saikiranpennam/new_cves_pps huggingface dataset:
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14477
Description:AdRem NetCrunch 10.6.0.4587 has Improper Credential Storage since the internal user database is readable by low-privileged users and passwords in the database are weakly encoded or encrypted.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14027
Description:Buffer overflow due to lack of upper bound check on channel length which is used for a loop. in Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in APQ8098, IPQ6018, IPQ8074, MSM8998, Nicobar, QCA8081, QCN7605, QCS404, QCS605, Rennell, SC8180X, SDA660, SDA845, SDM630, SDM636, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDM850, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SXR1130, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14924
Description:An issue was discovered in GCDWebServer before 3.5.3. The method moveItem in the GCDWebUploader class checks the FileExtension of newAbsolutePath but not oldAbsolutePath. By leveraging this vulnerability, an adversary can make an inaccessible file be available (the credential of the app, for instance).
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14861
Description:All Samba versions 4.x.x before 4.9.17, 4.10.x before 4.10.11 and 4.11.x before 4.11.3 have an issue, where the (poorly named) dnsserver RPC pipe provides administrative facilities to modify DNS records and zones. Samba, when acting as an AD DC, stores DNS records in LDAP. In AD, the default permissions on the DNS partition allow creation of new records by authenticated users. This is used for example to allow machines to self-register in DNS. If a DNS record was created that case-insensitively matched the name of the zone, the ldb_qsort() and dns_name_compare() routines could be confused into reading memory prior to the list of DNS entries when responding to DnssrvEnumRecords() or DnssrvEnumRecords2() and so following invalid memory as a pointer.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14532
Description:An issue was discovered in The Sleuth Kit (TSK) 4.6.6. There is an off-by-one overwrite due to an underflow on tools/hashtools/hfind.cpp while using a bogus hash table.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14498
Description:A divide-by-zero error exists in the Control function of demux/caf.c in VideoLAN VLC media player 3.0.7.1. As a result, an FPE can be triggered via a crafted CAF file.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14973
Description:_TIFFCheckMalloc and _TIFFCheckRealloc in tif_aux.c in LibTIFF through 4.0.10 mishandle Integer Overflow checks because they rely on compiler behavior that is undefined by the applicable C standards. This can, for example, lead to an application crash.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14070
Description:Possible use after free issue in pcm volume controls due to race condition exist in private data used in mixer controls in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in APQ8009, APQ8017, APQ8053, APQ8064, APQ8096AU, APQ8098, IPQ4019, IPQ6018, IPQ8064, IPQ8074, MDM9206, MDM9207C, MDM9607, MDM9615, MDM9640, MDM9650, MSM8905, MSM8909W, MSM8917, MSM8920, MSM8937, MSM8940, MSM8953, MSM8996AU, MSM8998, Nicobar, QCS605, QM215, Rennell, SA6155P, Saipan, SC8180X, SDA660, SDA845, SDM429, SDM429W, SDM439, SDM450, SDM630, SDM632, SDM636, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDX20, SDX24, SDX55, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SM8250, SXR1130, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14135
Description:Possible integer overflow to buffer overflow in WLAN while parsing nonstandard NAN IE messages. in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in APQ8009, APQ8017, APQ8053, APQ8096, APQ8096AU, IPQ8074, MDM9206, MDM9207C, MDM9607, MDM9640, MDM9650, MSM8996AU, QCA4010, QCA6174A, QCA6574AU, QCA6584AU, QCA8081, QCA9377, QCA9379, QCA9886, QCN7605, QCS405, QCS605, SA6155P, Saipan, SDA845, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDM850, SDX20, SDX24, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SXR1130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14565
Description:Insufficient initialization in Intel(R) SGX SDK Windows versions 2.4.100.51291 and earlier, and Linux versions 2.6.100.51363 and earlier, may allow an authenticated user to enable information disclosure, escalation of privilege or denial of service via local access.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14836
Description:A vulnerability was found that the 3scale dev portal does not employ mechanisms for protection against login CSRF. An attacker could use this flaw to access unauthorized information or conduct further attacks.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14709
Description:A cleartext password storage issue was discovered on MicroDigital N-series cameras with firmware through 6400.0.8.5. The file in question is /usr/local/ipsca/mipsca.db. If a camera is compromised, the attacker can gain access to passwords and abuse them to compromise further systems.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14359
Description:On BC Vault devices, a side channel for the row-based SSD1309 OLED display was found. The power consumption of each row-based display cycle depends on the number of illuminated pixels, allowing a partial recovery of display contents. For example, a hardware implant in the USB cable might be able to leverage this behavior to recover a data value. In other words, the side channel is relevant only if the attacker has enough control over the device's USB connection to make power-consumption measurements at a time when secret data is displayed. The side channel is not relevant in other circumstances, such as a stolen device that is not currently displaying secret data. NOTE: the vendor's position is that there is no security impact: the only potentially leaked information is the number of characters in the PIN
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14066
Description:Integer overflow in calculating estimated output buffer size when getting a list of installed Feature IDs, Serial Numbers or checking Feature ID status in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in Kamorta, MDM9205, MDM9607, Nicobar, QCS404, QCS405, Rennell, SA6155P, SC7180, SC8180X, SDX55, SM6150, SM7150, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14965
Description:An issue was discovered in Frappe Framework 10 through 12 before 12.0.4. A server side template injection (SSTI) issue exists.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14089
Description:u'Keymaster attestation key and device IDs provisioning which is a one time process is incorrectly allowed to be re-provisioned after a user data erase or a factory reset' in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in Kamorta, Nicobar, QCS404, QCS610, Rennell, SA515M, SA6155P, SC7180, SC8180X, SDX55, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SM8250, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14123
Description:Possible buffer overflow and over read possible due to missing bounds checks for fixed limits if we consider widevine HLOS client as non-trustable in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in Kamorta, QCS404, Rennell, SC7180, SDX55, SM6150, SM7150, SM8250, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14932
Description:The Recruitment module in Humanica Humatrix 7 1.0.0.681 and 1.0.0.203 allows remote attackers to access all candidates' information on the website via a modified selApp variable to personalData/resumeDetail.cfm. This includes personal information and other sensitive data.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14898
Description:The fix for CVE-2019-11599, affecting the Linux kernel before 5.0.10 was not complete. A local user could use this flaw to obtain sensitive information, cause a denial of service, or possibly have other unspecified impacts by triggering a race condition with mmget_not_zero or get_task_mm calls.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14031
Description:Buffer overflow can occur while parsing RSN IE containing list of PMK ID`s which are more than the buffer size in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in APQ8009, APQ8017, APQ8053, APQ8064, APQ8096, APQ8096AU, APQ8098, IPQ6018, IPQ8074, MDM9206, MDM9207C, MDM9607, MDM9640, MDM9650, MSM8996, MSM8996AU, MSM8998, Nicobar, QCA4531, QCA6174A, QCA6564, QCA6574, QCA6574AU, QCA6584, QCA6584AU, QCA8081, QCA9377, QCA9379, QCA9886, QCN7605, QCS405, QCS605, SA6155P, SC8180X, SDA660, SDA845, SDM630, SDM636, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDM850, SDX20, SDX24, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SM8250, SXR1130, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14877
Description:In the __mdiff function of the newlib libc library, all versions prior to 3.3.0 (see newlib/libc/stdlib/mprec.c), Balloc is used to allocate big integers, however no check is performed to verify if the allocation succeeded or not. The access to _wds and _sign will trigger a null pointer dereference bug in case of a memory allocation failure.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14748
Description:An issue was discovered in osTicket before 1.10.7 and 1.12.x before 1.12.1. The Ticket creation form allows users to upload files along with queries. It was found that the file-upload functionality has fewer (or no) mitigations implemented for file content checks; also, the output is not handled properly, causing persistent XSS that leads to cookie stealing or malicious actions. For example, a non-agent user can upload a .html file, and Content-Disposition will be set to inline instead of attachment.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14318
Description:Crypto++ 8.3.0 and earlier contains a timing side channel in ECDSA signature generation. This allows a local or remote attacker, able to measure the duration of hundreds to thousands of signing operations, to compute the private key used. The issue occurs because scalar multiplication in ecp.cpp (prime field curves, small leakage) and algebra.cpp (binary field curves, large leakage) is not constant time and leaks the bit length of the scalar among other information.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14733
Description:AdPlug 2.3.1 has multiple heap-based buffer overflows in CradLoader::load() in rad.cpp.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14699
Description:An issue was discovered on MicroDigital N-series cameras with firmware through 6400.0.8.5. An attacker can exploit OS Command Injection in the filename parameter for remote code execution as root. This occurs in the Mainproc executable file, which can be run from the HTTPD web server.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14363
Description:A stack-based buffer overflow in the upnpd binary running on NETGEAR WNDR3400v3 routers with firmware version 1.0.1.18_1.0.63 allows an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code via a crafted UPnP SSDP packet.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14226
Description:OX App Suite through 7.10.2 has Insecure Permissions.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14334
Description:An issue was discovered on D-Link 6600-AP, DWL-3600AP, and DWL-8610AP Ax 4.2.0.14 21/03/2019 devices. There is post-authenticated Certificate and RSA Private Key extraction through an insecure sslcert-get.cgi HTTP command.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14271
Description:In Docker 19.03.x before 19.03.1 linked against the GNU C Library (aka glibc), code injection can occur when the nsswitch facility dynamically loads a library inside a chroot that contains the contents of the container.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14288
Description:An issue was discovered in Xpdf 4.01.01. There is an Integer overflow in the function JBIG2Bitmap::combine at JBIG2Stream.cc for the "one byte per line" case.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14772
Description:verdaccio before 3.12.0 allows XSS.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14267
Description:PDFResurrect 0.15 has a buffer overflow via a crafted PDF file because data associated with startxref and %%EOF is mishandled.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14549
Description:An issue was discovered in EspoCRM before 5.6.9. Stored XSS was executed inside the title and breadcrumb of a newly formed entity available to all the users. A malicious user can inject JavaScript in these values of an entity, thus stealing user cookies when someone visits the publicly accessible link.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14119
Description:u'While processing SMCInvoke asynchronous message header, message count is modified leading to a TOCTOU race condition and lead to memory corruption' in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in IPQ6018, Kamorta, MDM9205, MDM9607, Nicobar, QCS404, QCS405, QCS605, QCS610, Rennell, SA415M, SA515M, SA6155P, SC7180, SC8180X, SDM670, SDM710, SDX24, SDX55, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SM8250, SXR1130, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14230
Description:An issue was discovered in the Viral Quiz Maker - OnionBuzz plugin before 1.2.7 for WordPress. One could exploit the id parameter in the set_count ajax nopriv handler due to there being no sanitization prior to use in a SQL query in saveQuestionVote. This allows an unauthenticated/unprivileged user to perform a SQL injection attack capable of remote code execution and information disclosure.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14247
Description:The scan() function in mad.c in mpg321 0.3.2 allows remote attackers to trigger an out-of-bounds write via a zero bitrate in an MP3 file.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14752
Description:SuiteCRM 7.10.x and 7.11.x before 7.10.20 and 7.11.8 has XSS.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14302
Description:On Ricoh SP C250DN 1.06 devices, a debug port can be used.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14928
Description:An issue was discovered on Mitsubishi Electric ME-RTU devices through 2.02 and INEA ME-RTU devices through 3.0. A number of stored cross-site script (XSS) vulnerabilities allow an attacker to inject malicious code directly into the application. An example input variable vulnerable to stored XSS is SerialInitialModemString in the index.php page.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14882
Description:A vulnerability was found in Moodle 3.7 to 3.7.3, 3.6 to 3.6.7, 3.5 to 3.5.9 and earlier where an open redirect existed in the Lesson edit page.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14494
Description:An issue was discovered in Poppler through 0.78.0. There is a divide-by-zero error in the function SplashOutputDev::tilingPatternFill at SplashOutputDev.cc.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14210
Description:An issue was discovered in Foxit PhantomPDF before 8.3.10. The application could be exposed to Memory Corruption due to the use of an invalid pointer copy, resulting from a destructed string object.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14355
Description:On ShapeShift KeepKey devices, a side channel for the row-based OLED display was found. The power consumption of each row-based display cycle depends on the number of illuminated pixels, allowing a partial recovery of display contents. For example, a hardware implant in the USB cable might be able to leverage this behavior to recover secret data shown on the display. In other words, the side channel is relevant only if the attacker has enough control over the device's USB connection to make power-consumption measurements at a time when secret data is displayed. The side channel is not relevant in other circumstances, such as a stolen device that is not currently displaying secret data. NOTE: the vendor's position is that there is "insignificant risk.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14705
Description:An Incorrect Access Control issue was discovered on MicroDigital N-series cameras with firmware through 6400.0.8.5 because any valid cookie can be used to make requests as an admin.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14586
Description:Use after free vulnerability in EDK II may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege, information disclosure and/or denial of service via adjacent access.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14093
Description:Array out of bound access can occur in display module due to lack of bound check on input parcel received in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables in APQ8009, APQ8017, APQ8053, APQ8096AU, APQ8098, MDM9206, MDM9207C, MDM9607, MDM9650, MSM8909W, MSM8917, MSM8920, MSM8937, MSM8940, MSM8953, MSM8996, MSM8996AU, QCM2150, QCS405, QCS605, QM215, SDA660, SDA845, SDM429, SDM429W, SDM439, SDM450, SDM632, SDM636, SDM660, SDX20
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14656
Description:Yealink phones through 2019-08-04 do not properly check user roles in POST requests. Consequently, the default User account (with a password of user) can make admin requests via HTTP.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14206
Description:An Arbitrary File Deletion vulnerability in the Nevma Adaptive Images plugin before 0.6.67 for WordPress allows remote attackers to delete arbitrary files via the $REQUEST['adaptive-images-settings'] parameter in adaptive-images-script.php.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14343
Description:TemaTres 3.0 has stored XSS via the value parameter to the vocab/admin.php?vocabulario_id=list URI.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14590
Description:Improper access control in the API for the Intel(R) Graphics Driver versions before 26.20.100.7209 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14085
Description:Possible Integer underflow in WLAN function due to lack of check of data received from user side in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile in QCN7605, QCS605, SDA845, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDM850, SM8150, SXR1130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14986
Description:eQ-3 Homematic CCU2 and CCU3 with the CUxD AddOn before 2.3.0 installed allow administrative operations by unauthenticated attackers with access to the web interface, because features such as File-Browser and Shell Command (as well as "Set root password") are exposed.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14601
Description:Improper permissions in the installer for Intel(R) RWC 3 for Windows before version 7.010.009.000 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14314
Description:A SQL injection vulnerability exists in the Imagely NextGEN Gallery plugin before 3.2.11 for WordPress. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability would allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary SQL commands on the affected system via modules/nextgen_gallery_display/package.module.nextgen_gallery_display.php.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14744
Description:In KDE Frameworks KConfig before 5.61.0, malicious desktop files and configuration files lead to code execution with minimal user interaction. This relates to libKF5ConfigCore.so, and the mishandling of .desktop and .directory files, as demonstrated by a shell command on an Icon line in a .desktop file.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14894
Description:A flaw was found in the CloudForms management engine version 5.10 and CloudForms management version 5.11, which triggered remote code execution through NFS schedule backup. An attacker logged into the management console could use this flaw to execute arbitrary shell commands on the CloudForms server as root.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14528
Description:GnuCOBOL 2.2 has a heap-based buffer overflow in read_literal in cobc/scanner.l via crafted COBOL source code.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14482
Description:AdRem NetCrunch 10.6.0.4587 has a hardcoded SSL private key vulnerability in the NetCrunch web client. The same hardcoded SSL private key is used across different customers' installations when no other SSL certificate is installed, which allows remote attackers to defeat cryptographic protection mechanisms by leveraging knowledge of this key from another installation.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14695
Description:A SQL injection vulnerability exists in the Sygnoos Popup Builder plugin before 3.45 for WordPress. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability would allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary SQL commands on the affected system via com/libs/Table.php because Subscribers Table ordering is mishandled.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14380
Description:libopenmpt before 0.4.5 allows a crash during playback due to an out-of-bounds read in XM and MT2 files.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14800
Description:The FV Flowplayer Video Player plugin before 7.3.15.727 for WordPress allows guests to obtain the email subscription list in CSV format via the wp-admin/admin-post.php?page=fvplayer&fv-email-export=1 URI.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14553
Description:Improper authentication in EDK II may allow a privileged user to potentially enable information disclosure via network access.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14416
Description:An issue was discovered in Veritas Resiliency Platform (VRP) before 3.4 HF1. An arbitrary command execution vulnerability allows a malicious VRP user to execute commands with root privilege within the VRP virtual machine, related to resiliency plans and custom script functionality.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14046
Description:Out of bound access while allocating memory for an array in camera due to improper validation of elements parameters in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music in QCS605, SDM439, SDX24
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14945
Description:The ultimate-member plugin before 2.0.54 for WordPress has XSS.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14292
Description:An issue was discovered in Xpdf 4.01.01. There is an out of bounds read in the function GfxPatchMeshShading::parse at GfxState.cc for typeA!=6 case 1.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14768
Description:An Arbitrary File Upload issue in the file browser of DIMO YellowBox CRM before 6.3.4 allows a standard authenticated user to deploy a new WebApp WAR file to the Tomcat server via Path Traversal, allowing remote code execution with SYSTEM privileges.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14338
Description:An issue was discovered on D-Link 6600-AP and DWL-3600AP Ax 4.2.0.14 21/03/2019 devices. There is a post-authentication admin.cgi?action= XSS vulnerability on the management interface.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14787
Description:The Tribulant Newsletters plugin before 4.6.19 for WordPress allows XSS via the wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=newsletters_load_new_editor contentarea parameter.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14857
Description:A flaw was found in mod_auth_openidc before version 2.4.0.1. An open redirect issue exists in URLs with trailing slashes similar to CVE-2019-3877 in mod_auth_mellon.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14011
Description:Multiple Read overflows issue due to improper length check while decoding 3G attach accept/ SMS/ pdn connection reject/ esm data transport/ bearer modify context reject in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables in APQ8009, APQ8053, APQ8096, APQ8096AU, APQ8098, MDM9150, MDM9205, MDM9206, MDM9207C, MDM9607, MDM9625, MDM9635M, MDM9640, MDM9645, MDM9650, MDM9655, MSM8905, MSM8909, MSM8909W, MSM8917, MSM8920, MSM8937, MSM8940, MSM8953, MSM8996AU, MSM8998, Nicobar, QCM2150, QCS605, QM215, Rennell, SC7180, SC8180X, SDA660, SDA845, SDM429, SDM429W, SDM439, SDM450, SDM630, SDM632, SDM636, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDM850, SDX20, SDX24, SDX55, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SXR1130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14441
Description:An issue was discovered in Libav 12.3. An access violation allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash), as demonstrated by avconv. This is related to ff_mpa_synth_filter_float in avcodec/mpegaudiodsp_template.c. NOTE: This may be a duplicate of CVE-2018-19129
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14284
Description:In the Linux kernel before 5.2.3, drivers/block/floppy.c allows a denial of service by setup_format_params division-by-zero. Two consecutive ioctls can trigger the bug: the first one should set the drive geometry with .sect and .rate values that make F_SECT_PER_TRACK be zero. Next, the floppy format operation should be called. It can be triggered by an unprivileged local user even when a floppy disk has not been inserted. NOTE: QEMU creates the floppy device by default.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14791
Description:The Appointment Booking Calendar plugin 1.3.18 for WordPress allows XSS via the wp-admin/admin-post.php editionarea parameter.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14841
Description:A flaw was found in the RHDM, where an authenticated attacker can change their assigned role in the response header. This flaw allows an attacker to gain admin privileges in the Business Central Console.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14512
Description:LimeSurvey 3.17.7+190627 has XSS via Boxes in application/extensions/PanelBoxWidget/views/box.php or a label title in application/views/admin/labels/labelview_view.php.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14007
Description:Due to the use of non-time-constant comparison functions there is issue in timing side channels which can be used as a potential side channel for SUI corruption in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in APQ8009, APQ8017, APQ8053, APQ8096, APQ8096AU, APQ8098, MDM9150, MDM9205, MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9650, MSM8905, MSM8909, MSM8917, MSM8920, MSM8937, MSM8940, MSM8953, MSM8996, MSM8996AU, MSM8998, Nicobar, QCS404, QCS405, QCS605, QM215, Rennell, SA6155P, SC7180, SDA660, SDA845, SDM429, SDM439, SDM450, SDM630, SDM632, SDM636, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDM850, SDX24, SDX55, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SXR1130, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14904
Description:A flaw was found in the solaris_zone module from the Ansible Community modules. When setting the name for the zone on the Solaris host, the zone name is checked by listing the process with the 'ps' bare command on the remote machine. An attacker could take advantage of this flaw by crafting the name of the zone and executing arbitrary commands in the remote host. Ansible Engine 2.7.15, 2.8.7, and 2.9.2 as well as previous versions are affected.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14379
Description:SubTypeValidator.java in FasterXML jackson-databind before 2.9.9.2 mishandles default typing when ehcache is used (because of net.sf.ehcache.transaction.manager.DefaultTransactionManagerLookup), leading to remote code execution.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14816
Description:There is heap-based buffer overflow in kernel, all versions up to, excluding 5.3, in the marvell wifi chip driver in Linux kernel, that allows local users to cause a denial of service(system crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14400
Description:cPanel before 78.0.18 allows local users to escalate to root access because of userdata cache misparsing (SEC-479).
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14688
Description:Trend Micro has repackaged installers for several Trend Micro products that were found to utilize a version of an install package that had a DLL hijack vulnerability that could be exploited during a new product installation. The vulnerability was found to ONLY be exploitable during an initial product installation by an authorized user. The attacker must convince the target to download malicious DLL locally which must be present when the installer is run.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14372
Description:In Libav 12.3, there is an infinite loop in the function wv_read_block_header() in the file wvdec.c.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14722
Description:In CentOS-WebPanel.com (aka CWP) CentOS Web Panel 0.9.8.851, an insecure object reference allows an attacker to delete an e-mail forwarding destination from a victim's account via an attacker account.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14237
Description:On NXP Kinetis KV1x, Kinetis KV3x, and Kinetis K8x devices, Flash Access Controls (FAC) (a software IP protection method for execute-only access) can be defeated by observing CPU registers and the effect of code/instruction execution.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14667
Description:Firefly III 4.7.17.4 is vulnerable to multiple stored XSS issues due to the lack of filtration of user-supplied data in the transaction description field and the asset account name. The JavaScript code is executed during a convert transaction action.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14958
Description:JetBrains PyCharm before 2019.2 was allocating a buffer of unknown size for one of the connection processes. In a very specific situation, it could lead to a remote invocation of an OOM error message because of Uncontrolled Memory Allocation.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14630
Description:Reliance on untrusted inputs in a security decision in some Intel(R) Thunderbolt(TM) controllers may allow unauthenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via physical access.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14333
Description:An issue was discovered on D-Link 6600-AP and DWL-3600AP Ax 4.2.0.14 21/03/2019 devices. There is a pre-authenticated denial of service attack against the access point via a long action parameter to admin.cgi.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14299
Description:Ricoh SP C250DN 1.05 devices have an Authentication Method Vulnerable to Brute Force Attacks. Some Ricoh printers did not implement account lockout. Therefore, it was possible to obtain the local account credentials by brute force.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14763
Description:In the Linux kernel before 4.16.4, a double-locking error in drivers/usb/dwc3/gadget.c may potentially cause a deadlock with f_hid.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14276
Description:WUSTL XNAT 1.7.5.3 allows XXE attacks via a POST request body.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14626
Description:Improper access control in PCIe function for the Intel® FPGA Programmable Acceleration Card N3000, all versions, may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14734
Description:AdPlug 2.3.1 has multiple heap-based buffer overflows in CmtkLoader::load() in mtk.cpp.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14671
Description:Firefly III 4.7.17.3 is vulnerable to local file enumeration. An attacker can enumerate local files due to the lack of protocol scheme sanitization, such as for file:/// URLs. This is related to fints_url to import/job/configuration, and import/create/fints.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14036
Description:Possible buffer overflow issue in error processing due to improper validation of array index value in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in APQ8064, APQ8096AU, IPQ4019, IPQ8064, IPQ8074, MDM9607, MDM9615, MDM9640, MSM8996AU, QCN7605
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14870
Description:All Samba versions 4.x.x before 4.9.17, 4.10.x before 4.10.11 and 4.11.x before 4.11.3 have an issue, where the S4U (MS-SFU) Kerberos delegation model includes a feature allowing for a subset of clients to be opted out of constrained delegation in any way, either S4U2Self or regular Kerberos authentication, by forcing all tickets for these clients to be non-forwardable. In AD this is implemented by a user attribute delegation_not_allowed (aka not-delegated), which translates to disallow-forwardable. However the Samba AD DC does not do that for S4U2Self and does set the forwardable flag even if the impersonated client has the not-delegated flag set.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14523
Description:An issue was discovered in Schism Tracker through 20190722. There is an integer underflow via a large plen in fmt_okt_load_song in the Amiga Oktalyzer parser in fmt/okt.c.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14718
Description:Verifone MX900 series Pinpad Payment Terminals with OS 30251000 have Insecure Permissions, with resultant svc_netcontrol arbitrary command injection and privilege escalation.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14431
Description:In MatrixSSL 3.8.3 Open through 4.2.1 Open, the DTLS server mishandles incoming network messages leading to a heap-based buffer overflow of up to 256 bytes and possible Remote Code Execution in parseSSLHandshake in sslDecode.c. During processing of a crafted packet, the server mishandles the fragment length value provided in the DTLS message.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14061
Description:Null-pointer dereference can occur while accessing the segment element info when it is not allocated and assigned in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables in APQ8009, APQ8017, APQ8053, APQ8064, APQ8096AU, APQ8098, MDM9206, MDM9207C, MDM9607, MSM8905, MSM8909W, MSM8917, MSM8920, MSM8937, MSM8939, MSM8940, MSM8953, MSM8996, MSM8996AU, Nicobar, QCS405, QCS605, QM215, Rennell, Saipan, SDA660, SDA845, SDM429, SDM429W, SDM439, SDM450, SDM630, SDM632, SDM636, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDX20, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SM8250, SXR1130, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14124
Description:Memory failure in content protection module due to not having pointer within the scope in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in Kamorta, QCS404, Rennell, SC7180, SDX55, SM6150, SM7150, SM8250, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14427
Description:XSS exists in WEB STUDIO Ultimate Loan Manager 2.0 by adding a branch under the Branches button that sets the notes parameter with crafted JavaScript code.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14974
Description:SugarCRM Enterprise 9.0.0 allows mobile/error-not-supported-platform.html?desktop_url= XSS.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14831
Description:A vulnerability was found in Moodle 3.7 to 3.7.1, 3.6 to 3.6.5, 3.5 to 3.5.7 and earlier unsupported versions, where forum subscribe link contained an open redirect if forced subscription mode was enabled. If a forum's subscription mode was set to "forced subscription", the forum's subscribe link contained an open redirect.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14132
Description:Buffer over-write when this 0-byte buffer is typecasted to some other structure and hence memory corruption in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Mobile in QCS605, SA6155P, SM8150
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14098
Description:Possible buffer overflow in data offload handler due to lack of check of keydata length when copying data in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in APQ8009, APQ8017, APQ8053, APQ8064, APQ8096, APQ8096AU, IPQ6018, IPQ8074, MDM9206, MDM9207C, MDM9607, MDM9640, MDM9650, MSM8996AU, Nicobar, QCA4531, QCA6174A, QCA6564, QCA6574, QCA6574AU, QCA6584, QCA6584AU, QCA9377, QCA9379, QCA9886, QCS405, QCS605, Rennell, SA6155P, SC8180X, SDA660, SDM630, SDM636, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDX20, SDX24, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SXR1130, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14309
Description:Ricoh SP C250DN 1.05 devices have a fixed password. FTP service credential were found to be hardcoded within the printer firmware. This would allow to an attacker to access and read information stored on the shared FTP folders.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14889
Description:A flaw was found with the libssh API function ssh_scp_new() in versions before 0.9.3 and before 0.8.8. When the libssh SCP client connects to a server, the scp command, which includes a user-provided path, is executed on the server-side. In case the library is used in a way where users can influence the third parameter of the function, it would become possible for an attacker to inject arbitrary commands, leading to a compromise of the remote target.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14923
Description:EyesOfNetwork 5.1 allows Remote Command Execution via shell metacharacters in the module/tool_all/ host field.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14470
Description:cosenary Instagram-PHP-API (aka Instagram PHP API V2), as used in the UserPro plugin through 4.9.32 for WordPress, has XSS via the example/success.php error_description parameter.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14535
Description:A divide-by-zero error exists in the SeekIndex function of demux/asf/asf.c in VideoLAN VLC media player 3.0.7.1. As a result, an FPE can be triggered via a crafted WMV file.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14866
Description:In all versions of cpio before 2.13 does not properly validate input files when generating TAR archives. When cpio is used to create TAR archives from paths an attacker can write to, the resulting archive may contain files with permissions the attacker did not have or in paths he did not have access to. Extracting those archives from a high-privilege user without carefully reviewing them may lead to the compromise of the system.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14811
Description:A flaw was found in, ghostscript versions prior to 9.50, in the .pdf_hook_DSC_Creator procedure where it did not properly secure its privileged calls, enabling scripts to bypass `-dSAFER` restrictions. A specially crafted PostScript file could disable security protection and then have access to the file system, or execute arbitrary commands.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14112
Description:Potential buffer overflow while processing CBF frames due to lack of check of buffer length before copy in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in APQ8098, IPQ6018, IPQ8074, MSM8998, Nicobar, QCA8081, QCN7605, QCS404, QCS605, Rennell, SC7180, SC8180X, SDA660, SDA845, SDM630, SDM636, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDM850, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SXR1130, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14407
Description:cPanel before 78.0.2 reveals internal data to OpenID providers (SEC-415).
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14684
Description:A DLL hijacking vulnerability exists in Trend Micro Password Manager 5.0 in which, if exploited, would allow an attacker to load an arbitrary unsigned DLL into the signed service's process. This process is very similar, yet not identical to CVE-2019-14687.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14391
Description:cPanel before 82.0.2 does not properly enforce Reseller package creation ACLs (SEC-514).
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14846
Description:In Ansible, all Ansible Engine versions up to ansible-engine 2.8.5, ansible-engine 2.7.13, ansible-engine 2.6.19, were logging at the DEBUG level which lead to a disclosure of credentials if a plugin used a library that logged credentials at the DEBUG level. This flaw does not affect Ansible modules, as those are executed in a separate process.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14450
Description:A directory traversal vulnerability was discovered in RepetierServer.exe in Repetier-Server 0.8 through 0.91 that allows for the creation of a user controlled XML file at an unintended location. When this is combined with CVE-2019-14451, an attacker can upload an "external command" configuration as a printer configuration, and achieve remote code execution. After exploitation, loading of the external command configuration is dependent on a system reboot or service restart.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14329
Description:An issue was discovered in EspoCRM before 5.6.6. There is stored XSS due to lack of filtration of user-supplied data in Create Task. A malicious attacker can modify the parameter name to contain JavaScript code.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14283
Description:In the Linux kernel before 5.2.3, set_geometry in drivers/block/floppy.c does not validate the sect and head fields, as demonstrated by an integer overflow and out-of-bounds read. It can be triggered by an unprivileged local user when a floppy disk has been inserted. NOTE: QEMU creates the floppy device by default.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14796
Description:The mq-woocommerce-products-price-bulk-edit (aka Woocommerce Products Price Bulk Edit) plugin 2.0 for WordPress allows XSS via the wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=update_options show_products_page_limit parameter.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14850
Description:A denial of service vulnerability was discovered in nbdkit 1.12.7, 1.14.1 and 1.15.1. An attacker could connect to the nbdkit service and cause it to perform a large amount of work in initializing backend plugins, by simply opening a connection to the service. This vulnerability could cause resource consumption and degradation of service in nbdkit, depending on the plugins configured on the server-side.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14016
Description:Integer overflow occurs while playing the clip which is nonstandard in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables in APQ8009, APQ8017, APQ8053, APQ8064, APQ8096AU, APQ8098, MDM9206, MDM9207C, MDM9607, MSM8905, MSM8909, MSM8909W, MSM8917, MSM8920, MSM8937, MSM8939, MSM8940, MSM8953, MSM8996, MSM8996AU, Nicobar, QCS605, QM215, SA6155P, SDA660, SDA845, SDM429, SDM429W, SDM439, SDM450, SDM632, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDX20, SM6150, SM8150, SM8250, SXR1130, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14915
Description:An issue was discovered in PRiSE adAS 1.7.0. Certificate data are not properly escaped. This leads to XSS when submitting a rogue certificate.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14104
Description:Slab-out-of-bounds access can occur if the context pointer is invalid due to lack of null check on pointer before accessing it in Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Mobile in APQ8053, SC8180X, SDX55, SM8150
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14807
Description:In the MobileFrontend extension 1.31 through 1.33 for MediaWiki, XSS exists within the edit summary field in includes/specials/MobileSpecialPageFeed.php.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14942
Description:An issue was discovered in GitLab Community and Enterprise Edition before 11.11.8, 12 before 12.0.6, and 12.1 before 12.1.6. Cookies for GitLab Pages (which have access control) could be sent over cleartext HTTP.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14411
Description:cPanel before 78.0.2 does not properly restrict demo accounts from writing to files via the DCV UAPI (SEC-473).
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14041
Description:During listener modified response processing, a buffer overrun occurs due to lack of buffer size verification when updating message buffer with physical address information in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables in APQ8009, APQ8017, APQ8053, APQ8096AU, APQ8098, MDM9206, MDM9207C, MDM9607, MDM9640, MDM9650, MSM8905, MSM8909W, MSM8917, MSM8953, MSM8996AU, Nicobar, QCM2150, QCS405, QCS605, QM215, Rennell, SA6155P, Saipan, SC8180X, SDA660, SDA845, SDM429, SDM429W, SDM439, SDM450, SDM632, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDX20, SDX24, SDX55, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SM8250, SXR1130, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14692
Description:AdPlug 2.3.1 has a heap-based buffer overflow in CmkjPlayer::load() in mkj.cpp.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14368
Description:Exiv2 0.27.99.0 has a heap-based buffer over-read in Exiv2::RafImage::readMetadata() in rafimage.cpp.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14387
Description:cPanel before 82.0.2 has Self XSS in the cPanel and webmail master templates (SEC-506).
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14743
Description:In Valve Steam Client for Windows through 2019-08-07, HKLM\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Valve\Steam has explicit "Full control" for the Users group, which allows local users to gain NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM access.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14981
Description:In ImageMagick 7.x before 7.0.8-41 and 6.x before 6.9.10-41, there is a divide-by-zero vulnerability in the MeanShiftImage function. It allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by sending a crafted file.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14082
Description:Potential buffer over-read due to lack of bound check of memory offset passed in WLAN firmware in Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in IPQ8074, MDM9206, MDM9207C, MDM9607, QCN7605, SM8150
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14201
Description:An issue was discovered in Das U-Boot through 2019.07. There is a stack-based buffer overflow in this nfs_handler reply helper function: nfs_lookup_reply.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14344
Description:TemaTres 3.0 has reflected XSS via the replace_string or search_string parameter to the vocab/admin.php?doAdmin=bulkReplace URI.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14978
Description:/payu/icpcheckout/ in the WooCommerce PayU India Payment Gateway plugin 2.1.1 for WordPress allows Parameter Tampering in the purchaseQuantity=1 parameter, as demonstrated by purchasing an item for lower than the intended price.
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14094
Description:Integer overflow in diag command handler when user inputs a large value for number of tasks field in the request packet in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in APQ8009, APQ8053, APQ8096AU, APQ8098, IPQ6018, IPQ8074, Kamorta, MDM9150, MDM9205, MDM9206, MDM9207C, MDM9607, MDM9625, MDM9635M, MDM9640, MDM9645, MDM9650, MDM9655, MSM8905, MSM8909, MSM8909W, MSM8917, MSM8920, MSM8937, MSM8940, MSM8953, MSM8996, MSM8996AU, MSM8998, Nicobar, QCA8081, QCM2150, QCN7605, QCS404, QCS405, QCS605, QM215, Rennell, SA415M, Saipan, SC7180, SC8180X, SDA660, SDA845, SDM429, SDM429W, SDM439, SDM450, SDM630, SDM632, SDM636, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDM850, SDX20, SDX24, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SM8250, SXR1130, SXR2130
Explain the vulnerability: CVE-2019-14997
Description:The AccessLogFilter class in Jira before version 8.4.0 allows remote anonymous attackers to learn details about other users, including their username, via an information expose through caching vulnerability when Jira is configured with a reverse Proxy and or a load balancer with caching or a CDN.