Evolusi uji kaji

Dalam biologi evolusi dan uji kaji, bidang evolusi uji kaji adalah berkenaan dengan hipotesis dan teori evolusi, dengan penggunaan uji kaji terkawal]]. Evolusi mungkin diperhatikan di makmal sebaik populasi beradaptasi terhadap keadaan persekitaran baharu dan/atau perubahan oleh proses stokastik seperti hanyutan genetik rawak. Dengan peralatan molekul moden, penentuan mutasi yang terhadapnya pemilihan bertindak adalah mungkin, yang membawa kepada adaptasi, dan untuk mencari cara tepat mutasi ini berfungsi. Kerana bilangan besar generasi yang diperlukan untuk adaptasi berlaku, uji kaji evolusi biasanya dijalankan dengan mikroorganisma seperti bakteria, ragi atau virus. Walau bagaimanapun, kajian makmal dengan rubah dan dengan rodensia  telah menunjukkan bahawa adaptasi ketara boleh berlaku dalam sedikit 10-20 generasi dan uji kaji dengan ikan gupi liar telah diperhatikan dalam bilangan generasi sebanding.

Lihat juga
 Pemilihan buatan
 Pembelajinakan
 Genomik pembelajinakan
 Pembiakbakaan terpilih
 Rubah perak jinak
 Biologi evolusi
 Fisiologi evolusi
 Genetik
 Genetik kuantitatif
 Abiogenesis uji kaji
 Evolusi terarah

Rujukan

Bacaan lanjut

 Dallinger, W. H.  1887. The president's address. J. Roy. Microscop. Soc., 185-199.
 Elena, S. F., and R. E. Lenski. 2003. Evolution experiments with microorganisms: the dynamics and genetic bases of adaptation. Nature Reviews Genetics 4: 457-469.
 Garland, T., Jr. 2003. Selection experiments: an under-utilized tool in biomechanics and organismal biology. Pages 23–56 in V. L. Bels, J.-P. Gasc, A. Casinos, eds. Vertebrate biomechanics and evolution. BIOS Scientific Publishers, Oxford, UK. PDF
 Garland, T., Jr., and M. R. Rose, eds. 2009.  Experimental evolution: concepts, methods, and applications of selection experiments. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. PDF of Table of Contents
 Gibbs, A. G. 1999. Laboratory selection for the comparative physiologist. Journal of Experimental Biology 202: 2709-2718.
 Lenski, R. E. 2004. Phenotypic and genomic evolution during a 20,000-generation experiment with the bacterium Escherichia coli. Plant Breeding Reviews 24: 225-265.
 Lenski, R. E., M. R. Rose, S. C. Simpson, and S. C. Tadler. 1991. Long-term experimental evolution in Escherichia coli. I. Adaptation and divergence during 2,000 generations. American Naturalist 138: 1315-1341.
 McKenzie, J. A., and P. Batterham. 1994. The genetic, molecular and phenotypic consequences of selection for insecticide resistance. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9: 166-169.
 Reznick, D. N., M. J. Bryant, D. Roff, C. K. Ghalambor, and D. E. Ghalambor. 2004. Effect of extrinsic mortality on the evolution of senescence in guppies. Nature 431: 1095-1099.
 Rose, M. R., H. B. Passananti, and M. Matos, eds. 2004. Methuselah flies: A case study in the evolution of aging. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore.
 Swallow, J. G., and T. Garland, Jr. 2005. Selection experiments as a tool in evolutionary and comparative physiology: insights into complex traits — An introduction to the symposium. Integrative and Comparative Biology 45: 387-390. PDF

Pautan luar
E. coli Long-term Experimental Evolution Project Site, Lenski lab, Michigan State University
A movie illustrating the dramatic differences in wheel-running behavior.
Experimental Evolution Publications by Ted Garland: Artificial Selection for High Voluntary Wheel-Running Behavior in House Mice — a detailed list of publications.
Experimental Evolution — a list of laboratories that study experimental evolution.
Network for Experimental Research on Evolution, University of California.
 New Scientist article on domestication by selection
 Inquiry-based middle school lesson plan:  "Born to Run: Artificial Selection Lab"

Biologi evolusi
Uji kaji biologi