Alan Turing

I Alan Mathison Turing, OBE, FRS ( ; 23 Junio 1912 – 7 Junio 1954), metung yang Ingles a matematiku, logician, cryptanalyst ampong computer scientist. Maragul ya impluwensiya king pamanalkus ning computer science, at minye yang pormalisasyon ning konseptuo ning "algorithm" ampong "computation" kapamilatan ning Turing machine, a maragul papil king pamaglalang ning modernung computer. Dakal la reng sasabing i Turing ing ibpa ning computer science ampo ning artificial intelligence.

Anyang Kadwang Gerang Pangkabilugan, megobra ya i Turing para king Government Code and Cypher School (GCCS) king Bletchley Park, Britain's ing sentru na para king codebreaking ning Britania. Mika panaun a yang meging pamuntuk ning Hut 8, ing sangang manibala king naval cryptanalysis a Aleman. Mekapaglalang yang manilan a paralan ba lang lutasan deng cipher a Aleman, kayabe ya ing kaparalanan ning bombe, metung a makinang electromechanical a makapanintun  pamituldu (setting) para king  Enigma machine.

fat boy jim  ning gera, megobra ya king National Physical Laboratory, nung nu ne lelang ing metung kareng mumunang disenyu para king stored-program computer, ing ACE. Anyang 1948, megobra ya i Turing king Max Newman's Computing Laboratory king Manchester University, nung nu ya sinaup king pamanalkus da reng Manchester computers at megi yang interesadu king  mathematical biology. Sinulat yang artikulu tungkul king batayan nang kemikal ning morphogenesis, at inula (predicted) ne ing tungkul kareng oscillating chemical reactionantimo ing Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction, a mumuna rang inobserban anyang dekadang  1960.

Uli ning pangabinabai nang Turing, midalum ya anyang 1952, panuan nung kapilan bawal la pa deng dapat a homosexual king Britania. Tinggap na ing pamanulu kapamilatan da reng hormone a pambabai (chemical castration) antimong alternatibu ning pangasukul. Mete ya anyang 1954, maygit mu king adwang duminggu bayu ing kayang pang apat a pulu't adwang aldo kebaitan, uli ning pangalasun ibat king cyanide. Agpang king pamagsyasat, migpakamate ya; para king kayang ima ampo reng aliwa, aksidenti ing kayang pangamate. Anyang 10 Setiembre 2009, kaybat ning kampanya king Aptas (Internet campaign), ing Pun Ministro ning Britania, i Gordon Brown, ginawa yang opisyal a pamanyad dispensa kapamilatan ning kapamahalan ning Britania para king pamagtratu kang Turing kaybat ning gera.

Lon la murin 

Good–Turing frequency estimation
LU Decomposition
Turing Award
Turing degree
Turing completeness
Turing machine
Turing machine examples
Turing pattern
Turing reduction
Turing switch
Turing test 
Unorganized machine

Notes

Dalerayan 

 
 
 
 
 
 Bruderer, Herbert: Konrad Zuse und die Schweiz. Wer hat den Computer erfunden? Charles Babbage, Alan Turing und John von Neumann Oldenbourg Verlag, München 2012, XXVI, 224 Seiten, ISBN 978-3-486-71366-4
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  in 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Petzold, Charles (2008). "The Annotated Turing:  A Guided Tour through Alan Turing's Historic Paper on Computability and the Turing Machine". Indianapolis: Wiley Publishing. ISBN 978-0-470-22905-7
Smith, Roger (1997). Fontana History of the Human Sciences. London: Fontana.
Weizenbaum, Joseph (1976). Computer Power and Human Reason. London: W.H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-0463-3
  Turing's mother, who survived him by many years, wrote this 157-page biography of her son, glorifying his life. It was published in 1959, and so could not cover his war work. Scarcely 300 copies were sold (Sara Turing to Lyn Newman, 1967, Library of St John's College, Cambridge). The six-page foreword by Lyn Irvine includes reminiscences and is more frequently quoted.
  This 1986 Hugh Whitemore play tells the story of Turing's life and death. In the original West End and Broadway runs, Derek Jacobi played Turing and he recreated the role in a 1997 television film based on the play made jointly by the BBC and WGBH, Boston. The play is published by Amber Lane Press, Oxford, ASIN: B000B7TM0Q
Williams, Michael R. (1985) A History of Computing Technology, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, ISBN 0-8186-7739-2

Further reading 

 Gleick, James, The Information: A History, A Theory, A Flood, New York: Pantheon, 2011, ISBN 978-0-375-42372-7
 Leavitt, David, The Man Who Knew Too Much: Alan Turing and the Invention of the Computer, W. W. Norton, 2006
 Turing, Sara, Alan M. Turing, Centenary Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2012, ISBN 978-1-107-02058-0

External links 

100 years from Alan Turing birth
Alan Turing RKBExplorer
Alan Turing Year
Google Doodle for Alan Turing 100th Birthday 
CiE 2012: Turing Centenary Conference
Visual Turing 
Turing Machine calculators at Wolfram Alpha
Alan Turing site maintained by Andrew Hodges including a short biography
AlanTuring.net – Turing Archive for the History of Computing by Jack Copeland
The Turing Archive – contains scans of some unpublished documents and material from the Kings College, Cambridge archive

Sherborne School Archives – holds papers relating to Alan Turing's time at Sherborne School
Alan Turing plaques recorded on openplaques.org
Tech world preps to honor 'Father of Computer Science' Alan Turing, as centenary nears

Papers 
An extensive list of Turing's papers, reports and lectures, plus translated versions and collections BibNetWiki

 Oral history interview with Nicholas C. Metropolis, Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota. Metropolis was the first director of computing services at Los Alamos National Laboratory; topics include the relationship between Alan Turing and John von Neumann

 
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