sablo/dolly_curated huggingface dataset:
user: Using the supporting text, does EV help address the energy crisis?

Text: """
Although all cars have effects on other people, battery electric cars have major environmental benefits over conventional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), such as:

Elimination of harmful tailpipe pollutants such as various oxides of nitrogen, which kill thousands of people every year. EVs use 38 megajoules per 100 km in comparison to 142 megajoules per 100 km for ICE cars. Less CO2 emissions globally than fossil-fuelled cars, thus limiting climate change.  Plug-in hybrids capture most of these benefits when they are operating in all-electric mode.

Electric cars have some disadvantages, such as:

Possible increased particulate matter emissions from tires compared to fossil-fueled cars. This is sometimes caused by the fact that most electric cars have a heavy battery, which means the car's tires are subjected to more wear. This is drastically reduced when EV-rated weight-specific tires are used on the EV which are built specifically for the extra weight.[citation needed] Devices to capture tyre particulates are being developed.
The brake pads, however, can be used less frequently than in non-electric cars, if regenerative braking is available and may thus sometimes produce less particulate pollution than brakes in non-electric cars. Also, some electric cars may have a combination of drum brakes and disc brakes, and drum brakes are known to cause less particulate emissions than disc brakes.

Reliance on rare-earth elements such as neodymium, lanthanum, terbium, and dysprosium, and other critical metals such as lithium and cobalt,though the quantity of rare metals used differs per car. Despite the name rare earth metals are plentiful.They make up a tiny share of the minerals used to make a car."""

assistant: Electric cars (or electric vehicles, EVs) have a smaller environmental footprint than conventional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). While aspects of their production can induce similar, less or alternative environmental impacts, they produce little or no tailpipe emissions, and reduce dependence on petroleum, greenhouse gas emissions, and health effects from air pollution. Electric motors are significantly more efficient than internal combustion engines and thus, even accounting for typical power plant efficiencies and distribution losses, less energy is required to operate an EV. Manufacturing batteries for electric cars requires additional resources and energy, so they may have a larger environmental footprint from the production phase. EVs also generate different impacts in their operation and maintenance. EVs are typically heavier and could produce more tire and road dust air pollution, but their regenerative braking could reduce such particulate pollution from brakes. EVs are mechanically simpler, which reduces the use and disposal of engine oil.
user: What year did humankind walk on the moon?

assistant: 1969
user: Given this paragraph about David Bowie, in which decade might you describe his music as having peaked?

Text: """
David Robert Jones (8 January 1947 – 10 January 2016), known professionally as David Bowie (/ˈboʊi/ BOH-ee), was an English singer-songwriter and actor. A leading figure in the music industry, he is regarded as one of the most influential musicians of the 20th century. Bowie was acclaimed by critics and musicians, particularly for his innovative work during the 1970s. His career was marked by reinvention and visual presentation, and his music and stagecraft had a significant impact on popular music."""

assistant: 1970s
user: What was the most expensive watch ever sold at auction

Text: """
The most expensive watch ever sold at auction worldwide is the Patek Philippe Grandmaster Chime Ref. 6300A-010, which fetched 31.19 million US dollars (31,000,000 CHF) in Geneva on 9 November 2019 (by Christie's)."""

assistant: A Patek Philippe Grandmaster was sold for a reported 31.19 million USD
user: Correct the typos in this sentence

Text: """
Robert Ralph Furman is brn on August 21, 1915, in Trenton, New Jersey, on of five son of William and Leila Ficht Furman."""

assistant: Robert Ralph Furman was born on August 21, 1915, in Trenton, New Jersey, one of five sons of William and Leila Ficht Furman.
user: How large is South Africa's economy?

Text: """
South Africa has a mixed economy, the third largest in Africa, after Nigeria and Egypt and the 39th largest in the world. It also has a relatively high gross domestic product (GDP) per capita compared to other countries in sub-Saharan Africa US$16,040 at purchasing power parity as of 2023 ranked 95th. 

South Africa is ranked 40th by total Wealth, making it the second wealthiest country in Africa, and in terms of private wealth South Africa has a private wealth of $651 billion making it the wealthiest country in Africa by private wealth followed by Egypt with $307 billion and Nigeria with $228 billion.

Unlike most of the world's poor countries, South Africa does not have a thriving informal economy. Only 15% of South African jobs are in the informal sector, compared with around half in Brazil and India"""

assistant: South Africa has the third largest economy in Africa, and is the second wealthiest country on the continent, and the wealthiest by private wealth ($651 billion), followed by Egypt with $307 billion and Nigeria with $228 billion. South Africa's economy is mainly formal, with only 15% of jobs in the informal sector, compared with 50% in Brazil and India who have a thriving informal economy.
user: Who is Scarlett Johansson

Text: """
Scarlett Ingrid Johansson (/dʒoʊˈhænsən/; born November 22, 1984) is an American actress. The world's highest-paid actress in 2018 and 2019, she has featured multiple times on the Forbes Celebrity 100 list. Time named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2021. Her films have grossed over $14.3 billion worldwide, making Johansson the highest-grossing box office star of all time. She has received various accolades, including a Tony Award and a British Academy Film Award, in addition to nominations for two Academy Awards and five Golden Globe Awards."""

assistant: Scarlett Ingrid Johansson, born November 22, 1984, is an American actress. The world's highest-paid actress in 2018 and 2019, she has featured multiple times on the Forbes Celebrity 100 list. Time named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2021. Her films have grossed over $14.3 billion worldwide, making Johansson the highest-grossing box office star of all time. She has received various accolades, including a Tony Award and a British Academy Film Award, in addition to nominations for two Academy Awards and five Golden Globe Awards.
user: From the passage provided, extract the gross earnings of the movie Iron Man

Text: """
Iron Man premiered in Sydney on April 14, 2008, and was released in the United States on May 2, being the first film in Phase One of the MCU. It grossed over $585 million, becoming the eighth-highest grossing film of 2008. The film received praise from critics, especially for Downey's performance, as well as Favreau's direction, visual effects, action sequences, and writing. It was selected by the American Film Institute as one of the ten best films of 2008, received two nominations at the 81st Academy Awards for Best Sound Editing and Best Visual Effects. In 2022, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". Two sequels have been released: Iron Man 2 (2010) and Iron Man 3 (2013)."""

assistant: over $585 million
user: What is the population of St. Paul?

Text: """
St. Paul is a town in Russell and Wise counties in the U.S. state of Virginia.  The population was 970 at the 2010 census.  Virginia City Hybrid Energy Center, which powers 150,000 homes, is located in St. Paul.The St. Paul Historic District and Virginia City Church are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.0 square miles (2.6 km2), of which, 1.0 square miles (2.5 km2) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.1 km2) of it (3.92%) is water.As of the census of 2000, there were 1,000 people, 464 households, and 302 families living in the town. The population density was 1,023.2 people per square mile (394.0/km2). There were 496 housing units at an average density of 507.5 per square mile (195.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 95.70% White, 1.80% African American, 0.60% Native American, 0.50% Asian, 0.10% from other races, and 1.30% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.50% of the population.There were 464 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.5% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.9% were non-families. 33.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.72.In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.6% under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 19.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.1 males.The median income for a household in the town was $24,833, and the median income for a family was $39,125. Males had a median income of $31,563 versus $25,313 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,735. About 15.1% of families and 19.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.4% of those under age 18 and 15.2% of those age 65 or over.St. Paul is home to one public school, St. Paul Elementary School. The school features unique programs such as the Wetlands Estonoa Project.Clinch RiverMatthews ParkOxbow LakeSugar Hill Loop TrailWetlands Estonoa and the Wetlands Estonoa ProjectSpearhead TrailRidge Runner CampgroundRailroad MuseumClinch River DaysFourth of July CelebrationSt. Paul is home to an online newspaper, the Clinch Valley Times.Steven Jason Williams, also known as Boogie2988  (born July 24, 1974), a YouTuber, video blogger and comedian, is originally from St. Paul.St. Paul Official Website"""

assistant: The population of St. Paul as of the 2020 census was 1000. There were 646 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18. St. Paul is a town in Russell and Wise counties in the U.S. state of Virginia.
user: What is the first name of Stephen Curry?

Text: """
Wardell Stephen Curry II (/ˈstɛfən/ STEF-ən; born March 14, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Widely regarded as one of the greatest basketball players of all time, and as the greatest shooter in NBA history, Curry is credited with revolutionizing the sport by inspiring teams and players to take more three-point shots. A nine-time NBA All-Star and eight-time All-NBA selection, including four times on the first team, he has been named the NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) twice, won four NBA championships, and received an NBA Finals MVP Award and an NBA All-Star Game MVP Award."""

assistant: Wardell is the first name of Stephen Curry, who is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors. It is knowns as one of the greatest basketball players of all time.
user: What is Sogndal?

Text: """
Sogndal is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located on the northern shore of the Sognefjorden in the traditional district of Sogn. The village of Hermansverk is the administrative center of Sogndal municipality. Other villages include Kaupanger, Kjørnes, Fimreite, Nornes, and Fjærland. Sogndal Airport, Haukåsen is located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southwest of Kaupanger."""

assistant: Sogndal is a small city in southwestern Norway with a population of about 12,000
user: What is the plot of Yu-Gi-Oh?

Text: """
Yu-Gi-Oh! tells the tale of Yugi Mutou, a timid young boy who loves all sorts of games, but is often bullied around. One day, he solves an ancient puzzle known as the Millennium Puzzle (千年パズル, Sennen Pazuru), causing his body to play host to a mysterious spirit with the personality of a gambler. From that moment onwards, whenever Yugi or one of his friends is threatened by those with darkness in their hearts, this other Yugi shows himself and challenges them to dangerous Shadow Games (闇のゲーム, Yami no Gēmu, lit. "Games of Darkness") which reveal the true nature of someone's heart, the losers of these contests often being subjected to a dark punishment called a Penalty Game (罰ゲーム, Batsu Gēmu). Whether it be cards, dice, or role-playing board games, he will take on challenges from anyone, anywhere.

As the series progresses, Yugi and his friends learn that this person inside of his puzzle is actually the spirit of a nameless Pharaoh from Ancient Egyptian times, who had lost his memories. As Yugi and his companions attempt to help the Pharaoh regain his memories, they find themselves going through many trials as they wager their lives facing off against gamers that wield the mysterious Millennium Items (千年アイテム, Sennen Aitemu) and the dark power of the Shadow Games."""

assistant: Yu-Gi-Oh! is about a boy named Yugi Mutou who plays a card game called Yu-Gi-Oh! He solves the Millennium Puzzle so his body now hosts the spirit of a gambler as well, and takes on various challenges against enemies. Most often, the challenge is the Yu-Gi-Oh! card game but sometimes it will be alternate games such as dice or board games. As the show moves forward, Yugi and his friends discover the spirit is actually an Ancient Egyptian Pharaoh with amnesia so they try to help him regain his memories by facing additional challenges from gamers with Millennium items.
user: Tell me some important points about AICF from the given passage.

Text: """
The All India Carrom Federation (AICF) (Hindi: अखिल भारतीय कैरम फेडरेशन) is India's national sport federation for the indigenous game of carrom, sanctioning six to seven national-level tournaments per year. It is India's representative body in the International Carrom Federation. The AICF has 15 regional and 28 state subnational affiliate institutions, the largest of which is the Maharashtra Carrom Association, further subdivided into local organisations."""

assistant: 1. India's national sports federation for the traditional game of carrom, the All India Carrom Federation (AICF), annually approves six to seven national-level competitions.
2. It serves as the International Carrom Federation's representative for India.
3. The AICF has 28 state-level affiliate institutions, 15 regional affiliate institutions, and 15 local affiliate institutions, the largest of which is the Maharashtra Carrom Association.
user: Who won the 2022 NBA Finals?

assistant: Golden State Warriors
user: Where can I find a bristly bellflower in the wild?

Text: """
Campanula cervicaria, also known as the bristly bellflower, is a species of flowering plant in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. Native to Scandinavia and central Europe, C. cervicaria has also become naturalised in parts of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Its natural habitat is woodland edges, hillside meadows, dry meadows and banks, and it also flourishes where soil has been disturbed, for example after slash-and-burn or forest clearance. The plant has a hairy stem, with light blue flowers about 1 to 2 centimetres (0.4 to 0.8 in) long and grouped together. This C. cervicaria flower was photographed in Keila, Estonia."""

assistant: The bristly bellflower (Campanula cervicaria) is native to Scandinavia and Central Europe. You can find it in hillside meadows and woodland edges. It flourishes in places where soil has been upturned.
user: When was the first idea of mobile phone developed, and was it created or commercialized at that time?

Text: """
A handheld mobile radio telephone service was envisioned in the early stages of radio engineering. In 1917, Finnish inventor Eric Tigerstedt filed a patent for a "pocket-size folding telephone with a very thin carbon microphone". Early predecessors of cellular phones included analog radio communications from ships and trains. The race to create truly portable telephone devices began after World War II, with developments taking place in many countries. The advances in mobile telephony have been traced in successive "generations", starting with the early zeroth-generation (0G) services, such as Bell System's Mobile Telephone Service and its successor, the Improved Mobile Telephone Service. These 0G systems were not cellular, supported few simultaneous calls, and were very expensive."""

assistant: The early idea of mobile phone goes back to the early stages of radio engineering. It was in 1917 that a Finnish inventor Eric Tigerstedt filed a patent for a "pocket-size folding telephone with a very thin carbon microphone". 
No, the real handheld mobile radio telephones were not created or commercialized at that time. It was after World War II that the race to create truly portable telephone devices began with developments taking place in many countries.
user: What are transistors made from?

Text: """
Most transistors are made from very pure silicon, and some from germanium, but certain other semiconductor materials are sometimes used. A transistor may have only one kind of charge carrier, in a field-effect transistor, or may have two kinds of charge carriers in bipolar junction transistor devices. Compared with the vacuum tube, transistors are generally smaller and require less power to operate. Certain vacuum tubes have advantages over transistors at very high operating frequencies or high operating voltages. Many types of transistors are made to standardized specifications by multiple manufacturers."""

assistant: silicon, germanium
user: Using the following text, list the top 4 drugs by revenue for Pfizer in 2022?

Text: """
Pfizer Inc. (/ˈfaɪzər/ FY-zər) is an American multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology corporation headquartered on 42nd Street in Manhattan, New York City. The company was established in 1849 in New York by two German entrepreneurs, Charles Pfizer (1824–1906) and his cousin Charles F. Erhart (1821–1891).

Pfizer develops and produces medicines and vaccines for immunology, oncology, cardiology, endocrinology, and neurology. The company's largest products by sales are the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine ($37 billion in 2022 revenues), Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir ($18 billion in 2022 revenues), Apixaban ($6 billion in 2022 revenues), a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ($6 billion in 2022 revenues), and Palbociclib ($5 billion in 2022 revenues). In 2022, 42% of the company's revenues came from the United States, 8% came from Japan, and 50% came from other countries.

Pfizer was a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average stock market index from 2004 to August 2020. The company ranks 43rd on the Fortune 500 and 43rd on the Forbes Global 2000."""

assistant: 1. Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine
2. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir 
3. Apixaban 
4. Palbociclib
user: Why is free climbing called free climbing?

Text: """
Most of the climbing done in modern times is considered free climbing—climbing using one's own physical strength, with equipment used solely as protection and not as support—as opposed to aid climbing, the gear-dependent form of climbing that was dominant in the sport's earlier days. Free climbing is typically divided into several styles that differ from one another depending on the choice of equipment used and the configurations of their belay, rope and anchor systems."""

assistant: Free climbing is named so because it is performed solely using one's own physical strength, "free" from any support from equipment other than as protection. That is, gear is never used to help a climber actually climb, only to catch them in case they fall.
user: Given this paragraph about grunge guitarists, what types of amplifiers would typically be preferred?

Text: """
Grunge is generally characterized by a sludgy electric guitar sound with a thick middle register and rolled-off treble tone and a high level of distortion and fuzz, typically created with small 1970s-style stompbox pedals, with some guitarists chaining several fuzz pedals together and plugging them into a tube amplifier and speaker cabinet.Grunge guitarists use very loud Marshall guitar amplifiers and some used powerful Mesa-Boogie amplifiers, including Kurt Cobain and Dave Grohl (the latter in early, grunge-oriented Foo Fighters songs). Grunge has been called the rock genre with the most "lugubrious sound"; the use of heavy distortion and loud amps has been compared to a massive "buildup of sonic fog" or even dismissed as "noise" by one critic.As with metal and punk, a key part of grunge's sound is very distorted power chords played on the electric guitar."""

assistant: Some grunge guitarists use loud Marshall or Mesa-Boogie amplifiers.
user: When did the gallipoli campaign take place?

Text: """
The Gallipoli campaign was a military campaign in the First World War that took place on the Gallipoli peninsula (Gelibolu in modern Turkey), from 19 February 1915 to 9 January 1916. The Entente powers, Britain, France and the Russian Empire, sought to weaken the Ottoman Empire, one of the Central Powers, by taking control of the Ottoman straits. This would expose the Ottoman capital at Constantinople to bombardment by Allied battleships and cut it off from the Asian part of the empire. With Turkey defeated, the Suez Canal would be safe and a year-round Allied supply route could be opened through the Black Sea to warm-water ports in Russia."""

assistant: The gallipoli campaign took place from the 19th of February 1915 to the 9th of January 1916.
user: How many seasons did Shaq have over 30 ppg

Text: """
On the team's first full day at the Olympics in Atlanta, the media announced that O'Neal would join the Los Angeles Lakers on a seven-year, $121 million contract. O'Neal insisted he did not choose Los Angeles for the money; discussing the signing he referred to a couple of his product endorsements, saying: "I'm tired of hearing about money, money, money, money, money. I just want to play the game, drink Pepsi, wear Reebok." The Lakers won 56 games during the 1996–97 season. O'Neal averaged 26.2 points and 12.5 rebounds in his first season with Los Angeles; however, he again missed over 30 games due to injury. The Lakers made the playoffs, but were eliminated in the second round by the Utah Jazz in five games. In his first playoff game for the Lakers, O'Neal scored 46 points against the Portland Trail Blazers, the most for the Lakers in a playoff game since Jerry West had 53 in 1969. On December 17, 1996, O'Neal shoved Dennis Rodman of the Chicago Bulls; Rodman's teammates Scottie Pippen and Michael Jordan restrained Rodman and prevented further conflict. The Los Angeles Daily News reported that O'Neal was willing to be suspended for fighting Rodman, and O'Neal said: "It's one thing to talk tough and one thing to be tough."

The following season, O'Neal averaged 28.3 points and 11.4 rebounds. He led the league with a 58.4 field goal percentage, the first of five consecutive seasons in which he did so. The Lakers finished the season 61–21, first in the Pacific Division, and were the second seed in the western conference during the 1998 NBA Playoffs. After defeating the Portland Trail Blazers and Seattle SuperSonics in the first two rounds, the Lakers again fell to the Jazz, this time in a 4–0 sweep."""

assistant: Shaquille O'Neal had three seasons over 30 points per game, all of which were with the Los Angeles Lakers. He had his first season with the Lakers in 1995-96, when he averaged 30.4 points per game. He had his second season in 1996-97, when he averaged 29.7 points per game. He had his final season with the Lakers in 2000-01, when he averaged 31.2 points per game.
user: What is Chess?

Text: """
Chess is a board game for two players, called White and Black, each controlling an army of chess pieces in their color, with the objective to checkmate the opponent's king. It is sometimes called international chess or Western chess to distinguish it from related games, such as xiangqi (Chinese chess) and shogi (Japanese chess). The recorded history of chess goes back at least to the emergence of a similar game, chaturanga, in seventh-century India. The rules of chess as we know them today emerged in Europe at the end of the 15th century, with standardization and universal acceptance by the end of the 19th century. Today, chess is one of the world's most popular games, played by millions of people worldwide.

Chess is an abstract strategy game that involves no hidden information and no use of dice or cards. It is played on a chessboard with 64 squares arranged in an eight-by-eight grid. At the start, each player controls sixteen pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two bishops, two knights, and eight pawns. White moves first, followed by Black. Checkmating the opponent's king involves putting the king under immediate attack (in "check") whereby there is no way for it to escape. There are also several ways a game can end in a draw.

Organized chess arose in the 19th century. Chess competition today is governed internationally by FIDE (the International Chess Federation). The first universally recognized World Chess Champion, Wilhelm Steinitz, claimed his title in 1886; Magnus Carlsen is the current World Champion. A huge body of chess theory has developed since the game's inception. Aspects of art are found in chess composition, and chess in its turn influenced Western culture and art, and has connections with other fields such as mathematics, computer science, and psychology.

One of the goals of early computer scientists was to create a chess-playing machine. In 1997, Deep Blue became the first computer to beat the reigning World Champion in a match when it defeated Garry Kasparov. Today's chess engines are significantly stronger than the best human players and have deeply influenced the development of chess theory."""

assistant: Chess is a board game played by two players where there are multiple pieces for each person/side, that can be moved in certain ways on the board and can capture other pieces. The end goal is to checkmate the King piece. This game requires a lot of smart intelligent strategy.
user: Who were fighting each other in this battle and what's the consequence of it

Text: """
The Battle of Kuningtou or Battle of Guningtou, also known as the Battle of Kinmen, was a battle fought over Kinmen in the Taiwan Strait during the Chinese Civil War in 1949. The failure of the Communists to take the island left it in the hands of the Kuomintang (Nationalists) and crushed their chances of taking Taiwan to destroy the Nationalists completely in the war."""

assistant: Chinese Nationalist and Chinese Communists fought this battle during Chinese Civil War in 1949. Chinese Nationalist won the battle which deterred Chinese Communists from taking over Taiwan, the last stronghold of Chinese Nationalist government fled from mainland in 1949 until today.
user: What is type 1 diabetes?

Text: """
Type 1 diabetes (T1D), formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disease that originates when cells that make insulin (beta cells) are destroyed by the immune system. Insulin is a hormone required for the cells to use blood sugar for energy and it helps regulate glucose levels in the bloodstream. Before treatment this results in high blood sugar levels in the body. The common symptoms of this elevated blood sugar are frequent urination, increased thirst, increased hunger, weight loss, and other serious complications. Additional symptoms may include blurry vision, tiredness, and slow wound healing. Symptoms typically develop over a short period of time, often a matter of weeks."""

assistant: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where beta cells that make insulin are destroyed by the immune system. Insulin is required to help regulate glucose levels in the bloodstream.
user: What is the capital of Mongolia?

Text: """
Mongolia (/mɒŋˈɡoʊliə/ (listen)) is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of 1,564,116 square kilometres (603,909 square miles), with a population of just 3.3 million, making it the world's most sparsely populated sovereign nation. Mongolia is the world's largest landlocked country that does not border a closed sea, and much of its area is covered by grassy steppe, with mountains to the north and west and the Gobi Desert to the south. Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city, is home to roughly half of the country's population."""

assistant: Ulaanbaatar is the capital of Mongolia
user: How was Elon Musk involved in Paypal?

Text: """
Individuals whom the media refers to as members of the PayPal Mafia include:

Peter Thiel, PayPal founder and former chief executive officer who is sometimes referred to as the "don" of the PayPal Mafia
Max Levchin, founder and chief technology officer at PayPal
Elon Musk, co-founder of Zip2, founder of X.com which merged with Confinity to form PayPal. Musk later founded SpaceX, co-founded Tesla, Inc., co-founded OpenAI, Neuralink, founded The Boring Company, and became owner of Twitter, Inc.
David O. Sacks, former PayPal COO who later founded Geni.com and Yammer
Scott Banister, early advisor and board member at PayPal.
Roelof Botha, former PayPal CFO who later became a partner and Senior Steward of venture capital firm Sequoia Capital
Steve Chen, former PayPal engineer who co-founded YouTube.
Reid Hoffman, former executive vice president who later founded LinkedIn and was an early investor in Facebook, Aviary
Ken Howery, former PayPal CFO who became a partner at Founders Fund
Chad Hurley, former PayPal web designer who co-founded YouTube
Eric M. Jackson, who wrote the book The PayPal Wars and became chief executive officer of WND Books and co-founded CapLinked
Jawed Karim, former PayPal engineer who co-founded YouTube
Jared Kopf, former PayPal (executive assistant to Peter Thiel) who co-founded Slide, HomeRun and NextRoll
Dave McClure, former PayPal marketing director, a super angel investor for start up companies
Andrew McCormack, co-founder of Valar Ventures
Luke Nosek, PayPal co-founder and former vice president of marketing and strategy, became a partner at Founders Fund with Peter Thiel and Ken Howery
Keith Rabois, former executive at PayPal who later worked at LinkedIn, Slide, Square, Khosla Ventures, and currently with Peter Thiel at Founders Fund, and personally invested in Tokbox, Xoom, Slide, LinkedIn, Geni, Room 9 Entertainment, YouTube, and Yelp
Jack Selby, former vice president of corporate and international development at PayPal who co-founded Clarium Capital with Peter Thiel, later becoming managing director of Grandmaster Capital Management
Premal Shah, former product manager at PayPal, became the founding president of Kiva.org
Russel Simmons, former PayPal engineer who co-founded Yelp Inc.
Jeremy Stoppelman, former vice president of technology at PayPal who later co-founded Yelp
Yishan Wong, former engineering manager at PayPal, later worked at Facebook and became the CEO of Reddit"""

assistant: Elon Musk founded X.com, which merged with Confinity to form Paypal.
user: Who was Lawrence Grant White based on the text?

Text: """
Lawrence Grant White (September 26, 1887 – September 8, 1956) was an American architect, a partner in the architectural firm of McKim, Mead & White, co-founded by his father Stanford White, and for five years the president of the National Academy of Design."""

assistant: He was an American Architect, and was the President of the National Academy of Design for 5 years.
user: Why did TSMC choose Arizona for its chip manufacturing

Text: """
On the face of it, Arizona, a state known for its Grand Canyon and barren deserts, might seem an odd choice for an industry that demands huge amounts of water. But water, it turns out, is one of the least concerns. Semiconductor manufacturing needs a big ecosystem to get the best cost position. Semiconductor manufacturing need to have not just one company or one fab, but a big cluster of 10 to 15 of these things, to be able to get that world class performance and to be able to build a big enough ecosystem around you.This includes everything from equipment suppliers, which are needed to update and perform maintenance on chipmaking machines, to companies providing chemicals and other materials needed in making chips.Arizona has such a complete semiconductor supply chain already is thanks in no small part to Intel. Back in 1980, Intel started manufacturing microcontroller chips at its facility in Chandler, Arizona which is now Intel's largest manufacturing site in the world. In addition to Intel, leading semiconductor makers including NXP, ON Semiconductor, Qualcomm, Microchip, Broadcom and Benchmark Electronics have also built facilities in the state. Apart from its cluster of semiconductor companies, geopolitics have also worked in Arizona's favor. Arizona was also a more politically savvy state for fresh investment than strongly Democratic Washington. Arizona Gov. Doug Ducey, a Republican, was a close ally of Trump throughout both of his presidential campaigns"""

assistant: TSMC chose Arizona for its chip making facility because Arizona already has an ecosystem of  equipment suppliers, fabrication units. Having an ecosystem makes it cost effective. Also Arizona is home to other chip companies like Intel, NXP, ON semiconductor, Qualcomm, Microchip, Broadcom and Benchmark Electronics. Also geopolitics then worked in favor of Arizona state. Arizona is a Republican state then and under Trump presidency would have given more incentives for the chip makers establishment.
user: From this text, find out the pros and cons of dredging

Text: """
Dredging is the excavation of material from a water environment. Possible reasons for dredging include improving existing water features; reshaping land and water features to alter drainage, navigability, and commercial use; constructing dams, dikes, and other controls for streams and shorelines; and recovering valuable mineral deposits or marine life having commercial value. In all but a few situations the excavation is undertaken by a specialist floating plant, known as a dredger.

Dredging is carried out in many different locations and for many different purposes, but the main objectives are usually to recover material of value or use, or to create a greater depth of water. Dredges have been classified as suction or mechanical. Dredging systems can either be shore-based, brought to a location based on barges, or built into purpose built vessels.

Dredging has significant environmental impacts: it can disturb marine sediments, leading to both short- and long-term water pollution, destroy important seabed ecosystems, and can release legacy human-sourced toxins captured in the sediment. These environmental impacts can significantly hurt marine wildlife populations, contaminate sources of drinking water and interrupt economic activities such as fishing."""

assistant: The benefits of dredging are:
1. improves existing water features for better drainage, navigability, and commercial use
2. important for constructing dams, dikes, and other controls for streams and shorelines
3. helps in recovering valuable mineral deposits or marine life having commercial value

The demerits of dredging are related to its severe environmental impact, for example:
1. it can disturb marine sediments, leading to both short- and long-term water pollution
2. it can destroy important seabed ecosystems
3. it can release legacy human-sourced toxins captured in the sediment
All the above impacts can significantly hurt marine wildlife populations, contaminate sources of drinking water and interrupt economic activities such as fishing.
user: What is Lady Gaga's real name?

Text: """
Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta (/ˈstɛfəni ˌdʒɜːrməˈnɒtə/ (listen) STEF-ən-ee JUR-mə-NOT-ə; born March 28, 1986), known professionally as Lady Gaga, is an American singer, songwriter and actress. She is known for her image reinventions and musical versatility. Gaga began performing as a teenager, singing at open mic nights and acting in school plays. She studied at Collaborative Arts Project 21, through the New York University Tisch School of the Arts, before dropping out to pursue a career in music. After Def Jam Recordings canceled her contract, she worked as a songwriter for Sony/ATV Music Publishing, where she signed a joint deal with Interscope Records and KonLive Distribution, in 2007. Gaga had her breakthrough the following year with her debut studio album, The Fame, and its chart-topping singles "Just Dance" and "Poker Face". The album was later reissued to include the extended play The Fame Monster (2009), which yielded the successful singles "Bad Romance", "Telephone", and "Alejandro"."""

assistant: Lady Gaga is the professional name for Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta.
user: When was Lure of the Swamp released?

Text: """
Lure of the Swamp is a 1957 American drama film directed by Hubert Cornfield and written by William George, based on the 1953 novel of the same name by Gil Brewer. The film stars Marshall Thompson, Willard Parker, Joan Vohs, Jack Elam, Leo Gordon and Joan Lora. The film was released in May 1957 by 20th Century-Fox."""

assistant: Lure of the Swamp was released by 20th Century-Fox in May 1957 and is an American drama film directed by Hubert Cornfield and written by William George. Lure of the Swamp is based on the 1953 novel of the same name by Gil Brewer.
user: What is COCOMO

Text: """
The Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO) is a procedural software cost estimation model developed by Barry W. Boehm. The model parameters are derived from fitting a regression formula using data from historical projects (63 projects for COCOMO 81 and 163 projects for COCOMO II)."""

assistant: COCOMO is a software cost/effort estimation tool built on regression algorithm
user: As per the passage whose works did Narendranath study?

Text: """
In 1871, at the age of eight, Narendranath enrolled at Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar's Metropolitan Institution, where he went to school until his family moved to Raipur in 1877. In 1879, after his family's return to Calcutta, he was the only student to receive first-division marks in the Presidency College entrance examination.  He was an avid reader in a wide range of subjects, including philosophy, religion, history, social science, art and literature. He was also interested in Hindu scriptures, including the Vedas, the Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita, the Ramayana, the Mahabharata and the Puranas. Narendra was trained in Indian classical music, and regularly participated in physical exercise, sports and organised activities. Narendra studied Western logic, Western philosophy and European history at the General Assembly's Institution (now known as the Scottish Church College). In 1881, he passed the Fine Arts examination, and completed a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1884. Narendra studied the works of David Hume, Immanuel Kant, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Baruch Spinoza, Georg W. F. Hegel, Arthur Schopenhauer, Auguste Comte, John Stuart Mill and Charles Darwin. He became fascinated with the evolutionism of Herbert Spencer and corresponded with him, translating Herbert Spencer's book Education (1861) into Bengali. While studying Western philosophers, he also learned Sanskrit scriptures and Bengali literature."""

assistant: David Hume, Immanuel Kant, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Baruch Spinoza, Georg W. F. Hegel, Arthur Schopenhauer, Auguste Comte, John Stuart Mill and Charles Darwin.
user: How is the film Merrily We Roll Along being filed?

Text: """
On August 29, 2019, Blumhouse Productions acquired the rights to make a Merrily We Roll Along film, with Richard Linklater directing the film and producing along with Ginger Sledge, Jason Blum, and Jonathan Marc Sherman. Ben Platt, Beanie Feldstein and Blake Jenner were cast to star in the film. Production on the film was announced to commence every couple of years to reflect the characters age over 20 years, similar to how Boyhood (also written and directed by Linklater) was shot over 12 years. The film is based on the latest version of Furth's book, which was adapted by Linklater into the film's screenplay.

Jenner exited the film in 2019 (following the filming of the "Our Time" sequence) following allegations of domestic abuse made by his ex-wife Melissa Benoist. Paul Mescal took over the role of Franklin Shepard proceeding forward, and the sequence was reshot."""

assistant: Director Richard Linklater plans to shoot the film Merrily We Roll Along over 20 years, shooting a few scenes each year to accurately capture the actors as they age. This is similar to how Linklater filmed his previous film, Boyhood, which was shot with the same actors over 12 years.
user: Where is John Rahm from?

assistant: Barrika, Spain
user: What does CMWCs stand for?

Text: """
The Cycle Messenger World Championships, or CMWCs, are an annual urban cycling competition whereby cycle messengers and cycling enthusiasts showcase their skills in an array of events, many of which simulate everyday tasks for a cycle messenger. Each year, the CMWCs are held in a different city around the world, with each host city designing its own unique course. The highlight of the CMWCs is the main race in which cyclists are given manifests and must pickup and deliver items to various locations around the host city as quickly and efficiently as possible. The total number of pickups and deliveries, or "drop offs" is unknown to the messengers before the race, but has been known to reach up to 100 stops and usually takes between 3–4 hours to complete. The cyclist who completes all of the assigned deliveries in the least amount of time wins the race. In addition to the main race there are also several side events which have become increasingly popular over the past few years. These events change yearly depending on the discretion of the host city but usually include backward circles, bike polo, bunnyhop, cargo race, longest skid, sprints, and trackstand."""

assistant: The Cycle Messenger World Championships
user: Van Halen (/væn ˈheɪlɛn/ van HAY-len) was an American rock band formed in Pasadena, California, in 1973. Credited with "restoring hard rock to the forefront of the music scene",[2] Van Halen was known for its energetic live shows[3] and for the virtuosity of its lead guitarist, Eddie Van Halen.[4][5] The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2007.

Text: """
Where and when did Van Halen start as a band?"""

assistant: formed in Pasadena, California, in 1973
user: What is Lorraine

Text: """
Lorraine[Note 1] is a cultural and historical region in Northeastern France, now located in the administrative region of Grand Est. Its name stems from the medieval kingdom of Lotharingia, which in turn was named after either Emperor Lothair I or King Lothair II. Lorraine later was ruled as the Duchy of Lorraine before the Kingdom of France annexed it in 1766.

From 1982 until January 2016, Lorraine was an administrative region of France. In 2016, under a reorganisation, it became part of the new region Grand Est. As a region in modern France, Lorraine consisted of the four departments Meurthe-et-Moselle, Meuse, Moselle and Vosges (from a historical point of view the Haute-Marne department is located in the region), containing 2,337 communes. Metz is the regional prefecture. The largest metropolitan area of Lorraine is Nancy, which had developed for centuries as the seat of the duchy.

Lorraine borders Germany, Belgium, and Luxembourg. Its inhabitants are called Lorrains and Lorraines in French and number about 2,356,000."""

assistant: Lorraine is a region located in Northeaster France, called Grand Est. It is consisted of the four departments Meuthe-et-Moselle, Meuse, Moselle and Vosges, containing 2,337 communes. Metz is the regional prefecture, and the largest metropolitan area of Lorraine is Nancy. 
The region Lorraine borders Germany, Belgium and Luxembourg. Its inhabitants are called Lorrains and Lorraines in French and number about 2,356,000.

Lorraine is also a common name given to female individuals, in France but also in english english speaking countries such as Canada, United States or United Kingdom.
user: Name the vocalists of Vengaboys.

Text: """
Vengaboys (/ˈbɛŋ.ɡæ.bɔɪz/) is a Dutch Eurodance music group based in Rotterdam. The group was the creation of Dutch producers Wessel van Diepen and Dennis van den Driesschen (known as Danski and Delmundo). It consists of lead vocalist Kim Sasabone, female vocalist Denise Post-Van Rijswijk and male vocalists Robin Pors and Donny Latupeirissa. Casting and selection of the act was done by van Diepen.
The group enjoyed commercial success in the late 1990s. They are best known for their hit singles "We Like to Party", "Boom, Boom, Boom, Boom!!", and "We're Going to Ibiza", the latter two of which topped the UK Singles Chart. They have sold an estimated 25 million records worldwide. On 2 May 2001, the World Music Awards gave Vengaboys the award for best-selling dance group of the year. In 2019, Dutch online newspaper Nu.nl called Vengaboys the most successful Dutch pop group in history."""

assistant: The vocalists of Vengaboys are Kim Sasabone, Denise Post-Van Rijswijk, Robin Pors and Donny Latupeirissa.
user: Who is Sasha? How does her life compare to Becky?

Text: """
A lonely twentysomething, Becky Green, becomes obsessed with the suicide of her estranged childhood friend Chloe and assumes a new identity as Sasha to engineer a "chance" meeting with Chloe's best friend, Livia, at an art event, followed by another run-in at a yoga class.

Sasha then infiltrates Chloe's group of close-knit friends. She also gains a job outside her genuine work experience through Livia's contacts as she attempts to discover why Chloe died. Through her new alter-ego, she leads a life that is far more exciting than her life as Becky.

A series of flashbacks reveals that Becky had two missed calls from Chloe minutes before her death. As Sasha, Becky eventually uncovers the truth of Chloe’s clandestine activities she has hidden from her husband and friends.

Becky starts an affair with Chloe's widowed husband, Elliot; whereas the rest of the group including Elliot's mother disapproves of their relationship. Elliot decides to run for election, Becky and Livia run his campaign along with Elliot's friend Nish."""

assistant: Sasha is a new identity assumed by Becky in order to engineer a "chance" meeting with Chloe's best friend, Livia, at an art event, followed by another run-in at a yoga class. Becky continues to live life as both Becky and Sasha. Sasha infiltrates Chloe's group of close-knit friends and ends up gaining a job outside her genuine work experience. Sasha leads a life that is far more exciting than her life as Becky.
user: Please summarize President Joe Biden's statement below.

Text: """
I’ve directed my team to bring every element of the federal government together to help with immediate needs and long-term rebuilding. Early this morning, I approved an expedited major disaster declaration to quickly provide Federal assistance to the people of Arkansas. This weekend, I reached out to Governor J.B. Pritzker of Illinois and spoke with Governor Sarah Huckabee Sanders, Little Rock Mayor Frank Scott Jr., and Wynne Mayor Jennifer Hobbs of Arkansas as well as Governor John Carney of Delaware to let them know that my administration will do everything we can to help, as long as it takes. I also spoke with my FEMA Administrator, who already has teams on the ground and is in Arkansas today to coordinate Federal response and recovery efforts. We are working closely with the state of Indiana and other impacted states as they assess damages, and stand ready to respond to any additional requests for Federal assistance."""

assistant: I approved disaster assistance for Arkansas. I told Arkansas leaders that the federal government will help. I spoke with the FEMA Administrator, who is coordinating efforts. We will work with other states that need assistance.