Tulang tonggong

Dina anatomi manusa, tulang tonggong hartina kolom nu disusun ku vertebrae, sacrum, cakram invertebral, jeung coccyx di bagian dorsal torso, anu dipisahkeun ku cakram tulang tonggong. Ieu kolom téh ngimahan saraf dina kanal tulang tonggong.

Kurva 
Tulang tonggong dibagi kana sababaraha kurva luyu jeung perenahna: beuheung, dada, cangkéng, jeung imbit.

Ngaran-ngaran vertebrae 
Unggal vertebrae dingaranan luyu jeung perenahna, ti luhur ka handap

Beuheung (sandina 'C' tina cervical) – 7 vertebrae (C1-C7)
 C1 katelahna "atlas", nyambung jeung tangkorak; C2 katelahna "aksis"
 Possesses bifid spinous processes, which is absent in C7
 Ukuranana leutik

Dada (sandina 'T' tina thoracic) – 12 vertebrae (T1-T12)
 Ditangtukeun ku ayana costal facets for the articulation of the héads of ribs
 Ukuranana sedeng, antara vertebra beuheung jeung cangkéng

Cangkéng (sandina 'L' tina lumbar) – 5 vertebrae (L1-L5)
 Ukuranana badag
 Teu boga costal facets nor transverse process foramina

Imbit kabagi dua:
 Sacral – 5 (ngahiji) vertebrae (S1-S5)
 Coccygeal – 4 (ngahiji) vertebrae (Co1-Co4)

Kanal tulang tonggong 
Kanal tulang tonggong (vertebral canal) nuturkeun kurva-kurva dina kolom; gedé bentuk segi tiga di bagian kolom anu bisa ojah loba, kayaning dina beuheung jeung cangkéng; leutik bentuk buleud di bagian dada anu teu bosa loba ojah.

Rujukan 
 Vertebral column. Disalin 31 Agustus 2007.

Tumbu kaluar 
 North American Spine Society Organisasi kadokteran multidisiplin anu ngampanyeukeun mulasara tulang tonggong.
 Spinal Cord Injuries Australia (tadina Australian Quadriplegic Association AQA, ngadeg 1967) nyadiakeun rupa-rupa émbaran nu patali. 
 Spinal anatomy and back pain
 Spine anatomy illustrations
 Vertebral column basics 
 Spinal Term Glossary
 The Spinal Column  spinehéalthlife.com

Sistim rangka