Beta blocker

Deng Beta blockers (neng misan misusulat bilang β-blocker) metung lang pinduan a panulu a gagamitan da kareng miyayaliwang signus, dapot lalung lalu na keng pamanalan o pamangasiwa keng cardiac arrhythmia ampong pamaningat keng pusu kaibat ning myocardial infarction. Inya iti ing mumunang pamanulu keng matas a prisyun o hypertension, deng karelang agagawa mebawas a alaga inyang Juniu 2006 ning United Kingdom keng pang-apat a gulis a nung nu ela mabisa kalupa da reng aliwang panulu, lalu da kareng mangatuang atin erectile dysfunction ampong manalas a pitaklan, ampong darakal ing katibayan na deng maralas a magagamit a beta-blockers lalunglaluna deng piayabe kareng thiazide-a pinduan a diuretics a maging sangkan ing mikaka type 2 diabetes la.

Ing Propranolol iya ing mumunang diling clinically a gamitan a  beta adrenergic receptor antagonist. Inimbentu neng Sir James W. Black, iti elilan na ing pamangasiwa  keng pamanulu keng  angina pectoris ampong iti ing pekamaulagang ambag keng clinical a pamanulu ampong keng pharmacology ngening pang20ng dilanua.

Deng Beta blockers malyari la naman idaleraya bilang beta-adrenergic pangsabagal a agenti, beta-adrenergic panglaban, o kaya beta panglaban.

Pharmacology 
Deng Beta blockers sasabatan na ing gawa ning  endogenous catecholamines (epinephrine (adrenaline) ampong norepinephrine (noradrenaline) lalu na ing mismung ), keng β-adrenergic receptors, dake ning  sympathetic nervous system nung nu iti ing mamagitan keng "laban o mamakong" pakibat. 

Atin atlung kebaluan a pinduan da reng receptor, mitulduan bilang β1, β2 ampong  β3. β1-Deng adrenergic receptors keraklan atiu la keng pusu ampong batu. β2-Deng adrenergic receptors atiu la keraklan keng baga, bituka, ate, palaanakan vascular smooth muscle, ampong  kalamnan keng bungu. β3-Deng receptors atiu la kareng taba da reng cells.

Deng alimbawa da reng beta-blockers abe la reng : Sectral, Zebeta, Brevibloc, Inderal, Tenormine, Normodyne, Coreg, ampong Lopressor

β-Receptor panglaban 
Ustung mayayapis la reng β1 receptors kareng epinephrine iti maginduce lang positive chronotropic ampong inotropic a uyab keng pusu ampong dadakalan na ing cardiac conduction velocity ampong automaticity. Ing mayayapis a  β1 receptors keng batu lulual la reng renin. Ing pangayapis da reng  β2 receptors mipapainawa lang reng smooth muscle  (ing uyab na ing vasodilation ampong bronchodilation (pamamuklat da reng broncho), iti mikakagalgal keng kalamnan keng bungu, ampong darakal ing glycogenolysis keng ate ampong kalamnan keng bungu. Ing pamanapis ning  β3 receptors maging lipolysis.

Deng Beta blockers sasabatan nala dening normal epinephrine-mediated sympathetic a gawa, dapot ditak mu ing uyab kareng makapainawa. Nung nu babawasan na ing uyab keng pangabigla/sikan a pamagpilit keng kabug ning pusu, ampong king kayang pangapisil, pangabuklat da reng uyat, ampong pamamuklat da reng bronchi, ampong pangaritak ning galgal ampong pamaglaso keng glycogen.

β2-Selective agents 
 Butaxamine (weak α-adrenergic agonist activity)

Side Effects / Kabulasan katataulian 
 Mababang prisyun a daya
 Mabagal a pitig ning pusu
 Epamandagus ning daya
 kelan tudtud
 Pamagpalya ning pusu
 Asthma
 Sobrang kalungkutan
 Kelan libi o pamanalakad
 Kaibug manyuka
 Sakit buntuk
 Malilyu
 Pamamulikat

Uauangis a impormasyun

Pharmacological a pamialiwa 
 Deng agents a atin intrinsic sympathomimetic action (ISA)
 Acebutolol, carteolol, celiprolol, mepindolol, oxprenolol, pindolol 
 Deng agents a atin masdakal a aqueous solubility
 Atenolol, celiprolol, nadolol, sotalol
 Deng agents a a atin membrane stabilising pamangimut
 Acebutolol, betaxolol, pindolol, propranolol
 Deng agents atin antioxidant a uyab
 Carvedilol
 Nebivolol

Pawagang pamialiwa 
 Deng Agents a mismung indicasyun para (pamagpalya ning pusu)cardiac arrhythmia
 Esmolol, sotalol
 Deng Agents a mismung indicasyun para (pamagbara at pamagpalya ning pusu)[[congestive heart failure
 Bisoprolol, carvedilol, sustained-release metoprolol, nebivolol
 Deng Agents a mismung indicasyun para (sakit keng mata)glaucoma
 Betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol, metipranolol, timolol
 Deng Agents a mismung indicasyun para myocardial infarction
 Atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol
 Deng Agents a mismung indicasyun para (sobrang sakit ning buntuk)migraine prophylaxis
 Timolol, propranolol

Ing Propranolol iya kabud a agenti a indicasyun para panglaban keng tremor, portal hypertension ampong esophageal variceal a pamandaya, ampong keng pamangamit kambe ning α-blocker a pamanulu keng [phaeochromocytoma]].

dalerayan

Suglung Palual 
 Better Playing Through Chemistry by Blair Tindall, New York Times, October 17, 2004. (Discussing the use of beta-blockers among professional musicians.)
 Musicians using beta blockers by Blair Tindall. Condensed version of above article.
 

Antihypertensive agents