George Gershwin

Si George Gershwin (Setyembre 26, 1898 – Hulyo 11, 1937) ay isang Amerikanong kompositor at piyanista. Ang mga gawain ni Gershwin ay naging kilala sa parehong popular at klasikal na henero at ang kanyang mga popular na melodiya ay kilala.

Siya ang sumulat ng karamihan ng kanyang mga gawaing pantinig at pangtanghalan kasama na ang ilang doenang mga palabas na Broadway sa kanyang pakikipagtulungan niya sa kanyang nakatatandang kapatid na lyrikista na nagngangalang Ira Gershwin.

Si George Gershwin ang gumawa ng tugtog para sa parehong Broadway ay ang mga tanghalang klasikal at kasama na rin ang mga kilalang mga kanta na nagpadala sa kanyang mga gawain sa mas malawak pang mga manonood. Ang kanayng mga gawain ay nagamit sa maraming mga pelikula at sa telebisyon at marami sa kanila ang naging mga pamantayan sa jazz ay naitala sa maraming pag-iiba. Maraming bilang ng mga kumakanta, manunulat at at manunugtog ay nagtala sa mga kanta ni Gershwin.

Mga gawa 

Orchestral
 Rhapsody in Blue (para sa piano at orchestra, 1924)
 Piano Concerto in F (1925)
 An American in Paris (para sa orchestra, 1928)
 Second Rhapsody, tunay na pinangalanan bilang Rhapsody in Rivets (para sa piano and orchestra, 1931)
 Cuban Overture (1932), tunay na pinangalangang Rumba
 Variations on "I Got Rhythm" (para sa piano at orchestra) (1934)
 Catfish Row (1936) nakabatay sa Porgy and Bess
Solo Piano
 Preludes For Piano (1926)
 George Gershwin's Songbook (1932) (piano arrangements of eighteen songs)
London Musicals
 Primrose (1924)
Broadway Musicals
 George White's Scandals (1920–1924) (featuring, at one point, the 1922 one-act opera Blue Monday)
 Lady, Be Good (1924)
 Tip-Toes (1925)
 Tell Me More! (1925)
 Oh, Kay! (1926)
 Strike up the Band (1927)
 Funny Face (1927)
 Rosalie (1928)
 Show Girl (1929)
 Girl Crazy (1930)
 Of Thee I Sing (1931)
 Pardon My English (1933)
 Let 'Em Eat Cake (1933)
 My One and Only (1983) (isang orihinal na 1983 na musical gamit ang mga dating kanta ni Gershwin)
 Crazy for You (1992), isang inibang bersyon ng Girl Crazy, isinulat at inipon na walang pagsali nina George at Ira Gershwin.
Opera
 Porgy and Bess (1935; ito ay unang pinakilala sa Broadway, hindi sa bahay opera)
Mga pelikula na kung saan gumawa si gershwin ng mga komposisyon
 Delicious (1931) (bahagi ng Second Rhapsody ay ginamit sa pelikulang ito)
 Shall We Dance (1937) (tunay na orchestra ni Gershwin, walang pagtatala ang naganap sa makabagong istereo, ang ibang bahagi ay hindi naitala)
 A Damsel in Distress (1937)
 The Goldwyn Follies (1938) 
 The Shocking Miss Pilgrim (1947) (ginamit ang mga kantang nakaraa'y hindi nagamit)

Mga sanggunian 
 Rimler, Walter George Gershwin : An Intimate Portrait (2009), University of Illinois Press, ISBN 0-252-03444-9
 Hyland, William G. George Gershwin : A New Biography (2003), Praeger Publishers, ISBN 0-275-98111-8
 Jablonski, Edward Gershwin (1987), Doubleday, ISBN 0-385-19431-5
 Kimball, Robert & Alfred Simon. The Gershwins (1973), Athenium, New York, ISBN 0-689-10569
 Mawer, Deborah (Editor). Cross, Jonathan (Series Editor). The Cambridge Companion to Ravel (Cambridge Companions to Music) (2000), Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-64856-4
 Peyser, Joan. The Memory of All That:The Life of George Gershwin (2007), Hal Leonard Corporation, ISBN 1-4234-1025-4
 Pollack, Howard. George Gershwin. His Life and Work (2006), University of California Press, ISBN 978-0-520-24864-9
 Rimler, Walter. A Gershwin Companion (1991), Popular Culture ISBN 1-56075-019-7
 Sloop, Gregory. "What Caused George Gershwin's Untimely Death?" Journal of Medical Biography 9 (February 2001): 28–30

Magbasa pa 
 Carnovale, Norbert. George Gershwin: a Bio-Bibliography (2000. ) Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-26003-2 ISBN 0-313-26003-6
 Alpert, Hollis. The Life and Times of Porgy and Bess: The Story of an American Classic (1991). Nick Hern Books. ISBN 101854590545
 Feinstein, Michael. Nice Work If You Can Get It: My Life in Rhythm and Rhyme (1995), Hyperion Books. ISBN 0-7868-8220-4
 Jablonski, Edward. Gershwin Remembered (2003). Amadeus Press. ISBN 0-931340-43-8
 Rosenberg, Deena Ruth. Fascinating Rhythm: The Collaboration of George and Ira Gershwin (1991). University of Michigan Press ISBN 978-0-472-08469-2
 Sheed, Wilfred. The House That George Built: With a Little Help from Irving, Cole, and a Crew of About Fifty (2007). Random House. ISBN 100812970187
 Suriano, Gregory R. (Editor). Gershwin in His Time: A Biographical Scrapbook, 1919–1937 (1998). Diane Pub Co. ISBN 10075675660X
 Wyatt, Robert and John Andrew Johnson (Editors). The George Gershwin Reader (2004). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-513019-7

Mga kawing panlabas 
 International Jose Guillermo Carrillo Foundation
 
 MusicalTalk Podcast on George Gershwin (part one of two)
 MusicalTalk Podcast on George Gershwin (part two of two)
 Official Site
 Classical.net Gershwin page
 Anecdotage: Gershwin Gershwin Anecdotes (with sources noted)
 GershwinFan.com — The Gershwin Educational Fanpage 
 George Gershwin at the Internet Broadway Database
 
 George Gershwin Bio at Jewish-American Hall of Fame
 George Gershwin Collection at the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin
 George Gershwin and The Great American Songbook
 George Gershwin WWI draft card at National Archives
 Alysia Lee and Faith McCoy perform songs by Gershwin and others from the Great American Songbook — Bloomingdale School of Music, 2009 

Mga kompositor mula sa Estados Unidos