Bashar al-Assad

I Bashar Hafez al-Assad ( , Levantine a pangayagkas: ; mibait 11 Setiembre 1965) ing kasalungsungan a President ning Syria ampong Kalihim Panglabwad (Regional Secretary) ning Sangang panimunan ning Syria ning Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party. Ing tata na, i Hafez al-Assad, ing tinalan king Syria kilub ning 29 banwa angga king kayang kamatayan anyang 2000.

Miyari ya king pipagaralan a pangmedisina (medical school) king University of Damascus anyang 1988, at megumpisa yang magobra antimong doktor king ukbu (army). Kaybat ning apat a banwa, megaral yang pamagaral a postgraduate king Western Eye Hospital, king London, at megi yang espesyalista king ophthalmology. Anyang 1994, nung kapilan ya mete king aksidenti king sapungan kotsi ing koya nang i Bassel, ing talapagmana  nang tata ra, mabilis deng pepayaus i Bashar bang manalili king pwestu nang Bassel. Linub ya king akademyang militar, at menibala ya king Pamanyakup ning Syria king Lebanon anyang 1998. Kanitang Diciembre 2000, mikasal ya i Assad kang Asma Assad, a maki pilidung Akhras anyang dalaga ya. Miyalal yang  Al-Assad was elected as Pamuntuk ning Syria i Al-Assad anyang 2000 ampong 2007, at pareu yang alang kalaban.

Anyang mumuna, akakit de king bangsa na ampo kareng aliwang bangsa antimong repormista o magdalang kapanumanan, at mika palayo yang "The Hope" ("Ing Kapanayan"), oneng anting mebigu iti kaybat ning milyari king Gerang sibil king Syria. Kaybat na nita, inyad na ning Oposisyun king Syria ampo ing maragul a dake ning komunidad a internasyunal ing kayang pamitabili king upaya o pamagdimitir (resignation).

Dalerayan 
Notes

Bibliography

Karagdagang babasan 

 Syria: The Fall of the House of Assad by David W. Lesch (Yale University Press; 2012) 275 pages, scholarly account
 Bashar Al-Assad (Major World Leaders) by Susan Muaddi Darraj, (June 2005, Chelsea House Publications) ISBN 0-7910-8262-8 for young adults
 Syria Under Bashar Al-Asad: Modernisation and the Limits of Change by Volker Perthes, (2004, Oxford University Press) ISBN 0-19-856750-2 (Adelphi Papers #366)
 Bashar's First Year: From Ophthalmology to a National Vision (Research Memorandum) by Yossi Baidatz, (2001, Washington Institute for Near East Policy) ISBN B0006RVLNM
 Syria: Revolution From Above by Raymond Hinnebusch (Routledge; 1st edition, August 2002) ISBN 0-415-28568-2
 Bashar al-Assad and John F. Kennedy, Forward Magazine (Syria) 
 Assad: We too were not very happy with Annapolis, Forward Magazine (Syria) 
 Seven years of Bashar al-Assad’s rule 2000–2007, Forward Magazine (Syria)

Suglung palwal 
 

Official website
Biography, decrees, speeches, interviews, press releases

Transcript of 2010 conversation

Profile  at the LookLex Encyclopedia
Unofficial website 
Unofficial website with CV , Speeches , Pictures  and Mideast Just Peace 
Articles
Syria’s Proxy Forces in Iraq, Al-Hayat (London), 12 April 2003 at Middle East Intelligence Bulletin
Profile: Syria's Bashar al-Assad BBC News, 10 March 2005
Bashar al-Assad's Lebanon Gamble, William Harris, Middle East Quarterly, Summer 2005
Assad on the Brink , David Hirst, The Nation, 21 November 2005
Syria's Leaders , Esther Pan, Council on Foreign Relations, 10 March 2006
Connecting the dots in Lebanon , Omar Raad, Ya Libnan Volunteer, 2 December 2006
The Assad Dynasty in Syria: From Father to Son, Kristin Helberg, Deutsche Welle, 2009 at qantara.de
Interview With Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, The Wall Street Journal, 31 January 2011
Profile: Bashar al-Assad, Al Jazeera English, 25 March 2011

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1965 births
Arab nationalist heads of state
Arab politicians
Assad family
Members of the Syrian Regional Branch of the Ba'ath Party
Living people
Syrian ophthalmologists
People from Damascus
People of the Syrian civil war
Presidents of Syria
Damascus University alumni
Members of the National Command of the Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)
Homs Military Academy alumni
Recipients of the Order of Civil Merit (Syria)