Question: Who developed the recovery model in mental health?

Disambiguated questions and answers:
context: William Anthony, Director of the Boston Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation developed a quaint cornerstone definition of mental health recovery in 1993. "Recovery is a deeply personal, unique process of changing one's attitudes, values, feelings, goals, skills and/or roles. It is a way of living a satisfying, hopeful, and contributing life even with limitations caused by the illness. Recovery involves the development of new meaning and purpose in one's life as one grows beyond the catastrophic effects of mental illness."
question: Who developed a definition for the recovery model in mental health?
short_answers: William Anthony
wikipage: Recovery approach

context: Application of recovery models to psychiatric disorders is comparatively recent. The concept of recovery can be traced back as far as 1840, when John Perceval, son of one of Britain's prime ministers, wrote of his personal recovery from the psychosis that he experienced from 1830 until 1832, a recovery that he obtained despite the "treatment" he received from the "lunatic" doctors who attended him. But by consensus the main impetus for the development came from within the consumer/survivor/ex-patient movement, a grassroots self-help and advocacy initiative, particularly within the United States during the late 1980s and early 1990s. The professional literature, starting with the psychiatric rehabilitation movement in particular, began to incorporate the concept from the early 1990s in the United States, followed by New Zealand and more recently across nearly all countries within the "First World". Similar approaches developed around the same time, without necessarily using the term recovery, in Italy, the Netherlands and the UK.
question: What group/movement mainly developed the recovery model in mental health during the 1980s and 1990s?
short_answers: a grassroots self-help and advocacy initiative

the consumer/survivor/ex-patient movement
wikipage: Recovery approach

context: The Tidal Model is a recovery model for the promotion of mental health developed by Professor Phil Barker, Poppy Buchanan-Barker and their colleagues. The Tidal Model focuses on the continuous process of change inherent in all people. It seeks to reveal the meaning of people's experiences, emphasising the importance of their own voice and wisdom through the power of metaphor. It aims to empower people to lead their own recovery rather than being directed by professionals.
question: Who developed the recovery model in mental health known as the Tidal Model?
short_answers: Phil Barker, Poppy Buchanan-Barker and their colleagues

Phil Barker
wikipage: Tidal Model

Long answers:
knowledge: content: the recovery model, recovery approach or psychological recovery is an approach to mental disorder or substance dependence that emphasizes and supports a person's potential for recovery.
wikipage: Recovery model

content: Since 2000, it has been put into practice in a number of settings in the UK and abroad
wikipage: Tidal Model
long_answer: The recovery model is an approach to mental disorders, that focus on the potential for a patient's recovery. The movement in the 1980s and 1990s that helped develop this method was the consumer/survivor/ex-patient movement. During this movement, in 1993, William Anthony came up with the definition for the recovery model and then in 2000 the Tidal Model, created by Phil Barker, was implemented in the UK.