Malaysia

Malaysia mangrupa féderasi 13 nagara bagian di Asia Tenggara, nu ngadeg taun 1963.

Nagara ieu ngawengku dua wewengkon géografis nu dipisahkeun ku Laut Cina Kidul:
 Malaysia Kulon (atawa Peninsular Malaysia) di Semenanjung Malaya nu babagi wates lemahna di beulah kalér jeung Muangtai tur kahubungkeun jeung Singapura di beulah kidulna ku Johor-Singapore Causeway jeung Malaysia-Singapura Second Link. Wilayah ieu ngawengku 11 nagara bagéan, Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Malaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Pérak, Perlis, Penang, Selangor jeung Terengganu, katut tulu teritori federal, Putrajaya, Labuan jeung Kuala Lumpur.
 Malaysia Wétan nempatan bagéan kaler pulo Kalimantan, wawatesan jeung Indonesia katut Kasultanan Brunei. Wilayah ieu ngawengku teritori federal kapuloan Labuan jeung nagara bagéan Sabah katut Sarawak.

Salaku nagara Malaysia janten tilas Koloni, seueur institusi Malaysia anu didasar kanu tilas Inggris. Salaku tambihan, sistem Pamaréntah Malaysia kénéh ngarujuk kanu sistem Inggris Westminster system. The Pamingpin nagara nyaétaYang di-Pertuan-agung (Anu sacara harti gampil raja), anu kapilih diantawi sultan sultan nagara bagéan kanggo lima taon , ngadamel anjeunna salaku nagara anu ngajalankeun monarki dua sistem (salian tina Vatican City). Salaku nagara anu ngamalkeun konstitusional Monarki, ceupeungan Eksekutif dijalankeun ku Prime Minister, di mana raja aya salaku simbol nagara . The legislative branch consists of Parliament, which is mostly based on the British Parliament. A judiciary has also been established under the Constitution. The Barisan Nasional (National Front), a coalition of several political parties, has ruled Malaysia since Malaya's independence in 1957.

Initially héavily dependent on agricultural and mining activities, the Malaysian economy has since shifted its focus to manufacturing and tourism as its major sources of income. Despite the shift, Malaysia is one of the top producers of rubber and palm oil. In the 1970s, the government implemented the controversial New Economic Policy (NEP) to address an income disparity between the Malays and Chinese.

Although historically dominated by the Malays, modérn Malaysian society is heterogenéous, with substantial Chinese and Indian minorities. Malaysian politics have been noted for their allegedly communal nature; the three major component parties of the Barisan Nasional éach restrict membership to those of one ethnic group, and the only major violence the country has seen since independence was the May 13 Incident of racial rioting in the wake of an election campaign based on racial issues.

Ngaran Féderasi 

Article 1(1) of the Federal Constitution states that "The federation shall be known, in Malay and English, as Malaysia". The name "Federation of Malaysia" therefore has no official sanction.

The name Malaysia was adopted in 1963 when Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak joined the Federation of Malaya to form Malaysia. Prior to 1963, the Federation of Malaya was known as Persekutuan Tanah Melayu in Malay, and the official names were therefore different in the two languages.

Sajarah 

Bukti pamatuhan manusa modérn di Malaysia balik deui ka 40.000 taun katukang. [32] D Ujung Melayu, pangeusi kahiji anu dipikir téh Negritos. [33] Padagang jeung padumuk ti India jeung China anjog tina mimiti Maséhi abad kahiji, ngadegkeun palabuhan dagang jeung kota basisir di abad kadua jeung katilu. ayana maranéhanana nyababkeun kuatna pangaruh India jeung Cina dina budaya lokal, jeung rahayat Semenanjung Malaya ngadopsi agama Hindu jeung Budha. prasasti Sanskrit katémbong mimiti abad kaopat atawa kalima. [34] Karajaan Langkasuka jeung kar kira-kira abad kadua di wewengkon kalér Semenanjung Malaya, langgeng nepi ka kira-kira abad 15. [28] Antara abad ka 7 jeung ka 13, loba Ujung Melayu kidul ieu nyorang bagian ti Kakaisaran maritim Sriwijaya . Sanggeus tumiba Srivijaya, Kakaisaran Majapahit ngalaman pangaruh leuwih lolobana Ujung Malaysia jeung Kapuloan Melayu. [35] Islam mimiti nyebar di antara Malayu dina abad 14. [36] Dina mimiti abad ka-15, Sultan Iskandar Shah, raja runaway urut Karajaan Singapura, ngadegkeun Kasultanan Malaka, ilahar dianggap nagri bébas kahiji di wewengkon ujung. [37] Malaka ieu hiji puseur komersial nu penting salila jaman eta, mincut dagang ti sakuliah wewengkon.

Pulitik

Géografi

Ékonomi

Sumber daya alam

Transportasi jeung Komunikasi

Kaséhatan

Pendidikan

Démografi

Ageman 

 Buda di Malaysia
 Islam di Malaysia
 Kristen di Malaysia
 Hindu di Malaysia
 Status kabébasan rélijius di Malaysia

Budaya

Kawarganagaraan 

Sadaya Malaysians téh warga Federal tanpa kawarganagaraan formal dina pada-pada nagara bagéanna. Unggal warga dipangnyitakkeun biometric identity card, katelahna téh "MyKad", dina yuswa 12, sarta kudu mawa kartu sareng maranéhna. Warga kedah pikeun nampilkeun kartu jati dirina ka pulisi, atawa dina kasus kaayaan darurat, ka tanaga militer, pikeun dicirian. Lamun kartu teu bisa dihasilkeun langsung, téhnisna jalmi boga 24 jam dina hukum pikeun nyieun éta di kantor pulisi nu pangdeukeutna.

Poe pere 

Malaysia and its states observe a number of holidays. Some are federally sanctioned while others are celebrated by some states only.

Tempo ogé

Rujukan

Tumbu kaluar

Situs resmi 
 myGovernment Portal  - Malaysian Government Portal
 Bernama  - Malaysian national news agency
 Malaysian Department of Statistics
 Tourism Malaysia - Malaysian tourism portal
 Office of the Prime Minister of Malaysia
 Radio Televisyen Malaysia  - Government-owned television network
 Malaysia External Trade Development Corporation
 Small Medium Industries Development Corporation 

Nagara
Nagara anggota ASEAN
Urut jajahan Inggris
 A
Monarki
Nagara anggota OKI
Nagara D8