovell and Bill Anders. +After leaving NASA, he was the chief executive officer (CEO) of Eastern Air Lines from 1975 to 1986. Borman was a recipient of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor. +Borman died on November 7, 2023 of a stroke in Billings, Montana at the age of 95. + += = = William Anders = = = +William Alison Anders (born October 17, 1933) is a former United States Air Force officer, NASA astronaut, businessman, and engineer. He is was a member of the Apollo 8 space mission. Anders, Frank Borman and Jim Lovell were the first astronauts to leave the orbit of the Earth and go to the Moon. +The crew took the first pictures taken of the earth from the Moon. +The Anders crater on the Moon is named in his honor. +He has a wife named Valerie E. Hoard. He has six children, Alan, Glen, Gregory, Eric, Gayle and Daina. +He was a fighter pilot and an air defence commander. He received a Bachelor of Science degree and a Master of Science degree in Nuclear Engineering. He graduated from Naval Academy. In 1964, NASA selected him as an astronaut with important responsibilities. +Anders was the U.S. Ambassador of Norway from 1976 until 1977. + += = = Palazzo Pitti = = = +Palazzo Pitti (in English sometimes called the Pitti Palace) is a palace in Florence, Italy. It is from the Renaissance period. The palace was bought by the Medici family in 1549. It became the main home of the ruling families of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. It was the centre of government for the 300 years that Tuscany was a monarchy. Later the palace was used as a base by Napoleon. During the Risorgimento, for a short time it was the royal palace of the newly united Italy. +The palace and its contents were given to the Italian people by King Victor Emmanuel III in 1919. Its doors were opened to the public as one of Florence's largest art galleries. It is the largest museum complex in Florence. It is divided into several main galleries or museums: the Palatine Gallery, the Royal Apartments, the Gallery of Modern Art, the Silver Museum, the Porcelain Museum, the Costume Gallery and the Carriages Museum. +Behind the Pitti palace there is the Boboli's Garden. It is a historical park visited every year by about 800,000 tourists. The park is famous for the beauty of the flowers and for the very old sculptures. + += = = B.B. King = = = +B.B. King (born Riley B. King; September 16, 1925 – May 14, 2015) was an American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter. "Rolling Stone" magazine said that King was the third "Greatest Guitarist of All Time" in 2003. +Early life. +He was born in Indianola, Mississippi. His father left the family and his mother was too poor to raise him, and so he came to his grandmother, Elnora Farr, in Kilmichael, Mississippi. There he sang in the gospel choir at Elkhorn Baptist Church. At the age of 15 he bought his first guitar. His idols were T-Bone Walker, but also jazz musicians like Charlie Christian and Django Reinhrad. 1943 he left the town and worked as a tractor driver. He performed on Sonny Boy Williamson's radio program on KWEM in West Memphis, Arkansas and reached a local audience with his sound. For this reason he got appearances in the Sixteenth Avenue Grill in West Memphis and later, a ten-minute spot on the Memphis radio station WDIA. This became so popular that it was expanded and became the "Sepia Swing Club." During his work for the radio station he got his nickname "Beale Street Blues Boy" which was later shortened to B.B. +Career. +In 1949, King began recording songs for RPM Records from Los Angeles. King formed his own band; the B.B. King Review, under the leadership of Millard Lee and went on tours. +In winter 1949 he played at a dance hall in Twist, Arkansas. The hall was heated by burning barrels filled with kerosine. During his performance two men started a fight knocking over one of them and the hall was burning. Outside he learned that he had left his guitar and he ran inside to get it. Next day he found out that the fight was started over a woman named Lucille. Since that time he named the guitar "Lucille." +In the 1950 �s B.B. King became one of the most important blues musicians. He toured regularly. In 1956 he gave 352 concerts. Among his hits were "3 O'Clock Blues", "You Know I Love You," "Woke Up This Morning," "Please Love Me," "When My Heart Beats like a Hammer," "Whole Lotta Love," "You Upset Me Baby," "Every Day I Have the Blues", "Sneakin' Around," "Ten Long Years," "Bad Luck," "Sweet Little Angel", "On My Word of Honor," and "Please Accept My Love." +In the 1960 King lost importance for black listeners but could reach the white music fans. A lot of white guitarist like Eric Clapton named him as influence. King played at rock concerts and venues of the hippie culture like the Fillmore West. He also reached #15 in the US-popcharts with his title "The Thrill Is Gone". From the 1980s onward he had continued his career, appearing on numerous television shows and performing 300 nights a year. The title "When Love Comes To Town", which he performed together with the rock band U2 introduced him to a younger audience. +Personal life. +B.B. King was married two times. The marriages ended because of the burden of more than 200 concerts a year. It is reported that he is father of 15 children. He has lived with Type II diabetes for over twenty years and is a high-profile spokesman in the fight against the disease. +Death. +King died at the age of 89 in Las Vegas, Nevada on May 14, 2015 from complications of vascular dementia along with congestive heart failure and diabetic complications. On May 30, 2015, King's funeral was held at the Bell Grove Missionary Baptist Church in Indianola, Mississippi. He was buried at the museum. +TV and Film. +B.B. King has made guest appearances in numerous popular television shows, including The Cosby Show, The Young and the Restless, General Hospital, The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, Sesame Street, Married... with Children, Sanford and Son, and Touched by an Angel. He has also made a cameo in the movie Spies Like Us. In the movie Blues Brothers 2000 he was the leader of The Louisiana Gator Boys, a bluessupergroup, which battles against the Blues Brothers. +B.B. King`s Blues Club. +He is the owner of a chain of restaurants with concert venues in the United States. The first was opened on Beale Street in Memphis 1991. +Honors and awards. +Grammy Awards. +King was given a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1987. As of 2009, he has won 15 Grammy Awards, of which ten have been the Grammy Award for Best Traditional Blues Album :in 2009 (for One Kind Favor), 2005 (B. B. King & Friends: 80), 2003 (for A Christmas Celebration of Hope), 2001 (for Riding with the King), 2000 (for Blues on the Bayou), 1994 (for Blues Summit), 1992 (for Live at the Apollo), 1991 (for Live at San Quentin), 1986 (for My Guitar Sings the Blues) and 1984 (for Blues 'N' Jazz). +Discography. +Some important albums are: +On DVD: +For a complete discographie visit MusicBrainz. + += = = Atlas cedar = = = +The Atlas cedar ("Cedrus atlantica") is a large coniferous tree of the cedrus genus and is native to the Atlas Mountains of North Africa. It is conical in shape when younger and is a more open shape when mature. It grows to 40m in height. The bark is silvery grey with deep cracks. The leaves of the Atlas cedar are 2.5 cm long, pointed, usually 4 sided and dark green to glaucous blue in colour. The female cones are 6–10 cm long, barrel-shaped, green when young, becoming brown as they mature. + += = = Cedrus libani = = = +Cedrus libani, the cedar of Lebanon or the Lebanese cedar is a large coniferous tree of the "cedrus" genus, it is native to the eastern Mediterranean Sea from Lebanon to Turkey. The tree grows to a maximum height of 40m and 10m wide, with a trunk of 2.5m covered in thick, scaly, black, grey-brown bark. When young it is conical in shape but as it matures it becomes flatter on top and more open in structure. The pointed, needle-shaped leaves are glaucous-blue to dark green in colour, 4 sided and about 2.5 cm long. The female cones are a dullish green when young, maturing to brown, 6–10 cm long and barrel-shaped. +The Cedar of Lebanon has great landscaping value and is widely planted in park and large gardens. + += = = Erykah Badu = = = +Erica Abi Wright (born February 26, 1971), better known by her stage name Erykah Badu (), is an American singer-songwriter, record producer, and actress. She rose to fame in 1997 when she released her critically well liked first album, "Baduizm". For this album she received two Grammy Awards. Badu has won a total of four Grammy Awards out of nineteen nominations. Her songs include parts from R&B, hip hop and jazz. Badu is best known for her role in the rise of the neo soul sub-genre, and for her eccentric, creative musical stylings and sense of fashion. She is known as the "Queen of Neo-Soul". +Personal life. +Badu has three children. + += = = Kara Tointon = = = +Kara Louise Tointon (born 5 August 1983) is a British actress. She was born and raised in Essex. She is best known for her role from 2005-2009 as Dawn Swann in "EastEnders". She and Artem Chigvintsev won the 2010 series of "Strictly Come Dancing". Her younger sister Hannah is also an actress. + += = = Army Cadet Force = = = +The Army Cadet Force (ACF) is a youth organisation in the United Kingdom where members train in military skills. +It was founded in 1859, and had its official 150th birthday in 2010, marked by the Cadet 150 celebrations. +The ACF gives a lot of youth in the UK an ability to change their lives with the opportunities it offers for little money. The ACF offers many activities such as the Summer Mountain Foundation Course (SMF). A lot of these skills can be used in both civilian and military life. +In the Army Cadets, cadets will progress through a rank structure which will improve the cadets’ team work and leadership skills while they are under pressure. +In the summer the ACF offers the opportunity for cadets to attend Annual Camp. On Annual Camp cadets will take part in hiking, fieldcraft and combat training exercises among many more activities. + += = = Cantor set = = = +The Cantor set is a subset of real numbers with certain properties that are interesting to mathematicians. These properties relate to topology, measurement, geometry, as well as set theory. Some of them are: +The set is named after Georg Cantor. Henry John Stephen Smith discovered it in 1875, and Cantor first described it in 1883. +The set is made by starting with a line segment and repeatedly removing the middle third. The Cantor set is the (infinite) set of points left over. The Cantor set is "more infinite" than the set of natural numbers (1, 2, 3, 4, etc.). This property is called uncountability. It is related to the Smith–Volterra–Cantor set and the Menger Sponge. The Cantor set is self-similar. + += = = Kisarazu Air Field = = = + is a Japanese military air field of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. It is also known as . +The air field is north northwest of Kisarazu, Chiba Prefecture. Private charter jets also use the airport +Operations. +JGSDF Kisarazu is home to the JGSDF 1st Helicopter Brigade. These forces are part of the Central Readiness Force. +The immediate JGSDF response to the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami included helicopters from the 1st Helicopter Unit. +After the Fukushima nuclear disaster, helicopters from Kisarazu sprayed seawater from above the plant onto the damaged reactor. +History. +Kisarazu Air Field was originally established in 1936 as a base for the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service in the Yokosuka Naval District. +After the end of World War II, the base was used by the United States Air Force (USAF) as "Kisarazu Air Base". +In 1955, the runway was expanded to multiple jet bomber operational length. +In 1956, control of the base was officially transferred to the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF). Some USAF units remained. +By the 1960s, the US only used Kisarazu to repair United States Navy jets stationed on aircraft carriers in the Pacific. The US military units at this air field were withdrawn. +In 1968, the JASDF relocated to Iruma Air Base, and Kisarazu was transferred to JGSDF. + += = = Lucretius = = = +Titus Lucretius Carus (ca. 98 BC – ca. 55 BC) was a Roman poet and philosopher. He is known for "De rerum natura" (in English:"On the Nature of the Universe"). It is an epic philosophical work about the beliefs of Epicureanism. +There are not any details about his life. Saint Jerome tells of how he became insane because of a love potion and wrote his poetry in between fits of insanity. Modern scholarship thinks this was just used to explain how he behaved. The "De rerum natura" had a large affect on the Augustan poets, including Virgil and Horace. The work were lost for a time. It was later found in a monastery in Germany. This work played an important part both in the development of atomism and in the efforts of many people of the Enlightenment era to build a new Christian humanism. + += = = Robert Wilson = = = +Robert Woodrow Wilson (born 10 January 1936) is an American Nobel Prize-winning astronomer. He found part of the cosmic microwave background radiation in 1964. He was working at the Bell Telephone Laboratories in New Jersey on an antenna with Arno Penzias. This antenna picked up any background 'noise' they could not get rid of. Their findings were justified by others predictions. Fourteen years later, they won the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery. + += = = Philip Jaisohn = = = +Philip Jaisohn (7 January 1864 – 5 January 1951) was a Korean doctor, surgeon, journalist, politician and educator. His Korean name was Seo Jae-pil (). +Revolusion movements. +Seo Jae-Pil was born as the second son of a local magistrate, and was raised by one of his relatives in Seoul. When Seo Jae-Pil was a teenager, he already imbued modern political ideas in association with reformist leader Kim Okgyun. +He passed the civil service exam at the age of 18, one of the youngest persons to ever pass this exam, and became a junior officer in 1882. In the following year, he was sent to Japan where he studied both at the Keio Gijuku (the forerunner of the Keio University) and the Toyama Army Academy. +In 1884, Seo Jae-Pil, following Kim Okgyun, was involved in the Kapsin Coup, a radical attempt to overturn the old regime and establish equality among people. He was appointed the Vice-Minister of Defense. The coup was aborted in three days, as China intervened by sending military troops. Convicted of treason, Seo Jae-Pil lost his whole family and had to flee Korea to save his life. +Escape to America. +In the United States, Seo Jae-Pil attended the Harry Hillman Academy (Wilkes-Barre, PA) thanks to the help of John Welles Hollenback. He began to use the name "Philip Jaisohn" at that time. In 1890, he became the first Korean-American to acquire United States citizenship. He studied medicine at George Washington University, and was the first Korean to receive an American medical degree in 1892. +In 1894, he married Muriel Armstrong, a niece of the former president of the United States, James Buchanan, and daughter to the U.S. Postmaster General, and had two daughters later—Stephanie and Muriel. +Sowing the Ideals of Independence and Democracy. +In 1894, Japan defeated China in the war which occurred in the Korean Peninsula, and Korean cabinet was filled with reformists. Along with these political changes, the treason of the Kapsin Coup were pardoned enabling Jaisohn's return (1895). In Korea, he endeavored to politically educate people. Most of all, Jaisohn published a newspaper, "The Independent" (����), to transform Korean people into an informed citizenry. He for the first time started to print his newspaper entirely in Korean language!Asian to extend readership to lower classes and women. He promoted national independence as the principal political ideal and emphasized neutral diplomatic approaches to protect Korea from China, Russia and Japan. He also underscored the importance of public education, modernized industry and public hygienes. The Independence was particularly critical of misconducts of government officials, which brought wide reactions from the conservatives. Under the aegis of the Independence Club, Jaisohn organized the All People's Congress, an open public forum to debate over political issues. The Congress was hailed by young reformers and began to establish nationwide chapters. In 1898, conservatives accused Jaisohn and the Club of seeking to replace the monarchy with a republic, and the Korean government requested Jaisohn to return to the US. After his return, Korean government ordered the club to disband and arrested 17 leaders including Rhee Syngman. +Freedom for Korea. +In the United States, Jaisohn conducted medical research at the University of Pennsylvania and later became a successful printer and stationer in Philadelphia. As he heard the news of the March First Movement (1919), a nationwide protest against ruthless Japanese rule in Korea, Jaisohn convened the First Korean Congress which was held in Philadelphia for three days. After the Congress, Jaisohn devoted his energies and private properties for the freedom of Korea. He organized the League of Friends of Korea in 26 cities with the help of Rev. Floyd Tomkins, and established the Korean Information Bureau and published a political journal Korea Review to inform the American public of Korean situations and to persuade the US government to support the freedom for Koreans. +Five years later (1924), Jaisohn went legally bankrupt due to his political engagement and had to resume medical profession to make a living. At age 62, he became a student again at the University of Pennsylvania to renew his medical knowledge. Since then, he published five research articles in the medical journals specialized in pathology. During World War II, he volunteered as a physical examination officer with the belief that the victory of the U.S. would bring freedom to Korea. +Last days in Korea. +Jaisohn returned to Korea once again after Japan's defeat in the World War II. The U.S. Military Government which was in control of the southern part of Korea invited him to serve as the chief advisor. As the date of the first presidential election was confirmed by the United Nations, Jaisohn was petitioned to run for presidency by 3,000 people including young Kim Dae Jung, but he refused in the end. Jaisohn felt that political unity was needed for a new nation despite his uneasy relationship with the president elect Syngman Rhee. He decided to return to the United States in 1948 and died in 1951 during the Korean War. + += = = Bruce Forsyth = = = +Sir Bruce Joseph Forsyth-Johnson (22 February 1928 – 18 August 2017) was an English television personality, actor and dancer. He has presented "Sunday Night at the London Palladium", "Play Your Cards Right", "The Generation Game", "You Bet?" and "The Price Is Right". He presented "Strictly Come Dancing" from 2004 to 2013. +Forsyth was born in Edmonton, Middlesex. He was educated at The Latymer School. +In 2008 he was awarded the BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award, a lifetime achievement award. He received a Royal Television Society Lifetime Achievement Award on 17 March 2009. On 26 January 2011 he received the National Television Awards special recognition award. +Personal life and Death. +From 1953 to 1973, Forsyth was married to Penny Calvert. They had three daughters: Debbie, Julie and Laura. According to his autobiography, he dated Miss World 1964 Ann Sidney during her reign. In a 2009 interview, Kathy Kirby said she was Forsyth's lover and that he proposed marriage. From 1973 to 1979, he was married to Anthea Redfern, who was the hostess on "The Generation Game". They had two daughters: Charlotte and Louisa. He fell in love with his fellow judge, Wilnelia Merced, at the 1980 Miss World competition. They married in 1983, and had one son together, Jonathan Joseph Forsyth Johnson (born 1987). By his six children, he had eight grandchildren and three great-grandchildren. +On 18 August 2017, Forsyth died at his home in Surrey, England of complications of bronchopneumonia, aged 89. + += = = London Heliport = = = +London Heliport at Battersea, London is the capital's main and busiest heliport. +It is on the south bank of the River Thames, 3 nautical miles (3.5 miles or 5.6 km) southwest of Westminster Bridge and the Palace of Westminster. It is on a jetty between Wandsworth Bridge and Battersea Railway Bridge. The nearest railway station is Clapham Junction, and the nearest tube station is Fulham Broadway. +The heliport, once owned by Westland and then Harrods, is a very small site. It uses a concrete surface on a jetty as a helipad for take-off and landing. There is onshore parking for between three and four aircraft, usually just the smaller helicopters. The heliport has landing, parking and refuelling services between 08:00 and 21:00. Flights are permitted between 07:00 and 23:00. +In 2012 it was bought by the Reuben Brothers, for £35 million. In 2016, the heliport's official name became the NetJets London Heliport, after the private jet company signed a branding deal with the owners. +The nearest main line railway station is and the nearest London Underground station is . + += = = Bioleaching = = = +Bioleaching is getting metals from their ores by using living organisms. This is much cleaner than the traditional method using cyanide. Bioleaching is one of several methods used to recover copper, zinc, lead, arsenic, antimony, nickel, molybdenum, gold, silver, and cobalt. +Bioleaching uses certain types of bacteria to produce a solution called a "leachate". By leaving these bacteria with a low-grade metal ore, they can produce leachates which have a compound of that metal. Because this is in a solution it can be used in electrolysis to make the pure metal. This only produces small amounts each time, and is repeated to make it economically viable. + += = = Francesco Guicciardini = = = +Francesco Guicciardini (March 6, 1483 – May 22, 1540) was an Italian historian and statesman. He is considered one of the major political writers of the Italian Renaissance and the Father of Modern History. He was a friend and critic of Niccolò Machiavelli. +Biography. +His family was illustrious and noble; after the usual education of a boy in grammar and elementary classical studies, his father, Piero, sent him to the universities of Ferrara and Padua, where he stayed until the year 1505. In 1512, he went to the court of the King of Aragon, Ferdinand the Catholic as ambassador. +In 1515 he became working for the Pope Leo X, who made him governor of Reggio Emilia in 1516 and of Modena in 1517. + += = = Cyprus cedar = = = +The Cyprus cedar ("Cedrus brevifolia") is a large coniferous member of the "cedrus" genus and is native to Cyprus where it grows in the Troödos Mountains. It is thought by some experts to be either a variety or a subspecies of the Cedar of Lebanon. +It grows to 25m in height and up to 12m in width. When young it has a conical shape but as it matures it becomes broader with a flattened top. It has bark that is silvery-grey, becoming thickened, with deep cracks as the tree ages. The needle-shaped leaves are grey-green to mid-green, but sometimes bluish-green and they are attached singly to long shoots and in dense cluster of 20-30 on short shoots. The cones are cylindrical, 7–10 cm long and green when young but maturing to a pale brown when they shed their scales and winged seeds. + += = = Glaucous = = = +Glaucous is a color that is bluish-green or bluish-grey. In botany it refers to a pale bluish waxy or powdery layer on a surface such as a leaf or a fruit. In birds it refers to a pale bluish grey color of the feathers, legs or some other part of the bird. +"Glaucous" appears in the name of some plants and birds. For example, - Glaucous Gull, "(Larus glaucescens)" or Glaucous Macaw, "(Anodorhynchus glaucus)". In botany there is the Glaucous Sedge, "(Carex flacca)" and the Glaucous Michelmas Daisy, "(Symphyotrichum laeve)". +Often grapes, plums and other fruit have a glaucous waxy or powdery layer on the surface of their skin. That layer protects the fruit from water. It can be easily rubbed off. + += = = Cliff Richard = = = +Sir Cliff Richard (born Harry Rodger Webb; 14 October 1940) is a British singer, musician and actor. He is the only male solo artist to have had number one singles in the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. His most recent album, "Music... The Air That I Breathe" was released in 2020. +Early life. +Richard was born in Lucknow, India. In 1940, he and his British parents moved from India to England, first moving to Carshalton, Surrey, then to Waltham Cross, followed by Cheshunt, both in Hertfordshire. +Career. +Richard began his music career in 1958 and is still performing. His name Richard comes from Little Richard. His backing group are The Shadows. He performed the United Kingdom entry at the Eurovision Song Contest in 1968 and in 1973. +In 1980 Richard was given an OBE. In 1995, he became a Knight. This means that he has a 'Sir' in front of his name. A person is given a Knighthood by The Queen. +Between 1960 and 1963 Richard presented "The Cliff Richard Show". +In 2008 a book that he wrote about his life so far, "My Life My Way" was published. It was also released as an audiobook. +Personal life. +Richard is a devout Christian. +In August 2013, Richard's Berkshire home was searched by police over a claim of sexual assault on a boy aged under 16 in 1985. He was not arrested or charged. + += = = Guido Cavalcanti = = = +Guido Cavalcanti (1259 – August 1300) was an Italian poet from Florence. He was the best friend of Dante Alighieri as well as an influence on his thinking. Cavalcanti is one of the most important poets of Dolce stil novo, and he is widely regarded as the first major poet of Italian literature. +Biography. +Cavalcanti was born into a noble Guelph family; his father was Cavalcante de Cavalcanti. In 1267 he got married to Bice, daughter of Farinata degli Uberti, leader of the Florentine Ghibellines. In 1284 he became a member of the general council, together with Brunetto Latini and Dino Compagni. On June 24 1300 he was exiled, so he went to Sarzana. On August 19 of the same year he could return in Florence, but he died after a few days, on August 29. +Works. +Guido Cavalcanti wrote sonnets and ballads. Only fifty two poems by the poet are known today. Hist best works are the canzone "Donna mi prega" ("A lady asks me"), the ballad "I' prego voi che di dolor parlate" ("I ask you that speak about suffering") and the sonnet "L’anima mia vilment’ è sbigotita" ("My soul is in distress"). +Translations. +Cavalcanti's poems were translated into English by Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Ezra Pound and A.S. Kline. + += = = Kadena Air Base = = = + is a United States Air Force base in Japan. +The military base is in the towns of Kadena and Chatan and the city of Okinawa in Okinawa Prefecture. +History. +During the invasion of Okinawa in 1945, the airport was bombed by the US. The damage was repaired and it became a US air base. +The American air base on this Japanese island is controversial. + += = = Suruga Province = = = + was an old province in the area that is today the central part of Shizuoka Prefecture. It was sometimes called . +Suruga had borders with Izu, Kai, Sagami, Shinano, and Tōtōmi provinces. The province had access to the Pacific Ocean at Suruga Bay. +History. +Suruga was one of the original provinces of Japan. It was established in the Nara period as part of the Taihō Code reforms. +During the Kamakura period, Suruga was controlled by the Hōjō clan. +In the Edo period, the Tōkaidō road was the main route between the Imperial capital at Kyoto and the main city of the Tokugawa Shogunate. The road passed through Suruga. +Tokugawa Ieyasu lived in Sumpu Castle in Suruga when he retired from the role of Shōgun. He died at Sunpu. +During the Edo period, the chief shogunate official in Sumpu was the "Sunpu jōdai". +After the Meiji Restoration of 1868, the last Tokugawa Shōgun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu retired to Suruga. +In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Izu Province were reformed in the 1870s. Being located near Mt. Fuji made Suruga a popular place to make maps during the Meiji period. +Shrines and Temples. +"Sengen jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Suruga. + += = = The Hobbit (movie series) = = = +The Hobbit is a three-part fantasy movie. These parts are "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey" (2012), "The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug" (2013) and "The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies" (2014). The movies are based on J. R. R. Tolkien's book "The Hobbit". The film series stars Martin Freeman, Ian McKellen, Luke Evans, Lee Pace, Stephen Fry, Orlando Bloom and other. + += = = Variety (botany) = = = +In botany, variety is a rank (like species or subspecies) or a taxon in that rank. Like a subspecies, a variety gets a three-part name (a trinomial); such a variety name will include the name of the species and the variety epithet. The term "variety" is often shortened to "var." Some examples of this use are: +A variety is a plant that is different in some way, and continues to be different, from the rest of the species but is not different enough for it to be classified as a new species or as a sub-species. This difference will usually be bigger than those of a form; a form will have one or more small differences, for example, different coloured flowers, lack of thorns, variegation or different coloured leaves. These variations come about by natural evolutionary process to which most plants are subject. However, a taxonomist can use their own judgement as to at what rank they want to recognize a different plant. What one taxonomist will call a variety, another will call just a form, or will decide not to recognize as being distinct. +Different varieties of a species will be able to breed together if given the opportunity (just like subspecies, and forms, or for that matter many species). +Not to be confused. +A variety is not to be confused with a cultivar, which is something else entirely. The name of a cultivar can be recognized because it includes an epithet that is written with initial capital letters, in a different font and is set in single quote marks as shown in these examples: + += = = Boris Godunov = = = +Boris Fyodorovich Godunov (, c. 1551 – ) was a famous tsar (emperor) of Russia. He ruled as a regent from about 1585 to 1598 and then as tsar from 1598 to 1605. In many ways he was a good tsar, but he had not inherited the throne. He became more and more anxious that a pretender would come who would claim to be Dmitri, the son of the previous tsar, Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible) and try to get the throne. Dmitri had actually been murdered. The story of Boris Godunov is told in Pushkin’s play "Boris Godunov" and in Mussorgsky’s opera "Boris Godunov", but the story told by Pushkin and Mussorgsky is probably not exactly how it really happened. Both Pushkin and Mussorgsky had read a book on Russian history written by the court historian Karamzin, written in 1803. Karamzin describes Godunov as a powerful tsar who was also a weak human being, but he changed some historical facts to fit in with this theory. +From childhood to Tsardom. +Boris came from a boyar family (i.e. they belonged to the nobility). His parents were dead and he was brought up at the court of the Tsar in Moscow. The Tsar who ruled was Ivan IV, known as Ivan the Terrible who really was a very cruel ruler. He ruled for more than 50 years. Boris was very close to the royal family. One of the Tsar’s sons, Fyodor, who was not very intelligent. He married Irina, the sister of Boris. The Tsar killed his eldest son. When the Tsar died he had a son Dmitry who was only two years old. Dmitri was not allowed to become tsar, because he was the son of Ivan’s 7th marriage, and the rules of the Russian Orthodox Church were that no one should be allowed to marry more than three times (of course, no one had dared to try to stop Ivan from all those marriages). So Fyodor became Tsar Fyodor I. He was not bright enough to rule himself. We would probably say that he was mentally disabled, or that he had “learning difficulties”. Boris therefore became regent: he ruled for him. Some boyars were against Boris, but Boris somehow managed to silence them. In some ways Boris did a good job. He made Russia a safer place, fighting back the Tatars in the south and making strong contacts with Europe. He built towns and fortresses, made sure that Western Siberia was firmly under Moscow’s control, and made the head of the Muscovite Church a patriarch. In 1598 Fyodor died and Irina should have become Tsarina, but she refused and went to live in a convent. The boyars voted for Boris to become Tsar. +Boris as Tsar. +At first everything went well, but in 1601-1603 the harvest was bad and many poor people starved. The people became angry with the Tsar, because he had made very strict rules which took away the rights of the serfs (most of the poor people were serfs). There were still several royal families in Russia. They started to plot against Boris because they saw him as a threat to themselves. Boris got lots of spies to watch these families. He accused the families of treason and sent some of them to Siberia or to monasteries in the north or Russia. One of these families were the Romanovs who were later to produce a long line of tsars. +While this crisis was happening a young man called Grigory Otrepev arrived. He was a pretender. He said that he was Dmitry, Ivan’s youngest son who had been murdered in 1591. At the time people had said that it was an accident, caused by the boy’s epilepsy. But some people thought that Boris had murdered him (or ordered him to be murdered) so that he himself could become Tsar. The pretender said that he had actually escaped from the people who were trying to murder him. The pretender got lots of people on his side, including Poles and Cossacks. He marched towards Moscow. Boris’s armies tried to stop them, but then Boris died suddenly. Dmitri (as he called himself) was able to march into Moscow and (falsely) claim the throne. +A period of chaos followed in Russia with many deaths and changes of rulers. This lasted until Micael Romanov was chosen as Tsar in 1613. +What may have happened to the Tsarevich in 1591. +It is now thought that the Romanov family made up evidence to make things looks as if Boris Godunov had been guilty of the murder of Ivan’s son. Karamzin, who later wrote a history of Russia, made it look as if it were true that Boris had murdered him. When Pushkin wrote his play "Boris Godunov" he followed Karamzin’s version of the story and this is also the story as told in Mussorgsky’s opera "Boris Godunov". + += = = Haldi, Estonia = = = +Haldi is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Haldreka = = = +Haldreka is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = The Great Milenko = = = +The Great Milenko is the fourth studio album by American Horrorcore band Insane Clown Posse. It was released on June 25, 1997 by Hollywood Records. The producers of the album were Insane Clown Posse and Mike E. Clark. The album was the fourth of the "Joker Cards" in the band's Dark Carnival series of concept albums. Three singles were released from the album. Most of the reviews of the album were bad. + += = = Harju, Emmaste Parish = = = +Harju is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Jausa = = = +Jausa is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Kabuna = = = +Kabuna is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Kaderna = = = +Kaderna is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Kõmmusselja = = = +Kõmmusselja is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Külaküla = = = +Külaküla is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Külama = = = +Külama is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Laartsa = = = +Laartsa is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Leisu = = = +Leisu is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Tärkma = = = +Tärkma is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Emmaste Parish = = = +Emmaste is a rural municipality of the Estonian county of Hiiumaa, at the south of the island. +Villages. +Emmaste, Haldi, Haldreka, Harju, Härma, Hindu, Jausa, Kabuna, Kaderna, Kitsa, Kõmmusselja, Külaküla, Külama, Kurisu, Kuusiku, Laartsa, Lassi, Leisu, Lepiku, Metsalauka, Metsapere, Muda, Mänspe, Nurste, Ole, Prassi, Prähnu, Pärna, Rannaküla, Reheselja, Riidaküla, Selja, Sepaste, Sinima, Sõru, Tilga, Tohvri, Tärkma, Ulja, Valgu, Vanamõisa, Viiri, Õngu. + += = = Metsalauka = = = +Metsalauka is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Nurste = = = +Nurste is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Sõru = = = +Sõru is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Sepaste = = = +Sepaste is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Viiri = = = +Viiri is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Prassi = = = +Prassi is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Encyclopedia Americana = = = +Encyclopedia Americana is an encyclopedia in English written by and published by Scholastic. + += = = Ulja = = = +Ulja is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Sinima = = = +Sinima is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Prähnu = = = +Prähnu is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Deepwater Horizon oil spill = = = +The "Deepwater Horizon" oil spill or the BP oil spill, the Gulf of Mexico spill, or the Macondo blowout, was an oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. It was the largest marine oil spill in history. +The spill was caused by an oil gusher when the drilling machines exploded on April 20, 2010. The explosion killed 11 workers and injured 17 people. +They first tried to fix the leak, but that did not work. On July 19, the leak was stopped by putting a cap on top of the broken wellhead pipe. About 7.9 million barrels (780×10 m) of crude oil spilled out before the well was fixed. The amount of oil coming out of the broken well probably started at about 52,000 barrels per day (9,900 m/d) and gradually went down after that. +The spill damaged animal and plant habitats as well as the Gulf's fishing and tourism businesses. Scientists also found oil underwater that could not be seen from the top. People worked to protect hundreds of miles of beaches, wetlands, and estuaries along the northern Gulf coast. The U.S. Government named British Petroleum (BP) as responsible. The company has paid for cleaning up and other damage. By the end of 2011, the U.S. Coast Guard’s Operational Scientific Advisory Team said that there were no more ocean areas needing special cleanup from the oil spill. They were not sure of the condition of the shore. +Effects on the U.S. oil industry. +On May 27, 2010, U.S. President Barack Obama temporarily stopped new drilling for offshore oil rigs. He also made new safety rules to try to stop other oil spills from happening. British Petroleum (BP Oil) owned the Deepwater Horizon oil rig. This company was mostly responsible for the damage caused by the oil spill. They paid out several billion dollars to help people who could not work after the oil spill and to pay for cleanup efforts. +Compensation. +Information in this section is from Upton, Harold F. "The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill" and the Gulf of Mexico Fishing Industry. "Congressional Research Service Report for Congress", February 17, 2011, and the references they contain. +On May 3, 2010, The Gulf Coast Claims Center began to pay for emergency help to businesses and people (such as fishermen) who could not work because of the oil spill. By the end of August, 2010, The Gulf Coast Claims Center had paid more than $395 million. About one third of this money was paid to the fishing industry. By February, 2011, the GCCF had paid about $751 million to people in the business of fishing. People will have three years to figure their costs and ask GCCF for payment. +BP also started a program, called the Vessels of Opportunity Program, to hire local people (who would have been fishing) to use their boats to help clean up the spilled oil. However the program made little or no impact on the spill as the vessels were not fitted with recovery equipment. +There are also other ways for those in the U.S. fishing industry to get paid back for money they lost because of the Gulf oil spill. For example, the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund was started after the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill to help people hurt by oil spills. Another law, the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act lets the U.S. government give help when the Secretary of Commerce sees that all the fishing has failed in one place. +Effects on the fishing business. +On May 2, 2010, 12 days after the blow up and fire of the Deepwater Horizon, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) closed 6,817 square miles of the Gulf of Mexico to fishing. The reason was to make sure that seafood that might be poisoned by the oil would not be sold and maybe make people sick. The U.S. government closed large areas to fishing from the middle of the Atchafalaya Bay of Louisiana, across the coasts of Mississippi and Alabama, and as far as Panama City, Florida. State waters were also closed to fishing in much of the same area. The largest area closed to fishing was 88,522 sq. miles (229,270 km2) on June 2, 2010. By the end of November, 2010, most of the waters were opened to fishing again, with only 1041 sq miles (2697 km2) still closed. However, there was still some oil residue to be found. For example, tar balls were sometimes found in shrimper’s nets. +Short term environmental effects. +Many animals and plants were killed by the Gulf oil spill. Scientists found dead, oil-covered animals including as birds, fish, shrimp, and oysters. Large, decaying fish covered in the thick, dark oil washed up on some beaches. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) found 1,746 birds. 1,014 of these birds had oil on them, 997 were dead, and 749 were alive. The NOAA also found 528 sea turtles, with 400 dead, and 128 alive. The NOAA found 51 mammals, including dolphins, with 47 dead and 4 alive. Some scientists cut open dead fish to look at the inside and found the oil was inside the gills and the heart. +Because fishing was stopped, many small fishing supply stores could not make money. The fishing companies did not have enough fish and lost customers. Normally, many people travel to this area to fish for fun. Because of the oil spill, fewer people traveled there. Therefore, travel businesses and people who help the visitors also lost money. +East of Mobile Bay, damage from oil spill cleanup crews and vehicles caused more damage to the fragile dune habitat than the oil spill itself. Dune habitats can be destroyed by nothing more than light foot traffic and in no way can support the egress of hundreds of vehicles being deployed. Despite large amounts of supporting evidence, BP still denies this and apparently has persons editing and or reverting Wikipedia articles in order to cover up collateral problems associated with the accident. +Environmental effects over time. +Scientists have thought about how much the plants and animals in the Gulf of Mexico would be changed after the oil spill. In general, chemicals in oil can hurt fish and shellfish. In the early life stages, many kinds of fish grow near the shore. Therefore, oil at the shore might change how many fish there are in future years. Also, affected species are part of a food web or provide living areas for other kinds. These things are possible, but there are not yet many actual data of how the fish and shellfish are doing after the oil spill. Most of the shrimp grow in one year. Therefore, changes in the number of shrimp caused by the Gulf oil spill will be known one or two years after the spill. It takes years for many kinds of fish to grow large enough to keep for food. Therefore, it will take years to know the effects of the Gulf oil spill on the very small fish. +The NOAA is still helping animals hurt by the Gulf oil spill. However, not many more are being reported. Instead, the NOAA is spending more time letting wildlife go back into the ocean. For example, sea turtles that were saved from the oil are being let back into the wild ocean. NOAA scientists on research boats have also been measuring whether it is now safe to eat fish from the Gulf (they have found that it is safe). +Counting done by Dauphin Island Sea Lab after the oil spill off the coasts of Mississippi and Alabama found that there were actually more of some kinds of fish a few months after the oil spill. Some scientists think that the closing of fishing areas kept the total number of fish high in spite of the oil spill. +One-third of the oysters sold in the United States come from Louisiana. However, the places where oysters grow have been hurt by recent hurricanes, higher than usual amounts of fresh water coming down the rivers (oysters need salt water) and also the Gulf oil spill. The Louisiana Division of Wildlife and Fisheries have been working with scientists at universities on better ways to grow oysters. Also, in June, 2011, more than 100 million oyster seeds and 500,000 baby oysters were put in test areas to help the oyster areas to grow back. +The US National Marine Fisheries Service thought that the 2011 brown shrimp harvest from waters off of Mississippi and Louisiana would be only slightly lower than usual. It was a much better harvest than in 2010 after the oil spill. Weather in the spring of 2011 was good for growing conditions for the brown shrimp. + += = = Lithium hydroxide = = = +Lithium hydroxide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is LiOH. It contains lithium and hydroxide ions. +Properties. +Lithium hydroxide is a white solid.It is totally white in colour. It can be anhydrous (without extra water molecules attached) or hydrated (water added to it). It dissolves in water to make a basic solution. It reacts with acids to make lithium salts. +Preparation. +Lithium hydroxide is made by reacting lithium carbonate with calcium hydroxide. A calcium carbonate solid is made and a lithium hydroxide solution is left behind. It can also be made by reacting lithium with water or by reacting lithium oxide with water. +Uses. +It is used in spaceships to absorb carbon dioxide. It reacts with carbon dioxide to make lithium carbonate. This prevents people from suffocating in a spaceship. Lithium hydroxide is used to make lithium greases. They are resistant to water and can be used in high or low temperatures. It is used to transfer heat. It can be used in electrolytes. It is also used to prevent corrosion in some nuclear reactors. It can be used to glaze ceramics and make cement. +Safety. +Lithium hydroxide is corrosive, like the other alkali metal hydroxides. It is also a little toxic because it has lithium in it. It can burn skin. + += = = Tilga, Hiiu County = = = +Tilga is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Tohvri, Hiiu County = = = +Tohvri is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Valgu, Hiiu County = = = +Valgu is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Vanamõisa, Hiiu County = = = +Vanamõisa is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Riidaküla = = = +Riidaküla is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Metsapere = = = +Metsapere is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Mänspe = = = +Mänspe is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Great tit = = = +The great tit ("Parus major") is a passerine bird in the tit family Paridae. It is found throughout Europe, the Middle East, Central and Northern Asia, and parts of North Africa. Most great tits do not migrate except in places with harsh winters. +The great tit has a black head and throat. The back is olive-green and the stomach is yellow. It has a white spot on its cheek. The great tit is 12.5-14.0 centimetres long and weighs 16-21 grams. It is a song bird, and has up to 40 kinds of songs and sounds. +In the summer it eats insects and spiders. The great tit eats for example cockroach and grasshopper. +The female lays about 12 eggs and broods them by herself. Both parents take care of the baby birds. The great tit feeds its fledglings on protein-rich caterpillars. + += = = Bayda, Libya = = = +Bayda or Al Bayda is a city in Libya. It is the capital of Al Jabal al Akhdar. Albayda was the first city to start the 17th of February revolution. It is on a high plateau and, until the unification of the two Yemen states in 1990, was part of North Yemen (Sanaa), though it lay near the disputed frontier with South Yemen (Aden). + += = = Shin-Takashima Station = = = +Shin-Takashima Station (����,��������) is a railway station of Yokohama Minatomirai Railway Company in Nishi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. + += = = Booby = = = +A booby is a seabird in the genus Sula, in the order Suliformes. Boobies are large birds with long pointed wings and bills. They hunt fish and squid by diving into the sea and chasing their prey underwater. Facial air sacs under their skin help protect the impact with the water. Boobies get their name because of their lack of fear of humans. Early mariners named them boobies to denote their believed lack of intelligence. + += = = Sakuragichō Station = = = +Sakuragichō Station () is a railway station of JR East, Yokohama Municipal Subway in Naka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. + += = = Chicken turtle = = = +The chicken turtle ("Deirochelys reticularia") is a freshwater turtle found in the southeastern United States. It has a long neck and a brownish shell with yellow lines on it. Their shells are 10 to 15 cm (4 to 6 inches) in length. + += = = Pink fairy armadillo = = = +The pink fairy armadillo ("Chlamyphorus truncatus") or pichiciego is the smallest species of armadillo. It is found in central Argentina where it lives in dry grasslands and sandy plains. +The armadillo's body is 84–117 mm long and its tail is 27-35 mm long. They usually weigh 85 grams. Their armor is a pale pink, and their legs are covered with little white hairs. There is not enough information to say whether it is an endangered species. +About. +The pink fairy armadillo, scientifically know as the Chlamyphorus truncatus, is the smallest living armadillo and one of the least-known burrowing mammals. They are native to central Argentina and are distinguished by their carapace consisting of hardened scales and osteoderms. Additionally, its skin and shell possess distinct features not found in other armadillos. This species exhibits predominantly subterranean behavior, which is a rare trait among burrowing mammals. This differentiation is important because it shows that they the specific skin under their shield suggests biomechanics adaptions, such as advancements in the displacement through the tunnels of sandy soils. +In that environment, the diminutive, pink-hued creature burrows in search of insects, its primary food source. It displays remarkable excavation abilities, swiftly hiding itself from predators like foxes and owls by completely burying itself in a matter of seconds. Its carapace is multi-purposed used for protecting and shielding itself from predators, in addition to allowing it to move efficiently underground. + += = = Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever = = = +The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is a breed of sport and hunting dog that originated in Canada in the 19th century to help hunters with attracting ducks within gunshot range and bringing the duck back to the hunter. They stand 17-21 inches (43 to 53 cm) and weigh 43 to 51 pounds (19 to 23 kg). They are the smallest of the retrievers. Its thick coat of fur protects it from the icy cold water. + += = = The Four Stages of Cruelty = = = +The Four Stages of Cruelty is a series of four printed engravings. They were published by the English artist William Hogarth in 1751. Every print is about a different part of life of Tom Nero, a fictional (not real) character. +The "First stage of Cruelty" shows Nero, when he is a child, hurting a dog. In the "Second stage of cruelty", Nero, who is an adult, beats his horse. Then in "Cruelty in perfection", he becomes a robber and murders his pregnant lover. At last, in "The reward of cruelty", his body is taken from the gallows after his execution and is cut up into pieces by surgeons. This last annotation refers directly to the act of parliament then under consideration and passed in 1752 which changed the law to require the bodies of executed murderers to be surrendered to the surgeons for use in anatomy classes and only buried after they had been anatomized. The act was created in response to the increase in murders, especially in the suburbs of London. +William Hogarth, who had been very unhappy at the acts of cruelty that he saw on the streets of London, printed the pictures for moral learning. They were printed on cheap paper for poor people. The pictures are rougher and more violent than Hogarth's other works, which usually have touches of humor. He had felt he needed to do this to make people understand his message. However, the pictures still have the small, careful details that Hogarth is famous for. +History. +Like most of his other prints, such as "Beer Street" and "Gin Lane", Hogarth wanted "The Four Stages of Cruelty" to be a warning against cruel and evil acts, and that it was easy for a small bully to become a criminal. He wished to stop "that barbarous (mean) treatment of animals, the very sight of which renders (makes) the streets of our metropolis so distressing (terrible) to every feeling mind". Hogarth loved animals. When he painted a portrait of himself, he included his pug in the picture. He also marked the graves of his dogs and birds at his home in Chiswick. +Reception. +Hogarth was pleased with his pictures. "European Magazine" reported that he said to a person who sold books named Mr. Sewell: +In his unfinished "Apology for Painters" he added: +In his 1817 book "Shakespeare and His Times", Nathan Drake said that picture in the first plate changed the opinion of people about "throwing at cocks", and encouraged them to be firmer about stopping the people who did these things. +Some people, however, did not like the series very much. Charles Lamb said that the series were not as good as Hogarth's other works. Art historian Allan Cunningham also disliked the series: + += = = Getting Things Done = = = +Getting Things Done (GTD) is a way of organizing all the things a person has to do. The method was made by David Allen. He has written a book about this subject, with the title of his method. +The Getting Things Done method follows a simple rule: by writing down all tasks your mind is free to focus on the task at hand. In this way, the mind does not have to remember all the things he still has to do. + += = = Uncle Sam = = = +Uncle Sam was first featured on a poster during World War I. It was used to get men and women to sign up for the army. Citizenship and duty went together with Uncle Sam. Uncle Sam is based on a real person named Samuel Wilson, who lived in Troy, New York. He owned a meat packing business with his brother. During the War of 1812, he supplied food for the American soldiers. The food barrels had a “U.S.” on them for United States. The troops knew Samuel was sending the food and called it “Uncle Sam’s.” In 1813 Uncle Sam became the nickname for the US Federal Government. People began to draw Uncle Sam in different ways. Thomas Nast was the first to popularize the image of Uncle Sam, from 1860-1870. Nast gave him a white beard and a Stars and Stripes suit. However, Uncle Sam was not yet done changing. By the early 1900s, Uncle Sam looked nothing like Samuel Wilson. In 1916, James Montgomery Flagg drew his own version of Uncle Sam. In his version Uncle Sam was wearing a tall top hat, blue jacket, and was pointing straight at the viewer. His version was put on the cover of Leslie’s Weekly with the caption “What Are You Doing For Preparedness?” In 1917 Flagg’s Uncle Sam reappeared as a poster with the caption “I Want You.” This poster was used all throughout World War I. The poster reappeared in World War II. Flagg’s illustration is now the standard for Uncle Sam. Uncle Sam has become one of the most iconic images in American politics. + += = = Frederic William Henry Myers = = = +Frederic William Henry Myers (1843 – 1901) was a classical scholar, poet, philosopher, and past president of the Society for Psychical Research. +Education. +Frederic William Henry Myers was educated at Cheltenham College, and Trinity College, Cambridge where he received a B.A. in 1865. +Research. +In 1900 Myers was president of the Society for Psychical Research. +In 1903, after Myers death, "Human Personality and Its Survival of Bodily Death" was compiled and published. It was two large books at 1,360 pages in length, which presented an overview of Myers' research into the unconscious mind. +Frederic Myers had a big influence on William James, Pierre Janet, Théodore Flournoy and Carl Jung. + += = = Joseph Blackburne = = = +Joseph Henry Blackburne (Manchester, 10 December 1841 – London, 1 September 1924), nicknamed 'The Black Death', was the leading British chess Grandmaster during the later part of the 19th century. +Blackburne learned the game at the relatively late age of 18 but quickly became a strong player. He went on to develop a professional chess career that spanned over 50 years. At one point he was the world's second most successful player, with a string of tournament victories behind him. Blackburne especially enjoyed giving simultaneous and blindfold displays around the country. Blackburne also annotated a collection of his own games (explained the moves), and was a chess correspondent for a leading journal until his death. +Blackburne was fond of Scotch whisky, and often drank during a display. He once drank his opponent's glass, and said: "He left it "en prise", and I took it "en passant!"" Much loved, he was supported by subscriptions from his fans in his last years. + += = = Stile = = = +A stile is a simple wooden structure which helps people to climb over a fence in the countryside. Where there is a footpath (a right of way) which goes through a field with animals, there may be a stile so that walkers can climb over out of the field. The stile is there instead of a gate. If there were a gate and there were animals in the field, the animals could escape if the gate were left open. Stiles are, of course, a problem for people who are disabled. +There are many stiles in the countryside in the United Kingdom. Another way of letting walkers through but keeping animals in is to use a kissing gate. + += = = Behaviorism = = = +Behaviorism is an approach to study behavior based only on what can be directly seen. Behaviorists focus on relationships between stimuli and responses. +Unseen qualities such as states of mind (any condition which is significantly different from a normal waking state e.g. as a result of fear or anxiety) were not used in this type of study even though we know that the mind plays a part in all advanced animals' behaviors. Behaviorism states that behavior can be studied without knowing what the physiology of an event is, and without using theories such as that of the mind. By definition, all behavior can be observed. +Behaviorism also relied on another idea, that all human behavior was learned. Behaviorists believed that behavior could be explained by classical or operant conditioning. This is learning as a result of influences from past experiences. However, behaviorists denied the importance of inherited behaviors, instincts (inherent inclination of a living organism), or inherited tendency to behave. They did not believe, or ignored, the idea of heredity(passing of traits to offspring from parents), that something can come from a person's genes. This was the idea of the blank slate, that babies are born with a clean, empty mind. Humans, when born, are thought not to have mental experience or knowledge, and that everything is learned after they grow. The blank slate premise is opposed by modern evolutionary psychology. +Major contributors, scientists to the field of behaviorism include C. Lloyd Morgan, Ivan Pavlov, Edward Thorndike, John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner. +Pavlov researched classical conditioning through the use of dogs and their natural ability to salivate, produce water in their mouths. Thorndike and Watson rejected looking at one's own conscious thoughts and feelings ("Introspection"). They wanted to restrict psychology to experimental methods. Skinner's research leant mainly on behavior shaping using positive reinforcement (rewards rather than punishments). +Today, ideas from behaviorism are used in cognitive-behavioral therapy. Cognitive-behavioral therapy can help people deal with anxieties and phobias, as well as with certain forms of addiction. +As a scientific theory, behaviorism has largely been replaced by cognitive psychology. +Conditioning. +The act of conditioning is when a wanted behavior is made through training. This is done by matching stimuli with a specific behavior. Some behaviors are natural reflexes which people (and animals) are born with. Infants are born with inherited reflexes that help them eat, communicate, and survive. These reflexes are unconditioned, they are not taught to the baby. +Classical conditioning. +Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian conditioning) is when a conditioned stimulus causes an unconditioned response. This explains how people get new responses to different stimuli. +Another example of an unconditioned response is when wind is blown in a person's eyes and they blink without thinking to prevent dust or something from getting into them. This is a reflex that is innate. +Fear conditioning is when a stimulus that used to be a neutral stimulus is used to create fear. One main example is the Little Albert experiment by Watson and Rayner. The researchers tested infants' emotional reactions. They found that Little Albert would react to a loud noise and because of that he conditioned that noise to elicit fear when he saw a white rat. This came to be known as 'conditioned emotional response'. After a period of time, Little Albert would cry when he saw a white rat or anything small and white, even his stuffed animal. +Operant conditioning. +Operant conditioning is also known as instrumental conditioning. It was studied by Thorndike and Skinner. + += = = Pärna = = = +Pärna is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Muda, Estonia = = = +Muda küla is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant = = = +The Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant is a nuclear power plant in Iran. It is about southeast of the city of Bushehr. It is between the fishing villages of Halileh and Bandargeh along the Persian Gulf. +The power plant was first planned back in the 1970s. German companies started the work in 1975, but stopped in 1979. Later, Russia took over the planning. The governments of Iran and Russia agreed to build the nuclear plant. It costs about $800 million dollars. +The Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant is now Iran's first nuclear power plant. It was first filled with nuclear material on 21 August 2010. + += = = Härma, Hiiu County = = = +Härma is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Hindu, Hiiu County = = = +Hindu is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Kitsa, Estonia = = = +Kitsa is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Lepiku, Hiiu County = = = +Lepiku is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Kuusiku, Hiiu County = = = +Kuusiku is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Lassi, Hiiu County = = = +Lassi is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Emmaste-Kurisu = = = +Kurisu is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Ole, Estonia = = = +Ole is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Rannaküla, Hiiu County = = = +Rannaküla is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Õngu = = = +Õngu is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Emmaste-Selja = = = +Selja is a village in Emmaste Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Border Collie = = = +The Border Collie is a breed of dog that originated along the English-Scottish border. It is one of the most intelligent dog breeds. They have been used to herd livestock for over 300 years. It is also famous for a pet or show-dog. The border collie is about 20 inches (51 cm) in height and weighs 31 to 50 pounds (14 to 23 kg). It is usually a long-haired dog. Its coat is often black and white in color. +The Border Collie is a member of the collie dog breed group. +As with other herding and sheepdogs, border collies can be fiercely protective of their territory and their owners. This inclination (likelihood) to protect their family makes them ideal guard dogs. If a border collie notices anything new, they will always alert the family by barking loudly. +Exercise is one of the most important aspects of caring for a Border Collie. The herding dog breed has had over a hundred years of genetic reinforcement (to strengthen) to provide them with intelligence, agility, and a high energy level to perform a job (wrangling sheep) that they generally no longer have to do. This is why Border Collies are not recommended for pet owners who may be unable to provide their dogs with high amounts of exercise. + += = = Ala, Hiiu County = = = +Ala is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Aruküla, Hiiu County = = = +Aruküla is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Hagaste = = = +Hagaste is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Pühalepa-Harju = = = +Harju is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Hausma = = = +Hausma is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Pyrolusite = = = +Pyrolusite is the natural form (ore) of manganese dioxide. Its hardness is about 5 on the Mohs scale. It is used in batteries, although many batteries use artificial manganese dioxide. It is an oxide mineral. + += = = Manganese(II) oxide = = = +Manganese(II) oxide is a chemical compound. It contains manganese in its +2 oxidation state. Its chemical formula is MnO. It is made by reduction of manganese(IV) oxide by hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or methane. It is also made by heating manganese carbonate. + += = = Manganese carbonate = = = +Manganese carbonate, also known as manganese(II) carbonate, is a chemical compound. It is a brownish powder with a chemical formula of MnCO3. It can be heated to produce manganese(II) oxide and carbon dioxide. It is made by reacting a soluble manganese compound such as manganese(II) chloride with sodium carbonate. + += = = Manganese(II) chloride = = = +Manganese(II) chloride is a chemical compound. It has a chemical formula of MnCl2. It is a light pink crystalline solid. It is used to make manganese carbonate and manganese(II) oxide. It is made by reacting manganese with hydrochloric acid or hydrogen chloride. It is also made when manganese(IV) oxide is reacted with hydrochloric acid; this reaction also produces chlorine. + += = = Manganese oxide = = = +Manganese oxide can refer to either of the following compounds: + += = = Minardi = = = +Minardi was an automobile racing team and constructor. It was founded in 1979 by Giancarlo Minardi. It competed in the Formula One World Championship from 1985 until 2005. The team was headquartered in Faenza, Italy. They had little success, but acquiring a loyal group of fans. In 2001 the team was nearly out of money, and was about to shut down. To save the team Mr. Minardi sold it to Australian businessman Paul Stoddart. Stoddart ran the team for five years. Then Stoddart sold the team to the energy drink company Red Bull in 2005. Red Bull renamed the team Scuderia Toro Rosso. +During its time in F1, the team scored a total of 38 championship points. 16 earned by the team's first driver, Pierluigi Martini. Martini also recorded the team's only front row start, 2nd at the United States Grand Prix. Martini led a lap in the Portuguese Grand Prix. The team never achieved a podium (top 3) finish. The best finishing position they managed was 4th place. Martini finished 4th twice in and Christian Fittipaldi in . +Before Minardi's demise, it was a well-liked team within Formula One circles. In the paddock, the team was known for it friendliness, accessibility, and lack of corporate culture. On the track, their cars were considered by many as well-designed for their tiny budget. They never had the money to spend compared to front-runners such as Ferrari and McLaren. Their low running position was a result of a lack of funds and engine power, rather than a poor car. They also resisted employing pay drivers more than most other teams short on money. Pay drivers are drivers who pay the team to drive the race car. Most professional race drivers are paid by a team to drive. Minardi produced an impressive list of former drivers. Two-time World Champion Fernando Alonso drove for them in . Former Minardi drivers who have gone on to win Grands Prix include Alessandro Nannini, Giancarlo Fisichella, Jarno Trulli and Mark Webber. Alex Zanardi, who drove as a substitute driver for Minardi in , went on to win two Champ Car titles. Justin Wilson and Christian Fittipaldi have also won races in premier North American open-wheel competition. +History. +The Minardi family has a longstanding involvement in motorsport. The family has run a Fiat dealership since 1927. Giovanni Minardi competed in his own cars in the late 1940s. After his death, his son Giancarlo took over the racing part of the family business. He ran customer cars in Formula Two under various names from 1972 to 1979. Giancarlo briefly ran a customer Formula One Ferrari as Scuderia Everest in 1976. In 1979, he gaining financial backing Piero Mancini. Mancini was a well known Italian motor racing patron (supporter). This backing allowed Giancarlo to set up the Minardi racing team as a constructor. +Racing History. +Formula Two (1980–1984). +The Minardi team first competed under that name in the 1980 European Formula Two championship. The team commissioned a BMW powered design from Giacomo Caliri's FLY studios. Caliri had earler build Fittipaldi Automotive team's F5A Formula One car. The Minardi team had four moderately successful Formula Two seasons with a variety of young drivers, including Alessandro Nannini and Johnny Cecotto. The team's most best result was a 1981 win at the Misano Circuit by Michele Alboreto. Minardi left the Formula Two division at the end of 1984. In 1986 a modified version of their final Formula Two car was entered in two rounds of the Formula 3000 championship. Formula 3000 had replaced Formula Two in 1985 Minardi did not have any success in Formula 3000. +Minardi Formula One (1985–1993). +During 1984, Minardi made the decision to enter Formula One the next year. Caliri designed the team's prototype Formula One car. The car was intended to be used for both Formula One and the new Formula 3000 series. The car was designed to use the Alfa Romeo's V8 turbocharged engine. When engineer Carlo Chiti left Alfa Romeo, he founded Motori Moderni. Minardi became the only customer for Chiti's new V6 engine design. The engine was not ready for the start of the , so the team converted their chassis, the M185. They used a Cosworth DFV V8 engine for the first two races. The single car team was unsuccessful in its first year. They did not score any points. The new engine was underpowered. Driver Pierluigi Martini finished only two races. Martini's best was 8th place. +The team expanded to two cars for the season. They had little success competing with the Motori Moderni engine. In they started using the Cosworth engines. The team became more competitive. By had become top entrant for tyre maker Pirelli's return to Formula One. The team were moderately successful in the middle of the field through the late 1980s and early 1990s. Minardi gave a number of Italian drivers their first chance at the top level, including Alessandro Nannini, Pierluigi Martini and Gianni Morbidelli. Martini in especially tied with Minardi, driving for them three different times. He drove for them on their debut in . Scored their first point in the United States Grand Prix. Took their only front-row start at USA Grand Prix, aided by special Pirelli tyres. Led their only lap in the Portuguese Grand Prix. Martini was one of the drivers that scored Minardi F1 result of 4th place. +Minardi, Scuderia Italia and Fondmetal (1994–2000). +Through the mid-1990s the team was at the beginning of the end of the Italian Formula One constructors. It was the first team in modern times to make use of customer engines. They used Ferrari engines in . In they switched to Lamborghini V12 engines. In they went to Ford engines. As the number of small teams shrank, Minardi slipped from the mid-field towards the back of the pack. The team was short on money. In Minardi joined his team with BMS Scuderia Italia in an effort to survive. The Minardi team was then controlled by Flavio Briatore. +Gabriele Rumi was an Italian businessman and the former owner of the Fondmetal Formula One team. Rumi had been sponsoring Tyrrell. In Rumi switched his sponsorship support to Minardi. He became more interested in the team, and became the co-owner and chairman. For the season the team were forced to use 1998 specification Ford Zetec-R V10 engines, which were renamed as Fondmetal engines. Rumi had contracted cancer, and was forced to withdraw his backing in 2000. The team scored very few points in this era. Only seven points were scored, four of them by Martini. Michele Alboreto scored his last point in Formula One with a sixth place in the Monaco Grand Prix. Pedro Lamy scored his one and only point in Formula One with a sixth place in the Australian Grand Prix. +European Minardi (2001–2005). +The team, near financial collapse, was purchased by Australian businessman Paul Stoddart in early 2001. Stoddaart merged the team with his European Racing Formula 3000 team. During its final years, the Minardi team was almost as famous for its politics as its racing. Stoddart was described as the Formula One teams' unofficial representative. Stoddart tried to get the costs for the teams reduced. He asked to the other car manufacturers for help. He wanted an agreement where the independent teams in Formula One would get cheaper engine deals. In return, the teams that benefited from this deal would support the factory teams with the FIA. This would help the factory teams oppose new rule changes, such as the proposed ban on traction control. +Before the start of the season, Stoddart threatened to support the ban on traction control. Later he withdrew this threat. Before the Australian Grand Prix Stoddart threatened to withdraw his cars. There were new regulation in place for 2005. He claimed that Minardi could not afford to modify their cars. Once again Stoddart ended up withdrawing his threat. Several times, Stoddart called for the resignation of Max Mosley, the FIA's President. +One of Minardi's most famous performances came at the Australian Grand Prix. It was Australian driver Mark Webber's first Formula One race. At his and Stoddart's home grand prix, Webber brought the car home in fifth place finish. He scored two World Championship points, a rare occurrence for Minardi. +Minardi was represented in by two rookies, Italian Gianmaria "Gimmi" Bruni and Hungarian Zsolt Baumgartner. During the year, they celebrated their 20th season in F1. Baumgartner scored Minardi's first point in more than two years at the United States Grand Prix. Only eight cars finished the USGP, and Baumgartner finished 8th. Baumgartner was also the first Hungarian to score a point in a World Championship F1 race. +In , Minardi's drivers were Christijan Albers and Patrick Friesacher. They scored a total of 7 points, the most since the season. All of the points came from the debacle of the United States Grand Prix. They finished fifth and sixth. Only six cars started the race. None of the cars running Michelins started the race because of tyre problems. After Friesacher sponsors stopped paying him before the German Grand Prix, he was replaced by the Jordan test driver, Robert Doornbos. This created the first ever all-Dutch driver line-up in Formula One history. +Red Bull purchase. +Paul Stoddart stated that he would sell Minardi if he could find the right buyer. Stoddart said he had 41 offers to buy the team. His conditions for a sale was the ability of a buyer to move the team forward and leave the team based in Faenza. The drinks manufacturer Red Bull already owned one Formula One team, Red Bull Racing. They decided to set up a second team. They would promote American drivers through its young driver program, the Red Bull Driver Search. +On 10 September 2005 Red Bull announced it would take control of Minardi in November and run it as their "rookie team" from . +Minardi fans worldwide immediately started an online petition to save the Minardi team name and the team's 20-year heritage. The petition was not successful and the team was renamed Scuderia Toro Rosso for the 2006 season. The team's funding from Red Bull was increased. They started using the Red Bull chassis and Ferrari engines. Their results improved, and Toro Rosso scored their first win at the Italian Grand Prix. +Racing return for Minardi. +Giancarlo Minardi and Paul Stoddart have both made use of the Minardi name in new motorsport ventures. +Giancarlo Minardi. +On 1 January 2006, Giancarlo Minardi re-acquired some rights to use the Minardi name in racing. He announced that he was licensing the Minardi name to an existing team GP Racing in the junior Euro Formula 3000 series, to be entitled 'Minardi Team by GP Racing'. The team raced with moderate success, scoring a podium in each leg of the Spa round in June 2006. For 2007, Minardi Team by GP Racing combined forces with GP2 team Piquet Sports, to form Minardi Piquet Sports. For 2008 the team is known simply as Piquet Sports. +Paul Stoddart. +In 2006, Paul Stoddart declared his intention to enter a new team called 'European Minardi F1 Team Ltd' into Formula One beginning in 2008. His application was unsuccessful, with the 12th place on the grid being awarded to Prodrive. Prodrive was unsuccessful in launching their F1 team. Stoddart turned his attentions to the U.S. based Champ Car series. On 18 December 2006, it was confirmed that he had purchased a controlling interest in the CTE Racing-HVM Champ Car team. The team would be renamed Minardi Team USA. In 2007, the team had some success. Robert Doornbos won two times and had several podium finishes. He finished third in the series, and won Rookie of the Year honors. The Champ Car series folded before the 2008 season. Stoddart's team entering the IndyCar Series under the HVM name. +Stoddart retains the right to use the Minardi name for a British-registered company. + += = = Samuel Reshevsky = = = +Samuel Reshevsky (Szmul Rzeszewski, near Łódź, 26 November 1911 – New York, 4 April 1992) was a Polish-American chess Grandmaster. +Sammy was a famous chess prodigy, and later a leading American chess Grandmaster. He was a contender for the World Chess Championship from about 1935 to the mid-1960s. He came equal third in the World Chess Championship 1948 tournament, and equal second in the 1953 Candidates Tournament. He was also an eight-time winner of the U.S. Chess Championship. +He was the greatest American player in the long period between Pillsbury (d.1906) and Fischer. Sammy was an Orthodox Jew, and did not play on the Jewish Sabbath: his tournament games were re-arranged. He was a regular top board for the USA at Chess Olympiads. He played in eight Olympiads, helping the U.S. team to win the gold in 1937.p335 +Sammy was tremendously strong in matches, and the Soviets made sure he never got the chance to play Botvinnik in a match. He played eleven of the first twelve world champions, and drew a match against Fischer at the age of 49. His one weakness as a player was his time trouble. He used up so much of his time in the early stages of a game that he was often short of time at the end. This probably cost him the Candidates tournament in 1953. +Reshevsky was not a full-time chess player. He was a qualified accountant. + += = = London Bridge = = = +London Bridge is a bridge over the River Thames. It is in central London, and connects the City of London with Southwark. It is between Cannon Street Railway Bridge and Tower Bridge. +On the south side of the bridge are Southwark Cathedral and London Bridge station. On the north side are the Monument to the Great Fire of London and Monument tube station. +It was previously the only bridge over the Thames downstream from Kingston until Putney Bridge opened in 1729. The current bridge opened on 17th March 1973 and is the latest in a succession of bridges to occupy the spot and claim the name. +The bridge carries part of the A3 road, which is maintained by the Greater London Authority; the bridge itself is owned and maintained by a charity overseen by the City of London Corporation. +The name London Bridge is often mistakenly applied to Tower Bridge, which is the next bridge downstream.There's also a Nursery rhyme and Folk song about London Bridge called "London Bridge is Falling Down" +History. +Roman bridge. +A bridge has existed at or near the present site over the period from the Roman occupation of the area, nearly 2,000 years ago. The first bridge across the Thames in the London area, probably a military pontoon bridge, was built of wood by the Romans on the present site around 50 AD. +Around 59 AD, a piled bridge was constructed, and the local Britons built a small trading settlement next to it—the town of Londinium. The settlement and the bridge were destroyed in a revolt led by Queen Boudicca in 60 AD. The victory was short-lived, and soon afterwards the Romans defeated the rebels and set about building a new walled town. Some of the 2nd-century Roman wall has survived to this day. The new town and bridge were built around the position of the present bridge, providing access to the south-coast ports via Stane Street (the A3 route) and Watling Street (the A2). +Medieval bridge. +The southern gatehouse, the Stone Gateway, became the scene of one of London's most notorious sights: a display of the severed heads of traitors, stuck on pikes and dipped in tar to preserve them. The head of William Wallace was the first to appear on the gate, in 1305, starting a tradition that was to continue for another 355 years. Other famous heads on pikes included those of Jack Cade in 1450, Thomas More in 1535, Bishop John Fisher in the same year, and Thomas Cromwell in 1540. In 1598 a German visitor to London counted over 30 heads on the bridge: +The practice was finally stopped in 1660. +The mediaeval bridge itself was demolished in 1831. +Modern bridge. +Until 1750 when Westminster Bridge was built, London bridge was the only structure crossing the River Thames. +The medieval bridge was replaced in 1831, but in 1967 it was dismantled and re-assembled as "London Bridge (Lake Havasu City) London Bridge" at Lake Havasu City, Arizona, now linking an island in the Colorado River with the main part of Lake Havasu City. +In 1968, the current bridge was built. +In June 2012, the bridge was highlighted on the route of Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee Pageant on the Thames. +2017 attack. +At 22:08 BST on 3 June 2017, a van rammed multiple pedestrians on London Bridge. The incident, along with a stabbing attack in Borough Market, led to seven deaths. Three presumed terrorists were shot dead by the police. + += = = Heltermaa = = = +Heltermaa is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Hiiessaare = = = +Hiiessaare is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Hilleste = = = +Hilleste is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Kõlunõmme = = = +Kõlunõmme is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Kukka = = = +Kukka is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Leerimetsa = = = +Leerimetsa is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Linnumäe = = = +Linnumäe is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Lõbembe = = = +Lõbembe is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Palade = = = +Palade is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Suuresadama = = = +Suuresadama is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Nõmba = = = +Nõmba is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. It is in the middle of a forest. Many of the old buildings have thatched roofs, which have been restored. There used to be seven windmills in the village in the early 1900s, but these have all been pulled down. + += = = Bull Terrier = = = +The Bull Terrier is a breed of dog that originated in 19th-century England from a mixture of other dogs. They were first used as fighting dogs. +Bull terriers have a short coat, small triangular eyes and an egg shaped head. They are about 21–22 inches (53–56 cm) in height and weigh about 50–60 pounds (23–27 kg). Bull terriers are very strong for their size. + += = = Bullmastiff = = = +The Bullmastiff is a breed of dog. It started in 19th-century England. It is a mixture of a bulldog and a mastiff. It has a short tan, reddish-brown coat with black on the face and ears. +Appearance. +It stands and weighs . Bullmastiffs were originally used to discourage poaching and are now also used by police and as guard dogs. + += = = Partsi = = = +Partsi is a village in Pühalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia. + += = = Chow Chow = = = +The Chow Chow is a breed of dog that originated in China and is believed to be one of the oldest dog breed. It has a large head, a curly tail and a blue tongue. It has a thick coat of fur and can be either rough or smooth. Most Chow Chows are a reddish brown or black color. It stands about 17–20 inches (43–51 cm) and weighs 45–70 pounds (20–32 kg). + += = = Fredonia = = = +Fredonia can refer to any of the following places: + += = = Chad Johnson = = = +Chad Javon Johnson (born January 9, 1978 in Miami, Florida) is an American football wide receiver. He currently plays for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He has also played in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cincinnati Bengals. Johnson was drafted out of the Oregon State University by the Cincinnati Bengals with the 36th pick in the second round of the 2001 NFL Draft. +On April 17, 2014, Johnson signed a two-year deal to play for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League. +He was also known as Chad Ochocinco. + += = = Kevin McKidd = = = +Kevin McKidd (born 9 August 1973) is a Scottish actor. He has played many acting roles such as Lucius Vorenus on "Rome", as Dan Vasser on "Journeyman", as Poseidon on ", and as Dr. Owen Hunt on "Grey's Anatomy". + += = = Meqabyan = = = +Meqabyan (Amharic: �����), also called called Ethiopic Maccabees or Ethiopian Maccabees, are three books in the Ethiopian Orthodox Old Testament Biblical canon. These books are very different in content from the books of Maccabees in Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Bibles. The Maccabees described in these books are not those of the Hasmonean dynasty, and the "Five Holy Maccabean Martyrs" here do not match "Woman with seven sons", who were also called "Maccabees" and are revered throughout Orthodoxy as the "Holy Maccabean Martyrs". +These books were only written in Ethiopian languages for a long time, but have recently been translated into English. +1st Book of Ethiopian Maccabees. +According to this book, a certain man from the territory of Benjamin called Meqabis had three sons Abya (Amharic: ���- Abijah), Seela (Amharic: ��- Shelah), and Pantos (Pantera), who opposed the tyrannical policies of the king and refused to worship his idols. Their account consumes only a short section of the book, spanning chapters 2 through chapter 5. A second group of brothers are later introduced in Chapter 15. They are called: Yihuda (Amharic: ���- Judah), Meqabis and Mebikyas, and they are said to have lead a successful revolt against the ruthless King Akrandis of Midian. This appears to be a historical allusion to the king Alexander I Balas, who ruled the Seleucid Empire after the death of Antiochius IV, and who supported the legitimacy of the Maccabees cause. However, in this folk rendering of history, Mebikyas enters the king's military camp and decapitates him at his dinner table, while his food was still in his mouth. The remainder of the book, chapters 16 to 36, have no dealing with the Maccabees (disambiguation) revolt and offer no further historical narrative. Their purpose is unknown, as they recount significant events from the Old Testament. +English Translations. + Selassie, Feqade. Ethiopian Books of Meqabyan 1–3, in Standard English. 2008; Lulu Press Inc, Raleigh, NC + Curtin, D.P. The 1st Book of Ethiopian Maccabees. 2017; Dalcassian Publishing, Philadelphia, PA + += = = Bloodhound = = = +The Bloodhound is a large breed of dog famous for its tracking ability by scent. It stands 23–27 inches (58–69 cm) tall and weighs 80–110 pounds (36–50 kg). It has a long nose, large ears with wrinkles on its face. Its fur is short and its coat is usually a brown and black color. Bloodhounds are known to be a gentle and affectionate breed. This breed lives an average of six years and nine months. Bloodhounds are often used by police because of their tracking ability. + += = = Celosia = = = +Celosia is a genus of plants in the family Amaranthaceae. +This plants grow in Eurasia, Africa, South America, and North America. +The number of species is more than 50. Some species: + += = = Chris Kluwe = = = +Christopher James Kluwe (born December 24, 1981 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is a former American football Punter. Kluwe played for the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League (NFL). Kluwe was undrafted but played college football at the University of California. +He is a supporter of same-sex marriage and released a letter on Deadspin that he sent to Maryland state assembly delegate Emmett Burns. In the letter he defended the opinions of Baltimore Ravens linebacker Brendon Ayanbadejo who is a supporter of same-sex marriage and criticized Burns for sending a letter to the Ravens owners to "inhibit such expressions" by their employee and trying to stifle Ayanbadejo's freedom of speech. + += = = The Hangover (movie) = = = +The Hangover is a 2009 American comedy movie and the first installment of the trilogy. The movie is directed by Todd Phillips, and stars Bradley Cooper, Ed Helms, Zach Galifianakis, Justin Bartha, Ken Jeong, Heather Graham and Jeffrey Tambor. It follows three men looking for another friend in Las Vegas, before the wedding is cancelled. +Ratings. +The Hangover received mostly positive reviews: + += = = Wheel theory = = = +Wheel theory is the theory of wheels. A wheel is an algebraic structure where division by 0 has meaning. The term "wheel" was inspired by the topological picture formula_1. +Definition. +A wheel is an algebraic structure satisfying(for all values formula_2, formula_3, and formula_4): +Wheels replace the usual division with a applied to one argument formula_15 similar (but not identical) to the multiplicative inverse formula_16, such that formula_17 becomes shorthand for formula_18. Also, formula_19 replaces the fraction formula_20. + += = = Fundamental theorem of calculus = = = +The fundamental theorem of calculus is central to the study of calculus. It is the theorem that shows the relationship between the derivative and the integral and between the definite integral and the indefinite integral. It is broken into two parts, the first fundamental theorem of calculus and the second fundamental theorem of calculus. +Background. +A definition for derivative, definite integral, and indefinite integral (antiderivative) is necessary in understanding the fundamental theorem of calculus. The derivative can be thought of as measuring the change of the value of a variable with respect to another variable. The definite integral is the net area under the curve of a function and above the x-axis over an interval [a,b]. The indefinite integral (antiderivative) of a function f is another function F whose derivative is equal to the first function f. +History. +The history of the fundamental theorem of calculus begins as early as the seventeenth century with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and Isaac Newton. Leibniz looked at integration as the sum of infinite amounts of areas that are accumulated. As such, he references the important concept of area as it relates to the definition of the integral. Isaac Newton used geometry to describe the relationship between acceleration, velocity, and distance. This is key in understanding the relationship between the derivative and the integral; acceleration is the derivative of velocity, which is the derivative of distance, and distance is the antiderivative of velocity, which is the antiderivative of acceleration. In 1823, Cauchy defined the definite integral by the limit definition. Also in the nineteenth century, Siméon Denis Poisson described the definite integral as the difference of the antiderivatives [F(b) − F(a)] at the endpoints a and b, describing what is now the first fundamental theorem of calculus. It wasn’t until the 1950s that all of these concepts were tied together to call the theorem the fundamental theorem of calculus. +First Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. +The first fundamental theorem of calculus states that if the function f(x) is continuous, then +formula_1 +This means that the definite integral over an interval [a,b] is equal to the antiderivative evaluated at b minus the antiderivative evaluated at a. This gives the relationship between the definite integral and the indefinite integral (antiderivative). +Second Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. +The second fundamental theorem of calculus states that if the function f is continuous, then +formula_2 +This means that the derivative of the integral of a function f with respect to the variable t over the interval [a,x] is equal to the function f with respect to x. This describes the derivative and integral as inverse processes. + += = = Brent Bowden = = = +Brent Michael Bowden (born May 21, 1987 in Huntsville, Alabama) is an American football Punter that is currently a free agent in the National Football League (NFL). Bowden was drafted out of the Virginia Tech University with the 172nd pick in the sixth round of the 2010 NFL Draft by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. + += = = Mafia II = = = +Mafia II is the 2010 sequel to "". It was released on August 24, 2010 in North America and August 27, 2010 in the PAL region. The game is set in Empire Bay which is a parody of The Empire State, the nickname for New York in the years 1945 to 1951. "Mafia II" was protested by an Italian-American group because they thought the game was portraying ethnic stereotypes. +Second sequel. +A third game and final sequel to "Mafia" is "Mafia III", it has been released in 2016. + += = = The Amazing Jeckel Brothers = = = +The Amazing Jeckel Brothers is the fifth studio album by American horrorcore band, Insane Clown Posse. It was released on May 25, 1999. The producers of the album were Insane Clown Posse and Mike E. Clark. The album was the fifth of the "Joker Cards" in the Dark Carnival mythology. The album featured guest vocals such as Ol' Dirty Bastard, Snoop Dogg, The Jerky Boys and Twiztid. + += = = Thomas Morstead = = = +Thomas Morstead (born August 13, 1982 in Pearland, Texas) is an American football punter for the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League (NFL). Morstead was drafted out of Southern Methodist University by the New Orleans Saints with the 164th pick in the fifth round of the 2009 NFL Draft. Morstead won Super Bowl XLIV while part of the New Orleans Saints. + += = = Southwark = = = +Southwark ( ) is the main part of the inner London Borough of Southwark. It is on the Thames, south of London Bridge. It is often called just 'The Borough'. Southwark was once a separate town in Surrey, and was made part of London in 1889. +Southwark has several important buildings: Southwark Cathedral, London Bridge station and the Tate Modern art gallery. Two Roman roads met in Southwark: Watling Street and Stane Street. The area was marshy with islands in Roman times. They built the first London Bridge here. +The word 'Southwark' is pronounced "Suthuk". + += = = London Bridge station = = = +London Bridge station is a major railway and London Underground station in the London Borough of Southwark. It is immediately south-east of London Bridge and 1.6 miles (2.6 km) east of Charing Cross. It is the oldest railway terminus in London, opened in June 1839. There is also a bus station. It is the fourth busiest rail terminal in London. In addition, it is where many commuters transfer between lines. +The mainline station is one of 18 railway stations managed by Network Rail and is a major transport terminus and interchange for south London. Over 54 million people a year use the station. +The underground station is a junction station of two lines, the Jubilee Line and the Bank branch of the Northern Line. All underground platforms are accessed through ticket barriers. The station is in Travelcard Zone 1. It is south of the River Thames, so it does not have a direct connection to the Circle Line. + += = = Watling Street = = = +Watling Street is the name of an ancient route in England. It was first used by the Ancient Britons between Canterbury and St Albans. +Later the Romans made it one of the main Roman roads in Britain. The Romans paved the route from London to the port of Dover, and from London to St Albans. 'Street' comes from the old word for paving. Eventually, the road stretched to Caerwent in Wales on the Severn estuary, just west of Chepstow. +Its route is now covered by the A2 road from Dover to London, and the A5 road from London to Wroxeter (Roman "Viriconium", in modern Shropshire). These are major roads in England, which still exist alongside the modern motorways. +Mancetter on Watling Street is thought to be the site of Boudica's defeat by the Romans. Later, the A5 was part of the southwestern border of the Danelaw. In the early 19th century, the course between London and the Channel was paved and became known as the Great Dover Road. At various points along the historic route, the name Watling Street is still used. JAMES STYLES + += = = Kia Picanto = = = +The Kia Picanto is a car produced by Kia Motors. It replaced the Kia Pride in 2003. The Fiat Idea Hyundai i10 is based on the Picanto's platform. + += = = Southwark Cathedral = = = +Southwark Cathedral, in Southwark, London, lies on the south bank of the River Thames close to London Bridge. +It is the mother church of the Anglican Diocese of Southwark. It has been a place of Christian worship for over 1,000 years, but a cathedral only since 1905. The present building is mainly Gothic, from 1220 to 1420. +The main railway line from London Bridge station to Cannon Street station passes close to the cathedral, blocking the view from the south side. Borough Market and the Hall of the Worshipful Company of Glaziers and Painters of Glass by the river are close by. +History. +Saxon and medieval. +The earliest reference to the site was in the Domesday Book survey of 1086. The 'Minster' of Southwark seems to be under the control of Bishop Odo of Bayeux (William the Conqueror's half-brother). Its early history is obscure. A Saxon minster (a teaching church) served a south Thames area. In 1106, Henry I's reign, the latter became an Augustinian Priory: Norman stonework can still be seen, and Thomas Becket preached here before departing to Canterbury, days before his murder in 1170. +Architecture. +The church is the oldest Gothic church building in London, built from 1220 to 1420. It is one of the smallest cathedrals, which is because it was not built as a cathedral, but as a Priory chapel. +Choir. +The cathedral has three choirs, The main Cathedral Choir is supported financially by the St Olave's & St Saviour's Schools Foundation. They were two parochial schools set up in the 1560s, and still hold their annual services here as their 'foundation' church. + += = = 4Lyn = = = +4LYN is a German nu metal group, based in Hamburg. It formed in 1995 as "Headtrip". +History. +In the year 2000 the band renamed to 4LYN after realizing the band name "Headtrip" was used by many other rock bands all over the world. The letters "LYN" are for "Little Young Nasties" and the "4" for the sum of the band members. They became famous after touring with bands such as Papa Roach, Dredg, Thumb and Therapy?. Finally in spring 2001 they released their first album. In 2002 they continued their successful way with another album called "neon" and live performances such as on Rock am Ring and the "Desperados"-Tour together with Cosmotron and Dredg. In the mid-2000s, they changed their style from nu metal to emo and alternative rock. + += = = Charing Cross station = = = +Charing Cross station might mean: + += = = Volkswagen Sharan = = = +The Volkswagen Sharan is a car produced by Volkswagen in two generations since 1995. The SEAT Alhambra and the Ford Galaxy are based on the same platform as the Sharan. + += = = Cannon Street station = = = +Cannon Street station is a central London railway terminus and London Underground station complex in the City of London, the financial district of London. It is built on the site of the mediaeval Steelyard, the trading base in England of the Hanseatic League. It is in Travelcard Zone 1. +Rail. +This is a terminal station approached across the River Thames by the Cannon Street Railway Bridge, with entrances from Cannon Street and Dowgate Hill. Its approach by rail is by a triangular connection to both London Bridge station and Charing Cross station. Cannon Street is one of seventeen UK railway stations managed by Network Rail. +Original structure. +The station was opened by the South Eastern Railway on 1 September 1866. The original station building had two Wren-style towers, square and high, which faced on to the River Thames. The towers supported a long iron train shed crowned by a high single arch, almost semicircular, of glass and iron. To this was joined in 1867 an Italianate style hotel and forecourt. These gave passenger facilities, as well as an impressive frontage onto the street. + += = = Farringdon station = = = +Farringdon station is a London Underground and National Rail station in Clerkenwell, just north of the City of London in the London Borough of Islington. +Current developments. +Farringdon will, from 2017, be one of the country's busiest stations (if not the busiest station) by number of trains passing through, being served by both Crossrail and the upgraded Thameslink route, as well as the existing Underground lines. +Thameslink upgrade. +Farringdon station has been renovated, to allow longer Thameslink trains to fit, and to make other improvements to the station. The existing station building will be given a new roof canopy, and a new entrance and concourse facing Turnmill Street. Platforms will be made wider and longer, which will require the Cowcross Street bridge pillars to be moved. The bridge, along with the Cardinal Tower building, will be torn down and rebuilt once the pillars have been shifted.Cowcross Street will be made into a street for pedestrians only. Lifts will be provided throughout. +The existing ticket hall and concourse will be re-built. Interchange within the station will be improved by means of removing the existing interchange bridge and installing new stairs and lifts with access to all four platforms, thereby allowing disabled passengers to use the station. +Extending the platforms towards the north could not be done due mainly due to the steep gradient (1 in 27) of the Thameslink line immediately north of Farringdon. The platforms therefore had to be extended to the south, cutting off the two-station branch to Moorgate. As a result, since Christmas 2009 Thameslink trains no longer call at Barbican and Moorgate stations, but London Underground still serve those stations. +The new station is designed by the architects from the firm Aukett Fitzroy Robinson. +Crossrail development. +A 'Farringdon' Crossrail station is being built between Farringdon and Barbican underground (tube) stations and it will have interchanges with both of them. Access at the Farringdon end will be via the new Thameslink ticket hall. Work will not be complete until 2017. + += = = St Pancras station = = = +St Pancras station, also known since 2007 as St Pancras International, is a central London railway terminus celebrated for its Victorian architecture. +Buildings. +The Grade I listed building stands on Euston Road between the British Library, King's Cross station and the Regent's Canal. It was opened in 1868 by the Midland Railway as its southern terminus. The company became the LMS: the London, Midland and Scottish railway. When the station opened, the arched train shed was the largest single-span roof in the world. +History. +After escaping planned demolition in the 1960s, the complex was renovated and expanded during the 2000s at a cost of £800 million. A secure terminal area was constructed for Eurostar services to continental Europe—via High Speed 1 and the Channel Tunnel—along with platforms for domestic connections to the north and south-east of England. The restored station houses fifteen platforms, a shopping centre and a bus station, in addition to London Underground services from King's Cross St. Pancras tube station. St Pancras is owned by London and Continental Railways along with the adjacent urban regeneration area known as King's Cross Central. + += = = Blackfriars station = = = +Blackfriars station is a London Underground and National Rail station in the City of London. It is close to Blackfriars Bridge at the junction of New Bridge Street and Queen Victoria Street. It is in Travelcard Zone 1. The Underground station was closed until 2011 while refurbishment and major engineering works took place. +Blackfriars station is being rebuilt and the office building above it demolished and replaced as part of the Thameslink programme. The mainline station remained open during this work except for a period of two months around Christmas 2010 when trains passed through without stopping. The Underground station was closed until late 2011. + += = = Doctor (title) = = = +Doctor is an academic degree, awarded by a university or similar institution. "Doctor" may be used to refer to a person with a doctorate. +To get the degree, people need to pass a doctorate exam, or write a thesis or dissertation. The requirements vary according to the subject-matter. +There are three levels of university qualification: +Depending on the country, there are cases where people get what is called a professional doctorate. This is mostly the case in law, and in medicine. A professional doctorate is comparable to a master's degree. +People who have a doctor's degree may use the title "doctor", though in practice it is often used only by medical doctors. Medical doctors examine, diagnose and treat patients. They can specialize in a number of medical areas, such as pediatrics, anesthesiology or cardiology, or they can work as general practice physicians. Becoming a medical doctor requires a doctoral degree in medicine and participating in clinical training. Medical doctors need a licence, and certification may also be required for many specialists. + += = = Newfoundland dog = = = +The Newfoundland is a large breed of dog that originated in Newfoundland. They were first used by fishermen and sailors to carry goods and would jump overboard to save people from drowning. Newfoundlands are great swimmers because of their waterproof fur, their webbed feet and their strong muscles. +The Newfoundland is a very large dog breed, standing 26–28 inches (66–71 cm) and weighing 100–150 pounds (45–68 kg). The largest Newfoundland found was 72 inches (180 cm) long and weighed 160 pounds (73 kg). Their coat of fur is usually long and a black, brown or gray color. Their facial hair is very short. The head is very large and the face is smooth with few wrinkles. The ears are long and wide, and reach below the jaw. The neck is strong and muscular. The Newfoundland's chest is large and wide with a large lung capacity. Because Newfoundlands are excellent swimmers, their thighs are very strong and muscular and their feet are tight. Their tail is very strong and is important for them to swim well. +Newfoundlands can suffer from a lot of health problems. They are the fifth most likely breed to have hip dysplasia. Newfoundlands can have problems with cystinuria in a similar way to humans. Newfoundlands can inherit subvalvular aortic stenosis, a trait which hurts the heart. +Newfoundlands are known to be very gentle and loyal dogs. Because of their protective nature for children, Newfoundlands have been used as watchdogs. They have very thick fur so owners need to brush it once a week. + += = = PlayStation Store = = = +The PlayStation Store is an online market for users of Sony's PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable and PlayStation Vita game consoles via the PlayStation Network. + += = = Literary genre = = = +A literary genre means the style of a certain piece of literature, such as a book. Several common ones are epic, comedy, tragedy, novel, and short story. There are other ways to group them, though. A piece of literature is either poetry or prose. There are three types of poetry; narrative, lyric, and dramatic. There are two types of prose; fiction and nonfiction. + += = = Boys Don't Cry (movie) = = = +Boys Don't Cry is a 1999 American drama movie. The stars of the movie are Hilary Swank and Chloe Sevigny. This movie is about Brandon Teena (1972-1993), a female-to-male transsexual in Nebraska who was raped and murdered. + += = = Rubidium hydroxide = = = +Rubidium hydroxide is a chemical compound. It is composed of rubidium and hydroxide ions. Its chemical formula is RbOH. It is a very strong base. It can eat through glass. It is made by dissolving rubidium oxide in water. It causes immediate burns to the skin. It gets very hot when it is dissolved in water. It is a white solid. + += = = Rubidium oxide = = = +Rubidium oxide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Rb2O. It is a yellow solid. It reacts vigorously with water to produce rubidium hydroxide, a very strong base. It is made by reduction of rubidium nitrate using rubidium metal. It can also be made by reduction of rubidium hydroxide with rubidium metal. It reacts with hydrogen to disproportionate it into rubidium hydroxide and rubidium hydride. + += = = Rubidium nitrate = = = +Rubidium nitrate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is RbNO3. It is a colorless crystalline solid. It is an oxidizing agent. It is made by reacting rubidium or rubidium hydroxide with nitric acid. The reaction with rubidium is very violent. It is used to make other rubidium compounds. + += = = Rubidium hydride = = = +Rubidium hydride is a chemical compound. It contains rubidium and hydride ions. Its chemical formula is RbH. It is a strong reducing agent and will react with water, air and chlorine violently. It is made by disproportionating hydrogen by reacting hydrogen with rubidium hydroxide. This process also produces rubidium oxide. It is normally made by reacting rubidium and hydrogen. + += = = Jane Addams = = = +Jane Addams (September 6, 1860 – May 21, 1935) was an American social worker and sociologist. She was born in Cedarville, Illinois. In 1886, she founded a place called Hull House along with Ellen Gates Starr. It tried to take care of the problems poor people and immigrants faced in Chicago through social work. She wanted more peace, and more civil rights for immigrants and women against prostitution. She was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931, and was the first American woman to earn it. She was the sister of Alice Haldeman. Addams was a lesbian. She died in Chicago. + += = = Hurricane Audrey = = = +Hurricane Audrey was the most powerful June hurricane in the recorded history of the Atlantic since record keeping began. This storm struck Louisiana and Texas, killing more than 500. This hurricane was a very powerful category 3 on the Saffir-Simpson scale. + += = = Calcium phosphate = = = +Calcium phosphate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Ca3(PO4)2, although there are other formulas, like Ca2HPO4 (dicalcium phosphate) and Ca(H2PO4)2 (monocalcium phosphate). It is made of calcium and phosphate ions. +Properties. +It is a white or gray solid. It becomes more insoluble when heated; most chemicals become more soluble (more easily dissolved). +Occurrence. +It is found in teeth, bones, and milk, as well as in the ground. +Uses. +It is used to make phosphoric acid. It is used to make fertilizer. +It is also used in bovine milk + += = = Hurricane Joan–Miriam = = = +Hurricane Joan was a powerful and deadly hurricane during 1988. Over 200 people died because of Joan. The hurricane reached Category 4 strength. + += = = Richard Rusczyk = = = +Richard Rusczyk is one of the creators of the Mandelbrot competition, and the founder of Art of Problem Solving (AoPS) Inc, and Beast Academy He also founded the San Diego Math Circle. +Rusczyk graduated from Princeton University in 1993. + += = = Hereford Cathedral = = = +Hereford Cathedral is a church in the town of Hereford. The present building was started in 1079. Before that there were two other cathedrals. It is the seat of the Bishop of Hereford. +The most famous treasure in Hereford Cathedral is the "Mappa Mundi", a mediæval map of the world dating from the 13th century. The cathedral is a Grade I listed building. +The building of the cathedral. +The first Hereford Cathedral was a stone building from the 7th century. After about 200 years it was changed, but then it was burnt down in 1056 by Welsh and Irish soldiers. The rebuilding started in 1079 and it was finished around 1140. +Many changes have been made since that time. The cathedral originally had Norman architecture, but not much of that has survived. By the end of the 13th century most of it had been changed. The changes continued in the 14th century when the central tower was rebuilt. Many other parts were added, the last big change was the adding of the main north entrance finished in 1535. This was mostly the cathedral we see today. +Today’s cathedral. +The Norman columns and arches of the nave have some decorations. They are original, done in the early 12th century. In the south aisle of the nave there are two tombs dating from the 14th century tombs. They are for members of the clergy but we do not know who they are. There is a tomb for Sir Richard Pembridge who was a Knight of the Garter. +There is a modern rood screen, a big lantern, and a reredos (a screen or decoration behind the altar). The Lady Chapel has lancet windows (tall, narrow windows) and lots of ornaments. There is a bit of ancient ironwork in the tomb of Bishop Booth who had the porch built There is also a large Norman font. The north transept was built in the Decorated Gothic. It has the shrine of St. Thomas of Hereford. The north window has some beautiful 19th century stained glass. +The tomb of the shrine of Bishop Cantilupe is built of Purbeck marble. The south transept may be the oldest part of the cathedral. The choir (the part of the cathedral where the choir sit), has many beautiful features. There is a reredos which represents Jesus on the cross. Two pointed arches show Christ with angels and the four evangelists. There is also a very strange, old Episcopal chair. +Music. +The organ was built in 1892 by Henry Willis. It is one of the best organs he made. Organists of the past include John Bull and Samuel Sebastian Wesley. Today the organist is Geraint Bowen. There has been a choir at Hereford Cathedral from at least as far back as the 13th century. Hereford Cathedral is one of the three cathedrals which house the Three Choirs Festival. In the tower there are 10 bells. They are often called the "Grand Old Lady". +Special treasures. +The famous Hereford "Mappa Mundi" (Map of the World) dates from the 13th century. It is the largest (except for one) map from that period drawn on a single sheet of vellum. It was ignored for many years, then in 1855 it was cleaned and repaired at the British Museum. It shows the world as round, with the ocean all around it. It was nearly sold in the 1980s, but money was found to build a library where it could be hung. This is where it is now. +Another famous document is one of only four copies of the Magna Carta to survive. It is kept very carefully, and sometimes shown to the public in the library next to the Mappa Mundi. + += = = Unfinished building = = = +An unfinished building is a building that was being built, but was either abandoned or is on hold. There are many different reasons why buildings have not been completed. One of the biggest reasons for unfinished buildings, is when the money runs out. The National Monument in Scotland was planned to be a War Memorial for soldiers killed in the Napoleonic Wars. Building started in 1826, but the money ran out in 1829. The Sagrada Família, a church in Barcelona, Spain, was started in 1882 and is still not finished. It is not finished because the architect, Antoni Gaudí, who died in 1926 after he was hit by a tram, did not leave many plans for the building. What was left was destroyed during the Spanish Civil War. The war also meant that there was not enough money to complete the project. + += = = Pierre Pilote = = = +Joseph Albert Pierre Paul Pilote (December 11, 1931 – September 9, 2017) was a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman that played his playing career for the Chicago Black Hawks and Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League (NHL). Pilote won the Stanley Cup with the Chicago Black Hawks in 1961 and became the captain of the Black Hawks. Pilote won the Norris trophy 3 times one in 1963, one in 1964 and one in 1965. +Pilote died in Barrie, Ontario on September 9, 2017 of cancer at the age of 85. +Awards. +Pilote won many awards during his playing career: + += = = Twinkie the Kid = = = +Twinkie the Kid is the mascot for Twinkies, a cream-filled snack cake. He is a trademark of Interstate Bakeries Corporation and has appeared on Twinkie packaging, in commercials, and as collectible related merchandise. +Description. +Twinkie the Kid is an anthropomorphized Twinkie, which means he is a Twinkie that has been given human-like features. He looks like a wrangler and wears boots, gloves, a kerchief, and a ten-gallon hat. + += = = Un medico in famiglia = = = +Un medico in famiglia (in ) is an Italian drama TV series. It aired on Rai 1 and started in 1998. It is now in its ninth season. +The TV series focuses around the lives of the Martini family. They live in Rome. Lele Martini is a doctor and a widower with three children: Maria, Francesco "Ciccio" and Anna "Annuccia". He falls in love with his sister-in-law, Alice Solari. At the end of the second season, they get married and have two twins. Lele hires Cettina as their "au pair". Cettina is a Neapolitan woman (she comes from Mondragone) who pretends to be Polish in order to be hired. Eventually the Martinis find out that Cettina is actually Italian, but they do not fire her. At the beginning of the third season Lele, Alice and their twins leave Italy in order to live in Australia. Lele puts his children in the hands of their grandpa, Nonno Libero. Cettina falls in love with Torello, a funeral director. They get married at the end of the third season. Maria falls in love with Guido, a doctor. They get married at the end of the fourth season. +In the sixth season Lele, who divorced from Alice, returns home with his children, Bobo and Elena. Cettina is disappeared in a shipwreck: she is supposed to be dead, but this is not true. In fact, she lost her memory and became a very rich woman in the United States. She decided to go to Italy for an holiday and here she meets the Martinis. She gradually recovers her memory and joins her husband and her son, Eros. Lele in this season has two girlfriends: the doctress Funny and the chocolate seller Bianca. Eventually he decides to get engaged to Bianca. Melina, Cettina's cousin, is hires as the Martinis new "au pair". She falls in love with Dante Piccione, a gauche man who gambles on the horses. + += = = Chris Chelios = = = +Christos Kostas Tselios (born January 25, 1962 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American retired professional ice hockey defenceman that played his playing career for the Chicago Blackhawks, Montreal Canadiens, Detroit Red Wings and Atlanta Thrashers of the National Hockey League (NHL). Chelios won the Stanley Cup in 2008 and was also the captain of the Chicago Blackhawks from 1995 to 1999. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame on July 9, 2013. + += = = Milk chocolate = = = +Milk chocolate is a type of chocolate. It contains cocoa, sugar, and milk. The term "milk chocolate" was first used in 1687, to describe a drink which came from Jamaica to London, but the milk chocolate bar did not exist until 1875, when inventor Daniel Peter mixed the ingredients together to make it. + += = = Ed Litzenberger = = = +Edward Charles John "Eddie" Litzenberger (born July 15, 1932 in Neudorf, Saskatchewan: died November 1, 2010) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger. He played for the Chicago Black Hawks, Montreal Canadiens, Detroit Red Wings and Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League (NHL). Litzenberger won the Stanley Cup four times - onc with the Chicago Black Hawks, in 1961, and three times with the Toronto Maple Leafs, in 1962, 1963, and 1964. + += = = 7 World Trade Center = = = +7 World Trade Center is a building in Lower Manhattan, New York City. It is part of the new World Trade Center complex and was completed in 2006. The original 7 World Trade Center was in the same place, was completed in 1987 and destroyed on September 11, 2001 along with the other buildings in the World Trade Center. + += = = Matt Birk = = = +Matthew Robert Birk (born July 23, 1976 in St. Paul, Minnesota) is an American football center for the Baltimore Ravens. Lewis was drafted out of the Harvard University by the Minnesota Vikings with the 173rd pick in the sixth round of the 1998 NFL Draft. Birk formerly played for the Minnesota Vikings and signed a three-year, $12 million contract as a free agent with the Baltimore Ravens. He won Super Bowl XLVII with the Ravens when they defeated the San Francisco 49ers 34-31. + += = = Claude Lemieux = = = +Claude Percy Lemieux (born July 16, 1965 in Buckingham, Quebec) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey right winger. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Montreal Canadiens, New Jersey Devils, Colorado Avalanche, Phoenix Coyotes, Dallas Stars and the San Jose Sharks. Lemieux won the Stanley Cup 4 times once in 1986 with the Montreal Canadiens, once in 1995 with the San Jose Sharks, once in 1996 with the Colorado Avalanche and once in 200 with the New Jersey Devils. +On July 8, 2009, Lemieux announced that he was retiring from playing professional ice hockey. + += = = Zune = = = +Zune was an entertainment platform and portable media player made by Microsoft. +The Zune Marketplace was an online music, video and podcast store that integrates with Zune software, Zune devices, phones with Zune support, and Xbox 360. +In 2011, the Zune series of media players was discontinued. + += = = Xbox Live Marketplace = = = +Xbox Live Marketplace (XBLM) is a virtual market designed for Microsoft's Xbox 360 console that allows Xbox Live members to download purchased or promotional content. + += = = Georgi Markov = = = +Georgi Ivanov Markov (; 1 March 1929 – 11 September 1978) was a Bulgarian dissident writer. He was born in Sofia and was murdered in London. He was stabbed in the leg with an umbrella which injected ricin, a deadly poison. It is believed that Bulgarian security persuaded the KGB to do the job. + += = = Jennie Kwan = = = +Jennie Trinidad Fernando Kwan (born September 9, 1973) is a American actress and singer. She played "Kim" in the original American tour of the musical "Miss Saigon," and "Christmas Eve" in the original national tour of "Avenue Q". She has made a number of television shows, and is now known for being the voice of popular anime and video game characters. +Early life. +Kwan was born and raised in Los Angeles, California. Her birth name was Jennie Trinidad Fernando. She identifies as American, and also Filipino, Spanish, German, Italian and Chinese. She is the daughter of a medical lab technician. +Career. +Kwan started singing professionally when she was 11. She was in a band called "Kids of the Century." +"Miss Saigon" opened in London in 1989, where it played for ten years. "Miss Saigon" opened on Broadway in 1991. The play was a "megahit," meaning it was very popular. It made over $10 million dollars by the time it opened in Chicago, Illinois a year later. After a worldwide search, Kwan was asked to play Kim. She was still in high school. +She acted in commercials and on television shows like "Beverly Hills, 90210". She also had modeling jobs. She acted in a miniseries called "Wild Palms". In "California Dreams", Kwan plays Samantha Woo, a foreign-exchange student that is very boy crazy. Recent live-action appearances were on "New Girl" and "Entourage". Jennie Kwan has also appeared in many other movies, TV shows, and plays. +She has become a well-known voice actor. She played "Suki" in the television show and video game. She voiced "Satoko Houjou" for the 2007 TV show "When They Cry." Kwan also voiced "Mayuko Nise" for the 2021 television show, "High-Rise Invasion." She was also in "Raya and the last dragon", and "Onward"! +Accomplishments. +Jennie Kwan has starred in multiple shows that helped her get fame, including Kwan has also been in plays including "Miss Saigon", where she plays Kim, a bar girl from Vietnam. Kwan has also voiced many anime and cartoons! Kwan can sing too, and wants to sing more in her future. +Music. +In 2001, Jennie left acting for a while to join the girl group Nobody's Angel. However, with its popularity quickly declining, the group split up just one year later. + += = = André Sogliuzzo = = = +André Sogliuzzo (born August 10, 1966) is an Italian-American voice actor. He is known for doing many voices for many characters. These include additional voices in "Open Season", voices in "", "American Dad!", "Jackie Chan Adventures", and McSquizzy in "Open Season 3". + += = = SoundtrackNet = = = +Soundtrack.Net is a website dedicated to movie and television music. +History. +The website was founded in 1997 by David A. Koran and Dan Goldwasser at Carnegie Mellon University. In November 2005, "Time Magazine" listed SoundtrackNet as one of the "Top 20 Music Websites of 2005". In October 2011, the site was acquired by Box Office Mojo cofounder Sean Saulsbury. + += = = Avatar Airbender = = = +Avatar Airbender is an roller coaster made after the end of TV series "" at Nickelodeon Universe in the Mall of America. + += = = Hungerford Bridge and Golden Jubilee Bridges = = = +Hungerford Bridge, often called Charing Cross Bridge, is a railway bridge. It crosses the River Thames in London from Charing Cross station across to the south, near Waterloo station. +The bridge lies between Waterloo Bridge and Westminster Bridge. It is a steel bridge with two more recent pedestrian bridges on either side. These were named the Golden Jubilee Bridges, but are really just footpaths alongside the railway bridge. Each footpath has steps and lift access. +The north end of the bridge is Charing Cross station. It is near Embankment Pier and the Victoria Embankment. The south end is near Waterloo station, County Hall, the Royal Festival Hall, and the London Eye. +The first version of the bridge was designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, and opened in 1845. The bridge and the walkways have been reworked and expanded at various times. + += = = Upper Deck Company = = = +The Upper Deck Company, LLC (colloquially as Upper Deck and Upper Deck Authenticated, Ltd. in the UK), founded in 1988, is a private company primarily known for producing trading cards. + += = = Car of the Century = = = +The Car of the Century (COTC) was an international award given to the most important car of the Twentieth Century. The election was run by the Global Automotive Elections Foundation. The winner was the Ford Model T. It was announced at an awards event on 18 December 1999 in Las Vegas, Nevada. + += = = Albert Bridge, London = = = +Albert Bridge is a road bridge over the River Thames in West London. It connects Chelsea on the north bank to Battersea on the south bank. +History. +Albert Bridge was designed and built in 1873 as a cable-stayed bridge, it proved to be structurally unsound. Between 1884 and 1887 Sir Joseph Bazalgette added some elements of a suspension bridge. More work was done in 1973. As a result, the bridge today is a hybrid of three different design styles. +Built as a toll bridge, it was unsuccessful. Six years after its opening it was taken into public ownership, and the tolls were lifted. The tollbooths remained in place, and are the only surviving examples of bridge tollbooths in London. Its nickname is 'The Trembling Lady' because of its tendency to vibrate when large numbers of people walked over it. Signs at the entrances warn troops from the nearby Chelsea Barracks to break step while crossing the bridge. +With a roadway only wide, and with serious structural weaknesses, the bridge was ill-equipped to cope with motor traffic. Despite this, Albert Bridge has remained open to vehicles, apart from brief spells for repairs. It is one of only two Thames road bridges in central London which have never been replaced. +The strengthening work did not prevent further decay of the bridge's structure. Strict traffic control limits its use and prolongs its life. It is the least busy Thames road bridge in London except for Southwark Bridge. The bridge's condition continues to get worse as the result of traffic. Also, severe rotting of the timber deck is caused by the urine of dogs using it as a route to nearby Battersea Park. +In 1992 Albert Bridge was rewired and painted in an unusual colour scheme designed to make it easy to see, and avoid being hit by shipping. At night it is lit by 4,000 bulbs, making it one of West London's most striking landmarks. +In June 2012, the bridge was highlighted on the route of Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee Pageant on the Thames. The Royal Barge launched from the pier at Albert Bridge. + += = = Action figure = = = +Moveable man of action or the action figure is a character figurine.They may be made from plastic or other materials.They are often based on characters from a movie, comic book, video game, or television program. One of the most famous action figures is G.I. Joe. +History. +Before the 1960s, toys had little or no movement. The company Hasbro in 1964 came up with a new toy they called an action figure. This toy was G.I. Joe created by Stan Weston. G.I. Joe had a military look with changeable clothing and accessories ready for action. Action figures were made to give boys a toy since Barbie in 1959 was so popular with girls. Starting in the 1970s comic book superheroes were made into action figures. Marvel Comics and DC Comics began making their action figures to appeal to kids favorite superheroes. +Hasbro spent many years getting information and drawings of military weapons and vehicles for the use of their military action figures the G.I. Joes.The first African American G.I. Joe was made in the second year of the action figures. In 1967 the first female G.I. Joe was made, she was a nurse. G.I. Joe in 1985 got a cartoon TV show and in 2009 a movie was made. +Over many years Hasbro made "men of action" figures including people like: George Washington, Robert E. Lee, John F. Kennedy,Bob Hope, etc. +In the 1980s, the need for action figures got bigger with all the cartoons that started on TV. Shows like Masters of the Universe, G.I. Joe and Thundercats which got the attention of young boys and gave a need for the action figures of their favorite shows. Hasbro got the idea for the Transformers we know today from a cartoon in Japan and brought it to the United States in 1984, cartoon episodes and then action figures soon came along. +By the 1990s action figures became toys for adults as well but for the use of collecting and value. These action figures came from movies, TV,and famous people like rock stars. +From the 2000s on, and up to these days, there was a transition made into movies, where popular movies would have action figures of their own characters. And not only movies, but also musicians, athletes and other figures of importance in the media. +Today, the adult collector market for action figures is expanding with companies like McFarlane Toys, Palisades, and NECA.Companies have given numerous movie characters, musicians, and athletes their very first highly detailed figures. These are commonly intended as display pieces rather than toys; however, child-oriented lines such as the Masters of the Universe revival and Justice League Unlimited still get adult collector followings as well. Comic book are also able to get figures of their characters produced, regardless of whether or not they appeared in movies or animated cartoons. Examples of companies that produce comic figures and merchandise almost exclusively include Toy Biz and DC Direct. +Adult-action figure lines are often exclusive to specific chain stores rather than mass retail. Popular lines often have figures available exclusively through mail-in offers and comic conventions like comic con, which raises their value significantly. Ploys such as packaging "errors" and "short-packed" figures have also been used by toy companies to increase collector interest. +How they are made. +Action figures are usually made of plastic. These toys are able to move and hold different poses. Making an action figure starts with the idea and drawing. Next, wire and clay models are made. When a figure is approved, it gets molded from a plastic. Paint and fabric complete the toy. +Action figures and gender. +Action figures were made to give boys a toy like Barbie. Unlike Barbie, G.I. Joe was meant to be manly and strong which is why a military toy was made. +Like Barbie, The action figure's body shows an almost unrealistic body image for boys. Some action figures like the WWE wrestler's body on the action figure have unrealistic muscles. These body images of strong wrestlers, superhero, and G.I. Joe tell boys that they too can grow up to be big and strong, which may not always be the case. +Today there are action figures for girls too. Movie character action figures like Edward Cullen from the movie Twilight are collected by girls. + += = = Ring of Steel (London) = = = +Ring of steel is the name people use for the security cordon around the City of London. Its purpose is to prevent terrorism. It was designed during the IRA 'troubles'. The city of Belfast was the first to get a "ring of steel". +Roads entering the city are narrowed and have small chicanes to force drivers to slow down and be recorded by CCTV cameras. These roads have a concrete median with a sentry box where police can stand guard and monitor traffic. Tucked away out of sight may be police armed with submachine guns. City planners call these precautions 'fortress urbanism'. +Some roads have been closed to traffic entirely. Despite the term 'ring of steel', the roadblocks and chicanes are actually created with concrete blocks, sometimes plastic coated, that are wedged together. +The measures were introduced following a massive IRA bombing campaign in the City in the early 1990s such as the 1992 Baltic Exchange bombing and the 1993 Bishopsgate bombing. At this time the sentry posts were guarded by armed police almost continuously. Initially the ring of steel consisted of plastic cones and on duty policemen which the locals described as the 'ring of plastic'. It showed the public that the City authorities were taking seriously the threats by the IRA. This was replaced by more permanent structures consisting of concrete barriers, checkpoints and thousands of video cameras. After the IRA ceasefire the police guard was reduced. +Following the September 11 attacks, and the increased terrorist threats to the United Kingdom, security has been stepped up again. In December 2003, the Ring of Steel was widened to include more businesses in the city. Police thought a terrorist attack on the city was "inevitable". +Traffic entering London is also monitored and recorded at many places by an automatic number-plate recognition system (ANPR). It is watched all the time by police. The data is stored for five years for analysis and evidence. + += = = 10 Downing Street = = = +10 Downing Street is the address of the London residence and office of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The residence was presented by George II in 1733 to Robert Walpole, the first official Prime Minister of the country. +It is in Downing Street in the City of Westminster. The house is over 300 years old and has about 100 rooms. +The house is close to St James's Park, Buckingham Palace, and the Palace of Westminster (which is the meeting place of both houses of Parliament). + += = = Toll = = = +The word toll has several meanings. + += = = Alfa Romeo 164 = = = +The Alfa Romeo 164 is a car produced by Alfa Romeo. It replaced the Alfa Romeo 90 in 1987 and was sold is the US between the 1991 and 1995 model years with the brand not returning there until the launch of the Giulia for the 2017 model year. It was discontinued in 1997 and replaced by the Alfa Romeo 166 in 1998. + += = = Snog Marry Avoid? = = = +Snog Marry Avoid? is a British reality TV show. The first four series were hosted by Jenny Frost. From the fifth series Ellie Taylor has presented it. Its format is related to the fashion industry. It is shown on BBC Three. It was shown from 2008-2013. It stars POD (The "Personal Overhaul Device") who gives make-unders to people to try to show their natural beauty without makeup or fake tan. + += = = Romy and Michele's High School Reunion = = = +Romy and Michele's High School Reunion is an American comedy movie. It stars Lisa Kudrow, Mira Sorvino, Janeane Garofalo and Camryn Manheim. The movie is about a 10 year high school reunion at which Romy and Michele are planning to impress their former school classmates. The movie was released in April 1997. + += = = Millennium Bridge = = = +The Millennium Bridge, also known as the London Millennium Footbridge, is a footbridge across the River Thames in London. It is a steel suspension bridge which links Bankside with the City. Its position is between Southwark Bridge (downstream) and Blackfriars Railway Bridge (upstream). The bridge opened on 10 June 2000. It is the newest bridge across the Thames. +Londoners nicknamed the bridge the Wobbly Bridge after people on a charity walk felt an uncomfortable swaying motion. The bridge was closed later that day. After two days of limited access the bridge was closed for almost two years. Expensive and complicated changes were made to eliminate the wobble. It was reopened in 2002. +The southern end of the bridge is near Globe Theatre, the Bankside Gallery and Tate Modern, the north end next to the City of London School below St Paul's Cathedral. The bridge is aligned so that a clear view of St Paul's south side can be seen from across the river, framed by the bridge supports. +Design. +In 1996, the Southwark council organized a competition to design the bridge. The winning entry was by Arup, Foster and Partners and Sir Anthony Caro. +The eight suspension cables are tensioned to pull with a force of 2,000 tons against the piers set into each bank. The cables are strong enough to support a working load of up to 5,000 people on the bridge at the same time. +The bridge's closure only three days after opening attracted considerable public criticism. It was seen as another high-profile British millennium project that had suffered an embarrassing setback, similar to how many saw the Millennium Dome. There was some astonishment that engineers had not foreseen the problem, as computer modelling is such a standard technique today. However, modifications to the bridge did eliminate the wobble. The wobble has not reocurred since the bridge reopened in February 2002. +Resonance. +The bridge's movements were caused by a 'positive feedback' phenomenon. The natural sway motion of people walking caused small sideways oscillations in the bridge. In turn, this caused people on the bridge to sway in step, increasing the amplitude of the bridge oscillations and reinforced the effect. +The bridge opened on an exceptionally fine day, and it was included on the route of a major charity walk. On the day of opening the bridge was crossed by 90,000 people, with up to 2,000 on the bridge at any one time. +The lateral vibration problems of the Millennium Bridge are very unusual, but not entirely unique. Other bridges which have seen similar problems are: +After extensive analysis by the engineers, the problem was fixed by fitting 37 dampers (energy dissipating) to control horizontal movement and 52 (inertial) dampers to control vertical movement. This took from May 2001 to January 2002 and cost £5M. After a period of testing, the bridge was successfully re-opened on 22 February 2002. The bridge has not been subject to significant vibration since. In spite of the successful fix of the problem, the affectionate 'wobbly bridge' epithet remains in common usage amongst Londoners. + += = = Where the Truth Lies = = = +Where the Truth Lies is a British-Canadian crime drama movie starring Kevin Bacon and Colin Firth. Also starring are actresses Alison Lohman and Rachel Blanchard. The movie was directed by Atom Egoyan. The movie was originally rated NC-17, though the movie's producers decided to release the movie unrated. The movie was released during 2005. The movie is based on the novel by Rupert Holmes. It is a murder mystery set in the 1957 and 1972. It explores the bad side of fame and fortune. + += = = Rubidium chloride = = = +Rubidium chloride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is RbCl. It is composed of rubidium and chloride ions. It is similar to other alkali metal halides, such as sodium chloride. It is made by reacting rubidium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid. It has several medicinal uses, including fighting cancer and depression, medical research, and medicine. + += = = Warren G = = = +Warren Griffin III (born November 10, 1970 in Long Beach, California) is an American rapper, DJ, and producer. +Warren G has been nominated for two awards including Grammy Award for "Best Rap Performance By A Duo Or Group" for his song "Regulate" with Nate Dogg. He was also nominated for a Grammy Award for "Best Rap Solo Performance" for his song "This D.J." in 1995. + += = = Tomb Raider (video game) = = = +Tomb Raider is a video game made by Core Design and published by Eidos Interactive. It was came out in 1996 for the Sega Saturn, PC, PlayStation. "Tomb Raider" was also released in the US PlayStation Network in 2009, and will be released on the EU PlayStation Network, September 1. "Tomb Raider" is about the adventures of Lara Croft, an English female archaeologist in search of ancient treasures. The game was very popular. + += = = List of Formula One constructors = = = +The following is a list of Formula One constructors. These are constructors which have competed or plan to compete in the FIA World Championship. +Terminology: constructors vs. teams. +In Formula One racing the terms "constructor" and "entrant" do not mean the same thing. A "constructor" builds a car or engine. An "entrant" is the person or corporate entity that enters a race. They register a car and driver with the FIA. They are responsible for making the car ready to race, and keeping the car in good condition during the race weekend. Because of the role and activity of the entrant, the term "team" is often used when talking about an entrant. +Constructors. +Under the FIA rules, "the constructor of an engine or chassis is the person (including any corporate or unincorporated body) which owns the intellectual rights to such engine or chassis." Basically, who ever builds an engine or a chassis in the constructor. The title of Formula One World Champion Constructor is given to the car "make" that scores the most points during the season. The "make" of a car includes both the chassis and engine. +If a car's chassis and engine are made by the same entity, then the constructor is the car make. For example Ferrari makes both the chassis and the engine. So the make is Ferrari. If the chassis and engine are made by different entities, the car's make is both constructor names put together. For example McLaren builds a chassis that uses a Mercedes engine. So the make is McLaren-Mercedes. The name of the chassis constructor is always placed before the engine constructor. +Because both engine and chassis are included in the make name, chassis run with different engines are counted as two separate makes. For example, Lotus-Ford is a make different from Lotus-BRM. Each make would be scored separately. The World Constructors' Championship title is awarded to the constructor of the "chassis" of the make that scores the most points. This list only shows chassis constructors for that reason. For more information on engines, see Formula One engines. +Teams. +Since the early 1980s, the FIA requires that Formula One entrants own the intellectual rights to the chassis that they enter. Basically, that means that teams must build their own chassis. Since this time, the terms "entrant", "constructor", and "team" now mean the same thing. Before this time, constructors were free to sell their chassis to other teams. Brabham and Lotus chassis were used by many other teams during the 1960s and 1970s. Several teams than compeated with the front-runners never built their own chassis. Rob Walker Racing Team was the most successful example. They earned the first victories in Formula One for both Cooper and Lotus. +In those days, the concept of a "works" or "factory" team was the official team of the company producing the cars. Customer teams were entrants that purchased their cars off the shelf. In modern Formula One, the team must build their own car. The term customer only applies to engines now. +There have been some cases since the 1980s where one company built cars for another team. Lola designed and built cars for Larrousse and Scuderia Italia in the late 1980s and early 1990s. +2011 Constructors Statistics. +Key: + Constructor's name changed before the team entered a race. +Former Constructors Statistics. +Key: +Indianapolis 500 only. +Constructors whose only entry in the World Championship was in the Indianapolis 500 from 1950 to 1960. All were American-based. +Privateer teams. +The following teams never built their own chassis. They are not considered "constructors": +Notes. +a. Includes John Surtees' fastest lap in the South African Grand Prix in a non-works McLaren. +b. In 1949 and 1950, AFM participated in the German Formula 2 championship. +c. Constructors' World Championship points not awarded prior to . +d. From to , Alta was also an engine manufacturer for teams HWM, Cooper and Connaught. +e. Arrows was renamed Footwork for to . In they returned to Arrows. +f. In and , ATS was an engine manufacturer for teams Derrington-Francis and Cooper, racing at the 1964 Italian and 1967 British Grands Prix with Mário de Araújo Cabral and Silvio Moser. +g. BAR was formerly Tyrrell; it later became Honda, then Brawn, then Mercedes GP. +h. Benetton was formerly Toleman; it later became Renault F1. +i. From through Benetton F1 Team had a United Kingdom license; from through , an Italian one. +j. Coloni later became Andrea Moda. +k. The nationality of Eagle, Penske, Shadow and Wolf is questioned. +l. Frank Williams Racing Cars includes Politoys (), Iso Marlboro (-) and Wolf-Williams () cars. Prior to 1972 FWRC ran customer chassis. Later became Wolf. Williams Grand Prix Engineering, now WilliamsF1, was a new constructor established by Frank Williams and Patrick Head after Williams left Wolf-Williams. +m. Jaguar was formerly Stewart Grand Prix; it later became Red Bull Racing. +n. Jordan later became Midland F1 Racing, then Spyker, then Force India. +o. Does not include Kurtis' Indianapolis 500 (1950-1960) entries. +p. Leyton House was formerly March Engineering. +q. Ligier later became Prost Grand Prix. +r. Lola includes Larrousse () and Mastercard Lola () entries. +s. March later became Leyton House Racing. In March returned for one final season. +t. Midland was formerly Jordan Grand Prix; it later became Spyker F1, then Force India. +u. Minardi later became Scuderia Toro Rosso. +v. Monteverdi was formerly Onyx Grand Prix. +w. Onyx later became Monteverdi. +x. Osella later became Fondmetal. +y. Prost was formerly Ligier. +z. Sauber later became the BMW works team as BMW Sauber. In they returned to Sauber. +aa. Spyker was formerly Jordan Grand Prix and Midland F1 Racing; it later became Force India. +ab. Stewart later became Jaguar Racing. +ac. Toleman later became Benetton Formula. +ad. Tyrrell later became British American Racing. +ae. Wolf was formerly Frank Williams Racing Cars. +af. In and Scuderia Platé built their own engines for the Maserati-Platé 4CLT. +References. +All statistics and other data drawn from: + += = = Genesis creation narrative = = = +The Genesis creation narrative, found in the first two chapters of the Book of Genesis in the Bible, describes a supernatural beginning of the earth and life, ending with the creation of humans in the image of God. This creation narrative is part of the Bible of Judaism and Christianity. +Chapter 1 tells of God's creation of the world, ending with the consecration of the seventh day as the Sabbath. Man and woman are created to be God's rulers over the new creation. Chapter 2 tells of God's planting a garden in which he places the first man, and from whose rib he creates the first woman. The chapter ends by saying marriage is holy. + += = = Nave = = = +The nave is where the congregation sits in a church. It usually has long benches, called 'pews', or separate chairs. +Naves are found in humble Saxon churches, and in grand Romanesque and Gothic Christian Abbeys, Cathedrals, and Basilicas. +The nave is the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church. 'Nave' (Medieval Latin "navis", "ship") was probably suggested by the shape of its vaulting resembling an upside-down hull (bottom of a ship). + The nave of a church goes from the entry hall to the chancel. It is flanked by aisles separated from the nave by an arcade. If the aisles are high and of a width comparable to the central nave, the structure is sometimes said to have three naves. + += = = Hexham Abbey = = = +Hexham Abbey is an Anglican church in the town of Hexham, Northumberland, dedicated to St Andrew. Since the Dissolution of the monasteries in 1537, the Abbey has been the parish church of Hexham. +The Abbey, which was a cathedral in Saxon times, is part of the Diocese of Newcastle. The diocese is based in Newcastle upon Tyne, and includes the historic county of Northumberland in northeast England. +History. +There has been a church on this site for over 1300 years since Etheldreda, Queen of Northumbria, made a grant of lands c.674. The Benedictine abbey was built almost entirely of stones from nearby Roman ruins. The Saxon crypt still remains; as does a "frith" stool, a 7th/8th century 'cathedra' or throne. +In the year 875 Halfdene the Dane ravaged the whole of Tyneside and Hexham Church was plundered and burnt to the ground. +About 1050 one Eilaf was put in charge of Hexham, although as treasurer of Durham, he probably never came there. Eilaf was instructed to rebuild Hexham Church which then lay in utter ruin. His son Eilaf II completed the work probably building in the Norman style. +In Norman times, the old abbey was replaced by an Augustinian priory. The present church is from that period (c.1170–1250), in the Early English (Gothic) style of architecture. The choir, north and south transepts and the cloisters date from this period. +The east end was rebuilt in 1860, and the rest of the Abbey was largely rebuilt around 1900. This mammoth project involved re-building the nave, whose walls include some of the earlier church. The nave was re-consecrated in 1908. In 1996 an additional chapel was created at the east end of the north choir aisle. Named "St Wilfrid's Chapel", it offers a place for prayer or quiet reflection. + += = = Edward Adelbert Doisy = = = +Edward Adlebert Doisy (November 13, 1892 - October 23, 1986) was an American biochemist. He won the 1943 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, along with Henrik Dam, for the discovery of Vitamin K. + += = = Biochemist = = = +A biochemist is a person who studies biochemistry. This is the study of the chemicals in living things. It can include blood, proteins, and enzymes. +Famous biochemists include: + += = = List of church architecture terms = = = +List of church architecture terms. The terms used in church architecture were developed first for the Gothic architecture cathedrals of the mediaeval era. The terms, with variations, are used for all kinds of Christian churches. + += = = Tomb Raider II = = = +Tomb Raider II is a video game in the "Tomb Raider" series and is the sequel to "Tomb Raider". Made by Core Design and published by Eidos Interactive, the game was released for PlayStation, Windows 95 in November 1997, Macintosh in 1998 and on the PlayStation Network in 2009. + += = = Hydrogen sulfate = = = +Hydrogen sulfate, also known as bisulfate, is an ion. Its chemical formula is HSO4-. It is formed as part of sulfuric acid, H2SO4. +Chemical compounds containing this ion are known as bisulfates or hydrogen sulfates. An example would be sodium bisulfate. Hydrogen sulfates are acidic. They can be used as a weaker form of acid than sulfuric acid. It is a salt of sulfuric acid. In these compounds, sulfuric acid is deprotonated once. In the sulfate ion, it is deprotonated twice. + += = = Sodium bisulfate = = = +Sodium bisulfate, also known as sodium hydrogen sulfate, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is NaHSO4. It is made of sodium and bisulfate ions. It is a white crystalline solid. It is an acid, though not as strong as sulfuric acid. It can be made by reacting smaller amounts of sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid. If too much sodium hydroxide is used, sodium sulfate is made instead. It is also made by reacting sodium chloride and sulfuric acid when heated. This reaction also makes hydrogen chloride. It is used to lower pH (made things more acidic). + += = = Potassium sulfate = = = +Potassium sulfate, also known as arcanite, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is K2SO4. It contains potassium and sulfate ions. +Properties. +It is a white crystalline solid. It dissolves in water easily. It does not dissolve in potassium hydroxide or concentrated ethanol. It can react with additional sulfuric acid to make potassium bisulfate. +Preparation. +It is made by reacting potassium hydroxide and sulfuric acid. It can also be made by reacting potassium chloride with sulfuric acid. It can also be made by reacting sulfur dioxide, oxygen, and potassium chloride with some water. +Uses. +Potassium sulphate is an important salt in everyday life. It is primarily used: +Occurrence. +Arcanite is the mineral form of potassium sulfate. + += = = Oleum = = = +Oleum is a chemical. It does not have a chemical formula because it is a mixture, not a chemical compound. It is made by dissolving sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid. It is part of the contact process used to make sulfuric acid. It is a fuming (releases toxic fumes) liquid. It can be dissolved in some water to produce concentrated sulfuric acid. + += = = Ammonium sulfate = = = +Ammonium sulfate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is (NH4)2SO4. It contains ammonium and sulfate ions. It is slightly acidic because ammonia is a weak base. It is made by reacting ammonia with sulfuric acid. It breaks down when heated. It is used in fertilizers to provide both sulfur and nitrogen to plants. It is banned in some parts of the Middle East because it was being used to make explosives. +The ammoniacal nitrogen of ammonium sulfate does not leach out easily. Ammonium sulfate is an acid forming fertilizer, and hence used in neutral or alkaline soils. It rarely occurs in the ground. + += = = Smokey and the Bandit = = = +Smokey and the Bandit is a 1977 comedy movie produced by Mort Engelberg and directed by Hal Needham. It stars Burt Reynolds, Sally Field, Jackie Gleason, Jerry Reed and Mike Henry. The movie spawned with two sequels, "Smokey and the Bandit II" and "Smokey and the Bandit 3". + += = = Amor Prohibido (song) = = = +"Amor Prohibido"[p] () is a song by American singer Selena. The song was written by Selena, her brother A.B. Quintanilla III, and Pete Astudillo. It became the lead single from the album of the same name (1994). "Amor Prohibido" is about the relationship between a man and a woman. Their love is put to the test. These include problems over money, and their parents not supporting their relationship because they both come from different places. Some music reviewers believe the song is similar to the "Romeo and Juliet" story because of its theme of forbidden love. +"Amor Prohibido" became one of the most successful singles, along with "No Me Queda Más", of 1994 and 1995. It later became one of Selena's signature songs. The song won awards at the Tejano Music Awards and at the Premio Lo Nuestros in 1994 and for the next three years. "Amor Prohibido" reached number one on the U.S. Hot Latin Songs and number five on the Latin Regional Mexican Airplay charts on "Billboard". +The song helped Selena attract larger and younger audiences to her concerts because of its different sounds. Selena chose to explore Latin dance-pop music with the song. She had usually recorded Tejano sounds. Non-Mexicans also started liking Tejano music because of the new sounds in Selena's music. The music video was filmed in Joshua Tree, California. It was released on all the Spanish-language television channels in the United States and Mexico on Valentine's Day. It was later certified gold by AMPROFON, while 500,000 copies were sold in the United States. Several recording artists worldwide, including non-Hispanics, have since made cover versions of "Amor Prohibido". +Background and inspiration. +"Amor Prohibido" was written by Selena's brother, A.B. Quintanilla III. A former Selena y Los Dinos backup singer, Pete Astudillo, also helped. It was recorded at Q-Productions, a small studio label founded by Selena's father, Abraham Quintanilla, Jr. It was mixed by Brian "Red" Moore, a family friend. "Amor Prohibido" was produced and engineered by Jorge Alberto Pino and Argentine composer and arranger Bebu Silvetti. "Amor Prohibido" was prepared by Joe Ojeda, and Chris Pérez, Selena's husband. +The song was written during Selena's "Live! Tour" in 1993. It began when Selena began to hum a melody in the tour bus. Her brother and Astudillo began writing down her melody lines. They wanted to write the entire melody into a song. "Amor Prohibido" was based on Selena's grandparents, Mexican immigrants, who were not allowed to be together. Their parents, Selena's great-grandparents, had forbidden them to love each other. This was because they were different from each other. When interviewed about the song, Selena said "Amor Prohibido" meant a lot to her and her family, and that it is one of her favorite songs. "Amor Prohibido" became the most successful single, along with "No Me Queda Mas", of 1994 and 1995. +The song was officially finished after she had won a Grammy Award for "Best Mexican/American Album" for "Selena Live!" (1993). "Amor Prohibido" had a lot of airplay after it was released as a promotional single on April 13, 1994. It became one of Selena's signature songs, and a fan favorite. +Selena promoted "Amor Prohibido" during her Amor Prohibido Tour. Fans in Denver, Colorado were the first crowd to watch Selena perform "Amor Prohibido" at the start of the tour on January 28, 1994. +Composition. +"Amor Prohibido" is a Spanish-language Tejano pop song mixed with modern Latin pop and South American rhythms. It is set in common time with a moderate beat tempo of 90 beats per minute. +"Amor Prohibido" describes a relationship between a man and a woman. The song's message tells listeners to stick with their partner, no matter what may happen, even if their parents forbid them to love each other. Music critics have compared it to the story of "Romeo and Juliet" because it is also about forbidden love. +Critical reception. +"Amor Prohibido" helped Selena attract bigger crowds to her concerts. Selena also began to attract younger audiences to her music. Selena explored other Latin genres, such as Latin dance-pop with "Amor Prohibido". This new type of sound was given positive feedback by music critics. This helped other non-Mexicans to enjoy Tejano music. The song had South American rhythms and sounds. With this new type of sound, more Hispanics became fans of Selena. Most of Selena's songs were written by her brother Quintanilla III. Quintanilla III wrote most of her songs that broke free from "Tejano" and "Tex-Mex" (Texas-Mexico) music. This led Selena to be named "The Queen of Tejano music", because she was the first and only Tejano artist to ever achieve fame in different styles of music. +Selena was named the "Top Latin Artist of the '90s" and "Best selling Latin artist of the decade" by "Billboard". This was because she had fourteen top-ten singles in the "Hot Latin Songs" chart, including seven number one hits. Music Choice On Demand selected several Selena music videos, including "Amor Prohibido", as a tribute which was watched in over 42 million homes nationwide in 2010. The "Daily Vault" called "Amor Prohibido" a "seamless track", which made them wonder about Selena's father, Quintanilla Jr, and called him an "over-influential" on Selena. "Amor Prohibido" became one of the most successful singles, along with "No Me Queda Más", of 1994 and 1995. +Music video. +The music video was filmed in Joshua Tree, California by Tango Productions. It was directed by Cecilia Miniucchi, who directed most of Selena's music videos. Philip Holahan filmed the video, and Clayton Halsey edited the video after it was filmed. Filming began on February 6, 1994. The music video was released on all major Spanish-language television channels in America on Valentine's Day. +The music video begins with Selena running towards an open door in the desert. This symbolizes a new relationship. She then walks outwards from a wall, which shows videos of a couple who are in love. Selena begins singing the song while walking in the desert, with the wind blowing her hair around. She sings of how much she really wants to hear her boyfriend speak. The video then changes scenes to Selena at the open door dancing and singing along with the song. After Selena spins around once, she is seen looking out from a window, seeing herself and her boyfriend dancing. She tells him that their love should not be about money and that they should not worry about what their parents had told them. More love scenes are shown with Selena and her boyfriend laughing and enjoying each other's company. After telling him that their love should be based on how much they love each other, Selena looks at her reflection in a small puddle. While looking out from the window, Selena tells her boyfriend that she is poor and that her love is all she can give to him. The video ends with Selena and her boyfriend running away from the world and going into a new one together. + += = = Chapter house = = = +A Chapter house or chapterhouse is a special building or room attached to a cathedral or large church. It is where the cathedral chapter meetings are held. Chapter houses were also built in mediaeval monasteries. +Cathedrals. +In a cathedral, the chapter is always chaired by the Dean, whose job it is to run (manage) the cathedral. Members of the chapter will include Canons, who may include top lay officials as well as priests. It is a management group for the cathedral. +The side of the cloister with the chapter house was usually the first to be constructed; it would have been started shortly after the church’s frame was put up. +Monasteries. +When part of a monastery, the chapter house is usually on the eastern wing of the cloister. It is a large space, to hold all the monks of the monastery. It is built in the same style as the churches of that day. In some Romanesque or Gothic monasteries, the entrance to the chapter house is a miniature version of the entrance to a cathedral. +The community of monks would meet in the chapter house with the Abbot to 'hold chapter'. This meant to read aloud from the rule book and Bible, and to discuss matters concerning the monastery and its monks. The meetings generally took place in the morning, after mass; the monks would sit along the length of the walls in strict age-order. At the end of the meeting the monks would publicly confess their sins or denounce others' (anonymously). + += = = Canon (official) = = = +A Canon in a church is an official. They may or may not be a priest. The Chapter of a cathedral is an official group made up of the Dean and Chapter of canons, who meet in a chapterhouse. They run the cathedral, especially the business affairs of the cathedral. They are the body which has legal responsibility for the cathedral, and for electing the (arch)bishop. +Originally, a canon was a cleric who lived in the precinct of the cathedral. The word meant a priest who was under (ruled by) a bishop. +In the Anglican church, some canons are laypersons (not ordained). The title is also given to some senior or retired priests as an honorary title. + += = = Shane Lechler = = = +Edward Shane Lechler (born August 7, 1976 in East Bernard, Texas) is an American football punter for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). Lechler was drafted out of Texas A&M University by the Oakland Raiders with the 142nd pick in the fifth round of the 2000 NFL Draft. + += = = Dean = = = +A dean is the title of a high official in a church or college. +At one time all ancient colleges were entirely run by priests. In England, you could not even be a student unless you were a member of a Church of England congregation. In those days, a Dean was a senior person who looked after the people and finance, and that is usually so today. But now there are two kinds of Dean: + += = = Cover (combat technique) = = = +In combat sports like fencing, boxing, karate, etc., the cover is a defensive movement permitting to protect oneself against strikes by placing a weapon or a body part like the fist, forearm, elbow, arm or shoulder before the aim aimed by this attack. +This form of defence, so-called "passive", is different from the block or parry that are considered "active". The cover has nearly the same meaning as "protection" especially in boxing when a fighter raises his arm in order to protect his face or head against a possible attack. +One puts cover to use: +In boxing and boxe pieds-poings. +The cover in boxing is a form of defence commonly used in the hand-to-hand situations and when the fighter suffers by a large number of strikes. + += = = Manipuri dance = = = +Manipuri dance, originally known as Manipuri Rasa Leela Dance is a classical dance form originated from the Manipuri culture of the Indian state of Manipur. The classical style of the dance is described as being the most graceful of all the Indian classical dances. Rabindranath Tagore used the style for his female characters in his famous dance dramas. +Manipur shares a border with Burma. The people of Manipur are part of the Mongoloid group, with a very rich and artistic culture. +Description. +The "Rasalila" of Manipur is said to be one of the highlights of India culture. It is through the Rasalila that the people of Manipur reach the highest bliss of worship. Following the "Srimadbhagavata", the core text of Chaitanite Vaishnavism, the first "Rasalila Maharas" was composed in 1779. The story as laid down in the Bhagavata was performed in the temple. A "Rasamandali", a circular dance area, was built outside the temple and people sat around it to watch the "Rasalila". This still happens in the Govindaji temple beside the Palace of the Kings. The success of this "Rasalila" made Raja Bhagyachandra (ruler from 1755 to 1789) try composing other Rasalilas such as the "Vasantarasa" and "Kunjarasa". The "Nityaras" and "Divarasa" are later developments of the Rasalila. The performances of the "Maharasa", "Vasantarasa" and "Kunjarasa" are fixed in the year, but "Nityarasa" can be performed at anytime of the year. Later kings continued to develop and compose dances. Raja Gambhir Singh (1781–1833) introduced acting the stories of child Krishna in Goparasa and Udukhalrasa. The time of Raja Chandrakirti (1831–1886) can claim to be the golden age of the evolution of Manipuri dance. +Other dances of Manipur are performed during festivals like "Rathayatra", "Holi", and "Kwakjatra". All these dances are about religious devotion. The songs that are sung with these dances speak of the glory of Radha & Krishna. The main instruments are the Pung and flute. +Technique. +The technique of Manipuri dance is probably the most graceful of all the classical dances of India. The body follows the path of 8 and the feet movements generate light touch on the ground. The face has a subdued expression while the eyes mostly express the "bhaktirasa" or the emotion of devotion. There are two styles of this dance form: the "tandava" and the "lasya". In "tandava", we have the "Cholom tandava" done by men and the Krishna "tandava", which is a counterpart of the "lasya" technique in "Rasalila". The lasya is a very graceful style in Manipur. Rabindranath Tagore used this technique for the female characters in his dance dramas. +The emotional part of this dance form follows the rasa theory as written in the Vaishnava texts. The "pancharasa"- "shanta", "dasya", "sakhya", "vatsalya" and "madhura"- are the main emotions on which the Vaishnavite Manipuri Dance is based. +Manipur stands apart from all the Indian Classical dances for the beautiful costumes of the Rasalila, which is a unique creation of the people of Manipur. Religion and art have merged completely in the making of dance in Manipur. Even today one cannot identify Manipuri dance without the presence of the gods Krishna and Radha. +Development. +Lai Haraoba as a reference. +The oldest form of dance is found in the Lai Haraoba festival. The word "Lai" means God, and the word "Haraoba" means merrymaking. Lai Haraoba means merrymaking of the gods. The festival generally lasts for a month and is held every year in the months of May and June. The Maibi community holds the Lai Haraoba festival. Maibis are female priests, although there a some male priests too. There are specific rituals that the maibis follow during the festival. They dance and worship the forest gods, called the "Umang Lai". There are also household gods, for example the "Sanamahi" or "Panthoibi". All these gods are worshipped in the Lai Haraoba festival. The Maibis dance and show the formation of earth and life. They use 364 hand gestures to show this. During the festival the people of Manipur sing, dance, act, play instruments and play sports. The rituals are pre-determined and all the village people participate. +The instrument used in Lai Haraoba is called the "Pena (musical instrument)". It is a very special instrument of Manipur. It is played by the "Pena Khongba", and the tune is believed to put the Lai to sleep or used to wake him up. Other tunes are also played for the dances. The story of Khuman Khamba and Moirang Thoibi are played here. The other stories have characters such as the Nongpok Ningthou and Panthoibi. These are basically love stories. The characters are often identified with the Hindu Gods Shiva and Parvati. Though mostly based on nature worship, according to the Manipuri scholars, this festival has elements of Tantric Cults. +Martial arts as a reference. +The very popular martial art of Manipur, "Thangpak", is also a part of this festival, with performances of sword and spear play. Many movements of "Thangpak" are also part of the dances of Manipur. For example, the popular "Khujengleibi" movement in dance is found in the sword technique. +Vaishnavism. +In the 18th century, Manipur came under the influence of Chaitanite Vaishnavism which was a branch of Hinduism. Vaishnavism made its entry in Manipur during the reign of King Charairongba. During the rule of Raja Bhagyachandra, Chaitanite Vaishnavism became a permanent part of Manipur's culture. The Raja joined this religion and his subjects followed him. Many parts of daily life changed with Vaishnavism; the rituals of Vaishnavism were followed very closely by the community. The gods of the religion, Krishna and Radha were worshipped and temples were built all over Manipur. The people started worshipping the gods with dance. There were two kinds of dance that developed with the influence of this religion: the "Samkirtana" and the "Rasalila". +Samkirtana. +"Samkirtana" is basically a male dance form in which the performers play instruments, sing and dance. This follows the lines of the Samkirtana as shown by Chaitanya Mahaprabhu in Bengal. In Manipur it has a very rich dance element along with singing and playing instruments. It is an energetic and acrobatic dance. The main instrument is a wooden drum, the "Pung", which looks like the clay "Khol" of Bengal. The sounds naturally vary. The dance with the "Pung", called the "Pung Cholom", is part of the "Samkirtana" in Manipur. The "Cholom" is a male dance form of Manipur. The name probably comes from the word "Chalan", meaning way of movement. There is also the "Kartal Cholom", where the movements are more grand and follow the sound and playing of the big cymbals, the "Kartalas". The singing, called the "ishei", follows the kirtana style of Bengal. Singers use a trembling tone which is typical of the Manipuri style of singing. The talas (rhythm patterns) used have an immense variety. There are 64 different talas for the Pung. These rhythmic patterns are also used in interesting combinations. The costumes are white, but the turbans vary with the instrument players. The "Samkirtana" is performed at all major occasions in the society, such as birth ceremonies, weddings, and funerals. It is even performed before the beginning of the "Rasalila". + += = = Database administrator = = = +A Database Administrator is someone who is a admin or know's about the database. Databases being MySQL, phpMyAdmin and etc. They have the most access if you use a database because well... then are a admin. + += = = Megan Fox = = = +Megan Denise Fox (born May 16, 1986) is an American actress and model. +She was born in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. She moved to St Petersburg, Florida at age 10. +She starred in Transformers. She stars with Dominic Monaghan in the music video for Love the Way You Lie by Eminem and Rihanna. +Fox is openly bisexual. +Since May 2020, he has been in a relationship with rap musician Machine Gun Kelly. On January 12, 2022, Fox announced that the two were engaged. + += = = 2009–10 FC Barcelona season = = = +The 2009–10 season is Futbol Club Barcelona's 116th in the Spanish league. + += = = Trams in Szczecin = = = +Szczecin, Poland had trams invented in 1879 and now the trams are one of the largest tram network in Poland, consisting of 111 km of tram routes, 223 trams, 12 routes, and 95 tram stops . The trams are run on standard gauge track. Currently operated by a company "Tramwaje Szczecińskie". + += = = Swahili = = = +Swahili may mean: + += = = 2010–11 FC Barcelona season = = = +The 2010–11 season was FC Barcelona's 111th season since the club was founded in 1899. Barcelona started the season with a new President, Sandro Rosell. +Many people consider this season to be one of the best in Barcelona's history. + += = = Elimination Chamber (2010) = = = +Elimination Chamber (also known as No Way Out in Germany) was a pro wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), which took place on February 21, 2010 at the Scottrade Center in St. Louis, Missouri. It replaced No Way Out as WWE's February pay-per-view. +The idea of the show was that the two main event matches, one for the World Heavyweight Championship and one for the WWE Championship, would be in an Elimination Chamber. Each match had six wrestler in it: the defending champion and five challengers. Sheamus defended the WWE Championship against Triple H, Ted DiBiase, Randy Orton, John Cena, and Kofi Kingston in the Raw Elimination Chamber. In the SmackDown Elimination Chamber match, The Undertaker defended the World Heavyweight Championship against Chris Jericho, John Morrison, Rey Mysterio, CM Punk and R-Truth. On the undercard, Drew McIntyre defended the WWE Intercontinental Championship against Kane, The Miz defended the WWE United States Championship against Montel Vontavious Porter, and Maryse and Gail Kim wrestled against Team Lay-Cool (Layla and Michelle McCool) in a tag team match. + += = = San José Chinantequilla = = = +San José Chinantequilla is a community in the Mixe region of Oaxaca state, Mexico. Chinantequilla is in the municipality of Totontepec. +The town 463 people living in it and is around 1160 meters above the sea, the town is in what is known as the Mixe area high north, and has an indigenous language is Mixe but also people originally from this community dominated the Castilian. They have now provided the means of communication in this area, which was previously very difficult to reach. +The locals, speak Spanish and the local dialect of the Mixe language. Each dialect of Mixe is different depending on the village in which it is spoken. According to the 2005 census, the town had a population of 463 people. It has recorded very little information about the history of this community, researchers assume that was one of the last towns on reach the Mixe region, so it is considered a village young, economic activities that are practiced in this community include: The production and marketing of coffee, agriculture and trade. Chinantequilla is north of the state of Oaxaca in the Sierra Mixe approximately 85 km from the capital city, the region extends from the mountain, extremely rugged, with elevations reaching 2,500 meters above sea level, are therefore varied climates: cold and humid in the mountain, temperate semi-humid in the part mean and hot and humid in the lower. + += = = Yamatai = = = +The Yamatai was the strongest country in Wa, beginning from the early 2nd century to the end of the 3rd century. Wa is the oldest written name of Japan. +The Wei Zhi Worenshuan is a Chinese text that tells about this country. Yamatai came into being when about 30 smaller parts of Japan of that time united under a queen named Himiko. Yamatai is also famous for trading with Wei, which is a Chinese dynasty. No one knows where the Yamatai can be found. Some archaeologists dispute whether the Yamatai Kingdom was located in northern Kyushu or in the central Kinki region. + += = = Himiko = = = +Himiko (, about 175 – 248 CE) was the queen of Yamataikoku in ancient Japan. Early Japanese histories do not mention Himiko. The earliest written descriptions of her come from China. There has been much debate over her identity and the location of Yamatai since the late Edo period. Himiko reigned as queen during the 3rd century. + += = = Harlequin duck = = = +The harlequin duck ("Histrionicus histrionicus"), also known as the painted duck, totem pole duck, rock duck, glacier duck, mountain duck, white-eyed diver, squeaker and blue streak, is a duck that lives in the sea. The female is plain, but the male has white markings. This is called "disruptive coloration" The male can be difficult to see against surfaces that are not a solid color, like water that ripples. The point is that it disrupts the appearance of body shape, but there are other explanations. In general, bright colours in male birds serve two main functions. One is sexual selection by the females, in which the colours act as evidence of the male's suitability. The other is territory control by the males during the mating season. Only experiments and long observation can decide which factors are in play. + += = = Press-up = = = +A Press-up also called a push-up is an exercise move where a person lifts themself off the ground and back towards it with their arms. Press-ups help the pectoral muscles and triceps. + += = = Peabody Award = = = +The George Foster Peabody Awards (Peabody Awards) are international awards for excellence in radio and television. It is named after philanthropist and banker George Foster Peabody. + += = = Mae Whitman = = = +Mae Margaret Whitman (born June 9, 1988) is an American television, movie and voice actor. +Music. +Whitman has recorded "I Heard The Bells On Christmas Day" and "You Make Christmas Feel So Good" for "School's Out! Christmas". +Whitmans has also sang guest vocals on a number of tracks from indie-punk band Fake Problems newest album "Real Ghosts Caught on Tape". + += = = Team Umizoomi = = = +Team Umizoomi is an American television show for children. The show was broadcast on Nickelodeon in the United States from January 25, 2010 to April 24, 2015. It's about 3 characters: 2 kids: Milli, and Geo, and a robot named Bot. It uses a lot of mathematical ideas, such as counting, sequences, shapes, and patterns too. + += = = 88 Minutes = = = +88 Minutes is a 2007 American crime drama thriller mystery movie. It is set in Seattle and stars Al Pacino. He gets a call on his cell phone by a deep-voiced person telling him he only has 88 minutes to live. Benjamin McKenzie is also in the movie. + += = = Alvarezsaurus = = = +Alvarezsaurus is a small dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina, about 8683 million years ago. It measured about two meters in length and weighed 20 kilograms. +It was named by paleontologist Jose Bonaparte in 1991. It walked on two legs, had a long tail, and its leg structure suggests that it was a fast runner. It may have eaten insects. It was more basal than other, better-known, members of its family, such as "Mononykus" and "Shuvuuia". +In popular culture. +"Alvarezsaurus" was featured in the Discovery Channel television series "Dinosaur Planet". It was shown as a predator of young "Saltasaurus", although these species did not exist at the same time. "Alvarezsaurus" lived about five million years before "Saltasaurus". + += = = Aucasaurus = = = +Aucasaurus was a medium-sized theropod dinosaur from Argentina that lived during the Upper Cretaceous. It was smaller than its relative "Carnotaurus". It had extremely short arms. Its skeleton is the most complete abelisaurid skeleton discovered so far. However, the skull is damaged, causing some paleontologists to speculate that it was involved in a fight shortly before it died. +In popular culture. +This dinosaur was featured in the Discovery Channel series "Dinosaur Planet", where it was depicted as a pack hunter and ate the sauropod "Saltasaurus". In the episode, the head injury discovered in the type specimen was interpreted as being crushed by a stumbling "Saltasaurus". + += = = Conservation biology = = = +Conservation biology is the study of the nature and status of Earth's biodiversity, aimed to protect species, their habitats, and ecosystems from threatening to extinction. It combines subjects ranged from sciences to economics and the practice of natural resource management. The name "conservation biology" was introduced as the title of a meeting held at the University of California in 1978. Both conservation biology and the concept of biodiversity influence conservation policy. + += = = Fandango (wrestler) = = = +Curtis Jonathan Hussey (born July 22, 1983) is an American professional wrestler. He currently wrestles for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), where he performs under the ring name Dirty Dango. He is best known for his time in WWE from 2006 to 2021, where he competed under the ring name Fandango and is a former NXT Tag Team Champion with Tyler Breeze. He was also known by the ring name Johnny Curtis when he competed on the fourth season of "NXT", which he won. He first competed for Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW), where was a two-time Florida Tag Team Champion with Tyler Reks and Derrick Bateman. His entrance music was popular among WWE fans and so it placed on the iTunes charts and generated coverage in mainstream media. + += = = Tornado drill = = = +A tornado drill is something people do to practice what they would do if there were a tornado. It is usually done in a building such as a school or office. It starts with a signal such as an alarm or a spoken message over an intercom. After they hear the signal, people go to a certain part of the building. This is usually a room deep inside the building (probably near the middle), or a hallway with no windows. They then get into a safe position. This might include kneeling on the ground with their hands over their heads. +In some places, schools have to have tornado drills, but usually not as often as fire drills. Tornado drills happen more in places where there are more tornadoes, such as in the Tornado Alley of the Midwestern United States. +Statewide drills. +In the United States, most states in the Midwest and South have a statewide tornado drill in late winter or early spring to get ready for the severe weather season. During these drills, the National Weather Service gives out test tornado warnings, and local Emergency Alert Systems and/or NOAA Weather Radio (normally as a weekly or monthly test) are sounded, along with outdoor warning sirens. Schools and businesses may also have a tornado drill. + += = = Android (robot) = = = +An android is a robot that looks very similar to humans. In TV shows and movies, androids are usually represented by human actors without special effects, while robots are usually shown in clunky suits or in makeup. +In real life, androids do exist — but they are inhuman and tend to look scary, falling into the uncanny valley. + += = = Manuel Lanzini = = = +Manuel Lanzini (born 15 February 1993) is an Argentine football player. He plays for River Plate. +Career statistics. +International. + (Argentina score listed first, score column indicates score after each Lanzini goal) +Honours. +Fluminense +River Plate +West Ham United +Argentina +Individual + += = = ISO 21482 = = = +ISO 21482 is a standard that specifies a warning symbol to warn against the dangers of radiation. The warning is made of the trefoil on the top, which warns against radiations. There are lines towards the bottom. On the bottom left, there is a skull, which warns against poison. On the bottom right, there is a running figure, and an arrow pointing outside the sign. The color red was chosen because children said it expresses danger better than yellow. The Gallup Organization recommended the symbol, after showing it to 1650 people. +The new symbol does not replace the old one, but it amends it. It was designed to show the danger of radiation to people who do not know about radiation, or who do not know the symbol for it. The symbol was developed because of nuclear accidents that happened because people opened containers with radioactive materials, such as the Goiânia accident in 1987, or the Samut Prakan disaster near Bangkok in 2000. The new symbol will not be placed on the containers. Rather, it will directly placed on the substances emitting radiation, of the highest categories, 1 to 3. Containers will continue to bear only the old symbol, as they do not pose a direct risk. This also applies to rooms with radiation sources or x-ray equipment in them. + += = = Banchan = = = +Banchan (also known as panch'an), is a word for small dishes of food. They are served with cooked rice in Korean cuisine. The main dishes that are eaten are "bap" (�, cooked rice), "guk", or "tang" (soup), "gochujang" or "ganjang", "jjigae", and "kimchi". The table setting is called "3 cheop" (��), "5 cheop" (��), "7 cheop" (��), "9 cheop" (��), "12 cheop" (���) "bansang". This depends on the number of "banchan" there is. In Korean royal cuisine, the table setting is "12 cheop". +"Banchan" are put on the middle of the table and usually shared, though "guk" (soup) is not shared. Banchan are served little by little. They are meant to be finished at each meal, and more is added if there is not enough. Often, the more formal the meals are, the more "banchan" there will be. Jeolla province is quite famous for serving many different kinds of "banchan" in a single meal. + += = = Hanja = = = +Hanja is the Korean word for Chinese characters. It is about the Chinese characters that are borrowed from the Chinese language and used in the Korean language with Korean pronunciation. "Hanja-mal" or "hanja-eo" is about words which can be written with hanja. "Hanmun" (��) is about the Chinese Classical writing, but "hanja" can sometimes be used to generally mean "hanmun" too. Hanja was never very changed, so almost all of the Chinese characters in hanja are the same as in traditional Chinese. Only a few hanja characters are unique to Korea. +In the 1440s, however, a Korean hangul alphabet relying on sound was made by a group of students, led by King Sejong the Great. It was not widely used at first. However, by the early 19th and 20th century it was more widely used than "hanja", and it is now the official writing system of Korea. +But until then, everyone mostly read and wrote in "hanja", so most of the older books in Korean literature are written in hanja. Students who learn Korean history learn hanja to read historical papers. Children in South Korea still learn hanja, for many South Korean words still have roots in hanja. In North Korea, however, hanja has been abolished along with many Chinese loanwords, and North Koreans only use hangul to write in Korean. + += = = Jjigae = = = +Jjigae (��) is a Korean food. if you compare jjigae to a Western food, you can think of it as being similar to soup and stew. There are many different kinds of "jjigae". Koreans love and enjoy a food. People usually enjoy eating rice with jjigae. However, it is usually made with meat, seafood or vegetables in a broth flavored with "gochujang", "doenjang", or "ganjang". "Jjigae" can also be well seasoned with red chili pepper and served boiling hot. +A Korean meal almost always includes either a "jjigae" or a "guk" (�, soup). In the Joseon Dynasty "jjigae" was called "jochi". +Guk and Tang have a lot of water and little stuff, so they belong to basic food like rice, but jjigae is mostly treated as a side dish. +Type of jjigae. +Different kinds of "jjigae" are often called according to their main ingredients such as "saengseon jjigae" (����). +Kimchi-jjigae(����) : One of the most representative jjigaes in Korea. It is a spicy jjigae made with Kimchi, meat and tofu.Other types of Kimchi may be added to your taste. +Soybean-jjigae(����) : As a representative jjigae in Korea, it is mentioned with Kimchi-jjigae. It is jjigae made with tofu or mushrooms with soybean paste. Ingredients may change depending on the season. +Gochujang-jjigae(�����) : It is a jjigae made by boiling red pepper paste with water and adding meat, green onions, tofu, etc. This is the most common jjigae in Korea. +Soft tofu-jjigae(�����) : This is a jjigae made by adding seasoning to soft tofu and seasoning it with soy sauce or salt. It is one of the soft and easy-to-digest foods. + += = = The Fame Monster = = = +The Fame Monster is an extra long EP (extended play) recording created by American artist Lady Gaga in 2009. "The Fame Monster" reached the top of the charts in Australia, Germany, Ireland, New Zealand, Poland and the United Kingdom, while reaching the top ten in other major markets. Lady Gaga did a tour called the Monster Ball that lasted from late 2009 until mid-2011. +Gaga has said that the album represents the darker side of fame, and each song shows a certain fear. +Singles. +The singles on "The Fame Monster" are "Bad Romance", "Telephone" (featuring R&B singer Beyoncé), and "Alejandro". The album and "Bad Romance" received three Grammy Awards altogether: Best Pop Vocal Album ("The Fame Monster"), Best Pop Vocal Performance ("Bad Romance"), and Best Short Form Music Video ("Bad Romance"). In the UK, the first two singles topped the chart.The main music genres which make up the album are pop, dance-pop, and electropop. + += = = Traffic Cops = = = +Traffic Cops is a British reality TV show narrated by Jamie Theakston. It is about criminals who are seen breaking the law on the road, often in cars. It has been on TV since 2003 and follows police forces in the UK. It is on BBC1 and old shows are on Blighty and Watch. + += = = Fumigation = = = +Fumigation is the making of toxic fumes. It may be done for several reasons. The most common use is to kill insects that hide in various places in a house or other building. There are a few steps to fumigate. First, the house or room is sealed. Then the fumigant (substance making fumes) is placed in the area. Then the fumigant is left to flow through the area. Finally, the fumigant is released before the people move back in. The gases are very toxic and the person fumigating has to make sure no one goes into the fumigation area or they might get poisoned. + += = = List of oxides = = = +This page is a list of all oxides. Oxides are chemical compounds containing oxygen in an oxidation state of -2. + += = = Exit (system call) = = = +exit in computing means to terminate a task or program. On many computer operating systems, a process is stopped by making a system call, called exit. An exit in a multithreading environment means that a thread of execution has stopped running. The operating system reclaims memory that was used by the process. The process is said to be a "dead process" after it terminates. + += = = Kip Winger = = = +Kip Winger (born Charles Frederick Kip Winger, June 21, 1961, Denver, Colorado) is an American rock musician. He is a member of the band Winger, and a solo artist. + += = = Winger (band) = = = +Winger is an American metal band from in New York City. Winger became popular during the late 1980s and early 1990s from songs like "Seventeen", "Headed for a Heartbreak" and "Miles Away". As the music scene changed in the early to mid-1990s with the popularity of grunge music, the band lost popularity after their third album "Pull". +After the band broke up in 1994, some of the band members began solo careers. The band reunited in 2001 with a new guitarist (John Roth). In 2006, the band's 1993 touring line-up (except for Paul Taylor) re-united to record the band's first studio album in over 13 years, "IV". In 2009 the band released a fifth album, "Karma". + += = = Nadia Petrova = = = +Nadezhda "Nadia" Petrova (); born June 8, 1982 in Moscow, Soviet Union, is a Russian professional tennis player. +She has won 27 WTA Titles, nine in singles and eighteen in doubles. In singles, Petrova has a career high ranking of World No. 3 in May 2006. She has reached the semi-finals of the French Open in 2003 and 2005. In doubles, she won the Sony Ericsson Championships in 2004 with Meghann Shaughnessy. As of 29 August 2011, Petrova was ranked World No. 30 in singles and World No. 9 in doubles. + += = = Ipswich, Queensland = = = +Ipswich () is a large city in Queensland, Australia. It has a population of about 155,000 people. Ipswich is the oldest provincial city in Queensland, and has more than 6000 heritage listed houses, shops, public buildings and historic sites. It is also the site of the Amberley Air Base, the Royal Australian Air Force's largest operating base. + += = = Gypsum = = = +Gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) is a common sulfate mineral made of calcium sulfate. Gypsum has been used as a building material for a long time, possibly since the neolithic. Today, it is used in drywall, and as an ingredient of plaster of Paris. It can also be used as a fertilizer. It is softer than most minerals, with a value of 2 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness. This mineral can be, somewhat, scratched with your fingernail. A fingernail, with a value of 2.5 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness is in fact higher than the mineral shown above. It is an ingredient of Portland cement. Gypsum was used in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia by sculptors. It is also used in making surgical and orthopedic cast molds. + += = = Rick Rude = = = +Richard Erwin Rood (October 8, 1980-April 20, 1999), was an American professional wrestler. He is best known by his ring name "Ravishing" Rick Rude and wrestled for the professional wrestling promotions World Championship Wrestling (WCW), Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) and World Wrestling Federation (WWF) from 1987 to 1998. In his wrestling career he was a one-time WWF Intercontinental Champion and won numerous championships in WCW and ECW. + += = = Scholastic Corporation = = = +Scholastic (or Scholastic Inc.) is a global book publishing company known for making educational items for schools, teachers, and parents, and selling and giving them by mail order and via book clubs and book fairs. It also has the all the publishing rights to the "Harry Potter" book series in the United States. +Criticism. +Scholastic has been criticized for bad marketing to children. A large number of titles have strong media tie-ins and are considered short in literary and artistic merit by some people. Consumer groups have also said that Scholastic is selling too many toys and video games to children. + += = = Johnny Bravo = = = +Johnny Bravo is a Cartoon Network television series that started in the year 1997 and ended the year 2004. Several celebrities (like Adam West and Donny Osmond) guest star. The show is now very popular. It was created by Van Partible. +The series premiered July 14, 1997 and ended officially August 27, 2004. The series is a spin-off of World Premiere Toons, also known as the "What a Cartoon! Show". +Video games. +A video game titled "Johnny Bravo in The Hukka Mega Mighty Ultra Extreme Date-O-Rama!" was released on June 9, 2009 for the Nintendo DS and PlayStation 2. The PlayStation 2 version was released exclusively in Europe and Australia by Blast Entertainment, while the DS version was released in North America by MumboJumbo. +Channel Links. +Characters from "Johnny Bravo" are featured in the Cartoon Network games ', "Cartoon Network Racing", "Cartoon Network Speedway", ', and "". + += = = Randy Couture = = = +Randy Duane Couture (born June 22, 1963 in Everett, Washington) is an American mixed martial artist, Greco-Roman wrestler and actor fighting for the UFC. Couture has won the UFC Heavyweight Championship 3 times, the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship 2 times and is a UFC Hall of Famer. Couture also acted in the movie The Expendables as "Toll Road". + += = = Jason Lee = = = +Jason Michael Lee (born April 25, 1970 in Orange, California) is an American professional Skateboarder turned actor. Growing up in Orange, California, he became a skateboarder at age 13. As a professional skateboarder he traveled worldwide and appeared in several skateboard videos. With a friend he founded the companies Stereo Skateboards and Stereo Sounds Clothing. Deciding to get out of skateboarding before he was too old, he began acting in 1993. His first break as a lead actor came in 1995 and the movie "Mallrats" (alongside Jeremy London). He continued to appear in a number of major Hollywood movies. He is known as an indie darling known for playing quirky characters. In 2005, he gambled on accepting the lead in the "My Name is Earl" television series. The sitcom ran for four years. In 2007, he played Dave Seville in "Alvin and the Chipmunks". He played the role again in the 2009 sequel. +References. +<br> + += = = B.J. Penn = = = +Jay Dee "B.J." Penn (born December 13, 1978 in Hilo, Hawaii) is an American mixed martial artist. He fights for the UFC. Penn is a former one-time UFC Lightweight Champion and one-time UFC Welterweight Champion. Penn was also the coach of the 5th season of The Ultimate Fighter against the other coach, Jens Pulver. Penn is also a former one-time "Rumble on the Rock" Lightweight Champion. + += = = Constitutional economics = = = +Constitutional economics is a program of joint study of economics and constitutionalism. It is often described as "the economic analysis of constitutional law." Constitutional economics tries to explain the selection of constitutional rules "limiting the choices and activities of economic and political agencies." This is different from the approach of traditional economics. Also, constitutional economics studies how well economic decisions of the state agree with the existing constitutional economic rights of its citizens." For example, proper distribution of economic and financial resources of the state is a big question for every nation. Constitutional economics tries bringing together constitutional economic rights of the citizens and economic policy of the state. +Origins. +The term “constitutional economics” was created in 1982 by the U.S. economist Richard McKenzie. Then it was used by another American economist – James M. Buchanan – as a name for a new academic sub-discipline. Buchanan’s work brought him in 1986 the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for his "development of the contractual and constitutional bases for the theory of economic and political decision-making." +Buchanan rejects "any organic conception of the state" as superior in wisdom, to the citizens of this state." This philosophical position forms the basis of constitutional economics. Buchanan believes that every constitution is created for at least several generations of citizens. Therefore, it must be able to balance interests of the state, society, and each individual. +There exists an important opinion that constitutional economics can be regarded as the modern "science of legislation." +The constantly growing public interest in constitutional economics has already brought to life several academic journals, for example, "Constitutional Political Economy" (established in 1990). +Judicial interpretation. +The U.S. judge Richard Posner stresses the important role of state constitution in the economic development. He asserts that "effective protection of basic economic rights promotes economic growth." +The Supreme Court of India used practical interpretation of the Indian Constitution to protect the poorest and most oppressed groups of the population in several cases of public interest litigation. This is an example of real life application of the methodology of constitutional economics. +Importance for transitional and developing countries. +Constitutional economics pays special attention to such topic as proper national wealth distribution. Many countries with changing or developing economic systems still regard their constitutions as abstract legal documents having nothing in common with actual economic policy of the state. Three quarters of all independent states are still living under nearly absolute state control of the national economy. Neither civil society nor individual citizens in these states have any influence on the decisions taken in the process of national wealth distribution. Therefore, constitutional economics is especially important for the countries whose political and economic systems are in transition and where the state rarely respects constitutional economic rights of its citizens. + += = = FIA Super Licence = = = +The FIA Super Licence is a qualification allowing the licence (license) holder to take part in Formula One Grands Prix as a driver. The licence is issued by the FIA upon request. +There are several requirements to qualify for an FIA Super Licence. The driver requesting the licence must already have a Grade A competition licence. They must also meet the requirements of the FIA International Sporting Code, Appendix L. Appendix L lists other racing experience required. One of the following is required: +In rare and special cases, Appendix L allows the FIA to award a Super Licence to a driver who does not meet the normal requirements. A yes vote by all the members is required. The driver must also completed 300 kilometres of testing at racing speeds in a current car. +Nationality of drivers. +The nationality that appears on the racing licence is the same one that appears on the driver's passport. This does not need to be the same as the country issuing the racing licence. A Frenchman living in Germany can race with a German licence, but the nationality displayed would still be French. In order to race as German, the driver would need to have German nationality as well. For drivers with multiple citizenships, the driver chooses which country to drive for. + += = = Kijiji = = = +Kijiji ( ; , Swahili for "village") is a centralized network of online groups of people for writing local online classified advertisements. It is a subsidiary of eBay launched in March 2005. Kijiji is currently available for more than 300 cities in Germany. Further Kijiji countries are France, Italy, Canada, China, India, Taiwan, Belgium, Switzerland, Austria, and Japan. Kijiji was made available to selected cities in the United States on June 29, 2007, under the name of "eBay Classifieds". +Kijiji offers similar services and is seen as a competitor to Craigslist with the biggest exception being that Kijiji has quite an extensive pets section. Kijiji's owner eBay is also a minority shareholder in Craigslist. In April 2008 eBay launched a lawsuit against Craigslist claiming that their executives were attempting to weaken eBay's investment, while in May of the same year, Craigslist filed a countersuit claiming Kijiji had stolen trade secrets and that eBay used misleading tactics to promote the service. +Divisions. +In November 2004, eBay acquired Marktplaats.nl, which offers a similar classifieds service in the Netherlands, holding an 80% market share. +At that time, Marktplaats.nl had set out into Spain, Germany, Turkey and Canada under the name of Intoko. Intoko Spain merged with Loquo, Intoko Germany merged with Kijiji Germany and Intoko Canada merged with Kijiji Canada. Intoko Turkey transferred to the Kijiji platform and is currently operating as "intoko.kijiji.com.tr". +In May 2005, eBay bought Gumtree, which offers a similar service for cities in the UK, Ireland, Poland, Hong Kong, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand, as well as the Spanish company Loquo. One month later, it acquired OpusForum.org, another website offering online classifieds in Germany. In July 2006, Klaus Gapp, the founder of OpusForum, noted that, after its acquisition, it had "merged with its new Kijiji classifieds business in the German speaking markets of Austria, Germany and Switzerland." In August 2008, Kijiji re-branded their India site to Quikr.com. +The Kijiji Germany website has changed its name to eBay Kleinanzeigen. +In March 2010, eBay unveiled a new classifieds site, called eBay Classifieds, to replace its old site, Kijiji, in the United States. + += = = Struggle for existence = = = +The struggle for existence is a natural history [metaphor]. It refers to the competition between living things to survive. This, and the similar phrase "struggle for life", were used over 40 times by Charles Darwin in the "Origin of Species", and the phrase is the title of chapter 3 of the "Origin". +Darwin got the idea from his reading of the 6th edition of Thomas Malthus' "Essay on the principle of population", and Alfred Russel Wallace also used the phrase regularly. +The idea is actually much older, and many natural historians have noted the competition between animals. Generally speaking, they have been interested in the competition between species. Malthus was probably the first to think about the struggle for resources between members of one species – humans. +Darwin first heard about Malthus in letters from his sister Fanny, while he was voyaging on HMS "Beagle". Fanny told him Malthus' ideas were being promoted by Harriet Martineau, an early feminist writer.p153 Later on, back in London, Darwin met Martineau over dinner, and put a lot of thought into the ideas of Malthus. The number of humans could double in 25 years. If they did not, it was because of competition for resources, such as food, or because wars and disease became more common. +Darwin began to realize that every species of living thing has the potential to increase geometrically (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, ...), yet this pattern of population growth does not happen in practice. Darwin explains why organisms do not increase geometrically. His reasons were the competition between animals, the limited amount of food, the climate, and epidemics. All organisms are bound together in the struggle for existence by complex relationships between each other. Also, the struggle for existence is greatest between organisms of the same species. +Later, he combined these ideas with two more. One was the idea that, in the struggle, some would be better suited than others to succeed.p264–268 The other idea was heredity: that the characteristics must be at least partly inherited. This led to his idea of evolution by means of natural selection. Wallace independently came to the same conclusion. +Darwin used the phrase 'struggle for existence' as the title of the third chapter of his "Origin of Species" in 1859. The old idea was now fitted into a complete theory. +Darwin says: "I first thought of selection owing to struggle July 15th 1838". +By the 1850s he had it all worked out in his manuscript "big book" (which was not published until 1975). +While recovering from malaria in the East Indies, Wallace sent an essay to Darwin in 1858. It contained the phrase: "The life of wild animals is a struggle for existence". Wallace had not known much about Darwin's ideas, and reached the idea from exactly the same source: one of the later editions of Malthus' "Essay on population". The arrival of this essay led to the joint publication of the idea of evolution by natural selection in 1958. + += = = Chris Huhne = = = +Christopher Murray-Paul Huhne, commonly known as Chris Huhne (born 2 July 1954) is a British politician. He was born in London and was a member of the Liberal Democrats until 2013. +In the 1980s he tried in vain to become an MP on behalf of the Social Democratic Party. He was the Member of Parliament for Eastleigh from May 2005 until February 2013. He was the United Kingdom's Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change from May 2010 until February 2012. When he was in that job, he decided on the most efficient ways of having electricity and other important resources in Britain. There was an article in the newspaper that said Huhne wanted to have more nuclear power stations. A lot of people think this is wrong. +Huhne was married to Greek economist Vicky Pryce (born 1952) from 1984 until they separated in 2010 and divorced in 2011. Huhne and Pryce had three children together. + += = = Malcolm in the Middle = = = +Malcolm in the Middle is an American sitcom. It was shown on Fox. It ran from January 9, 2000 to May 14, 2006. "Malcolm in the Middle" won 9 Emmy Awards, 1 Peabody Award and 1 Grammy Award. +Production. +Development. +The pilot was initially developed for UPN with Regency Television for the 1998–99 television season but when UPN's enthusiasm for the project waned, Gail Berman managed to rescue the pilot by bringing the project to Fox. The show was then moved to the 1999–2000 cycle where it was picked up by Fox. +Opening title. +The show's opening title features short clips from cult films or television shows, edited together with clips from the pilot and early episodes of the show, set to the song "Boss of Me" by They Might Be Giants. +Filming. +Much of the filming for "Malcolm in the Middle" was done on location in various parts of the thirty-mile zone around Los Angeles. A privately owned home, located at 12334 Cantura Street in Studio City, California, was rented for upwards of $3,000 a day to film as Malcolm's house. Rebuilt in 2011, the property is no longer recognizable due to its modern two-floor design. However, the house directly to the left of it is nearly identical to what it looked like during filming, still making it a frequent stop for fans of the show. School scenes were filmed at Colfax Charter Elementary School, in North Hollywood, and the Lucky Aide was represented by a Drug Emporium at 6020 Lankershim Boulevard in North Hollywood. In "Stock Car Races", when Hal and the boys are entering a race track, the billboard behind the entrance displays the place as Irwindale Speedway, a real race track in Southern California. The last episode in the first season ("Water Park") was filmed at a water park called Wild Rivers (now closed as of 2011) located in Irvine, California. Though palm trees and desert scenery are seen in shots of the local region and town throughout the show, indicating a location in the Western United States, it is never revealed which state the show is set in (except for Francis's whereabouts in early seasons, such as his military school in Alabama and his job in Alaska). +Studio filming for "Malcolm in the Middle" took place on Stage 21 at CBS Studio Center in Studio City. +Hallmarks of the series' filming and structure, many of which heavily influenced later programs, included the following: +During the final two seasons, Christopher Masterson reduced his on-screen time in favor of writing and directing some episodes. +Music. +The show's theme song, "Boss of Me", was written and recorded by the alternative rock group They Might Be Giants. The song won the "Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media" award at the 2002 Grammy Awards. The band also performed nearly all of the incidental music for the show in its first two seasons. +Mood-setting music is sprinkled throughout the series, in lieu of audience laughter, in a way that resembles feature film more than other TV sitcoms. Some examples of this highly varied music include ABBA, Basement Jaxx, Sum 41, Kenny Rogers, Lemon Jelly, Lords of Acid, The Getaway People, En Vogue, Electric Light Orchestra, Fatboy Slim, Phil Collins, Claude Debussy, Tears for Fears, Quiet Riot, Queen, Chaka Khan and Citizen King, whose song "Better Days" is played at the end of both the pilot episode and the series finale. The Southern California pop-punk band Lit have many of their songs featured in several episodes. Lit songs that were never released as singles were also used. +A soundtrack, "Music from Malcolm in the Middle", was released on November 21, 2000. + += = = Shays' Rebellion = = = +Shays' Rebellion was a rebellion in central and western Massachusetts (mainly Springfield) from 1786 to 1787. The rebellion is named after Daniel Shays, a veteran of the American Revolution who led the rebels, also known as "Shaysites" or "Regulators". Most of the rebels were poor farmers angered by their debt and taxes. They could not pay their taxes and were afraid of going to jail or having their homes taken away from them. +They tried to stop the courts from taking property from indebted farmers by forcing the closure of courts in western Massachusetts. The participants in Shays' Rebellion believed they were acting in the spirit of the American Revolution, modeled their tactics after the crowd activities of the 1760s and the 1770s, and used "liberty poles" and "liberty trees" to symbolize their cause. +Shays' Rebellion started on August 29, 1786, and by January 1787, over 1000 rebels had been arrested. A militia, which had been raised as a private army, defeated an attack on the federal Springfield Armory by the main rebel force on February 3, 1787. +Shays' Rebellion produced fears that the American Revolution’s democratic impulse had gotten out of hand. Over time, the farmers grew into armies, controlled by Shays and his men, as they tried to take back their rights. + += = = Burnout Revenge = = = +Burnout Revenge is a car racing game from the "Burnout" series of video games. There is a game in the game called "Takedown" where the player tries to knock as many players into a wall as possible. It was released on September 13, 2005. + += = = Jarvis Green = = = +Jarvis Green (born January 12, 1979) is an American football player. He is a defensive end for the Denver Broncos. He is 6'3 and weighs 285 pounds. He was born in Thibodaux, Louisana. He is 31 years old. He went to Louisana State University. + += = = Cooking Channel = = = +Cooking Channel is an Anerican television channel It replaced Fine Living Network from May 31, 2010. The channel is owned by Scripps Networks Interactive. It is a spinoff of Food Network which is also owned by SNI. The channel focuses more on instructional programs than "reality style" and competitions that Food Network is now geared towards. The original plan was to make the change in the fall of 2010. It was later announced that the switch would be made on May 31, 2010 to happen with Memorial Day in the United States. Cooking Channel launched a high-definition channel on June 30, 2010. The channel has also announced it eventually will offer an on demand version. +Programming. +Many of Food Network's top chefs and celebrities had new programs on the channel starting in the fall of 2010. These included - Emeril Lagasse, Rachael Ray and Bobby Flay. Lagasse's program, "Emeril's Fresh Food Fast", showed viewers how fresh food can be prepared in a short amount of time without the lose of authentic taste. Flay's program, "Bruch @ Bobby's" focused on Weekend bruches/ Ray's program, "Week In a Day" showedviewers how to plan a week's menu by cooking them all in a single day. +The channel also carried the new "post-game" show for "The Next Food Network Star". It also aried replays of programs from cooks in Canada and Great Britain, These include Food Network Canada host David Rocco's "David Rocco's Dolce Vita" and Irish chef Rachel Allen's "". + += = = Social security = = = +Social Security or social welfare is the name given to programs to provide money for people who need it. Social security systems are often linked to health care. +War pensions are the most ancient type of social security. They are mentioned by Plutarch. +Universal benefits are those where everyone who meets the conditions - such as children under a certain age or people who are ill or disabled - are paid. +Contributions. +In many countries social Security provides support only to people who have paid contributions. Most pension systems are for people who have paid contributions. Contributions are regular payments taken from their pay when they are working. They will be recorded by the government. The right to a pension may include dependent members of the family. Pensions may then be paid to widows and orphans. People may also make regular payments into private pensions. +Means test. +Means tested benefits are paid to people who can show that they are poor. There are usually tests both of regular income and of capital. They are usually paid to households. Before government schemes were started in many places charities would help people who were thought to need it. +The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights law make the "right to an adequate standard of living" one of the human rights. +France. +In France from the beginning of the 20th century employers were made to insure their workers against injury, illness, maternity, and death. After 1946 there was more done by the government. Now there are allowances for children - universal after the first child and Family Complement which is means tested. There are extra payments for adopted and disabled children and orphans. There are both contributory and means tested benefits for people over 65. +Unemployment insurance was started in 1958. It is managed by the employers organization and the trade unions. +There is also a means tested benefit called "Revenu de solidarité active" for unemployed and underemployed workers. +Germany. +Otto von Bismarck started social security benefits in 1883. This was part of what was called State Socialism. This was the first country to do so. It included health insurance, accident insurance (workman's compensation), disability insurance and an old-age retirement pension. +Now there is a system of unemployment benefit. People and their employers have to pay when they are working. It lasts for up to 12 months. There is also a welfare system called Hartz IV which is means-tested. This is also for working people on low pay. +There is a state pension. The retirement age will go up to 66 by 2023. It goes by two months each year, until 2031, when the retirement age will be 67. The amount of pension is based on the pay a person had when they were working and the number of years they paid contributions. +United Kingdom. +See : Social security in the United Kingdom +United States. +In the United States, this refers to a program started in the New Deal. The program first gave money only to a few old people, but is now used by millions of people and is one of the largest and most costly programs in the government. The "Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance" program covers 94% of workers. State and local government workers have pension plans at the state or local level. "Retirement Insurance Benefits" are paid to people over the age of 62. The amount is increased if the person delays their claim. +Social Security in the United States is managed by the Social Security Administration, and a person in the program gets a number and has it forever, mainly because of tax reports. +See also: Social Security (United States) + += = = Yorktown, Virginia = = = +Yorktown is a city in Virginia. It is the county seat of York County, though it only has 220 people living there. It is most known for the Battle of Yorktown, between American/French troops under George Washington and Jean Rochambeau, and British troops under Charles Cornwallis. +The British lost the battle, and had to surrender. This led to the British giving up the American colonies. A battle in the American Civil War was also fought there and was won by the Confederates. +Yorktown was named for the city of York in Yorkshire, Northern England. It was founded in 1691. + += = = The Pretty Reckless = = = +The Pretty Reckless is an American rock band from New York City. The band's lead singer is Taylor Momsen, who is also a rhythm guitarist. Mark Damon is the band's bassist, Jamie Perkins is the drummer and Ben Phillips is a guitarist, The band formed (began) in 2008. Their debut single, "Make Me Wanna Die" was release in late May and was #1 on the UK Rock Chart. Their first album "Light Me Up" is set to release on August 31, 2010. The band's influences come from grunge rock such as Nirvana, Soundgarden and Courtney Love who fronted the rock band Hole. Other important influences are Joan Jett and Cherie Currie from The Runaways. +Original Songs by The Pretty Reckless: + += = = Chromium chloride = = = +Chromium chloride may refer to: + += = = Romy Schneider = = = +Romy Schneider (September 23, 1938 - May 29, 1982) was an Austrian actress. She was from Vienna. She had German and French citizenship. She had an international career, but worked mostly in France. +Life and career. +She was born Rosemarie Albach-Retty in Vienna, Austria. Her parents were Wolf Albach-Retty (1906-1967) and Magda Schneider (1909-1996), both famous actors in Austria and Germany. +After her parents divorced in 1945, she was raised by her mother. With her mother's help, and using her mother's family name, she started acting in 1953. She quickly became very popular through Ernst Marischka's trilogy called "Sissi", about the early life of Empress Elisabeth of Austria. +In 1958, she appeared in the movie "Christine", opposite French actor Alain Delon. They became engaged and she moved to France with him. +Schneider worked with directors such as Luchino Visconti in "Boccacio" (1961), Orson Welles in "The Trial" (1962), and Otto Preminger in "The Cardinal" (1963). +After her breakup with Delon in 1964, she went back to Germany. There she married stage director Harry Meyen. They had a son named David (1966-1981). +She acted with Delon again in the movie "La piscine" in 1969. The rest of her career was mostly in France. Notable movies included; "Les choses de la vie" (1970), "Max et les ferrailleurs" (1971), "Le trio infernal" (1974), "Le vieux fusil" (1975), "La banquière" (1980), "La passante du Sans-Souci" (1981). +Her later years were plagued by personal tragedies. She gave birth to a stillborn child in 1976 by her second husband Daniel Biasini. Her first husband Harry Meyen killed himself in 1979. Her son David accidentally died impaled while trying to go over a fence in 1981. That same year she had a kidney operation. +She was found dead in her Paris apartment at the age of 43, probably from a heart attack, although no autopsy was performed. She left a daughter Sarah Biasini (born 1977, by her second husband), who is an actress. + += = = Angri = = = +Angri is a town and "comune" in the province of Salerno, Campania, Italy. It was the hometown of Teresina Raiola, the mother of famous American gangster Al Capone, as well Frank Nitti, another famous gangster. It is also where Alfonso Maria Fusco lived and died. + += = = Palm Island (Miami Beach) = = = +Palm Island is a man-made island in Biscayne Bay in the city of Miami Beach, Florida, United States. Palm Island lies just south of Hibiscus Island. It is a residential area, the site of exclusive neighborhoods and multi-million dollar homes. The island is accessible via the MacArthur Causeway. + += = = The Mystery of Al Capone's Vault = = = +The Mystery of Al Capone's Vault was a one-time live American television special broadcast in April of 1986. It was hosted by Geraldo Rivera. The program was about the opening of a secret vault once owned by Al Capone. The program is best known for the vault being empty except for a few pieces of trash. + += = = Johnny Torrio = = = +John "Papa Johnny" Torrio, also known as "The Fox" (February 1882 – April 16, 1957) was an Italian-American mobster who helped make the criminal empire known as the Chicago Outfit in the 1920s. Torrio would later give the Chicago Outfit to Al Capone. He also thought of the National Crime Syndicate in the 1930s and later became an to the Genovese crime family. +He was shot several times in 1925. He died of a heart attack in Brooklyn in 1957. + += = = John Alcock (bishop) = = = +John Alcock (c. 1430 – 1 October 1500) was an English churchman. +He was born at Beverley in Yorkshire, son of Sir William Alcock, Burgess of Kingston upon Hull and educated at Cambridge. In 1461 he was made dean of Westminster, and his subsequent promotion was rapid in both church and state. In 1461 he was made "Master of the Rolls", and in 1470 was sent as ambassador to the court of Castile. He became Bishop of Rochester on 15 March, Bishop of Worcester on 15 July 1476 and of Ely on 6 October 1486. He was Lord Chancellor, once from June 1475 to September 1475 and then again from October 1485 to March 1487. +Alcock was one of the leading pre-Reformation churchmen; he was a man of deep learning and also a great architect. He founded a charity at Beverley and a grammar school at Kingston upon Hull. He restored many churches and colleges, but his greatest achievement was the building of Jesus College, Cambridge. +Alcock died on 1 October 1500 and lies buried in the Alcock Chantry in Ely Cathedral. + += = = Lord Chancellor = = = +The Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor is a senior and important functionary in the government of the United Kingdom. He is the second highest ranking of the Great Officers of State after the Lord High Steward. The Lord Chancellor is appointed by the Sovereign on the advice of the Prime Minister. Before the Union there were separate Lord Chancellors of England and Scotland. +Until Tony Blair became Prime Minister the Lord Chancellor was required to be a member of the House of Lords,was its presiding officer, and was Britain's highest-ranking judge. Blair tried to abolish the position and wound up removing some of its responsibilities and dividing others, and now the holder is usually in the House of Commons. The Lord Chancellor remains responsible for the Great Seal and for the efficient functioning and independence of the courts. The current Lord Chancellor is Alex Chalk,who replaced Dominic Raab in 2023. +Formerly, there were separate Chancellors of England, Scotland and Ireland. When the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland united to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain under the Acts of Union 1707 the offices of the Chancellor of England and the Lord Chancellor of Scotland were combined to form a single office of Lord Chancellor of Great Britain for the new state. + += = = 2006 Copiapó mining accident = = = +On January 20, 2006, an explosion occurred in the underground copper mine of Carola-Agustina in Copiapó, Chile, shortly after two trucks collided, covering the only escape route for the miners inside the mine. +The explosion caused two deaths, two injured and 70 miners stayed trapped for 7 hours. +Effects. +At the nearby mine, "Punta de Cobre", miners constructed a tunnel to allow evacuations in case of emergencies, after the explosion. + += = = Copiapó = = = +Copiapó is a Chilean town in Region of Atacama. It was founded in December 8, 1744. It is also the capital of Region of Atacama and Province of Copiapó. + += = = Glenn Beck = = = +Glenn Edward Lee Beck (born February 10, 1964) is an American conservative radio and television show host. He was born in Everett, Washington. His television show, "The Glenn Beck Program", has been played on Fox News Channel and on CNN's Headline News. However, in April 2011, the Fox News Channel said it would stop showing Beck's show later that year. The show was cancelled in June 2011 and was replaced by "The Five". He now has an online site called TheBlaze (it was called GBTV) where he does shows that people can pay to see. +Popularity. +Over 9 million people listen to his radio show every day. Usually, between 2 and 3 million people watch his television show every day. He has written nine books. Also, he sometimes tells his audience about books he thinks they should read. Several books that Beck recommended became the most popular book on Amazon.com. +Although Beck's show is very popular, not everybody agrees with his views. He has been criticized for calling Barack Obama a racist and for talking about conspiracy theories. +Personal life. +Beck is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (also known as the Mormon church). +Health. +Beck has been addicted to drugs and alcohol. He has attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. On November 10, 2014, Beck announced on TheBlaze that he had been suffering from a severe neurological disorder for at least the last five years. + += = = Haruki Nakamura = = = +Haruki Robert Nakamura (born April 18, 1986 in Elyria, Ohio) is an Japanese-American former professional football safety. He play for 5 years in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Baltimore Ravens and Carolina Panthers. Nakamura was drafted out of the University of Cincinnati by the Baltimore Ravens with the 206th pick in the sixth round of the 2008 NFL Draft and played with them from 2008 to 2011. His mother Karen was a fourth degree black belt and his father Ryozo was an eighth degree black belt. Nakamura has two brothers named Mako and Yoshi and a sister named Kimi. +On March 16, 2012, Nakamura signed a three-year contract with the Carolina Panthers. In August 2013, Nakamura suffered a concussion during a preseason game and was forced to retire afterwards. He tried to apply for the Player Retirement Plan from the NFL but was denied. Nakamura sued the insurer Lloyd’s of London for damages. + += = = Thomas Robert Malthus = = = +The Rev. Thomas Robert Malthus FRS (13 February 1766 – 23 December 1834), was a British writer on political economy and population. Malthus popularised the economic theory of rent, and was the first to use the phrase "struggle for existence". +Views on population. +Malthus is famous for his theories about population: its increase or decrease in response to various factors. There were six editions of his "An Essay on the Principle of Population", published from 1798 to 1826. He said that sooner or later population gets checked, by famine, disease, and widespread mortality. +He wrote in opposition to many who saw society as improving, and (in principle) as perfectible.viii William Godwin and the Marquis de Condorcet, for example, believed in the possibility of almost limitless improvement of society. So, in a more complex way, did Jean-Jacques Rousseau, whose notions centered on the goodness of man and the liberty of citizens bound only by the social contract. +Malthus thought that the dangers of population growth would prevent endless progress towards a utopian society: +As an Anglican clergyman, Malthus saw this situation as divinely imposed to teach virtuous behaviour.p104–105 Believing that one could not change human nature, Malthus wrote: +Economic views. +Malthus placed the longer-term stability of the economy above short-term expediency. He criticised the Poor Laws,p39-45 and (alone among important contemporary economists) supported the Corn Laws, which introduced a system of taxes on British imports of wheat.pxx He thought these measures would encourage domestic production, and so promote long-term benefits. +Influence. +Malthus became hugely influential, and controversial, in economic, political, social and scientific thought. Many evolutionary biologists read him, especially Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace. For both of them, Malthusianism became a stepping-stone to the idea of natural selection. Malthus is still a writer of great significance and controversy. + += = = Littoral zone = = = +The littoral zone refers to that part of a sea, lake or river which is close to the shore. In coastal environments the littoral zone extends from the high water mark, which is rarely under water, to shoreline areas that are permanently submerged. It always includes this intertidal zone and is often used to mean the same as the intertidal zone. However, the meaning of "littoral zone" can extend well beyond the intertidal zone. +In oceanography and marine biology, the idea of the littoral zone is extended roughly to the edge of the continental shelf. + += = = Collective animal behaviour = = = +Collective animal behaviour describes and analyzes the behaviour of groups of animals. In these groups, the animals are often all of the same species. As an example, a school of fish will be made of mostly the same type of fish and a flock of birds will have the same type of bird. A herd is a large group of hoofed, herbivorous mammals. +Animals tend to behave in such a way because this behaviour offers them a benefit. The group of animals also behaves differently from a single animal. Collective animal behaviour is about finding the rules each animal follows; how it communicates with other members of the group and how a decision to do something is reached in the group. +Scope of the term. +Full-time colonial animals fall into this category in principle, but in practice the species of interest here are those who form temporary groups. Colonial animals have been researched for many years, and are usually based on some kind of family relationship. Temporary collective behavior is a well-known phenomenon, but little researched until now. +Different functions. +Different functions have been proposed, as follows: +1. "Protection from predators". +2. "Better foraging": A school of fish or a group of animals is better at foraging. +3. "Easier movement": Groups of animals moving together (such as fish or birds) save energy. Many of the larger birds fly in flocks. Flying in flocks helps in reducing the energy needed. Many large birds fly in a V-formation, which helps individuals save 12–20 % of the energy they would need to fly alone. Red Knots "Calidris canutus" and Dunlins "Calidris alpina" were found in radar studies to fly 5 km per hour faster in flocks than when they were flying alone. +4. "Social interaction": This can be seen with fish, such as herring. If an animal is separated from the group, it will feel stressed. +5. Special factors come into play with migrating birds, or birds which gather in huge flocks, such as starlings. Bird behavior has a larger component of learning than fish. In addition to factors listed above is the possibility that migrating bird flocks are good at teaching first-year birds how to do the migration successfully. The specific routes may be genetically programmed or learned to varying degrees. The routes taken on forward and return migration are often different. +Swarms. +The usual term for insects which are not always in a fixed colony, but move in large numbers is swarm. There are many good examples: army ants for instance. The best researched is the locust. +Locust swarming. +Locusts are the swarming phase of short-horned grasshoppers of the family Acrididae. These are species that can breed rapidly under suitable conditions. Then they come together in large groups and become migratory. They form bands as nymphs and swarms as adults—both of which can travel great distances, rapidly stripping fields and greatly damaging crops. +There is no taxonomic difference between locust and grasshopper species, and in English the term "locust" is used for grasshopper species that change morphologically and behaviourally on crowding, to form swarms or hopper bands. These changes, or phase polymorphism, were first thought of as separate species. +Research at Oxford University showed that swarming is a response to overcrowding. Increased tactile stimulation of the hind legs causes an increase in levels of serotonin. This causes the locust to change colour, eat much more, and breed much more easily. The transformation of the locust to the swarming variety is induced by several contacts per minute over a four-hour period. It is estimated that the largest swarms have covered hundreds of square miles and consisted of many billions of locusts. Plagues of locusts appear in both the Bible and the Koran, including one of the Biblical Plagues of Egypt, where locusts ate all the crops of Egypt. +Modelling large groups. +Often, animals in a herd are thought to follow simple rules, such as +Recent studies have shown that an animal only picks five to seven other animals, and aligns with them. This seems to be independent of the distance. Another approach is when all animals within a certain distance are noted for alignment. +Small social groups. +Primates are a good example of animals which almost always live in small groups. The groups are based on a family, a group of families, or females 'owned' by a dominant male, together with offspring. + += = = Chromium(II) chloride = = = +Chromium(II) chloride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is CrCl2. It is a white crystalline chemical. It dissolves in water to produce a bright blue solution. It is a strong reducing agent. If the water has a little acid in it, hydrogen is produced. If the water has a little base in it, chromium(II) oxide is produced. The water needs to be very pure. +It is made by reacting chromium(III) chloride and hydrogen at a high temperature. It can also be made by reduction of chromium(III) chloride with zinc. It is used in science research. + += = = Sodium dichromate = = = +Sodium dichromate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Na2Cr2O7. It consists of sodium and dichromate ions. It is an orange crystalline solid. It is an intermediate in making chromium. It is used to make leather. It is also used in making organic chemical compounds. It is a strong oxidizing agent and a toxic carcinogen. + += = = Chrome = = = +Chrome may refer to: + += = = Chrome plating = = = +Chrome plating is the coating of a metal object with a thin layer of chromium metal, also known as chrome. It is normally plated by electrolysis. It can be used to reduce corrosion or for a decorative effect. + += = = Mount Carmel Cemetery (Hillside, Illinois) = = = +Mount Carmel Cemetery is a Roman Catholic cemetery in the Chicago suburb of Hillside, Illinois. The cemetery is near the Eisenhower Expressway (Interstate 290) at Wolf and Roosevelt Roads. It is close to three other cemeteries. They are Queen of Heaven Cemetery, Catholic Cemetery, and Oakridge Glen Oaks Cemetery. +The cemetery is in size. There are over 226,275 people buried at Mount Carmel. +The Bishop's Mausoleum is in Mount Carmel Cemetery. It was designed by William J. Brinkmann. It is the burial place of the Bishops and Archbishops of Chicago. Cardinal Joseph Bernardin was buried there after his 1996 death. Also on the cemetery grounds are the burial places of some organized crime figures. There are over 400 family mausoleums on the cemetery grounds. +People Buried At Mt. Carmel. +Below is a short list of people buried at Mt. Carmel Cemetery. + += = = Mercury(II) chloride = = = +Mercury(II) chloride, also known as mercuric chloride and corrosive sublimate, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is HgCl2. It has mercury and chloride ions in it. The mercury is in its +2 oxidation state. +Properties. +It is a white crystalline solid. It is very toxic. It can be made by reacting chlorine with mercury. It is not ionic, like most metal-nonmetal chemical compounds are. For example, it evaporates easily when heated, while ionic compounds like sodium chloride stay solid. It dissolves in water, but much better in hot water than in cold water. It also dissolves in chloride solutions. It is very corrosive and a strong oxidizing agent. It reacts with bases to make mercury(II) oxide. +Preparation. +It can be made by reacting mercury(I) chloride or mercury metal with chlorine. It can also be made by reacting mercury(I) nitrate with hydrochloric acid or by reacting mercury(II) sulfate with sodium chloride. +Uses. +It is used as a catalyst in making plastics. It is also used to make an amalgam with metals such as aluminum. It was used in the past to preserve various things and as a medicine. It is too toxic to be used as a medicine anymore. It was used in photography. + += = = Mercury(I) chloride = = = +Mercury(I) chloride, also known as calomel and mercurous chloride, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Hg2Cl2. It has mercury and chloride ions in it. The mercury is in its +1 oxidation state. +Properties. +It is a white to pale yellow crystalline solid. It is toxic, but not as toxic as mercury(II) chloride because it does not dissolve in water. It turns back into mercury and mercury(II) chloride when reacted with ammonia or exposed to ultraviolet light. The black color that came from the reaction with ammonia gave its name "calomel" (beautiful black). It is a weak reducing agent. It is the most common mercury(I) compound. +Occurrence. +Calomel is sometimes found as a mineral, but it is quite rare. +Preparation. +It is made by reacting mercury with mercury(II) chloride. It can also be made by reacting mercury(I) nitrate with sources of chloride, such as sodium chloride. +Uses. +It is used in electrochemistry as a reference electrode. Reference electrodes are used to find the electrode potentials (ability to be oxidized and reduced) of other chemical substances. Since it decomposes when light is shined on it, it is used to see how many photons are in a light beam. It was used as medicine in the past, although it was toxic. + += = = Mercury(I) nitrate = = = +Mercury(I) nitrate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Hg2(NO3)2. It has mercury and nitrate ions in it. The mercury is in its +1 oxidation state. +Properties. +It is a white solid. It is a weak reducing agent in air. It oxidizes to mercury(II) oxide and mercury(II) nitrate. It reacts slowly with water when it is dissolved in water. This makes a basic mercury(I) nitrate and some nitric acid. The basic mercury(I) nitrate is yellow. Mercury(I) nitrate can kill you if you eat or inhale it. +Preparation. +It is made by reacting mercury with a dilute solution of nitric acid. A concentrated solution of nitric acid makes mercury(II) nitrate. + += = = Amalgam = = = +An amalgam is a solution of a metal in mercury. It is a type of alloy. Many metals can dissolve in mercury. Amalgams are used in tooth fillings. Platinum and iron cannot form amalgams. Gold can dissolve in mercury, which is used to separate gold from its ore. Aluminum forms an amalgam which can react with water because the thin oxide coating on the aluminum is dissolved. + += = = Mercury(II) nitrate = = = +Mercury(II) nitrate, also known as mercuric nitrate, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Hg(NO3)2. It contains mercury and nitrate ions. The mercury is in its +2 oxidation state. +Properties. +Mercury(II) nitrate is a white crystalline solid. It is a strong oxidizing agent. +Preparation. +It is made by reacting mercury with concentrated nitric acid; dilute nitric acid would make mercury(I) nitrate. +Uses. +It was used to make felt from fur. People would get poisoned when using it to make hats, making the term "mad hatter". + += = = Mercury(II) iodide = = = +Mercury(II) iodide, also known as mercuric iodide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is HgI2. It has mercury and iodide ions in it. The mercury is in its +2 oxidation state. +Properties. +It is a red crystalline compound. It turns yellow when heated and turns red again when it is cooled. It is insoluble in water. It is highly toxic like all mercury compounds. +Preparation. +Mercury(II) iodide is made by reacting a mercury(II) salt such as mercury(II) chloride with a source of iodide ions. This makes a bright red precipitate. +Occurrence. +It is found as the very rare mineral coccinite. +Uses. +It was used as a medicine, but it poisoned people who took the medicine. It is also used to demonstrate how some things change color when heated and change back when cooled. It can be used to test for ammonia and as a semiconductor. + += = = Mercury chloride = = = +Mercury chloride can refer to either of the following chemical compounds: + += = = Mercury nitrate = = = +Mercury nitrate can refer to either of the following chemical compounds: + += = = Mercury iodide = = = +Mercury iodide can mean either of the following chemical compounds: + += = = Mercury(I) iodide = = = +Mercury(I) iodide, also known as mercurous iodide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Hg2I2. It has mercury and iodide ions in it. The mercury is in its +1 oxidation state. +Properties. +It is a yellow solid. When light is shined on it, it breaks down (by disproportionation) to mercury(II) iodide and iodine. It is toxic, as are all mercury compounds. +Preparation and use. +It is made by reacting mercury and iodine. It was once used as a medicine. + += = = Stroopwafel = = = +A stroopwafel () (English translation: syrup waffle or treacle waffle) is a waffle made from two thin, round layers of baked batter with a sweet caramel-like syrup filling in between. They're often eaten with coffee or tea and can be warmed up on top of a hot drink. Stroopwafels are often found freshly made and served at markets and by street vendors in the Netherlands, or packaged in supermarkets in over 70 countries across the world. +History. +Stroopwafels were first made in the city of Gouda in the late 18th or early 19th century. Bakers used leftover bread and dough to make them. They sweetened these leftovers with syrup to create a tasty treat. The first known written recipe for stroopwafels dates back to 1840. However, some stories say that a baker named Gerard Kamphuisen may have created them around 1810. +Variations. +Stroopwafels come in different sizes, from small (5 cm) to large (25 cm). Occasionally, they have honey or chocolate inside. There are also types made for people with special diets, like a gluten-free diet or a vegan one. +In some places, like Northern France, cookies that are similar to stroopwafels can be found. Other sweets like ice cream and cakes sometimes use stroopwafel flavors too. +Making Stroopwafels. +Bakers make a thick dough with flour, butter, sugar, yeast, milk, and eggs. They cook this dough in a waffle iron until it is crispy. When the waffle is still warm, they cut it into a round shape and then slice it horizontally into two thin layers. They then spread a mix of syrup, brown sugar, butter, and cinnamon between these layers. As this mix cools, it turns into caramel and sticks the layers together. +Cultural Impact. +Stroopwafels are enjoyed all over the world. In many places, they are known as "coffee toppers" because people like to warm them on their hot drinks. These treats have appeared on cooking shows all over the world and are even served as snacks on some airlines. + += = = Inline-four engine = = = +The Inline-four engine or Straight-four is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders. All four cylinders are mounted in a straight line along one crankshaft. It can be powered by different types of fuels, including gasoline, diesel and natural gas. +The single bank of cylinders may be in a vertical direction (straight up), or at an angle. When the cylinders are mounted at an angle, it is sometimes called a slant-four. When listed as an abbreviation, an inline-four engine is listed either as I4 or L4 (for "longitudinal"). L4 is often used to avoid confusion between the digit 1 and the letter I. +The inline-four layout is a mechanically simple engine. It has a natural basic engine balance. It is smoother than one, two, and three cylinder engines. This makes it popular for economy cars. It does have a problem with secondary engine balance. This causes minor vibrations in smaller engines. These vibrations become worse as engine size and power increase. The more powerful engines used in larger cars use different an engine layout to avoid this problem. +Displacement. +This inline-four gasoline configuration is the most common in cars with a displacement (engine size) up to 2.4 L. Porsche used a 3.0 L four in its 944 S2 and 968 sports cars. Antique vehicles tended to have larger displacements to develop horsepower and torque. The Model A Ford was built with a 3.3 L inline-four engine. +Four-cylinder diesel engines are lower revving than gasoline engines. They often exceed 3.0 L. Toyota made a 4.1 L diesel engine that was used in the Toyota Mega Cruiser. Larger four-cylinder engines are used in industrial applications, are often made with displacements up to about 4.6 L. +Displacement can also be very small. Some cars sold in Japan have engines that are only 660 cc. +Racing use. +The 1913 Indianapolis 500 was won by Jules Goux driving a Peugeot. This car was powered by an inline-four engine designed by Ernest Henry. This design was big influence for racing engines. It was the first to use dual overhead camshafts (DOHC) and four valves per cylinder. This became the standard design for racing inline-four engines. +This Peugeot was sold to the American driver "Wild Bob" Burman. Burman broke the engine in 1915. Because of World War I, Peugeot could not deliver a new engine. Burman asked Harry Arminius Miller to build a new engine. With John Edward and Fred Offenhauser, Miller created a new engine. Its design was based on the Peugeot inline-four engine. This was the first version of the engine that would dominate the Indianapolis 500 until 1976. At first, the engine was named Miller. Later it became known as Offenhauser. The Offenhauser engines won five straight races at Indianapolis from 1971 to 1976. It was not until 1981 that engines such as the Cosworth V8 engine eliminated them. +Many cars produced for the pre-WWII voiturette Grand Prix motor racing used inline-four engine designs. These cars were rebuilt and reused after the war. They formed the beginnings of what is now Formula One. +Motorcycle use. +Modern inline-four motorcycle engines first gained their popularity with Honda's single overhead camshaft CB750 in the 1970s. The inline-four has become one of the most common engine configurations in street bikes The inline-four is common because of its relatively high performance-to-cost ratio. All of the Japanese motorcycle manufacturers offer motorcycles with inline-four engines. + += = = Anthony Rolfe Johnson = = = +Anthony Rolfe Johnson, CBE (born 5 November 1940; died 21 July 2010) was an English operatic tenor. He was especially famous for singing the music of Monteverdi, Mozart and Benjamin Britten. He sang many of the operatic roles which Britten had written for Peter Pears to sing. +Life. +Anthony Rolfe Johnson was born in Tackley in Oxfordshire. When he was a child he enjoyed singing, but did not think of taking it up as a career. He started to work in farm management. Then, in his late twenties, he decided to study singing at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama. He started his singing career by singing in operas in the chorus and in small roles at the Glyndebourne Festival between 1972 and 1976. His first big operatic part was Vaudémont in Tchaikovsky’s "Iolanthe" in 1973 with the English Opera Group. Then he sang the part of Albert Herring in Britten’s opera. +In 1978, he joined English National Opera. He sang several roles in Mozart and Monteverdi operas, then he sang the Male Chorus (a solo part) in Britten’s "The Rape of Lucretia" and Aschenbach in "Death in Venice". Later he sang the title role in "Peter Grimes". He sang in opera houses all over the world, including including the English National Opera, Royal Opera House, La Monnaie in Brussels, La Scala, Milan, the Metropolitan Opera in New York City, the Vienna State Opera, and the Paris Opera. +Rolfe Johnson sang other music besides operas. He sang in several oratorios, and he sang the role of Evangelist in J. S. Bach's "St John Passion" and "St Matthew Passion", as well as in Britten’s "War Requiem". He also sang on the concert platform, and he gave recitals of Lieder. He helped find a group called “The Songmakers’ Almanac” who sang classical songs. . +He was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1992. +He died of Alzheimer's disease on 21 July 2010. + += = = Guildhall School of Music and Drama = = = +Guildhall School of Music and Drama is a school for music and drama in London, England. It was founded in 1880. Students can study Music, Opera, Drama, Stage Management and Technical Theatre. +History. +The first Guildhall School was in an old warehouse, but it was soon too small. A new building was especially built and opened in 1886. Before 1935 it was known as the Guildhall School of Music. Since 1977 it has been next to the Barbican Arts Centre in the Barbican Complex. +The Guildhall School does not just teach students at the school. They also organize music examinations in the whole of Britain for anyone learning musical instruments. In 2004 these examinations joined with those of Trinity College London to form Trinity Guildhall Examinations. Today, Trinity Guildhall offers qualifications in performing and teaching in music, speech and drama, and dance to external students (students who are not studying at the school). +Today the school has a 308-seat drama and opera theatre, concert hall, lecture / recital hall and a small studio theatre. The students of the school regularly perform all over London. In 2008 work began on a large extension to the School. It will cost about £90 million. +Famous musicians who studied there include the trumpeter Alison Balsom, the composer Thomas Adès, the flautist Sir James Galway, the pianist Paul Lewis, the violinist Tasmin Little and the singers Kate Royal and Bryn Terfel. + += = = Mercury-vapor lamp = = = +A mercury-vapor lamp is a kind of gas discharge lamp. It makes light from mercury. The mercury atoms release ultraviolet and visible light. In some bulbs, the ultraviolet light shines on phosphors which make white light from it, although not all mercury-vapor lamps use phosphors. The EU wants to ban them because they contain large amounts of mercury and are not efficient like fluorescent bulbs. They last much longer though. +They are the bluish streetlights. Depending on the quality of the bulb, age of the bulb, phosphor used, and other chemicals added to the mercury, the color of the light can vary from blue-white to green-white, to almost pure white. A green tint usually indicates an older bulb, although it doesn't necessarily mean that the bulb is about to burn out. The metal halide lamp is an improved version of the mercury vapor lamp that contains a metal halide (usually sodium iodide) in addition to the mercury. The metal halide produces orange light, which combines with the blue-white light from the mercury to produce a very pure white light. + += = = Sodium vapor lamp = = = +A sodium vapor lamp is a kind of gas discharge lamp. Streetlights are a major use. There are two types; the high pressure lamp and the low pressure lamp. The older low pressure one gives yellow light. It is still used where the ability to show different colors is not very important. The newer high pressure sodium vapor light emits a broader spectrum, often appearing orange but letting people see different colors. +These lights contain sodium metal in them. They operate by a spark through a tube that contains the sodium. The sodium emits a yellow color, which produces the light. Because the lamp contains highly flammable sodium as well as toxic mercury, it should not be placed in the trash and must be disposed of properly at the end of its life. + += = = Streetlight = = = +A streetlight is a light bulb on a pole used for lighting streets. Streets can be lit for safety or visibility reasons, so people can see where they are walking at night. Streetlights are normally either orange or blue. The blue ones are mercury-vapor lamps. They are older and last longer. The orange ones are sodium vapor lamps. They are newer and more efficient. + += = = Aluminium oxide = = = +Aluminium oxide, also known as aluminum oxide, is a chemical compound made from aluminium and oxygen. Its chemical formula is Al2O3. It is a normally white, powdery solid. It does not exist in a particular form. It can dissolve in acids and bases. It is used as an abrasive (sandpaper is an abrasive). It comes in bauxite and corundum. It does not melt easily. It is dissolved in a cryolite melt and electrolyzed to make aluminium. +Natural occurrence. +Corundum is the most common naturally occurring crystalline form of aluminium oxide. Rubies and sapphires are types of corundum. The reason why they have different colors is because there are other elements in it. +Properties. +Al2O3 is an electrical insulator but it has a high thermal conductivity (). Aluminium oxide is insoluble in water. Its most common occurring crystalline form, called corundum or �-aluminium oxide. +Aluminium oxide is the reason why aluminium cannot corrode. When aluminium reacts with atmospheric oxygen, a thin layer of aluminium oxide (4 nm thickness) forms on any exposed aluminium surface. This layer protects the metal from more oxidation. +Aluminium oxide is an amphoteric substance, meaning it can react with both acids and bases, such as hydrofluoric acid and sodium hydroxide. + += = = Abrasive = = = +An abrasive is something that is very hard. It is also rough. It is used to rub things so they get smooth. When abrasives are glued to paper, it makes sandpaper. Aluminium oxide is a common abrasive. Abrasives are used to make the ends of wood pieces smooth and to smooth the cut ends of metal. The hardest natural abrasive is diamond. Diamond is commonly used in saw blades designed to cut tile or stone. + += = = Sandpaper = = = +Sandpaper is a piece of paper with an abrasive glued to it. Sandpapers come in various types. Some are very rough, while others are very smooth. They are used to clean wood and metal and make them smooth. Some sandpaper is made to go on a machine that rubs very fast, while other sandpaper is used by hand. + += = = Corundum = = = +Corundum is a mineral. It is very hard, with a Mohs hardness of 9 (diamond is 10). It is usually clear. Its chemical formula is aluminium oxide, Al2O3. Sometimes some of the aluminium atoms get replaced with chromium atoms. It then becomes a ruby. Other impurities can make a sapphire. + += = = Aluminium chloride = = = +Aluminium chloride (AlCl3), is a chemical compound. It is a white or yellow crystalline solid. It melts at a low temperature. It is made by reacting aluminium oxide with hydrochloric acid. The anhydrous (without water) form may be made by reacting aluminium and chlorine. It is used in the making of chemicals. It is also used in deodorants. It can cause slight irritation. + += = = The Salt Lake Tribune = = = +The Salt Lake Tribune is a newspaper based in Salt Lake City, Utah. It was founded in 1871 and was known as "Mormon Tribune" by some former LDS Church members William Godbe, Elias L.T. Harrison and John Tullidge. + += = = Joey Ramone = = = +Joey Ramone (born Jeffery Hyman, May 19, 1951 – April 15, 2001) was an American punk musician and founder member of the Ramones, in which he was lead singer, along with Dee Dee Ramone, Tommy Ramone, and Johnny Ramone. +Early life. +Joey Ramone's mother encouraged both his and his brothers' interests in music. He was a fan of The Beatles, The Who, Iggy and The Stooges and David Bowie, among other bands. He was a fan of Phil Spector. He started playing the drums at 13 and played throughout his teen years. He idolized Pete Townshend of the Who. +Death. +Joey Ramone died at the age of 49 on April 15, 2001 of lymphoma. + += = = Rashad Evans = = = +Rashad Anton Evans (born September 25, 1979 in Niagara Falls, New York) is an American mixed martial artist. He currently fights for the UFC and fights out of Albuquerque, New Mexico. Evans is a former UFC Light Heavyweight Championship and was the winner of The Ultimate Fight season 2 in the heavyweight division. Evans holds a black belt in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and Gaidojutsu + += = = Georges St-Pierre = = = +Georges St-Pierre (born May 19, 1981 in Saint-Isidore, Quebec) (often called GSP for short) is a semi-retired Canadian mixed martial artist that fights for the UFC and fights out of Montreal, Quebec. St-Pierre has won the UFC Welterweight Championship 3 times. St-Pierre is a 3rd degree black belt in Kyokushin, a black belt in Gaidojutsu and a black belt in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. On December 13, 2013, he announced that he was vacating the championship and was taking time off from MMA. + += = = Trish Stratus = = = +Patricia Anne Stratigias (born December 18, 1975) is a Canadian retired professional wrestler, fitness model, and fitness guru, actress and television personality. She is best known for her time with the World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment (WWF/E) where she wrestled under the ring name, Trish Stratus. Stratus is a former one-time WWE Hardcore Champion, seven-time WWF/E Women's Champion and was named Babe of the Year from 2001 to 2004 and was also named Diva of the Decade. She returned to the WWE on February 20, 2011 after she made a surpise appearance at the 2011 Elimination Chamber pay-per-view. She will also be a trainer on the 2011 revival of Tough Enough. +She was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame by Stephanie McMahon in 2013. The next year, Stratus inducted Lita in the Hall of Fame. + += = = Alberto Del Rio = = = +José Alberto Rodríguez (born May 25, 1977) is a Mexican professional wrestler, former mixed martial artist and luchador enmascarado. He has wrestled in the WWE under the ring name Alberto Del Rio. He has also wrestled for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA), Ring of Honor (ROH) and Lucha Underground (LU). He competeed in AAA under the ring name El Patrón Alberto ("The Boss Alberto") and in ROH and LU under the name Alberto el Patrón. +In 2006 Pro Wrestling Illustrated ranked Alberto Del Rio #45 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the PWI 500. On January 30, 2011, Del Rio won the 2010 Royal Rumble by last eliminating Santino Marella. +On August 7, 2014, it was announced that Del Rio had been fired from the WWE after he slapped an employee who allegedly made a racist joke. +On August 17 at Triplemanía XXII, El Patrón and his father Dos Caras returned to AAA. He spoke about returning to AAA and he addressed the WWE, claiming that they were racist. They were interrupted by the Los Perros del Mal stable. +On December 11, 2014, Ring of Honor (ROH) announced that they had signed Rodríguez and that he would make his debut for them on January 3, 2015. In his debut match, he defeated Christopher Daniels. +On January 17, 2015, Lucha Underground announced that they had signed Rodríguez. He debuted for them at their television tapings in Los Angeles, California later that same day. +On October 25, 2015, Del Rio made a surprise return to the WWE at Hell in a Cell with Zeb Colter as his manager. At Hell in a Cell, Del Rio answered John Cena's United States Open Challenge. He defeated Cena to win the United States Championship. + += = = Chris Masters = = = +Christopher Todd Mordetzky (born January 8, 1983) is an American professional wrestler. As of 2023, he was signed to National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) under the ring name Chris Adonis. He is a former two-time National Champion in NWA. He is best known for his time in World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), under the ring name Chris Masters. He is also known for his time in Impact Wrestling, under the ring name Chris Adonis. For Qatar Pro Wrestling, he is a former QPW Tag Team Champion with Carlito. +After being trained in Ultimate Pro Wrestling, Mordetzky signed with WWE. He was sent to Ohio Valley Wrestling for training. In 2005, he wrestled for the first time as "The Masterpiece" Chris Masters. He was a wrestler in a great body shape. Massters used "The Masterlock" as finishing move. It was a full nelson hold. During his career in WWE, the Masterlock was a submission no one could break. The Masterlock Challenge storyline ended after Bobby Lashley broke the hold on March 20, 2007. Masters was released in 2007. He worked on the independent circuit for two years before returning to WWE in 2009. Masters was released again in 2011. Since then, he has worked on the independent circuit. He has had notable stints in Global Force Wrestling (GFW) and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). + += = = Starling = = = +The starlings are a family of small to medium-sized birds, the Sturnidae. This family are passerine songbirds, whose best-known species is "Sternus", the common starling. +Starlings occur naturally in the Old World, from Europe, Asia and Africa. Species (usually the common starling) have been introduced to North America, Hawaii and New Zealand. In these new areas they compete for habitat with native birds, and are considered as invasive species. +Starlings have strong feet, their flight is strong and direct, and they are very gregarious (social). Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They are omnivores. They eat insects and fruit. Several species live around humans. Many species search for food by opening the bill after probing it into dense vegetation; this behavior is called 'open-bill probing'. Plumage is usually dark with a metallic sheen and white flecks (spots). Most species nest in holes, laying blue or white eggs. +Many Asian species, particularly the larger ones, are called mynas, and many African species are known as glossy starlings because of their iridescent plumage. +Starlings have varied and complex songs, and may copy sounds from their surroundings, including car alarms, and human speech. The birds can recognize particular individuals by their calls. +Flocks. +North-East European starlings migrate, but in southern and western Europe the birds are resident. Starlings are generally a highly social family. Most species associate in flocks of varying sizes throughout the year. These flocks may include other species of starlings and sometimes species from other families. This social activity is obvious in their roosting behaviour. In the non-breeding season some roosts can number thousands of birds. Flocks in Britain used to number millions of birds, though numbers are now fewer than they used to be. +"Sternus vulgaris" is a highly gregarious species in autumn and winter. Flock size is variable: huge flocks are a spectacular sight and sound. These flocks often attract birds of prey such as sparrowhawks. Flocks form a tight sphere-like formation in flight, frequently expanding and contracting and changing shape, seemingly without any leader. +Very large roosts, sometimes up to 1.5 million birds, can form in city centers, woodlands, or reedbeds, causing problems with their droppings. +Huge flocks of more than a million starlings are observed just before sunset in spring in southwestern Jutland, Denmark. There they gather in March until they leave for their breeding ranges by mid-April. Their flocking creates complex shapes against the sky, a phenomenon known locally as "Black Sun". To witness this spectacle, the best place are the seaward marshlands of Tønder and Esbjerg . +Flocks of anything from five to fifty thousand starlings form in areas of the UK just before sundown during mid winter. These flocks are commonly called a murmeration, sometimes a Starling "Moot".(meaning "meeting" or "council") +North America. +Although there are approximately 200 million starlings in North America, they are all descendants of 60 birds released in 1890 (and 40 more in 1891) in Central Park, New York, by Eugene Schieffelin. He was a member of the Acclimation Society of North America, which tried to introduce to North America every bird species mentioned in the works of William Shakespeare. +As an introduced species, European starlings are not protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. Starlings are considered a nuisance species in North America. The birds, which travel in enormous flocks, often pose dangers to air travel, disrupt cattle operations, chase off native birds, and roost on city blocks. They leave behind corrosive droppings and hundreds of millions of dollars of damage every year. In 2008, U.S. government agents poisoned, shot and trapped 1.7 million starlings, more than any other nuisance species. +The starling family includes a lot of birds which look different to the common starling. One large group is called the mynas, which genetic analysis shows is not a natural group. + += = = Mirko Filipović = = = +Mirko Filipović (born 10 September 1974 in Zagreb, Croatia) is a Croatian mixed martial artist who currently fights for the UFC. He is known by his nickname Mirko Cro Cop, which he gained when he was in the Lučko Anti-Terrorist Unit. Filipović also fought for the Pride Fighting Championships where he won a PrideFC 2006 Openweight Grand Prix Tournament. + += = = Giancarlo Volpe = = = +Giancarlo Volpe (born 31 July 1974 in Tacoma, Washington) is an Italian American animator and director. He graduated from the School of Visual Arts in 1997. He started his career at Humongous Entertainment. + += = = Paramount Parks = = = +Paramount Parks was an operator of theme parks and attractions. In 1994, the Paramount Parks became a part of Paramount Pictures. + += = = Burbank, California = = = +Burbank is a city in the southeastern end of the San Fernando Valley in Los Angeles County, California. Located just 12 miles (19 km) northwest of Downtown Los Angeles, Burbank is well known for being home to Walt Disney Studios and Warner Bros Studios, as well as having the largest IKEA in the United States. The population at the 2020 census was 107,337. +Media. +ABC Family +Disney Channel + += = = NHS Alliance = = = +The NHS Alliance was a National Health Service group, which is made up of doctors, hospital managers and others working in health care in England, Scotland and Wales in the United Kingdom. It is not a part of the government or a political party. It held an annual conference. Dr Michael Dixon was Chairman of NHS Alliance since 1998, with Michael Sobanja as its Chief Executive. + += = = Cryolite = = = +Cryolite is a rare mineral that consists of sodium fluoride and aluminium fluoride bonded. It is used in the production of aluminium. It is first melted and then aluminium oxide is dissolved in it. Then the solution is electrolyzed. If it is immersed in water, it becomes invisible although it does not dissolve. It used to be found in large quantities in Greenland, but it has been all used up. Now it is made from fluorite artificially. + += = = Aluminium fluoride = = = +Aluminium fluoride, also known as aluminum fluoride, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is AlF3. It is used to process aluminium. It can be made by reacting aluminium with hydrofluoric acid. It is also made by reacting hexafluorosilicic acid with aluminium oxide. + += = = Hydrofluoric acid = = = +Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is a solution of hydrogen fluoride in water. Its chemical formula is HF. It is a very dangerous acid, being very corrosive and extremely toxic. It can dissolve glass to make hexafluorosilicic acid. If it gets on the skin, it can kill you. It is made by reacting fluorite with sulfuric acid. It is used in the processing of petroleum. It is also used to make various other chemicals containing fluorine, such as teflon (the coating in a frying pan), freon (the cooling agent in an air conditioner), and fluorocarbons (used as propellants in aerosol cans). It is used to clean metals. It is very toxic because it bonds with calcium ions in the body and makes them so they cannot be used. As an acid, it can be deprotonated to produce fluorides, which are also the salts of hydrofluoric acid. +If someone gets hydrofluoric acid on them, medical attention is needed, as just small amounts are very toxic. + += = = DR Movie = = = +DR Movie is a Korean animation studio. It was organised in Seoul in 1990. It often works with Japanese companies on anime titles. + += = = New York Comic Con = = = +The New York Comic Con is a festival that takes place in New York City for fans of comics, graphic novels, anime, manga, video games, toys, movies, and television. + += = = Hexafluorosilicic acid = = = +Hexafluorosilicic acid is a chemical compound that is an acid. Its chemical formula is H2SiF6. It is made by the reaction of hydrofluoric acid with silicon dioxide when the hydrofluoric acid is produced. It can be reacted with bases such as sodium hydroxide to produce a fluorosilicate salt such as sodium fluorosilicate. It is used to make artificial cryolite. It releases hydrogen fluoride when it is heated, so it is toxic like hydrofluoric acid. It is used in fluoridation of water. + += = = San Diego Comic-Con = = = +San Diego Comic-Con International, also known as Comic-Con International: San Diego (as given on its website), and as Comic-Con or the San Diego Comic-Con, was created in 1970 by Shel Dorf and a group of San Diegans. It was set up to celebrate comic books and for fans to meet creators, experts and other fans. + += = = Hydrogen fluoride = = = +Hydrogen fluoride is a chemical compound. It is a highly toxic colorless gas. Its chemical formula is HF. It dissolves in water to produce hydrofluoric acid, a strongly toxic corrosive acid. It is used to make fluorine. It is used as a catalyst. It is much more easily liquified (made into liquid) than any other hydrogen halide. + += = = Hydrogen halide = = = +Hydrogen halides (or hydrohalic acids) are inorganic compounds that contain a hydrogen ion and a halide ion. The halogens are fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. Astatine does not make a stable hydrogen halide, so it is not included. +The hydrogen halides are diatomic molecules with no tendency to ionize in the gas phase. Chemists therefore distinguish hydrogen chloride from hydrochloric acid. The former is a gas at room temperature that reacts with water to give the acid. Once the acid has formed, the diatomic molecule can not easily be regenerated. + += = = Hydrobromic acid = = = +Hydrobromic acid is an acid. Its chemical formula is HBr. It is a very strong acid. It is used to make bromides by reaction with metals or metal oxides. +It can be made by reacting bromine, sulfur dioxide, and water. This reaction makes hydrobromic acid and sulfuric acid. It is made by dissolving hydrogen bromide in water. It can also be made by reacting bromine with sulfur and phosphorus. It can also be made by electrolysis of a bromide solution. It can be made by reacting bromides with non-oxidizing acids, because oxidizing acids would turn the bromides into bromine. + += = = Hydrogen bromide = = = +Hydrogen bromide is a chemical compound. It dissolves in water to produce hydrobromic acid. Its chemical formula is HBr. It is a stinky colorless gas. It is used to make other bromides. It is made by reacting hot hydrogen and bromine with a catalyst. It can be made by reacting bromides with non-oxidizing acids, such as phosphoric acid. Bromine can be reduced by phosphorous acid to make hydrogen bromide. + += = = Hydrogen iodide = = = +Hydrogen iodide () is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is HI. It is a colorless odorous gas. It reacts with oxygen to make iodine and water. It can be made by reducing iodine with hydrazine. It can also be made by reacting iodides with non-oxidizing acids such as phosphoric acid. It can also be made by reacting hydrogen sulfide with iodine. Very pure hydrogen iodide can be made by combining hydrogen and iodine, but this is very slow. It will break down if exposed to air. It can be used to make illegal drugs and various chemical compounds of iodine. It dissolves in water to produce hydroiodic acid. Hydroiodic acid is a strong acid that is used to make iodides. + += = = Seal script = = = +Seal script (Chinese: Simplified: �� ;Traditional: ��; pinyin: zhuànshū) is an ancient style of Chinese calligraphy. + += = = Clerical script = = = +The clerical script (; pinyin: "lìshū"; Japanese: ���, "Reishotai";) is an archaic style of Chinese calligraphy. + += = = Guzheng = = = +The guzheng, also spelled gu zheng or gu-zheng (, with "gu" � meaning "ancient"; and also called zheng �) is a Chinese plucked zither. + += = = Pipa = = = +The pipa () is a four-stringed Chinese musical instrument, belonging to the plucked category of instruments (����/����). + += = = Royal charter = = = +A royal charter is a legal document issued by the monarchy which gives certain rights to an organization. +When an organization, for example: a university, is founded there has to be an official document which lists the basic laws (the constitution) of the organization. If this document is given to the organization by the king or queen it is called a Royal charter. +In Europe Royal charters have been used to create towns ever since the Middle Ages. The date when the charter was made is thought of as the date when the town was founded (started), even if there had been people living there many years before. +Many groups such as the British East India Company were formed by Royal charter. Most British university operate under Royal Charters. This gives them the right to give degrees to the students at the end of their studies. +The BBC operates under a Royal Charter which lasts for a limited period of ten years, after which it is renewed. +Charities may also have Royal charters. They do not need to have one, but they are likely to be more successful if they have a Royal charter. + += = = Aluminium sulfate = = = +Aluminium sulfate, sometimes spelled aluminum or sulphate, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Al2(SO4)3. It is a white crystalline solid. It can be made by dissolving aluminium oxide in sulfuric acid. It is used to remove particles from water when it is processed for drinking. It is also used in making paper. It is used in baking powder, deodorants, slug killer, and to make garden soils more acidic. + += = = George Grove = = = +Sir George Grove (born Clapham in South London, 13 August 1820; died Sydenham on 28 May 1900) was an English engineer and musician. +He wrote books about classical composers and is particularly famous for his big musical dictionary "Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians". This dictionary continued to be updated and published after his death. It has now gone through seven editions. The latest edition is available online. +Life. +George Grove was born in Clapham in South London. His father sold fish. His mother was into musicals. He learned to be an engineer and was sent out to Jamaica to help to build a lighthouse. +He worked on the building of the Britannia tubular bridge over the Menai Strait. He married the daughter of a clergyman. He became secretary of the Society of Arts and he wrote many articles for a Dictionary of the Bible. He spent seven years doing this. It gave him the idea of doing something similar for music. +Grove went to many concerts. He bought sheet music and studied it. He wrote programme notes for concerts, writing about the music that was being played. He wrote about a lot of music by Beethoven, Schubert, Mendelssohn and Schumann. +Career. +He wrote detailed essays about the symphonies of Beethoven and was a good friend of Clara Schumann. He travelled with the composer Arthur Sullivan to Vienna where he met many great musicians including Brahms and discovered some music by Schubert that had been forgotten. He spent several years writing his "Dictionary of Music" which was published in four volumes. +Grove worked very hard to get enough money to found the Royal College of Music which was opened in 1883 by the Prince of Wales. Grove got many great musicians to come and teach there, including the world-famous singer Jenny Lind who was already retired, and Hubert Parry, Charles Villiers Stanford and others. +The prime minister William Gladstone gave him a knighthood for what he had done for music. The new students included many who were to become famous. +These include Hamish MacCunn and Charles Wood. He became very fond of the student Edith Oldham and had an emotional attachment to her for the rest of his life. His wife was not interested in his work. He called his students his "children" and persuaded them to have a broad education. +He wanted them to read a lot. He was director of the RCM for eleven years, retiring in 1894, just after the RCM moved into a new building which is situated on the south side of the Royal Albert Hall. The RCM is still there today. +George Grove was a very influential man for English music. Although he was not trained as a musician he became extremely knowledgeable and was an excellent musicologist. The RCM setup a George Grove Memorial Scholarship in his memory. + += = = Thurston Dart = = = +Thurston Dart (born 3 September 1921 - died 6 March 1971), was a British musicologist, conductor and keyboard player. He is particularly remembered for his books in which he wrote about how music from earlier centuries should be performed. +Dart studied keyboard instruments at the Royal College of Music in London from 1938 to 1939, and also studied mathematics at University College, Exeter, graduating in 1942. He became a music lecturer and later professor at the University of Cambridge. During his time at Cambridge, Dart did a lot of work for the early music revival. Musicians were becoming interested in playing music from the Baroque, Renaissance and even Middle Ages. He formed such groups as the Early Music Consort of London. In 1964 he became King Edward Professor of Music in the University of London (King's College). +Thurston Dart played the harpsichord in many concerts and made several gramophone recordings. He wrote a book "The Interpretation of Music" (London, 1954), which became very widely read. He wrote many articles in journals about music. +Dart taught many students, included some who later became famous: the composer Michael Nyman, conductor Sir John Eliot Gardiner and conductor/musicologist Christopher Hogwood. He was one of the first musicians to make a recording of Bach's "Brandenburg Concertos" using historical instruments. + += = = Lend-Lease = = = +Lend-Lease was a program of the United States government put into place right before World War II. The United States was still trying to be neutral in the War, but wanted to give supplies to the Allied Powers (Great Britain, France and the Soviet Union). The U.S. gave the Allies several billion dollars of weapons. The Allies gave the United States rights to air and naval bases around the world, as well as billions in future monies. This money was not fully given until 2006. + += = = Huey Long = = = +Huey Long (August 30, 1893 – September 10, 1935) was an American politician. He was Governor and Senator in Louisiana in the 1930s. As governor he gave out free school books, built new schools, hospitals, roads, and even a new capitol building. He was a critic of big companies and the rich. As Senator, he came up with the idea of "Share Our Wealth" clubs, which promoted wealth redistribution. Long was very popular among the American people. +Death. +On September 10, 1935, Long was shot to death at age of 42 by Carl Weiss, a physician from Baton Rouge, Louisiana. At the time of his death, he was saying that Franklin D. Roosevelt's policies did not go far enough. There were rumors Long would run for president. Long was buried on the grounds of the Louisiana Capitol. The movie "All the King's Men" is based on the life of Huey Long. +His son, Russell would also become a U.S. Senator. +During Long's lifetime, he visited various places in Europe as part of the "Global Reach" projects that he was part of. The most prominent of these visits in the public eye was in Robertsbridge, East Sussex. + += = = Teapot Dome = = = +Teapot Dome was a political scandal that took place in 1921 to 1922. The name comes from an oil reserve near Teapot Rock, Wyoming. President Warren G. Harding let the reserve and another reserve in California, be under the control of the Department of the Interior. The Secretary of the Interior, Albert Fall, who had taken $100,000 from oil companies, then let oil companies use the land. The United States Senate looked into the matter and found Fall had committed conspiracy. It is thought to be one of the biggest political scandals in American history. The scandal caused a large amount of damage to the legacy of former President Harding. +Political consequences. +1924 Presidential Election. +In 1924, Democrats tried to use Teapot Dome to their advantage in that year �s presidential election by reminding people about it. The tactic failed and Republicans handily won. + += = = Air door = = = +An air door or air curtain is a machine used for separating two spaces from each other. The machine is mainly used at doors into buildings. The most common setup for air curtains is a downward-facing blower fan placed over an opening. Normally this opening is a door to a building. The fan stops outside air from entering the building to keep the building warm or cool. The air curtain also keeps insects out by making turbulence. The fan must be powerful enough to generate a jet of air that can reach the floor. They can also be heated or cooled as well to provide space heating or space cooling to an area. + += = = Phosphor = = = +A phosphor is a chemical compound that emits light when it is exposed to light of a different wavelength (i.e. color). Phosphors do not contain the chemical element Phosphorus, which can be made to glow a different way. This sometimes causes confusion. Phosphors are used in many types of lighting, including fluorescent bulbs where they change the ultraviolet light produced by excited mercury vapor into visible light. +The chemistry of phosphors varies greatly depending on what the phosphor is to be used for. Phosphors include 'glow in the dark' materials that can be found in novelties, toys, and emergency safety lighting for buildings. They are used in the screens of older style cathode ray tube televisions to make visible light from an electron beam. They can also be used to visibly detect ionizing radiation. Light-emitting diodes are devices that often use phosphors to obtain a particular color or color temperature. + += = = Neon lamp = = = +A neon lamp is a light bulb that can make many colors when Noble gasses are inside of the bulb. For example, helium would give a light yellow color and neon would make a red or orange color when an electric current is run in the tube. It is normally used to make letters for signs. Different gases make different colors. Neon Lamps are used to make neon signs. +The different colors neon lamps can make. +From left to right: Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, and Xenon. +A neon glow lamp is a little orange light bulb. There is an electric current that flows between the two electrodes. + += = = Turbocharger = = = +A turbocharger, or turbo, is a gas compressor. It is used to force air into an internal combustion engine. A turbocharger is a form of forced induction. It increases the amount of air entering the engine to create more power. A turbocharger has the compressor powered by a turbine. The turbine is driven by the exhaust gas from the engine. It does not use a direct mechanical drive. This helps to improve the performance of the turbocharger. +Names. +Early builders of turbochargers called them as "turbosuperchargers". A supercharger is an air compressor used for forcing air into an engine. They thought that by adding a turbine to turn the supercharger, it would yield a "turbosupercharger". The term was soon shortened to "turbocharger". This can now create some confusion. The term "turbosupercharged" is sometimes used to refer to an engine that uses both a crankshaft-driven supercharger and an exhaust-driven turbocharger. This is also called twincharging. +Some companies such as Teledyne Continental Motors still use the term "turbosupercharger" to refer to their turbochargers. +Operation. +An engine creates power by burning a mixture of air and fuel. The air and fuel are put into the cylinders to burn. When they burn, they push the piston down. The piston turns the crankshaft and creates power. For car engines, this is measured "horsepower". +Naturally Aspirated (Normally Aspirated) engines. +An engine that does not use a turbocharger or a supercharger is called a "naturally aspirated" or "normally aspirated" engine. Normally, when engine specifications are listed, a note is only made if the engine uses a turbocharger or supercharger. Most car engines are naturally aspirated. The power they can create is limited by the amount of air the pistons can pull into the cylinders. +Turbocharged engines. +A turbocharger is a small fan pump that spins around a shaft. The pump is driven by the pressure of the exhaust gas. A turbocharger consists of a turbine and a compressor. They are both mounted on the same shaft. The turbine is a heat engine. It converts exhaust heat and pressure to rotation. This rotation is used to turn the compressor. The compressor takes in the draws in the outside air. It squeezes or compresses the air. It then sends the air to the engine. Because the air pressure has been increased, more air and fuel may be put into the cylinders. This is sometimes called "boost pressure".With more fuel to burn, the engine can create more power. This increases the "horsepower" of the engine. +Engine damage. +The engine can be damaged if the air pressure in the cylinders gets too high. If there is too much exhaust gas sent to the turbine, the compressor can create too much pressure. To stop this from happening, a "wastegate" is used. The wastegate will limit amount of exhaust gas sent to the turbine. +History. +The turbocharger was invented by Swiss engineer Alfred Büchi. His patent was applied for use in 1905. Diesel ships and locomotives with turbochargers began appearing in the 1920s. +Aviation. +During the First World War French engineer Auguste Rateau fitted turbochargers to Renault engines powering various French fighters with some success. +In 1918, General Electric engineer Sanford Moss attached a turbocharger to a "Liberty" aircraft engine. The engine was tested at Pikes Peak in Colorado at . The test was to show that the turbo could add the power airplanes lose at high altitude. Internal combustion engines lose power because at high altitude, the outside air pressure is low. Less air and fuel can be drawn into the engine. +Turbochargers were first used in production aircraft engines in the 1930s. +Production automobiles. +The first turbocharged diesel truck was built by the "Swiss Machine Works Saurer" in 1938. The first production turbocharged automobile engines came from General Motors in 1962. The Oldsmobile Cutlass Jetfire was fitted with a turbocharger and the Chevrolet Corvair Monza Spyder with a TRW turbocharger. +In 1974, at Paris Auto Show, Porsche displayed the 911Turbo. This was during the height of the oil crisis. The 911Turbo was the first production sports car with exhaust turbocharger and pressure regulator. The pressure regulator was the wastegate. +The first production turbo diesel automobiles were the Mercedes 300SD with a Garrett turbocharger, and the Peugeot 604. Both were introduced in 1978. Today, most automotive diesels are turbocharged. +Racing cars. +The first successful turbocharged racing engine appears to have been in 1952. Fred Agabashian in a diesel-powered Cummins Special qualified for the pole position at the Indianapolis 500. He led for . Then the turbo was damaged by tire debris. Offenhauser's turbocharged engines first came to Indianapolis in 1966. Their first victory came in 1968 using a Garrett AiResearch turbocharger. Turbocharged cars dominated the 24 Hours of Le Mans between 1976 and 1988, and then from 2000-2007. +Formula One had a "Turbo Era" from until . Engines with a capacity of 1500 cc could produce as much as 1500 hp (1119 kW). In 1977, Renault was the first to use turbocharged engines F1. The performance made up for the high cost. Other engine manufacturers started building turbos. The turbocharged engines took over the F1 field. They ended the Ford Cosworth DFV era in the mid 1980s. the FIA decided that turbochargers were making the sport too dangerous and expensive. In 1987, the FIA decided to limit the maximum boost of the turbos. In 1989, turbochargers were banned completely. +World Rally Car racers have long preferred turbocharged engines. They offer a very high power-to-weight ratios. Turbo power started to rise to the levels of F1 cars. The FIA did not ban turbos. They restrict the turbo power by limiting the inlet diameter. +Multiple turbochargers. +Parallel. +Some engines use two turbochargers. They will both be the same size. They are normally smaller than used on single-turbos engines. They are often used on V-type engines, such as V6s and V8s. Each turbo is powered by a separate exhaust pipe from the engine. Because they are smaller, they reach their optimal boost more quickly. This setup of turbos is normally called a parallel twin-turbo system. The first production car with parallel twin turbochargers was the Maserati Biturbo of the early 1980s. +Sequential. +Some car builders avoid turbo lag (below) by using two small turbos. The normal setup is to have one turbo working all the time. The seconds turbo will only start working at higher RPM. Because the turbos are smaller, they do not have as much turbo lag. The second turbo will be able get to full speed before it is required. This setup is normally called a sequential twin-turbo. Porsche first used this technology in 1985 in the Porsche 959. +Applications. +Diesel. +Turbocharging is very common on diesel engines in automobiles, trucks, locomotives, ships, and heavy machinery. Diesels are particularly suitable for turbochargers for several reasons: +Motorcycle. +Using turbochargers to increase performance was very appealing to the Japanese builders in the 1980s. The first example of a turbocharged motorcycle is the 1978 Kawasaki Z1R TC. It used a Rayjay ATP turbo kit to build 0.35 bar (5 lb) of boost. This raised the power up from to . It was only slightly faster than the standard model. Several other motorcycles were built with turbos. Turbo applications for motorcycles increased their price. The small gains in performance were not worth the extra cost. Since the mid 1980s, no manufacturers have produced turbocharged motorcycles. +Aircraft. +A natural use of the turbocharger is with aircraft engines. As an aircraft climbs to higher altitudes, the pressure of the surrounding air quickly decreases. A turbocharger fixes this problem by compressing the air to higher pressures. +Temperature considerations. +Compressing the air increases its temperature. This causes several problems. Increased temperatures can lead to engine knock because of increased cylinder head temperatures. Hot air cannot burn as much fuel as cold air. This will decrease the power produced. +The common method of dealing with the hotter air is to cool it. The most common way is to use an inter-cooler or after-cooler. These coolers reduce the temperature of the air before it enters the engine. +Modern turbocharged aircraft usually do not need to cool the incoming air. Their turbochargers are generally small and the pressures created are not very high. Thus, the air temperature is not increased very much. +Comparison to supercharging. +To run a supercharger, it needs to take away some power from the engine. The power it adds is more than the power it uses. A turbocharger uses the exhaust gases. This is heat energy that would be wasted. +Properties. +Reliability. +Turbochargers can be damaged by dirty or poor oil. Most manufacturers recommend more frequent oil changes for turbocharged engines. The turbocharger will heat when running. Many recommend letting the engine idle for several minutes before shutting the engine off. This gives the turbo time to cool down. This will increase the life of the turbo. +Turbo lag. +The time required for the turbo to build up the needed pressure is called "turbo lag". This is noticed as a hesitation in engine response. This is caused by the time taken for the exhaust system to speed up the turbine. The directly-driven compressor in a supercharger does not have this problem. +Lag can be reduced by using lighter parts. This allows the turbine to start faster. Other mechanical changes can reduce turbo lag, but at an increase in cost. + += = = Lee Beom-seok (prime minister) = = = +Lee Beon-Seok (hangul: , October 20 1900 – May 11 1972) was a Korean politician and independence activist. He was South Koreas first National Defense Minister, first Prime Minister, eighth home minister, and Ambassador Embassy of Taiwan. + += = = Sanat Naft F.C. = = = +Sanat Naft Football Club () is an Iranian football club based in Abadan, Iran. They currently play in the Azadegan League. The team is sponsored by Iran's national petroleum industry and is part of the sports club "Sanat Naft Athletic Club". + += = = Irreducible Mind = = = +Irreducible Mind: Toward a Psychology for the 21st Century is a 2007 parapsychology book. The book talks about ideas proposed by Frederic William Henry Myers. "Irreducible Mind" says that the mind is separate from the brain or body. The book says that the mind continues on after death. +The authors come from various fields of psychology, science studies, and psychical research. Lead author Edward F. Kelly is Professor of Research in the Division of Perceptual Studies at the University of Virginia. +Criticism. +The book has been criticized for endorsing paranormal claims and pseudoscience. In a review, clinical neurologist Sebastian Dieguez said the book is "painstakingly redundant, astoundingly arrogant in its claims and intents". Dieguez wrote that the authors of "Irreducible Mind" took reports of paranormal phenomena and wild claims at face value, talked "quantum babble" and formed an ignorant "soul of the gaps" argument. + += = = Aluminium Hormozgan F.C. = = = +Aluminum Hormozgan F.C. is an Iranian football club based in Bandar Abbas, Iran. They currently compete in the Azadegan League. + += = = Steel Azin F.C. = = = +Steel Azin Football Club is an Iranian football club based in Tehran, Iran. + += = = Saipa F.C. = = = +Saipa Karaj Football Club is a football team based in Karaj, Iran. The team is owned by SAIPA, an Iranian automobile manufacturer. +Season-by-season. +The table below chronicles the achievements of Saipa in various competitions since 1993. + += = = Persepolis F.C. = = = +Persepolis Football Club (, pronounced Perspolis) is an Iranian football club based in Tehran, Iran. While the original name of the club is Persepolis, it is also called "Piroozi" (meaning victory) in Iran. + += = = Persian Gulf Pro League = = = +The Persian Gulf Pro League () formerly known as Iran Pro League (IPL) () is the highest level of professional football in Iran. +All-time Premier League standings. +Since the 2001-2002 season, IPL/Persian Gulf Cup has had nine seasons completed. The table below shows the all-time statistics of all teams attended in the 9 seasons held. + += = = Esteghlal F.C. = = = +Esteghlal Cultural and Athletic Club is an Iranian sports club most widely known for its professional football team based in Tehran. It was founded as Taj (), meaning 'Crown' in Persian and renamed after the Islamic Revoloution in 1979. +Esteghlal have been Asian Champions AFC Champions League twice and have also won Nine National Championship titles. Esteghlal together with Al-Hilal Riadh of Saudi Arabia are the second most successful clubs in Asian Champion's League, after Pohang Steelers of South Korea, with two champions titles and two runner up. +Season-by-season. +The table below chronicles the achievements of Esteghlal in various competitions since 1945. + += = = Disney Mickey's Magix = = = +Disney Mickey's Magix was a breakfast cereal made by Kellogg's and Disney. The cereal turned the milk in the bowl the color blue and the box had the theme of the "Sorcerer's Apprentice" segment from the movie "Fantasia". The cereal had toasted oats with marshmallows. + += = = Country Store = = = +Country Store is a breakfast cereal made by Kellogg's. Country Store is made in the United Kingdom and was first introduced in 1974. + += = = Budweiser = = = +The word Budweiser has several uses. + += = = Alum = = = +Alum is both a specific chemical compound and a class of chemical compounds. +Examples: +History. +Words like "alum" and "potash" were used before modern chemistry developed. The word 'alumen' occurs in Pliny's "Natural History" (2379 AD). In the 52nd chapter of his 35th book, he gives a detailed description. Different substances were distinguished by the name of 'alumen', but they were all astringents, and were all used in dyeing and medicine. + += = = Budweiser Budvar = = = +Budweiser Budvar (Czech: Budějovický Budvar) is a brand of beer (and a brewery) that is made in the city of České Budějovice in Southern Bohemia, Czech Republic. +In the European Union they sell it under the name Budweiser Budvar but in the United States and Canada they sell it under the name Czechvar. + += = = Song thrush = = = +The song thrush (usually thrush, "Turdus philomelos") is a member of the passerine songbird family Turdidae. It breeds across much of Eurasia. It is also known in English dialects as throstle or mavis. The song thrush has brown upperparts and black-spotted cream or buff underparts, and has three recognised subspecies. Its distinctive song, which has repeated musical phrases, has frequently been referred to in poetry. +The song thrush breeds in forests, gardens and parks, and is partially migratory with many birds wintering in southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East; it has also been introduced into New Zealand and Australia. Although it is not threatened globally, there have been serious population declines in parts of Europe, probably due to changes in farming practices. +The thrush builds a neat mud-lined cup nest in a bush or tree and lays four or five dark-spotted blue eggs. It is omnivorous and has the habit of using a favourite stone as an "anvil" on which to smash snails. Like other perching birds (passerines), it is affected by external and internal parasites and is vulnerable to predation by cats and birds of prey. +Breeding and survival. +The female song thrush builds a neat cup-shaped nest lined with mud and dry grass in a bush, tree or creeper, or, in the case of the Hebridean subspecies, on the ground. She lays four or five bright glossy blue eggs which are lightly spotted with black or purple. Two or three broods in a year is normal, although only one may be raised in the north of the range. On average, 54.6% of British juveniles survive the first year of life, and the adult annual survival rate is 62.2%. The typical lifespan is three years, but the maximum recorded age is 10 years 8 months. +The thrush is occasionally a host of parasitic cuckoos, but this is rare because the thrush usually recognizes the cuckoo's eggs. However, the thrush does not act with the same aggression towards the adult cuckoo as does the blackbird. The introduced birds in New Zealand, where the cuckoo does not occur, still have the ability to recognise and reject non-mimetic eggs. +Feeding. +The song thrush is omnivorous, eating a wide range of invertebrates, especially earthworms and snails, as well as soft fruit and berries. Like its relative, the blackbird, the thrush finds prey by sight, has a run-and-stop hunting technique on open ground, and will rummage through leaf-litter seeking food. +Snails are especially important when drought or hard weather makes it difficult to find other food. The thrush often uses a favourite stone as an "anvil" on which to smash the snail before extracting the soft body and invariably wiping it on the ground before eating it. Young birds initially flick objects and attempt to play with them until they learn to use anvils as tools to smash snails. The nestlings are mainly fed on animal food such as worms, slugs, snails and insect larvae. + += = = Potassium aluminium sulfate = = = +Potassium aluminium sulfate, or potash alum, or potassium alum, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is KAl(SO4)2. It contains potassium, aluminium, and sulfate ions. Crystals of it are transparent, and it is white when made into a powder. +Properties. +It is a acidic solid at room temperature. It does not have a colour; its crystals are transparent, and its powder is white. It reacts with sodium bicarbonate to make carbon dioxide gas. It exists naturally, and can be found as a mineral. +Preparation. +It is made by reacting aluminium sulfate with potassium sulfate. +Uses. +It is used to purify water. It is also used in deodorants. It is an antiseptic. It had several uses in the past, such as in dyeing clothes. +Crystals can be grown from a solution of potassium aluminium sulfate. + += = = Ray Adduono = = = +Ray Adduono (born January 21, 1947 in Fort William, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player who played 221 games in the World Hockey Association. He played for the Indianapolis Racers, Cleveland Crusaders, Minnesota Fighting Saints, and San Diego Mariners. + += = = Turmeric = = = +Turmeric ("Curcuma longa") is a spice, widely used in Asian cooking. It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant, in the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. +How it grows. +Turmeric plants are widely grown in tropical areas of India, where over 70,000 acres are cultivated every year. The plant has long leaves, surrounding spikes where small flowers form. However the root, or ‘rhizome’ of the turmeric plant is harvested, in much the same way as ginger. The turmeric rhizome takes about 10 months to grow before it can be harvested; it is then boiled, cleaned and dried in the sun. Most of the harvested turmeric is ground up and sold in jars for use in cooking, however the fresh root turmeric can also be used. +How it is used. +Turmeric is one of the main ingredients of curry powder, and is used to give it the characteristic yellow color. It is also delicious added to rice dishes, seafood, and mustards and pickles. +Turmeric is also more widely used as a colorant for textiles and food products. It is sometimes substituted for saffron as it is much less expensive, but produces the same yellow color. Turmeric has also been used as an alternative to medicine and can be made into a drink. + += = = Peter Bakovic = = = +Peter George "Pete" Bakovic (born January 31, 1965 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey left wing who played briefly in the National Hockey League in the late 1980s for the Vancouver Canucks. +Bakovic played his junior hockey for the Windsor Spitfires of the Ontario Hockey League but was never drafted. After a strong final year of junior, he was signed as a free agent by the Calgary Flames in 1985. A tough player who fought often, Bakovic spent three seasons playing minor pro in the Flames' system without seeing an NHL game. In two years with the Moncton Golden Flames of the AHL, he lead the team in penalty minutes both years, but also posted good offensive totals, notching 54 and 51 points. In his only year with the Salt Lake Golden Eagles, Bakovic posted 43 points in 39 games along with 221 PIM. +Late in the 1987–88 season, he was dealt to the Vancouver Canucks. Vancouver immediately promoted him to their NHL team, and he played 10 games for the Canucks, recording 2 goals and 48 PIM. However, injuries struck the next year and he found himself back in the IHL with the Milwaukee Admirals. Bakovic would play three more seasons in Milwaukee without seeing another NHL game before retiring in 1991. +Following his retirement, Bakovic stayed in Milwaukee and remained with the Admirals organization as an assistant coach until 1998. He continues to live in Milwaukee and coaches high school hockey. + += = = Chrome alum = = = +Chrome alum, also known as chromium potassium sulfate, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is KCr(SO4)2. It contains chromium, potassium, and sulfate ions. The chromium is in its +3 oxidation state. +Properties. +It is a dark purple solid. It is normally attached to extra water molecules. It dissolves in water. +Preparation. +It is made by reducing potassium dichromate with sulfur dioxide. +Uses. +It was used in making leather; now chromium(III) sulfate is used instead. + += = = Chromium(III) sulfate = = = +Chromium(III) sulfate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Cr2(SO4)3. It is a colored compound. It is made by dissolving chromium or chromium(III) oxide in sulfuric acid. It can also be made by reduction of chromates by sulfur dioxide. It turns green when heated. It is used to make leather. Chrome alum was used in the past. It's an irritant. + += = = Gustavo Dudamel = = = +Gustavo Dudamel (born January 26, 1981 in Barquisimeto, Lara, Venezuela) is a Venezuelan conductor and violinist. He became famous as the conductor of the Venezuelan youth orchestra Orquesta Sinfónica Simón Bolívar. Today he is the principal conductor of the Gothenburg Symphony in Gothenburg, Sweden, and music director of the Los Angeles Philharmonic in Los Angeles, California. Dudamel is also the artistic director of the Orquesta Sinfónica Simón Bolívar in Caracas, Venezuela. +Life and career. +Dudamel was born in Barquisimeto, Venezuela. His father played the trombone. He studied music when he was quite young, and learned the violin when he was ten. He also studied composition. He became involved with El Sistema, an organization in Venezuela to help children from poorer families to learn musical instruments. He went to the Jacinto Lara Conservatory and then the Latin-American Violin Academy, learning the violin. +He began to study conducting in 1995. In 1999, he became music director of the Orquesta Sinfónica Simón Bolívar, the national youth orchestra of Venezuela, and toured several countries. +Dudamel won many prizes for conducting. He soon became well-known and conducted the Philharmonia, the Israel Philharmonic, and the Los Angeles Philharmonic. He signed a recording contract with Deutsche Grammophon. He conducted "Don Giovanni" at La Scala, Milan, in November 2006. On September 10, 2007, he conducted the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra for the first time at the Lucerne Festival. In March 2008, he first conducted the San Francisco Symphony. +In 2005, Gustavo Dudamel conducted at the BBC Proms when Neeme Järvi was ill. He became Principal Conductor of the Gothenburg Symphony. He still conducts the Simón Bolívar National Youth Orchestra +Dudamel first conducted in the U.S. with the Los Angeles Philharmonic at the Hollywood Bowl in 2005. In 2009 he became their Musical Director. +On April 16, 2007, Gustavo Dudamel conducted the Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra in a concert to celebrate the 80th birthday of Pope Benedict XVI, with Hilary Hahn as solo violinist. The Pope was at the concert. +A documentary film "Tocar y Luchar" was made about Dudamel and El Sistema. +Personal life. +Dudamel is married to Eloísa Maturén, a Venezuelan ballet dancer and journalist. + += = = William James = = = +William James (1842–1910) was an American psychologist and philosopher. He was an original thinker in physiology, psychology and philosophy. His major work was a twelve-hundred page book which gave us such ideas as the "stream of thought". William was the brother of the novelist Henry James. +Epistemology. +James was a pragmatist. He defined true beliefs as those that prove useful to the believer. Truth is verifiable (can be tested) when thoughts and statements correspond with actual things, and also "hang together," or cohere, as pieces of a puzzle might fit together. These 'truths' are confirmed by the observed results putting them into practice.p427 +James held a world view in line with pragmatism, declaring that the value of any truth depended on its use to the person who held it. The world is a mosaic of diverse experiences that can only be understood through "radical empiricism". Radical empiricism, not related to the everyday scientific empiricism, asserts that the world and experience can never be halted for an entirely objective analysis. The mind of the observer and simple act of observation will affect the outcome of any empirical approach to truth. The mind, its experiences and nature, cannot be separated. James's emphasis on diversity as the default human condition has kept a strong influence in American culture, especially among liberals. James's description of the mind-world connection, which he described as a "stream of consciousness", had a direct and significant effect on avant-garde and modernist literature and art. +In "What pragmatism means", James writes that the central point of his own doctrine of truth is, in brief, that "Truths emerge from facts, but they dip forward into facts again and add to them; which facts again create or reveal new truth (the word is indifferent) and so on indefinitely. The 'facts' themselves meanwhile are not true. They simply "are"</u/l>. Truth is the function of the beliefs that start and terminate among them". + += = = Headlamp = = = +A headlamp is a light bulb mounted on the front of a machine. Normally it is mounted on a car. It shines forward. It can be turned on and off. It is used to see ahead of the machine so it wouldn't drive into trees or telephone poles. Incandescent bulbs and a variant known as halogen bulbs are the most common types. They are normally bright. + += = = Shawn Horcoff = = = +Shawn Horcoff (born September 17, 1978 in Trail, British Columbia, Canada) is a former Canadian professional ice hockey centre. He played for the Edmonton Oilers of the National Hockey League (NHL) and is the captain of the team. He also played for the Dallas Stars and Anaheim Ducks. +Horcoff played college hockey at Michigan State University where he drafted by the Edmonton Oilers in the 1998 NHL Draft. +Brouwer also played in the AHL with the Hamilton Bulldogs and also played in the Swedish Elite League with the "Mora IK" team. + += = = Dan Hamhuis = = = +Daniel Hamhuis (born December 13, 1982 in Smithers, British Columbia, Canada) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. He played 16 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Nashville Predators, Vancouver Canucks, and Dallas Stars. +Hamhuis played in the WHL for the Prince George Cougars for 4 seasons and played for the Milwaukee Admirals in the AHL. Hamhuis won a gold medal with Canada at the 2014 Winter Olympics. +On August 13, 2020, Hamhuis announced his retirement from the NHL. + += = = V6 engine = = = +A V6 engine, often just called a V6, is an internal combustion engine with six cylinders. The engine has three cylinders on each side called banks. The two banks form a "V" shaped angle. In most engines, the two banks are at a right angle (90°) or less to each other. All six pistons turn a common crankshaft. It is the second most common engine design in modern cars after the inline four. It can be powered by different types of fuels, including gasoline, diesel, natural gas and alcohol. +The V6 is a very compact engine design. It is shorter than the straight-4. Many V6 engines are narrower than the V8 engine. They work well and are well suited to the popular transverse engine front-wheel drive cars. It has largely replaced the inline-6, which is too long to fit in many modern cars. It is more complicated and not as smooth as the inline-6. The V6 is more compact, and more rigid, but also more prone to vibrations. It is also becoming a high performance engine. It has high power and torque output like the classic V8, but has good fuel economy. +History. +Some of the first V6-cars were built in 1905 by the Marmon Motor Car Company. +Delahaye's design-engineer Amadee Varlet came up with a twin-cam V6, that went into series production as the Type 44, in 1911. It was not successful enough to remain in production after 1914, when the first World war interrupted French automobile manufacturing. (Information obtained through Club Delahaye, the recognized global authority and permanent holder of the registered Delahaye trademark). +The first series production V6 was introduced by Lancia in 1950. Other builders soon started using V6 engines. In 1959, General Motors built a heavy-duty 305 in3 (5 L) 60° V6 for use in their pickup trucks and Chevrolet Suburban. The engine was later enlarged to 478 in3 (7.8 L) for heavy truck and bus use. +In 1962, the Buick Special offered a 90° V6 with uneven firing intervals. Consumers did not like this engine because of the vibration. +Balance and smoothness. +Due to the odd number of cylinders in each bank, V6 designs are unbalanced, whatever V-angle they use. Each bank in a V6 has an odd number of pistons. The V6 has an end-to-end rocking motion. Counterweights on the crankshaft and a counter rotating balancer shaft compensate for some of the rocking motion. +The Lancia V6 in 1950 used a 60° angle between the cylinder banks and a six-throw crankshaft, to achieve equally spaced firing intervals of 120°. This still has some balance and secondary vibration problems. The first Buick V6 was a 90°, based on their 90° V8. This produced a rough-running design. This was unacceptable to many customers. Later designs have improved the engine and made it reasonably smooth. +V angles. +60 degrees. +The most efficient cylinder bank angle for a V6 is 60 degrees. This makes the smallest size engine and reduces vibration. 60° V6 engines are not as well balanced. Modern design has reduced most of the vibration. 60 degree V6 engines do not need balance shafts. This design works well in larger cars where four-cylinder engines do not have enough power. +90 degrees. +Some 90° V6 engines are built. They are usually based on V8 engines. It takes little work to change a V8 into a V6 engine. The problem is these engines are wider and have more vibration than a 60° V6. More modern 90° V6 engine designs avoid vibration problems by changing the crankshaft's design and firing timing. Balancing shafts are often used to remove the remaining vibration. +120 degrees. +120° could be thought of as the "natural" angle for a V6. Each cylinder fires a power stroke every 120° of crankshaft rotation. This allows pairs of pistons to share crank pins (a connection on the crankshaft). Unlike the V8, there is no way to arrange a V6 to balance the piston forces. Because of the odd number of cylinders in each bank, a balance shaft is needed. +The 120° design also creates a very wide engine. It is too wide for most cars. It is often used in race cars. Race cars are designed around the engine, and vibration is not as important. +180 degrees. +The flat-6 "boxer" engine (180°) is only slightly wider than the 120° V6, and it is fully balanced. +Odd and even firing. +When the fuel in a cylinder is burned, it pushes the piston down and creates power. This is often referred to as "firing". +Many early V6 engines were based on V8 engine designs. This made a firing pattern with groups of two cylinders with an "odd-firing" order. This resulting in rough-running engines with unpleasant vibrations at certain engine speeds. +More modern 90° V6 engines avoid this problem. They use a split crank pin where the piston connects to the crankshaft. This makes an even 120° firing pattern. A 'split' crank pin is weaker than a straight one. Modern metallurgical techniques can produce a crankshaft that is strong enough to not break. +Racing use. +The V6 engine was introduced into racing by Lancia in the early 1950s. They had some good results. Then Ferrari built the Dino V6. Alfredo Ferrari, the son of Enzo Ferrari, was nicknamed Dino. He suggested building a 1.5 litre V6 engine for Formula Two racing. The Dino V6 was updated several times, and increased to a 2.4 litre engine. The Dino V6 was used in the Ferrari 246 Formula One car in 1958. +Motorcycle use. +Laverda showed a 996 cc V6-engined motorcycle at the 1977 Milan show. The motorcycle was raced in the 1978 Bol d'Or 24 hour race. + += = = Valtteri Filppula = = = +Valtteri Filppula (born March 20, 1984) is a Finnish professional ice hockey centre and left winger. He currently plays for the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played in the NHL for the Detroit Red Wings and for Jokerit of the SM-liiga. His brother Ilari Filppula plays hockey for HC CSKA Moscow of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). +Career. +Before playing in the NHL, Filppula played two seasons with Jokerit of the SM-liiga. He was drafted with the 95th overall by the Detroit Red Wings in the 2002 NHL Entry Draft. Filppula won the Stanley Cup with the Detroit Red Wings in 2008 when they beat the Pittsburgh Penguins 4 games to 2. +On July 5, 2013, he signed a five-year, $25 million contract with the Tampa Bay Lightning. +Filppula won a bronze medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics with team Finland. + += = = Foolad F.C. = = = +Foolad Khuzestan Football Club is an Iranian football club, based in Ahvaz, Khuzestan. +Season-by-season. +The table below chronicles the achievements of Foolad in various competitions since 1997. +<br> +<br> + += = = Rah Ahan F.C. = = = +Rah Ahan Football Club is an Iranian football club based in Shahr-e-Rey. They currently play in the IPL. +Season-by-season. +The table below chronicles the achievements of Rah Ahan every season, from 2002 to the present day. + += = = Saba Qom F.C. = = = +Saba Qom F.C or Saba Qom Football Club () is a football team based in Qom, Iran. +Season-by-season. +The table below chronicles the achievements of Saba Battery every season, from 2002 to the present day. + += = = Sepahan S.C. = = = +Sepahan Esfahan is an Iranian football club based in Isfahan, Iran. Sepahan is the last champion of the IPL in 2009-10 season. +Individual Honours. +Top Goal Scorer in the Iranian Premier League +Sister clubs. +The following list of clubs are affiliated with Sepahan: + += = = Mes Kerman F.C. = = = +Sanat Mes Kerman Football Club () is an Iranian football team based in Kerman, Iran. The team is named after and sponsored by Kerman's copper industries. +First-team squad. +as of August 27, 2010 + += = = Cam Neely = = = +Cameron Michael Neely (born June 6, 1965 in Comox, British Columbia, Canada) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey right winger. He played for the Vancouver Canucks for 3 seasons and the Boston Bruins for 10 seasons. Neely was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2005. He was named President of the Boston Bruins on June 16, 2010. His jersey number #8 was retired by the Boston Bruins. +Neely joined the 50 goals in 50 games club when he scored 50 goals in 44 games in 1993–94. +Both of Neely's parents died of cancer. He set up the "Cam Neely Foundation". He helps cancer patients live at the "Neely House" while having cancer treatments. + += = = Notochord = = = +The notochord is a flexible, rod-shaped body found in embryos of all chordates. It forms the axis of the embryo. In some chordates, it persists throughout life as the main support down the length of the body. In most vertebrates it is replaced by the vertebral column. The notochord is found ventral (underneath) the neural tube (future spinal cord). +Notochords were the first "backbones" in chordates. Notochords were advantageous to primitive fish-ancestors: they were a rigid structure for muscle attachment, but flexible enough to allow movement. Embryos of vertebrates have notochords, and develop the vertebral column later. + += = = Hurricane Diana = = = +Hurricane Diana struck Mexico in August of 1990 Atlantic hurricane season. Although the hurricane had winds speeding at only 100 miles an hour, the storm still killed more than 130 people. This hurricane also caused more than $100 million in damage (1990 USD). The name Diana was later retired in Spring of 1991 and then replaced by Dolly. + += = = Hurricane Erin (1995) = = = +Hurricane Erin struck Florida twice: the eastern side and the Panhandle Region in the 1995 Atlantic hurricane season. The storm also struck Alabama. It was not a very severe storm, though the damage caused by Erin was over $700 million. Despite the damage, the name Erin did not get retired. + += = = Tropical Storm Alberto (1994) = = = +Tropical Storm Alberto was a catastrophic storm in the 1994 Atlantic hurricane season. The cyclone was responsible for between 22 and 38 deaths and between $500 million and $1 billion in destruction (1994 USD). The storm struck Northwest Florida, southwest Georgia and Alabama. In spite of the destruction, the name "Alberto" was not retired. + += = = Menai Strait = = = +The Menai Strait (, the "River Menai") is a narrow stretch of water which separates the island of Anglesey from the mainland of Wales. It is in the northwest corner of Wales. The straight is about 25km long. The water is not very deep. There are two bridges over the strait. The A5 road (which goes all the way to central London), goes across by the Menai Suspension Bridge. There is also the Britannia Tubular Bridge. + += = = Zob Ahan Isfahan FC = = = +Zob Ahan Football Club is an Iranian football club based in Esfahan, Iran. +Season-by-season. +The table below chronicles the achievements of Zob Ahan since 1973. +<br> +<br> + += = = Paykan F.C. = = = +Paykan Football Club , is a football team based in Qazvin, Iran. + += = = List of Team Umizoomi episodes = = = +This is a list of Nick Jr.'s original series, "Team Umizoomi" episodes. "Team Umizoomi" is an animated mystery fantasy musical series with a focus on preschool mathematics. It has been made available on iTunes. It first broadcast on January 25, 2010 to the final broadcast on April 24, 2015. +The episode list is in broadcast order. +Overview. +<onlyinclude> +</onlyinclude> + += = = Hamish MacCunn = = = +Hamish MacCunn (22 March 1868 – 2 August 1916), was a Scottish composer and conductor who lived in the later part of the romantic period. +Birth. +He was born in Greenock. His father was a shipowner. He soon showed a great talent for music. In 1883 he got a scholarship to study at the Royal College of Music, which had only just been founded. His teachers there included Sir Hubert Parry and Sir Charles Villiers Stanford. +Works. +MacCunn became a professor of harmony at the Royal Academy of Music from 1888-1894. He also taught at the Guildhall School of Music. +MacCunn composed several orchestral works as well as operas, but he had to spend more and more time conducting in order to earn money. For a time he conducted the Carl Rosa Opera Company. He conducted Wagner’s opera "Siegfried " and the first performance in English " of "Tristan and Isolde". +In 1887 he conducted his overture "The Land of the Mountain and the Flood" at the Crystal Palace. This was a very successful piece, and it remains the only composition of his which is still often performed. The music has a Scottish feeling and sounds quite similar to the music of Mendelssohn. Although he composed other pieces which were similar in mood, none of them were as successful as this one. +In 1888, he married Alison Pettie, daughter of the painter John Pettie who had painted MacCunn's portrait several times. They had one son. John Pettie liked music and helped MacCunn in his career by organizing concerts of his music. +He died aged only 48. + += = = List of herbs = = = +This is a list of herbs. + += = = The Yogi Bear Show = = = +Yogi Bear is a kids' TV show made by Hanna-Barbera in the early 1960s. + += = = REN21 = = = +REN21, the Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century, is an organization which provides a forum for international leadership in renewable energy policy, in order to promote the rapid growth of renewable energy technologies in developing countries and industrialised economies. +The network was launched in June 2005 as a result of discussion held the previous year at the International Conference for Renewable Energies in Bonn, Germany. Its secretariat operates from offices in Paris, France, and is provided by the United Nations Environment Programme and the "Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit" (German Technical Cooperation), in collaboration with the International Energy Agency. +REN21 has produced a number of internationally recognised reports on renewable energy policy and the development of the renewables marketplace. Since 2005 REN21 has produced an annual "Renewables Global Status Report", with Eric Martinot and Janet Sawin as lead authors. + += = = Transverse engine = = = +A transverse engine is an engine mounted in a vehicle so that the engine's crankshaft is at a right angle (90°) to the vehicle. Many modern front wheel drive vehicles use a transverse engine mounting design. The majority of rear wheel drive vehicles use a longitudinal engine design, where the engine's crankshaft axis is parallel to the vehicle. +History. +The first car known to use such an arrangement was a 1911 front-wheel drive car. It had a clutch at each end of the engine, driving the front wheels directly. The first successful transverse-engine cars were the two-cylinder DKW "Front" series of cars. These first appeared in 1931. After the World War II, SAAB used the configuration in their first model, the Saab 92, in 1947. +Placement of transverse engines. +Engines may be placed in two main positions within the motor car: + += = = Longitudinal engine = = = +A longitudinal engine is an engine mounted in a vehicle so that the engine's crankshaft is parallel with the vehicle, front to back. The majority of rear wheel drive vehicles use a longitudinal engine design. where the engine's crankshaft axis is parallel to the vehicle. Many modern front wheel drive vehicles use a transverse engine mounting design. +Placement of longitudinal engines. +Engines may be placed in three main positions within the car: + += = = Stawki (Toruń) = = = +Stawki is a district of Toruń. + += = = Orange County, Florida = = = +Orange County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. It was formed in 1824 when it was originally called "Mosquito County". As of 2020, 1,429,908 people lived there. Its county seat is Orlando. + += = = Monroe County, Florida = = = +Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. It was formed on July 3, 1823. As of 2020, the population is 82,874. Its county seat is Key West. +Monroe County includes a part of the Florida mainland, and many small islands called the Florida Keys. Almost nobody lives in the mainland of the county. It is all wetland, part of the Everglades. Nearly everybody in the county lives on the islands. + += = = Indian River County, Florida = = = +Indian River County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida, and was formed on May 30, 1925. As of 2020, 159,788 people lived there. Its county seat is Vero Beach. + += = = Gilchrist County, Florida = = = +Gilchrist County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. It was formed on December 4, 1925. As of 2020, 17,864 people lived there. Its county seat is Trenton. + += = = Santa Rosa County, Florida = = = +Santa Rosa County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida, and was formed on February 18, 1842. As of 2020, 188,000 people lived there. Its county seat is Milton. + += = = Escambia County, Florida = = = +Escambia County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. It was formed on July 21, 1821. As of 2020, 321,905 people lived there. Escambia County's seat is Pensacola. + += = = Kauai County, Hawaii = = = +Kauai County is a county in the U.S. state of Hawaii. It was formed in 1905. As of 2020, 73,298 people live there. It's county seat is Lihue. + += = = Dimethylmercury = = = +Dimethylmercury, sometimes called dimethyl mercury, is a chemical compound. It contains methyl and mercury ions. Its chemical formula is (CH3)2Hg. +Properties. +It is a colorless liquid. It evaporates very fast. It is a very strong toxin to the nervous system. It doesn't react with water like other similar chemicals. It contains mercury in its +2 oxidation state. It can react with mercury(II) chloride to make a crystalline chemical compound. +Production. +It is made by reacting a sodium amalgam with methyl iodide. +Uses. +It has almost no uses. It is rarely used to test instruments that are used to detect mercury. +Safety. +It is extremely toxic. If just a drip gets placed on human skin, it will poison the person. It gets into the brain easily when it goes through the skin. The poisoning does not happen quickly, though. It sometimes can take months before the poisoning effects show. + += = = Ken Watanabe = = = + is a Japanese stage, movie, and television actor. To English-speaking audiences, he is known for playing characters such as General Tadamichi Kuribayashi in "Letters from Iwo Jima". He played Lord Katsumoto Moritsu in the 2003 movie "The Last Samurai" and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. Among other awards, he has won the Japan Academy Prize for Best Actor twice, in 2007 for "Memories of Tomorrow" and in 2010 for "Shizumanu Taiyō". He is also known for his acting in Christopher Nolan's movies, "Batman Begins" and "Inception". +On February 9, 2016, it was revealed Watanabe, a leukemia survivor, had been diagnosed with stomach cancer. + += = = Methyl = = = +Methyl is an ion. It is made by removing one of the hydrogen atoms from an atom of methane. It is an organic ion. Its chemical formula is CH3. It bonds with other ions, such as hydroxide, to make chemical compounds. The bonding with hydroxide makes methanol. If it bonds with mercury, it makes dimethylmercury. +Methyl groups added to cytosine are the basis of epigenetics. They change the way genes act, and so explain how (for example) identical twins may turn out differently later in life. Or, they help understand how a mother's nutrition may have long-lasting effects on her offspring. + += = = Inception = = = +Inception is a 2010 British-American science fiction action heist movie written and directed by Christopher Nolan, who also produced the movie with his wife, Emma Thomas. The movie stars Leonardo DiCaprio as a professional thief who steals information by infiltrating the subconscious of his targets. He is offered a chance to have his criminal history erased as payment for the implantation of another person's idea into a target's subconscious. The ensemble cast includes Ken Watanabe, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Marion Cotillard, Elliot Page, Tom Hardy, Dileep Rao, Cillian Murphy, Tom Berenger, and Michael Caine. +The idea behind "Inception" was first developed over nine years before it was released. But, there is also another anime film just like it called Paprika (2006 film). After the 2002 completion of "Insomnia", Nolan wrote an 80-page treatment for a horror movie envisioning "dream-stealers", presenting the idea to Warner Bros. based on ideas of lucid dreaming and dream incubation. +Deciding he needed more experience before tackling a production of this magnitude and complexity, Nolan shelved the project and instead worked on 2005's "Batman Begins", 2006's "The Prestige", and "The Dark Knight" in 2008. He spent six months polishing up the script for "Inception" before Warner Bros. purchased it in February 2009. Filming spanned in six countries, beginning in Tokyo on June 19 and finishing in Canada in November 22. It was officially budgeted at $160 million, a cost which was shared between Warner Bros. and Legendary. Nolan's success with "The Dark Knight" helped gain the movie $100 million to spend on advertising. +"Inception" was first screened in London on July 8, 2010 and was shown in standard and IMAX theatres on July 16, 2010. "Inception" grossed over $828 million worldwide, becoming the fourth-highest-grossing movie of 2010. Considered one of the best movies of the 2010s, "Inception" received critical praise for its screenplay, direction, themes, action sequences, visual effects, musical score, and ensemble cast. It won four Academy Awards (Best Cinematography, Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing, and Best Visual Effects) and was nominated for four more: Best Picture, Best Original Screenplay, Best Art Direction, and Best Original Score. + += = = Methyl iodide = = = +Methyl iodide is a chemical compound. It is made of methyl and iodide ions. Its chemical formula is CH3I. +Properties. +It is a liquid that evaporates easily. When it is exposed to light, it turns purple because of iodine. This can be stopped by keeping it with copper. It breaks down when heated to make carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen iodide. +Preparation. +It is made by reacting iodine, red phosphorus, and methanol all at the same time. Phosphorus(III) iodide is formed during the reaction. Another way to make it is to react methanol with potassium iodide and some sulfuric acid. +Uses. +It is used to add methyl to some organic compounds. It can also be used as a pesticide. It is used to make dimethylmercury and other chemicals. +Safety. +It causes nausea and dizziness when breathed. It can cause burns when put on skin. + += = = Phosphorus(III) iodide = = = +Phosphorus(III) iodide, also known as phosphorus triiodide, is a chemical compound. It is made of phosphorus and iodide ions. It contains phosphorus in its +3 oxidation state. Its chemical formula is PI3. +Properties. +It is a red solid. It is very unstable and a powerful reducing agent. It reacts violently with water. The reaction with water makes phosphorous acid and hydrogen iodide. It is used in making chemicals. Some think that it is too unstable to be stored, but it can be stored and can be bought. +Preparation. +Phosphorus(III) iodide is made by reacting iodine with white phosphorus dissolved in carbon disulfide. It is dissolved in carbon disulfide because it does not dissolve in water. It can also be made by reacting phosphorus(III) chloride with hydrogen iodide or some other iodide. +Uses. +It reacts with alcohols such as methanol to make "alkyl iodides" such as methyl iodide. Many times phosphorus(III) iodide is made in the reaction. The alkyl iodides are used in many chemical reactions. + += = = Carbon disulfide = = = +Carbon disulfide, also known as carbon bisulfide, is a chemical compound. It consists of carbon and sulfide ions. It contains carbon in its +4 oxidation state and sulfur in its -2 oxidation state. Its chemical formula is CS2. +Properties. +It is similar to carbon dioxide, although much more reactive. Sulfide is a much more powerful reducing agent than oxide. It burns very easily and catches fire at 90°C. It smells sweet but is often contaminated other chemicals that smell bad. +Preparation. +It used to be made by reacting carbon and sulfur at a very high temperature. Now it is made by "burning" methane in sulfur (instead of oxygen). It is much harder to burn methane in sulfur. The waste product (carbon disulfide) is also much more reactive than carbon dioxide, the normal waste product. +Uses. +It is used to make carbon tetrachloride. It is also used in making organic chemicals. It is used to dissolve things like phosphorus and iodine and to kill insects. +Safety. +Carbon disulfide is very flammable and is also toxic in large amounts when breathed in. + += = = Nick Jr. (block) = = = +Nick Jr. (sometimes disambiguated as Nick Jr. on Nickelodeon or Nick Jr. on Nick) is a programming block that aired on Nickelodeon from January 4, 1988. + += = = Donovan Patton = = = +Donovan Patton (born March 1, 1978) is an American host, actor, voice actor, and singer. Patton graduated from the Interlochen Arts Academy and acted in Shakespeare plays such as "Much Ado About Nothing" and "Romeo and Juliet" before he replaced Steve Burns as Joe, the second host of Nickelodeon's children's television program "Blue's Clues" in 2002. Series co-creator Angela Santomero stated that Patton brought Joe, his character, closer to the preschool viewer, as Joe was more willing to "jump into a problem rather than figure it out first like Steve". After "Blue's Clues" ended Patton voiced Bot on Nickelodeon's "Team Umizoomi", for his work on children's television series, Patton has been described as a "household name" and an "unqualified star to the 5-and-under set and their parents". +Although most of his career has been in children's television, Patton has also appeared in independent films, such as "Awake" and "Lies I Told My Little Sister", and in television shows. +He also appeared in video games, such as "Grand Theft Auto V", "Lego Jurassic World", ' and '. +Early career. +Donovan Patton graduated from the Interlochen Arts Academy in northwest Michigan. His first acting roles were in Shakespeare plays such as "Much Ado About Nothing" and "Romeo and Juliet". +"Blue's Clues". +Patton's "big break" came in 2002, when he was cast to replace Steve Burns as Joe, the second host of the Nickelodeon children's television program "Blue's Clues". He was up for a part in "" at the time, but considered the role as Joe "a happy accident". Patton became a "household name" and has been called "an unqualified star to the 5-and-under set and their parents". He was subjected to "the same kind of scrutiny" as Burns, who was involved in Patton's selection and helped train him, to earn the role. Patton was selected out of 1,500 auditions. He had never seen the show before his audition, but like Burns was the favorite with preschool test audiences. He said, "I am convinced that I got that part because of a Christopher Walken impression I sometimes do. There's a tape out there, somewhere, with both Steve Burns and myself doing a "Blue's Clues" scene both as Christopher Walken, which we did at the screen test. I haven't seen the tape, but I know somewhere it still exists". Beginning in September 2000, Burns trained Patton to take over the host spot and advised him not to "think of [the show] as children's TV", but rather as "acting and telling the truth". +According to Traci Paige Johnson, one of the producers and creators of "Blue's Clues", Patton's character was more like a preschooler and more innocent than Steve. Angela Santomero, another producer and creator, stated that Patton's characterization as Joe brought him closer to the preschool viewer as Joe was more willing to "jump into a problem rather than figure it out first like Steve". Patton liked working on "Blue's Clues" because, as he stated, "I got to go be a kid for twelve hours a day". He called the show's crew "a real fun little family" and a "well-oiled machine" by the time he joined the show. Patton remained on the show for 50 episodes, until it ended its run in 2006, and also appeared in its spin-off, "Blue's Room", which premiered in 2004. Several years later, Patton said he had not yet grasped the enormity of replacing Burns, even after he became a parent and witnessed the show's effect on his own children. He admitted that he preferred when his two-year-old daughter watched the Steve episodes. +Later roles. +In 2012, Patton appeared in the short films "Awake" and "Pharmboy", the latter of which was directed by his longtime friend Lawrence Feeney. Mark Finguerra, the director of "Awake", was able to look past the potential typecasting of Patton's role in "Blue's Clues" to cast him in a darker role. Patton had impressed him in an audition for an earlier feature film. Finguerra called Patton a "complete professional [and a] tremendous actor", and enjoyable on set. He appeared in the soap opera "One Life to Live", in which he played, in a departure of his previous roles, "a very angry man". In 2014, he appeared in a small movie shot mostly in New Jersey, entitled "Lies I Told My Little Sister", directed by William Stribling and starring Lucy Walters. +Patton called his career, with its mixture of children's television and darker roles in independent films, "an odd experience" and told a reporter that he had spent half his life at Nickelodeon. In 2009, he was cast as Bot, the robot superhero, on the children's show "Team Umizoomi" through the relationships he had made at Nickelodeon on "Blue's Clues". He found working on "Team Umizoomi" "comforting" because many of the same crew, producers, and creators had also worked on "Blue's Clues". It was the first time he had worked as a voice-over artist, unlike on "Blue's Clues", when he was able to be more physical acting in front of a blue screen. He said, about "Team Umizoomi", "the work the animators have done on it has been superlative". He stated that he enjoyed working on "Team Umizoomi" because it gave him the opportunity to participate in a show from its inception, which he had missed with "Blue's Clues". Patton said his voice performance of Bot, which he modeled on Brent Spiner's performance as the android Data on "" and was influenced by Mel Blanc's work in the classic Warner Bros. cartoons, "ended up sounding more like my natural voice, with a teeny bit of superhero in there". Despite both roles in "Blue's Clues" and "Team Umizoomi" requiring him to sing, he did not consider himself a natural singer and felt that he had to work hard at it. He said, about being cast as Bot, "I get to be a superhero. Who doesn't want to be a superhero"?. +Patton is married and has two children. He is active in several charities in the New York City area, including Literacy Inc., the Make-a-Wish Foundation, and the Columbia Presbyterian Hospital, a large children's hospital. + += = = Gilded Age = = = +The Gilded Age is a time in the in history of the USA. It lasted from the end of the American Civil War, and up to the late 19th century. It corresponds to the latter part of the British Victorian era. +The name Gilded Age was first used by writer Mark Twain in "" (1873). The time saw rapid progress in technology and railroad expansions and industrialization. Immigrants came in the millions. The intense political partisanship of the day included disputes over currency, tariffs, political corruption and patronage, railroads and business trusts. + += = = Chemiluminescence = = = +Chemiluminescence (or Chemoluminescence) is a kind of luminescence. It is a process of making light from a chemical reaction. Chemiluminescence in biological systems is called bioluminescence. +The light made in chemiluminiscence is not directly related to heat. A simple two step example of a reaction of A, and B, that produces; C, D, and light. +C* is an excited state of C. +This reaction is simpler than most chemiluminesence reactions. The excited state happens when electrons are pushed into a higher orbit by the energy of a chemical reaction. The excited state is less stable than the ground state. The electrons in the excited state fall to the ground state (lower energy), emitting light. +The amount of measurable light made is called "radiant intensity": ICL (photons emitted per second). +Analytical applications. +The device needed to measure the light made is simple. It needs something to hold the sample, and a photomultiplier tube. There are three ways for this to be used in chemical measurements. +Analysis of gases. +The method measures small amounts of atmospheric pollutants. A common method measures the amount of nitrogen monoxide by reacting it with ozone. The light made has a wavelength range of 600 to 2800 nm. +Analysis of liquids. +Luminol is the most well known type of compound used for chemiluminescence in liquids. +Analysis of cell organelles. +Ca2+(calcium) inside of different parts of cells like the mitochondria can make light when it reacts with a protein from jellyfish named aequorin. Nitric oxide(NO) is in cells and is a way for cells to talk to each other, this can be measured with the compound luminol. + += = = Thilo Sarrazin = = = +Thilo Sarrazin (born 12 February 1945) is a German economist and former politician of the SPD. In 2000 and 2001, Sarrazin worked for the "Deutsche Bahn". In 2002, he became the senator for finance in the German state of Berlin. In May 2009, he has become a member of the executive board of the "Deutsche Bundesbank". +Sarrazin published the book "Deutschland schafft sich ab" ("Germany Abolishes Itself") with controversial comments about the German immigration system. The book was published on 30 August 2010. His book led the executive board members of the Bundesbank to ask to dismiss Thilo Sarrazin from his office. This must be done by the German "Bundespräsident" Christian Wulff. After an agreement with the "German Bundesbank", Thilo Sarrazin will leave his post at the end of September. +Sarrazin is also known for statements such as the following: +Life. +Sarrazin was born in Gera, Germany. His father was a doctor and the mother a daughter of a West Prussian landowner. His paternal family, a French Huguenot family, is originally from Burgundy. His grandmother was English-Italian. He has explained that his name means Saracen (i.e. Muslim) and is common in Southern France. It comes from the Arab pirates that were called “Saracens” in the Middle Ages. His mother has a Polish origin. He has referred to himself as "a European mongrel". +He grew up in Recklinghausen. At age seven, he went to an orphanage in Bavaria. He graduated from the local gymnasium and then served in the military from 1967 to 1971. Then, he studied Economics at the University of Bonn, earning his doctorate. From November 1973 to December 1974 he worked for the Friedrich Ebert Foundation and became active in the SPD. +In 1975 Sarrazin started to work in the Federal Ministry of Finance. Until 1981 he served as Head of Unit in the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. In 1981, he returned to the Federal Ministry of Finance. In October 1981, he started to work as bureau chief and was a close collaborator of Federal Finance Minister Hans Matthöfer and his successor Manfred Lahnstein. Even after the end of the socialist-liberal coalition in October 1982, Sarrazin remained in the Finance Ministry. There he was director of several units, including (from 1989 to 1990) the "Innerdeutsche Beziehungen", which the German monetary, economic and social union prepared. During his time as Head of the Federal Ministry of Finance, he was partly responsible for German railways. +From 1990 to 1991, Sarrazin worked for the Treuhand. Then he was up to 1997 State Secretary in the Ministry of Finance in Rhineland-Palatinate. +Sarrazin is married to Ursula Sarrazin ("née" Breit) and has two sons. + += = = The Turn of the Screw (opera) = = = +The Turn of the Screw is an opera by Benjamin Britten. It is a chamber opera (an opera for a small number of characters and very small orchestra). The story is based on a story with the same title by Henry James. The libretto (the words of the opera) were written by Myfanwy Piper. The story of the opera is almost exactly the same as in Henry James’s book. Britten was asked by the Venice Biennale to write the opera. It was first performed on 14 September, 1954, at the Teatro La Fenice, Venice. Its first performance in Britain took place a month later on 6 October 1954 at Sadler’s Wells Opera in London. +The opera is divided into two acts. It is further divided into a prologue and sixteen scenes. Before each scene starts we hear a variation on the 'Screw' theme. This theme is based on twelve notes which are all the 12 notes in the octave. This is called twelve-tone row, but it is tonally based (the music is in traditional keys, unlike the music of Schoenberg). There are only 13 players in the orchestra. +The story of the opera. +Prologue. +The prologue is just for a solo singer (tenor) and piano. He tells us about a young governess he once knew who looked after two children at Bly House. The children’s parents were dead, and they were supposed to be cared for by their uncle. The uncle, who lived in London, was far too busy to care for them, and he hired a governess for them. He told the governess (who is just called “the governess” in the opera) that she must never write to him about the children. She must make any decisions about them herself. She must never ask him about the history of Bly House, and she must always continue to care for the children. +Act 1. +The Governess wonders what the children will be like. The children wonder what their new governess will be like. When the Governess arrives at Bly House she is greeted by the housekeeper, Mrs. Grose, and the children who (bow and curtsey). She thinks that the boy, Miles, looks strangely familiar. Miles goes to a boarding school, but he has come home for the holidays. A letter from his school arrives saying that he has been expelled because he had been threatening other children. The Governess is sure that Miles, like his sister Flora, is too kind and innocent to have done such terrible things. Mrs Grose also thinks the same thing. The Governess decides not to take any notice of the letter. +The Governess sings about her wonderful position at the house and the beautiful children she has in her care. But at night she hears strange footsteps and a cry outside her door. Suddenly, she sees a pale-faced man sitting on a tower of the house. When the man disappears, she becomes frightened and wonders if she has seen a ghost. But then she is comforted when she hears the children singing the nursery rhyme "Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son". The Governess doubts that she saw anything, but decides to tell Mrs. Grose. The housekeeper tells the Governess about Peter Quint, who used to be a servant at Bly House. What Mrs. Grose says seems to suggest that Quint had done nasty things to Miles. At that time Miles had a governess called Miss Jessel. Mrs. Grose suggests that Quint had a sexual relationship with Miss Jessell, and that they both had sexual relations with the children. The housekeeper said she could do nothing about it, as Quint cleverly found any letters that came for her and he threatened her with physical harm. But when Miss Jessel became pregnant and people found out how bad she was, she abandoned the children and ran away. Soon afterwards she died. Shortly after that Quint died a mysterious death on an icy road near Bly House. +The next morning, the Governess is teaching Miles Latin when he goes into a trance-like state and sings a song which shows that Quint had abused him. +Later that day, the Governess sits by the side of a lake with Flora. Flora names the seas of the world, finishing with the Dead Sea. Flora compares the Dead Sea (where nothing can live) to Bly House. This worries the Governess. As Flora plays on the shore with her doll, the Governess suddenly sees a strange woman across the lake who seems to be watching Flora. It is the ghost of Miss Jessel, who has returned to get Flora. The Governess hurries Flora home to safety. +That night, Miles and Flora slip out into the woods to meet Miss Jessel and Peter Quint. The children fantasize about a world where dreams come true. The Governess and Mrs. Grose arrive as the children are about to be possessed, and the spirits depart. Miles sings a song about how he has been a bad boy. +Act 2. +The ghosts of Peter Quint and Miss Jessel reappear. They argue about who harmed whom first when they were alive, and accuse one another of not acting quickly enough to possess the children. In her room, the Governess worries about the evil she feels in the house. +The next morning, the family goes to church. The children sing a song which sounds like a song praising God. Mrs. Grose does not realize the meaning of the song until the Governess tells her they are singing about horrors. The Governess runs off and goes to her room. She can feel the presence of Miss Jessel and sees her sitting at her desk. The Governess now knows that she cannot abandon the children. She writes to the children’s uncles saying that she must see him. +When the Governess asks Miles what happened at school Quint’s voice is heard. Miles shrieks and the candle goes out. Miles is tempted by Quint to pick up the letter. He steals it and rushes off. Miles distracts the grown-up’s attention by playing the piano, so they do not notice Flora going off to the lake. Mrs Grose and the Governess find Flora by the lake. The Governess tries to make Flora say that she can see Mrs Jessel, but she shouts that she can’t see anybody. Mrs Grose takes her home. +In the last scene Flora has become mad. Mrs Grose tells the Governess that her letter to the uncle must have been stolen. She asks Miles whether he stole it. He denies it, but all the time he can see Peter Quint who is telling him he must not tell them the truth about him. In the end Miles screams: “Peter Quint! You devil!” and then dies. The Governess is left holding the dead boy in her arms. +Instrumentation. +The instruments used in the orchestra are: 2 violins, viola, cello, double bass, flute/alto flute/piccolo, clarinet/bass clarinet, harp, oboe/cor anglais, piano, celesta and percussion. + += = = Demonic possession = = = +Demonic possession is a term used to describe a situation when a demon (a devil) controls a human being. In many cultures and religions people often used to believe that a devil could enter the body of a person and control them. They often thought this was happening when a person seemed to be mad, or when they had a fit, or when they fainted. + += = = PAS Hamedan F.C. = = = +PAS Hamedan Football Club () is an Iranian football club based in Hamedan, Iran. + += = = Malavan F.C. = = = +Malavan Bandar Anzali Football Club () is an Iranian football club based in Bandar-e Anzali, Iran. + += = = Cosworth = = = +Cosworth is a high performance engineering company. It was founded in London in 1958. It builds engines and electronics for automobile racing, mainstream automotive and defence industries. Cosworth is based in Northampton, England. It has North American facilities in Torrance, California; Indianapolis, Indiana; and Mooresville, North Carolina. It also has a facility in Pune, India. +Cosworth has had a long and well respected career in Formula One, beginning in 1963. Cosworth stepped away from Formula One for three years when no team decided to use their engines for . Cosworth returned to F1 in , suppling engines to Williams, HRT, Lotus, and Virgin. The first Formula One engines shipped in January. Cosworth's 176 wins make it the second most successful engine manufacturers in F1, after Ferrari. +Corporate history. +The company was founded as a British racing internal combustion engine maker in 1958 by Mike Costin and Keith Duckworth (1933-2005) The name Cosworth came by combining their last names. (COStin and duckWORTH). Even thought it was an independent company, it was supported by the Ford Motor Company for many years. Most of the Cosworth engines were named Ford engines. +The company went through a several ownership changes. The business was growing. Keith Duckworth did not want to run the day-to-day business. +Cosworth was sold to United Engineering Industries (UEI) in 1980. Duckworth remained as president for life, and technical involvement with Cosworth. He became a UEI board director. UEI was a group of small to medium-sized technology companies. +UEI was taken over by Carlton Communications in 1988. Carlton wanted some of the audio-visual companies that were part of UEI. Cosworth was a poor fit, so Carlton sold the Cosworth part off. +In 1990, Cosworth was sold to Vickers, a British engineering company. +In 1998, Cosworth was sold to Audi, which is a part of Volkswagen. Hours later, Audi sold the Cosworth Racing division to Ford. +In September, 2004 Ford announced that it was selling Cosworth, along with Cosworth Racing Ltd and its Jaguar Formula One team. On 15 November 2004, the sale of Cosworth was completed to Champ Car World Series owners Gerald Forsythe and Kevin Kalkhoven They are the current owners of the Cosworth Group. +The road car engine division of Cosworth was renamed Cosworth Technology. It was sold to MAHLE in 2005. Cosworth Technology was then renamed as MAHLE Powertrain on 1 July 2005. +Engines. +Association with Ford. +Cosworth has had a long relationship with the Ford Motor Company. This started when Cosworth started building racing engines in 1959. These engines were modified versions of the Inline-four Ford Kent engine for Formula Junior. Cosworth built a engine for the Lotus 7. and engines were built use in Formula B, sports car racing, and the Lotus Cortina. The final version of the Cosworth-Kent, in 1965, was the MAE. It was used in Formula 3 when engines were allowed. This was the dominate engine. +The FVA series. +The Cortina engine was also the basis for the FVA, a Formula Two engine introduced in 1966. This engine featured dual overhead camshafts with 16 valves. It produced at least at 9000 rpm. This engine dominated the category until 1971. It was also used in sports car racing as the FVC. The FVA was part of the same Ford contract that gave rise to the DFV. +A larger engine was built for endurance racing in the mid 1970s. The FVC displaced . The FVC produced only . +The DFV (Double Four Valve). +In 1966, Colin Chapman of Lotus Cars was the founder and principal of Team Lotus. He got Ford to finance Keith Duckworth's design for a new lightweight 3.0 litre Formula One engine. Cosworth received the order along with £100,000 from Ford. The contract told Duckworth to build a four-cylinder Ford-based F2 engine to prove it would work (see the FVA above). After that, a pure Cosworth V8 would be built. The DFV design used a similar cylinder head to the one on the FVA engine with custom cylinder block and crankcase. This created the legendary DFV - literally meaning "Double Four Valve". This engine, and its version were used for a quarter of a century. It was the most successful engine in the history of Formula One / Grand Prix motor racing. With 167 winning races it put Cosworth Engineering on the map. Although designed for Formula One, the engine has been modified for use in many other areas. +The DFV won on its first outing, at the 1967 Dutch Grand Prix. Jim Clark drove a Lotus 49 with the DFV engine. Starting in 1968, any F1 team could purchase the engine. During the 1970s, it was common for almost the entire field to use one of the DFV engines. Ferrari never used a Cosworth engine. Most teams just built a car around a Cosworth DFV and a Hewland gearbox. It won a record 155 World Championship races. The last was the Detroit Grand Prix in 1983 in a Tyrrell driven by Michele Alboreto. +The DFV with 410 horsepower did not produce as much power as some of its rival 12-cylinder engines. It was lighter, resulting in a better power to weight ratio. It was also a structural part of the car. +The DFY, introduced in 1982 was upgrade of the DFV for Formula One with 520 horsepower. While it produced more power, it no match for the turbocharged cars of the day. It was the advent of turbocharged engines which ended the use of the DFY. In 1986 Cosworth returned to the lower levels of racing. They modified the DFV for the newly created Formula 3000. The DFV remained in F3000 until 1992. +In Formula One, a new DFV-based design was introduced for the new rules in . 3.5 litre normally-aspirated (non-turbocharded) engines were allowed. In 1988 Cosworth built the DFR, which was used in F1 by the smaller teams until 1991. It scored its last points in 1990. +The DFV is still being used in Classic F1 racing. The FIA given them World Championship status in 2004. +DFV variants. +One of the most successful and longest-lived projects of Cosworth has been its CART / Champ Car engine program. In 1975, Cosworth developed the DFX engine. A turbocharged 2.65 litre engine, the DFX became the standard engine to run in IndyCar racing. It ending the reign of the Offenhauser, and maintaining that position until the late 1980s. +While designed as an F1 engine, the DFV was also used as in endurance racing. Its design led to vibrations putting stress on devices surrounding the engine. It was hard on the exhaust system. The first sports car to use a DFV failed to finish a single race because of repeated breakdowns. The DFV did win the 24 hours of Le Mans twice in its original 3.0 litre form. A special endurance version, the DFL, was then developed. The 3.3 litre was reliable. The 4.0 litre was largely remembered as a failure. +The GA V6. +A variant of the Ford Essex engine was developed for the Ford Capris. The Capris were raced in Group 2 in the early 1970s. This engine had a displacement of 3.4 L. The GA was also used in the last few years of Formula 5000 in Europe. +The FBA and FBC V6. +The FBA and FBC engines were found in the Ford Granada and Ford Scorpio Ultima. The FBA came first in 1991, and was also known as the 'BOA'. It was based on the Ford Cologne V6. It was a twin overhead camshaft with 24 valves, and produced 192 horsepower. In 1995, it was updated to produce 201 horsepower. This engine was known as the 'BOB'. +A racing version was also available for a short time. The FBE had individual throttle butterflies for each cylinder. The FBB and FBD engines were developed but never released. +The BDA series. +Cosworth increased its work with Ford in 1969. Cosworth developed a double overhead camshaft (DOHC) 16-valve inline four cylinder engine for road use in the European Ford Escort. Working from the Kent block, Cosworth created a 1.6 Litre engine for homologation (standarding) purposes. The camshafts were driven by a toothed timing belt. The name BDA, came from "Belt Drive, A type". Running in Group 2 and Group 4 on either rallying or touring car racing, this engine could be enlarged to 2.0 litres. The standard 1.6 L engine could be used in cars competing overall wins, not just first in class. +In 1970, the BDC version received fuel injection. In 1972, the 1.8 L BDA series was being used in Formula 2. In 1973, it went to 1.98 L as the BDG engine. The BDG also had an aluminum engine block. +Other versions of the engine were made for Formula Atlantic in 1970, and SCCA club racing and sports car racing. A 1.7 L BDR version was built in the 1980s. A 1.8 L BDT was built for the Escort RS1700T and the Ford RS2000. +A 2.14 L version was developed by Brian Hart just as Group B was canceled by the FIA. The Hart 420R owes much to the BDA series. It is basically an aluminum block version with similar cylinder heads. +In 1970, Ford asked Weslake and Co to build the BDA Engine for them, and by the end of 1970 the production line had been installed at Rye and production was under way. +The YB series. +The YB series of 2.0 L engines are based on the older Pinto engine block. They were introduced in the road-going Ford Sierra RS Cosworth in 1986 with 201 horsepower. Racing versions could develop about 400 horsepower. A limited edition version was introduced in 1987. The RS500 could produce 550 horsepower in full racing setup. +The YB series engine was replace in 1997, with the Zetec engine design. +Other Formula One engines. +Cosworth tested turbocharged BD version. They finally built an all-new turbocharged 1.5 L V6 engine. This engine was badged (named) the Ford TEC. Inside Cosworth, it was known as the GB-series. This engine had a long development history. It only raced only for a short time. In was used by the Haas Lola team in and the Benetton Formula team in . +The final replacement for the DFV/DFZ/DFR series was the 3.5 L HB V8 engine. It was used by the Benetton team midway through 1989. It won the Japanese Grand Prix that year. This engine had a narrower v-angle than the DFV. +As the works (factory supported) team, Benetton was the only team to use this model through the rest of and . In , customer units became available. The customer engines did not have all the updates the works engines did. In 1991, these engines were supplied to the new Jordan Grand Prix team. In 1992, they went to Team Lotus. 1993 saw McLaren added to the customer engine deal. McLaren won five Grands Prix with Ayrton Senna that year. A new Cosworth unit, badged as a Ford Zetec-R was built in 1994. That year, Michael Schumacher won the Drivers World Championship with Benetton. This was the last Ford powered F1 title. +A Jaguar-badged version of the HB was used for a short time in sports car racing with the Jaguar XJR-14. Cosworth also developed a 72° V10 engine for the Sauber Formula One team. It was baged as a Ford engine. +Cosworth has made several 3.0 L V10 engines for other Formula One teams. The Stewart Grand Prix team basically became the Ford works team. They used Cosworth CR-1 engines from their first season in 1997. Stewart became Jaguar Racing which became Red Bull Racing. They used Cosworth V10 engines until 2006. Minardi also used re-badged Cosworth engines until 2005. +Williams began using the new CA2006 Cosworth V8 engines for the 2006 season. In the same year, Scuderia Toro Rosso used detuned V10 engines based on the 2005 units. +In 2007, Williams and Scuderia Torro Rosso both switched to other engines. This left Cosworth out of Formula one for three years. Honda left F1 in December 2008. This led to Cosworth being selected to provide a standard engine to any interested team. Teams could purchase entire engines, or build their own from the Cosworth designs. +In 2010 Cosworth returned as the engine supplier for Williams. They also supplied three new teams; Hispania Racing, Lotus Racing and Virgin Racing. The CA2010 is the same 2.4 litre V8 base of the CA2006 used by Williams. It has been re-tuned from 20,000 rpm to the current 18,000 rpm limit required on all engines. The first engines were shipped to teams in mid-January, 2 weeks prior to first track testing for the year. +Other IndyCar and Champ Car engines. +Cosworth needed to replace the DFS engines used in IndyCar and Champ Car racing. Cosworth designed the X-series, beginning in 1992 with the XB. The XF was built for the 2000 season to replace the XD. It was picked as the spec engine for the Champ Car World Series in 2003. The most recent version is the 2.65 litre XFE, used through 2007. The Champ Car World Series set a rev limit of 12,000 rpm. The 2004 model of the XFE was rated at 750 horsepower for normal running. It could produce 800 horsepower during the "Push-to-Pass" mode. +In mid 2003, Cosworth provided the 3.5L V8 XG badged as a Chevrolet Gen 4 engine to IRL IndyCar Series teams. The XG finished 2nd in its first race at Michigan on 27 July 2003. Sam Hornish, Jr. went on to win 3 races that season with the new XG. The XG was reduced in size to 3L for 2004 season. It won one race in 2005 during Chevrolet's final season in IRL. +In 2007, the Ford name was removed from the XFE engine. The Champ Car World Series merged into the Indy Racing League IndyCar Series prior to the 2008 season. Cosworth does not currently provide engines to any American open wheel racing series. +Formula Atlantic engines. +These are 300 horsepower 2.3 L inline-four engines based on the Mazda MZR engine. A detuned (reduced power) 250 horsepower version is sold to the consumer market. This version is intended for club racers. Both engines are built by Cosworth in Torrance, California. +Road engines. +Cosworth is best known in Europe for its relationship with Ford. Cosworth is in the vehicle name on the high performance Ford Sierra RS Cosworth and Ford Escort RS Cosworth. +In the United States, Cosworth has also appeared in the name of a road car, the Chevrolet Vega. Only 3,508 1975 and 1976 Cosworth Vegas were built. The engine featured the Vega sleeveless, aluminum-alloy block fitted with forged components. The twin-cam, 16 valve, aluminum cylinder head design was assisted by Cosworth. The engine featured electronic ignition, electronic fuel injection, and stainless steel headers. The final US version produced 110 bhp. Cosworth's EA racing version was not successful due to engine block structural failures. Projected sales of the Cosworth Vega had been 5,000. The 1500 unused hand-built Cosworth Vega engines were simply scrapped for lack of demand. +Cosworth became involved with Mercedes-Benz in the mid-1980s. Mercedes-Benz wanted to create a Group B rally car. They turned to Cosworth to development the engine. +Mercedes wanted a 320 bhp engine based on the 136 bhp Mercedes M102 2.3 litre 4-cylinder engine. The task was given to Mike Hall, who design the famed DFV and BDA engines. Designed around the existing M102 engine, its valves set a 45° angle, rather than the 40° of the BDA. The valves were the biggest that could be fitted into the combustion chamber. Flat top pistons gave a 10.5:1 compression ratio. The new Cosworth WAA engine also was Cosworth’s first one-piece head. The camshaft carrier was cast with the head itself. +Cosworth F1 car. +Cosworth tried to design a full Formula One Grand Prix car in 1969. The car was designed by Robin Herd. It used a new design of a 4WD transmission designed by Keith Duckworth. This transmission was different from the Ferguson transmission used by all other 4WD F1 cars of the 1960s. It was powered by a version of the DFV engine built out of magnesium. The plan was to drive the car at the British Grand Prix. Cosworth withdrew the car without any explanation. Herd left Cosworth to form March Engineering. The F1 car project was canceled. The external design of the car was Herd's use of Mallite sheeting. Mallite is a product made from layers of wood and aluminum. The Mallite was for the main structural monocoque (car body) sections. This is a procedure he developed on the first McLaren single-seat race cars, including the McLaren M2B of 1966. + += = = Carbon tetrachloride = = = +Carbon tetrachloride, also known as carbon tet for short or tetrachloromethane, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is CCl4. It contains carbon in its +4 oxidation state and chloride ions. It is a colourless heavy liquid. +Properties. +It is a colorless liquid. It smells like chloroform. It evaporates quite quickly. It can dissolve fats and oils as well as other substances including iodine. It does not burn, but it does make phosgene when heated to a very high temperature. +Preparation. +It is made by reacting methane with chlorine. This reaction is similar to the burning of methane (reaction of methane with oxygen). Hydrogen chloride, chloromethane, dichloromethane and chloroform are byproducts (left over substances). It used to be made by reacting carbon disulfide with chlorine. This reaction would produce sulfur(I) chloride. +Uses. +The uses of carbon tetrachloride have diminished lately, because it is known to be damage people's health. People think it might damage the ozone layer. Today, it is rarely used for anything. +Previously, was used in fire extinguishers. It was also used to make freon, used in dry cleaning and as a refrigerant. +Safety. +Carbon tetrachloride is very poisonous to the liver, the kidneys and the nervous system; it might also cause cancer. Carbon tetrachloride converts to phosgene (an extremely poisonous gas) at very high temperatures like fire conditions. In the days when it was used as a fire extinguisher, this problem was very common and caused deaths. + += = = Freon = = = +Freon is a word for certain chemical compounds, often used as refrigerants. Thomas Midgley, Jr. invented using Freon as a refrigerant. "Freon" is a registered trademark of DuPont. Freon was first used to describe chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) refrigerants, but it is now used to describe many other kinds of chemicals used as refrigerant. Refrigerants may contain carbon, chlorine, fluorine and sometimes bromine. For example, Freon 10 is carbon tetrachloride. Many kinds of freon are not toxic to animals. They also are cheap and work well. However, most refrigerants can reduce the amount of ozone from the upper atmosphere. Reducing ozone lets more ultraviolet light to come through. Too much ultraviolet light can cause skin cancer and cataracts, and can kill off plankton in the oceans. +The chlorine part of CFC refrigerants can reduce ozone. Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) can also damage ozone. Newer Hydrofulorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants do not have chlorine in them and do not reduce ozone in the atmosphere. Most refrigerants also increase global warming because they are powerful greenhouse gasses. These refrigerants increase global warming thousands of times more than carbon dioxide (CO2). + += = = Refrigerant = = = +A refrigerant is a chemical substance that is found in an air conditioner, a refrigerator, and in other refrigeration equipment. Refrigerants are chosen for the ease of converting them from liquid to vapor or vice versa, depending on their temperature and pressure. Most refrigerants in their liquid state will evaporate very fast if at atmospheric pressure. They can be classed as CFC, HCFC, HFC, HC, or HFO along with less common types. +In refrigeration equipment, a refrigerant vapor is compressed by a compressor. Compression makes it hot. It enters a condenser, where it condenses into a liquid. The refrigerant then passes through a part called a metering device, or an expansion device (there are several types of this part) where the pressure is reduced to a point where the liquid begins to boil. At this point, the refrigerant is very cold and it enters an evaporator, where it absorbs heat from the air passing over it. By the time the refrigerant leaves the evaporator, it is all a vapor again, and it goes back to the compressor where the cycle begins again. This is called the refrigeration cycle. This is one example of the use of a refrigerant, in a residential air conditioning system. +Phase out of chlorine-based refrigerants. +Older chlorine based refrigerants such as R22 have been phased out due to ozone depletion. The chlorine molecule in them was found to be depleting the ozone molecules in the atmosphere. As a result, the Montreal Protocol has been adopted. The treaty bans the production of CFCs, halons as and other ozone-depleting chemicals such as carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethane. + += = = 2010 Canterbury earthquake = = = +The 2010 Canterbury earthquake was a powerful 7.1 magnitude earthquake, which struck the South Island of New Zealand at 4:35 am September 4, 2010 local time (16:35 3 September UTC). +It was centred 40 km west of Christchurch, near the town of Darfield, at a depth of 10 km. Strong aftershocks were reported, including ones of magnitude 5.3. +The main quake was felt widely across the South Island, and in the North Island as far north as New Plymouth. +It caused a lot of damage and cut off power and water supply, mainly in the city of Christchurch. Two people were seriously injured. The quake caused damage to historic buildings in Lyttelton, near Christchurch, including a church and parts of a hotel. Businesses in the city centre were closed the day of the quake. The total cost of damages may be as high as NZ$2 billion. +A state of emergency was declared by Civil Defence for Christchurch and the Selwyn District. +Geological background. +New Zealand sits on the boundary between the Australian and Pacific plates. In the South Island, these plates mainly slide past each other horizontally, producing earthquakes along fault lines such as the Alpine fault. The 2010 earthquake was centred about 80–90 km to the southeast of the plate boundary through the island, probably on one of a network of smaller faults linked to the main faults that mark the plate boundary itself. + += = = William Langland = = = +William Langland (c. 1332 – c. 1386) was an English poet. He wrote a long and complicated poem called Piers Plowman. The poem is an allegory about the difficulty of leading a good Christian life when the institution of the Church is often corrupt. +We do not know for sure that this poem was written by Langland. The strongest evidence we have is one manuscript which says that the poem was written by 'Willielmi de Langlond', son of 'Stacy de Rokayle, who died in Shipton-under-Wichwood, a tenant of the Lord Spenser in the county of Oxfordshire'. Other manuscripts also name the author as 'Robert or William langland', or 'Wilhelmus W.' (probably an abbreviation for 'William of Wichwood', since Wychwood is the village he probably came from). Another piece of evidence is within the poem itself. At one stage the narrator says: 'I have lyved in londe...my name is longe wille'. Scholars agree that this is a code for the poet's name: Longe-Land, and Wille meaning Will, short for William. This may seem unlikely, but this method of hiding the poet's name within a poem was used in Roman times, and was quite common in late-medieval literature. + += = = Alexandra David-Néel = = = +Alexandra David-Néel (full name Louise Eugénie Alexandrine Marie David) born in Saint-Mandé, Val-de-Marne on 24 October 1868, and died in Digne-les-Bains, on 8 September 1969. She was a Belgian-French explorer. + += = = Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford = = = +Christ Church Cathedral is the cathedral of the diocese of Oxford, which includes the City of Oxford and the surrounding countryside as far north as Banbury. It is also, uniquely, the chapel of Christ Church, the largest college of the University of Oxford. +History. +The cathedral was originally the church of St Frideswide's Priory. +In 1522, the priory was surrendered to Cardinal Wolsey, who chose it as the site for his proposed college. However, in 1529 it was taken over by King Henry VIII. Work stopped, but in June 1532 the college was refounded by the King. In 1546, Henry VIII transferred to it from Osney Abbey to the see of Oxford. The cathedral has the name of "Ecclesia Christi Cathedralis Oxoniensis", given to it by King Henry VIII's foundation charter. +Architecture. +The nave, choir, central tower, and transepts (as far as the roofs) are late Norman, and were probably erected during the lifetime of Canutus, the second prior, in the 12th century. As a whole the cathedral contains examples of the various styles from late Norman to Perpendicular. +Not the smallest. +Once this was the smallest cathedral in England. But according to their website, this has changed: +Miscellany. +Cathedral (or Christ Church) Time is traditionally five minutes behind Greenwich Mean Time. This dates back to the days before the railways when each region of the country kept to its own local time. Hence what is now called Cathedral Time is a survival of old Oxford Time. + += = = Tattva = = = +Tattva is a Sanskrit word that means 'thatness', 'principle', 'reality' or 'truth'. According to many Indian schools of philosophy, a tattva is an element or aspect of reality conceived as an aspect of deity. + += = = Mahābhūta = = = +Mahābhūta is Sanskrit and Pāli for "great element." In Buddhism, the "four great elements" (Pali: cattāro mahābhūtāni) are earth, water, fire and air. Hinduism adds a fifth "great" or "gross" element: ether. + += = = Cyma Zarghami = = = +Cyma Zarghami is an Iranian-American cable television executive and the current president of the TV channel Nickelodeon and the MTV Networks' Kids & Family Group. + += = = Coccyx = = = +The coccyx is a set of bones that are fused together (joined up). It is found at the base of the vertebral column. This collection of bones is often called the tailbone. At birth, these bones are separate. These bones do not contain cartilage between them. + += = = Småland = = = +Småland is a historical province ("landskap") in southern Sweden. +Småland borders the provinces Blekinge, Scania or Skåne, Halland, Västergötland, Östergötland and the island Öland in the Baltic Sea. The name Småland literally means "Small lands". The latinized form "Smolandia" has been used in other languages. The highest summit in Småland is Tomtabacken with its 377 m. +Swedish writer Astrid Lindgren comes from Småland, and many of her stories are also set there. Famous Swedish expresseions are "Mörkaste Småland" ("Darkest Småland") and "För allt smör i Småland" ("For All Butter in Småland"). + += = = Åryd, Växjö Municipality = = = +Åryd is a locality in Växjö Municipality in Kronoberg County in Sweden. In 2010, 684 people lived there. Swedish singer and Melodifestivalen 1995 contestant Jessica G. Pilnäs was born in Åryd. + += = = Typhoon Kompasu (2010) = = = +Typhoon Kompasu was noticed on August 28, the United States Air Force base in Okinawa, Japan, began preparing for what was then Tropical Storm 08W. Tropical Cyclone Condition of Readiness (TCCOR) level three was issued the following morning. By August 30, forecasts showed that a strengthening storm would strike the area, possibly bringing winds in excess of . Following this, the TCCOR level was increased to two. For the first time in over three years, TCCOR level one was declared on August 31. Military personnel and residents across the island were urged to complete their preparations and remain indoors for the duration of the typhoon. During the storm's passage on August 31, the highest warning level, TCCOR One-E (emergency) was declared. Following Kompasu's passage, the emergency warning was changed to recovery as conditions improved. +Throughout Okinawa, Kompasu brought strong winds and heavy rains, leaving an estimated 32,000 residences without power. The highest rainfall total was measured in Motobu at . Winds in excess of felled a 300-year-old tree. The Sion Pine Tree was the last of its kind on the island and was once the symbol of the northern Okinawa Region. The Okuma Recreation Facility sustained substantial damage and was closed to the public for at least a week. According to United States Air Force captain Adam Vaccarezza, concrete towers fell during the storm. Although Kompasu was a strong typhoon when it passed over Okinawa, no loss of life took place; however, five people were injured. Some homes sustained roof damage across the region, prompting a few evacuations. Additionally, Kompasu resulted in the cancellation of 432 flights to and from the island chain, stranding 57,126 people. + += = = Yu Myung-hwan = = = +Yu Myung-hwan (born April 8, 1946) is a South Korean diplomat, he was Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade from February 2008 to September.4 2010. His resigntation was caused when his daughter was givent a job in his department . He has previously held posts including Ambassador to Israel, Japan and the Philippines. Yu is a graduate of Seoul National University. + += = = Kosovo national football team = = = +Kosovo national football team is the national football team of Kosovo. + += = = Greenland national football team = = = +Greenland national football team is the national football team of Greenland. + += = = Gibraltar national football team = = = +Gibraltar national football team is the national football team of Gibraltar. The team joined UEFA in May of 2013 and played their first match against Slovakia on 19 November 2013. They were also accepted into FIFA on 13 May 2016. So far, they have not qualified for any major tournament. + += = = The Vicar of Dibley = = = +The Vicar of Dibley is a British sitcom that was shown on BBC One between 1994 and 2007. It starred Dawn French as Geraldine Granger, the new female vicar of Dibley, Oxfordshire. + += = = Alphaville = = = +Alphaville is a German synthpop group which gained popularity in the 1980s. The founding members were Marian Gold (real name "Hartwig Schierbaum", born 26 May 1954 in Herford), Bernhard Lloyd (real name "Bernhard Gößling", born 6 June 1960 in Enger, North Rhine-Westphalia), and Frank Mertens (real name "Frank Sorgatz", born 26 October 1961 in Enger, North Rhine-Westphalia). +The band was at first named Forever Young before changing to Alphaville. They are best known for their two biggest hits, "Big in Japan" and "Forever Young". + += = = Emerald Coast = = = +The Emerald Coast is an area in the US state of Florida on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, roughly bounded by Pensacola, Florida on the west and Port St. Joe, Florida on the east. + += = = List of people from Florida = = = +This List of people from Florida includes notable people who were born, raised or lived in the state of Florida for a significant part of their lives. + += = = Latina = = = +Latina may refer to: + += = = Iberian Cup = = = +The Iberian Cup was a football game between the champions teams of Spain and Portugal. + += = = Chula Vista, California = = = +Chula Vista (; , due to its scenic location between the San Diego Bay and coastal mountain foothills) is the second largest city in the San Diego metropolitan area as well as the 7th largest city in Southern California. In 2020, 275,487 people lived in Chula Vista. +Economy. +According to the city's 2021 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: +Transportation. +Local area freeways. +Local area freeways in within the city of Chula Vista include +Arterial streets. +East-West arterials +North-South arterials + += = = Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious = = = +Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious () is an English word, with 34 letters, that was a song with the same title in the Disney musical movie "Mary Poppins". The song was written by the Sherman Brothers, and sung by Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke. It also appears in the stage show version of Mary Poppins. +The writers of the "Oxford English Dictionary" think that the word "supercalifragilisticexpialidocious" was first used in the 1940s. The word is a compound word, and said by Richard Lederer in his book "Crazy English" to be made up of these words: super- "above", cali- "beauty", fragilistic- "delicate", expiali- "to atone", and -docious "educable", with all of these parts combined meaning "Atoning for educability through delicate beauty." According to the movie, in which the word became widely used, the word is "something to say when you have nothing to say". However, a lot of people think the word means "extraordinarily good" or "wonderful" because all mentions of the word in the movie can be thought of as good. + += = = Nogales, Arizona = = = +Nogales is a city in Santa Cruz County, Arizona, United States. The population was 19,770 at the 2020 census. The city is the county seat of Santa Cruz County. + += = = Mount Olivet Cemetery (Chicago) = = = +Mount Olivet Cemetery is a Roman Catholic cemetery in Chicago, Illinois. The cemetery is at 2755 West 111th St. +There are over 142,200 people buried at the cemetery. The cemetery is 93 acres in size. It became one of the first major area cemeteries to become full before more land was purchased on its east side. +Mount Olivet was the first burial place of Al Capone, who was put between the graves of his father and brother. A few years after his mother's death, the remains of all three men were moved to Mount Carmel Cemetery in Hillside, Illinois. +Related pages. +Cemeteries in Chicago: + += = = Dominici = = = +Dominici is a progressive metal band that started in 2005 by former Dream Theater vocalist, Charlie Dominici. Their only published works are the three albums that make up the . +Dominici also opened for three Dream Theater concerts, during Dream Theater's "Chaos in Motion Tour." + += = = Pinball = = = +Pinball is a type of arcade game. In pinball, the player tries to score points by manipulating one or more metal balls on a playfield inside a glass-covered case called a pinball machine. The main objective of the game is to score as many points as the player can. Other objectives are to play as long as possible (by earning "extra balls" and keeping the ball in play as long as possible) and to earn free games (known as "replays"). +From the 1940s through the 1970s pinball was banned in many American cities because it was thought to be a game of chance and therefore was considered gambling. The ban stopped in New York City in 1976, when Roger Sharpe, a player renowned for his talent, played so well in front of the City Council that he convinced them that pinball was indeed a game of skill, not just of luck. + += = = Avebury = = = +Avebury is the site of the largest ancient monument in Great Britain. It consists of a large henge, several stone circles, stone avenues and barrows. The main henge and stone circle surrounds the village of Avebury in the English county of Wiltshire. +Avebury is one of the finest and largest Neolithic monuments in Europe, about 5,000 years old. Although older than the megalithic stages of Stonehenge to the south, the two monuments were made by people of the same culture. +At , Avebury is roughly midway between the towns of Marlborough and Calne, just off the main A4 road. Avebury is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, a World Heritage Site, and a National Trust property. +On the World Heritage list, Avebury and Stonehenge are listed together as 'Avebury, Stonehenge and Associated Sites'. However, Stonehenge is really a different site built at a different time. +Monument. +Most of the surviving structure is composed of earthworks, known as the dykes, consisting of a massive ditch and external bank henge. Although the henge is not perfectly circular, it has a diameter of about . The only known comparable sites of similar date are only a quarter of the size of Avebury. The ditch alone was 21 metres (69 ft) wide and 11 metres (36 ft) deep, with a sample from its primary fill carbon dated to 3300 - 2630 BC (4300+/-90). +Within the henge is a great outer circle. This is one of Europe's largest stone circles, with a diameter of , Britain's largest stone circle. It was either contemporary with, or built around four or five centuries after the earthworks. There were originally 98 sarsen standing stones, some weighing over 40 tons. The stones varied in height from 3.6 to 4.2 m, as exemplified at the north and south entrances. The fill from two of the stoneholes has been carbon dated to between 2900 and 2600 BC (3870+/-90, 4130+/-90) +Nearer the middle of the monument are two additional, separate stone circles. The northern inner ring is in diameter, but only two of its four standing stones remain upright. A cove of three stones stood in the middle, its entrance facing northeast. The southern inner ring was in diameter before its destruction in the eighteenth century. The remaining sections of its arc now lie beneath the village buildings. A single large monolith, high, stood in the centre along with an alignment of smaller stones. +The West Kennet Avenue, an avenue of paired stones, leads from the southeastern entrance of the henge; and traces of a second, the Beckhampton Avenue, lead out from the western entrance. +Findings of archaeological geophysics suggests that a timber circle of two concentric rings stood in the northeast sector of the outer circle. This has not yet been confirmed by excavation. A ploughed barrow is visible from the air in the northwestern quadrant. +The henge had four opposing entrances, two on a north by northwest and south by southeast line, and two on an east by northeast and west by southwest line. + += = = Henge = = = +A henge is a Neolithic earthwork. Henges are typical of the British Isles (for example Stonehenge), but there are a few similar structures in continental Europe. +Henges have a ring bank and ditch. They are not thought to be primarily defensive, because their ditch is inside the wall or rampart. For defence, it would seem better to have the ditch outside the bank. That way, attackers would need to climb up further. Their function is thought to be mainly ceremonial. This is discussed often in relation to Stonehenge. +Henges are divided into three types: + += = = Carnac stones = = = +The Carnac stones are the largest collection of megalithic standing stones in the world. The more than 3,000 prehistoric standing stones were cut from local rock and erected by the pre-Celtic people of Brittany. +The stones were erected at some stage during the Neolithic period, probably around 3300 BC, but some may be as old as 4500 BC. The stones occur in a number of Neolithic sites around the French village of Carnac, in Brittany. They include rows of stones (alignments), dolmens, tumuli and single menhirs. +In recent centuries, many of the sites have been neglected, with reports of dolmens being used as sheep shelters, chicken sheds or even ovens. Stones have been removed to make way for roads, or used as building materials. The management of the sites is a controversial topic. +Alignments. +There are three major groups of stone rows — "Ménec", "Kermario" and "Kerlescan" — which may have once formed a single group, but have been split up as stones were removed for other purposes. +Ménec alignments. +Eleven converging rows of menhirs stretching for . There is what may be the remains of stone circles at either end. According to the tourist office there is a "cromlech containing 71 stone blocks" at the western end and a very ruined cromlech at the eastern end. The largest stones, around high, are at the wider, western end; the stones then become as small as 0.6m high along the length of the alignment before growing in height again toward the extreme eastern end. +Kermario alignment. +This fan-like layout recurs a little further along to the east in the "Kermario" alignment. It consists of 1029 stones in ten columns, about in length. A stone circle to the east end, where the stones are shorter, was revealed by aerial photography. +Kerlescan alignments. +A smaller group of 555 stones, further to the east of the other two sites. It is composed of 13 lines with a total length of about , ranging in height from to . At the extreme west, where the stones are tallest, there is a stone circle which has 39 stones. There may also be another stone circle to the north. +Petit-Ménec alignments. +A much smaller group, further east again of Kerlescan, falling within the commune of La Trinité-sur-Mer. These are now set in woods, and most are covered with moss and ivy. +Tumuli. +There are several tumuli, mounds of earth built up over a grave. In this area, they generally feature a passage leading to a central chamber which once held neolithic artefacts. +Saint-Michel. +The tumulus of Saint-Michel was constructed between 5000 BC and 3400 BC. At its base it is , and is high. It required of stone and earth. Its function was the same as that of the pyramids of Egypt: a tomb for the members of the ruling class. It contained various funerary objects, such as 15 stone chests, pottery, jewellery, most of which are currently held by the Museum of Prehistory of Carnac. It was excavated in 1862 by René Galles with a series of vertical pits, digging down . Le Rouzic also excavated it between 1900 and 1907 discovering the tomb and the stone chests. +A chapel was built on top in 1663 but was rebuilt in 1813, before being destroyed in 1923. The current building is an identical reconstruction of the 1663 chapel, built in 1926. +Moustoir. +Also known as "Er Mané", it is a chamber tomb long, wide, and high. It has a dolmen at the west end, and two tombs at the east end. A small menhir, approximately high, is nearby. +Dolmens. +There are several dolmens scattered around the area. These dolmens are generally considered to have been tombs, however the acidic soil of Brittany has eroded away the bones. They were constructed with several large stones supporting a "capstone", then buried under a mound of earth. In many cases, the mound is no longer present, sometimes due to archeological excavation, and only the large stones remain, in various states of ruin. +Other formations. +There are some individual menhirs and at least one other formation which do not fit into the above categories. +"Manio" quadrilateral. +An arrangement of stones to form the perimeter of a large rectangle. Originally a "tertre tumulus" with a central mound, it is long, and aligned to east of northeast. The quadrilateral is wide to the east, but only wide at the west. +"Manio" giant. +Near the quadrilateral is a single massive menhir, now known as the "Giant". Over tall, it was re-erected around 1900 by Zacharie Le Rouzic, and overlooks the nearby Kerlescan alignment. + += = = Mike Douglas = = = +Mike Douglas, born Michael Delaney Dowd, Jr. (August 11, 1920 – August 11, 2006) was an American entertainer. +Early life and career. +Douglas was born in Chicago, Illinois, and began singing as a choirboy. He was singing on a Lake Michigan dinner cruise ship when he was a teenager. After being in the United States Navy for a short time, he moved to Los Angeles. He was on the Ginny Simms radio show. Then, he became a singer in the big band of Kay Kyser. +In 1950, he was the singing voice of Prince Charming in Walt Disney's "Cinderella". +In the 1950s Douglas, who was living in Burbank, California, tried to keep his singing job going. He did not change to rock and roll, which shortened his chances of being a singer as big band music was becoming less popular. In the hardest years, he and his wife got by "flipping" their Los Angeles homes. +Talk show. +He next showed up in 1961 in Cleveland, where a Chicago friend hired him for $400 a week as an afternoon television host at WKYC-TV. "The Mike Douglas Show" quickly got popular and had national broadcasting in August 1963. +Many famous people were on the show. For example, Truman Capote, The Rolling Stones,Herman's Hermits and Kiss were on the show. The show helped show entertainers for the first time, like Barbra Streisand and Aretha Franklin. After the move to Philadelphia, Douglas tried to sing again, but it did not work work well. +By 1967, "The Mike Douglas Show" had 6,000,000 viewers each day, mostly women. It earned $10.5 million from advertisers. Douglas was paid more than $500,000. In 1967, the program got the first Emmy Award for Individual Achievement in Daytime Television from the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Most weeks, Douglas would be joined by a co-host, like John Lennon & Yoko Ono, and Anne Baxter. The show went off the air in 1980. +Death. +He came down with prostate cancer in 1990, but after surgery he was cancer-free. Douglas died in August 11, 2006, on his 86th birthday from complications of dehydration. +His wife Genevieve, daughters Kelly and twins Michele and Christine lived after him. + += = = Muckrakers = = = +Muckrakers was a term for the group of people who wrote books and newspaper articles in the United States around 1900. Most of their books were about showing how bad things were in "Gilded Age" in America. Some things they wrote about were the power of big business, unclean practices in factories, and the condition of poor people. The books the Muckrakers wrote led to changes in America during the Progressive Era, such as the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 and the breakup of the Standard Oil company. +The following people were among the Muckrakers: + += = = Renata Tebaldi = = = +Renata Tebaldi (February 1, 1922 - December 19, 2004) was an Italian operatic soprano and one of the leading lyric-dramatic sopranos of the postwar period. She possessed a voice of great beauty and considerable power which she used with unfailing musicianship and style. +Life and career. +Born in Pesaro, Italy, she studied first at the Parma Conservatory with Branducci and Campogaliani, and at the Pesaro Conservatory with Carmen Melis and Giuseppe Pais. She made her debut in Rovigno in 1944, as Elena in "Mefistofele". +She was chosen by conductor Arturo Toscanini to sing at the reopening of La Scala in Milan in 1946, where she sang until 1954. She also appeared at all the major opera houses of Italy. +She then began singing abroad and made her debut at the Royal Opera House in 1950, at the Paris Opéra in 1951, and at the Metropolitan Opera in 1955, where she was to sing regularly until 1973. She also appeared in San Francisco, Buenos Aires, Rio de Janeiro, etc. +She was particularly admired in operas like Verdi's "La forza del destino", "Aida", "Otello", Puccini's "Manon Lescaut", "La bohème", "Tosca", "Madama Butterfly", Ponchielli's "La Gioconda", Boito's "Mefistofele", Giordano's "Andrea Chénier", Cilea's "Adriana Lecouvreur", Catalini's "La Wally". +Renata Tebaldi retired from the stage in 1977. She died at her home in San Marino, at the age of 82. +The so-called rivalry between Tebaldi and soprano Maria Callas was mostly fueled by admirers of these two singers and by the press. + += = = Lincoln Heights Jail = = = +Lincoln Heights Jail was a jail building in Lincoln Heights. It closed in 1954. It is said to be haunted. The jail is sometimes used as a movie set. It was used to make parts of the music video for "Telephone" by Lady Gaga. + += = = Br'er Rabbit = = = +Br'er Rabbit (also spelled Bre'r Rabbit or Brer Rabbit or Bruh Rabbit, with the title "Br'er" ) is an important character in the Uncle Remus stories in the Southern United States. He is a tricky character, and usually wins or escapes because he is clever, not because he is strong. +Br'er Rabbit came from both African and Cherokee cultures. Disney later used the character for their "The Song of the South". +In a Cherokee story, "the fox and the wolf throw the trickster rabbit into a thicket from which the rabbit quickly escapes." There was a "melding (mixing) of the Cherokee rabbit-trickster ... into the culture of African slaves." "In fact, most of the Br'er Rabbit stories originated in (came from) Cherokee myths." + += = = Madison County, Florida = = = +Madison County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida, and was formed on December 26, 1827. As of 2020, 17,968 people lived there. Its county seat is Madison. + += = = Flag of Sweden = = = +The flag of Sweden is a yellow cross on a blue background. It was adopted on June 22, 1906. + += = = Hisingen = = = +Hisingen is an island on the west coast of Sweden. It has an area of . It is Sweden's fourth biggest island, but its most populated island. It is north of Gothenburg. Göteborg City Airport is there. + += = = Göteborg City Airport = = = +Gothenburg City Airport or Göteborg City Airport is an airport on Hisingen above Gothenburg, Sweden. It was opened in 1940. It is the eighth biggest airport in Sweden, after Luleå Airport. + += = = Nebraska Cornhuskers football = = = +The Nebraska Cornhuskers are the athletic football team of The University of Nebraska and they play in the Big 12 Conference. They will play in the Big Ten Conference at the beginning of the 2011-2012 season. The current head coach of Cornhuskers is Bo Pelini and he is in his 3rd year with them. The Cornhuskers play at Memorial Stadium, Lincoln which seats about 81,067. The Cornhuskers have won 24 bowl games. The Cornhuskers have two retired jersey numbers #60 for Tom Novak and #64 for Bob Brown. + += = = Over-the-counter drug = = = +Over-the-counter drugs (OTC) are drugs that do not need a prescription to be bought. When they are properly used, these drugs do not put the health of the patient in danger. Many OTC drug ingredients which were prescription drugs are now considered safe enough for use without a prescription. In many countries, there are special government agencies that regulate OTC drugs, such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Drug Enforcement Administration in the United States. Certain drugs are classified as over-the counter drugs, but may only be given by a pharmacist. This is often the case with emergency contraception medicine. It may also be the case that a small packet of a certain drug is available over the counter, but that larger packets require a prescription. + += = = Fabian Washington = = = +Fabian Washington (born June 9, 1983 in Bradenton, Florida) is an American former professional football cornerback. He played a total of 6 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Oakland Raiders and Baltimore Ravens. Washington was drafted out of the University of Nebraska by the Baltimore Ravens with the 23rd pick in the first round of the 2005 NFL Draft. +On July 31, 2011, he signed a contract with the New Orleans Saints. On September 1, 2011, Washington suffered a hamstring injury and was placed on injured reserve. He was released from the New Orleans Saints practice squad on September 13, 2011. + += = = Heart of Neolithic Orkney = = = +Heart of Neolithic Orkney refers to a group of Neolithic monuments found on Mainland, one of the islands of Orkney, Scotland. The name was adopted by UNESCO when it proclaimed these sites as a World Heritage Site in 1999. +There are five sites on Mainland: + += = = Acrostic = = = +An acrostic is a poem or other form of writing. In an acrostic, the first letter, syllable, or word of every line, paragraph, or other feature spells out a word or a message. It can be used to remember things. For example, Edgar Allan Poe wrote an acrostic poem in English: +<poem style="margin-left: 2em"> +Elizabeth it is in vain you say +"Love not" — thou sayest it in so sweet a way: +In vain those words from thee or L.E.L. +Zantippe's talents had enforced so well: +Ah! if that language from thy heart arise, +Breath it less gently forth — and veil thine eyes. +Endymion, recollect, when Luna tried +To cure his love — was cured of all beside — +His follie — pride — and passion — for he died. +</poem> +The first letters of each line (E, L, I, Z, A, B, E, T, H) spell out "Elizabeth". + += = = List of literary terms = = = +List of literary terms: in alphabetical order. +A. +Abecedarius. +An abecedarius is an acrostic where the first letter of every word or verse follows the order of the alphabet. For example, in the sentence A +Acrostic. +A form of writing where the first letter of each line, paragraph, or verse spells out a word or a message. +Allegory. +A story or picture with two or more different meanings – a literal meaning and one or more symbolic meanings. The setting, characters, and things that happen inside an allegory are symbols for ideas or qualities. +Alliteration. +The repeating of consonant sounds. The repetition can be put side by side (for example, ""sleepy sun sank slowly over the sea")." +Allusion. +A figure of speech which refers indirectly to a situation, and leaves the reader (or audience) to make the connection. +Analogy. +New words, ideas, or pronunciations become like the pattern of older or more familiar ones. Comparing two different things. The purpose of an analogy is to describe something unfamiliar or new with something that is more familiar. +Antagonist. +The character who the main character has the most conflict with. The antagonist is not always a person or animal, however: for example, the main character could have the most conflict against nature. +Anecdote. +A short and humorous (funny) story about a real event or person. +Antihero. +A protagonist who does not have many heroic qualities. For example, Tom Jones in Henry Fielding's book "Tom Jones" is an antihero. Sometimes antagonists who are surprisingly likable are called antiheroes, too. +Antonym. +A word that is the opposite of another. (example: Love,Hate). +Archetype. +The good example, pattern, blueprint, or model of a type or group. All other things of the same kind are made from this. +Argumentation. +The conversation or discourse in which the writer logically presents an argument. It sometimes has the same meaning as persuasion. +Aside. +In a play, an aside is a speech that the actor says in a way that the other characters are supposed not to hear it. It usually shows the person's inner thoughts. Similar to the function of the ancient Greek chorus. +Autobiography. +A non-fiction story that describes ones life, written by the person themselves. +Audience. +A group of people that experience a work of art or literature. +B. +Ballad. +A song or poem that tells a story in short stanzas and repeated simple words. +Bard. +A poet hired by a patron such as a ruler or nobleman to write or sing about the patron's ancestors and to praise the patron's own works. +Biography. +A form of nonfiction in which a writer tells the life story of a different person. +Blank verse. +Poetry that does not rhyme. Most of Shakespeare's plays are in blank verse. Milton's "Paradise Lost" is also written in blank verse. +C. +Carpe diem. +Latin expression which means "seize the day". Literary works with a carpe diem theme are about seizing the moment because life is uncertain. "Do it now" is the sense of the phrase. +Character. +A person or an animal who is part of the action of a literary work. The "main character" is the one the work focuses on. The person with whom the main character has the most conflict is the "antagonist". They are the enemy of the main character, who is usually called a "protagonist". +Characterization. +Characterization is the manner in which an author develops characters and their personalities. Characters can be presented by description. They can also be presented through their speech, thoughts, or actions. +Classicism. +A way of thinking in literature and other arts which especially focuses on the importance of reason, balance, clearness and neat, orderly form, like the arts of Greece and Rome. +Conflict. +A struggle between two forces against each other. It can be internal or external. When a conflict happens inside a character, it is called "internal conflict". For example, in Charlotte Brontë's novel "Jane Eyre", Jane is asking herself whether she should live with Mr. Rochester, whom she loves, or if she should go away. An "external conflict" is usually a conflict that is easy to see, happening between the protagonist and antagonist. Conflict is one of the most important elements of narrative literature. +Contradiction. +Two statements that do not seem to agree with one another. "I heard a soundless shout" is a contradiction. +Connotation. +The opposite of denotation, refers to an "associated" meaning or feeling of a word or expression. +Crisis or climax. +The moment or event in the plot where it is or he/she is in stress. Here, the main character usually "wins" or "loses". After the climax, there is a "denouement" (falling action). +D. +Denotation. +The real, direct meaning of a word, like a "dictionary definition". For example, the word "dog" "denotes" a mammal from the family Canidae with four legs that is often kept as a pet. +Dialectic. +Looking at and thinking about opinions or ideas logically, often by questions and answers. +Digression. +Using material that is not related to the subject of the work. Henry Fielding often used digression in his novels. +Drama. +A story written to be performed by actors. The person who writes the play writes dialogue for the characters to speak and directions for costumes, lighting, setting, and the character's movements. +Dramatic monologue. +A poem or speech in which an imaginary character speaks to a silent listener. +E. +Elegy. +A solemn, formal poem about death, often for a dead person or thing. It often begins with "In Memory of..." +Ellipsis. +Ellipses are used often in everyday life as well as in literature. They usually look like this (...). It is usually used in leaving out or not using words. +Epic poetry. +An epic is a long narrative poem. The subject is usually serious, like something that was an important influence to a culture or nation. +Epigraph. +A sentence, quotation, or poem that is put at the beginning of a written work. +Epilogue. +A piece of writing at the end of a work of literature, especially in drama. It is usually different from the whole work and is used to end it. +Essay. +A short nonfiction work about a special subject from the writer's point of view. "Essay" comes from the Old French word "essai", meaning "a trial, try, or attempt". +F. +Foreshadowing. +Foreshadowing is a literary device by which an author hints what is to come. It is used to avoid disappointment, and sometimes used to arouse readers +G. +Genre. +Genre is the different types of categories for reading like horror, fantasy,and mystery +H. +Hyperbole. +A figure of speech that uses an incredible exaggeration or overstatement, for effect. +I. +Idyll. +A short poem about simple everyday life, sometimes written in a pastoral (about shepherd life) or sentimental style. +Imagery. +Imagery is strong describing language which helps us use our senses and memory when we read. +Irony. +Irony means to say something while meaning a different, contradictory thing. +J. +Ji-amari. +Ji-amari uses one or more extra syllables than the usual 5/7 outline in Japanese poetry formats of waka and haiku. +Jitarazu. +Jitarazu uses less syllables than the usual 5/7 outline in Japanese poetry formats of waka and haiku. +K. +Kigo. +Kigo is a term of Japanese poetry meaning the requirement of using a seasonal word or phrase in haiku and renku. +L. +Lyric. +Lyric is short and formal sing-song like poem that expresses moods and feelings. +P. +Plot. +A plot means the events that make up a story. It is important how the events connect to each other. The path of the way the events connect make up the plot of a story or book. + += = = Stan Baluik = = = +Stanley Baliuk (born October 5, 1935 in Port Arthur, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey centre and professional golfer. +In hockey, Baliuk played from 1954 to 1964 in the Ontario Hockey Association, Quebec Hockey League, Western Hockey League, American Hockey League, and National Hockey League. He won the Dudley "Red" Garrett Memorial Award as Rookie of the Year while playing with the Providence Reds of the AHL in 1959-60. He played in 7 games for the Boston Bruins in the NHL during the 1959-60 season. +In golf, Bailuk turned professional in 1955 and was club pro at the Fort William Country Club in Fort William, Ontario during the hockey off-season. In 1963, he accepted a position at the Kirkbrae Country Club in Lincoln, Rhode Island where he continues to work. He won several amateur and professional tournaments in Canada and New England, including the 1965 Vermont Open and the 1971 Rhode Island Open. + += = = St Kilda = = = +St Kilda is a small archipelago of Hebridean islands. It is northwest of the coast of Scotland. The islands are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. +St Kilda has large seabird colonies. The island has the largest colony of North Atlantic gannets in the world. +History. +It is known that people have lived on St Kilda for over 2000 years. The entire population was evacuated from the island in 1930. St Kilda was given to the National Trust for Scotland in 1957. +In the 21st century, the only year-round residents are defence personnel. Many conservation workers, volunteers and scientists spend time on the islands in the summer months. +National Nature Reserve. +St Kilda became a National Nature Reserves (NNR) in 1957. It is one of 71 NNRs in Scotland. In 2004, the NNR was expanded. The nearby marine features were added. The islands were also added. +In July 2005, it became one of the few World Heritage Sites to have a "mixed" status for its natural and cultural qualities. They are also a National Scenic Area. + += = = Barton Bradley = = = +Barton William "Bart" Bradley (July 29, 1930 – September 16, 2006) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre. +Bradley played junior hockey in the Thunder Bay Junior Hockey League for the Port Arthur West End Bruins from 1946 to 1949, winning the playoff championship in 1948 and 1949 as well as the 1948 Memorial Cup. He turned pro in 1949 and signed with the American Hockey League's Hershey Bears, but was called up to play one game for the Boston Bruins, which turned out to be his only game in the National Hockey League. He spent time in the United States Hockey League for the Tulsa Oilers and the Pacific Coast Hockey League with the Tacoma Rockets followed by a seven-year tenure in the Western Hockey League, beginning with the Rockets who only lasted one season. He then spent time with the Seattle Bombers, New Westminster Royals, Victoria Cougars and the Seattle Americans. +In 1957, Bradley began playing senior hockey, beginning with two seasons with the Belleville McFarlands. He also played for the Port Arthur Bearcats and the Fort William Beavers before officially retiring in 1966. + += = = Rick Bragnalo = = = +Richard James Bragnalo (born December 1, 1951 in Fort William, Ontario) is a retired Canadian ice hockey centre. +Signed by the Washington Capitals as a free agent in 1976, Bragnalo played parts of four seasons for the Capitals. After playing a few years in the minors, Bragnalo moved onto playing hockey in Italy with the team of the Val Pusteria Wolves, former EV Bruneck. He signed for HC Milano Saima in 1990, scoring the goal that permitted Milano to win the league in 1990/91. He retired in 1992. + += = = Celestial navigation = = = +Celestial navigation is a method of navigation where a person figures out their location and direction using the stars in the night sky. It has been used by sailors to help them find their way in the night. They look for familiar stars or constellations, which will help them find their way. +Celestial navigation involves comparing the angle of certain stars to other stars and how high they are above the Earth's horizon. By doing this, a person can find their longitude. + += = = Bizaar = = = +Bizaar is the sixth studio album by American horrorcore band, Insane Clown Posse. It is part of the "Bizaar Bizzar" double album. It was released on the same day as "Bizzar". It was released on October 31, 2000. The producers of the album were Mike E. Clark. While on the Howard Stern show, ICP talked with Sharon Osbourne who bet $50,000 they could not sell more than 200,000 copies, and that it would be subsequently dropped from its distributor. Violent J predicted that the group's next album would sell at least 500,000 units and they sold 400,000 units but Sharon never paid them. They left Island Records after "Bizaar" and "Bizzar" because their contract expired. + += = = Hokus Pokus (Insane Clown Posse song) = = = +"Hokus Pokus" is a 1997 midwest hip hop song by the American Horrorcore band Insane Clown Posse and is the third single from their fourth studio album "The Great Milenko", which was released in 1997. The song was produced by Mike Clark. +The song also featured a remix that Insane Clown Posse titled "Hokus Pokus (Headhunta'z Remix)" and there are also two other versions of the song a red cover and a green cover which are both featured on the rarities album, "Forgotten Freshness Volumes 1 & 2". + += = = Ken Brown = = = +Kenneth Murray Brown (born December 19, 1948 in Port Arthur, Ontario) is a former professional ice hockey goaltender. Despite winning the CMJHL Goaltender of the Year and being on the CMJHL First All-Star Team in 1967, Brown went undrafted coming out of junior, so he signed a free agent contract with the Dallas Black Hawks of the CHL, the Chicago Black Hawks minor league affiliate. He played one game with Chicago, where he was behind Tony Esposito and Gerry Desjardins on the depth chart, and this was his only time game in the National Hockey League. He was selected by Calgary-Cleveland in the 1972 WHA General Player Draft, although his rights were traded to the Alberta/Edmonton Oilers for cash. Brown won 21 games over two seasons as the backup to Jacques Plante. + += = = David Bruce = = = +David Bruce (born October 7, 1964 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player who played for the Vancouver Canucks, St. Louis Blues, and San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League (NHL). + += = = Vindolanda = = = +Vindolanda was a Roman fort at Chesterholm, just south of Hadrian's Wall in northern England. Near the modern border with Scotland, it guarded the Stanegate, the Roman road from the River Tyne to the Solway Firth. It is noted for the Vindolanda tablets, one of the most important find of military and private correspondence (written on wooden tablets) found anywhere in the Roman Empire. +The Vindolanda tablets. +The Vindolanda tablets are fragments of wooden leaf-tablets with writing in carbon-based ink. They were found at Vindolanda in northern England. The tablets date from the first and second centuries AD, which makes them roughly contemporary with Hadrian's Wall, which is near Vindolanda. The tablets contain messages to and from members of the garrison of Vindolanda, their families, and their slaves. Similar records on papyrus were known from elsewhere in the Roman Empire, but wooden tablets had not been recovered until archaeologist Robin Birley discovered them at Vindolanda in 1973. Pages have since been found at Carlisle in Cumbria, and continue to be found at Vindolanda. +Contents. +Most of the tablets are official military documents. However, the best-known document is perhaps Tablet 291, written around 100 AD from Claudia Severa, the wife of the commander of a nearby fort, to Sulpicia Lepidina, wife of the commandant of Vindolanda, inviting her to a birthday party. The invitation is one of the earliest known examples of writing in Latin by a woman. It has even been claimed that this is the earliest surviving letter known to be written by a woman in any language. +The tablets are written in Roman cursive script (joined-up writing). One of the tablets confirms that Roman soldiers wore underpants ("subligaria"), and also testifies to a high degree of literacy in the Roman army. +The tablets do not throw much light on the native Celts, but there are references. Until the discovery of the tablets, historians could only speculate on whether the Romans had a nickname for the Britons. "Brittunculi" ('little Britons') found on one of the Vindolanda tablets, is now known to be a derogatory, or patronizing, term used by the Roman garrisons to describe the locals. +The tablets are on display in the British Museum. They are regarded by the Museum as one of its 'top ten British treasures'. +The garrison. +The garrison were auxiliaries, Roman infantry or cavalry units, not parts of Roman legions. From the early third century AD onwards, this was the Fourth Cohort of Gauls. An inscription found in recent excavations suggests that native Gauls were in the regiment, and that they liked to distinguish themselves from British soldiers. The inscription reads: +A free translation would be "The troops from Gaul dedicate this statue to the goddess Gallia with the full support of the British-born troops". +Vindolanda Trust. +In 1970, the Vindolanda Trust, a registered charity, was founded by Anthony Birley to administer the site and its museum. In 1997, the Trust took over the running of the Roman Army Museum at Carvoran, another Hadrian's Wall fort, which it had acquired in 1972. + += = = Reincarnation research = = = +Psychiatrist Ian Stevenson, from the University of Virginia, interviewed young children who claimed to remember a past life. He did more than 2,500 interviews over a period of 40 years and wrote twelve books, including "Twenty Cases Suggestive of Reincarnation". +Stevenson found that childhood memories possibly related to reincarnation normally occurred between the ages of three and seven years. He compared the memories with reports of people known to the deceased, attempting to do so before any contact between the child and the deceased's family had occurred. +Some 35 per cent of the children examined by Stevenson had birthmarks or birth defects. Stevenson believed that the existence of birth marks and deformities on children, when they occurred at the location of fatal wounds in the deceased, provided the best evidence for reincarnation. However, Stevenson has never claimed that he had proved the existence of reincarnation, and cautiously referred to his cases as being "of the reincarnation type" or "suggestive of reincarnation". +Stevenson retired in 2002, and psychiatrist Jim B. Tucker took over his work, and wrote "Life Before Life: A Scientific Investigation of Children’s Memories of Previous Lives". + += = = Jim B. Tucker = = = +Jim B. Tucker is medical director of the Child and Family Psychiatric Clinic, and associate professor at the Division of Perceptual Studies, at the University of Virginia. His main research interests are reincarnation research, and prenatal and birth memories. Tucker, a child psychiatrist, worked for several years on this research with Ian Stevenson before taking over upon Stevenson’s retirement in 2002. Tucker is the author of "Life Before Life: A Scientific Investigation of Children’s Memories of Previous Lives". He has been interviewed about reincarnation in print and broadcast media in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada. + += = = Twenty Cases Suggestive of Reincarnation = = = +Twenty Cases Suggestive of Reincarnation is a 1974 book written by psychiatrist Ian Stevenson on reincarnation research. The book focuses on twenty cases investigated by the author. It has been translated into seven foreign languages. +Reviews of "Twenty Cases Suggestive of Reincarnation" have been published in the "American Journal of Psychiatry", "British Journal of Psychiatry", "British Journal of Medical Psychology", "Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease" and some other journals. + += = = Angiography = = = +Angiography or arteriography is the name for several imaging techniques to show the inside of blood vessels. These techniques include: + += = = Monk parakeet = = = +The Monk parakeet, Quaker parrot, or Seatowerian Budgerigar (binomial name Myiopsitta monachus) is a species of parrot of the true parrots family. It lives in Argentina and the countries around South America. The bird is also known for passing one of its tail feathers through its bill to reconnect the barbules. This locking process is similar to pressing Velcro strips together. +Description. +The parakeet is on average 29 cm long, with a 48 cm wingspan, and weighs 100 g. Females tend to be 10-20% smaller, but it is hard to tell the sexes apart, unless they test the feather or blood DNA. It has bright green upperparts. The forehead and breast are pale grey. The bill is orange, and when it calls, it makes a loud and throaty "chape(-yee)" or "quak quaki quak-wi quarr". Sometimes, it also screeches, "skveet". +Domestic kinds of Monk parakeets may have different colors such as white, blue, and yellow instead of green. +As pets. +Monk parakeets are very intelligent and social birds. When they are kept as pets, they can memorize large vocabularies. They are also able to learn many words and phrases. + += = = Silicon oxide = = = +Silicon oxide may be either of the following: + += = = Jean Cocteau = = = +Jean Cocteau (Jean Maurice Eugène Clément Cocteau, 5 July 1889 – 11 October 1963) was a French artist, poet, novelist, dramatist, designer, boxing manager, playwright, moviemaker and actor. +Cocteau wrote or worked on 21 stage performances, some of which were ballets, and some were plays. Cocteau's movies, most of which he both wrote and directed, were particularly important in introducing the avant-garde into French cinema and influenced the upcoming French New Wave genre. +He also worked with Pablo Picasso on several projects and was friends with most of the European art community. In all his creative work, he was a modernist. +In 1955, Cocteau was made a member of the "Académie Française" and The Royal Academy of Belgium. During his life Cocteau was made a Commander of the "Légion d'honneur". +Life. +Cocteau was bisexual. His circle of associates, friends and lovers included Pablo Picasso, Jean Hugo, Jean Marais, Henri Bernstein, Marlene Dietrich, Coco Chanel, Erik Satie, María Félix, Édith Piaf (whom he cast in one of his one-act plays entitled "Le Bel Indifferent" in 1940), and Raymond Radiguet. +In the 1930s, Cocteau had an affair with Princess Natalie Paley, the beautiful daughter of a Romanov grand duke. She became pregnant. To Cocteau's distress and Paley's life-long regret, the foetus was aborted. Cocteau's longest-lasting relationships were with the French actors Jean Marais (who played 'tough guy' roles in movies and TV), and Édouard Dermit, whom Cocteau formally adopted. Cocteau cast Marais in four of his movies. +At times, Cocteau was addicted to opium. +Biographer James S. Williams describes Cocteau's politics as "naturally right-leaning".p123 In his diary, Cocteau accused France of disrespect towards Hitler and speculated on the Führer's sexuality. His views became known, and he was arraigned on charges of collaboration after the war. He was cleared of any wrongdoing: it turned out that he had used his contacts to try and save friends from the Nazis.p182 +Cocteau died of a heart attack in Milly-la-Foret, Essonne. +Work. +Theatre and ballet. +Cocteau wrote or worked on 21 stage performances, some of which were ballets, and some were plays. +He was involved in Diaghilev's "Ballets Russes" from the first season in Paris, 1909. He wrote scenarios ("librettos") for Fokine's "Le Dieu Blue" in 1912, Massine's "Parade" in 1917 and Nijinska's "Le Train Bleu" in 1924. He also design company posters, and worked for several other ballet companies. He wrote many articles on dance, and made sketches of many in Diaghilev's circle. +In 1940, "Le Bel Indifférent", Cocteau's play written for and starring Édith Piaf, was enormously successful. +Film. +Cocteau directed eleven movies in "avant-gard" style, wrote scripts for six movies and dialogue for three, and directed the photography for one more. Some of his most well-known were "Blood of a Poet" (1930), "Les Parents terribles" (1948), and "Orpheus" (1949). +Writing. +Cocteau wrote extensively. including poetry. All of it is in French, but some is available in translation. +Cocteau wrote five novels. The most important of these was probably "Les Enfants terribles" (1929). He also published 23 books or pamphlets of original poetry, and 26 volumes of poetic criticism and collections. He illustrated 12 works of poetry. He made a number of recordings, mostly spoken poems. + += = = Ron Busniuk = = = +Ronald Edward Busniuk (born August 13, 1948 in Fort William, Ontario), is a Canadian hockey player. He played NCAA hockey at the University of Minnesota Duluth and was an All-American his senior year. After graduation, he played in the AHL with the Nova Scotia Voyageurs and the Cincinnati Swords. He took First Team AHL All-Star honors. Bosniuk played most of his career in the WHA with the Minnesota Fighting Saints, New England Whalers and Edmonton Oilers. He played only 6 NHL games, all with the Buffalo Sabres. +After retiring as a player, Busniuk became a coach. He led the Thunder Bay Twins Senior Hockey Team to two consecutive championships in the 1980s. He was later inducted into the Northern Ontario Sports Hall of Fame and the University of Minnesota Duluth Athletic Hall of Fame. +He is the older brother of Mike Busniuk of the Philadelphia Flyers. + += = = Samantha Cameron = = = +Samantha Gwendoline Cameron, Baroness Cameron of Chipping Norton ("née" Sheffield; born 18 April 1971) is a British businesswoman. She is the wife of David Cameron, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2010 to 2016. +Until 13 May 2010, Cameron was the Creative Director of Smythson of Bond Street. + += = = Larry Cahan = = = +Lawrence Louis Henry "Hank" Cahan (December 25, 1933 – June 25, 1992) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player who played in several Canadian and U.S. teams, including Fort William Hurricanes, Toronto Maple Leafs, Pittsburgh Hornets, New York Rangers, Vancouver Canucks, Baltimore Clippers, Los Angeles Kings and Chicago Cougars. +Cahan was born in Fort William, Ontario. His career as a player began in 1949 and ended in 1974. +On January 13, 1968, Cahan, playing with the Oakland Seals against the Minnesota North Stars, was involved in the accident that caused the death of Bill Masterton. + += = = Şehrazat = = = +Şehrazat Kemalî Söylemezoğlu (born September 3, 1952), known by her stage name Şehrazat or Şehro, is a well-known Turkish television personality, composer, songwriter, producer, and singer. + += = = Water music = = = +Water music can refer to different pieces of music: + += = = Sodium azide = = = +Sodium azide, also known as sodium trinitride, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is NaN3. +Properties. +It is a white crystalline solid. It is an explosive. It can be detonated by an electric spark. It contains sodium and azide ions. It reacts with acids to produce hydrazoic acid. It can be destroyed by reacting it with nitrous acid. This reaction produces nitric oxide, nitrogen, and sodium hydroxide. It is a powerful reducing agent, which makes it explosive. It contains nitrogen in its -1/3 oxidation state. +Preparation. +It is made by reacting ammonia with sodium to make sodium amide. The sodium amide then reacts with nitrous oxide to make sodium azide. It can also be made by reacting sodium nitrate with sodium amide. Another process is reacting sodium nitrite with hydrazine. +Uses. +It is used in airbags. It makes the airbags puff out. A computer detects that the car is crashing and ignites the sodium azide. This makes sodium metal and a lot of nitrogen gas. The nitrogen gas inflates the airbag. It can be used to make other explosives, such as lead azide. +Safety. +Sodium azide is very toxic. It reacts with acids to make the explosive hydrazoic acid, which also is a very toxic gas. It is similar to cyanide poisoning. It attacks the respiratory system and the circulatory system. + += = = Hydrazine = = = +Hydrazine, also known as diazine, is a chemical compound. It is composed of nitrogen and hydrogen ions. Its chemical formula is N2H4. It contains hydrogen in its +1 and nitrogen in its -2 oxidation state. +Properties. +It is a colorless liquid. It smells like ammonia, but it is more reactive than ammonia. It is a strong reducing agent. It is explosive. It can mix with water. It is a base similar to ammonia. +Preparation. +It is made by reacting sodium hypochlorite with liquid (not household) ammonia. If it is reacted with household ammonia, toxic fumes will be released. It can be made by reacting urea with sodium hypochlorite. +Uses. +It is used to make foam. It is also used in rocket fuels. It can be used in fuel cells. It is used to make sodium azide by reacting sodium amide with sodium nitrite. + += = = Azide = = = +Azide, also known as trinitride, is an ion. It is formed when hydrazoic acid is deprotonated. It is a powerful reducing agent. Its chemical formula is N3-. The most common azide is sodium azide. Many azides are explosive and very toxic. + += = = Hydrazoic acid = = = +Hydrazoic acid is a chemical compound. (It is similar to hydrogen azide, which is the gas form. Hydrazoic acid is hydrogen azide dissolved in water.) Its chemical formula is HN3. It contains hydrogen and azide ions. +Properties. +Hydrazoic acid is very explosive. It is a powerful reducing agent. It is used to make other azides. It has an unpleasant smell. +Preparation. +It can be made by reacting sodium azide with an acid. It can be made pure by distillation. +Uses. +It does not have many uses, because it is very explosive and toxic. +Safety. +Hydrazoic acid is extremely toxic, even more toxic than sodium azide. It can make very bad headaches. It has a bad odor. It does not accumulate in the body. Once again, It is dangerous to drink! + += = = Sodium nitrite = = = +Sodium nitrite is a chemical compound. It contains sodium and nitrite ions. Its chemical formula is NaNO2. +Properties. +It is a white or yellowish crystalline compound. It is a strong oxidizing agent, being reduced to nitrogen. It is also a weak reducing agent, being oxidized to nitrate. It contains nitrogen in its +3 oxidation state. It is toxic in large amounts. +Occurrence. +It is found in some vegetables. It is also found in some meat in small amounts. Otherwise, it is manmade. +Uses. +It is used in meat like ham to preserve it. The nitrites are disinfecting, which helps preserve the meat. Almost all processed meat (like cold cuts, hot dogs) contains nitrites. Some people get headaches when they eat nitrites. These headaches have been named "hot dog headaches". It is used to make other chemicals and to get rid of sodium azide. It also can be used when someone is poisoned by cyanide. +Safety. +Nitrites can form toxic chemicals when heated. These toxic chemicals are carcinogens, which means they can cause cancer. That is why some people do not want nitrites in foods. Others say that because nitrites kill bacteria, they should be included in foods. Sodium nitrite used in food is colored bright pink so it is not mistaken for salt or sugar. + += = = Nitrite = = = +Nitrite is an ion. Its chemical formula is NO2–. It contains nitrogen in its +3 oxidation state. Nitrites are normally strong oxidizing agents. Most of them are colorless crystalline compounds. Sodium nitrite is a common nitrite. They are also weak reducing agents, being oxidized to nitrates (NO3–). + += = = Lithium nitride = = = +Lithium nitride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Li3N. It contains lithium and nitride ions. +Properties. +Lithium nitride is a red or purple solid. It reacts with water to make lithium hydroxide and ammonia. It is the only alkali metal nitride that is stable. It is a very strong base. It reacts with hydrogen to make lithium hydride and lithium amide. +Preparation. +It is made by reacting lithium with nitrogen. This is unusual because almost no other elements react with nitrogen at room temperature like lithium. It can also be made by reacting nitrogen with lithium dissolved in sodium. +Uses. +It can be used to store hydrogen. It can also be used as a source of the nitride ion. +Safety. +Lithium nitride is toxic and corrosive. It releases ammonia when put in water. + += = = Nitrous acid = = = +Nitrous acid is a chemical compound. It is a weak acid. Its chemical formula is HNO2. It is unstable. It is made by reacting a strong acid with sodium nitrite. It is a light blue solution. It breaks down to make nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and water when it is concentrated. Nitrogen dioxide can be reacted with water to make a mixture of nitrous acid and nitric acid. It is used to make chemicals. + += = = Arteriosclerosis = = = +Arteriosclerosis is a diseased condition of the arteries. The artery walls are thickened, hardened and lose stretchiness, called elasticity. +There are three main types: +The effects of arteriosclerosis can lead to lack of regular blood flow. Low blood flow to the brain can make you dizzy, numb, have slurred speech, and have other symptoms. Thromboses can further block the blood flow. This causes you to be at risk of getting stroke, or a heart attack. +Arteriosclerosis is a major health problem. Arteriosclerosis can be prevented by reducing risks. Risks are smoking, obesity, and low amounts of exercise. Doctors recommend dieting and exercise. Diets that are low in cholesterol and saturated fats. Some patients may take drugs that lower the amount of cholesterol in their blood. + += = = Indian Grand Prix = = = +The Indian Grand Prix is the 17st race of the FIA Formula One World Championship racing calendar in 2011, following the cancellation of the season opener in Bahrain. It is scheduled to take place at the Buddh International Circuit on 30 October 2011 in Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh in India. It is subject to approval of the circuit. +History. +Starting in 1997, there have been plans to host an Indian Grand Prix at Calcutta. In 2003, India had only two permanent raceways. One in Chennai (Irungattukottai), and Kari Memorial Speedway in Coimbatore. Two sites in the area of the Bangalore airport were consired. In the state Andhra Pradesh, land near the airport at Hyderabad were set aside. In December 2003, an seven-year preliminary agreement to host the GP in Hyderabad in 2007 was signed. The track was to be build near Gopanapally village, near the outskirts of Hyderabad. In 2004 pressure came from Mumbai, to shift the track from Hyderabad to Mumbai. +F1 chief Bernie Ecclestone expected India to host a Grand Prix within three years. He wanted a locating at either Hyderabad or Mumbai. Both projects then were declared 'dead' when Mumbai's government decided "not to waste money on car fumes while there are more serious issues". +As of 2007, five locations remained in the running for hosting the Indian Grand Prix: Bangalore, the Gurgaon district district in the state Haryana, a permanent track somewhere near New Delhi, a street circuit in New Delhi, as proposed by Vijay Mallya., and a site in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. +In June 2007, the Indian Olympic Association (IOA) and Bernie Ecclestone announced a provisional agreement for India to host its first Grand Prix in the 2009 F1 season. The track would be built in the Gurgaon, on recommendation by architect Hermann Tilke. +In September 2007 the IOA announced that the debut race would take place in 2010 on the Jaypee Group Circuit in Greater Noida. In September 2008, Bernie Ecclestone announced that the Indian Grand Prix has been delayed to 2011. +On 8 September, 2010, the FIA announced the schedule. The Indian Grand Prix was on the schedule. It was scheduled as the 18th race of a 20 race schedule. Before the season started, the Bahrain Grand Prix, scheduled for 13 March, was called off due to the political unrest in the country. +On 3 June, the FIA’s World Motor Sport Council announced that the Bahrain Grand Prix would be added back to the schedule. The Bahrain GP was to be held on 30 October, the original date of the Indian Grand Prix. The Indian GP would have been moved to the end of the schedule. The race teams objected to adding the Bahrain GP back to the schedule. It was removed again, and the Indian GP was set to run on the original date of 30 October. +In April, 2011, the circuit was renamed to the Buddh International Circuit +The circuit. +The race will be held at the Buddh International Circuit in Greater Noida, 50 km from Delhi. The circuit will be roughly 5.5 kilometres (3.1 miles) and will be designed by F1 circuit designer Hermann Tilke. The 10-year contract for the race has been given to the Indian construction company Jaiprakash Associates. +Economic benefits. +There have been a lot of infrastructure developments in Delhi for the 2010 Commonwealth Games. There has been no direct funding provided for an Indian Grand Prix. According to experts, the benefits of India joining the F1 calendar are clear. The hotel and tourism industry get an immediate boost, and the country's profile would get a lift. Experts are also that once the Indian Grand Prix starts, it could generate $170 million in revenue and employ as many as 10,000 people. There will also be opportunities for advertising between manufacturers and F1. +Winners. +All Indian Grands Prix were held at Buddh International Circuit. A pink background indicates an non-champhionship event in Formula One. +Reactions. +Leading businessman Vijay Mallya said after signing a sponsorship agreement between his Kingfisher Airlines and the Force India team that he was confident the sport would come to the subcontinent. "It has always been my dream to bring Formula One to India," he told a news conference on the sidelines of the launch of Force India's car in . "The government of Delhi I think really wants Formula One in India and I am optimistic that maybe we will be able to host our first race in 2009." +Both the Motorsports Association of India and the Federation of Motorsports Clubs of India (FMSCI) have their doubts. FMSCI president, Rajat Mazumbar, has said that "The only authorized body that can run motorsports in the country is ours" despite the fact the deal has been signed with the Indian Olympic Association. +Increased awareness has led to the popularity of merchandise, Formula 1 tickets, and race tours to F1 destinations. + += = = Georges Braque = = = +Georges Braque (Argenteuil, 13 May 1882 – Paris, 31 August 1963) was a major 20th century French painter, collagist, printmaker and sculptor who, with Pablo Picasso, developed the art movement known as Cubism. +French art critic Louis Vauxcelles first used the term "Cubism", or "bizarre cubiques", in 1908 after seeing a picture by Braque. He described it as 'full of little cubes', after which the term quickly gained wide use. Art historian Ernst Gombrich described cubism as "the most radical attempt to stamp out ambiguity, and to enforce one reading of the picture – that of a man-made construction, a colored canvas". The Cubist movement spread quickly throughout Paris and Europe. +A major idea of Braque's was the fractured stringed instrument as a cubist model. This he painted a number of times with variations, and made sculptures with fractured violins, guitars, etc., inside transparent acrylic (perspex) blocks. Examples: + += = = Vaslav Nijinsky = = = +Vaslav Nijinsky (Kiev, Ukraine, 12 March 1890–London, England, 8 April 1950) was the most famous male ballet dancer of the early 20th century, and an important choreographer. He was born to Polish parents, both of whom were dancers. +Nijinsky was famous for his dancing ability, and of his ability to show the character of the part he was playing. He could dance "en pointe", a rare skill among male dancers at the time. His ability to perform seemingly gravity-defying leaps was legendary. The ballerina and choreographer Bronislava Nijinska was his sister. They both danced for the Imperial Ballet at the Mariinsky Theatre, and later for the Ballets Russes of Serge Diaghilev. +Imperial Ballet. +In 1900 Nijinsky joined the Imperial Ballet School at St Petersburg, where he studied under great trainers such as Enrico Cecchetti. At 18 he was given a string of leads. In 1910, the company's "prima ballerina assoluta" Mathilde Kschessinska selected Nijinsky to dance in a revival of Marius Petipa's "Le Talisman". Nijinsky created a sensation in the role of the Wind God Vayou. +His performance in "The Sleeping Beauty" (music by Tchaikovsky) was a tremendous success. In 1910 he performed in "Giselle", and Fokine's ballets "Carnaval" and "Scheherazade" (based on the orchestral suite by Rimsky-Korsakov). His partnership with Tamara Karsavina, in the Mariinsky Theatre, was highly praised: they were called the "most exemplary artists of the time". +A turning point for Nijinsky was his meeting Sergei Diaghilev. Diaghilev was a celebrated entrepreneur (organiser) of ballet and art exhibitions, who promoted Russian visual and musical art abroad. From that moment on, Diaghilev directed and managed Nijinsky's career, and they became lovers. +Les Ballets Russes. +In 1909 Diaghilev took a company of Russian opera and ballet stars to Paris, featuring Nijinsky and Anna Pavlova. The season of colourful Russian ballets and operas, works mostly new to the West, was a great success. It led Diaghilev to create his famous company "Les Ballets Russes" with choreographer Michel Fokine and designer Léon Bakst. The Paris seasons of the Ballets Russes were an artistic and social sensation; setting trends in art, dance, music and fashion for the next decade. +Nijinsky also choreographed ballets. They were avant-garde and controversial. His ballets were "L'après-midi d'un faune" ("The Afternoon of a Faun", based on Claude Debussy's music) (1912), "The Rite of Spring" (1913), "Jeux" (1913) and "Till Eulanspiegel" (1916). +In "The Rite of Spring" ("Le Sacre du Printemps"), with music by Stravinsky (1913), Nijinsky created choreography which went beyond the limits of traditional ballet. For the first time, his audiences got a sight of modern dance. The angular movements expressed the heart of Stravinsky's radically modern score. The music and dance caused a riotous reaction at the "Théâtre de Champs-Élysées" when they premiered in Paris. Both the music and dance were landmarks in modernism. +Marriage and breakdown. +In 1913 the Ballets Russes toured South America. Diaghilev did not make this journey, because of a fear of sea travel. Free from Diaghilev's supervision, Nijinsky became acquainted with Romola de Pulszky, a Hungarian countess. Eventually, she succeeded in engaging his affections. They were married in Buenos Aires, and later had a daughter, Kyra. When the company returned to Europe Diaghilev flew into a rage, and dismissed Nijinsky. +During World War I Nijinsky was interned in Hungary. Diaghilev succeeded in getting him out for a North American tour in 1916. During this time, Nijinsky choreographed and danced the leading role in "Till Eulenspiegel". Around this time, signs of his schizophrenia was noticed by members of the company. He suffered a nervous breakdown in 1919, and his career effectively ended. He was diagnosed with schizophrenia and taken to Switzerland by his wife. He spent the rest of his life in and out of psychiatric hospitals and asylums, as his family travelled round Europe. He never danced again. + += = = Nitric oxide = = = +Nitric oxide also known as nitrogen monoxide is a chemical compound. It contains nitrogen in its +2 oxidation state. It contains nitrogen and oxide ions. Its chemical formula is often given as ·N=O. +Properties. +It is a colorless gas. It is easily oxidized to nitrogen dioxide by air. It can react with a mixture of air and water to make nitrous acid. It glows when reacted with ozone. +Preparation. +It is made by reacting ammonia with oxygen with a catalyst. It is also made in lightning. It can be made in small amounts by reacting copper with nitric acid. It can also be made by reducing nitrous acid with compounds such as iron(II) sulfate. +Uses. +Nitric oxide is used in making nitric acid from ammonia. Ammonia is reacted with air to make nitric oxide, and the nitric oxide is oxidized by air to make nitrogen dioxide. The nitrogen dioxide is dissolved in water to make nitric acid and more nitric oxide. +It is also used as a stimulant in the human body. It has many actions in the human body that are being studied. +Safety. +Nitric oxide is toxic when breathed in. It also easily is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide, a toxic brown choking substance. + += = = Nitrogen dioxide = = = +Nitrogen dioxide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is NO2. It contains nitrogen and oxide ions. The nitrogen is in the +4 oxidation state. +Properties. +Nitrogen Dioxide is a reddish-brown gas with a distinct, pungent odor similar to that of Chlorine. It causes significant and damaging pulmonary effects when it is inhaled, due to the formation of both Nitric (HNO3) & Nitrous (HNO2) acids when it reacts with Water present in the lungs. When Nitrogen Dioxide is compressed or cooled to near 0° C, two molecules of the Dioxide bond, forming the colorless Dinitrogen Tetroxide. It is a strong oxidizing agent. Upon heating, Nitrogen Dioxide decomposes back into lower oxides of Nitrogen (NO) as well as Oxygen. It reacts with iodides to form nitrites and elemental iodine. The presence of NO2 in concentrated Nitric acid causes the acid to take on a yellow color, depending on the concentration of the dissolved gas. +Preparation. +Nitrogen dioxide is normally made by oxidation of nitric oxide by oxygen in air. It can also be made by heating some nitrates. It can be made by reacting concentrated nitric acid with copper or tin. +Uses. +It is used to make nitric acid by dissolving it in water. Nitric oxide is also released. +Safety. +Nitrogen dioxide is very toxic. It has a foul odor, which aids in its detection. Much care should be taken to avoid contact with this compound. + += = = Kansas City, Kansas = = = +Kansas City is the third-largest city in the U.S. state of Kansas. It is the county seat of Wyandotte County. Kansas City is a suburb of Kansas City, Missouri and is the third largest city in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area. About two million people live in this region. The city is part of the "Unified Government". This also includes the cities of Bonner Springs and Edwardsville. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 156,607. The city is at Kaw Point, which is the junction of the Missouri and Kansas rivers. +History. +Kansas City formed in 1868. It was first officially mentioned in October 1872. The Kansas-Missouri border area became the first battlefield in the conflict over slavery that led to the American Civil War. The first city election was held on October 22, 1872. It resulted in the election of Mayor James Boyle. The mayors of the city after its organization have been James Boyle, C. A. Eidemiller, A. S. Orbison, Eli Teed and Samuel McConnell. John Sheehan was appointed Marshal in 1875. He was also Chief of Police. He had the control over five policemen. In June 1880, the Governor of Kansas made the city of Kansas City a city of the second class with the Mayor Samuel McConnell present. James E. Porter was Mayor in 1910. +It was one of the 100 largest cities for many US Census counts, from 1890 to 1960, including 1920, when it had over 100,000 residents for the first time. In 1997, voters approved a proposition to unify the city and county governments. +On March 30, 2011, Internet search company Google Inc. announced that Kansas City had been selected as the site of an experimental fiber-optic network that Google will build at no cost to the city. Kansas City was chosen from a field of 1,100 US communities that had applied for the network. Google plans to have the network in operation by 2012. +Geography. +According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 128.3 sq mi (332.3 km2). 124.7 sq mi (323.1 km2) of it is land and 3.6 sq mi (9.2 km2) of it is water. +Cityscape. +Kansas City is organized into a system of neighborhoods, some with histories as independent cities or the sites of major events. +Neighborhoods of Kansas City, Kansas +Climate. +Kansas City is near "Tornado Alley", a region where cold air from the Rocky Mountains and Canada meets warm air from the Gulf of Mexico. This situation causes the formation of powerful storms. The most recent tornado to strike Kansas City itself was in May 2003. The region is also prone to ice storms, such as the 2002 ice storm during which hundreds of thousands lost power for days and (in some cases) weeks. The MoKan area was subject to flooding, including the Great Flood of 1993 and the Great Flood of 1951. +People. +As with Kansas City, Missouri, the percentage of the city's biggest ethnic group, non-Hispanic whites, has gone down from 76.3% in 1970 to 40.2% in 2010. +Sister cities. +Kansas City has four sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International: + += = = Dinitrogen tetroxide = = = +Dinitrogen tetroxide, also known as nitrogen tetroxide or dinitrogen tetraoxide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is N2O4. It contains nitrogen in its +4 oxidation state. It contains nitrogen and oxide ions. +Properties. +It is a colorless gas, although it is sometimes polluted with nitrogen dioxide. It is very corrosive and a strong oxidizing agent. It can ignite on contact with hydrazine. It can be made by bonding two nitrogen dioxide molecules together at a low temperature or a high pressure. +Preparation. +It is made by bonding nitrogen dioxide molecules together in pairs. +Uses. +It is used as a rocket propellant, along with hydrazine. This mixture is good since it does not have to be ignited. It is used similar to nitrogen dioxide to make nitric acid. It can react with metals to make nitrates. +Safety. +Dinitrogen is highly toxic and corrosive. Some astronauts breathed it and had to go to a hospital. + += = = Nitrogen oxide = = = +Nitrogen oxide may refer to any of these chemical compounds: + += = = Nitrogen acid = = = +Nitrogen acids are acids containing nitrogen. + += = = Dinitrogen pentoxide = = = +Dinitrogen pentoxide is a chemical compound. It is made by removing water from nitric acid. Its chemical formula is N2O5. It is a powerful oxidizing agent. It is a white solid. It is made by reacting phosphorus(V) oxide with nitric acid. The phosphorus(V) oxide removes the water from the nitric acid. It can be dissolved in chloroform to add the NO2+ group to some chemical compounds. It is toxic as it can make nitrogen dioxide gas. + += = = Nitrogen trichloride = = = +Nitrogen trichloride is a chemical compound. It contains nitrogen in its -3 oxidation state. It contains nitrogen and chloride ions. Its chemical formula is NCl3. It is an explosive. It is made by reacting ammonium compounds with chlorine. It reacts with hot water to release hypochlorous acid and ammonia. + += = = Hypochlorous acid = = = +Hypochlorous acid is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is HClO or HOCl. It is not stable. It contains chlorine in its +1 oxidation state. It is a powerful oxidizing agent. It is made by reacting sodium hypochlorite with an acid that cannot be oxidized, such as phosphoric acid. If the acid can be oxidized, the hypochlorous acid will be destroyed. It is used to make some chemicals. It breaks down into hydrochloric acid and oxygen in sunlight. It reacts with hydrochloric acid to make chlorine gas. It is a powerful disinfectant. + += = = Sodium amide = = = +Sodium amide, also known as sodamide, is a chemical compound. It contains sodium and amide ions. Its chemical formula is NaNH2. It is a very strong base, even stronger than hydroxides like sodium hydroxide. It reacts violently with water. It is a white solid, although it can be gray. It is made by reacting sodium metal with liquid or gaseous ammonia. It is used to make hydrazine and sodium azide. It is used to make various chemicals. It reacts with water to make ammonia and sodium hydroxide. It burns in air to make oxides of sodium and nitrogen, such as nitrogen dioxide. If there is only a little air, explosive chemicals may form. If it turns yellow or brown, get rid of it immediately. It is corrosive because it is a strong base. + += = = Amide = = = +Amide can refer to two different things. +Amides in inorganic chemistry. +An amide ion is different from an amide in organic chemistry. The amide ion is made by deprotonating ammonia. This is ammonia acting as an acid, although a very weak one. Amides made by deprotonating ammonia are very strong bases. Sodium amide is an example. +Amides in organic chemistry. +Amides are also chemical compounds. They are made by reacting carboxylic acids like acetic acid with amines. There are many ways to make them. They are also used in many chemical reactions. + += = = Sodium nitrate = = = +Sodium nitrate, also known as caliche, Chile saltpeter, and soda niter, is a chemical compound. It contains sodium and nitrate ions. Its chemical formula is NaNO3. +Properties. +It can dissolve in water very easily. It is an oxidizing agent. It is a white crystalline solid. +Occurrence and preparation. +It is found in very dry areas. If it was wet, then the sodium nitrate would dissolve. But it is normally made artificially by reacting sodium hydroxide and nitric acid. Chile used to have much sodium nitrate naturally in the very dry Atacama Desert. It is found in small amounts in leafy green vegetables. +Uses. +It is used to supply nitrogen to the soil. It is also used in making gunpowder. Some other explosives use it. It can be used to make nitric acid by reaction with sulfuric acid. It is used in rockets and smoke bombs. Sometimes it can be a food preservative. + += = = Lead azide = = = +Lead azide, also known as lead(II) azide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Pb(N3)2. It contains lead and azide ions. It contains lead in its +2 oxidation state. +Lead azide is an explosive. Most other azides just burn rapidly. It is used as a detonator to detonate other explosives. It is made by reacting lead(II) nitrate and sodium azide. It can be destroyed by sodium dichromate. It can react with other metals such as copper to make even more sensitive azide explosives. It does not become less of an explosive when wet. It will explode if it is dropped . + += = = History of Iran = = = +Iran is home to one of the world's oldest continuous major civilizations, with historical and urban settlements dating back to 4000 BC. The Medes unified Iran as a nation and empire in 625 BC. +The Islamic conquest of Persia (633–656) and the end of the Sassanid Empire was a turning point in Iranian history. Iran had been a monarchy ruled by a shah, or emperor, almost without interruption from 1501 until the 1979 Islamic revolution, when Iran officially became an Islamic Republic on 1 April 1979. +Pre-Islamic. +Before Iran was called Iran, and before Iranians lived there, a different group of people, the Elamites, lived there. Their kingdom was called Elam. The Elamites are mentioned in the Bible. Elam was conquered by Iranian peoples, such as the Medes (a type of Iranian), because the Elamites became weak after fighting the Assyrian people (a different people) for too long. The Iranians would then go on to conquer the Assyrians, as well. +The name Iran comes from "Aryan" and is also mentioned in the ancient book of the Zoroastrians, which was called the Avesta. "Iran" means "Aryan" in Persian. In the 19th and early 20th century, the name "Aryan" was used by Europeans to mean "all Indo-Europeans". +Around 500 BC, present-day Iran was the center of the Persian Empire. Then, Alexander the Great took the country by fighting and the "Arsacid dynasty" of Persia later ruled. After them the "Sassanian dynasty" (224-651) took over. +Islamic Persia. +Other people took Persia by fighting, like the Arabs (7th century), Turks (10th century) and Mongols (13th century). However, Iran has always maintained a distinct culture and continued to survive. +The "Safavid dynasty" (1502-1736) made Islam and Shi'a the state religion of Iran although Islam was already popular then. The latest kings of Iran were from the "Pahlavi dynasty", and ruled from 1925 until 1979, when there was a revolution and Ayatollah Khomeini created an Islamic republic. +In 1951, Mohammed Mossadegh was brought to power after being elected as prime minister by nearly all members of the Majlis (parliament) in Iran. His first act in office was to take control of the oil industry in Iran which had been controlled by Great Britain. Most of Britain's oil was pumped from Iran at the time. This move was seen as a danger to Great Britain's security and empire, so they tried to overthrow the government but failed. After this they convinced the United States through diplomacy that the government of Iran was a communist threat. +The CIA worked in Iran to create riots which led to the removal of Prime Minister Mossadegh. The United States and Great Britain then made the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi King of Iran, again. +Islamic Republic. +The Shah ruled in Iran for 38 years. When he left Iran the Iranian government was changed to an Islamic Republic by Islamic Revolution. Soon afterwards, Iranian Students Movement (Tahkim Vahdat), with the backing of the new government took over the U.S. Embassy in Tehran and held most of the diplomats hostage for 444 days. Relations between the two countries have not been good since. For example. The US has imposed various types of economic sanctions against Iran. The US claims the Iran supports terrorist groups against Israel. Iran does not recognize Israel as a state. Iran, along with most Arab countries believe that Israel does not have the right to occupy the land of Palestinians. +Iran has long borders in common with Iraq. (The words "Iran" and "Iraq" are similar only in Latin alphabet. In Arabic and Persian, they are written differently.) Iranians are ethnically not Arabs. Iran defended itself against Iraqi invasion in 1980, a war that lasted eight years. Many Arab and Western countries, including the United States provided weapons (including biological and chemical weapons of mass destruction) and technical support for Iraq's Saddam Hussein. +Now, the West is trying to prevent Iran from mastering nuclear technology, even though Iran is a member of the NPT. They voice their concern claiming that Iran's intention is to develop nuclear weapons. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has reported numerous times that there is no evidence that Iran is developing nuclear weapons, however, it also says that it can not say for sure that Iran is not doing so in secret. A CIA report on nuclear activity in Iran, in December 2007 claimed that Iran's secret program to achieve nuclear weapons technology was stopped in 2003, and that since then, it was never restarted. It reports that Iran's ability to build a nuclear weapon will probably not happen soon. +The presidential elections of 13th June 2009 were officially won by the existing president M. Ahmadinejad, but certain people do not believe this is true. There were demonstrations because of these results, and some protesters fought with police forces. Many people who demonstrated thought that the election was a fraud. Officially nine people died during the protests. + += = = Cobalt(II) chloride = = = +Cobalt(II) chloride, also known as cobaltous chloride and cobalt dichloride, is a chemical compound. It contains cobalt in its +2 oxidation state. Its chemical formula is CoCl2. It contains cobalt and chloride ions. +Properties. +Cobalt(II) chloride is normally found in the red (or pink) form. The red form has water in it. It can be heated to turn it into the blue form, without water. The blue form will absorb water from the air and turn red again. +A different blue form is made when cobalt(II) chloride is reacted with a chemical compound that has chloride in it. Hydrochloric acid works the best, but sodium chloride can be used too. When it is heated, it turns more blue than when it is cooled. + for an example. Cobalt chloride can be used to test for chloride ions in this way. +It can be oxidized to cobalt(III) compounds, although cobalt(III) chloride does not exist. If it is made, it just drops a Cl from CoCl3, making CoCl2 (cobalt(II) chloride) again. +Preparation. +The anhydrous (without water) blue form can be made by reacting cobalt with chlorine. The hydrated (with water) red form can be made by reacting cobalt(II) oxide or cobalt(II) hydroxide with hydrochloric acid. +Uses. +It is used to place cobalt into other chemical compounds. It can be used to make other cobalt compounds. It is the most common cobalt compound in the lab. +Safety. +It is a weak oxidizing agent, too weak to ignite things. Cobalt compounds are toxic in large quantities, like any other transition metal compounds. They are not toxic like lead or mercury compounds, though. + += = = Man of the match = = = +In team sports, the best player in a match is often given an award called man of the match or player of the match or woman of the match. This award is for the person who played the best during the game. It can be a player from either team, but usually, they choose someone from the team that won. Sometimes, different sports have special ways of giving out these awards. They are really important in big games like championships or games where the best players from different teams compete. In Australia, they use the term "best and fairest" to talk about these awards, both for single games and for the whole season. In some places like North America, they call this award the "most valuable player" (MVP) or "most outstanding player" (MOP) in certain competitions. In ice hockey in North America, they even recognize three players as the best in the game, calling them the "three stars". In sports where the winner is decided by a series of games, like basketball and baseball, they often give out MVP awards for the whole series. In ice hockey's NHL, they also give an MVP award for how well a player performs throughout the entire playoffs. +Association football. +In Association football, the "man of the match" (MOTM) prize usually goes to a player on the winning team. Players who score three goals in a game, or goalkeepers who keep a clean sheet that is to prevent the opposing team from scoring, often receive the prize. Those who score three goals also get the match ball, even if they aren't officially named the player of the match. The man of the match is usually picked by a TV commentator or a sponsor. But, not all competitions have an official player of the match prize, so sometimes recognition is given by websites or newspapers instead. In the Premier League, for instance, a player gets a small black and gold trophy for their player of the match performance. When given in a less formal way (like by a columnist), the MOTM prize might be given ironically. For instance, it could go to the referee if the writer thinks the referee affected the outcome due to what they see as mistakes. +Australian rules football. +In Australian rules football, the best player of the game is called the "best on ground" (or "BOG"). The media recognises this, even though it's not official. They usually give points on a scale of 5–4–3–2–1 or 3–2–1 to players. The AFL officially chooses the player of the game based on the votes umpires give during the Brownlow Medal count at the end of the season. Sometimes, there are exceptions during the season for certain important games like the Western Derby, The ANZAC Day clash, QClash, and Showdown. In these games, special awards are given after the match. On the day of the AFL Grand Final, an independent group of Australian rules football experts chooses the player who performed the best and they get the Norm Smith Medal. +Cricket. +In cricket, the award for the best player in the match became common in Test matches around the middle of the 1980s. The best player of the match award is usually given to the player who had the most important role in helping the team win the game. In a match that took place on 3 April 1996, the entire team from New Zealand received the Men of the Match award. This was the first time a whole team got this award. In a test match played between 15th and 18th January 1999, South Africa played against West Indies. In that match, the entire South African team was given the man of the match award. In Test matches, Jacques Kallis has the most awards received, with 23 awards in 166 matches played. In One Day Internationals (ODIs), Sachin Tendulkar has the most man of the match titles, receiving 62 awards in 463 matches played. Tendulkar is followed by Sanath Jayasuriya, who, together with Ricky Ponting, also has the most Man of the Match titles as captain. In the shortest format of the game, T20 Internationals, this record is held by Virat Kohli, who has won 15 awards in 115 matches. +Ice Hockey. +In North American ice hockey, the three players who do the best in the game, often those who get the most points or are really good goalkeepers, are usually called the three stars of the game: the best player is the "first star", the next is the "second star", and the third best is the "third star". This started in the 1930s to promote a brand of gasoline called "Three Star". But in games played internationally (and outside North America), the idea of three stars isn't used very much. Instead, other leagues might give an award to just one player who did the best in the game. +Rugby Football. +Both types of rugby, rugby league and rugby union, usually give awards for the best player of the match. In matches that are on TV or sponsored, someone like a commentator or sponsor usually decides who gets the award, and the winner gets it after the match. +For example, in men's rugby league, awards like the Clive Churchill Medal in the National Rugby League Grand Final, the Karyn Murphy Medal in the NRL Women's Grand Final, the Lance Todd Trophy in the Challenge Cup final, and the Harry Sunderland Trophy in the Super League Grand Final are given. +College Basketball and Gridiron Football. +In college basketball and college football, which are the two most watched college sports in the United States, a top player from each team is usually named "player of the game." These players usually can't get physical prizes because of the rules of the NCAA. Instead, TV companies showing the game or business sponsors often give money to the scholarship funds of each school, using the names of the winning players. +During college basketball's Final Four events, a Most Outstanding Player award is given for the best performance in both the semi-final and championship game. There's also a Most Outstanding Player award for each of the four regional games, based on how well players did in the regional semifinals (Sweet Sixteen) and final (Elite Eight). + += = = Prohibition in the United States = = = +The Prohibition Era was a period in United States history when alcohol was outlawed. Police would arrest anyone who was found making or selling alcohol illegally. The Women's Christian Temperance Union and other reformist organizations agitated for this change in order to improve the lives of the people. Prohibition lasted from 1920 to 1933. It was established by the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. It was ratified (approved by the states) by January 16, 1919. It came into effect at January 16, 1920. +The punishment for being caught with an alcoholic beverage was jail time. The millions of people becoming criminals in such a short period of time led to overflowing prisons and it was common to have a case dismissed. Prohibition was a constitutional experiment set up by the American government in an effort to decrease crime rates, reduce tax burden, and improve health in Americans. It had little to do with the consumption of alcoholic beverages. +Prohibition was good as the consumption of alcohol was reduced, but it was bad in that the Mafia and other underground organizations took up rum-running. They became big and powerful and made trouble. Prohibition was repealed December 5, 1933 by the Twenty-first Amendment. Now states can regulate the selling of liquor by themselves. +Due to the demand of alcohol, illegal pubs were built called speakeasies.These could be in the form of a proper pub or just in someones basement. + += = = Cobalt(II) oxide = = = +Cobalt(II) oxide, also known as cobaltous oxide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is CoO. It contains cobalt in its +2 oxidation state as an ion. It also contains oxide. It can be green or red crystals. It can also be a grey or brown powder. +Preparation. +Cobalt(II) chloride reacts with a base to get cobalt(II) hydroxide. Then the cobalt(II) hydroxide is heated to make cobalt(II) oxide. The reactions are written below: +Use. +It can react with acids to make salts containing cobalt. It is used to make blue glass. + += = = Cobalt(II) hydroxide = = = +Cobalt(II) hydroxide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Co(OH)2. It contains cobalt in its +2 oxidation state as an ion. It also contains hydroxide ions. It is either reddish or bluish. It is made by reacting a strong base with a cobalt(II) salt. Cobalt(II) chloride is normally used. This makes the red form. The blue form is made by reacting ammonium hydroxide with cobalt(II) hydroxide. It turns into cobalt(II) oxide when heated. It is used to dry paints, to make other cobalt compounds, and as a catalyst. + += = = Cobalt(III) oxide = = = +Cobalt(III) oxide is a chemical compound. It contains cobalt in its +3 oxidation state. Its chemical formula is Co2O3. It can be made by reacting a cobalt(II) salt with sodium hypochlorite. This reaction also makes some chlorine. It is used as a catalyst. It is an oxidizing agent. It is not as strong an oxidizing agent as other cobalt(III) compounds. + += = = Cobalt oxide = = = +Cobalt oxide can refer to either of the following: + += = = Cobalt(II) sulfate = = = +Cobalt(II) sulfate, also known as cobaltous sulfate, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is CoSO4. It contains cobalt in its +2 oxidation state. It contains cobalt and sulfate ions. +Properties. +It is a reddish crystalline solid. It dissolves easily in water. It is reddish without water (anhydrous) and pink with water (hydrated). +Preparation. +It can be made by reacting cobalt, cobalt(II) oxide, or cobalt(II) hydroxide with sulfuric acid. It is very rarely found in the earth. +Uses. +It is used as a pigment. It is also used to make other cobalt salts. It can be used in electroplating cobalt. It was added to beer in the past but that poisoned people. +Safety. +Cobalt(II) sulfate is slightly carcinogenic. It is poisonous in large quantities. + += = = Meccano = = = +Meccano is a building set that lets people make models and small mechanical devices. It was made in 1901, and was from the United Kingdom. + += = = Monoclonius = = = +Monoclonius is the doubtful name of a ceratopsid dinosaur. It was a herbivore (plant-eater) It lived in North America during the Upper Cretaceous, about 76 to 73 million years ago. +"Monoclonius" was named by Edward Drinker Cope in 1876, soon after the first fossil specimen had been found in Montana. The specimen was a near complete skeleton with only the feet missing. It included skull material and the base of the nasal horn. Its name means "single stem" and refers to its teeth, which have a single root. +"Monoclonius" is now regarded as a "nominem dubium". It seems to be a juvenile stage of "Centrosaurus". + += = = Gordini = = = +Gordini is a French sports car manufacturer. The firm was founded by Amédée Gordini. His nickname was "Le Sorcier", which means "The Sorcerer". +Gordini competed in Formula One from 1950 to 1956. +Gordini worked with Renault as an engine tuner. He sold his firm to Renault. Renault entered Renault-Gordini cars at the 24 Hours of Le Mans from 1962 until 1969. +Renault build sport versions of some models like the Dauphine, Renault 8, and Renault 12. They included the Gordini badge. +In November 2009, Renault announced that it will bring back the Gordini name. It will be used on a line of hot hatches (sports compacts). + += = = Popish Plot = = = +The Popish Plot was a story made up by Titus Oates that caused people to hate the Catholics in England between 1678 and 1681. Oates said that there was a large Catholic conspiracy to kill Charles II. His story led to the execution of at least 15 men and caused the Exclusion Bill Crisis. After a while Oates' complicated story fell apart, and he was arrested and sent to prison for perjury. + += = = Cobalt(II,III) oxide = = = +Cobalt(II,III) oxide is a chemical compound. It contains some (1 atom) cobalt in the +2 oxidation state and some (2 atoms) in the +3 oxidation state. Its chemical formula is Co3O4. It contains cobalt and oxide ions. +Properties. +It is a black solid. It reacts with hydrochloric acid to make chlorine and cobalt(II) chloride. +Preparation. +It is made when cobalt(II) oxide is heated to . When it is heated to , it turns back into cobalt(II) oxide. +Uses. +It has been used in research for making hydrogen. +Safety. +It is irritating to the skin. It can cause harm if swallowed. It dissolves in the stomach acid. + += = = Ramsar Convention = = = +The Ramsar Convention (The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, especially as Waterfowl Habitat) is an international treaty to protect wetlands. It is meant to stop the loss of wetland areas now and in the future. It recognizes that wetlands are an important ecosystem. It also recognizes that wetlands have economic, cultural, scientific, and recreational value. It is named after the town of Ramsar in Iran. +Convention. +The convention was developed and agreed to by 18 nations at a meeting in Ramsar on February 2, 1971. It came into force on December 21, 1975. +The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance now includes 2,429 sites, which are called "Ramsar Sites", covering around 254,611,076 hectares. This has increased from 1,021 sites in 2000. The nation with the most sites is the United Kingdom at 168. The nation with the greatest area of listed wetlands is Canada, with over 130,000 km2, including the Queen Maud Gulf Migratory Bird Sanctuary at 62,800 km2. +There are now 159 nations that have agreed to the convention. The nations meet every three years as the Conference of the Contracting Parties (COP). The first meeting was held in Cagliari, Italy, in 1980. Changes to the original convention have been agreed to in Paris (1982) and Regina (1987). +There is a standing committee, a scientific review panel, and a secretariat. The headquarters is in Gland, Switzerland, shared with the IUCN. +List of contracting parties. +Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Hungary, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, North Macedonia, Romania, Russia, Saint Lucia, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, former USSR. +New contracting parties: +Antigua and Barbuda (02.10.05), Cape Verde (18.11.05), Central African Republic (05.04.06), Iraq (17.02.08), Kazakhstan (15.01.07), Lesotho (01.11.04), Marshall Islands (13.11.04), Montenegro (succ. 03.06.06), Mozambique (03.12.04), Myanmar (17.03.05), Rwanda (01.04.06), Samoa (06.02.05), Seychelles (22.03.05), Sudan (07.05.05), Turkmenistan (03.07.09), United Arab Emirates (29.12.07), Yemen (08.02.08). + += = = Cobalt(II) fluoride = = = +Cobalt(II) fluoride, also known as cobaltous fluoride, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is CoF2. It contains cobalt in its +2 oxidation state. It also contains fluoride ions. +Properties. +It is a reddish crystalline solid. It only dissolves a little in water. The hydrate (type with water molecules attached) can dissolve in water. It can dissolve in acid. It can react with hydrogen at to make cobalt and hydrogen fluoride. +Preparation. +It can be made by reacting anhydrous (without any water molecules attached) cobalt(II) oxide or cobalt(II) chloride with a stream of hydrogen fluoride. This reaction makes the anhydrous form. The hydrated (with water molecules attached) form is made by reacting any cobalt(II) compound with hydrofluoric acid. When fluorine is reacted with cobalt at a high temperature, it makes both cobalt(II) fluoride and cobalt(III) fluoride. +Uses. +It is used as a catalyst. It can be used as a source of the fluoride ion in dentist care. It is used in lenses. + += = = Cobalt fluoride = = = +Cobalt fluoride can refer to either of the following compounds: + += = = Cobalt(III) fluoride = = = +Cobalt(III) fluoride, also known as cobaltic fluoride and cobalt trifluoride, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is CoF3. It contains cobalt in its +3 oxidation state. It contains cobalt and fluoride ions. It is used to add fluoride ion to other chemicals. It is a brown solid. It is a powerful oxidizing agent. It reacts with water to make hydrofluoric acid, oxygen, and cobalt(II) fluoride. It is made by reacting cobalt(II) chloride and fluorine at . Cobalt(II) oxide and cobalt(II) fluoride can be used instead of the cobalt(II) chloride. It is used to make some chemicals. + += = = Eyeborg = = = +An eyeborg or eye-borg is an electronic eye that allows people to hear colors. It is mostly used by blind people or by people with color blindness. It works by using a head mounted camera that reads the colors directly in front of a person, and converts them into musical notes. +The first eyeborg was made in England in 2003 by Adam Montandon in collaboration with colourblind artist Neil Harbisson. The invention won a British award in Innovation (Submerge 2004) and a European award in Content Tools and Interface Design (Europrix 2004). In 2007, Peter Kese, a software developer from Slovenia, made further developments to the eyeborg by increasing the number of colors to 360 and adding color intensity through different volume levels. Matias Lizana, a student from Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya is currently developing the eyeborg into a smaller chip as part of his final year project. The new chip will allow users to hear colors in stereo and to embed the device. + += = = Christian Dior = = = +Christian Dior (Granville, Manche, Basse-Normandie, 21 January 1905 – Montecatini, Italy, 24 October 1957), was the leading French fashion designer of the post-war world. He was the founder of one of the world's top fashion houses, the "House of Dior" (now "Christian Dior"). +Career. +During the German occupation of France in World War II, Christian Dior dressed up the wives of Nazi officers and French collaborators. On 8 October 1946 he founded his own fashion house, backed by Marcel Boussac, which became the cotton-fabric magnate. +The New Look. +For his first collection, in early 1947, the phrase "The New Look" was coined by "Harper's Bazaar", the fashion monthly. Dior's designs were more voluptuous than the economy shapes of World War II, when fabric was rationed. +Dior was a master at creating shapes and silhouettes; he said "I have designed flower women". His look employed fabrics lined with percale (a closely woven plain-weave fabric), boned, bustier-style bodices, hip padding, wasp-waisted corsets and petticoats. This made his dresses flare out from the waist, giving his models a very curvaceous look. +Some women protested, because his designs covered up their legs, which they did not want during wartime. There was also criticism of Dior's designs, which used a lot of fabric. Opposition ceased as soon as wartime shortages ended. The New Look revolutionized women's dress and reestablished Paris as the center of the fashion world. +A-line. +The term was first used by Dior as the label for his collection of spring 1955. The A-Line collection's feature item, then the "most wanted silhouette in Paris", was a "fingertip-length flared jacket worn over a dress with a very full, pleated skirt". Evening dresses at this time were always worn with petticoats. +Although an A-shape, this silhouette was not identical to what is now understood to embody the A-line idea. That idea was given its definitive expression and popularized by Dior’s successor, Yves Saint Laurent, with his "Trapeze Line" of spring 1958, which featured dresses flaring out dramatically from a fitted shoulder line. +A-line clothes remained popular in the 1960s and 70s, disappeared from fashion almost completely by the early 1980s and were revived by the retro trend of the late 1990s. By that time, 'A-line' was used more loosely to describe any dress wider at the hips than at the bust or waist, as well as a number of flared skirt styles. 'True' A-line shapes on the pattern of Dior and Saint Laurent saw a revival in the early 2000s. + += = = Baluchistan Agency = = = +The Baluchistan Agency was one of the agencies of British India. Agency Territories, with an area of 44,345 square miles (208.262 km2), composed of tracts which had, from time to time, been acquired by lease or otherwise brought under control and been placed directly under British officers. +This agency consisted of three princely states, Kalat and its two feudatory states Las Bela and Kharan. The British government maintained the administrative control through their political agent in Kalat. + += = = Ferromanganese = = = +Ferromanganese, also known as spiegeleisen, is an alloy. It is made of iron and manganese. It is normally 15% manganese and 85% iron. It is made by reduction of a mixture of iron ore and manganese ore. Normally carbon is the reducing agent. It is normally how manganese is sold. + += = = Manganese(VII) oxide = = = +Manganese(VII) oxide, also known as permanganic acid and manganese heptoxide, is a chemical compound. The manganese is in its +7 oxidation state. Its chemical formula is Mn2O7. This is about the only +7 oxidation state compound of manganese that is not a permanganate. Its chemical formula is Mn2O7. It is either a dark red or green oil. It is a powerful oxidizing agent. It is a dangerous explosive. It is made by combining sulfuric acid with potassium permanganate. This reaction makes the dark green oil. It makes manganese dioxide and oxygen when exploded. This reaction may produce ozone, a powerful oxidizing agent. It can be detonated by striking it or reacting it with some organic compounds such as alcohol. + += = = Permanganic acid = = = +Permanganic acid is an acid. It has the formula HMnO4. It is the acid form of the permanganate ion. +It is often made by reacting dilute sulfuric acid with a permanganate, such aspotassium permanganate. It is not usually a good idea to use concentrated acid because the extra acid may react with the new permanganic acid to create manganese heptoxide, an explosive chemical. + += = = Manganese(II) sulfate = = = +Manganese(II) sulfate, also known as manganous sulfate, is a chemical compound. It contains manganese in its +2 oxidation state. It contains manganese and sulfate ions. Its chemical formula is MnSO4. It is a pink crystalline solid. It normally is bonded with some water molecules. It is part of a process to make manganese metal. It can be made separately though. If sulfur dioxide and manganese dioxide are reacted, it produces manganese(II) sulfate. It reacts with potassium permanganate to make manganese dioxide. It is used to add manganese to soil. + += = = Poolsbrook = = = +Poolsbrook is a town in northeast Derbyshire, England. + += = = Food and Drug Administration = = = +The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is a United States government agency that protects and promotes public health, by regulating food safety, tobacco, prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, vaccines, and cosmetics. The FDA enforces federal laws along with other agencies, such as the DEA. The agency was made in 1906, and is led by the Commissioner of Food and Drugs. +The head of the FDA is proposed by the President of the United States and approved by the Senate. He reports to the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services. +History. +In June 1906, President Theodore Roosevelt signed into law the "Clean Food and Drug Administration Act of 1906", also known as the ""Wiley Act" after its main advocate. +Responsibility for screening food and drug products for "tampering" or "mislabelling"" has been assigned to the USDA Chemical Bureau. In 1927, the regulatory powers of the Bureau of Chemistry were reorganized under the new agency of the United States Department of Agriculture, the FDA. +President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed into law the "Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act" on June 24, 1938. In 1962, the Kefauver-Harris Amendment to the Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics Act was passed and it became a global change in the FDA regulatory body. +One of the most important laws in creating the modern American pharmaceutical market was the "Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Reinstatement Act" 1984, better known as the "Hatch-Waxman Act" after its main sponsors. +Structure. +Subordinate FDA Agencies: +Activity. +The FDA is responsible for maintaining public health through +The FDA also controls some laws. + += = = Homalocephale = = = +Homalocephale was a thick-skulled, plant-eating dinosaur. Its flat head housed a very thick skull, a tiny brain, and large eyes. The skull consisted of porous, non-rigid bone interlaced with blood vessels. +"Homalocephale" grew to be about 5 feet long (1.5 m) and weighed about 95 pounds (43 kg). "Homalocephale" probably had a good sense of smell. It had bumpy knobs on its snout and along the rear of its skull. It had leaf-shaped teeth, short forelimbs and a stiff tail. + += = = Pachyrhinosaurus = = = +Pachyrhinosaurus was a large, plant-eating dinosaur that had a bony, spiked neck frill, four short legs, and a short tail. "Pachyrhinosaurus" was a short-frilled ceratopsian dinosaur that was 18 to 23 feet (5.5 to 7 m) long. "Pachyrhinosaurus" had many small horns on the middle of its frill. + += = = Arnhem Land = = = +The Arnhem Land Region is one of the five regions of the Northern Territory of Australia. It is in the north east corner of the territory and is about 500km from the territory capital Darwin. It has an area of 97,000 km2. This area includes Kakadu National Park. About 16,230 people live in Arnhem Land. It was named by Matthew Flinders after the Dutch ship "Arnhem", which explored the coast in 1623. +Geography. +Arnhem Land goes from Port Roper on the Gulf of Carpentaria around the coast to the East Alligator River where it joins Kakadu National Park. The major towns are Jabiru on the Kakadu National Park border, Maningrida on the Liverpool River mouth, and Nhulunbuy (also known as Gove) in the far north east, on the Gove Peninsula. Gove is the site of large bauxite mine with an alumina refinery. Its administrative centre is the town of Nhulunbuy, the fourth largest town in the Northern Territory. +The climate of Arnhem Land is tropical monsoon with a wet and dry season. Temperatures do not vary much during the year. It can get as cold as 15 degrees Celsius during nights in the dry season (April to September). In the wet season (October to March) the days can be as hot as 33 degrees Celsius. +The people. +Arnhem Land became an Aboriginal Reserve in 1931. It is still one of the largest Aboriginal Reserves in Australia. It is best known for its remoteness, its art, and the strong continuing traditions of its people. North east Arnhem Land is home to the Yolngu people, one of the largest indigenous groups in Australia. They have been able to keep their traditional indigenous culture. The Malays and Macassans are believed to have had contact with the coastal Aboriginal groups and traded with them prior to European settlement of Australia. +The 2006 movie "Ten Canoes" shows life in Arnhem land with a story that uses old Aboriginal stories. It was co-directed by one of the cast members. The movie and also the movie about how it was made, "The Balano and the Bark Canoes", shows the great struggle the indigenous people have made to keep their culture alive. +Art. +The Aboriginal town of Yirrkala, just outside Nhulunbuy, is famous throughout the world. This is because of its bark paintings, and its role in supporting the rights of Indigenous Australians. It is also the place where the Yidaki, or Didgeridoo, came from. The town of Gunbalanya, once called Oenpelli, in Western Arnhem Land is also famous for its bark painting. +Arnhem Land is famous for its Aboriginal rock art. Some of the best art can be found at Ubirr Rock, Injalak Hill, and in the Canon Hill area. Some of these show early visits by Europeans, sometimes in such detail that Martini-Henry rifles can be identified. Other paintings show axes, aircraft and ships. In one rock shelter, hundreds of kilometres from Darwin, there is a painting the wharf at Darwin. It shows buildings and boats, the Europeans with their hats and pipes. Some are shown without hands, which they have in their pockets. There is a painting, near the East Alligator River crossing, which shows a man with a gun and long pigtails down his back. This would be one of the Chinese workers brought to Darwin in the late 19th century. The people also make ritual sand sculptures which do not last. +One Yolngu stone arrangement, at Maccasans Beach near Yirrkala, shows the layout of the Macassan praus (ships) used for Trepang fishing. The Yolngu traded with the people of Makassar on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi. This trading was happening 200 years before European settlement. + += = = Rubinkowo = = = +Rubinkowo is a district of Toruń. + += = = Motorola DynaTAC = = = +Motorola DynaTAC is the first mobile telephone. It was announced in 1973. It was first sold in 1984. + += = = Kaszczorek = = = +Kaszczorek is a district of Toruń. + += = = Joseph Banks = = = +Sir Joseph Banks, 1st Baronet GCB PRS (13 February 1743 – 19 June 1820) was an English naturalist, botanist and patron of the natural sciences. Banks was President of the Royal Society 1778–1820; baronet 1781; Privy Counsellor 1797. His collections were given to the British Museum. +Banks took part in Captain James Cook's first great voyage from 1768 to 1771. He inherited a large fortune, and was able to hire his own team to help collect, package and transport his finds. Banks discovered and collected "Eucalyptus", "Acacia", "Mimosa", and "Banksia". About 80 species of plants are named after Banks. +Education. +Banks was educated at Harrow School, Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford. +Exploration. +Newfoundland and Labrador. +In 1766 Banks was elected to the Royal Society, and in the same year he accompanied Phipps to Newfoundland and Labrador to study their natural history. He made his name by publishing the first Linnean descriptions of the plants and animals of Newfoundland and Labrador. +"Endeavour" voyage. +Banks was promptly appointed to a joint Royal Navy/Royal Society scientific expedition to the south Pacific Ocean on "HMS Endeavour", 1768–1771. This was the first of James Cook's voyages of discovery in that region. Banks joined the ship with a staff of eight: Daniel Solander and H.D. Spöring, naturalists; Alexander Buchan and Sydney Parkinson, artists; James Roberts and Peter Briscoe, tenants from Revesby; Thomas Richmond and George Dorlton (Dollin), negro servants. Only four of this party survived the voyage, Banks himself, Solander and the two Revesby men. +This voyage went first to Brazil, where Banks made the first scientific description of a now common garden plant, "Bougainvillea" (named after Cook's French counterpart, Louis Antoine de Bougainville), and to other parts of South America. +The voyage then went to Tahiti (where the transit of Venus was observed, the purpose of the mission), to New Zealand and to the east coast of Australia, where Cook mapped the coastline and made landfall at Botany Bay and at Endeavour River (near modern Cooktown) in Queensland, where they spent seven weeks ashore while the ship was repaired after damage on the Great Barrier Reef. +While they were in Australia Banks, Solander and Spöring made the first collection of Australian plants, describing many that were new to science. Almost 800 specimens were illustrated by the artist Sydney Parkinson and appear in "Banks' Florilegium", finally published in 35 volumes between 1980 and 1990. +Banks arrived back in England on 12 July 1771 and immediately became famous. +Banks in popular culture. +There are many things in Australia named after Banks. These include the Division of Banks, a Federal Electoral Division for the Australian House of Representatives in the state of New South Wales. The species Banksia is named after him. + += = = Church of Christ with the Elijah Message = = = +The Church of Christ with the Elijah Message is a Mormon religious movement. In addition to the Book of Mormon, the group bases itself on 117 messages received by resurrected John the Baptist. +Main differences to other Mormon movements. +The Church of Christ with Elijah Message accepts all the messages as given by John the Baptist to Otto Fetting and W. A. Draves unlike the other movements. It believes that the Gospel is complete by the three books namely: The Record of the Nephites, The word of the Lord brought to mankind by an Angel, and the Bible (King James Version). + += = = Petticoat = = = +A petticoat is a woman's undergarment, shaped like a skirt or skirt+bodice. Think of it as a skirt underneath a regular skirt. The purpose is possibly insulation, and certainly to make the skirt fly out in an attractive way. +Petticoats which are starched, with ruffles, or made with stiff fabric, can support a wider skirt. The ultimate in this trend is the crinoline, which is a petticoat structure which includes hoops of whalebone. Crinolines are not worn today, but petticoats are sometimes worn with ballgowns. +Petticoats in the 20th century. +For most of the first half of the 20th century, with a few exceptions, petticoats were out of fashion. Certainly "multiple" petticoats were not needed for the narrow skirts and dresses which were fashionable. Some evening gowns needed petticoats, but they were finished off by WWII wartime rationing and shortages. +Petticoats were revived by Christian Dior in his full-skirted "New Look" of 1947. Tiered, ruffled, stiffened petticoats remained extremely popular during the 1950s, especially with teenage girls. Typically, at least three single petticoats were worn, until manufacturers began making double and triple layer petticoats. A narrow slip was usually worn under the petticoats, especially the crinoline type, because they tended to be 'scratchy'. +Dior continued this theme with his "A-Line" collection of Spring 1955, which featured the "most wanted silhouette in Paris". This was a "fingertip-length flared jacket worn over a dress with a very full, pleated skirt". Evening dresses at this time were always worn with petticoats. +Although an A-shape, this silhouette was not identical to what is now understood to embody the A-line idea. That idea was given its definitive expression and popularized by Dior’s successor, Yves Saint Laurent, with his "Trapeze Line" of Spring 1958, which featured dresses flaring out dramatically from a fitted shoulder line. A-line clothes remained popular in the 1960s and 70s. + += = = Paul the Octopus = = = +Paul the Octopus (said to be hatched January 2008 at Oberhausen, Germany– 26 October 2010) was an octopus living in a tank at a Sea Life Centre in Oberhausen, Germany. Paul became famous around the world for correctly "choosing" the winner of Germany's seven matches at the 2010 World Cup, as well as the final. +During the divinations, Paul was shown two boxes with a mussel inside them, for food. Each box had, on the outside, a flag of a football team. Paul would eat the mussel from the box with the flag of the winning team. He did this correctly in four of Germany's six Euro 2008 matches, and in all seven of their matches in the 2010 World Cup. He correctly chose a win for Spain against the Netherlands in the World Cup final. His predictions were 100% (8/8) right for the 2010 World Cup and 86% (12/14) correct overall. Paul was retired after the 2010 FIFA World Cup. +Career. +It was at first said that Paul's career as an oracle began during the UEFA Euro 2008 tournament. In the lead-up to Germany's international football matches, Paul (or a similar octopus) was presented with two clear plastic boxes, each containing food: a mussel or an oyster. Each container was marked with the flag of a team, one the flag of Germany, and the other the flag of Germany's opponent. The box which Paul opened first (and ate the contents of) was judged to be the predicted winner of the game. +Some people had doubt about the octopus' abilities. +Under the thought that Paul had the same chances of choosing the winner or the loser of a match, and not considering the chance of a draw, he had a 1/2 chance of rightly choosing any single game and a 1/256 chance of rightly choosing eight in a row. +On October 26 2010, Paul died of natural causes after being inactive for the last few days. + += = = St. Xavier High School (Ohio) = = = +Saint Xavier High School ( ), or simply St. X, is a private, all-boys high school near Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. The school is one of four all-boys Catholic high schools in the Archdiocese of Cincinnati, but it is run by the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) instead of the archdiocese. St. Xavier has 1,535 students, making it the largest private high school in Ohio and one of the 100 largest high schools in that state. +St. Xavier is the oldest high school in the Cincinnati area and one of the oldest in the nation, even older than many universities. It started as the Athenaeum, which opened in 1831 in downtown Cincinnati. From 1869 to 1934, the high school was part of St. Xavier College, which is now called Xavier University. In 1960, the high school moved to its current location on a campus. +The "Bombers" football team and "Aquabombers" swimming and diving team are ranked nationally and often compete at state championships. The graduates of St. Xavier include many professional athletes, three Olympians, state and national politicians, and well-known authors and actors. +Famous people from St. Xavier. +Graduates. +Arts and literature: +Politics: +Sports: +Others. +St. Xavier gave an honorary degree to Nick Clooney, a television news reporter, game show host, and politician who would have graduated in 1952. +In 1985, Urban Meyer worked as a football coach at St. Xavier. Later, he was the head football coach at the University of Utah, Bowling Green State University, and the University of Florida. + += = = Gianni Versace = = = +Gianni Versace (Reggio Calabria, 2 December 1946 – Miami Beach, Florida, 15 July 1997) was an Italian fashion designer and founder of Versace, an international fashion house. +The fashion house also produces accessories, fragrances, makeup and home furnishings as well as clothes. Versaci also designed costumes for the theatre and movies, and was a friend of Elton John, Sting, and Princess Diana among many others. +Openly gay, Versace and his partner Antonio D'Amico were regulars on the international party scene. +On July 15, 1997, he was murdered outside his Miami Beach home, the former Casa Casuarina, at the age of 50 by spree killer Andrew Cunanan. +Death. +On 15 July 1997, Andrew Cunanan fatally shot Versace on the steps of his Miami Beach mansion. Eight days later, Cunanan shot himself on a boat with the same gun he used to shoot Versace. Versace's body was cremated and his ashes were returned to the family's estate near Cernobbio, Italy. +Legacy. +In September 1997, it was announced Versace's brother, Santo Versace, and Jorge Saud would serve as the new CEOs of Gianni Versace S.P.A. Versace's sister, Donatella, became the new head of design. +In his will, Gianni Versace left 50 percent of his fashion empire to his niece Allegra Versace, daughter of Donatella. Allegra inherited this stake, worth around half a billion dollars, when she turned 18 in 2004. Her younger brother, Daniel, inherited Versace's rare artwork collection. + += = = Cumilla District = = = +Cumilla District is a district in the eastern region of Bangladesh, near the Tripura Division. Today it is a part of the Chittagong Division. +Cities under Cumilla district include: + += = = Mymensingh District = = = +Mymensingh District is a district in the northern region of Bangladesh. It is a part of the Mymensingh Division. + += = = Jessore District = = = +Jessore District is a district of Bangladesh. It is in the Khulna Division. + += = = Khulna District = = = +The Khulna District () is a district of Bangladesh. It is in the Khulna Division. + += = = Bogra District = = = +Bogra District ( "Bogura") is a district of Bangladesh. It is an industrial city. + += = = Dinajpur District = = = +Dinajpur District is a district of Bangladesh. It is in the Rangpur Division. + += = = Rajshahi District = = = +Rajshahi District is a district of Bangladesh. It is part of the Rajshahi Division. + += = = Rangpur District = = = +Rangpur District is a district of Bangladesh. It is part of the Rangpur Division. + += = = Sylhet District = = = +Sylhet District is a district of Bangladesh. It is one of the four districts in the Sylhet Division. +Most people living in the district follow Islam as a religion. More than 80% of people are Muslim. Hinduism is the second largest religion in this country. + += = = Variations on a Rococo Theme = = = +Variations on a Rococo Theme is a piece of music for cello and orchestra composed by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. It is one of the most popular pieces of music for cello and orchestra. +Tchaikovsky never composed a cello concerto, but he did write this work, which is a tune with a set of variations. It is called "Rococo" because the music is based on the style that was popular in the late 18th century, the period during the Classical period known as Rococo, the time of composers such as Mozart. The main theme is an original theme by Tchaikovsky, not a theme that had been composed by someone else in the 18th century. +Tchaikovsky wrote this piece for Wilhelm Fitzenhagen to play. He was a German cellist who lived in Russia. Like Tchaikovsky, he was a professor at the Moscow Conservatory. Fitzenhagen gave the first performance of the work in Moscow on 30 November 1877. Nikolai Rubinstein was the conductor. +Fitzhagen makes changes to the piece. +What happened to the work after that first performance is an interesting story. Tchaikovsky himself had not been at the first performance because he was in Switzerland trying to calm himself down after a very short, disastrous marriage. He wanted to prepare the work so that it could be published. He sent Fitzhagen a short score (this is similar to an arrangement for the piano). He asked Fitzhagen to make any necessary changes to the cello part. Meanwhile, Tchaikovsky got on with the job of orchestrating the music (showing exactly what is played by each instrument). +However, Fitzhagen did not only make changes to the solo cello part. He made other changes as well. He left one of the variations out, and changed the order of some of the others. When the music was about to be published, Tchaikovsky saw what Fitzhagen had done. Tchaikovsky was very cross, but he decided to let the publishers print it like that anyway. +When it was published there was nothing in the score which said that Fitzhagen had made lots of changes. It was not until about 70 years later that people realized that Tchaikovsky’s original version had been different. Some cellists, such as Steven Isserlis, now choose to play Tchaikovsky’s original version. However, most cellists still prefer to play Fitzhagen’s version. It is hard to tell which one Tchaikovsky would have preferred. Maybe he let it be printed because he realized that Fitzhagen had improved it. We cannot tell. Musicians still argue about which version ought to be played. +Orchestration. +The piece is written for an orchestra which is smaller than Tchaikovsky’s usual Romantic orchestral. It is like the ones from the time of Mozart. There are just two of each woodwind instrument, two horns, and strings. +Structure of the work. +The piece, which is about 20 minutes long, consists of a theme and seven variations (eight in Tchaikovsky's original version). +The work is occasionally played by other solo instruments. Maxim Rysanov plays it on the viola. He played it at the Last Night of the Proms in 2010. + += = = Gravity assist = = = +A gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver or swing-by is the use of the relative movement and gravity of a planet to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft. This helps the spacecraft to save fuel, time, and expense. Gravity assistance can be used to speed up, slow down and/or change the path of a spacecraft. The "assist" is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The Soviet Union used it first for the Luna 3 probe that photographed the far side of the Moon. The later Pioneer program used gravity assist in several missions. +A gravity assist transfers kinetic energy from the gravitating body to the spacecraft. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred. + += = = Heliosphere = = = +The heliosphere is the magnetosphere, stellar wind bubble and outermost atmospheric layer of the Sun. +The heliosphere is the cavity made by the Sun in the interstellar medium. Almost all of the material in the heliosphere comes from the Sun itself. +For the first ten billion kilometres of its radius, the solar wind travels at over a million kilometres per hour. It slows down before finally stopping altogether. The point where the solar wind slows down is the termination shock; the point where the interstellar medium and solar wind pressures balance is called the heliopause; the point where the interstellar medium, travelling in the opposite direction, slows down as it collides with the heliosphere is the bow shock. +Solar wind. +The solar wind is made of particles. They are charged (ionized) atoms from the solar corona, and fields, in particular magnetic fields. As the Sun rotates once in about 27 days, the magnetic field transported by the solar wind gets wrapped into a spiral. Differences in the Sun's magnetic field are carried outward by the solar wind and can produce magnetic storms in the Earth's magnetosphere. +In March 2005, measurements by the Solar Wind Anisotropies (SWAN) instrument onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) showed that the heliosphere, the solar wind-filled volume which prevents the solar system from becoming embedded in the local (ambient) interstellar medium, is not axisymmetrical, but is distorted, very likely under the effect of the local galactic magnetic field. + += = = Pakistani nationalism = = = +Pakistani nationalism refers to the political, cultural, linguistic, historical and religious expression of patriotism by people of Pakistan, of pride in the History of Pakistan, Culture of Pakistan, identity and Cultural heritage of Pakistan, and visions for its future. +Most of modern-day Pakistani nationalism is centered around a common Indo-Iranic identity and heritage of 99% of the population. Kashmiris, Sindhis, Balochis, Punjabis, Pashtuns and other minorities are mainly of Indo-Iranic stock. It also refers to the consciousness and expression of religious influences that help mould the national consciousness. Nationalism describes the many underlying forces that moulded the Pakistan Movement, and strongly continue to influence the Politics of Pakistan. +From a political point of view and in the years leading up to the independence of Pakistan, the particular political and ideological foundations for the actions of the Muslim League can be called a Pakistani nationalist ideology. It is a unique and singular combination of philosophical, nationalistic, cultural and religious elements. + += = = Blest Pair of Sirens = = = +Blest Pair of Sirens is a short work for choir and orchestra by Hubert Parry. It was composed in 1887. It is a setting of an ode called "At a solemn Musick" by John Milton. +"Blest Pair of Sirens" was first performed by the Bach Choir conducted by Charles Villiers Stanford. At first Stanford wanted to perform another work by Parry: "The Glories of Our Blood and State". However, the performance was going to be part of Queen Victoria’s Golden Jubilee celebrations. The words of "The Glories of Our Blood and State" were about Death coming to kings and queens, so it was not thought to be appropriate, and so Stanford asked Parry to write a new work for the occasion. George Grove suggested Milton’s "Ode at a Solemn Music" would be a good poem for Parry to set. +The first performance of "Blest Pair of Sirens" at St James’s Hall took place on 17 May 1887. It is very well written for choir with music that excellently fits Milton’s powerful words. The choir divides into eight parts. The words are about man’s desire to join the heavenly music of the spheres. +"Blest Pair of Sirens" was sung by the choirs of Westminster Abbey and the Chapel Royal at the Royal Wedding of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge and Kate Middleton on 29 April 2011. It was performed during the signing of the register. + += = = Albany, Oregon = = = +Albany is a city in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is the eleventh largest city in the state as of 2020, and is the county seat of Linn county. Albany is in the Willamette Valley where the Calapooia River and the Willamette River meet. Farming and manufacturing are both important in the city. Settlers started the community in 1848. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 56,472 with 75.8% of the population being White (non-Hispanic), and 14.1% being Hispanic or Latino. +Albany has a home rule charter and is a Council-Manager city. The City Manager administers the day-to-day operations and affairs of the city for the Council and is the head of the city. The city provides the population with access to over 30 parks and trails along with running the senior center and many cultural events such as River Rhythms and Mondays at Monteith. In addition to farming and manufacturing, important industries in the city include retail sales and health care. Recently, the city has fixed up the downtown shopping area with help from The Central Albany Revitalization Area (CARA) to make it a more important part of the economy. + += = = Kutchi people = = = +The Kutchi people (Gujarati: �����, ) live in the Kutch district of the northwestern India and the Sindh province of southern Pakistan. + += = = Uruk = = = +Uruk was an ancient city of Sumer and later Babylonia. It was east of the present bed of the Euphrates river, on the ancient dry former channel of the Euphrates River. It was in what is now Iraq. +Uruk gives its name to the Uruk period, the early Chalcolithic to early Bronze Age period in Mesopotamia, about 4000 to 3100 BC. This was followed by the period of Sumer proper. It played a leading role in the early urbanization of Sumer in the mid 4th millennium BC. +At its height c 2900 BC, Uruk probably had 50,000–80,000 residents living in 6 km2 of walled area. It was the largest city in the world at the time. +According to the chronology in the Sumerian king list, the semi-mythical king Gilgamesh ruled Uruk in the 27th century BC. +The city lost its prime importance around 2000 BC, after the struggle of Babylonia with Elam. It remained inhabited throughout the Seleucid and Parthian periods until it was finally abandoned during the Sassanid period, just before the Islamic conquest of Mesopotamia. +The site of Uruk was discovered in 1849. The name of lower Mesopotamia, "al-ʿIrāq", is thought to be derived from the name "Uruk". + += = = Tajik = = = +Tajik might mean: + += = = Tennis elbow = = = +Tennis elbow or archer's elbow is a condition where the outer part of the elbow becomes sore and tender. It is often associated with playing tennis, golf or other kinds of sport that use a racquet. +The following can cause the condition: +Treatment. +There are few specific means of treatment, but certain general forms may help: + += = = Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug = = = +Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (often shortened to NSAIDs) are drugs that have analgesic or fever-reducing properties, but that are not based on steroids. Higher doses of such drugs can also be used to fight inflammation. Such drugs are special as they are not narcotic, that is they don't induce sleep. Well-known examples of such drugs are aspirin, diclofenac and ibuprofen. + += = = Night of Champions (2010) = = = +Night of Champions (2010) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), that took place on September 19, 2010 at the Allstate Arena in Chicago, Illinois. It was the fourth yearly event with the "Night of Champions" name. Similar to the last three events, the concept of the show was that every championship in the company was defended at the event. It is also the first Night of Champions event to feature a non-title match. + += = = Diclofenac = = = +Diclofenac is a non-steroidal ant-inflammatory drug. It can be used as an analgesic and antipyretic. It is often used to treat bruises and strain injuiries. Research experiments conducted in 2013, showed that Diclofenac increased the risk of heart attacks and stroke. + += = = Bullpup = = = +A Bullpup is a firearm layout where the firing mechanism and magazine is behind the pistol grip. + += = = Nippur = = = +Nippur, or "Enlil" ('lord wind'), is modern "Nuffar" in Iraq. Nippur was one of the most ancient of all the Sumerian cities. It was the special seat of the worship of the Sumerian god, "Enlil", ruler of the cosmos (universe), and subject to "An" alone. +Nippur was always part of a larger empire. Its control was crucial, as it gave overall 'kingship' to monarchs from other city-states. It was a sacred city, important because it had the famous shrine of "Enlil". +Late in the 3rd millennium BC, Nippur was conquered and occupied by the Semitic rulers of Akkad, and their rulers, like Sargon, left gifts at this sanctuary. Another ruler, Naram-Suen, rebuilt the temple and the city walls; in the debris of this ancient site his remains were found. This Akkadian occupation was succeeded by an occupation during the third dynasty of Ur, and the constructions of Ur-Nammu, the great builder of temples, are on top of those of Naram. +Kassite and later history. +Under the succeeding Kassite dynasty, shortly after the middle of the 2nd millennium, Nippur was restored once more to its former splendour. +After the middle of the 12th century BC follows a long period of neglect, but after with the conquest of Babylonia by the Assyrian Sargon II, at the close of the 8th century BC, the city revives. Under Ashurbanipal, about the middle of the 7th century BC, we find Ekur restored with a splendour greater than ever before, the ziggurat of that period being 58 by 39 m. +After that Nippur appears to have gradually fallen into decay, until finally, in the Seleucid period, the ancient temple was turned into a fortress. Huge walls were built at the edges of the ancient terrace, and the courts of the temple were filled with houses and streets. This fortress was occupied and further built upon until the close of the Parthian period, about AD 250. +Under the rule of the Sassanids Nippur fell into decay, and the ancient sanctuary became only a little village of mud huts huddled about the ancient ziggurat. The city was the seat of a Christian diocese as late as the 8th century AD. +Archaeology. +Nippur was situated on both sides of the Shatt-en-Nil canal, one of the earliest courses of the Euphrates. It lies between the present bed of that river and the Tigris, almost 160 km southeast of Baghdad. It is divided into two main parts by the dry bed of the old Shatt-en-Nil (Arakhat). The highest point of these ruins, a conical hill rising about 30 m above the level of the surrounding plain, northeast of the canal bed, is called by the Arabs "Bint el-Amiror" ('prince's daughter'). +Nippur was first excavated, briefly, by Sir Austen Henry Layard in 1851. +Full scale digging was begun by an expedition from the University of Pennsylvania. The work involved four seasons of excavation between 1889 and 1900. Nippur was also excavated for 19 seasons between 1948 and 1990. + += = = Bhirdana = = = +Bhirdana is a village in the Fatehabad district in the Indian state of Haryana. In 2003, archaeologists found the remains of an ancient town which belonged to the Indus Valley civilization. They found a well, part of a defensive town wall, pottery, bricks, and beads made from semi-precious stones. These are said to be about 5,000 years old. Archaeologists were looking for evidence of the Saraswati River, which has disappeared under farmlands. For many years people believed the river was a myth. It is now known that the village of Bhirdana was built on the banks of the river. + += = = Vassily Ivanchuk = = = +Vassily Ivanchuk, born 18 March 1969, is a Ukrainian chess grandmaster. +Chucky, as he is affectionately known, has been a leading player in the world since 1988, at times reaching the second spot on the FIDE list, but has never won the World Chess Championship. Ivanchuk has often had erratic results. Since 2007 his world ranking has ranged from twelfth to second, before dropping to 30th in July 2009. +He was the 2007–2008 World Blitz Chess champion. +He won Amber blindfold and rapid chess championship in 1992 and 2010. +Character. +Chucky has been described by Viswanathan Anand as the most eccentric player in the chess world. Anand gave his view on Ivanchuk like this: +When he plays, Ivanchuk rarely looks at the board. Instead he stares at the ceiling and at the walls with a blank stare (although this is not uncommon with top players who calculate without looking at the board). His playing style is unpredictable and highly original, making him a threat to any chess player, although it sometimes also leads to quick losses. +After a string of unsuccessful games culminated in his elimination at the early stages of the 2009 Chess World Cup, Ivanchuk announced, in a highly emotional interview, his retirement from professional chess. However, he soon recanted this decision. + += = = Dmitry Jakovenko = = = +Dmitry Jakovenko (born 29 June 1983) is a Russian chess grandmaster. +On the July 2009 FIDE rating list, Jakovenko had a rating of 2760, but he has slipped a bit since then. He shared first in the Russian Championship 2006, losing the playoff against Evgeny Alekseev. + += = = Vladimir Malakhov = = = +Vladimir Malakhov (born 27 November 1980) is a chess grandmaster from Russia. +He was a member of the gold medal-winning Russian team at the 2009 World Team Chess Championship in Bursa. +Malakhov is qualified as a nuclear physicist, and he used to be an amateur chess player. Now he's a professional chess player who works part-time as a nuclear physicist. + += = = David Guetta = = = +Pierre David Guetta (7 November 1967) is a French musician with Moroccan and Belgian roots. +He originally was a DJ at nightclubs during the 1980s and 1990s. He later co-founded "Gum Productions" and published his first album, "Just a Little More Love" in 2002. Later, he published "Guetta Blaster" (2004) and "Pop Life" (2007). His dance-pop album, "One Love" (2009) included the hit singles "When Love Takes Over" (featuring Kelly Rowland), "Sexy Bitch" (featuring Akon) and "Gettin' Over You" (featuring Chris Willis, Fergie & LMFAO). His album "Nothing but the Beat" (2011) was the most successful. In 2011, Guetta was voted the number one DJ in the world in the "DJ Mag" poll.. The latter became a top five hit in the US and all three reached number 1 in the UK. He has worked with many R&B, pop and hip hop artists including Akon, Chris Willis, Kelly Rowland, Lil' Wayne, Kelis, Madonna, Kid Cudi, Estelle, Fergie, Amy Palmer, K'naan, will.i.am, LMFAO, Dane Bowers, Flo Rida, Shakira, Julie Mcknight and apl.de.ap. + += = = Kevin Durant = = = +Kevin Wayne Durant (born September 29, 1988 in Washington, D.C., United States) is an American professional Basketball player for the Brooklyn Nets of the NBA. A small forward/shooting guard who is also capable of playing power forward, Durant was the consensus 2007 National College Player of the Year and the 2006–2007 Big 12 Player of the Year. After his freshman season at the University of Texas, Durant opted to enter the 2007 NBA Draft, where he was selected second overall pick by the Seattle SuperSonics. He scored 18 points in his first game. There he went on to win the NBA Rookie of the Year Award after his debut season. In 2007, Durant signed an endorsement contract with Nike. +On July 4, 2016, he signed with the Golden State Warriors. He played with the Oklahoma City Thunder from 2007-2016. He signed with the Brooklyn Nets in July 2019. +In March 2020, Durant, including three other Nets' players, tested positive for COVID-19. He was cured of the virus by April. + += = = Manganese(III) oxide = = = +Manganese(III) oxide is a chemical compound. It has manganese in its +3 oxidation state. Its chemical formula is Mn2O3. It is a brown or black solid. It is made by heating manganese(IV) oxide to a temperature lower than . It is made in an alkaline cell when it dies. + += = = Manganese(III) fluoride = = = +Manganese(III) fluoride, also known as manganese trifluoride, is a chemical compound. It contains manganese and fluoride ions. The manganese ions are in the +3 oxidation state. Its chemical formula is MnF3. It is a purple-pink powder. It is used to add fluoride ions to other chemical compounds. It is an oxidizing agent. It is made by heating manganese(II) fluoride with fluorine. These are in a solution of hydrofluoric acid. It decomposes to manganese(II) fluoride when heated. +It can form hydrofluoric acid when dissolved in water, so it can be dangerous. It should not be stored in glass. + += = = Manganese(II) fluoride = = = +Manganese(II) fluoride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is MnF2. It is made by reacting manganese(II) carbonate or manganese(II) oxide with hydrofluoric acid. It is used to make other manganese fluorides. It is also used in lasers. It is much less reactive than the other manganese fluorides. + += = = Manganese(IV) fluoride = = = +Manganese(IV) fluoride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is MnF4. It contains manganese and fluoride ions. The manganese ions are in the +4 oxidation state. It is a light blue-green solid. It is very reactive. It can form very reactive fluorine gas easily. It can be made by reacting fluorine or strong oxidizing agents containing fluorine with several manganese compounds. It was used to make fluorine without using electrolysis. It is much more reactive than manganese(IV) oxide. + += = = Manganese fluoride = = = +Manganese fluoride can refer to any of these following compounds: + += = = Res Gestae Divi Augusti = = = +The Res Gestae Divi Augusti (Latin: “Deeds of the divine Augustus”) is a funerary inscription detailing the life and achievements of the first Roman Emperor, Augustus. The original inscription, which has not survived, was engraved upon a pair of bronze pillars which were placed in front of Augustus' mausoleum. Various copies of the text were found throughout the Roman Empire, the most notable being a nearly full copy, written in both Greek and Latin, found preserved on a temple dedicated to Augustus in Ankara, Turkey. Most historians have concluded that Augustus wrote several versions during his life and kept updating them until the final version which is usually dated to the same year as Augustus' death in 14 AD. +As a source, the "Res Gestae" is not fully accurate. Whilst not lying, he does not mention some things such as his proscriptions of his enemies. He refers to his rival Marc Antony as 'a faction'. The inscription says much about the money he spent on the people, Rome and the empire. It also says frequently that he has "restored the republic" and only gains his titles because of the universal support from the people and, most importantly, the Senate. +Sections. +The "Res Gestae Divi Augusti" is grouped into four sections: + += = = Potassium fluoride = = = +Potassium fluoride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is KF. It contains potassium and fluoride ions. +Properties. +Potassium fluoride is a colorless crystalline solid. It rarely occurs in the ground. It dissolves easily in water. It can react with glass. Hydrofluoric acid is more effective at reacting with glass, though. It has to be stored in plastic or platinum containers. +Preparation. +Potassium fluoride is made by reacting potassium carbonate with hydrofluoric acid. This reaction can make potassium bifluoride. Potassium bifluoride is a mixture of hydrofluoric acid and potassium fluoride. +Uses. +It is used because of its fluoride ion. It can be used to add fluoride ions to some chemical compounds. +Safety. +Potassium fluoride is somewhat toxic. It is corrosive to glass. It can burn when spilled on skin. + += = = Goy = = = +Goy is a word used in the Jewish Bible for “Nation”. In the Roman times, it also began to mean “non-Jew”. +It is used for referring to non-Jewish groups of people. If it is used for multiple groups or nations, the plural word Goyim is used instead. + += = = Sodium permanganate = = = +Sodium permanganate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is NaMnO4. It contains sodium and permanganate ions. +Properties. +It is a purple-black crystalline solid. It can dissolve in water to make a bright pink solution. It dissolves in water more than potassium permanganate. It is more expensive than potassium permanganate. It also absorbs water from the air. It is a strong oxidizing agent. +Preparation. +It cannot be made in the way that potassium permanganate is made because sodium manganate is not made. It can be made by reacting pure manganese(IV) oxide with sodium hypochlorite. It can also be made by reacting potassium permanganate with certain sodium compounds. +Uses. +It can be used to make circuit boards. +Safety. +Permanganates are toxic. They are also strong oxidizing agents and should be kept away from things that can burn. + += = = Manganate = = = +Manganate normally means the MnO42- ion. It is a bright green ion. It is made during the making of permanganates. It is a weak reducing agent and moderate oxidizing agent. They are similar to the sulfate (SO42-) and chromate (CrO42-) ions. Potassium manganate is an example. + += = = Battle of the Catalaunian Plains = = = +The Battle of the Catalaunian Plains (also called the "Battle of Châlons-sur-Marne" or "Battle of Châlons") was a battle in 451 AD. It took place in Châlons-sur-Marne, in northeast Gaul (nowadays France). Roman legions commanded by Flavius Aetius allied with Visigoth soldiers led by Theodoric I, to defeat the armies of Attila the Hun. +Attila's armies consisted mainly of horsemen. The battle ended as a stalemate - and thus a victory for the West, the Huns having suffered too many losses to continue their attack. The battle of the Catalaunian Plains crushed Attila's dreams of invading the Roman empire, and ultimately was the end of his empire in Europe. But the battle also weakened the already fragile Western Roman Empire, which collapsed 25 years later, in 476. + += = = Greek fire = = = +Invented by Byzantines, Greek fire was a fearsome weapon. It had the ability to keep burning while on water. As such, it was often used in naval battles. The creation of it was a closely guarded secret and has now been lost. It was very similar to modern napalm, though it was weaker. Byzantine ships attached it to their fronts as a medival sort of flamethrower. After several accidents of the fire burning its own ship, it was no longer used. +The term "Greek fire" is normally used in English. However, most other languages use other terms such as "sea fire" (Greek: ��� ���������), "Roman fire" (��� ��������), "war fire" (��������� ���), "liquid fire" (����� ���), or "processed fire" (��� ���������). + += = = Siphonophore = = = +The Siphonophores are an order of cnidarian invertebrates in the class Hydrozoa. The Portuguese man o' war is an example. +A siphonophore is not a single animal. It is a colony of four kinds of zooids. Zooids are very small, highly modified individuals. All the zooids in a colony are genetically identical. These zooids are specialized polyps and medusoids. +Though structurally similar to other cnidarians, the zooids do not live by themselves: they are attached to each other. Each type of zooid is not self-sufficient. It depends for survival on the others doing what it cannot do by itself. +So close do the zooids fit together that the colony looks like a single individual. It was a triumph of 19th century biology to discover the real nature of the siphonophores. + += = = Potassium manganate = = = +Potassium manganate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is K2MnO4. It contains potassium and manganate ions. +Properties. +Potassium manganate is a green solid. It can disproportionate into potassium permanganate and manganese(IV) oxide. This happens in acidic pH. This reaction, because of its color change, is known as a "chemical chameleon". +Preparation. +It is made by reacting manganese(IV) oxide with very hot potassium hydroxide. Sometimes oxygen or potassium nitrate is used as the oxidizing agent. This makes potassium manganate. Normally the potassium manganate is converted to potassium permanganate. Potassium permanganate is more common. Potassium iodide can reduce potassium permanganate to potassium manganate. It can also be made by reacting hot potassium permanganate with potassium hydroxide. This makes oxygen and potassium manganate. +Uses. +Potassium manganate does not have many uses. It is mainly made when potassium permanganate is made. +Safety. +Potassium manganate is a moderate oxidizing agent. When it is reduced, it can made black or brown stains on glass, clothing, or skin. + += = = Sodium manganate = = = +Sodium manganate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Na2MnO4. It contains sodium and manganate ions. It is a bright green solid. It cannot be made by reacting manganese dioxide with sodium hydroxide, like potassium manganate is made. It is made by reacting hot sodium hydroxide with sodium permanganate. This releases oxygen and makes sodium manganate. It is more expensive than potassium manganate because it is harder to make. + += = = Hypomanganate = = = +Hypomanganate is an ion. Its chemical formula is MnO43-. It is bright blue. It disproportionates into manganates and manganese(IV) oxide easily. This can be stopped by adding a lot of a base. They are both reducing agents and oxidizing agents. They are made by reducing manganates with sulfites and hydrogen peroxide. + += = = Potassium hypomanganate = = = +Potassium hypomanganate is a chemical compound. It contains potassium and hypomanganate ions. It is a bright blue solid. It is unstable and rare. It can be made several ways: reduction of potassium permanganate with potassium sulfite; reduction of potassium manganate with hydrogen peroxide and potassium hydroxide; and disproportionation when manganese dioxide is dissolved in potassium hydroxide. It disproportionates into potassium manganate and manganese dioxide easily. Only a strong base can stop it from disproportionation. + += = = Potassium sulfite = = = +Potassium sulfite is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is K2SO3. It contains potassium and sulfite ions. +Properties. +It is a white crystalline solid. It is a reducing agent. It can react with oxidizing agents to make potassium sulfate. +Preparation. +It is made by reacting sulfur dioxide with potassium hydroxide. +Uses. +It is used to preserve food. Sulfites can cause allergies in some people, though. + += = = Ray Ceresino = = = +Ray Ceresino (April 24, 1929 – May 1, 2015) was a Canadian ice hockey left winger. He played for the Toronto Maple Leafs of the NHL. He was born in Port Arthur, Ontario. + += = = Tom Cook = = = +Thomas John Cook (May 7, 1907 – October 2, 1961) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward who played 348 games in the National Hockey League. Born in Fort William, Ontario, he played for the Montreal Maroons and Chicago Black Hawks. He won the Stanley Cup in 1934 with the Chicago Black Hawks. + += = = Dave Creighton = = = +David Theodore Creighton (June 24, 1930 – August 18, 2017) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward. He was born in Port Arthur, Ontario. +Creighton started his National Hockey League career with the Boston Bruins in 1948. He would also play with the Toronto Maple Leafs, Chicago Black Hawks, and New York Rangers. He left the NHL after the 1960 season. He played several more seasons in the AHL before retiring after the 1969 season. After this, he coached the Providence Reds from 1969 to 1970. +Creighton died at his home in Wesley Chapel, Florida on August 18, 2017 at the age of 87. + += = = Frank Daley = = = +Francis Patrick Denis "Dapper Dan" Daley (August 28, 1908 – October 15, 1968) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player who played for the Detroit Cougars in the National Hockey League (NHL). + += = = Reg Noble = = = +Edward Reginald Noble (June 23, 1895 – January 19, 1962) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward who played 17 professional seasons in the National Hockey Association (NHA) and National Hockey League (NHL) for the Toronto Blueshirts, Montreal Canadiens, Toronto St. Pats, Montreal Maroons, Detroit Cougars, Detroit Falcons and Detroit Red Wings. He was a three-time winner of the Stanley Cup, with Toronto and Montreal and was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1962. He was also the last active NHL player from both the NHL's inaugural season and the 1910s. +Career statistics. +Source: +Transactions. +Source: + += = = Larry Aurie = = = +Harry Lawrence "Little Dempsey" Aurie (February 8, 1905 in Sudbury, Ontario – December 12, 1952 in Detroit, Michigan) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger who played 11 seasons in the National Hockey League for the Detroit Cougars, Detroit Falcons and Detroit Red Wings. + += = = Hurricane Gloria = = = +Timeline. +Hurricane Gloria was an Atlantic tropical cyclone in September 1985. The storm was the first major storm to affect Long Island and New York directly since Hurricane Donna 25 years before. +The storm started as a tropical depression on September 16; it became Tropical Storm Gloria on September 17. +On September 18, it weakened back to a tropical depression. Two days later, it became a tropical storm again. +After being a weak tropical cyclone for several days, on September 22, Gloria became a hurricane. It quickly became stronger on September 24; the next day, its winds peaked at 145 mph. A 2008 reanalysis later found the winds had been even stronger. +On September 27, the hurricane struck eastern North Carolina as a Category 2 storm. It then moved up the East Coast of the United States. Later that day, the storm struck western Long Island, with winds of 85 mph. One hour after striking Long Island, it hit near Westport, Connecticut. +Gloria moved northeast through Atlantic Canada. +Damages. +Damage from the storm was $900 million. +The death toll from the storm was fourteen. +Naming. +The name "Gloria" was later retired and replaced with "Grace". + += = = Amherst, Nova Scotia = = = +Amherst is a Canadian town in northwestern Cumberland County, Nova Scotia. + += = = Immune system = = = +The immune system is the set of tissues which work together to resist infections. The immune mechanisms help an organism identify a pathogen, and neutralize its threat. +The immune system can detect and identify many different kinds of disease agents. Examples are viruses, bacteria and parasites. The immune system can detect a difference between the body's own healthy cells or tissues, and 'foreign' cells. Detecting an unhealthy intruder is complicated, because intruders can evolve and adapt so that the immune system will no longer detect them. +Once a foreign cell or protein is detected, the immune system creates antibodies to fight the intruders, and sends special cells ('phagocytes') to eat them up. +Innate immune system. +Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess enzyme systems that protect against viral infections. Basic immune mechanisms appeared in ancient life forms and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and insects. These mechanisms include antimicrobial peptides (called defensins), phagocytosis, and the complement system. These make up the innate immune system, which defends the host from infections in a non-specific way. The simplest innate system is the cell wall or barrier on the outside to stop intruders getting in. For example, skin stops most outside bacteria getting in. +The response. +The innate immune system responds very quickly to anything foreign that enters the body. When something gets past the skin, as through a cut, the immune cells work to find the intruder and to alert each other of the foreign object. Small immune cells bring other cells from all over the body to the site where the foreign object was found. Other immune cells can send out messengers to cells nearby to have them help attack the foreign object. This process can make the skin look red and feel hot. Phagocyte cells eat anything foreign that enters the body. This response is called non-specific because it responds the same way to anything foreign that enters the body from germs to a piece of dust. +Adaptive immune system. +Vertebrates, including humans, have much more sophisticated defense mechanisms. The innate immune system is found in all metazoa, but the adaptive immune system is only found in vertebrates. +The adaptive immune response gives the vertebrate immune system the ability to "recognize and remember specific pathogens". The system mounts stronger attacks each time the pathogen is encountered. It is adaptive, because the body's immune system prepares itself for future challenges.